: : il i HANew Pork Htate College of Agriculture At Cornell University Ithaca, N. VB. Librarp cai FLORA OF THE BRITISH WEST INDIAN ISLANDS. FLORA OF THER BRITISH WEST INDIAN ISLANDS. BY A. H. R. GRISEBACH, M.D., F.LS., PROFESSOR OF BOTANY IN THE UNIVERSITY OF GOTTINGEN, LONDON: LOVELL REEVE & CO., HENRIETTA STREET, COVENT GARDEN. 1864. JOHN EDWARD TAYLOR, PRINTER, LITTLE QUEEN STREET, LINCOLN'S INN FIELDS. PREFACE, In 1857 I published an enumeration of all Caribbean plants known up to that time; the materials from which this paper was drawn up chiefly con- sisting of an extensive herbarium collected in the island of Guadaloupe by Dr. Duchassaing, a French physician. At about the same period, Sir - W. Hooker was exerting himself to procure the publication of a complete series of Colonial Floras (a vast scientific undertaking which could never be carried out, except through powerful influence such as he possessed), and consequently entrusted the elaboration of the present volume to myself, putting all the materials of the Hookerian Herbarium and the Kew Museums at my disposal, and procuring a grant of £300 from the British Government to meet the necessary expenses. As many thousands of dried plants had to be ex- amined, and new collections were being formed in the colonies while the work proceeded, the labour was considerable, and eventually occupied more than six years, uninterruptedly. Four times I went over to England, to compare my own West Indian herbarium with that at Kew; whilst ail those forms which proved not to be in my possession, were most liberally placed in my hands to be examined at Géttingen. These and otber collections have now been returned to Kew, with my labels, and will hence be accessible authorities for the species I have described. For a series of doubtful West Indian plants mentioned by older authors I have, when sojourning in London, consulted the Banksian collection of the British Museum, but not to as great an extent as might have been desirable. All those Swartzian species, how- ever, which I had no opportunity of seeing there, were kindly sent for inspec- tion by Professor Andersson, of Stockholm, and these proved most important ; for the specimens which Swartz has communicated to Willdenow and other German botanists, are often incorrectly labelled: hence the only authentic information as to certain Swartzian species is to be derived from his origi- nals, either in the possession of the Academy of Stockholm, or of the British Museum. The ‘ Flora of the British West Indies’ is intended to be a synopsis of all vascular plants as yet known to inhabit the British West Indian possessions. Of cultivated plants only those are mentioned which are said to be naturalized in the country. Though reaching beyond the tropics (north lat. 10° to 27°), the West Indian islands present an entirely tropical character in their vege- table productions, and the Northern Bahamas in this respect are quite distinct vi PREFACE. from the opposite continental shore of Florida, from which it is separated by the Gulf-stream; while Trinidad, lying almost contiguous to the delta of the Orinoco, partakes of the flora of Venezuela and Guiana. Jamaica again, from its mountainous character and more distant position,—most of the Leeward islands from being wooded voleanos,—and the majority of the Windward ones, with a dry climate and a low calcareous soil, form three divisions of this tropical archipelago, which show as many peculiarities. Thus the whole of the British West Indies, as comprised in this Flora, may be divided into five natural sections, each with a distinct botanical character, and including the following islands, the geographical area of which is added according to the American Almanac for 1858; and other sources. English square miles. I. 27°-21°N.L. . Bahamas . . . . . 5420 21°. . . . . TurkIslands . . . 400 II. 19-18° . . . Jamaica . . . . . 5470 II 1. Western Caribbean Islands (most Leeward, and including some of the Windward islands). WS? a . Virgin Islands . . . 140 17? ewe wh Ss Kitts eo Be ee 0 go ae ee Nevis eg ew 4 ee 80 16°. =... . Montserrat . . . . 650 1B°.. . . .). Dominica. «. . . . 290 14°-18° . . . S.Ducia . . . 1 1 225 13°. . . . . S. Vincent. . . . . 180 12° Grenada and Grenadillos 155 IV. Eastern ‘Caribbean Islands (most Windward, and some Leeward islands). = 1°. . . . . Anguilla . . . . . 80 17°... . » « Barboda . . . « « 90 iii te oste Me tas oe AEM ye tee os. ee L000 18°. =. . . . Barbadoes. . . . . 170 1°... . . Tabago. . . . « . 190 vV.10°. . . . . Trinidad . . . . . 2000 Thus the territory comprised may be estimated as amounting to about 15,000 English square miles, or nearly twice as much as the area of Wales. Haiti alone is nearly twice as large as the whole of the British West Indies; Cuba surpasses them almost three times, and this will account for the fact, that, considerable as were the materials at my disposition, and great the exertions of so many excellent collectors, the number of novelties in my Flora is comparatively speaking small, while Cuba affords a daily increasing number of unpublished species. Considering, at the same time, how neglected by botanists Cuba has been, if we compare it with the standard works of men like Jacquin and Swartz, the publications of whom, with regard to the West Indies, were almost confined to the British possessions, it will appear pro- bable, that by far the greatest part of the plants of our territory consists of old species, these indeed being the foundation of our scientific knowledge of the flora of tropical America. e To study these-primary species and their varieties (which have so often been misunderstood, that their synonyms are far more numerous than their numbers), to show that many of them range through the whole of tropical PREFACE. vil America, and some, even beyond its limits, and that a considerable number of so-called geographical species must be reduced, is an object of great syste- matic importance, and this has been the aim which, during my labour, I have constantly had in view. But another not less obvious task consisted in ar- ranging the species according to the actual state of botanical science. Almost all the principal authors who have written on West Indian plants belong to the last century, and consequently to the Linnean school, and a general syn- opsis of West Indian plants has never before been attempted, not even by Swartz, whose Flora contains descriptions of his new species only, with a few remarks on allied forms. The first important works were those of Sir H. Sloane (1696-1725) and of Patrick Browne (1756), both on the flora of Jamaica: the former, whose collection exists still, and forms one of the trea- sures of the British Museum, gave many rough drawings; the latter, a small number of most elaborate figures. Both are excellent works for their time, and their drawings are in most cases highly valuable authorities for Linnean and Swartzian species. Linneeus himself (1759) has published a paper on a small set of Jamaica plants. Plumier’s works (1693-1760), with their exag- gerated sketches (not published in accurate conformity with the original drawings, which may be consulted at Paris, and are said to be more valuable), referring chiefly to Haiti, and being devoid of original descriptions, are less useful to the student of our flora. Baron Jacquin, the Austrian, and Ol. Swartz, the Swedish botanist, are the fundamental authors on the vege- table productions of the British West Indies; both had the advantage, which T had not, of collecting their specimens in the country, and many of their de- scriptions have been taken from the living plants. Of the British islands, Jacquin: (1754-1759) visited Jamaica, 8. Kitts, 8. Vincent, and Grenada. Among his numerous iconographic publications, the rare coloured edition of his «Historia Selectarum Stirpium Americanarum’ (1780) contains 264 tables, and, being far superior to his former work on American botany (1763), is constantly quoted in our volume (Jacq. Pict.). Swartz was in Jamaica, Haiti, and in a few of the lesser Antilles (1784-1789). In his ‘ Flora In- diz Occidentalis ’ (1797-1806) he describes 835 vascular plants, viz. about one-fourth of the number of species which I have enumerated. The American plants, described by Vahl in his ‘Eclogee Americane’ (1796-1798), and other contributions, are not numerous, and often identical with those of Swartz: in a few cases, from want of original specimens, they could not be identified. Much less important are the publications of the present century. Tussac’s ‘ Flora Antillarum’ (1808-1827) contains 138 coloured plates of Haiti plants, the majority of which had already been figured. Of Lunan’s ‘ Hortus Jamaicensis ’ (1814) and Descourtilz’ ‘Flore Médicale des- Antilles’ (1821— 1829), the former is a mere compilation, and the latter a series of execrable chiefly copied drawings; both of little or no scientific value. Hamilton’s *Prodromus Plantarum Indie Occidentalis’ (1825) is a pamphlet on certain new or doubtful species, but which for the most part cannot be identified. Maycock’s ‘Flora Barbadensis’ (18380) is a compendious list of Barbadoes plants, which I have omitted to quote, being not sufficiently informed on the authenticity of the determinations. Macfadyen’s ‘ Flora of Jamaica’ (1837) viii PREFACE. was interrupted by the author’s death: only the first part and a few sheets of the second were printed, reaching, according ‘to the Candollean system, from Ranunculacee to Melastomacee. The Hookerian Herbarium afforded me an opportunity of comparing his originals and some of his manuscripts. Thus, of no part of the British West Indies has a tolerably complete Flora ever been published since the time of P. Browne, and on a large number of species occurring in these islands, general systematic works and periodical literature are the only sources of information, A. Richard’s ‘ Flora of Cuba (1838-1853), compiled from Ramon de la Sagra’s and Linden’s materials, is so incomplete, that in other collections sent from that large island, e.g: in those of Rugel and C. Wright, there occur nearly thrice as many species. I much regret that I only very lately succeeded in procuring the Spanish folio edition of Richard’s work (printed about 1850), all the remaining copies of which, as the publisher told me at Paris, were carried to Spain by Ramon de la Sagra. Thus my quotations refer to the first volume of the French edition in octavo, comprising only the Polypetalous Orders (1845), the second volume never having been printed; but I have been enabled to identify most of Richard’s new species from the plates, or from Linden’s original specimens. At the end of the volume I have given a list of the botanists and collectors to whom my materials of the Flora of the British West Indies are due. From these specimens almost all the descriptive details have been drawn up ; and it is but rarely that I have copied from other authors, or from the labels of the collector, marking quotations by inverted commas, or adding as for manuscript notes my authority in a parenthesis ( ).* The British Museum is particularly rich in old collections: those of Sieber I consulted in the Hookerian Herbarium, and in Dr. Sonder’s and my own herbarium, whilst, for the inspection of many of Bartero’s plants, belonging to the Wiirzburg Museum, I am indebted to Professor Scheur. The large bulk of West Indian plants at Kew consists of the collections of modern ex- plorers, of whom the majority, however, are no longer living. Three zealous correspondents have died during the publication of the work: Mr. Elsey, shortly after his arrival in the island of St. Kitts, where he had begun to col- lect for my Flora; the two others in the year of its termination, both of them my German countrymen, Dr. Crueger, the late Director of the Botanic Gar- den of Trinidad, and the Rev. Mr. Wullschlaegel, of Hermhut, the former of whom had contributed the duplicates of his Trinidad Herbarium, the latter an extensive and highly valuable collection, the entire produce of his botanical pursuits at the missionary stations in Antigua and Western Jamaica. The principal Jamaica collections of the Kew Herbarium were made by Macfadyen, Purdie, M‘Nab, Distan, and Dr. Alexander Prior (to whom I am also indebted for giving me the greatest facilities for consulting his rich private herbarium), by Mr. Wilson, the Director of the Colonial Botanic Garden, and by Mr. Marsh, a resident of the island, both of whom have sent ample materials during the publication of this Flora. From the Bahamas, a group of islands which promises still many novelties, Swainson’s tolerably rich unpublished * Thus for accuracy generally I alone am responsible, thongh for many unavoidable im- perfections of the work, I beg to take into account the usual state of dry specimens collected in a tropical climate. PREFACE. ix collection proved very interesting, and lately Mr. Hjalmarsson has sent some new materials from the Turk Islands. The Caribbean Archipelago is xepre- sented in the Kew Herbarium by several minor collections, but especially by the extensive communications of Dr. Imray, of Dominica, and by the en- tire collection of Rev. Mr. Guilding, of St. Vincent. The principal Trinidad Herbaria to which I had access, were those of Sieber, Lockhart, De Schach, Lane, Purdie, and Crueger. On the geographical range of the West Indian plants (including Cuba), Iam preparing a special paper, but the materials for such an inquiry have been added in brackets at the end of the habitat of every species, as far as it is known to proceed beyond the limits of the British islands. These facts were chiefly collected by careful comparison of specimens from other localities, whilst studying the West Indian plants in the Kew Herbarium (the largest stock of phyto-geographical materials in the world), and as often as I could verify the identity of a species from different countries, I have added the usual sign (!). As for the classification of species into genera, and of genera into Natural Orders, I have followed generally received principles. But the series or ar- rangement of Orders adopted in this volume may be censured with apparent justice, as not being in conformity with the other colonial Floras since pub- lished. I must, however, remark that the publication of the West Indian Flora began before any other (1859), and that at that time, as is known from the systems of De Candolle, Endlicher, and Lindley, no one series of Orders was universally adopted. It must further be taken into account that the authors of Floras, though mostly following the Candollean series, habitually admit certain deviations from it according to natural affinity, as for instance, Dr. Asa Gray has in his North American, and Mr. Bentham in his ‘ British Flora,’ and that my own series of Dicotyledonous Orders is nearly in con- formity with De Candolle’s ‘Prodromus,’ except in giving up the Apetalous division, and in arranging the Apetalous plants (as has been considered ad- visable by many authors before me), next to those Orders which I considered more or less allied. This is not a convenient place to discuss this principle, and as no reader can get a sufficient knowledge of the natural classification of plants without studying general works on botany, I abstain from dwelling here any longer on such a disputable point as the merits of one or the other series of Natural Orders; referring those who desire information about my arrangement to a paper on the subject (‘Grundriss der Systematischen Bo- tanik,’ 1854). But to meet the objection of incongruity in this respect be- tween the different colonial Floras, I prefix a table of the Orders, arranged more in conformity with the Candollean series of Dicotyledones. Finally, I take this opportunity of expressing my sincere obligations to all those who have favoured and patronized the edition of this Flora, and in par- ticular to Sir W. Hooker, who has been the real founder and supporter of the work, and to Dr. J. D. Hooker, without whose constant assistance in over- looking the press and advising me on certain scientific and editorial subjects, it could yever have been completed. A. H. R. GrisEBacu. Gottingen, 26th June, 1864. TABULAR ARRANGEMENT OF THE NATURAL ORDERS, ACCORDING TO TYPICAL, VIZ. NOT ore RO a1 14. 15. 16. . Ranunculacee (page 1). Sepals deciduous. Leaves dotless, not aromatic. . Dilleniacee (p. 2). Sepals persistent. Seeds arillate. UNEXCEPTIONAL CHARACTERS. Dicotyledones. First leaves of the embryo opposite. Ovary closed. I. Toatamistemones. Petals distinct. Stamens inserted into the torus. A. Ovaries distinct. Magnoliacee (p. 3). Sepals deciduous. Leaves aromatic, usually stipulate. Anonacee (p. 8). Albumen ruminate. Leaves aromatic, without stipules. Menispermee (p. 9). Flowers unisexual. Stamens opposite to the corolla. Scandent plants. ; . Nymphaacee (p.11). Embryo separated by a sac from the amylaceous albumen. Water-plants. . Nelumbonea (p. 12). Seeds exalbuminous. Water-plants. B. Ovary with parietal placentas. . Papaveracea (p. 12). Sepals 2-3. Albumen copious, including the minute embryo. . Crucifera (p. 13). Sepals 4, Stamens tetradynamous. No albumen. 10. li. 12. 13. Capparidee (p. 15). Sepals 4. Stamens co~-6. No albumen. Bizinee (p. 20). Torus with a disk. Albumen fleshy, including an embryo with foliaceous cotyledons. - Violacee# (p. 25). Stamens 5: the anther exceeded by the connective. fleshy, including the embryo. Sauvagesice (p. 112). Fertile stamens 5, the sterile exterior. Albumen fleshy, in- cluding the embryo. Droseracee (p. 26). Calyx 3-partite. Albumen copious, including the minute embryo. Glanduliferous herbs. ; : [Cf. Caryophyllew (p. 54), Canillace (p. 108), Marcgraaviacer: (p. 109), nese (p. 110), Passiflorece (p. 290), Turneracere (p. 296).] C. Ovary 2(-1)-celled : ovules single, pendulous. Polygalee (p. 2'7). Flowers asymmetrical. (Cf. Euphorbiacese “p. 31).] Albumen Hyperici- _ D. Ovary 1-celled, with a central, free placenta, or several-celled. ; Caryophyliee (p. 54). Embryo excentrical: albumen amylaceous. 17. . Bombacea (p. 87). Staminal column divided into parcels ; anthers 1-celled. 19. 20. 21. 22. 23. 24, 25. 26. 27. 28. 29. 30. . Meliacee (p. 128). Stamens monadelphous nearly to the anthers. Style simple. 32. 33. 84. . Zygophyllee (p. 184). Stamens distinct. Leaves opposite, compound, stipulate. 36, 37. 38. 39. 40. 41. 42. 43. 44, TABULAR ARRANGEMENT OF NATURAL ORDERS. xi E. Ovary several-celled ; placentas in the axis. a. Calyx valvate. Malvacee (p. 71). Stamens oo, monadelphous: anthers 1-celled. Slerculiacee (p. 89). Stamens monadelphous: anthers 2-celled. Flowers unisexual, apetalous. Buettneriacee (p. 90). ‘Stamens monadelphous: anthers 2-celled. Flowers complete. Tiliacee (p. 95). Stamens oo, distinct: anthers 2-celled. b. Calyx imbricative. aa. Sepals 2-pluriserial, or passing into bractlets. Stamens oo (-10). Ternstremiacee (p. 103). Style simple or lobed. Leaves alternate. Guttifere (p. 108). Stigmas sessile, or styles distinct. Flowers polygamous. Leaves opposite, shining. Canillacee (p. 108). Stamens forming a tubular column; anthers 20-10, extrorse. Leaves alternate. Marcgraaviacee (p. 109). Stigmas sessile. Leaves alternate ; bracts cucullate. Hypericinee (p. 110). io usually distinct. Leaves opposite, dotted. [C£. Ochnaceze (p. 104).] P bb. Calyx uniserial. Stamens 10 or less (-00). Erythrozyle@ (p.118). Petals bearing internally a double scale. Stamens monadel- phous, 10. Malpighiacee (p. 114). “Calyx usually with 8-10 glands on the outside. Petals clawed. Sapindacea (p. 122). Sepals 5-4. Stamens distinct, usually 8. Staphyleacee (p. 128). Sepals 5. Stamens distinct, 5. Aurantiacee (p. 131). Stamens polyadelphous in the West Indian genus. Ovary en- tire; style simple. Geraniacee@ (p. 182).- Stamens monadelphous, fertile, 10 or less. Styles adnate to the axis, at length distinct. Ovalidee (p. 182). Petals contorted. Styles distinct, 5. Rutacee (p. 1384). Stamens distinct. Ovaries more or less distinct above. Leaves usually exstipulate, often dotted. Ochnacee (p. 104). Anthers long, opening with pores. Leaves shining. (Cf. Euphorbiacee (p. 31), Phytolaccez (p. 58), Ericese (p. 141), Cyrilleze (p. 145) F. Ovary simple, 1-celled or divided by tissue; ovules few, hanging from a central placenta, or the summit of the cell, Olacinee (p. 309). Petals valvate, often internally villous. G. Ovary 2- several celled ; ovules 2-1 in each cell, ascending. Ampilidee (p. 102). Stamens opposite to the valvate petals. (Cf Iicinese (p. 146) ; ovules peudulous.] Catycostemones. Stamens or petals inserted into the calyx. . Ovary several-celled, superior (except in some Rhamnex) ; ovules 1-2 in each cell. Leaves simple. Celastrinee (p. 145). Stamens alternate to the petals. Ovules usually erect. Ilicinee (p. 146).’ Stamens alternate to the petals. Ovules pendulous. Albumen copious, including the minute embryo. Hippocrateacea (p. 148). Stamens 3; petals 5 ; ovules ascending. Chailletiacee (p. 149), Stamens alternate to the petals. Ovules pendulous. Rhamnee (p. 99). Stamens alternate to the valvate calyx-lobes.. Ovules erect. xii TABULAR ARRANGEMENT OF NATURAL ORDERS. B. Ovary several-celled, or simple ; ovules 1-2 in each cell. Leaves usually compound, 45. Terebinthacee (p. 178). No albumen. C. Ovaries single, or distinct, free. No albumen. 46. Leguminose (p.177). Carpel single; fruit leguminous. 47. Connaracee (p. 228). Carpels 5-1; fruit follicular. : 48. Chrysobalanee (p. 229). Carpel single ; style suprabasilar ; fruit drupaceous. 49. Rosacee (p. 231). Carpels oo-1. Flowers symmetrical. D. Ovary several-celled (simple in Combretaces) ; style simple. Calyx valvate. No albumen. 50. Myrtacee (p. 282). Stamens usually oo. Ovary inferior. Leaves entire. 51. Melastomacee (p. 248). Stamens definite, inflexed in the bud. Ovary inferior, or adhering by- lines. Leaves curve-ribbed, opposite. 52. Lythrariee (p. 269). Stamens definite. Ovary superior. 53. Onagrariee i 271). Stamens definite. Ovary inferior. ; 54. Rhizophoree (p. 274). Ovary-cells with definite, hanging ovules. Leaves opposite ; stipules interpetiolar. ; 55. Combretacee (p. 274). Ovary simple, inferior; ovules few, hanging. Leaves without stipules. E. Ovary with parietal placentas. 56. Cucurbitacee (p. 286). Ovary inferior, usually divided by the 3 placentas; stigmas distinct. No albumen. Stem scandent by tendrils. 57. Papayacee (p. 289). Ovary superior; placentas 5; stigmas distinct. Seeds albumi- nous. Trees. 58. Passifloree (p. 290). Ovary superior; stigmas distinct. Seeds albuminous. 59. Turneracee (p. 297). Petals inserted into the calyx, stamens into the torus. 60. Homalinee (p. 298). Stamens alternate to or fascicled alternately with the calyx-seg- ments. 61. Loasee (p. 298). Ovary inferior; style simple. Down of stinging hairs. 62. Cactee (p. 300). Sepals, petals, and stamens oo. Succulent plants. (Cf. Bixinez (p. 20).] F. Ovaries distinct or connected, with the styles usually distinct. Seeds small, oo. 68. Crassulacee (p. 808). Carpels as many as the petals, free. Leaves succulent. 64. Saxifrayee (p. 303). Ovary usually 2-celled. Albumen copious, including a small embryo. (Cf. Caryophylles (p. 54).] G. Ovary inferior, 2- many-celled, with the styles distinct or combined ; ovules single in each cell, pendulous. Calyu-limb reduced. Seeds albuminous ; embryo minute. 65. Araliacee (p. 805). Pericarp fleshy. 66. Umbeliifere (p. 307). Carpels 2, dry in fruit, at length distinct. H. Ovary simple, cohering to the reduced 3-1 ovules. 67. Loranthace@ (p.311). Shrubby parasites. III. Perarostemongs. Petals cohering. Stamens usually inserted into the corolla. A. Ovary inferior. Stigma naked. 68. Caprifoliacee (p. 815). Leaves opposite. 69. Rubiacee (p. 816). Leaves whorled, usually 2 in the whorl developed, and the rest stipuliform. (Cf. Brices (p. 141), Gesneriacese (p. 459).] 70. 71. 72. 73. 74. 75. TABULAR ARRANGEMENT OF NATURAL ORDERS. xiii B. Ovary inferior, simple, 1-ovulate ; stigmas with collecting hairs. Synanthere@ (p. 352), Anthers connected. Flowers in involucrate heads. C. Ovary inferior, several-celled ; ovules 00 ; stigmas with collecting hairs. Lobeliacee (p. 385). Corolla asymmetrical. Goodenoviee (p. 388). Corolla asymmetrical. Stigma indusiate. Campanulacee (p. 888). Corolla symmetrical. (Cf. Cucurbitacese (p. 286).] D. Ovary superior, Stamens inserted into the torus. Ericee (p. 141). Ovules oo in the ovary-cells, Cyrillee (p. 145). Ovules single in the ovary-cells. E. Ovary superior, Stamens‘inserted into the corolla, opposite to its lobes. Placenta 76. V7. 78. central, free. Primulacee (p. 390). Corolla symmetrical. Pericarp capsular. Lentibulariee (p. 390). Corolla 2-lipped ; stamens 2. Pericarp capsular. Myrsinee (p. 892). Corolla symmetrical. Pericarp fleshy. [Cf. Olacinez (p. 809).] F. Qvary superior. Stamens inserted into the corolla, exceeding in number its lobes? 79, 80. 81. G. 82. 83. 84, 85. 86. 87. 88. 89. 90. 91. 92, 93, 94, 95. or the fertile ones opposite to them. Sapotee (p. 397). Ovules single in the ovary-cells; style simple. Styracee (p. 402). Ovules oo-several in the ovary-cells; style simple. Ebenacee (p. 404). Ovules 1-2 in the ovary-cells, hanging ; style divided. (Cf. Papayacese (p. 289), Crassulacez (p. 303).] Ovary superior. Stamens inserted into the corolla, as many as its lobes or less. a. Corolla symmetrical. Olinee (p. 404). Stamens 2 (-4), Ovary 2-celled; ovules 2 in each cell, hanging. Jasminee (p. 406). Stamens 2. Ovary 2-celled; ovules single (or few) in each cell, ascending. Apocynee (p. 406). Stamens 5. Ovaries 2, connected by the stigma, or ovary 2- celled. Corolla usually contorted. Asclepiadee (p. 416). Stamens 5. Ovaries 2, connected by the indusiate stigma. Pollen in masses. Gentianea (p.422). Stamens 5-4. Ovary with 2 parietal placentas. Corolla usually contorted. Convolvulacee (p. 466). Stamens 6-4. Ovary usually 2-4-celled ; ovules of each carpel 2-1, erect. Sepals usually distinct. Hydroleacee (p. 476). Stamens 5. Ovary 2-3-celled ; ovules oo; styles distinct. Boraginee (p. 477). Stamens usually 5. Ovary lobed, 4-celled; ovules single in each cell, hanging. Inflorescence gyrate. ~ Solanee (p. 431). Stamens 5-4. Ovary 2-celled; placentas axile, many-ovulate. Inflorescence cymose, extra-axillary. (Cf. llicines (p. 146), Rubiaceze (p. 316), Scrophularinee (p. 431).] b. Corolla asymmetrical, usually 2-lipped. Scrophularinee (p. 481). Ovary 2-celled; placentas axile, many-ovulate. Seeds al- buminous. Bignoniacee (p. 444). Ovary 2-celled; placentas 2; ovules co, distant from the axis. No albumen. Acanthacee (p. 450). Ovary 2-1-celled. Seeds definite, ascending, usually with hooked appendages. No albumen. Gesneriacee (p. 459). Ovary with 2 parietal placentas. Labiata (p. 486). Ovary lobed, 4-celled; ovules single in each cell, erect. No albu- men. xiv TABULAR ARRANGEMENT OF NATURAL ORDERS. 96. Verbenacee (p. 492). Ovary entire; ovules single in each cell. No albumen. | 97. Myoporinee (p. 492). Ovary entire ; ovules definite in each cell. Seeds albuminous. (Cf. Rutaces (p. 134).] IV. Monocutamypex. Flowers apetalous, or incomplete. A. Calyx searious, inferior. 98, Plantayinee (p. 389). Stamens alternate to the lobes of the involucellate calyx. 99. Plumbaginee (p. 389). Stamens alternate to the lobes of the calyx, opposite to a co- tolla-like crown. Ovary simple; style-branches 5. (Cf. Amarantacese (p. 61).] B. Calyzx inferior (rarely none). Albumen amylaceous ; embryo usually eacentrical. 100. Phytolaccee (p. 58). Ovaries distinct above or single; a single ovule in each carpel. 101. Chenopodee (p.59). Ovary simple (rarely 4-celled), with a divided style; ovule single. Calyx herbaceous. . 102. Amarantacee (p.61). Ovary simple. Calyx involucellate, free from the opposite stamens. 103. Nyctayinee (p. 69). Ovary simple; style simple. Calyx corolla-like. 104. Polygonee (p. 161). Ovary simple with a divided style; ovule single. Calyx usually coloured. Leaves ochreate. (Cf. Caryophylles (p. 54).] C. Calyx inferior, or none. Albwmen none, or fleshy. 105. Laurinee (p.279). Calyx imbricative. Anthers dehiscent by valves. Ovary simple; ovule single, hanging. 106. Proteacee (p. 277). Calyx valvate. Stamens 4. Ovary simple. 107. Thymelee (p. 278). Calyx imbricative. Ovary simple; ovule laterally affixed. 108. Myristicee (p. 8). Flowers unisexual. Calyx valvate. Ovary simple. Embryo minute; albumen ruminate. 109. Monimiee (p. 9). Flowers unisexual. Ovaries distinct, oo. Embryo minute in the top of albumen. 110. Ceratophyliee (p. 12). Flowers unisexual, naked. Ovary simple. No albumen. Aquatic plants. 111. Euphorbiacee (p. 31). Flowers unisexual. Ovary usually 3-celled; ovules 1-2 in ~ each cell, hanging. Seeds albuminous. 112, Nuticee (p. 149). Flowers usually unisexual. Ovary simple; ovule single; stigmas usually distinct. {Cf. Papaveraceze (p. 12), Bixines (p. 20), Sterculiacee (p. 89), Tiliacese (p. 95), Rhamnese (p. 99), Rutacese (p. 184), Chrysobalanez (p, 229), Passiflorese (p. 290), Olinez (p. 404).] D. Ovary inferior. Flowers not amentaceous. 113. Aristolochiacee (p. 299). Flowers hermaphrodite. Calyx coloured. 114, Bignoniacee (p. 303). Flowers unisexual. Sepals coloured, distinct in ¢. SS ist (p. 232), Onagrariese (p. 271), Combretacese (p. 274), Loranthacese D- ; E. Ovary inferior or naked. Flowers on a spadix. 115. Balanophoree (p. 809). Flowers unisexual. Ovary simple. Aphyllous parasites. F. Flowers amentaceous, at least in 3. 116. Juglandee (p. 176). Drupe 1-seeded. Embryo with anfractuose-sinuate cotyledons ; no albumen. Leaves compound. 117. Amentacea (p. 177). Fruit 1-seeded. No albumen. Leaves simple. - 118. Garryacee (p. 285). Ovary simple, inferior. Seeds albuminous. Leaves opposite. 119. Lacistemea (p. 25). Ovary with parietal placentas, superior. Seeds albuminous. TABULAR ARRANGEMENT OF NATURAL ORDERS. XV 120. Salicee (p.112). Ovary with parietal placentas, naked. Seeds woolly; no albumen. 121. Piperacee (p. 164). Ovary simple, naked. Embryo separated by a sac from the amylaceous albumen. 122. Chloranthee (p.172). Ovary simple, naked. Embryo in the top of fleshy albumen. Gymnospermee. First leaves of the embryo opposite or whorled, Ovary open. 123. Conifere (p. 503). Trunk branched. Leaves entire. 124. Cycadee (p. 504). Trunk simple. Leaves pinnate. Monocotyledones. First leaf of the embryo single. A. Seeds devoid of albumen, Embryo hollow above. 125. Alismacee (p. 505), Flowers corollate. Ovaries distinct, superior. 126. Hydrocharidee (p. 506). Flowers corollate. Ovary inferior. 127. Najadee (p. 506). Flowers apetalous or naked. (Cf. Aroideze (p. 307).] B. Seeds albuminous. Flowers on a spadizx. 128. Aroidee (p. 507). Spadix supported by a spathe. 129. Typhacee (p. 512). Spadices 2~several, one above the other. 130. Pandanee (p. 518). Spadix supported by spathes. Leaves at the summit of the trunk. 131. Palme (p. 518). Spadix supported by spathes. Embryo in a special cavity of the albumen. Leaves at the summit of the trunk, usually divided. C. Embryo in a special operculate cavity of the amylaceous albumen. 132. Commelynee (p. 523). Flowers corollate. D. Embryo on the outside of amylaceous albumen. 183. Xyridee (p. 525). Flowers corollate. 184. Restiacee (p. 526). Flowers glumaceous. Ovary single in the ovary-cells. 185. Graminee@ (p. 527). Flowers enclosed by glumaceous bracts. Ovary simple; ovule single, lateral. E. Embryo included in amylaceous albumen. Flowers naked or glumaceous. 136. Cyperacee (p. 562). Flowers enclosed by glumaceous bracts. Ovary simple; ovule single, erect. 187. Juncee (p. 581). Calyx glumaceous. Capsule many—3-seeded. F. Embryo included in fleshy corneous albumen. Perigone coloured. 138. Liliacee (p. 587). Flowers hermaphrodite. Pericarp capsular. 189. Smilacee (p. 585). Pericarp usually fleshy. Ovary superior. Albumen corneous. 140. Dioscoree (p. 586). Flowers unisexual. Ovary inferior. 141. Iridea (p. 589). Flowers hermaphrodite. Stamens 3, alternate to the inner peri- gone, Ovary inferior. G. Embryo included in amylaceous albumen. Perigone coloured. 142. Hemadoracee (p. 589). Perigone uniserial, of 6 divisions. Stamens 6-3. Leaves equally equitant. 148, Pontederiacee (p. 590). Perigone asymmetrical, of 6 divisions. Stamens 6-3, un- equal. Aquatic plants. : 144. Bromeliacee (p. 590). Perigone biserial, of 3 exterior and 3 interior divisions. Sta- mens 6, 145. Musacee (p. 599). Perigone biserial, unequal. Stamens 6; one sterile or abortive. Terrestrial, often arborescent plants. A ents 146. Scitaminee (p. 600), Perigone biserial, of 8 exterior and asymmetrical interior divi- sions. Fertile stamen 1. xvi TABULAR ARRANGEMENT OF NATURAL ORDERS. H. Embryo solid ; no albumen. Perigone coloured, superior. 147. Burmanniacee (p. 605). Perigone symmetrical. Stamens 3. 148, Orchidea (p. 606). Perigone asymmetrical. Fertile stamen 1, gynandrous; pollen in masses. . CryprogaM# vascuLaBus. Propagation by simple cells (spores), impregnation by an- theridia (not by pollen). 149. Rhizocarpee (p. 644). Sporangia included in conceptacula. Aquatic herbs. 150. Lycopodiacee (p. 645). Sporangia axillary. 151. Hyuisetacee (p. 648). Sporangia at the under side of peltate scales, the latter in terminal cones, : 152. Filices (p. 648). Sporangia in sori at the under side of the leaves. FLORA OF THE BRITISH WEST INDIAN ISLANDS. —————_@— DICOTYLEDONES. I. RANUNCULACE. flower-organs distinct from each other, the two inuer whorls usually indefinite. Anthers adnate: cells extrorse or lateral. Hmbryo minute, included in the top of the endosperm. —Leaves sheathing, mostly dissected, without stipules. The sap contains an acrid, volatile principle, and alkaloids occur in the tribe of Helleborea. The Negroes bruise the leaves of Clematis dioica and apply it as a blister. (Pd.) 1. CLEMATIS, L. Sepals corolline, valvate, 4 (-8). Petals none. Achenia numerous, sessile, beaked by the elongated style—Vines (rarely erect herbs), climbing by the petioles ; leaves opposite, ~ 1. ©. dioica, Z. Climbing, pubescent or glabrescent ; leaves ternately divided : seg- | ments ovate, entire; panicles polygamous; sepals cuneate-oblong, spreading, downy ; carpels ellipsoidal, tapering into the long, plumose tail.—S?. ¢. 128. f. 1; Rich. Cub. t. 1.— C. americana, Mili, C. dominica, Lam. C. glabra, DC. C. havanensis, Kih. C. pallida and Catesbyana, Rich. Cub. (non Pursh). C. acapulcensis, H.4./: a form with shaggy car- pels. C. discolor, Gardz./: a form with the leaves downy--beneath.—A shrubby climber ; leaf-segments 14-2" long, variable ; sepals 4"""-6" long, whitish ; carpels usually large, 2!” ~3" long.—Has. Jamaica |, Maef., Dist., Prd., Alex., common on the lower hills; Domi- nica!, Imray ; (Cuba! and Mexico! to the southern tropic in Brazil !]. 2. CG. caripensis, K/h. Climbing, glabrescent ; /eaves pinnatisect, or the divisions of the ternatisect petiole pinnatisect: segments usually 5, ovate, entire, glabrous ; panicles dicecious, puberulous ; sepals ‘oblong, pubescent ;” carpels ellipsoidal or elliptical-lanceolate. —Very similar to the preceding species, and not less widely distributed through the Con- tinent.—Has, Trinidad!, Cr.; [Central America! to Brazil !). 2%, RANUNCULUS, L. Petals 5 (-15), with a nectariferous spot. Seed solitary, erect.—Herbs, 8*, R. repens, L. Perennial; stem furrowed at the top, branched ; leaves tripartite : 4 segments cuneate, incisely toothed ; calyx spreading (or reflexed) ; carpe/s rounded, glabrous, marginate, beaked by the subulate, recurved or straightish style—2chd. Ic. Germ. 3. t. 20. —Petals yellow. Aan B. tropicus. Calyx reflexed; petals 5-10; beak of carpels straightish—R. preemorsus and Bonplandianus, Kth. BR. repens, Magf./ The Jamaica form, which, though growing on the highest mountains, Macfadyen expressly mentions as introduced and escaped from a garden, is quite identical with various specimens from the Andes (viz. R. premorsus, from Quito: Benth. Pl. Hartw. n. 875; the same from Peru; 2. Bonplandianus from Bogota : B 2 2 DILLENIACEZ. Goudot); but the differences from the Ewgopean type, considerable as they appear, are more less annihilated by the souansiecee af the variable states of the North American plant, as defined by Asa Gray, thus exhibiting a remarkable instance of a climatic variety. The large, marginate, somewhat dotted achenia, and the size of their beak, are the same in all forms of the species ; the number of petals increases usually in the R. repens of Texas. The beak becomes straightish in the common form of the United States, and the only diffe- rence between the var. dropicus and the var. marylandieus or other forms of North America, would consist in the usually reflexed calyx.— HB. Jamaica !, Maef., on the Blue Mountains, elev. 5000! ; [Andes of S. America!, on alpine pastures]. 4*, R. parviflorus, Z. Subdecumbent, villous; leaves roundish, 3-5-lobed ; calyz at length reflexed, equalling the petals; carpels roundish, marginate, tuberculate, with a short, usually hooked beak: margin acute——Rchb. Ic. Germ. 3. ¢. 22.—Has. Jamie l, Mazef., naturalized on elevated pastures ; [Europe!, Levant!, S. U. States !, California !). Il, DILLENIACE. Flower-organs distinct from each other. Sepals persistent. Seeds arillate : embryo mi- nute, included in the top of the endosperm.—Leaves penninerved, not divided. Stem in the West Indian genera woody, ; The leaves of the Delimee (which is the tribe of the Order, represented in America) are usually rough with asperities (not with hairs), and used for polishing, as those of Curatelia. No properties but the astringent principle are known. 1. TETRACERA, L. Sepals 5, one exterior, two interior, subvalvate, not exceeding the outer ones. Stamens indefinite : anther-cells minute, divergent. Carpels 2-5 (-1), follicular: seeds 1-5.—Shrobs, usually scandent ; panicle terminal or lateral. 1. T. volubilis, L. (ex syn. Plukn.). Leaves rough, obovate, serrate: serratures re- mote, terminating the 8-16 eqnidistant veins, decreasing towards the leaf-base; panicle loose: branches racemiform; flowers polygamous ; sepals obovate, silky on the inner side ; - carpels one-seeded.—Plukn. Alm. t. 146. f.13; Desc. Fl. 7. t. 459; Rich. Cub. t. 4.—T. Poppigiana, Schlecht.! 'T. jamaicensis, DC. ex Macf. Tigarea aspera, Dese.—Linueus confounded several plants under the above name; but his observation on Plukenet’s figure shows that he had Schlechtendal’s species in view, which, according to Herb. Hook., is the 7. voludilis, L. fil. and Sm. This is the only Dilleniacea in Macfadyen’s Flora, and sent by him to Sir W. Hooker ; but his description and locality also apply to Davilla surinamensis, which he confounded with it. Hence what he says of the leaves and the fruit belong to this, while he describes the calyx of Davilla.—Has, Jamaica!, Macf., in woods; Barbadoes ; (Cuba! and Mexico! to Rio Janeiro!]. 2. 'T. ovalifolia, DC. Leaves rough, obovate or obovate-oblong, entire, retuse or mu- cronate: veins equidistant, 8-12, prominent beneath ; panicle loose: branches short, race- miform; flowers polygamous ; sepals roundish, pubescent and ciliate; carpels one-sceded : arillus large, laciniate.—Dedess. Ic. 1. t. 68.—T. asperula, Mig.—A scandent shrub, similar to the preceding, and variable in the form of its leaves, but without any serratures.—HaB. Trinidad !, Cr.; [Guiana!]. : 2. DAVILLA, Vand. Sepals 5, two exterior, two interior, subvalvate, excrescent, much exceeding the three outer ones, and enclosing the fruit. Stamens indefinite: anther-cells minute, divergent. Carpels | (—8): stigma peltate. Follicle single, rupturing, one-seeded (by abortion of a second ovule).—Scandent shrubs; panicles ¢erminal and axillary: flowers yellow. 3. D. rugosa, Poir. Leaves rough, ovate-oblong, subentire or repand: petiole margi- nate upwards ; panicle constituted ofsterminal and axillary corymbs: pedicels pilose ; inner sepais crustaceous, and at length shining, glabrate.—Dedless. Ic. 1. t.11; Rich. Cub. t. 2, 3. —D. brasiliana, DC. D. surinamensis, Mzg. OD. ciliata, Rich./: the younger plant, with downy iuner sepals. D, Sagreeana, Rich.: a form with broader leaves, and the inflores- ANONACEZ. 3 cence lateral on account of the further development of the climbing stem.—A scandent shrub: the leaves are more oblongate than in Zetracera volubilis, and though veined in a similar way, the serratures are obsolete, or entirely wauting—Has. Jamaica!, Macf., Alex., in woods, ¢.g. S, Thomas in the Vale; Trinidad!, Cr.; [S.Thomas!, Guiana!, Brazil]. 8. CURATELLA, ZL, Sepals 4-5, two exterior not exceeded by the inner ones. Stamens indefinite : anther-cells shortly linear, divergent. Carpeds 2, hispid, cohering at the base on the inner aide, follicu- lar: seeds 2.—A tortuous, low tree; leaves rough, stiff and papery ; flowers white, arranged tn lateral, compound racemes. 4. C. americana, L.—Aud/. ¢. 282. Stem usually 8'-10! high, but there occur dwarfish shrub-forms, scarcely 2' high; leaves oval, crenate or repand, very rough on the upper side ; limb produced along the top of the petiole; flowers of a disagreeable smell—Has. Trini- dad!, Cr.; [Panama! to Brazil!, Isla de Pifios, near Cuba]. 4, DOLIOCARPUS, Rol. Sepals 5. Stamens indefinite: anther-cells minute, divergent. Carpel 1. Pericarp baccate: seeds 1-2, ascending.—Shrubs usually scandent ; leaves without asperities ; flowers Sascicled, lateral. 5. D. semidentatus, Garche! Leaves elliptical or elliptical-oblong, pointleted, ser- rate above the middle, with the serratures mucronate, and terminating the primary veins, glabrous and polished above, Aairy beneath (at least on the ribs) : primary veins 12-16, pro- minent beneath ; flower-fascicles equalling the petiole, hairy ; sepals subequal ; berry globose, glabrous.—Tetracera cuspidata, Mey./ Delima dasyphylla, J/g.—A scandent shrub ; leaves leathery (usually 6” long).—Has. Trinidad!, Cr.; [Panama!, Guiana!]. 6. D. Calinea, Gmel. Leaves oblong, pointed, subentire, glabrous, or with a few ap- pressed hairs on the ribs beneath; primary veins 6~8, prominent beneath; flowers densely glomerate ; pedicels hairy, exceeded by the petiole; sepals 5, two exterior smaller ; berry globose, glabrous.—Aud2. ¢. 221.—D. brevipedicellatus, Garcke!/: with larger serratures above the middle.—A scandent shrub; leaves (8-4 long) either quite entire, or with a few serratures above the middle, shining beneath, with the secondary veins prominulous; petiole 4!"_2"" long; flowers white, polygamous; three larger sepals rounded (14"" diam.), glabrous. —Has, Trinidad!, Or.; [Guiana!, Para !). III. MAGNOLIACE. Flower-organs distinct from each other; outer whorls arranged in a ternary order. Sepals deciduous. Embryo minute, included in the top of the endosperm.—Leaves entire, minutely dotted, mostly with caducous, sheathing stipules. The Order is characterized by aromatic properties, and for these the Colonial physicians make use of Zalauma. 1, TALAUMA, Juss. Sepals 8, coloured. Petals 6-12. Stamens indefinite. Canpels 1—2-seeded, spicate, at length cohering and forming a strobile, which opens by the irregular rupture of its carpellary covering.—High trees ; leaves coriaceous ; flowers large, terminal, solitary. 1. T. Plumieri, DC. Leaves oval-oblong, glabrous ; petals 10-12; strodi/e ovoid, with the rhachis (retaining the seeds) deeply excavated: carpels ovate, bluntish.—Desc. FV. 2. ¢. 103.—Magnolia, Sw./—A tree, often 80! high ; leaves variable in breadth (5"-3", length 6"), rounded or shortly cuneate at the base; petals white, odorous—Has. Dominica], 8. Lucia |, in woods, chiefly on riverbanks; [French Carib. Isl.]. ; IV. ANONACEZ. Flower-organs mostly distinct from each other. Sepals 8. Petals 6, rarely eee to 3B 4 ANONACEZ. 8 (valvate in the West Indian gonera). ‘dmther-ced/s lateral or extrorso. Endosperm rumi- nate, incloding in its top the minute embryo.-—Woody plants; leaves entire, without stipules. The Order has the same aromatic properties as the Magnoliacea. ‘Vhe seeds of Monodora (Calabash Nutmeg*) are compared with the Nutmeg. The wood of Xylopia is called Bitter- wood: the carpids of X. gamaicensis were found bitter and aromatic by Dr. Alexander. The fleshy syncarpia of the Anonew are devoid of aroma, but as eatable fruits they are known as Custard-apples. Some of the most remarkable of these were indigenous in the West Indian Islands, but are now cultivated iu all tropical countries; dAuona squamosa (Sweetsop) and 4. muricata (Soursop) still grow wild in Jamaica; 4. Cherimolia was intro- duced from the Andes. ‘The fruits of some Anone are not eatable: A. montana from its dryness, 4. reticulata and A. palustris from their disagreeable taste. 4. reticulata is, how- ever, a renowned specific against dysentery ; and the seeds of the different species are used to kill vermin, In the fruit of 4. palustris, which affords a choice food to reptiles and crustacea, a narcotic principle was believed to exist; but this is denied by Martius. — The wood of Anonacee is tight and tough; it is used for several purposes, especially that from Rollinia and Oxandra (Lancewood), and that of Anona palustris (Corkwood) is a sub- stitute for Cork, Tue 1. ANONEA—Carpels at length cohering and forming a cone-like syncarpium. —The pollen in a number of species coheres in a peculiar way, so as to form moni- liform pollinaria, 1, ANONA, ZL. Petals 6-8, distinct. Stamens indefinite; connective produced beyond the extrorse an- ther-cells. Carpids one-secded, united in a fleshy syncarpium.—‘Trees or shrubs of Ameri- can origin ; leaves more or less dotted ; flowers terminal or lateral, and opposite to a leaf. The specimens in herbaria afford no good opportunity for ascertaining the amount of variability in the characters of species; but I conclude that no reliance can be laid upon the form of leaves, the size and colour of flowers, and not much upon the down. Sect. 1. GuanaBani.—Petals 6, the interior conspicuous. Leaves evergreen. * Taterior petals pointed, scarcely excceding the interior series. 1. A, muricata, Z. Leaves oblong, at length glabrous; exterior petals broad-ovate, pointed, subcordate at the base, scarcely exceeding the interior, these rounded ; syncarpium irregularly conical, blunt, areolated : the areoles produced into a fleshy, recurved spine.—S/. t. 225; Jacq. Amer. Pict. t.161; Tuss. Fl. 2. t. 24; Desc. Fl. 2. 4. 81.—A low tree, 8/- 20' high ; petals 1-2" long, exterior yellowish or greenish, interior yellow or red; syucar- pium (6"-8" long) yellowish-green, often incurved: pulp white; seeds black or yellow. (Rich.) —Has. Jamaica and Caribbean Islands!, spontaneously and common on polo [it ranges through tropical America, but on the continent is perhaps only cultivated or naturalized], 2. &. montana, Macf, Leaves oblong, at length glabrous ; exterior petals broad-ovate, ointed, tomentose, a little exceeding the interior, these rounded ; syncarpium globose, areo- ted: the areoles produced into a minute, fleshy spinule.—P/um. Ed. Burm. t. 148. f.1.— A. muricata, 8, Duz.—A low tree, 16'-20! high; petals 1” long, exterior grecnish, interior yellow, syncarpium (4/—-5" diam.) not eatable—Has, Jamaical: March, in woods ; Antigua}; [Guadeloupe !, Guiana !]. 3. A. laurifolia, Dun. Leaves lanceolate-obloug, glabrous ; exterior petals broad-ovate, pointed, subcordate at the base, a little exceeding the interior, these rounded ; syncarpium conical, blunt, smooth and without spines.—Catesb. Carol. 2, t. 67.—A shrub, 10'-12! igh ; petals 1” long, exterior greenish on the back. I have only seen an incomplete specimen of this species, from Cuba, and the diagnosis is partly supplied from the figure quoted.—Has. Jamaica, 8. Ann’s (M‘Nab); Bahamas, e.g. Wleuthera Catesh.); [Cubal}. According to a statement in the ‘ Botanical Register’ (t. 1328), this ranges throughout tropical America, and the plant figured there was introduced from Maranhio; that figure, however, may be- * The origin of this precious substance, which is imported from the Delta of the Niger, will be discussed hereafter, and the attention of traders may be directed to this valuable pro- duet of Africa. ‘ANONACEA, 5 long to another species, as 4. /aurifolia has been omitted in Martius’s ‘Flora Brasiliensis,’ the figure farther differing by its yellow flowers from that of Catesby, and the fruit has not been observed. Catesby’s other figure (Lc. t. 64), which is the only existing authority for A. glabra, I., has no flower nor habitat (so that the common assertion that it wag a native of Carolina, is only an old mistake), but the fruit is quite the same with that of t. 67, of which it is probably only a broader-leaved form. But as De Candolle, under the head of 4. glabra, has described the flowers of another species, with blunt petals, which was perhaps nothing but 4. palustris, the Linnzan name of A. glabra, instead of being substituted for 4. laurifolia, is better entirely suppressed. ** Exterior petals eaceeding the interior series, _ 4, &. palustris, Z. Leaves oblong or elliptical, pointed, glabrous; exterior petals ovate, bluntish, exceeding the interior, these oblong ; syncarpium ovate-globose, smooth, slightly arcolated.— Bot. Mag, t. 4226.—A low tree, 6'-15' high; exterior petals 4” long, yellow, ‘with a red blotch at the base within, interior almost wholly red on the inner side; syncar- pium (2" diam.) yellowish: pulp golden-yellow; seeds yellow.—Has. Jamaica!, Wils., on the marshy seashore and river-banks; Antigua!, Nichols; [Cubal to Rio Janiero, along the coast ; Niger !]. + A. mucosa, Jacq, Leaves oblong, taper-pointed, glabrous; exterior petals oblong, blunt, double the length of the interior, these rounded; syncarpiwm subglobose, tuberculate: tu- bercles fleshy, rounded, somewhat gibbous.—Zuss, FU. 1. ¢. 28.—A. obtusiflora, Twss.—A low tree; exterior petals 4-1" long, greenish, interior reddish; syncarpium (4 diam.) greenish: seeds black.—1Ias. (Guadeloupe!, Martinique ; Guiana). Sect. 2. Atra.—Petals 3, the interior series being reduced to minute scales, or wanting. Leaves somewhat deciduous. (Macf.) 5. A. sericea, Dun. Leaves oblong, downy beneath with appressed, minute hairs; petals broad-ovate, thick, bluntish, downy; syncarpium globose, tuberculate: tubercles hooked.— Dun, Anon. t. 5.—A low tree, 10'-20" high; petals 4” long; syncarpium (1" diam.) tomen- tose.—Has. Jamaical, Aler., Wils., in the eastern districts ; [Guiana!, equatorial Brazil !]. 6. A. squamosa, J. Leaves lanceolate-oblong, glaucous and pubescent beneath, or glabrate ; petals oblong-linear, keeled on the inner side, blunt; syxcarpium ovoid-globose, tuberculate: tubercles prominent, fleshy, rounded.—S/. ¢. 227; Jacg. Ic. Amer. Pict. t. 161; Tuss. Fl. 8. t. 4; Bot. Mag. ¢. 3095.—A. cinerea, Dun. (¢. 8). Av buthatay Tek ~ i: an 24 BIXINEEZ. precocious, shaggy ; pedicels short, articulated below the middle ; segments of calyx 4-5, oblong-lanceolate, blunt ; stamens 8; fruit ovoid, shaggy.—A shrub or tree, nearly allied to the preceding, but distinguished by the leaves more dotted, and with distant serratures or without any; calyx white, 2"-3"" long. The style has been erroneously described as trifid by Swartz and by Macfadyen.—Hasz. Jamaica!, Pd., Macf., Alex., March, common on mountain pastures ; [Cuba !]. 15. G. ramiflora, Vahl. Leaves glabrous, elliptical-oblong or elliptical, serrulate- crenate or subentire : pellucid dots and lines numerous ; stipules linear, equalling the petiole ; flower-fascicles lateral, precocious; pedicels equalling the flower, articulated at the middle ; segments of calyx puberulous, ovate-oblong, blunt; stamens 8; fruit globose, glabrous.-—— Aubl. t. 12%.—A shrub or tree, 6'-20! high, very fragrant ; leaves shining and more rigid than in the preceding, usually blunt, tapering at the base; serratures with an appressed point ; calyx white, 2!" long; fruit 4!" diam. a, Leaves oblongate (3"—-5" long) ; branches unarmed. B. spinosa, W. Leaves elliptical (1"-2" long); branches sometimes spinescent.—C. odorata, Macf—Has. Jamaica!, Maef., March, common in thickets, on pastures of the hills; [Cuba! to Bahial]. 16. C. nitida, Jacq. Leaves glabrous, ovate or oblong, serrulate-crenate or subentire : pellucid dots numerous; stipules ovate, small ; flowers corymbose, axillary and appearing with the leaves; pedicels articulated below the middle; segments of calyx ovate, rounded ; stamens 8-10, subexserted ; fruit ovoid, glabrous.—Br. Jam. ¢. 23. f.3: flos. Jacg. Amer. Pict. ¢. 126. Somyda, L.; Lam. Cas. corymbosa, Kth. (ea specitm. Goudot.).—A shrub, 6'-15' high; leaves shining, blunt at the top, variable in the form and the serratures = petiole long, but exceeded by the corymb; calyx white, puberulous; fruit 4/"_6"" long, purple—Has. Jamaica !, Macf., March; (Mexico! to Venezuela! and New Granada !j., 8. GUIDONIA, Gr. (Samyda, sect, Guidonia, DC.) Calyx 5-4-partite, corolline, marcescent: segments imbricate. Petals 0. Stamens definite, 8-10, inserted upon the inner side of a cupuliform, and at the base, perigyuous tube, alternating with its ciliate crenatures: anthers roundish. Ovary unilocular, with 3 placentas. Pericarp fleshy, dehiscent: seeds arillate——Shrubs or trees; leaves of Case- aria ; flowers axillary, shortly stalked. 17. G. spinescens, Gr. Leaves lanceolate-oblong, serrate, glabrous above, glabrescent beneath : pellucid dots numerous, lines rare ; stipules subulate ; flowers glomerate or subso- litary, pubescent ; segments of calyx 4-5, roundish ; stamens 8-10; crenatures of the disc broad, truncate.—Samyda, Sw. Casearia brevipes, Benth—A shrub; branchlets leafy, tomentose and glabrescent, at length sometimes spinescent; leaves with appressed, mucro- nate or obsolete serratures: base and top pointed or blunt; calyx expanded, whitish, 4!”—-6"" diam.; anthers just exceeding the crenatures of the disc; ovary pubescent: style simple ; stigma capitate; pericarp ovoid—Has. Trinidad !: ZLockh., Cr., on dry savannahs ; (Cuba! to Guiana !]. t H ‘ Vit for atarng 2” S ene atid. hia PMC fe Calyz 5-6-fid, corolline, marcescent : lobes imbricate. Petals 0. Stamens definite, 10-18, monadelphous, all fertile, perigynous: anthers roundish, inserted upon the crena- tures of the staminal tube. Ovary unilocular, with 3 (—4) placentas: style simple. Pericarp fleshy, dehiscent: seeds arillate—Shrubs ; leaves of Casearia: stipules minute; flowers larger than in Casearia, axillary, solitary or a few fascicled: pedicel short or none. 18. S. glabrata, Sw. Leaves leathery, oblong, entire or obsoletely serrulate, glabrous : pellucid dots and lines distant ; flowers campanulate, exceeding the petiole, pubescent ; stamens 10-12, exceeded by the style-——Vent. Choix, t. 48.—S. spinulosa, Vent.—A shrub 5'-12! high ; branchlets pubescent; leaves 3-5" long; flowers solitary or a few in the axil, subsessile or shortly stalked ; calyx greenish-white, 7!"-8" long: lobes ovate, blunt expanded ; fruit “size of a plum, subglobose.”—-Has. Jamaica!: Dist., Wils., Al. in woods; [Portorico, St. Thomas]. : VIOLACEA. ? 95 19. S. serrulata, Z. Leaves soft, oblong or elliptical, serrate, pubescent or glabrate above, velvety beneath; flowers campanulate, pubescent ; atamens 10-12.—Plum. ed. Burm. 4.146. 7.2; Bot. Mag. ¢. 550.—S. pubescens, Z., partim. S, rosea, Sims: the form with red and fascicled flowers—A shrub ; leaves 2"-4" long, variable in being pointed or blunt, in the size and number of the mucronate serratures, and in the down of the upper side ; flowers solitary or fascicled; calyx white or red, 6/!-8!! long: lobes blunt.—Has. Ja- maica!: Mareh, in the mountains; S. Vincent; Trinidad!: Sieh, HO. Trin. 46 3 (Haiti). 10. SADYMIA, G. (Samydee sp., Sw.) Calyx 5-fid, corolline: lobes imbricate. Petals 0. Stamens definite, 10, distinct, all fertile, perigynous : filaments very short, inserted upon the throat of the calyx-tube; anthers oblong. Ovary unilocular, with 3 (-4) placentas: stigma peltate, subsessile. “‘ Pericarp fleshy, dehiscent: seeds arillate.’—A shrub; leaves of Casearia : stipules minute; flowers axillary, solitary, subsessile. al. S. villosa, Gr—Samyda, Sw./—A low, pubescent shrub; leaves (2"'-3! long, 8""-12" broad) oblong, or elliptical, pointed, soft, hairy on both sides, and shaggy with a- rusty down on the nerves beneath, either subentire or serrate, with the serratures bluntish, shortly petioled : pellucid dots numerous, lines rare; flowers rather small (2! Jong), pubes- cent, “white;” calyx 5-fid to the middle, infundibuliform : lobes oblong, blunt, furnished at the base and above the staminal insertion-line with a few small glands; anthers oblong, yellow, scarcely exceeded by the calyx-lobes.—Has. Jamaica!, in the mountains: Sw. XV. LACISTEME, Flowers amentaceous, apetalous. Calyx 4(—6)-partite, corolline. Stamen single, hypo- gynous, inserted within a dise. Pisé¢i/ paracarpous. Embryo included in the axis of fleshy endosperm : cotyledons foliaceous.—Woody plants ; leaves xot divided, dotted with minute points: stipules deciduous ; catkins axillary ; bracts furnished with 2-4 accessory, lateral bracteoles. 1. LACISTEMA, Sw. Bracts including a single, hermaphrodite flower: bracteoles 2. Anther-celds distinct. Pericarp baccate, not dehiscent.—Shrubs or trees. 1. L. myricoides, Sw./ Leaves elliptical-oblong, glabrous, quite entire; catkins sessile, aggregate, equalling the petiole; stigmas 2-3, sessile—Act. Helvet. 7. t.10; Sw. Fi. t. 21: flos. Rudg. Guian, t. 4. Piper aggregatum, Berg. P. fasciculare, Rudg.— A shrub or middle-sized tree ; leaves 4"—-6" long: petiole 4-6" long ; catkins 3-9, cylin- drical; bracts roundish, somewhat exceeded by the linear bracteoles ; calyx white : seg- meuts oblong-lanceolate, shorter than the bract ; dise membranaceous, cupuliform ; stamen exceeding the~bract; anther bipartite: divisions roundish, with a single, introrse cell; ovary ovoid, with 2-3 parietal placentas : stigmas linear, recurved, short ; ovules numerous; berry ovoid, 4!" long —Haz. Jamaica!, Al., Wils., March; Trinidad!, Lockh., Pd., Cr.; (Cuba!; Panama! to Brazil !]. XVI. VIOLACEA. Stamens 5, hypogynous: anther-cells adnate, introrse, exceeded by the membranaceous connective. Prstid paracarpous: placentas 3; style simple; ovules usually anatropous. Pericarp mostly dehiscent, medianicide. Eméryo included in the axis of fleshy endosperm : cotyledons mosily flat.—Leaves stipulate, involute during deve‘opment. : ; The Order contains an acrid, usually emetic principle, used in medicine, from Viola tri- color and Lonidium strictum. 1. CORYNOSTYLIS, Mart. (1824.) . , (Calyptrion, Ging. 1824.) Sepals 5. Petals, asymmetrical: anterior long-spurred, two posterior small. Anthers a 26. * DROSERACEA. triadelphous, produced at the base: appendage bearded. Style clavate: stigma lateral. Capsule woody: seeds flat.—Twining shrubs: stipules deciduous; corymbs terminal: pedicels elongated, articulated above two bracteoles. 1, CG. Hybanthus, Mart. Leaves ovate, serrulate, glabrous or glabrescent beneath ; sepals blunt ; spur subcylindrical, blunt, three times as long as the flower.—Mart. Nov. Gen. 1. 4.17, 18.—Viola, Aubl. Mey. Fl. Esseq.! Calyptrion Aubletii, Ging. C. nitidum, Benth.!: a form with smaller flowers. Coryn. Benthamii, Wadp.—a vine, variable in the form of the leaves, in their margin being serrate or repand and subentire, in the spur being either slender or cylindrical, and, constricted in the middle, and in the size of the flower ; flowers white ; sepals 1-2!" long, ovate or oblong; spur usually 1” long, horizontal—Has. S. Vincent !, Guild.; [Tabasco!, Guiana!, equatorial Brazil !]. 2. VIOLA, L. Sepals 5, produced at the base. Petals 5, asymmetrical: the anterior spurred or saccate. Anthers connivent or coherent, 2 anterior tailed at the base—Herbs; stipules persestend ; peduncles axillary, one-flowered. 2. 'V. stipularis, Sw. Leaves elliptical or elliptical-lanceolate, pointed: serratures blunt, appressed; stipules erect, oblong-lanceolate, taper-pointed, fimbriate, 2-4 témes exceeding the petiole ; peduncles half the length of the leaf; flowers cernuous; spur very short; stigma minute, lateral—Habit of V. rubella, Cav.; stem perennial, with solitary flowers from the upper axils; leaves glabrous: stipules 8" long, long-ciliate ; flowers small, blue.—Has. S. Kitts; [Martinique !, Sted. Mart., 288; Venezuela!). 3*, V. tricolor, Z. Annual; stem diffuse; leaves ovate or lanceolate; upper stipules runcinately pinnatifid ; stigma urceolate-—Has. Naturalized in the mountains of Jamaica (Macfad.); (introduced from Europe into both temperate zones of America, and into the mountains of warmer countries]. 3. IONIDIUM, Veni. Sepals 5. Petals 5, asymmetrical: the anterior largest, labelliform, clawed: claw con- cave or shortly gibbous. -duthers connivent: two anterior furnished with a gland at the base.—Herbs or shrubs; leaves usually narrow; peduncles axillary, articulated above the middle ; flowers nodding. 4, I. strictum, Vent. Inferior leaves opposite, oblanceolate, serrate, superior lanceo- late-linear, bluntish, alternate; stipules minute, subulate, rigid; peduncles equalling the leaves; sepals ovate-lanceolate, pointed, three times exceeded by the labellum; limb of the labellum rounded; seeds glabrous.—I. linarifolium, Vewé. I. suffruticosum, Wichstr.—An annual, diffuse herb, or suffrutescent, glabrescent ; leaves with remote serratures, or upper ones entire ; sepals 1!” long, glabrous; capsule few-seeded: seeds globose, yellowish-white.— Has. Antigua!, Michols., in cultivated grounds ; [Cuba! to Guadeloupe; Mexico]. 4, ALSODEIA, Thou. Sepals 5. Petals 5, symmetrical, spreading at the top. Anthers ligulate—Shrubs or trees; flowers usually racemose. 5. A. flavescens, Spr. Leaves opposite, ovate, pointleted, subentire; racemes simple. puberulous: pedicels equalling the flower ; filaments very short, much exceeded by the con- nivent anthers.— —f-4: mala; Tuss. Fl. 4. t.9; Dese. Fl. 2. #, 80.—O, nucifera, Sw.—A tree of various height; drupe yellow, globose, furrowed, 14!’ diam.—Has. Jamaica!, M‘Nab, Wils., common; [Guiana]. 96. O. diandra, LZ. Shrubby, trailing, pubescent; Zeaves oblong, oval, cordate, pudes- cent beneath, biglandular above at the base; anthers 2—Aubi. ¢. 328.—O. cordata, Sw. —I have seen only continental specimens, and doubt its being distinct from the preceding. —Has. Jamaica, Sw., on rocks; (Guiana!, equatorial Brazil !'. 34, EXCQICARIA, Z. Flowers naked, or usually with the calyx represented by a variable number of bracteoles. Stamens 2-4 (1-16), distinct: anthers globose, extrorse. Styles 8, often united below: branches simple. Capsule 3-coccous. Seeds carunculate, smooth, globose or ovoid.— Woody plants; racemes amentiform, usually androgynous, with the 9 flowers inferior. Baillon has united this genus partly with Sapiam, from which it is distinguished chiefly by the seeds, as also by the distinct stamens, if we adopt the hypothetical view that the organ, regarded here as a pedicel, be a column in Sapium. According to the views of former authors, there would be as many genera as there are West Indian species of Excecaria, but I adopt Bentham’s view of the matter, and reduce to Erewcaria my Actinostemog caribeus. Gymnanthes hypoleuca, Benth., is identical with my other Guadeloupe species (E. farinosa). ‘Sect. 1. GymnantHes.—Flowers monacious: 8 bracts 8-flowered ; 2 flowers long-pedi- cellate. Seeds globose: caruncle pileiform. 97. Ez. lucida, Sw. Glabrous ; leaves lanceolate or lanceolate-elliptical, remotely serrate or subentire; aments eglandular, sessile; 3 flowers 3-2-androus, naked, unibracteolate : filaments as long as the anther; @ flower subsolitary, basilar or distinct, inferior, 3-bracteolate : its pedicel nearly as long as the ament.—JJuss. Euph. ¢. 55 : analyt,—Gymnanthes, Sio.—A shrub, said to be poisonous; leaves shining above, green beneath; seeds 13!" diam., black : caruncle distinct, pale—Has. Jamaica!, Macf,, Pd., March, along the scashore; Antigua! Nichols. ; [Cuba!, Guadeloupe !]. nee : : : aa? EUPHORBIACEA. 51 Sect. 2. ActinosteMon.— Flowers monacious: 8 bracts 2-5-flowered; $ flowers long- ae solitary in the axils. Seeds cubical, with rounded angles: caruncle obsolete. 98. E. caribeea, Griseb. Glabrous; leaves lanceolate-obloug, pointed, minutely sub- cordate at the tapering, petioled base, quite entire, biglandular at the base beneath; ¢ aments axillary enclosed within integuments, sessile, eglandular : central flowers tetrandrous; ? flowers in different axils : style 3-fidActinostemon, Grised. Carib.—A leafy shrub ; leaves leathery ; seeda 2!" diam.—Hax. Antigua!, Wudischi. ; [Guadeloupe !]. Sect. 3. Hypasprp1a.— Towers diecious: $ bracts one-flowered, raised to the top of the short pedicel: anthers opening obliquely by an oval pore ; 9 flowers in axillary racemes : bracts basilar, Seeds ovoid: caruncle minute. 99. E. tinifolia, Sw. Glabrous; leaves ovate or oval, blunt, remotely and obsoletely serrulate, or subentire; aments eglandular, sessile; $ flowers 3-androus, naked, bibracteo- late : filaments shorter than the globose anther; ? flowers shortly pedicellate, 3-bracteolate : styles reflexed.—Gymnanthes elliptica, Sw.—A shrub, 12'-14! high ; leaves shining, leathery, 3"-1" long; seeds 14” long, brown—Has. Jamaica!, Macf., Pd., Al., March, in the mountains; [Veracruz !]. ’ Sect. 4. Apenasprpia.— Flowers monecious: 8 bracts 3-5-flowered ; 9 flowers sessile. Seeds globose: caruncle very minute, papilliforin. 100. E. glandulosa, Si. Glabrous; leaves elliptical, pointleted, subentire; aments shortly peduncled, glandular on the back of the incurved ¢ bracts; ¢ flowers 2(—3)-an- drous, naked, bracteolate at the base of the pedicel and obsoletely unibracteolate at its top: filaments shorter than the anthers; 9 flowers 1-8, tribracteolate, inferior in the same ament or distinct: styles reflexed.—SV. ¢. 158. f. 2.—A middle-sized tree ; leaves 3" long, polished ; seeds 13!" diam., blotched: caruncle like a pin’s head—Has. Jamaica!, Sw., Al., March, in woods, e.g. S, Ann’s. 8 8 Sustripe 7. HUPHORBIEZ.— Inflorescence androgynous, involucrate : flowers apetalous, or naked. 35. DALECHAMPIA, Z. Involuere 2-phyllous, stipulate ; involucels separating the flowers of both sexes: ¢ flowers umbellate, central: calyx 4-5-partite, valvate, polyandrous; 9 flowers 3, lateral, subsessile : calyx 5-12-partite: style long, subentire. Capsule 3-coccous. Seeds subglobose, ecarun- culate.—Shrubs, usually climbing; leaves stipulate and usually ‘stipellate; flower-heads peduncled, included within the involucre, 2 101. D. scandens, LZ. Leaves deeply 3-fid, cordate at the base, pubescent beneath : lobes elliptical-oblong, pointleted, serrulate : stipules lanceolate, acuminate ; involucral leaves green, 3-fid, 5-nerved, hairy; 9 calyx 10-partite—Jacg. Amer. Pict. t. 239.—A twining shrub.— Has. Antigua!, Nichols. ; Dominica!, Jmr.; Trinidad!, Cr.; [Haiti; Panama; Venezuela !]. 102. D. pruriens, Gr. (x. sp.). Leaves deeply 3-fid, cordate at the base, hispidulous- pubescent beneath: lobes ovate, pointleted, serrulate: stipules lanceolate-linear ; zxvolucral deaves large, roundish, membranaceous, tomentose, 3-dentate at the top, subentire on the margin, 7-9-nerved; 9 calyx 10-partite: segments ciliate with spinules, and bearing, to- gether with the capsule, yellow, stinging bristles.—Allied to D. colorata, L., and D. peru- viana, Lam., but distinguished by the leaves minutely serrulate and the involucral leaves snbentire.—A twining shrub: branchlets hoary-pubescent ; involucral leaves at length 13! diam.: nerves and transverse veins prominulous; spinules of the 9 calyx 1" long, spread- ing-recurved to the exterior side of the segments: bristles 4!’ long—Has. Trinidad!, Cr. 386. PEDILANTHUS, Neck. Involucre bilabiate, including indefinite g, and one central flower: the exterior leaf shorter, gibbous, bearing 4 glands on the inner side at its base: of flowers naked, reduced to a single articulated stamen, ? pedicellate, with an obsolete calyx. Sty/e entire: stigmas E 2 %. 52 EUPHORBIACEA, 3, short. Capsule 3-coccous. Seeds carunculate.—Shrubs ; leaves fleshy, alternate ; flower- heads cymose: involucre red. 103. P. tithymaloides, Pott. Leaves ovate-roundish, elliptical, or spathulate-lanceolate, keeled on the midrib beneath ; ovary glabrous, exserted ; capsule devoid of horns. a, Leaves ovate-roundish.— Jacq. Amer. Pict. ¢. 188.—Euphorbia, Jacg. 8. padifolius, Poit. Leaves elliptical, pointed usually at both ends.—Bot. Reg. ¢. 8873 Bot. Mag. t. 2514.—P. carinatus, Spr. P. tithymaloides, var. anacampseroides, Port. Euphorbia carinata, Bot. Mag. y. angustifolius, Poit. Leaves spathulate-lanceolate——Povt. in Ann. Mus. 19. t. 19. f. _2.—Has. Jamaica!, Dist. (y), ou rocks along the seacoast; S. Vincent!, Gud/d. (6), and other Caribbean islands, Jacg. (a); [Venezuela]. 37. EUPHORBIA, L. Involucre calyciform, shortly 5-4-fid, and usually glanduliferous between the lobes, inclu- ding indefinite ¢ and one central 9 flower. Flowers and capsules as in Pedilanthus, but styles 3, mostly bifid.— Flower-heads usually in umbelliform cymes, rarely polygamous by abortion. § 1. Succulent, aphyllous shrubs. 104, E. alata, Hook./ Unarmed, articulated, branched : Jranches opposite or whorled, oblong-linear, complanate-2-winged ; umbels contracted, terminal and lateral, bibracteate, twice (or once) 3-rayed: universal ones sessile, partial shortly pedicellate; involucre few- flowered, with 5 petaloid appendages and fringed interior lobes.—Hook. Jc. ¢. 700.—Habit of Viscum opuntioides: woody below: internodes 2/'-8" long, 2" broad—Han. Jamaica !, Pd., in rocky woods, Manchester. § 2. Shrubs; leaves opposite or whorled, long-petioled, equal at the base, quite entire: petiole articulated at the sheathing base: stipules glanduliform, inconspicuous. 105. E. nudiflora, Jacg. Branches cylindrical, with distant, deciduous foliage; leaves opposite (or ternate), ovate, elliptical, or elliptical-lanceolate, bluntish, glabrous or subciliate ; cymes terminal and axillary, subsessile, several times dichotomous ; involucre with 5 peta- loid, crenate appendages and fringed interior lobes ; capsule glabrous, long-exserted, nodding ; seeds ecarunculate, ovoid-oblong, irreguldrly wrinkled-tubercled.—Jacg. Ic. Rar. t. 479.— E. graminea, Sw. (non Lin.).—A dichotomous or trichotomous shrub, 10/-1! high, leaves 2"-1" long: petiole 6-4" long, usually as long as the cymes; seeds 1 long—Haz. Ja- maica!, A/., March, Wils., common on limestone; S. Vincent!, Gudld.; [Mexico !]. / 106. E. cotinifolia, Z. Branches cylindrical, thickened at the nodes; leaves opposite or ternate, ovate or ovate-roundish, bluntish, subcordate at the base, glabrons, glaucous beneath, as long as or exceeded in length by the petiole; cymes terminal, peduncled, tricho- tomous ; involucre with 5 petaloid, quite entire appendages, and cut interior lobes; capsule glabrous; seeds ecarunculate, ovoid, irregularly wrinkled—Hook. Evot. t. 59.—A high shrub ; leaves 2"-1" long: petiole 8"~1" long, with stipular glands at the node.—Has. Bar- badoes!, Lane; Trinidad!, Lockh.; [Venezuela!, New Granada!, Guiana !]. § 8. Shrubs; leaves opposite or whorled, shortly petioled, inserted on the inner side of a spreading stipular sheath. : 107. EB. vaginulata, Gr. (x. sp.). Branchlets densely ringed with aphyllous, ciliolate, bilobed sheaths ; leaves opposite or ternate, inserted into the uppermost or superior sheaths, small, fleshy, spathulate-linear, quite entire, glabrous, or with a few hairs on the midrib be- neath, much longer than the puberulous petiole; peduncles simple, short, terminal ; involucre with minute, rounded appendages ; capsule glabrous, nodding: styles simple; seeds ecaruncu- late, globose, smooth, ash-colour, red.—A low, branched shrub: nodes annular, 2-4" distant from each other; branchlets 2" long, covered entirely with the roynded, spreading’ sheaths, or the uppermost internodes sometimes developed : leaves 2" long, }""' broad, veinless : pe- tiole scarcely exserted from the sheath; peduncles almost wholly immersed in the upper- most sheath , involucral glands blackish, contiguous, ‘a little exceeded by the cut lobes ; pedicel - of ? exserted; capsule scarcely 1" diam., contracted in the sutures.—Has. Turk Islands! Hjalm, , - EUPHORBIACEA. 53 § 4. Shrubs or herbs ; leaves opposite, shortly petioled, usually oblique at the base: stipules interpetiolar, united. + Shrubs or perennial herbs. 108. E. articulata, Burm. Shrubby, dichotomous, glabrous; leaves oblong-linear, Slunt, mucronulate, or oval and oval-lanceolate, quite entire, glaucous beneath, distant : stipules 8-angular, deciduous ; peduncles alar and axillary, simple, subsolitary, exceeding the petiole, nodding; involucre with 4 rounded glands and villous interior lobes; capsule gla- brous ; seeds . ..—Plum. Ed. Burm. t. 281. f. 2.—H. linearis, Retz — An arborescent shrub, 10'-18' high; larger leaves 1" long; pedicel as long as the peduncle-—Has. Antigua!, Wulls ; (S. Thomas, Guadeloupe !, on the seashore]. : 109. E. myrtifolia, Z. Shrubby, glabrous or glabrate; Zeaves oval or oval-roundish, obsoletely emarginate, quite entire, or serrulate above, glaucous beneath: stipules 3-angular, deciduous ; peduncles alar and axillary, simple, solitary, very short; involucre as long as the peduucle, few-flowered, with 4 rounded glands, and villous iuterior lobes; capsule hairy ; seeds ecarunculate, ovoid, transversely wrinkled—1/-2' high: branches virgate, alternate ; leaves 6"'-4"" long, oblique at the base; ? flower shortly exserted—Hax. Jamaica!, 4/., in the upper region of the Blue Mountains. 110. E. buxifolia, Lam. Shrubby, glabrous; leaves ovate, pointed, quite entire: sti- pules 3-angular, laciniate on the margin; peduncles alar and axillary, simple, crowded at the top of the branches, exceeded by the leaves; involucre with 5-4, rounded, glandular, peta- loid appendages, and fimbriate interior lobes; capsule glabrous; seeds ecarunculate, subglo- bose, nearly smooth.—Desc. Fi. 6. ¢. 418.—E. glabrata, V., Sw.: the common form, with approximate, subcomplicate leaves.—1' high: branches ascending, virgate; leaves 6!-3!" long, rounded or semicordate at the slightly oblique base——Has. Bahamas!, Swazms.; Ja- maica!, all collectors, on the rocky seashore; S. Vincent!, Guéld.; [Bermudas!, Florida!, Cuba!, Guadeloupe !, Honduras !, Venezuela!]. 111. EB. flexuosa, Kth. Suffrutescent, glabrous; leaves oval-oblong, semicordate at the base, rounded at the mucronulate top, obsoletely crenulate above, or quite entire: stipules 38-angular, laciniate on the margin; peduncles alar and axillary, simple, solitary; involucre with 5-4 glands and fimbriate interior lobes; capsule glabrous ; seeds ecarunculate, sub- globose, obsoletely wrinkled—Branches fragile, ascending, flexuous, dichotomous above, 4! high; leaves 6!"-4" long, distant: petiole as long as the basilar auricula—Has. Trinidad}, Pd., on the seashore; [Venezuela]. 112. BE. serpens, Kh. Suffrutescent or herbaceous, prostrate, glabrous; /eaves oval- roundish, oblique at the base, rounded at the top, quite entire, or crenulate: stipules 3-an- gular, usually laciniate on the margin; peduncles alar and axillary, simple, solitary (‘ or ter- nate”); involucre with 5-4 glands, which have usually a narrow petaloid margin; capsule glabrous; seeds ecarunculate, subtetragonal, smooth.—E. centunculoides, Kt#.—Allied to E. herniarioides, Nuéé., but perennial.— Palmar, cespitose ; leaves ag long.—Has. Ba. hamas!, Swains.; Antigua; [Cuba!, Venezuela]. 2+ ab tote , Borsa - fee pl E. dioica, Kth. (E. centunculoides, Pepp. Cub.!), is a similar perenvial species, but distin- guished by larger, symmetrical, petaloid appendages, and transversely wrinkled seeds. +t Annual weeds. 118. EB. maculata, L. (var. thymifolia, L.). Annual, espitose, prostrate, pubescent ; leaves oblong, blunt, oblique at the base, serrulate above ; involucres clustered: peduncles as long as the petiole; petaloid appendages minute; capsule hairy ; seeds ecarunculate, sharply tetragonal, transversely rugulose-keeled : keels about four, obtuse, and angles entire—Jacq. Vind. t. 186.—E. maculata, 3, P/. Carib. E. Burmanniana, Gay.—Leaves 2!"-4!" lous. , The original FZ. maculata, L. (a, y, Pl. Carib., I. depressa, Torr.), or the United States form, has longer (4-6!) leaves.—Has. Jamaica!, Macf., to Trinidad !, Lane ; [all tropical countries ; a in the United States !]. 114, E. prostrata, 4i¢. Annual, cxspitose, glabrate or pubescent; leaves obovate or oval-oblong, rounded at the top, oblique at the base, subserrulate above ; involucres elus- tered: peduncles as long as the petiole; petaloid appendages minute ; capsule slightly hairy ; seeds ecarunculate, pale, sharply tetragonal, trausversely keeled: heels about six, argute- mn H 4 54 CARYOPHYLLEA. Jiliform: angles subcrenate.—E. maculata, 8, Pi. Carib. E. callitrichoides, Kth., e¢ tenella, Kth. sec. Engelm.—Haz. Jamaica !, Dist., March, to Trinidad |, Lockh., Or.; (Louisiana! o Panama!, Cuba!, Canary Islands!, Nubia!]. _ 114. E. pilulifera, Z. Annual, diffuse or erect, pubescent; leaves semiovate or ovate- lanceolate, pointed, oblique at the base, serrate; cymes axillary and terminal, contracted : pe- duncles exceeding the petiole; involucre with minute, rounded glands; capsule hairy ; seeds ecarunculate, pale, tetragonal, transversely rugulose : wrinkles about six, obtuse.—Dese. Fi. 4-8. t. 227.—E. hirta, D. E. obliterata, Jacg., Sv.—Leaves 6!"-12" long.—Has. Jamaica!, Macf., Dist., March; Antigua!, Dominica!, 8. Vincent!, Gudld.; Trinidad!, Schach, Cr., (Cuba! and Mexico! to Buenos Ayres!, and all other tropical countries]. 116. E. hypericifolia, Z. Annual, erect or ascending; leaves oblong or lanceolate, oblique at the base, serrulate or repand; cymes terminal, and the axillary ones exserted ; in- volucre with the rounded glandular appendages often petaloid; capsule obtuse-angled, with 8 filiform keels; seeds ecarunculate, blackish, obtusely tetragonal, transversely wrinkled : v wrinkles about three to four, obsolete. —SI. t. 126.—Stem 1!-3! high, at length suffratescent; leaves 1-2" long; cymes loose or contracted; petaloid margin of the appendages broad or obsolete. a. Glabrous; leaves oblong or oblong-linear, blunt; capsule glabrous, B. hyssopifolia, L. Glabrous; leaves lanceolate, tapering towards the pointed or bluatish top; capsule smooth, y. lasiocarpa, Ki, Stems villous above; leaves oblong, blunt; cymes contracted ; capsule villous.—E. Berteriana, Bald., Gr. Pl. Carib —Has, Jamaica}, all collectors, common (a, 8,7) to Trinidad !, Zockh., Cr. (a and 8); [United States! to Chili!, Australia !, Verona !, Sicily !, Madeira !]. § 4. Shrubs or herbs ; leaves exstipulate, inferior aliernate ; involucres in a terminal cluster. 117. E. punicea, Ait. Shrubby, glabrous; leaves lanceolate, quite entire, coriaceous ; bracts crimson, interior 2-3, ovate-roundish, much exceeding the terminal, 5-rayed eluster ; involucre with 5-6, rounded, flat glands; seeds .. —Sm. Ic. Pict. t.3; Jacq. Ic. Rar. t. 484; Dese. Fl. 3. ¢. 194.—15'-20! high; leaves 6-1" long; interior bracts 12"—-8" long. —Has. Babamas!, Swains.; Jamaica!, Wils., in rocky mountains; [Cuba!). 118. EB. heterophylla, £. Annual (or biennial), glabrous or puberulous; leaves dif- form, ovate, fiddle-shaped, and linear; involucres pedicellate, with 5 incised lobes: glands >, eyathiform, sessile, 5—1 (or abortive); seeds subglobose, tubercled: caruncle very minute.— An erect or ascending, very polymorphous herb ; leaves quite entire, or serrate-sinuate, upper ones and bracts usually with a red blotch. : a, Leaves either all linear, entire, or most of them ovate, serrate, with the bracts linear. —Plum. Ed. Burm. t. 251. f. 3: the latter form. B. cyathophora, Jacq. Leaves fiddle-shaped, with two large teeth, or ovate, entire ; bracts lanceolate.—Jacg. Ic. Rar. t. 480: a higher, suffrutesceut form. _Y. prunifolia, Jacq. Leaves ovate or elliptical, serrate, long-petioled, uppermost opposite ; bracts ovate-lanceolate.—Jacg. Schenbr. ¢. 277.—Has. Bahamas!, Swains.; Jamaica!, Wils., March (a, y); Trinidad!, Cr. (vy); [Minois! to Peru!]. § 5. Leaves exstipulate, alternate below the umbellate inflorescence. 119*. BE. Peplus, Z. Annual, glabrous; leaves obovate, petioled, quite entire; umbel , 8-rayed ; glands of the involucre bicornute ; capsule glabrous: cocci 2-keeled; seeds carun- » * culate, subhexagonal: 4 dorsal facets 4-pitted, 2 anterior channelled with a longitudinal groove.—Has. Naturalized in Jamaica!, March ; [introduced from Europe]. XX. CARYOPHYLLEA, [Portulacese, icoidese.] Ovary unilocular, with a central placenta, or syncarpous: styles mostly several. Embryo excentrical: perisperm central, mealy.—Herbs, with tumid nodes ; leaves quite entire, usu~ ally opposite. N CARYOPHYLLEA, 55 Mallugo bellidifolia is used, like Saponaria, as a resolvent, and Trianthema is mentioned among the bitter drugs. Purslane (Portulaca and Sesuvium) is a well-known pot-herb. Trips I. SILENE#.—Calyz tubular. Petals clawed, hypoyynous.—Leaves exstipulate. 1. SILENE, Z. Calyx 5-toothed. Petals 5. Stamens 10, Styles 3. Capsule trilocular at the base, de- hiscent at the summit by 6 teeth. . : 1*. S. gallica, Z. Annual, hairy; leaves oblong-spathulate or lanceolate ; cyme racemi- form : pedicels unilateral, much shorter than the calyx; calyx 10-striate, cylindrical, villous, at length ovoid-oblong, not umbilicate at the base; petals small: lamina subentire; capsule subsessile: seeds flat on the back, granulose—Vail/. Paris. ¢. 11. f. 12.—S. quinquevul- nera, Z,: petals red, with the border pale.-- Has. Naturalized in the mountains of Jamaica!, along roadsides, Macf.; [introduced from southern Europe, naturalized in most temperate countries, and in some tropical hills]. Trips Il. ALSINEA.-—Sepals distinct, or united at the base. Petals sessile, or wanting. Stamens usually hypogynous.—Leaves exstipulate. 2, ARENARIA, Z. Sepals 5. Petals 5, entire or abortive. Stamens 10. Styles usually 3. Capsule-valves twice as many as there are styles. . 2. A. diffusa, #77. Annual, decumbent, pubescent; leaves oblong-lanceolate, mucro- nate, attenuated at the base; peduncles axillary, filiform ; sepals ovate-lanceolate, pointed, equalling the capsule; petals usually abortive; seeds shining, very smooth,—A. nemorosa, Kth. Stellaria elongata, Nutz. Stel. lanuginosa, 7. et Gr.! Spergulastrum, Mich.—Stems long, branched; leaves dotted; peduncles solitary, exceeding the leaves; petals, if existing, nearly as long as the calyx, white—-HaB. Jamaica!, Macf,, Baner® Wils., at 4000', common in the south-eastern mountains; [Carolina! to Florida! and New Mexico; Andes, from Mexico! to Peru! and Venezuela !]. : 3. STELLARIA, L. Calyz 5-partite. Petals 5, bifid. Stamens 10 (-3). Styles usually 8. Capsule-valves twice as many as there are styles. 8*. S. media, Vidi. Annual; stem decumbent, with an alternate, pubescent line ; leaves ovate or subcordate, glabrous; calyx including the corolla, exceeded by the capsule; stamens usually 5-3.—Has. Naturalized in the mountains of Jamaica, Macf. ; [introduced from Europe]. 4, CERASTIUM, LZ. Calyx 5(4)-partite. Petals & (-4), bifid. Stamens 10 (-4). Styles usually 5. Cap- sale cylindrical, dehiscent at the summit by twice as many teeth as there are styles. 4*, G. viscosum, L., Fr. Annual, pubescent ; leaves oval or oblong ; cyme contracted: pedicels usually shorter than the calyx; bracts herbaceous ; calyx-divisions hairy to the top, equalling the corolla ; capsule nearly twice as long as the calyx: teeth straight, revolute on the margin.—C. glomeratum, Thuill. C. spathulatum, Pers., Macf—The Jamaica form resembles C. vulgatum, L., by the shape of the superior leaves, but the specific characters are those of C. viscosum, to which C. spathulatum, Pers., has correctly been reduced in Grenier’s monograph.—Has. Naturalized in the mountains of Jamaica!, March ; [introduced from Europe]. Tare II. PARONYCHIEZ—Sepals distinct, or united below. Petals perigynous, or wanting.—Leaves finished with scarious stipules. j 5. DRYMARIA, 7. patie ae Sepals &. Petals 5, bifid. Stamens 5-2, opposite to the calyx. Styles 82 ' Capsule trivalved.—Leaves opposite. x nN 56 CARYOPHYLLES. 5. D. cordata, W. Annual, glabrous; leaves orbiculate, subcordate at the base; pedi- cels filiform, arranged in lateral cymes ; sepals ovate-lanceolate, acuminate ; petals deeply ¢yifid, included ; stamens usually 3; capsule equalling the calyx: seeds 8-2, granulose.— Lam, Il. t. 51+ Holost. f. 2.—Holosteum, L.—Intermediate forms with D. diandra, Macf. (Holosteum, Sw./), are of common occurrence ; the original Swartzian type however may be regarded as a specie! variety. a. Leaves 4/6!" diam.; sepals glabrous (14! long). . B. diandra. Leaves minute (2’".diam.); sepals puberulous (half the size of a); stamens 2; seeds less numerous.—Has. Jamaica!, Macf., March, to Trinidad!, Sied., Lockh., Cr., common; [Cuba! and Mexico! to Brazil! and Peru!; East Indies!]. 6. CYPSELEA, Turp. Calyx 5-partite. Petals 0. Stamens 3-1, alternate with the calyx-segments. Styles 2. Capsule circumscissile.—Leaves opposite, and partly alternate, dotted. Asa Gray having shown by the position of the stamens in Mollugo verticillata, where the third one is opposite a sepal, that the character of the Portulacee, as proposed by Fenzl, cannot be relied upon (Gen. Bor. Amer. 2. p. 10), I consider Cypselea better placed among the Paronychiee, the scarious stipules of which it possesses, its habit agreeing much more with Herniaria than with any true Portulacea. 6. C. humifusa, Turp.—Turp. in Ann. Mus. 7. t. 12. f. 5.—A (small, annual, deeum- bent, branched, glabrous herb ; leaves oval, petioled, 14!"-2!" long: stipules laciniate ; flowers small, greenish, axillary among the leaves of reduced branches —HaB. Caribbean Islands, in dry swamps ; [Haiti to Guadeloupe !}. Trine IV. MOLLUGINEA.—Sepals united below. Petals usually wanting. Capsule plurilocular.— Leaves rosulate: stipules fugacious or obsolete. E 7. MOLLUGO, L. Calyx 5-partite, coloured inside. Petals 0. Stamens 5-8 (-10), hypogynous. Styles 3. Capsule trilocular, loculicidal, trivalved, many-seeded. - 4. ML. verticillata, Z. Annual, glabrous, branched ; Jeaves spathulate or oblanceolate- linear, rosular at each node; pedicels 1-flowered, umbellate; stamens 3; seeds smooth, ‘ 3-5-costate.—Gray, Gen. Bor. Amer. t. 101—Has. Jamaica !, in barren situations ; (United States! to Brazil!, and Galapagos Islands !}. 8. M. nudicaulis, Zam. Annual, glabrous, leafless above the base ; Zeaves spathulate- oblong, rosular at the lowest node; flowers arranged in corymbiform panicles: pedicels filiform; stamens 5; seeds minutely granulose—®/. ¢. 129. f. 2; Dese. Fl. 5. ¢. 317.—M. bellidifolia, Ser. Pharnaceum spathulatum, Si.—Haz. Jamaica, in dry situations Sw. ; S. Lucia!; (Cuba! to Guiana!, Nubia!, Hast Indies !]. Tripe V. PORTULACEA.—Sepals 2, distinct, or combined at the base.— Leaves somewhat fleshy, devoid of scarious stipules. 8. TALINUM, dd. Sepals 2, distinct. Petals-5, hypogynous, delicate. Stamens 10-80, h 5 trifid. Capsule unilocular, finale, Paty eels eer ae 9. 'T. triangulare, 7. Suffruticose; leaves alternate, obovate-lanceolate, tapering towards the subsessile base; flowers red (or white), arranged in terminal, corymbiferous cymes: pedicels triquetrous ; stigmas divergent.—Jacg. Anter. Pict. t, 135: the Howers yellow by some mistake. Jacq. Obs. 1. ¢. 28. Jacg. Vindob. 3. t. 52: a branched form. —Portulaca, Jacg. P. crassicaulis, Jacg. Tal. crassifolium, #7. TT. fruticosum, #7-—A succulent half-shrub; stem about 2! high, either simple and terminated with a few-flowered cyme (the original 7..¢riangulare), or branched and higher (7. crassifolium): the leaves © usually broader in the branched form, often emarginate and mucronate ; sepals somewhat oe ovate - ee half the length of the corolla; petals large rounded (6!!! diam.); stamens about 30; seeds minutely granulose—Has. Jamai ist, J seashores ; [Guadeloupe !, Brazil !, Peru i js rere een ern . CARYOPHYLLEZ. 57 10. 'T. patens, WV. Suffruticose, erect; leaves mostly opposite, oval, abruptly tapering towards the petioliform base ; panicle terminal, elongated, leafless, bearing dichotomous cymes: pedicels filiform ; flowers carmine; stigmas divergent.—Jacg. Amer. Pict. t.186.— ‘ Portulaca, Jacq. P. paniculata, Jucg. Tal. fruticosum, Macf. (non W.).—Stem almost ' simple, 1/-2' high, leafy to the middle, where the panicle begins; sepals deciduous, roundish, apiculate ; petals small, obovate (3” long); stamens about 15-20; seeds very minutely gra- nulose.— Has. Jamaica!, Dist., March, on seaside rocks; (Cuba! and Mexico! to Buenos “Ayres!, along the coast]. 9. PORTULACA, 7. Calyx 2-partite: tube adnate; limb deciduous. Petals 4-6, hemiepigynous, delicate. Stamens 8-20, hemiepigynous. Style 3-8-partite. Capsule unilocular, circumscissile, many- seeded.—Uppermost leaves usually rosulate around the terminal flowers. ll. P. oleracea, ZL. Annual; deaves spathulate, rounded at the top, usually opposite : axils glabrous ; flowers sessile, clustered or solitary; calyx-divisions keeled ; petals yellow, emarginate; stamens 12-7; style 5-partite; seeds minutely granulose—Gray, Gen. Bor. Amer. 1. t. 99. 4The common form grows bopel ine in Jamaica with :— B. parviflamay Taw. Leaves minute (2!-4! long): axils often shortly pilose. —This form, however, is not peculiar to the West Indies. I have observed the same in several localities in southern Europe, and I possess it also from Central America, Has. Jamaica (Maef.); Barbadoes (Mayc.) ; [all tropical continents, and both temperate zoues of the globe]. 7 12. P. pilosa, Z. Annual, suffrutescent; branches undivided; leaves subcylindrical, acuminate, alternate : azz/s woolly ; flower-clusters encircled by wool; calyx-divisions linear- ! oblong, not keeled; petals purple, emarginate; stamens indefinite; style 5—6-partite ; seeds minutely granulose.—Bot. Reg. ¢. 792.—Has. Jamaica, (Maef.); 8. Vincent!, Gudld., in sandy, waste situations; [‘Texas! and New Mexico! to Peru! and Brazil !]. ey 13. P. halimoides, Z. Annual, suffrutescent, diffuse ; draxches numerots, igeate’s leaves short, subcylindrical, acuminate, alternate: axils hairy ; flower-clusters encircled by a dense tuft of wool, and involucred; calyx-divisions ovate-lanceolate, not keeled; petals yellow, emarginate ; stamens about 20; style 8—5-partite; seeds grauulose— emarginate; samara-wings semiobovate.—Gaertz. Carp. t. 79.—Paullinia, L., Cliff. (ex descr.). Serjania sinuata, Schum. Urv. Berteriana,-DC.—Branchlets and leaves pubescent or glabrate ; racemes 4!'-2" long, about twice as long as the peduncle, which ist inflexed at the tendrils and equals the leaf; samaree 1” long; cell in a central position with respect to the wing.—Has, S. Vincent!, Guild.; Grenada!, Lane; Trinidad!, Or.; [Nicaragua!, : “Venezuela !). s 8. SERJANIA, Kez. (Cururu, Sw.) Sepals'5. Petals 4, bearing scales. Stamens 8, interior to 4-2 glands. Samare 8, connected in the-axis: wings basilar, decurrent along the carpophore: cells villous within. Seeds crustaceous, usually with a minute arillus: cotyledons incurved.—Shrubs, clinibing -by peduncular or axillary tendrils; leaves stipulate ; racemes jurta-aaillary, simple or compound. * Leaves punctate with pellucid lines and dots. 5. S. paniculata, Ati. Branchlets puberulous; Jeaves biternate, dotted: leaflets ovate, serrate, glabrous, shining above: petiole naked, trigonal ; samare puberulous above ; wing semiobovate-oblong, wholly inferior, not lining the back of the cell, which is obsoletely ‘veined on the surface—Kth. Nov. Gen. t. 441.—S. equestris, Macf.: a form with the ‘racemes compound.—Leaflets variable, 1"-2" long, tufted with hairs in the vein-axils beneath; samare 8! long, and as broad below, 4!'—5!' broad above-—Has. Jamaica}, Hils., Macf., common; [Cuba to Venezuela). 6. S. lucida, Schum. Branchlets glabrous; leaves biternate, dotted: leaflets ovate, subentire, glabrous, shining above: petiole lined above with.a narrow margin; samare glabrous: wing semiobcordate, lining usually the back of the wing or glabrous cell.—S. Os- sana, DC.—Leaflets B!-2!" long; samarz 10/8!" Jong, 8! broad below, 5!""-6" broad above. —Has. Jamaica !, Wudisch., Manchester: (Cuba, S. Thomas !].. ate 7. S. divaricata, Sw. Branchlets puberulous or glabrate; eaves biternate, dotted: leaflets large, elliptical, subentire, glabrous: petiole naked, or lined by a very narrow margin; samare pubescent: wing semiobcordate, wholly inferior, not lining the back of the smooth cell.—Paullinia, Siw., olim.—A high climber ; leaflets 8”—6” long, some of them sometimes abortive ; racemes long, in Jax panicles; samaree 8’” long, 6’”-8” broad below, 4!" broad above—Has. Jamaica!, Dist., Wils., Al., March, common in mountain-woods. ** Teaves opaque. 8. S. paucidentata, DC. Branchlets glabrate; leaves dbiternate, not dotted : leaflets elliptical, subentire, and with 2-4 large crenatures near the blunt top, glabrous: petiole lined by a narrow wing; samare pubescent above: wing semiobcordate, wholly inferior, not lining the back of the small, smooth cell—Leaflets 2”-4” long: petiolar wings tapering towards the base; samarze 1” long, 10” broad at the base, 3’” broad at the top.—Has. Trinidad !, Cr.; [Guiana]. 8. angustifolia, W., said to occur in Jamaica, is remarkable by the foliaceous petioles (Desc. Fl. 4, t. 237). 4, PAULLINIA, LZ. Sepals 5, distinct (or two of them combined). Petals 4, bearing scales. Stamens 8, interior to 2-4 glands. Capsule septicidal, 3-celled (or by-abortion 1-celled). Seeds crus- taceous, arillate.—Shrubs, climbing by peduncular or awillary tendrils; leaves stipulate ; racemes awillary or juxta-azillary ; capsules usually pubescent within. 124 SAPINDACB&. * Leaves biternate. - i 9. P. barbadensis, Jacg. Leaves biternate, not dotted: leaflets spathulate or elliptical-lanceolate, subentire or crenate-repand above, glabrous: petiole lined by anarrow margin, naked below the division; capsule 3-winged nearly to the axis, tapering very shortly at the base, puberulous or glabrate: wings semi-oval.—Jacg. Obs. ¢. 62. f. 9. et 7: the leaf.—P. caribea, Jacg.: a form with the petiole muricate below.—Leaflets 2/—1" ‘long; racemes simple, peduncled: capsule 6” long, 4’”-5’" broad: cells lanceolate ; seeds ° somewhat compressed, semiobovate, 2” long, black, half-covered with the brown arillus.- Has. Jamaica!, Macf., Wils., March ; Caribbean Islands (Jacq.). 10. P. curassavica, Jacg.! Leaves biternate, dotted with pellucid lines: leaflets rhomboid or elliptical-oblong, with distant, large; blunt serratures above the middle, gla- brous: petiole lined by a narrow wing, naked below the division; capsiile wingless, pyriform, glabrous: upper part subglobose, obsoletely 3-furrowed, tapering abruptly into the carpophore.—Jacg. Obs. t. 61. f.8: the leaf—P. jamaicensis, Macf.—Leaflets 4-13" long, membranaceous; capsule 5!”-6’” long, 4!" broad above, cylindrical and 4" diam, at the base: cells hemispherical-convex ; seeds globose, black, more than half-covered with the brown, bipartite, foliaceous arillus—Has Jamaica!, all coll., in the limestone districts; [New Granada!]. P. curassavicea, Gr. (Pl. Carib., and probably LZ. Clif, “ ob fruct. triquetrum”), of Gua- deloupe (and Brazil !), is another species, with a winged capsule and opaque leaves: but I have reformed the names from the original specimens of P. curassavica, Jacq.| and Sw.!, in the Banksian collection. : ** Leaves impari-pinnate, with the lowest division ternate. ll. BP. ingifolia, Rich. Leaves impari-pinnate, not dotted: lowest division ternate : leaflets 3-jugal, ovate-oblong, glabrous, subentire or with some distant serratures: petiole lined by a narrow wing below the uppermost division, naked from the middle one to the base; capsule 3-winged nearly to the axis, pyriform, tapering gradually into the carpophore, glabrous: wings thickened towards the cell—Leaflets 5’-2” long; capsule 9’” long, 6” broad above: cells lanceolate; carpophore 3" long, filiform, and dilated: triquetrous at the top.—Has. Trinidad!, Lockh., Cr. ; [Guiana]. *** Leaves simply impari-pinnate. 12. P. Vespertilio, Sw. / Leaves impari-pinnate, not dotted : leaflets 2-jugal, glabrous, ovate-oblong, with distant serratures above: petiole naked ; capsule ovoid-globose, stipitate, 38-winged at the top: wings oblong-linear, blunt, horizontally spreading.—Racemes exceeded by the leaf; capsule 4-6" long, 3’’-4’” broad; wings 6” long, 3” broad.—Has. S, Kitts !, Masson; 8. Lucia!, 8, Vincent !, Anders. 13. P. pinnata, L. Leaves impari-pinnate, not dotted : leaflets 2-jugal, glabrous, ovate- oblong, or oblong-lanceolate, with distant, coarse serratures : petiole winged to the base ; capsule pyriform, wingless.—Plum. Deser. t.91. Gartn. Carp. t. 19.—P. diversifolia, Mig.! ; nitidé, Steud. ; Hostmanni, Stewd.—A high climber; leaflets 3-6” long; racemes as long as or exceeded by the leaves; capsule variable in its longitudinal diameter—Has. Dominica !, Find. ; S. Lucia!, Anders. ; Trinidad!, Cr. ; [Panama!, Venezuela!, Guiana!, Brazil!, Peru!, Senegambia!, Niger!: the ouly Paw/Jinia which has migrated from America across the Atlantic]. 14. P. leiocarpa, Gr. (x. sp.). Leaves impari-pinnate, not dotted: leaflets 2-jugal, pu- berulous or glabrate, ovate or ovate-oblong, with a few blunt or obsolete serratures towards the top: petiole winged to the base; capsule globose, smooth, subsessile.—Stem angular : branchlets and racemes pilose; leaflets 3’—4” long, penninerved: petiole ‘foliaceous, 4!" broad, tapering towards the divisions: stipules minute, roundish; racemes spiciform, sub- sessile, exceeded by the petiole; flower ...; capsule brown, polished, with three obsolete, filiform, longitudinal keels, 12’ long, 10” broad, 3(-1)-spermous; séeds crustaceous, purple-black, obovoid, 3 times as long as the whitish, bipartite arillus: cotyledons fleshy, semiglobose, contiguous, scarcely incurved at the top—Has. Trinidad |, Cr. 15. P. spheerocarpa, Rich. Leaves impari-pinnate,-dotted with pellucid, branched SAPINDACER, 125 lines: leaflets 2-jugal, glabrous, ovate or ovate-oblong, with distant, blunt or obsolete ser- ratures above the middle: petiole naked below, and with a narrow margin towards the top only ; “‘ capsule globose, smooth.’—Leaflets 5-8" long, pointleted with a blunt point: petiolar margin tapering downwards, and disappearing above the inferior division ; racemes puberulous, nearly sessile, as long as the leaves,—Ha3B. Dominica!, Zmr.; [Guiana: the African habitat in DC. Prodr. being a misprint]. _ Of other Paudlinia, said to be West Indian, P. Cururu, L., has ternate leaves ; P. tomen- tosa, Jacq. (Observ. t. 10), has tomentose leaves and capsules, 5. CUPANIA, L. Sepals 6, imbricative. Petals 5. Stamens 8 (-10): disc complete. Capsule 3(-1)- celled, loculicidal: seeds crustaceous, arillate——Trees or erect shrubs; leaves pinnate ; racemes axillary. at 16. ©. glabra, Sw. Branchlets glabrate; /eaflets abruptly 2-5(-8)-jugal, glabrous, alternate, oblong or elliptical, quite entire, or crenate-repand : principal veins 6~10 on each side; racemes tomentose; petals roundish, naked, as long as the sepals; stamens 8, ex- serted; style shortly 3-fid; capsule glabrous, trigonal-turbinate. or subglobose, 3-keeled : cells as long as the carpophore ; seeds globose-subcompressed, semi-immersed within the arillus.— Rich. Cub. t. 31.—C. multijuga, Rzch.: a variety with the leaflets 5-8-jugal. . C. laevigata, Mig., Seem. /: the form with the leaflets entire. Sapindus glabrescens, Hook. !: a form with the leaflets puberulous beneath_—A tree; axils of primary leaflet-veins tufted with hairs, or glabrous; capsule 9’’-10"” long, 8” broad at the mucronate top: carpophore cylindrical, sometimes dilated above; seeds brown.—Has. Jamaica!, Macf., Dist., Al., March, common in the lower hills; (Cuba!, Mexico!, Panama!, Guiana]. 16. CG. Americana, Z. Branchlets tomentose; Jeaflets abruptly 2-4(-6)-jugal, seabrous-pubescent beneath (or glabrate), alternate, obovate-oblong, blunt, serrate or repand: principal veins 10-16 on each side, equidistant; racemes paniculate, tomentose ; petals cucullate-cuneate, naked, as long ds the sepals; stamens 8, exserted ; style 3-tid; capsule tomentose, trigonal-subglobose, obtusely 3-keeled : ced/s much larger than the short carpophore ; seeds ovoid-globose, shining, arillate at the base.—Plum. Hd. Burm. t. 110; Desc. Fi. 2. t. 89.—C. tomentosa, Sw.: the form with serrate leaflets. C. saponarioides, Sw.: the form with repaud-entire leaflets—A tree; leaflets 3-7" long, usually with sinuate, mucronulate serratures; capsule 10’” long and broad: carpophore thickish, cylin- drical, 2-3” long ; seeds nearly black, 8 times as long as the yellowish arillus—Haz, Trinidad |, Lockh., Cr. ; [Cuba!, Guadeloupe!, Venezuela !]. 'C. fulva, Mart. (C. triguetra, Rich. Cub.), is a similar species, ranging from Cuba and the Virgin Islands to Guiana! and Pernambuco! : it is well distinguished by having a sharply 3-angular, turbinate capsule, : _6*, BLIGHIA, Ken, Sepals 5, imbricative. Petals 5, bearing scales. Stamens 8: disc complete. Pericarp fleshy, dehiscent, 8-celled: seeds crustaceous, with a large fleshy arillus.—A tree; leaves pinnate ; racemes axillary. 18*, B. sapida, Ken—Tuss. Fl. 1. t. 3; Desc. Fl, 8. ¢. 560.—Cupania, Camé. Akeesia africana, Zuss.—Leaflets 8-4-jugal, obovate-oblong, quite entire, 3” long; flowers pubescent; petals white, oblong: scale large, bilobed; stamens exserted, hairy below, in- serted within the entire disc; style 8-fid; fruit red, obovate-oblong, obtusely 3-gonal, blunt at both ends, about 4” long: seeds black, 4 longer than the white, eatable arillus,— Has, Naturalized in Jamaica!, Dzs¢.; [introduced from Western Africa]. 7. RATONIA, DC. emend, _ (Aryteea, B7.) Calyx 5-fid, valvar. Petals 0 (-5). Stamens 8 (-10), inserted within the complete disc. Capsule 3(-1)-celled, 3(-2)-lobed to the middle: lobes subcompressed, cymbiform, dehis- cent above along the dorsal line : seeds crustaceous, arillate-—T'rees ; leaves abruptly pinnate ; racemes paniculate. ne 126 SAPINDACER. Arytea, Bl., is not sufficiently distinguished by having minute petals. 19. R. apetala, Gr. Leaves opposite: leaflets 3-8-jugal, obliquely opposite, not dotted, lanceolate-oblong, quite entire, glabrous ; panicles terminal and: axillary, puberulous, polygamous; petals 0; stamens 8, exserted: anthers subglobose; style 3-fid at the top; capsule 3-lobed, stipitate, coriaceous.— Rich. Cub. t. 32.—Cupania, Macf./ C. oppositifolia, Rich. ©. juglandifolia, Rich, (except the leaves).—A: middle-sized tree ; leaves exstipulate : leaflets 3-2” long; flowers minute, }’” long; disc and pistil' villous; capsule glabrous, reddish, 8” long, 6”” broad above: cells obovate-compressed, 4” long,-as long as the cylin- drical carpophore, with the lobes divergent and dehiscent above the contracted, septiferous axis : seeds compressed, roundish, black, with a yellowish-white arillus at the base-—Has. Jamaica!, Macf., Wils., Al., in mountain-woods ; [Cuba]. 8. SAPINDUS, ZL. Sepals 5 (-4), imbricative. Petals as many. Stamens 8 (4-10): disc complete. Peri- carp fleshy, 3 (—4)-coccous, or usually by abortion 2—-1-coccous: carpids indehiscent; seeds bony, not arillate—Trees ; leaves abruptly pinnate ; racemes paniculate. .20. S. Saponaria, LZ. Leaflets alternate, 5-4-jugal, oblong-lanceolate or elliptical, pubescent beneath: rhachis broadly winged ; panicle pubescent; petals ...; carpids globose, 1 (-4).—-Carpids black.—Ha. Jamaica!, Dist., common; [Venezuela!). 21. S. ineequalis, DC. Leaflets alternate, 5-3 (-1)-jugal, oblong-lanceolate, acuminate, or lower ones elliptical, glabrous: rhachis margyinate, or naked; panicle pubesceut ; petals ciliate, bearing a minute scale; carpids globose, usually solitary by aburtion.—Dese. Fl. 4. t, 261.—S. Saponaria, Lane, Rich. Cub. S. Forsythii, DC. ?—Carpids 8" diam., shining- brown.—Has. Antigua !, Michols.; 8. Vincent !, Guild. ; (Cuba, Venezuela!, Brazil !]. 9. SCHMIDELIA, Sw, < (Allophylus, Z., Bi.) Sepals 4. Petals 4. Glands 4, opposite the petals. Stamens 8. Pericarp 2(-3)- coccous, or usually by abortion 1-coccous: carpid indehiscent or opened by rupture, crustaceous within: seeds with a membranaceous testa, not arillate-—Trees or erect shrubs; leaves ternate (or 1-foliolate) ; racemes axillary, often divided ; flowers fasciculate. “22. Schm. Cominia, Sw. Branchlets, petioles, /eaf-merves, and racemes rusty- velutinous ; leaflets 3, petiolulate, elliptical, serrulate with accumbent serratures above the middle, glabrous between the ribs above, pubescent or glabrate beneath; racemes divided, twice as long as the petiole; petals naked; style bifid at the top; carpids globose-obovoid, orauge-coloured.—S/. ¢, 208.7. 1.—Rhus, LZ. Rh. arborea, DC. (ex syn. Sl., non Macf.) —A low or middle-sized tree, or a shrub; leaflets variable in the number and size of the serratures; carpids somewhat dry, sessile, 2! long, 14" broad.—Has. Jamaica!: all coll., common in the lower hills; [Cuba!, Haiti!]. : 23. Schm. glabrata, Kti. Glabrous ; leaflets 8, petiolulate, elliptical, quite entire, or repand ; racemes divided, nearly as long as the petiole; petalsnaked; style. . .; carpids obovoid.—A tree; leaflets 5"-3" long, bluntish, or pointleted with a blunt point; carpids somewhat dry, subsessile, 4!"-3" long, 2” broad—Has. Jamaica!, AL, Wils.; [New Granada]. : * 24, Schm. occidentalis, Sw. Branchlets, petioles, and racemes pubescent; leaflets 8, subsessile, elliptical, sinuate-serrate with spreading serratures, glabrous above, pubescent beneath ; racemes simple, or divided below, as long as or exceeded by the petiole; petals naked ; style bifid at-the top ;-carpids obovoid, red.—A shrub; lateral leaflets oblique ; car- pids somewhat dry, subsessile, 4-3!" long, 2" broad.—Has. S, Lucia!, S. Vincent!, Anders. ; (Cuba! to Minas Geraes!]. 10, THOUINIA, Poit. Sepals 4-5. Petals as many, naked. Stamens 8-10: disc complete. Swmare 8, at length separating from each other: wing dorsal. Seeds with « membranaceous testa, not arillate.—Trees or shrubs; racemes avil/ary. SAPINDACER, 127. ft 25, Th. discolor, Gr. (x. sp.) Branchlets and petioles tomentose; leaves ternate : leaflets sessile, lanceolate-elliptical, blunt, guite entire, glabrous above, white beneath with a- minute velutinous down; racemes simple; petals 4, exceeding the calyx; samara ....— Leaflets 2"-13" long, 10!"-8"' broad, rounded or somewhat emarginate at the top : petiole. 4!"'_6! long ; racemes shortly peduncled, pubescent, nearly as long as the leaves: pedicels - fascicled, 2" long; flowers polygamous; petals roundish, 1/ long; stamens 8, exserted, hypogynous within the crenate disc ; style 3-fid at the top, exserted. Habit of Th. trifoliata, Poit., and distinguished from Zh. tomentosa, DC., by having quite entire leaflets: Schmid. nervosa, Rich., is a fourth West Indian species of this genus—HaB. Bahamas !, Swains. 11... MELICOCCA, Z. Calyx 4-partite: segments imbricative. Petals 4, naked. Stamens 8: dise complete. Ovary 2-celled: stigma peltate, subsessile. Berry 2-1-spermous.—Trees ; leaves abruptly pinnate ; racemes divided. 26. M. bijuga, Z. Leaflets bijngal, elliptical or elliptical-lanceolate, quite entire, glabrous; panicle terminal; berry ovoid.—Jacg. Amer. Pict. t.109.—A tree, 40'-50! high ; berry green, 1-13" long—Has. Trinidad!, Sch.; naturalized in Jamaica}, Dist., Ad., Wils.; (Guiana, New Granada !]. 12. HYPELATE, P. Br. (Exothea, Macf.) Sepals 5. Petals as many. Stamens 8: dise complete. Ovary 2(-8)-celled: style short, simple; ovules pendulous. Berry 1(-2)-spermons: endocarp chartaceous. Seed crustaceous, not arillate.—Shrubs or trees; leaflets glabrous, shining, quite entire ; flowers corymbose or paniculate. 27. EX. trifoliata, Sw.! Leaves ternate: leaflets spathulate, lineate with oblique veins; corymbs glabrous, axillary, equalling the leaf: pedicels slender; sepals glabrous, deciduous ; berry ovoid-globose, black.—Deless. Ic. 3. ¢. 39: «a form distinguished from our plant by racemose flowers.—A high shrub, or slender tree; leaflets 20''-12" long, 8"'_6" broad; berry 4!" long, 3!" broad—Has. Jamaica!, Wils., March, in the southern limestone districts; [Cuba!}. : -28. EX. paniculata, Camb. Leaves abruptly pinnate : leaflets 2(-1-8)-jugal, oblong, . usually blunt; corymbs in a terminal panicle, hoary-pubescent'; sepals tomentose, per- sistent ; berry globose, purple—Mem. Mus. 3. t. 5; Lond. Journ. of Bot. 3. t. 7.— Melicocca, Juss. Exothea oblongifolia, Macf./ Hyp. oblongifolia, Hook.! HH. trifoliata, Gr. Pl. Carib.—A low, or middle-sized tree; leaflets’ 4-13" long, 16-8" broad: pairs usually somewhat approximate; berry 6’ diam.—Has. Jamaica!, Macf., March, in the mountains: [Cuba!, Désirade !]. Tribe II. DODONAEZ—Stamens inserted into the hypogynous disc. Ovules 2 ‘ in each ovary-cell, superior erect, inferior pendulous. 13. DODON AA, L. Sepals’ 4 (5-3). Petals 0. Stamens 8 (6-10). Capsule 2-8(4-6)-celled, septicidal, . mostly samaroid: wings dorsal, usually surrounding the cell. Seeds crustaceous, exarillate. —Erect shrubs, usually viscose; leaves mostly. wnifoliolate; flowers racemose or corymbose. : 29. D. viscosa, J. Leaves obovate-lanceolate or oblanceolate; capsule winged, roundish, longer than the pedicel: wings surrounding the cell, of equal breadth nearly to the base, contiguous at the top: terminal sinus closed.—SI. t. 162. f. 8.—D. viscosa, Mus. Bks. D. Candolleana, B/,; arabica; Hochst—Leaves 18!"'~6"" broad ; capsule 10/12!" diam.—Has. Jamaica!, Al., March, on the arid seashore; Antigual!l, Nichols.; Bar- badoes!, Trinidad!, Cr.; [New Granada!, Brazil!, East Indies!, South Arabia!, tropical New Holland !]. 80. D. Burmanniana, DC. Leaves spathulate-lanceolate, oblong-lanceolate, or ob- . 128 ‘MELIACER. lanceolate; capsule winged, roundish, nearly as long as the pedicel: wizgs surrounding the. cell, broader above than near the base: terminal sinus narrow, but open.—As. Gr. Gen. Bor. Amer. t. 182.—D. viscosa, Cav.,. As. Gr. D. jamaicensis, DC. sec. Mus. Bhs. (exclus. syn. Sw.). D. Thunbergiana, Eckl. /; brasiliensis, Schlecht. /; pallida, Mig.!; Dombeyana, Bi. —Leaves 12!'-4!"" broad; capsule 6/-8" diam—Has. Jamaica!, Macf., March, on the arid seashore; [Florida and Mexico! to Montevideo! and Peru!, Mascate! to the Cape!, East Indies !, Pacific Islands! to New Zealand !]. '81. D. angustifolia, Sw. Leaves linear-lancéolate ; capsule winged, roundish, as long as the pedicel : wings surrounding the cell, broader above than near the base: terminal sinus open, 8-angular—P. Br. Jam. t. 18. f. 1.—D. bialata, Kth.; linearis, E. Mey. ! Mundtiana, Eckl. ; Schiedeana, Schlecht. !—Leaves 6’”—2’" broad ; capsule 5!—6!" diam.— Has. Jamaica!, Al., March, in the mountains; [Bermudas!, Cuba!, Mexico!, Guayaquil!, Southern China !, East Indies!, Afghanistan !, Cape !]. : XLITI. STAPHYLEACEA. i ‘Petals. Stamens as many, inserted into a hypogynous disc. Ovary 3-2-celled: ovules , several (or solitary) in each cell, Seeds bony, albuminous: radicle inferior; cotyledons large, fleshy.—Trees or shrubs; leaves compound, mostly opposite, stipulate; leaflets serrate. hes : 1. TURPINIA, Vent. - Sepals 5, distinct, deciduous. Styles 3, cohering below, or separable. Pericarp drupa- ceous: putamen 3-celled.—Leaves :mpari-pinnate ; racemes compound, 1, BE. occidentalis, Don. Leaflets 2-3-jugal, elliptical-oblong, crenate or serrate, glabrous, petiolulate, sézpellate; primary divisions of the panicle racemiform, opposite, bearing small corymbs, of which the superior ones are usually alternate; drupe globose, . ' 8-mucronate: points (¢.¢. rudiments of the styles) distant—3/. ¢. 220. f. 1; Vent. Choiz, ¢. 31.—Staphylea, Sw. St. corymbosa, DC. 'T. paniculata, Venz.: identical with Swartz's Jamaica plant, but the putamen-cells 3—2-seeded, while in our specimens ouly one of the ovules ripens, and sometimes one or two of the cells are abortive—A tree, 20'-30! high ; flowers white ; drupes dark blue.—Has, Jamaica!, all coll, common; Dominica, Imr.; 8. Vincent !, Guild. ; [Cuba!, Mexico]. XLIV. MELIACEA. (Cedrelese.) Petals 5-4 (-8). Stamens twice as many, inserted into a hypogynous disc, monadel- phous: anthers usually sessile on the margin of the staminal tube, or on its inner side. Pistil syncarpous : style simple-—Woody plants; leaves usually pinnate, exstipulate. Drastic, poisonous; and bitter substances prevail in this Order (the latter chiefly in the Cedrelee) ; some produce aromatic resin, or have a smell of musk (Moschozylon, Guarea, aaa oh The Mahogany (Swictenia), and the West Indian Cedar (Cedrela) are excellent timber-trees. os : : Trips I. MELIEA—Seeds albuminous: cotyledons foliaceous. Ovary-celis 2-ovulate. : 1. MELIA, LZ. -Calyz 5-partite. Petals oblong-linear, convolutive-imbricative. Staminal tube 20(-80)- toothed: anthers 10, sessile at its throat. Ovary 5-celled: ovules superimposed, inferior fertile. “Pericarp drupaceous.—Leaves bipinnate ; cymes paniculate. 1, M. sempervirens, Sw. Leaflets ovate-lanceolate or lanceolate, acuminate, deeply serrate below the point ; drupe ovoid-globose.— -Bot. Reg. t. 6483.—A shrub, or low tree; leaflets variable, 5-7 (~11) in the middle divisions ; petals‘ blue-variegated ; drupe’ yellow, MELIACER. 129 4!"-6" long, 4!" broad.—Has. Jamaica!, Macf., March, common; S. Vincent!, Guild. ; [Mexico! to Guiana! and equatorial Brazil !, East Indies !, Afghanistan !}. Trise Il, TRICHILIEE.—Sceds exalbuminous : cotyledons fleshy. Ovary-cells 2-1 (—4)-ovulate. 2. ACRILIA, Gr. (Trichilie sp., Jacq.) Calyx 3-4-fid. Petals oblong, imbricative. Staminal tube 10-8-fid, separable to th base into several 3-l-androus bundles: lobes oblong, blunt: anthers terminal. Ovary 3-celled: cells biovulate. Pericarp coriaceous, indehiscent: seeds covered with a pulpy arillus : radicle superior.—Leaves zmpari-pinnate: leaflets quite entire; panicles corymb:- form, terminal and axillary from the uppermost axils. A. Jussieu’s Trichiie must be broken up into several generic types, each having a peculiar structure of the staminal tube. This view is confirmed by habitual characters in the inflo- rescence: Aeriiza is further distinguished by its globose pericarp, which opens with irregular raptures, not with valves. 2. A, Sloanei, Gr.—si. ¢. 220. f. 1.—Trichilia terminalis, Jacg. T. hirta, Sw. (non L.). T. Sloanei, Macf. !—A tree; leaflets 3-4-jugal, long-petiolulate, ovate or ovate- oblong, glabrous; panicles fastigiate, pubescent, dense, 2"-3" long and broad; calyx spread- ing, 3 times exceeded by the corolla: lobes 3-angular; petals yellowish, tomentose, 3!" long ; anthers and staminal tube pubescent, included; stigma capitate; pericarp tomentose, 8! diam.: cells by abortion usually 1-seeded : seeds roundish, black, with a red arillus.—Has. Jamaica!, Macf., Pd., 1., March, common, 3. TRICHILIA, Z. (emend.). Calyx 5-4-fid. Petals ovate-oblong, imbricative. Staminai tube 10-8-partite : segments subulate-oblong, blunt: anthers terminal, ovoid. Ovary 3-celled: cells biovulate, with the ovules collateral. Capsule loculicidal: seeds covered with a pulpy arillus: radicle superior. —Leaves usually impari-pinnate: leaflets quite entire ; panicles racemiform, axillary, pe- dunceled, 3. T. hirta, LZ. (non Sw.). Leaflets 5-jugal, elliptical or oblong-lanceolate, glabrous ; panicles puberulous, 2-4 times exceeded by the leaf: divisions few(-1)-flowered ; jilaments cohering at the base: anthers 10, hairy ; capsule... .—S7.¢.210. f. 2, 3; Jaeg. Schanbr.1. é. 102.—T. spondioides, Jacg. (partim).—A low tree; leaflets variable, tapering at the base, the lower ones smaller; petals whitish, glabrous, 2” long; staminal tube hairy within, very short.—Has. Jamaica (S/.); [S. Thomas!, Guadeloupe !, New Granada]. -. 4. T. spondioides, Sw./ Leaflets 10—T-jugal, ovate-oblong, oblique at the base, glabrous; panicles puberulous, 4 times exceeded by the leaf: divisions 11-3-flowered; sta- minal tube cohering to one-third, at length divided: anthers 10, hairy ; capsule tomentose, rugulose.—T. spondioides, Jacg. Amer., belongs partly to this, but his figure to the preceding. T. spondioides, 4. Juss. (Mel. f. 18 a) agrees in structure, but is represented wrongly as having glabrous anthers.—A_ low tree, 15/-20! high ; leaflets rounded at the base, pointed, the lower ones smaller; petals greenish-yellow, 1 long ; stamens hairy ; capsule subglobose, 5'_6" diam, ; seeds ovoid: arillus red,—Has. Jamaica!, A/., March, common; [Cuba!]. 4, PHOLACILIA, Gr. (Trichilie sp., 4. Juss.) Calyx 4~5-fid. Petals oblong, imbricative. Staminal tube deeply 8-10-fid: lobes subulate-oblong, bidentate at the top: anthers terminal, oblong, hairy. Ovary 3-celled; cells l-ovulate. Capsule of Trichila—Leaves impari-pinnate or ternate: leaflets quite entire, costate beneath by the primary veins, few-ljugal; cymes axillary, short, shortly peduncled or subsessile. i - A. Jussieu has described two superimposed ovules in both the West Indian species: but I K 180 MELIACEZ. find only a single ovule, which is attached below the top of the cell, and consequently hemianatropous. The analytical figure of 7. pallida, A. Juss,. (Mel. t. 18 4), which is not Swartz’s species, agrees exactly with my analysis of Ph. diversifolia, presenting a single, hemianatropous ovulé ; and in. his 7. ptelee@folia, which is an eyident congener, Jussieu him- self declared the cells to be uniovulate, and figures them as such (St. Hil. Fl. Bras. ¢. 99). 5. Ph. diversifolia, Gr. Leaflets 3-1-jugal, elliptical or obovate-oblong, glabrous ; cymes corymbiform, shortly peduncled, puberulous, 2-4 times exceeded by the common petiole; anthers 8; capsule glabrate, globose, smooth, rugulose.—Trichilia, 4. Juss.—A middle-sized tree; leaflets variable in size, shape, and number, 8'—2" long, 4”-8" broad : principal veins prominent beneath, 8-10 on éach side, straightish, and arched near the margin ; petals whitish, 2" long; capsule 5-3! diam.: seeds ovoid-globose.—Has. Do- minica!, Jmr.; Trinidad !, Pd., in mountain-woods ; [Haiti!, Guadeloupe !]. 6. Ph. trinitensis, Gr. Leaflets 3-2-jugal, elliptical or elliptical-lanceolate, pubern- lous or glabrate; cymes short, fasciculiform, subsessile, tomentose ; anthers 8-10 ; capsule densely echinate with soft prickles, hairy, ovate, bluntish—Trichilia, A. Juss. Portesia echinocarpa, Vriese/—A tree, 15/-20! high; leaflets 4-1" long, 2"-8" broad: terminal usually larger ; petals 2!" lorig, tomentose; capsule 6” long, 4” broad, 2-1-celled by abor- tion : seed ovoid-globose, black, with a rufescent arillus—Has. Trinidad !, Pd., Or., at S. Anns; [Guiana !]. ‘ 5. PORTESIA, Cav. (emend.). Calyx 4-5-fid. Petals ovate, imbricative. Staminal tube entire, 16-20-toothed: anthers 8-10, sessile on the inner side of its mouth, prominent between the teeth-pairs, oblong, glabrous. ‘Ovary: 3-celled: cells biovulate: ovules one above the other. Cxpsule of Trichilia.—Fragrant trees or shrubs; leaves imparipinnate: leaflets fewjugal, quite entire, glabrous ; cymes asillary, fasciculiform, sessile. ; 7. BP. ovata, Cav. Leaflets 3-jugal, elliptical or oblong: petiole naked; cymes glabrous: pedicels much Jonger than the flower; staminal tube glabrous within: anthers 8(-9); ovary glabrous ; capsule globose, smooth, 3(=2)-celled.— Cav. Diss. 7. ¢. 215; Bot. Repos, ¢. 687.—Trichilia pallida, Sw. ! (exelus. descr. flor., nec A. Juss.). T. odorata, Andr. (cede Moschoxylum, 4. Jyss.). T. moschata 8, DC., Macf.!—A low tree, or shrub, 12!-25! high ; leaflets shining, 6”-2” ‘long, 2"-1" broad; cymes many-flowered, about 6!” long; petals 1” long, yellowish; capsule 4’” diam. : arillus red.—Has. Jamaica!, Magf; Pu., Wils:, Al., common ; (Cuba! to Haiti, Mexico !, Guatemala !, Verazuas’]. Trichilia glabra, Macf., from its description, is no Meliacea at all: but 7. glabra, L., of Cuba, confounded by Swartz, is a second species of Portesia, distinguished by having nar- rowly winged petioles, and a villous ovary. 6. MOSCHOXYLUM, 4. Juss. ‘Calyx 4-5-toothed. Petals valvar, cohering at the base (or distinct). Staminal tube entire, 8-10-toothed : filaments very short, inserted between the teeth: anthers terminal, subulate, glabrous. Ovary 3-celled : cells biovulate, with the ovules collateral. Pericarp .... oo trees or shrubs; leaves pinnate; leaflets Sewjugal, quite entire ; panicles axillary. : ‘ Swartz says, that’ the fruit is that of Zrichilia: in my fruit-bearing specimens the peri- carp, perhaps by monstrosity, is woody, indehiscent, and filled with balsam. 8. M. Swartzii, Juss. Leaflets 9-3, elliptical-oblong, glabrous; panicles loose, ra- cemiform, puberulous: divisions corymbiform, shortly peduncled ; corolla deeply 4-5-partite, twice as long as the calyx: segnients ovate-oblong, pointed, spreading above: ovary to- mentose.—Trichilia moschata, Sw./, Macf.! T. membranacea, Macf. '—A low, highly fragrant, resinous tree ; leaflets 4-3" long, 2"'-1" broad, either alternate (with the terminal one sometimes abortive), or (in the same: branch) opposite, and impari-pinnate, about twice as long as the panicle; corolla yellowish-white, 1!” long—Has. Jamaica 1, Macf, Al; Trinidad !, Pdi, Or. , 7. GUAREA, Z. Calyx 4-toothed or 4-lobed. Petals oblong, imbricative, Staminal ‘tube quite entire : AURANTIACEA. 181 anthers sessile internally, near its mouth. Ovary 4-celled: cells 1-ovulate or 2-ovulate, with the ovules superimposed. Pericarp woody, at length loculicidal—Tyees or shrubs ;, leaves abruptly pinnate: the pairs appearing successively along the petiole ; panicles simply racemiform, axtllary. : e ‘O97, 9. G. Swartzii, DC. Leaflets elliptical or elliptical-oblong, glabrous: principal veins 8-10 ow each side: vein-axils bearded beneath ; ealyx subentire: teeth minute, distant ; petals glabrous ; ovary glabrous ; “ capsule subglobose, costate.”—S1. ¢. 170. 7.1: leaves. —G. Vahliana, Juss.—A low tree; leaflets usually 8-2; petals white, 24!" long. —-Has. Jamaica !, Macf., Al. ; [Guadeloupe]. * 10. G. Perrottetii, 4. Juss. Leaflets oblong or elliptical-oblong, glabrous: principal veims 12-15 on each side: vein-axils glabrous: calyx subentire or 4-lobed; petals and ovary tomentose; capsule pyriform-globose, subcostate, velutinous.—G. trichilioides, P/, Carib. (non Jacq.).—Leaflets 12-4; petals 2"’-3! long; capsule 8!" long, 6! broad.— Has. Dominica !, Inr.; 8, Vincent !, Guild. ; [Guadeloupe !]. ; 8. CARAPA, Audi. Sepals 4-5, distinct. Petals ovate-oblong, “ twisted,” spreading. Staminal tube 8-10- crenate: anthers sessile internally, alternating with the crenatures. Ovary 4-5-celled : cells 4-ovulate, with the ovules biseriate. Pericarp large, fleshy, at length 4-5-valved.—Trees ; leaves pinnate ; panicles racemiform. ; ll. ©. guianensis, Audi. Leaflets (4-)8-10-jugal, elliptical-lanceolate, glabrous, leathery : terminal usually abortive-—Desc. Fv. 6. t. 446.—C. procera, DC. ?—A high tree; ‘ pericarp globose, 3 diam. ; seeds oily.—Has, Trinidad!, Pd. ; [Guiana, Senegambia]. Tepe II. CRDRELEZ.—Seeds flat, winged. Ovary-cells 4-multi-ovulate. 9. SWIETENIA, Z. Calyx 5-fid. Petals twisted. Staminal tube entire, 10-toothed: anthers attached in- ternally between the teeth. Ovary 5-celled: cells about 12-ovulate. Pericarp woody, dehiscent from the base: seeds albuminous, with a terminal, oblong wing.—Trees; leaves abruptly pinnate, glabrous ; panicles axillary, peduncled, bearing corymbiform cymes. 12. S. Mahagoni, Z. Leaflets 6-10, inequilateral, ovate or ovate-lanceolate, pointed ; capsule ovoid.—Bot. Misc. 1. t. 16,17; Tuss. Fl. 4. ¢. 28; Desc. Fl. ¢. 99, 416.—S. , Senegalensis, Desc. (now Desr.).—A high tree; leaflets usually 2" long; capsule 3/—4!! long.— Has. Jamaica!, Maef., Al., common in the plains and lower hills, up to 3000’; Ba- hamas, Trinidad /4{Cuba!, Mexico!, Honduras]. Sea 2 ? 10. CEDRELA, Z. A Calyz 5-lobed. Petals imbricative, oblong: midrib on the inside furnished with a plait, which adheres to the gynophore. Staminal tube wholly combined with the gynophore: fertile filaments 5, long, inserted on its top. Ovary 5-celled: cells 8~12-ovulate. Capsule dehiscent from the top: seeds with a terminal wing: albumen thin.—Fetid trees; leaves pinnate ; panicle large, terminal. 13. CG. odorata, LZ. Leaves impari-pinnate: leaflets 8-5-jugal, oblong, oblique at the § base, petiolulate ; petals pubescent ; capsule ovoid, subcostate.—S/. ¢. 220. 7.2; Br. Jam. #10. f.1; Desc. Fl. 6. ¢. 411—A high tree; leaflets variable in being broader or nar- rower, shortly or long petiolulate; panicle drooping, often above 1! long: flowers pale- yéllow.—Has. Jamaica!, A/., Wids., common in the plains and lower hills; Antigua}, Nichols. ; [Cuba!, Mexico!, Yucatan !]. XLV. AURANTIACEA. Sepals united. Petals sessile. Stamens inserted upon an hypogynons disc. Pistil syn- carpous: style simple. Pericarp baccate. Embryo exalbuminous, straight.—Woody plants ; leaves compound or untfoliolate, exstipulate, with pellucid dots. ‘ K 132 - OXALIDEZ. All organs abound in oil-glands, and several volatile oils oceur in Citrus. The berry is often eatable, and in some varieties of Citrus contains citric acid, or a bitter principle. 1. CITRUS, Z. Calyx 5(-8)-fid. Petals 5 (-8). Stamens polyadelphous, Ovary many-celled: ovules biseriate—Leaves unifoliolate, articulated with the petiole. 1*. ©. medica, Z. Leaves glabrous: petiole naked or marginate; berry umbonate, acid, usually bright-yellow. : : a, Berry ovoid-oblong, tubercled, slightly acid. Desc. FU. 5. ¢. 339. - Bp. Limonum, Riss. Berry ovoid, rugulose, acid.—TZuss. Fl. 8. ¢. 19; Desc. Fl. 5. é. 337. : y. Peretia, Riss. Berry obovoid, with the style usually persistent, slightly acid.—Tuss. Fi. 3. ¢. 16. Has. Naturalized in Jamaica, and in the Caribbean Islands!; [East Indies]. 2. C. Aurantium, L. Leaves glabrous: petiole winged ; berry globose, exumbonate. Ce a®. Berry large, orange-coloured, sweet: oil-glands convex.—TZuss. £7. 3. t. 14; Dese. Fl, 5. ¢. 388.—C. Paradisi, Macf.: a form with larger berries. 8*. Bigaradia, Duh. Berry large, orange-coloured, rugulose, bitter and acid: oil-glands concave.— Juss. Fl, 3.4.15; Dese. Fl. 1. 4. 88; 5. #. 857. 7. spinosissima, Mey.! Berry small (about 1” diam.), smooth, bright-yellow, very acid : oil-glands concave.—Dese. #7. 1. ¢. 7.—C. Lima, Maef.—A spiny shrub ; leaves crenate. Has. a and 8, naturalized in Jamaica, and in the Caribbean Islands; yy, said to be indigenous and more common : Jamaica!, Dist. ; [Cuba!, Guadeloupe !, Mexico!, Venezuela!, Guiana !]. 3*, ©. decumana, LZ. Leaves puberulous beneath, slightly dotted: petiole winged ; berry large, obovoid-globose, depressed at the top, bright-yellow, or green: oil-glands flat or convex.—TZuss. Fl. 8. ¢.17, 18; Dese. Fl. 3. ¢. 220.—Young shoots puberulous ; berry about ‘. diam.— Has. Naturalized in Jamaica and in the Caribbean Islands!; [East Indies !]. Several other East Indian Awrantiacew have been introduced into the British West Indies, and are common in gardens, viz. Triphasia trifoliata, DC.; Glycosmis citrifolia, Lindl. (G. heterophylla, Rich. Cub.) ; Murraya exotica, L.; Cookia punctata, Retz; and Citrus chinensis, Riss. (Desc. Fi, 3. t. 219). XLVI. GERANIACE. Sepals 5, mostly distinct. Stamens usually monadelphous, and biseriate. Pistid syn- carpous: styles adnate to the prolonged axis, at length together with the 5 monospermous carpids distinct. Eméryo exalbuminous, curved.—Herbs or shrubs; leaves simple, usually palmatifid, stipulate ; nodes tumid. 1*. GERANIUM, Z. Stamens 10, monadelphous. Styles at length revolute—Herbs. 1*. G. pyrenaicum, Z. Perennial; leaves palmatipartite-roundish ; petals purple, bearded at the base, exceeding the mucronate sepals; carpids smooth, pubescent: seeds smooth.—Has. Naturalized in the Blue Mountains of Jamaica!, AZ, at Abbey-green; [introduced from Europe]. XLVIT. OXALIDEA. Petals 5, twisted. Stamens 10, usually shortly monadelphous, PistiZ syncarpous : styles 5, distinct. Hmbryo straight: cotyledons foliaccous; albumen thin.—Leaves com- pound. Acid oxalates are general in the herbage. OXALIDER. 138 1. OXALIS, L. Sepals 5, distinct, or united at the base. Capsule 5-lobed, loculicidal. Seeds covered with a fleshy testa, which separates from the inner integument.—Leaves usually trifoliolate. * Leaves rosulate ; cyme umbelliform. 1. O. Martiana, Zuce. Tubers aggregate; leaves basilar, stipulate : leaflets 3, sessile, broadly obcordate, with s narrow sinus, hairy, glandular beneath ; cymes umbelliform, cer- nuous ; sepals biglandular at the top, blunt, distinct; petals violet; stamens hairy, the longer expecting the hairy styles—Bot. Mag. ¢. 3938.—O. bipunctata, Grah., Macf.— Petioles often 1/-long; petals 8-10" long—Has. Jamaica!, AZ. in the mountains, S. Anns; 8. Vincent !, Gutdd. ; [Mexico!, Brazil!, Buenos Ayres !]. he tS ** Stem leafy, herbaceous ; leaflets 3, sessile, obcordate. / 2. O. corniculata, Z. Annual; stem creeping at the base, diffuse; stipules petiolar ; leaflets sessile, obcordate ; cymes few—]-flowered : pedicels at length recurved ; petals yellow ; longer stamens nearly as long as the styles; capsule pubescent, many-seeded.—Jacg. Oxal. #, 4.—O. stricta, Sw. Observ. (non L.).—West Indian forms : 8. microphylia, Poir. Stem low, emitting rooting runners ; leaflets small, ciliate: sinus spreading ; peduncles 1-2-flowered.—O. corniculata, 8, repens, Zuce.—The most common, form: ideutical specimens occur in New Zealand! and Ascension ! . pubescens. Stem long, ascending; leaflets pubescent: sinus narrow; peduncles 2-flowered, pubescent.— O. jamaicensis, Macf. !--The same form occurs in southern Spain !: another variety (O. villosa, MB.), more common in southern Europe, is much smaller, and combines 8 and +, having the leaves of the former, the pubescence of the latter, and the growth of a. Has. Jamaica!, A. (8) ; S. Kitts!, Dominica!, Zmr. (y) ; Trinidad!, Cr. (y); [Mexico! to Chili!, Sandwich Islands! to New Zealand !, China! to Mauritius!, Levant! and Medi- terranean region! to the Cape!; introduced in Middle Europe as far north as 56° L.B.]. *** Stem leafy ; leaflets 3. terminal distant. 3. O. Barrelieri, Jacg. Annual, herbaceous, or suffrutescent, pubescent ; leaves sti- pulate : leaflets ovate or ovate-oblong, blunt or pointed; peduncles bifid: cymes corymbi- form ; sepals distinct ; petals pale-purple, and yellow-variegated at the base ; longer stamens as long as the styles; capsule ovate-oblong: seeds 2-3 in each cell, transversely rugose.— Jacq. Oxal. t. 3.—Stem about 1! high; leaflets variable, pubescent or glabrous, glaucous beneath, 8!"-12" long.—HaB. Trinidad!, Zockh., Cr. ; [Guadeloupe!, Panama!, Venezuela !, Brazil !, Galapagos !]. 4. O. sepium, 5%. Hi7. Annual, Aerbaceous, or suffrutescent, glabrous ; leaves stipu- late, glabrate : leaflets oval or oval-roundish, rounded or emarginate at the top, membra- naceous, glaucous beneath; peduncles bifid: cymes corymbiform; sepals distinct; petals yellow ; longer stamens exceeding the styles; capsule ovate-oblong: seeds 2-3 in each cell, transversely rugose.—Dese. Fl. 1. ¢. 832.—O. hedysaroides, Zuce. (non Kth.), ex synon. O. Plumieri, Sted. /—Stem more slender than in the preceding, which is nearly allied—Has. oe Imr.; 8. Vincent !, Guild. ; [Guadeloupe!, Martinique!, Panama!, Ecuador!, razil !]. 5. O. frutescens, L. Shrubby ; leaves stipulate, pubescent: leaflets oval, rounded or emarginate at the top; cymes umbelliform, few-flowered, not exceeding the leaves; sepals distinct ; petals yellow; longer stamens exceeding the styles; capsule oval-oblong: seeds 2-8 in each cell, tubercled.—Bot. Reg. t.810.—O. Plumieri, Jacg.—A low, tortuous shrub : the herbaceous extremities leafy.— HaB. Dominica !, Imr.; S. Vincent! ; [Martinique]. Averrhoa Bilimbi, L. (Desc. Fl. 5. t. 333), and 4. Carambola, L. (ib. t. 335), have been introduced from the East Indies, and are cultivated in Jamaica and in the Caribbean Islands. - 184 RUTACHE. LXVIII. ZYGOPHYLLEA. Sepals distinct. Petals mostly imbricative, Stamens 2(-1)-seriate, distinct. Pistit synearpous: styles combined. Eméryo straight, with the cotyledons plane: albumen corneous or none.—Leaves stipulate, usually compound and opposite, devoid of pellucid dots. ; The celebrated alterative gum-resin, Guajacum, is obtained from the wood of both the West Indian species of the genus so called; this wood, named Lignum Vita, is very hard and heavy, its specific gravity being 1°3. 1. TRIBULUS, LZ. Sepals 5 (-6). Stamens 10 (-5). Pericarp 5-10(-12)-coccous: carpids indehiscent, tubercled or spinose. mdbryo exalbuminous.—Herbs; leaves abruptly pinnate, opposite. Sect. 1. Evrripuius.—Calyx deciduous, Carpids 5, divided internally by transverse di 43 an: smenks ¥ ded 1 s into 1 part: 1. 'T. cistoides, Z. Perennial; leaflets 8(—-3)-jugal, silky beneath, shortly oblong ; peduncles as long as the leaf, 1-flowered; sepals lanceolate, acuminate, half as lony as the petals; stamens 10; carpids 5~8-seeded, leaving by their separation no central axis, tubercled, and 2—1-spinose: spines divergent.—ds. Gr. Gen. 2. ¢. 145 ; Desc. Fl. 4. ¢. 250, —Petals yellow, 8-10" long, imbricative-—Has. Jamaica!, Dis¢., common in the southern salt-pastures; [tropical seashores of all continents, Florida, Texas, Cuba!, and Mexico to Venezuela}, Cape Verde Islands!, Mozambique!, East Indies !, Sandwich Islands!, Gala- pagos !]. Sect. 2. Kanistramia.—Caly2 persistent. Carpids 10 (-12), separating from the central axis, 1-seeded, _ 2 T. maximus, J. Annual, suffrutescent, prostrate; leaflets 3-4(-2)-jugal, hairy beneath, obliquely oblong or oval: stipules lanceolate-linear ; peduncles nearly as long as the leaf; sepals subulate, a little exceeded by the petals; stamens 10; carpids keeled, ’ tubercled, unarmed.—S7, ¢. 182. f. 1; Br. Jam. t. 21. f. 83; ds. Gr. Gen. 2. t. 146.— T. decolor, Macf.! Kallstreemia, Torr. et Gr.—Petals pale-tawny, 2!"-3' long; twisted.— Has. Jamaica!, Dist., A/., common in pastures ; S. Vincent !, Gui/d.; [Texas !, California !, Mexicol, Panama !), 2. GUAJACUM, ZL. Sepals. Stamens 10: anthers recurved. Ovary stipitate: cells 8-10-ovulate. Peri- carp somewhat fleshy, 5-2-celled, tardily septicidal: cells 1-seeded by abortion, compressed and keeled. Hméryo included within a rimose albumen.—Trees or shrubs ; leaves abruptly ‘pinnate, opposite, coriaceous, glabrous ; peduncles 1-8, terminal, 1-flowered ; petals blue. | 3. G. officinale, Z. Leaflets 2-jugal, obovate or oval, blunt; sepals oval, pubescent, 3 times exceeded by the petals; fruit obovate-roundish, retuse.—S/. ¢. 222. f. 8-6; Tuss. Fl. 4.4.85; Desc. Fl.7.¢.463.—A middle-sized or low tree ; leaflets 12""-G"” long, evergreen ; petals spathulate, 6” long—Has. Jamaica!, Macf., Pd., Al., March, in the arid southern plains, to Trinidad !, Lockh. ; [Cuba to Venezuela !]. ' 4. G. sanctum, J. Leaflets 5-4-jugal, obliquely lanceolate-elliptical, or obovate, pointed or blunt; sepals oval, glabrous, half as long as the petals; fruit obovate-roundish, imucronate——Commel. Ht. t. 88; As. Gr. Gen. 2. t. 148.—G. verticale, Rich. Cub.— Leaflets 12!-8" long; petals obovate, 6” long—Has. Bahamas!, Swoains. ; [Key-West, ‘Cuba, Haiti!, Portorico}. XLIX. RUTACEA. (Diosmez, Zanthoxyles, Simarubez.) Stamens usually 2-1-seriate. Pis¢id syncarpous, with the ovaries usually distinct above : ovules 2 (1-several) in each cell. Pericarp capsular and mostly divided into distinct, follicular RUTACEA. 185 cocci, with the endocarp usually separated and 2-valved, or fleshy.—Leaves (in the West Indian genera compound, or unifoliolate,) usually exstipulate. Essential oils are general in the first and second tribe, and in some cases the aromatic principle is combined with a bitter substance (Hsenbeckia). In the tribe of Simarubee, a bitter principle is the universal character, and the bark of several species (Quassia, Si- maruba) is known as the drug Quassia, containing Quassiin. Some Rutace@ produce a valuable timber: Zsendeckia affords excellent walking-sticks (Gasparilla colorado). ‘ Trips J. PILOCARPE4:.— Stamens hypogynous, or inserted into an hypogynous disc. Endocarp bivalved. Albumen none.—Leaves usually dotted with pellueid points. 1. PILOCARPUS, V. Calyx 5-lobed. Petals valvate above. Stamens 5, inserted below a large disc. Ovary 5-lobed, enclosed within the dise: styles short, distinct at the immersed base, combined above. Folliculi distinct, monosperm. esta membranaceous,—Shrubs; leaves dotted, 1(-8)-foliolate ; flowers in terminal racemes. 1. P. racemosus, VY. Glabrous; leaves elliptical, rounded at the top; raceme lax. —Plum, Ed. Burm. t.127; Vahl, Eelog. t.10: anal—a shrub, specimens of which I have only seen in the British Museum: habit of Zwxania.—Has. Montserrat!, in the mountains, 7. 2. ESENBECKIA, Kzh. Sepals 5, distinct. Petals imbricative. Stamens 5, inserted below or upon a cupuliform or dilated disc. Ovary slightly 5-lobed: style simple, with a capitate stigma. Capsule muricate, loculicidal, and at length septicidal: pericarp separated from the cartilaginous, bipartite, 1-seeded endocarp. esta chartaceous.—Trees or shrubs; leaves dotted, usually alternate, digitate or unifotiolate: leaflets quite entire ; flowers in terminal or axillary racemes: special peduncles bearing 8—-1-flowered cymules ; petals dotted. Sect. 1. EursENBECKIA.— Stamens inserted below the cupuliform, hypogynous disc. 2. BE. pentaphylla, Gr. Leaves digitate: leaflets 5-8, elliptical-oblong, blunt, pe- tiolulate ; racemes compound, pubescent : cymules 3-2-flowered ; “capsule turbinate, mu- ricate.”—Galipea, Macf. /—A middle-sized tree ; leaflets 5-8” long, the terminal ones often larger: veins rather prominent; racemes as long as the leaves; sepals roundish, ciliate ; petals yellowish, obovate, spreading, 14’” long; ovary encircled by the disc, papillose,— Has. Jamaica!, Maof., Pd., Al., March, in the distr. of Port-Royal. ; 3. E. attenuata, Gr. (x. sp.). Leaves unifoliolate, oblong-lanceolate, blunt, gradually tapering towards the base ; racemes simple, puberulous : special peduncles bibracteolate, ] (-3)- flowered ; capsule globose, echinate: endocarp with « notch.—A tree; leaves 6-4" long, 13-1" broad ; racemes 2-8 times shorter than the leaves, with appressed, deciduous hairs : special peduncles 2!'-3!" long, bearing the bracteoles at the middle; sepals roundish, ci- liate ; petals ovate, with a bluntish point, 2” long, pubescent externally ; disc obsoletely lobed, as high as the papillose ovary; capsule 10 diam.: spines subulate, compressed, 13!"-1" long: endocarp pale, cartilaginous, constricted below by a semilunar notch, which is formed by its funicular part remaining membranaceous, and becoming brown and sepa- rated by rupture (A. Jussien’s endocarpial membrane) ; seeds 5!" long, ovate : testa brown, thin, rigid.— Has. Trinidad!, Pd., Cr., in mountain-woods. Sect. 2. Porempryum (Hsenbeckia, Mart.) —Stamens inserted upon the inside of the spreading, hypogynous dise. 4, Ei. castanocarpa, Gr. Leaves unifoliolate, elliptical-oblong, with a bluntish point, shortly tapering at the base; racemes filiform, glabrescent, cernuous, simple or divided at the base: cymules 3-1 -floweved, inferior distant ; capsule globose, tubercled: endocarp with- out a notch.—Juss. in Mém. Mus. 12. ¢. 28. f. 49: fruit.—Polembryum, 4. Juss. Es. pi- locarpoides, Schét. sec. Hb. Hook. (non Kth.: Kunth’s figure, though agreeing in habit, 186 RUTACES. presents the structure of Sect. 1).—A low tree; leaves 6/'-3" long, 24-1" broad, usually with black dots beneath; racemes about half the length of the leaves, with appressed, very short down: inferior cymules longer-pedaneled ; sepals ovate-roundish, scarcely ciliolate ; petals glabrous, ovate-roundish, 13! long; disc forming abroad, flat ring round the ovary, exceeded by the short style; filaments short, inserted near the margin of the disc, between its slight lobes; capsule 8!" diam.: tubercles bluntly conical, the larger ones scarcely 1" long: endocarp pale, cartilaginous, bipartite, with the divisions oblong, without a notch at the base; seeds 5” long, ovate, pointed: testa brown, chartaceous, with a round, shining, black spot at the hilum; embryo straight: cotyledons fleshy, plano-convex, with a short radicle—Has. Trinidad |, Sted. (Hb. Trin. 84), Pd., Cr., in the mountains: a form with the leaves more coriaceous, but apparently not otherwise distinct, was sent by Pd, from the island of Gasparis (near the entrance of the Paria Bay). 8. PELTOSTIGMA, Walp. (Pachystigma, Hook., non Hochst.) Sepals 4(-8), two smaller, exterior. Petals 4, imbricative. Stamens indefinite, inserted upon a low carpophorous disc. Ovary entire, 8-celled, 8-sulcate: stigma large, depressed, 8-lobed, subsessile. Capsule 8-coccous: cells 2(-1)-seeded, dehiscent on the inner side, and separated from the bivalved endosperm. Seed suspended from a fleshy, clavated fani- culus: testa coriaceous.—A low tree; leaves ternate, alternate, dotted ; flowers large, in loose, few-flowered, fastigiate cymes. : 5. P. pteleoides, Walp. Hook. Ic. ¢. 698.—Pachystigma, Hook.—A small, fragrant, glabrous tree ; leaflets elliptical, pointed at both ends, 4-2" long, quite entire, or with a few serratures above: the terminal often larger, and narrowly tapering at the base; cymes 8~-2-chotomons, axillary or lateral, nearly as long as the leaf, sometimes reduced to a single flower; sepals deciduous, roundish, interior 1(-2) coloured, twice as long as the exterior, and equalling the corolla; petals obovate, 6!” long, white, puberulous externally ; stamens about 30; ovary velutinous ; capsule globose, 10/"-12" diam., divided to the base, glabrous: endocarp (pale, cartilaginous, without a notch: testa brown: embryo unknown. —Has. Jamaica!, Pd., in the Santa Cruz mountains, S. Elizabeth. Triwe Il. ZANTHOXYLEZ.—Stamens hypogynous: ovary abortive in the male flower. Seeds albuminous : testa crustaceous.— Flowers diccious; leaves usually dotted with pel- lncid points. 4. TOBINIA, Desv. (Fagara, Sw., non Jacg.; Zanthoxyli sect. Tobinia, P?. Curib.) Calyx 3-lobed, or 8-partite. Petals 8. Stamens as many. Ovary 3(-1)-celled, with the carpels distinct above, cohering at the base: stigma common, capitate, subsessile. Fo/- liculi 3-1, distinct to the base, sessile; endocarps separated, bivalved.—Woody plants, often armed with long, spreading prickles ; \eaves without pellucid dots, coriaccous, shining, impari-pinnate, with the terminal leaflet sometimes abortive: petiole not winged ; cymes - many-flowered ; calyx minute, much exceeded by the small, oval, whitish, imbricative petals ; anthers purple, cordate, exserted. This West Indian genus, hitherto reduced to Zanthozylum, approaches Diosmea by the endocarp early loosened, and completely bivalved: its habit is peculiar, and the glabrous leaves are devoid of the pellucid dots which are so general among Zanthoxylee. The species are nearly allied, and neither the existence of prickles, which occur on the axis, the leaflets, the petioles, and chiefly on the younger parts, nor the number of leaflets or carpids, afford specific characters, * Cymes axillary, contracted ; leaflets with black dots. 6. T. ternata, Desv. “ Leaflets 3, obovate, quite entire, dotted with black points beneath, petiolulate ; cymes contracted, axillary ; calyx 3-partite ; carpids globose, 3!~1"!.” —Zanthoxylum, Sw.—A low shrub, usually unarmed—Has. Dominica (Sw.) ; [Cuba], on the seashore, : " RUTACER. 137 Ppanctata; Gr;-of-S--Croix-end-Guedeleupe|-is~neerly-allied, but has ‘the-leaflets~cre- cuulate,-laneeglate-ohlong;-6—1-jugal. 7. 'T. punctata, Gr. Leaflets {-1-jugal, lanceolate-oblong, or elliptical, dotted with black points beneath, crenulate with minute crenatures: lateral petiolules short ; cymes contracted, axillary; calyx 3-partite; carpids subglobose, 3—-1.—Zanthoxylum, West.—A shrub, often with solitary prickles on the back of the midrib, and on the petioles; carpids minute, 3!" diam.—Has. Antigual, Wudischl.; [S. Croix, Guadeloupe !]. ** Cymes terminal ; leaves without black dots. 8. 'T. spinosa, Desv. Very prickly ; Zeajlets small, 10-6-jugal, lanceolate-oblong or oval, dotless, crenulate with minute crenatures, subsessile ; “cymes terminal: calyx 3- lobed ;” carpids .. . —Zanthoxylum, Sw.—A shrub or tree; leaves prickly, when the plant is young, on the back of the midribs, and especially on the petiole ; leaflets 12/4!" long. —Has. Jamaica (Sw.); Dominica !, Jmr., on arid hills. 9. 'T. acuminata, Desv. Leaflets 5-3-jugal, ovate-oblong, dotless, pointed, crenulate with minute crenatures : petiolules very short; cymes compact in a terminal, corymbiform, interrupted panicle ; calyx 3-lobed ; “ carpids globose, solitary by abortion.”—Zanthoxylum, Sw. (non Maef.). Z. aculeatum, Macfi—A shrub ; leaflets 2" long, 1 broad: terminal sometimes abortive : petiolules 4!” long —Has. Jamaica !, Pd., in mountain-woods, S. Anns, Port-Royal. ; 10. T. emarginata, Desv. Leaflets 4-2-jugal, oval or oblong, dotless, shining above, blunt or emarginate, quite entire: petiolules’ short; cymes terminal (and axillary), corym- biform, compound ; calyx 3-lobed ; carpids obliquely globose, 3(-1).—/SV. t. 168. f. 4; Br. Jam. t. 20. f. 2; Rich. Cub. t. 34.—Zanthoxylum, Sw. Z. sapindoides, DC. 2. coria- ceum, Rich. Sapindus spinosus, Z.—A shrub or tree ; leaflets variable, 3-2" long, 14/-1" broad: terminal usually abortive: veins densely reticulated, rather prominent above : petio- Inles 2" long ; cymes lax or compact ; carpids 2!"-3'” diam.— Has. Jamaica !, Wils., March, on dry hills; [Cuba !]. 1l. T. coriacea, Desv. Leaflets 2-8(-4)-jugal, elliptical or elliptical-oblong, dotless, pointleted with a bluntish point, quite entire, or obsoletely crenulate : petiolules long ; cymes terminal (and axillary), compound, corymbiform: pedicels as long as the flower; calyx 8-lobed; carpids obliquely globose, mucronate, solitary by abortion.—Zanthoxylum acumi- natum, Macf.! (non Sw.).—A shrubby tree ; leaflets 3” long, 2-1” broad, terminal abortive : petiolules 6-2’! long, dilated towards the lamina; carpids 2’ diam., aromatic.—Has. Jamaica !, Macf., March, by roadsides. 5. FAGARA, Jacq. (Zanthoxyli sect. Fagara, P7, Carib.) Calyx 4(-5)-lobed. Petals 4(-5). Stamens as many. Carpels 2(-8), distinct. Foldi- culi 2 (8-1) ; endocarp at length separated, bivalved—Prickly shrubs: prickles stipular ; leaves impari-pinnate: leaflets sessile, terminal rarely abortive: petiole winged; cymes usually contracted, axillary ; petals and exserted anthers yellowish. 12. F. microphylla, Desf. Stipular prickles straight ; leaflets 8-1-jugal, oval or ‘spathulate, emarginate or blunt, gute entire, glabrous, leathery, bitubercled at the base beneath, devoid of pellucid dots: petiole unarmed, with the joints lanceolate; flowers in a short glomerule ; carpids 2-1, globose, mucronate, subsessile—Br. Jam. t. 5. f. 1; Jacg. Fragm. t. 6. f. 2.—F. pterota, L., partim (exelus. syn. SI). Zanthoxylum spinifex, Jacg.— A low, tortuous, leafy shrub ; prickles 1!" long; leaflets 6’’-3’" long; carpids 14” diam.— Has. Jamaica:(P. Br.), 8. Kitts, Antigua!, Nichols. ; Dominica!, Jmr.; Barbadoes!, on the arid seashore ; [Venezuela]. 13. F. tragodes, Jacg. “‘Stipular prickles recurved ; leaflets 6-4-jugal, spathulate, blunt, quite entire, glabrous, leathery:: petiole with solitary prickles at the base of the leaflet- pairs : joints spathulate ; flowers glomerate.”—Jacg. Amer. Pict. t. 19.—* A shrub, 5’ high; stipular prickles 2" long ; leaflets of the preceding.”—Has. Nevis (Hamilt.) ; [Haiti]: { 14, F. lentiscifolia, W. Stipular prickles recurved ; leaflets 6-4-jugal, oval or ob- 138 RUTACES. evate, emarginate or blunt, crenate, glabrous, bitubercled at the hase beneath, dotted with pellucid points chiefly below the crenatures: petiole unarmed, with the joints lanceolate ; + flowers in an oblong, glomerule; carpids 2-1; globose, mucronate, as long as the carpo- phore.—Sl. t. 162. 7.1; Lam. Ml. t. 84; Desc. Fl. 7. t. 455.—¥. pterota, L. (guoad syn. Si.). Zanthoxylum pterota, Kth., Macf., As. Gr—A high shrub; leaflets 12-5” long. —Has. Jamaica!, Wright, in thickets; Bahamas !, Swadns.; S. Kitts, Nevis; Trinidad t Pa., Or. ; (Florida!, Texas! ; Cuba]. 6. ZANTHOXYLUM, ZL. (Zanthoxyli sect. Euxanthoxylum, P/. Carib. ; sect. Ochroxylum e¢ Langsdorffia, Juss.) Petals 5. Stamens as many. Ovaries 5-1, distinct or cohering in the axis: stigmas connivent or cohering. olliculi 5-1: endocarp adhering to the valves, or separated on the margin.—Trees ; leaves impari-pinnate, rarely unifoliolate, dotted with pellucid points ; flowers i a dense panicle. ‘Sect. 1. Kampmann1a.—Stigma peltate by cohesion, subsessile.—Leaves impari-pinnate. we 15. Z. clava-Hlerculis, L. (ex syn. P. Br... Leaflets 10-5-jugal, lanceolate-oblong, quite entire or minutely serrate, subsessile, glabrous above, puberulous along the nerves or glabrate beneath: pellucid dots scattered: petiole puberulous, prickly; panicles terminal and axillary, pubescent ; ovaries 5, cohering in the axis; folliculi 5-2, erect, sessile.—SI. #172; Lam. Iii. t. 811; Desc. Fl. 2. ¢. 98.—Z. caribeeum, Lam. 4%. lanceolatum, Poir. —A.tree, 20'-50! high ; leaflets pointed, variable, the inferior sometimes elliptical : prickles short, straight; panicle 2"'-4” diam. ; folliculi 3’” long, inserted into a conical, central axis : endocarp loosened on the margin.—Has. Jamaica !, all coll., common; S. Lucia!, Anders. ; (Cuba!, Guadeloupe 1]. 16. Z. microcarpum, Gr. (2. sp,). Leaflets 9-6-jugal, lanceolate, crenate-serrate, subses- sile, glabrous above, puberulous chiefly on the midrib beneath : pellncid dots numerous : petiole pubervlous, unarmed ; panicles terminal, pubescent ; follicuh solitary by abortion, plobose, sessile—Habit of the preceding, to which it is nearly allied; leaflets 2” long, 8" broad, pointed ; panicle aries, 4!'-6" diam., without warts; folliculi tardily dehiscent, 14!" diam., inserted into the minute torus, usually together with a second abortive one—Haz. Dominica!, Lar. 17, Z. aromaticum, 7. Leaflets 6-2-jugal, elliptical or oblong, crenate, with the crenatures broadly truncate, petiolulate, glabrous : pellucid dots numerous : petiole glabrous ; panicles terminal and axillary, y/abrous, verrucose ; ovaries 5, cohering in the axis ; folliculi 2 (-5), cernuous, at length shorter than the distinct carpophores.—Jacq. Eclog. t. 70.— Z. elephantiasis, Macf—A tree, about 20’ high: prickles short, subulate, or none ; leaflets - glandular beneath: one series of glands between the crenatures; panicle spreading, 3!'—5" diam. ; carpophores divergent, thickened at the top, 8’’-4’” long; endocarp adhering to the valves.—Has, Jamaica!, 4/., March, in mountain-woods; [Haiti, Guadeloupe !]. 4. Sumach, Gr., Pl. Carib. (wom Macf.), is an allied Guadeloupe species, distinguished by shorter carpophores, and the leaflets subentire. , Sect. 2. OcnroxyLum.—Style in the male flower distinct : 2 unknown.—Leaves unifoliolate. 18. Z.? ochroxylum, DC. Leaves elliptical, quite entire, glabrous: pellucid dots numerous: petiole articulated below the top; panicles terminal, spreading, nearly as long as the leaves, slightly puberulous; rudimentary ovaries in ¢ 3, cohering, stalked by a gy- nophore, shorter than the single style. —Ochroxylum punctatum, Sekreb.—Branches leafy ; leaves 3-14" long, bluntish, veiny: petiole 10"'-4" long; calyx 5-fid, minute ; petals scarcely 1” long, equalling the 5 filaments and the style-—Has. Dominica !, Lmr.; (S. Jean]. 7. BRUNELLIA, RB. P. Calyx 5-4(-7)-partite, valvate. Petals 0. Stamens 10~8 (-14), inserted into a disc. -Ovaries 6-4 (-8), distinct : styles as many, distinct, Folliculi with the endocarp at length se- RUTACES. 189 ‘parated, bivalved.—Trees ; leaves opposite or whorled, impari-pinnate or ‘unifoliolate, devoid of pellucid dots ; flowers in corymbiform, axillary, and terminal panicles ; calyx coloured. 19. B. comocladifolia, Kti. Branchlets and petioles rusty-tomentose : leaves pin- nate : Zeaflets 5-11-jugal, lanceolate-oblong, serrudate, penninerved, glabrous above, tomen- tose along the midrib beneath : serratures mucronulate ; corymbs subsessile, much exceeded. ‘by the leaves ; calyx yellow, exceeded by the stamens:i—Humb. Pl. Hguin. t. 59.—Zantho- xylum Sumach, Macf.! (non Gr.).—A tree, about 20! high; leaflets 3" long, 1” broad, shortly petiolulate ; calyx tomentose, 5-partite, 1! long; stamens 10.—Has. Jamaica!, ‘Macf., common in the higher mountains; [Mexico!, Venezuela!, New Granadal, Peru]. Trips Ill. SIMARUBEZ—Stamens usually proceeding from an hypogynous scale, Pericarp fleshy, rarely capsular. Testa membranaceous,—Leaves without pellucid dots. 8. QUASSIA, Z, Calyx 5-partite. Petals contorted, erect. Stamens 10, exserted, proceeding from a basi- ‘lar scale. Ovaries 5, distinct, uniovulate: style common, simple. Carpels drupaceous. Embryo exalbuminous : cotyledons semiovoid.— A. low glabrous tree; leaves zmpari-pinnate : petiole winged ; flowers large, crimson, in terminal racemes. 20. Q. amara, L.f'—Desc. Fl.1. ¢. 5.—Leaflets 5, elliptical-oblong, pointed, quite entire, tapering towards the base, subsessile at the petiolar strictures ; calyx, 1’, petals 16” long: drupes biangular-ovoid, 4’”-6’” long, black, with a pale spot at the'base : endocarp erustaceous.—Has. Trinidad!: Cr., introduced into Jamaica!, St. Vincent!; [Panama!, Venezuela !, Guiana! to Maranhao!]. 9, SIMABA, Awél. Calyx 4-5-partite. Stamens 8-10, included, proceeding from a long, emarginate scale. Ovaries 4-5, distinct, uniovulate, inserted upon a gynophore: style common. Carpids sub- drupaceous. Eméryo exalbuminous, straight.—Leaves pinnate, or ternate, coriaceous : leaf- lets quite entire. : - 21. S. orinocensis, Ath. Leaflets 7-3, distant, spathulate, emarginate or blunt, glau- cous beneath, glabrous; flowers racemose: racemes peduncled, powdery, usually zx a -terminal panicle.—Kth. N. Gen. 6. t. 614,—S. guianensis, Planch. partim.—A tree; leaf- lets 3-14” long, subsessile, usually opposite; flowers small, about 2’ long: calyx and -corolla deciduous ; filaments as long as the oblong hairy scale ; ovaries as long as the gyno- ‘phore : style short, simple.—Has. St. Vincent !, Guild. ; [Guiana!, equatorial Brazil !]. 10. SIMARUBA, Azéi. Flowers dicecious, Calyx ‘5-fid. Stamens 10, included, proceeding from a roundish . seale. Ovaries 5, uniovulate: style 5-fid. Carpids drupaceous. Zméryo exalbuminous : cotyledons semiovoid.—Trees; leaves abruptly pinnate: leaflets multyugal, alternate, petiolulate, deciduous, quite entire, coriaceous ; flowers in few-flowered cymules: cymules distant, in a spreading terminal panicle. 22. S. amara, dubl. Leaflets oblong or lanceolate-oblong, mucronate with a bluntish -poiut, green on both sides ; panicle exceeded by the leaves} petals spreading.— Awl. ¢. 332. _—S. officinalis, DC.—A high. tree; leaflets quite glabrous, or pubescent beneath—Has. Dominica!, Imr., St. Vincent !, Anders. ; [Guiana]. 23. S. glauca, Kth. Leajlets spathulate-oblong, or lanceolate, rounded at the top, ‘pale-glaucous beneath, glabrous; panicle nearly as long as the leaves ; petals spreading. — -Dese. Fl. 1. ¢. 14.—S. officinalis, Magf. 8. medicinalis, Exd/—A tree, about 20’ high; calyx scarcely 1/” long ; petals 3” long, yellow, oblong, blunt, contorted; drupes-biangular- ovoid, dark-purple, dry, woody, 8” long—Has. Jamaica!, ‘Nab, Maef., Al., March, common in the mountain-woods ; [Cuba!, Florida !}. 11, SPATHELIA, L. ‘Flowers polygamous. Calyx 5-leaved,-coloured. Stamens 5, alternating with the petals, poy 140 RUTACEA. proceeding from an emarginate scale (which, however, is sometimes abortive). Ovary 8-celled: cells biovulate; style short, tripartite. “Pertcarp dry, woody, 3(-2)-angular. Embryo albuminous, straight.”—Trees without branches, bearing pinnate leaves and large panicles at the extremity of the stem; leaflets maultijugal, oblique at the base: rhachis woody ; panicle constituted of numerous corymbiform cymes’: flowers red. 24, S. simplex, LZ. Leaflets 20-40-jugal, puberulous and glabrate beneath, oblong- lanceolate or linear-lanceolate acuminate, or falcate, crenate or quite entire: petiole sub- ‘cylindrical ; panicle powdery.—Sl. t.171.—S..glabrescens, Planch./: a form with the ‘villous stamen-scales abortive, and the filaments consequently hypogynous, subulate, glabrous. —Stem slender, resembling a Palm, 20’-50/ high; leaves and panicles several feet long; leaflets extremely variable, opposite or alternate, sessile or petiolulate, cordate or obliquely rounded at the base, crenate below the middle or to the top, or repand and quite entire.—-. Has. Jamaica!, Dist., Pd., Al., March, common in the lower limestone-hills. 12. CASTELA, Zurp. Flowers dicecious. Calyx 4-partite. Stamens 8, proceeding from a disc: anthers extrorse. Ovaries 4, distinct, uniovulate: style 4-partite. Carpids drupaceous. Embryo straight, included within a thin albumen: cotyledons leafy.—Low spiny shrubs; leaves simple, small, quite entire, articulated with the branch ; flowers clustered or solitary in the azils, yellow. : ‘ 25. ©. erecta, Turp. Spines usually extra-axillary; JZeaves lanceolate, subsessile, tapering at the base, silky-pubescent beneath ; divisions of the style revolute—Ann. Mus. 7.t.5 B; Bot. Mise. 1.2.55; As. Gr. Gen. Bor. Amer. t. 158.—C, Nicholsonii, Hook,! —Leaves 4!”—6’" long —Has. Antigua!, Nichols.; (‘Texas !]. : 13, PICRENA, Lindl. Flowers polygamous. Calyx 5(—4)-fid. Stamens 5(-4), exserted, proceeding from a disc. Ovaries 3, distinct: style 3-partite. Carpids drupaceous: seeds solitary, ascending. Zm- éryo exalbuminous, undivided.—A tree; leaves impari-pinnute ; flowers in corymbiform, panicled cymes. 26. P. excelsa, Lind/.—Act. Holm. 1788, t. 8.—Quassia, Sw. Q, polygama, Linds. Simaruba excelsa, DC—A high tree ; leaflets 9-11, opposite, petiolulate, oblong or oblong- lanceolate, with a blunt point, leathery, glabrous, quite entire, 4-2" long ; panicles axillary, pubescent, much exceeded by the leaf; calyx minute; petals 1" long, oblong, pale-yellowish- green; drupes globose, black, 6’’-3’” diam— Has. Jamaica !, Macf., Pd., Ad., common in the lowlands ; Antigua!, Nichols., St. Vincent !, Anders. \ 14, PICRAMNIA, Sw. Flowers dicecious. Calyx 3-5-fid. Petals 3-5 (-0), small, pointed. Stamens 3-5, opposite the petals, inserted below a disc. Ovary 2-3-celled : cells biovulate: stigmas 2-8, subsessile. Pericarp baccate: seeds solitary, pendulous. mbryo exalbuminons, undivided. —Shrubs or low trees ; leaves tmpari-pinnate : leaflets usually alternate, petiolulate ; flowers clustered : clusters in long, slender racemes. 27. P. pentandra, Sw, Leaflets 5-9, ovate-oblong, pointleted, glabrous; racemes puberulous, pendulous, often divided at the base, nearly as long as the leaves; petals 5, oblong-linear, exceeded by the stamens; berries oblong-ovoid or ovojd, rounded at both ends.—-Rich. Cub. t..36 A.—P. micrantha, Tud—A shrub, 10!-15! high; leaflets papery, shining, 3''-2" long: veins reticulated, prominulous on both sides ; petals 1" long; berries 5 long, 3! broad, reddish, at length dark-blue, or black, shining.—Has. Jamaica (Zul.); Antigua!, Wichols.; Montserrat; [Cuba!, Guadeloupe I]. ° 28. BP. antidesmoides, Gr. (x. sp.). Leaflets 5-7, lanceolate-elliptical, with a bluntish point, glabrous; $ racemes puberulous, pendulous, at length twice as long as the leaves: petals 5, linear ; berries obovoid, tapering from below the rounded top to the base.—Leaf- lets papery, 4-2" long, 14"-1"- broad: veins rather prominent beneath; petals of @ 1" long, male unknown ; berries shining, 6!'-8"" long, 8-4!" broad.—Has. Trinidad !, Cr. . ERICK. 141 29. PB. Antidesma, Sw. Leaflets 7~9, ovate-lanceolate or lanceolate-elliptical, with a bluntish point, glabrous or puberulous beneath, and glabrate; racemes puberulous, filiform, pendulous, twice or more exceeding the leaves: clusters somewhat distant ; petals 8, linear, exceeded by the stamens; berries ovoid, blunt at both ends.—S/. ¢. 208. f. 2.—A shrub, about 8! high; leaflets papery, 4!-2" long: principal veins prominulous beneath; racemes 1'-2! long; petals whitish-green, 1!" long; berries 4!-5" long, 3!" broad, scarlet, at length black, shining. —Has. Jamaica |, all coll., in mountain-thickets ; [Cuba!, Mexico!, Panama!, New Granada !]. 15. ALVARADOA, Liebm. Flowers dicecious. Calyx 5-partite, valvate. Petals 0 (-5?). Stamens 5, alternate with the calyx, inserted below the central disc: anthers 4-locular. ‘“ Ovary 2 (-3)-celled : cells biovulate ;” styles 2 (—3), short, recurved. Pericarp loculicidal, samaroid-compressed (or triangular, with a contracted commissure): seeds solitary in each cell, erect, with the testa membranaceous. Cotyledons flat, foliaceous: radicle inferior!; albumen almost none.— Shrubs; leaves zmpari-pinuate : leaflets approximate, multyjugal, alternating, shortly petiolu-_ late, glaucous beneath ; flowers small, S spinate, 9 racemose. 30. A. jamaicensis, Benth. (MS.). Leaflets 18~-20-jugal, oblong, emarginate, gla- brous, revolute on the margin ; stamens twice as long as the calyx; capsules oval-roundish, glabrous, as long as the puberulous pedicel—Branches leafy at the top ; leaflets 10""-6/" long, 3" broad,-rounded or subcordate at the base, rigid: petiolule ‘subglobose, 4!” diam. ; calyx 4" long; capsule 5! long, 4!" broad, rounded at both ends.—Has. Jamaica! , Pd., Al., March, on calcareous rocks, Union Hill, at 2000’. ; J. 81. A. amorphoides, Lichm. Leaflets 12-16-jugal, oblong, emarginate, pubescent beneath, flat on the margin ; stamens four times as long as the calyx ; capsules elliptical-lan- ceolate, acuminate, puberulous, and ciliate—A shrub, 6'-12' high; leaflets 8/5" long, 4!" broad, blunt at the base: petiolule 1” long ; capsule 6!” long, 2! broad, tapering at both ends, a little longer than the pedicel— Has. Bahamas |, Swains.; [Mexico!, Nicaragua !]. L. ERICEA. Stamens bi-uniseriate, mostly distinct from the corolla, which is usually sympetalous : anthers dehiscent by pores or slits, furnished often with appendages: pollen mostly cruciate. Pistil compound, originally paracarpous : placentas contiguous in the middle, mostly multi- ovulate : style usually simple. Zmdryo small, cylindrical, enclosed within a large endosperm. —Woody plants (rarely herbaceous) ; leaves entire, exstipulate. Resinous and astringent principles prevail in this Order. The berries of Vaccinium meri- dionale are eatable. Tripe I. CLETHREA.—Petals distinct or nearly so, deciduous. Stigma 3(-2) sid. Capsule loculicidal.—Buds devoid of scales, 1. CLETHRA, L. Sepals and petals 5. Stamens 10, reflexed in the bud: cells diverging at the top, de- hiscent by » terminal pore or introrse slit. Capsule 3-celled, many-seeded—Shrubs or trees ; flowers racemose, white: bracts deciduous. 41.6. tinifolia, Sv. Brancblets and petioles rusty-villous; Zeaves obovate-oblong or oval, quite. entire, or remotely denticulate, glabrous above, hoary-tomentose beneath: veins 10-16 on each side; racemes long, aggregate, hoary-tomentose: dracts filiform, as long as or exceeded by the recurved pedicel ; petals subciliate above ; anthers shortly mucronate at ‘the base: cells oblong, truncate at the large pore; style included.—S/. ¢. 198. f. 2 (exclus. fruct.). Br. Jam. ¢. 21. f. 1 (exelus. dese.).—Tinns occidentalis, Z. C. mexicana, DC.— ‘A timber-tree, or shrub, 40’-2' high ; leaves either quite entire, or with glanduliform teeth at the end of the excurrent veins; pedicels 3’” long.—Has. Jamaica!, Pd., 42., in woods ; Trinidad !, Cr. ; [Mexico!, Guiana, Brazil]. i : : 2. C. bracteata, Gr. (2. sp.). Branchlets, inflorescence, and petioles rusty-villous ; 4 142 ERICEZ. Jeaves elliptical-oblong, dénticulate, glabrous above, glabrate beneath: veins 8~12 on each side; racemes compound : 4racts subulate-filiform, as long as the flower ; petals subciliate above; anthers inversely arrow-shaped, acuminate at the base; style included.—Leaves leathery, 6”-8” long, pointed, blunt at the base, at first hoary-tomentose beneath, soon glabrous: teeth at the end of the branching veins, glanduliform, numerous: petiole 10!"—4!" long; panicle lax, terminal: bracts 3-4!" long, exceeding the buds: pedicels 1/”~2' long, Has. Jamaica!, Pd., on the summits of the Blue Mountains. 3. ©. Alexandri, Gr. (z. sp.). Branches and petioles rusty-woolly ; Zeaves elliptical, denticulate or subentire, g/abrate above, rusty-tomentose beneath: veins 8-10 on each side ; racemes aggregate, rusty-villous: dracts subulate-lanceolate, nearly as long as the flower ; petals subentire; anthers obcordate, shortly mucronate at the base: cells oblong, rounded at the top; style at length exserted.—A tortuous shrub: habit of C. fimbriata, Kth.; leaves thickish-rigid, 2-13" long, bluntish at both ends, at first woolly on both sides: veins straightish, impressed above: teeth glanduliform, about 1! distant from each other, or ob- solete: petiole 3’”-2” long; racemes spreading, 6-4! long: bracts 3! long: pedicels scarcely 1" long; sepals tomentose, oval-oblong, 14" long, a little exceeded by the obovate petals ; stamens included: anthers with a large, roundish pore; style very shortly 8-lobed ; capsule tomentose: seeds oval, encircled by a broad wing.—Has. Jamaica!, AZ., on the summits of the Blue Mountains. : TRIBE II. SIPHONQSTOMED.— Corolla sympetalous, deciduous. Anther-cells diverg= ing at the top, dehiscent by a terminal-introrse pore or slit. Pericarp loculicidal or baccate.—Buds enclosed within scales; leaves alternate. Supreme 1. ANDROMEDEH.—Capsule loculicidal, free. 2, LYONIA, Nude. Calyx 5-fid, valvate. Stamens 10-8, destitute of appendages: anthers recurved, dehiscent by pores, Capsule 5(-4)-celled, 10(—8)-valved, the sutures at length separating from the carpids.—Pedicels fascicled. 4, La. jamaicensis, Don. Branchlets puberulous, glabrate; leaves evergreen, gla- brous, lanceolate or elliptical-lanceolate, quite entire or repand, reticulated with veins, and at length punctate dencath ; pedicels axillary, crowded; calyx 5-fid, short; corolla oblong ; anthers 10, recurved, oblong, shortly mucronate at the base of both cells—Bot. Mag. ¢, 4273.—Andromeda, Sw. A. fasciculata, Sw. /—A tree or shrub; leaves bluntish, ash- coloured beneath ; pedicels 3’ long, scarcely as long as the petiole; corolla white, 2" long ; capsule-valves 10, linear—Has. Jamaica!, Maef., on the summits of the mountains. 3 5. a. octandra, Gr. Glabrous; leaves evergreen, lanceolate, quite entire: veins in- conspicuous ; pedicels axillary, clustered, exceeded by the petiole; calyx 4.fid, short ;co- rolla obloug-prismatical, contracted above; anthers 8, ovate-oblong, acuminate, rounded at the base.—Andromeda, Sw. Menziesia triflora, Berter, sec. DC.-—A shrub, 12/-15! high ; leaves polished, sometimes obsoletely punctate and pale-green beneath, 2" long, bluntish; pedicels 1" long; corolla 13” long; capsule unknown.—Has, Jamaica!, Pd., on high ‘mountains, Moorce’s Gap. 3. BROSSAA, DC. (emend.) Calyx deeply 5-fid, valvate, not fleshy in fruit. Stamens 10: anther-cells dehiscent by an oval foramen, each 2-awned at the top. Capsule 5-celled, many-seeded.—Leaves ever- green, serrulate ; pedicels axillary, solitary, or a few of the uppermost racemose from the reduction of leaves. 6. B. anastomosans, Gr.— Vent. Choix, t. 58.—Andromeda, Z. Epigea cordifolia, Sw./ Gualtheria buxifolia, VW. ex Pl. Moritz, G., anastomosans, Kti.—A low, branched shrub, 1! high, ascending with the hispid branches; leaves shortly petioled, ovate, sub- cordate at the base, pointed, glabrate, veiny, 8-12" long ; pedicels 4!" long, nodding ; calyx ERICES. 143 1" long : lobes triangular ; corolla crimson, ovate, contracted above, 3” long : limb erect, 3" long, with the lobes triangular ; sexual organs included.— Has. Trinidad (Sted.) ; [Gua- deloupe !, on the top of the mountains, Venezuela|, New Granada |). Suprrise 2. VA CCINIEZ.—Calyx adnate. 4, SPHYROSPERMUM, Pepp., Endl. Calyz-limb 4-5-toothed. Corolla ovate-urceolate. Stamens 4-6, distinct: anther-cells distinct above, tapering into a narrow tube, opening with an oval foramen. Ovary 2-4-5- celled : cells multiovulate. Pericarp baccate.—Epiphytical shrubs ; leaves distichous ; pe- dicels jiliform, axillary, simple. i 7. S. majus, Gr. (iz Pl. Lechl.). Branchlets and petioles puberulous ; eaves ovate, obtusate, d/unt, subcordate at the base, glabrous: petiole very short; pedicels solitary, as long as the leaf; calyx-tube pilose, globose ; anthers 4, bifid to the middle.-—Allied to S. buxifolium, Poepp., but leaves larger, and berry (in the Peruvian specimens) 4-celled, Branches rooting on trees ; leaves 1" long, 8!" broad ; pedicels cernuous, thickened at the top, nearly glabrous ; calyx 1" long, covered with long white hairs; corolla 2” long, as long as the stamens : its limb very short, recurved, 4-partite: the tube slit at the base or separated into four very short claws; connective bearing some hairs.—Has. Trinidad!, Cr.; [Peru!]. 5. SOPHOCLESIA, 7. Calyx-limb spreading, 4-5-toothed or entire, Corod/a tubulose, turgid above the base. Stamens 8-10, distinct: filaments alternately unequal: anther-cells distinct and tubuliform from the middle, opening with an oval or oblong foramen. Ovary 2~4~5-celled: cells multiovulate: style exserted. Berry dry.—Epiphytical shrubs: hadit of Sphyrospermum. 8. S. apophysata, Gr. (x. sp.). Glabrous ; leaves ovate or ovate-lanceolate, with a bluntish point; pedicels subsolitary, jointed and bibracteolate at the middle, twice or more exceeded by the leaf; calyx-tube swelling at the base into an annular apophysis: limb entire —An evergreen shrub: branches flaccid; leaves 2/-1” long, 18-8’ broad, rigid, quite entire, revolute on the margin, obsoletely quintuplinerved, polished and veinless beneath : petiole 4-2!" long, flat above; pedicels 4!"-8! long: bracteoles 3" long, ovate, contiguous at the base ; calyx 2!" long and broad: tube shortly campanulate, shorter than the spreading limb: apophysis convex on the margin and concave on the under side; corolla 8” long, 1!" diam. above, 2” above the base: limb erect, 5-partite+ segments linear, blunt, six times shorter than the tube; stamens very unequal, the longer ones not exceeding half the corolla: anthers punctate-scabrous, 14!" long, linear, shorter than the long and longer than the short filaments, inserted to the filament above their base; stigma simple, minute ; ovary 5-celled, protruding above its adnate base—Has. Trinidad!, Pd., Cr., in the hot region between ‘Arima and Aripa de Abaja, Tocuche. 6. THIBAUDIA, Kits. Calyz-limb 5-lobed. Corolla tubulose, turgid above the base. Stamens 10, distinct, of equal length: anther-cells distinct, tapering above into a narrow tube, opening with an elon- gated foramen. Ovary 5-celled: cells multiovulate. Berry dry.—Evergreen shrubs ; flowers usually in acillary racemes or corymbs. 9. T. latifolia, Gr. (a. sp.). Branchlets glabrous, cylindrical; Jeaves elliptical or roundish, septuplinerved, shortly cuneate at the base, glabrous ; racemes lax, usually aggre- gate, pubescent together with the small flowers ; bracts lanceolate, small, one at the base of the pedicel and two above it.—This species does not answer to any of the sections which Klotzsch has separated as genera from Thibaudia, but it is allied to my Peruvian Th. poly- antha, Crueger remarks that the corolla-tube is double, and both tubes 5-fid: this may have been a monstrosity, as it is not so in his specimens.—lieaves 9-3” long, 5-22” broad, sharply pointleted or bluntish, quite entire, leathery, with the nerves prominulous beneath: petiole 8"!-3"" long, 2!" broad, enlarged into the cuneate leaf-base; racemes usually 2-5 in each axil, sessile, 3’—1" long, surrounded at the base by minute, subulate bracts, wholly co- 144 ERICEA. vered with whitish, short hairs: pedicels spreading or nodding, 6-4"" long : bracts 1" long, the superior 1" above the base of the’ pedicels ; calyx-tube ovate, 4!" long : limb of the same length, with subulate, distant lobes; corolla 2" long: limb spreading, with the lobes ovate, blunt, 3" long; filaments densely pubescent: anthers inserted above their base, connivent, included, oblong at the base, tapering and bifid from the middle, glabrous ; style 3!" exserted ; pericarp ovoid, 7’” long, 5" diam. : persistent calyx-limb free, erect, 2" long.— Has, Tri- nidad !, Cr., Tocuche. : 7. SYMPHYSIA, Pri. Calyx campanulate : limb free, subtruncate, minutely 6(-7)-toothed. Corolla ovoid-cam- panulate, 6(-7)-fid, valvate, fleshy. Stamens 12 (-14), distinct, of equal length: anthers ovate-oblong, awnless: cells distinct from the middle, terminated abruptly with a short, narrow tube, dehiscent at its top with a pore. Ovary 6-celled: cells multiovulate. Pericarp baccate.—Evergreen shrubs; flowers iz axillary corymbs. 10. S. guadelupensis, X/. Glabrous; Jeaves elliptical or elliptical-lanceolate, pointed, tapering towards the subsessile base, remotely and obscurely serrulate, veiny be- neath.—Hook. ic. t. 292; Deless. ic, 5. t. 18.—Vaccinium, Sw. Andreusia, DC. Vacci- nium Imrayi, Hook./ S. martinicensis, Deless.—A high shrub ; leaves usually 2’—-3” long, J"-14” broad; corymbs simple, peduncled, as long as the leaves; pedicels 8-10" long ; flowers 4!""-5”” long, 3" broad : corolla as long as the ovary ; sexual organs included —Has. Dominica !, Zmr.; [Guadeloupe]. 8. VACCINIUM, Z. Calyzx-limb short. Corolla campanulate or urceolate: limb 4-5-fid. Stamens 8-10, dis- tinct, of equal length: anther-cells distinct above, tapering into a narrow tube, dehiscent at its top. Ovary 4-5-celled: cells multiovulate. Pertcarp baccate.—Shrubs. Sect. Viris-1pza.— Corolla campanulate. Anthers awnless, or shortly 2-awned on the back, contracted into long tubes. Ovary devoid of spurious dissepiments.—Leaves ever- green. 11. V. smilacifolium, Gr. (7. sp.). Glabrous ; eaves ovate-roundish or ovate, point- leted, quite entire, 5-nerved, reticulated-veiny chiefly beneath ; corymbs few-flowered: pe- dicels long, thickened above, jointed at the ebracteolate top; calyx-teeth minute; corolla ovate, 6-toothed : limb connivent-erect ; sexual organs included ; anthers awnless.—Branches cylindrical, bearing a few pedicels, chiefly at their summit ; leaves 3-2" long, 24"'-1” broad, leathery, somewhat revolute on their margin, palmatinerved : first pair of lateral nerves in- cluding an elliptical area and united with the midrib below the cuspidate, lanceolate point : petiole thickish, 2’ long ; pedicels 8!"-10" long ; flowers 6" long; calyx-limb very short, 5- denticulate-repand ; corolla red, as long as the ovary : teeth triangular, one-sixth as long as the tube (the corolla however is really divided to the middle, the greater part of the lobes cohering by the inner epidermis) ; filaments very short, glabrous; anthers inserted immediately above their base, glabrous, oblong below, bifid to the middle, each cell tapering at the point of division into a linear tube, the terminal pore of which is minute; style usually equalling the corolla, shortly exceeding the anthers.—Has. Dominica!, Zmr., Coulabion Mountains. 12. V. meridionale, Sw./ Branchlets pubescent; Jeaves elliptical-lanceolate, or elliptical, obsoletely mucronulate, obtusely cartilaginous-serrulate, archnerved, glabrous, or hairy on the midrib above ; flowers racemose: pedicels shorter than the flower; calyx-limb 4(-5)-partite: segments triangular ; corolla ovate, glabrous : teeth triangular, spreading, one- third as long as the tube; sexual organs nearly equalling the corolla; anthers with two very short awns on the back.—A high shrub, 10-80! high; leaves 1-13", pedicels and mem- branaceous bracts 2”, flowers 4!"'-5’” long ; corolla reddish-white, twice as-long as the ovary ; filaments long, hairy: anther-cells oblong-linear, as long as their narrow tubes : awns incon- spicuous; berry 4!" diam.—Has. Jamaica!, Pd., Macf., Al., in the Blue and Port-Royal mountains, from their summits as low down as the forests of the coffee region, CELASTRINEA, 145 LI. CYRILLER. Lee pp, 757 Stamens of Ericee, but pollen simple, triangular. Pésti? syncarpous: ovules solitary in each cell, pendulous— Habit and most characters of polypetalous Evicez. 1. CYRILLA, Z.° Calyx small, 5-partite. Petals 5, dry, pointed. Stamens 5: anthers opening with lateral slits. Ovary 2-celled: style with a bifid stigma. Pericarp dry.—Glabrous, evergreen shrubs ; leaves guite entire ; flowers in, narrow, slender racemes. 1. CG. antillana, Mich. Leaves lanceolate-oblong, blunt, slightly emarginate, leathery, minutely reticulated chiefly above; pedicels longer than the petals—Racemes subsessile in the superior axils, 2”-4” long, pedicels 14””, petals 1’” long.—Has. Jamaica!, Macf., Pd., Baner., in the Port Royal mountains; Dominica!, Jmr.; [Cuba!, Guiana!, Brazil !}. LIT. CELASTRINEA. Stamens opposite to the imbricated calyx, mostly uniseriate and perigynous. Pis#i syn- earpous (rarely reduced): ovary usually immersed in a dise, ovules .2~1 (-definite) in each cell, usually erect. Seeds mostly arillate, alouminous: embryo large.—Woody plants ; leaves simple, stipulate ; flowers small: pedicels articulated, Stimulant, or acrid and bitter principles occur in this Order. 1. MAYTENUS, Juss. Calyx 5-fid: tube cupuliform. Petals and stamens 5, the latter inserted under the mar- gin of the disc. Ovary immersed, 2(-8)-celled : cells 2-ovulate: style with a 2(—3)-lobed stigma. Capsule leathery, tardily loculicidal: seeds erect, arillate, with a crustaceous testa.—Shrubs; leaves alternate, leathery :, = jointed at the base, axillary, usually fascicled. ee + ALE, re Ne . MM. 5 Or: Glabrous: branchlets tetragonal ; leaves lanceolate- oblong, obtusely pointleted, serrate above the middle with blunt serratures, or subentire, shining above; pedicels fascicled, as long as or exceeding the petiole; petals oval, equalling the stamens; fruit ovoid-oblong.—Branches acutely tetragonal, or at length cylindrical ; leaves 3!'—4! long, variable ‘in the veins, prominulous on both sides or obsolete, tapering towards the petiole, which is 2 long; flowers hermaphrodite; petals much exceeding the calyx, 1!" long; disc repand on the convex margin; anthers cordate-roundish ; style short (but longer in Sieber’s specimen): stigma 2-lobed; ovary-cells 2, incompletely partitioned ; pericarp (still closed) 3 long, leathery —Has. Trinidad!, Lockh., Sieb. Tr. 36; [Guiana!]. 2. ELHODENDRON, Jacg. Calyx 5-4-partite. Petals and stamens 5-4, the latter inserted on the margin of the disc. Ovary immersed, 8~(2-5)-celled: cells 2-ovulate. Drupe or nut usually 3-celled: seeds erect, “with a membranaceous testa: albumen scanty.”—Leaves opposite, whorled (or inferior alternate ), leathery ; cymes axillary. 2. E. xylocarpum, DC. Leaves obovate-oblong, tapering into a very short petiole, remotely serrulate above (or subentire) ; cymes corymbiform, peduncled, 2-4 times exceeded by the leaf; flowers 5-androus, hermaphrodite or polygamous; stigmas subsessile; “drupe ovoid, large.” —Vent. Choix, t. 23.—Cassine, Vent. EH. rotundatum, DC.—A low tree; leaves 2" long, petals obgyate, -E long.—Has. Caribbean Islands; [Bermudas!, Lane]. 3. we ocbitheeny Gade " Teaves obovate, tapering into a long petiole, quite entire, or subcrenate-repand above ; cymes trichotomous, peduncled, twice exceeded by the leaf; flowers 5-androus, dicecious ; stigmas subsessile; drupe ovoid, large, with a bluntish point.— Freziera dioica, Macf./!—A low tree; leaves 4/'-2" long: petiole 6"—4!" long; divisions of the cyme-corymbiform; drupe 10" long: sarcocarp thin, yellow: putamen very hard.— Has. Jamaica!, Maef., Port Royal; S. Vincent !, Gueld. ; [Guadeloupe!, Chiapas !]. 146 ILICINER. The East Indian EF. glaucum, Pers., is a tree, introduced into Jamaica: this has lax cymes as long as the leaves; and a 2-celled ovary with a distinct, simple style. 8. MYGINDA, Jacq. Calyx 4-partite. Petals and stamens 4, the latter inserted on the margin of the disc. Ovary immersed, 4-celled: cells uniovulate, Drupe usually 1-seeded by early abortion : seeds mostly erect, with a membranaceous testa: aril minute, obsolete-—Shrubs ; leaves opposite or whorled ; cymes axillary. 4. IZ. Rhacoma, Sw. Branchlets tetragonal; Jeaves obovate or oval, serrulate, subsessile, glabrous or puberulous beneath ; cymes peduncled, few-flowered, nearly as long as the leaves ; style distinct: stigma 4-dentate; drupes obovate.—Br. Jam. t.17.f. 1.— Rhacoma Crossopetalum. Z. M. Uragoga, Rich. Cub. (Jacquin’s plant, from its figures, Amer. Pict. t. 22, and Dese. Fl. 4. ¢. 251, appears to be distinguished by globose drupes and ovate leaves)—A low shrub; leaves 8-12" long, usually rounded at the top: veins distant; petals 3’”, drupes 2 long —Has. Jamaica!, Macf., Pd., March, on the sandy seashore ; [Florida !, Cuba]. : ; 5. M. pallens, Sm. Branchlets tetragonal; Zeaves obovate or oval-oblong, remotely serrulate above or repand, shortly petioled, glabrous ; cymes peduncled, twice dichotomous, few-flowered, 2-3 times exceeded by the leaves ; style distinct: stigma 4-dentate; drupes obovate-—M. latifolia, 8, Gr. Carzb—A low shrub; leaves blunt, variable, 1”—2" long, 3-1" broad; flowers and drupes red.—Has. Nevis!, Antigua!, Nichols., S. Lucia!, Anders., on limestone hills; [Cuba!, Guadeloupe !]. 6. M. latifolia, Sw. Branchlets tetragonal; Zeaves elliptical or spathulate, tapering into the petiole, glabrous: serratures minute, very distant, or none; cymes peduncled, divaricated-dichotomous, few-flowered, 2-4 times exceeded by the leaves; stigmas 4, sessile; drupes ovoid-oblong.—Tuss. Fi. 2. t, 28?: distinguished by globose drupes.—M. Uragoga, Tuss.?—A low shrub; leaves leathery, 2"-1" long, 1-4" broad: petiole 2’”-3'” long ; flowers white; drupes 2" long, 1” broad, crowned with the sessile stigmas.—Has. Jamaica (Spreng.) ; [Cuba!, Guadeloupe !, on limestone hills}. 4. SCHAFFERIA, Jacq. Flowers dicecious. Calyx 4-partite. Petals and stamens 4, hypogynous around an abortive ovary. -Dise none. Ovary 2-celled: cells uniovulate; stigmas 2. Drupe dry, 2(-1)-celled: seeds erect, exarillate, with a membranaceous testa—Shrubs ; leaves quite entire, alternate ; pedicels axillary, fascicled. 7. S. frutescens, Jacg. Glabrous; leaves elliptical, veiny, tapering at the base; pedicels as long as or longer than the flowers ; berry ovoid-globose.—S7. ¢. 209. f. 1. Sw. Fl. t.'7 A: analyt.—S. completa, Sw.—About 10’ high; leaves 14” long, leathery, pointed, or blunt; pedicels 1!"-2", flowers 1 long; berry scarlet, 2’ long ; embryo axile in a fleshy albumen: cotyledons large, leafy: testa thin, brownish—Has. Jamaica!, A/., M‘Nab, March, common; Antigua!, Nichols.; [Key West, Cuba!, Guadeloupe!, New Granada]. LITT. TLICINEA. Stamens uniseriate, usually epipetalous (the petals being connected at the base), or hypo- gynous. Pistid syncarpous: ovules solitary in each cell, suspended. Pertcarp baccate. Embryo winute, in the top of fleshy albumen.—Woody plants ; leaves simple ; flowers small, axillary. Acrid, aromatic, and tonic principles occur in this Order. Ter sideroxryloides is a timber- tree in Dominica. 1. ILEX, Z. (Prinos, Z.) Calyx 4-6(~-8)-partite. Corolla rotate, or petals subdistinct, slightly connected. by the filaments. Berry with 4-8 bony nutlets, crowned with the sessile stigmas.—Leaves a/ter- ILICINE, 147 nate, leathery and glabrous in the West Indian species ; flowers usually fascicled, or in corymbs, often diceciously polygamous. : § 1. Most of the flowers perfect ; corolla rotate (Aquifolium). , 1. I. obcordata, Sw./ Shrubby; leaves small, obovate or spathulate, emarginate- mucronulate, tapering into the short petiole, convex, vetnless and shining above, quite entire ; corymbs 3-flowered, subsolitary, exceeding the petiole; flower-organs in fours; corolla rotate ; berry....—Hook. Ic. ¢.294.—I. cuneifolia, Hook, 1. myrtifolia, Lam. ?—0! (Pd.) ~2' high; branchlets fastigiate, very leafy, multicostate: the angles excurrent into the stipules ; leaves 4!"-12", petiole 1/"-2" long; anthers ovate-oblong.—HaB. Jamaica!, Pd., Macf., on the highest peaks of the Blue Mountains. 2. I. occidentalis, Macf.! (exclus. syn. Sw.). Arboreous : leaves oval or roundish, emarginate or obsoletely pointleted, abruptly tapering into the petiole, mostly veinless on both sides, quite entire; corymbs as long as the petiole, with accessory pedicels; flower- organs in sixes or fours : corolla rotate; berry....—A low tree; leaves 2/1": petiole 3/”— 4!"long ; corolla 3!"'-4"" diam.; anthers ovoid-oblong, rounded at the base.—Has. Jamaica!, Pa. Mac¢f., Port Royal and Blue Mountains, Dominica!, Jmr., in the mountains. § 2. Most of the flowers polygamous ; corolla rotate (Prinos). 8. I. dioica, Gr. Arboreous; Jeaves elliptical-oblong, or oval, bluntish, rounded at the base, quite entire or remotely serrulate-repand, shining above: principal veins delicate, prominulous on both sides: petiole channelled above; corymbs as long as the petiole, fascicled, with accessory pedicels; flower-organs in fours or fives; corolla rotate; erry globose, smooth: nutlets usually 5, smooth.—Vahl, Eclog. t.14, Prinos, 7—A middle- sized tree ; leaves 4!'-2", petiole 4!"-8" long; corolla 3/4!" diam. ; anthers ovate, blunt, subcordate at the base; berry 2" diam—Has. Jamaica!, Wils., Al., March, Bath, at 1200’ alt., Moneague ; Montserrat. § 3. Corolla divided nearly to the base (Prinodia). 4, I. montana, Gr. Arboreous; Jeaves elliptical or ovate-lanceolate, acuminate ‘or bluntish, subacute at the base, remotely and sharply serrulate above the base, (or entire), veiny beneath; corymbs solitary, exceeding the petiole; flowers mostly perfect: organs usually in sixes (or in fours to eights); corolla divided nearly to the base: berry globose, suleate: nutlets grooved—Prinos, Sw.—A tree, 30’—-40’ high ; leaves variable, 14” (or 33'— 1"), petiole 4-10", petals 1!" long; anthers ovate; berry purple, 2 diam. * a. Leaves elliptical, or elliptical-roundish, bluntish, 14" long.—I. Cassine, Rich. Cud. (non Att.). Prinos sideroxyloides, Sw. /: probably a form with entire leaves. B. lanceolata. Leaves small (1" long), ovate-lanceolate, acuminate.—Prinos lanceolatus, Macf.! (non Pursh). P. Macfadyeni, Wp. inutiflera, Tin y. ovata. Leaves large (3-84" long), ovate, long-acuminate, long-petioled: petiole as long as the common peduncle. Has. Jamaica!, all collect., common in Tisch (a, 8); Dominica!, Imr. (y) ; (Cuba!, Guadeloupe !]. 5. I. Macoucoua, Pers. Arboreous; leaves obovate-oblong, or oval-oblong, emarginate, blunt, or with a bluntish point, tapering into the petiole, gute entire, shining above, veiny beneath ; corymés fascicled, a little exceeding the petiole; flowers polygamous: organs usually in fours; corolla divided nearly to the base; berry globose, smooth: nutlets 4, smooth.—Awb/. ¢. 34,—Cassine ‘maurocenia, Sieb. Tr. 31!—Leaves 2-6", petiole 3!"-4!", petals 2" long; anthers ovate-roundish, small; berry 14!" diam.—Has. Dominica!, Imr. ; Trinidad !, Seb., Cr. ; [Guiana !, Pernambuco !]. so 6. I. sideroxyloides, Gr. (Pl. Carib.). Arboreous; leaves elliptical, with a bluntish point, shortly tapering into the petiole, guéte entire, shining above, veiny ; corymbs as long as the petiole, with accessory pedicels; flowers perfect: organs in fours or fives; corolla divided nearly to the base; berry globose, smooth, nutlets 4-5, smooth.—Prinos nitidus, 72. —A large tree ; leaves3", petiole 6”, petals 14" long ; berry 2"—-3! diam.; anthers cordate. | 5 —Has, Dominica!, Jmr.; [Guadeloupe !]. 148 HIPPOCRATEACES. LIV. HIPPOCRATEACEA. Calge %-fid. Petals 5. Stamens 8, inserted on the inside of a large disc. Ovary 8-celled : styles cohering below: ovules definite, ascending. Zméryo exalbuminous.— Woody plants ; leaves simple, opposite, stipulate ; inflorescence asillary. The oily seed of Hippocratea comosa is eatable, and so are the berries of Salacia. 1. HIPPOCRATEA, Z. Anthers trausversely dehiscent: cells confluent. Carpids at length separated, striated, leathery, navicular-compressed, medianicidal-bivalved : seeds attached to their base, usually by means of an elongated, inferior wing.—Shrubs, usually climbing ; leaves glabrous in the West Indian species ; panicles or cymes dichotomous, peduncled. 1. HL. scandens, Jacg. Leaves elliptical or oblong, serrulate ; cymes, rusty-pruinose, exceeded by the leaves: divisions distant; petals obovate, small; carpids spathulate-oblong, emarginate at the top.—Jacg. Amer. Pict. t. 12.—H. volubilis, Z. H. obcordata, Lam.— A climbing shrub : petals greenish-yellow, 13" long; disc obtusely conical; filaments short ; carpids 13/-23" long, 8" broad: seeds 4-6.—HaB. Caribbean Islands ; [Haiti, Martinique ; Panama!, New Granada !]. 2. EX. ovata, Lam. Leaves elliptical-oblong, serrulate; panicles rusty-velutinous, usually exceeding the leaves: special cymes distant; petals oblong, small; carpids oval, or oval-roundish, rounded at the top—tLam. Ill. t. 28. f.2. Desc. Fl. 4. ¢. 290.—H. volu- bilis, Sw. H. levigata, Rich. H. discolor, Mey./—A climbing shrub; petals 1! long; disc and filaments as in the preceding; carpids 13" long, 1" broad: seeds about 4.—HaB. Jamaica (Rodins.); ‘Trinidad!, Pd.; (Cuba! to Guiana!, Panama!, New Granada!, Rio Negro !]. 3. HL. scutellata, Gr. (7. sp.). Leaves oval-oblong, guite entire; cymes hoary-veluti- nous, twice exceeded-by the leaves ; flowers enlarged by the broad, depressed disc: petal- limb roundish ; carpids obovate-oblong, or ovoid-oblong, rounded at both ends.—Branches puberulous or glabrate ; leaves 3"-4" long, shortly apiculate, rounded at both ends: petiole thickish, 3!"long, puberulous; cymes usually contracted, as long as their peduncle; flowers 5/_6" diam. ; calyx-lobes ovate, pointed, half as long as the petals; petals 14/”-2’” diam., shortly and broadly clawed: limb lacerate on the margin; disc orbicular-depressed, scutelli- form with an involute-erect margin, pubescent, 2! diam.: stamens inserted into its centre ; filaments linear, divergent, 1! long: anthers minute, roundish, with confluent cells; carpids 13" long, 9!" broad.—Has. Trinidad!, Pd., Lockh.; [Guiana !]. 4, EX. comosa, Sw. Leaves oblong, quite entire; panicles glabrous, equalling the leaves, bearing numberless, sterile, hair-like, rusty pedicels, which exceed much the inter- mixed fertile ones; flowers minute; petal-limb ovate, blunt; “ carpids obovate or oblong.” —A high climber ; leaves 6"-4" long, reticulated-veiny ; the sterile pedicels about 8" long, either naked or terminated with an abortive flower; flowers 3!" diam. ; disc cupuliform, thin; stamens very short, contiguous.—Has. Trinidad !, Seh., Cr. ; [Haiti.]. 5. HZ. malpighifolia, Rudge. Leaves oblong or oval-oblong, quite entire; panicles Jax, glabrous, equalling or exceeding the leaves; petals large, obovate, 6-8 times exceeding the calyx ; “ carpids orbicular: seeds wingless.”—Rudge, Guian. t. 8. Payer, Organ. t.35. Sf. 34-44: analyt. Tonsella, Mey./ H. integrifolia, Rich. H. granditlora, Pay. H. Kap- pleriana, Mig. /—Petals 4! long, not clawed, glabrous, devoid of the transverse keel of other species; disc cupuliform, thin; stamens short: young anthers 4-celled, 4-lobed—Has. Jamaical, Wils.; 8, Vincent |, Guid. ; [Cuba to Guiana!, Veraguas]. 2. SALACIA, L., Benth. Anthers adnate, bilocular. Pericarp baccate. 6. S. scandens, Gr. Leaves oblong, pointed, quite entire, glabrous ; cymes axillary, dichotomous, exceeded by’ the leaves; “berry globose, minute.”—4w4/. ¢. 10,—Tontelea, 4Aubl.—aA climbing shrub,—Has. Trinidad; (Guiana, Panama!]. URTICACER. 149 LV. CHAILLETIACEZ. Calyz-divisions 5. Petals 5, often bilobed. Stamens 6 (~8). Ovary 8-2-celled: ovules 2 in each cell, pendulous. Zméryo exalbuminous.—Woody plants; leaves entire, alternate, stipulate ; inflorescence axillary : peduncles often adhering to the base of the petiole. 1. CHAILLETIA, DC. Petals distinct. Stamens 5. Pericarp drupaceous. 1. Ch. pedunculata, DC. Leaves oval-oblong, glabrous, scabrous on the nerves be- neath ; cymes corymbiform, whitish-pubescent : peduncles adnate to the base of the petiole ; petals bilobed ; styles distinct.—xz. Mus. 17. ¢. 1.—A climbing shrub : leaves 6!'-4" long, 2-3 times exceeding the cymes,—Has. Trinidad !, Pd., Cr., rare at S. Anns ; [Guiana !]. LVI. URTICACEA. 5 Flowers apetalous, mostly unisexual. Stamens uniseriate, inserted into the torus, opposite to the calyx-divisions. Ovary reduced, one-celled: ovule single: styles 2-1, usually fur- nished with collecting hairs. Radicle superior—Leaves simple, stipulate, often scabrous. The rich milk of Artocarpea is either poisonous, or wholesome: it contains often an abundance of caoutchoue (Ficus), or bird-lime is prepared from it (Artocarpus). The tenacity of the fibres is remarkable in Urticee proper. The syncarpia, or fruits, or seeds, are eatable in several instances (Artocarpus, Maclura, Brosimum). Drugs are obtained from the root of Contrajerva (Dorstenia), and from the Trumpet-tree (Cecropia). The Fustic-wood (Maclura) coutains a yellow pigment. Several West Indian Urticacee are valuable timber-trees (Artocarpus, Brosimum, Pseudolmedia, Ficus laurifolia, etc.). Tris I. ULMACEA—Flowers polygamous. Styles 2. Seed suspended.—Wooly plants, with a watery sap; leaves alternate. . 1. CELTIS, LZ. Calyx 5(4-6)-partite, deciduous. Axthers included, introrse. Ovule campylotropous. Pericarp drupaceous. Cotyledons anfractuose, enclosing a little albumen.—Leaves 3-nerved; pedicels axillary, jointed at the top. Sect. 1. Eucentis.—Anthers produced at the base. Styles linear, entire. “1. C. trimervia, Lam. Leaves ovate, oblique at the base, cuspidate, serrate above, glabrescent ; pedicels fascicled, or cymose; drupe globose: its pedicel three times the length of the petiole—C. jamaicensis, Planck./ C. Swartzii, Planch—An unarmed tree; leaf- nerves proceeding from the oblique base, sharply prominulous beneath.—Has. Jamaica !, Macf., Al. ; (Haiti). Sect. 2. Merrensta.—Anthers equal at the base. Styles bifid. 2. C. aculeata, Sw. Spines stipular, recurved ; leaves ovate-oblong, subtriplinerved, slightly oblique at the base; pedicels cymosé; drupe ovate: its pedicel as lony as the petiole.—Cav. Ic. t.294. Kih. Nov. Gen. ¢.103.—Rhamuus iguaneus, Z. Mertensia acu- leata, W. M. levigata, At/.—A trailing or scandent shrub. a, Leaves quite entire, glabrous. B. serrata, Leaves serrate above. y. pubescens. Leaves and inflorescence pubescent. Has. Jamaica!, Macf., Al., (a, 8), Pd. (y); Dominica!, Jr, (Cuba! and Mexico to Venezuela !, New Granada! and Peru !). 2. SPONIA, Comm. Calyx 5-partite, persistent, induplicative-imbricate. Anthers exserted, introrse. Ovule 150 URTICACEA. campylotropous., Pericarp drupaceous, minute. Cotyledons fleshy-incurved, anfractuose. —Leaves serrulate ; cymes axillary ; pedicels articulated. “3. S. micrantha, Decs. Scabrous; leaves oblong-lanceolate, acuminate, oblique at the base ; cymes sessile, usually geminate, nearly as long as the petiole—.Br. Jam. ¢. 12. J. 2.—Rhamnus, LZ, Celtis, Sw. C, Lima, Sw.: a form with the leaves very. scabrous \ above, C. rufescens, Planch. /—A tree, about 20’ high, or shrubby; leaves 4-6” long ; rupes ovate-globose, 1” long.—Has. Jamaica |, all collect., common ; Antigua!, Wudlschl., ominica!, Zmr.; Trinidad!, Sieb. Tr. 45, Pd., Cr.; [Cuba!, Venezuela! to Brazil !]. — 4. S. mollis, 7. a branchlets velutinous-pubescent ; deaves ovate, acuminate, equal: or slightly oblique at the. base, scabrous above, saft-pubescent or puberulous beneath ; cymes sessile, scarcely as long as the petiole—A high tree; leaves 4” long—Has. Antigua], Wullschl. ; Dominica !, Imr.; [Cuba!, Venezuela !]. 5. S. Lbamarckiana, Decs. Scabrous; Jeaves small, ovate-lanceolate, pointed, equal at the base ; cymes subsessile, exceeding the petiole.—Celtis, R. S. C. Jima, Lam.—A tortuous tree; leaves 1" long, shortly petioled, revolute on the margin, somewhat hoary beneath, very scabrous above ; drupes ovate, 1!" long.— Ha. Bahamas !, Swains. ; Jamaica!, Macf.; Dominica!, Imr.; S. Vincent !, Guild. Trize II. ARTOCARPEL—Flowers unisexual, Stamens erect in the bud—Woody plants, with a milky sap ; leaves alternate. 3. FICUS, Z. Inflorescence androgynous : flowers sessile on the inner side of a hollow, fleshy receptacle (the fig), which is involucrate at the base and bracteolate at its minute, terminal aperture. Calyx-divisions 2-6. Stamens 1-2-6. Style simple or bipartite. Ovule pendulous.— Leaves in the West Indian species alternate, quite entire, glabrous. Sect. Unostiema.— Calyx 8-partite. Stamen 1. Style simple. The only West Indian species, described as belonging to the diandrous section Pharma- cosycea (Ph. jamaicensis, Liebm.), is a large-leaved tree, but a doubtful species, its flower and fruit being unknown. . * Figs 8"~-12" diam. 6. B. laurifolia, Lam. Leaves elliptical-oblong, pointed, cuneate or rounded at the hase, 12-15-costate; jigs globose, 2-3 times as long as the pedicel, puberulous or glabrate : bracteoles broad, forming a distinct, umbilicated-convex, perforated mamilla: involucre minute.—A/, ¢. 223.—F. virens, Ait. TF. martinicensis, W. Urostigma Jaurifolium, Mig. (non Gr. Pl, Carib.).—A large tree; leaves with minute, white points above, 6-8" long, 24-3" broad: petiole 1"-14" long; fig 10’"-12! diam., red: pedicel 4!-5!" long ; invo- lucre 2-3-partite : segments 2/" long ; mamilla 2” diam., 4!" high Haz. Jamaical, Wils., March ; Dominica!, Lmr., in the mountains. 7. F. suffocans, Hd. Bhs. Leaves elliptical, bluntish at both ends, 7-8-costate ; figs globose, much longer than the pedicel, glabrous, flat at the perforated top: involucre minute.—Plum. Ed. Burm. t. 181. f. 3.—F. citrifolia, Lam. ?—Leaves somewhat scabrous with white, minute points on both sides, 4” long, 2" broad: petiole 6""—-8"" long; fig 8!"— 10" diam.; involucre bilobed: lobes roundish, 1” diam.—Haxs. Jamaica!, Al, Wils., March, at Moneague, Bath. : : 8. F. crassinervia, Desf. Leaves oval, rounded at the top, or with a bluntish point, subcordate or rounded at the base, 7-9-costate ; figs globose, subsessile, velvety: bracteoles closing the aperture, surrounded by a callous, mamilliform ring ; znvolucre bilobed, large, velvety, 3 or 4 as large as the fig.—Urostigma, Mig./ U. Garduerianum, éx Antigua, Mig./, the form with rounded leaves. - U. trigonatum, Gr. Pl. Carib. (non Miq.).—A tree ; leaves 5”-9" long, 3-6" broad: petiole 2"-9" long; fig 8"-10"" diam.—Ha. Jamaica!, Macf., March, Wullschl.; Antigua!, Nichols., Wullschi.; (Cuba!, Guadeloupe !]. Figs 4"_-8" diam, 9. FP. trigonata, L. Leaves oval, rounded at both ends, or subcordate af the base, URTICACEA. 151 6-8-costate; figs globose, 4~—6 times as long as the pedicel, or subsessile, piheraldts or glabrate: bracteoles closing the aperture, forming a bluntly conical mamilla; cnvolucre bilobed, large, puberulous, ¢ as large as the fig.—Plum. Ed. Burm. t,182. f. 1.—Urostigma, Mig—Leaves with minute white points above, 3"—5"' long, 2-3" broad : petiole 4!""-10!" long; fig 5’"-8" diam. : pedicel 14 long.—Has. Jamaica!, March, Wullscht. 10. F. levigata, V. Leaves cordate-ovate or ovate, pointleted, 6-8-costate ; figs tur- dinate, as long as the cernuous pedicel, glabrous, slightly impressed-umbilicate at the per- forated, bracteolate top; involucre minute, bilobed.—Urostigma, Liebm.—Leaves somewhat scabrous with white, minute points above, glabrous and minutely reticulated with veins beneath, 33-14" Jong, 24"_]" broad: petiole 8-18! long; fig greenish, 6” diam. : terminal impression 2!" diam., flat; involucral lobes roundish, 1! diam.—Has. Jamaica |: March ; (Cuba !}. if ll. F. lentiginosa, VY. Leaves ovate, pointleted, rounded at the base or subcordate, 8-10-costate ; figs globose, glabrous, 3-4 times longer than the pedicel, flat at the closed top; involucre minute, bilobed.— Zuss. Fv. 2. ¢. 14: a form with bluntish leaves.— Urostigma, Liebm. UV. laurifolium, Gr. Carth. (non Mig). F. tinctoria, Tuss—Leaves 7-3" long, 4"-2" broad: petiole 2"-1" long; fig 6"-8" diam., red: pedicel 2/-1! long.—Has. Montserrat, Dominica!, Imr. ; [Guadeloupe !]. 12. F. dimidiata, Gr. (x. sp.). Leaves elliptical, bluntish at both ends, 8-10-costate ; Jigs globose, subsessile, glabrate: bracteoles closing the aperture, forming a convex mamilla, and surrounded by a callous ring ; involucre large, + or } as large as the fig: lobes about 4, irregular, deltoid or rounded, usually subdimidiate—Leaves with minnte points above, 4!_2" long, 2"-1" broad: petiole 8-10" long; fig 6-4!" diam.—Has. Jamaica!, Wullschi., Manchester ; [Cuba!]. ‘ 13. F. ochroleuca, Gr. Leaves oblong or elliptical-oblong, pointed, rounded or shortly cuneate at the base, obsoletely 8-12-costate; figs globose, longer than the spreading pedicel, glabrous, pale-yellow, deeply concave at the top: bracteoles closing the aperture, forming a convex point in the middle of the concavity ; involucre minute, bilobed. I’. pertusa, Sw. / Observ. (non alior.). “F. americana, Lun. (non Sw.).—A tree; leaves with minute whitish points on both sides, 4”—2" long, 14-1" broad: petiole 6!'-8" long ; fig 5/6" diam.: terminal concavity convex on the margin, 13’ diam.: pedicels often gemi- nate, 4”-3”” long; involucral lobes rounded, spreading, scarcely 1!” long—Haz. Jamaica}, Al., March. : 14, F. populnea, ¥. Leaves ovate-oblong, usually with a bluntish point, rounded or subcordate at the base, obsoletely 6-8-costate ; figs globose, nearly as long as the pedicel, glabrous, red: Jdracteoles closing the aperture, forming an obtusely conical mamilla; in- volucre minute, bilobed.—Urostigma, Mig. !—Leaves 3-2" long, 14/~1" broad: petiole 8-15" long; fig 4!"'-5" diam.: pedicel 3-4!" long, spreading ; involucral lobes roundish, searcely 1 long. —Has. Autigua!, Nichols., Wullschl. yr 15. F. pedunculata, 4i¢. Leaves lanceolate-oblong or elliptical-oblong, with a bluntish point, cuneate at the base (or rounded), obsoletely 8-12-costate; jigs globose, nearly as long as the pedicel, glabrous, red, flat at the top, or somewhat eallous around the closed, flat aperture ; involucre slightly bilobed, twice exceeded by the transverse diameter of the fig.—Urostigma, Mig.—A large tree; leaves somewhat scabrous with white points, usually 3! long, 14" broad: petiole 4!/-6"" long; fig 4!" diam.; pedicels deflexed, usually geminate, 4!/-3" long; involucre 2 diam.: lobes round.—Has. Jamaica!: all collect., common ; [S. Croix]. : eke 16. F. pallida, V7. Leaves lanceolate-oblong, bluntish, cuneate towards the bluntish base, obsoletely 8~14-costate ; “figs globose, 83-4 times longer than the pedicel, glabrous, red : bracteoles closing the aperture, forming a small, convex mamilla ; involucre minute, bilobed. —Nearly allied to the preceding; leaves with minute white points above, 2”~4” long, 1-12" broad: petiole 3’"-8" long; fig 4! diam.: pedicel about 1 diam.: involucral lobes scarcely 1/” long.—Has. Jamaica!, March ; Dominica!, Jmr.; [New Granada]. aE Figs gig diam. 17. F. Schumacheri, Gr. Leaves lanceolate-oblong or oblong, pointleted or bluntish, v > 162 URTICACEA. rounded at the base, obsoletely 8-14-costate ; jigs globose, geminate, nearly as long as the pedicel, pruinose, flat at the top, or somewhat callous around the flat, closed aperture ; involucre bilobed, minute—Nearly allied to F. gemina, R.P., but without the terminal concavity of its fig—Leaves with white points above, 24”-8” long, §”-14” broad: petiole 3’”-6'" long; fig 23!" diam. : pedicel 2" long.—Has. Trinidad !, Cr. 18. F. pertusa, Z. Leaves small, oval-oblong or oblong, rounded at the top, blunt at the base, obsoletely 8-10-costate ;_fiys ylobose, geminate, 3-4 times longer than the pedicel, glabrous, yellowish, at length red, somewhat concave at the top: bracteoles closing the aperture, forming a bluntly-conical mamilla; involucre bilobed, minute——Plum. Ed. Burm. t. 182. f. 2,—Urostigma, Mig. F. americana, Sw.—A tree, about 20’ high ; leaves leathery, 2"-1" long, 12'"-8! broad: petiole 2''-3! long, thickish; fig 2'” diam.: pedicel nearly 3"" long.—Has. Jamaica (W.); [Guadeloupe !, Guiana!]. 4*. ARTOCARPUS, Z. Flowers moucecious, sessile on the outside of a fleshy, globose or oblong receptacle. ¢: Sepals 2 (-4); stamenl. 9 Flowers cohering ; calyx tubulose, perforated at the top ; style simple, or 2-8-partite. Ovude pendulous. Hmbryo exalbuminous.—High trees ; peduncles azillary, with a single flower-head. 19*, A. incisa, Z. Leaves roundish, pinnatifid: lobes oblong, pointed ; $ calyx bifid ; style 2-3-partite—Tuss. Fl. 2. ¢.2.3. Dese. Fl. 8. ¢.539.—Has. Naturalized in Jamaica!, Al.; S. Vincent !, Guid. ; [Pacific and East Indian islands]. 20*. A. integrifolia, Z. Leaves elliptical, pointed, entire (rarely lobed); ¢ calyx bipartite; style simple —Tuss. FU. 2. ¢. 4.—Has. Naturalized in S. Vincent !, Guild. ; Tri- nidad!, Schack ; (Pacific and East Indian islands]. 5. PSEUDOLMEDIA, T7rée. Flowers dicecious, surrounded by sterile bracts: ¢ in the axils of the inner bracts, reduced to naked, fascicled stamens; ¢ solitary, terminal: calyx adnate, tubulose, at length baccate: style bipartite. Ovule pendulous.—Leaves entire; 3 flowers in axillary, glomeru- “form, sessile aments, 2 enclosed within similar involueres. 21. P. spuria, Gr. Glabrous ; leaves oblong or elliptical-oblong, pointleted, equal at the base: principal vein-pairs 9-12, prominulous beneath.—Brosimum, Sw./ P. havanensis, Trée,!—A high tree; leaves leathery, 6-3" long, 2-1" broad, shortly petioled; aments subglobose, 2" diam.—HaB. Jamaica !, Sw., Al., S. Anns; [Cuba !]. 6. BROSIMUM, Sw. Flowers moncecious, or dicecious by abortion, naked: ¢ sessile on the outside of a globose receptacle, reduced to a single stamen, separated by peltate bracts; 1-2, terminal, immersed in and adherent to a cavity of the receptacle, from which the 2-dentate style is shortly exserted.’ Ove pendulous. Receptacle baccate. Hméryo exalbuminous.—Trees ;" leaves quite entire ; receptacles axillary, peduncled. 22. B. Alicastrum, Sw. Leaves oblong or elliptical-oblong, pointleted or pointed, glabrous: principal veins about 12 on each side of the midrib; pedicels as long as the petiole, and as the diameter of the ament.—Sw. FV. ¢.1: analyt. Tuss. Fl. 1.¢.9. Desc. 1. 8, ¢. 534.—A high tree; leaves 6-3" long; aments 2-8” diam.; fruit globose, 10-12" diam.—Has. Jamaica (Sw., Tuss.); [Mexico! to Yucatan]. 23. B. Aubletii, Pepp., Endl. Leaves oblong or obovate-oblong, pointleted, shining above, puberulous and rusty beneath: principal veins about 8 on each side of the midrib ; aments shortly peduncled, nearly equalling the petiole.— Calyx campanulate: lobes 6-5-4, subulate, spreading. Anthers 12-10-8, oblong, in- flexed above the ovary, opening first by a single terminal pore, and ‘at lengih by fissures : cells distinct nearly to the top, curved. Ovary adherent, crowned by a neck, encircling the base of the style, bearing a minute, deciduous down. Seeds conical—Shrubs, with hispid down ; panicle terminal. 30. EZ. niveum, DC. Branches and petioles glandular-pilose and stellate-downy ; leaves cordate-ovate, cuspidate, 5-nerved, glabrescent above, whitish beneath with stellate down; cyme corymbiform, straggling, few-flowered; calyx 5-6-fid: lobes filiform from a subulate base; ovary 10-12-locular: stigma blunt.—Bonpl. Mel. ¢. 44.—Melastoma patens, Sw. H. patens, DC—A shrub, 6-10’ high; leaves 8’-5" long, about double the length of the petiole; calyx-tube at length globose, equalling the lobes; petals obovate, 6/-8" long, rosy-White; anthers without appendages; berry 8”’-10!" diam., hairy, black.—Has. Jamaica !, all coll., common gp the lower hills of the interior; [Cuba !, Haiti!, Portorico]. 31. EX. hispidum, Gr. Branches and petioles setose and furfuraceous; leaves ovate, pointed, 3-nerved, rough and substrigose above, setose on the nerves, and often bearded in the axils of veins beneath; panicle spreading ; ca/yx 4-jid: lobes ovate and shortly apiculated ; ovary 4-locular : stigma minute—Melastoma, Sw. M. el Sw. Tetrazygia, Macf. H. octandrum, Afecf./ Cremanium glandulosum, D: Miconia glandulosa, Naud.—A shrub; leaves 24/—4 2, petioled, covered on the upper side by short, thick, scattered bristles ; calyx-tube at length globose, a little longer than the lobes; petals peach-coloured ; anthers tubercled at the base on the anterior side; neck of the ovary very short and soon glabrescent. a, Leaves rough with bristles above. - : B. lavius, leaves less rough, without bristles above, and with fewer hairs beneath ; calyx smaller and exceeded by the clawed petals. - Has. Jamaica!, Sw., Macf., Al., March, Wullschl. (8), on the hills of the interior. 8. DIPLOCHITA, DC. (Jucunda, Cham. Pogonorrhynchus, Crueg. Miconize sect. Adenosma, Diplochita, et Jucunda, Naud.) Calyz campanulate: limb produced, spreading: teeth short, bluntish, or obsolete. Az- thers 10-12, beaked-subulate, inflexed towards the bottom of the calyx, opening with a sin- gle terminal pore: cells connected. Ovary bearing a minute, deciduous down at the umbili- cated top: upper margin thickened.—Trees or high shrubs, wot hispid; leaves large: upper sidé at length glabrous; panicle terminal, trichotomous, with accessory inferior branch- lets: flowers bracteate, clustered or arranged in umbelliform cymes ; petals blunt. 32. D. Fothergilla, DC. Leaves ovate, acuminate, or pointed, 5-nzerved, subentire, petioled, rusty-downy beneath, as are the branchlets; panicle constituted of wmbelliform cymes ; bracts obovate, large ; calyx glabrous at its throat ; petals 5-6, glabrous ; ovary 6- 3-locular: stigma peltate-—A ud. ¢. 175. Bonpl. Mel. t. 32, 33.—Melastoma Tamonea, Sw. 252 MELASTOMACE EA Tiploch. Swartziana, DC. D. florida, DC. ap. Crueg. ! OD. rosea, Macf. Miconia Fother- gilla, Naud.—A tree, 10’-50' high; leaves 38-6" long; pedicels 3-6, bibracteate at the , top; calyx-tube somewhat furrowed: teeth roundish or obsolete; petals white and tinged with crimson, or sometimes rosy; anthers bitubercled at the base on the anterior side ; seeds pyramidal. Has. Jamaica !, Macf., Pd., Al., Wils., in mountain woods to 4000 alt. , Dominica !, Imr. ; S. Vincent !, Guild, ; Trinidad !, Seb. Trin. 60; Cr. ; [Portorico !, French islands !; Mexico to Brazil !}. 33. D. mucronata, DC. Leaves oval, cuspidate, 5-plinerved, subentire, petioled, rusty with appressed down beneath; panicle with clustered flowers; bracts obovate, large; calyx ciliate at the throat ; petals 5-6, glabrous ; ovary usually 4-locular: stigma minute, blunt.— Bonpl. Mel. t.18. Mart. Nov. Gen. t. 274.—D. bracteata, DC. Miconia mucronata, Naud. —A small tree, 20’-80' high; leaves 4-8" long ; flowers subsessile, bibracteate; calyx-tube not furrowed: teeth ovate, bluntish, deciduous ; petals white, fragrant; anthers bitubercled at the base on the anterior side—Has. Trinidad! ; [Guiana! to equatorial Brazil !]. 34. D. serrulata, DC. Leaves ovate or elliptical-oblong, 8-5-xerved, crenate, pe- tioled, rusty-downy beneath, as are the branchlets; panicle with clustered flowers ; bracts gj Smaller than the calyx ; calyx-tube furrowed; petals 5—6, tomentose on the outside; ovary 4-5-locular: stigma thickened, blunt.—Miconia, Naud. M. argentea, DC. M. elata, DC. —Melastoma acinodendron, L. ex Sloan. sec. hb. Bks. M. argentea, Sw./: a hoary form. M. elata, Sw./: the common, rusty form.—A tree, 30'-40' high: branchlets compressed ; leaves 4-12" long, 3-4" broad, densely and deeply crenate, variable in the shape and down ; flowers subsessile; bracts ovate, deciduous ; calyx-teeth very short, roundish or ob- solete; anthers bitubercled at the base on the anterior side. ‘ a. Leaves ovate, blunt, with a point, minutely cordate at the base, 5-nerved. B. leucocephala, DC, Leaves elliptical-oblong, more or less pointed, blunt at the base, 3-5-nerved, rusty-glaucous and less downy beneath.—Decaraphe Hostmanni, Steud. /— Anu arborescent shrub, 20’-80' high ; leaves 3”—6” long, 2-3" broad ; petals white.-~- This js the common continental form.—Has. Jamaica!, 47. (a), in mountain woods; Trinidad !, Sch. (a); Cr. (B); [Cuba! (a), S. Thomas ; Mexico to Guiana! and Brazil !}. 35. D. parviflora, Benth.! Leaves oval, cuspidate, 3-nerved, subentire, petioled, rusty or whitish beneath with a very short, appressed down; panicle with clustered flowers ; bracts oblong-linear, half the length of the calyx-tube ; petals 5, glabrous ; ovary 3-locular : stigma minute.—D. caudata, Crueg. (zon DC.). Miconia verticilliflora, Steud. ap. Naud.— A shrub, 18/80! high ; leaves 8-15" long; branches of the panicle crowded, and divided like a corymb: flowers subsessile, bibracteate: bracts blunt, deciduous; calyx-tube some- what furrowed, about 14’ long, scarcely longer than the limb: teeth very short, roundish, deciduous; anthers produced into a short, blunt spur on the posterior, and somewhat glan- dular at the base on the anterior side.—-Haz. Trinidad!, Lockh., Sch., in mountain woods ; (Guiana !}. : 36. D. sessilifclia, Gr. Leaves large, elliptical-oblong or spathulate, protracted at the base and clasping, conspicuously tripli-quintuplinerved, entire, rusty-cinnamon or glau- cous beneath with a very short, appressed down; panicle loose, with 2-3-flowered clusters ; calyx-tube tomentose, not furrowed; petals 5, glabrous; ovary 3-locular: stigma minute, blunt.—Plukn. Phyt. t. 249. f. 2: a single leaf from Guiana.—Melastoma sessilifolia, Z. sp. (exe}.. syn. Br. Jam.), Miconia Plukenetii, Nawd—A tree; leaves 8-24" long, some- what wavy at the cuneate or blunt base: the lateral nerves in the bipedal leaf separating about 3" above the base ; panicle often 1’ long: inferior branches ascending, elongated, ra- cemiform; flower-heads bibracteate and lateral flowers bibracteolate, the central one ebrac- teolate: bracts oblong, bracteoles oblong-linear, equalling the calyx-tube; calyx-teeth lan- ceolate, bluntish, deciduous; petals white; anthers densely glandular at the base on the anterior side; seeds angular, with the testa loose, rugose—Hab. Trinidad !, Lockh., Cr., in moist woods; [Guiana]. : 37. D. tomentosa, Gr. Leaves large, elliptical and cuneate at the base, sudscssile or shortly petioled, conspicuously ériplinerved, entire, glabrescent above, rough with stellate down beneath ; panicle contracted, elongated : flowers clustered ; calyx-tube tomentose, not furrowed ; petals 5, glabrous; ovary 8-5-locular: stigma minute, blunt—Bonpl. Mel. t. 16.—Melastoma, Bonpl, Miconia, DC. M. brunnea, DC. Jucunda tomentosa, Benth. MELASTOMACEA, 253 Pogonorrhynchus sessilis, Cfveg./ P. amplexans, Cr./: a form with the leaf-base auricled and the auricles clasping—A tree, 30! high, but reduced sometimes to low, shrubby forms; branches and panicle tomentose with stellate down; leaves 6-24" long, turning black in drying above, with a greyish or rusty persistent down beneath: the lateral nerves separating above the cuneate base; panicle racemiform: bracteoles short, deciduous ; calyx- tube campanulate, produced beyond the ovary: teeth short, rounded, with a tubercle on the outside; petals white, with blue filaments and red-anthers; anthers densely glandular at the base on the anterior side; berry blue: seeds angular, with the testa somewhat rugose,— Has. Trinidad !, Cr.; [Guiana!, where it is common; Brazil !]. 9. CONOSTEGIA, Don; Naud. (1. c. 16. p. 105). Calyx operculate : closed operculum falling away from the truncate, cupuliform tube. 4- thers 10-subindefinite, oblong, inflexed above the ovary, opening with a single terminal pore: cells distinct below the top. Ovary adherent, crowned with a glabrous neck, encir- cling the base of the style: stigma capitate. . Seeds obovate.—Shrubs or trees, usually not haspid ; leaves petioled ; panicle terminal, * Panicle simply divided ; flowers large. 88. C. procera, Don. Glabrous ; leaves elliptical-oblong, subtriplinerved ; primary branches of the panicle 3-1-flowered, with the lateral pedicels jointed at the middle; operculum conical and abruptly pointleted: the point bluntish ; petals 6-5, obliquely obo- vate, twice the length of the calyx-tube ; anthers 18-10: connective with a minute tubercle on the back above the base.—Bonpl. Mel. ¢.61.—Melastoma, Sw. /—A tree, according to Swartz and Purdie 40'-50! high, but much varying in growth; leaves 2-5" long, entire: axils of nerves somewhat bearded; calyx, before its opening, 6!"—-8'" long; petals rosy or white; ovary 6—9-locular—aA remarkable varicty exists in the form of a twining shrub, on which Dr. Alexander remarks: ‘‘ Though in a dried state impossible to distinguish, yet, as they grow, the one is like a Horse-Chestnut, the other twining round trees and bushes like a Woodbine.” This latter I believe I recognize in specimens collected by Mr. March, and would characterize thus :— B. Balbisiana, DC. Leaves oval and blunt with a point; calyx shorter (5"" long): oper- culum blunt (without the point of a) ; stigma smaller, not exceeding in breadth the thickened style.—C. gloriosa; Maef., seems to be a form with narrower leaves. Haz. Jamaica !, all coll., in monntain woods. a 89. C. rufescens, Naud. Branchlets and panicle covered with a rusty, mealy down ; leaves elliptical-oblong, tapering and cuspidate, triplinerved ; primary branches of the pa- nicle 8—7-flowered, with the pedicels shorter than the flowers and without articulation ; calyx rusty : operculum conical, bluntish ; petals 6, obliquely obovate, about the length of the calyx-tube; anthers 18 or fewer.—C. formosa, Macf'—A shrub, about 12/ high : branchlets obtuse-angled ; leaves 3'—4/’ long, obsoletely crenate or entire; calyx, before its opening, 3/5!" long ; ovary 6-locular : stigma peltate——Has. Jamaica!, Pd., in woods of the eastern districts. 40. CG. subhirsuta, DC. Branchlets and panicle-covered with a setose down ; leaves elliptical or elliptical-oblong, pointleted, triplinerved; panicle eorymbiform : divisions 3 -7- flowered: pedicels shorter than the flowers and without articulation; calyx glabréscent : operculum convex, quite blunt ; petals 10-6, obliquely obovate; anthers 20 or subindefinite. —Melastoma arborescens, Sied. Mart. 119! (non Aubl.)—A shrub, 10’-16' high: branchlets subcompressed ; leaves 4/’-10" long, obsoletely crenate or entire; calyx before its opening nearly globose or obovate, 3!"-4!" diam. ; petals white ; ovary 20~12-locular : stigma peltate. —Has. Jamaica!, Waters, in mountain woods; Dominica!, Jmr.; Trinidad !, Pd., Cr. ; [Cuba, French islands! ; Mexico, New Granada]. é ** Panicle compound ; flowers smaller. 41. ©. superba, Naud. Glabrous; leaves ovate or oval, subtriplinerved ; secondary branches of the panicle ending with a 8-5-flowered, umbelliform cyme : the pedicels equal- ling the flower ; operculum continuous with the calyx-tube, conical, pointed ; petals 5-6, Pasian 254 MELASTOMACER. obliquely obovate, the length of the calyx-tube ; anthers 12-18.=C. glabra, Macf.! C, alter- nifolia, Macf.—An arborescent shrub : branches obtuse-angled ; leaves bluntish at the pointed top, obsoletely denticulate or entire, of unequal growth in the pair: the larger ones 6’—8” long, their opposite ones usually 2-3 times smaller, sometimes wanting: the leaf-ribs lined beneath with some lateral hairs; calyx before its opening 2’’—-3" long, ellipsoidal; petals white; ovary 5-locular.—HaB. Jamaica |, Macf., Wils., in woods. 42. G. calyptrata, Dox. Glabrous; leaves oblong or elliptical-oblong, subtriplinerved ; secondary branches of the panicle ending with a 3—-7-flowered cyme: the pedicels unequal ; operculum somewhat protruding over the constricted calyx-tube, conical, mucronate ; petals 5, elliptical, about the length of the calyx-tube; anthers about 15.—Bonpl. Mel. t. 46.— An arborescent shrub with tetragonal branches ; leaves 3/—-8" long, bluntish at the pointleted top, subentire; the lateral and longer pedicels about the length of the flower; calyx before its opening 3” long: the operculum about double the length of the tube ; petals white; ovary 7—8-locular—Has. Montserrat, Dominica!, Zmr., S. Vincent!, Guzd., in mountain woods ; [French islands !]. 43. ©. montana, Doz. Branchlets covered with a whitish, mealy down; leaves ellip- tical, bluntish at the pointleted top, tripli-quintuplinerved ; panicle corymbiform : pedicels of the secondary branches unequal, short ; opercudum somewhat protruding over the semiglo- bose calyx-tube, convex-conical, bluntish ; petals 5-6, obovate, exceeding in length the calyx- tube; anthers about 15 or less.—Melastoma, Sw. / C. alpina, Macf—A shrub, 10-2’ high, with tetragonal branches ; leaves subentire, 3-5" long and sometimes larger, the two oppo- site ones often of unequal growth; pedicels 3~5-nate, the central reduced and the lateral ones shorter than the flower; calyx before its opening 24!" long: the operculum a little longer than the tube; petals white; ovary 5-locular.—HaB. Jamaica !, Si., in mountain woods. 10. TETRAZYGIA, Rich. reform.; Naud. (J. ¢. 15. p. 842, exclus. sp.). (Nanudinia, Rich. Cub. Harrera, Macf. Miconiastrum, Naud. Miconie sect. Laceraria, Naud.) Calyx campanulate: tube contracted at the top; limb produced, spreading, with the teeth short, bluntish, or wanting. -Azthers 8-10 (12), beaked-subulate, inflexed above the ovary, opening with asingle terminal pore: cells connected. Ovary adherent, crowned by a gla- brous, denticulate neck, encircling the base of the style : style long-exserted, with the stigma minute.—Low trees or shrubs, ot hispid ; leaves petioled, at length glabrous above, often whitish with scaly or tomentose down beneath ; panicle terminal: cymes corymbiform, with the flowers stalked and the bracteoles minute or none ; petals obovate. Sect. 1. Eurerrazyera.—Calyc-limb regularly divided or subentire. Pedicels neither jointed nor bearing bracts at the top.—Branchlets, panicle and under side of leaves whitish with scaly or powdery down. 44, 'T'. angustiflora, Gr. Leaves elliptical or elliptical-lanceolate, abruptly taper- pointed, ¢riplinerved, whitened beneath by appressed stellate down or scales; panicles race- miform ; calyx-tube 2-3 times as long as the limb: teeth 5, roundish or obsolete; anthers 10: pore turned outwards on the obliquely truncate top; ovary 3-locular.— Bot. Mag.. t. 4383.—Diplochita, Benth. / Miconiastrum Lambertianum, Naud. T. eleeagnoides, Hook. (zon DC.). Harrera gerascanthoides, Mac/ —A low tree, 20! high, remarkable for the white, powdery down of the branchlets and the inflorescence ; leaves 3-5" long, variable in breadth, bluntish at the tapering point, entire: petiole 1” long; panicle oblong : the primary branches terminated by 5—7-flowered, corymbiform cymes; flowers white, large, but with « narrow calyx ; petals 5 (“rarely 4,” Macf:), white, 4-5" long, obovate or obovate-oblong, pointed or bluntish; anthers yellow, slightly biauriculated at the base on the anterior side; style crimson; berry “ black.” § a, Leaves whitish beneath with stellate down. B. argyrophylia, Leaves elliptical-lanceolate, leprous with a scaly epidermis beneath.— Rich. Cub. t. 44 bis: wrong in certain analytical details, as for instance the bristles on the ovary, ascribed by Richard to his genus Nawdinia, but which do not in reality exist.— Naudinia argyrophylla, Rich. N. chrysophylla, Rich.. this appears to be the less candicant MELASTOMACEA, 255 form of the same, the seeds being simply clavate-conical in the common silver-coloured type. Harrera trinervis, Macf./—A shrub, 5'/-10’ high: the branchlets covered with seales, which at length becoming loosened and torn, give the appearance of a powdery down, but less regularly stellate than in o; the leprous under side of the leaves either white or pale glaucous, sometimes passing into stellate down; flowers shortly stalked ; petals white, usually 5 (“ 4-6,” Rich.) ; berry “ purple.” Has. Jamaica! (@ and 8): all coll., in mountain-woods and valleys; Bahamas !, Swains. ; (Cuba !, Haiti!, Mexico !]. 45. T. eleeagnoides, DC. Leaves elliptical-lanceolate or lanceolate, sharply taper- pointed, ¢rinerved, whitened beneath by tomentose down; panicle corymbiform, loose ; calyx-tube twice as long as the limb: teeth 4, roundish or obsolete, usually exceeded by an exterior subulate appendage ; anthers 8: pore minute, turned outwards ; ovary 4-locular.— Vahl, Ic. Amer, t. 28. Bonpl. Mel. t.18.—Melastoma, Sw.! Tetraz. laxiflora, Naud. ! : a slender form, with richer, sometimes racemiform panicle (Linden, Cub. 2094, 2026).— A shrub ; the down less appressed, and the leaves narrower than in the preceding species ; petals 4, rosy or white, 3’”—4" long, obovate-oblong or oblong.—Has. Caribbean Islands ; [Cuba! to Martinique]. : _ 46, 'T. discolor, DC. Leaves ovate or ovate-lanceolate, sharply pointleted, subtripli- nerved, white beneath, with appressed, scaly down ; panicle corymbiform, contracted, many- flowered ; calyz-tube as long as the limb: teeth 4, roundish (sometimes pointed) ; anthers 8: pore turned inwards on the bluntish or transversely truncate, inflexed top; ovary 4-lo- ceular.—Jaeg. Amer. Pict. t. 125. Vahl, Eel. t. 1. -Bonpl. Mel, t. 34.—Melastoma, L. M. acuminata, Vahi. M. eleagnoides, Sieb. Trin. 61!—A low shrub; leaves entire, the same size as in 7. angustiflora, but flowers densely crowded, fastigiate and much smaller, the calyx being 2" long and the petals even less: these oval, whitish; berry 2/” diam., blue ; seeds obovate, somewhat angular. a Branchlets leprous; leaves quite entire. B. villosa. Branchlets, panicle, and petioles villous, with hairs forked at the top; leaves serrulate (or sometimes entire). Has. S. Kitts!, Montserrat, Dominica!, Zmr. (8.) ; S. Vincent !, Guz?d., in mountain woods ; [French islands !, Sied. Mart. 117]. Sect. 2. LacknaRta.—Calyx-limb irregularly torn: pieces 2-8 ; pedicels pointed, bearing two minute bracts at the top.—Shrubs, wholly glabrous; branchlets cylindrical. 47. 'T. cornifolia, Gr. Leaves ovate-lanceolate or lanceolate, taper-pointed, subtripli- nerved, entire, glabrous ; panicle spreading; calyx-tube furrowed, a little longer than the torn limb; anthers 10: pore turned inwards on the transversely truncate, curved top; ovary 3-locular.—Bonpl. Mel. ¢. 41.—Conostegia, Ser. Miconia, Nawd.—A shrub ; leaves 1-6" long; petals white, obovate, about 8’” long, equalling the length of the calyx, but ex- ceeded by the stamens; anthers tumid at the base——-Has. S. Vincent!, Gusld.; [Marti- nique !]. 48, 'T'. semicrenata, Gr. Leaves ovate or lanveolate, produced into a narrow, taper- ing point, sub-3-nerved, s’wwate-dentate or crenate-repand towards the middle part, glabrous ; panicle spreading ; calyx-tube furrowed, twice the length of the torn limb; azthers 10: pore turned inwards on the transversely truncate, curved top; ovary 3-locular—Bonp/. Mel. t. 31.—Melastoma acuminatum, Sted. / Mart.116 (non Vahl). M. adpressum, Pri. !, ' ibid. Conostegia semicrenata, Ser. Miconia, Nawd.—A shrub; leaves variable, 6!—1" long, 3-3" broad; petals white, of the samie size and proportions as in the preceding, nearly allied species; anthers biauriculated at the base on the anterior side-——Has. Domi- nical, Jmr., S. Vincent !, Guééd.; [Cuba!, French islands !}. , 11. MICONIA, &.P. reform. (Miconia, sect. Eumiconia, Naud. erclus. sp. Glossocentrum, Crueg. Pachyanthus, Rich. Sarcomeris, Naud. Wartigia, Mig.) - Calyz turbinate, semiglobose or shortly campanulate : limb reduced ; teeth short, blunt- ish or obsolete. Anthers 10-8 (-12), oblong-linear and usually tapering towards the top 256 MELASTOMACES. (rarely broader), inflexed above the ovary, opening with one or two pores: cells connected or rarely distinct. Ovary adherent, convex and umbilicatcd at the glabrous top.—Shrubs or trees, not hispid ; panicle terminal: flowers usually sessile ; petals blunt. Sect. 1, Eumiconta,—Anthers oblong-linear, tapering towards the one-pored or parti- tioned top: cells connected.—Panicle trichotomous or contracted: ultimate branches with clustered or serial flowers. § Panicle trichotomous. + Seeds pyramidal, with the embryo usually inflexed. * Leaves whitened beneath. 49. ML. argyrophylla, DC. Tetragonal branches and under side of the leaves hoary with a very short appressed down ; Zeaves elliptical-oblong, trinerved, glabrous above, si/- very beneath, petioled ; panicle trichotomous, hoary: flowers serial ; ‘ealyx-tube furrowed ; anthers 10; filaments inflexed in the bud; ovary 3-locular: stigma minute.—Sloan. t. 198. f.l. Mart. Nov. Gen. t. 284.—M. holosericea, Steud. ! in Pl. Hostm. (non DC). M. holosericea, a, Crueg. /—A tall shrub, usually about 20’ high, but variable in growth; leaves 412” long, pointed, minutely denticulated or subentire; bracts minnte, subulate; calyx- tube shortly campanulate, at length globose: teeth shortly ovate, bluot; petals white or flesh-coloured, obovate; connective bitubercled at the base on the anterior and tumid on the posterior side-—Has. Jamaica (S/.), Barbadoes; Trinidad!, Lockh., Cr., Pd., in savan- nahs and woods; [S. Thomas; Mexico! to Guiana!, Brazil! and Bolivia]. 50. IM. holosericea, DC. Compressed-cylindrical branches and under side of the leaves hoary, with a short, appressed, white down ; :Jeaves ovate-oblong, or elliptical-oblong, subcordate at the base, subtriplinerved, petioled, shining glabrous above, silvery beneath ; panicle trichotomous, hoary: flowers serial; calyx-tube furrowed; anthers 10; filaments nodding in the bud; ovary 8-locular: stigma funnel-shaped.—Bonpl. Mel. t. 23, 24.— Melastoma, Z. M. albicans, Sw. Miconia detergibilis, DC. M. rufescens, Macf. M. holosericea, 8, moutana, Crueg./—A shrub, 4’-12' high; leaves 4-6" long, bluntish or pointleted, subentire; bracts minute, deciduous ; calyx-tube ovate, at length globose: teeth minute or obsolete ; petals white; anthers biauricled at the base; berry blue-—Has. Jamai- cal, all coll., to Trinidad!, Lockh., Sch., Cr., common in all the West Indian islands, in savannahs and thickets; [Veraguas! to Peru! and Bolivia, Venezuela, Guiana !, Brazil !]. 4 ** Leaves not white with down beneath, 51, M. impetiolaris, Don. Branches rusty-downy ; leaves obovate-oblong, pointed, or blunt, auricled at the subsessile or very shortly petioled dase, triplinerved, at length gla- brous above, rusty-downy beneath; panicle trichotomous, spreading: primary branches in- terruptedly spiciform, with clustered flowers; calyx-tube at length obsoletely furrowed ; an- thers 10; ovary 3-locular: stigma minute.—Bonpl. Mel. t. 29.—Melastoma, Sw.! Mico- nia macrophylla, Maef—A shrub, about 8’ high, variable in the base of the leaves, which are either stem-clasping or very shortly (1-2!) petioled, the lateral ribs always proceeding from above the base of the midrib, easily recognized by its large (8"-12" long) leaves, nar- rowing towards their small auricles ; calyx-tube shortly campanulate, rusty-downy : teeth mi- nute or obsolete; petals white, 1-2" long ; anthers bitubercled at the base; berry blue— Has. Jamaica!, Macf., Dist., M‘Nab, Pd., Al., in damp mountain-woods; [Guadeloupe !, S. Thomas; Venezuela, Panama!, Ecnador!, equat. Brazil !]. 52. M. splendens, Gr. Branches rusty-downy; leaves elliptical or elliptical-oblong, bluntish, xarrowed at the petioled base, triplinerved, glabrous above, glabrescent beneath ; panicle trichotomous, spreading, terminated by corymbiform cymes: ultimate clusters 3—1- flowered ; calyx-tube not furrowed; anthers 10; ovary 8-locular: stigma funnel-shaped.— Plum. t. 140 sec. Sw.: bad.—Melastoma, Sw./ Cremanium, Macf. Miconia obovalis, Naud. M. elliptica, Macf—A shrub; leaves 6"—-8" long, crenulate or repand: petiole scarcely 4” long, usually winged upwards; calyx-tube ovate, powdery: teeth minute or obsolete; petals white, 1!'-2" long; anthers biauricled at the base ; berry blue—Has. Jamaica!, Sw., Macf., Pd., Al. ; Dominica!, Imr., in mountain woods. MELASTOMACES, 267 53. M. prasina, DC. Leaves glabrous, oblong or elliptical-oblong, acuminate or point- leted, triplinerved, petioled ; panicle trichotomous, powdery : flowers clustered or shortly serial; calyx-tube at length furrowed; anthers 10; ovary 3(—4)-locular: stigma thickened, blunt.—Melastoma, Sw. M. trinervium ef quinquenervium, Se/zm. Pi. Bah.! Micouia attenuata, DC., Crueg.! M. collina, DC. M. macrophylla, Stewd./ M. palustris, Macf. —A common shrub, 4!-25! high, variable in growth, texture, and margin of the leaves, shape of calyx, and size of flower; leaves 4-8" long, usually somewhat leathery, subentire or crenate-repand ; calyx-tube ovate ; petals whitish, 1!”-2!" long; anthers biauricled at the base; berry blue or almost black.—Has. Jamaica], all coll., to Trinidad !, Cr.; in woods and open situations; (Haiti; Panama to Brazil !]. tt Seeds obovate, with the embryo straight. 54, Mf. leevigata, DC. Leaves glabrous or glabrescent, ovate-lanceolate, taper-pointed, trinerved, petioled; panicle trichotomous, powdery: flowers shortly serial; calyx-tubeyat length furrowed; anthers 10; ovary 8-locular: stigma blunt.— Audi. ¢.159. Bonpl. Mel t. 21: Mel. pyramidalis (a denticulate form with small flowers); t. 35; Mel. pendulifolia (the same with larger flowers).—Mel. levigata, d4ud7. Miconia pyramidalis, nicotianefolia, pendulifolia, havanensis, trichotoma, ceanothina, DC. M. affinis, microcarpa, parviflora, - Macf.—A shrub, usually 4'-10' high, extremely common in the West Indies, variable chiefly in the margin of the leaves, the down, and the size and arrangement of the flowers: safely to be distinguished from M, prasina, DC., by the lateral leaf-ribs proceeding from the base of the midrib; leaves 4-10" long, entire or denticulate; calyx-tube ovate; petals white or flesh-coloured, 1’’-3"" long ; connective biauricled at the base on the anterior, tubercled on the posterior side; berry black —Has. Jamaica! to Trinidad !,’all coll., Seb. Tr. 67, every- where in all the islands; [Cuba! and Mexico! to Panama! and Guiana]. 55. ML. myriantha, Benth. Leaves glabrous above, glabrescent beneath, oblong- lanceolate, taper-pointed, trizerved, petioled; panicle spreading, many-flowered, powdery and glabrescent: ultimate flowers shortly pedicellate ; calyx-tube not furrowed; anthers 10; ovary 3-locular: stigma minute, blant.—M. tristis, Spring! M. depauperata, Gardn.! M. melanodendron, Naud./ Glossocentrum collinum, Crueg./ Melastoma pendulum, Salem, Pl. Bah. !—A shrub, 8'-10' high; leaves 4-5" long, black in drying, rounded at the base, entire: petiole 3/"-4!" long’; calyx-tube ovate, powdery: teeth minute; petals white, 1/-long, obovate-oblong, equalling the length of the calyx; anthers biauricled at the base or spurred: ithe spur variable in length ; berry 1!" diam.—-Haz, Trinidad !, Cr. ; [New Granada !, Guiana!, Brazil !]. ; §§ Panicle contracted, spiciform. Seeds obovate. 56. IM. multispicata, Naud. Branchlets, petioles, and under side of leaf-ribs tomen- tose ; leaves elliptical, pointleted, rounded at the base, subtriplinerved, with the exception of the under side of the ribs glabrous; panicie contracted, interrupted below: clusters of flow- ers on its primary, reduced branches; calyx-tube not furrowed, hoary-downy; anthers 10, with the terminal pore partitioned ; ovary 3-locular: stigma capitate ——Cremanium inte- erifolium, Macf.—Leaves 3-6" long, papery, shining, entire: petiole 6/8!" long; calyx- tube ovate: teeth ovate; petals somewhat clawed, roundish, 1''-2/ diam., reflexed and shorter than the calyx-tube; anthers biauricled at the base: filaments shortly inflexed in the bud; berry black.— Has. Jamaica!, Pd., Al. 57. M. trinervis, Gr. Glabrous ; leaves elliptical-Ianceolate; tapering at both ends, shortly petioled, trimerved ; panicle contracted, interrupted : clusters of flowers subsessile on the primary axis; calyx-tube not furrowed, glabrous ; anthers 10, with the terminal pore partitioned; ovary 3—-4-locular: stigina blunt.—Melastoma, Sw./ Miconia hexaptera, Naud. M. spicata, Macf.! Cremanium trinerve, Macf—A shrub, 6-8! high, with the younger branches tetragonal ; leaves 6-12" long, obsoletely crenate or subentire; calyx- teeth miuute or obsolete; petals “oval, white.”—This species, as well as the following one, presents the ovary crowned by a neck, encircling the base of the style: but as this structure is not observable in M. multispicata, so nearly related to. this, no reliance can be put on the character-—Has. Jamaica!, Pd., M‘Nab, Al., Wils., in mountain thickets. 58. M. furfuracea, Gr. Branchlets and petioles. rus'y-tomentose with furfuraceous . s Mam 258 MELASTOMACES. down ; leaves oval or ovate, bluntish, rounded at the base, subtriplinerved, glabrous, glabre- scent on the ribs beneath ; panicle contracted, interrupted :. clusters of flowers 3—1-flowered on the primary branches and equalling them ; calyx-tube obsoletely furrowed, glabrescent ; petals clawed ; anthers 10, with the terminal pore not partitioned ;.ovary ...: stigma mi- nute.— Melastoma, Vah/—Leaves 6-8" long, papery, entire or repand : petiole 1-2" long ; panicle shorter than the leaves: the axis rusty-tomentose ; calyx campanulate, 3!"'—4!" long : the limb entire or obsoletely lobed; anthers without appendages at the base: cells exceeding the connective.—Bonpland’s Melastoma cordato-ovalis (Met. t. 49), a species neglected by subsequent authors, gives an idea of the habit of our plant, though differing in its more compound inflorescence.—Has. Dominica!, mr. Sect. 2. ARRrHENoTOMA.—Anthers ovate-oblong : cells separated by a longitudinal furrow : pores 2, terminal.—Panicle corymbiform, with the central flowers stalked. 59. M. angustifolia, Gr. Leaves linear-lauceolate, acuminate, trinerved, glabrescent above, white beneath with powdery down, ‘as are the branchlets; primary branches of the panicle 7—3-flowered : the alar flowers as long as their pedicel ; calyx-tube not furrowed, powdery ; anthers 8, nodding; ovary 4-locular: stigma minute—Vahl, Ic. Amer. t. 26. Bonpl. Mel. t. 10.—Melastoma, Sw. Tetrazygie, DC.—A shrub; leaves 14-2" long, crowded, entire; petiole 2/’-6'" long; panicle shorter than the uppermost leaves; calyx about 1” long: tube ovate: teeth triangular ; petals whitish, equalling the length of the calyx; style exserted.—Haz. Jamaica (Sw.); Montserrat, Dominica!, Jmr.; Trinidad!, Sieb. Tr. 127; Lockh. ; [French islands]. Sect. 3, Hantieta.—Anthers oblong: cells separated by a longitudinal furrow : pore par- titioned or single, anterior on the obliquely truncate top. Seeds obovete—Panicle in- terrupted, subcontracted : flowers serial, on subscorpioid branchlets; bracts blunt, fringed ; stigma included, 60. M. racemosa, DC. Leaves glabrous or glabrescent, elliptical or oblong, trinerved, ciliate, petioled ; panicle interrupted: flowers unilateral on the branchlets; calyzx-tube at length furrowed ; anthers 10, with the pore partitioned; ovary 3(-5)-locular: stigma mi- nute.— Bonpl. Mel. t. 27.—Melastoma, Aubl., Mey. Fl. Esseq.! Hartigia spectabilis, Mig. ' Mic, cireumsecta, verticillata, ef serrulata, Macf-—A shrub, 3'~10! high, very variable in the form of the leaves: branchlets obtase-angled, at length cylindrical, very glabrous, but usually setose at the nodes; leaves 4-6” long, papery, polished (but the nerves impressed on the upper and prominent on the under side), denticulate or repand; calyx-tube semiglo- bose, glabrous: teeth minute; petals white or red, 1-2! long: anthers tumid at the base ; berry purple or black. ; a, Leaves elliptical-oblong, or oval. B. ciliata, DC. Leaves oblong-lanceolate, usually bluatish on both ends.—Bonpl. Mel. ; 28.—Hartigia oblongifolia, Mig. Micon. calophylla, Crweg./—The common, West In- , ian form. Has. Jamaica!, Pd., Al, to Trinidad!, Lockk., Sch., Pd., Cr., in open and woody situ- ations; [Haiti and Mexico to Guiana!, Brazil! and Peru]. 61. M. lacera, Naud. Branches bearded ; leaves ovate or obloug-lanceolate, trinerved, crenate, ciliate and with scattered hairs on the surface, petioled ; panicle interrupted, bearded and downy: flowers unilateral on the branchlets; calyz-tube not furrowed : limb spreading, with the duplicated ¢eeth triangular and torn, fringed with long hairs; anthers 10-12; ovary 3(-5)-locular: stigma minute—Boxpl. Mel. ¢. 5.—Clidemia, DC. Mic. villosissima, Crueg./—A shrub, 6’-8' high: the hairs, which cover the branchlets and the panicle, soft, very long (usually 4!"-5'"), somewhat scattered, rusty or “almost black ;” calyx-tube semiglobose; petals white, 1-2!” long, exceeded by the hairs of the calyx.— Has. Trinidad |, Lockh., Pd., Cr., in open and moist situations ; (Martinique; Mexico! to Feuador | and equat. Brazil !]. 12. EURYCHANIA, Gr. (Miconie sp., DC., Naud.) Calyx turbinate or semiglobose: limb reduced; teeth short, bluntish or obsolete. .A7- MELASTOMACE. 259 thers 10, obovate, without appendages, hanging from the deeply inflexed filament above the ovary: cells connected, opening with a large, anterior, longitudinal fissure, reaching-almost to the base, and common to both of them: connective produced into a very short tail, con- tinuous with the filament. Ovary adherent, depressed and glabrous at the top. Berry 3(-4)-locular: cells dispermous. Sveds large, triangular: rhaphe enlarged; embryo in- flexed, with the cotyledous plaited —Shrubs xot hispid, with a rusty down ; panicles termi- nal, and accessory ones from the axils: flowers clustered or fascicled ; petals blunt. 62. E. punctata, Gr. Leaves lanceolate, acuminate, triplinerved, glabrous above, golden- rusty with leprous down beneath ; panicle rusty-leprous :. flowers clustered or shortly serial ; anthers exceeded by the style; stigma funnel-shaped, truncate——Bonpl. Mel. t. 40: the fructiferous state, in which the berries appear stalked, only one in the cluster being developed. —Miconia, Don. M. discolor, Maef.! M. fulva, Crueg.! (non DC.),—A shrub, about 6’ high, with the compressed branchlets leprous ; leaves 3-5" long, with a metallic lustre and usually dark-coloured dots beneath, tapering into the petiole, subentire or crenulate: petiole 2!"-4"" long ; panicle pyramidal, exceeded by the leaves: primary branches racemiform, spreading, rather rigid, secondary ones equalling the flower-clusters; calyx turbinate, rusty-leprous, 1! long, half the length of the style; petals whitish, roundish, scarcely 1!” long—Has. Jamaica!, Macf., A/., in mountain woods; Trinidad!, Cr. ; [Haiti; Para, Spruce]. 63. E. fulva, Gr. (w. sp.). Leaves ovate or oblong, pointleted, with a narrow point, trinerved or subtriplinerved, glabrous above, rough with scattered stellate down, and rusty- tomentose on the ribs beneath or glabrescent; panicle rusty-tomentose or powdery; flowers shortly stalked, ternate-—An arborescent shrub, 25’-30' high, with the branchlets com- pressed, rusty-tomentose; leaves 6-10" long, concolor and when dried rusty on both sides, variable in breadth, bluntish at the base, subentire: petiole thick, 4/’-8! long, and ribs prominent beneath ; panicles pyramidal, slender, terminal and axillary, stalked, exceeded by the leaves: primary branches racemiform ; pedicels 1/” long, equalling the berry; berry globose, 3-locular, with longitudinal, distant ridges: cells dispermous ; seeds shining, black, convex on the back, flat and keeled on the ventral side, almost as long as the cells —Has. Trinidad!, Lockh., Pd., in mountain woods. : Miconia ferruginea, DC., of Haiti, is probably a third species of this genus, the anthers of which Naudin has described as agreeing with our generic character (“antheris obovatis, poro maximo fere in rimam producto hiantibus”). According to Naudin’s de- scription, it only differs in having tetragonal branches, dentate leaves, and longer pedi- cels. Mic. astralasia, DC., is perhaps a synonym. It seems to occur in Jamaica, as from M‘Fadyen’s description (‘‘anthers opening by a longitudinal fissure, being widest at the apex ; pedicels 4" in length”) his Chenopleura stelligera from Portland woods is pro- bably the same plant, though the berry be described by him as many-seeded : it must, how- ever, not be confounded with the similar Mic. rubiginosa, DC., collected by Sir R. Schom- burgk in Haiti, which is a true Miconia. 18. CHAANOPLEURA, Crueg. (non Rich.). Calyx semiglobose: limb reduced: teeth rounded or obsolete. -dnthers 10, obovate, hanging from the deeply inflexed filament above the ovary: cells connected, opening with a large, anterior, longitudinal fissure, common to both of them: connective produced into a slender tail, continuous with the filament, and somewhat auricled at the base. Ovary adhe- rent, crowned with a glabrous, denticulate neck, 3-locular: ovules in each cell indefinite. Berry small, furrowed. “ Seeds angular : embryo inflexed, with the cotyledons plaited” (Cr.). —Trees, not hispid: branchlets tetragonal ; leaves large, sometimes whorled ; panicle ter- minal (or sometimes axillary), very compound: flowers very small, clustered or shortly serial, 64. Ch. ferruginea, Crueg./ Branches, petioles, and under side of leaves rusty- or hoary-tomentose with a very short appressed down; leaves elliptical-oblong, pointleted, 8—-5- nerved, regularly crenate; panicle trichotomous (or with whorled branches), pyramidal : flowers small, numberless.—S/. ¢. 196. f.1. Bonpl. Mel. t. 23.—Melastoma fulva, Bonpl. Miconia, DC. M. longifolia, a, Nawd. M. Cruegeriana, Naud.—A tree, 30'-40' high ; leaves 6"-12" long, rounded at the base, glabrous above: petiole 1-2" long ; .petals mies obo- s ¢ 260 MELASTOMACEA. vate, 3!" long ; berry yellow, 1” diam—Has. Jamaica (S7.)!; Trinidad, Pd., Cr., in mountain woods; [Central America, Guiana, Brazil]. 65. Ch. longifolia, Gr. Glabrous or glabrescent; leaves oblong-lanceolate, acumi- nate, triplinerved, entire or repand, concolor ; panicle powdery, trichotomous, exceeded by the uppermost leaves : flowers clustered.—Aubl. ¢. 170.—Melastoma, Awb/. Miconia, DC. M. Lambertiana, DC. M. longifolia, 8, Nawd.—Leaves 4-8" long, 1-3" broad, turning black in drying, tapering at the base, quite glabrous, or the younger ones with a few scattered, stellate hairs beneath: the lateral ribs separating only 1’ above the base——The materials, communicated by Mr. Crueger, are incomplete, and the flowers in too young a state to be examined: but according to an original specimen, which I have compared in the British Museum, Crueger’s determination of the species is correct.— Has. S. Vincent ; Trinidad !, Cr.; [Guiana!, Brazil]. 14, PLEUROCH ANIA, Gr. (Miconiz sp., Naud.) Calyz campanulate: limb reduced: teeth bluntish, Azthers 10, ovoid-oblong, hanging from the deeply inflexed filament above the ovary : cells distinct, each bursting (before anthe- sis) by a longitudinal fissure. Ovary adherent, crowned at the top with a glabrous neck, en- circling the base of the style. Seeds pyramidal.—Shrubs, xo¢ hispid: brauchlets com- pressed-tetragonal ; leaves leathery, glabrous, petioled ; panicle terminal: peduncles arti- culated ut the top, 1-few-flowered ; berry not furrowed, 66. Pl. rigida, Gr. Leaves rigid, ovate, bluntish at the top, subcordate at. the base, 8-nerved; panicle loose, rusty-tomentose: branches corymbiform and peduncles single- flowered ; petals clawed; ovary 3-locular: style thickish, with a minute stigma.—Mela- stoma, Sw./ Cremanium, Macf—A shrub, 4'-6! high; leaves 3-6" long, thick, like those of Pachymeria, either pointed or rounded at the top, subentire, perfectly glabrous, but somewhat roughish on the margin and sometimes upon the under side of the ribs: petiole rusty-tomentose, 8!"-2'" long; calyx rusty-tomentose and glandular : teeth rounded ; petals white, leathery, ovate, about the length of the calyx, 2%’” long; anthers without append- ages; berry 3/’—4!" diam., crowned with the persistent calyx-limb.-Has. Jamaica !, on the: summit of the Blue Mountains, Macf., M‘Naé. 67. Pl. quadrangularis, Gr. Leaves flexible, ob/ong-lanceolate, acuminate, rounded or tapering at the base, 3-nerved ; panicle erect, glabrous: branches racemiform, rigid, and peduncles bearing a single or three clustered, bracteolate flowers; ovary 5-locular: style thickened upwards, with the stigma capitate——Melastoma, Sw./ Cremanium, DC. Mico- nia, Nawd.: the analysis of the anther and the ovary incorrect. Chanopleura, Magf—A shrub, 12! high; leaves 34-6" long, entire, with a narrow tapering point, paler beneath, glabrous: petiole 6’”-18"" long, ribs reddish; calyx glabrous, 2” long: teeth triangular ; petals oval, rather shorter than the length of the calyx, “ white, with a yellow tinge ;” an- thers tubercled at the base on the posterior side; berry 2! diam., purple, pruinose—Has. Jamaica |, in the Blue Mountain range, Macf., Pd., Al., Wils., March. 15. OCTOPLEURA, Gr. (Sagreese sp., Naud.) Calyx shortly campanulate: limb reduced: teeth 4, short or obsolete. Axthers 8, ellip- tical-oblong, inflexed above the ovary, produced at the base into a short, conical spur: cells distinct, each opening with a terminal pore. Ovary adherent, crowned at the top by a glabrous, furrowed neck. Berry 8-ribbed: ribs longitndinal, prominent. Seeds pyrami- dal—A low shrub, zot hispid ; leaves petioled ; cymes corymbiform, axillary: pedicels jointed at the top ; petals 4, bluntish at the taper-pointed top, forming a bluntly conical body in the bud. . This genus, peculiar to the hills of Jamaica, has the habit of some species of Cremanium, but is quite distinct from that genus by the structure of the stamens, forming an intermediate link towards Miconia. 68, O. micrantha, Gr. Branches and petioles powdery, glabrescent ; leaves glabrous, elliptical, triplinerved ; cymes equalling the petiole; ovary 4-locular: style fusiform, with a MELASTOMACE. 261 minute stigma.—Melastoma, Sw./ Sagreea neurocarpa, Naud. Ossea micrantha, Macf. —A slender shrub, 2/ high ; leaves 4’-6” long, comparatively large, membranaceous, shortly tapering at both ends, crenulate-repand or subentire: petiole 8'”-12" long; cymes tricho- tomous, divaricated : pedicels shorter than the flower or equalling it, but by growth three times longer than the berry; calyx 1! long, narrow; petals equalling the length of the calyx, white, with a red blot at the base; berry 1” diam., globose, “white,” greenish in a younger state and then octagonal by the paler-coloured ribs——Has, Jamaica!, in the central and western mountains; Pd., Al., Wils., Wullschi., at 2000. 16. CREMANIUM, Don, reform. (Miconiee sp., Naud. Osseee sp., DC.) Calyx turbinate or semiglobose: limb reduced: teeth short, bluntish or obsolete. 4n- thers 10-8-4, obovate, truncate, inflexed above the ovary, tailed, opening with 4 or 2 termi- nal pores, or the pores confluent into a single foramen : filaments jointed at the knee with the deeply inflexed, tapering tail; cells subconnected above, without special furrow. Ovary ad- herent, crowned with a glabrous neck or umbilicated at the top.—Shrubs or low trees, usually glabrous ; panicles or corymbiform cymes terminal or axillary: flowers minute : pedicels jocnted and bibracteolate at the top, or none ; petals 4-5, obovate, blunt. - This natural genus, erroneously characterized by the variable number of the pores of the anther, is distinguished from Miconia by the peculiar tail of this organ, which ofteu assumes the shape of a connective, bearing the short cells on its upper part. The number of auther- pores is differently described by different authors often in the same species : but the fact is, that the very narrow dissepiments do uot present the same growth in all flowers, and may sometimes disappear with development: thus in the same panicle of C. rudens I observe 4 and 2 pores, and in other flowers the dissepiments evanescent. * Qymes axillary or lateral. 69. C. virgatum, Gr. Glabrous ; leaves oblong-lanceolate, acuminate, triplinerved ; cymes corymbiform, lateral; lateral pedicels slender, as long as the flower ; anthers 8: tail without appendage; stigma minute, blunt; berry 4-locular, not ribbed.—Melastoma, Sw. / Sagrea, Macf. Ossea purpurascens, Magf.! (an DC. ?).—A low tree, 20-25! high, or shrubby: branchlets obtuse-angled, with the under side of leaf-ribs purple-coloured ; leaves 3-6" long, 1-13" broad, papery or somewhat leathery, polished above, denticulate or entire: veins transverse; petiole 6-12" long; cymes 1-2" long, loose: bracteoles mi- nute; calyx 1 long: tube turbinate; petals 4, equalling the length of the calyx; anther- pores 1-2; style exceeding the corolla; berry (2 long) ovate.—Melastoma purpurascens, Sw. (Osseea, DC., Miconia osseeeeformis, Naud.), is unknown to me, but it was considered by M‘Fadyen to be our plant: the description however disagrees, by the inflorescence nearly equalling the leaves, the leaves less triplinerved, and their veins approximate-—Has. Jamai- ca !, in mountain woods, Sw., Macf., March, Wils. 70. ©. amygdalinum, Gr. Glabrous; leaves elliptical or elliptical-lanceolate, triplinerved ; cymes racemiform, lateral or axillary: pedicels short or none; anthers 8-10 : tail without appendage ; stigma capitate; berry 4-5-locular—Bonpi. Mel. ¢. 37: a form with serrate leaves; ¢. 36: the same with reduced cymes in fruit.—Melastoma, Desr., Bonpl. Ossea amygdalina, multiflora, acuminata, DC. O. brachystachya, integrifolia, Naud.! Henriettea racemosa, Macf.? Creman. axillare, Macf—A shrub, 2/-10! high : branchlets obtuse-angled ; leaves 2"—4' long, often pointleted, but variable in the form, the margin either serrulate or entire, the distance of the lateral ribs from the base,and the veins either transverse or oblique: axils of nerves usually with a small tuft of hairs: petiole 3!’ 8’ long ; cymes usually 1” long, exceeded by the leaf, simply or twice divided: ultimate flowers ternate, either clustered or shortly fascicled, with thickish pedicels ‘and minute, deci- duous bracteoles ; calyx subglobose, rounded at the base, 4" loug; petals 4-5, equalling the length of the calyx, white ; anther-pores 2. Flowers sometimes polygamous, or diccious, as are those of C. rudens——Has. Jamaica!, March, Al., Wils., in mountain woods, at 2000 alt.; [Cuba! to Venezuela]. ® ** Panicle terminal (sometimes accessory ones from the axils). 71. GC. rubens, DC. Glabrous; leaves elliptical or elliptical-lanceolate, pointed, tri- 262 MELASTOMACES. nerved (rarely subtriplinerved) ; panicle: terminal, compound, wany-flowered, not exceeding the leaves: flowers subsessile or shortly stalked ; anthers 8-10, abruptly tailed: ¢az? without appendage ; stigma capitate ; berry 3-locular, not furrowed.—Bonpl. Mel. t. 9.—Mela- stoma, Sw.: a form with distinct sexes. M.theezans, Boxpl. M. glaucocarpon, Schlecht. ! M. glaberrimum, Schlecht. !: differing by a “ white berry.” Cremanium theezans, De. ‘Miconia rubens, microbotrya, abortiva, tetrastoma, Naud., and partly his M, willeflora.—A shrub, 2'-10' high : branchlets usually reddish, obtuse-angled ; leaves 3”-4" long, yellowish-- green by being dried, serrulate or subentire : petiole, AM_12!" long ; panicle ovate : flowers minute, crowded, ultimate ones shortly fascicled or clustered ; the pedicels, if existing, jointed below the top, with the bracteoles obsolete ; calyx semiglobose, £"" long, usually with 4-5 minute teeth; petals 4-5, white, equalling the length of the calyx; anther-pores 4-2— 1; style at length exceeding the stamens; berry blue—Has. Jamaica!, Macf., Pd., Al., on the higher mountains; [Cuba, Guadeloupe ; Mexico !). . 72. ©. Sieberi, Gr. Glabrous ; branchlets tetragonal ; leaves elliptical-oblong, taper- ing at both ends, exquisitely trinerved, serrulate; panicle terminal, compound, many-flow- ered, shorter than the leaves: flowers subsessile or shortly stalked; dracteoles oblong or spathulate, blunt, yellowish, exceeding the buds; petals 5; anthers. ..; ovary 3-locular.— Miconia, DC. Mic. vuleanica, Naud.—An arborescent shrub, 20'-25' high ; leaves 4t_gu long: petiole 1-13" long ; panicle exactly as in the preceding species, from which it is clearly distinct by its growth and by its peculiar bracts. The nodes produce usually dense tufts of thread-shapéd scales—Has. Dominica!, Imr.; Trinidad, in mountain woods; (Guadeloupe, Venezuela]. 18. CG. trinitatis, Crueg.! Glabrous ; leaves ovate-lanceolate, abruptly acuminate, subtriplinerved or trinerved; panicle terminal, loose, compound, equalling the leaves: flowers stalked ; anthers 10, tapering towards the tail: ¢az/ shortly biauriculated at the knee ; stigma minute, blunt; berry 3-locular, not furrowed.—Miconia, Naud—A shrub, 8'-10! high: branchlets slender, tetragonal; leaves 4” long, black in drying, subentire: peti- ole 3!" long; panicle pyramidal: primary branches with accessory inferior ones; ultimate fascicles usually 3-flowered, with the pedicels equalling the minute flower, or the central shorter, jointed at the top: bracteoles minute or obsolete ; calyx 3’ long, ovate; petals 5, white, equalling the length of the calyx ; anthers 2~1-pored, exceeding the style; berry 1” diam.—Has. Trinidad !, Zockh., Cr.; [Panama!, Guiana !]. 14. CG. Rivoerize, Gr. Branchlets powdery, glabrescent ; leaves elliptical or ellip- tical-oblong, cordate or rounded at the base, subtriplinerved, entire, glabrous; panicle ter- minal, compound, many-flowered, equalling the leaves: central flowers sessile ; calyx-tube turbinate ; anthers 8, opening with a single, large, anterior pore: tail without appendage ; stigma minute; berry 2-locular, 8-ribbed.—Miconia, Nawd.—Leaves 4-6" long: petiole 6'_8" Jong; panicle pyramidal, trichotomous: bracteoles minute; calyx 2" long, petals the same length; berry 1” diam., depressed-globose, purplish-black: seeds pyramidal, with a large rhaphe—Has. Dominica |, Imr.; [Martinique, Guadeloupe !, in mountain woods]. 75. C. tetrandrum, Gr. Branchlets depidote, tetragonal. ; leaves elliptical or oblong, pointleted, trinerved, entire, glabrous, dotted beneath by minute scales; panicle terminal, compound, many-flowered, exceeding the leaves: flowers shortly stalked, ebracteolate; az- thers 4, opening with 2, large, terminal pores: tail without appendage; stigma minute; berry 4-locular, tiot ribbed.—Melastoma, Sw. Tetrazygia, DC. Miconia, Naud—A low tree, with the branches pale-rusty ; leaves 6-4" long: petiole 14-1" long; panicle pyra- inidal : calyx lepidote, 3!” long, semiglobose, constricted below the spreading, reduced limb ; petals the same length, 4; berry globose, 14!” diam., crowned with the calyx-limb, black.— Has. Jamaica, on the summit of the Blue Mountain (Sw.);, [Cuba!, Guadeloupe!, in mountain woods]. . Trist Il. PYXIDANTHEA.—Fruit berried. Seeds not cochleate. Anthers com- pressed, usually cohering py the cells: connective enlarged: its appendage, if present, .on the posterior side. 17. BLAKEA, Z.; Naud. (2.c.18 p. 142. ¢.6.f. 1). Calyx 6-lobed or 6-toothed, supported by a 4(—6)-leaved involucre. Antkers 12, cohering MELASTOMACES, 268 or distinct, opening with 2 terminal pores: cells separated by a longitudinal furrow : connective produced at its base into a conical, posterior spur. Ovary adherent, 6-locular > stigma minute, smooth.—Trailing shrubs ; leaves deathery, petioled: nerves communicating by numerous transverse or oblique veins ; flowers large, solitary, axillary: bracts in con- tinuous, decussate pairs, concealing the calyx. 76. B. trinervis, Z. Leaves elliptical, pointleted, rounded at the base, subtriplinerved ; calyx 6-lobed ; anthers distinct, complanate, ovate-roundish, bluntish : connective obliquely infleced, ond spur short.—Br. Jam. t. 85. Tuss. Fl. 3. t, 24.—A shrub, the branches sup-. porting themselves on neighbouring bushes (Maef.): branchlets with the petioles and the under side of leaf-ribs covered with a rusty-tomentose down ; leaves 2’~8" long, at length glabrous and shining, minutely dotted : nerves prominent beneath, separating a little above the base, lateral ones running close and parallel to the margin ; peduncles longer than the peti- ole: bracts elliptical or roundish, blunt, striated by nerves, half the length of the flower ; petals large, 14” long, obovate, pink; anther-pores a little projecting. I find the anthers quite distinct in the fully developed flower, and.no part of the epidermis of the cells shows any signs of a former coherence: this, if confirmed by the bud, would be a remarkable difference from the following species and other Py«idanthee. The'shape of the anthers, which (in conjunction with characters of minor importance) has induced Naudin to dissolve Bilakea into three or four genera, seems in this genus to be only of specific value, and indeed it is so different in the two West Indian species, that they might be separated also, with as boat reason as Bellucia.—Has. Jamaica!, Dist., Al., WullschJ., common in; mountain woods. 77, B. laurifolia, Naud. Leaves elliptical, pointed at both ends, trinerved; calyx 6- toothed; anthers cohering, erect: cells oblong, blunt,.twice as large as the linear, straight connective, and spur one-third the length of the filament, bluntish—A_ shrub, perfectly gla- brous ; leaf-ribs prominent, separating at the base itself; peduncles a little longer than the petiole ; bracts roundish, striated by nerves; petals rosy. ‘In habit it agrees exactly with the preceding species, but is besides easily recognized by the veins of leaves almost 1" distant from each other, and running not at a right-angle from the midrib (as is the case in B. ¢ri- nervis), but in a somewhat oblique direction of about 40°.—Has. Dominica!, Imr.; S. Vin- cent, Guéld., in mountain woods; [Guadeloupe !]. 18*. BELLUCIA, Neck. ; Naud. (1. c. 16. p. 102; 18. 4.4.7. 1). Calyx irregularly lobed, without an involucre. Azthers 10-16, distinct at length, opening with two terminal pores : cells entirely separated by a longitudinal furrow: connective spur- less, obliquely inflexed. Ovary adherent, 8-16-locular : stigma capitate, longitudinally fur- rowed.—A low tree; leaves petioled ; triplinerved: nerves communicating by distant veins ; flowers large, axillary ; berry large, eatable. 78*, B. Aubletii, Naud—Seem. Fl. Panam. t, 26.—Blakea quinquenervia, dudl. B. Hostmanni e¢ superba, Naud. / Ischyranthera levigata, Steud./—A tree, 20/-25! high ; leaves usually 5~8" long, elliptical, pointleted, shining above and pale beneath ; pedicels solitary or 2-8, as long as the petiole; petals rosy or whitish, obovate, about 8” long; berry yellow.—Has. Naturalized in the southern Caribbean Islands; (Mexico! to Para!]. Tarse Ill. CHARIANTHEA.—Fruit capsular. Seeds not cochleate. Appendages of anthers, if present, on the posterior side, 19. CHARIANTHUS, Don; Naud. (l.c. 18. p. 111), Calyz-limb spreading, shortly 4-lobed or repand. » lized in Jamaica!, Waudlschi. ; [introduced from Europe]. - 58. BRACHYRHAMPHUS, DC. Head 10-15-flowered. Involucre imbricate, few-serial. Receptacle naked. Achenium subterete, muricate, longitudinally furrowed, shortly tapering at the summit: pappus pilose, pluriserial, white—An annual, erect, branched, glabrous herb; leaves usually runcinate- lyrate, superior sagittate-clasping ; heads yellow, distant in a loose panicle, with spici- form branches. 157. B. intybaceus, DC.—Lactuca, Jacg. B. caribeeus avd sonchifolius, DC—A variable tropical weed: habit of Sonchus——Has. Antigua!l, Wullschl.; Trimidad!, Cr. ; [Portorico to Guadeloupe!; Nicaragua; East Indies!, trop. Africa]. 59. LACTUCA, LZ. Involuere imbricate, few-serial. Receptacle naked. Achenium flat-compressed, smooth, abruptly beaked : pappus pilose, white—Heads xarrow, usually paniculate. 158. L. jamaicensis, Gr. (n. sp.). Glabrous; stem stout, erect ; leaves unarmed beneath, dentate or entire, inferior usually rancinate with a few pointed lobes, or Janceolate-oblong, half-clasping at the tapering base, superior lanceolate, acuminate, sessile; panicle spreading : branches racemiform ; achenium oval-oblong, black, 3-striate at the middle, much longer than the very short beak.~Perhaps a form of L. indica, L. (Mauritius?), which has the same achenia, but much natrower leaves. Several feet high, suffrutescent at the base; infe- rior leaves 8'"-4/! long, 2"~1" broad, superior 4” long, 8!"—6"” broad; panicle often 2! long ; involucre 6! long; achenium 2!" long, rounded below the filiform beak, which is black with a white summit, scarcely 4/” long.—-Has. Jamaica!, M‘Nab, March, Wullschi., in the mountains of Port Royal, S. Marys, Manchester. 60. SONCHUS, LZ. Involucre imbricate. Receptacle naked. Achenium flat-compressed, truncate at the summit: pappus pilose, white —Heads yellow. / 159. &. oleraceus, Z. Annual; leaves runcinate or subentire, dentate: corymbs eglan- dular ; achenium 8-striate, transversely rugulose-—HaB. Jamaica!, M‘Nab; Antigua!, Wullschi., 8. Vincent !, Guild. ; Trinidad !, ‘Cr., a weed; [Europe! to Abyssinia !, East In- dies, Australia !, New Zealand!; Canada! to Patagonia]. LOBELIACEA, 385 ~ 160. 8. asper, Vi/l. Annual ; leaves dentate or slightly runcinate; corymbs eglandu- dular ; achenium smooth: streaks 3(-5), diverging.-—-Has. Jamaica, March, a weed; (Wurope! to the Cape!, Hast Indies !, Australia !, New Zealand !; French islands ! ; Newfound- land to Chili]. XCVI. LOBELIACEA. Corolla sympetalous, asymmetrical. Stamens 5, epigynous, rarely inserted into the co- rolla: anthers connected. Ovary inferior or semi-inferior, syncarpous: ovules indefinite ; style with collecting hairs. Hméryo straight, included in the albumen.—Leaves alternate, tipulate ; intlor e usually r 3 odd calyx-lobe distant from the axis. The milky juice in this Order is very acrid. Zupa is reputed venomous, and Jsotoma longiflora is one of the most poisonous plants of the West Indies. 1. CENTROPOGON, Pri. Corolla 2-lipped: tube entire, incurved. Two anthers awned at the top. Berry 2- celled.—Suffruticose herbs or shrubs ; pedicels azillary. 1. ©. surinamensis, Pr/. Glabrescent; leaves shortly petioled, ovate or ovate-ob-. long, pointleted, rounded at the base, serrulate; pedicels shorter than the leaf, bracteolate near the base ; calyx-lobes lanceolate-acuminate, longer than the hemispherical tube; corolla crimson, slightly dilated ; column long-exserted : anthers pilose, 3 bearded at the top; berry globose.—Bot. Mag. ¢. 225.—Lobelia, Z.—A shrub; corolla 14” long; exserted part of the filaments 4!" long, as long as the anthers.—Has. S. Vincent; Trinidad!, Lane, Cr. ; [Vene- zuela!, New Granada!, Peru!, Guiana !, Brazil !]. 2. SIPHOCAMPYLUS, Podl. Corolla 2-lipped: tnbe entire, or the petals distinct at the base. All or two anthers bearded at the top. Fruit 2-celled, capsular, rarely baccate—Pedicels axillary. 2. S. Berterianus, G. Don. Scandent, glabrous; leaves ovate, acuminate with a narrow point, rounded at the base, remotely serrulate and crenulate-repand, petioled, exceed- ing the pedicels; calyx-lobes subulate : tube ovoid; corolla clavate, straightish, crimson : limb short; anthers all bearded at the top : derry globose.—Lobelia, Spreng. Centropogon, A, DC.: separated from Siphocampylus and referred to Centropogon on account of its berry, but from habit and awnless anthers a congener of the former.—A suffruticose climber; co- rolla equalling the stamens, 1” long; berry 4" diam.—Has. Dominica!, Jmr.; [Haitil, Guadeloupe !]. 3. LOBELIA, L. Corolla 2-lipped : tube cleft on the anterior (superior by torsion) side. Two or all anthers bearded at,the top, rarely glabrous. . Stigma 2-lobed. Capsule 2-celled, opening at the top. Flowers usually racemose. 3. Ib. Cliffortiana, Z. Aunual, glabrous or glabrescent ; leaves ovate, unequally aud obtusely serrate, petioled ; ri loose: pedicels filiform, exceeding the lanceolate bracts ; calyx-tube turbinate-campanulate: lobes linear-acuminate, half as long as the corolla; 2 an- thers bearded; capsule produced beyond the calye-tube—L. Chiff. t. 26.—L. xalapensis, Kth. ; a form with the ovary nearly superior.—1/ high, delicate; corolla purplish-blue, 2!” long.— Han. Jamaica!, Macf., Al., Wils., March, in waste places ; Dominica !, Zur. (L. xalapensis) ; Trinidad!, Pd.; [Cuba! and Mexico! to Brazil]. 4, L. trinitensis, Gr. (x. sp.). Annual, glabrous: stem angular; leaves lanceolate, crenulate or subentire, subdecurrent, the lowest elliptical, subsessile; raceme slender, inter- rupted ; pedicels usually half as long as the bracts ; calyx-tube campanulate: lobes subu- late, including the corolla, half as long as the capsule; 2 anthers shortly bearded, the rest glabrous: capsule inferior, with the valves exserted.— Related to L. camporum, Pohl, which has a longer corolla; and to L. anceps, Thunb., distinguished by short calyx-lobes: in L. domingensis, A. DC., all authers are said to be hairy at the top.—8”-12" high, slender ; 386 LOBELIACE. leaves 18!"-6", pedicels 2’, corolla 1-14", capsule gu long. —Has, Trinidad !, Lockh., Cr., common in savannahs and gardens. 4, TUPA, G. Don. Character of Lobelia, but corolla 1-lipped, cleft to the base on the anterior (superior by tor- sion) side —Stout perennial herbs or shrubs; stem simple, leafy towards the base ; flowers large, racemose. In the West Indian species the stem is herbaceous, the leaves glabrous, the pedicels bi- bracteolate above and often adnate at the base to the braet, the corolla with linear lobes, 5- fid, or the 3 middle lobes usually connected higher up to the disk developed, and the stigma broadly 2-lamellate or 2-globose. * 2 anthers bearded at the top, 3 with a glabrous summit ; leaves subsessile or petioled. 5, T. acuminata, 4. DC. Leaves lanceolate, pointleted, serrulate with bluntish teeth, subsessile; raceme lax, glabrous: pedicels elongated, longer than the linear bract; calyx-tube hemispherical : lobes lanceolate-acuminate ; corod/a twice as long as the calyx- lobes, glabrous, arcwate, dilated at the base; filaments and connectives hairy: 2 anthers densely bearded, the rest glabrous at the rounded summit.—Tuss. FU, 8. ¢. 86: the leaves narrower than in our plant.—Lobelia, Sw.—3/-4! high; leaves 5-12" long, 13” broad ; corolla 8” long, whitish or pale-purple.—Has. Jamaica!, Pd., M‘Nab, in mountain-woods, Portland, S. Marys; (Haiti, 5 6. T. ensifolia, 4. DC. Leaves linear-lanceolute, acuminate, serrulate with spinuli- form teeth, subsessile; raceme elougated, puberulous: pedicels nearly as long as the elon- gated linear bract, incurved; calyx-tube hemispherical : lobes shortly subulate ; corolla pu- berulous, straighdish, dilated at the base; filaments glabrous: 2 anthers densely bearded at the summit, the rest glabrous.—S/. ¢. 95. . 2.—3! high ; leaves 8’—4" long, 6 " broad ; ra- ceme 6-12", pedicels 6'”-8'"; corolla 9” long, yellowish-white (S/.).—HaB. Jamaica!, 4/., Pad., in woods, near the coast of Port Antonio, Mount Diable; [Haiti !]. 7. '%. caudata, Gr. (x. sp.). Leaves linear, caudate-acuminate, tapering into the petiole, pinnatifid-dentate with numerous, unequal, linear, spreading teeth, entire at both ends; raceme short, unilateral, puberulous: pedicels as long as the flower, which is ex- ceeded by the flexuose bract; calyx-tube hemispherical : lobes linear, recurved, 3—} as long as the incurved puberulous corolla; filaments glabrous: 2 anthers densely bearded at the summit, the rest. glabrous.—1' high; leaves 6-8" long: the lamina 4!' broad, its longer teeth 2! long; corolla 6”-8" long, greenish-white—Has. Jamaica!, Pd., M'Nab.,.8. George. 8. T. flavescens, A. DC. Leaves lanceolate-oblong, shortly acuminate, serrate with cartilaginous, incurved, spinuliform teeth, broadly sessile, lowest approximate, cauline de- crescent ; raceme elonyated, compact, glabrous: pedicels as long as the flower, cernuous, exceeded by the large, oblong-lanceolate, serrate bract ; calyx-tube convex-fattish : lobes much longer, lanceolate-acuminate, serrulate ; corolla twice as long as the calyx-lobes, gla- brous, arcuate ; filaments glabrous: 2 anthers densely bearded at the summit, the rest gla- brous.—Lobelia conglobata, Sieb. sec. A. DC.—14' high ; lower leaves 5-6" long, 10"— 12" broad ; raceme 6-8", calyx-lobes 4!" long ; corolla pale——Has. Dominica!, fmr., in the Couliabon mountains; [Martinique]. 9. T. Martagon, Gr. (x. sp.). Leaves lanceolate, acuminate, sessile, serrulate with cartilaginous teeth, lowest rosulate, cauline distant from the raceme, which is long, spread- ing, puberulous ; pedicels longer than the large flowers, exceeding the oblong-lanceolate, serrulate Jract, bibracteolate with oblong-linear, serrulate bractlets, nodding-incurved below the summit ; calyx-tube hemispherical ; lobes broadly lanceolate-acuminate, serrulate ; corolla twice as long as the calyx-lobes, puberulous, incurved ; filaments and connectives ciliate- puberulous: 2 anthers shortly bearded, the rest glabrous at the obliquely truncate summit. —A showy plant, 14/-2! high, in foliage resembling the preceding ; rosular leaves 6-4" long, 810" broad ; bracts 1-2" long, 6""-4" broad, bractlets 6!"-4" long ; raceme 6"— 15", pedicels 3-2”, calyx-lobes 6” long ; corolla purple; anthers 5! long, longer than in the preceding.— Has. Jamaica!l, Pd., A/., M‘Nab, in mountain-woods, on the peaks of the Blue Mountains, on Mount Diable, near Moneague. 2 LOBELIACEZ. 387 ** 2 anthers bearded at the top, 3 hairy above, or glabrescent 3 leaves decurrent ; raceme unilateral, nodding. 10. 'T. assurgens, 4. DC. Leaves lanceolate-oblong, acuminate, tapering and decur- rent at the base, serrulate with pointed spreading teeth; raceme pubescent, elongated, nod- ding at the top, unilateral: bracts lanceolate-linear, or linear serrulate or subentire ; corolla twice as long as the calyx-lobes, pubescent, falcate from the middle ; filaments ciliate-pu- bescent: 2 anthers shortly bearded above, 3 hairy above, but devoid of a terminal beard.— Bot. Mag. ¢. 3138.—Lobelia, L., Sw. I. robusta, Grah.! (Tupa, 4. DC.).—3'-4! high ; leaves 12"-6" long, 23/-2" broad; bracts of variable length, often equalling the flower, or shorter than the pedicel: the latter recurved, usually 2" long; calyx-lobes 6-4!" long ; corolla dull-purple-—Has. Jamaical, M‘Nab, Don, Pd., March, in high mountains, Port Royal, Blue Mountains ; [Cuba !, Haiti]. 11, T. conglobata, 4. DC. Leaves lanceolate-oblong, shortly pointleted, gradually tapering into the narrowly decurrent petiole, serrulate with mucronate: teeth; raceme pube- rulous, glabrescent, short, often compact, nodding-unilateral : bracts linear; calyx-tube tur- binate-hemispherical : lobes lanceolate-linear, serrulate; corod/a twice as long as the calyx- lobes, glabrescent, falcate from the middle ; filaments ciliate ; connectives hairy or glabres- cent: 2 anthers long-bearded : the hairs rigid, often exceeding the glabrous summit of the other anthers——-Lobelia, Lam.—Inferior leaves 15”-12" long, 3’-2" broad; calyx-lobes 6"-8" long ; corolla white (42.); the anther-beard longer than in the other species—Hab. Jamaica!, Pd., Al., March, Wullschi., in moist mountain-woods, Manchester, S. Anns. *** All anthers bearded at the summit. + Leaves subsessile ; raceme elongated. 12. T. digitalifolia, Gr. (x. sp.). Leaves lanceolate, acuminate, serrulate with some- what distant, spinuliform, zxcurved-accumbent teeth ; raceme elongated, glabrous: pedicels nearly as long as the linear, entire bract, spreading, bibracteolate at the middle; ca/yx-tube turbinate-hemispherical: lobes lanceolate-acuminate, entire; corolla twice as long as the calyx-lobes, glabrous, falcate above ; filaments glabrous: anthers all bearded at the sum- mit.—Leaves 5-8" long, 9""=T5!"' broad ; raceme 1' long; pedicels 1” long, incurved at the top: bractlets setaceous; calyx-tube 4”, lobes 6” long; corolla 10'~12" long, pale— Has. Dominica !, Dur. 18. T. cirsiifolia, A. DC. Leaves lanceolate, acuminate, serrate with spreading subu- »» late-spinuliform teeth, approximate near the middle of the stem; raceme glabrous: pedicels bibracteolate above the middle, nearly as long as the lanceolate-linear serrulate bract, infe- rior exceeded by the bract; calyz-tube hemispherical: lobes linear from a subulate base, subentire, spreading ; ae twice as long as the. calyx-lobes, glabrous, falcate above ; fila- ments glabrous: anthers all densely bearded at the summit.— Bot. Mag. ¢. 2137.—Lobelia, Lam. 1. racemosa, Sims (Tupa, 4. DC.).—3!-5' high; leaves 6-8" long, 12” broad, superior narrower, distant ; pedicels 1” long: bractlets setaceous; calyx-tubes 2", lobes 5!” long; corolla 10" long, greenish.—Has. S. Kitts, S. Vincent !, Gudld. 14, T. infesta, Gr. (x. sp.). Leaves linear-lanceolate, acuminate, serrate with some- what distant, spreading, subulate-spinuliform teeth, approximate below, distant from the elongated, glabrescent raceme; pedicels longer than the highly adnate, linear, serrulate bract, bibracteolate below the middle; calyz-tube hemispherical : lobes ovate-lanceolate, acuminate, serrulate, spreading ; corolla thrice as long as the calyx-lobes, glabrous, falcate above ; filaments gialironsy anthers all densely bearded at the summit.—Habit of 7. ensi- folia ; leaves 4-6" long, 6!"-7" broad ; pedicels 9’'-10" long, incurved: bracts inserted 2!" above their base, 4'-6"" long, inferior longer : bractlets setaceous ; calyx-tube 2", lobes 3" long; corolla 8"'-9"" long, greenish.—Has. S. Kitts |, Hvs., Greuada (Zis.), a noxious weed in cocoa-plantations. +t Leaves petioled ; raceme leafy. 15. T. persicifolia, 4. DC. Stem leafy to the summit ; leaves lanceolate, acuminate at both ends, petioled, serrate with mucronate teeth ; raceme leafy, glabrous : pedicels elongated, slender, bibracteolate near the base, distinct from the floral leaf, which often equals the flower; calyx-tube turbinate-hemispherical: lobes subulate-linear, subentire ; corolla 388 CAMPANULACEA. thrice as long as the calyz-lobes, glabrous, arcuate above the middle ; filaments ciliate at the base: anthers all densely bearded at the summit, connectives slightly hairy.—Dedess. Ie.5.t.11. Bot. Mag. t. 3012.—Lobelia, Zam. L. Kranssii, Grah.— Leaves 8"'-4" long, 14"-1" broad, floral gradually decrescent; pedicels 2-1" long ; corolla 15/”-18" long, crimson.—Has. Dominica!, Jmr., in the high mountains; [Guadeloupe!; Guatemala!). The number of West-India Zupe, though several were to be reduced, is not yet exhausted : there is a broad-leaved St. Vincent species, related to 7. flavescens, but not in a state fit for publication: this must be compared with Z. stricta of Guadeloupe, which, as well as 7. sonchifolia (Lobelia, Sw.) is unknown to-me. 5. IOSOTOMA, R&R. Br. Corolla salver-shaped : tube long-filiform, limb slightly unequal. Stamens inserted into the corolla-tube. Two or all anthers bearded at the top. Capsule 2-celled—Herbs ; flowers axillary or racemose. 16. I. longiflora, Pri. Perennial, pubescent; stem flaccid, leafy; leaves lanceolate- oblong, sinuate-dentate, tapering at the subsessile base; pedicels short, axillary ; calyx-lobes lanceolate, serrulate ; corolla-tube nearly as long as the leaf: lobes lanceolate, much shorter ; all anthers shortly bearded.—S/. ¢.101. f. 2. Plum. Ed. Burm.t. 253. Jacq. Amer. Pict. #. 200. Tuss. Fl. 4. ¢. 25. Dese. Fl. 8. ¢. 156.—Lobelia, Jacg.—Leaves 3!'-4" long; co- rolla white; capsule ovoid, nodding.—Has. Jamaica!, all coll., common in moist, shady places; Antigua !, Wichols., Dominica !, Imr. ; [Cuba! to French islands !1. XCVII. GOODENOVIEA. Character of Lobeliacee, but odd calyx-lobe next -the axis, corolla-lobes induplicative, stigma indusiate, and sap not milky. 1, SCAVOLA, L. Corolla 1-lipped, cleft on the superior side. Anthers distinct. Indusium of the stigma bearded. Pericarp drupaceous: cells 1-seeded.—Flowers mostly in axillary cymes ; corolla villous within ; lobes winged, often fimbriate. 1. S. Plumieri, Z. Shrubby; leaves fleshy, obovate, quite entire: axils bearded; cymes peduncled; calyzx-limb truncate-repand or obsoletely denticulate ; drupe subglobose. Jacq. Amer. Pict. t. 199. Desc. Fl. 7. t. 474.—Lobelia, Z. §S. Lobelia, Sw. §S. Thun- ergii, Eckl./ S. senegalensis, Pri.—2' high ; corolla white, 10-8" long.—Has. Baha- mas !, Swains., along the seacoast ; Jamaica!, March; Antigua!, Wudlschi. ; [Haiti to French islands ; Mexico; Galapagos! ; Senegambia! to the Cape!; Scinde !}. XCVIII. CAMPANULACEA. (Sphenocleacem.) Stamens usually free from the sympetalous corolla: anthers dehiscent in the still closed flower. Ovary inferior, syncarpous : ovules usually oo ; stigmas mostly furnished with col- lecting hairs. Hmdryo straight, included in albumen.—Leaves alternate, exstipulate. 1. PONGATIUM, Rheede. Calyx broadly sessile: lobes rounded, inflexed. Corolla 5-partite, imbricative. Anthers epipetalous, sessile, didymous. Sty/e short: stigma emarginate-capitate, devoid of collecting hairs. Capsule 2-celled, circumscissile: cclls many-seeded.—A glabrous annual; flowers small, white, in compact, peduncled spikes. The connection of this anomalous genus with Campanulacea, though disagreeing in most typical characters of the Order, is evident from the early dehiscent anthers and the similar capsules and seeds: in habit and inflorescence it may be compared with Phyteuma. PLUMBAGINES. 389 1. P. indicum, Zam.—Sphenoclea Pongatium, 4. DC—1!-3! high, -few-branched ; leaves elliptical-lanceolate, quite entire, petioled ; spikes cylindrical with a conical point, a" long ; seeds minute, cylindrical, smooth : embryo axile.—Has. Trinidad!, Lockh., Cr., = am places and savannahs; [Mexico to Brazil! ; trop. Africa! to Egypt!; East In- ies !]. XCIX. PLANTAGINEA. Flowers apetalous, involucellate, mostly in spikes. Stamens inserted into the scarious calyx (usually called coralla), rarely hypogynous. Stigma with collecting hairs. Ovary su- perior, 2(—4)-celled, rarely simple. mdryo straight, included in albumen.—Herbs 3 leaves erstipulate, usually rosulate at the base of a simple scape. ‘ PLANTAGO, LZ. Calyx 4-fid, supported by a 4-leaved involucel. Stamens 4(-2). Ovary 2(—4)-celled: ovules peltate. Capsude circumscissile. ~ 1. BP. major, Z. Perennial; leaves ovate, long-petioled, palmatinerved, nearly equal- ling the scape; spike cylindrical; involucel-leaves equal, blunt; calyx-lobes spreading, ovate oF lanceolate; capsule-cells 4-12-seeded: seeds convex on the placentar, flat on the outer side. B. tropica, Leaves dentate towards the base ; spike elongated, interrupted at the base ; calyx-lobes lanceolate, pointed ; cipsule 24~16-seeded.—P. major, 8 asiatica, Decaisne. P. asiatica, D. sec. Decaisne (non Ledeb.). : Has. 8. Jamaica!, Vullschi., Manchester; [S. Thomas !, Brazil; East Indies to South- ern China; «. and other forms in all continents]. 2, P. virginica, ZL. Annual, hairy; leaves spathulate or obovate-oblong, 8-5-nerved, remotely denticulate; spike cylindrical, often interrupted at the base; involacel-leaves une- qual, 2 posterior roundish; calyx-lobes erect in the fertile flowers, lanceolate ; capsule-cells l-seeded: seeds concave on the placentar, convex on the outer side——Scape 9-2" high, much longer than the leaves; flowers dimorphous, the fertile with included filaments.— Has. Jamaica!, Wéls., in the mountains of S. Andrews, at 4000! alt. ; [Canada to Chiloe]. C. PLUMBAGINEA. Calyx mostly scarious. Stamens 5, hypogynous, bearing above their base a dorsal, peta- line appendage, or surrounded by and opposite to the lobes of a crown (the corolla). Ovary simple: styles or style-branches 5: ovule single, hanging from a central cord. Zmébryo mostly included in amylaceous albumen.—Leaves exstipudate, often rosulate. 1, STATICE, ZL. Calyx 5(-10)-lobed. Petaline appendages usually distinct. Styles subdistinct, glabrous : stigmas cylindrical. Pericarp membranaceous, indehiscent or circumsessile at the summit. —Leaves usually rosulate ; flowers glomerate or single : the glomerules or flowers supported by 8 distichous bracts, usually in unilateral or distichous compound spikes. Sect. Limontum, Botss.—Petaline appendages distinct nearly to the base, purple or blue. Achenium irregularly rumpent at the base. 1. S. bahamensis, Gr. (x. sp.). Glabrous, rough with lepidote dots; leaves spathu- late, tapering into the petiole, mucronate, early marcescent; scape much branched below : most inferior brauches sterile, at length angular: scales deltoid-subulate, rusty, white on the margin; glomerules 3-2-flowered, densely approximate, in unilateral, recurved, sub- corymbose ‘spikes : inferior bract ovate, blunt, rasty-coriaceous, with a white, membrana- ceous margin, superior 2-3 times longer, oblong, blunt, herbaceous with a broad, white, membranaceous border; calyx-tube pilose: lobes white, subdistant, deltoid; anther-cells pointed at the base.—Habit and many characters of S. caspia, W. (bellidifolia Gouan, DC.), 390 : LENTIBULARIEZ. but sterile branches shorter, and the superior bract ‘of different structure. Spithameous; spikes 8"’—-4!" long; superior bract 13’” long: herbaceous back thickish, as broad as the border ; calyx 2! long: lobes small_—Has. Bahamas !, Hja/mars., Turk Islands. 2. PLUMBAGO, Z. Calyx tubular, 5-dentate, glandular with stipitate glands, 5-costate: angles herbaceous. Corolla salver-shaped : limb 5-partite. Styde with 5 filiform branches. Pericarp membrana- ceous, torn at the base—Shrubs or perennial herbs; leaves.scattered ; flowers 3-bracteate, in elongated spiciform racemes: pedicels very short. ¢ 2, BP. scandens, LZ. Shrubby, trailing, glabrous ; leaves ovate- or oblong-lanceolate, acuminate or pointed, petioled; calyx-tube glandular on its convex angles to the base, half as long as the filiform corolla-tube ; corolla-lobes mucronate.—sS. ¢. 133. f.1. Jacg. Amer. » Pict. t. 28. Desc. Fl. 8. t. 172.—Corolla white, tube 8'’-10” long—Has. Jamaica!, Macf., Bancr., in hedges; S. Kitts !, Hs., 8. Vincent !, Guild. ; Trinidad’, Cr.; [Mexico! to Brazil! and Chili; Galapagos !]. : CI. PRIMULACEA. Stamens inserted into the sympetalous (rarely polypetalous) corolla, opposite to its lobes (or alternate to the calyx). Ovary mostly superior, 1-celled ; ovules peltate upon a free cen- tral placenta, mostly hemianatropous ; style simple. Pertcarp capsular. Embryo small, in- cluded in fleshy albumen.—Herbs ; leaves exstepulate. é 1. CENTUNCULUS, Z.. Calyx 4—-5-partite. Corolla rotate-infundibular, imbricative, marcescent. Filaments di- lated at the base, glabrous. Capsule globose, circumscissile.—Small, annual, glabrous herbs ; leaves minute, subentire, alternate, or lowest opposite; flowers axillary: corolla included. 1. C. pentandrus, 2. Br. Leaves ovate or ovate-roundish, subacute; flowers pedi- ‘ \cellate ; corolla 5-partite ; filaments glandular at the base.— Wight, Ic. t. 1585.—Anagallis pumila, Sw. Micropyxis, Dub. M. tenella, Wight (Centunculus, Dub.).—2"-8" high; leaves 2, pedicels usually 3!, calyx 1! long; corolla white, purplish at the base.—Has. Jamaica (Sw.), in boggy hills, Clarendon ; [Mexico !, Venezuela!, Brazil!, trop. Australia! ; Hast Indies !]. CII. LENTIBULARIEA, Character of Primulacee, but corolla 2-lipped, 2 stamens with confluent anther-cells, ovules anatropous, and seeds exalbuminous, the embryo often undivided—Herbs, aquatic or growing in wet places; flowers on scapes. 1, UTRICULARIA, L. Calyr 2-partite: segments entire, or the inferior emarginate. Corolla spurred, usually personate.—Flowers iz racemes or single. § 1. Leaves entire ; root-fibres furnished with little bladders, several of them thickened into tubers.—Kpiphytical scapes (Orchidioides, A. DC.).. 1. U. montana, Jacg. Rigid; tubers ovoid-oblong: root-bladders minutely globose, distant, long-stipitate ; scape 1—8-flowered; Jeaves lateral, geminate (or 8-1), Janceolate- oblong, lanceolate or ovate-lanceolate, tapering into a long petiole, bluntish, reticulated ; flowers large, whitish ; calyx-segments scariose, many-nerved, broadly ovate, obtusate, half as long as the corolla; corolla-lips subentire, flat, roundish or broadly obovate, inferior twice as large, nearly as long as the ascending incurved-subulate spur.—Jacg. Amer. Pict. t. 8.—U. alpina, Z. U. grandiflora, Pers. U. unifolia, 2. P—4"-12" high; leaves 3"-14", flowers 14"-1" long ; scape-scales minutely lanceolate, distant, bracts geminate (1-3) ; seeds fusiform : embryo undivided.—Has. Montserrat, Dominica |, mr. 3 8. Vincent !, Guéld. ; LENTIBULARIEA. 391 Grenada, Trinidad!, Pd., Cr. ; epiphytical on mountain-trees, among mosses, at 2800’ alt.-; [French islands; Darien, Venezuela!, Guiana !, New Granada iF Can ). : : § 2. Leaves entire or disappearing ; root-fibres thin, often furnished with litile bladders. —Terrestrial scapes (Oligocysta, A. DC.). 2. U. amethystina, S/. Hi7. Scape filiform: scales minute, distant, evauriculate at the base ; Jeaves few, rosular, small, oJovate or roundish, petioled ; raceme lax, few-flowered : pedicels capillary, distant, spreading-erect : bracts 2—3-fid; calyx-segments roundish, en- tire; corolla small, variegated : upper lip entire, inferior slightly 3-lobed or subentire, ez- ceeded by the conical-cylindrical, bluntish, or pointed spur.—Mart. Fl. Bras. 9. ¢. 21. f.1, z. 22. f. 6: larger-flowered, and with larger ovate-roundish leaves.—U. modesta, 4. DC. / (in Pl. Pepp.). U. globularifolia, var. minor, Benjam.! (in Pl. Kegel.) : I see no specific difference in Salzmann’s original U. amethystina. Several other forms are probably likewise identical, e.g. U. obovata, Mig., U. spathulata, Sp/itg., U. versicolor, Benjam.—Root-fibres at length stoloniferous: bladders rare, minutely globose, subsessile ; stem 4/'-12" high ; leaves 2!"-3", pedicels 6, inferior lip 1", spur 14/’-2/ long ; flowers blue with yellow, or whitish-blue.—Has. Dominica !, Jmr. ; [Venezuela, Guiana !, Brazil !]. 3. U. pusilla, Y. Scape capillary: scales and bracts auricled at the base, minute, distant; deaves few, rosular, very small, obovate or oval, shortly petioled, often none; ra- ceme few(-1)-flowered, flexuose: pedicels capillary, spreading-erect: bracts undivided, single; calyx-segments elliptical-roundish ; corod/a small, “ yellow:” upper lip subentire, inferior 8-lobed, half as long as the conical-subulate ascending spur.—U. leptantha, Benj. ex descr.—Root fibrous: bladders minute, stipitate; stem 1-33" high; leaves 1!’-2!", pe- dicels 2!, inferior lip 1!", spur 2! long.—Has. Jamaica!, 4/., in muddy places, S, Anns; Trinidad !, Cr. ; [Gutana, Brazil]. ‘ 4, U. subulata, Z. Scape capillary: scales and bracts auricled at the base, minute, distant ; Jeaves very‘small, spathulate-linear, usually none ; raceme few-flowered, flexuose : pedicels capillary, spreading: bracts undivided, single; calyx-segments elliptical ; corolla small, “‘ yellow :” upper lip entire, inferior slightly 3-lobed, xearly us long as or longer than the conical-subulate, bluntish spur.—v. nervosa, Benjam. in Pl. Kegel.! ; a low form, with more approximate pedicels: the same was collected by Crueger and by Spruce: leaves and bladders on the root-fibres exist in Kegel’s plant : the figure of J. zervosa in Mart. Fl. Bras. has larger flowers.—Root fibrous: bladders minute, rare, often wanting; stem 8-1" high ; pedicels 2”’-3", spur 2’” long.—Trinidad !, Cr. ; [United States | to Brazil !). 5. U. angustifolia, Benjam./ Scape slender, filiform, somewhat rigid, flexuose: scales and bracts erauriculate, minute, very distant ; leaves lony, grass-like, linear, taper- ~ ing towards the petiole, disappearing ; raceme elongated, 2-6-flowered ; pedicels very dis- tant, capillary, spreading : bracts cut into setaceous segments ; calyx-segments ovate-round- ish ; corolla small: upper lip entire, inferior subentire, nearly as long as the conical-subu- late, subincurved, pointed spur.—Root fibrous : bladders “none ;” stems 1-2’ high, often: several from the same root ; leaves subsolitary, 4’—7'"(-1") long, 13” broad ; pedicels 6-2", spur 3 long; corolla pale-blne (Cr.), yellow (Kegel).—Has. Trinidad !, Pd., Cr., in moist, sandy savannahs, Arima, Omeara, Aripo ; [Guiana 1. § 3. Leaves capillary-dissected, swimming by means of the bladders ; roots none.— ‘ Peduncles (scapes) emersed (Lentibularia, A. DC.). 6. U. obtusa, Sw. Leaves whorled along submersed interwoven stems, and at the base of the scapes: bladders obliquely subglobose, scattered on their capillary segments; scape filiform, devoid of scales; raceme lax, few-flowered: bracts sheathing, truncate-roundish, single, ezauriculate : pedicels distant, spreading, as long as the internodes; calyx-segments roundish ; corolla. small, yellow. lips entire or inferior subentire, nearly as long or /t¢le exceeded by the subulate, bluntish, imeurved spur.—Scape 6-2", pedicels 4/6", spur 2! long —Has. Jamaica!, M‘Nad, Wils., Wullschl., in rivulets; Trinidad!, Cr.; [Cuba and Mexico to Brazil]. 7. U. myriocysta, St. Hil. Leaves whorled along the immersed floating stem, and at the base of the :scape: bladders subglobose, numerous on their capillary segments; scapes ed 392 MYRSINEZ. 2-1-flowered, flaccid, devoid of scales: bracts sheathing, subtruneate, single, auzicled at the base; calyx-segments ovate, rounded; corolla pink: upper lip entire, inferior 3-lobed, nearly as long as the conical-cylindrical, bluntish, straight spur.—Mart. Fl. Bras. 9. 7. 20. S. 2, #. 22. 7. 1.—U. palatina, Web.—Scape 5"-2", corolla 6-4!" long.—Has. Trinidad |, Pd., Cr., in ditches of savannahs, Aripo ; [Guiana, Brazil]. 8. U. coccinea, Benjam. Leaves alternate along the immersed floating stem: blad- ders obliquely subglobose, scattered on their capillary segments ; scapes short, 1—-2-flowered, devoid of scales: dracts sheathing, blunt, single, exauriculate ; calyx-segments roundish ; corolla small, “ crimson :” lips entire, nearly as long as the straightish blunt spur.—Scapes 1-2", corolla 14!" long.—HaB. Trinidad !, Pd. ; [Venezuela]. 9. U. foliosa, LZ. Leaves alternate along the immersed floating branches: bladders on their capillary segments, scarce, minutely globose; scapes stout, many-flowered, bearing 1-2 scales below the lax raceme: bracts sheathing, blunt, single, exauriculate ; calyx-seg- ments roundish ; corolla yellow: lips subentire, a little longer than the conical-cylindrical, poiuted spur.—D. oligosperma, S¢. Azd.—Scape 8-10" long; corolla 4/”-6"” diam.—Has, Trinidad !, Pd. ; [Venezuela to Brazil !]. 2. PINGUICULA, L. Calyz 2-lipped: the superior lip 3-, the inferior 2-fid or -partite. Corolla spurred.— Leaves rosulate ; scapes 1-flowered. 10. 2. elongata, Benjam. Pilose; leaves linear-lanceolate, acuminate; calyx-lobes oblong-lanceolate ; corolla violet: tube broadly cylindrical, lobes broadly ovate, blunt: spur very short, bluntly cylindrical—Leaves 4-12" long, 14""-3" broad, about as long as the scape; corolla 8!”—10", spur 1-2 long.—Hap. Jamaica!, Pd. CIII. MYRSINEA. Character of Primulacee, but stem woody and pericarp fleshy.—Fruit globose, usually small, Resinous, oblong or roundish spots occur frequently on the drupes, leaves, and flowers. The orange-coloured berries of Jacquinia armillaris, used as a toy, are said to be poisonous. 1. MYRSINE, Z. Flowers polygamous. Calyx 4-5-fid. Corolla 4-5-partite: segments imbricative or valvate. dnthers ovate-oblong, longitudinally dehiscent : filaments short. Stigma lobed. Drupe 1-seeded by abortion.—Leaves alternate ; flowers clustered : clusters in the axils or lateral. Sect. 1. Maneuia, Jacg.—Corolla valvate. 1. M. leeta, 4. DC. Branches rusty-puberulous, at length glabrate ; leaves chartaceous, lanceolate or lanceolate-elliptical, usually bluntish, quite entire, subrevolute at the margin, glabrous or glabrescent, dotted beneath, devoid of pellucid dots ; clusters subsessile : flowers shortly pedicellate or subsessile ; calyx 5—4-fid—Samara, L. (erclus. synon.), Sw. Obs. M. salicifolia, Berterii, floridana, trinitatis, 4..DC. M. coriacea, Sieb. Trin. 60! (non R. Br.) M. myricoides, Schlecht. : a form with the young leaves rusty-downy beneath, M. floccu- losa, Mart. Fi. Bras. 16. ¢. 58 (M. rufescens, 4, DC.).—A tree; leaves variable, 3!- 14!"(-4") long, 8”"-6""(14"") broad; pedicels usually much shorter than the drupe; drupe 1-14" diam.—HaB. Jamaica |, all coll., in the mountains; Dominical, Zar. ; Trinidad |, Sieb. ; [Cuba!, Guadeloupe !, Florida and Mexico |, to Brazil! and Peru !]. Sect. 2. Eumyrstne.—Corolla imbricative. 2, M. coriacea, X. Br. Glabrous; /eaves leathery, lanceolate, Zanceolate-oblong, oF obovate-oblong, usually bluntish, quite entire, polished, subrevolute at the margin, dotjed with pellucid points and numerous lines ; clusters stalked, usually lateral; stalk (or abor- MYRSINEA. 393 tive branchlet) often as long as the drupes, covered with imbricated scales: flowers subses- sile; calyx 5—4-fid——M. cubana, A. DC., ex descr.—Leaves variable, 4!—2!(-1}") long, 12"_9"' (-16"") broad ; clusters equalling the petioles; drupe 2!"-14"" diam.—Has. Ja- . maica!, March, in mountain-woods of the southern districts; Dominica!, Imr.; [Cuba ; _ Panama !]. . : 1 ¥% 8. M. floribunda, R. Br. Glabrous ; Zeaves leathery, obovate, rounded or emarginate at the top, quite entire, revolute at the margin, shining above, rusty and dotted beneath, de- void of pellucid dots ; clusters stalked, lateral: stalk covered with imbricated scales, shorter than the cluster: flowers sessile; calyx 5-fid— Mart. Fl. Bras. 16. ¢. 50-52.—Samara, WV. S. pentandra, Sw. Rapanea guianensis, dub? Caballeria coriacea, Mey./ M. Hapastet, R.S.—A large tree or reduced toa shrub (Schomd.) ; leaves 4"—3"(-5"-2") long, 2"-14!"(-1") broad ; drupe 1’ diam.—Has. Trinidad |, Sied. Zrim. 49, Cr., in the mountains of S. Anns; [Haiti!, Guiana!, Brazil! to Uruguay]. 2. GRAMMADENIA, Benth. Calyx 5(-“ 6”)-partite. Corolla 5(-“6”)-fid or -partite, imbricative. Stamens con- nected into an adnate annular base: anthers subglobose, opening above by a short oblique slit: filaments short. Style short, blunt. Drape 1-seeded by abortion.—Glabrous shrubs ; leaves sessile, alternate, dotted with linear glands beneath, quite entire ; flowers in axillary, short, slender racemes, furnished with linear glands. 4, G. parasitica, Gr. Leaves chartaceous, obversely lanceolate, shortly acuminate, margined: dinear dots serial from the midrib to the margin; racemes one-third or half as long as the leaves, 10-11-flowered : pedicels twice as long as the bractlet ; corolla deeply 5-fid.—Ardisia, Sw. /—A branched shrub, growing on trees; leaves 84/-2" long, 8!"'-6"" broad: linear dots black; corolla 1!” broad, dotted near the midribs, the blunt calyx like- wise.—Has. Dominica!, Sw., Imr.,in the upper region of the Couliabon; S. Vincent!, Guild. ; (Guadeloupe !]. 3. CONOMORPHA,.4. DC. Calyx 4(-5)-fid. Corolla 4(-5)-fid or -partite, imbricative. Stamens connected-into an annular adnate base : anthers oblong or ovoid, recurved at the top, opening by a longitudinal slit. Style blunt. Drupe 1-seeded by abortion.—Glabrous shrubs; leaves petioled, alter- nate, quite entire, dotted with points ; flowers in axillary racemes. The principal character, viz. the recurved anthers, is common to this and Wallenia, The imbricative estivation of the corolla has been verified in C. Jaziflora and four other species : from the mistake of its being valvate, first occurring in Endlicher’s genera, Miquel has trans- ferred several true. Conomorphe to Cybianthus, while in the figures added to his paper (Fl. Bras. 16. t. 48. 49) the estivation is imbricative, except in C. macrophylla, Mart., which from its figure (t. 47) probably is no congener. : 5. CG. peruviana, 4. DC./ Branchlets rusty-leprous; /eaves oval or obovate-oblong, abruptly terminated by a narrow point, black-dotted beneath; racemes rusty-leprous, simple, exceeded by the leaves: pedicels usually longer than the bractlet : corolla 4-partite : segments elliptical, pointed; anthers oblong.—Mzg. Surin. 7. 34.—C. multipuncta, Mig. (Cybianthus, 4. DC). Cyb. peruvianus, Mig.—Leaves 3!'-2" long, 16-12" broad: pe- tiole 4’”-3"", racemes 2/'-1", pedicels 2’”—4"", corolla 1!" long —Has. Dominica!, Zmr., 5. Vincent !, Gué/d. ; [Venezuela !, Guiana!, Peru 1). 4, CYBIANTHUS, Mart. Calyx 4-partite. Corolla 4-fid or 4-partite, imbricative. Stamens distinct: anthers ovoid or subglobose, opening above by a short slit: filaments short or none. Stigma blunt ‘or capitate. Drape 1-seeded by ‘abortion.—Glabrous shrubs or small trees ; leaves petioled, alternate, quite entire, dotted with points ; flowers in axillary racemes. 6. G. cuspidatus, Miz. Leaves chartaceous, obovate-oblong, pointleted, often some- what oblique, arch-veined, granulate above, pale and black-dotted beneath; racemes simple, slender, half as long as the leaf: pedicels as long as the drupe ; “corolla 4-fid; anthers oval : 394 MYRSINES. - filaments conspicuons.’—A shrub; leaves 7!-3" long, 23"-12” broad: petiole 4’-8", ra-’ cemes 3", pedicels 14” long —Has. Trinidad !, Cr., at Tocuche ; [Venezuela !]. 5. WEIGELTIA, 4. DC. Calyx 4-partite. Corolla 4-partite or 4-fid, imbricative. Stamens connected into an an- nular adnate base: anthers ovoid, opening by a longitudinal slit: filaments usually longer than the anther, incurved. Style slender: stigma minute. Drupe 1-seeded.—Glabrous trees or shrubs ; leaves of Cybianthus ; flowers in axillary compound racemes. 7. W. myrianthos, 4. DC. Branchlets rusty-leprous; leaves chartaceous, lanceolate- oblong or elliptical-oblong, pointed, tapering into the petiole, arch-veined, pale-rusty beneath, exceeding the panicles: special racemes short : pedicels approximate, shorter than the bud; corolla 4-partite, dotted ; filaments longer than the anther-—Mart. Fl. Bras. 16. t. 44,— Cybianthus, Mig. Weigeltia capitellata, Mig. ! Salvadora surinamensis, Spreng. /—A tree, 20/-80' high; leaves 9"-5” long, 24-2" broad ; corolla pale-blue, 1! broad.—Has. ‘Trinidad !, Cr., in savannahs, Arima; (Guiana !, Brazil]. 6. WALLENIA, Sw. Flowers polygamous. Calyx 4-fid. Corolla tubular, shortly 4-lobed: lobes érect, blunt, dextrorsely contorted, or one lobe exterior. Stamens distinct (or connected in the bud), in- serted into the base of the corolla-tube: anthers oblong, recurved, opening by two longitu- dinal slits: filaments elongated, exserted. Style slender: stigma minute. Drupe 1-seeded by abortion.—Glabrous trees ov shrubs ; leaves leathery, petioled, alternate or approximate in pairs or whorls, subentire ; panicle terminal, formed of twice compound corymbs. 8. ‘W. laurifolia, Sw. Arborescent ; deaves large, elliptical-oblong, blunt, rounded or bluntish at the base, obscurely pellucid-dotted, often subopposite, the uppermost exceed- ing the panicle: petiole thick, channelled, distinct from the lamina ; calyx papillose.—So, Fi. t. 6. fig. sup.: analyt., corolla too long. Jacg. Schenér. t. 30.—W. angulata, Jacq. : stalks of the calyx-papille too long.—A small tree; leaves 8-6” long, 33-23" broad, slightly striated by numerous, delicate, costate veins: petiole 2-6” long; panicle subsessile ; corolla yellowish, 2’ long, twice as long as the calyx ; drupe 1}’” diam., furnished with ob- long glands.—Has. Jamaica], all coll., in the mountains, S. Thomasi. E.,S, Anns [Cuba!, Haiti !). 9. W. clusiifolia, Gr. Shrubby; leaves lanceolate-oblong or spathulate-oblong, blunt, ¢apering into the flattish petiole, opaque, dotless, polished, the uppermost twice as long as the sessile panicle; calyx-tube glabrous.—W. laurifolia, Bald. ix Pl. Bertero!—A stout shrub; leaves thicker than in the preceding, nearly veinless, 4”-3" long, 20-12" broad; petiole 4’”—-3” long ; flowers and drupes of the preceding: corolla 2! long, 4-lobed to 4.—Has. Jamaica!, Macf., Pd., in the mountains ; [Cuba!], 10. W. venosa, Gr. (n. sp.). Leaves obovate or oval-oblong, blunt, tapering into the thickish, slightly channelled petiole, black-dotted chiefly beneath, opaque, arch-veined, with the veins prominent on both sides ; panicle sessile, much exceeded by the uppermost leaves ; calyx-tube glabrous.— Habit of Ardisia latipes, Mart., and of Sl. t. 145. f. 2, quoted by Sw. as Wail. laurifolia, but which, being « climber, is probably neither.—A shrub or small tree (Wils.) ; leaves as thick as in the preceding, from which I formerly not distinguished it, 6-14" long long, 24"-10" broad : petiole 8'/-1", long, 1!" broad ; panicle 1-2" diam. : bracts at its primary ramifications oblong-linear, blunt, 2’” long, deciduous ; corolla bronze- coloured (72is.), 2! long, twice as long as the calyx: stamens shortly exserted, connected in the bud ; ovules 4-5, peltate.-— Hav. Jamaica!, 41, M‘Nab, Wids., in the Blue Mountains, , 7. ARDISIA, Sw., Mig. ~ Calyx 6—A-fid or -partite. Corolla 5-4-partite, rotate: segments dextrorsely - contorted or contorted-imbricative, rarely valvate. Stamens distinct, inserted into the corolla-tube: anthers straight, cordate at the base: slit longitudinal or partially closed. Stigma minute, or capitate, Drupe 1-seeded by abortion.—Flowers mostly paniculate, in compound ra- cemes, corymbs, or corymbose umbels. MYRSINEA. 395 Sect. 1. BapuLa, Juss.—Corolla contorted. Anthers oblong, devoid of a terminal mucro: cells parallel, introrse, opening bya longitudinal slit. Style filiform: stigma usually capitate. Placenta “ few-ovulate.”’—Bracts deciduous. wll. A. laurifolia, Juss. Glabrous; leaves leathery, lanceolate-oblong or elliptical, with a bluntish point, tapering into the margined petiole, slightly dotted beneath, quite en- tire: veins costate, numerous, reticulated beneath; panicles axillary, subsessile, corymbiform, racemiform, or reduced to a simple raceme, twice or much exceeded by the leaf; corolla 5-partite: segments obovate-oblong, about twice as long as the calyx; anthers oblong, blunt, as long as the filament ; style included : stigma minute ; placenta few-ovulate.—A. lateriflora (non Sw.) v. latifolia, Sieb. Mart. 296, ex parte ! (non Sieb. Maurit.). Badula Lamarckiana, A, DC. B. lateriflora, Pl. Carib. (exclus. syn. Sw.)—A “tree ;” leaves '7!'—-5!" long, 24-14" broad ; corolla-segments reflexed, 1!" tong ; drupe 3!’ diam—Has. Dominica!, Imr. ; Tri- nidad!, Lockh. ; [Guadeloupe !, in moist woods ; Martinique !] 12. A, caribeea, Mig. Glabrous; leaves chartaceous or at length leathery, elliptical or obovate-oblong, mucronate or bluntish, contracted at the base into a stout margined pe- tiole, repand-entire: veins costate, numerous, reticulated beneath; panicles axillary or. lateral, subsessile, corymbiform, terminated by umbels, twice or much exceeded by the leaf; corolla 5-partite: segments spathulate, 2-3 times as loug as the calyx; anthers oblong, blunt, Hittle longer than the filament ; style exserted, equalling the stamens: stigma capi- tate; placenta few-ovulate.—Badula, 4. DC.—A “tree;” leaves black in drying, 8-4" long, 4"-24"" bread ; corolla-segments reflexed, 1/” long; drupe 2" diam.—HaB. Dominica |, Inr., S. Vincent ; “Trinidad !, Lockh., on the coast ; [Guadeloupe !}. Sect. 2. ANARDISI4.— Corolla contorted. 4. B. jamaicensis, Gr. Leaves lanceolate-oblong, bluntly pointleted, petioled, veiny ; calyx campanulate, 5-dentate, puberulous or ciliate, as long as the approximate or solitary pedicels: teeth rounded; corolla yellow: tube 9-12 times as long as the calyx, twice as long as the limb, straightish: lobes rounded, entire.—Bot. Mag. t. 4287.—B. nitida, var. jamaicensis, Benth.) —Didynamous stamens as in the preceding, but the flowers large as in the following specics. Branchlets puberulous, glabrate; leaves membranaceous, at length leathery, 6"-8" long, 20’-12" broad: petiole channelled, 2-3" long; calyx 3!'-4!", corolla-tube 3-33" long; corolla-limb 2-23" diam.—Hap. Jamaical, Macf., Pd., March, Wullschi., Portland Gap, Manchester. | 5. B. fallax, Duchass. Glabrous; eaves elliptical or elliptical-oblong, bluntish, petioled, veiny ; calyx campanulate, 5-dentate, 3-4 as long as the solitary pedicel: teeth rounded ;- corolla yellow: tube 10-12 times as long as the calyz, thrice_as long as the “imb, straightish: lobes rounded, entire; stamens 5.—A tree, 20! high, or higher; leaves chartaceous, 2-3", petiole 2’, calyx 3", corolla-tube 8’-24" long : diameter of the corolla- limb 2".—Has. Dominica!, Dnr., Find. ; Trinidad!, Sieb. Tr. 26; [Guadeloupe !]. 6. B. nitida, Benth. Glabrous; leaves elliptical or obovate, tapering into a short petiole, or subsessile, veiny ; calyx campanulate, deeply 5:fid beyond the middle, as long as or shorter than the approximate or solitary pedicels : /odes ob/ong, bluntish or subacute ; co- rolla white : tube 10-12 times as tong as the calyx, 5 times as long as the limb, straightish : lobes rounded, entire-—B. parvifolia, Rich.—Leaves 14”-3", calyx 4!-5"", corolla-tube 4! long: diameter of the corolla:limb 14”.—Has. Naturalized in Jamaica!, March ; {Cuba !]. 7. B. undulata, Sv. Glabrous; Zeaves lanceolate-oblong, subacute, contracted into the short petiole or subsessile: veins inconspicuous beneath ; calyx campauulate, 5-dentate- repand, as long as or longer than the approximate or solitary pedicels: teeth rounded, broader than long; corolla whitish : tube 16 times as long as the calyx, 6 times as long as the limb, slightly incurved: éobes rounded, wxdulate-crenate ; berry large subglobose.— Bot. Reg. 3. t. 228: distinguished from Swartz’s description by yeilow flowers.—A tree 20' high ; leaves leathery, 6’~3” long, 18"'_9"" broad : - petiole searcely 2"! long broad, channelled ; calyx 8”, corolla-tube 4” long: diameter of the corolla-limb 16", of the hard. greyish berry 1”-15".—Has. Jamaica |!, Pd., J‘Nab, on rocks, along the ‘sea-coast, S. Marys, S. Anns. : SOLANEA. 433 8. SOLANDRA, Sw. Calyx tubular, unequally divided, at length unilaterally cleft to the base: lobes 8-5 (-2). Corolla infundibular, plaited above in the bud: tube cylindrical below : lobes 5(-7), imbri- cative. Stamens 5, incurved, inserted into the inferior part of the corolla-tube: anthers 2-celled, erect. Stigma 2-lobed-capitate. Berry 4-celled. Embryo incurved.—Scandent, woody plants; leaves extire, petioled ; flowers terminal, usually solitary, large. 8. S. grandiflora, Sw. Leaves elliptical or elliptical-oblong ; flowers shortly pedicel- late ; calyx 8-4-fid, one-third as long as the corolla, equalling the cylindrical part of its tube ; corolla greenish-white: lobes rounded, undulate-crenulate, one-eighth to one-tenth as long as the tube; stamens included ; berry ovoid-globose, pointed.—Sw. Fl. ¢. 9: analyt. Dese. Fl. 3.¢.174. Bot. Mag. t. 1874.—S. nitida, Zuccagn. S. macrantha, Dun.—A small tree or shrub, with trailing branches: the West Indian form glabrous ; leaves 24//— 5", calyx 33-2", corolla 7-10" long: transverse diameter of its lobes 2'-14".—Has. Jamaica !, Pd., Al., Wullschi., scandent and rooting on trees and rocks, Manchester, S. Anns, ¢.g. in the ravine of Ochorios; [Cuba; Mexico, Guatemala!, New Grauada!, Vene- zuela !, Brazil !]. 9. S. longiflora, Zuss. Glabrous ; leaves elliptical-oblong, lanceolate-oblong, or obo- vate-oblong ; flowers shortly pedicellate; calyx 3-4(5-2)-fid, one-fourth us long as the corolla, half as long as the cylindrical part of its tube, which is campanulate above ; corolla white, with a purplish tinge : lobes rounded, undulate-dentate, one-twel{th as long as the tube; stamens included; berry globose, mucronate.—Tuss. F/, 2.7.12. Bot. Mag. t, 4345.—S. levis, Hook. : a form with a 2-fid calyx—Leaves 2$!'—-4", calyx 34-3", corolla 12" long : transverse diameter of its lobes 23-2", of the berry 14.—Has. Jamaica (Zuss.) ; [Cuba !]. . ss 10. S. minor, Gr. (7. sp.). Glabrous: leaves elliptical, pointed ; flowers shortly pedi- cellate; calyx 4-5-fid, exceeding half the corolla, tuice as long as the cylindrical part of its tube: lobes oblong, blunt or mucronate; corolla-lobes rounded, entire, one-sixth as long as the tube, which is nearly as long as the stamens.—Leaves 4-3", petiole 15/"-8!", calyx 8”, corolla 5” long: transverse diameter of its lobes 8’’-10"; anthers oblong, blunt, pale, as in the two preceding species Has, Dominica!, Jmr, . ‘ 4, MARCKBA, Rich. Calyx 5-partite. Corolla infundibular or salver-shaped, plaited in the bud : lobes imbri- cative. Stamens 5, inserted into the inferior part of the corolla-tube: anthers 2-celled. Stigma. capitate. Berry “ 2-celled.”—Scandent, glabrous shrubs; leaves entire, petioled ; pedicels sizgle, or in few-flowered corymbiform cymes. 11. M, longiflora, Mrs./ Leaves elliptical or elliptical-oblong, pointleted; calyz- segments broadly ovate-oblong, cuspidate, one-third as long as the corolla ; corolla infundi- bular: tube campanulate-cylindrical, contracted below the middle into the narrowly cylin- drical base : lobes roundish, one-sixth as long as the tube.—-Leaves 8-5", petiole 6” long ; calyx spreading-erect : segments 10’ long, 4/"-5" broad; corolla 24" long: tube 5” diam. above, 1” below its stricture Has. Trinidad !, Pd., on trees, Laguna de Oraponche. 5. DATURA, ZL. Calyx tubular, 5-dentate or -cleft, at length circumscissile at the base. Corolla infundi- bular, plaited in the bud: limb twisted-conduplicative. Stamens 5, inserted into the corolla- tube. Stiyma 2-lamellate. Capsule 4-valved, 2-celled: cells partitioned. Embryo in- curved.—Herbaceous or woody plants; leaves petioled, usually dentate ; flowers solitary in the bifurcations of the stem. 2 12*, D. suaveolens, Humb. Bonpl. Arborescent, puberulous or glabrescent; leaves ovate or ovate-oblong, pointed, entire; flowers large, white, nodding; calyx ventricose, 5-dentate (or -cleft), shorter than half the corolla; corolla-limb produced into 5 short subulate teeth, tube cylindrical below, campanulate above ; anthers cohering, linear ; cap- sule unarmed.—Brugmansia, @. Don. D. arborea, Fort. (non L.). D. Gardneri, Hook, !— 434 SOLANEA. 6-10! high; corolla 12-10", anthers 14 long.— Han. Naturalized in Antigua!, Wulischl., S. Vincent !, Guild. ; [Cuba! to Brazil !]. 138.-D. Metel, Z. Annual, softly pubescent ; leaves ovate, few-dentate or entire ; calyx loose, 5-dentate, about half as long as the whitish corolla; corolla-limb spreading, ' shortly 10-dentate: tube subcylindrical ; anthers distinct, oblong ; capsule echinate-prickly, pendulous.—Bot. Mag. t. 1440.—Corolla 6", anthers 4/"—b' long ; capsule-prickles subuli- form, 6’’-8" long.—HaB. Antigual, Wullschl., a weed; [Haiti]! and Mexico! to Brazil; Spain ! and Canary Islands! to trop. Africa !). 14*, D. fastuosa, Z. Annual, glabrescent ; \eaves ovate, repand, or few-dentate; calyx 5-dentate, one-third as long as the violet-tinged (or white) corolla; corolla-limb 5-dentate, often duplicate, spreading, gradually passing into the subcylindrical tube: ¢eeth lony-subulate; anthers distinct, linear-oblong ; capsule muricate, pendulous: prickles short, tuberculiform.— Wight, Ic. t. 1896.—Corolla 6-7", anthers 6’, capsule-prickles about 2 long.— Has. Naturalized in S. Kitts !, Antigua!, Mchols.,.Wudlschl., Barbadoes !, Finl. ; [East Indies !, trop. Africa !]. 15. D. Tatula, Z. Annual, glabrescent; leaves ovate, sinuate-dentate ; calyx 5-den- tate, half as long as the violet corolla ; -corodla-limb 5-dentate, spreading, gradually passing into the cylindrical tube: teeth subulate-filiform; anthers distinct, oblong ; capsule echi- nate-prickly, erect: prickles equal, subuliform.—Dese. Fv. 8. ¢. 178.—D. Stramonium, B, Kch.—Stem red ; corolla 3-4", anthers 24!", capsule-prickles 4!” long.— Has. Jamaical, Wullschl., a weed ; [tropical and temperate countries of the globe]. 16, D. Stramonium, LZ. Annual, glabrescent ; leaves ovate, sinuate-dentate ; calyx 5-dentate, half as long as the white corolla; corolla-limb 5-dentate, spreading, gradually passing into the cylindrical tube: teeth subulate-filiform : anthers distinct, oblong ; capsule echinate-prickly : superior prickles much shorter than the inferior ones——Stem green; corolla 24"-8", anthers 2’, superior capsule-prickles 4", inferior 2" long —Han. Jamaica, a weed; Antigua!, Wudlschl., S. Vincent !, Guild. ; [both temperate and tropical zones of the globe]. 8. NICOTIANA, Z. Calyx tubular, 5-fid or 5-dentate, persistent. Corod¢a infundibular or salver-shaped, plaited in the bud: limb twisted-conduplicative. Stamens 5, included, inserted into the inferior part of the corolla-tube. Stigma 2-lobed-capitate. Capsule 2-celled, septicide: valves 2-fid. Embryo slightly incurved.—Herbaceous, rarely woody, usually glandular-viscous plants ; leaves subentire ; cymes terminal, corymbiform or racemiform. 17. N. pusilla, Z. Annual; leaves lanceolate and lanceolate-linear, sessile, the inferior elliptical, tapering at the base; cyme divided-racemiform ; calyx 5-fid, one-third as long as ‘the greenish-yellow corolla: lobes equal, lanceolate-linear; corolla infundibular: tube * filiform-clavate, contracted below the short lanceolate-acuminate lobes ; capsule at length shortly exserted.—Mill. Ic. t. 185. f. 2: diminished in size, but stated to"be 1! high in the description.—N. angustifolia, 2. P. (F’. Peruv. t. 180), probably the same, but both names badly chosen, as the plant attains a heig t of more than 2’, and the inferior leaves are very broad.—Corolla 14"-1""long: tube 1, below the upper stricture 2” diam—Has. Ja- maica!, March ; [Mexico to Peru!]. . 18*. N. Tabacum, Z. Annual; leaves oblong-lanceolate, poiuted, sessile, inferior decurrent ; cyme cofymbiform ; calyx 5+fid, one-third as long as the red corolla: lobes ovate-lanceolate, subequal; corolla infundibular: tube clavate, not constricted: lobes deltoid-subulate, spreading ; capsule shortly exserted.— Mill. Ic. t. 185. J 1. Dese. Fl. 6. t, 418,—Corolla 2” long.—Has. Naturalized in Antigua!, Wudlschi., cultivated in all the islands; [original habitat unknown]. 7. ACNISTUS, Svhott. Calye campanulate, 5(-4)-crenate. Corolla infundibular: lobes 5(-4)-valvate, slightly induplicative. Stamens inserted into the inferior part of the corolla-tube: anthers erect longitudinally dehiscent. Stigma emarginate-capitate. Berry small, 2-celled. Enbryo eurved.—Shrubs or low trees; leaves entire ; flowers fascicled, lateral, odorous. SOLANEZ. 435 19. A. arborescens, Schlecht. Unarmed; leaves elliptical or elliptical-obloug, pointed at both ends, petioled, glabrate, the younger ones hoary-pubescent ; corolla white, gradually dilated from the base, 4-5 times as long as the calyx; stamens exserted, at length almost twice as long as the corolla—Plum. Ed. Burm. t. 46. f.1. Jacg. Schanbr. 8. 2. 325. Dese. Fl. 3. ¢. 177.—Atropa, LZ. Cestrum cauliflorum, Jacg., Sieb. Mart. 278. A. Miersi, Dun. ; _Plumieri, Mrs.; rvamitlorus, Mrs./; cauliflorus, Sch¢t.: all these, and other forms, distinguished by authors, prove quite identical, the length of the stamens depending upon the state of development.—8’-10! high; leaves 8-2", calyx 1-13", corolla 5!" long, its blunt recurved lobes usually pubescent along the margin ; berry yellow, size of a pea.— Has. Jamaica!, Pd., Wils., common in the mountains, from 2000/ upwards to 5000! alt. ; S. Vincent!, Gucld.; [French islands!; Mexico, Venezuela!, New Granada , Brazil !, Peru]. 8. WITHERINGIA, L’Hér., Kth. (non. Mart., non Mrs.) (Sicklera, Sendén. Fregivardia, Dun. Brachistus, Mrs.) Calyx small, campanulate, truncate or minutely 4~-5-dentate. CorolZa subrotate: limb 4—5-partite, valvate. Svamens 4-5, inserted into the corolla-throat: anthers erect, longi- tudinally dehiscent. Stiga capitate or emarginate-capitate. Berry small, 2-celled.—Suf- frutescent herbs or shrubs; leaves wsual/y entire ; pedicels fascicled or single, usually be- tween geminate leaves. 3 Mr. Miers has well remarked, that this genus is ucarly related to Acnistus, which is chiefly distinguished by its longer corolla-tube. But accordiug to the law of priority, the names proposed by that author are objectionable, as from L’Héritier’s figure the identity of his genus with Brachistws is evident. Sarracha, R. P. (with the exclusion of S. punctata, or Pecilochroma, Mrs.), has the excrescent calyx of Physadis, though in a lesser degree : hence Witheringia, Mrs., is to be named A¢henea, Sendtu. 20. W. macrophylla, Xth. Suffrutescent, glabrescent; leaves membranaceous, ovate- oblong, pointed, entire; pedicels numerous, cernuous, as long as the shorter, half as long as the longer petiole of ‘the unequal leaf-pair; calyx truncate ; corolla-lobes 4, obloug-linear, twice or thrice as long as the shortly clavate tube; filaments bearded, much shorter than the anthers, which are exceeded by the style: stigma capitate——Brachistus, Mrs.—Larger leaves 8-4, smaller 3-14", pedicels 8/~-4!"", calyx 3!"—4"", corolla-lobes 24-3’, anthers 1" Jong; berry red, globose, 2! diam.—Has. Jamaica!, Wi/s., in mountain-woods at Manchioneal ; [New Granada], 9, PHYSALIS, Z. Calyx 5-fid, inflated like a bladder around the included berry. Corol/a shortly campanu- late; limb plaited in the bud. Stamens 5, included, inserted into the inferior part of the corolla: anthers erect, longitudinally dehiscent. Stigma capitate. Berry 2-celled. Hm- ryo curved.—Herbs ; leaves petioled ; pedicels solitary in the bifurcations: of the stem, or lateral: flowers pale-yellow in the West Indian species. 21. P. peruviana, Z. Perennial, villous-pubescent ; leaves cordate or ovate, sharply pointed, few-toothed or entire; calyx-lobes lanceolate-acuminate: keels of the bladder obsolete ; corolla (6'—-8" long,) purple-spotted within ; anthers violet.—Bot. Mag. t. 1068.—P. pubescens, R. Br. (non L. Chiff). P. edulis, Sims——Has. Barbadoes (Ns.) ; [New Granada! to Peru! and Brazil, naturalized in many warm countries of the globe]. 22. P. pubescens, L. Clif, Ns. Annual; stem pubescent ; leaves ovate or subcor- date, pointed, toothed-sinuate or subentire; calyx-lobes lanceolate-acuminate: bladder 5-angular ; corolla (3'"—-4!" long,) purple-spotted within ; anthers violet.—Jacq. Ic. Rar. t, 89.—P. barbadensis; Jacg. P. hirsuta, Dumw.—Has. Barbadoes (Jacg.), a weed; [French islands ; United States! to Brazil, naturalized in other tropical countries]. 23, P. foetens, Poir. Annual, viscous-pubescent, diffuse ; leaves deltoid-ovate, coarsely angular-toothed ; calyx-lobes lanceolate-acumiuate : angles of the bladder narrow, at length obsolete; corolla (4! long,) pale: limb spreading; anthers violet.—Barrel. Ic. 151. Our specimens disagree with Nees’s description (Linnea, vi. p. 469) in having smaller leaves, 436 SOLANER. and smaller, spotless flowers: Barrelier’s figure is tolerable—Has. Antigual!, Waudlschi. ; [Guadeloupe !, a weed; Mexico]. 24, P. minima, Z., Ns. Annual, pubescent ; leaves subcordate or ovate, pointleted, subentire, or toothed ; calyx-lobes lanceolate-acuminate : bladder 5-angular, corolla (2!" long), pale; anthers yellow.—Rheed. Malab. 10. ¢. 71.—P. pruinosa, L. ex dese. (erclus. syn. Dill.). Linneeus’s description is quite clear (“‘ anther flavee, calyx fructifer 5-angulus”), and the erroneous quotation of Dillenius’s figure was added at a later period.—Hasz., Trini- dad!, Cr.; [East Indies!, trop. Africa]. 25. P. Linkiana, Ns. Annual, glabrescent ; leaves ovate, pointed, coarsely serrate- dentate or remotely toothed; calyx-lobes lanceolate-acuminate: heels of the bladder obso- lete, or none ; corolla (4" long), pale, or slightly tinged at the throat; anthers violet— Moris. 3. sect. 18. t. 3. f. 22.—Has. Jamaica!, dl., Dist., a weed; Antigua!, Wullschl., Dominica |, Imr. ; [Cuba! to French islands!; southern United States to Brazil]. -~ 26. P. angulata, Z. Annual, glabrescent; leaves ovate or ovate-oblong, pointed, sinuate-dentate or subentire; calyz-lobes deltoid: bladder sharply 5-angular; corolla (4'" long), entirely pale ; anthers violet.—Dill. Elth. t. 12.7. 12.—P. capsicifolia, Dun. ! ex Sieb. Mart. 69.—HaB. Jamaica (Lun.): [Virgin and French islands!; United States! to Brazil! ; East Indies]. 10. CAPSICUM, LZ. Calyx 5-dentate or subentire. Corolla rotate: limb plaited, with valvate lobes. Stamens 5, inserted into the corolla-throat : anthers longitudinally dehiscent. Stigma blunt. Berry 2(-8)-celled. Zméryo curved.—Shrubs or herbs ; leaves subentire ; pedicels fascicled, or single in the bifurcations of the stem, or lateral; flowers whitish in the West Indian species, with verdigris-green anthers. 27. C. frutescens, L. Shrubby; leaves ovate, pointed, glabrous; calyx at length truncate, 10-nerved, tapering into the thickened pedicel; berry elongated-conical.—Dese. Fi. 6. t. 423.—C. haccatum, Dese. (won L.).—Berry red, or yellow, 6-12" long.—Has. Jamaica; 8. Kitts!, H/s., Antigna!, Wudlschd. ; fall tropical countries]. 28. ©. baccatum, LZ, Shrubby; leaves ovate, pointed, glabrescent ; calyx 5-dentate, abruptly passing into the slender, erect pedicel ; berry small, globose or ovoid-globose.—WSl. t, 246, f. 2.—C, laurifolium, Dun.—Berry red, 3"-4!" diam.—Haz. Antigua!, Wullschl., Dominica !, Jmr. ; [all tropical countries]. 11. LYCOPERSICUM, 7. Calyx 5-partite. Corolla rotate : limb deeply 5-fid, plaited in the bud, with induplicative lobes. Stamens 5, inserted into the corolla-throat: filaments short: anthers cohering, longitudinally dehiscent along the interior side. Stigma blunt. Berry 2(-8)-celled. Em- dryo curved.—Anaual herbs ; leaves pinnatisect : segments unegual ; flowers cymose, lateral. 29. Ls. Humboldtii, Dux. Pilose; leaves interruptedly pinnatisect : larger segments inciso-serrate, with a deltoid point; pedicels ebracteolate ; calyz half as long as the corolla ; berry globose.— Wild. Hort. t. 27. Jacq. H. Vind. t.11. Dese. Fl. 5. t. 378.—Solanum Lycopersicum, Jacg.—In the cultivated L. esculentum, Mill. (Desc. Fl. 6. t. 403 ; 5.t. 377), . the leaf-segments are more acuminate, and the calyx exceeds half the corolla: the larger size and irregularity of its berries is (as in Capsicum) the effect of monstrosity, and said to be Wanting in the wild plant (L. cerasiforme, Dun.).— Flowers yellow ; berry red, 4""-6"" diam. —Has. Jamaica!, Wullschl. ; [Mexico to Brazil]. 12, SOLANUM, Z. Corolla rotate: limb 5(9-4)-fid, plaited at the base, or 5(9-4)-partite: divisions valvate or induplicative. Stamens 5 (9-4), inserted into the corolla-throat: filaments short: an- thers connivent (rarely cohering), devoid of a prominent connective, dehiscent by 2 pores (or at length longitudinally), Stigma blunt. Berry 2(-4)-celled. Embryo curved. SOLANEZ. 437 Sect. 1. Mrcatoponus, Sendtn.—Adnthers ovate-oblong or oblong, blunt: pores large, in- trorse-terminal, often at length passing into longitudinal slits —Stem unarmed; flowers cymose. , * Stem herbaceous. 30. S. nodiflorum, Jacq. Annual, glabrescent: leaves ovate, cuneate at the petioled base, entire, or sinuate-dentate; cymes lateral, umbelliform, peduncled ; corolla 5-fid, twice as long as the 5-fid calyx ; filaments glabrous: anthers shortly oblong, at length longitudi- nally dehiscent; berry globose: calyx at length refleced.—Jacg. Ic. Rar. t. 826% a large- ~ leaved form of a.—This weed in the tropics represents S. xigrum, L., of the temperate zones, which latter is slightly distinguished by the calyx merely spreading from the fruit, and villous filaments: both are equally variable, and the said characters, proposed by A. Braun, require further confirmation. ‘ a, Leaves entire; berry black.—S. caribeum, Dum. B. oleraceum, Dun. Leaves sinuate-dentate; berry black.—Dese. Fl. 6. ¢. 404.—S. chenopodioides, Dese. y. rubrum, Mill. Leaves sinuate-dentate; berry red.—S. erythrocarpum, Mey. Esseg. !: a form with entire leaves. Has. Jamaica!, Macf., Dist., March (8); Autigua!, Nichols., Wulischl. (B, y), 8. Vincent !, Guild. (y); Trinidad !, Sch., Cr. (8, -y); [all tropical countries, u, e.g. in Cuba! and the French islands !]. : : ** Stem woody. { Leaves glabrous, or nearly so. 31. S. Seaforthianum, dzdr. Shrubby, trailing, glabrous or early glabrate ; Jeaves ovate, pointed, entire, petioled, zuferior, or all pinnately divided : lateral segments smaller, 1-2-jugal ; cymes peduncled, lateral, paniculate: pedicels diverging ; calyx small, minutely 5-dentate ; corolla deeply 5-fid: segments ovate ; anthers ovoid; style incurved ; berry glohose, yellowish-red.—_Bot. Rep. ¢. 504.—S, venustum, Ath.—Leaves, or their terminal segments 8-13", calyx 1!” long; corolla pale-red or lilac, 5-6", berry 4!” diam.— Has. Jamaica!; S. Vincent !, Gué/d., Barbadoes; Trinidad!, Cr.; [Venezuela, Guiana !]. 32, S. triste, Jacg. Shrubby, glabrous; leaves elliptical-oblong or oblong-lanceolate, _ pointed, entire, petioled, usually geminate: one in the pair smaller: vein-axils hairy beneath or glabrate ; cymes peduncled, lateral, scorpioid-nodding ; calyx small, 5-fid; corolla 5-partite: segments ovate-oblong, pointed; anthers ovoid-oblong, half as long as the corolla-segments ; berry globose.—Jacg. Amer. Pict. t. 49. Desc. Fi. 3, ¢. 185.- 8. nu- dum, Kth., Dun.! 8. levigatum, Kth., a form with the pedicels less numerous. S. mi- cranthum, W. sec. Schlecht. Pl. Mexie.!—A common species, variable in the breadth of the leaves, the form of the usually blunt, small calyx-lobes, and the style straight or curved : the allied S. oddongum, R. P. (8. triste, Kth.), has longer anthers, and the corolla-segments villous at the margin.— Leaves black in drying, 5-8", peduncles 8'—-2", longer pedicels 6”, calyx 1" long; corolla white, 6/4)", berry 6!-4!"" diam., “ yellow.”—Has. Jamaica!, Dist., March ; S. Vincent !, Guild. ; Trinidad !, Sieb: Tr. 22 and 309 ; [Cuba!, Martinique ; Mexico !, Venezuela!, New Granada!, Peru!]. / 33. S. acropterum, Gr. (x. sp.). Shrubby, glabrous; leaves ovate-oblong or oblong, with a bluntish point, entire, petioled; cymes terminal, at length lateral, fastigiate or few- flowered : pedicels winged, with the wings long-decurrent from the calyx; calyx half as long as the corolla, deeply 5-fid: lobes oblong-linear, twice as long as their tube; corolla 5jid: lobes bluntly-deltoid ; anthers oblong; berry ovoid-globose.—Leaves solitary or approximate, chartaceous, 5-3" long, arch-veined : petiole 8’""-4""" long; cymes shortly pe- duncled : pedicels 8"’-10" long: wings 3/” broad at the-top, passing into the middle nerves of the calyx; calyx 23'” long; corolla glabrous, 8’ diam. : lobes as long as the obconical tube; anthers 1} long; style straight: stigma capitate ; berry 5’ long, 4’” broad, black in drying—Has. Jamaica!, Waters, Wils., Betty Hope’s Estate, near Manchioneal, at 2500! alt. tt Leaves lepidote. 34, S. punctulatum, Dux, Arboreous; branchlets densely lepidote with yellowish ~~ 438 SOLANES. scales; Zeaves elliptical or ovate, pointleted, petivled, entire or repand, dotted above with minute scales, usually more densely Jepidote beneath ; cymes terminal or lateral, long- peduncled : pedicels fastigiate, thickened above, lepidote, as well as the flowers ; calyx 4-lobed, much shorter than the corolla: lobes roundish-deltoid ; corolla 4-partite: seg- ments ovate-oblong, bluntish ; anthers oblong.—-A tree or shrub, 30’ high; leaves 6-4", petiole 8-6" long ; cymes irregularly dichotomous, 6-12-flowered : pedicels spreading or ~cernuous, 4-5", calyx 14!”-2", anthers 2” long ; corolla 10-8" diam.—Has. Jamaica !, Pd., Wils., Macf., Portland Gap, Manchester, iu moist woods near Mandaville.. Sect. 2. PLacioports.—Anthers oblong, blunt: pores forming transverse slits, introrse- terminal or terminal.—Stem unarmed; down stellate; cymes corymbiform, peduncled, usually terminal. ‘ 85. S. Radula, V. Shrubby, scabrous, with sessile stellate down ; leaves lanceolate, acuminate at both ends, subsessile, or tapering into a short petiole, entire, greenish on both sides: hair-fascicles somewhat distant ; cymes terminal or lateral, long-peduncled: flowers stellate-tomeutose ; calyx 5-/obed, half as long as the corolla: lobes ovate, bluntish ; corolla deeply 5-fid: lobes ovate bluntish ; anthers oblong: pores transverse, introrse; style in- flexed ; berry “ globose.” —Mig. Surin. ¢. 38:—Leaves 6-3" long, 12/-8" broad ; calyx 14/", anthers 1” long; corolla white, 4!" diam.—Has. Trinidad!, Cr., common; [Cuba, French islands; Venezuela !, Guiana !, Brazil !]. 36. S. asperum, VY. Shrubby, scabrous with sessile stellate down; leaves elliptical or elliptical-oblong, pointleted, taperiog into the winged petiole, entire, greenish, paler beneath: hair-fascicles distinct; cymes terminal; long-peduncled: flowers stellate-tomen- tose ; calyx broadly 5-dentate, less than half as long as the corolla: teeth deltoid, half as long as their tube; corolla deeply 5-fid: lobes ovate-oblong, pointed ; anthers oblong: pores transverse, introrse; style incurved ; berry “ globose.”—Duz. Solan. t. 7.—10'-12! high ; leaves 8-6" long, 2$"-2" broad: petiole 12/"-8" long, winged to the base; calyx 2/", anthers 1” long; corolla 6” diam.—Has. Dominica !, Jmr.; [Cuba to French islands ; Guiana !, Brazil !]. 37. S. callicarpifolium, Kti. Shrubby, scabrous and tomentose above with stipitate and sessile stellate down ; leaves elliptical, sharply poiuted, tapering into the petiole, en- “tire, scabrous-wriniled and green above, hoary-tomentose beneath ; cymes terminal, or at length lateral, long-peduncled : flowers stellate-tomentose; ca/yx 5-fid, half as long as the corolla: lobes deltoid; corolla bid: lobes ovate-oblong, Sluntzsh ; anthers broadly oblong : pores transverse, introrse; style incurved above; berry globose.—S. asperum, Sted. Zr. 20 (non V.).—Leaves 6-2" long, 3-1" broad: petiole 12'4”" long, rarely winged to the base; calyx 2”, anthers 1” long; corolla 5”, berry 4!" diam., the latter black in drying — Has. S. Vincent !, Guild. ; Trinidad!, Sieb., Lockh., Or, 8. Anns; [Cuba!; Mexico!, Panama !, Guiana!). : 38. S. verbascifolium, Z. Shrubby; wholly, tomentose ; leaves ovate, pointed, ab- ruptly passing into the petiole, entire : down soft, hoary: beneath; cymes terminal, long- peduncled : flowers hoary-tomentose ;- calyx 57d, half as long as the corolla: lobes deltoid ; corolla 5-partite: lobes ovate-oblong, bluntish ; authers oblong : pores transverse, terminal ; style straightish; berry globose.—Jacg. H. Vind. 1.t.18. Wight, Ic. t. 1898. —A shrub or low tree, 8'-12! high, variable in the leaves, greenish or jfellowish-grey above, in the down yellowish or hoary, appressed or spreading ; leaves 10"—-8",. petiole 14-4", calyx 2"- 3”, anthers 1” long: corolla white, 4!-6"”, berry 4!” diam.—Has. Jamaica !, all coll.; et 1, Sted. Tr. 21; [Key Weat!, Cuba!, and Mexico !'to Brazil!; Galapagos! to East ndies |]. Sect. 8. Mrcroporus, Sendtn.—Anthers ovate-oblong or oblong, with minute pores at the Sluntish point—Stem unarmed ; flowers in lateral, simply umbelliform or cymbiform cymes, or solitary. * Calyx-divisions 5 (Lycianthés, Dun.). 39. S. havanense, Tacg. Shrubby, glabrous: leaves lanceolate-oblong or elliptical- oblong, bluntish, tapering into the short petiole, entire; cymes corymbiform, usually few (-1)-flowered : flowers large, blue ; calyx deeply 5-fid, one-fourth to one-sixth as long as SOLANEA. 439 the corolla: lobes oblong, blunt, (sometimes geminately combined) ; corolla 5-fid: lobes reniform-roundish, mucronate, shorter than the flattish-expanded tube; anthers ovate- oblong; style straightish ; Jerry ovoid.—Jacg. Amer. Pict. t.48. Bot. Mag. t. 2108.— S. coriaceum, Hook. 8. Hookerianum, Spreng. S. vaccinifolium, Dun.: a small-flowered form.—4'-7' high, variable in the leaves, the breadth of the calyx-lobes, and the size of the flowers; leaves 4-14", calyx 2!, yellow anthers 2!” long ; corolla 16’’—-8” diam.; berry dark-blue, gi"—6" long.—Has. Jamaica!, Macf., Pd., Wils., March, in dry, calcareous soil, and on maritime rocks, Manchester, Holland Bay, Manchioneal ; [Cuba! to Martinique ; Mexico to Peru]. ** Qalyx truncate, its 10 nerves usually produced into inframarginal, exterior appendages (Polymeris, Dun.). 40. S. retrofractum, 7. Shrubby, trailing-flexuose, glabrestent or glabrous; leaves ovate, pointed, petioled, entire; cymes umbelliform, shortly peduncled; calyz truncate or repand, much shorter than the corolla: appendages-none ; corolla stellate, flattish-ex- panded, glabrous ; border mucronate-angular ; filaments slightly unequal ; anthers ovate- oblong, half as long as the corolla; style straightish ; berry globose.—Dun. Solan. ¢. 5.— S. longepedunculatum, Berter. S. stellatum, Jacg., is perhaps a form with the 10 appen- dages of the calyx developed.Leaves membranaceous, 4"-14", petiole 5!"-8", pedicels 1”, calyx 1"”-13"", anthers 14" long ; corolla purple, stellate with 5 discoloured rays, 12!”-8/", berry 4! diam.—Ha. Jamaica !, all coll., in the mountains, Port Royal, Manchester, Westmoreland. 41, S. neglectum, Dux. Shrubby, puberulous with stellate down above, glabrescent ; leaves ovate or ovate-oblong, pointed, petioled, entire, glabrous above, puberulous or gla- brate beneath: cymes umbelliform, sessile; calyx externally appendiculate below the trun- cate border, one-third as long as the corolla: appendages 10, oblony, blunt, spreading or recurved, about half as long as the tube (rarely wanting) ; corolla glabrous: limb sinuate- 5-angular ; anthers oblong: fifth filament twice as long as the rest; style straightish : stigma clavate; berry globose—Plum. Ed. Burm. t. 245.7. 4.—Leaves 6-4", the smaller in the pair 2", petiole 6"”—-8", pedicels 8!"-4", calyx 2!”, anthers 2" long; corolla 8-10", berry 8! diam.—Haz. Dominica !, Imr., S. Vincent !, Gudld. ; Trinidad (Sied.), 42, S. lentum, Cav. Shrubby, pubescent or tomentose with stellate down ;. leaves ovate or ovate-lanceolate, pointed, petioled, entire, puberulous (or pubescent) above, tomen- tose or pubescent beneath ; fascicles few-flowered, sessile; calyz externally appendiculate below the truncate border, about one-third as long as the corolla: appendages 10, thickish- Siiform, blunt, erect, as long as the tube ; corolla stellate, with the rays pubescent on the back: limb sinuate-5-angular ; anthers oblong: fifth filament much longer than the rest, equalling the other anthers; style straightish: stigma clavate; herry globose.—Cav. Ic. t. 308.—Leaves 3-14" long, less sharply pointed than in the preceding ; pedicels 6-2 in the fascicle, 8-12", calyx 2'’-8'", anthers 2" long ; corolla about 1”, berry 4!" diam.— Has. Trinidad !, Cr., at La Ventilla; [Mexico !, Veneguela!, New Granada !]. = Sect. 4. Levrosremon, Sendin.—Anthers slender, tapering above: pores minute, terminal or extrorse-terminal,—Stem mostly armed with prickles, * Leaves unarmed, or prickly only on the midrib, + Stem furnished with slender, straight prickles, or unarmed (Graciliflora, Dun.). 43. S. racemosum, LZ. Shrubby, unarmed, stellate-puberulous, at length glabrescent , leaves oblong-lanceolate, acuminate, entire or repand, petioled ; cymes lateral, simply racemt- form, peduncled : pedicels at length cernuous; calyx 5-dentate, much shorter than the corolla; corolla white, 5-partite: segments lanceolate, pointed, somewhat longer than the stamens ; azthers elongated, nearly including the Jiliform style: stigma minute; berry globose, red.—Jacg. Amer. Pict. t. 50.—Distinguished from unarmed specimens of the following by longer anthers.—4! high; leaves 6 '_2", calyx 1”, anthers 34" long ; corolla 10-12", berry 4!" diam.—Has. Jamaica!, Pd., along the coast, Westmoreland; S. Kitts !, Els., Dominica !, Finl., Imr., 8. Vincent !, Gutld, ; - (S. Thomas !, French islands!, Sted. Mart. 65}. ~ A 440 SOLANEA. 44, S.igneum, Z. Shrubby, stellate-puberulous, prickly on the stem aud often on the midrib of the leaves (or unarmed) : prickles yellow, compressed-conical at the base, straight ; leaves oblong-lanceolate, sharply acuminate, entire or repand, petioled ; cymes lateral, lax, simply racemiform, long-peduncled: pedicels cernuous; calyx 5-dentate, much shorter than the corolla; corolla white, 5-partite: segments linear, bluntish; half as Jong again as the stamens; aothers linear; style thickened at the exserted point; berry globose, red.—S?, 2.11. f. 3, referred by Linnaeus to the following, but his species is clear from Plukenet, whose figure is the only one which he quotes. Jacg. H. Vind. 1. ¢. 14.—Prickles 3!-1", leaves 6"—2", calyx 1”, anthers 23!” long; corolla $/’-10, berry 8!" diam.—Has. S. Kitts !, H7s., Antigua!, Wudischl., Barbadoes (S/.); [Cuba to Guiana]. 45. S. bahamense, Z. Shrubby, stellate-puberulous or pubescent-tomentose, prickly or unarmed on the stem or leaves: prickles tawny, compressed-subulate at the base, straight ; y leaves lanceolate-oblong or lanceolate, with-a bluntish or deltoid point, sinuate-repand or repand-entire, petioled; cymes lateral, short, simply racemiform, long-peduncled : pedicels at length cernuous; calyx 5-dentate or 5-fid, much shorter than the corolla; corolla purple, 5-partite: segments linear, bluntish, somewhat longer than the stamens; anthers linear ; style thickened at thé included or shortly exserted point ; berry globose, red. Dill. Elth. ¢. 271.—3'_-4! high, variable; prickles thin, 3!”, leaves 4-14", calyx 1", anthers 3!" long ; corolla 8”, berry 2"-3”" diam. a, Leaves sinuate, lanceolate-oblong : down at length scattered. B. lanceolatum. Leaves subentire, undulate or repand, usually tomentose beneath. —S7. 145. f. 3. Hea) Behamas |, Swains. (8); Jamaica!, all coll. (a, 8) ; Antigua!, Nichols., Wulischl., S. Vincent !, Guild. ; [Mexico], tt Stem furnished with recurved prickles ; corolla 5-partite (Juripeba, Dun.). 46. S. lanceifolium, Jacq. Shrubby, trailing, scabrous, prickly on-the branches, petioles and midribs of the leaves: all prickles short, recurved; down stellate, scarce, minute, leaving all parts green ; leaves oblong-lanceolate or ovate-lanceolate, long-acumi- nate, repand-entire or slightly angular, long-petioled ; cymes lateral, lax, few-flowered : pedi- cels and calyx unarmed ; célyx 5-fid, about one-fourth as long as the corolla: Zobes subu- late with a long appendage ; corolla varicgated-white, 5-partite: segments linear, pointed, slightly exceeding the anthers; berry globose, yellow.— Jacq. Ic. Rar. t.329.—S., crotonoides, Sieb. (non Dun.). S. ineequale, Pri., 8. Preslei and calvifactum, Dun., ex syn. Sieb— Leaves membranaceous, 5-4”, prickles 1!'-2’”, corolla 6”, anthers 4!" long.—Has. Domi- nica!, Jmr., in tiountain-woods ; Trinidad !, Sieb. Jr. 132 3, Martinique ; Venezuela !]. 47. S. micracanthos, Lam. Shrubby, scabrous, prickly on the branches, petioles, and midribs of the leaves: all prickles short, recurved ; down stellate; leaves elliptical-oblong, pointed, entire, shortly tapering into the long petiole, dull-green above, hoary-velvety be- neath ; cymes lateral, corymbiform, shortly peduncled: pedicels and calyx unarmed, hoary- velvety ; calyx 5-fid, about one-third as long as the corolla: lobes lanceolate-linear, long-' acuminate; corolla 5-partite: segments subulate, nearly twice as long as the unequal stamens; berry globose, yellow.—S. obscurum, Sted. Trix. 19 |—Leaves 6"-22"", prickles 3-1", corolla 5, anthers 2!-8" long; berry 4!"-5!" diam.—Has. Trinidad!, Sied. Lockh., Cr., on rocky hills; [Guadeloupe]. 48. S. scabrum, VY. Shrubby, trailing, scabrous, prickly on the branches, petioles and midribs of the leaves: all prickles short, recurved, compressed below ; down stellate ; leaves elliptical or ovate-lanceolate, sinuate-angular, petioled, concolor, duil-green ; cymes lateral, diverging-racemiform or corymbiform ; calyz prickly, 5-fid, one-third as long as the corolla: lobes subulate with a short point ; corolla bluish, externally tomentose, 5-partite: seg- ments oblong-lanceolate, little exceeding the anthers; berry globose.—S. volubile, Sw.— Leaves 5!-3", prickles 1-2", corolla 6”, anthers 4!" long —Has. Carribean Islands (Dun.) ; (Haiti; Panama!, in savannahs, New Granada !}. : 49. S. Juripeba, Rick. Shrubby, prickly; prickles of the branches recurved, com- pressed at the base, those of the petioles and midribs of leaves straight (or wanting) ; down stellate; leaves elliptical, subentire or sinuate-angular, petioled, the younger ones hoary- pubescent beneath; calyx unarmed, shortly 5-lobed, one-sixth to one-tenth as long as the SOLANER. 441 corolla: lobes ovate, often mucronate; corolla bluish, externally tomentose, 5-partite : segments lanceolate-linear, acumiuate, little exceeding the anthers ; berry globose.— Dun. Solan. ¢.15.—S. obscurum, VY. 8, stamineum, Stead.! S. heterophyllum, Lam. : a form with ternately approximate leaves. §. Rodschiedii, Mey. Esseq. /: a form with'sinuate leaves and stout prickles,—Leaves 5’—-3" (-2"), prickles 1!"-4!", corolla 6-10", anthers 6” long. real Trimdad!, Lockh., in dry, cultivated ground; [Panama!, Venezuela !, Guiana !, razil |]. ; 50. S. jamaicense, Sw./ Shrubby, wholly tomentose, prickly along the branches aud ' midribs of the leaves: all prickles recurved, subcompressed, yellow; wool stellate; eaves rhomboid, siuuate-angular (or entire), cuneate at the subsessile base ; cymes lateral umbel- liform, subsessile; ea/yz usually prickly, 5-partite, half as long as the corolla: segments lanceolate, or linear, acuminate; corolla bluish or white, 5-partite: segments lanceolate, little exceeding the anthers ; berry globose, yellow.— SV. ¢. 144. 3. Dun. Sol. ¢.20 and 22. —S. brevipilum, heterotridum, and cuneifolium, Dun.—Leaves 6"—-3" (-2"), prickles 3""— 14"" corolla 3", anthers 2! long; berry 3!-2" diam,—-Has. Jamaica!, Daef., Al., Wullschi., in waste ground ; (Cuba! to Brazil !]. : ttt Stem furnished with straight (rarely slightly recurved) prickles ; corolla 5-fid, plaited at the base (Torva,-Ns.) x 51. S. torvum, Sw. Shrubby, tomentose, prickly along the branches, petioles, and midribs of the leaves (or unarmed): prickles distant, strazghtish, sabcompressed ; wool stellate; Zeaves ovate, sinuate-angular or subentire, pointed, subcordate or truncate at the ¢ base, long-petioled, scabrous above, hoary-velvety beneath ; cymes lateral, usually bifid, scorpioid-corymbiform : pedicels glandular; calyx unarmed, 5-fid, at length 5-partite, one- fourth as long as the corolla: lobes ovate, mucronate-acute ; corolla whitish, stellate, 5-fid: lobes ovate-lancevlate ; style incurved above; berry globose.—Dun. Solan. t. 23. Jacq. Schenbr. 3. ¢. 8324.—S. ferrugineum, Jacg.—Variable; leaves 8"-2", prickles 1!"-23'", corolla 5-7", anthers 8!" long ; berry 4!" diam.—HaB. Jamaica!, Macf, March, Wullschl., in hedges; S. Kitts!, Antigua!, Wullschl., Dominica!, Imr., S. Vincent !, Guild. ; Trini- dad!, Sied. Tr. 25, Cr.; (Cuba! and Mexico! to Brazil and Wcuador!; Bermudas; East Indies !]. 52. S. inclusum, Gr. Shrubby, tomentose, prickly along the branches, and rarely on the midribs of the leaves: prickles distaut, slender, straight ; wool stellate ; leaves ovate, ¢ or ovate-oblong, repand-entire or slightly sinnate, bluntish, petioled, scabrous above, hoary- tomentose beneath; cymes lateral, few-flowered; calyx prickly at the base or unarmed, © 5-fid, one-third as long as the corolla: lobes ovate or ovate-oblong, bluatish ; coro/la plu- ish, 5-fid: Jobes ovate-lanceolate, twice as long as the anthers ; berry depressed-globose, red, surrounded by the exer t, fola calyx.—S. tomentosum americanum, duct. S. tomentosum, Hort. Germ. 8. hybridum, Duz. (nou Jacg.).—S. tomentosum, L., of the - Cape (S. coccineum, Jacq. Ic. Rar. é. 43.) has much smaller, pea:like berries, supported by a minute calyx.—Leaves 2/-8", prickles 3-2", corolla 5-6", anthers 2” long; berry 8'"_10"' diam., equalling or exceeded by the calys——Has. Jamaica!, Pd., St. Thomas, 1. V.; [Cuba!, French islands!; Mexico to Guiana]. ** Leaves bearing stout, straight prickles on the veins and midrib (Acanthophora, Dun.) 53. S. stramonifolium, Jacg. (non Dun.). Shrubby, tomentose with stellate down, prickly on the leaf-ribs and branches (rarely unarmed) : prickles stout, straight, compressed or recurved on the branches ; Zeaves broadly ovate, angular-pinnatifid, scabrous above, hoary- tomentose beneath: lobes deltoid, spreading ; cymes lateral, subsessile, scorpioid- contracted calyx unarmed, 5-crenate, one-fourth as long as the corolla: crenatures roundish or mucro- nate; corolla blue, 5-partite, externally tomentose : segments- ovate-lanceolate ; anthers ‘ovate-lanceolate, incurved; Jerry globose, tomentose, yellow.—Jacq. Ic. Rar. t. 44.—S. toxicarium, Rich. §S. demerarense, Dun. /—Leaves 8''-3", yellow prickles 82!" corolla 3!_6", anthers 2"-8!" long; berry 6” diam.—Has. Trinidad !, Sieb. Tr. 28, Sch. ; (Guiana!, Brazil !]. 34, S, hirtum, 7. Shrubby, tomentose with stellate down, long-harsute on the pedicels ’ 442 SOLANES. and calyx, prickly on the leaf-ribs and branches: prickles slender, straight, compressed (or recurved on the branches); Zeaves subcordaté-roundish or broadly ovate, sinuate-angular, scabrous above, houry-tomentose beneath ; cymes lateral, subsessile, scorpioid-contracted ; calyx deeply 5-fid, half as long as the corolla: lobes ovate-oblong, pointed; corolla 5-par-. tite, externally hirsute; anthers ovate-lanceolate, incurved ; Jerry globose, long-hirsute.— Vahl, Ic. t. 21.—S. flavescens, Dun. | (eaclus, B). S. Richardi, Sied. Tr. 24!—Leaves 8!'— 8", prickles 3-1", calyx-hairs 3!", corolla 4’"-6", anthers 3!”"-4!" long ; berry 6 diam.— Has. Trinidad !, Sted., Seh. Cr. : 55. S. mammosum,-LZ. Herbaceous or suffruticose, densely villous with simple jointed hairs, prickly on the leaf-ribs and stem: prickles stout, straight, compressed ; leaves - ovate, angular, sinuate; cymes lateral, few-flowered, contracted ; calyx 5-partite, one-third to one-fourth as long as the corolla: segments subulate; corolla blue, 5-partite, hairy: segments lanceolate; anthers obloug-lanceolate, tapering from the middle; Jerry large, conical, glabrous, yellowish, supported by the small calyx.—S/. ¢. 12. f. 1, the fruit. Desc. Fi. 3, t. 186.—S. pectinatnm, Dun. /—3'-4' high; leaves 4-6", yellow prickles 10-4", corolla 8-6", anthers 5", berry 2” long.—Has. Jamaica !, Maof., Dist., Al., a nuisance in meadows; Antigua!, Wudlschi.; [Haiti!, French islands!; Carolina and Mexico to Peru! and Guiana !], 56. S. aculeatissimum, Jacg. Suffruticose, pilose with simple jointed hairs, or at length glabrous, except on the leaf-margin, very prickly on the Jeaf-ribs, the stem, and often on the calyx: prickles slender, straight ; leaves ovate, pinnatifid, rarely repand-entire, Jong- petioled: lobes ovate-oblong, often sinuate-dentate; cymes lateral, few-flowered; calyx 5-fid, one-third as long as the corolla: lobes ovate-lanceolate, acuminate; co olla white, 5-partite, glabrescent : segments oblong- lanceolate ; anthers ovate-lanceolate ; berry globose, glabrous, scarlet, supported by the small calyx.—Jacg. Ic. Rar. ¢. 41. Dun. Solan. ¢. 18. —S. ciliatum, Zam. S. myriacanthum, Dux. : the form with subentire leaves. S. reflexum, Schrk. : the same.—2’—4! high ; leaves 6!—4", yellow prickles 4!"—7"" (-2""), corolla 4!-5", anthers 3’ long; berry 6!’-8"" diam.—Has. Jamaica!, 4Z., in waste ground; Trinidad!, Cr. ; (Cuba! and Mexico to Brazil !] : 57. S. fuscatum, Z. Suffruticose, sowbrous.puberulous with stellate down, prickly: prickles stout, straight on the leaf-ribs and often on the calyx, shorter and often recurved on the stem; leaves ovate or ovate-oblong, pinnatifid-sinuate with deltoid lobes, long-petioled, the younger ones somewhat hoary beneath; cymes lateral, few-flowered; calyx 5-fid, half as long as the corolla: lobes ovate-lanceolate, acuminate; corodda bluish, externally pudbe- rulous on the angles ; limb sinuate, shortly 5-fid ; anthers obloug-lanceolate ; Jerry globose, glabrous, surrounded by the excrescent caly.—Jacq. Ie. Rar, t. 42.—S. campechiense, L. ex Dill. Hlth, t, 268. f. 34'7.—4!-5! high ; leaves 7-3", yellow or tawny leaf-prickles 4!"— 3! anthers" 8!-4" long; corolla 1”, berry about 1" diam.—Has, Antigua!, Nichols., Wullscht, ; [Yucatan]. Sect. 5. MrLonenna, Ns,——Anthers of Leptostemon, but their terminal pores forming transverse slits, 58*. S. Melongena, Z. Herbaceous or suffruticose, pubescent or tomentose with stel- late down, prickly or unarmed: prickles distant, straightish (or recurved), short, compressed ; leaves ovate or ovate-oblong, repand or sinuate, long-petioled ; cymes lateral, few-1-flowered, peduncled; calyx 5—-9-fid: lobes ovate, pointed; corolla blue, 5-9-fid, 5-9-androus: lobes deltoid ; anthers oblong-lanceolate ; berry large, ovoid (or subglobose), supported by the exerescent calyx.—Plum. Hd. Burm. t, 224, f.2. Desc. Fl. 8. ¢. 187.—S. insanum, L., Sw. 8, esculentum, melanocarpum, and Plumieri, Dwz.—Corolla 5!"-8"", anthers 3!"-2", berry 13/6" long.—Has. Naturalized and cultivated in Jamaica (Zus.) and the Caribbean islands ; [introduced from trop: Asia]. ‘ Sect. 6. Herzzaquartia.—Anthers oblong, bluntish, with minute pores at the truncate point. 59. S. polygamum, 7. Shrubby, -trailing, prickly or unarmed: prickles on the branches and leaves slender, straight; branches tomentose: down stellate ; Zeaves lanceo- late-oblong, bluntish, repand-entire, shortly petioled; scabrous above, tomentose or scabrous: SOLANEZ. 443 pubescent beneath; cymes lateral, few~]-flowered, sessile; calyx deeply 4-5-fid, half as long as the small corolla: lobes oblong, blunt ; corolla white, 4—5-partite : segments ovate- oblong, bluntish, twice as long as the anthers ; berry globose.—Vahi, Symb. 8. t. 85.—It approaches Lycianthes in the form of the anthers, but Leptostemon in habit and other characters, especially 8. Aguartia, Dun., and S. crotonoides, Lam. (both pracilijiora of Cuba).—Leaves 3-2", pedicels 3”, corolla 2’, anthers 1! long; berry 8” diam.—Has. Trinidad !, Pd., Lockh., in waste ground, Port of Spain; [S. Thomas, S, Croix]. 13. CESTRUM, Z, Corolla infundibular or salver-shaped : tube clavate or filiform: limb short, induplicative. Stamens 5 (7-4), inserted into the corolla-tube : anthers longitudinally dehiscent. Pericarp baccate. Liméryo straight.—Shrubs ; leaves entire ; cymes usually ertra-axillary, resem- bling a centripetal inflorescence: flowers usually fragrant, expanding at fixed hours, often changing colour during anthesis: corolla-limb pubescent at the margin. The teeth appearing on the filaments, are often suppressed in otherwise identical speci- mens, and the inflated corolla-base depends upon the growth of the ovary: hence both chief characters, upon which Dunal arranged the utterly confounded species of this genus, are quite obsolete. I call subsessile flowers those in which a short pedicel is developed late and above a joint. * Filaments very short, inserted into the corolla-throat. 60. ©. vespertinum, Z., Sw.! (non Dun.). Branchlets puberulous ; leaves chartaceous- membranaceous, oyate-Janceolate or elliptical-oblong, bluntish, glabrescent: veins delicate ; cymes contracted, few-flowered, subsessile: flowers subsessile, white; calyx 5-dentate: teeth subulate-deltoid ; corglla-tube filiform, glabrous, inflated abruptly at the throat: lobes oblong-linear ; stamens included, inserted inta the corolla-throat ; filaments as long as the anthers, entire; herry ovoid, blue, shortly tapering at the base.—Jacg. Amer. Pict. 4.16. Jacg. Schenbr. t. 328. Murr. in Nov. Comm, Got. 5, ¢. 8.—Ixora alternifolia, Jacg. C. depauperatum, Dun. C. hirtum, Sieb, (non Sw.). C. Poppigii, Sendin. !, a form with shorter flowers.—Leaves 2"—4”, calyx 1-14", corolla 8-12!" (-6"), berry 8” long. —Has. Dominica!, Dmr., St. Vincent !, Guild.; Trinidad!, Cr.; [French islands; Pana- ma! to Peru! and equatorial Brazil !] : 61. C. pallidum, Zam. Glabrous; leaves chartaceous-membranacegus, oblong or el, liptical, with a bluntish point: veins delicate; cymes racemiform, or few-flowered ; flowers pedicellate, pale-yellow ; calyx 5-dentate: teeth ovate, blunt; corol/a-tube clavate, gradu- ally dilated into the throat: lobes ovate, blunt, at length reflexed, with the style exserted ; stamens included, inserted into the corolla-throat: filaments as long as the anthers, entire ; berry ovoid, blue, shortly tapering at the base.—S/. 7. 204, 7. 2.—C. tinctorium, Jacq. (Schenbr. t, 332) is to be compared: in the figure there are white flowers, and globose berries. —Leaves 5-14", pedicels 1”, calyx 2"-13", corolla 6-8", berry 3!" long.—Has. Bahamas !, Swoains. ; Jamaica!, Al., March, near Kingston ; [Haiti !]. ** Filaments muoh longer than the anthers, inserted above or inta the middle of the corolla-tube. 62. C. latifolium, Lam. Branchlets pubescent ; leaves membranaceous, ovate, pointed, glabrescent: veins deficute; cymes contracted, subsessile: flowers subsessile ; calyx shortly 5-fid: lobes deltoid-subulate ; corolla-tube filiform, clavate, gradually taper- ing, glabrous : Zobes lanceolate-linear ; stamens included, inserted above the middle of the corolla-tube: filaments entire; berry “oblong.”— Vahl, Eelog. t.10.—C. chloranthum, Dun, !—Leaves 6-5", calyx 1, corolla 12/"-10" long. —Has. Trinidad|, Sieb. Zr. 143, Cr, at S. Anne, 63. CG. macrophyllum, Vent. Glabrous (except the axis of the gymes) ; leaves char- taceous, large, oblong or oblong-lanceolate, acuminate, arch-veined ; primary veins promi- nent beneath, at length impressed above ; cymes contracted, subsessile : flowers subsessile, yellowish, changing colour; calyx 5-dentate: teeth deltoid or minute; oorolla-tube clavate, gradually tapering, glabrous: /odes ovate-lanceolate or ovate-oblong; stamens included, inserted about the middle of the corolla-tube: filaments puberulous, entire E bearing a a 444, SOLANER, se above the downy parts berry gbovoid,—Vent. Choir. t. 18.—C, megalophyllum, Dun.! . Bellasombra, Dun. ex spec. Mader. C. vespertinum, Steb. Mart. 64 ! ap. Dun. C. Schottii, Sendtn.—C. conglomeratum, R. P., agreeing in the leaves, is slightly distin- guished by orange-coloured cymes, broader corolla-lobes, and glabrous filaments.— Variable in the calyx-teeth, and the breadth of the corolla-lobes : the filament-teeth, usually wanting in our specimens, are very marked in cultivated ones; leaves 8-4", calyx 1g, corolla 6-8" long.—Has. Jamaica!, Al., March; Dominica!, Dmr.; Trinidad!, Sted. Tr. 176, Sch. ; (Cuba! and Guatemala! to Brazil; introduced into Madeira !J. , 64, C. hirtum, Sw./ Branchlets shaggy with denticulate hairs ; leaves chartaceous, ovate-ob/ong or ovate-lanceolate, bluntish at the point, subcordate or roundish at the base, arch-veined : primary veins prominent beneath: shaggy down persistent ou the midrib; cymes contracted, subsessile: flowers subsessile, greenish-white; calyx 5-dentate: teeth deltoid ; -corol/a-tube clavate, gradually tapering : lobes ovate, bluntish ; stamens included, inserted about the middle of the corolla-tube: filaments pubescent below their tooth ; berry ovoid, black.—Jacg. Schenébr. t. 421.—C. hirsutum, Jacg., a form with the leaves auricled by the development of axillary gems.—Lenves 5"—-2", calyx 14-2", corolla 6!"-8", berry 6" long —Has. Jamaical, 8w., Macf., Pd., Wils., in mountain-woods, 8, Thomas i. E., Westmoreland ; [Cuba !}. 65. C. laurifolium, Z’Hér. Glabrous (except the axis of the cymes); leaves leathery, shining, elliptical, obovate or oblong, bluntish or blunt: veins inconspicuous or delicate ; cymes contracted, subsessile: flowers shortly pedicellate, greenish-yellow, changing colour ; calyx 5-dentate: teeth minute or deltoid; corol/a-tube clavate, gradually tapering, glabrous : lobes ovate-roundish or ovate, blunt; stamens included, inserted above the middle of the corolla-tube: filaments glabrous, eutire or bearing a tooth above the base; berry ovoid.— D’Heér. Stirp. t. 34. Bot. Mag. t. 2929.—C. alaternoides, Desf. C. subtriflorum, Dun. !' —Leaves 43"-2", pedicels 3!", calyx 13!", corolla 8!"-6"", berry 6!"—-5!" long. —Has. An- tigua!, Wudlschl. ; Trinidad, Sed, Zr. 186; [Cuba!, Portorico!, French islands]. 66. C. nocturnum, LZ, Glabrous ; leaves chartaceous-leathery, ovate or ovate-oblong, with a bluntish point: veins delicate ; symes pedyncled, racemiform, exceeding the petivle: inferior pedicels often as long as the calyx ; flowers greenish-yellow ; calyx 5-dentate, about one-third as long as the corolla-tube: teeth ovate-roundish or deltoid ; corodla-tube clavate, gradually tapering, glabrous ; Zobes ovate, b/unt ; stamens included, inserted above the middle of the corolla-tube ; filaments puberulous below, entire, or bearing a tooth above the base; berry qvoid-vblong.—Dil/. Elth. f. 185. Jacq. Schanbér. 1. 329.—C. fetidis- simum, Jacg.—Leayes 4-23", calyx 3"-2!, corolla 8!/—-9" long —Has. Jamaica |, Al, M‘Nab, Pd., March, in mountain-woods ; Dominica!, Jmr. ; [Cuba !). 67. C. diurnum, LZ. Glabrous; leaves chartaceous-leathery, ovate-oblong, bluntish :. veins delicate ; cymes pedunoled, contracted: flowers white, subsessile ; calyx 5-dentate: teeth minute or deltoid ; coro/la-tube clavate, gradually tapering, glabrous: lobes roundish, refleced ; stamens included, inserted below the throat; filaments entire, glabrous, about thrice as long as the anthers; berry subglobose.—Didl. Eith, f. 186. Jacq. Schenbr. #, 331.—C. odontospermum, Jacg. C. Forsythi, Dun. C. fastigiatum, Jacg. (. ¢. ¢. 830): a variety with longer. peduncles.—Leayes 4"—3", calyx 1", corolla 6-8" long; berry 3!— 4!" diam.—Hag. Caribbean Islands (Duz,) ; [Cuba!, in saline soil, S. Jean !). CXIV, BIGNONIACEA. Stamens and gorolla of Scrophularinee, but anther-cells mostly distinct, contiguous at their base. Ovary superior, many-oyulate, with the ovules distant from the axis, inserted along. each margin of a central, placentary dissepiment, rarely paracarpous : carpophylis 2. Seeds compressed, often winged, sessile, mostly transverse. Emdryo exalbuminons : cotyle- dons large, foliqceous, mostly emarginate.—Woody, rarely herbaceous plants ; leaves often compound, usually apposite and exstipulate, : Drugs are obtained from Crescentia, Tecoma Teucorylon and stans, and Bignonia equi- noctialis, The hard shells of Crescentia Cujete (the Calabash-tree) are turned into bottles and ta household articles, Jacaranda (the Palisondreewood), Catalpa, and Tecoma atlord imber. : BIGNONIACEA. 445 1. CRESCENTIA, Z, Calyx 2-partite or 8-fid, deciduous. Coro//a campanulate: limb unequally §-fid or sub- entire. Stamens didynamous. Ovary 1-celled. Stigma 2-lamellate. Fruit indehiscent, pulpy: seeds campressed, wingless.—Glabrous trees or shrubs ; leaves alternate or fascicled, simple, entire ; peduncles often arising fram the trunk. _1. ©, Cujete, L. Leaves spathulate, subsessile, chartaceous, fascicled ; calyx 2-partite; corolla, transversely plaited below: lobes dentate-undulate; fruit large, sybglobose : shelZ hard.—Jacq. Amer. Pict. t. 167; Tuss, Fl, 2. #19; Desc. Fl. 4. t. 244.—A tree; leaves 8-4", variegated corolla 3-2" long; fruit 1-2" diam,—Hax, Jamajea!, S. Kitts !, Au- tigua! and all other islands; [Cuba! and Mexico to Brazil !]. : 2. ©. cucurbitina, LZ. Leaves obovate-oblong or oval-oblong, shortly petioled or sub- sessile, vigid, scattered ; calyx 2-partite; corolla unequally 5-lobed; fruit ovoid, with a blunt point: shell brittle.—Plum. Ed. Burm. ¢. 109; c. Fl. 3. ¢. 182.—A tree; leaves 10”-3", dusky-variegated corolla 24”, fruit 8” long—Hax, Jamaica!, Pd., Dist., Wils., along the dry, rocky coast; S. Vincent!, Guéld.; Trinidad (Sieb.) ; [Cuba ! to Venezuela !]. The poisonous C. lethifera, Tuss. (FU, 4. ¢. 17), of Haiti, and perhaps other West Indian islands, is distinguished by a 2-fid calyx, a whitish corolla and its limb subentire: its syno- nyms are the shrubby C, euvcurditina, Seem. Panam, !, and C, oboyata, Benth. (Sulph, . 46). 2, SCHLEGELIA, Mig, Calyx tubular, persistent. Corolla salver-shaped: lobes 5, slightly unequal. Stamens didynamous: anther-cells ovate or oblong, diverging-pendulous. Ovary half-2-celled by the introflexed carpophylls: placentary dissepiment none. Stigma 2-lamellate. Fruit in-. dehiscent, pulpy: seeds small, wingless.—Shrubby, rooting, glabrous climbers; leaves op- posite, simple, entire, leathery, tapering into a short petiole; pedicels ebracteolate; calyx coloured. ; * Corolla-tube campanulate above the base, 3. S. parasitica, Mrs. Leaves elliptical or elliptical-oblong, blunt; fascicles few- flowered, louger than the petioles, axillary or inserted into the bark; pedicels cernuous,. jointed above, 2-bracteolate above the base: hracteoles minute, lanceolate; ea/ya shortly campanulate, truncate, one-third to one-fourth as long as the corolla-tube; corolla-tube campanulate: lobes roundish; anther-cells ovate, blunt; “fruit globose: shell brittle.”— Tanzcium, Sw.—Leaves 6-4" long, veiny beneath; corolla crimson: tube 1” long; fruit (eae of a small apple.”—Has. Jamaica!, Al, Pd., March, Wullschi,, rooting on trees ; Cuba !]. 4, S. axillaris, Gr. (7. sp.).. Leayes oval, rounded at the tap; fascicles axillary, few— many-flowered, equalling the petiole: pedicels as long as the calyx, jointed above, 2-bracteo- late below the middle; bracteales minute, lanceolate, rigid; calyx shortly campanulate, broadly 3-crenate-2-lipped : lips one-third to one-fourth as long as their tube; superior lip reniform-rounded, 2 inferior crenatures blantly deltoid; corolla-tube campanulate: lobes roundish ; anther-cel/s ovate, blunt.— Nearly allied to the preceding, corolla apparently | smaller, but not yet full-grown in our single specimen; veiny leaves 6-3", pedicels 3" long ; stamens didynamous, with a fifth sterile filament : anther-cells diverging downwards ; stigma narrowly 2-lamellate; placente: many-ovyulate, almost touching each other with their dilated border, but quite distinct in the middle of the cell— Has. Dominica !, Imr, ** Carollq-tube slender, cylindrical, ._ 5, S. violacea, Gr. Leaves elliptical-oblong or elliptical, blunt, dotted ; pedicels ter- nate or single, 7z a shart, serminal corymb, not saa 2-bracteolate at the middle: brac- teoles linear ; calyx cylindrical, elongated, shortly 2-lipped, more than half as long as the corolla-tube: lips minutely 2-3-dentate, one-fourth as lang as their tube; corolla-lobes ovate-oblong: tube narrowly cylindrical; axther-cells linear-oblong, bluut.—Audd. t.°254. Besleria, 4u42,—S, lilgcina, Mzg, (Surin. t. 36 sin.), is perhaps a form with a ee flowers, . G 446 : BIGNONIACER. —Leaves 6"-8" long, shining above, revolute at the margin, veiny, with all the younger parts somewhat powdered with minute, white points; pedicels s_10", calyx 12", corolla- tube 20/24", lobes 2’”-3!" long. — Has, Trinidad |, Cr., at S, Anne; [Guiana]. 3. JACARANDA, Juss. Calyx tubular. Corolla campanulate above a slender base: limb unequally 5-lobed. Sta- mens didynamous, with the fifth sterile one bearded at the a anther-cells diverging- pendulous, or one of them abortive. Ovary 2-celled by the introflexed carpophylls slightly cohering in the middle. Stigma 2-lamellate. Capsule woody, flat-compressed, loculicide : seeds winged, inserted along the middle line of the valves, parallel to them: dissepiment obsolete or disappearing —Trees: leaves opposite, often 2-pinnate ; flowers in a terminal panicle, usually blue.- 6. J. cxerulea, Gr. Glabrous ; leaves impari-2-pinnate: pinne 4—8-jugal, leaflets 8- 17-jugal, obliquely rhomboid-oblong, bluntish ; panicle lax; calyx small, 5-dentate; corolla blue, glabrous; one of the anther-cells abortive; capsule oval-roundish, natched at the rounded top.—Catesh. Carol. 1, t. 42.—Bignonia, Z. J. bahamensis, DC. (non R. Br., who states his species to have a silky corolla).—Leatlets 8’’-10", calyx 2"-3", corolla 13", capsule 2" long.—Has. Bahamas!, Swains., Providence ; [West Indies !, West.]. J. bahamensis, R. Br., is unknown to me; J. Sagre@ana, DC. (syn. Tanecium panicu- latum, Sted. Mart. 81!), of Cuba! and Martinique, has a shorter puberulous corolla and different capsule, 4. CATALPA, Scop. Calyx deeply 2-lobed. Corolla campanulate : limb unequally 5-lobed. Fertile stamens 2: one of the anther-cells erect, the other pendulous. Ovary 2-celled. Stigma 2-lamellate. Capsule siliquiform, subcylindrical, loculicide: seeds woolly, or with a fringe at both ends, uniserial along the border of the placentary dissepiment, parallel to it.—Glabrous, large trees; leaves simple, opposite or whorled, long-petioled ; flowers ix a lax terminal panicle. 7. CG. longisiliqua, Cham. [Leaves oyate-oblong or oblong-lanceolate, bluntish, entire ; calyx-lips entire, roundish-mucronate; capsule long-filiform, pendulous ; seeds amear, acumi- nate at both sides, wingdess, silky-woolly chiefly at the points—Jacg. dmer. Pict. t. 261. J. 50: the seed. Tuss. FU, 4. ¢. 37. Dese. #7. 1. t. 18,—Bignonia, Jacg. (B. longissima, ¢., a misprint, corrected by himself). B. Quercus, Zam. Catalpa longissima, Stms.—Leaves 8/-5", calyx 2!", rosy-white corolla J0"—-8”, capsule 2’ long. Haz. Jamaica!, Al., Wils., M‘Naj, Don; (Haiti, 8, Thomas]. 5. TECOMA, Juss. Calyx tubular; limb usually shortly 2-lipped. Corolla infundibolar : lobes 5, slightly unequal. Stamens didynamous: anther-cells diverging. Ovary 2-celled. Stigma 2-lamel- late. Capsule siliquiform, loculicide: seeds winged at both sides, uniserial along the border of the placentary dissepiment, parallel to it.—Trees or shrubs, rarely scandent ; leaves in our species opposite, compound ; flowers usually in terminal corymbs. Sect. 1. Tasupura, Gomez, emend.—Calyzx-limb unequal. Corolla-tube gradually dilated. Capsule-valves entire.—Leaves digitate or simple. * Leaves lepidote with minute, usually distant scales ; flowers rosy or white. 8. T. Berterii, DC. Glabrous, erect ; leaves leathery, lepidote chiefly beneath : Zeaffets 3 (-5), spathulate-lanceolate or elliptical-oblong, bluntish, extire: dateral subsessile, the middle shortly petiolulate ; corymbs few—1-flowered ; calyx campanulate, lepidote, one-sixth to one-fourth as long as the corolla: lips subentire, rounded ; corolla rosy, glabrous, pube- rulous within; stamens deeply included: anther-cells oblong-linear, straight ; capsule Knear, subcylindrical : valves keeled ; seeds as broad as each oblong wing.—Tabebuia tri- phylla, DC., a form with larger, obovate-oblong leaflets, Bignonia triphylla, Spreng , L.? —Ledtlets 2-1" (-4"), corolla 24"-2", capsule 4” long--Has. Jamaica !; M‘Nab; Haiti, Portorico 1, 8. Thomas !]. BIGNONIACEA, : 447 9. T. leucoxylon, Mart. Glabrous, arboreous; leaves rigid, lepidote, often whitish beneath: eaflets 5 (3-8), laneeolate-oblong or linear-oblong, bluntish, entire, all petiolu- late ; corymbs few(—1)-flowered ; calyx eampanulate, lepidote, one-sixth to one-fourth as long as the corolla: lips mucronate, superior often longer, inferior 2-fid ; corolla rosy (or white), glabrous, puberulous within; stamens deeply included: anther-cells oblong-linear, straight ; capsule linear, subcompressed: valves smooth, ecarinate; seeds as broad as each oblong wing.—Plukn. Alm. t. 200. f.4. Catesh. Carol. 1. t. 37. Bot. Repos. t. 43. Dese. Ft. 3. t. 204: flowers wrongly yellow.—Bignonia, L. ex ic. Plukn., Sw.! B. pen- taphylla, L. ex ic. Catesb. (non Sw., non Mig.).—A large tree: wood and bark whitish; leaflets 3-1", petiolules 6!"-2"", corolla 24-2", capsule 8-6", seed-wings 4!” long,—Has. Bahamas!, Swainus. ; Jamaica !, Hacf., Bancr., Wils., on river-banks ; Barbadoes (Plukn.) ; [Cuba ! to Guiana !). 10. 'T. pentaphyila, DC. (exclus. syn. L.). Glabrons, arboreous ; leaves rigid, mi- nutely lepidote : eaflets 5 (7-8), elliptical-oblong, elliptical or elliptical-lanceolate, bluntish, entire, all petiolulate: the middle petiolulus long ; corymbs many—few-flowered ; calyx campanulate, lepidote, one-seventh to one-fifth as long as the corolla: lips rounded, inferior 2-fid; corolla white or rosy, glabrous, puberwlous within ; stamens deeply included : anther- cells oblong-linear, straight ; capsule linear, elongated, subcylindrical: valves 3-carinate ; seeds as broad as each oblong wing.—Bignonia, West (non L.).—A timber-tree: bark whitish ; leaflets 3-6", middle petiolule 12-20", inferior ones 3"-6", corolla 3-2)", capsule 117-8", seed-wings 5” long —Hax. Jamaica!, Pd., Al. March; Antigua, Wultschi., Montserrat; S. Lucia; [Cuba! to French islands! ; Panama !}. ll. T. platyantha, Gr. (w. sp.). Glabrous, arboreous ; leaves rigid, minutely lepidote : leaflets 5(-4), elliptical or ovate-oblong, with a bluntish point, subentire-repand, ad/ petio- tulate ; corymbs lax ; calyx broadly campanulate, one-third as long as the corolla, closed in the ohovoid bud, at length shortly .2-lipped : lips rounded, entire ; corolla white, glabrous ; stamens equalling the corolla-tube: anther-cells ovate-oblong, bluntish, diverging-pendu- lous ; capsule linear, subcompressed : valves obtusely keeled—Tabebuia hemantha, DC., is apparently allied, but the corulla in our species is 4’ broad at the ba-e, 1” diam. at the summit.—A small tree; terminal leaflets 7”-4”, inferior 3’-2”, petiolules 14”—1” long, inferior shorter; calyx 8”’-10’”, corolla 2”, capsule 4” long.— Has. Jamaica!, Pd., March, -on rocks, S. James. 3 ** Leaves devoid of scales ; flowers yellow. 12. 'T. serratifolia, Dox. Glabrous, arboreous; leaves chartaceous, devoid of scales : leaflets 5 (6-4), oblong-lanceolate, acuminate, serrulate above the base, all petiolulate ; corymbs umbelliform ; calyx campanulate, powdery, oue-seventh to one-sixth as long as the corolla, shortly 5-lobed: lobes unequal, deltoid; corolla “yellow,” glabrous; stamens deeply included : azther-cells oblong, incurved at the top.—Bignonia, V.—Terminal leaflets “-6", inferior 3’-2", superior petiolules 20’”-10", inferior 6’”-4’”, corolla 2”—2}” long, the latter narrowly infundibular.—Has. S. Vincent !, Gueld.; Trinidad (V.). 13, T. spectabilis, Planch. Erect; down rusty-yellow, stellate ; scales none ; leaves chartaceous, hairy, with the down at length scattered, as long as the tomentose petiole : leaflets 5, oblong-lanceolate, shortly acuminate, subentire, all petiolulate; corymbs con- tracted ; calyx campanulate, rusty-tomentose, one-fifth to one-fourth as long as the broad corolla, 5-lobed: lobes ovate; corolla ‘‘yellow,” puberulous, villous within; stamens deeply included: anther-cells oblong-linear, incurved ; capsule linear, subcompressed, tomentose: valves keeled ; seeds broader than thé terminal part of the oblong wing.— FZ, des Serres, 9. t. 948.—Leaflets 5”-3”, terminal petiolule 12”, inferior ones 5’’-3””, corolla 2”, capsule 8’-10” long. —Has. S. Vincent !, Guild. ; Trinida@!; Lockh. ; [Venezuela]. Sect. 2. Eurzcoma, Hudl. Cualya'-limb 5-dentate, equal. Corolla-tube ventricose above the base. Capsule-valves at length 2-partite.—Leaves impari-pinnate, opposite. / 14, 8. stans, Juss, Glabrous, erect, shrubby; leaves impari-pinnate: leaflets 2-5. Jugal, oblong-lanceolate, acuminate, serrate ; flowers racemose, yellow ; calyx half as long as the narrow part of the campanulate corulla-tube: teeth pointed; stamens included: an- ther-cells lanceolate, straight ; capsule linear, acuminate, subcompressed.—Jucg. Amer. Pict. gn Y 448 BIGNONIACER. #.176.—Bignonia, L. ‘I, sambucifolia, K¢#.—4/-8! high, variable in the breadth of the leaflets ; corolla 2”—-14”, capsule 8-4” long. —Hav. Jamaica, all coll., common on rocky or gravelly soil; S. Kitts!, Z/s., Antigua!, Wuddschl., Dominica !, Imr.; Trinidad !, Cr., Sch. ; [Cuba! and Mexico! to Tucuman !]. ae T. capensis, Lindl., (a climber; with exserted stamens) is cultivated or naturalized in S. Kitts! 6. BIGNONIA, LZ. Calyx campanulate, usually closed in the bud. Cordd/a ¢ampanulate or infundibular ; lobes 5, often unequal. Stamens didynamous: anther-cells diverging. Ovary 2-celled : stigma 2-lamellate. Capsule siliquiform, flat-compressed, marginicide: seeds winged at both sides, uniserial along the border of the flat, placentary dissepiment, parallel to it.— Shrubby climbers ; leaves opposite, 2-foliolate, with a terminal tendril, or 3-1 -foliolate. * Calyx closed in the bud, at length truncate or denticulate ; inflorescence terminal, 15. B. equinoctialis, Z. Glabrous ; branchlets angular, usually tetragonal, or at length angular-subterete; leaflets 2 (-3), ovate-oblong or ovate, acuminate or pointleted, entire; flowers\ arge, rosy with stripes, corymdose; calyx truncate; coro//a campanulate . above the base, roughish ; anther-cells oblong, straightish; capsule long, broadly linear, blunt at the margin: va/ves slightly keeled ; seeds broadly rounded at the extremity : wings opaque, nearly as broad as the middle part.—Dese. Fi. 2.¢. 100.—B. spectabilis, 7. B. sarmentosa, Bertol.—Leaflets 6”—8”, corolla 2”—3”, capsule 18’-12” long; seeds (the wings included) 14” broad, 10’” long—Has. Dominica!, Jmr.; [Portorieo! and Mexico! to Guiana! and equat. Brazil !]. 16. B. laurifolia, 7. Branchlets puberulous or glabrescent, cylindrical ; leaflets 2, eliiptical or elliptical-oblong, bluntish, g/adrous, reticulated-veiny, entire ; flowers rosy, paniculate; calyx truncate or repand; corolla campanulate, tomentose ; anther-cells shortly oblong, blunt, straightish.—B. Sinclairii, Benth, /—Leaflets 8-6", corolla 1-2" loug.— Has. Trinidad!, Lockh.; [Guadeloupe !; Panama!, Keuador!, Venezuela !, Gniana!]. 17. B. mollis, 7. Branchilets tomentose or glabresvent, cylindrical ; leaflets 8 (-2), ovate or ovate-oblong, pointed, velvety, at length puberulous above, tomentose and veiny beneath, repand-eutire ; flowers paniculate ; “ calyx minutely 5-dentate ; corolla pubescent ;” capsule linear: valves flat, keeled with a filiform midrib; seeds subtruncate-oblong: wings pellucid, half as broad as the middle part.—VaA/, Ic. t! 10.—Flowers precocious, purple (Cr.), about 1" long (Duchass.) ; leaflets 5-14", capsule 10"-2" long ; seeds (the wings included) 1-14" broad, 4” long.—Has. Trinidad !, Cr. ; [Panama.!, Venezuela!, Guiana]. ** Calyx-lobes unequal : inflorescence axillary. 18, B. Martini, DC. Glabrous; branchlets cylindrical; leaflets 2, ovate, subcordate at the complicated base, pointleted, entire; racemes axillary, few-flowered ; pedicels nodding, as long as the calyx; calyx obconica/, 3(-5)-lobed; coroila campanulate above the slender bace, glabrous ; anther-cells ovoid-oblong; capsule long, linear: valves flat, sharply keeled ; sceds oblong: wings pellucid above, twice to thrice as broad as the roundish middle part. —leaflets 4”-3” long : tendril formed by the abortion either of the terminal or a lateral leaflet; calyx 5-7”, corolla 2”, capsule 18” long, the latter 8”” broad ; seeds (the wings included) 20-18" broad, 7-6" long —Has. ‘Trinidad !, Cn ; [Guiana !]. 19. B. unguis, L. Glabrous ; branchlets angular, at length cylindrical; leaves stipu- late: leaflets 2, shining, elliptical or elliptical-lanceolate, crenulate-subentire ; Sascieles 2(4~-1)-flowered, precocious, at length axillary ; calyx broadly dampanulate, loose, obliquely 5-crenate: crenatures broad ; corolla yellow, glabrous: tube subcylindrical ; anther-cells oblong, jneurved ; capsule long, narrowly linear, blunt at the border, slightly keeled ; seeds linear-oblong : wings pellucid at the extremity, much broader than the middle part.— Desc. Fi. 3. t. 199.—B. eequinoctialis, Sieb. Mart. 164!—Tendrils often 8-fid, leaflets variable ; calyx 6'”-8””, corolla 14”-8”, capsule 18”~12” long, the latter 4’” broad; sceds (the wings included) 15°”-12'" broad, 2’” long —Has. Antioua!, Nichols., Wullschl., Dominica!, Imr. ; (Cuba! to French islands 1. 5 en eae 20, B. rufinervis, Hojfimanns. Glabrous; branchlets cylindrical ; leaflets 2-8, oval, BIGNONIACEA. 449 pointleted, repand-entire, arch-veined : primary veins prominént beneath; racemes axillary, about as long as the petiole: pedicels spreading-erect, shorter than the ealyx ; calyx closed in the bud, coloured, campanulate-tubular, halt as long as the corolla, at length unequally 2-lipped ; corolla orange-yellow, roughish : tune cylindrical; anther-cells ovoid.—Tabebuia, DC.! B. crucigera, Berter.! (non L.).—Leatlets 6-34", calyx 14-1", corolla 3-2}! long.— Has. S. Vincent !; Guédd.; [Venezuela!, Guiana !, Pernambuco !. 7. MACFADYENA, 4. DC. Character of Bignonia, but calyx 1-lipped or spathaceous.—Glabrous, shrubby climbers ; leaflets 2, with a tendrit, or 3; shining above. ‘ 21. M. uncinata, 4. DC. Branchlets cylindrical ; leaflets 2, ovate or ovate-lanceolate, pointletcd, entire; racemes axillary, sessile, few-flowered; ca/yx campauulate, l-lipped above the middle ; corolla glabrous, yellow: tube clavate, twice to Lhrice as long as the calyx ; anther-cells oval-oblong ; “seeds oblong-linear.”—Bignonia, Mey. Essvq. /—Leallets 24-2", calyx 8!-9"; corolla 2"~-23" long-—Has. ‘Trinidad !, Cr.; [Panama, Guiana 1 22. WE. corymbosa, Gr. Branchlets cylindrical; leaflets 2-3, ovate or ovate-oblong, with a bluntish point, entire; peduncles axillary; compressed, dichotomously few-flowered ; calyx spathaceous—l-lipped beyond the middle, recurved; tubular at the base; corolla glabrous, ye//owish-rosy : tube caropanulate:clavate, twice to thrice as long as the calyx ; anther-cells oblong-linear ; capsule woody, oblong-linear: valves flat, rough, subecarinate ; seeds oblong: wings as broad as the middle part, pellucid abuve—Vent. Choir, t. 40.— Spathodea, Vent.—Leaficts 6"-4", calyx 10/"-14!", corolla 24"-3", capsule 4-5” long, the latter about 1” broad; seeds (the wings included) about 2" broad, 8 long.—Has. ‘I'riui- dad!, Sch., Cr.; [Panama ! to equat. Brazil !1. 8. ARABIDEA, DC: Character of Bignonia, but stigma simple.—Leaflets 2-8 (-1); usually hoary by down beneath; panicles terminal and axillary, many-flowered : flowers purple, more equal and smaller than in Bignonia ; calyx closed in the bud: 23. A. Sieberi, DC. Branchlets cylindrical, puberulous ; 7eaflets 2 (-1) ovate-roundish, apiculate, puberulous above, /oary-tomentose and reticulated-veiny dexeath ; terminal panicle spreading, hoary-puberulous: ultimate pedicels fascicled, shorter than the calyx; calyx truncate or obsoletely 5-denticulate; corolla clavate-campanulate, puberulous.—A larg climber with deciduous leaves (Cr.); leaflets 5-3", panicle often 1’, calyx 2’, corolla 6!” 8" long; anther-cells linear, arcuate —HaB. Trinidad !, Cr., at Piarco; 9. PITHECOCTENIUM, Mart. Character of Bignonia; but capsule woody, valves convex, echinate with tubercles, and seeds 3-serial.—Shrubby climbers; leaflets 2, with a tendril, or 8, aften with minute scales beneath ; flowers in terminal racemes, usually tomentose: 24, P. Aubletii, Sp/itg. Branchlets angular, glabrate; leaflets 2-3, subcordate- roundish or ovate, apiculate, glabrous above, glabrate beneath, with the distant scales per- sistent ; racemes simple ; calyx closed in the bud; loose, broadly campanulate, truncate, with 5 minute teeth below or at the margin; corolla tomentose: tube ineurved, clavate-cam- pauulate; capsule oblong; echinute with stout, bluutish tubereles; seeds oblong: wings much broader than the middle part.— 4, BLECHUM, P. Br. Calyx 5-partite, equal, 2-bracteolate. Corolla infundibular, slightly enrved, nearly regu- lar, Stamens didynamous, included: anther-cells parallel. Capsule ovoid, 8-seeded from ACANTHACER. 453 near the base: segments of the dissepiment seceding from the valves.—Herbs ; leaves lineo- late, petioled ; flower-fascicles spicate, supported by large, foliaceous, decussate bracts. 9. B. Brownei, Juss. Annual; leaves ovate, pointed; spikes tetrastichous-oblong: bracts 3—-2-flowered, roundish-ovate, ciliate, scabrous, ineluding or shortly exceeded by the whitish-blue flowers.—Sl. t. 109. f. 1.—Ruellia Blechum, Z. Justicia martinicensis, Sted. ‘Mart. 2531 B. trinitense, Ns./: the form with exserted flowers.—Variable in the strigose down, the size of the leaves and of the corolla. Bracts 8!’-5"", corolla 6-8!" long.—HaB. Jamaica!, Macf., Al., March, in dry soil; Antigua!, Wudischi.; '‘lrinidad!, Lockh., Sch. ; (Cuba! and Mexico to Ecuador ; Philippine Islands !}. 10. B. laxiflorum, Juss. Suffrutescent, glabrescent: leaves ovate-lanceolate or ob- Jong-lanceolate, acuminate ; spikes short: dracts 2—1+flowered, roundish-ovate, naked or ciliate at the margin, ha(f as long as the blue flowers —Ruellia blechivides, Sw. Diptera- canthus jamaicensis, Ns. /—1'-2' high; leaves 5"-2", bracts 8-5", corolla 1” long.—Has. Jamaica !, all coll., in moist woods, S. Anns, Manchester, Hanover. i 1l. B. angustifolium, 2. Br. Suffrutescent, glabrous; leaves lan¢colate-linear, acuminate ; spikes short: bracts 2-1-flowered, ovate, long-ciliate and with scattered hairs beneath. half as long as the blue flowers.—Ruellia, Sw./: his specimen is in fruit.—Leaves 3/13", bracts 4!" long, corolla 8-10" long.— Has. Caribbean Islands 1, Sw. ; [Panama]]. 5. BRAVAISIA, DC. / (Onychacanthus, Ws.) Calyx 5-partite, equal, 2-bracteolate: segments broadly rounded, foliaceous. Corolla campanulate, 5-fid: limb subequal. Stamens didynamots, hairy, included: anther-cells parallel, mucronate at the base. Capsule spathulate-oblong, subsessile, 4—8-seeded : seg- ments of the dissepiment adnate to the valves.—Trees; leaves /arge, lncolate above, petioled; racemiform or “‘spiciform’? cymes azillary or in a terminal, trichotomous panicle, ' 12. B. floribunda, DC. ae pubescent aliove; leaves elliptical, cuneate at the base, glabrescent ; cymes racemiform{ paniculate ; bracteoles small, ovate-roundish ; calyx- segments oval, ciliate, oue-fourth as long as the white corolla—Onychacauthus Cuumingii, Ns.—Leaves 4!-6", corolla 10", capsule 6 long; retinacula subulate-linear, truncate : seeds smooth.—HaB. Trinidad!, Cr. ; [Mexico and Venezucla! to Peru]. 4 Series 2. Acanthideee, 7. Anders. MS.—Corolla-lobes imbricative. Filaments usually distinct. 6. LEPIDAGATHIS, W. . (Teliostachya, Ns.) 1 Calyx 5(—4)-partite, unequal. Corolla small, 2-lipped, Stamens didynamois, included : anthers 2-celled. Capsule membranaceous, 4-seeded, sessile : segments of the dissepiment adnate to the valves.—Herbs ; flowers or glomerules spicate: bracts and calyx séarious, reticulated-veiny. 13. L. alopecuroidea, 2. Br. Ascending from a créeping rhizome ; leaves elliptical, cuneate at the petioled base; glomerules whorled, in terminal, dense; cylindrical spikes, or distant at its base; bracts 2-3-flowered; upper calyx-segment larger, elliptical, awned, ciliate, the other lanceolate; corolla pale-blue, nearly included; one anther-cell placed higher up than the other; capsule lanceolate—Ruellia, V. ‘Teliostachya, Ws. Adenosma chenopodifolia, Spreng.—Hax. Antigua |; Waullsehl., Montserrat, Dominica !, Imr., 8. Vin- cent !, Guild.; Trinidad!. Sted. Tr. 187, Cr.; [Portorico, French islands!; Panama! to Guiana | and Brazil]. 7, GEISSOMERIA, Lindl. (Salpinxanthus, Hook.) Calyx %-fid or 3-partite, slightly unequal. Corol/a tubular: limb short, subequal, ex- anced. Stamens ad prone ‘“subincluded: anthers l-celled, hairy. Capsule “ 4-seeded, sessile.’——Shrubs ; flowers spicate ; bracts and bracteoles shorter than the calyz. am 454 ACANTHACE AL, 14. G. coccinea, 7. Anders.(MS.). Glabrous; leaves oblong or elliptical-oblong, bluntish, tapering into the short petivle; spikes axillary and terminal, nearly as long as the leaves ; flowers opposite, distant, diverging ; calyx 5-fid, much longer than the roundish, glabrous bracts, one-sixth as long: as the corolla: lubes ovate or ovate-lanceolate, pointed, striate; corolla-lobes roundish, equal.— Bot. Mag. ¢. 4158.—Salpinxanthus, Hook. !—Leaves 3"-5", calyx 2", corolla 1", the latter crimson, white at the throat: tube subclavate, 3” diam. above.—Has. Jamaica!, Pd., Al., Wils., Wullschl., S. Anns, MAuchester. 8. APHELANDRA, 2. Br. Calyx 5-partite, starious, striate, slightly unequal. Corolla large, 2-lipped: tube narro-v. Stamens didynamous, exserted: anthers 1-celled, acuminate at tlie base. Capsule 4-seeded, sessile: segments of the dissepiment adnate to the valves, thickened below the seeds——- Shrubs; flowers crimson, im imbricate, tetrastichous spikes: bracts and bracteoles rigid, usually shorter than the calyx. 15, A. tetragona, Ns./ Leaves elliptical, pointed, cuneate at, the petioled base, gla- brous ; rhachis woolly ; bracts ovate, pointed, entire, ciliate, glabrous on the back, shortly exceeded by the calyx; corolla glabrescent : upper-lip oblong-lanceolate, 2-dentate, 2-appen- diculate near the base, inferior encoulnte. acuminate, revolute.—Jacg. Schenbr. 8. 4. 320.— Justicia, Y. J. cristata, Jacg.—Leaves 10-5", bracts 8!"-4!", corolla 2-3" long. —Has. Trinidad !, Lockh. ; [Veneznela! to Guiana! and Ecuador]. . 16. A. pectinata, Ns./ Leaves elliptical-oblong, pointed, tapering at the subsessile * ebase, hairy beneath or glabrescent ; rhachis puberulous; dracts ovate, cuspidate, pubescent, subserrate with a few pubescent teeth, including the calyx; corolla pubescent: lips lanceo- late, superior 2-dentate, 2-appendiculate near the base, inferior acuminate, revolute, pilose. —Justicia scabya, 7.—8' high; leaves 10"-6", bracts 8-6”, corolla 2” long.—Has. 8. Vincent !, Guéld, ; [Mexico] to Guiana! and Ecuador !]. Z x 9. PACHYSTACHYS, Ns. Calyz# small, deeply 5-fid, subequal. Corolla large, 2-lipped. Stamens 2, subexserted : anther-cells linear, parallel, blunt at the base.—Shrubs or suffruticose herbs ; leaf-ribs cos- tate ; flowers i a terminal imbricate spike: bracts large, foliaceous. This genus as yet is scarcely distinguished from Thyrsacanthus, except by the inflorescence, but the capsule is still unknown. he 17. P. eoecinea, Ns. Shrubby, glabrous; leaves elliptical or elliptical-oblong, petioled ; bracts ovate or oblong, pointed, half as long as the flowers; calyx exceeded by the bracteoles : lobes subulate, spreading ; corolla-lips narrow, half as long as the clavate tube.—Aud/. #. 3. —Justicia, dul, P. asperula, Ns./ P. latior, Ns. /—Leaves 8-5", calyx 1}!", corolla 2" ‘long.—Has. Trinidad!, Sch. ; cultivated in the Caribbean Islands! ; [Cuba!; Guiana!, equat. Brazil !]. 10. THYRSACANTHUS, No. Calyx deeply 5-fid, equal. Corolla tubular, incurved : limb expanded, subequal or 2- lipped: Stamens 2, usually included: anther-cells parallel, blunt at the base. Capsule spathulate; clawed from the middle, 4(-2)-seeded; segments of the dissepiment adnate to the dar aa or herbs; fascicled or eymose flowers in a long, terminal raceme : bracts small. 18. 'T. nitidus, Ns./ Shribby, glabrous; leaves oblong or lanceolate-oblong, acumi- nate, tapering into the short petiole; raceme compound at the base: fascicles somewhat distant ; calyx one-fourth to one-third as long as the corolla-tube : segments linear-acumi- nate, spreading; corolla slightly 2-lipped: lobes cernuous, subequal, oblong, bluntish, about as long as the tube. —S/. 7. 10. /. 2.—Justicia, Jacg., Sw. Barleria. Jacy—3!-4! high ; leaves 8’-8", pedicels 3!"-4'", crimson corolla 6", capsule 10!!! long.—Has. Jamaica! Macf. ; 8. Kitts, Antigua!, Nichols., Wulischl., Dominiea!, Imr., 8. Vincent |, Guild. Bar- badoes !, Lane ; [Cuba to French islands!, Sied. Mart. 251). ; , Th. Hookerianus, Ns., (flowers regular, crimson, 1! long) has been introduced into Jamaica. ACANTHACEA, 455 —Graptophyllum hortense, Ns., (Justicia picta, L.), resembling Thyrsacanthus, but having recurved anthers, occurs likewise in our collections, but as a cultivated plant. 11, DIANTHERA, Gronov., As. Gr. (non Sol.), (Rhytiglossa, Ws.) Calyx 5-4-partite: segments equal, or the superior smaller. Corolla 2-lipped. Stamens 2: anther-cells unequal, blunt at the hase. Capsule clawed, 4(—2)-seeded : segments of the dissepiment adnate to the valves.—Herbs or shrubs ; flowers sessile or shortly pedicellute, in spikes, panicles, or axillary, Set. 1, CurLoetossa, Ocerst.—Corolla-tube elongated: lips approximate, upper lip sub- entire or emarginate, the inferior 8-crenate. Anther-cells separated by the broad, con- stricted connective.—Erect herbs ; raceme terminal, compound, with racemiform or ‘con- tracted branches: bracts small ; corolla crimson. ; 19. D. secunda, Gr. Stem nearly glabrous, constricted at the nodes ; leaves ovate or ovate-lanceolate, acuminate; flowers shortly pedicellate; calyx-segments 5, lanceolate, pointed, one-sixth as long as the corolla: stamens equalling the corolla; distant anther-cells nearly parallel, one smaller.—Bot. Mag. ¢. 2060.—Justicia, V. Rhytiglossa, Ns. / a. Panicle spreading, usually one-sided ; corolla 14-1" long. B. geniculata, Panicle short, somewhat contracted ; corolla 1” long —Bot. Mag. t. 2487. Justicia, Sims. Rhytiglossa, Ns. ry. lucida. “Panicle spiciform-contracted ; corolla 2" long.”—Bot. Mag. t. 1014,.— Justicia, V. Rhytiglossa, Ns. Has. Jamaica!, Wullscht. (8); Antigua!, Wullschl. (a), 8. Vincent!, Guild, ; Trini- dad!, Sieh. Tr. 189, Sch., Lockh. ; [French islands !, Sieb. Mart. 382; Panama! to Pero! and Guiana !]. Sect. 2. Rurrierossa, Ns. emend,—Inferior corolla-lip spreading, broadly 3-lobed.— Flowers spicate or axillary : bracts small. 20. D. androseemifolia, Gr. Stem slender, herbaceous or suffrutescent, glabrous with puberulous lines; leaves ovate or ovate-lanceolate, bluntish ; flowers distant in simple, terminal aud axillary spites; calyx-segments 4, linear-acuminate, one-third as long as the corolla; corolla 2-lipped almost to the middle: tube narrow : upper lip oblong-linear, entire, a little exceeding the stamens; anther-ced/s ovoid, obliquely diverging, one placed higher up.—dJusticia, Sied. Mart. 880! Rhytiglossa, Ns./—Leaves 2"-13", corolla 1” long.— Has. Dominica !, Jmr.; [Martinique !]. 21, D. pectoralis, Murr. Stem slender, herbaceous or suffrutescent, glabrous, often with a line of hairs, puberulous at the summit; leaves lanceolate-acuminate or oblong-lanceo- late; flowers distant, in branched, elongated spikes, most one-sided ; calyx-segments 5, small, linear-acuminate, one-fourth to one-sixth as long as the corolla; corolla 2-lipped to one-fonrth: upper lip ovate, entire, exceeding the stamens; anther-celis ovoid, oblique, separated by the constricted connective, one smaller,—Jacg, Amer. Pict. t, 4, Tuss. Fl. 3. t, 2.—Justicia, Jacg, Rhytiglossa, Ns. /—1'-3' high; leaves 4-1", corolla 4!_5! long, the latter rosy with a variegated throat, or pale-blue.—Has. Jamaica!, March ; Antigua!; Walischi., 8. Lucia, S. Vincent !, Gui/d.; Tyinidad!, Sied. Tr. 136, Sch., Lockh., in dry pastures; [Haiti to French islands!; Mexico | to Brazil !], 22. D. reptans, Gr. Glabrescent; stem creeping, delicate; leaves deltoid-ovate, pointed or bluntish; flowers few, distant in a simple, filiform spike, one-sided ; calyx- segments 5, linear-acuminate, half as long as the corolla; corolla 2-lipped to one-fourth : upper lip “ emarginate ;” anther-cells ovoid, obliquely diverging, one placed higher up.— Justicia, Sw./ Rhytiglossa, Ns.—2"'-6" long; leaves 6-3", corolla 3-4" long, the latter white, red-streaked at the throat.—Has. Jamaica (Ns.); [Haiti !, on moist rocks]. 23. D. sessilis, Gr. Suffruticose; stem erect, glabrescent with lines of hairs ; leaves ovate, pointed, shortly petioled; flowers single in the axils, sessile ; calyx-segments 4, linear-acuminate, one-third as long as the corolla ; corolla 2-lipped to one-third; “ anther» 456 ACANTHACEE. cells separated by the dilated connective, one smaller;” seeds tubercled.—Jacg. Amer. Piet. t. 3.—Justicia, Jacg. Rhytiglossa, Ns, Siphonoglossa, Oerst.—1!-2! high ; leaves 131", rosy corolla 8" long; capsule elliptical-lanceolate ; claw as long.—HaB. Antigua!, Wuddschi. ; [Haiti to 8. Eustache, among shrubs]. 24. D. comata, LZ: Annual, rooting at the base, glabrescent, usually glandular at the summit; leaves ovate or lanceolate, cuneate or tapering at the subsessile or shortly petioled base ; flowers distant in filiform, whorled-umbellate spikes 3 calyx-segments 5, linear- acuminate, about half as long as the corolla; corolla 2-lipped to one-third ; anther-cells ovoid, contiguous: superior oblique, inferior vertical ; seeds muricate.—S/. ¢. 103. f. 2.— Justicia, Sw, J. humifusa, Sw, Leptostachya comata, Martiana, azd parviflora, Ns.— Was. Jamaica!, all coll., in swamps and wet pastures; Trinidad !, Sch., Lockh. ; (Cuba! and Mexico! to Peru! and Brazil !]. 12, JUSTICIA, L. (Adhatoda and Gendarussa, Ns.) . Calyn 5-partite: segments equal (or the superior smaller). Corolla 2-lipped: inferior lip spreading. Stamens 2: one anther-cell placed higher up than the other, inferior macro- nate or callous at the base. Capsule of Dianthera.—Shrubs or herbs ; flowers spicate or azillary ; bracts foliaceous. 25, J. eustachiana, Jacg. Shrubby, glabrescent, constricted at the nodes; leaves lanceolate or oblong, acuminate with « bluntish point; spikes few-flowered or interrupted below, peduncled ; Jracts spathulate-linear, exceeded by the calyx ; calyx-segments lanceo- late, acuminate, one-fourth as long as the corolla ; corolla pale-purple : upper-lip emargiuate, lobes of the inferior oblong, blunt ; anther-cells oblong, parallel.—Jacg. Amer. Pict. t. 5.— Adhatoda, Ns. /—3! high; leaves 6-2", corolla 13” long—Has. Antigual!, Nichols., Wullschd,, in arid soil, Montserrat; [S. Barthelemy !, S, Eustache, Guadeloupe !]. 26. J. carthagenensis, Jacg, Suffruticose, glabrescent, constricted at the nodes ; leaves ovate, pointed or elliptical-lancealate; spikes short, imbrieate, sessile or shortly pe- duncled; dracts spathulate, exceeding the calyx ; calyx-segments lanceolate, acuminate, one-third to one-fourth as long as the corolla; corolla violet: upper lip emarginate, lobes of the inferior bluntly ovate; anther-cells oblong, parallel Jacg, Amer. Pict. t. 7: a narrow- leayed form, not occurring in our collections.—Adhatoda, Ns./ Justicia retusa, V. (Diclip- tera, Juss.; Amphiscopia, Ns.).—3'-6' high; leaves 6-1", corolla 14” long.—Haz. 8. Kitts !, Antigua !, Wadlschl,, Dominica!, Jmr,, 8, Vincent !, Guild. ; [S. Croix; Mexico! to Venezuela! and Peru !]. 27. J. spherosperma, V. Suffruticose, glabrous, constricted at the nodes; leaves oyate or ovate-obléng ; spikes terminal, imbricate, subsessile, often 3-partite ; bracts lanceo- late-linear, acuminate, exceeding the calgx; calyx-segments lanceolate, acuminate, one- third as lopg as the corolla; corolla red; upper lip 2-dentate, lobes of the inferior oblong- lanceolate, bluntish ; anther-cells oblong-linear, alternate, the superior erect, the inferior hanging, with a bluntish spur.—Adhatoda, Ns. /—Leaves 6"—2", spikes 2", corolla 14" long ; seeds “ compressed-globose,’—Hag. 8, Vincent !, Gudld. J. Adhatoda, L. (J. caracasana, Sieb. Mart. 881) and J. Gendarussa, L., occur in the Caribbean collections as cultivated plants, J. racemulosa, Wickstr. (Tetramerium, Ns), said to grow in Jamaica, is perhaps a Dianthera, but unknown to me. 13. BELOPERONE, Ns. _ Character of Justicia, but both anther-cells callons or mucronate at the base, and inferior- eorolla-lip suberect., 28. B, nemorosa, Ns, Herbageous, suffruteseent, pubescent or glabrescent; leaves ovate or ovate-lanceolate, acuminate, bluntish at the petiole; spikes terminal, short, sub- sessile: floral leaves gradually passing into the ovate-oblong bracts; calyz-segments lanceo- late, exceeded by the bracts, one-third as long as the corolla; corolla purple, straightish- tubular, 2-lipped to one-third: lips of equal length, the superior emarginate, the inferior shortly 3-lobed: lobes oblong, blunt; anther-cells oblong, bluntly corniculate at the base : ACANTHACER, 457 one placed obliquely above the other.—Justicia, S.—Leaves 5-24", corolla 12!"-15"" long. —Has. Jamaical, Macf., Al,, Wils,, Pd., March, in moist woods, the glabrescent form on ‘ calcareous rocks, 14*, ERANTHEMUM, L, Calyx -fid, equal, Corolla salver-shaped: limb subequal. Fertile stamens 2, exserted : giteneel parallel, blunt at the base. Capsule of Dianthera.—YVlowers spicate, 2-brac- teolate, 29*. E, nervosym, 2, Br. Shrubby, glabrescent ; branches 4-gonal; leaves ovate or ovate-oblong, pointed at both ends; spikes imbricate; bracts large, ovate-cuspidate, reti- culated-veiny, at leugth scarious between the network ; corolla blue: tube narrowly cylin- drical, louger than the bracts and the obovate lobes,—Justicia, V.—BSpikes 2-4", bracts 8”, corollastube 1" longz.— Hap. Naturalized in S. Kitts!, Trimidad!, Sied, Zr, 280; (intro- duced from the Kast Indies], 15, ANTHACANTHUS, Ns, Character of Evanthemum, but calyx 5-partite, ebracteolate, and corolla-limb 2-lipped, the upper lobes being less expanded.—Shrubs; spines axil/ary, (rarely wanting, ) sometimes growing out into spinescent branchlets ; pedicels axillary or lateral, solitary or fascicled, bracteolate at the base; corolla 5-lobed almost to the. middle; capsule contracted into the solid claw at the middle, (except in a new Cuba species ). . 80. A. spinosus, Ns. Glabresceut ; spines stout, nearly horizontal or slightly recurved, often exceeding the minute, spathulate or elliptical, leathery leaves; pedicels fascicled, as long as the calyx; corolla blue: tube twice as long as the calyx: lobes oval; capsule pointed —Jacq. Amer. Pigt, t, 2.—Justicia, LZ. A. emarginatus, Ns. ex deser.—4'-5' high, virgate, very spiny, variable in the leaves and in the size of the spines; leaves 2!"-6"”, calyx 2!" corolla 6-8", capsule 8!" long —Has. Bahamas !, Swains.; Antigua!, Nichols,, on maritime, calcareous rocks; [Cuba! to Martinique]. 31. A. armatus, Ns, Branchlets puberulous, often unarmed above; spines slender, spreading, exceeded by the cuneate-oblong or elliptical, retuse, chartaceous leaves ; pedicels filiform, solitary or fascicled, as long as the flawer (or somewhat shorter); corolla red: tube 3-4 times as long as the small calyx ; lobes oblong ; capsule pointed.—Justicia, Sw.!; a large-leaved form. A. acicularis, Ns. / (ewedus. syn. Sw.): the common, small-leaved form. —3!-12! high; spines 4-6’, leaves 6"-8"", rarely 1/'-14", pedicels 8’"-5”, calyx 1” long; corolla crimson or pale-purple, 6'’-8", capsule 6"”—4"" long.—-HaB, Jamaica}, 4/,, Wils., March, Wullschl,, in rocky mountains. 32. A. jamaicensis, Gr. Branchlets puberulous ; spines setaceous, spreading, exceeded by the ovate-deltoid or retuse-oval, mucronnlate submembranaceous leaves ; pedicels solitary, as long as the calyx ; corolla white: tube scarcely twice as long as the calyx: lobes oval ; capsule mucronulate-bluntish.—Justicia acicularis, Sw.— Diffuse, 1! high; spikes 3’, leaves 10/5", pedicels 1-2", calyx 14”, corolla 5”, capsule 6’” long.—Has. Jamaica!, Wils., common on calcareous rocks of the southern districts. _ 83. A. microphyllus, Ns. Branchlets rigid, hispidulous-pubescent ; spies subuli- form, spreading, exceeded by or exceeding the minute, spathulate, chartaceous leaves ; pedicels solitary (or fascicled), twice as long as the calyz (or shorter) ; corolla white: tube- 4 times as long as the small calyx: lobes oval ; capsule pointed,—Justicia, Lam. A. ly- cioides, Ws.: the small-leaved form, A. cuneatus, Ns. /; # pubescent form, with longer spines, passing into the common one by Eranthemum spinosum, Berter. !—8'-12! high, or lower; leaves 5-13", spines 4”-14'", pedicels aM_13", calyx 1", corolla 6’, capsule. 6-10” long.—Has. Jamaical!, Macf., Berter., Wils, ; Antigua !, Wullschi, ; (Haiti! to French islands }, on arid hills]. 16, DICLIPTERA, Juss, = Calyx Bepartite, equal, Corolla 2-lipped. Fertile stamens 2: anther-cells blunt at the base, one placed higher up than the other. Capsule 4-seeded: segments of the dissepiment elastically separating from the valves.—Herbs (or shrubs) ; glomerules fez(-1) flowered, 458 ACANTHACEZ. paniculate, umbellate, or axillary; flowers bracteolate, apparently inverted with respect to the primary axis. . : 84. D. martinicensis, Juss. Glabrescent; leaves ovate or ovate-oblong, pointed ; pedunéles 3-5-nate, axillary or in interrupted racemes: glomerules supported by 2 large, ovate, cuspidate bracts: one bract somewhat larger than the other; corolla rosy: tube uarrowly cylindrical, lips oblong-linear, subeutire, one straight, the other revolute; capsule shortly clawed.—Jacg. Amer. Pict. t. 6.—Justicia, Jacg.—2!' high; leaves 2-4", larger bracts 8!'~10"”, corolla 13", capsule 4’ long.—Has. Trinidad !, Sieb. Zr. 173; [Marti- nique!, in shady places]. 35. D. assurgens, Juss. Leaves ovate ar ovate-oblong, pointed; glomerules distant in compound spikes, supported by 2 lanceolate-linear or spathulate-linear bracts, superior solitary, inferior ternate; corolla scarlet, much longer than the bracts: tube incurved, clavate, lips bluntly lanceolate, subentire, one spreading ; capsule shortly clawed.— Br. Jam. t. 2. f. 1.—Justicia, Z. D. Vahliana, Ns. / (J. sexangularis, ZL. sec. Sw.): the form with- most bracts spathulate. D. portoricensis -azd*mollis, Ns.; pubescent forms.—3/-4! high, 6-angular above, with spreading branches; leaves 4-2", bracts 4/"-2"", corolla 1-14", capsule 3!” long,—Has. Bahamas!, Swains.; Jamaica!, all coll., along the coast: Trini- dad}, Seh, ; (Cuba! and Mexico! to Venezuela], 17*. ANDROGRAPHIS, Wail. Calyx 6-partite. Corolla 2-lipped. Stamens 2: anther-cells parallel, unequal, bearded at the base. Capsule sessile, 16-4-seeded: segments of the dissepiment adnate to the valves: seeds subglobose: retinacula deciduous.—Herbs; flowers purple, ia axillary or compound racemes. 36*. A. paniculata, Ns. Annual, glabrous, glandular at the summit; stem 4-gonal, trichotomous; leaves lanceolate or oblong-lanceolate ; racemes in a spreading pauicle ; co- rolla-tube clavate; capsule oblong-linear, 12-16-seeded.— Wight, Ic. 2. ¢. 518.—1/-2! high; corolla 6, capsule 8! long —HaB. Naturalized in Jamaica!, A/., Pd., March, in shady places, 8. Vincent !, Guild. ; [East Indies !]. Taise II, PHUNBERGIEZ,— Placenta cohering in the axis: retinacula none. 18*, THUNBERGIA, L. fil. . Calyx cyathiform, 5-many-lobed or truncate, enclosed by 2 large bractlets. Corolla salver-shaped: limb 5-partite, subequal, imbricative. Stamens didynamous, included: anther-cells parallel, ciliate. Capsule 4~-2-seeded, contracted into a large beak: dissepi- ment separating from the introflexed valves: seeds subglobose, perforated at. the base.— Pubescent climbers ; flowers axillary, peduncled or racemose. ‘ 87*. 'T. fragrans, Roxb. Leaves ovate or ovate-lanceolate, pointed, subcordate or hastate at the base; calyx 5-fid; corolla pale-yellow, purple at the throat: lobes obversely deltoid, 3-crenate at the top, nearly as long as the tube; capsule globose, one-half to one- third as long as the stout, subuliform beak,—Corolla-tube 1", capsule (the beak included) about 1” long.—Hag. Naturalized in Jamaica!, 4/., Antigua!, Wul/sehd,, Trinidad |, Sie’. Tr, 221 ; [East Indies !']. 19*, SESAMUM, Z. Calyx 5-partite: upper segment smaller, Corolla 2-lipped. Stamens didynamous, in- cluded: anther-cells parallel. Capsule many-seeded, beaked: cells nearly 2-locellate by incomplete, spurious dissepiments, proceeding from the middle of the valves: central pla- centa separating from the introflexed valves: seeds angular (or compressed).— Annual herbs ; leaves bearing minute points beneath, superior often alternate ; flowers axillary, shorily peduncled. 38*. S. orientale, Z. Erect, pubescent; leaves ovate-lanceolate, acuminate, entire or inferior coarsely toothed below; capsule ovoid-oblong, 4-furrowed, shortly beaked.—Dese. #1. 4. t, 268.—S. indicym, Z,—Corolla rosy-white, 1-13" long,—Has. Naturalized and cultivated in Jamaica, and Caribbean Islands, [introduced from the Bust Tndies]. -GESNERIACE. 459 CXVI. GESNERIACEA. Stamens inserted into the sympetalous, imbricative, usually irregular corolla, didyaamous (or 2-5): anthers mostly cohering. Ovary paracarpous: placentz 2,-bilamellate, usually many-ovulate. - Embryo cylindrical (rarely with broad cotyledons) : albumen thin or none, —Herbs or shrubs, often epiphytical ; leaves simple, exstipulate, usually opposite (but al- ternate in several West Indian genera) ; inflorescence centripetal. * Trine Il, GESNERIEZ.—Embryo cylindrical, enclosed by ulbumen. . Calyx adnate to the ovary, ; 1. GESNERIA, Mart. : Calyx-limb 6-partite. Corolla campanulate or tubular : limb‘shprtly 2-lipped. Stigma entire. Capsule half-superior, medianicide at the summit.—Leaves opposite ; flowers in corymbs or racemes. om. 1. G. corymbosa, Sw./ Shrubby, scabrous; leaves ovate, pointed, obsoletely serrate, shortly petioled; corymbs axillary, long-peduncled : peduncles exceeding the leaves ; calyx- lobes subulate, as long as their tube; corolla tubular, slightly incurved, gradually enlarged from the middle,“ scabrous-pubescent, nearly devoid of basilar gibbosities; hemiepigynic glands connected into a ring.—1' high; leaves 2”, crimson corolla 8", ellipsoidal capsule 3" long—Has. Jamaica !, Sw., on limestone rocks of the southern districts, 2. ISOLOMA, Dees. Calyx-limb 5-partite. Corolla-tube clavate: limb short, subequal. Stigma.2-fid. Ovary half-superior—Stoloniferous herbs ; leaves opposite ; flowers axillary or racemose. ‘Hanstein has changed the name of this genus into Brachyloma, on account of the priority of Isoloma, J. Sm., which however is a synonym or section of Lindsea (Hook, sp. fil.). 2. I. hirsutum, Reg. Erect, villous; leaves ovate, pointed, coarsely serrate, long- petioled ; pedicels long, axillary ; calyx-lobes lanceolate-linear, much longer than their tube, nearly half as long as the straight, villous, crimson corolla.—Kth. N. Gen. 2. t. 189.—Ges- nera, Kth.—2'—4! high ; leaves 8-4!" (-6"), pedicels 2", calyx 6", corolla 12" long.—HaB. Trinidad !, Cr., Waterfall at Maraccas ; [Venezuela]. 3. ACHTMENKS, P. Br. Calyx-limb 6-partite. Corolla obliquely salver-shaped: limb subequal. Stigma emar- ginate. Ovary inferior.—Slender, stoloniferous herbs ; leaves opposite (or whorled), serrate ; peduncles axillary, 1-flowered. 7 8. A. coccinea, Pers. Pubescent; leaves ovate-oblong, pointed, cuneate at the base ; peduncles miuch longer than the calyx: corolla crimson: tube subequal at the base.—Br. Jam, t. 80. f. 1.—Cyrilla pulchella, Act., Sco.—é6"-12" high; leaves 1’-2", corolla-tube 6"-8"" long ; epigynous disk annular—Has. Jamaica!, Muacf., M‘Nab, Baner., Pd., in moist rocks of the south-eastern hills; [Mexico ! to Panama]. 4. RYTIDOPHYLLUM, Mart. Calyx-limb 5-fid: tube ecostate. Corolla obliquely campanulate, dilated below the limb. Stamens inserted into the middle of the corolla: anther-cells oblong. Ovary inferior. Capsule medianicide at the produced, free summit.—Scabrous shrubs or half-shrubs ; leaves scattered ; flowers corymbose: peduncles long, opposite to a leaf. 4 4. R. grande, Wart. Shrubby, simply scabrous ; leaves long, lanceolate-oblong, tapering into a short petiole, obsoletely denticulate or subentire, pale beneath ; peduncles -equalling the leaves; calyx-tube obconical, as long as the deltoid lobes 3, corolla greenish- yellow, purple at the throat: limb oblique; stamens included; summit of the capsule bluntly conical—Geanera, Sz.—6'—15’ high : leaves 1-14), calyx-lobes 13/", se 6" long. H 460 GESNERIACES. —Has. Jamaica!, Macf., M‘Nab, Al., Pd., March, along rocky roads, S. Mary’s, between Bath and Port Antonio. ; 5. R.tomentosum, Mart. Stem suffruticose, glandular-villous ; leaves lanceolate or oblong-lanceolate, acuminate, serrate, scabrous above, villous beneath ; peduncles equal- ling or exceeding the leaves; calyx-tube campanulate-obconical, as long as the bluntly mu- cronulate, at length deltoid lobes; corolla greenish-yellow, variegated with purple spots (or purple), scabrous-tomentose ; stamens included ; summit of the capsule convex.—SI, ¢. 104. * 2.—Gesnera, L.—2!-3! high ; leaves 8"—-4!" (-1/), calyx-lobes 1, at length 2', corolla 8!"_10" long.— Has, Jamaica!, all coll., on rocky river-banks, common ; [Cuba!, Haiti !]. 5. PENTARHAPHIA, Lindi. Calyx-limb 5-partite to the base: tube turbinate, 10(—5)-costate, Corolla 2-lipped : tube campanulate-infundibular or incurved-clavate. Stamens inserted near the base of the corolla, exserted: anthér-cells ovoid-oblong, at length recurved. Ovary inferior. Capsule medianicide at the convex, free summit.—-Glabrous, resinous shrubs ; leaves scattered, pe- tioled, rigid: ‘veins costate ; peduncles few(-1)-flowered, axillary. P. eraniolaria, Decs. (from Swartz’s specimen) is nd congener, but will prove a distinct genus, distinguished by transverse, included anthers, the habit and down of Conradia, and a peculiar corolla. . 6. P. longiflora, Lindl. Leaves lanceolate-elliptical or lanceolate-oblong, obtusely serrulate or subentire, tapering at the entire base; calyz-lodes filiform from a subulate base, one-half or one-third as long as the incurved, clavate-cylindrical, crimson corolla ; capsule turbinate—Ann. Sc. Nat. iii. 6. ¢.'7: P. florida, Decs.—Gesnera ventricosa, Sw. (Conradia, Mart.). P. Swartzii, Lindleyana, exserta (arclus. syn. Sw.), montana, florida, and Hermi- nierii, Decs.: all distinguished by variable characters, the calyx-lobes proving of different, length in the same specimen.—6/—8' high ; leaves 3’-6"-(—8"), calyx-lobes 8!"-2"", corolla 10-12" long. —Haz. Jamaica!, Pd., Al., ow rocks, Manchester; Montserrat, Dominica], Finl., Imr., 8. Vincent !, Guéld. ; [Haiti!, French islands !, Sieb. Mart. 394]. 7. P. catalpiflora, Decs. Leaves oblong, pointed, unequally serrulate, blunt at the rounded base; calyz-lobes linear from a subulate base, two-thirds to one-fourth as long as the broadly infundibular corolla-tube ; corolla yellow: inferior lip often as long as the tube; capsule turbinate-—Gesnera exserta, Sw. / (Couradia, Mart. ; Codonorhaphia, Oerst.). P. Lessertiana and parviflora, Decs.—6'-12' high ; leaves 3"'—5", calyx-lobes 4-2", corolla- tube 6!"-8" long; expanded corolla often 8" diam, at the throat.—Has. Jamaica!, Sw., Maef., Wils., March, M‘Nab, in rocky mountains ; [Haiti !]. 8. P. calycosa, Decs. Leaves elliptical-oblong, with a bluntish point, unequally ser- rate, bluntish at the base; peduncles 1-flowered ; calyzx-lobes long-linear, filiform above, exceeding the,broadly campanulate corolla ; inferior corolla-lip almost as long as the tube; capsule clavate— Hook. Ic. ¢. 689, 690.—Conradia, Hook. Codonorhaphia, Oerst.—5!- 10’ high, much branched; leaves 4"~7", peduncles 3", calyx-lobes 18’”, corolla 12! long, the latter 8" diam. at the throat.—Haz. Jamaica !, Pd., Macf., Manchester, mountains of Port Royal. 6. VAUPELLIA, Gr. Calyz-limb broadly campanulate, inflated-spreading, shortly 5-fid, herbaceous: tube cla- vate-cylindrical, obtusely 10-costate. Corolla 2-lipped: tube campanulate. Stamens inserted near the base of the corolla, exserted: anther-cells oblong, erect. Ovary inferior: style surrounded at the base by an annular disk: stigma infundibular. Capsule cylindrical, retuse at the summit, at length rupturing.—A glabrous half-shrub; leaves scattered, mem- branaceous, petioled ; veins arched-costate ; peduncles few-flowered, axillary. 9. ‘V. calycina, Gr.—Gesnera, Sw. Conradia, Mart.—6'-10! high ; leaves lanceolate- oblong, pointed, slightly crenate above, 6-4" long; calyx-limb 8"~6" long and broad: lobes deltoid, pointed : tube 6” long; corolla whitish : tube 6" long, 2!" diam. at the base: one lobe roundish, 3-2" diam., the other smaller or reduced ; stamens twice as long as the corolla; capsule about 10” long—Has. Jamaica!, Macf., Wils., in mountain-woods, at 3000’ alt., very rare, Manchioneal, near Betty’s Hope, Bath. ° GESNERIACEAI. 461 7. CONRADIA, Mart. Calyx-limb 5-partite : tube turbinate or campanulate, often 10-costate. Corolla 2-lipped : tube campanulate or clavate-cylindrical. Stamens inserted near the base of the corolla, shorter than the corolla: anther-cells ovoid-roundish. Ovary inferior. Capsule wholly inferior, opening by pores at the truncate summit.—Downy or glabrescent half-shrubs, rarely herbs or shrubs; leaves scattered, often rugose: veins arched-costate ; corymbs few-1- flowered, axillary, peduncled, or subsessile. Ophianthe, Hanst., I regard as a congener, as it is only distinguished by the tubular corolla: the costate calyx-tube exists in O. banensis, and the difference in the growth of the epigynic glands presents a gradual passage. * Corolla-tube campanulate: limb large, expanded. 10, CG. humilis, Mart. Suffruticose, simple; pilose down scarce, disappearing ; leaves \, lanceolate or obversely lanceolate, acuminate, serrate above, subsessile, membranaceous ; peduncles few-flowered, about as long as the leaves ; calyx-tube ovate, slightly 10-keeled : lobes subulate ; corolla “ yellowish,” deflexed: tube broadly campanulate, thrice as long as the largest lobe: lobes entire, very unequal.—Plum. Ed. Burm. t. 183. f. 2: corolla-limb inaccurate.—Gesnera, L., Sw., Popp. Cub. /—Stem ascending, spithameous or lower, naked below, leafy above ; calyx-lobes 2", corolla 8” long.—Has, Jamaica (Laz.) ; [Cuba!, Haiti]. 11. CG. mimuloides, Gr. (x. sp.). Suffruticose, simple ; down jointed ; Jeaves spathu- late, blunt, dentate-crenate above, tapering into the short petiole, membranaceous ; pe- duncles 1~3-flowered, flexuose, one-third to one-fourth as long as the leaves ; calyx-tube ecostate, at length terete, ovoid, pilose: Jodes half as long as the corolla-tube, elliptical, Bluntish, at length excrescent, oblong; corolla-tube broadly campanulate, about twice as long as the broad lips: lobes rounded, subequal, ciliate—Stem ascending, 6!'—4" long, naked below, glabrescent : younger parts, petioles and midrib of leaves beneath rugose with approximate knobs or warts; leaves 5'_-3", petioles 8/3" long, the former 16'-10" broad above, glabrescent, except at the margin and on the midrib beneath; peduncles filiform, about 1”, calyx-lobes during anthesis 3”, corolla 8/-10" long.—Has. Jamaica!, Pd., M‘Nab, S. George at Moorce’s Gap. 12. CG. neglecta, Hook.! Suffruticose, simple, glabrous (except furfuraceous aspe- rities) ; Zeaves spathulate-oblong, bluntish, crenate above, tapering into the short petiole, membranaceous ; peduncles 1-flowered, short, zot much longer than the petiole ; calyx- tube ecostate, ovate, glabrous: lobes lanceolate-acuminate, little shorter than the corolla- tube; corolla-tube broadly-campanulate, as long as or shorter than the broad lips: lobes orbicular, subequal, eciliate —Hook. Ie. t. 8'74.—About 4! high, ascending, naked below ; yugosities glabrous, though ‘‘resinous ;” leaves 5/3", peduncles 2-8", calyx-lobes 3!'—5", corolla about 1” long: the expanded corolla 1” diam.—Has. Jamaica!, Pd., on ‘rocks, 8. Anns in Pedro district, Clarendon in Cave Valley. ‘13. G. clandestina, Gr. (w. sp.). _Frutescent, branched ; branches and petioles rusty- villous ; eaves elliptical or elliptical-oblong, pointleted, serrate above, subacute at the base, chartaceous, roughish, glabrous ; peduncles 1-flowered, twice as long as the petiole ; calyx pubescent : tube obtusely 5-angular, shortly turbinate: lobes long, oblong-lanceolate, acu- minate, as long as the corolla-tube ; corolla pubescent: tube broadly campanulate, thrice as long as the lips : lobes short, rounded, unequal.—Branches naked below; leaves all_g3l, petioles 3'"-6", calyx-tube 2'"-3!, lobes 8! corolla 10’ long, the latter 6” diam. at its throat—Has. Jamaica!, Mids. 1 iz ** Corolla-tube subcylindrical, slightly tapering below its short, infundibular, subequal limb. (Ophianthe, Hanst.) 14. G. scabra, Mart. Frutesceut, branched ; branches and petioles scabrous-pubescent ; leaves oblong-lanceolate, pointed, unequally serrulate, chartaceous, reticulated, scabrous by minute bristles ; peduncles spreading, 8(-1)-flowered, about as long as the leaves ; calyx scabrous: tube turbinate, at length 5-costate: odes ovate, pointed, one-fourth to half as long as the corolla-tube ; corolla crimson, pubescent : tube inflexed, straightish, subcylin- drical, mach longer than the small, roundish, subequal lobes.—Gesnera, Se high ; 7 : H 462 GESNERIACE. leaves 4-14", petioles 2!"-4!"", calyx-lobes 2""-3!", corolla 8!" long, the latter 2!" diam.— Has. Jamaica!, Pd., in rocky, calcareous mountains, Hanover, summit of Dolphin’s Peak. 15. G. Sloanei, DC. Suffruticose, simple; down villous; /eaves spathulate-oblong, pointed, crenate-serrate, and repand, membranaceous, rugose, scabrous, villous on the ribs beneath; flowers fascicled in the axils: pedicels about as long as the petiole ; calyx-tube obtusely 10-costate : lobes linear-acuminate, much shorter than the corolia-tube, at length excrescent, spreading; corolla crimson, slightly puberulous: tude incurved, clavate-cylin- drical, much longer than the small, roundish, oblique lobes.—S/. ¢. 102. f. 1—Gesnera acaulis, Z., Sw. C. hispida, Benth. /—Naked part of the stem 6-18" high, or reduced ; leaves 6-4", petioles 2!"-3!" (-6"), calyx-lobes'3!"-4", (at length -8'”), corolla 14" long. —Has. Jamaica!, all coll., common on calcareous rocks. : 16. ©. libanensis, Gr. Suffruticose, low, simple; down scabrous ; leaves spathulate- oblong, unequally serrate, and repand, membranaceous, rugose, roughish, scabrous on the ribs beneath ; flowers fascicled in the aails: pedicels short, at length excrescent ; calyx- tube at length obtusely 10-costate : lobes lanceolate, acuminate, half or one-third as long as the corolla-tube ; corolla crimson, pubescent: tube incurved, clavate-cylindrical, much longer than the small, roundish, subequal lobes—— Bot. Mag. ¢. 4380.—Gesnera, Morr. Ophianthe, Hanst. Rytidophyllum floribundum, Houwtt.—Naked part of the stem often only 1" long; rosular leaves 4-2", petioles 1/-2", calyx-lobes 3!-4!", corolla 9-10” long.—HaB. Jamaica!, Maef., Lane ; [Cuba!, Haiti !). *** Corolla-tube narrowly campanulate, straightish : limb short, oblique ; reduced stem herbaceous. (Chorisanthera, Doz.) 17. ©. pumila, Wart. Nearly stemless, herbaceous; down jointed ; leaves cuneate- spathulate, blunt, crenate above, subsessile, membranaceous : hairs scattered ; peduncles 1-2-flowered, exceeded by the leaves ; calyx-tube ovate-oblong, subecostate : lobes lanceo- late, bluntish, one-third as long as the corolla-tube; corolla white, “purple at the base,” narrowly campanulate : lobes short, unequal, spreading-erect, rounded, ciliate: the superior. lip equalling the stamens.—Gesnera, Sw.—Root perennial ; rosular leaves 3-13", peduncles 1"-4", corolla 6" long.—Has. Jamaica!, Pd., Wudlschi., on moist rocks, Manchester, ‘Westmoreland. Trise IT. BESLERIEZ.—Embryo cylindrical, enclosed by albumen or nearly exalbu- minous (Cyrtandree). Calyx free from the ovary.—Leaves opposite: one often smaller in the pair (or reduced). Episcia and Tussacia, having been found by Bentham nearly devoid of albumen, would form a passage into Cyrtandrea, which I know no longer how to distinguish from Besleriee. 8. EPISCIA, Mart. Calyx 5-partite, equal. Corolla infundibular, straightish, narrower than the subequal limb: stamens inserted near its base: filaments connected in pairs. Capsule medianicide, —Flaccid, pilose herbs; peduncles aaillary, few-1-flowered. 18. HE. melittifolia, Mart. Stem ascending; leaves elliptical, pointed, crenate, Jong- petioled, glabrescent ; peduncles about as long as the petiole : flowers purple ; calyx-segments ovate-lanceolate, acuminate, about half as long as the deflexed corolla-tube.—Bot. Mag. t. 4720.—Besleria, Z. Skiophila, Hanst.—1! high or lower ; leaves 8"—4", calyx 4!5!" long—Has. Dominica!, Imr., 8. Vincent !, Guild. ; Trinidad !, Cr.; [French islands!, Sieb. Mart. suppl. 14, in moist woods]. 19. B.? subacaulis, Gr. (x. sp.). Stemless, or stem reduced; eaves approximate, spathulate-oblong, pointed, subserrate above, cuneate at the subsessile base: down scattered ; peduncles few-flowered, half as long as the leaves ; calyx-segments ovate-lanceolate, pointed. —Our specimens are in fruit; membranaceous leaves 6”-8”, calyx 3’” long, its segments reticulated, exceeding the capsule—Has. Trinidad!, Or., Las Cuevas. GESNERIACES. 463 9. TUSSACIA, Rehd. Character of Zpiscia, but calyx campanulate, inflated, shortly 5-fid—Erect herbs; co- rymbs wmbelliform, peduncled ; calyx coloured, red. 20. T. pulchella, Recht. Down pubescent ; leaves ovate or ovate-oblong, pointed, crenate-serrate- above the narrowly cuncate, scarcely petioled base; calyx-lobes deltoid, serrate, one-half to one-third as long as the tube; corolla yellow, nearly regular : tube erect, cylindrical, half as loug again as the calyx.— Bot. Mag. ¢. 1146.—Besleria, Don. Episcia, Mart. Skiophila, Hanst.—1' high ; leaves 7”-3”, corolla 16’”-12 long.—Has. Jamaica !, March ; 8. Vincent !, Guild. ; Trinidad !, Cr. ; (Cuba; Panama!]. 10. BESLERIA, Z., Oerst. ' Calyx campanulate, at length globose, shortly 5-fid. Corolla tubular: tube straightish, subeylindrical : limb short, 2-lipped. Stamens inserted near the middle of the corolla-fube : filaments distinct: anthers reniform, with confluent cells. Pericarp baccate, rupturing.— Nearly simple half-shrubs ; flowers fascicled(—single) in the axils. ; 21. B. lutea, Z. Glabrescent ; leaves elliptical or elliptical-oblong, pointed, serrate above, petioled; pedicels longer than the calyx; calyx half as long as the yellow, slightly gibbous corolla: lobes subulate; berry globose—Plum. Ed. Burm. t. 49.—Stem 6-10’ high; leaves 8-4”, pedicels 6’”~-8’", calyx 5”, corolla 10” long.—Has. Jamaica}, all coll., in moist mountain-woods; Dominica!, Dnr., S. Vincent !, Guild. ; Trinidad!, Sied. ; [French islands! ; Venezuela! to New Granada! and equat. Brazil].- 11, COLLANDRA, Lemair. Calyx 5-leaved. Corolla tubular, gibbous at the base: limb short, suberect, subequal. Stamens inserted near the corolla-base: filaments distinct : anthers reniform, with confluent cells. Pericarp ‘‘baccate.”—Stout, nearly simple, large-leaved half-shrubs; leaf-veins costate-arched ; flowers shortly pedicellate, glomerate in the axils. 22, C. petiolaris, Gr. (x. sp.). Down appressed-woolly ; Zeaves elliptical or obovate- oblong, minutely serrulate or subentire, Jong-petioled, glabrescent: the pair equal; glome- rules exceeded by the petiole; sepals lanceolate-acuminate, quite entire, woolly, exceeding half the corolla; corolla straight above-——Leaves 12'-4”, sepals 3’”-5'", corolla 5-8!” long.—Has. Dominica !, Lmr. 12, ALLOPLECTUS, Mart. p Calyx 5-leaved, lax, coloured, subequal: Corol/a tubular, oblique: limb short, subequal. Stamens inserted near the corolla-base: filaments distinct: anther-cells ovoid. Pericarp * baccate.”—Trailing half-shrubs ; peduncles azillary, 1-flowered. 23. A. cristatus, Mart. Pubescent by jointed, flaccid down ; leaves small, elliptical, serrulate, petioled ; peduncles solitary, nearly as long as the leaves; sepals crimson, ovate, pointed, inciso-serrate, often oblique at the base, one-third to one-half as long as the yellowish, pilose corolla..—Jacg. Amer. Pict. t. 180.—Besleria, Z. Prionoplectus, Oerst.—Woody stem rooting ; leaves 2”-1”, sepals 4’’-6'”, corolla 1” long.—Has. Nevis, Dominica}, Inr., 8. Vincent !, Parker ; [French islands!, Sieb. Mart. 161, in moist mountain-woods ; Guiana]. 18. DRYMONIA, Mart. Calyx 5-leaved, oblique: superior sepals smaller. Corolla oblique, broadly campanulate, gibbous at the base: limb slightly 2-lipped: lobes large, erect-spreading, subequal. Stamens inserted near the corolla-base: anthers transversely accumbent: cells oblong, produced at the base. Capsule compressed, 2-valved.—Trailing half-shrubs ; peduncles single in the axils, 1-flowered. an? The character of the anthers is taken only from D. cristata, Mig. 24. D. parvifolia, Gr. (x. sp.). Leaves elliptical, pointed at both ends, crenuiate or 464 GESNERIACEA. repand-entire, puberulous; sepals broadly ovate, bluntish, repand-entire, 2 inferior \arger, semicordate, superior about as long as the corolla-tube; corolla-lobes dentate; capsule ovate, pointed.—Branches thick, 4-gonal; leaves 3”-2”, petioles 6’’-4/”, peduncles 8”’-6'”, larger sepals 14’-1” long, the latter 10’”-12’” broad; corolla-tube 1” long, 9”” broad, oblique in a right angle at the base, equally subcylindrical above : lobes 8’”—5’” diam., partly spreading; capsule 6’” long.—Has. Jamaica!, Pd., in moist woods near Mancha, 14. PTERYGOLOMA, Hanst. Calyx 5-leaved, lax, subequal. Corolla tubular, gibbous at the base: limb short, 2-lipped. Stamens inserted near the corollagbase: filaments connected in pairs: anther-cells transverse, shortly oblong or quadrate. Pericarp baccate, rupturing.—Trailing, branched half-shrubs ; leaves petioled, the pair often unequal ; peduncles single or fascicled in the axils, \-flowered. 25. P. repens, Hanst. Glabrescent; leaves elliptical, pointed at both ends, remotely serrulate above, about as long as the peduncles: one in the pair often reduced; sepals coloured, ovate, pointed, quite entire, half as long as the corolla-tube ; corolla yellow, red- variegated, clavate, inflexed above the gibbous base: upper lip 2-fid, inferior lobes shortly oblong, blunt.—Bot. Mag. ¢. 4250.—Alloplectus, Hoot. Besleria Berteriana, DC. (ex descr.).—Leaves 14-1”, sepals 6’”-4’”’, corolla 16’”-12'” long, the latter 3” diam.—Has. Jamaica!, Pd., Wulischi., Bluefield mountains at 2000’ alt., Manchester; [New Granada]. 26. P. pubescens, Gr. (x. sp.). Villous-pubescent with jointed down; leaves ellip- tical, apiculate, remotely serrulate above: the pair unequal, the larger much exceeding the single peduncles; sepals green or hoary with down, ovate-oblony, pointed, quite entire, spreading, one-third to one-fourth as long as the corolla-tube ; corolla yellow, subcylin- drical, and incurved-erect above the gibbous base: lobes short, ovate-roundish_—Habit of the preceding, but very pubescent; leaves 23/—2”, smaller about 8-6”, sepals 4’”, corolla about 1” long, the latter 23’” diam.: lobes 1’” diam— Has. Jamaica!, W2ls., Portland at 2000’ alt. 27. PB. cristatum, Gr. (x. sp.). Down jointed; branches purple-villous; leaves ovate, pointed, remotely serrulate above the middle, softly pubescent : the pair unequal; peduncles single, as long as the calyx, equalling the petiole ; sepals green, pinnatifid with spreading, long-ciliate lobes, tapering towards the bluntish top, one-third-as long as the corolla-tube ; corolla crimson- and yellow-streaked (in drying), clavate, erect above the gibbous, inflexed base: lobes short, reniform-roundish, subequal, ciliate-—Larger leaves 2-14" long, smaller about half as long; sepals 4/”-5’” long, erect-spreading: their lobes 8-5-jugal, more ap- proximate near the rounded base, passing into a pair of distant serratures above, the inferior oblong-linear, longer than the diameter of the middle part; corolla 1” long, 3’” diam.: lobes 1” diam.—Has. Jamaica!, Pd., Wils., Al., Wullschi., 8. Anns, Manchester. 15. COLUMNEA, L. Calyx 5-partite, subequal. Corolla deeply 2-lipped.: tube narrow: lateral lobes con- nected with the subentire or 2-fid upper lip, inferior lip narrow, deflexed. Stamens inserted near the corolla-base : filaments connected in pairs: anther-cells transverse, shortly oblong. Pericarp baccate, “dehiscent :”” funiculi filiform.—Trailing half-shrubs; peduncles single or fascicled in the axils, \-flowered: flowers large ; stigma 2-lobed in the West Indian species. * Inferior and lateral corolla-lobes difform: upper lip subentire. (Eucolumnea, Oerst.) 28. G. scandens, L., Sw. Softly pubescent ; leaves small, elliptical, bluntish, sub- entire ; peduncles single, shortly exceeding the petiole; calyx-segments lanceolate, acumi- nate, quite entire, one-third as long as the crimson corolla; corolla hairy : upper lip sub- entire, lateral lobes obliquely ovate-oblong, blunt, spreading, inferior oblong-linear.—Jacg. H. Vind. 3. t. 48.—Leaves 1”-1}", peduncles 2’”-6””, calyx 6’, corolla 14” long.—Has. Dominica!, Imr.; Trinidad !, Cr. ; [Portorico! to Guiana). 29. C. speciosa, Pr/. Branches rusty-villous; leaves small, elliptical, bluntish, sub- entire, pubescent or glabrate; peduncles geminate or single, 3~4 times as long as the pe- GESNERIACEZ. 465 tiole; flowers rusty-villous, crimson ; calyx-segments pinnatifid at the base, lanceolate- acuminate above 2; corolla 3-4 times as long as the calyx : upper lip shortly emarginate or subentire, lateral lobes obliquely ovate-oblong, blunt, spreading, inferior oblong-lincar,— Bot. Mag. t. 1614.—O. scandens, Bot. Mag.—Leaves about 1", peduncles 8!—4", calyx 5/6", corolla 2-14" long —Has. S, Vincent |, Guild, 30. C. argentea, Gr. (x. sp.). Softly hoary-sericeous ; leaves oblong-lanceolate, pointed, entire, shortly petioled; peduncles teruate-geminate, twice to thrice as long as the petiole; flowers woolly-sericeous (yellow in drying); calyzx-segments oblong-lanceolate, acuminate, quite entire, half as long as the corolla; corolla 2-lipped to the middle: lateral lobes oblong, blunt, spreading, adnate to the middle of the erect, dluntly emarginate, upper lip, inferior lobe oblong-linear.—Branches thick, leafy ; leaves 5""-3", petioles 3!”-2!", peduncles 6-8", calyx 10” long ; corolla 2" long: tube gibbous at the base, clavate above it, 4!" diam. at the throat, upper lip and lateral lobes 2", inferior 1” broad; stigma-lobes deltoid, exceeded by the corolla.—Has. Jamaica!, Wullschl., Manchester at Nazareth. ** Inferior and lateral corolla-lobes nearly conform: upper lip 2-fid. (Isocolumnea, Oerst.). 81. ©. hirsuta, Sw, Villous with long, jointed down; leaves elliptical or oblong, pointed, serrulate above; peduncles single, nearly as long as the petiole; calyx-segments oblong-linear, acuminate, remotely dentate, half as long as the corolla; upper corolla-lip 2-fid with an open sinus, adnate below the middle to the lateral, spreading lobes: 2 upper lobes ovate, erect, 8 inferior oblong, bluntish.— Br. Jam. ¢. 30. f. 8. St. ¢.100. f. 1: bad. —Leaves 2"-4", peduncles 6”-10", calyx 10/”-12!, corolla 2" long.—Haz, Jamaica, all coll., common on trees and rocks in moist woods; Dominica!, Jr. ; [Haiti!]. 32, C. hispida, Sw./ Pilose with jointed down; leaves elliptical, bluntish, serrulate above ; peduncles single, as long as the petiole; flowers pilose (yellowish in drying); calyx- segments lanceolate, quite entire, about one-third as long as the corolla ;. upper corolla-lip emarginate with an open sinus, adnate below the middle to the lateral, spreading lobes : 2 upper lobes semiorbicular, erect, 3 inferior oblong, bluntish, the lateral broader at the base. —Down shorter, and leaves often more hispid than in the preceding; leaves 5’-2", pe- duncles 4!"-8"", calyx 8", corolla 2" long—Has. Jamaical, Sw., Wudlschl., on shady mountain rocks, Manchester. 3 33. C. rutilans, Sw./ Pubescent with jointed down; leaves ovate-oblong, acuminate, serrate above the base, usually red beneath; peduncles 3-1, often shorter than the petiole ; calyx rusty-villous: segments ovate-oblong, bluntish, pinnatifid below the middle, with a few teeth above it; “ upper corolla-lip 2-fid, 3 inferior nearly conform, lanceolate.” - - Leaves 8!'-23", peduncles 4!-6’", calyx 8-10’ long. —Has. Jamaica !, Sw., Pd., in woods, on trees, Manchester, northern districts. Trise TI. PEDALINEA.—Sceeds exalbuminous :. cotyledons “broad.” Segments of the placente forming spurious (mostly 4) cells by adhesion to the pericarp, leaving an empty space in the axis—Authers distinct: cells contiguous by their base. Ovary superior. . 16. MARTYNIA, Z. Calyx 5-leaved or 5-fid, oblique. Corolla 2-lipped: tube obliquely campanulate. Stamens didynamous or 2. Capsule beaked, medianicide, many—several-seeded : fertile cells 4.— Viscous-pubescent, large-leaved, annual herbs; ai or inferior leaves opposite, cordate- roundish ; flowers racemose. 84, M. diandra, Glor. Leaves long-petioled, sinuate-dentate, all opposite; racemes terminal, subsessile ; calyx 5-leaved; stamens 2; capsule obliquely half-elliptical, much - longer than its uncinate beak.—Jacg. Schenbr. 3. t. 289.—Leaves 6" diam. ; sepals 8! long, ovate, pointed ; corolla 24"-13" long, whitish : lobes roundish, with purple blotches.—Ha. Antigua!, Wullschi., a weed; [Cuba!; Mexico !}. 17. CRANIOLARIA, Z. -Calyx spathaceous, 5-dentate. Corolla salyer-shaped: tube filiform, campanulate at the 466 CONVOLVULACE. - summit: limb slightly 2-lipped, with subequal segments. Stamens didynamous. Fruit “ drupaceous, indehiscent, 2-beaked: fertile cells few—1-seeded.”’—Viscous-pubescent herbs ; leaves opposite, superior alternate ; flowers large, peduncled, solitary in the amils, or the superior racemose. 35. C. annua, Z. Leaves cordate-roundish, palmatifid: lobes dentate-sinuate; corolla white: tube 5-6 times as long as the calyx, and as the diameter of the limb.—Jacg. Amer. Pict. ¢. 166.—Corolla-tube 6-7" long. —Has. Trinidad |, Lockh., in savannahs; [Haiti ; New Mexico! to Venezuela !]. : OXVII. CONVOLVULACEA. Stamens 5(-4), inserted into the sympetalous, mostly plaited corolla. Ovary 2-4(-many)- celled, rarely paracarpous or apdcarpous : ovules of each carpel 2-1, erect. Hmbryo mostly curved, with the cotyledons corrugate, rarely undivided: albumen thin or none.—Stem often twining, usually herbaceous ; leaves alternate, mostly exstipulate ; flowers cymose or single, mostly axillary ; sepals usually distinct ; corolla-limb often repand-entire. The milky sap is drastic: drugs, similar to the Jadap of Mexico, are obtained from several Ipomea, viz. I. tuberosa, cathartica, macrorrhiza, and acetosifolia. The tubers of Ipomee Batatas are the sweet potatoes, cultivated in all tropical countries ; the tubercles of I. repanda also are eatable, while the large tubers of others (except J. fastigiata) are drastic. _ 1. ARGYREIA, Lour. Calyx 5-leaved. Corolla campanulate-infundibular. Ovary 4-celled: cells 1-ovulate ; stigma 2-lobed-capitate. Pericarp indehiscent Climbers; flowers large; ovary i our species supported by an annular disk. 1. A. tiliifolia, Wight. Puberulous ; leaves cordate-roundish, entire; peduncles 1- few-flowered, exceeded by the petiole; sepals leathery, rounded, one-fifth as long as the corolla; corolla abruptly tapering at the base; seeds minutely puberulous.— Wight Ic. ¢. 1358.—Convolvulus, Deser. Rivea, Chots.—Corolla rosy, 3" long—Has. Jamaica !, Pd., along the seashore; Antigua!, Waudlschl., Dominica !, Jmr. ;- [all tropical countries]. 2*, A. bracteata, Chois. Branches hoary-tomentose ; Zeaves cordate-roundish, entire, sericeous-tomentose beneath ; cymes contracted-corymbiform, long-peduncled ; sepals oval- roundish, mucronate, externally tomentose, one-fourth as long as the corolla; corolla serice- ous-tomentose (except at the plaits), abruptly tapering at the base.— Hook. Compan. Bot. Mag. 1. ¢, 3.—Corolla 24” long —Has. Naturalized in Jamaica!, March; Antigua!, Wudischi. ; [introduced from the East Indies]. 2. IPOMGA, L. Calyz 5-leaved. Corolla campanulate or infundibular, rarely salver-shaped. Ovary 4— 6-ovulate: cells 2-4; stigma 2(-8)-lobed-capitate, rarely capitate. Capsule-valves sece- ding from the dissepiment.—Climbers ; rarely trailing herbs. Sect. 1. Catonyction, Chois.—Sepals membranaceous, at length leathery. Corolla large, salver-shaped : tube cylindrical. Ovary 2-celled, 4-ovulate: no cupuliform disk. Cap- sule rupturing at the base, splitting upwards into irregular valves. 3, I. bona-nox, J. Glabrous; leaves cordate-roundish, pointleted, entire or sinuate-dentate “ (-8-lobed) at the auricles; peduncles 8-1-flowered ; sepals unequal, 2 interior oval-oblong, blunt, 8 exterior ovate-lanceolate, terminated by a filiform appendage, one-fourth to one- sixth as long as the cylindrical corolla-tube ; stamens shortly exserted ; “capsule oblong: (* seeds glabrous.” —SI. t. 96. f.1. Rich. Cub. t. 63.—Calonyction megalocarpon, Rich. C. speciosum, Chois. ex parte: Choisy’s diagnosis and many of his synonyms belong to I. mz- ricata, Jacg., a purple-flowered Cadonyction, with equal, mucronate sepals.—Corolla white, nocturnal : tube 3-4! long, 2!-3" diam. ; open limb 4-5” diam.—HaB. Jamaica!, Dist., March; Trinidad}, Cr., [Cuba! and Mexico! to Buenos Ayres!; Pacific islands!; trop. Asia! and Africa !J. CONVOLVULACES. 467 4. I. tuba, Dox. Glabrous; leaves cordate-roundish, apiculate, entire; peduncles 1-flowered, at length thickened ; sepals subequal, ovate-oblong, blunt, one-third to one- fourth as long as the cylindrical corolla-tube ; stamens included ; capsule globose, enclosed by the calyx: seeds puberulous and vi/lous at the hilum and along the angles.—Convolvu- lus, Schlecht. Calonyction grandiflorum, Chois. : exclus. synon.—This species, confounded by Choisy with Conv. grandiflorus, Jacq., is to be compared with I. dongiflora, R. Br., having, as described by him, two glands at the top of the petiole. Corolla white: tube 24" long, 3!" diam.; capsule 1” diam.—Has. S. Vincent !, Guild. ; [Haiti to French is- lands !; Guiana !]. Sect. 2. OPERCULINA, Manzo.—Sepals large, scarious, at length cartilaginous. Corolla large, infundibular or campanulate : tube broad, dilated Jrom the base. Anthers in- cluded, at length subcontorted. Ovary 2-celled, 4-ovulate : no cupuliform disk, Cap- sule rupturing transversely about the middle. 5. I. ventricosa, Chois. Stem pubescent, glabrate; leaves cordate-roundish, mucro- -nate-apiculate ; peduncles few—1-flowered, at length thickened: bracts oblong, deciduous ; sepals ovate, rounded, one-third to one-fourth as long as the corolla ; corolla.infundibular : tube campanulate ; capsule globose, large, thin above the middle, included by the growing, connivent sepals: seeds minutely puberulous.—Convolvulus, Berter. C. grandiflorus, Jacq. (Vind. 3. 7. 69) is perhaps a larger-flowered form of the same, distinguished from Calonyc- tion by the corolla dilated from the base.—Sepals 1”, at length nearly 2" long ; corolla yellowish-white, 24-3" long; capsule 1 diam.—Hasz. Antigua!, Wudlschl.; Trinidad |, Cr. ; (Swedish and French islands !). : 6. I. pterodes, Chois. Glabrous; stem and peduncles often 2-winged ; leaves cordate, pointed, repand-entire or sinuate at the auricles; peduncles few-1-flowered ; sepals ovate- roundish, half as long as the corolla; corolla broadly campanulate-obconical, yellow ; “capsule globose.”—Corolla 2” long and as broad at the summit, opening at nine o’clock in the morning (Cr.).—HaB. Trinidad !, Cr.; [Panama!, Venezuela!, Guiana]. 7. I. tuberosa, D. Glabrous ; deaves deeply nalmatifid: segments 7, elliptical-lanceo- late, pointleted, entire, peduncles few-flowered, at length thickened above; sepals ovate, rounded, half as long as the corolla; corolla campanulate-infundibular, yellow ; capsule globose, large, chartaceous, included by the growing, connivent sepals: dissepiment simple, or at length obsolete: seeds pubescent.—sS/. ¢. 96, f. 2.—A very high climber; tuber “as large as a head,” not eatable ; common base to the leaf-segments 6/’—8" diam. ; corolla 2” long ; capsule 13!'-2" diam.—Has. Jamaica!, Dist., March ; {Cuba! to French islands! ; Mexico ! to Guiana ; East Indies!, trop. Africa]. Sect. 8. Scuizips.—Sepals membranaceous, at length leathery. Corolla campanulate- - infundibular, white. Anthers included, at length recurved-subcontorted. Ovary 4-2- celled, 4-ovulate, supported by a cupuliform disk. Capsule dehiscent into irregular valves. * Ovary 2-celled ; dissepiment of the capsule at length obsolete. 8. E. dissecta, Pursh. (non W., R. Br.). Branches pilose; deaves deeply palmatifid : segments 7-5, elliptical-lanceolate, pinnatifid or sinuate-dentate, glabrescent ; peduncles 1(-2)-flowered ; sepals glabrous, oblong, bluntish, longer than half the corolla or half as /ong, connivent around the capsule; ovary 2-celled; seeds glabrous.—Jacg. Obs. 2. ¢. 28. —Convolvulus, Z. I. sinuata, Ortey—Leaves yielding a flavour of prussic acid; calyx 8"'-10'", corolla 14 long, the latter white (or purplish at the base) —Haz. Jamaica !, A/., Dist., Berter., March ; Antigua!, Nichols., Wullschl., S. Vincent !, Guid. ; Trinidad !, Cr. ; {southern United States; and all tropical countries !]. ** Ovary 4-celled ; dissepiment of the capsule persistent. 9. I. pentaphylla, Jacg. (non Cav.). Branches pilose; leaves 5-partite: segments elliptical or lanceolate-elliptical, pointleted, extire ; cymes lax, peduncled ; sepals ovate- oblong, bluntish, unequal, 8 exterior longer, densely hirsute-pilose below, longer than half the corolla or half as long, connivent around the capsule; capsule 4-celled : seeds glabrous. —Jaeq. Ic. Rar. t. 319.—Convolvulus, Z. Batatas, Chois,-—Exterior sepals 8-10!" their 468 CONVOLVULACER. hairs 2!, corolla 15” long—Has. Jamaical, 4/2, March; 8. Kitts |, His., Antigua |, Wullschl., Dominica!, Imr.; Trinidad!, Lane, Cr; [French islands !, Sted. Mart. 280; Venezuela}, Ecuador !; Pacific islands!; trop. Asia! and Africa !). 10. I. glabra, Chois, Glabrous (or glabrescent) ; leaves 5-partite: segments elliptical- lanceolate or lanceolate, pointed, shortly petiolulate, entire ; cymes lax, peduncled ; sepals oblong, blunt, subequal, glabrous, about half as long as the corolla, at length spreading ; ovary 4-celled—Awdl. ¢.53; BR. P. Fl. Peru, t¢, 118. b.—Convolvulus, Aubl. Batatas, Benth, C. macrocalyx, R. P.—Sepals 10, corolla 14" long—Has. Trinidad!, Cr. ; [Venezuela and Guiana to Brazil and Peru !}. -11. I. quinquefolia, Gr. Branches pilose or glabrescent; leaves 5-partite :- segments lanceolate or elliptical-lanceolate, acuminate, serrate, the middle larger; cymes few(—1)- flowered, peduncled; sepals glabrous, blunt, unequal, the interior longer, oblong, about half as long as the corolla, appressed to the capsule, the exterior ovate ; capsule 4-celled: seeds puberulous, at length glabrate.— Desc. Fi. 6. ¢. 394.—Convolvulus, Z. Batatas, Chois.—Longer sepals 4", corolla 8-9" long.—Has. Jamaica !, all coll.; [Cuba! and Mexico! to Venezuela!, Bogota! and Peru]. Sect. 4, Batatas, Rumph.—Sepals membranaceous, at length leathery. Corolla usually large, broadly campanulate-infundibular, ventricose above the cylindrical base. Anthers included. Ovary 4-ovulate, 2-celled or 4-celled at the summit by a navieular, secondary dissepiment, supported by a cupuliform disk.. Capsule dehiscent into valves: valves usually irregular. * Ovary 2-celled to the summit ; seeds devoid of cotton. 12*, I. Batatas, Zam. Glabrous (or branches hispidulous) ; Zeaves cordate, repand- entire, or sinuate-3—7-lobed ; cymes peduncled, usually few-flowered ; peduncles as long as or exceeded by the long petiole ; sepals oval or oblong, mucronate, one-fifth to one-fourth as long as the corolla, 2 extefior shorter; corolla rosy or white; capsule 2-celled: seeds (immature) glabrous, except a few puberulous lines.—Tuss. Fl. 4. ¢.1. Desc, Fl. 8. 2.545. Catesb. Car, 2. t..60: bad.—Convolvulus, LZ. Batatas edulis, Chois.: but not agreeing with his generic character.—Perhaps merely a form of the following species, transformed by cul- ture. Root tuberiferous, eatable ; longer sepals 5’”, corolla 2/14" long. a. Sepals and ovary glabrous, the former oval; leaves cordate-deltoid, repand or sinuate at the auricles; corolla rosy ; tuber brick-coloured, greenish-yellow within (March). 8. lewcorrhiza. Sepals and ovary glabrous, the former oblong; leaves 5-7(-3)-lobed beyond the middle: lobes ovate-lanceolate, acuminate, diverging, the middle usually broader ; corolla variegated, rosy and white ; tubers white, elongated (March). _. porphyrorhiza. Sepals oval-oblong, long-ciliate ; ovary hispid; leaves of a; corolla white ; tubers purple, yellowish-white within (March). Has. Naturalized in Antigual. Wullschl, (8), and generally cultivated in Jamaica!, March (a, B, y), the Caribbean Islands and all tropical countries ; (origin unknown, but said to be American (4, DC)]. 18. I. fastigiata, Swi. Glabrous (or glabrescent) ; Zeaves cordate, pointleted, repand- entire or sinuate-8-5-lobed ; cymes fastigiate, 12—few-flowered, peduncled: peduncle exceeding (rarely equalling) the petiole ; sepals oblong, mucronate, one-fifth to one-fourth as long as the corolla, 2 exterior shorter; corolla purple (or white); capsule 2-celled: seeds glabrous.—1. cymosa, Mey.! I. stenocolpa, alba, and longipes, Gark./: the latter a form with ciliate sepals like I. Batatas, y.—Root tuberiferous (called wild potatoe in Ja- maica) ; longer sepals 5’, corolla 2" long ; stem twining (while in I. Batatas it is creeping, trailing, or with twining summits). a. Leaves cordate-deltoid, entire, - _ 8. platanifolia, R. S. Leaves cordate-3-lobed: middle lobe longer, acuminate, lateral me or entire.—Convolvulus, 7. I. pandurata, Mey. Esseg.! (exclus. syn. nin.) ._ Has. Jamaica!, all coll. (a, rarely 8), in thickets and hedges ; Antigua!, Wallschl., Do- minica!, Hind. S, Vincent!, Guéld. ; Trinidad ; [Cubal and Mexico! to Brazil !]. - 14, I. sidifolia, Chois, Glabrous; leaves cordate, usually pointleted, entire ; cymes - CONVOLVULACEAE, 469 many-flowered, corymbiform, peduncled : peduncle equalling or exceeding the petiole; sepals oblong, blunt, bluntish or mucronulate, the interior one-third as long as the corolla, the ‘2 exterior much shorter ; -corolla white ; ‘‘ capsule ellipsoidal, usually 1-sceded by abortion : seed pubescent.”—SI. 4.97. f. 1. Bot. Reg. 1848, ¢. 24.—I. cymosa, Lindl. (non R. S.). —Longer sepals 4!"-5'", corolla 1” long, odorous ; capsule “5-valved” (S/.).—Haz. Ja- maica!, Dist., Al., Wullschl., Wils., March ; (Cuba!, Haitil; Mexico! to Panama 1. 15. I. cyanantha, Gr. (x. sp.). Glabrous ; Jeaves cordate-oblong, bluntish, entire or repand ; peduncles 1-flowered, jointed at the middle, exceeding the petiole; sepals oblong, blunt, one-fifth as long as the corolla, the 2 exterior shorter; corolla blue: limb 5-lobed ; capsule ellipsoidal, .2-celled : seeds (immature) pubescent, villous at the margin.—Stem her- baceous, twining ; leaves 4/2" long, 2-3" broad : petiole 10-6”, peduncles 18!"-8"" long ; larger sepals 5” long, appressed to the capsule; corolla “fine-blue” (Pd.), 2"—22" long : cylindrical part as long as the calyx, campanulate part below the infundibular limb 8!-10” diam., expanded limb nearly 2" diam.: its lobes shortly deltoid ; anthers straight; stigma- lobes roundish ; capsule 6" long, 4-seeded: seeds angular-oblong, black: down pale, mar- ginal hairs perhaps growing into cotton.—Has. Jamaica!, Pd., Wudlschi., in the mountains of S. Andrews, Manchester. ‘ 16. I. violacea, Z. Glabrous; deaves cordate-roundish, pointleted, entire or sinuate- repand ; cymes few-flowered or shortly trichotomous, peduncled: peduncle exceeding the petiole, thickish ; sepals oblong-lanceolate, bluntish, subequal, one-cighth to one-sixteenth as long as the corolla; corolla purple; capsule ellipsoidal; 2-celled: seeds (immature) puberulous, “ glabrate.’— Plum. Ed. Burm. t. 98.f.1. Si. ¢. 98. f. 1.—Pharbitis, Boj — Allied to I. variabilis, Chois., which has longer sepals. Sepals 2!'-3!", less leathery than in the allied species, membranaceous at the margin, glabrous; corolla 2-24" long.— Has. Jamaica!, 47. ; [Venezuela !]. 17. I. setosa, Lind/. Branches and petioles hirsute with flexuose, recurved hairs ; leaves large, cordate-3-lobed, glabrous or glabrescent : Zobes broadly ovate, sinuate-dentate ; cymes peduncled: peduncle exceeding the petiole: pedicels clavate; sepals ovate-oblong, blunt, mucronulate, one-eighth to one-tenth as long as the corolla, 2 exterior shorter ; corolla purple, campanulate to the middle, broadly infundibular above it ; ovary 2-celled ; seeds (immature) glabrous.—Bot. Rey. t. 335: corolla not quite, but leaves perfectly agreeing, they are similar to those of the grape.—Sepals 3!"-4!", corolla 2-23" long, often 8" diam. at the summit.—Has. Jamaica !, March, perhaps introduced ; [Brazil]. ** Ovary 4-celled at the summit, 2-celled below it ; seeds bearing wool. 18. I. digitata, Z. Glabrous; leaves palmatifid, usually much beyond the middle: lobes 7-5 (-8), oblong-lanceolate, rarely ovate, entire; cymes many(—few)-flowered : pe- duncle exceeding the petiole; sepals oval, blunt, concave, about one-sixth as long as the ‘corolla ; corolla rosy; capsule 2-celled, except at the summit: seeds bearing cotton-like, serial and terminal wool, glabrous between it.—Plum. Ed. Burm. t.92. f.1. Jacq. Schenbr. ¢.200.—I. mauritiana, Jacg. I. paniculata, R. Br. (Convolvulus, Z., Batatas, Chois.). 1. tuberosa, Mey. Esseg.! (non L.).—Root tuberiferous, “ drastic ;” sepals 4!, corolla 2”—-13" long.— Has. S. Vincent !, Gucld. ; [Haiti and Panama! to Guiana!; trop. Africa! and Asia !]. : 19. I. jalapa, Purshk. Branchlets pubescent or glabrate; leaves cordate-roundish, entire (or “ sinuate-lobed”), puberulous above, Aoary-tomentose beneath; peduncles 3-1- 4 flowered; sepals ovate, blunt, one-twelfth to one-ninth as long as the corolla ; corolla rosy (or “ white”); “seeds woolly: wool long, spreading along the“margin.”— dan. Mus. 2. t. 40.—Convolvulus, Z. Batatas, Chois—Sepals 4!", corolla 4/'-3" long. —Has. S. Vin- cent!, Guild.; [southern United States ; Mexico! to Brazil; Hast Indies !], 20. I. carnea, Jacg. Branches pubescent ; deaves cordate-roundish, pointleted, entire, glabrescent above, puberulous beneath ; cymes spreading, peduncled; sepals roundish, one- sixteenth to one-twelfth as long as the corolla ; corolla white or rosy ; ovary 4-celled above the middle; seeds woolly : wool long, spreading along the margin, shorter and subappressed along two middle lines.—Jacg. Amer. Pict. t. 25.—Convolvulus pareirifolius, Berter.! (Ba- tatas, Chois.).—Sepals 8", corolla 3/'-4" long; marginal wool of the seeds 5" long, as long as their longitudinal diam—Has. Jamaica!, Bancr., March ; [Venezuela !]. 470 CONVOLVULACEZ. Sect. 5. Penrapacty1is.—Sepals membranaceous or at length leathery. Corolla usually small, purple, narrowly campanulate-infundibular or clavate-infundibular, gradually tapering at the base. ,Anthers included. Ovary 2-celled, 4-ovulate, supported by a cupuliform disk. Capsule of Batatas. 21. I. pulchella, Rth. (non Wight, non Bot. Mag.). Glabrous ; leaves palmatipartite nearly to the base: segments 5, entire or the exterior deeply 2-fid, Zanceolate or elliptical- lanceolate, pointed ; peduncles 1—2-flowered, nearly as long as the leaves; sepals ovate- rounded, equal, one-third to one-fourth as long as the cordlla; corolla campanulatecinfan- dibular; capsule 2-celled, globose, much longer than the calyx: seeds pubescent, bearing a little arachnoid, long wool along the margin.— Moris. 1. ¢. 4. f. 5. Barrel. ¢. 319, 320.— I. palmata, Kotschy Nub.! (non Forsk.) : Forskal’s plant has “ 2" long” flowers.—Sepals 2M corolla 6!—-8"” long, capsule 5!" diam.—Has. Antigual, Wadlschi. ; (Brazil; trop. Atrica!, East Indies]. ‘ 22. I. Cavanillesii, R. S. Glabrous; leaves palmatipartite nearly to the base: seg- ments 5, entire or the exterior 2-lobed, eldiptical or élliptical-oblong, mucronulate-bluntish peduncles 1—few-flowered, nearly as long as the leaves ; sepals ovate, blunt, subequal, one- seventh to one-ninth as long as the corolla ; corolla narrowly campanulate below the broad limb; “‘capsule 2-celled: seeds woolly.”—Cav. Ic. 8. ¢. 256.—I. pentaphylla, Cav. J. Bouvetii, Walp. /—Axils producing minute, stipuliform bud-leaves ; sepals 24'”—-2", corolla 18!" long.—Has. Jamaica!, Pd., on the sea-coast, Westmoreland; [Guadeloupe !]. 23. I. triloba, Z. Branches pilose, glabrescent; Zeaves glabrous, deeply palmatifid eyond the middle, (rarely entire, cordate-roundish) : lobes 8-5, elliptical, contracted at the base, pointed, entire, exterior semicordate ; cymes umbelliform(-]-flowered), peduncled ; , Sepals ovate-oblong, pointed, subequal, pilose near the margin, one-third as long as the corolla ; corolla narrowly campanulate below the infundibular limb; capsule 2-celled, pilose, included by the calyx: seeds glabrous.—Sl. t. 97, f.1—I. parviflora, V. Convolvulus Sloanei, Spreng.—Sepals 3", corolla 9!" long. a, Leaves deeply palmatifid. 8. Eustachiana, Jacq. Leaves cordate-deltoid, entire or repand.—Jacg. Obs. 2. t. 36. Has. Jamaica!, March (a, 8); Antigual, Wudlschi. (a, B); [Mexico to Venezuela !]. 24. I. carolina, Z. Glabrous; leaves palmatipartite t6 the base : segments 5 (“7-8), entire, obversely lanceolate or linear, retuse or blunt, often mucronulate, tapering at the base ; peduncles 1-2-flowered ; sepals ovate, blunt, equal, one-sizth as tong as the corolla ; corolla clavate: limb shortly infundibular; ovary 2-celled; “seeds glabrous.”—Catesb. Carol. 2. t. 91.—I. pentadactylis, Chois. I, radicans, Berter.—Sepals 3", corolla 18!" long, the latter pale-pink with a shade of green.—Has. Bahamas (Catesd.), on rocks; Jamaica, Macf., Wils., March ; (Brazil; Hast Indies !]. “8 ? Sect. 6. Xanrurps.—Sepals membranaceous-leathery. Corolla obconical above the eylin- drical, at length ovoid base. Anthers included, at length subcontorted. Ovary 2-celled, 4-ovulate, supported by a cupuliform disk. Capsule dehiscent into 4 equal valves.— Flowers yellow in our species ; leaves 2-stipulate at the base of the petiole. 25. I. umbellata, Mey./ Glabrous or puberulous; eaves cordate, entire or repand ; cymes many(—few)-flowered, wmbelliform, peduncled : peduncle usually exceeding the stipu- late petiole; sepals oval, blunt, subequal, connivent-imbricate, one-third to one-fourth as long as the corolla; corolla yellow; capsule subglobose, 4-seeded: seeds brown-velvety, shortly villous along the margin,—Dese. FU. 7. ¢.524. Mig. Surin. t. 37.—Convolvulus, £. C. polyanthus, 7. 1. mollicoma, Mig. /—Leaves variable, acuminate or cordate-del- toid ; sepals 38"—-4", corolla 1” long—Has, Jamaica], Dist., Al., March, in hedges; An- tigua!, Wadlschi. ; Trinidad!, Sieb. Tr. 339, Lockh., common; (Cuba! and Mexico! to Brazil!; trop. Africa !J- Sect. 7, Pus-capra,—Seeds membranaceous, at length leathery. Corolla usually large, campanulate-infundibular, Anthers included. Ovary 4-ovulate, 2-celled or 4-celled at » the summit: no cupuliform disk. Capsule 2-4-valved to the basa. * Seeds devoid of cotton ; stem usually creeping. fF 26. I. pes-capree Sw. Glabrous, long-creeping ; leaves roundish, emarginate, cuneate- CONVOLVULACEA. 471 truncate at the 2-glandular base: veins pinnate ; peduncles about as long as the petiole, usually few-flowered ; sepals ovate-oblong, blunt, mucronulate, about one-fifth as long as the corolla, 2 ezterior shorter ; corolla purple, ‘gradually tapering at the base; capsule 2-celled: seeds rusty-pubescent.—Dese. Fl. 2. t. 180.—Convolvulus, Z. C. brasiliensis, Z. I. maritima, 2. Br.—Creeping to a length of 100! and more; longer sepals 5!, shorter 4”, corolla 2" long; disk annular—Has. Jamaica!, Dist., Al., March, on sandy sea-shores ; Antigua!, Waudlschi., Dominica!, Imr.; [Cubal and Mexico! to Brazil!, and all trop. countries !]. 27. I. asarifolia, 2. S., Walp.! Glabrous, creeping; leaves reniform, cordate or sub- truncate at the 2-glandular base: inferior veins palmate ; peduncles about as long as the petiole, 1—-few-flowered ; sepals mucronulate, 3 interior oblong, blunt, 2 exterior roundish, half as long, the longer one-eighth to one-sixth as long as the corolla; corolla purple, gradually tapering at the base; capsule 2-celled: seeds (immature) slightly puberulous.— I. urbica, Chois., Seem. Longer sepals 5", corolla 3” long —Has. Jamaica!, Macf., on the sea-shore; [Danish and French islands!; Panama! to Brazil; trop. Africa]. [Y 28. I. acetosifolia, &. 5S. Glabrous, creeping; leaves linear-oblong, cordate or rounded at the base, entire or repand; peduncles about as long as the petiole, 1-flowered ; sepals avate-oblong, mucronulate-blunt, one-fourth to one-fifth as long as the corolla: 2 exterior little shorter ; corolla white, gradually tapering at the base; ovary 4-celled at the summit, 2-celled, below it.—Plum. Deser. t.105. Dese. Fl, 2. t. 145.—Batatas, Chois. Convolyulus repens, Sw.—Sepals 5", corolla 2” long —Hax. Jamaica (Sw.), on the sandy ’ sea-coast ; [Guiana!, Brazil]. 29, I. martinicensis, Mey./ Glabrous (or glabrescent), creeping or twining at the summit ; Jeaves’ oblong, linear-oblong, or rarely oval-oblong, mucronate-blunt, tapering at the base, entire ; peduncles exceeding the short petiole, 1-2-flowered, minutely 2-bracteo- late ; sepals poiuted, reticulated-veiny, 2 exterior larger, elliptical, decurrent, half as long as the corolla, 3 interior ovate; corolla white, externally with bands of hairs between the plaits, gradually tapering at the base; capsule 2-celled: seeds slightly puberulous, g/a- brescent.—Jacq. Amer. Pict. t. 24.—Convolvulus, Jacg. Aniseia, Chois. A. ensifolia and salicifolia, Chois., A. carnea, Moric. !: narrow-leaved forms.—Larger sepals 8!""-10!, corolla 1 long —Has. Jamaica!, Pd., in the great morass of Westmoreland; [French islands! ; Panama!, Guiana !, Brazil !]. 30. I. sericantha, Gr. Pubescent or glabrate, twining above; Jeaves oblong or lanceolate-oblong, mucronulate-blunt, bluntish at the base, entire; peduncles 3(—1)-flowered, exceeding the petiole; sepals oval-orbicular, mucronulate-rounded, subequal, sericeous or glabrate, one-fourth to one-fifth as long as the corolla; corolla strigose-sericeous in 5 broad bands between the plaits, gradually tapering at the base ; capsule 2-celled: seeds glabrescent. —I. sericea, Spreng. (non Blum.).—Habit of the preceding ; sepals 3!"-23", corolla 1” long. Has. Trinidad !, Cr., at Cedros ; [Venezuela !]. : 3 ** Sceds bearing cotton ; stem twining or trailing. 81. I. demerariana, Chois.! Glabrous, twining; /eaves cordate-roundish, 2-glan- dular at the base; cymes corymbiform, 8-4(—1)-flowered, long peduncled; sepals roundish, rounded, subequal, one-fourth to one-fifth as long as the corolla; corolla pink, gradually tapering at the base; capsule 2-celled, included by the connivent calyx: seeds pubescent, included by marginal, lurid wool.—Branches thick, becoming woody ; sepals 8", corolla 3"-84" long —Has. S. Kitts!, E/s., Dominica!, Zmr. ; (Guiana !]. 82. I. macrorrhiza, R. 8. (non Chois.). Glabrous, suffruticose-trailing ; s leaves 5-8(-"1”)-partite + segments elliptical ov elliptical-oblong, apiculate, petiolulate, entire or repand; cymes lax, dichotomous, many (-1)-flowered, peduncled; sepals rounded, 8 interior one-fifth to one-seventh as long as the corolla, roundish, 2 exterior oval-roundish, little shorter; corolla purple or white, slightly ventricose above the base; capsule 2-celled, globose, exceeding the appressed calyx: seeds villous, long-woolly along the margin : wool rusty-tawny, expanded like fringes.—Plum. Ed. Burm. t. 90.7.1. Jacg. Schenbr. t. 37. Convolvulus, Z. I. ternata, Jacg.: a white-flowered form with ternate leaf-segments, sent frequently from Jamaica.—Tuberiferous, variable in the leaves, and the length of the stameus ; larger sepals 5’, smaller 4’, corolla 3-2", seed-fringes 6" long.—Has. Jamaica!, Dist., Pd., Al., Wullschl., March, on rocks, Manchester, S. Anns. i . 472 CONVOLVULACE2. Sect. 8. Exocontum, Chois.—Sepals membranaceous, at length leathery. Corolla tubular. salvershaped : tube cylindrical. Anthers exserted during the expansion of the limb. Ovary 4-ovulate, 2-celled or 4-celled at the summit: disk short, annular. Capsule 4(-6)-valved. 33. I. repanda, Jacg. Glabrous; leaves cordate-acuminate, entire or repand; cymes usually many-flowered ; sepals ovate-roundish, rounded, coloured, oue-sixth to one-fourth as long as the corolla, 2 exterior rather shorter; corolla crimson: tube about 4 times as long as the 5-partite limb, lobes oblong-lanceolate ;. capsule 2-celled below the 4-celled summit : seeds fimbriate along the margin, glabrous on the faces.—Jacg. Amer. Pict. t. 27.—Hxo- gonium, Chois—Root “‘ with small tubers ;” sepals 3/", corolla-tube 14/—1” long.—Has. Antigua!, Wudlschl., Dominica!, Imr. ; [Cuba to French islands !). 84. I. filiformis, Jacg. Glabrous; leaves ovate-oblong, slightly cordate at the base, mucronate-bluntish ; cymes lax; sepals ovate-roundish, with a bluntish point, subequal, one-eighth to one-sixth as long as the corolla-tube; corolla pale-purple: tube about 4 times as long as the 5-fid limb: lodes ovate ; capsule 2-celled : seeds glabrous, narrowly 3-winged. —Jacq. Amer. Pict. t. 26.—Exogonium, Chois—Sepals 1$!", corolla-tube 9/’-12" long.— Has. Antigua!, Nichols. Wullschl., S. Vincent!, Guild. ; [French islands !]. 35. I. arenaria, Steud. Glabrous ; leaves subcordate-deltoid or deeply 3-lobed : lobes lanceolate-oblong ; peduncles 1-2(—“ many”’)-flowered ; sepals orbicular gr ovate-rounded, subequal, one-third to one-fourth as long as the corolla-tube ; corolla crimson: tube 2-3 times as long as the repand limb ; ovary 2-celled below the summit.—Chois. in Mém, Geneve, 8. t. 1.—Sepals 3', whole corolla, when closed, 13-1" long—Has. Bahamas !, Swains. ; [Portorico to S. Thomas !]. Sect. 9. Quamociit, 2.—Sepals membranaceous. Corolla tubular-salvershaped: tube clavate. Anthers exserted. Ovary 4-celled, 4-ovulate: disk annular. Oapsule 2-4- valved. - 86. I. Quamoclit, Z. Glabrous; leaves subsessile, pinnatipartite : segments filiform, pointed, entire or the inferior 2-fid ; peduncles 1—2-flowered; sepals ovate, blunt, mucronate, one-fourth as long as the corolla-tube, 2 exterior-shorter; corolla crimson (or white) : tube 3-4 times as long as the 5-lobed limb; capsule 4-celled: seeds compressed, glabrous.— Desc. Fl. 6. ¢, 415,—Quamoclit vulgaris, Chois.—Sepals 3”, corolla-tube 1" long —Has. Jamaica; S. Kitts!, Antigua!l, Wullschi., S. Vincent !, Guzéd.; [Portorico! to Brazil! ; Madeira! ; East Indies !]. = Sect. 10. Mina, Llav.—Sepals membranaceous, mostly terminated by a herbaceous, filiform appendage. Corolla tubular-salvershaped: tube clavate. Anthers exserted. Ovary ‘A-celled, 4-ovulate, supported by a cupuliform disk. Capsule splitting into irregular valves. 37. I. coccinea, Z. Glabrescent; leaves cordate-deltoid, repand, or sinuate-dentate below, (rarely 3-lobed) ; cymes lax ; sepals subequal, about one-sixth as long as the corolla- | tube; appendage as long as the oval-subtruncate lamina; corolla scarlet, variegated with pr oranges (rarely wholly orange): tube thrice as long as the 5-lobed limb; capsule 4-celled: seeds 3-gonal, rugose, puberulous.—Bot. Mag. t. 221.—Quamoclit, Mch. I. luteola, Jacq. (Ie. Rar. t.35): the orange-flowered form.—Sepals (the appendage included) 3!”-23"" long. a. Corolla-tube straightish, 12!'-15!" long. B. curviflora. Corolla-tube curved, 18!-15!" lone. Has. Jamaica!, March (8); Antigua!, Wudischl. (a); naturalized in Trinidad !, Cr., (a) ; . [Virginia! to Peru!; Hast Indies! to the Cape!]. 38. I. hederzefolia, Z. Glabrous; leaves cordate-3-lobed : lobes deltoid, subentire ; cymes lax ; sepals subequal, one-sixth as long as the corolla-tube: appendage as long as the ¢ oval-subtruncate lamina; corolla purple: tube curved, 4 times as long as the repand limb ; capsule 4-celled: seeds 3-gonal, rugose, puberulous.— Bot. Mag. t.1769.—Quamoclit, Chois. ° I. sanguinea, V.—Perkaps a variety of the preceding; sepals 2", corolla-tube 19/18" long. —Has. Jamaica!, Dist. ; [Mexico! to Brazil !]. CONVOLVULACE, 473 NX Sect. ll. PHarsiris, Chois.—Sepals herbaceous, acuminate. Corolla campanulate- infundibular, Anthers included. Ovary 4-ovulate, 3-4—2-celled, supported by a cupu- liform or campanulate disk, Capsule splitting into valves. * Disk cupuliform, one-half to one-third as long as the ovary. 39. I. cissoides, Gr. Pilose; leaves 5-8-partite : segments elliptical, mucronate, dentate, petiolulate ; peduncles 2—5-flowered : pedicels short; sepals subulate, spreading, exceeding half the corolla, Aispid below, glandular above: ovate base one-half to one-third as long as the linear appendage; corolla white, campanulate at the base; disk cupuliform ; capsule 4-celled : seeds 4, puberulous.—Batatas, Chois. Convolvulus, V.i—-Habit of Schizips, but sepals green, spreading, as in I. Nil ; sepals 8-10", corolla 1 long.—Has. Trinidad !, Lockh., on dry banks ; [Cuba to Brazil !]. 7 AO. I. Nil, Rth. Pilose; leaves cordate-8-lobed: lobes ovate, pointed, entire, the middle usually contracted at the base; peduncles 1-8-flowered ; sepals filiform above a . lanceolate base, spreading, ascending half the corolla-tube, densely pilose below: base about one-third as loug as the narrow part; corolla blue above, (or purple), white below, gradually enlarged from the cylindrical base; disk cupuliform ; capsule 3-celled: seeds 6 or fewer by abortion, glabrescent.—Jacg. Ic. Rar. t. 86.—Convolvulus, Z. (ea Dill. J: 92). I. hederacea, Jacq., R. Br, Pharbitis Nil, (ewelus. synon.) and hederacea, Chovs.—Sepals 8/10", corolla-tube 1" long —Hax. Jamaica!, Mae. ; [United States! to Brazil! ; trop. Africa !, Asia!, and Australia !]. /Y 41. 1. purpurea, Lam. Branches pilose or glabrescent; leaves cordate-roundish, pointleted, entire or repand, glabrous; cymes few-flowered, contracted-umbelliform ; sepals lanceolate, adpressed, hispid below, glabrous above, exceeding half the corolla-tube; corolla violet or purple, white below, (or white), gradually enlarged from the base; disk eupuliform ; capsule 2(—‘3”’)-celled: seeds 4 or fewer by abortion, minutely puberulous.— Dill, Elth. t. 84. f.97. Bot. Mag. t. 1682.—Convolvulus, Z. Pharbitis hispida, Chois. I. glandu- lifera, Macf.!—Sepals 6'-8""', corolla-tube 1 long; flowers nocturnal (Maef.). —Has. Jamaica!, Macf., March ; [United States!; Cuba! to Venezuela Ne 42. I. villosa, 2. P. Hoary-tomentose or sericeous; leaves cordate~3-lobed: lobes entire, lateral roundish, middle acuminate; peduncles 1-8-flowered ; sepals ovate-oblong, adpressed, villous, scarcely half as long as the corolla-tube ; corolla dark-purple, variegated, gradually enlarged from the base; disk cupuliform; ovary 8-celled, 6-ovulate—R. P. Fl. Peruy. t. 121. B.—Sepals 5, corolla-tube 1 long —Has. Trinidad !, Pd., Cr, in savan- nahs along the eastern coast; [Peru]. 43. I. acuminata, FR. S. (non R. P.). Branches pilose or glabrescent ; leaves cordate— 8-lobed: lobes deltoid—ovate-entire; peduncles few—1-flowered ; sepals long, lanceolate- hnear, adpressed, puberulous or glabrescent, often hispid-ciliate at the base, half as long as the corolla-tube; corolla blue above, gradually enlarged above the cylindrical base; disk cupuliform, half as long.as the ovary; ovary 3-celled, 6-ovulate—Bot. Reg. t. 39.—Con- volvilus, Y. I. mutabilis, Zind?. (Pharbitis, Chois.)—Sepals 1", corolla-tube 2! long.— Has, Jamaica !, March ; (Cuba! to Brazil]. : ** Disk campanulate, including the ovary. 44, I. cathartica, Poir. Glabrous; leaves cordate-3-lobed (or cordate-roundish) : lobes entire, repand, pointed, lateral ovate, middle oblong or elliptical-oblong ; peduncles 1-2- flowered ; sepals ovate-lanceolate, long-acuminate, suberect, glabrous, half as long as the corolla-tube ; corolla blue or crimson, gradually enlarged from the base; disk campanulate, including the 8-celled, 6-ovulate ovary.— Bot. Reg. ¢t. 999.—Pharbitis, Chois. Convolvulus pudibundus, Lind?. C. portoricensis, Spreng —sSepals 8"’-10"”, corolla-tube 16””-20" long. —Has. Bahamas !, Swans. ; Jamaica; S. Vincent; [Cuba and Mexico to Brazil !]. 45. I. jamaicensis, Don. Sericeous-pubescent or glabrescent; leaves cordate—3-lobed or cordate-roundish, pointleted: lobes ovate, entire ; peduncles 1-6-flowered : pedicels short ; sepals ovate-lanceolate, suberect, pubescent or glabrous, devoid of bristles, one-fourth as long as the corolla-tube; corolla purple: tube cylindrical below, gradually and slightly enlarged above; disk campanulate, including the ovary; capsule 3-celled: seeds 6 or fewer he - 474 CONVOLVULACES. by abortion, pubescent. — Si. t, 98. f. 2.—Convolvulus tomentosus, L. (Pharbitis, Chozs.).— Sepals 5!-8"", corolla-tube 2-24" long. a. Leaves sericéous or pubescent, chiefly beneath ; calyx pubescent. B. glabrata. Leaves glabrate or puberulous beneath; calyx glabrous.—Dese. Fi. 2. t. 187. Has. Jamaica!, Macf., Al., Wullschl., March (a, B), in canefields; [Panama !). 8. JACQUEMONTIA, Chois.. 2 Character of Ipomea, but stigmas 2, distinct, oval or ovoid.—Twining herbs; cymes long-peduncled ; calyx herbaceous ; corolla campanulate-infundibular ; anthers included ; ovary 2-celled, 4-ovulate: no cupuliform disk. 46, J. tamnifolia, Gr. Pilose; leaves subcordate-deltoid, repand-entire; cymes many- flowered, contracted, bracteolate, peduncled; sepals linear-acuminate, hispid, exceeding or equalling the corolla; corolla blue; stigmas ovoid; capsule 4-valved: seeds minutely scabrous.— Dill. Elth. ¢. 318. f. 410.—Ipomea, Z. Convolvulus, Mey. /—Sepals 6!"'-4!", - corolla 4!" long—Has. Nevis; Trinidad!, Cr.; [French islands!, in fields; southern United States! to Brazil !]. 4. CONVOLVULUS, ZL. Character of Ipomea,.but stigmas 2, diverging, filiform or clavate-oblong.—Corolla cam- panulate-infundibular ; anthers included ; ovary 2-celled, 4-ovulate. Sect. 1, ChavuLa.—Stigmas clavate-oblong. Ovary devoid of a cupuliform disk.— Stem herbaceous. * Cymes contracted, peduncled. 47. ©. pentanthus, Jacg. Twining, glabrous (or pubescent) ; eaves cordate-ovate, pointed, entire or repand; cymes contracted, bracteate, peduucled ; sepals herbaceous, half as long as the corolla, hairy or glabrescent, devoid ef bristles, 3-2 exterior larger, ovate, pointed, 2-3 interior ovate-lanceolate or lanceolate, acuminate; corolla violet, stellate ; capsule 4-valyed : seeds glabrous.—Jacq. Ic. Rar. t. 316. C. violacekus, 7. (Jacquemontia, Chois.: but the stigmas exactly as in the other Clavule).—Has. Jdmaica!, Dist., Wils., March, Wullschl., in hot, dry places; Antigua!, Wullschi., Dominica!, Imr.; Trinidad !, Sch., Cr.; [Cuba ! and Mexico! to Peru !]. ** Peduncles \-flowered or terminated by an umbelliform cyme. 48. ©. ovalifolius, 7. Creeping or diffuse, glabrous (or “‘ pubescent”); leaves oval or oval-roundish, emarginate or blunt, entire; peduncles 1—few(-“7’’)-flowered ; sepals herbaceous, half as long as the corolla, glabrous, 8 exterior ovate, blunt, 2 interior ovate- Janceolate, pointed; corolla small, blue; capsule 2-4-valved: seeds glabrescent, roughish, margined.—Ipomea, Chois.?: but stigmas of the preceding.—Sepals 2”, corolla 4! long; seeds black.— Has. Antigua!, Wudlschi.; (trop. Africa]. *** Pedicels fascicled : peduncle short or none. 49. ©. micranthus, 2. S. Twining, pubescent; leaves cordate-oblong, mucronate- bluntish, repand or sinuate ; pedicels fascicled, as long as the short petiole ; sepals herbace- ous, ovate-lanceolate, pointed, little exceeded by the corolla, subequal ; corolla minute, purple: limb 5-fid; capsule 4-valved: seeds glabrous, rugulose, margined.— Plum. Ed. Burm. t. 94. f. 2.—Jacquemontia, Dox. C. polycarpus, Atk.—Sepals 1}"", corolla 2" long; seeds yellowish-brown.—Has. Jamaica!, Macf., Dist., March, Wullschi. ; 8. Vin- eent!, Guild. ; Trinidad !, Lockh., Sch. ; [Cuba! to Brazil !. 50. ©. jamaicensis, Jacq. Twining, glabrescent ; leaves lanceolate-linear (or oblong- lanceolate), bluntly mucronate, entire, shortly petioled; pedicels fascicled: peduncle usually exceeding the petiole; sepals small, membranaceous, one-fourth as long as the corolla, pointed, 2 exterior ovate-lanceolate, 3 interior roundish; corolla pale-purple or white : limb 5-fid; capsule 4~8-valved: seeds minutely scabrous, margined with narrow wings.— CONVOLVULACE, 475 SI. t. 180, f. 1: the form with broader leaves.—Sepals 1-14", at length 2", corolla 6! long. —Has. Bahamas!, Swains.; Jamaica!, Dist., Wat., Pd., Wils., March, in savannahs and along the coast; [Haiti!, Portorico!]. Sect. 2. SrropHocauLos, Don.—Stigmas filiform.—Stem herbaceous, twining; ovary in our species supported by a cupuliform disk, 51. C. nodiflorus, Desc. Pubescent or tomentose; /eaves ovate, mucronate, repand or entire; pedicels fascicled: peduncle short ; sepals small, membranaceous, ovate-roundish, blunt, one-sizth as long as the corolla, subequal; corolla white: limb repand ; capsule 8-4-valved : seeds glabrous, rugulose, margined with a narrow wing.—Allied to the pre- ceding, but stigmas filiform, as in C. arvensis. Sepals 1", corolla 6!" long.—HaB. Ja- maica!, 4, March ; Trinidad!, Cr. ; [Cuba! to Brazil]. 5. EVOLVULUS, LZ. Calyz 5-leaved.- Corolla rotate-infundibular. Ovary 2-celled, 4-ovulate: styles 2, dis- tinct, 2-partite. Capsule 4-2-valved: valves seceding from the dissepiment.—Stem not twining ; leaves entire ; peduncles axillary, rarely paniculate, 1—few-flowered, 2-bracteo- late, below the summit ; seeds glabrous. 52. E. arbuscula, Poir$ Dwarfish-shrubby, slender, branched, sericeous ; Zeaves small, sessile, lanceolate, pointed; peduncles 1-flowered, racemose; sepals elliptical-lanceolate, one-half to one-third as long as the bright-blue corolla — Bot. Mag. ¢. 4202.—E. purpuaro-ceruleus, Hook.! HE. canus, Spreng.! in Pl. Berter—'-2' high: stem }!"-1" thick; leaves 1/’— 23!", sepals 1”, corolla 2!"-3” long —Has. Bahamas!, Swains.; Jamaica!, Pd., on avid, maritime rocks, Manchester; (Cuba !, Haiti !]. “ §8. E. sericeus, Sw. Herbaceous, cespitose, sericeous; leaves subsessile, lanceolate- linear or lanceolate, acuminate or mucronulate; peduncles 1-flowered, much exceeded by the leaves (rarely equallitig them); sepals ovate-lanceolate, acuminate, little exceeded by the white or pale-blue corotla.—s/. t. 99. if 8. Br. Jam. t,.10. f. 8—Spithameous ; leaves 6-10", sepals 14-2", corolla 2!"-3” long—Has. Bahamas!, Swains.; Jamaica!, Wullschl., in avid sand; Antigua!, Wudischl.; Trinidad!, Lockh.; [Haiti!; Texas! to Montevideo]. . ~ 54, E. linifolius, Z. Anuual, pilose; leaves subsessile, lanceolate (or oblong-lanceo- late), pointed; peduncles filiform, 1(-‘3”)-flowered, inflexed above the bracts, ¢wice as long as the leaves ; sepals lanceolate-acuminate, little exceeded by the pole-blue or white corolla.—Br. Jam. t. 10. f. 2.—l' high; leaves 12!'-4!", sepals 14!"-1", corolla 2-14!" long. —Has. Bahamas !, Swains.; Jamaica!, M’Nab, Pd., Wullschl., in arid pastures ; [Mexico! to Venezuela!; trop. Africa !, Asia! and Australia|]. 7 55. E. alsinoides, Z. Suffrutescent, diffuse, pilose, sericeous or glabrescent; eaves shortly petioled, oblorig-lanceolate, elliptical-oblong, or lanceolate; peduncles 3—1(-5)- flowered ; sepals ovate-lanceolate, acuminate, half as long as the corolla.—Very variable’; sepals 14/"-1'",. corolla 3/’-2" long. —Has. Trinidad!, Lockh., Cr.; [all tropical coun- tries]. és 56, E. villosus, &. P. Herbaceous, pilose; leaves shortly petioled; ovate-lanceolate, acuminate ; peduncles filiform, 3-1-flowered ; sepals lanceolate-acuminate, half as long as the blue corolla.—R. P. Fl. Peruv. t. 258. B.—Sepals 14!"-2", corolla 3!-4!" long.— Has. S, Kitts!; [Mexico to Peru]. ae 57. EB. mucronatus, Sw. Procumbent, cespitose, sericeous-glabrescent; leaves shortly petioled, oval, oval-voundish or lauceolate-elliptical, mucronate; peduncles 1-3- flowered ; sepals ovate-lanceolate, pointed, or shortly acuminate, one-third as long as the white or pale-blue corolla.—E. glabriusculus, Chois. (ex specim. Berter.).—Sepals 1-14", corolla 3/4!" long—Has. Babamas!, Ajalmars., Turk islands; Jamaica!, Baner., March; Antigua!, Wullschi., 8. Vincent !, Guild. ; [Portorico! to Peru]. 58, E. nummularius, Z. Procumbent, diffuse, glabrescent or pilose; leaves petioled, orbicular or oval-orbicular, subcordate at the base, rounded or retuse at the top ; peduncles ‘ 1-flowered, exceeded by the small leaves; sepals oblong, bluntish, half as long ms the white I 476 HYDROLEACES. or pale-blue corolla.—sl. 4.99. f. 2. Jacq. Amer. Pict. t. 260. f. 23. Kth. N. Gen. #. 215.—E. veronicifolius, K#i.—Leaves 2!'—4!"(-5!""), sepals 1", corolla 2!" long —Has. Jamaica!, Pd., Bancr., common in pastures: Antigua!, Wudlschd.; (Cuba! and Mexico! to Brazil !]. 6. DICHONDRA, Forst. Calyx 5-leaved. Corolla campanoulate-rotate: limb 5-partite. Ovaries 2, 2-ovulate: styles 2, distinct, simple, suprabasilar. Curpids 1-seeded, indehiscent, slightly connected at the base by the then 2-partité style.—Procumbent, rooting herbs; leaves long-petioled ; eduncles 1-fowered, ebracteolate. 59. D. repens, Forst./ Leaves cordate-orbicular, repand, pubescent or glabrescent above; sepals oblong or spathulate-oblong, bluntish, xearly as long as the corolla, exceeded by the carpids.—Sm. Ic. Ined. t. 8.—Leaves 6!'-2", calyx 1! long; corolla yellowish- efwhite—Has. Jamaica!, l., Wéls.,.a weed ; [United States! to Patagonia!; East Indies !, and whole southern temperate zone !]. 60. D. sericea, Sw. Leaves cordate-orbicular, repand, silvery-sericeous beneath ; sepals obovate, blunt, exceediny the corolla, equalling the carpids.—Sw. Ic. Ind. oce. t. 10. +—Leaves 12!'-4!", calyx 1 long; corolla white, with purple lines—-Has. Jamaica !, March, in mountain-pastures ; [Mexico! to Peru]. - 7. CUSCUTA, ZL. Calyx 5(-4)-fid or -partite. Corolla shortly campanulate or rotate, marcescent: limb 5(-4)-partite, imbricative. Ovary 2-celled: cells 2-ovulate. Capsule circumscissile, rarely baccate. Hmbryo undivided, spiral.—Twining, leafless parasites; flowers clustered or cymose. : , Sect. Gramuica, Lour., Engelm.—sStyles 2, distinet, often unequal: stigma capitate. ¢ 61, ©. americana, Z. Flowers clustered: pedicels shorter than: the flower ; calyx ventricose, little exceeded by the corolla: lobes short, rounded; corolla campanulate, 5-dentate: teeth roundish, blunt, erect: scales small, included; capsule globose, irregularly circumscissile.— twice to thrice as long as the calyx; stamens erserted.—Pohl Ic. Bras. t. 192.—Leaves 1-2", corolla 8!’-10"" long. a, Stem appressed-pubescent. 8. ciliata, Benth. Stem pilose, stout.—S. pseudococcinea, Jacg. Ic. Rar. t. 209. LABIATA. 491 Has. Jamaica!, Dist. (a); Antigual, Wichols., Wullschl. (8), Dominica!, Imr. (a) ;. Trinidad! ; [Bermudas! and Florida to Brazil}. S. splendens, Scll., occurs in Mr. Wullschlaegel’s Jamaica collection: probably escaped from gardens. S. densiflora, Benth., said to occur in Dominica, is probably a Haiti species. 7*, ANISOMELES, 2. Br. Calyx equal, 5-dentate, 10-nerved. Corol/a 2-lipped: upper lip shorter, entire, inferior 8-lobed: tube included, annulate within. Stamens didynamous, exserted, approximate, 2 inferior shorter: anthers roundish, of the longer 1-celled, of the shorter 2-celled with parallel cells. Stigma-lodes equal, pointed. Nutlets smooth, blunt.—Herbs; whorls axillary or racemose. 25*, A. ovata, &. Br. Erect, pubescent; leaves ovate or deltoid-roundish, coarsely crenate above the base ; whorls many-flowered, distant, inferior axillary: bracts spathulate- linear ; calyx transversely veiny above, half as long as the purple corolla: teeth large, ovate-lanceolate, acuminate.—Jacg. Eclog. t. 86.—Nepeta indica, L. N. amboinica, LZ. fil. Ballota disticha, Z—1'-3' high, habit of Badlota; calyx 5!'—-4! long —HaB. Jamaica !, Wils., a common weed ; [introduced from the Hast Indies !]. &*, STACHYS, ZL. Calyx 5-dentate, 10-5-nerved. Corolla 2-lipped: tube usually annulate within. S¥a- mens didynamous, parallel, 2 inferior longer, often at length deflexed: anthers 2-celled. Stigma-lobes equal, pointed. Nutlets blunt. 26*. S. arvensis, Z. Annual, diffuse, pilose; lcaves ovate, blunt, crenate, petioled ; whorls 6—4(—2)-flowered, distant: bracts none; calyx hispid: teeth lanceolate-acuminate ; corolla purple, shortly exserted.—Has. Jamaica!, Darch, a weed; {introduced from Europe !}. 9. LEONURUS, Z. Calyx 5-dentate, 5-nerved: teeth spinescent. Corolla 2-lipped: upper lip entire, inferior. 3-lobed. Stamens didynamous, parallel, 2 inferior longer: anthers 2-celled. Stiyma-lobes subequal. Nudtlets 3-gonal, truncate—Herbs; leaves usually cut. : 27. UL. sibiricus, Z. “ Biennial,” stout, erect, puberulous or glabrescent; leaves palmatipartite or uppermost entire; calyx glabrescent, about half as long as the corolla; corolla red, pubescent: upper lip concave, tube straight, not annulate, exceeded by the stamens.—Reichendb. Crit. 4. t. 337.—Corolla about 6! long—Has. Jamaica, a weed; Antigua !, Wullschl., 8. Vincent !, Guild. ; Trinidad!, Sied. Zr. 183; (Oregon! to Uru-. guay!; Siberia! to East Indies! and trop. Africa}. 10. LEUCAS, 2. Br. : Calyx 10-8-dentate, 10-nerved. Corolla 2-lipped: upper lip concave, entire, woolly. Stamens didynamous, parallel, 2 inferior longer: anther-cells diverging. Stigma-lobes unequal, superior short. Mutlets 3-gonal, blunt. 28, la. martinicensis, 2. Br. Annual, erect, pubescent; leaves ovate-lanceolate or ovate, obtusely serrate; whorls large, globose, many-flowered, distant: bracts linear- acuminate ; calyx oblique above, recurved : teeth spinescent-setaceous from a’ subulate base, uppermost much longer; corolla white, included, not annulate—Jacg. Ic. Rar. ¢. 110.— Clinopodium, Jacg. Phlomis, Sw. P. caribsea, Jacg.—Whorls axillary, at length 1” diam. —Has. Antigua!, Wullschi., a weed, Dominica!, Imr., 8. Vincent !, Guild. ; Trinidad}, Sieb. Tr. 165; [Haiti to Brazil; trop. Africa! to the Cape! and East Indies !]. ll. LEONOTIS, &. Br. Character of Leucas, but upper corolla-lip elongated, much longer than the inferior, 2K Se 492 VERBENACES. which is equally 3-fid—Whorls Zarge, subglobose, distant ; flowers crimson or yellow ; calyx recurved, oblique. / 29. Ib. nepetefolia, 2. Br. Annual; leaves ovate, crenate-serrate, long-petioled ; calyx-teeth spinescent, unequal, lanceolate linear, uppermost much larger, subulate ; corolla crimson, villous, about twice as long as the calyx —Bot. Reg. ¢. 281.—Phlomis, L. 2!-8! high: whorls abont 2” diam—Has. Jamaica!, March, a weed; Antigua!, Wullschi. ; 8. Vincent !, Guild. ; Trinidad !, Sch., Cr., common; [S. Thomas to Brazil!, trop. Africa ! and Asia !}. 12*, PRUNELLA, Z. Calyx 9-lipped, closed in fruit, reticulated-veiny: upper lip fiat. Corolla 2-lipped, annulate within. Stamens didynamous, parallel, 2 inferior longer : filaments appendiculate behind the anthers: anther-cells diverging. Stigma-lobes 2, pointed. Nutlets smooth.— Low, perennial herbs; whorls shortly spicate. 30*. P. vulgaris, 2. Leaves ovate, petioled; calyx exceeding half the blue corolla: upper teeth distant; filaments bearing a subulate, straight tooth—Has. Naturalized in Jamaica!, March; [introduced from the Old World]. 13. SCUTELLARIA, L. Calyx 2-lipped, closed in fruit, but splitting to the base: lips entire, the superior farnished with a dorsal, helmet-like appendage. Corolla 2-lipped: tube exserted. Stamens didy- namoua, parallel, 2 inferior longer: authers hairy, of the longer 1-, of the shorter 2-celled. Style-lobes unequal. Nuélets tubercled.—Whorls often one-sided. 31. S. purpurascens, Sw. Herbaceous, diffuse, branched chiefly at the base, leaves petioled, ovate, or deltoid, bluutish, few-serrate, floral minute, elliptical, entire ; horls distant in a short, lax, one-sided raceme, 2-flowered (or the uppermost flowers scattered) ; calyx shorter than the pedicel, at length excrescent ; corolla blue, pubescent : tube slender, cylindrical, dilated at the throat, much longer than the calyx.—Variable, glabrescent or pubescent, 5-1! high; leaves 1", calyx scarcely 1, in fruit 2’, corolla 6/’-8" long.— Haz. Antigua!, Wudlschl., Dominica!, Imr., 8. Lucia!, Anders. S. Vincent !, Guzld. ; Trinidad !, Sieb. Tr. 169; [Cubal to Guadeloupe! ; Guatemala!-to Brazil]. 14, TEUCRIUM, L. Calyx 5-dentate or 5-fid. Corolla 1-lipped, deciduous: inferior lobe much larger, Sta- mens didynamous, inferior longer. Nudlets obliquely affixed, mostly reticulated-rugose. 32. 'T. cubense, LZ. Herbaceous, erect, glabrous ; leaves cuncate-elliptical, pinnatifid- serrate with blunt oblong lobes or serratures; whorls 2-flowered, axillary: pedicels about as long as the deeply 5-fid calyx ; corolla bluish-white, about {wice as long as the calyx. —Jacq. Amer, Pict. t. 164,—Stem simple, 1'-14' high——Haz. Bahamas!, Swaias. ; {Cuba!; California and Texas! to Buenos Ayres !]. 33. 'T. inflatum, Sw. Herbaceous, erect, vil/ous, pubescent or glabrate; leaves petioled, ovate or ovate-lanceolate, coarsely serrate; whorls approximate, in a slender, spiciform raceme ; calyx subsessile, inflated-ventricose, oblique, unequally 5-dentate at the contracted summit: upper tooth broader ; corolla light-pink, twice as long as the calyx. —Dese, Fl. 3. t, 223.—Stem 2!-3' high, few-branched; raceme 8"—5" long.—Has. Ja- maica!, Al., Wulischl, Wils., March, in shady places; [Mexico! to Buenos Ayres!; Galapagos ! to New Caledonia !}. CXXT. VERBENACE. Stamens didynamous or 2-5(—more), inserted into the sympetalous, imbricative, usually 2-lipped corolla. Ovary superior, 2-4(—1)-carpellary, 4-8-2(-1)-celled: ovules 1(-2) in each cell: style terminal. fruzé drupaceous, or,.when dry, usually splitting into nutlets. VERBENACEA. 493 Seeds exalbuminous : radicle mostly inferior —Leaves wsvally opposite or whorled, exstipu- late ; flowers centripetal or in centripetal cymes. * In Verbenacee there are less volatile oils than in Labiate, though several are used as aromatic astringents (Stachytarpha, Lantana); Cornutia is regarded as an antidote against poison. This Order affords excellent timber-trees, e.g. Citharerylon and Petitia (both called fiddle-wood), Vitex (box-wood): Avicennia (the olive mangrove) is employed for building purposes, Tre I. VERBENEA.—Ovules erect.—Inflorescence simply centripetal. 1, TAMONEA, dudi. Calyx 5-dentate: teeth distant. Corolla 2-lipped. Stamens included, didynamous : connective of the superior ones bearing a large, dorsal glaud. Stigma capitate. Achenium 4-celled.—Racemes spiciform, axillary, few-flowered. 1. T. verbenacea, Sw. Suffrutescent, branched, virgate, scabrous; inferior leaves small, oblong, pinnatifid-serrate, superior often linear, entire; flowers shortly pedicellate, distant, alternate ; achenium 4-spinose at the summit: spines subuliform, spreading.—Sw. Ft. t. 21. fig. sup.: analyt—Ghinia, Sw.—1'-2' high; inferior leaves 4!’-3!", superior 6"-12"", whitish corolla 3’ long.—Has. Antigua!, Nichols., Wullschi.; [Curagao], 2. PRIVA, Juss. Calyx 5-dentate. Corolla obliquely 5-lobed: limb short, spreading. Stamens included, didynamous. Séigma lateral, compressed. Fruit 2-coccous: nutlets 2-celled or 1-celled by abortion.—Herbs ; flowers distantly alternate, in spiciform, terminal racemes. 2. P. echinata, Juss. Hispidulous, slender; leaves ovate, pointed, serrate or crenate, contracted into the petiole; calyx ventricose in fruit: down uncinate; nudlets 2-celled, muricate, flattish at the commissure: spines distichous, spreading.—S/. ¢. 110. f.1. Jacq. Amer. Pict. $. 9.—Verbena lappulacea, L. P. mexicana, Sieb. Mart. 316!—1'-8' high ; leaves 8-1", pale-blue corolla 2" long—Has. Jamaica!, Wullschl., Al., March, a weed ; Antigua!, Wallschl., Dominica!, Imr., 8. Lucia!, Anders., 8. Vincent !, Guild. ; Trinidad |, Lockh., Cr., very common; [Cuba! and Mexico! to Brazil !]. 3. VERBENA, ZL. Calyx 5-dentate: one tooth usually shorter. Corolla obliquely 5-lobed. Stamens in- cluded, didynamous(-2). Stigma blunt, with a second abortive lobe. Fruit 4-coccous, included.—-Herbs ; flowers sessile, usually smkate. 3. V. urticifolia, Z. Tall, scabrous with scattered, hispidulous down; deaves ovate or ovate-lanceolate, contracted into the petiole, coarsely serrate; spikes filiform, compound : flowers distant: bracts two-thirds as long as the small calyx; connective uaked.—3'—1’ high ; corolla whitish, 2" long —Has. Jamaica !, all coll., a weed; [Canada! to Mexico! ; Haiti !]. 4, BOUCHEA, Cham. Calyx long-tubular, 5-dentate. Corolla obliquely 5-lobed. Stamens_ included, didy- namous. Stigma oblique, subcompressed, with a second abortive lobe. Jruit 2-coccous : nutlets linear, 1-seeded.—Herbs ; flowers 22 spiciform racemes. 4. B. Bhrenbergii, Cham. Annual, erect, slightly puberulous; leaves ovate, coarsely serrate above the base, petioled; racemes slender : flowers at length distant, shortly pedicel- late: bracts about half as long as the calyx; calyx-teeth subulate-setaceous ; nud/ets shortly exserted.—Jacq. Ic. Rar. t. 208.—Verbena prismatica, L. (Stachytarpba, V.)\.—1-2! high ; pedicels 3"", calyx 3”, at length 4”, corolla-tube 5!”, nutlets 5" long; flowers light-purple or violet—Has. Jamaica !, all coll, a common weed; Antigua!, Wudlsehi. ; [Haiti !; Mexico! to Venezuela! and New Granada!]. 2x2 494 VERBENACER. o 5. STACHYTARPHA, 7. Calyz 4-5-2-dentate. Corolla 5-lobed: tube often incurved. Stamens included, fertile 2: anther-cells diverging. Stigma capitate. Fruit 2-coccous: nutlets linear, 1-seeded.— Herbs or shrubs; flowers spicate, in the West Indian species sunk in furrows of the rhachis. 5, S. cayennensis, 7. Shrubby ; leaves ovate, blunt or bluntish, serrate, contracted into the petiole; spikes slender: furrows as broad as the rhachis: bracts linear-acuminate, fesetaceous above; calyx 4-dentate—Calyx 2!" long; corolla-limb 2!" diam., rhachis at length 1 diam.—Has. Jamaica!, Macf., March ; Antigua !, Wudlschl., Dominica !, Imr. ; Trinidad!, Sch. ; [Mexico! to Brazil!]. 6. S. jamaicensis, 7. Axnual, suffrutescent, glabrescent; leaves oval, coarsely ser- rate, tapering into the petiole; spikes elongated, cylindrical: furrows narrower than the thickened rhachis: bracts lanceolate-subulate; calyx 2-dentate Sl. t.107.f. 1. Dese. Fv. 6. t. 692.—Verbena, Z. S. indica, ¥—2'-4' hich; spikes often 1’ long, rhachis 2” diam. below; calyx 2!-3" long; covolla blue: limb 4!” diam.—Hax. Bahamas !, Swaine. ; Jamaica!, Dist., March ; S. Kitts!, Eis., Antigua!, Wadéschl., S. Vincent!, Guild. ; Tri- nidad!, Lockh., Sch.; (Cuba! to Brazil! ; naturalized in trop. Africa! and Asia !]. 7. S. strigosa, V, Annual, suffruticose, pilose ; leaves oval, serrate, contracted into the petiole ; spikes elongated, cylindrical: furrows narrower than the thickened rhachis : bracts lanceolate-subulate ; calyx 4-dentate—l'-2' high; spikes of the preceding, often incurved above, but corolla smaller, diameter of the limb 3!'-2".—Has. Antigua!, Wullschi. ; Trinidad!, Cr.; [S. Thomas; Mexico f]. 8. S. mutabilis, V. Suffruticose, scabrous-pubescent; leaves ovate, serrate, con- tracted into the petiole, scabrous above, pubescent beneath; spikes elongated, erect: fur- rows at length narrower than the thickened rhachis: bracts \anceolate-subulate, spreading ‘ above the middle; calyx 4-dentate, hispid; corolla large, red.—Jacq. Ie. Rar. t. 207.— Verbena, Jaeg.—Stout ; calyx 5!-6!” long; corolla crimson, at length rosy: limb 6!-8!" diam.—Has. Jamaica!, Pd., in the mountains of 8. Andrews, probably introduced ; Tri- nidad!, Cr. ; [Cuba and Mexico! to Guiana !}. o 6. LIPPIA, L. Calyx 2-4-dentate. Corol/a 2-lipped: limb spreading. Stamens included, didynamous : anther-cells parallel. Stigma obliquely capitate. Frat 2-coccous, or the two one-seeded nutlets cohering.— Herbs or shrubs; flowers capitate or spicate. In Zapania, the section of the genus comprising our species, the primary leaf-veins run alternately with the serratures (as in Rhinanthus): the network in Lantana is similar. * Annual, diffuse herbs ; peduncles short. 9, L. betulifolia, 7h. Annual, diffuse-procumbent, eglandular; down scattered, appressed, affixed at the middle; leaves rhomboid-ovate, coarsely serrate ; peduncles axillary, fascicled or single, about as long as the conical-oblong, blunt head, usually exceeded by the petiole; bracts wedge-shaped, abruptly cuspidate: awn little exceeding the small, rosy corolla; calyx minute, 2-dentate, about half as long as the corolla.—Mart. Fl. Bras. 10. ¢. 88. f. 1.—Leaves 1}"~1", heads 4", corolla 4!" long —Han. Trinidad!, Pd., Gr. a weed, in canefields ; [Guiana!, New Granada !, Brazil!]. ** Radicant, herbaceous, or suffruticose plants ; peduneles long. 10. L. nodiflora, Rich. Annual, radicant, herbaceous (or suffrutescent) ; down of the stem appressed, affixed at the middle; leaves spathulate, serrate above, glabrescent: veins obsolete ; heads ovoid, at length obloug: peduncles axillary, single, usually exceeding the leaf: bracts ovate-roundish, cuneate at the base, mucronate (or rounded), little exceeded by the white corolla; calya bifid on the upper, bipartite ou the lower side, little shorter than the corolla-tube.—Sisth. FV. Gree. ¢.553: the European form with rounded bracts.— Verbena, Z. Zapania, Lam.—Lcaves usually 1”, flowering heads 3", corolla 14" long. VERBENACES. 495 ~Has. Bahamas!, Swains.; Jamaica!, all coll., a sea-side plant; Antigua!, Nichols. ; [Bermudas! aud southern United States to Buenos Ayres !;. Spain! and Transcaucasia to the Cape !}. 2 we Jil. L. reptans, Kth. Snffrutescent, radicant below; down appressed, affixed at the middle; /eaves spathulate, serrate above, penninerved ; heads ovoid-globose, at length oblong: peduncles axillary, single, as long as or exceeding the leaves: bracts ovate-. roundish, cuncate at the base, pointleted, about as long as the whitish corolla; calyx bicari- nate-compressed, bidentate, ciliate along the keels, little shorter than the corolla-tube.— Leaves 14"-1", flowering heads 3"-4!", corolla 2!” long.—Hax. Jamaica!, March; An-: tigua!, Wudischd. ; [Haiti to Guadeloupe!; Mexico! to Brazil]. : : *** Prect or diffuse shrubs, aromatic by glands, 12. L. micromera, Sehau.! Shrubby; branches slender, glandular-hispidulous ; leaves small, spathulate oblong or elliptical-oblong, subentire or minutely few-serrate wear the top, strigose above, hispidulous beneath ; heads subglobose : peduncles axillary, as long as the short petiole: bracts oval, little exceeded by the “ white and variegated” corolla ; calyx bifid, shorter than the corolla-tube.—Gardoquia origanoides, Reichend. in Sied. Trin. 86!—Leaves 3!'-6", flowering heads 3!"~4", corolla 14" long.—Has. 8. Vincent !, Guild. ; Trinidad !, Sied.; [Cuba, Haiti! to Guiana!]. 13. L. geminata, Kit. Shrubby; branches virgate, hispidulous-pubescent ; Zeaves ovate or ovate-oblong, serrulate, rugose, scabrous-hispidulous, usually hoary-tomentose beneath: serratures usually bluntish; heads subglobose, at length shortly oblong: pe- duneles 1(-2) in the axils, as long as the petiole or shorter than the leaf: bracts ovate, pointleted or pointed, little exceeded by the violet corolla; calyx small, bifid, one-third as long as the corolla-tube.—Flowering heads 6" diam.; corolla-tube 2” long. a, Leaves pointed, 23-1" long; peduncles 2!'-5!' Jong, equalling the petiole; bracts pointleted. : : B. Lockhartii. Leaves pointed, 2-3" long; peduncles 6-12" long, usually much exceeding the petiole; bracts pointed—Lantana Lockhartii, Don /—The nutlets in maturity separate just as in a: I find no difference in a Brazilian specimen, nor in the figure of L. Chamissonis, Schau. (Fl. Bras. 10. t. 37. iii.), the flowers of which, however, are said to be white. a 5 y. microphylla, eaves blunt, 12-6" long; peduncles 2/’-10"" long, usually exceeding the petiole; bracts broad, mucronate.—Lantana lippioides. H. A. / Has. Bahamas!, Hjadmars., Turk islands (y); Trinidad!, Lockh., Cr. (a, B, vy); (a, Guadeloupe !, Texas! to Buenos Ayres!; y, Cuba! to Guadeloupe!, Mexico! to Peru !]. 14, L. steechadifolia, Kt. Shrubby, strigose ; branches virgate; /eaves lanceolate- linear, serrate, plaited along the primary veins, hoary-pubescent beneath : serratures mucro- nate ; heads subglobose, at length oblong: peduncles long, axillary, exceeding or equalling the leaf: bracts roundish-mucronate, exceeded by the “ blue or rosy” corolla; ca/yz compressed, bidentate, half as long as the corolla-tube.—Br. Jam. t. 3. f. 3.—Verbena, L. Zapania, Pers:—5'-6! high ; leaves 24"-1", flowering heads 4", corolla 2’ long.—Haz. Jamaica!, all coll., along roads ; [Cuba! to Guadeloupe!; Mexico! to Guiana]. 7. LANTANA, Z. Character of Zippia, but calyx minutely 4-2-dentate, small, at length excrescent, and fruit drapaceons: drupe with a 2-celled endocarp.—Aromatic shrubs (rarely herbaceous) ; leaves penninerved, rugose, rough ; heads peduncled, axillary. Sect. 1. Camara, Cham.—Cells of the putamen remote, with an intermediate cavity.— Shrubs, usually prickly. 15. I. Gamara, Z. Leaves ovate or ovate-oblong, pointed, serrate, hispid above, pubescent or glabrescent beneath, about as long as the peduncles ; heads flattish, exinvo- luerate: bracts lanceolate, half as long as the corolla-tube ; corolla yellow, changing into red.—Sl. t.195. f. 2. Dese. Fl. 4. ¢. 304.5 5. ¢. 370.—L. aculeata, £.—6'-10' high ; leaves 2!-4/", corolla-tube 3’” long; drupes shining-black, 3-2" diam.—ILaz. Bahamas}, 496 VERBENACEZ. Swains.; Jamaica!, Al., Wullschl., common; Antigua!, Wullsehl., Dominica!, Imr., 8. Vincent !, Guild. Trinidad !, Seh., Locks. ; (Cuba! and Mexico! to Buenos Ayres !]. 16. L. enooad Jacq. Leaves ovate, pointed, serrate, hispid above, pubescent or gla- brescent beneath, usually shorter than the long peduncles; heads flattish, exinvolucrate : bracts linear-acuminate, mostly one-third as long as the corolla-tube ; corolla yellow, changing into oranye.—Jacq. Schanbr. t. 473.—Leaves 1-83", corolla-tube 4! long; drupes 2" diam.—Has. Bahamas; Jamaica!, March; S. Vincent!, Guild.; [Haiti! to Guiana !]. Sect. 2. CattrorEas, Cham.—Cells of the putamen contiguous.—Unarmed shrubs. * Heads subglobose or flattish. 17. L. involucrata, Z. Leaves small, oval or ovate, blunt, crenate, pubescent, as Mong as or shorter than the peduncles; heads subglobose : involueral bracts broadly ovate, as long us the flowers, interior ovate-roundish, half as long as the corolla-tube ; corolla “Uilae: throat yellow.”—Leaves 12!'-6'"(-3!"), corolla-tube 14!"-2!" long; drupes 1 diam.—Haz. Bahamas!, Swaizs.; Jamaica!, Al., March, in savannahs; [Cuba! to Gua- deloupe!; Panama!]. 18. a. odorata, Z. Leaves ovate or oval, bluntish or blunt, crenate, pubescent, about as long as the peduncles; heads subglobose: involucral bracts ovate-lanceolate, as long as the exterior flowers, interior ovate, half as long as the corolla-tube; corodla “ pale lilac.” —Plum. Hd. Burm. t. 71. f. 2. Jacq. Scheenbr. ¢. 360.—L. recta, Act. L. peduncularis, Anders.!: a form with longer peduncles——Leaves 2"-6!", corolla-tube 2" long; drupes 1" diam.—Has. Jamaica!, all coll.; Antigua!, Wudlschi., Dominica!, Jmr., S. Vincent!, Guild.; Trinidad !, Sieb. Zr. 117; [Bermudas!; Cuba! to Guadeloupe!; Honduras! ; Galapagos !]. 19. L. reticulata, Pers. Leaves ovate, bluntish, crenate, pubescent, usually shorter than the peduncles; Aeads flattish, af length hemispherical : involucral bracts broadly ovate-deltoid, exceeded by the flowers, interior ovate, little shorter than the corolla-tube ; corolla white—sSt. t. 194. f. 2.—L. involucrata, Sw.—Leaves }!-2", slender corolla-tube 3-2" long; drupes rugose, 13!" diam—Has. Jamaica!, Pd., March, Pedro plains; [Cuba !, Haiti!; Venezuela !]. : ** Heads at length longer than broad. 20. L. stricta, Sw. Leaves ovate-lanceolate, ovate-acuminate or lanceolate-acuminate, rounded above the cuneate base, crenate, hispidulous or glabrescent above, hoary-pubescent ", beneath, as long as or shorter than the peduncle; heads hemispherical, at length ovoid- oblong, exinvolucrate: éracts ovate-lanceolate (or ovate), shorter than the corolla-tube, exterior usually larger; corolla rosy-lilac, much longer than the minute calyx.—sv. ¢. 195. f. 4.—Drupes 14!" diam. a. Leaves lanceolate-acuminate ; corolla-tube 2!’-3"" long. B. lilacina, Desf. Leaves ovate-acuminate ; corolla-tube 3!"-4"" long.—Mart. Fl. Bras. 10. 7. 44, A 1. Has. Jamaica!, all coll. (a, 8); [Mexico ! to Brazil !]. 21, La. Radula, Sw. SLeaves ovate or ovate-roundish, Glunt, rounded above the cuneate base, crenate, bullate-hispid above, pilose beneath, as long as or shorter than the peduncles; heads subglobose, at length shortly oblong, exinvolucrate: bracts ovate or ovate-ronndish, mweronate or cuspidate, shorter than the corolla-tube; corolla rosy (or white).—Leaves 1’-2", corolla-tube 2! long—Hax. Dominica, S. Vincent !, Anders. ; Trinidad !, Sied. Zr. 168; [Brazil!]. 22. Lh. trifolia, LZ. Leaves elliptical or elliptical-oblong, pointed, cuneate-tapering at the base, serrate, hispidulous or hoary-pubescent beneath, often whorled, as long as or usually exceeding the peduncles; heads ovoid-globose, at length oblong, exinvolucrate : bracts subulate, shorler than or equalling the corolla-tube; corolla rosy-lilae (or white) : throat yellow.—Sl. t. 195. f. 3.—L. annua, L.—Leaves 5!'-2", corolla-tube 3" long; drupes 13" diam.—Has. Jamaica!, all coll., in the mountains; S. Vinceut ', Guild. ; Trinidad !, Sch., Cr. ; [Cuba! and Veraguas ! to Brazil !]. VERBENACEA. 497 8. CITHAREXYLUM, L. Calyx truncate-5(-7)-dentate. Corolla salver-shaped, subequal. Stamens included, 5, or one of them abortive. Stigma blunt. Drupe 2-pyrenous : pyrense 2-celled or 1-celled by abortion.—Shrubs or trees ; tlowers odorous, white or yellow, in spiciform racemes or spikes ; corolla often villous within. * Flowers subsessile. _ 23, C. subserratum, Sw./ Branches 4-gonal, at length striate-cylindrical ; leaves rigid, obovate-oblong, blunt, glabrous, repand-entire: network of veins prominulous on both sides ; spiciform racemes short, lax, nodding; calyx subsessile, unequally 5-dentate, longer than half the corolla-tube ; fertile stamens 4; “ drupe red, obovate-roundish.”—A shrub, 12/ high ; leaves 3/'-2", racemes 2-8", calyx 14", corolla-tube 2! long —Han. Jamaica!, March ; [Haiti !, in savannahs]. 24, C. quadrangulare, Jacg. (non Schau.). Branches permanently 4-gonal ; leaves chartaceous, at length rigid, elliptical-oblong or elliptical, usually bluntish, glabrous or glabrate beneath: network of veins at length prominulous on both sides; spiciform racemes elongated, lax, nodding; calyx subsessile or shortly pedicellate, sudtruncate, half as long as the corolla-tube: pedicels shorter than the bract; fertile stamens 4; drupe “black.” —SU. ¢. 200. f. 3, 4.—C. caudatum, Sw. (non L.). C. coriaceum, Desf.—A tree, .20'-60! high ; leaves 7-2", racemes usually 6-12", calyx 1” long; flowers white—Has. Jamaica !, March, Wils., in savaunahs along the coast; Antigua!, Wudlschl., Dominica !, Imr., 8. Lucia!, Anders., S. Vincent !, Guild. ; [Guadeloupe!; Guiana !]. 25. ©. cinereum, LZ. Branches 4-gonal, at length striate-cylindrical ; leaves char- taceous, at length rgid, elliptical-oblong, lanceolate-oblong, or elliptical, usually blunt, glabrous or glabrate beneath: network of veins at length prominulous on both sides ; spiciform racemes elongated, lax, nodding ; ca/yx subsessile, wnequally lobed at the summit, half as long as the corolla-tube ; fertile stamens 4(-5) ; drupe subglobose, red, at length black —Jaeg. Amer. Pict. t.178.—A tree, 15'-20' high ; leaves 6-2", racemes usually 6"-10", calyx 13! long; flowers white— Han. Jamaica!, Wils., Dist., March, in savau- nahs; Trinidad !, Cr. ; [Cuba! to Martinique]. ** Pedicels longer than or as long as the bracts. 26. C. lucidum, Cham., Schlecht.! Branches 4-gonal, at length cylindrical ; leaves membranaceous, at length chartaceous, elliptical-oblong, lanceolate-oblong, or elliptical, ustally bluntish, glabrous, shining-polished above ; racemes slender, lax, slightly nodding : pedicels often as long as the calyx; calyx subtruncate, two-thirds as long as the corolla- tube; stamens 4(-5); drupe subglobose, black —C. quadrangulare, Schau. ! ex Sieb. Mart. 156. C. livigatum, Hostm. Pl. Exsice. ! C. caudatum, Seem. Panam. !—A tree; leaves 5/2", racemes 2-5", calyx 14!"-1", corolla-tube 2"”-13" long ; flowers white; drupe,3/” diam.—Hasz. Jamaica!, Waudlschl., rare; [Cuba! to Martinique!; Mexicol!, Panama!, Guiana !]. 27. GC. surrectum, Gr. (x. sp.). Branches 4-gonal, early striate-cylindrical ; leaves chartaceous, at length leathery, oblong-lanceolate or elliptical-oblong, bluntish, glabrous, shining-polished above, archveined beneath; racemes single, slender, nodding, in fruit erect: pedicels shorter than the calyx, longer than the bract ; calyx subtruncate, as long as the corolla-tube; stamens 4; drupe subglobose, black.—-Allied to C. pentandrum, Vent., which has permanently 4-gonal branches, and is hairy. Leaves 6-2", racemes 6-2", calyx 2" long ; corolla-tube as loug as the puberulous limb, densely hispid within ; drupe 4! diam.—Haz. Jamaica!, M‘Nab, March, Port Royal; Antigua!, Wullschl. 98. C. caudatum, L. Branches obsoletely 4-gonal, early striate-cylindrical ; leaves chartaceous, at length leathery, elliptical-oblong or obloug, d/untish, glabrous, polished above, archveined heneath; racemes often compound at the base, r2gid, erect: pedicels. approximate, shorter than the calyx, spreading; calyz campanulate, subtruncate, one-half to two-thirds as long as the corolla-tube ; stamens 4; drupe ovoid-oblong, black.— Br. Jam.. 2. 28.7. 2.—A shrub, 10'-12' high (P. Br.); leaves 5-3", racemes 8’—4!, calyx 14", 498 VERBENACES. drupe 4” long; cotolla-limb puberulous—Has. Jamaica!, all coll., in bigh mountains, 8. Thomas i. V. 29. C. Berterii, Spreng. Branches obsoletely 4-gonal, early striate-cylindrical ; leaves chartaceous, lanceolate or oblong-lanceolate, acuminate, glabrous, polished above, archveined beneath; racemes compound at the base, slender, erect, lateral ascending: pedicels numerous, as long as the calyx ; calyx obconical, minutely denticulate-repand, one- half to two-thirds as long as the corolla-tube ; stamens 4; drupe obovoid-globose, black.— Leaves 5-8" long, 12!-6 broad; racemes 5/~8", calyx 2/"-1", drupe 3” long; flowers scarcely half as long as in the preceding: corolla-limb ciliate, glabrous on the back; anthers ovoid-roundish.— Ha. Jamaica!, Macf.: [Cuba!]. 9. DURANTA, Z. Calyx 5-dentate, at length enlarged, enclosing the drupe. Corolla salver-shaped :- limb slightly unequal. Stamens didynamous, included. Stigma blunt. Drupe 4-pyrenous with 2-celled pyrene, or endocarp at length 8-celled—Shrubs ; flowers d/ue, in compound (or simple) racemes ; corolla-tube exserted, pubescent at the- throat. 30. D. Plumieri, Jacq. Leaves chartaceous, elliptical-lanceolate, elliptical, or obovate- roundish ; calyx tubular: teeth mucrouate or subulate: limb produced into a beak above .tthe included, globose drupe; corodla-tube shortly exserted—Br. Jam. t. 29. f.1. Jacq. Amer, Pict. t.179. Dese. Fl. 7. ¢. 488.—D. Ellisia, Jacg. Hllisia acuta, L—A shrub, 6'-15' high, unarmed or spiny; leaves serrate or entire, whorled or opposite, glabrous or pubescent ; corolla-tube 4!"—3"" long—Has. Bahamas!, Swans. ; Jamaica!, all coll., in savannahs and sunny places; Antigua!, Wudlschl., Dominica!, Imr., 8. Vincent !, Guild. ; Trinidad !, Sch., Cr. ; [Cuba! and Mexico! to Brazil]. . 10. PETREA, L. Calyz coloured: limb double, exterior large, 5-partite, excrescent in fruit, at length scarious, reticulated-veiny, interior minute, 5-dentate. Corolla infundibular. Stamens 4, included. Stigma blunt. Achenium 2(-1)-celled, 1-seeded by abortion of the ovule of the second cell.— Woody, scabrous plants, usually climbing ; flowers blue, in lax racemes: pedicels clavate at the summit. 31. P. volubilis, Jacg. Climbing ; leaves rigid, elliptical or elliptical-oblong, rounded at the base, shining above: petiole.very short; raceme terminal, elongated : pedicels con- tinuous with the calyx ; calyx-tube smooth, scabrous, one-fourth to one-half as long as the pedicel, in fruit one-third to one-fourth as long as the spathulate-oblong or oblong-linear exterior lobes; corolla included.—Jacg. Amer. Pict. t. 178.—Leaves 2!'-5", calyx-tube 3/'-2", exterior lobes at length 10'"-6” long.—Haz. S. Kitts], Antigua!, Waullschl., Do- minica!, Find., S. Lucia !, Anders., S. Vincent !, Guild., in woods ; Trinidad !, Sied.; [Cuba to Martinique !, Sied. Mart. 157; Veraguas ! to Brazil]. 32. PB. arborea, Kth. Arborescent; leaves rigid, elliptical-oblong or lanceolate- \ oblong, minutely rounded at the base, shining above: petiole very short ; racemes axillary, nodding: pedicels continuous with the calyx; calyx-tube smooth, densely hispidulous, as long as or two-thirds as long as the pedicel, in truit one-fourth as long as the spathulate exterior lobes; corolla included.—Schauer’s description disagrees by longer pedicels, but E. Otto’s specimen (quoted by him) is identical with our plant. A tree or shrub; leaves 3/5"(—7"), calyx-tube 2”, exterior lobes at length 9""-7"" long—Haz, Trinidad!, Lockh., Cr. ; (Mexico !, Guatemala!, Venczuela!, Peru]. Trips VW. VITICEA.—Ovules suspended.—Flowers cymose. 1]. CALLICARPA, Z. Calyx 4(-5)-dentate, rarely 4-fid. Corolla shortly infundibular, equal. Stamens 4(-5), exserted. Stigma thickish, cmarginate, with the lobes subtruncate. Drupe 4-pyrenous : VERBENACEA. 499 pyrene 1-seeded.—Leaves simple: down stellate ; glands minute, sessile, shining ; cymes dichotomous, axillary : flowers small, often polygamous. 7 38, ©. ferruginea, Sw. Shrubby; branches tomentose; Jeaves lan¢eolate-oblong, acuminate, tapering into the petiole, serrate, densely glandular beneath, usually almost glabrate: scurfy down persistent on the midrib (or on all veins) ; cymes many-flowered, as long as or exceeding the petiole; calyx glabrescent, glandular, 4-mucronate-truncate, half as loug as the bluish-white corolla; drupe subglobose, red.—4'-6’ high; leaves 6-3", calyx 1” long; drupes 2" diam.—Has. Jamaica}, Macf., Pd., Hartw., M‘Nab, in moun- tain-woods, Port Royal; [Cuba !]. 34, ©. reticulata, Sw. Shrubby; branches white-tomentose; eaves elliptical or oblong, bluntish, rounded at the base, subentire, powdery or glabrate and rugose above, white-tomentose beneath with the network of veins prominent ; cymes many-flowered, half as long or as long as the leaves ; calyx white-tomentose, with bluntish teeth, half as long as the powdery corolla, enlarged and splitting around the globose, powdery drupe—Leaves 20-12", calyx 1” long ; drapes 14” diam.—Haz. Jamaica, Wright ; [Cuba!). / 12, HGIPHILA, Jacq. Flowers mostly diceciously polygamous. Calyx shortly dentate or lobed or truncate. Corolla salver-shaped or infundibular, subequal: tube slender, usually exserted : lobes 4(-5). Stamens 4(-5), equal, in g exserted. Stegma bifid: lobes hair-shaped or linear, pointed, in 2 exserted. Drupe at length 4-pyrenous, or 3-l-pyrenous by abortion: pyrene 1- seeded.— Woody plants ; leaves simple, subentire, glandular beneath: petiole jointed near the base ; cymes trichotomous or contracted, axillary or paniculate-terminal. * Cymes few-flowered, all axillary. 35. A. trifida, Sv. Branches cylindrical, glabrate ; leaves leathery, elliptical-lan- ceolate, pointleted, s/iming-glabrous, taperiny into the short petiole ; cymes axillary, con- tracted, usually 3-flowered: peduucle as long as or twice as long as the petiole ; calyx leathery, clavate-cylindrical, much longer than the pedicel, 4-dentate, at length splitting; corolla whitish : lobes lanceulate; drupe ovoid-oblong, included by the cupulate, thickened calyx.—A_ shrub; leaves 24-4", calyx 2, in fruit 4!", corolla-tube 4!", lobes 2” long.— Has. Jamaica!, Macf., Pd., in the mountains of Port Royal. 36. A. foetida, Sw. Branches cylindrical, densely pilose and glandular ; leaves char- taceous, oblong, bluntish, glabrescent, pilose on the midrib beneath, rounded at the shortly, petioled base ; cymes reduced into a subsessile, 3-flowered glomerule, axillary or opposite along subaphyllous branchlets; calyx hispid, membranaceous, obconical-campanulate, trun- cate-4-mucronate, much shorter than and lax around the corolla-tube ; corolla yellowish : lobes lanceolate ; drupe ovoid-oblong, twice as long as the cupulate, thickened calyx.—A slender or low shrub with narcotic smell: all our specimens are 9; leaves 2!—4", calyx 14", filiform corolla-tube 6!"—8!", lobes 3’, red drupe 4’ long.—HaB. Jamaica!, A/., Pd., Dist., March, in stony mountains, $. Anns. ** Cymes many-flowered, axillary, or all opposite in the panicle. , 37. A. arborescens, V. Branches 4-gonal, sericeous ; leaves chartaceous, obovate- oblong, pointed, glabrescent above, appressed-puberulous beneath, long-tapering into the petiole ; cymes many-flowered, contracted-corymbose, axillary, shortly peduncled or sub- sessile, or uppermost opposite in a pyramidal panicle; calyz sericeous, clavate-infundsbular, 4-dentate, upper part lax around the corolla-tube; corolla whitish: lobes lanceolate; drupe “obovate, included by the calyx.”—-Jacg. Amer. Pict. t. 259. f. 6: the g flower. Audi. #, 24.—Manabea, Audl. Callicarpa integrifolia, Jacg.—A low tree, about 12! high; leaves 12/'-4" long, distantly archveined beneath ; calyx 3-4, corolla-tube 4!"_6!", lobes aig long; drupe “ size of a pea, green, yellow at the base.” —Has. Trinidad !, Loekh., Cr., uni- versal on abandoned Jand; [Venézucla, Guiana!, cquat. Brazil !, Peru !]. *#* Cymes many-flowered, trichotomous, ultimate terminal. 38. A. levis, 7. Branches subcylindrical, glabrate; /eaves chartaceous, elliptical- 500 VERBENACEA. oblong or elliptical, pointed at both ends, glabrescent ; cymes trichotomous, corymbiform, most terminal on short branchlets; calya membranaceous, glabrous, infundibular above a hemispherical base, repand-entire, lax around the twice as long corolla-tnbe ; corolla “ yel- low,” infundibular: lobes ovate-lanceolate ; drupe “ oblong.” —Awd/. ¢. 25. Manabea, 4ud/. —A shrab, confounded with the two following species, distinguished by smaller leaves and the calyx. Leaves 1/'-2"(-4"), calyx in flower 1!", corolla-tube 2", lobes 13!” long.—Haz. Trinidad !, Zockh., Cr., on hilly, abandoned land; [Venezuela!, Guiana!]. 39. A. martinicensis, Z. Branches 4-gonal or subcylindrical, glabrate; leaves chartaceous, large, lanceolate-oblong or ovate-lanceolate, acuminate or pointleted, acute at ° the base, glabrous; cymes trichotomous, corymbiform, terminal or in a terminal panicle ; calyx membranaceous, glabrous, turbinate-infundibular, acute at the base, truncate, lax around the twice as long corolla-tube ; corolla “ white,” infundibular: lobes ovate, blunt ; drupe ovoid-globose, thrice as long as the spreading calyx.—Lam. Ill. ¢. 70. f. 1—A. glabra, Zam. A. Manabea, Sw. (erclus. syn. Aubl.).—A shrub; leaves 8"—4", calyx 1", corolla-tube 2!-23!", lobes 1, red drupe 4!-6" long.—Has. Jamaica (Sw.) ; Antigua, Wullschl., Dominica!, Imr., 8. Vincent!, Guild.; Trinidad!, Sted. Tr. 85; [Cuba and Panama! to Guiana !]. ¥ 40. A. elata, Sw. Branches subcylindrical, glabrate; eaves leathery, ovate-oblong, with a bluntish point, bluntish or rounded at the base, glabrous: petiole thickish at the persistent base; cymes trichotomous, corymbiform, most terminal or paniculate; calyx herbaceous, turbinate-infundibular, acute at the base or subconstricted above it, shortly 4-/obed, lax around the twice as long corolla-tube; corolla “yellowish :” lobes oblong, blunt, spreading ; drupe subglobose, twice as long as the cupulate calyx. Br. Jam. ¢. 3. J. 3.—An erect or scandent shrub, 20'-6' high ; leaves 6"-3!"(-8"), calyx 14!"-2"", corolla- tube 3/4!" lobes 2!" long ; drupe yellow, 4! diam.—Hax. Jamaica}, all coll., common; Trinidad !, Cr. ; [Cuba! to Guiana! and equat. Brazil]. 2 18. CLERODENDRON, Z. (Volkameria, Ovieda, Siphonanthus, Z.) Calyx 5-fid or 5-dentate, rarely truncate. Corolla salver-shaped or infundibular : tube ' slender: lobes 5, slightly unequal. Stamens 4, exserted, unequal, Stigma shortly bifid : lobes pointed. Drupe of Algiphila, or pyrene cohering in pairs.—Leaves simple : petiole jointed near the base ; cymes trichotomous or contracted. ‘ 41. ©, aculeatum, Gr. Branches rusty-puberulous, armed with short, subconical, spreading spines, left by the fallen-off petioles ; Zeaves chartaceous, glabrescent, elliptical or elliptical-lanceolate, entire, tapering into the petiole; cymes axillary, peduncled, 7-3- flowered: pedicels spreading ; calyx shortly 5-fid, much shorter than the corolla: lobes ovate, deltoid ; corolla-lobes oblong, about one-third as long as the tube; drupe globose, 2-pyrenous: pyrene 2-celled.—S/. ¢. 166. 7. 2, 3. Br. Jam. ¢. 80. f.2. Jacg. Amer. Pret. t. 177.—Volkameria, Z.—A shrub, 5!-12! high ; spines 1!"-2’”, ‘leaves 2/1", calyx 14", corolla-tube 8!'-10" long ; flowers white, long-exserted stamens purple.—Has. Ja- maica!, Macf, Pd., March, common in gravelly soil; S. Kitts!, Antigna!, Nichols., Wullscht., Dominica!, Finl., Imr., 8. Vincent !, Guild. ; [Cuba! to Guiana !, equat. Brazil]. 7 42%. C. fragrans, W. Pubescent, unarmed ; Jeaves ovate-deltoid, unequally dentate, long-petioled ; cyme terminal, subsessile, contracted ; calyx 5-fid, little exceeded by the corolla-tube : lobes lanceolate-acuminate; corolla-lobes obovate-roundish.— Vent. Malm. #. 70.—Volkameria japonica, Jacg.—A shrub; flowers rosy, usually double in the natura- lized plant.—Has. Naturalized in Antigua!, WudiscAl. ; [and from Cuba! to Brazil, intro- duced from China]. 43*, ©, Siphonanthus, 2. Br. Suffruticose, erect, glabrous; Jeaves whorled, oblong- linear or lanceolate, acuminate, entire, subsessile ; cymes in a large, lax, terminal panicle : pedicels spreading ; calyx deeply 5-fid, much shorter than the filiform, curved corolla-tube : lobes ovate, pointed; corolla-lobes obovate and oblong, ahout one-eighth as long as the tube; drupe globose, shining.—LZam. Ill, t. 79. f. sup—c. longicolle, Mey. Ovieda mitis, L. Siphonanthus indiens, £.—Leaves 10"-3" long; corolla white: tube 3-4" long: drupe VERBENACEZ, 501 4!" diam.— Has. Naturalized in S. Kitts!, Trinidad !, Cr, [and Guiana!, introduced from the East Indies]. 14. AMASONIA, ZL. fil. Character of Clerodendron, but short corolla-limb 2-lipped.—Stem simple, suffruticose ; most leaves scattered ; cymes subsessile, few(-1)-flowered, in a simple raceme ; corolla yellow: tube clavate. , ; 44. A. erecta, Z. Stem hispidulous; leaves flaccid, spathulate-oblong or clliptical- oblong, unequally serrate or repand, long-tapering towards the subsessile base: down flaccid, disappearing ; calyx one-third as long as the corolla: lobes ovate-lanceolate, acuminate : sinus not plaited.—Aubl. t. 252.—Tachigalea campestris, dubl. A. punicea, Schau. (non V.).—1}'-3!' high ; floral leaves coloured, elliptical, often as long as the 3-flowered cymes ; calyx 4!", corolla 1" long—Has. Trinidad!, all coll., in savannahs; [Venezuela! to Brazil !. 45, A. punicea, V. Stem rigid, hispidulous; leaves somewhat rigid, obovate-oblong or spathulate-oblong, unequally dentate or dentate-repand, tapering at the base: down hispidulous or disappearing ; cymes 3—1-flowered; ca/yx one-fourth as long as the corolla: lobes subulate-mucronate: tube shortly plaited at the sinus—14'-2! high, subaphyllous above the middle; floral leaves obovate or spathulate-lanceolate, about as long as the pedicels ; calyx 3!, corolla 1” long: calyx-lobes passing abruptly into a half as long, ciliate point—Has. Trinidad !, Sch., Cr., in savannahs, Piarco, 15. CORNUTIA, Z. Calyx 4-5-dentate-repand. Corolla 2-lipped: upper-lip subentire, inferior 3-lobed. Stamens 2, fertile, shortly exserted: anthers didymous. Stigma emarginate : lobes bluntish. Drupe with the endocarp 4-celled, or 8-1-celled by abortion, perforated in the axis—Fra- grant shrubs; leaves simple ; cymes dichotomous, in a large, racemiform panicle: flowers blue. 46. G. pyramidata, LZ. Puberulous; branches virgate, sharply 4-gonal; leaves broadly elliptical, apiculate, cuneate at the base, hoary subtomentose beneath ; calyx cupuli- form, subtruncate, ¢omentose: teeth minute or obsolete; corolla puberulous, much longer than the calyx: tube clavate-cylindrical ; style included ; drupe puberulous, glabrescent.— Plum, Ed. Burm. t. 106. 7. 1.—Leaves 3"'-5", calyx 3, light-blue corolla 6” long.—Has. Dominica!, Jmr., S. Lucia!, Anders., 8. Vincent !, Gudld.; [Haiti! to French islands }, Sieb. Mart. 158}. 47, ©. punctata, 7. Branches 4-gonal, glabrescent ; Jeaves broadly elliptical, with a bluntish point, cuneate at the base, glabrescent, glandular-dotted and pubescent on the primary ribs beneath; calyx cupuliform, subtruncate, puderulous: teeth 4-2, distant, inferior larger ; corolla puberulous : tube cylindrical, 3-4 times as long as the calyx, twice as long as the lower lip ; style erserted ; drupe rugose, glandular-powdery.—Jacg. Schanbr. #114. Hosta exruled, Jacg.—Leaves 4'-2", calyx 3!", corolla (the lips included) 4” long. —Has. Jamaica !, March, Wullschi. 16. PETITIA, Jacg. Calyx 4-dentate. Corolla shortly salver-shaped, 4-lobed, equal. Stamens 4, equal, sub- included or shortly exserted. Stigma in @ shortly bifid with filiform lobes, in & thin, emarginate. Drupe with the endocarp 4-celled, or 2-celled by abortion, perforated in the’ axis.—Trees or shrubs; leaves entire, reticulated-veiny beneath, \-foliolate: the petiole jointed above ; cymes in trichotomous, axillary panicles: flowers small, polygamous. 48. P. domingensis, Jacg. Leaves elliptical or elliptical-oblong, pointed, powdery- tomentose beneath with rusty down ; panicles as long as or shorter than the leaves ; corolla- tube as long as the calyx or shortly exserted ; drupe obovoid or subglobose, small, 2-celled by abortion —Jacg. Amer. Pict. t. 259. f. 5: a leaf—Citharexylum melanocardium, Sw. Premna reticulata, Juss. Callicarpa ampla, Schau. sec. Magf.: but in Schauer’s description 502 MYOPORINES. the anthers of his plant are said to be long-exserted.—A tree (or shrub) ; leaves 6-3"; petioles 2"-1", calyx 1”, black-purple drupe 2” long. a. Leaves elliptical-oblong: petiole jointed at the top. B. jamaicensis. Leaves broadly elliptical: petiole jointed below the top. Has. Jamaica !, all coll. (a, 8); [Haiti!, Portorico!]. 17. VITEX, Z. Calyx 5-deutate or 5-fid. Corolla 2-lipped: upper lip 2-, inferior 3-lobed. Stamens didynamous, exserted. Stigma bifid: lobes pointed. Drupe with the endocarp 4-celled or 2-celled by abortion.—Woody plants; the West Indian species arboreous, the cultivated V. agnus-castus shrubby; leaves digitate-\-foliolate, rarely simple; cymes azillary or _ paniculate. 49, WV. divaricata, Sw. Leaves chartaceous, 3(-1).foliolate: leaflets elliptical or elliptical-oblong, entire, glabrous or hispidulous on the ribs and minutely reticulated beneath, shortly petiolulate ; cymes axillary, dichotomous, corymbiform : peduncle long, compressed ; calyx truncate-5-denticulate; corolla pale-blue: inferior lip bearded at the base; drupe. “ ovoid.”—V. multiflora, Mig. /—Cymes about as long as the deciduous leaves; calyx 2”, corolla 4!" long—Has. Dominica!, Imr., 8. Lucia; Trinidad!, Cr. ; [Cuba to Guiana!]. 50. V. umbrosa, Sw. (non Mey.). Leaves leathery, 5(-8)-foliolate : leaflets elliptical, or elliptical-oblong, archveined, entire, glabrous : petioludes unequal, inferior shorter ; cymes dichotomously few-flowered, in axillary peduncled racemes ; calyx 5-dentate; corolla pube- rulous: tube twice or thrice as long as the calyx; drupe globose.—A large tree ; leaflets often 6” long, blunt or bluntish: the middle petiolule 9-6" long; calyx 1", corolla 4!" long; drupe “yellow,” 8!"-6" diam.—Hazs. Jamaica!, Macf., March, Wulischi., in the mountains ; [Cuba !]. - 51. V. capitata, V. Leaves chartaceous, 5-foliolate : leaflets elliptical-lanceolate or lanceolate, acuminate, entire, glabrous, shortly petiolulate ; cymes axillary, long-peduncled, contracted into a héad; calyx 5-denticulate-repand ; corolla blue: tube about 4 times as long as the calyx.—A timber tree; leaflets 8"-5", calyx 2!", corolla 4” long. —Has. Tri- nidad!, Lockh., Pd. ; (Guiana! equat. Brazil !]. 18. AVICENNIA, Z. Calyx 5-partite. Corolla subrotate: lobes 4, one slightly unequal. Stamens 4, unequal, shortly exserted. Ovary 2-celled: cells 2-ovulate. Stigma bifid: lobes pointed. Frit compressed, leathery, tardily 2-valved, 1-seeded by abortion. mbryo naked, germinating in the fruit: radicle inferior, ascending between the cotyledons.—Mangrove-trees ; leaves leathery, entire, powdery-white beneath or glabrate ; flowers white, in peduncled clusters. _ 52. A. nitida, Jacg. Leaves lanceolate or lanceolate-elliptical, acuminate (or bluntish) ; corolla downy on both sides; style as long as the stamens.—Jacg. Amer. Pict. t. 169.— A. tomentosa, Sw., Mey. Esseq.!, Sieb. Mart. 328 (non Jacq.).—Has. Jamaica!, Dist., March, forming partly the mangrove-woods; Antigua!, Wudlschl., S. Vincent !, Guild. ; Trinidad !, Locks. ; [Cuba to Brazil!; trop. Africa !]. . A. tomentosa, Jacq., distinguished by broad leaves and subsessile stigmas, is said to grow in a few of the Caribbean islands, but does not occur in our collections: only in Mr. Ben- tham’s herbarium I saw a specimen, collected by Anderson in S. Lucia, which from its habit may prove to be this second species. OXXII. MYOPORINE. Character of Verbenacee, but seeds albuminous, radicle superior, and pedicels axillary. I. BONTIA, Z. Calyx 5-partite. Corolla tubular, 2-lipped, pilose within : inferior lip reflexed. Stamens didynamous, the inferior exserted. Ovary 2-celled: cells 4-ovulate : ovules separated by an CONIFERA. 503 incomplete, longitudiual dissepiment and by a transverse stricture: the pairs one above the other. Stiyma blunt. Drupe usually 4-seeded.—A_ glabrous tree (or shrub) ; leaves scat- tered, entire. ‘ : _ 1. B. daphnoides, L—Jacy. Amer. Pict. ¢. 261. f.57: the flower. Desc. Fl. 6. t, 386.—30'-10! high; leaves lanceolate, acuminate, 4-2" long : pedicels mostly single, as long as the flower; calyx-segments subulate, ciliate, 1” long; corolla yellow, variegated with purple, 10’’-12" long; drupe ovate, pointed, yellowish, 5” loug—Hae. Barbuda], Nichols., Autigua!, Nichols., Wudischl., Barbadoes ; uaturalized in Jamaica; Trinidad !, Cr. ; (Haiti, French islands !). ; GYMNOSPERM &. CXXITI. CONIFER. Flowers unisexual, naked, reduced to single stamens and open carpophylls, often amenta« ceous, and g devoidof bracts. Syxcarpium a cone, rarely fleshy. Hmdbryo axile, developed with the albumen ina secondary sac of the ovule: cotyledons whorled or 2.—-Woody plants: the wood devoid of vessels ; leaves simple, entire, rigid, often acerose. Resin and volatile oils are universal in this order. The West Indian Cozifere are timber- trees. 1, JUNIPERUS, LZ, Flowers in smail catkins, usually dicecious, Azthers 3—-8-celled: cells near the base of the seale-like connective. Bracts of ? becoming fleshy, coalescent, (forming the galbulus), inferior sterile: ovules 3-1, erect, atropous. Cotyledons 2(-3).—Leaves acerose or minute, opposite or in threes. : 1, J. barbadénsis, £. Leaves channelled on the back with a linear, glandular fur- row, on older jateral branches minute, decussately imbricate, deltoid-ovate, bluntish, on younger shoots subulate-lanceolate, acuminate; galbuli globose, glaucous-black, usually shorter than their supporting branchlet.—S/. ¢. 157. f. 8.—J. bermudiana, Lun. (non L.). —Combined by Endlicher with J. virginiana, L., which is quite distinct by having a short gland and no linear furrow on the back of the leaves, and by the galbuli ovate-obtusate—A. large tree; small leaves 4-1", larger ones 2!'-3" long.—Has. Bahamas; Jamaica (S/.), in the Blue mountains; Antigua!, Wuddsch/., at Cedar hall, Barbadoes. 2. PINUS, L. Flowers amentaceous, monecious. Anthers 2-celled. Carpophylls separated by bracts (i.e. by organs homologous to the stamens), forming a cone, 2-ovulate: ovules anatropous. Cotyledons whorled. 2. P. bahamensis, Gr. (z. sp.). Leaves ...; cones shortly peduncled, conical-cylin- drical, bluntish, (8}’ long): apophysis convex-depressed, transversely keeled, polished brown, umbilicate at the middle: umbo pyramidal or compressed-conical, pointed, spreading. —Of this timber-tree the cones only are known as yet: from its vernacular name (Pitch- Pine) it may belong to the section T’eda, in which there are three leaves in the bundle.— Haz. Bahamas!: Kew Museum. 504 CYCADE. 8. PODOCARPUS, I’ Her. Stamens in catkins : anthers 2-celled. Female flowers solitary : ovule single, anatropous, supported by a thickish, lobed disk. Seed drupaceous: albumen amylaceous: cotyledons 2. —Leaves flat, mostly scattered ; flowers usually diecious. 8. P. coriaceus, Rich. Leaves lanceolate, acute, tapering at the base; disk unequally 9-fid, about as long as the seed, longer than the peduncle: seed obliquely ovoid-globose, with a short, blunt point.—Rich. Conif. t.1.f.3. Hook. in Lond. Journ, Bot. 1. t. 21. —P. Yacea, Don.—About 50! high; leaves 1-24" long, 2!"-5" broad; seed 2/-3" long: point recurved or straightish. Crueger’s specimens are sterile, but not to be distinguished by the foliage. Haz. Jamaica!, A/., M‘Nad, Don, in the mountain-woods of Port Royal, in the Blue mountains, where it extends to their summit (8000! alt.) ; Montserrat (Zxdd.) ; Trinidad !, Cr., Aripa, Tocuche. 4, P. Purdieanus, Hook. Leaves oblong-linear, lanceolate at the base or lanceolate to the Sluntish or mucronate-pungent point; & catkins sessile, geminate, shortly cylin- drical ; disk unequally 2-dentate, as long as the seed, twice as long as the peduncle; seed ovoid, with a short, blunt point.—Hook. Ic. ¢. 624.—A large tree, about 120! high; leaves 4! 14-6") long, 5!-3!"(-8'") broad; seed 4! long. The ¢ catkins are to be verified in the Jamaica tree: I describe them from Wright’s Cuba specimens, which, though smaller- leaved, are scarcely to be distingnished—Has. Jamaica!, Ad., March, in the northern districts, S. Anns near Moneague, S. Mary’s, at 2500'-3500! alt.; [south-eastern Cuba !}. 5. P. salicifolius, K/. Karst. Leaves obloug-linear, lanceolate at the base, long- acuminate, often a little oblique ; “ g catkins peduncled, solitary, cylindrical ; disk 2-lobed, shorter than the peduncle ; seed oblong-globose, with a very short point.”—Taxus lancifolia, Wickstr. ex descr.—Leaves 4-6" long, 5!'-7"" broad: but only 1"-2" long in the form described by Wickstrém.—Has. Dominica!, Jmr.; [Guadeloupe ; Venezuela!, Fend/. Coll. n. 1288}. CXXIV. CYCADEA. Character of Conifer, but cotyledons 2, coalescent, stem simple, and leaves pinnate,— Seeds drupaceous. Starch is extracted from Zamia and from the cultivated Cyeas revoluta, Thunb. (Desc. Fi. 6. t. 449). 1. ZAMIA, L. Stamens and carpophylls truncate-peltate, the latter 2-ovulate beneath.—Stem depressed ; leaves straightish in vernation: leaflets jointed at the base. 1. &. integrifolia, dct. Leaflets leathery, t:near-oblony, subfalcate, cuneate at the base, rounded-blunt at the serrulate top: petiole unarmed.—Jacg. Ic. Rar. ¢. 685.— Has. Jamaica (Kew Mus.), in arid places along the coast ; [Cuba !, Haiti]. 2. Z. angustifolia, Jacg. Leaflets elongated, narrowly linear, entire, few-nerved : petiole unarmed.—Jacg. Ic. Rar. t. 636.—Leaflets 5" long—Haxs. Bahamas (Jacq. ; {Cuba !]. ALISMACER, 505 MONOCOTYLEDONES. CXXV. ALISMACEA. Flower-organs distinct from each other, or the carpids connected below. Seeds exalbu- minous: embryo mostly curved, with a large, usually slender radicle—Aguatic or bog- plants; leaves rosular, mostly furnished with a blade; pedicels umbellate or whorled. 1. ECHINODORUS, Rich. Flowers hermaphrodite or polygamous. Sepals 3. Petals 3, imbricative. Stamens usually definite, 6 or more. Achenia 1-seeded, pluriserial on a convex torus, longitudinally ribbed or crested. / 1, EB. cordifolius, Gr. Scape erect, 5-3-angular, paniculate, with distant, herma- phrodite whorls and umbels; /eaves emerging, cordate-roundish, 9-5-nerved, shorter than the long petiole ; sepals many-ribbed, little shorter than the white petals; stamens 12-15 ; ovaries numerous, shorter than the style; carpids beaked: ribs about 12, entire.—Plum. Ed. Burm. t. 234, f. 2—Alisma, Z. A. Berteroaum, Bald. A. Sprengelii, Xz. : young specimens with oval or oblong, primoidal leaves.—2'—4" high ; leaves 5/3", petals 24! long, carpid-heads 3!" diam.: beak at length half as long as the carpid.—Haz. Jamaica!, Baner., March, in shallow ponds; Antigua!, Wadlschi. ; (French islands!; Guiana!, Brazil !J. 2. E. guianensis, Gr. Scape simple, submersed, terminated by few-flowered umbels or whorls ; leaves floating, hastate-ovai, with the auricles somewhat pointed, much shorter than the submersed petiole; petals white, yellow at the base, little exceeding the many- ribbed sepals; stamens 6-12; styles shorter than the ovaries ; carpids beakless: muricate crests about 8, the dorsal larger-—Mart. Fl. Bras. 8. t. 18. f. 3; ¢. 15. f. 1.—Sagittaria, Kth. §. echinocarpa, Mart. (Alisma, Seud.). S. Seubertiana, Mart. : a form with rounded leaf-auricles.—Leaves 2” long, smaller in a low, terrestrial form ; petals 6-9" long, carpid- heads 5" diam.—Has. Trinidad !, Cr., in savannuhs; [Mexico to Brazil !]. 2. SAGITTARIA, ZL. Character of Eehinodorus, but flowers unisexual, stamens usually indefinite, and achenia flat, winged. “Emerging water-plants; primordial leaves devoid of « blade: in the sub- sequent ones the blade is developed often by degrees ; flowers white, usually moneecious, the superior 8. 3. S. acutifolia, Z. Leaves sagittate, with the inferior veins recurved, (passing by oval-oblong blades into the primordial ones); whorls distant: pedicels subequal; stamens numerous: jilaments longer than the anthers ; carpids shortly mucronate, wholly sur- rounded by a wing.—Dese. Fl. 7. t. 497.—Distinguished from the allied S. sagittifolia, L. of the Old World by the fruit, and by longer filaments, and from 8. od¢usa, W. of the United States by the nearly beakless carpids.—Has. Jamaica, all coll., in ditches ; (Guiana !}. 4. &. lancifolia, Z. Leaves oval, tapering at the base, other oval-oblong or elliptical- lanceolate: all veins ascending; whorls few-flowered, distant: superior pedicels shorter; stamens numerous: anthers longer than the filaments ; carpids mucronate. wing dorsal, spongious.—Bot. Mag. t.1792. Red. Lil. t. 411. Dese. Ft. 7. t. 498.—S. angustifolia, Lindl. §. ovata, Red.: the form with the leaves quite developed.—Stouter than the pre- ceding; flowers large, but petals variable in size——Han. Jamaica |, Wils., Pd., M‘Nad, io ditches and lagoons ; [Cuba to Guiana !]. 506 NAJADEA. ‘e CXXVI. HYDROCHARIDEA. Flowers corollate, unisexual or polygamous. Ovary inferior: style divided. Seeds ex- albuminous. Ziéryo straight: radicle large—Aquatic, floating, or submersed herbs; pe- duncles supported by spathaceous bracts. 1. LIMNOBIUM, Rich. Flowers unisexual. Sepals 3. Petals 3. Anthers 6-12, linear, inserted into a short column, Ovary 6-9-celled: ovules “atropous;” stigmas 2-partite. Berry many-seeded. —Stoloniferous herbs; leaves roswlar, floating ; flowers small, whitish. 1. Ls. stoloniferum, Gr. Leaves oval-oblong or oval-roundish, subacute or roundish at both ends, spongious beneath.—Hydromystria, Mey. Usseg.! L. Spongia, Steud. ex parte-—L. Bosci, Rich. (Hydroch. ¢. 8) is distinguished by much larger, subcordate-reni- form leaves: our specimens are in fruit and admit of no further comparison with this species, nor with the moncecious L. Sinclairit, Benth. Leaves 6!-12" long, 4'"—-8” broad.—Has. Trinidad !, Cr.; [Guiana !]. CXXVII. NAJADEA. Flowers apetalous or naked. Ovaries free, distinct, or solitary, 1-ovulate. Seeds ex- albuminous: radicle mostly large.—Aquatic, floating, or submersed herbs ; spadix (or flower) enclosed by or bursting from a spathe. 1, POTAMOGETON, Z. Flowers spicate, hermaphrodite. Sepals 4: anthers inserted into their claw. Ovaries 4, becoming slightly succulent achenia. Hmbryo curved.—Leaves alternate (or opposite), stipulate ; spadix peduncled, emersed. 1. BP. fluitans, Ri. Stem cylindrical, proliferous; leaves chartaceous, all long- petioled, uppermost floating, oblong or lanceolate-oblong, ¢apering at the base: petiole convex above: stubmersed ones persistent, narrower, alternate: stipules free, not keeled ; spikes cylindrical: peduncles equally big; carpids keeled.—Cham. in Linnea, 2. t. 6. f. 24: the fruit.—P. occidentalis, Sieb. Mart. 275 |—Han. Jamaica!, March ; Trinidad!, Cr, in rivers; [Cuba! to Martinique! ; both temperate and tropical zones of the globe]. 2. P. plantaginea, Ducr. var. jamaicensis. Stem cylindrical, branched ; deaves mem- branaceous, shortly petioled, lanceolate-oblong or uppermost oval, even at the margin: stipules free, keeled; spikes cylindrical: peduncles equally big; carpids sharply keeled.— From the European form this variety is only.distinguished by shorter petioles, and the leaves narrower, all or the inferior long-tapering at the base: from the. allied, often very similar species, it is more distant, viz. troft’ P. lucens, L. by the carpids half as large and sharply keeled, by equal pedupeles, by the transverse veinlets of the leaves rarely divided and the leaf-margin even, fronf P. prelongus, Wulf. by the petioles, and from the large- leaved forms of P. heterophyllus, Schreb. (P. Zigii, Kch.) by the carpids and the even leaf-margin.—Hax. Jamaica!, 4/., Wi/s.: a form with all leaves submersed; [a: western and southern Europe!]. 2. RUPPIA, L. Flowers naked, hermaphrodite. Stamens 2: auther-cells 2, distinct. Ovaries 4 (3-6), at length stalked by a long carpophore. Embryo “ ovoid.”—Stem submersed, filiform, branched ; leaves capillary, sheathing at the base ; flowers 2 or several near the summit of axillary peduncles. vw 3. R. maritima, L. Anther-cells ovoid-oblong; carpids obliquely ovoid, shortly AROIDEA. 507 beaked, much shorter than the carpophore.—Reichenb, Ic. Germ. 7. t. \7.—R. didyma, Sw. 1: a monstrosity, with some of the carpophores united in pairs. R. brevipes, Bertol. : a short-peduncled form.—Peduncles at length elongated, spirally twisted at the base or short and straight.—Has. Antigua!, Wudlschl., in shallow sea-water; rinidad!, Cr. ; (S. Barthélemy !, Guadeloupe !; Sandwich islands !; both temperate zones of the globe]. 3. NAJAS, L. Flowers naked, unisexual, sessile. Stamen 1. Ovary 1: stigmas several. Embryo straight.— Wholly submersed, branched herbs; leaves sessile, sheathing at the base, op- ‘posite ; flowers solitary or clustered. 4, N. major, 4//. Leaves broadly linear, sinuate-dentate with mucronate teeth: sheath entire; flowers dicecious; “anther subsessile, 4-valved.’—Has. Antigua!, Wadlschl. ; (Europe !, Asia, Sandwich islands]. 4, THALASSIA, Sol. Flowers “dicecious, $ on a filiform spadix,” (? unknown). “ Sepals 8. Embryo minute. 5. ARTHROSTYLIDIUM, Rupr. Spikelets laterally compressed, many-flowered : the flowers distant along the jointed rhachis, with the joints at length seceding: glumes inferior 3-4 sterile, the fertile chartaceous- herbaceous, uppermost imperfect. Lodicule 3.—Bamboo-like trees or shrubs; spikelets slender, usually distant in fascicled or terminal racemes. : 6. A. pubescens, Rupr. Internodes scabrous ; leaves lanceolate-acuminate, rounded at the petioled base, puberulous above, scabrous at.the margin: sheath striate, glabrescent, fimbriate at the sammit ; peduncled racemes or flowering branches densely fascicled : spike-. lets distant, shortly pedicellate or subsessile ; gZumes lanceolate-achminate, obsoletely nerved, about twice as long as the internodes of the rhachis —Rupr. Bambus. f. 14: analyt.— Leaves 4-5" long, 4/'-9" broad; sheath-bristles rusty, 2!” long, deciduous, superior glumes 4" long; upper joints of the rhachis caducous.—Has. Trinidad !, Locks., Cr.,.on the summit of the mountains, Tocuche. a 7. &. excelsum, Gr. (x. sp.) Internodes smooth ; leaves lanceolate-acuminate or ob- long-lanceolate, rounded at the petioled base, glabrescent, scabrous at the margin: sheath striate, roughish between the smooth streaks, fimbriate at the summit; peduncled racemes fascicled or terminal: spikelets distant, shortly pedicellate; g/wmes lanceolate-acuminate, striate-nerved, about twice as long as the internodes of the rhachis, lowest shorter.—-Allied to the preceding and to 4. eubense, Rupr. Stem 60-80! high, 6!"-12" diam. (Pd.) ; leaves’ 3-5" long, 9!'-3" broad; sheath-bristles tawny, 1-4!" long, deciduous; spikelets 6-3- flowered, 12-6" long: superior glumes 4! long.—Has. Dominica!, Zmr.; Trinidad, Pd., Cr., Las Cuevas hills, Tocuche. 6. CHUSQUEA, Kth. Spikelets 1(-2)-flowered : the flower approximate to the sterile glumes: inferior sterile gluines 3-4 (rarely the 2 lowest abortive), all devoid of a palea, the fertile chartaceous-herba- ceous. Flower of Arthrostylidium.—Scandent or trailing shrubs, rarely erect and bamboo- like ; spikelets paniculate or racemose. 8. GC. abietifolia, Gr. (x. sp.) Leafy branches fascicled; leaves short, linear-acumi- nate, mucronate-pointed, rigid, serrulate-scabrous at the thickened margin: sheath ciliate with the down at length deciduous; ligule none; racemes short, as long as the leaves, spreading, nearly simple: axis angular, scabrous; spikelets 5-10, lanceolate-acuminate : sterile glumes 3, two inferior about half as long as the third, narrow, the latter equalling the single flower, clasping, 5-nerved, acuminate ; fertile glume linear-acuminate, puberulons, 3- nerved, a little.shorter than the 2-keeled acuminate palea.— A high climber” (P. Br. : Arundo, ar. 5.) ; internodes smooth, 3-5" long, equalling the leafy branches, the older ite diam., those of the branches 1!"-3""(-6") long; leaves 1’—2" long, 14!"-2"" broad, subses- sile, glaucescent : strong midrib prominent beneath, impressed above ; pedicels 1”, spikelets 3" long.—Has. Jamaica !, Wi/s. ; [West Indies !, Si. ]. 7. ARUNDO, ZL. Spikelets 2-6(-1)-flowered: the rhachis bearded with silky hairs: glumes membrana- ceous, the 2(-8) lowest only devoid of a palea. Palea short. Stigmas naked below, pro- jecting from the flower at its middle or above it.— Herbaceous or arborescent canes ;- ligular border ciliate ; spikelets in a large.panicle. au ae z ~ 530, GRAMINEA, Sect. 1. Puraemites, 7+.—Glumes setaceous-acuminate, except the two lowest shorter ones: flowens hermaphrodite or the lowest 8. Wool covering the internodes of the rhachis. ; 9. A. occidentalis, Sicb.! Tall, herbaceous; Jeaves. Linear-acuminate, slightly sca- brous at the margin: figular border shortly and equally ciliate ; panicle large, pale-rusty ; spikelets 3-6-flowered; 2 lowest glumes unequal, bluntish, minutely 8-dentate ; lowest flower monandrons : its glume ae the wool, more than twice as long as, the inferior: sterile glume, ov little exceeded by the hermaphrodite flowers.—S/. t. 67.—Phragmites mar- tinicensis, Zrim. Remirea diffusa, Sieb, Mart. 81!—Habit of 4. altissima, Benth. (Phr. gigantea, Gay), but leaves narrower, 5!"-8"" broad at the hase, and ligule not unequally fim- briate; structure of 4. Phragmites, L., but 2 lowest glumes less pointed, wool a little shorter, ¢ flower l-androus, Stem 10/-20' high, panicle 2’, spikelets 6!-8” long.—Has. Jamaica!, Pd., Wils., in wet places, along rivers; Trinidad! ; [French islands!; Mexico!. to Brazil !]. Sect. 2. Gynrrium, Kth.—Glumes awnless, aciminate, delicate: flowers dicwcious. Wool’ covering the lower part of the flowering glumes. 10. A. saccharoides, Gr. Tall, arboreséent ; leaves lanceolate-acuminate, serralate-_ scabrous at the margin ; panicle large, very woolly, one-sided ; spikelets 2-flowered ; glumes in f “lanceolate,” in 2 narrowly linear-acuminate, the 2 lowest unequal, the longest equalling the wool; ¢ flowers “ 2-androus.”—Humb. Pl. Equin. t. 115.—Gynerium, Humés.—Stem 12!-16! high, “2"'-8" thick at the base” (Si.); leaves 3/-4! long, 2” broad; panicle 2’, spikelets and spreading wool 4" long.—Has. Jamaica!, Macf., in wet places; Antigua!, Wulischi. ; Trinidad, Cr. ; [Cuba! and Mexico ! to Brazil !]. : Sect. 3. Donax, P. B.—Fertile glumes 2-dentate, awned between the teeth, 2 sterile sub- equal: flowers hermaphrodite. 11*, A. Donax, Z. Tall, arborescent; /eaves lanceolate-acuminate, glabrous at the margin ; panicle large, rusty-tawny ; spikelets 3-2-flowered, included within the 2 sterile glumes ; tertile glumes shortly awned, woolly below: awn erect, twice as long as the teeth ; internodes of the rhachis woolly only at the summit.—Reichend. Ic. Germ. f. 1731.—Stem 10'-20! high ; leaves 1"-13"" broad at the base: sheath often black at the summit.—THas. Jamaica!, March, Antigua!, Wullschl., probably introduced ; [Southern Europe! to tropical Asia !]. 8. PLATONTA, Kth. Spikelets, 1-flowered ; glumes coriaceous, 4 inferior sterile, devoid of a palea. Palea con- vex, emarginate, coriaceous: its 2 nerves obsolete, “little distant.” Lodzeule 3.—Stout, herbaceous grasses; leaves confined to the lower part of the stem: ligule produced ; panicle virgate, somewhat contracted : spikelets ovate, numerous along its short branches. ’ This genus, less related to Chusguea than to Uniola (and more distantly to Phalaris), is placed here on the authority of Kunth’s figure of the stigmas, which apparently resemble those of Arundo. ‘ 12. P. virgata, Gr. (x. sp.) Leaves lanceolate, shortly acuminate, scabrous at the margin, exceeded by the stem ; panicle dense, rigid: axis and branches sulcate, densely pu- bescent ; spikelets shining-glabrous, often longer than their pedicel; glumes convex, mucro- nate, the 2 lowest lanceolate, the 2 upper sterile ones twice as long, ovate-lanceolate, the fertile ovate-oblong, little exceeding the palea.—Stem 6! high, cylindrical, glabrous, gu diam.; leaves 23!-2' long, 2" broad above the middle, long-tapering at the base: sheath striate, glabrous: ligule ovate, blunt; panicle 1' long, about 1! diam.; branches thickish, spreading-erect, approximate, not whorled; spikelets tawny, laterally compressed, 24" long, 8 upper glumes 14" long, spreading. —Han. Trinidad!, Cr., at Tocuche. 9. ORTHOCLADA, P. B. Spikelets 2-1-flowered :. glumes. herbaceous, 2 inferior sterile. Pa/ea. compressed, herba- ceous, membranaceous at the margin: its 2 nerves approximate along the dorsal keel. GRAMINER. 531 Stamens 2. Caryopsis laterally compressed, free.—Herbaceous, stoloniferous grasses ; leaves broad, petioled: ligular border ciliate; panicle fastigiate: branches long, filiform, often half-whorled ; spikelets long-pedicellate, jointed at the base, elliptical-oblong. 13. O.laxa, P.B. Leaves oblong-lanceolate, acuminate, glabrescent : petiole and sheath pubescent ; panicle expanded in fruit ; glumes lanceolate-acuminate, sterile shorter, unequal. —Kth, Rév, t. 71.—Stem 2'-3!' high, leaves 6’-3" long, 12'"-8"" broad : petiole 6’/-12!" long ; panicle 6’—12" long: spikelets at the extremity of the branches, greenish, 3” long, often 1-flowered with a stipitate superior rudiment.—Has. Trinida‘'!, Cr., in woods, Fort George; [Mexico! to Brazil !]. : 10. UNIOLA, L. Spikelets flat-compressed, 2—-many-flowered: glumes herbaceous, keeled, 3-6 sterile. Palea compressed, 2-keeled : nerves distant. Caryopsis laterally compressed, free.—Herba- ceous, stoloniferous grasses ; ligule ciliate; spikelets paniculate. Sect. 1. Cuasmantuus, Lt.—Spikelets small, ovate; keels of the palea wingless.— : Panicle virgate, somewhat contracted. 14, U. virgata, Gr. Rigid, stout ; leaves convolute-filiform, flexuose, devoid of asperi- ties; panicle erect, long-virgate: axis suleate, pubescent: branches short, densely approxi- mate, uppermost reduced; spikelets shortly pedicellate, \-sided, 2-flowered ; glumes 3- ‘nerved, shortly mucronate or bluntish, puberulous or glabrate, 6-4 sterzle, ovate-oblong,.2 lowest shorter.—-S/. ¢. 72. f- 1: bad.—Poa, Poir—Habit of Eragrostis cynosuroides. Stem 4! high, 1!’ thick, smooth, glabrous; leaves often 1/1}! long, rosular at its base (and at the inferior distant nodes) ; panicle 20"—-5'" its simple branches usually’1”, spikelets 1!” long, the latter straw-coloured, jointed at the base: sterile glumes placed right and left against the axis; stamens 3.—Has. Jamaica! March ; [Cuba!, along the sandy seashore; Haiti). Sect. 2. EvuntoLa.—Spihelets large, smooth, ovate-oblong ;. keels of the palea winged, ‘ replicate —Panicle spreading. : Y ib. U. paniculata, J. Stout, rigid; leaves involute at the scabrous margin; panicle dense: axis sulcate, pubescent; spitelets shortly pedicellate, distichous-\-sided, 8—-16- flowered ; glumes ovate-obloug, pointed, scabrous at the keel and margin, 4-6 sterife, fer- tile 3-androus: 8 nerves stronger.—Catesd. Carol. 1. t. 32.—4!-8' high ; leaves 2'—1' long, 4-6" broad; spikelets 5-8" long, straw-coloured.— Has: Bahamas!, Swains., on the sandy seashore; [Southern United States! ; Mexico! to Ecuador !]. Ag 11*. BROMUS, Z. Spikelets many-flowered: glumes herbaceous, 2 sterile, fertile mostly awned below the. summit. Stigmas: inserted below the hairy summit of the ovary. Caryopsis adhering to the palea.—Spikelets usually large, pantculate. Sect. ScHEDoNoRUS, F'r.—Fertile glumes keeled, 3-dentate, sterile 1-3-nerved. Stigmas included, or projecting above the middle of the flower. YY 16*. B. sterilis, Z. Annual; stem glabrous; leaves flat-linear, pubescent : ligule produced; panicle spreading or nodding: inferior branches half-whorled ; spikelets linear- lanceolate: fertile glumes 7-nerved, shorter than (or as long as) the straight awn, the latter- inserted below.its 2-partite summit; palea ciliate-——Reichend. Ic. Germ. f. 1583.—Has. Naturalized in Jamaica !, Wils., in the mountains of S. Andrews, at 4000! alt. ; (Europe !}. 12. ERAGROSTIS, P. B. Spikelets many(-2)-flowered, laterally compressed, oblong or linear: 2 glumes sterile, fertile ones keeled, 3-nerved, awnless, deciduous: rhachis glabrous. Palea persistent on the rhachis or deciduous with its joints. Stégmas projecting near the base of the flower. Caryopsis free, ‘devoid of a furrow.—Ligular harder, mostly ciliate ;, spikelets paniculate. 532 GRAMINEA., Sect. 1. Everacrostis.—Rhachis not jointed: palea persistent. Fertile glumes usually: herbaceous. 17. E. prolifera, Steud. Perennial, stoloniferous, rigid, erect (or iuflesed at the base), glabrous ; deaves linear-setaceous, often convolute ; panicle expanded : branches geminate- solitary, little hairy at the base; spikelets lanceolate-linear, 4—12(—‘‘ 20 ”)-flowered : fertile glumes ovate, pointed, 3-nerved: palea nearly the same length, glabrous.—Poa, Sw. !— 1}!'-2! high, czspitose, slender: the lowest leaves often half as long as the stem; panicle 4!'_8", flowers 2" long.—HaB. Antigua!, Wullsehl., S. Lucia, [Caribbean islands !, Sw.]. 18. E. glutinosa, /+. Cespitose, little stoloniferous from a fibrous root, rayzd, erect, glabrescent, viscous below; leaves linear, setaceous-acuminate, flat; panicle spreading : branches solitary, lowest geminate, scabrous, glabrous at the base; spikelets lanceolate, 4— 12-flowered: fertile glumes ovate, pointed, 3-nerved, scabrous at the keel: palea little shorter, minutely ciliate.—S/. ¢. 71. f. 2.--Poa, Sw.—1'-2! high ; leaves rigid, often reach- ing to the panicle, the latter 4"- 6", flowers 4" long.—HaB. Jamaica!, Wuddschl., in sandy savannahs of the southern districts. 19. E. pilosa, P. B. Annual, slender, ereet, glabrous; leaves flat, panicle expanded : ‘ lower branches half-whorled, bearded at the base ; spikelets lanceolate-linear, 8—12-flowered, about as long as the hair-like pedicels: fertile glumes ovate, somewhat pointed, with the 2_ - lateral nerves delicate : palea shorter, minutely ciliate——Reichenb. Ic. Germ. f. 1659, 1660. —Poa, L.—Spikelets $!” broad, often purplish ; flowers about 4’ long. —Has. S. Vincent !, Guild. ; Trinidad !, Sch. ; [temperate and tropical countries of the globe]. 7 20. E. bahiensis, Schrad. Annual, erect, glabrous; leaves linear, setaceous-acumi- nate, often involute ; panicle spreading (or contorted) : branches solitary, glabrous or little hairy at the base ; spikelets oblong-linear, 4-28-flowered, shortly pedicellate : fertile glumes ovate, pointed, 3-nerved: palea little shorter, minutely ciliate——H. Brownei, Ns. Poa polymorpha, 2. Br. (non W.).—Spikelets purplish or pale, 1! broad; flowers 3” long.— Has. Jamaica!, Wudlsch/. ; [all tropical countries and heyond their limits]. ‘ 21. E. poroides, P. B. Annual, diffuse; leaves flat; pauicle spreading: branche solitary or geminate, glabrous or little hairy at the base; spikelets oblong-linear or lanceo- late, 4-20-flowered : fertile glumes ovate or ovate-oblong, d/untish, 3-nerved: palea two- thirds as long, minutely ciliate—Reichend. Ic. Germ. f.1661.—Poa Eragrostis, ZL. P. capil-. laris, Sw. (zon L.), or P.tepbrosanthos, Schult. : the West Indian form, with shorter spike- lets and the fertile glumes ovate-oblong.—Spikelets almost 1!" broad; flowers 3!!_-3!" ner Jamaica!, Wils., Wullschi., March ; [temperate and tropical countries of the globe]. ‘ 22. KE. reptans, Ns. Low, ascending, cespitose, stoloniferous ; leaves shortly linear- acuminate ; panicle short, racemiform: branches solitary, simple, or lower divided from near ¢ the glabrous base ; spikelets oblong-linear or linear, 10—40-flowered, longer than the pedicels ; 7, fertile giumes ovate-lanceolate, membranaceous with 3 green nerves: palea one-third to gne-half as long, mmutely ciliate—2"-5" high: spikelets 1!” broad; flowers 2! long— Has. Trinidad !, Cr. ; [United States! to Buenos Ayres !]. ew. Sect. 2. Brizoma, Nutt.—Rhachis jointed, with the joints seceding. Fertile glumes membranaceous. 23. E. ciliaris, Zi. Annual, ascending, glabrous; leaves linear-acuminate; panicle contracted, long; spikelets ovate-oblong or oblong, 6—8(—20)-flowered; fertile glumes ovate-oblong, blunt, with a dorsal and 2 marginal, distant, green nerves: palea nearly as long, /ong-ciliate.—Jacq. Ic. Rar. t. 304.—Poa, Z. P. elegans, Poir—Panicle 2"-6" long; spikelets 1” broad; flowers 3" Jong—Has. Jamaica!, all coll., in sandy soil; S. Kitts!, Es, Antigua !, Wedlsch/., Dominica!, Zmr., S. Vincent!, Guild. ; Trinidad}, Cr.; (Cuba! and Mexico! to Brazil!; Galapagos!; East Indies !, Arabia, trop. Africa ! to the Cape !]. : ‘ / 24. BE. conferta, Tr. Perennial, stout, branched the whole length, plabrous; leaves linear-acuminate: ligule truncate; panicles long, glomerate-virgate ; spikelets ovate or ovate-oblong, covering the panicle-branches to their base, 2-4(-8)-flowered ; fertile glumes le lanceolate, acuminate, with a dorsal and 2 marginal, distant, green nerves: palea a little ~ ‘GRAMINEAE, 533 shorter, minutely ciliate.—Poa, Hi/.—Several feet high; panicles 6-12" long, about 1/ diam. : spikelets numberless ; flowers 3!" long: marginal nerves disappearing about the middle-—Has. Trinidad !, Cr.; [Southern United States to Brazil ia} Division II. AGROSTIDEE.—Spikelets 1-flowered: fertile glumes not indurated, mostly membranaceous, 2 sterile. Stigmas projecting laterally Srom the flower. Embryo minute. : & 13. SPOROBOLUS, RB. Br. Spikelets awnless : flower contiguous to the sterile glumes, glabrous at the base. Peri- carp membranaceons (rarely coriaceous), seceding from the laterally compressed seed.— Ligular border usually ciliate ; spikelets paniculate. Vilfa, P. B., is, as Kunth has correctly observed, no distinct genus. In a Peru specimen of 5. pungens (Vilfa lururians, Steud. !), there is no difference in the pericarp, but that the naked, compressed, oval seed rests longer attached in the bottom of the flower. * Stem perennial, stoloniferous, often decumbent. 7 25. S. virginicus, Ki. Perennial, branched; leaves short, spreading, distichous, convolute, filiform-acuminate, devoid of asperities : sheath sterile, terete, little hairy or gla- brate at the top and ligular border; panicle narrow, short; sterile glumes usually unequal, the longer as long as the acute flower.—Z+in. Ic. ¢. 48.—Agrostis, Z. Vilfa, P. B— Stolons leafy : flowering branches ascending ; spikelets 1"-14"" long.—-Has. Jamaica !, Pd., on the sandy seashore; Antigua!, Waud/schl. ; Trinidad!, Sied., Cr., in mangrove-swamps ; [United States! to Brazil!, Pacific islands! to Australia! ; trop. Africa to Madagascar !| and the Cape !]. -: 26. S. litoralis, Kt. Perennial; leaves long, involute, linear-setaceous, scabrous at the margin: sheath terete, villous-bearded at the top and ligular border ; panicle narrow, enclosed at the base by the uppermost leaf; glumes acuminate, the sterile shorter than the flower.—Vilfa, P. B. V. aspera, P. &—Stem 1/-4!, inferior leaves 6/-10", spikelets 2" long.—Has. Trinidad !, Long, in rocky places ; [Southern Canada! to South America ; trop. Africa]. ** Stem slender, erect ; root fibrous. -— 27. %.domingensis, Xth. Stem erect, compressed at the base; Jeaves linear-acuminate, flat: sheath conduplicate-compressed, long-cttiate above and at the ligular border ; panicle spreading-erect, at length contracted; glumes acuminate, the upper sterile equalling the Hlower, the lower half as long.—Trin. Ic, $. 24: but palea pointed in our specimens.— Vilfa, Z+.—Spikelets about 1” long.—Has. Jamaica !, 4/., March ; (Haiti !]- 28. S. purpurascens, Hamilt. Stem slender, exspitose, cylindrical ; Jeaves narrowly linear, usually involute: sheath terete, striate, glabrescent: ligular border shortly ciliate; panicle spreading-erect, at length contracted ; yéumes acuminate, the upper sterile equalling the flower, the lower half as long ; seeds oval, rounded on the back.— Trin. Ic. ¢. 57.— Agrostis, Sw. Vilfa juncea, Zr. (ex parte) —Spikelets about 1! long—Has. Jamaica!, Sw., March, in arid savaunahs ; Antigua!, Wallscht. ; [Mexico to Brazil !]. 7 29. S. imdicus, BR. Br. Erect; leaves linear-acuminate: sheaths minutely ciliate above (or glabrate), lower conduplicate-subcompressed ; panicle contracted, loug ; flower acuminate, 2-4 times as long as the unequal, sterile glumes ; seeds oval, flattish on tiie back.—s/. 2. 73. St l. Trin. Ic. t. 60.—Agrostis, Z., Sw. S. tenuissimus, 2. B. (A-rostis, Jucg.): the form with convolute leaves and glabrate sheaths. s. elongatus, 2. Br.: » form with the lowest panicle-branches distant.—Panicle 1!-8", spikelets 2/1!" long.—Has. Jamaica !, Macf., Pd., along roadsides; Antigua !, Wullschl. ; [Bermudas ! and Florida ! to Valdivia! ; Galapagos! to Australia !, China! to East Indies !). 30. S. Jacquemontii, Ki. Stems erect, cxspitose, cylindrical; leaves narrowly linear, convolute : sheath terete, striate, minutely ciliate above; ponicle spreading-erect, at length contracted: flower acuminate, 8-4 times as long as the unequal striate glumes ; seeds oval, flattish on the back.—K¢h. Réo. t. 127.—Allied to the preceding, spikelets as long.—HaB. Jamaica !, Al., March, Wils., a pasture grass ; [Haiti, French islands ! }. 534 GRAMINEA. 14. REYNAUDIA, Kth. Spikelets awned from the 2-dentate summit of all glumes: flowers contiguous to the sterile ginmes, glabrous at the base. Palea l-nerved. Stamens 2.—A cespitose grass ; leaves setaceous, ciliate about the ligular border: nodes villous ; panicle short, subcon- tracted. i 31. R. filiformis, Xii—Kth. Rév. t. 9—1! high, naked above; panicle 1” long; awns of the sterile glumes much longer than those of the flowers.—Haz, Jamaica!, Wullschl., Manchester ; (Haiti). Division III. ST7PACE.—Character of Agrostider, but fertile glume indurated around the fruit. \- 16. ARISTIDA, L. Spikelets awned : awn 8-partite or 3-fid, terminating the fertile glume, the latter separated by an internode from the sterile pair, usually shortly bearded at the base. Palea abortive. Caryopsis free, cylindrical.—Spikelets-pedicellate: Sect. Cuataria, P. B.— Aon persistent, naked. ’, 82. A. strictay Mich. Leaves convolute-filiform: ligular border shortly ciliate ; pani- cle narrow, interrupted: branches solitary or geminate; sterzle glumes acuminate, the superior usually with a bluntish, mucronate summit, exceeding a little or equalling the flower ; awn-segments subequal, divergent, as long as their glume—P. B. Agrostogr. t. 8. f.5: , analyt, (palea wrongly drawn),—A. americana, L. herb. sec. Munro (non Sw.) A. dispersa, t Jr, (A. bromoides, humilis, azd coarctata, Ath.) :-a form with the spikelets usually coloured, and setaceous flowers. A. cognata, Zr.: a form with both.sterile glumes acuminate to the summit. A. antillarum, Pl. Carté. A. Adscensionis, Wickstr. (non Sw.). A. maritima and subbiflora, Steud.— The West Indian forms are annual, but the allied species (e.g. A. caru- lescens, Desf.) produce flowers also iu the first year, and become perennial afterwards. Awns 4!_6" long. —Has. Autigua!, Wudlschl. ; [United States! to Chile]. of 33. A. purpurascens, Poir. Leaves convolute-filiform : ligular border shortly ciliate; panicle narrow, interrupted: branches solitary or geminate(-3) ; sterile glumes setaceous- . acuminate, the superior equalling the flower; awn-segments divergent : the middle about thrice as long as its glume, the lateral less spreading and a little shorter—A. Adscensionis, Sw. (non L.). A. Swartziana, Steud. A. cognata, 8, Trix.—Root in our specimens peren- nial, middle awn 10"!-16", lateral 8/’-12" long.—Has. Jamaica!; Sw., in the sandy, southern savannahs ; [United States!]. os de s< 16. MILIUM,.Z. Spikelets awnless, or with a simple, deciduous awn: the flower coriaceous or chartaceous,, approximate to and included by the sterile glumes. Palea 2-nerved. Curyopsis free.— Spikelets paniculate. Sect. LeptoconyPuium, Ns.—Spikelets awnless, jointed at the base. Fertile glume & chartaceous, membranaceous at the summit. 34, IM. lanatum, 2. S. Perennial erect; leaves convolute, hairy below and at the Sheath or glabrescent; panicle erect: spikelets elliptical-lanceolate ; sterile glumes woolly- i pilose, 5(—7)-nerved.—Kth, Rév. t. 163.—Paspalum, Kh. Leptocoryphium, Ns.—2'—4! high ; spikelets 14 long.—Has. Trinidad !, Cr. . a form with the wool of the spikelets less spreading ; [Mexico! to Uruguay !]. GRAMINHZ. 535 Diviston IV. ORYZER.—Spikelets of Agrostides, but sterile glumes more than 2, often partly or all abortive, and palea furnished with a midrib.—Spikelets jointed at the base, deciduous. 17. ORYZA, LZ. Spikelets laterally flat-compressed; 2 sterile glumes developed, small, 2 abortive, fertile chartaceous, usually awned. Stamens 6.—Spikelets’ paniculate. 35. O. latifolia, Desv. Stout; leaves lanceolate-acuminate, scabrous: ligule short ; panicle spreading: inferior branches whorled; fertile glume hispid, awned.—Kth. Rév. t, 4.— 0. sativa, L., has narrower leaves, a produced ligule, the panicle more contracted, and the oo of the flower soft.—Has. Trinidad!, Cr., at Caroni: [Southern United States to Brazil]. 18. LEERSIA, Sw. Character of Oryza, but all sterile glumes abortive, and flowers awnless, 6-1-androus. 36. Is. hexandra, Sw. Panicle spreading : flowers elliptical-oblong, 6-androus, hispid along the keel of the glume.—Xth. Rév. ¢. 1.—-L. mexicana, K¢h., australis, R. Br. mauri- tanica, Salzm.!, coutracta, Ns.—lLeaves variable in breadth—Has. Jamaica (Sw.) in ditches; Dominica!, Jmr.; Trinidad!, Cr.,in savannahs; (Florida! to Buenos Ayres!, Algeria! to the Cape !, East Indies !, to Australia]. - 87. I. monandra, Sw./ Panicle narrow, at length spreading, somewhat one-sided : % branches distant : flowers semiovate-roundish, pointed, 1-androus, glabrous along the keel of |< the glume.—Spikelets pale, often imbricated, 4!" long.—Has. Jamaica!, Sw., in calcareous woods; [Cuba!; Texas !, Mexico]. 19. LUZIOLA, Juss. ' Spikelets moncecious in distinct panicles: terminal panicle J, axillary. All sterile glumes abortive, fertile membranaceous, awnless. Stamens 6-11. “ Hmbryo large.” — Ligule produced. 38. La. peruviana, Juss. Mey. Esseg. t. 2. Stem creeping at the base or floating; ¢ flowers 2", 21!" long —Ha. Trinidad |, Lockh. ; [Mexigo to Brazil!]. ; Division V. PHALA RIDEA.—Spikelets 1-flowered or unisexual 1—few-flowered. Stigmas projecting from the summit of the flower. 20. OLYRA, L. Spikelets 1-flowered, moneecious, 3 devoid of sterile glumes ; ? flower cartilaginous: its 2 sterile glumes herbaceous, often tailed at the summit. “ Caryopsis free: embryo minute.” —Leaves usually broad, often oblique at the base; spikelets pedicellate, jointed at the base: 2 flower included within the sterile glumes. * Spikelets paniculate, inferior 8 . 39. ©. latifolia, Z... Stout, branched below: uodes contracted; leaves ovate-oblong, ovate-lanceolate (or lanceolate), acuminate ; panicle spreading : a// branches terminated by a single 3 spikelet, most g below it; spikelets glabrous; ¢ glume tailed with a bristle, ? sterile glumes subulate-tailed: tail’ of the inferior longer: flower ellipsoidal, glabrous, shining-polished.—S/. #. 64. f. 2. Trin. Ic. ¢. 346.—O. paniculata, Sw.—4!-15! high, variable in the 2 flower being ebony-white or more rarely black. a. Leaf-sheaths more or less hairy: ligule short, ciliate. B. arundinacea, Tr. Leaf-sheaths glabrous or glabrescent: ligule produced, glabrous. Has. Jamaica |, all coll. (a, 8), common in woods ; Antigua!, Wullschl. (8), Dominica!, Tr. (8) ; Trinidad !, Cr. (8); [Cubal and Mexico ! to Brazil !]. 40. Q. semiovata, Zr. Erect, flexuose at the base: inferior nodes prominulous and x 536 GRAMINEA, constricted ; leaves broad; gradually tapering-acuminate from the obliquely truncate, petioled base: sheath hairy or glabrate, shortly ciliate at the truncate ligule ; panicle spreading: iz- ferior branches 8 , superior terminated by a single? spikelet ; spikelets glabrous ; ¢ glume ‘tailed with a bristle, 2 sterile glumes subulate-tailed: tail of the inferior longer: flower ellipsoidal, hairy at the base and summit, polished-white.—Trin. Ic. t, 347.—Several stems from the root, 2/ high; most leaves 23-13" broad, 8'—-4" long, several ouly 6!—8!” broad. —Has. Trinidad !, Pd., in wet savannahs ; [Brazil !]. ** Racemes axillary, uppermost $ (Lithachne, P. Br.). 41. O. pauciflora, Sw. Stems slender: nodes prominulous and constricted; leaves ovate-lanceolate, acuminate, often obliquely truncate at the base, uppermost remaining con- volute ; petiole hispidulous within: ligule truncate; racemes axillary, much exceeded by the leaf, uppermost g, inferior terminated by a single 2 spikelet, S below sit; spikelets gla- brous ; ¢ glumes acuminate with a short bristle, ? sterile glumes tailed-acuminate: flower obversely deltoid, glabrous, shining-polished, white—P. B. Agrost. t. 24. f. 2.—Stems aggregate, about 1’ high; leaves 2/3” long, 6-9" broad.—Hae. Jamaica!, Pd., Mart., Wullsehl., in avid, rocky woods, Manchester, Westmoreland; Antigua!, Wudischi. ; [Cuba ! New Granada !]. 21. PHARUS, P. Br. Spikelets 1-flowered, moncecious, geminate: one pedicellate g, the other sessile 9. Sterile glumes 2, membranaceous, fertile in ¢ membranaceous, in @ coriaceous. Stamens 6. Stigmas 3. Caryopsis free: “embryo minute.”—Leaves petioled, broad, 1-nerved ; veins straight, slightly diverging from the midrib ; panicle spreading : branches spiciform ; spikelets coloured: ¢ linear. / 42. P. latifolius, L. (on Tr.). Leaves obovate-oblong or elliptical-oblong, cuspidate, scabrous beneath ; fertile glume little longer than the sterile pair, villous only at the exserted summit.—sl. t. 73. f.2. Br. Jam. t. 38. f. 8.—P. scabra, Kth. P. ovalifolius, Ham.—1}'-3" high ; leaves 6"-8"(-8") long, 14-24" broad; 3 spikelets 14!”, 9 5/6" long.—Has. Jamaica!, all coll., common in moist woods; Trinidad!, Cr. ; [Florida !, Cuba ! and Mexico ! to Brazil !). 43. BP. glaber, Kth. Leaves lanceolate-oblong, acuminate ; fertile glume twice or thrice as long as the sterile pair, villous to the base—Tuss. Fl. 2.t.8. Desc. Fl. 6. é. 398: compound of this and the preceding.—P. lancifolius, Ham. P. lappulaceus, Lam., Luss. P. latifolius, Zr. (mom L.).—Stature and proportions of the preceding, but leaves 8'-13" broad, glabrous, rarely scabrous beneath.— Has. Jamaica!, Wad/sch/., Manchester ; Antigua !, Wulischl. ; [Cuba!, French islands !; Venezuela !, Brazil]. 22. ZEUGITES, P. Br. Spikelets 2-4-flowered : lowest flower ? , approximate to the pair of sterile glumes, the other g', distant. Gzmes membranaceous-herbaceous, 3-9-nerved, sinuate at. the truncate summit, not indurated. “ Emdryo minute.”—Stems branched and geniculated below ; leaves petioled, broad and short: sheath open; panicle lax; inferior branches 2-3-nate ; Q flower twice as long as the sterile glumes. 44, Z. americana, WV. Leaves ovate, pointed : petiole, 2-lobed ligule, and constricted nodes glabrous ; inferior branches of the green panicle ternate ; Sertile 2 glume awned at the summit, as long as or little longer than the lower internode of the rhachis: awn erect, half as long as or little shorter than the flower.— Br. Jam. t. 4. f. 3 —Apluda Zeugites, L., Sw.—l'-2! high ; leaves 2"-1" long, 10’'-6"” broad. Of the Continental congeners, Z. mexicana, Tr. (Despretzia, Kth.), has awnless spikelets, and the lowest & flower less distant, and Z. colorata, Gr. (Venezuela, Fendl. coll. 2526), oblong-lanceolate leaves, petioles pubescent within at the summit, coloured spikelets and the 9 flower very shortly mucronate.— Has. Jamaica], all coll., in the woods of the Blue Mountains, from 4000! up- wards to the summit. 3 GRAMINER, 537 Division VI. PAPPOPHOREA.—Spikelets with the lowest flower fertile, the superior usually abortive ; third and following glumes multi-3-fid, with the lobes awned. Stig. mas projecting from the summit of the flower. 23. PAPPOPHORUM, Sehred. 4 ! . Spikelets with several-1, distant, imperfect flowers above the fertile one: third and fol- lowing glumes 9-13-awned.—Ligular border civiate ; panicle contracted. 45. P. alopecuroides, 7. Perennial, stout, glabrous, (‘or pubescent at the sheaths ”); panicle long, cylindrical, pale: branches ‘at length slightly leosened ; spikelets with 2-3 superior rudiments: stertle glumes 1-nerved, fertile 13-nerved, imperfect ones 9-15-awned.— Vahl, Symb. ¢. 51. Kth. Rév. t. 181, 132.—P. macrostachyum and laguroideum, Sckrad.—3'—4! high ; panicle 2-12" long.—Has. Trinidad!, Cr., La Tinta ; [Brazil to Uruguay]. SUBTRIBE 3. _CHLORIDEZ.—Spikelets sessile or shortly pedicellate: lowest glume sm agawmst the axis. Sterile glumes 2, heeled-1-nerved, persistent: rhachis de- ciduous. xX 24, BOUTELOUA, Lag. Spikelets with 1(-2) fertile, shortly stipitate flowers below, and 1-several distant imper- fect, ones above them. Sterile ylumes awuless, third and following ones 3-5(~7)-dentate : the teeth of all or chiefly the imperfect ones awned. Stigmas projecting laterally from the flower.—Spikes racemose or solitary : axis produced beyond them. Sect. Hutsrosreea, Desv.—Spikes racemose : spikelets alternating along the edge of the flattish axis. 46. B. litigiosa, Lag. Root fibrous; stems low, geniculated-ascending ; leaves short, flat, or convolute, ciliate or glabrescent at the base: ligule shortly ciliate ; spikes alternate : spikelets 6-10, distant ; sterile glumes lanceolate-acuminate, the longer equalling the in- ternodes of the axis; fertile flower. single, bearded at the base, 3-toothed or shortly 3- awned : upper rudiment reduced to a long, 3-partite, exserted awn.—Sw. Obs. t. 2. f. 2.— Aristida americana, Sw. Heterostega juncifolia, Desv. (xom Kth.). Kutriana bromoides, Trin. (non Kth.).—Leaves }'-2", sterile glumes 14!"-2", spikelets (the awn included) 4!" long.— Has. Jamaica (Sw.), in the southern sandy districts; Antigua!, Wudlschi.; [Vene- zuela !). : 47. B. elatior, Gr. (x. sp.). Root fibrous; stems slender, erect ; leaves narrowly linear, flat, ciliate, with ‘long soft hairs near the base: ligule shortly ciliate ; spikes alter- nate: spikelets 3-5, distant ; sterile glumes ovate, acuminate, the longer about half as long as the internode of the axis ; fertile flower single, bearded at the base, $-toothed or shortly 3-awned: upper rudiment reduced to a long, 3-partite, exserted awn.—Allied to ~B. aristidoides (Eutriana, Kth. N. Gen. t. 695), which has narrower sterile glumes.—14/-3! high; inferior leaves 6”, sterile glumes 2!”, spikelets (the awn included) 4!" long.—HaB. Antigua !, Wullschi., at Grace bay, S. Johns. ~~ 25, LEPTOCHLOA, P. B. . Spikelets several-many-flowered, pedicellate in compound racemes. Sterile glumes awn- less, fertile awnless or simply awned. Stigmas projecting laterally from the flower. Embryo “ slender.”’—Annual, erect grasses ; leaves flat; spikelets distichous-1-sided. Dinebra, Jacq. (L. arabica, Kth.), is to be excluded, as by the stigmas projecting below the summit of the flower and sessile spikelets it approaches Llewsine. - 48. I, mucronata, Kth. Spikelets 2-4-flowered, awnless ; sterile glumes mucronate. 7 acute, fertile bluntish, slightly ciliate: rhachis glabrous.—Jacq. Kelog. Gram. t. 4.— Eleusine, Mich. E. filiformis, Pers. L. filiformis and tenerrima, R. S. L. pellucidula, 538 GRAMINE. Steud.—Spikes numerous, 14"-4" long.—Haz. Antigua!, Wodlschl.; Trinidad!, Cr. ; [United States ! to Venezuela! ; China! to East Indies !]. 49. La. virgata, P. B. Spikelets 6-3-flowered; sterile glumes acuminate, fertile emarginate, ciliate, all or the inferior awned: rhachis glabrous.—Sl. t. 10. f. 2.—Cynosu- _ tus, Z. L, brachiata and mutica, Stewd—Spikes numerous. a, Spikes 3"—6" long; awus usually much, rarely little shorter than the flower, none in the superior. B. gracilis, Ns. Spikes 1}"-23" long; inferior awns as long as the flower, superior shorter or none. y y. domingensis, Lk. Spikes 8-5" Jong; all flowers awned: inferior awns as long as the flower. Has. Jamaica!, all coll. (a, 8), in pastures; Antigua!, Wullschl. (a, y), Dominica!, Imr. (a) ; Trinidad !, Sch., Cr. (y); [Texas!, Cuba! to Brazil! ; Galapagos !]. . 50. L. longa, Gr. (x. sp.). Spikelets 3-4-flowered ; sterile gZwmes acuminate, fertile, minutely 2-dentate, ciliate, the lowest awzed, the following shorter, awnless: rhachis bearded below the flowers——Habit of the preceding, but spikes 7-8" long; and in struc- ture approaching L. Lindleyana, Kth. Several feet high, glabrescent, but sheaths densely ciliate at the summit; leaves 8-10" long, 5!-6"' broad: ligule reduced; panicle 1’ long: nppemnnet branches approximate : spikelets somewhat distant, compressed ; sterile glumes 3!" lowest flower 14", its awn 1 Jong: lateral nerves of the fertile glume approximate to the sericeous margin.—Has. Trinidad !, Cr. B < 26. GYMNOPOGON, P. B. Spikelets with a single perfect and a distant imperfect flower, sessile in racemed spikes, distantly alternate along the edge of the axis. Both flowers simply awned, or the superior reduced to an awn: sterile glumes narrow, acuminate. Stigmas projecting laterally from the flower. Emdryo “ small.” —Leaves short, tapering from a broader base, spreading. 51. G. filiformis, Gr. (x. sp.). Root fibrous ;. spises long, filiform, flowering to the base: inferior spikelets gradually more distant aud imperfect ; rhachis and flowers glabrous (except a few hairs at the margin) : fertile linear, one-third as long as its awn, equalling or exceeded by the lower sterile glume, neutral 2-valved, much shorter than its exserted awn; stamens 2.—Stems cespitose, aphyllous at the base: habit of. G. /evis, Ns., but more slender, 2! high, glabrous ; leaves distichous, 3-1" long, 2" broad, involute, shorter and dis- tant in the numerous sterile shoots: ligular border ciliate; panicle 1’ long; spikes alter- nate, 6", spikelets (the awns included) 6” long; sterile glumes unequal, linear-acuminate, 14!"-2!", fertile 14!" long ; the latter narrow, minutely 2-dentate, imperfect half as long: both awns little differing in length, and palea of the imperfect flower sometimes reduced to 2-1 much shorter awns.—HaB. Trinidad !, Cr. 27. CHLORIS, Sw. Sptkelets with 1(—2) perfect and 1-several imperfect distant flowers, in digitate (or soli- tary) spikes or spiciform racemes, distichous—one-sided. Flowers simply awned, rarely awn- less. Stigmas projecting at or above the middle of the flower. Eméryo large.—Spikes in the West Indian species digitate, rarely contracted-racemose, and perfect flowers shortly bearded at the base. § 1. Spikelets distant, divergent. 52. ©. eruciata, Sw. Annual, leafy below; leaves convolute-jiliform : ligule ciliate; spikes 42, digitate, divergent: spikelets shortly pedicellate: sterile glumes acuminate, the longer at length deciduous ; flowers lanceolate, beardless, awned, the perfect shortly ciliate above, the imperfect single : both awns 3—5 times as long as their glume, the lower terminal between its 2-dentate summit.—SV. ¢. 69. 7. 1.—Agrostis, Z. C. Humboldtiana, Steud.— 6"-15” high ; spikes 8"-1}" long; spikelets 1’ distant, flower 14!" long. — Has. Jamaica, all coll., Pedro plains, Manchester, 8. Elizabeth ; [Cuba !]. GRAMINEA. 539 ‘ § 2. Spikelets imbricate, parallel, one-sided. * Perfect flower lanceolate, shortly ciliate, awned, imperfect narrow. 53. C. eleusinoides, Gr. Annual, leafy below ; leaves narrowly linear, flat or con- duplicate, bluntish : ligule ciliate ; spikes 3-6(-9), digitate : spikelets very shortly pedicel- late, distaut; sterile glumes acuminate: flowers lanceolate, beardless, awned, the perfect shortly ciliate above, the imperlect single: both awas 3-5 times as long as their glume, the lower inserted below its 2-dentate summit.—S/. ¢. 68./. 3.—Agrostis radiata, L.—Allied to C. Beyrichiana, Kth. (pycnothrix, Tr.), which has a longer awn and a much smaller imper- fect flower. Stem inflexed at the base, #-14' high; leaves 3!" broad, lowest 2-4" long, superior short: sheath flat-compressed; spikes 2-14" long, with a villous tuft at the base; spikelets 1” distant: perfect flower 2!", imperfect 1” long.—Has. Jamaica!, March ; Antigua!, Wullschi. _ 54, C. radiata, Sw., Hth. Annual, leafy below; Jeaves broadly linear, flat, blunt: ligule shortly ciliate; spikes numerous, in a contracted raceme, uppermost approximate : spikelets very shortly pedicellate; sterile glumes narrowly acuminate; Jlowers lanceolate, beardless, awned, the perfect dotted, shortly ciliate above, the imperfect single: both, awnis 3-6 times as long as their glume, the lower terminal between its 2-dentate summit.—K¢h. Rév, t.179. Jacg. Eclog. Gram. t. 10.—C. gracilis, Dur. (non Kth.) C. glaucescens, Steud.! C. virgata, Sw. sec. Durand. (non Kth.): a form with the longer sterile glume mucronate.—l/-2' high; leaves 2! broad: sheath flat-compressed; spikes 3’-2” long, lowest 9!"-4" distant; spikelets 1!”’-3’" distant: flower 13’” long.—Has. Jamaica!, Hartw., Pd., Wits., common in fields and on roadsides; Antigua!, Wud/sch., Dominica!, Imr., in pastures; Trinidad!, Pd., Lockh., in savannahs; [Cuba! to Brazil !). ** Perfect flower elliptical, long-bearded along the margin, awned, imperfect dilated. 55. ©. polydactyla, Sw. Perennial, stout; leaves linear-acuminate, flat : ligule pilose ; spikes numerous (—8), long, flexnose, digitate: spikelets subsessile; sterile glumes narrowly acuminate ; fowers 2, both half as long as their terminal awn, perfect elliptical, ciliate with a loug-exserted beard, imperfect obovate.—sl. t. 65. f.2. Jacq. Kelog. Gram. t. 9,—Andro- pogon, Z.—2'—8! high ; leaves often 1’ long ; spikes 4-6”, flower 1” long.—Has. Jamaica}, Pd., March, Wulischl., on dry, grassy hills; [New Mexico! to Brazil!]. 56. ©. barbata, Sw. Annual, leafy below; leaves linear-acuminate, flat: ligule pilose ; spikes numerous (5), digitate: spikelets subsessile; sterile glumes mucronate; flowers 3, all long-awned : perfect elliptical, long ciliate, one-third to one-fourth as long as its infra- terminal awn, 2 imperfect ones cymbiform-ovoid, subtruncate, shortly exserted.— rin. Ie. ¢. 306.—4'-14! high ; spikes often purplish, 1”-2", perfect flower 1!” long.—Han. Jamaica !, Mareh; (Brazil! ; East Indies !]. 57. G. ciliata, Sw. Annual, erect; leaves linear, flat: ligule glabrescent; spikes 4-6, digitate : spikelets subsessile ; sterile glumes mucronate; flowers 3, 2 inferior awned : per- fect elliptical, long-ciliate along the margin and keel, as long as the infraterminal awn, 2 imperfect ones eymbiform-subglobose, truncate, subincluded.—Trin. Ic. ¢. 307.—C. pro- pinqua, Stewd.—1'-2! high; spikes. purplish, incurved at the top, 13"-2", perfect flower 1!” long.—Has. Jamaica!, Wils., in arid places; Antigua !, Wullschl.; (Cuba! to French islauds!; Mexico !]. *** Perfect flower ovate, awnless, imperfect dilated, less distant. 58. C. petraca, Thund., Sw. Leafy below; leaves flat: sheath flat-compressed ; spikes 8-6, digitate : spikelets subsessile ; séerte y/umes emarginate : the superior shortly awned ; flowers beardless, awnless, perfect ovate, shortly ciliate, mucronate-emarginate, imperfect obovate-oblong, subtruncate, included.—Jacg. Hclog. Gram. t. 11.—Eustachys, Desv. C. Swartzii et septentrionalis, (. Mill.—1'-2 high; spikes often brown, 14-2", perfect flower 3" long. —Han.. Jamaica !, Pd., aloug the sea, on limestone, Hanover; [Bermudas!, Cuba!; Southern United States! to Uruguay !; Cape!]. X28, DACTYLOCTENIUM, 7. Spikelets several-flowered, clostly sessile on one side of a flattish axis in digtigte spikes. N - é 540 GRAMINES. Glumes laterally compressed, upper sterile one awned, fertile mucronate. Stigmas project- ing below the summit of the flowers. Pericarp utricular.—Creeping or diffuse annuals ; leaves flat, pilose below ; spikes 2-5, short, thickish. 59, D. egyptiacum, 7. Spikelets 2-4-flowered, densely imbricate below the naked point of the axis ; sterile glumes scabrous on the keel: superior about as long as its recurved awn.—Trin. Ic. ¢. 69.—D. mucronatum, W.—Spikes 6-12” long.—Has. Bahamas}, - Hjalm. ; Jamaica!, Al. ; 8, Kitts !, Hls., Antigua !, Wullschl., Dominica!, Imr., 8. Vin- cent !, Guild. ; Trinidad!, Cr.; [Calabria! and Arabia! to the Cape!; China to East In- dies ! and Australia! ; United States to Brazil !]. A 29, ELEUSINE, G. Character of Dactyloctenium, but glumes awnless, bluntish-acuminate, the sterile mem- branaceous at the margin.—Annuals ; leaves flat; spikes 2-5(-1). “ 60. EB. indica, G. Stems compressed ; spikes slender, greenish : axis narrow; flowers lanceolate.—Zin. Ic. t. 71.—Spikes usually 2” long, one often distant from the fascicle— , Has. Jamaical, all coll.; Antigua!, Wullschl., Dominica!, Jmr., S. Vincent !, Gudid. ; Trinidad !, Sch., Cr.; [Persia! to the Cape! and East Indies! ; Canary islands! ; Canada! to Buenos Ayres!; Pacific islands !]. ; x 80. CYNODON, Rich. Character of Eleusine, but spikelets 1-flowered, and a “ caryopsis.”—Creeping, low peren- nials, leafy below with short leaves; ligule ci/iate ; spikes 2-6(-9). * 61. G. Dactylon, Pers. Spikes divergent: axis narrow, 8-gonal; flower ovate, longer than the filiform rudiment and the sterile glumes—wSidth. Fi’. Grae. t. 60.—Pani- cum, Z.—Has. Bahamas; Jamaica!, Maef., Wils.; Antigua!, Wudlschl. ; (tropical and warmer countries of the temperate zones throughout the globe]. Tripe Il. PANICEA, R. Br—Fertile glume placed above the second sterile glume of the spikelet ; rhachis mostly not produced above it.—Sterile glumes usually 3. Stigmas projecting below or at the summit of the ower. Embryo large. Sustripe I. PASPALEH.—Fertile flower cartilaginous, leathery, or chartaceous : exterior sterile glumes herbaceous or membranaceous. 31. THRASYA, Kth. Spikelets biconvex, sessile, alternately uniserial along the midrib of the induplicate sheath- ing axis, in a simple one-sided spike. Lowest glume minute or abortive, second supporting the fertile flower: third gf, divided into 2 distinct collateral leaflets, and furnished with a palea. Fertile flowers chartaceous, awnless.—Slender, ceespitose grasses; spike slightly in- curved: axis herbaceous: series of spikelets alternating with the fertile flowers placed against the axis or averted from it. 62. T. hirsuta, Ns. Leaves pilose; azis long ciliate, twice as broad as the ovate-lan- ceolate exserted spikelets; lowest glume minute, second exceeding half the 3 flower ; both flowers 3-androus.—Kth, Rév. t. 102. Trin. Ic. ¢. 151.—Panicum thrasyoides, 7+.—1!-2! high; spikes 13"-23” long.—Has. Trinidad!, Cr., in savannahs ; [Brazil]. \ 8% PASPALUM, L. Spikelets flat on the ventral, convex on the dorsal side, imbricated on one side of the axis, in spiciform racemes or spikes. Sterile glumes 3, but lowest abortive or usually wholly wanting. Flower awnless, cartilaginous, flat convex.—Root usually perennial ; spikelets 2-4-stichous, usually rounded. Tn those species in which a rudimentary lower glume is developed (e.g. in P. decumbens and often in P. distichum), no character is left to distingnish Paspalum from Digitaria but the habit and a slight difference in the fertile glume, : GRAMINEA. 541 Sect. 1. Euraspatum.— Spikelets devoid of an involuere. § 1. Spikelets 2-seriate. Palea placed against the axis. “ 63. P. compressum, Ws./ Stem compressed, 1-2-node, often branched above ; leaves long, flat, usually ciliate: sheath flat-compressed ; spites 2-3(-“5”), two approai- mate: axis 3-gonal, flat on the back, glabrous, uarrower than the spikelets; spikelets 2- sertate, shortly pedicellate, ovate-lunceolate with a bluntish point, pibescent at the margin or glabrescent : exterior sterile glumes obsoletely 5-nerved, inferior 4-nerved near the mar- gin.—Zrin. Ic. é. 118.—Milium, Sw. P. platycaule, Poir. P. extenuatum, Ns. (ex Pl. Spruce.) P. guadalupense and macropodon, Stewd. P. Michauxianum, K7h. (P. Digitaria, Powr.): a form with longer glabrous spikelets—1/-14' high; leaves 6'’—-4! broad, lowest shorter and narrower; spikes 4-2", spikelets 1 (or 2 long in P. Michaurianum) —Har. Jamaica!, March, Wils., common in pastures; Antigua!, Wudlschl., Wominica!, Imr. ; Trinidad !, Cr. ; [Southern United States! to Buenos Ayres !]. § 2. Spikelets 2-seriate. Fertile convex glume placed against the azis. * Sterile glumes 2- or enerved. “ 64. P. conjugatum, Berg. Stoloniferous; leaves flat, ciliate: sheath compressed ; spikes 2, divergent, both at the summit of the stem (or 2-8 with the third distant): axis - linear, channelled on the back, glabrous, about as broad as the spikelets; spitelets 2-sertate, very shortly pedicellate, roundish ovate, minutely pointed, somewhat villous at the margin :, sterile glumes 2-nerved within the margin.—Zrin. Ic. ¢. 102.—P. ciliatum, Zam. _P. longis- simum, Hochst. P. Sieberianum and Renggeri, Steud. /—1'-2' high; leaves 4!-3"" broad ; spikes 4!-2", spikelets 4’ long —Has. Jamaica !, all coll., common; 8. Kitts!, Z/s., An- tigua!, Waudlschi., Dominica!, Jmr. ; Trividad !, Sied., Cr.; (Louisiana |; Cuba! to Brazil! , Galapagos ! to Australia!; trop. Africa !). 65. P. pusillum, Vent. Stolouiferous; stem low, inflexed; leaves short, flat, glabres- cent, as long as the internodes ; spikes 2-5, most approximate : axis linear, flat on the back, glabrous, narrower than the spikelets; spitelets 2-seriate, shortly pedicellate, roundish, blunt, glabrous: sterile glumes enerved within the margin.—Triz. Ic. t. 273.—P. serpeus, Pl. Spruc.—8"-6" high ; leaves 6'—12!" long, 1!"-14'" broad ; spikes 6’"—8" long: spike- lets 2” diam.—Haz. Trinidad!, Cr. ; [Portorico and Mexico to Brazil !]. ** Sterile glumes 3-5-nerved. / 66. P. distichum, Z. Rhizome creeping; leaves convolute or conduplicate (rarely flat), usually glabrous (except at the base); spies 2, one terminal, the lateral approxt- mate: axis linear, flat on the back, glabrous, narrower thau the spikelets ; spikelets 2-se- riate, shortly pedicellate, ovate, pointed, glabrous: sterile glumes 3-5-nerved.—Spikes 1!- 2”, spikelets 1-14!" long. a. Stem slender; leaves narrow, linear-acuminate, convolute: sheath biconvex.—Zrzn. Ic, ¢. 112.—P. litorale, R.Br. Digitaria paspaloides, Dud. (won Mich.) B. vaginatum, Sw.! Stems creeping or ascending from the leafy branched base; leaves lanceolate-acuminate, conduplicate (or flat): sheath loose, compressed.—Triz. Ic. ¢. 120. Has.. Jamaica !, all coll. (a, 8), common in pastures and wet places; Antigua!, Wudischi. (8); Trinidad !, Sied. ; [Bermudas ! and United States! to Buenos Ayres!, Chili! and Juan Fernandez !; naturalized in South-western France ! (a) ; East Indies!, Australia]. “ 67. P. notatum, Fiiiyg. Rhizome creeping; stem simple, erect, or ascending ; leaves laiceolate-acuminate, flat, superior shorter: sheath compressed ; spikes 2, one terminal the other approximate : axis linear, flat on the back, glabrous, narrower than the spikelets ; spikelets 2-seriate, ovate-roundish or ovate, blunt, glabrous: sterile glumes 3-5-nerved.— Sw. Obs. t.2.f.1. Trin. Ic. t. 114.—P. distichum, Sw. (non L.: for Linneeus’s descrip- tion is to be referred to the preceding allied species). P. Michauxianum, Steud. in Pé. Philippi, 410 (non Kth.).—Leaves 4! broad ; spikes 2"-1", spikelets 1-14" long.— Has. Antigua!, Wudlschl. ; Trinidad, Cr. ; [Southern United States; Cuba! to Uruguay]. ' 68. P. filiforme, Sw. (non Fliigg.) Rhizome ceespitose; stem slender, erect, about as long as the long, filiform, glabrous leaves; spikes single(-“ 8”), slightly incurved : axis 3- gonal, convex on the back, glabrous, narrower than the spikelets; spikelets sae ovate N 542 GRAMINEZ. with a bluntish point, shortly pedicellate, g brous : sterile glumes 8—5-nerved.—P. Swartzi- anum, Fliigg.—3'-1' high; spikes 3/-1", spikelets 1!-2!" long.—Has. Jamaica!, Pd., Al., March, Wils., common in dry pastures; Trinidad !, Pd., in savanuahs. 69. P. pulichellum, Ath. Rhizome cespitose; stem slender, erect; leaves narrow, pilose ; spikes 2-3, one terminal, the other subapproximate: axis 3-gonal, flattish on the back, glabrous with a villous tuft at the base, narrower than the spikelets ; spikelets 2-serial, elliptical, blunt, shortly pedicellate, glabrous: sterile glumes 3-nerved, lower (second) much shorter than the flower, caducous or abortive.—K7h. N. Gen. t. 26.—2 high; leaves 1/3" broad; spikes 2’-1", spikelets 2!"-1" long: glume purplish—Has. Trinidad! Lock. ; (Venezuela, equat. Brazil !]. §.3. Spokelets 4-seriate in pairs, or 2-3-seriate by abortion of one of the pedicels in each pair. Fertile convex glumes of the exterior spikelets placed against the axis, of the in- terior ones turned more or less to the opposite side. * Spike 1, terminal, the other (if present) inserted lower down. 70. P. decumbens, Swv./ Stoloniferous ; leaves flat, hairy: sheath loose: peduncles slender, from the upper axils of the branched stem; spikes single, incurved : axis filiform, glabrous (or pilose below); spikelets 4-seriate in pairs, pedicellate, roundish, minutely and bluntly mucronate or rounded, glabrescent: sterile glumes 3, two superior 3-nerved,, lowest deltoid, minute (rarely abortive), second shorter than the flower, third furnished with a palea.—Kth, Rév. t. 16. Trin. Ie. ¢.146.—Panicum, 2. 8. P. protensum, Pl. Spruce! An anomalous congener, but closely approaching the following species; 1'-2' high, slender ; leaves short, 4!"-2'" broad; spikes 1” long: spikelets }/’—2!" diam.—Has. Jamaica!, Sw., in arid sandy hilis of the western districts ; Trinidad !, Lockh., Cr.; [Venezuela! to Brazil !]. / 1. BP. setaceum, Mich. Rhizome creeping; leaves flat, pilose; spites 2-1(-8), slen-“ der, slightly ineurved, one terminal, inferior usually distant: axis linear, flat on the back, glabrous, narrower’ than the spikelets ; spitedets 4-seriate in pairs or 2-3-seriate, pedicellate, . goundish, blunt, glabrous (rarely puberulous): sterile glumes 2, equalling the flower, obso- . Aetely nerved.—Trin. Ic, ¢. 129, 180.—P. dasyphyllum, £7. P. ciliatifolium, Mick. P.. longifolium, Steud.—1!-2' high; leaves 4!-2" broad: spikes 2”(—4") long: spikelets 3!" diam.—Has. Antigua!, Wudlschi. ; [United States ! to Brazil !]. /. 72. P. cespitosum, Figg. Rhizome creeping ; leaves flat, glabrous, except at the base; spies 1-4, slender, one terminal, the other distant : axis linear, flattish on the back, glabrous, narrower than the spikelets; spitelets 4(-3)-seriate in pairs, elliptical, blunt, pe- dicellate, glabrescent: sterile glumes 8-5-nerved.—Thin. Ic. ¢. 121.—P. dissectum, Sw. (non L.) P. rhizomatosum and coleopodum, Stewd.—"'-1}" long; leaves 2!-14!" broad ; spikes 1-2", spikelets 4/"-3" broad.—Has. Jamaica!, Wudlschl., AL, on dry pastures ; {Cuba ! to Guiana !]. 73. P. fimbriatum, Kth. Ceespitose, erect; leaves broadly flat, ciliate ; spikes 2-7, one terminal, the other distant: axis 3-gonal, flat on the back, glabrescent (except at the base), narrower than the spikelets; spitelets 4-seriate, ovate, blunt, mucronate, pedicellate : sterile glumes 8-nerved, both or inferior (the second) crested with a broad, lacerate, mar- ginal wing.—Kih. Nov. Gen. t. 28.—1'-1}' high; leaves 4’”-8!" broad, inferior long; spikes 1"-2", spikelets (without the wing) 1’ long: wing 2!"-2” broad, rusty.—Has. An- tigua!, Wullschl. ; (New Granada, Brazil]. 74, B. glabrum, Poir. Czspitose, erect; leaves long, flat, glabrous; spikes filiform, 3-10, slightly nodding, one terminal, the other distané, often one-sided: axis linear, convex on the back, glabrous (except at the base), narrower than the spikelets; spikelets 4-8-seriate with the pairs somewhat distant, obovate-oblong or elliptical-oblong, dunt, puberulous or glabrescent, unequally pedicellate : sterile glumes 3-nerved.—Thin. Zc. ¢t. 126.—P. ischno- caulon, Zr. P. milicides, Poir.: a form with 6"-8" long, numerous spikes.—8! high ; leaves about 2” broad; spikes 6”-2"(-8"), spikelets 1! long, the latter greenish.—Has. Antigua!, Wullschl, ; [Haiti to S. Thomas]. - 75. P. plicatulum, Mich. Cmspitose, stout, erect ; inferior leaves long; spikes 8-12, one terminal, the other distant : axis 3-gonal, flattish on the back, glabrous (except at the GRAMINEA, 543 base), narrower than the spikelets ; spikelets 4-8-seriate, oval or obovate-roundish, dlunt,. pedicellate, glabrescent: sterile glumes 5-nerved, superior (the third) at length flat within the tumid margin.—Trin. Ic. t. 140.—P.undulatum, Poir.—Nearly allied to P. scrobicu- datum, L., of the old world, the spikes of which have a broader axis. 2/8! high, variable in the down ; leaves 4’”-1"" broad ; spikes 1”-2”, spikelets 1’”-14"" long, the latter becoming brown.—Has. Jamaica !, all coll.; [United States to Uruguay !]. 76. P. virgatum, L. Czspitose, stout, erect ; leaves long, flat, glabrous, scabrous at the margin ; spikes numerous, one terminal, about as long as the rest, the other spreading, subapproximate, rarely geminate: axis 3-gonal, convex or flattish on the back, scabrous at the margin or ciliate (rarely glabrate), narrower than or as broad as the spikelets ; spikelets 4-seriate, obovate or roundish-elliptical, blunt, mucronate, pedicellate, pubescent at the margin or glabrous: sterile glumes 5-nerved, superior slightly loosened at the margin.—S/. ¢. 69. f. 2.—Andropogon fasciculatus, L. Sp. ed. ii. (ex Ic. St.)—Very variable, 3-5" high; leaves 8'’-3'" broad ; spikes 3-5", spikelets 1” long. a. Axis nearly as broad as the spikelets; glumes becoming brown; leaves narrow. 8. stramineum. Axis half as broad as the spikelets: glumes straw-coloured or at length purplish-tawny, usually glabrous——Zrin. Ic. ¢. 181.—Leaves broad or narrow. Has. Tamaica!, A/., March, common in savannahs! (a, 6); Antigua!, Wwddschl. (8) ; Trinidad !, Sied. Zr. 11; [Cuba! and Mexico! to Uruguay !]. ** Snikes numerous, the superior gradually shorter. 77. P. paniculatum, LZ. Czspitose, erect ; leaves long, broad, hairy or glabrescent, undulate ; spikes numerous, slender, superior shorter, approximate, iuferior often 2-3-nate, most curved-spreading : az7s 3-gonal, convex or flattish on the back, narrower than the small spikelets ; spikelets 4-3-seriate, roundish or obovate-roundish, blunt, puberulous on the convex side, unequally pedicellate: sterile glumes 3-nerved.—S/. ¢. 72. f. 2. Trin. Ie. ¢. 127.—P. strictum, Pers. P. polystachyon, Sa/zm.—2'-3’ high; leaves 8/-12! broad; inferior spikes 3” long, spikelets 4!" diam., tinged with browu.—Has. Jamaica], all coll. ; Trinidad !, Sch. ; (Cuba! and California! to Rio Grande do Sul!; Galapagos !]. 78. BP. densum, Poir. Stout, erect; leaves long, glabrous; spzkes very numerous, thickish, densely approximate, spreading, superior gradually shorter, most 2-3-nate along the suleate common axis: special axis 3-gonal, flat on the back, ciliate with long hairs (or “glabrate”), about as broad as the small spikelets ; spikelets 4-seriate, roundish, rounded with a minute blunt point, unequally pedicellate, g/ubrous : sterile glumes 3-nerved.—Trin. Ic. t. 122.—4'-5' high; leaves 6!" broad; inferior spikes 2"(~5"), uppermost 3!" long} spikelets 1! diam., straw-coloured.—Has. S. Vincent!, Gut/d.; (Cuba! and Mexico! to Brazil !]. Seet. 2. Casnura, Lag.—Spikelets involucrate by a bundle of yellow bristles. 79. BP. pulchrum, /7. Cespitose, erect ; leaves hairy or ciliate at the base; spikes 2-8, 1(-2)-terminal, most approximate: axis 3-gonal, flat on the back, as broad as the spikelets, ciliate: involucral bristles yellowish, spreading, longer than the spikelets: spake- lets 2-seriate, subsessile, obovate-ob/ong, bluntish: sterile glumes 3-5-nerved, glabrous or puberulous along the nerves—K¢h. Rev. t. 164. Trin. Ie. t. 99, 101.—P. canescens, Ns. / : the hairy form. P. ramosissimum, Ws. /: a form branched at the base. P. chrysostachyum, Schred.: the form with glabrous glumes. P. aureum, PZ. Spruce. P. chrysodactylon. 77. —2'-3' high; leaves somewhat rigid, 4/’-2’” broad; spikes 4-2-1"), spikelets 3/”, bristles 1/” long —Has. Trinidad !, Cr. ; [Guiana !, Brazil "). 83. DIGITARIA, Scop. Character of Paspalum, but fertile glume membranaceous at the margin, and broadly over- lapping the palea. Lowest sterile glume often appearing, but minute. Caryopsis concave- convex, rarely flat-convex.—Root mostly annual 3 Spiciform racemes approximate or Sasci- cled: spikelets narrow, in pairs, one pedicellate, the other subsessile: fertile glume placed against the axis. : is * Spikes suberect. ¢ 78. D. filiformis, Wih/. (non Koel.). Slender, hairy at the base; leaves narrow ; 544 GRAMINE. spikes 2-8, suberect: axis filiform; spikelets elliptical oblong, pointed; lowest glume wanting, second little shorter than the flower.—Zrin. Ic, ¢. 148.—Panicum, L. Paspalum, _ Fligg. Milium paniceum, Sw.—}'-2! high; spikes 1-2", spikelets 4!” long; flower > Gurple ; caryopsis flat-convex.— Haz. Jamaica (Sw.), in dry, sandy soil; [United States! to Brazil !]. s ** Spikes spreading. 79. D. marginata, Zi. Softly pilose below; spikes 2-8, spreading: axis 3-winged, about as broad as the spikelets; spikelets lanceolate or oblong-lanceolate, pointed ; lowest glume minute or abortive, second exceeding haif the flower, third 5-nerved, pubescent at the margin: its lateral nerves converging.—Trin. Ic. ¢. 93.—Milium digitatum, Sw. / (Paspalum, Kth.; D. jamaicensis, Spreng.) : « form with glabrous leaves, and the lowest . glume often abortive ; what Swartz says of serrate leaves, refers to their margin sometimes a undulate, as occurs often in Panicee. D. ertogona, Lk. (Panicum, Schrad.!): a form with the leaves and their sheaths softly pilose. D. egyptiaca, Parlat. (nou Retz). Panicum glau- cescens, Ns, Distinguished from D. sanguinalis, Scop., by narrow, usually greenish spikelets, and a longer second glume; spikelets 1 long—Has. Jamaica !, all coll., in dry pastures; S. Kitts !, E/s., Antigua!, Wullsch/. ; (southern United States! to Chile! and Brazil!; Galapagos! to Australia!; East Indies!; Arabia! to trop. Africa !}. 80. D. setigera, Rik. Softly pilose below, spikes numerous (-5-2), spreading: axis narrowly 3-winged, usually bearing a long hair below several pedicels, little narrower than or as broad as the spikelets; spikelets lanceolate or oblong-lanceolate, pointed; lowest glume minute, second half as long as the flower, third 5-nerved, pubescent at the margin : all its nerves equidistant, nearly parallel). horizontalis, W. (Panicum, Mey., Ns. /). D. setosa, Desv. (Panicum Hamiltonii, A¢h.).—Spikelets greenish, 1! long.—Has. Jamaica!, Wils.; Autigua!l, Wullschl., Dominica!, Imr. ; Trinidad !, Cr.; (all tropical countries ; Cape]. 34. ERIOCHLOA, K72. Character of Paspalum, but fertile glume exceeded by the sterile pair and terminated with an included, pubescent awn or tuft of hairs. Spikelets hairy, pointed, pedicellate : pedicel abruptly thickened at the joint below the flower.—Spiciform racemes subsessile, usually alternate along the common axis. 81. E. punctata, Hamilt. Perennial; stem erect, pubescent above: nodes pubescent ; leaves and sheaths glabrous; racemes erect, alternate, bearing many spikelets: axis pubes- cent; spikelets ovate-lanceolate, acuminate, sericeous-hairy, inferior geminate, superior single; superior sterile glume devoid of a palea, fertile awned: awn one-third as long as its glume.—Trin. Ie. t. 158.—Milium, L. Helopus, Trix. Paspalum, Zrin.—l!-3! high; spikelets 2/ long —Has. Jamaica (Sw.): in wet pastures; Antigua!, Wudlschi., 8. Vin- cent !, Guild. ; Trinidad !, Cr.; [Arkansas ! to Buenos Ayres!]. 35. STENOTAPHRUM, Zr. Spikelets inserted into the excavations of the axis. Lowest g/ume minute, exterior : second supporting the fertile flower (or abortive) : third of firmer texture, usually ¢. Fer- tile flower coriaceous, awnless.-—Long-creeping, stoloniferous grasses; leaves distichous, flat: sheath spreading ; spike simple or inflorescence contracted : branches shore, jointed. 82. S. americanum, Schré. Leaves linear, blunt: sheath compressed: sprke one- sided: axis compressed, broader than the spikelets, convex-flattish on both sides: branches appressed, sunk into its 2-seriate excavations: spikelets 1-2, one at the base of tbe branch, , the other (if present) at its summit.—Schrk. H. Monac, t. 98. Rottbellia dimidiata, Sw. ~ R. stolonifera, Potr. Diastemanthe platystachys, Steud.—Spikelets oblong-lanceolate, pointed, 2" long. —Has. Jamaica!, 4/, March; 8. Kitts!, Autigua!, Wudlsehl., Domi- nical, Jmr.; Trinidad!, Cr.; [Bermudas!; Mexico! to Buenos Ayres!; Sandwich islands !]. 36. ORTHOPOGON, &. Br. Sterile glumes 3, herbaceous, awned, the 2 superior gradually larger aud shorter-awned (or GRAMINEA. 545 not awned). Fertile flower chartaceous, awnless.— Ascending, broad-leaved grasses, radicant at the base ; spike compound, often interrupted : spikelets one-sided. ; 83. O. hirtellus, R. Br. Leaves lanceolate, acuminate, undulate, puberulous: sheath pilose ; spikes distant; common axis pubescent: spikelets 8-10, pubescent ; lowest awn smooth, bluntish, 8-5 times as long as its glume; third glume shortly awned, furnished with a palea.—Panicum, L., Sw. (Oplismenus, FR. S.). P. velutinum, Mey.— Leaves 14-23" long, 4-6" broad; lowest awn 4!"5!" long.—Has. Jamaica !, March, in woods; Trinidad |, Sch, ; [Guiana]. . 84, O. loliaceus, Spreng. Leaves oblong-lanceolate or lanceolate, acuminate, glabrous (or glabrescent) : sheath glabrous, ciliate (rarely sparingly pilose) ; spikes about as long as their internodes, usually oblong : common axis nearly glabrous, special hispid: spikelets fascicled, subdistant, glabrous or glabrescent; lowest awn smooth, bluntish, 3-4 times as long as its glume; third glume shortly awned, furnished with a palea——Panicum, Lam. Oplismenus, P. B. O. cubensis, Snreng.—Leaves 2"-4" long, 5’”-8!" broad; spikes 5! 10", lowest awn 4!_8! long. —Has. Dominica!, Imr.; Trinidad!, Or.; [Cuba! and Mexico! to Brazil !]. 7 85, O. setarius, Spreng. Leaves ovate-lanceolate cr lanceolate, shortly acuminate, glabrescent: sheath ciliate ; spikes short, very distant : common axis nearly glabrous, special hispidulous: spikelets 3-, glabrescent with ciliate glumes, approximate; lowest awn -smooth, bluntish, much longer than its glume; third glume shortly awned, furnished with a paleaa—Panicum, Lam. Oplismenus, P. B.—Habit exactly of 0. undulatifolius, Spreng., which has pilose sheaths and undulate leaves. Leaves 1!'-2" long, 3'"-6"" broad ; spikes 2/4", lowest glume 3!"-6"" long. — Has. Jamaica!, A/., Wils.; Antigua!, Wullscht , Dominica !, Zmr.; [Cuba! and Mexico! to Brazil]. ¢ , a 37. PANICUM, L. Sterile glumes 3, herbaceous or membranaceous, awnless, lowest clasping, mostly smaller, superior usually furnished with a palea. Fertile flower at length cartilaginous, usually awn- less, flat-convex or ovoid. i Sect. 1. Bracuiarta, Zr.—Fertile flower flat-conver. Spikelets ellipsoidal, pointed, 2-4-seriate on one side of the axis, in terminal and lateral, subsessile, alternate spikes or spiciform racemes. § 1. Fertile flower compressed, from the back, awnless (Paspaloidea, Ns.). - 86. P. paspaloides, Pers. Perennial, glabrous; leaves linear-acuminate: ligule shortly ciliate; lateral spikes about as long as their internodes, erect ; spikelets 2-seriate, very shortly pedicellate, glabrous ; lowest glume subtruncate, one-third as long as, second little shorter than, the fertile flower, the latter ovate, pointed, dotted.—Trin. Ic. ¢. 168.— P. truncatum, Zr. P. affine, Ns.—l/-2' high; spikes 12'"-6 long, 10-20, inferior longer ; spikelets 1’ long—Has. Antigua!, Wudlschi.; (Haiti! and Mexico to Brazil ; Egypt! to trop. Africa and East Indies]. § 2. Fertile flower terminated by a scabrous mucro. Embryo larger than half the length of the albumen (Echinochloa, P. B.). VY 87. P. colonum, L. Annual ; leaves linear-acumivate, glabrous : ligule none ; lateral spikes about as long as their internodes ; spikelets 4(—6)-seriate, very shortly pedicellate, scabrous-pubescent ; sterile glumes mucronate, lowest short, 2 superior equalling or shortly exceeding the fertile flower, the latter elliptical, nearly half-terete, minutely mucronate.— Trin, Ic. t. 160.—P. pseudocolonum, Rzh.: a form with bristles at the base of the spikes. P. Daltoni, Parlat.!: the same. . zonale, Guss.: a form with purple-zonate leaves. P. brizoides, Sw. ? (non L.). P. fluitans, Mey. Esseg. (non Retz). P. Petiveri, Kotsch, Nub. (non Trin.).—1'-1¥' high; spikes 6-12" long, 4-20, inferior longer ; spikelets 1 long. —Has. Jamaica!, all coll.; Antigua !, Wullschi., Dominica 1, Imr. ; Trinidad !, AZ. ; [common in all trepical countries, ranging to Texas !, Florida!, Spain!, southern Italy !, Egypt ! and Arabia!]. ” 546 GRAMINE. 88. P. Crus-galli, Z. Annual, erect; leaves linear-acuminate, glabrous: ligule none ; lateral spikes execeding their internodes ; spikelets 4—6-seriate, shortly pedicellate, hispi- dulous ; sterile glumes mucronate, the third usually awned, lowest short, the 2 superior equalling or shortly exceeding the fertile flower, the latter elliptical, half-terete, smooth, mucronate.—TZrin. Ie. ¢. 161.—Spikes 1-3", spikelets 2”-1"" long. The West Indian forms are, P. echinatum, W. (Trin. t. 162): spikelets large, very long-awned ; and P. sabu- licolum, Ns. (Trin. t. 168): spikelets awned, small.—H as. Trinidad !, Cr. ; [all temperate and most tropical countries]. 89. P. spectabile, Ns. Stout; nodes bearded ; leaves long ; lanceolate-acuminate, glabrescent : ligule long-ciliate ; spikes numerous, superior exceeding their internodes : axis bearing bristles; spibelets 4-6-seriate, shortly pedicellate, hispid-ciliate ; lowest glume broadly clasping, pointed, half as long as the flower, second mucronate, third awned ; fertile flower ovate, pointed and mucronate, smooth.—Zrin. Ic. t. 166.—P. aristatum, Macf.! Oplismenus jamaicensis, Xth.—Has. Jamaica!, Macf.; Antigua!, Wullschl. ; [Tabasco!, Guiana!, Brazil !]: Sect. 2. Virearta, Tr. emend.—Fertile flower flat-convex. Spikelets ellipsoidal (or lan- ceolate), pointed, paniculate : nedicels mostly angular, often geminate. § 1. Avis of the panicle once or twice divided : branches scattered (rarely fascicled) ; pe- dicels short, mostly shorter than the spikelet, irregularly or strictly one-sided, ' * Fertile flower compressed from the back, transversely wrinkled with dots. ~~ 90. P. prostratum, Zam. Creeping, radicant at the base; leaves short, lanceolate- acuminate or ovate-lanceolate, clasping at the ciliate base; panicle short, simply branched ; spikelets glabrous, erect, one-sided, one in the pair subsessile; dowest glume short, subtrun- cate, 2 superior exceeding the fertile flower, second 7-, third 5-nerved; fertile flower ellip- ‘tical, compressed from the back, dotted, minutely mucronate.—Trin. Ic. t. 184, 185.— P. caespitosum, Sw. P. procumbens, Ns. P. umbrosum, Retz. P. insularum, Stewd.— Leaves 1-2", spikes 6-12" long, the latter usually green, spreading-erect ; spikelets 1” long: rhachis often with bristles——Han. Jamaica (Sw.), in dry pastures; Antigua!, Wullsehi, ; (Louisiana! and Cuba! to Brazil!; Egypt! and Arabia! to East Indies! and Australia !]. - 91. P. grossarium, L., Sw. Ascending, ceespitose; leaves lanceolate-linear, acumi- nate, ciliate at the base ; panicle spreading : branches simple, few ; spikelets glabrous (“or puberulous ”), erect, irregularly one-sided : lowest. glume deltord, pointed, one-third as long as the spikelet, 2 superior exceeding the fertile flower, both 5-nerved; fertz/e flower ellip- tical, bluntish, compressed from the back, dotted. —Zrin. Ic. ¢. 169.—P. adspersum, Zr.— 1-2! high ; leaves 2"—-4!" long, 4!" broad; spikes 2”, spikelets about 14" long, the latter cnspidate, green.— Has. Jamaica! (Lien.), March ; Saba!, Forsstrém, Antigua!, Wellschl. ; [Haiti, S. Barthélemy !}. ** Fertile flower nearly half-terete, transversely wrinkled with dots. 92. P. carthaginense, Sw. Cwspitose, branched, prostrate or ascending, pubescent ; leaves lanceolate-acuminate ; panicle short, narrow: branches few, simple: axis villose- , Pilose ; spikelets puberulous or glabrous, erect, irregularly one-sided ; /awest glume broadly ovate, pointed, 3-5-nerved, half as long as the spikelets, 2 superior equalling the fertile flower, second 7-, third 5-nerved: nerves reticulated by transverse veins ; Sertile flower ellipsoidal, potted, dotted, half-terete—P. mudticulmum, Anders.! ; the form with glabrous spikelets —Stems 6”—12" long ; leaves 1-2" long, 8-2" broad ; panicle 1-2", spikelets 14" long, the latter greenish, purple above-—Has. Jamaica!, Al.; [Mexico to New Granada; Galapagos !}. . 98. PB. fuscam, Sw. Annual, erect; Jeaves linear- or lanceolate-acuminate, glabrous: sheath pilose or glabrescent; panicle spreading, simply branched: axis hairy; spikelets a glabrous, erect, irregularly one-sided ; /owest glume deltoid, pointed, 3-nerved, one-third ‘" to half as long as the spikelet, 2 superior little ‘exceeding the fertile flower, both 7-, or the third 5-7-nerved: nerves reticulated by transverse veins; fertile flower roundish-ellip- soidal, d/untish, dotted, half-terete.—Zrin. Ic. ¢, 206.—1'-3! high ; leaves 3’-10", spike- lets 1” long, the latter brown or dark-purple. GRAMINER. 547 a. Teaves 3!"-5! broad: sheath often glabrescent ; panicle 3/4" long: branches scat- tered.—P. reticulatum, P/. Carid. B. fusciculatum, Sw. Stouter; leaves 6-11" broad; panicle 6-8" long: lower branches half-whorled.—P. paludicola, Steud. : the Guadeloupe-plant (non Ns.). Has, Jamaica}, all coll., a, along watercourses, 8, in pastures; Trinidad!, Cr. (8); (Cuba! and Mexico! to Brazil!; Texas! ; Galapagos !]. 94. P. flavescens, Si. Annual, erect ; eaves lanceolate-linear or elliptical-lanceolate, acuminate, costate, pilose or glabrate; panicle spreading: branches simple, scattered: axis bearing bristles and hairs; spikelets glabrous, erect, irregularly one-sided ; lowest glume broadly ovate, bluntish, 3-nerved, one-quarter to one-third as long as the spikelet, second 7-5-nerved, two-thirds as long as the fertile flower, third equalling it, 5-nerved: nerves not connected ; fertile flower ellipsoidal, pointed, slightly compressed from the back, dotted. *—P. paractanioides, Tr.—Allied to P. palmifolium, 14!'-4! high ; leaves 3-8" long, 4!-14!" broad: the broader oues plaited: sheath softly pilose; panicle 4-8, spikelets 1” long, the latter yellowish-green or with a purple tinge——Has. Jamaica!, Wullschl., Pd., March, 8. Andrews, Manchester, in arid places, Bluefield mouutains in Westmoreland; An- tigua!, Wudlschl. ‘ 95. P. palmifolium, Poir. Stout; Jeaves long, elliptical-lanceolate, narrowly acumi- nate, plaited-costate, delicately pilose beneath ; panicle long, dense: branches spreading- erect, long, inferior compound, racemiform : axis slightly scabrous, bearing bristles ; spike- lets glabrous, erect, irregularly one-sided ; /owest glume ovate-oblong, with bluntish point, 5-3-nerved, half as long as the spikelet, second 7-5-nerved, as long as the fertile flower, third exceeding it, 5-nerved; fertile flower ellipsoidal, pointed, slightly compressed from the back, dotted.— P. plicatum haitiense, Kth.: probably confounded with the East Indian P. plicatum, Lam., Roxb. (Jacq. Eclog. Gr. t. 1. Trin. Ic. t. 223), in which the lowest glume is much shorter and ovate-rounded. Leaves 12-16" long, 1'—-2" broad ; panicle 13’, inferior branches 6”, secondary ones 6!” long, the latter appressed; spikelets green, 14!" long, exceeded by the scattered bristles.—]1aB. Jamaica!, March; [Haiti (ex syn. Kth.)]. — 96. P. suleatum, 4zd/. Stout; /eaves long, elliptical-lanceolate, acuminate, plaited- costate, glabrescent ; panicle long, dense: branches short, spreading, inferior compound, racemiform: axis scabrous, bearing bristles; spikelets glabrous, erect, one-sided; lowest glume ovate-roundish, blunt, 5-3-nerved, one-third as lony as the spikelet, second {-5- ‘nerved, half as long as the fertile flower, third equalling it, 5-nerved; fertile flower ellip- .soidal, pointed, half-terete, slightly dotted.—-Setaria, Bert —4'-6! high ; lcaves and panicle of the preeeding, but branches shorter, the largest usually 2” long, bristles more numerous, .and spikelets 1! long.—Has. Trinidad!, Sek. ; [Mexico ! to Brazil !]. 97. P. molle, Sw. Perennial, stout, ascending; nodes villous; leaves long, linear- acuminate, glabrescent ; panicle lax: branches mostly simple, somewhat distant (or a few fascicled): spikelets glabrous, one-sided, spreading ; lowest glume deltoid, small, one-fourth as long as the spikelet, 1-nerved, 2 supertor equalling the fertile flower : 5-zerved : nerves not connected ; fertile flower roundish-ellipsoidal, bluntish, half-terete, slightly dotted.— Trin. Ic. ¢. 318.—P. barbinode, Zr. P. guadalupense, Steud. P. Meyerianum, Ns. (in Pi. Spruce): P. sarmentosum, Rord.. P. punctulatum, 4rn.—6'—2' high, pubescent or gla- brate; panicle greenish, 6-8" long: branches spreading, about 2", spikelets 1!” long.— Haz. Jamaica!, naturalized as an excellent pasture-grass, Wils.; Trinidad!, Cr.; (Cuba! to Brazil!; trop. Africa! to the Cape; East Indies !]. *t* Tortile flower smooth. | 98. P. oryzoides, Sw./ Perennial, stout, ascending, glabrous (or glabrescent) ; Zeaves cordate-lanceolate, acuminate; panicle lax: branches simple, distant: spikelets large, glabrous, irregularly one-sided, erect ; glumes exserted with a minute, bluntish appendage at the pointed summit, lowest ovate, 3-nerved, exceeding half the spikelet, 2 superior equalling the fertile flower, 5-nerved ; fertile flower elliptical-oblong, smooth, half-terete. —K¢h. Rév, t. 28.—P. zizanioides, Kth.—5/-2! high ; leaves 3/'-6" long, 510" broad ; panicle 6! 8" long, green: branches 3/-4" long; spikelets distant, 3!” long —Hax. Jamaica!, Sw., Al., March, Wullschl., in mountain-woods ; [Guiana!, Brazil !]. / 99. B, stenodes, Gr. Annual, czespitose, erect, glabrous: leaves setaceous-linear, in- 548 GRAMINES. volute; panicle narrow : branches few, distant, suberect, inferior compound, racemiform : spikelets minute, glabrous, irregularly one-sided, erect ; lowest glume one-third to half as long as the spikelet, 3-nerved, 2 superior 5—7-nerved, equalling the fertile flower, or the second a little shorter; fertile flower ellipsoidal, pointed, smooth, half-terete.—P. hians, Pl. Spruce (non Ell.) —1\'-1}' high; panicle 1-2", spikelets 3!" long, the latter greenish, pointed —Has. Jamaica!, Pd., in savannahs, Manchester ; Trinidad !, Pd., in sandy swamps ; [Cuba!; Brazil !]. 100. P. diffusum, Sw. Annual, erect: zodes villous ; leaves linear-acuminate, glabrous ; panicle lax, spreading : branches scattered, inferior sparingly compound, racemiform : pe- dicels often longer than the spikelet : spikelets glabrous, irregularly one-sided, erect ; lowest glume half as long as the spikelet, 5-nerved, second 9-13-nerved, a little shorter than the 7-9-nerved third one, both exceeding the ellipsoidal, pointed, half-terete, smooth fertile flower.—ITrin. Ic. t. 263.—P. hirsutum, V./ (non Sw.).—1'-2! high, anomalous in *§ 1 by its often filiform pedicels, which in smaller specimens however are short; leaves rigid: sheath glabrous or pilose; panicle 3-6", spikelets 1" long, the latter pale-green—Has. Antigua !, Waudischl.; [Cubal, 8. Croix !]. 101. P.laxum, Sw.! Stem compressed, ascending from a creeping base: odes gla- brous ; leaves linear-acuminate, glabrous ; panicle spreading: inferior branches com- pound, racemiform: spikelets minute, glabrous, irregularly one-sided, erect ; lowest glume one-third to half as long as the spikelet, \-3-nerved, 2 superior equalling the fertile flower, second 5-, third 3-nerved ; fertile flower elliptical-oblong, pointed, smooth, half-terete— Kth, R&v.t. 110. Trin, Ic. t. 215.—P. tenuiculmum, Mey. P. diandrum, K¢A.: stamens 2-3. P. ramuliflorum, Hochst. /—2'-8' high; panicle greenish or tinged with purple, 4-15" long; spikelets 3!” long, acute, or with a bluntish point—Has. Jamaica!, Sw., March, on wet pastures; Antigua!, Wudischl., Dominica!, Imr.; [Cuba ! to Brazil !). 102. P. potamium, Trin. Stem angular below, ascending from a creeping base : nodes villous ; leaves linear-acuminate, rounded at the base, glabrous ; panicle spreading, deltoid: ‘branches compound, with spreading, racemiform branchlets: axis bearing a few bristles: _ spikelets glabrous, strictly one-sided, spreading or superior defleced ; lowest glume one-half to one-third as long as the spikelet, 3-nerved, 2 superior little exceeding the fertile flower, second 3-5-, third 3-nerved; fertile flower elliptical-lanceolate, pointed, smooth, half- terete.—P. hydrophilum, Tr. (non Schult.) P. polygonatum, Sieb. Trin. (non Schrad.). P. tenuiculmum, Ws. in Pl. Seem.! (non Mey.).—1'-2' high; panicle pale-green, 3!-4!' diam.: inferior secondary branches 1", spikelets 3/" long,—Has. Trinidad!, Sied., Sch. ; (Mexico ! to Brazil !). 108. P. distichum, Zam. Stoloniferous, erect or ascending, glabrous or pilose at the nodes and sheaths; leaves lanceolate- or linear-acuminate, rounded at the base; panicle spreading, tapering at the summit: Jrazches simple, numerous, uppermost shorter, approxi- mate; spikelets ovate, glabrous, deflexed; lowest glume half as long as the spikelets, 3-5- nerved, 2 superior equal, 5-nerved, as long as the ovate, pointed, smooth, half-terete fertile flower —Trin. Ic. t. 218.—1'-5' high; panicle 4-12", its inferior subdistant branches 1"-12"", green spikelets 4!" long. a. Nodes glabrous; leaves 8-4" broad ; spikelets exceeded by the scattered hairs of the axis. B. pilosum, Sw. Nodes pilose-bearded ; leaves 4!-5’" broad; panicle shorter : branches more distant: axis pilose with scattered hairs. y. lancifolium, Stout; nodes densely villous; leaves 8’’-10' broad; panicle long: axis of its branches glabrous. . Haz. Jamaica!, 4/., Wils., common in pastures (8); Dominica !, Jmr. (a), S. Vincent !, Guild. ; Trinidad !, Sch., Cr. (a, y) ; [Mexico to Brazil!; Pacific islands]. 104. BP. frondescens, Mey. Ascending from a creeping base, glabrescent; leaves striate, obliquely oblong-lanceolate or ovate-lanceolate, acuminate: sheath ciliate ; panicle spreading, tapering above: branches simple, much longer than their internodes, superior gradually shorter, densely approximate : spite/ets ovate-lanceolate, glabrous, deflered-spread- ing ; lowest glume one-third to one-fonrth as long as the spikelet, 3-nerved, second ex- ceeded by the third, 5-T-nerved, third twice as long as the oblong-lancealate, pointed, smooth, half-terete fertile flower.—Kth. Rév, t. 108.—P. stoloniferum, var. majus, 7r.— GRAMINES. 549 y/-3! high 3 leaves 14-3" broad, petioled; panicle 7-2", its inferior branches 1-3", spike- lets 14”"-13" long, the latter preen.—Has. 8. Vincent!, Guidd.; Trinidad!, Gy; (Guiana !, Brazil !1. 105. P. stoloniferum, Poir. Creeping, diffuse, soft/y hairy ; leaves short, striate, oblong-lanceolate, pointed; panicle short, spreading : branches simple, about twice as long as their internodes: spikelets ovate-lanceolate, glabrous, one-sided, deflexed ; lowest glume short, B8-uerved, 2 superior subequal, almost twice as long as the elliptical-lanceolate, pointed, smooth, half-terete fertile tlower.— Kth. Iév. ¢.22. Trin. Ie. t. 171.—P. ctenodes, Tr.—Stems 6" long; leaves 8! long, 2!" broad, usually equal at the subpetioled, rounded base; panicle 1-2", its branches 4!'-6"", spikelets 1!” long, the latter yellowish-green.— Has. Trinidad!, Cr., common in woods; [Guiana, Brazil]. § 2. Panicle very loose, twice or more divided : inferior branches whorled, or half: whorled : pedicels erect. ny ge . 106*. P. maximum, Jacq. Perennial, stout: nodes (“usually”) villous ; leaves linear-acuminate or Janceolate-linear, ciliate at the base and ligule ; panicle large: lower branches whorled, racemiform, usually bearing a few bristles : pedicels unequal, filiform : spikelets elliptieal-oblong, glabrous ; lowest glume short, ovate-rounded, subineurved, 2 superior little exceeding the fertile flower, 3-7-nerved; third ¢ with a palea ; fertile flower transversely wrinkled, half-terete.—Jacq. Ic. Rar. t. 18.4-P. jumentorum, Pers. P. trichocoudylum, Sted. P. fascieulatum, Pl. Carib. (non Sw.\—5'-10! high ; panicle 1'-14/, spikelets 14’” long.—Hs. Naturalized and cultivated in Jamaica !, 4.; Antigna!, Wullscht. ; 8. Vincent, Guild. ; Trinidad! Ek. ; [Cuba! and Mexico! to Buenos Ayres !, ouce introduced from trop. Africa]. 107. P. elephantipes, Ns. Perennial, stout: nodes glabrous; leaves broadly linear- acuminate, eiliate at the base and ligule, delicately hairy on the upper side, glabrous beneath and at the sheath; panicle large: lower branches whorled, all diffuse: pedicels unequal, angular: spikelets oblong-lanceolate, glabrous; lowest glume short, ovate-deltoid, 1-nerved, 2 superior little exceeding the fertile tlower, 7-5-nerved, third devoid of a palea ; fertile Jlowers smooth, compressed from the back, acuminate.—P. fistulosum, Hochst.—Stem 4" thick below, constricted al the brown nodes; leaves long, 4!'-8" broad ; panicle pale green, V-1}', spikelets 14/’-2" long.—Has. Jamaica!, Pd., in ditches, in the great morass of Westmoreland; [Guiana!, Brazil !]. 108. BP. Rudgei, R. §., Ns. Woody below, rigid: nodes sericeous; leaves linear- acuminate: sheath hispid with the bristles inserted into tubercles; panicles very diffuse, terminal and axillary subapproximate, subsessile: lowest branches fascicled : pedicels long, slender, angular: spikelets ellipsoidal, mucronate, lowest glume ovate-lanceolate, 5-9- nerved, exceeding half the spikelet, 2 superior exceeding the fertile flower, 7—9-nerved, third $ with a palea ; fertile flower smooth, elliptical, bluntish, compressed from the back. —fRudg. Guian. t. 29.—P. scoparium, Rudg. (non Mich.) P. cayennense, var. majus, Tr. P. cayennense, Lam. (P. cayenvense, var, minus) is a very different, annual grass, belonging to Miliaria.—4’-6' high, 14/"-2"" thick, variable in down; inferior leaves 3/—5!" broad; inflorescence 1-3’ long: the axillary panicles often exceeded by their supporting leaf ; spikelets 1” long —Has. Trinidad!, Cr., in savannahs; [Guiana!, Brazil !j. 109. P. hirsutum, Sw.! Woody below, erect: nodes sericeous ; leaves long, lanceo- late-linear, glabrous, ciliate at the ligule: sheath hispid with spreading-erect bristles ; panicle ‘large: lower branches half-whorled, secondary racemiform : pedicels unequal, angular : spikelets, ellipsoidal, glabrous ; lowest glume ovate, pointed, 4-3 as long as the spikelet, ‘5-nerved, 2 superior little exceeding the fertile flower, second 11-, hird 9-nerved, the latter with a palea, but neutral; fertile flowers smooth, ellipsoidal, somewhat pointed, slightly compressed from the back.—10/—12’ (-4') high; lower internodes 8’—-10" long, 6 '-8 thick ; leaves 2! long, 13"-1" broad; panicle \/-2! spikelets 1-3" long. —Has. Jamaica}, Sw.; Trinidad !, Cr., Lagoon of Cedros ; [Haiti]. 110. P. altissimum, Mey. Woody, “ arborescent :” nodes glabrous: leaves long, lanceolate-linear, acuminate, glabrous: ligule lacerate: sheath hispid with the deciduous bristles inserted into persistent tubercles ; panicle large: al/ branches whorled, simple, Ya- cemiform, naked below: pedicels short, distant, irregularly one-sided, angular: spikelets WN 550 GRAMINES. ellipsoidal, glabrous; lowest glume short, blunt, 3-5-nerved, 2 superior equalling the fertile flowers, 7-9-nerved, third with a palea, but neutral ; fertile flower smooth, ellipsoidally pointed, half-terete—P. clatius, Kt#.—6!-30' high, 4’"-6" thick: leaves 1/14! long, 12/15" broad; panicle 1'—14', its branches 6!"-8”, spikelets 13" long —Hasz. Triwidad !, Cr., in savannahs ; [Mexico! to Brazil]. Sect. 8. Icunanruus, P. B.—Character of Virgaria, but fertile flowers with two marginal keels or ligular appendages at the buse, and exterior glumes less unequal.—Leaves ovate, or lanceolate. * Ligular appendages of the flower wanting. 111. BP. alsinoides, Gr. (z. sp.) Creeping, delicate, softly pilose (or glabrescent) ; leaves ovate, acuminate, oblique at the sessile base; panicle few-branched: branches short, simple: pedicels short: spikelets oblong-lanceolate, acuminate, erect; /owest glume two- thirds as long as the spikelets, 3-nerved, 2 superior 5-nerved, exceeding the fertile flower, third neutral, with a palea ; fertile flower smooth, elliptical-lanceolate, bluntish, compressed from the back: basilar furrows keeled: keels decurrent to the callus below the flowers.— Nearly allied to the following, aud probably not distinguished from it by Swartz, but habit of P. stoloniferum, down soft, and proportions of the glumes different. Stems usually 3-5" long, ascending from branched, rooting stolons ; leaves 8!"-12" long, 3!—4" broad, hairy on both sides (or glabrescent) ;#pavicle 6/"-12"' long, often interrupted below: spikelets 14/2!" long, glabrescent, or hairy at the second glume, the latter equalling or exceeding the third, simply acuminate or with an awn-like point.—HaB. Jamaica!, March ; St. Kitts!; Trini- dad !, Pd., in dense shady woods; [Venezuela !, Ecuador !]. 112. P. nemorosum, Sw. Creeping-diffuse, hairy, or glabrescent ; leaves ovate, or ovate-lanceolate, pointed, oblique at the half-clasping base; panicle narrow, few-branched : branches short, simple: pedicels short: spikelets elliptical-oblong, erect: 3 sterile glumes subequal, or slightly unequal, exceeding the fertile flowers, lowest 3-nerved, 2 superior 5-nerved, third $ with a palea; fertile flower smooth, oblong, bluntish, nearly half-terete, 2-keeled at the base: keels decurrent to the callus below the flower.—Zrin. Ic. #. 210.— ,’-2! long ; leaves 1"-2" long, 4!"-8" broad: hairs spreading from tubercles ; panicle 1-14", spikelets 2-13" long.—Has. Jamaica (Sw.) ; (Haiti; Venezuela !]. 113. P. pallens, Sw. Ascending, branched, g/abrous (except at the ciliate sheaths) ; leaves ovate-lanceolate, acuminate, oblique at the ciliate, sessile base; panicle spreading: branches simple, or inferior compound, racemiform : pedicels angular: spikelets elliptical- * oblong, erect; lowest glume three-fourths to one-half as long as the spikelets, 3-5-nerved, 2 superior 5-7-nerved, exceeding the fertile flowers, third usually ¢, with a palea; fertde flowers smooth, oblong, blunt, nearly half-terete: dasilar furrows keeled: keels decurrent to the narrow callus below the flowers.—Tin. Ic. ¢. 211.—Variable, 1'-3' high; leaves 2-5" long, 6!'-18" broad ; panicle 2-6", spikelets 14/"-23" long —Has. Jamaica !, Pa., Wils., Wullschi., common in woods; Antigua!, Wudlsch/., Dominica!, Jmr.; Trinidad !, Cr. ; [Cuba! and Mexico! to Buenos Ayres!; Australia! ; Mast Indies !]. ** Fertile flower with two ligular appendages at the base. 114, P. nemorale, Schrad. Erect, leafy ; leaves oblong-lanceolate, acuminate, striate, glabrous, petioled : sheath ciliate, or villous; panicle spreading: branches scattered, simple, or compound ; pedicels geminate, short : spikelets oblong, with a bluntish point, erect; alt glumes subequal, or the lowest one-third shorter, the latter 3-5-nerved, 2 following 5-7- nerved: nerves costate ; fertile flower smooth, oblong-lanceolate, bluntish, half-terete, thrice as long as the 2 basilar appendages.—Trin. Ic. t. 217 —P. Martianum, Ns. Ich- nanthus almadensis, 4¢4..—1]’-2'(-5!) high, variable: our Trinidad form (P. Sabinei, 7.) has ensate, glabrous leaves, simple panicle-branches, and the lowest glume shorter than the others. Leaves 6”-4!" broad ; spikelets 2" long.—Has. Trinidad !, Cr. ; [Brazil !] 115, P. lagotis, Zrin. rect, leafy ; leaves onate-oblong, or ovate-lanceolate, point- leted, striate, glabrous, petioled : sheath ciliate ; panicle lax: branches scattered, or gemi- uate, simple: pedicels unequal, angular : spikelets elliptical-lanceolate, pointed, erect ; lowest glume half as long as the spikelet, 3-5-nerved, 2 superior equalling the fertile flowers, 5—7-nerved: nerves costate; fertile flowers smooth, oblong-lanceolate, bluntish, GRAMINEA. 551 half-terete, twice as long as the 2 basilar appendages.—Stems 3'-4/ high, several from a fibrous root; leaves 4-3" long, 14”-§" broad ; panicle 2"-6", spikelets 3” long.—Hasz. Trinidad!, Cr. ; [Brazil]. 116. P. ichnodes, Gr. (. sp.). Stout, leafy below; leaves long, lancevlate-linear, acuminate, hairy, or glabrate, sessi/e: midrib prominent beneath: sheath long-pilose, or ciliate, subcompressed, loose; panicle diffuse: branches compound, fascicled, inferior whorled, hairy at the base: spikelets oval, bluntish, much shorter than the Jiliform pedi- cels ; lowest glume two-thirds to three-fourths as long as the spikelet, 3-nerved, secoud little exceeded by the fertile flowers, third ¢, equalling the latter, both 5-7-nerved; fertile flower smooth, elliptical-lanceolate, bluutish, half-terete, 4-5 ¢imes as long as the 2 basilar appendages.—Structure of Ichnanthus leiocarpus, Kth. Rév. t. 168. (Panicum, Ns., zon Tr.), but leaves narrower, panicle richer (resembling P. maximum), and spikelets half as large. 3/6 high; leaves 12-8” long, 10’”-8" broad : hairs long, scattered ; panicle 8-4", pedicels 6”-2", spikelets 1-14" long.—Hap. Trinidad |, Cr., heights of S. Anne. Sect. 4. Lastacis.—Sprkelets paniculate, deflexed from the lowest, ventricose glume, usually obovate, blunt: pedicels angular. Fertile flower bearing a tuft of villous down at its summit, and with a dorsal furrow above its basilar callus: its palea gib- bous above. Sterile glumes leathery-chartaccous, shining, '1-18-nerved, often with a terminal tuft of hairs, the lowest short.—Stem shrubby. This section comprises nearly allied species, and former authors have combined them al- together: but their growth is very different, though in herbaria several forms appear to pass into each other. x“ 117. BP. divaricatum, LZ. Scandent, high: branches divaricate ; leaves lanceolate- linear, acuminate, glabrous, or slightly puberulous beneath; panicle few-branched : branches simple, or slightly compound : pedicels unequal: spitelets obovate, blunt, green (growing black in fruit) ; two superior stérile glumes equal ; fertile flowers ellipsoidal, bluntish_— Jacq. Schenbr. t. 25.—P. bambusoides, Hamilt. P. latifolium, var. angustifolium, Tr. (P/. Spruce, Pan. 23).—8! high (Jaeq.), or arborescent (Ham.): stem size of a goosequill ( Ws.) ; leaves 2-4" long, 2!"-6" broad; panicle 2-4" long. ~ qa. Leaves glabrous; spikelets 2” long; sterile glumes roundish, two superior 11-13- nerved, as long as the fertile flower.—P. Chauvinii, Steud. B. stenostachyum. Leaves glabrous; spikelets 2’ long; sterile glumes elliptical, 2 su- perior 7-11-nerved, a little exceeding the fertile flower. y. puberulum. Leaves puberulous beneath ; spikelets 14” long ; sterile glumes roundish, 2 superior 11-18-nerved, as long as the pyriform fertile flower.—P. glutinosum, Lam. (Iu. ¢. 43. f. 3. sup.) and Mey. (non Sw.). Has. Jamaica!, Ad., Wils., March, common in woods (a, 8); Autigua!, Nichols, Wullsehl. (a), Dominica !, Imr. (8); Trinidad!, Cr. (y) ; [Cuba! to Brazil !]. 118. P, Sloanei, Gr. Trailing: branches spreading ;° eaves oblong-lanceolate, acu- minate, often oblique, glabrous ; panicle lax, diverging: branches distant, slightly com- pound: pedicels unequal: spitelets obovate, blunt, green (growing purplish in fruit) ; sterile glumes roundish, 2 superior unequal, 11-13-uerved, second exceeded by the fertile flower, third equalling it ; fertile flower ellipsoidal, bluntish.—v. ¢. 71. f. 3.—P. latifolium jamaicense, L., Trin., Hamill. P. divaricatum, Pri. (P. arborescens, Sied. Mart. 267).— 1'-several feet high ; leaves 3"-5" long, 9!"-14!" broad; panicle 5-10”, spikelets 2’” long. Has. Jamaica!, Pd., Wullschl., in woods, Manchester ; [Cuba! to French islands !]. 119. P. lanatum, Sw./ Erect, stout: branches spreading ; /eaves lanceolate, or ob- long-lanceolate, acuminate, oblique at the base, pubescent, or puberulous ; pauicle lax, spreading : branches compound, often fascicled : pedicels slender: spekedets obovate, bluntish, purple: 2 superior sterile glumes equal, 9-18-nerved, as long as the ovoid, blunt fertile flower—P. agglutinans, K¢h.—6'—-12! high ; panicle 12/4", spikelets 13’ long. , a. Leaves lanceolate, 6-3" long, 6’"--9"" broad: sheath tubercled, pilose, or villous; su- perior sterile glumes oval, 9-11-nerved.—6' high (Sw.). ee eit B. sorgheideum, Wamilt. Leaves oblong-lanceolate, puberulous, 6"-8 long, 10-20" broad: sheath little pilose, or glabrous; superior sterile glumes roundish, 1]~-18-nerved.— P. megacarpon, Steud. in Pl. Lechler, 2219.—10'-12! high (Wils.).. 552. GRAMINEZ. Has. Jamaica!, all coll., in moist mountain-woods (a, 8); Antigua!, Wullschl. (8), Dominica !, Zmr. (8); Trinidad !, Sch. (a) ; [Panama!, Peru !]. 120. P. compactum, Sw. Herb.! (n. sp.) Erect ; leaves oblong-lanceolate, acumi- nate, glabrous ; panicle dense, ovoid: branches compound, whorled; pedicels usually as long as the spikelet: spekelets globose-ellipsoidal, pointed, yellowish-green; 2 superior sterile glumes roundish, equal, 7-9-nerved, as long as the roundish-ovoid, blunt fertile flower.—P. arundinaceum, var. Sw. herb.!: confounded by him with Zsachne, but well distinguished by him in his other label—Leaves 5-6" long, 1” broad: sheath glabrous; panicle 4” long, 2" broad; spikelets very numerous, 1}! long.—Has. Jamaica!, Sw. 121. P. martinicense, Gr. rect ; leaves lanceolate-acuminate, puberulous ; panicle spreading-erect: branches simple, or slightly compound, fascicled, the lowest included at the base within the uppermost sheath: pedicels unequal, scabrous: spitelets ellipsoidal, pointed, brownish-green ; 2 superior sterile glumes elliptical, equal, {-13-nerved, exceed- ing the elliptical-oblong, blunt fertile flower.—P. fuscum, Sieb. Mart. 29. (P. glutinosum, Pri., non Sw.) P. divaricatum, Kth. Rév. t. 29 (non L.): apparently the same.—Leaves 5"-6" long, 6-8" broad: sheath glabrescent ; panicle 4"-2" long, 1” broad: branches longer than in the preceding, spikelets rather distant, 2’ long: nerves of the third glume connected above, as in all the preceding species of Lasiacis Has. Jamaica!, Wullschi. ; {Martinique !, Panama!, Guiana]. Sect. 5. Mitiaria, Zr. emend.—Fertile flower biconvex: sterile glumes appressed to it, submembranaceous. Spikelets ellipsoidal, or obovate, paniculate: pedzcels filiform, or hair-like. 122. P. glutinosum, Sw. Perennial, stout ; leaves long, lanceolate, or lanceolate- linear, acuminate; panicle large: /ower branches whorled, little compressed: whorls dis- tant: pedicels geminate, long, filiform, distant: spikelets ellipsoidal, or obovate, with a Sluntish point: all glumes subequal, the 2 inferior viscous, growing blackish, 5—7-nerved, third with a palea ; fertile flower ellipsoidal, pointed, terete, equalling the glumes, smooth.— 3/-4! hich ; leaves 12!"-4!" broad, in the West Indian grass ciliate with a glabrous sheath, (in a Brazilian form the sheath is hispid) ; panicle usually 1! long, often fastigiate ; spike- lets 1/14" long.—Hab. Jamaica!, Pd., Wullschi., in mountain-woods; [Cuba!, Vene- zuela!, Peru !, Brazil !]. 123. P.trichanthum, Ns. Perennial, dichotomously branched below ; leaves lanceo- late, acuminate, subcordate at the base, puberulous: sheath glabrous ; panicle diffuse, spread- ing: branches often fascicled, inferior compound: pedicels long, hair-like: spike/ets ellipsoidal, pointed, glabrous ; lowest glume minute, blunt, 2 superior equalling the flower, 3—5-nerved, third devoid of a palea; fertile tlower ellipsoidal, pointed, nearly terete, smooth.—P. tri- choides, Kth. (now Sw.)—Several feet high, somewhat woody below ; leaves 3"—4" long, 59" broad; panicle 6-8" long and broad; spikelets }! long.—Haz. Jamaica!, Pd., rare, Westmoreland; [Mexico !, Guiana !, Brazil !). “ 124, P. brevifolium, LZ. Annual, geniculate-rooting at the branched base; leaves oblong-lanceolate, acuminate, rounded at the base: sheath pilose ; panicle diffuse, spreading : branches scattered, inferior compound : pedicels long, hair-like : spite/ets obovate, bluntish, ' puberulous ; lowest glume %(-%) as long as the spikelet, 2 superior equalling the flower, 3(—5)-nerved, third with a small palea; fertile flower ‘ellipsoidal, bluntish, smooth, at length nearly terete: palea slightly convex.—8/. ¢. 72. f 8.—P. trichoides, Sw., Sied. Mart. 28.—Spithameous —2' high ; leaves 1-23" long, 4’”-9"" long ; panicle 3-6” long, not quite as broad ; spikelets 3” long.—Has. Jamaica!, Marsh, Wils.; Dominica!, Imr.; Trinidad!, Sch. ; (Cuba! and Mexico! ‘to Brazil !]. 125, P. cyanescens, Ns. Perennial, slender, erect, leafy below, glabrescent; leaves laneeolate-acuminate, rigid: ligule ciliate; panicle loose, spreading: branches scattered, lower compound: pedicels long, hair-like: spikelets ovoid, blunt, glubrous ; lowest glume execeding half the spikelet, 2 superior equalling the flower, 5-nerved, third with a palea; fertile flower ovoid, bluntish, smooth, terete—Trin. Ic. t. 280.—P. 8, P/. Spruce.—Stems several, 1-2! high ; leaves 2""-4’" (-5"") broad, striate; panicle 2"-4", spikelets 3!"—}!" long; third glume g, or nentral—Has. Trinidad!, Pd., Lockh., Cr, in wet savaunahs; [Texas 1 to Brazil]. GRAMINEA. 553 y 126. P. dichotomum, L. Leaves lanceolate, acuminate; panicle few-branched : branches scattcred, simple, or lower compound : pedicels unequal, hair-like: spikelets ellip- tical, bluntish ; lowest ylume 4-4 as long as the spikelet, bluntly deltoid, 2 superior equal- ling the flower, 9-7-nerved, third with a short palea; fertile flower ellipsoidal, blunt, smooth, more than half terete: palea slightly convex.—Leaves 2!"-14" broad ; ligule long- ciliate ; panicle 1-14", spikelets #” long. ‘The West Indian forms are : a. acuminatum, Sw.! Leaves and sheaths densely and softly pilose; panicle subincluded ; spikelets pubescent.—Stem creeping, or ascending, 6"-8" long. B. glabrescens. Densely ceespitose, low ; leaves glabrous, except at the .tubercled-ciliate base: sheath ciliate; panicle peduncled, exserted; spikelets glabrous. ae Jamaica, Sw., M‘Né.,in sandy hills (a); Pd., in mountain-savannahs (8); [United States !]. 38. ISACHNE, R. Br. Character of Panicum, but sterile flower chartaceous like the fertile one.—Habit of Pani- cum, sect. Miliaria. : 127, I. arundinacea, Gr. Stout, glabrous ; eaves long, lanceolate, narrowly acuminate ; Q panicle dense, oval: branches compound, filiform: pedicels short, unequal: spikelets ovoid ; é 2 inferior glumes equal, costate-5-nerved, glabrous, lowest often ciliate above, exceeded by the ¢ flower, as long as the fertile; both flowers glabrous, half-terete——Panicum, Sw.! P. dispermum, Zam. I. panicea, Zr. I. dubia, Kth.—4'-10! high, woody at the base; leaves 5/10!" broad ; panicle 3"-6”, spikelets 3!” long.—Has. Jamaica!, Sw., Macf., in high mountains, S. Andrews; S. Vincent, Guild. ; [Martinique!, Mexico!, Venezuela |]. 128. Z.rigens, Trin. Decumbent, branched ; leaves short, linear, acuminate, usually scabrous: sheath ciliate; panicle short, spreading : branches scattered, nearly simple: pedi- cels unequal, obtuse-angled; spikelets ovoid; 2 inferior, glumes unequal, 7(—5)-nerved, slightly scabrous, lowest exceeded by the ¢ flower, as long as the fertile; doth flowers gla- brous, pubescent at their callus, fertile and little distant, half-terete.—Panicum, Sw.! P. arbusculum, Sieb. Mart. 265.—6"-12" long ; leaves 1-2" long, 14-2" broad ; panicle 1-2", spikelets 4” long.—Has. Jamaica!, Sw., Maef., in high mountains; [Martinique | ; Venezuela !1. 129. I. pygmeza, Gr. (x. sp.) Low, decumbent, cespitose, diffuse, glabrous; leaves short, linear, acuminate, rigidly spreading, polished-striate, cartilaginous at the margin: sheath shortly ciliate above, or glabrescent; panicle short, simple, contracted : pedicels short, angular: spikelets ovoid; 2 inferior glumes subequal, 5-nerved, glabrous, exceeded by both flowers; both flowers glabrous, haif-terete-——About 2" high, forming tufts of gl_g!' diam. from a fascicled root; leaves distichous, 6” long, $"—1" broad; panicle scarcely exserted, linear, 3'-6!" long, green: branches few, appressed, with a few, geminate, unequal pedicels; spikelets blunt, 3” long—Haz, Jamaica!, Mag, probably an alpine grass, like the preceding. 89. HYMENACHNE, P. B. Character of Panicum; but fertile flower chartaceous, or coriaceous, not indurated in fruit, and panicle contracted.—Tall, erect, glabrous, aquatic or bog-grasses ; panicle long, spiciform. 130. EX. Myurus, P.B. Leaves cordate at the clasping base, lanceolate-acuminate, or lanceolate-linear ; panicle cylindrical: pedicels short: spbelets lanceolate, acuminate ; lowest glume one-third as long as the spikelet, 2 superior 3—5-nerved, slightly unequal, third devoid of a palea ; fertile flowers chartaceous, oblong-lanceolate, pointed, little shorter than the third glume, compressed from the back.—Triz. Jc. t, 205.—Panicum, Lam. P. amplexi- canle, Rudg—6! high; leaves, 6-2" broad ; panicle green, 6"-15", spikelets 2" long.— Has, Jamaica !, Pd., Dist., in ditches; Dominica!, Jmr./ Trinidad !, Cr.; (French islands to Brazil! ; East Indies !]. 131. HE. fluviatilis, Ns. Leaves linear; panicle cylindrical: pedicels short: spikelets ovate, pointed ; lowest glume half as Jong as the spikelet, 2 superior 7-9-nerved, equal, third with a palea; fertile flowers coriaceous, ellipsoidal, pointed, subterete, half .as long as the second and third glume.—Trin. Ic. t. 204.—P. vilfoides, Zriz.—1}4'-3!' high ; leaves 2-3 554 GRAMINEA, broad; panicle brownish-green, 8-18", spikelets 4" long.—-Has. Trinidad!, Cr., in sa- vannahs ; [Guiana, Brazil; trop. Africa]. ~ 182. EX. striata, Gr. Leaves lanceolate-linear, or linear ; panicle narrow, somewhat loosened below : inferior branches much exceeding their internodes: pedicels unequal, fili- form, jointed at the dilated summit, the longer as long as the spikelet : spikelets oblong-lan- ceolate, bluntish, gibbous at the dorsal side ; lowest glume short, 2 superior equal, second 11-, third 5-nerved, the latter with a palea: nerves costate ; fertile flower coriaceous, elliptical- oblong, blunt, flat-convex, half-terete, half as long as the third glume and its palea.—Pani- cum, Lam. sec. Ns. P. gibbum, E/d./—3'-4!' high; leaves 3!-8!" broad; panicle dark- green, 5'-10", spikelets 2" long.—Han. Jamaica!, Pd., lagoons above the ferry ; [Southern United States! to Guiana!]. X 40. SELARIA, P. B. Character of Panicum, but spikelets supported by scabrous, sterile branches of the pedicel (the involucre), and panicle contracted. In the allied, bristle-bearing species of Panicum (e.g. P. sulcatum, Aubl.) the bristles are apparently homologous to the sterile branches of Setarza, but they proceed from the axis, not from the pedicel itself. * Panicle densely cylindrical, or interrupted at the base. “1 133. S. viridis, P.B. Annual; panicle cylindrical, erect, green: branches short, con- tiguous ; involucral bristles in clusters, roughened upwards, exceeding the spikelet ; fertile flower minutely dotted, flat-convex, thrice as long as the lower glume, equalling both the superior sterile ones.—Zrin. Ic. t. 203.—Panicum, Z.— Haz. Jamaica!, Pd., on roadsides, naturalized; [Europe and Northern Asia]. 134. S. glauca, P. B. Panicle cylindrical, erect, usually tawny-yellow: branches short, contiguous; involucral bristles usually in clusters, roughened upwards; fertile flower transversely wrinkled, flat-convex, twice—thrice as long as the lower, about twice as long as the second, equalling the third glume.— Trin. Ic. ¢. 195.—Panicum, L. a, Annual ; bristles about twice as long as the spikelet.—S. intermedia, 2. S.: our Ja- maica form with a greenish panicle. B. emberbis, R.S. Annual; most bristles about as long as the spikelet, or a few twice as long.— Zria. Ic. t. 196.—Panicum, Poir. y. penicillata. Root at length creeping: bristles yellow, or purple, 4 times (rarely twice) as long as the spikelet.—Panicum, ¥., 7+.—-When flowering with a fibrous root, it is S. Ven- tenatii, Kth. (Rév. ¢. 37): afterwards it gets a rhizome, and looks like a distinct species, but by forms with shorter bristles (e.g. Sied. Mixt. 368) it passes into a. Has. Jamaica!, Al, Marsh, Wils. (a, B, vy); S. Kitts!, Els. (y), Antigua!, Wuldschi. (8, v); Trinidad!, Steb., Pd.; [temperate and tropical zones of the globe]. y 185*. & italica, P. B. Annual; panicle cylindrical, at length nodding at the sum- mit: branches contiguous, or a little distant below, ovate, or oblong; involucral bristles 3-1, roughened upwards, usually much exceeding the spikelet : spikelets elliptical-oblong ; fertile flower minutely dotted, at length almost smooth, fiat-convex, twice—thrice as long as the lower, little longer than the second, equalling the third glume, the latter devoid of a palea. —Trin. Ic. t. 198.—Panicum, Z.—2'—-4! high ; panicle about 1" diam., much stouter, and leaves often broader than in the two preceding species—HaB. Naturalized and cultivated in Jamaica !, March ; [introduced from the East Indies]. / 186. S. magna, Gr. (x. sp.) “ Annual,” tall, broad-leaved ; panicle cylindrical, vir- gate: branches short, contiguous, or the lowest slightly distant : common axis pilose; invo- lucral bristles 3-1, roughened upwards, much exceeding the spikelet. spikelets elliptical, bluntish ; fertile flower smooth, flat-convex, twice-thrice as long as the lowest glume, equal- ling both the superior ones, the second 5-nerved, the third with a palea——Habit of a long- panicled S. é¢alica, but stem 10’ high, pubescent below the nodes, compressed above the base, 6" broad and a spontaneous production of the West Indies. Root creeping, and fascicled, but annual (Pd.); leaves long, 10!’-6" broad, scabrous at the nodes: ligule and com- pressed sheath ciliate; panicle 8-12" long, 8!"-12! thick (the bristles included), pale- green; spikelets 1!”, bristles 6/"-4!" long, of the latter 1-3 below each spikelet and bundles GRAMINES. 555° between them; palea of the neutral flower as long as its 5-nerved glume.—H as. Jamaica !, - Pd., along the lagoons behind the ferry. ** Panicle loosely contracted: branches spreading-erect. 137. S. vulpiseta, 2.8. Root creeping ; leaves lanceolate, long-tapering at the base: sheath and nodes pubescent ; panicle stout, loosely contracted, erect, tawny-yellow: branches contiguous, much longer than their internodes: axis pilose; involucral bristles single at each pedicel and in clusters between them, roughened upwards, much exceeding the spikelet: spike- lets elliptical, pointed ; fertile flower transversely striate chiefly below, tlat-convex, thrice as long as the lower, little longer than the second, 1-nerved glume, equalling the third, the latter with a palea.—SV. ¢. 70. f. 1.-—Panicum macrostachyum, Ns. (exelus. syn. Kth.).— 4' high; leaves 10"-12 broad; panicle 1! long, 13” broad; branches 13/1", bristles 6"-10", spikelets 1” long.—Has. Jamaica (S/.); Trinidad !, Cr. ; [Haiti to Brazil]. 188. S. biconvexa, Gr. (x. sp.) Nodes puberulous or glabrate; /eaves lanceolate- linear, bluntish at the base: sheath and ligule ciliate; panicle virgate, tapering above, loosely contracted: branches subcontiguous, much longer than their internodes: common axis villous; izvoluecral bristles single at each pedicel and in clusters between them, roughened upwards and downwards, much exceeding the spikelet : spikelets subglobose, bluutish ; Sertile flower transversely striate, biconvex, thrice as long as the lower, twice as long as the second glume, equalling the third, the latter with a palea—Allied to 8. composita, Kth., in which the second glume equals the flower. Stem cylindrical, 2!"-3" thick; leaves 1/-14! loug, 9"'_12"" broad ; panicle yellowish, 1! long, 14" broad below: its inferior branches 1” long, superior gradually shorter, bristles 6’"-8" long; spikelets 1" diam., gibbous: lowest glumé ovate, pointed, 5-nerved, 3 superior 7-nerved, oval-roundish, mucronulate : glume _ the fertile flower half-globose: its palea convex.—Has. Trinidad !, Gr, at S. Anne. 139. S. onurus, Gr. Root at length creeping; stem slender: nodes glabrous; Jeaves linear, tapering at the base; panicle slender, virgate, ixterrupted : branches about as long r as their internodes : common axis pilose ; izvolucral bristles. 1(-8), roughened upwards, and more sparingly downwards, much exceeding the spikelet : spikelets ovate-globose, shortly pointed ; fertile flowers transversely striate, biconvex, equalling or shortly exceeding the third glume: first glume 3, second 2-% as long, both 11-9-nerved, third with a palea.— Trin. Ic. t. 96 B. and analyt. in 95.—Panicum, W. P. setosum 8, Ns.—Stem 1’-4! high, I"_12" thick; leaves 4/6" broad; panicle green, 2-8" long, cylindrical: branches 2-3", bristles 8!'-12", spikelets 1!” long—Has. Jamaica!, Waters, March ; (Mexico! Jue. ; 140. S. setosa, P. B. Root at length creeping ; stem slender : nodes glabrous ; leaves . linear-acuminate ; panicle slender, virgate, interrupted: branches as long (or twice as long) as their internodes: common axis pilose; éxvolucral bristles 1(-3), roughened upwards, usually much exceeding the spikelet : spikelets elliptical, pointed ; fertile flower transversely striate, flat-convez, equalling the third glume: first glume 3-4, second cae as long, both 7-nerved, third with a palea.—Trin. Ic. t. 96. 4., 95 (eeclus. analyt.).—Panicum, Sw. S. macrostachya, Kth. S. antillarum, Kth. (ex Anders. pl. Galapag.)—Habit of the preceding : bristles shorter, leaves 2!"—-6"" broad. a. Branches of the panicle 2"-10", bristles 4!"-6" long. i B. caudata, R.S. Brauches of the panicle very short, often reduced to 1-3 spikelets ; bristles few, unequal, 3!"'-5!" long.— Trin. Ic. ¢. 96. C—Panicum, Lam. : Has. Jamaica!, Al., March (a); Antigua!, Wullschl. (a, B); (Cuba! and. Mexico! to Brazil! ; Galapagos!; East Indies]. tea 41, PENNISETUM, Rich. Spitelets in a simple spike, involucrate : involucre-bristles distinct, deciduous with the spikelet, the interior plumose below. Sterile glumes 8, or 2 by abortion of the lowest,. meibranaceous. Fertile flower chartaceous, at length indurated. Lodicula@ usually none. Stigmas projecting from the summit of the flower, usually cohering at the base.—Involucre mostly coloured: bristles scabrous, unequal, the exterior longer. 141. P. setosum, Rich. Perennial, tall; leaves linear-acuminate, oes spike: ° 556 GRAMINES. cylindrical, dense; involucre sessile: Srisd/es setaceous, several or many more than twice as lony as the single spikelet ; lowest glume short or usually wholly wanting.—Kth. Rév. t. 39.—Cen- chrus, Sw. (P. Richardi avd purpurascens, K¢h.): the form with the lowest glume appearing. P. uniflorum, K7¢h.-: the common form with the lowest glume abortive, and the third often de-, void of its palea.—2/-4' high ; spike 3"-6", longer bristles 6-12" long, usually purplish; —Has. Jamaica (Sw.), on limestone; S. Kitts!, Zvs., Dominica!, Zmr., S. Vincent, Guild. ;. Trinidad !, Cr., in savannahs ; [Mexico! to Brazil!; trop. Africa! ; East Indies]. 42. CENCHRUS, L. ’ Character of Pennisetum, but involucre indurated; its scales or bristles united at the base, often spinose, roughened downwards.—Spikelets l-several in cach involucre, usually pedi- cellate ; pedicel at length turbinate. 142..C. echinatus, Z. Annual; involucre about as long as the spikelets: tube inter- nally slit, many-lobed to the middle, pubescent : lobes lanceolate-acuminate : scales several- seriate at the outside of the tube, recurved, middle linear-acuminate, spinescent, lowest shorter, setaceous.—Schreb. Gram. t. 23.—Variable in the length of the spike, the size of the spikelets (2’-8" diam.), the length of the lowest glume, the number of the glume- nerves, and in the development of the palea in the J or neutral flower. a. Decumbent; spike 1”-14" long; involucre small: spines not exceeding the spikelet. —C. pungens, Ith. B. viridis, Spreng., C. Mill. Spike 14-3” long; involucre larger: spines stouter, the longest exceeding the. spikelet.—C. echinatus, Kth., Steb. Mart. 17. C. dactylolepis, Steud. s ’ Has. Bahamas !, Hjalmars (a) ; Jamaica!, all coil.,in savannahs, and along the seacoast ; S. Kitts !, Els. (8), Antigua, Wullschl. (2), Dominica!, Imr. (a); Trinidad !, Sch. ; [Mexico! o Brazil!; trop. Africa!; East Indies]. . 143. ©. tribuloides, Z. Annual; czvolucre exceeding the spikelets: tube ovoid- globose, many-lobed to the middle: lobes and all scales lanceolate-acuminate, the latter several seriate at the outside of the tube, recurved, spinescent: xo or few basilar bristles — Sl. ¢. 65. 7. 1.—C. spinifex, Cav. (Ic. t. 461): a form with small spikelets. C. platyacan- thus, Anders. : the same with few-nerved glumes. All West Indian specimens agree with this in the small size of the spikelet (2! diam.), while in the northern, original form the spikelets are usually twice as large: the species however is as variable as the preceding, and often difficult to be distinguished from it—Has. Jamaica!, Wrls.; Antigua!, Lane, Wullscht. ; Dominica!, Imr.’; (Canada! to Brazil!; trop. Africa! ; East Indies !]. 43. ANTHEPHORA, Schreb. . Character of Cenchrus, but involucre 1-seriate, 4-5-partite, and lowest glume wanting.— An annual grass; segments of the involucre ovate-lanceolate, acuminate, contracted at the base, including 5-1 spikelets. . 144, A, elegans, Schreb. Gram. t. 44.—Tripsacum hermaphroditum, Z.—The West Indian form is glabrous. Spiciform raceme cylindrical, 4-2" long.—Has. Jamaica !, Al., Baath Wullscht. ; Antigna!, Waudlschl. ; Dominica !, Imr.; Trinidad !, Or. ; [Mexico! to razil |]. ; 44, ARUNDINELLA, Radd. Sterile glumes 8, third with a palea, usually ¢. Fertile flower chartaccous, supported by hairs at the base, awned: awn twisted—Spikelets paniculate: pedicels geminate, un- equal. : ex 1 145. A. martinicensis, Zrix. Perennial, stout; leaves linear-acuminate, scabrous: sheath hispidulous ; panicle, dense, erect: inferior branches whorled, compound : spikelets lanceolate; g/wmes unequal, 3-5-nerved, second twice as long as the fertile flower ; awn geniculated, éwice as lony as its entire glume.—aA. pallida var. laxa, Ns.!° Ischemum hispidum martinicense, Kth.—4!-6’ high; panicle 6"-12", spikelets (the awn exclnded) 2!" long, usually purplish— Has. Jamaica!, Pd., Hartw.; Westmoreland, Hanover, Trinidad, Gr., in swamps; [French islands; Panama !]. GRAMINE, 557 45, TRICHOLENA, Schrad. Inferior sterile glume minute, or wanting, second and third membranaceous, including the chartaceous flower.—Spikelets villous-hairy, nedicellate, jointed at the base. 7“ 146. T. insularis, Gr. Stout; leaves glabrous, linear-acuminate, or lanceolate-linear ; branches of the panicle whorled: pedicels unequal, geminate : spikelets lanceolate, acumi- nate, awnless ; lowest glume minute, glabrous, 2 superior sericeous-woolly, equal, the third devoid of a palea; flower acuminate.—S/. ¢. 14. Jf. 2; Trin. Ie. t. 220.—Andropogon, L. Panicum leucopheum, Ath. P. Duchassaingii, Steud. Trichachne sacchariflora, Vs. (ex Sieb. Mart. 30: exclus. foliis). Saccharum polystachyon, Sieb. (non Sw.).—Panicle 6-10", spikelets 2"-3'" long—Has. Jamaica!, Linds., Waters, March; 8. Kitts !, Els., Antigua !, Wudischl., Dominica!, Imr.; (Texas! and Cuba! to Patagonia !]. 147. T. saccharoides, Gr. Stout; leaves linear-acuminate: upper side hairy; spici- form racemes long, filiform, half-whorled in a corymbiform panicle: pedicels short, single, distant : axis glabrous, at length flexuose : spikelets lanceolate, acuminate, awnless ; Jowest glume wanting (or abortive), second woolly along the margin, with long, sericeons hairs, third shorter, glabrous, devoid of a palea; flower pointed.—K7th. Rév. ¢. 80; Trin. Ic. t. 107.—Panicum, Kth. Paspalum, Ns. Saccharum polystachyon, Sw.—Spikes numerous, . 10"-6", spikelets (the wool excluded) 1” long.—Haz. S. Kitts, Dominica 1, Imr. SuptrisE 2. SACCHAREE—Fertile flower membranaceous, not indurated : sterile glumes usually of firmer texture. 2 46. LAPPAGO, Schreb. Spikelets glomerate-racemose, hermaphrodite, flat-convex, awnless. Lowest glume want- ing, second minute, membranaceous, third rigid, glochidiate-muricate, devoid of a palea. —Annual grasses. 148. i. aliena, Spreng. Raceme slender : spikelets elliptical-lanceolate, 2(-1) in each glomerule, one usually imperfect ; bristles 5-seriate, subequal, about as long as the transverse diameter of the spikelet.—Kth. Rév. ¢. 120.—L. racemosa, var, Kth. Tragus occidentalis, Ns.! TT. Berteroanus, Schult.—Spikelets 1" long, smaller than in L. racemosa, Schreb., which has unequal, 7-seriate bristles—Has. Jamaica!, Pd., Al. ; Antigua!, Waudlschl. ; (Texas! to Brazil!; trop. Africa to the Cape!; Arabia! to Hast Indies !]. 47. MANISURIS, Sw. . Spikelets in a simple, jointed spike, awnless, alternately fertile and neutral (or “¢”), the fertile sunk into the excavated axis. Sterile glumes in the latter 2, rigid, exterior placed against the palea of the small, membranaceous flower; sterile spikelets often reduced to 2 leathery glumes.—Anuual grasses; spikes terminal and axillary. 149. M. granularis, Sw. Erect, pilose at the sheaths; exterior glume of the fertile spikelet concave-hemispherical, cartilaginous, densely reticulated-scrobiculate.—Sl. t. 80.— Cenchrus, £.—1!-3' high; spikes 6-8" Jong: peduncles included within®leat-sheaths , reticulated glumes whitish, about 14” diam.—Has. Jamaica!, Macf., Wils., March, on dry limestone; Trinidad !, Sch. ; (southern United States! and all tropical countries]. X 48, TRIPSACUM, Z. Spikelets monecious, awnless, in jointed spikes, J superior, geminate, ? inferior, single, wholly imbedded into the excavations of the axis. Zrterior § glume leathery, interior char- taceous: membranaceous flowers 2. Exterior 9 glume cartilaginous, interior thinner, third neutral, membranaceous: flower single. Anthers opening with pores.—Tall, perennial grasses ; spikes terminal, single or digitate. - 150. 'T. monostachyum, W. Stout, branched ; leaves lanceolate-acuminate; spite solitary, cylindrical at the base: & spikelets distichous ; exterior 8 glume {-9-nerved : 202 x 4 c vA 558: GRAMINEA. within the juxtamarginal, scabrous keel ; furrows of the ? axis ciliate at the open base.— Willd. Hort. t. 1.—Rottbeellia exaltata, Sw. Obs. ? (non L.): the analytical details do not agree.—Leaves 12"—15" broad ; spike 4-6", 2 part about 1” long.—Has. Jamaica (er synon. Sw.); Trinidad!, Cr.; [United States to Brazil]. : 49. ANDROPOGON, L. Spikelets along a jointed axis, the lateral geminate, the fertile in each pair sessile, the pe- dicellate incomplete or tabescent. Two inferior sterile glumes herbaceous or chartaceous, the third membranaccous, devoid of a palea. Fertile flower awned: awn geniculated,. twisted.—Perennial grasses, rarely annual ; axis of the inflorescence usually bearded. Sect. 1. Hrreropocon, Pers.—All inferior spikelets $, awnless: of the superior the Sertile one awned: axis bearded above, glabrous between the 3 spikelets: superior joints separating. Exterior glumes awnless: fertile (fourth) glume minute, devoid of a palea. 151. A. secundus, V7. (apud Ns., non Kth.). Nodes and leaves (except at the base). glabrous; spike solitary: 3 glumes acuminate, long-ciliate beneath the winged margin, glabrous on the striate back; fertile spikelet shortly bearded at the base: aw very long, pubescent below the knee, scabrous above it-—A. contortus, L. ex parte (not the homonym of the old world). Heteropogon hirtus, Pers. (ex pl. Spruce).—Spike 1"-2" long: & spike- lets oblong-lanceolate, 9 subcylindrical, pubescent : awns 8” long, turned irregularly to one. side—Has. Antigual, Wulischl. ; (Cuba! to Peru!). Sect. 2. Gymyanpropocon, Ns.—Fertile spikelets awned, pedicellute $ or neutral, awn- less: axis bearded: joints separating. Exterior glumes awnless, third and fourth (the fertile) devoid of palea. 152. A. saccharoides, Sw./ Nodes bearded; leaves pilose near the base or glabres- cent ; spikes fascicled-racemose ; pedicellate spikelets neutral, as long as or exceeded by the sericeous beard of the axis; fertile spikelets sericeous-villous below; 2 exterior glumes acuminate, striate, fourth transformed into the scabrous awn: exserted part of the latter 8-5 times as long as the glumes.—Cultivated in European gardens as 4. argenteus, DC.— 1-3! high, variable in the length of the leaves, the number of spikes, the down of the glumes, and the development of the neutral spikelets ; 9 spikelets 2’” long, oblong-lanceolate-—Has. Jamaica !, Sw.; Wullsehl., on dry hills; Antigua!, Wad/schl., Dominica! Imr.; [Arkan-. sas!, New Mexico!; Cuba! to Buenos Ayres !]. Sect. 3. Scnizacnyrium, Ns. (Cymbopogon, Ns.). Character of Gymnandropogon, but spikes supported by cymbiform bracts, pedicellate spikelets often awned, joints tardily separating, and fourth (the fertile) glume 2-partite or 2-fid, with the awn inserted be- tween the divisions. 153, A. brevifolius, Sw. / Slender, ascending, branched; nodes and short leaves gla- "brous ; spikes iz bracteate racemes, included partly within the narrow bract : joints thickened, glabrous, except a short beard at the base of the fertile spikelets: pedicellate spikelets re- duced to 1-2"glumes: one of the latter terminated with a straight awn ; exterior glumes of the fertile spikelet awnless, lowest acuminate, shortly 2-dentate, fourth 2-partite: exserted part of its awn twice-thrice as long as the glumes.—K¢h. Rév. ¢. 196.—Schizachyrium, Ns.’ —2!--4! high, said to be annual; bracts about 1” long; 9 spikelets lanceolate, 13!" long.— Has. Jamaica!, Sw., Woallschi., in sandy soil; Trinidad!, Cr.; [Cuba! and Mexico! to Brazil!; trop. Africa; East Indies !). ‘ 154, A. condensatus, Av¢i, Stout, erect, glabrous; spikes in a dense panicle, in- cluded partly by the narrow bract :; joints and pedicels thickened above, bearded their whole length with spreading wool; pedicellate spikelets reduced, subuliform; exterior glumes of the fertile spikelets acuminate, fourth 2-partite: exserted part of its awn twice as long as the glumes,—Schizachyrium, Ns.—2'—-5’ high; panicle often 1/, bracts 6!"-9!, spikelets 2" long, the latter linear-acuminate-—HaB. ‘Trinidad !, Sck., Cr., in savannahs ; [Mexico ! to Uruguay !]. GRAMINE. 559 155. A. gracilis, Spreng. |Cespitose, slender, glabrous; leaves convolute-setaceous ; spikes solitary: the lateral distant, sheathed by a narrow bract : joints and pedicels filiform, bearded their whole length with spreading wool: pedicellate spikelets reduced to a single, awned glume; exterior glumes of the fertile spikelet acuminate, fourth shortly 2-fid: ex- serted part of its awn 3-4 times as long as the glumes.—Habit of Anatherum domingense, but awn geniculated in the fertile flower.—1/-2' high; spikes delicate, about 1” long : bract 1-2" long: peduncle included or exserted; spikelets 2/” long, lanceolate, exceeded by the sterile, woolly pedicel: awn of the latter straight—Han. Jamaica!, Wudischi., Man- chester; (Cuba!, Haiti]. Sect. 4. Drecromis, P. B.—Fertile spikelets with 2 awns: one awn straight from the second exterior glume, the other geniculated from the fourth, which has a palea. Pedi- cellate spikelets $: their extertor glumes awned, the interior awnless, Axis with » bearded, separating joints, 7 156. A. fastigiatus, Sw. Erect, glabrous; ligule oblong-lanceolate; spikes long- peduncled, i” @ lax bracteate corymb : joints and pedicels clavate, the latter obliquely ex- cavated at the summit : beard distichous, decurrent at the base ; lowest glume of the fertile spikelet compressed-keeled, ciliate: geniculated awn long-exserted; ¢ glumes unequal, the lowest larger, striate, flattish th. Nov. Gen. ¢. 64.—2'—-4! high ; spikes 1-2", larger glumes 4” long: fertile spikelet half-spathulate, 2’, its straight awn about 6”, the other 1" long —Has. Jamaica!, 4/., Wullschi., in sandy hills; [Mexico to Brazil !). 50. ANATHERUM, P. B. . Character of Andropogon, but exterior glumes chartaceous-membranaceous, and awn of the fertile flower straight, terminal or wanting.—Peduncles dracteate : pedicels and rhachis long-bearded by spreading wool: lateral spikelets nearly reduced to the pedicel, fertile usually monandrous : exterior glumes narrow, few-nerved, aivnless. This genus from the wool of the spikelets and the submembranaceous texture of the glumes approaches Saccharum and Erianthus, which are distinguished by the artificial character of the spikelets all complete. 157. A. domingense, R. S. Czspitose, slender, few-branched ; spikes 2-4, digitate : ‘ourth glume devoid of a palea, awnless, or the awn hair-like, included or shortly exserted. —Si. ¢. 68. f. 2.—A. virginicum, Spreng. (Andropogon, L. ex parte: Gronovius’s synonym belongs to the allied, but long-awned 4. vaginatus, Ell.) Andropogon leucostachyus, Kth.— V-2! high; leaves 1 broad, glabrous, rarely pilose ; spikes 6"-12", spikelets 14’, pedi- cels 2", wool 4!-6" long.—Has. Jamaica!, Pd., in savannabs, Westmoreland : Trinidad!, Lockh., Cr., in savannahs; (Haiti and Mexico, to Brazil !]. 158. A. bicorne, P. B. (Sieb. Mart. 40). Stout, glabrous; spikes in a large, com- pact, fastigiate panicle: spikelets awnless ; fourth glume devoid of a palea,—S/. ¢. 15.— ‘Andropogon, Z. Saccharum, Gr—4!-6' high; leaves 2" broad; panicle 1’, spikelets 143”, wool 4" long.—HaB. Jamaica (Z.); S. Kitts! ; Antigua!, Wulischi., 8. Vinceut!, Guild. ; [Cuba! and Mexico ! to Brazil!, in wet places and fields]. 159. A. macrurum, Gr. Stout, pilose or ciliate along the sheaths; spikes in a large compact panicle: spikelets awned: awn 4-5 times as long as the glumes ; fourth glume de- yoid of a palea.—Andropogon, Mich.—Habit of the preceding ; leaves 2" broad; panicle 12"-6", spikelets 14/", wool 4!""-3" long —Has. Jamaica!, Al, Wils., Wullschi., com- mon; Antigua!, Wudlschi. ; [United States ; Cuba !, Haiti]. 51. VETIVERIA, Thouars. Character of Andropogon, but exterior glumes in both kinds of spikelets cartilaginous, saneionve, wen ae aneoent glume ciliate, and awn of the fertile flower straight, include or wanting. —Spikes slender, shortly peduncled, whorled in racemes: pedicellate spikelets &: 20 wool; spinules thickish at the base, incurved. 160. V. arundinacea, Gr. Stout, glabrous; spikelets lanceolate-linear, acuminate ; park glume Didenkate, bearing a short included bristle between its teeth; twice as long as ° 560 GRAMINER. its palea—P. B. Agrost. ¢. 22. f. 10. enol.—Anstherum muricatum, P. B. (Andropogon, Kth. suppl. p. 416: the first description only). |The Kast India V. muricata (Andropogon, Retz.), has shorter, bluntish spikelets, and a pointed, awnless fourth glume.—4/-6 high } panicle 1’ long, somewhat purple; spikes 23", internodes 2/3” long, the latter about twice as long as'the pedicels ; fertile spikelets 23" long, little hairy at the basilar callus, 3 2!" loug : spinules 2-3-seriate on the first, 1-2-seriate on the second glume.—Has. Jamaica, Wiis. in wet places; Trinidad!, Cr.; [perhaps introduced from the East Indies]. 52. SORGHUM, Mich. Character of Andropogon, but exterior glumes of the fertile spikelet cartilaginous, polished, of the sterile (3 or neutral) chartaceous, immer membranaceous glumes often ciliate, awn of the fertile flower geniculated or abortive——Spikes peduncled, paniculate: no wool: joints of the axis. often wanting. 161. S. halepense, Pers. Perennial; nodes sericeous ; leaves lanceolate-linear, gla- brous ; panicle erect: branches compound, pedicels pilose, half as long as the sterile spike- let; spikelets jointed at the base, tertile elliptical-oblong.— Host. Gram. Austr. 1. ¢. 1.— Holcus, Z.—Leaves 8!"(-10")-3"" broad: spikelets 14!"-2" long, The allied, cultivated S. giganteum, Edgew., is much stouter, has broader (1-2!) leaves, the rich panicle often 2", and the spikelets 24!” long.—Has. 8, Vincent!, Gud/d.; (Cuba .to Brazil; Hungary! and Southern Europe ! te the Cape! and East Indies !]. The cultivated species (except S. giganteum) form a peculiar section of the genus (Sorghum, Trin.), distinguished by the spikelets not jointed at the base, and the common axis usually more scabrous. Of these S. vudgare, Pers. (Desc. Fl. 8.-t. 541), and S. Dora, Gr. (8. sae- charatum, Host, Gram, Austr. 4. t. 4., non Pers., which is Holeus, Ard. t. 4. f. 2), occur in the West Indian collections : ¢he former has leaves 1-2" broad, a compact panicle, the fertile spikelets oval-roundish, and very short pedicels; the Jatier: a low stem, leaves 6'’-10" broad, the branches of the panicle erect, in distant whorls, the fertile spikelets elliptical, villous, and the pedicels about one-third as long as their spikelets. 58. ISCHAZMOPOGON, Gr. Spikelets homogamous: the bearded joints distant from their base. Ywo inferior sterile glumes chartaceous, awnless, third ¢ with a palea, awnless, fourth 9 with a palea, awned: awn twisted.—Perennial grasses; spiciform cacemes digitate: bracts at the joints spread- ing: spikelets geminate-ternate, pedicellate: pedicels inserted distantly from the joints of the aais, and the longer in each pair jointed again above its middle. This genus (comprising Spodiopogon arcuatus, Ns.) approaches Phacelurus, by the longer pedicels jointed above the middle: it is distinguished from Spodiopogon chiefly by the spike- lets not being jointed at their base, and from Zsehemum, Trin., by homogamous spikelets. . 162. I. latifolius, Gr. rect, glabrous; leaves lanceolate-acuminate ; racemes 6-14: internodes and pedicels cylindrical— K7h. Rév, ¢. 99.—Ischemum, Ath. Spodigpogon, Tr, Andropogon pilosus, Sieb. Mart. 41.—2'-4' high; leaves 4/’-12!" broad; racemes 8"-1" long: spikelets oblong-lanceolate, purplish, 2” long, about as long as the beard; ex- serted awn 2!'-5"" long—Has. Dominica!, Jmr., S. Vincent !, Guild.; Trinidad; Sied. Tr. 12, €r.; {Vrench islands! and Mexico! to equatorial Brazil !]. 54, ERIOCHRYSIS, P. B. Spikelets homogamous, awnless : joints of the axis bearded, separating. Two inferior ste- rile glumes chartaceous-cartilaginous, hairy, third devoid of a palea, neutral, fourth fertile — Perennial grasses ; spikelets pansculate, most shortly pedicellate, geminate or fascieled. 163. E. cayennensis, P. B. Erect ; nodes bearded; Jeaves linear, densely villous ; Ap ‘panicle compact, glomerate-obloog: wool brown-yellow ; flower devoid of a palea.—3'-4! high; panicle 3-4", woolly spikelets 1” long—Haz. Trinidad !. Pd., Cr., in savannahs; [Mexico ! to Brazil !]. ‘ Bed we 4 GRAMINER. 56] 55. ERIANTHUS, Rich. Spikelets geminate along a jointed axis, homogamous, supported by wool: one sessile, one pedicellate. Tivo inferior sterile glumes chartaceous-membranaceous, third devoid of a palea, ‘neutral, fourth (the fertile) awned, with a palea: awn terminal, usually straight.—Perennial grasses ; spikelets paniculate. .164. Ei. jamaicensis, Gr. “Leaves linear-acuminate; panicle linear-lanceolate : joints and pedicels villous ; exterior glumes acuminate, about as long as the wool, inferior villous at the margin; awn as long as its glume.”—Saccharum, T'riz.— Apparently allied to E. saccharovdes, Mich., which has a longer awn.—Has. Jamaica (Zriz.). 56*. SACCHARUM, ZL. Character of Erianthus, but spikelets awnless, exterior glumes membranaceous, and glume _of the flower more or less abortive.—Stout, paniculate grasses; wool exceeding the smkelet. 165*. S. officinarum, £. Panicle large, pyramidal: common axis suleate; joints and -pedicels glabrous below the wool; exterior glumes pointed, one-half to one-third as long as the wool; palea of the flower half as long as the third glume; stamens 3.—Tuss. Fé. 1. é. 28-25. Dese. Fl. 4. ¢. 283; 7. ¢, 498.—S. violaceum, Zwss.: a form with the midrib of the second glume suppressed.—H as. Naturalized ¢.g. in Antigua !, and cultivated ; [intro- duced from the Hast Indies]. 57. IMPERATA, Cyr. Spikelets homogamous, awnless, geminate, unequally pedicellate in each pair, jointed and ‘supported by wool at the base: axis not jointed. vo inferior sterile glumes membrana- ceous : third included, devoid of a palea, neutral. Glume of the flower and its palea minute (replacing the wanting lodicule). Stamens 1-2. Style 2-fid: stigmas exserted from the summit of the spikelet.—Erect, perennial grasses; panicle contracted: wool white, exceed- ing the narrow, hairy spikelets. 166. I. caudata, Zrin. Nodes glabrous; leaves lanceolate-linear, flattish: ligule long-ciliate ; panicle long, at length somewhat loosened: wool 3-4 times as long as the spikelet ; flower 1-androws.—Sl. ¢. 70. f. 1.—Saccharum, May. Esseg.! S. contractum, Poit., Led. (non Kth.), 8. dubium, Kth.—2'—6' high ; leaves 4-5" broad ; panicle about 1 Jong, 1” broad in the expanded state: wool 3"—4!" long.—Has, Jamaica!, Pd., Wils. ; Trinidad !, Sieb, Tr. 10, Cr.; [French islands; Guiana !, Brazil]. 58*. COIX, L. Spikelets moneecious, g superior, 2-flowered, 2 little exserted from a bony involucre. Sterile glumes in Q 8, third devoid of a palea, membranaceous. Style 2-partite.—Erect, branched grasses ; leaves Janceolate ; cymes pedwncled, axillary and terminal: 9 spikelets solitary. f. 167*. C. Lacryma, Z. Annual; stem half-terete above ; involucre subglobose, white- shining —Has. Naturalized in Jamaica!, March, Wulischl.; 8. Kitts!; [introduced from the East Indies]. 59*. ZEA, L. Spikelets monoecious, 3 geminate, 2-flowered, in terminal, compound spikes, Q approxi- mate along an axillary spadix, which is enclosed by several spathes. Sty/e simple, 2-dentate. —A stout, annual grass ; leaves ob/ong-lanceolate. ; 168*, %. Mays, L.—Dese. Fl. 8. t. 544.—Has. Naturalized, e.g. Antigua !, and cul- tivated ; (America, but original habitat unknown). ‘562 CYPERACEZ. CXXXVI. CYPERACEA. Flowers in spikelets, naked: the sexual organs often supported by bristles or scales, en- -elosed by glumaceous bracts (glumes) : bracts usually single at each flower. Stamens often 3, -hypozynous. Ovary simple: ovule single, erect: style 2-8-cleft. Pertcarp utricular. Embryo trochleate, included within the summit of amylaceons albumen.—Habit of grassea, but stem solid, devoid of tumid nodes, leaves tristichous, and their sheath mostly closed, TRIBE I. CF! PEREZ.—Flowers distichous, hermaphrodite. 1. CYPERUS, L. Spikelets many-few-flowered: 1-2 lowest glumes empty: rhachis furrowed, often winged ‘at each internode by the decurrent, at length lacerate part of the glumes. Acheniwm beak- -Jless.—Spikelets clustered or spikate, rarely solitary : the clusters often in a simple or com- pound, terminal, involucrate umbel. The description of the form of the glumes regards their conduplicate, keeled state, viz. one- half of their entire breadth. Sect. 1. Pycreus, P. B.—Spikelets compound: furrows narrowly winged : glumes keeled. Style 2-cleft. Achenium laterally compressed. 1. CG. polystachyus, Rotts. Rhizoma short; stem 3-angular, glabrous; wmbel usually contracted: involucre long, 3-6-leaved ; spikelets densely clustered, lanceolate, pointed, usually pale, many(-8)-flowered ; glumes elliptical-lanceolate, bluntish, 3-nerved at the keel with the midrib excurrent, 4-3 times as long as the furrow, twice as long as the oblong achenium ; stamens 2-1.—Rottd. Deser. ¢. 11. f. 1—Stem 1’ (8”-2’) high, naked above, usually exceeding the flat leaves;-glumes 1” long.—Has. Jamaica!, Pd., in moist : places; Antigua!, Wulschl.; Trinidad!, Cr.; [all tropical countries to Australia!, the Cape !, Algeria!, and the hot springs of Ischia !]. 7 2%, G.variegatus, Kth, Rhizoma short ; stem 3-angular, glabrous : clusters in an unequal or contracted umbel: involucre long, 3-leaved; spikelets ovate-oblong or oblong-lanceolate, bluntish, either pale or blackish, 14-8(—“ 24 ”’)-flowered ; glumes half-ovate-oblong, blunt, few-nerved at the keel, 4-5 times as long as the furrow, 24 times as long as the elliptical achenium ; stamens 2(-1).—C. melanostachyus, Kth.: the blackish, C. flavus, Pr/.: the yellowish-flowered form, of which the latter is our Jamaica plant, while the former exists in Swartz’s West Indian herbarium.—6"-18" high; glumes 1" long—Has. Jamaica!, Pd., in the plains of Westmoreland ; [Haiti ! Mexico to Costarica!, New Granada]. Sect. 2. JuncuLLus.—Spikelets compressed : glumes heeled : furrows narrowly margined. Style 2-cleft. Achenium compressed from the back. 3. C. mucronatus, Hotti. Rhizoma creeping ; stem cylindrical below, glabrous, 1- leaved (or naked); cluster single: involucre unequally 2-rayed: the longer ray erect, the inferior shorter than the cluster ; spizelets oblong or ovate, bluntish, pale, many (-6)-flowered ; glumes half-ovate, blunt, 3-4 times as long as the furrow, twice as long as the oval ache- nium ; stamens 38.—Rottb. Deser. ¢. 8. f. 4.—1}'-6" high; leaves narrow; glumes 1!" long.—Has. Antigua!, Wudischi. ; [all tropical countries to Egypt and Pantellaria !]. Sect. 8. Evoyprrus, Liebm.—Spikelets compressed or subcompressed: glumes keeled : rhachis persistent. Style 3-cleft. Achenium 3-angular. * Root annual. a C. compressus, J. Annual; stem 3-angular, glabrous; clusters umbellate (or 'y single): involucre long, 3-G-leaved ; spitelets flat-compressed, oblony-linear, pointed, pale, r, many (—6)-tlowered; glumes ha/f-ovate-oblong, cuspidate with a spreading-erect point, sharply ” keeled, many-nerved, winged, 4-5 times as long as the furrow, thrice as long as the obovate, 3-quetrous, smooth achenium ; stamens 3.—S/. ¢. 76. f. 1. Rottb. Deser. t. 9. f. 3.— 4"-12" high; leaves narrow, flat, rarely setaccous 3, Blumes 13! long.—-Has. Jamaica !, CYPERACE. 563 . Pd., in wet places ; Dominica !, Jmr.; Trinidad!, Sch., Lockh.; [southern United States! to Brazil! ; trop. Africa! and Asia !]. Vv 5. ©. acuminatus, Tour. Annual; stem low, 3-angular, glabrous ; clusters single or several : involucre long, 3-4-leaved ; spikelets ovate or oblong, bluntish, pale, many-12- ° flowered; glumes ovate-lanceolate, acute with the short point slightly spreading or re- eurved, 1-8-nerved at the keel, approximate, twice as long as the elliptical, compressed—3- angular, pointed achenium : furrows narrowly winged; stamen 1.—3’-8"(-12”) high: the stem often only as long as the involucre; leaves flat, glumes $" long—Has. Jamaica !, M'Nab ; (Illinois! to Cuba]. 6. C. tenuis, Sv. Avunual; stem slender or low, filiform, glabrous; clusters single or several: involucre of 3(—6) setaceous-linear leaves; spikelets linear, at length reflexed, brown, 6-4-flowered ; glumes half-ovate, pointed with the short point slightly spreading, 9—-7-nerved, about twice as long as the winged furrow, half as long again as the obliquely elliptical, 3-gonal, slightly dotted acheninm ; stamens 3-2.—4”-8” (2"-12") high ; leaves setaceous-linear, ceespitose ; glumes #/" long—Has. Jamaica!, Pd., March, in wet places Westmoreland. ** Perennial species. + Furrows wingless or narrowly winged. 7. ©. confertus, Sw.! Rhizoma short; stem obtuse-angled below, glabrous, about as Jong as the leaves; clusters unequally umbellate, rarely single: involucre long, 3-6-leaved ; spikelets obloug, greenish or greenish-brown, 18-4-flowered ; glumes spreading, elliptical- lanceolate, recurved acuminate, 11—-nerved, 6-4 times as long as the naked furrow, twice as long as the elliptical-oblong, 3-quetrons, pointed achenium ; stamens 3.—Habit of €. com- pressus, L., but stouter, 1'-2! high ; leaves narrow, usually channelled; glumes variable in size, 14!"-2" long—Has. Jamaica!, Sw., Al, March, in wet pastures; Antigua !, Wullschl., (S. Croix!; Venezeula]. - 8. ©. ochraceus, V. Rhizoma short; stem 3-angular, glabrous ; clusters unequally umbellate, (or “single ”) : involucre long, 5-9-leaved; spikelets oblong, bluntish, yellowish, many-8-flowered ; glumes spreading, subulate with a bluntish, incurved-erect point, auricled at the base, obscurely 3—1-nerved, 4 times as long as the naked furrow, half as long again as the elliptical, obtuse-angled, pointed, dotted achenium; stamen 1.—SV/, ¢. 75. f. L— C. elegans, L. (nou V.), from Sloane’s figare, while Linneeus’s description refers more to the preceding.—3'-1! high, flat-leaved ; glumes 2’” long, at length dotted.—Has. Jamaica!, Pd., Al., M‘Nab, Wiis., in wet places; Antigua!, Wudlschi.; Trinidad!, Sch. ; [Cuba! to French islands! Galapagos !}. 9. ©. viscosus, Aiz. Rhizoma short; stem obtuse-angled below, scabrous, viseous ; leaves convolute-filiform ; clusters unequally umbellate : involucre long, 3—5-leaved ; spike- lets ovate, blunt, greenish-brown, 12—4-flowered ; glumes elliptical, mucronate with a short, spreading point, 11—-1-nerved, approximate, twice as long as the obovate, 3-gonal, smooth achenium: furrows naked; stamens 2.—Rottb. Deser. ¢. 6. f.4.—C. elegans, Rotts.— 3/-2' high; glumes 1” long.—Has. Jamaica!, Macf.; Antigua!, Nichols, Wullschl. ; Dominica!, Jmr.; Trinidad!; [Cuba! to French islands!, Sieb. Mart. 12; Mexico to Venezuela }. ‘ Ff 10. C. laxus, am. Rhizoma short; stem 3-angalar, glabrous; leaves broadly linear, fiat ; clusters in a compound umbet : involucre long, 6-12-leaved 5 spikelets oblong, bluntish, greenish, or greenish-brown, 16-G-flowered ; g/umes roundish-elliptical, mucronate with a greenish, spreading point, 5—T-nerved, with a broadly membranaceous margin, thrice as long as the naked furrow, half as long again as the elliptical, 8-quetrous, smooth achenium ; stamens 8-2.—C. elegans, V., Mey. ! (non L.).—3'-2' high ; leaves 4/2!" broad ; glumes 3! long Has. Jamaica!, A/., M‘Nab, Wullschl., March ; Trinidad!, Steb. Tr. 9; [Pa- nama!, Venezuela!, Guiana !, Brazil]. ll. G. simplex, Kt. Rhizoma short; stem 3-augular, glabrous, usually shorter than or as long as the involucre; leaves flat ; clusters of 3-5 (-]) diverging spikelets in a@ simple, lax umbel: involucre long, 5-12-leaved ; spikelets oblong-linear, tapering above, greenish-brown, many(-8-)flowered ; glumes oblong-lanceolate, acuminate with a bluntish, erect point, I-11-nerved near the middle, 4 times as long as the narrowly winged furrow, “B64 " CYPERACKA. ‘thrice as long as the truncate-obovate, subglobose-3-gonal, dotted achenium; stamen 1.— Prsl. Relig. Henk. 1. t. 31. f. 1.—8"-12" high (the long rays up the umbel included) ; ‘leaves 2!" broad ; glumes 1” long—Has. Trinidad!, Pd., Lockh.; [Panama and Vene- zuela ! to Uruguay |. » 12. G. surinamensis, Rottd. Rhizoma short; stem 3-angular, scabrous; leaves ‘flat ; clusters dense, unequally umbellate: involucre long, 6—-3-leaved ; spikelets oblong, or ovate-oblong, blunt, yellowish, many—10-flowered ; glumes shortly ovate-oblong, bluntish, 3-nerved, 4-5 times as long as the naked furrow, twice as long as the elliptical-oblong, 3- gonal, pointed, dotted achenium; stamen 1.—Rottd. Deser. t. 6. f. 5.—C. vegetus, Mey. “Esseq. ! (non W.).—1'-2' high; leaves 13/”-1'" broad; glumes 3"" long —Has. Trinidad !, Sieb. Tr. 8; [Portorico and Mexico to Brazil !]. - 18. CG. Luzule, Rotts. Perennial; stem 3-angular, glabrous; Zeaves glaucous, flat, elusters very dense, subglobose-ovate, in a short umbel: involucre very long, 6—12-leaved ; ‘spikelets ovate, blunt, pale, 12-4-flowered; glumes oblong-lanceolate, bluntish, 3-nerved, ‘approximate, twice as long as the elliptical-oblong, 3-gonal, pointed, dotted achenium : fur- rows naked; stamen 1.—Rottd. Deser. ¢. 18. f. 2.—C. trinitatis, Steud. ;—8"-24" high; glumes 2!" long.—Has. Dominica!; Trinidad !, Sied. Tr. 1; [Carolina!; Panama!, Guiana!, Brazil !). : 14. GC. Hlaspan, Z. Rhizoma short; stem 3-angular above, glabrous; Jeaves none or few and short ; clusters of 3-7, diverging spikelets in a simple or compound umbel: in- -volucre short, 2-leaved ; spikelets oblong-linear, bluntish, brown, many—8-flowered ; glumes oblong-linear, mucronate with a short, erect point, 3-nerved, 4 times as long as the naked furrow, and as the minute, ovoid-3-gonal, dotted acheniam; stamens 3.—Rottd. Deser. t. 6.f. 2; ¢.17.f. 3: the latter is the common, aphyllous form, in both figures the involucre is more than usually developed.—C. autumnalis, 7.—8"—3! high, very variable ; glumes 3!" long.—Has. Jamaica !, A/., Wudlschd. ; [southern United States! to Brazil! ; trop. Asia! and Africa! to the Cape]. rc tt Furrows winged : wing membranaceous, at length separating from its glume, and more tardily from the rhachis. v 15. ©. articulatus, Z. Rhizoma stoloniferous, knobbed; stem cylindrical, trans- versely partitioned, aphyllous, glabrous ; clusters of spreading spikelets in a simple, or com- pound umbel: involucre reduced, scaly ; spikelets linear, acuminate, brown, many-flowered ; glumes oblony-lanceolate, bluntish, 7-5-nerved, 3-4 times as long as the winged furrow and as the obovate-oblong, 3-gonal achenium; stamens 3.—S/. 7. 81. f. 1.—2'—4! high, variable in the validity of the stem, the colour of the glumes, and (like all other species) in the size of the inflorescence and spikelets; glumes 1} long.—Has. Jamaica!, March ; Antigua!, Wullschl.; Trinidad!, Cr.; [all tropical countries to Egypt!, the Cape, and southern United States]. 16. CG. trichodes, Gr. (n. sp.) Rhizoma creeping, knobbed; stem low, setaceous; glabrous, flexuose, exceeding the recurved, setaceous leaves; spikelet single, lateral, linear, acuminate, brown, 16—4-flowered; glumes ovate-lanceolate, bluntish, 9-5-nerved, thrice as long as the winged furrow, twice as long as the obliquely obovate-oblong, 3-gonal achenium ; stamens 8.—Habit of Seirpus se¢aceus, but all glumes regularly distichons; stem almost hair-like, 4-8" long, its summit (replacing, as in C. mucronatus, the involucre) 1-2" long beyond the spikelet; leaves 3-3" long in dense tufts along the slender, shortly- branched rhizoma; spikelet 4-2" long, 4-2!" broad, compressed: 2 lowest glumes empty, or the lowest transformed into a short, setaceous bract : wings of the furrow about as broad as the rhachis, early loose, at leugth disappearing; glumes }!”—3! long: keel greenish, 3-nerved ; stamens included; style filiform, 3-fid above the middle—Has. Jamaica!, Wudllschl., Manchester, at Fairfield. 17. C. rotundus, L. Rhizoma stoloniferous, bearing ovoid tubers; stem 8-angular, glabrous ; leaves flat; clusters or short spikes of spreading spikelcts unequally umbellate : involuere 3-5-leaved ; spekelets linear, acuminate, drown, many-flowered ; glumes half: * ovate, bluntish, few-nerved at the green keel, 4-5 times as long as the winged furrow, thrice as long as ‘the vbovate-oblong, 3-gonal achenium ; stamens 3.—Rottd, Deser. t. 14. CYPERACER. 565 Ff. 2.—C. hexastachyos, Rotts. (non Sw.) C. Hydra, V. C. premorsus, Béckeler. C. spha- celatus, Sieb. Mixt. 359 (non Rottb.). C. olivaris, Yurg.—6"'-12" (-1}') high ;° glumes 13" long. —Has. Jamaica!, Pd., Wils., March, a troublesome weed, said to be introduced ; S. Kitts!, Hvs., Antigua!, Wuddschl.; Trinidad !, Sied.; [United States! to Guiana!, and all tropical and warmer temperate countries of the old world]. / 18. ©. esculentus, L. Rhizoma stoloniferous, bearing subglobose tubers ; stem 8- angular, glabrous ; leaves flat; clusters of spreading spikelets unequally umbellate : involucre 3-5-leaved ; spikelets linear, pale-brown, or straw-coloured, many (-6)-flowered ; glumes hatf-ovate-oblong, blunt, 7-nerved, 3-4 times as long as the winged furrow, twice as long as the obovate-oblong, 3-gonal achenium; stamens 3.—C. aureus, Tex, C. repens, Hil. C, phymatodes, Miihd. C. gracilescens, R. S—1'-2! high; glumes’ 1” long—Has. Ja- maica!, March ; (all tropical countries to Italy !, the Cape, and United States !]. 7 19. ©. brunneus, Sv. Rhizoma short; stem 3-angular, glabrous ; leaves flat, keeled, glaucous ; clusters or spikes of many diverging spikelets in a simple, or compound, con- tracted, or unequal umbel: involucre long, 3—6-leaved ; spikelets lanceolate-linear, bicon- vex, rusty-brown, 12—3-flowered ; glumes half-ovate, bluntish, 9-11-nerved, thrice as long as the winged furrow, twice as long as the elliptical-oblong, 3-gonal achenium ; stamens 3. —Si. t. 74. f. 2, 3 2.—C. insignis, Kh. (ex Sieb. Trin. 7). C. purpurascens, V.: a broad- leaved form with compressed umbels. C. planifolius, Rich. (ex deser.).—1'—-4' high ; leaves 3!"_6" broad ; glumes 13!" long.— Has. Jamaica!, Pd., on the sandy seacoast; Antigua!, Wullschi., Dominica!, Imr.; Trinidad !, Sied.; [Cuba! to Guadeloupe !].. 20. ©. sphacelatus, Hott). Rhizoma short; stem 8-angular, glabrous: one side channelled below ; leaves flat ; clusters or spikes of spreading spikelets unequally umbellate : involucre long, 3-6-leaved ; spitelets linear, tapering above, many-flowered, greenish, mostly with an oblong, purple blotch along the margin ; glumes half-ovate-oblong, bluntish with a minute point, 5-3-nerved, 4 times as long as the winged‘furrow, 23 times as long as the elliptical, 8-quetrous achenium; stamens 3.—C. hexastachyos, Sw. (non Rott.) C. Bal- bisii, Xt.—8"'-2 high ; glumes 14!" long —Has. Jamaica!, Ad., ‘Nad ; 8. Kitts!, Eis., a noxious weed, Antigua!, Wud/sch/., Dominica!, Imr.; [Haiti to Brazil !]. 21, C. distans, Z., Si. Rhizoma short ; stem 3-angular, glabrous ; leaves flat; spikes of spreading spikelets in a large compound (or simple) umbel: involucre long, 8-5-leaved ; spikelets linear, 16-8-flowered, brown, at length pale; glumes distant, oblong, bluntish, 5-3-nerved at the convex keel, at length spreading, twice as long as the winged furrow, 4as long again as the oblong-lanceolate, 3-gonal achenium; stamens 3.—Lotéd. Deser. t. 10.—C. elatus, Rodts.—Stout, 1}/-3! high ; glumes 2” long—Has. Antigua!, Wadischl.; [S. Thomas to Brazil; trop. Asia!, Australia, and Africa to the Cape]. Sect. 4. Drctiprum, Schrad.—Spikelets subcylindrical : glumes rounded on the back: rhachis jointed, its furrows deep, including or embracing the 3-angular achenium by its persistent wing or margin. Style 3-cleft. . * Spikelets in a single, lateral cluster. we 22. C. filiformis, Sw. Rhizoma short; stem slender, striate, 3-angular above, gla- brous ; leaves setaceous-linear, or most abortive; cluster single, exceeded by one, erect leaf of the 3—-1-leaved involucre; spikelets linear, flexuose, 8-4-flowered, pale, or pale- brown ; glumes oblong, bluntish, obsoletely many-nerved, twice as long as the furrow, half as long again as the lanceolate-oblong, 3-gonal, dotted achenium : furrows convex on the back; wings membranaceous; stamens 8.—C. havanensis, 7.—4’-3' high; glumes 14" long.—Has. Jamaica!, Pd., Al., March, Wullschi., ou grassy hills; [Cuba!, Haiti]. ** Snikes of approximate spikelets, in a simple or compound umbel. 93. G. odoratus, LZ. Rhizoma skort; stem stout, 3-quetrous, glabrous; leaves broadly linear ;, spikes in a compound umbel: involucre long, 6-12-leaved ; spitelets linear, 12-7-flowered, pale ; glumes oblong-lanceolate, bluntish, striate, twice as long as the furrow and as the lanceolate-oblong, convex—3-goual, included achenium: furrows convex on the back: wings-chartaceous: stamens 3.—3/. ¢. 74. f. 1—C. Sancta Crucis, Liebm:—2!~-several feet high; glumes 14" long, 2-lowest empty ones broad at the base; wt 566 CYPERACES. achenium pale—Has, Jamaica!, AJ. ; Antigua!, Wulschi., Dominica!, Zmr., S. Vincent !, Guild, ; Trinidad !, Sch. ; [Cuba to Guiana!]. f 24. ©. densiflorus, Mey./ Rhizoma short; stem stout, 3-quetrous, glabrous; leaves ta linear, flat ; spikes in u compound umbel ; involucre 6-12-leaved ; spikelets linear, 18-8- flowered, pale ; glumes oblong-lanceolate, bluntish, striate, twice as long as the furrow, half as long again as the lanceolate-oblong, convex—3-gonal, shortly erserled achenium: furrows convex on the back: wings chartaceous ; stamens 3.—C. ferax, Rich. sec. Ns. (non C. ferox, V.). Diclidium ferox, Schrad.—Habit exactly of the preceding, and variable, but glumes 1” long, the lowest two empty ones often setaceous, and achenium exserted from the wings, at length brown, dotted—Has. Jamaica!, We/s.; Montserrat; Trinidad!, Cr. ; [Guatemala !, Guiana !, Brazil !]. 25. C. flexuosus, 7. Rhizoma short ; stem 3-quetrous above, glabrous ; leaves linear, flat; spikes usually 8-5-nate in a large, unequal umbel: involucre 6-12-leaved ; spikelets linear, 6-3-flowered, diverging, pale ; glumes oblong-lanceolate, bluntish, thrice as long as the furrow, twice as long as the lanceolate-oblong, convex—3-gonal, shortly exserted ache- nium : furrows convex on the back: wings chartaceous; stamens 3.—Rudg. Guian. t. 20. —C. stellatus, Rudg.—Habit of the preceding, but spikelets shorter (3'’-4! long), less ap- proximate. 2/—4! high ; glumes 13" long ; achenium pale.-—Hae. Jamaica !, March, Wils.; [Cuba ! to Brazil !, Pepp. 30831}. 26. C. Vahlii, Steud. Rhizoma short ; stem 3-angular, glabrous : one side channelled ; leaves linear, flat; spikes usually 3-5-nate in a simple umbel: involucre 5—8-leaved ; spikelets densely approximate, linear, 12~4-flowered, purple-brown ; glumes oblong, blunt, striate on the green bark, ¢wice as long as the furrow and as the obovate-oblong, oblique, 8-gonal, included achenium : furrows convex on the back : wings chartaceous.—Diclidium, Ns. C. ferox, V. (non C. ferax, Rick.).—1'-2' high, approaching C. brunneus, Sw., in habit; glumes 14! long; ,achenium pale, dotted—Haxs. Jamaica!, Wéls.; Antigua}, Wullscht. ; [Cuba!, French islands !]. 27. C. Ehrenbergii, Xth. Rhizoma short; stem 3-angular, glabrous: one side channelled ; leaves linear, flat; spites usually ternate in a simple umbel : involucre long, 3-8-leaved ; spikelets approximate, diverging, linear, 10-6-flowered, pale, or rusty-brown ; glumes oblong-lanceolate, bluntish, 5-nerved at the greenish back, thrice as long as the furrow, half as long again as the ebovate-oblong, convex-3-gonal, more than half exserted achenium : furrows couvex on the back: wings membranaceous ; stamens 3.—C. strigosus, Schlecht. (non L.).—Rhachis less distinctly jointed than in the other Dictidia, but habit and glumes of C. odoratus.—1'-2! high ; glumes 1!" long; achenium dotted.—Has. Jamaica !, Wullscht. ; (Cuba! to Guiana!, Kegel, 95]. Sect. 5. Papyrus, Pet. Thouars.—Spikelets subcompressed with keeled glumes: rhachis ‘persistent, its wings chartaceous, early separated and forming nearly free scales, adhering only at the base. Style 3-cleft. Achenium 3-angular. Spikelets spikate. 28. C. elatus, Z. (mon Rottd.), Perennial; stem high, 3-angular, glabrous; clusters of spikes in a large umbel, supported by long involucels : involucre very long, many-leaved ; spikelets spikate, spreading, lanceolate-linear, 10-3-flowered, pale; glumes oblong, mucro- nulate-obtusate, few-nerved at the keel, thrice as long as the furrow and as the lanceolate- acuminate scales; stamens 3,—S/. ¢. 8.—Papyrus, Ns. C. Neesii, Kth. C. jubeeflorus, Rudg. (Guian. t. 21)?: a form with shorter involucels—6'-9! high ; umbel compound, or simple: involucral leaves linear-acuminate, suberect, often 1'-14' long; rays of the umbel 3"-6", spikes 1"-1}" long, the latter exceeded by or exceeding the involucel ; glumes }”” long; anthers mucronate——Has. Jamaica!, Sw., Wils., March, along lagoons; Barbadoes ; Trinidad !, Cr.; [Guiana ; East Indies !]. Sect. 6. Mariscus. V.— Spikelets few-flowered, subcompressed with keeled glumes : rhachis jointed at the base: 2 lowest empty glumes persistent below the joint. Style 3-cleft. Achenium 3-angular —Spikelets spikate or capitate. * Spikes umbellate: spikelets turned to ail sides, 29. ©. ligularis, Z, Rhizoma short ; stem stout, 3-angular, roughish ; leaves broadly CYPERACER, 567. linear, glaucous; heads oblong, blunt, 3-7 -nately clustered, in an unequal umbel, lateral shorter, diverging : involucre long, 5-8-leaved ; spikelets densely approximate-imbricated, rusty or pale, lanceolate, 3-5-flowered, inferior recurved ; glumes oblong, bluntish, many- nerved, thrice as long as the furrow, twice as long as the elliptical-3-gonal achenium : wings of the furrow broad, at length disappearing ; stamens 3.—S/. ¢.9. Rottd. Deser. t. 11. J. 2.—Mariscus coriaceus, Mey. Esseg. /—-2'-4' high; terminal heads 8'"-10", fertile glumes about 1” long.—Has. Jamaica!, 47. Wils., March ; Antigua!, Wullschl., Domi- nica !, Zmr., Barbadoes; (Cuba! and Mexico to Brazil!; trop. Africa to the Cape]. 30. ©. Meyenianus, Kh. Rhizoma short; stem 3-angular, glabrous; leaves linear, flat; spikes slender, umbellate : involucre long, 5-12-leaved ; spikelets spreading, distinct, pale or brownish-variegated, linear, 5-3-flowered ; glumes oblong-lanceolate, bluntish, many-nerved, twice as long as the furrow, half as long again as the oblong-3-gonal ache- nium: furrows narrowly winged; stamens 3.—Mariscus, Ns. 8/—1/-13' high; spikes W-14", glumes 14/14" long.—Has. Jamaica!, Wudlschl.; [Venezuela!, Brazil!]. ** Spikes umbellate or clustered: spikelets subdistichous. 31. C. anceps, Liebm. Rhizoma short; stem slender, 3-angular, glabrous: one side channelled ; leaves linear, flat ; spikes lax, of 16-30 diverging, somewhat distant, subdisti- chous spikelets, unequally umbellate, interior sessile: involucre 4—8-leaved : exterior leaf- lets long, spreading ; spikelets lanceolate-linear, rusty-brown, 5-6-flowered ; fertile glumes oblong, bluntish, 7-9-nerved, thrice as long as the furrow, half as long again as the ellip- tical-oblong, 8-gonal achenium : furrows broadly winged: stamens 3.—1'~2! high; glumes 1” long. —Has. Jamaica !, Wallsehi. ; [Cuba]. 82. C. Mutisii, Gr. Rhizoma short; stem 3-angular, glabrous : one side channelled; , leaves linear, flat; spzkes slender, of 20-40, spreading, somewhat distant, subdistichous spikelets, unequally unibellate, interior or all sessile: involucre 4-“‘9”-leaved: exterior leatlets long; spikelets lanceolate, rusty-brown, 2-l}-flowered ; fertile glumes oblong, bluntish, 7-nerved, thrice as long as the furrow, twice as long as the oblong, 3-gonal ache- nium: furrows broadly winged; stamens 3.—Kth. Nov. Gen. t. 66.—Mariscus, Kth. (non Anders.). M. Peeppigianus, Kth—1! high; inferior fertile glumes 14” loug.— Has. Jamaica !, Pd. ; [Mexico, Venezuela!, Peru]. 33. C. platystachyus, Gr. (x. sp.). Rhizoma short; stem 3-angular, glabrous, tumid at the base: 2 sides channelled; leaves linear, flat, equalling the stem ; spekes broadly ob- long, flattish from numerous, horizontally diverging, subdistichous spikelets, clustered-sub- sessile: involucre long, 5~8-leaved; spikelets linear-acuminate, pale or variegated with reddish lines, 5-3-flowered ; fertile glumes lanceolate, acuminate with a bluntish point, many-nerved, thrice as long as the furrow, half as long again as the oblong, 3-gonal ache- nium: furrows winged; stamens 3.—Allied to C. oostachyus, Ns. !, in which the spikes are shorter and rounded, the glumes longer aud twice as long as the achenium. 1/-14! high, slender; leaves 1-13!" broad; spikes about 6, 6-10", spikelets 3-4", glumes 14" long: the nerves of the latter prominent.—Has. Jamaica!, 4l., March, Wullschi. 34. G. cyclostachyus, Gr. (x. sp.). Root fibrous; stem slender, 3-angular, glabrous : one side narrow, channelled; leaves linear, flat; heads orbicular from spreading and re- curved spikelets, unequally umbellate, central subsessile: involucre long, spreading, 4—6- leaved ; spikelets somewhat distichous, approximate, lanceolate-linear, greenish and pale, 3-4-flowered ; fertile glumes oblong or oblong-lanceolate, bluntish, 7-9-nerved, thrice as long as the furrow, twice as long as the oblong acheninm: furrows narrowly winged ; sta- mens 3; style 8-partite, exserted—Allied to C. ovudaris, Torr. 12"'-6" high ; leaves - 12" broad; heads usually 5, 5/6" diam.: exterior peduncles 1’—14" long; spike- lets 20-40, 3'", glumes 12!" long.—Has. Jamaica !, March. ##% Spikes clustered (rarely a few peduncled) : spikelets turned to all sides. 35. C. flavamarisecus, Gr. Rhizoma shortly creeping; stems approximate, tumid at the base, 3-quetrous, glabrous ; leaves linear, flat ; spikes shortly oblong-cylindrical, blunt, clustered (rarely a few peduncled): involucre 8-6-leaved: 1-3 leaflets long, spreading ; spikelets densely approximate, imbricate, lanceolate, yellowish or variegated with brown, 2-1k-flowered; fertile glumes ovate-oblong, bluntish, many-nerved, twice as long as. NA 568 CYPERACEZ: the furrow and as the obovate-oblong, obtusely 3-quetrous achenium: furrows ‘broadly winged.—Mariscus flavus, 7. M. elatus, V. M. aggregatus, Sieb. Mart. 19 |—8"'-1}! high, variable; spikes usually 5-7, 6!"(-12"), glumes 13’ long; spikelets often as long as the lowest sterile glume (the bract).—Has. Jamaica!, 4/.; Antigua!, Wullschl. ; Trinidad! ; [Cuba! and Mexico to Brazil !J. 2. KYLLINGA, Rottd. Spikelets of a single fertile flower: 2 lower empty, small glumes approximate to the third fertile and the fourth sterile glume. Achenium beakless.— Spikelets densely approximate in single or severat clustered (rarely peduncled) heads ; involucre 3(2-4)-leaved. — * Style 3-fid ; achenium 8-gonal. 36. K. filiformis, Sw. Rhizoma short; stem several-leaved ; leaves narrowly linear + heads shortly oblong or subglobose, 3(-4) in a cluster, or single, (or a few peduncled) : 2 in- volucral leaves long, the third usually short (or abortive); fertile glume 15—9-nerved, , pointed, little longer or almost half as long again as the 3-gonal, ellipsoidal, dotted achenium ; ” stamens 3; style 3-fid.—Mariscus, Spreng.—6"~14! high, very variable in the form, the. arrangement, and the colour of the heads, but conform in the approximate, prominent glume- nerves. a, Heads usually shortly oblong, 3!"-2' long, 1-8 sessile, or one of them peduncled ; spikelets ovate-lanceolate, spreading, or at length reflexed, olivaceous or yellowish; achenium blackish, little shorter than the glume. B. Berteroana. Heads shortly oblong, blant, 3''—-4'" long, 3-4 in a cluster ; spikelets elliptical-lanceolate, diverging, yellowish; achenium yellowish or pale-brown, little exceeding. half the glume.—Mariscus filiformis, from Guadeloupe, Kh. y. capillaris. Teads subglobose, 2” diam., solitary or the 2 lateral smaller, densely clustered, rusty or rusty-brown: involucre unequal: the longest leaflet suberect ; achenium blackish, little shorter than the glume.—Schenus capillaris, Sw. (Mariscus, 7.).—Hasz. Jamaica !, March (a), Wullschl.; [Cuba!, French islands! (8); Mexico! to Guiana !]. ** Style Qfid ; achenium compressed. 37. KK. triceps, Rotth., Sw., Mey.! Rhizoma short; stem several-leaved; leaves. linear-acuminate, flat; heads shortly oblong or subglobose, 8(-1) clustered, pale; fertile glume membranaceous with a green, glabrescent keel, 9-5-nerved with the lateral nerves dglicate, ovate-lanceolate, pointed, twice as long as the elliptical achenium; stamens 2; style 2-fid—Rottb. Deser. t. 4. f. 6.—K. odorata, V., Ns.—4"-8" high; heads 6"-2!", spikelets 13! long.—Has. Jamaica!, March; Autigua!, Wudischi., Dominica !, Imr., in pastures; Trinidad!, Sch.; [Panama!, Guiana!, Brazil; East Indies]. y 38. K. monocephala, Rottd., Sw.. Rhizoma creeping ; stem several-leaved ; leaves linear, flat ; heads single, globose, pale, involucre 3(—4)-leaved, spreading; fertile glume. membranaczeous with a green keel, 7-9-nxerved with the lateral nerves delicate, ovate-lanceo- late, mucronate, twice as long the elliptical, pale achenium ; stamens 1-2(-8) ; style 2-fid—, Rotth. Descr. t. 4. f.4.—K. eruciformis, Schrad.! K. sororia, Kth. Cyperus kyllingioides, Sieb. Mart. 16 !|—8"-12" high; heads 3-2" diam.; spikelets 1” long: mucro of the glumes slightly spreading.—Has. Jamaica!, 4l., March, Wils., common; S. Vincent !, Guild. [Mexico ! to Brazil; Pacific islands !, trop. Australia, Hast Indies !'. , * 89. K. brevifolia, Roth. Rhizoma creeping (or stoloniferons) ; stem 1(-several)- leayed, much longer than the leaf; leaves linear, flat; heads single(-), subglobose, pale: involucre spreading ; fertile glume membranaceous with a green keel, 7-9-nerved with the lateral nerves prominent, oblong-lanceolate, recurved-mucronate, more than twice as long as the elliptical achenium; stamens 2-3; style 2-fid—Rottb. Deser. ¢. 4. Sf. 38.—k. striata, Schrad.—2'-1' high, slender ; heads 2'"-3'" diam.; spikelets 14" long. —Has. Jamaica !, March ; Antigua!, Wullschi., Dominica!, Imr., in pastures; Trinidad!, Sch. ; [Cuba; to, Brazil! ; Hast Indies !]. : ‘ 40. K. aphylla, Kth. Rhizoma creeping, bearing ovate, spreading scales; stems aphylious, sheathed at the base: head single, globose, exceeding the involucre, pale or pale- a= - CYPERACER. 569 rusty; fertile glume membranaceous at the margin, oblong, bluntish, 5-7-nerved with the lateral nerves delicate, twice as long as the obovate-oblong achenium: uppermost glume exserted, sharply keeled; stamens 3; style 2-fid.—SI. ¢. 87. f. 2.—Mariseus, 7. K. glo- bosa, P. B. K. vaginata, Lam. (ex parte) —Stems approximate along the rhizoma, 2/-14' high, triquetrous at the tapering summit; heads dense, 6!—4!" diam.; spikelets 14/2!" long.— Has. Jamaica!, Pa., March, Al., on the seashore; Antigua!, Wullschl.; Trini- dad !, Cr.; [Haiti and Mexico to Ecuador!; trop. Africa]. 3. REMIREA, Audi. Spikelets 1-flowered : 8 or more inferior glumes empty, the uppermost fertile, at length leathery, including the achenium. Stamens 3. Style 3-fid: the achenium beaked by its base.—-Rhizoma branched ; stem densely leafy ; leaves riyid, spreading, channelled, taper- ing into a pungent point ; heads dense, several in a cluster. _ 41. R. maritima, dvi. Leaves subdistichous; clusters sessile—3"-4” high; leaves 1-14", clusters 4'"-6" long; sterile glumes many-nerved, pale or pale-brown, the fertile dotted.—Has. Trinidad!, Pd., Cr., on the seashore; (Panama! to Brazil!; West coast of trop. Africa]. 4, ABILDGAARDIA, FP. Character of Cyperus, but fertile glumes becoming 8-stichous by torsion of the rhachis, style jointed at the base, and achenium mostly tubercled or winged.—Spikelets compressed : rhachis winged ; style 3-fid. _- 42. &.monostachya, 7. Perennial; stem usually exceeding the narrow leaves ; spike- lets single (-2), terminal, ovate, pointed, pale, many-flowered ; glumes 3-nerved at the keel, 2 lowest empty, mucronate; achenium tubercled, 3-costate-subglobose, shortly stipitate. —Sl. t.79. f. 2. Rotth. Deser. t. 18. f. 3.—Cyperus, L.—4"-6"(-12") high; spikelets 3'_4!" long.—Has. Jamaica !, Wils.; Antigua!, Wullschl., Dominica!, Imr. ; Trinidad !, Sieb. ; [Cuba! to Brazil! ; East Indies! to the Cape and Australia]. Tripe II. SCIRPEA—Flowers hermaphrodite (or polygamous) : scales imbricated all round. 5. SCIRPUS, Z. Glumes devoid of included scales, most fertile, or 1-2 lowest sterile: the flower often sup- ported by bristles. Acheniwm headless, or crowned with the thickish base of the style— Spikelets single, or eymose. . Sect. 1, Excocuarts, R. Br.—Flowers supported by bristles (or the bristles sometimes abortive). Achenium jointed with the persistent, thickish base of the style (the tubercle). —Spikelets single terminating the naked stem. * Stem striate, knotless, and devoid of distant transverse partitions of the pith. 43. S. retroflexus, Poir. Rhizoma filiform, fibrous at the tufts; stems low, angular, capillary, knotless, recurved ; spikelets elliptical-oblong, few-flowered ; glumes few-ranked, oblong, bluntish, the lowest half as long as the spikelet or longer ; style 3fid ; achenium pale, obovate, 8-keeled with convex, delicately and densely striate sides, exceeding the bristles: tubercle small, conical, pointed.— Cyperus depauperatus, Vr. (Eleocharis, Kth.). Chectocyperus polymorphus a, Ns. Ch. rugulosus, Ws./ 1 '_3"(5") high ; spikelet 1!”—-2'” long, pale, or purple-variegated: flowers 2-6, lowest glume #"_-1" long. —HaB. Jamaica !, Pd., Wiis., in ponds and wet places ; Dominica, Imr.; Trinidad, Cr.; [Cuba! and Mexico! to Brazil !]. 44. S. exiguus, Kh. Rhizoma creeping; stem long, angular, capillary, knotless ; spikelet elliptical-oblong, 6-12-flowered ; glumes few-ranked, oblong, bluntish, subequal ; style 3-2-fid ; achenium pale, obovate, subcompressed, 3-keeled with 2 turgid-convex, smooth sides, exceeding the few bristles, or bristles wanting: tubercle depressed-mamillar, fattish, shortly mucronate at the contre.—Eleocharis, Schault.—Vlabit of S. acicularis, L., 3-5 570 CYPERACER. high ; spikelet 2’ long; glumes purple, pale at the margin; filaments 2-3, long, persistent. —Has. Trinidad !, Cr., in savannahs; Mexico! to Venezuela!, Fendi. 1585). 45. S. ocreatus, Gr. Rhizoma fibrous, stoloniferous; stems low, striate, knotless : sheaths loose, membranaceous, pointless; spikelet ovate-oblong, 5-15-flowered; glumes few-ranked, elliptical-oblong, bluntish; sty/e 2-fid ; achenium shining brown, obovate, Siconver, smooth, nearly as long as the bristles: tubercle small, conical, pointed, about one- third as broad as the achenium.—Eleogenus, Ns. Eleocharis sulciculmis, Sted. Trin. 4! 8. caribeeus, PZ. Oarib.—8"'-1"(-1') high: stolons few, tardily appearing ; spikelet 1/"'-2"" long, usually pale: lowest glume one-half or one-third as long.—Has. Jamaica!, Wudischl. ; Trinidad !, Sied. ; (Cuba! to Brazil !]. . 46. S. capitatus, L., Cliff. (non Sp. Plant.).—Root fibrous, annual ; stems striate, knotless: sheaths pointed ; spikelet globose-conical, many-flowered ; glumes many-ranked, oval-roundish, blunt; style 2-fid; achenium shining-brown, obovate, biconver, smooth, shorter than the bristles: ¢udercle small, mamillar, mucronate, pale.—Sl. t.75.f.2. Rottb, Deser. t. 15. f. 3: a low form.—Eleogenus, Ns.’ Eleocharis, R. Br. (ex parte), Kth, 8, geniculatus, Z. (ex parte).—Usually 1! high, or lower ; spikelet, 2” long, pale, or variegated : flowers dense, 50-80.—HaB. Jamaica !, Wils., M‘Nab; Auntigua!, Wulischl. ; Trimidad |, Pd., Cr., Lockh.; (Louisiana! and Cuba! to Brazil!; trop. Asia!, Australia !, and Africa !]. 47. S. maculosus, V. Rhizoma creeping; stem slender, striate, knotless: sheaths membranaceous at the lacerate, pointless top; spikelet elliptical-oblong, pointed, many- flowered ; glumes many-rauked, ovate-oblong, blunt, brown-purple within the whitish, membranaceous magin ; style 2-fid ; achenium shining-black, obovate-roundish, minute, turgid-biconvex, smooth, half as long as the bristles ; tubercle conical, bluntish, pale, half as broad as the achenium.—Eleocharis, R. Br.—l}'-1' high; spikelet 4!-5'" long: flowers a 30; lowest glume 14!"-2" long—Has. Caribbean islands; [Guadeloupe ! to Brazil !]. 48. S. mitratus, Gr. (n. sp.). Rhizoma fibrous, stoloniferous; stem slender, striate, knotless: sheaths obliquely truncate, or pointed, appressed; spikelet cylindrical, many- flowered ; glumes 5-3-ranked, ovate-oblong, blunt, herbaceous with a membranaceous margin, lowest clasping; style 2-fid ; ackenium pale, obovate-roundish, subtruncate and produced into a tumid ring around the tubercle, constricted at the base, diconvesr, longitudinally 11- 13-costate on each side, twice as long as the bristles: tubercle compressed, bluntly couical, nearly half as long as the achenium, deciduous.—Habit of S. palustris, the achenium larger than in the allied S. xodulosus ; stem cylindrical, 2'-1' high : partitions of the pith approxi- mate, several-ranked: sheaths purple; spikelet 8'-16” long; glumes about 1" long, variegated, greenish on the convex, substriate back, purple along the whitish margin ; ache- nium 3” long: ribs prominent, obtuse, transversely rugulose: tubercle brownish : bristles usually 6, unequal.— Has. Trinidad!, Cr., in savannahs, ** Stem terete, knotless, but divided internally by distant, transverse partitions of the pith. ‘ 49. S. nodulosus, Rik. Rhizoma creeping; stem slender, terete, striate, knotless : pith distantly partitioned ; uppermost sheath mucronate ; spikelet conical-cylindrical, pointed (or bluntish), many-flowered ; glumes many-ranked, membranaceous, flattish, ovate- lanceolate, or ovate, bluntish; style 3-2-fid ; achenium pale, ellipsoidal, biconvexr, nearly smooth, 28 long as the bristles: tubercle small, mamillar-conical, as broad and long as the constricted summit of the achenium.—Bleogenus, Ns. Eleocharis, Schult. E. consanguinea, Kth.! &. geniculatus, Sw. (non L.)—1'-2' high: partitions of the pith 1-ranked : sheaths purple; spikelet 8’”-3/"(-16") long; glumes rusty-variegated ; achenium }'” long, supported by a minute disk.—Has, Antigual, Wadischl., Dominica!, Imr.; [Guadeloupe !, Mexico ! to Brazil !]. *** Stem terete, thickish, knotted by distant, transverse partitions of the pith. 50. S. constrictus, Gr. Stem terete, thickish, knotted: sheaths truncate; spikelet cylindrical, or conical-cylindrical, blunt, biyger than the tapering or constricted summit of the stem ; glumes many-ranked, membranaceous, ovate, blunt, lowest herbaceous within the CYPERACES. 57L margin; style 3-fid ; achenium pale, obovate, constricted at the base, biconvex, nearly smooth, half as long again as the subulate tubercle, exceeded by the bristles.—Eleocharis, Schult. Limuochloa, Ns. 8. geniculatus, Mey. Eesseq. ! (Eleocharis, P?. Hostm., As. Gr. tm Pl. Ervendberg.),—8'~1' high; spikelet 12"-6" long, 4!"'-3"" thick, rusty, or rusty-varie- gated: bristles reaching to the summit of the beak.—Has. Jamaica!, Wils., Wudlschl., in water; Dominica!, Zmr.; (Cuba! and Mexico! to Brazil]. 51. S. plantagineus, L., Sw. Stem terete, thickish, knotted: sheaths with a deltoid point ; spitelet cylindrical, nearly as big as the stem below its slightly constrieted summit ; glumes many-ranked, cartilaginous-scarious within the membranaceous margin, striate, obo- . vate-roundish ; style 3-fid ; achenium pale, obovate, biconvex, longitudinally striate, half as long again as the subulate tubercle, slightly exceeded hy the bristles.—S/. ¢. 81. f. 8.— Limnochloa, Ns. L. articulata, Pl. Spruce. 4278. S. geniculatus, LZ. (er parte), Rotts. S. interstinctus, V. (Eleocharis, 2. Br.). Eleocharis mutata, Weigelt. Surin.! (non R. Br.). E. equisetoides, Zorr.—3'-2! high, big; spikelet pale, 9!"-2" long; bristles exceeded by the beak.—Has. Jamaica!, Pd., di, Wils., in water; S. Vincent!, Guéld.; (Louisiana! and Cuba! 1o Brazil !]. *eeE Stem triquetrous, knotless. 52. S. mutatus, L. Stem triquetrous, knotless: sheaths with a deltoid point ; spite- let cylindrical, bluntish, xearly as big as the stem below its slightly constricted summit ; glumes many-ranked, cartilaginous-scarious within the membranaceous margin, striate, del- toid-roundish, blunt ; style 3-fid ; achenium pale-brown, obovate, bicunvex, nearly smooth, twice as long as the conical-subulate tubercle, slightly exceeded by the bristles. —Eleocharis, R. Br. Limnochloa, Ns.—1'-2' high; spikelet pale, 9’"-18'" long; bristles,,reaching to the summit of the beak.—Has. Jamaica!, Pd., Wils., lagoons; Antigua!, Wullschl. ; [French islands !, Sieb. Mart. 10; Mexico to Uruguay !]. Sect. 2. Evscirpus.— Achenium naked, supported by bristles.—Spikelets cymose-panicled in our species. - 53. S. validus,_V. Stem terete, stout, aphyllous, produced beyond the umbelliform panicle; spikelets glomerate, ovate-oblong, brown; glumes ovate-roundish, mucronate, ciliate ; style 2-fid ; achenium pele, obovate, mucronate, flat-convex, smooth, shorter than the bristles —6'-10' high, about 10” thick below: one form quite leafless; achenium scarcely 1" long, half as large as in S. dacusétris, but broader than in S. Tabernemontani. —Has, Jamaica!, Pd., in salt marshes and lagoons; [United States !, Mexico]. Sect, 8. Frupristyiis, 7.—Achenium naked: no bristles. Style deciduous.—Most ‘ ~~~ Jeaves rosular, and spikelets cymose in our species. + Achenium 3-anyular ; style thickened at the buse (Trichelostylis, Lestib.). 54. S. autumnalis, Z. Annual, cexspitose, glabrous; stem compressed; eaves linear-acuminate, flat; cyme terminal, umbelliform, exceeding the involucre; spikelets brown, oblong (or ovate), pointed; glumes ovate, mucronate ; style 3-fid; achenium pale, obovate-roundish, 8-gonal, smooth.—Fimbristylis, R. 8. Trichelostylis mucronulata, Zorr. —2 high ; spikelets 3!’-1" long : rhachis foveolate—HaB. Jamaica !, Antigua !, Wudéschl. ; [United States! to Brazil !]. : 55. S. amentaceus, Gr. Pereunial, erect, glabrous; stem compressed; leaves linear, acute, flat; eyme terminal, compound-umbelliform, exceeding the involucre; spikelets brown, lanceolate-obloug, pointed ; glumes ovate-oblong, mucronate ; style 3-fid; achenium pale, obovate-roundish, 8-gonal, muricate.—Rudge, Guian. t. 19.—Cyperus, Rudg. _ Triche- lostylis Rudgeana, Ns.—1/~3' high , spikelets 8’ long: furrows of the rhachis winged.— Haz. Dominica !, Imr., 8. Vincent !, Guild, ; Trinidad |, Cr. ; [French islands ! to Brazil !]. ++ Achenium dorsally compressed ; style cylindrical. 56. S. obtusifolius, V. Perennial, erect, polished; stem compressed, naked above the densely rosulate leaves ; leaves rigid, linear, rounded at the top, concave ; eyme terminal, contracted or the primary rays expanded, usually longer than the short involucre; spikelets clustered, ovate, blunt; glumes brown, pale at the margin, ovate-oblong, blunt; style ‘/ 572 CYPERACEA, 8(-2)-fid; achenium brown, obovate, flat-convex, keeled on the back, nearly smooth or slightly rugose.—P. B. Fl. Owar. t. 81. f. 1.—Isolepis, P. B. Fimbristylis, Kth.— 6"-12" high ; leaves 2-4" long, 1”’-14" broad ; spikelets 14!" long; stamens 2.—Has. Antigua !, Wudlschi., on the sea-shore ; [Brazil; trop. Africa to the Cape]. ttt Achenium biconvez ; style flattish, ciliate, 2-fid (Bufimbristylis). 57. S. ferrugineus, Z. Perennial, rigid; stem subcompressed; Jeaves narrow, chan- nelled ; cyme terminal, umbelliform or compound; spikelets pedicellate, rusty, ovate~ conical; glumes roundish-ovate, mucronate, pubescent on the back; stamens 3; style 2-fid, / flat, ciliate; achenium pale, obovate, biconvex, smooth.—Sl. t. 77. f. 2.—Fimbristylis, V. —14!-2' high ; spikelets 4!"(-6"”) long.—Has. Jamaica!, Pd., on watercourses ; Autigua!, Waullschl., on the seashore; Trinidad!; [all tropical countries to Buenos Ayres and the Cape]. / 58. S. spadiceus, Z. Perennial, rigid; stem subcompressed-trigonal; Jeaves long, filiform, convolute-channelled ; cyme terminal, usually compound-umbelliform ; spikelets pedicellate, shining-blackish, subcylindrical or ovate, pointed ; glumes broadly ovate, mucro- nate, glabrous; stamens 3; style 2-fid, flat, ciliate; achenium brown, obovate, biconvex, densely striate —S1. t. 76. f. 2.—Fimbristylis, V—2’-8' high ; spikelets 6’'-8""(-8") long, —Has. Jamaica!, Pd., March, on rivers and the seashore; Antigua!, WudischZ. ; [United States ! to south Brazil !]. : ‘ 59. S. brizoides, Sm. Perennial, slender ; Zeaves linear, flat, scabrous-ciliate, exceeded by the compressed stem ; cyme terminal, umbelliform ; spikelets pedicellate, rusty-variegated, ovate-conical; glumes ovate, mucronate, glabrous; stamens 1(-2) ; style 2-fid, flat, ciliate ; achenium pale, obovate, biconvex, 6—S-costate on each side and transversely striate — F. laxa, 7. S. annuus, Pl. Carid.: Allione’s species has a roundish acheninm, and 3-2 stamens. 6-18" high ; spikelets 3!”"-2/ long —Has. Jamaica!, all coll., common in wet places; Antigua!, Wudischi., Dominica!, S. Vincent !, Gueld.; Trinidad !, Sied. Tr. 5, Cr., Sch., in savannahs ; [United States to Brazil !]. Sect. 4. Oncostyiis, Mart.—Achenium crowned with the persistent, thickish base of the style : no bristles —Habit of Fimbristylis. 60. S. capillaris, Z. Annual, cespitose; stems angular, setaceous ; /eaves rosulate, setaceous-filiform : sheath ciliate above or glabrescent ; cyme terminal, unequally umbelli- form ; spikelets brown, ovate-oblong or ovate, bluntish; glumes ovate, keeled, bluntish; stamens 1-2; style 3-fid; achentum pale, 3-gonal, obovate, transversely wrinkled : tuber- cle minute, mamillar.—Rudge, Guian, t. 22.—Isolepis, R. §. Fimbristylis, ds. Gr. S. te- nuifolius, Rudy. (Fimbristylis, Ns.).—About 6’-8" high, variable; spikelets 2!” long— Has. Antigua!, Wudlschl., Dominica!, Imr.; [all tropical countries to United States! and Transcaucasia]. ’ 61. S. juncoides, 7. Perennial, cxspitose ; stems slender, angular; Zeaves rosulate, setaceous-filiform: sheath loose, densely ciliate above: cyme terminal, contracted ; spike- lets clustered, brown, ovate-lanceolate, pointed; glumes ovate-lanceolate, mucronate; sta- mens 2: style 3-fid; achenium pale-brown, 3-gonal, obovate, xearly smooth : tubercle very minute.—Isolepis junciformis, A¢4.—1'-14! high, spikelets 14" long, often all clustered.— Has. Trinidad!, Locks. Cr., in savannahs ; [Cuba! to Brazil]. é 6. HEMICARPHA, Ns. Character of Scirpus, but a single scale in the axils of the fertile glumes below the flower. Achenium naked : style 2(-3)-fid, deciduous.—Low, cespitose annuals; stems capillary, with a short leaf at the base ; spikelets clustered (or single): cluster apparently lateral. ( 62. ER. subsquarrosa, Ns. Clusters of 3-2, ovate, many-flowered spikelets, ex- ceeded by the bract’ (the lower involucral leaf) ; glumes pale-brown, lanceolate with a spread- ing or recurved point; stamen 1; achenium oblong, subterete, bluntish, pale, exceeding the interior scale——Mart. Fl. Bras. 3, t. 4. f. 1.—Seirpus, Miihlend. Isolepis, Schrad.— 8"-6" high ; apikelets 2’”-1"" long.—Hab. Trinidad !, Cr. ; [Illinois ! to Brazil !]. CYPERACES. 573 7. FUIRENA, Rottd. Character of Scirpus, but 3 scales below the flower (rarely abortive).—Erect, leafy, angu- lar perennials: sheaths /igulate ; spikelets usually clustered ; glumes awned, or mucronate. 63. F. umbellata, Rotid. Stem usually glabrous; sheaths 5-angular, somewhat loosened ; clusters in terminal and axillary umbels: peduncles hispid; glumes awned, 3- nerved, greenish-brown ; achenium pale, 3-gonal, smooth, supported by 8 obovate scales and no bristles.— Rottd. Descr. t.19. f. 8.—2'-several feet high; leaves 8!"-4"" broad, flat; spikelets 2’”"-3" long.— Has. Jamaica], all coll.; Dominica!, Zmr. ; Trinidad !, Sied., Cr. ; fall tropical countries]. 8. DIPLASIA, Rich, Fertile glumes including 4 scales below the flower, lower empty. Stamens 8-6. Ache- nium corky, biconvex, dorsally compressed, mucronate.—Stem stout, angular, leafy ; leaves fiat, lanceolate-linear, serrulate-scabrous ; spikelets large, subcylindrical, acuminate, brown, 3-5-nate in a corymbiform, involucrate, terminal panicle. 64, D. karatifolia, Rich—Rudge, Guian. t. 24.—Leaves 2’-8' long, 1-14" broad ; involucre large; spikelets 1" long; style 2-fid, slender.—Has. Trinidad !, Pd., in woods ; (Guiana !, Brazil !]. 9. CLADIUM, P. Br. Spikelets few-1-flowered. Glumes devoid of included scales and bristles, lower empty. Style deciduous. Achenium corky, naked.—Erect perennials ; sheaths closed below ; spike- lets usually clustered. _ 65. ©. occidentale, Schrad. Stout; stem obtusely 3-gonal, half terete at the summit, glabrous, leafy; leaves long, linear-acuminate, concave, serrulate-scabrous; spikelets dark- brown, ovate-lanceolate, acuminate, 3-5-nate: clusters in an interrupted panicle ; stamens 2; style 8(-4)-fid; achenium ellipsoidal, with a bluutish point.—Schenus Cladium, Sw.— 8'-10' high ; spikelets 14!" long, shining —Has. Bahamas!; Jamaica!, Pd., in maritime bogs; [Cuba ! to Brazil]. 10. MACHARINA, 7. Spikelets few-flowered, compound : lowest special glume empty. Glumes devoid of in- cluded scales, provided with bristles below the flower. Stamens 3. Style 3-fid. Achenium 3-gonal, smooth, crowned with a conical beak.—An erect perennial; stem compressed ; leaves equitant, distichous, flat, devoid of asperities, except along the edges of the superior sheaths: lowest sheaths open, superior closed below; spikelets brown, in a racemiform panicle. : 66. M. restoides, 7. Schcenus, Sw.—3!/-5! high ; leaves rigid, 6-8" broad, lower 9/-8) long, superior distant, rapidly decrescent; spikelets 2" Tong : peduncles cymose, vari- able in length Has. Montserrat, Dominica |, Imr., S. Vincent !, Gudid., on the top of the mountains: [Cuba! to French islands !]. 11. RHYNCHOSPORA, F. Spikelets terete, or biconvex, few-flowered : lower glumes empty, uppermost usually with imperfect, or d flowers. Flowers usually supported by bristles. Style 2-fid-2-partite, or minutely 2-dentate. Achenium biconvex, crowned with a beak (the dilated base of the style).—Leafy, erect, mostly perennial sedges. Sect. 1, EurnnyNcnospora.—TMowers supported by bristles. Style 2-fid. Achenium separated from the beak by a broad, transverse joint. 67. R. cephalotes, 7. Stem stout, simple, 3-angular 3 leaves long, flat, scabrous at the margin; spikelets pale-brown, lanceolate, im @ dense, ovoid, terminal head : involucre long, deflexed ; glumes ovate, mucronate ; achenium obovate, transversely wrinkled, shorter than “‘ the conical-subulate beak, exceeded by the bristles. —Rotth, Deser. t. ae © 574 CYPERACEM. Rotth.—Several feet high, glaucous, glabrous ; leaves 4” broad; head 1” (-8") long, rarely ecompound.—Has. Trinidad!, Cr. ; [Panama!, Guiana!, Brazil]. “68. R. comata, Lk., Schlecht. Covered with short down, (or glabrescent) ; stem 8-angular ; leaves long, flat ; spikelets pale-brown, glabrous, ovate-conical, pedicellate in axillary, peduncled and terminal compound racemes or corymbs : bracts setaceous; glumes elliptical, awned-mucronate; achenium obovate, margined, smooth, brown-rusty, shorter than the conical-subulate, greenish beak, exceeded by the upwards scabrous bristles.—R. bromoided, K/h. R. sylvatica, Ns.—2'-4! high, glaucous ; leaves numerous, 3/5" broad ; spikelets 3” long, somewhat shining —Has, Trinidad !, Cr., Lockh., on roadsides ; [Panama], Guiana, Brazil). 69. R. gracilis, 7. Stem slender, obtusely 3-gonal; leaves narrow, flat, glabrous ; spikelets brown, ellipsoidal-conical, glomerate in axillary, peduncled, and terminal small cymes: bracts linear-setaceous; glumes ovate, or ovate-lanceolate, lower small; achenium elliptical-roundish, ¢ransversely wrinkled, pale-brown, lonyer than the short, conical, green- ish beak, usually little shorter than the upwards scabrous bristles.—Scheenus, Sw. (sec. V.). RB. glauca, V., Kis. R. filiformis, Sieb. Mart. 383 !—Habit of R. fusea, but higher, 2'-4! high; leaves 1!” broad; spikelets 2! long.—-Haz. Jamaica!, Pd., di., Wils., M‘Nab, in mountain-bogs; [Haiti! and Mexico to Brazil !]. Sect. 2. Hapiosty1is, Ns.—Flowers supported by bristles. Style minutely 2-dentate at the filiform summit, or subentire. * Spikelets in a single, terminal head. 70. R. barbata, ik. Stem slender, simple, angular; Jeaves narrow, keeled, pilose beneath and along the margin ; spikelets pale-rusty, ovate-lanceolate, in a globose, terminal head: involucre exceeding it; leaflets herbaceous, acuminate, ciliate ; glumes oblong-lanceo- late; achenium brown, smooth, elliptical, cymbiform by inflexed, marginal, pale wings: wings passing upwards into the flattish, membranaceous, subtruncate beak, which is-as broad as the achenium : bristles much longer than the achenium, pilose at the base.—Schcenus, 7. Haplostylis, Ns.—8"-12" high ; leaves 1!"—4!" broad; head 4!"-5!" diam.—Has. Trinidad |, Cr., in savannahs ; [Panama!, Guiana!, Brazil]. 71. R. globosa, FR. S. Stem rigid, simple, angular; Zeaves involute-filiform, rigid ; spikelets pale-rusty, ovate-lanceolate, in a hemispherical, terminal head: involucre exceeded by it: leaflets coriaceous, roundish, mucronate, or awned, rusty ; lower glumes ovate, su- perior oblong-lanceolate ; “achenium rusty, smooth, obovate: beak short, pale, conical :” bristles long, pilose to the sunmit.—Pres/, Relig. Henk. 1. ¢. 36.—Cephaloscheenus, Ns.— 2'-4! high, naked above the base; head 6!"-8'" diam—HaB. Trinidad!, Lockh., in moist savaunahs; [Mexico to Brazil!]. 72. KR. curvula, Gr. (x. sp.). Stem rigid, filiform, low, simple; Zcaves all cespitose, short, incurved, rigid, channelled-3-quetrous, linear-acuminate, bluntish at the top ; spikelets pale-greenish, dnear-acuminate, spreading, 5-8 in a single, terminal cluster: involucre obsolete, of minute scales ; lower glumes and involucre scales ovate, bluntish, superior glumes lanceolate-linear ; achenium (young) lanceolate-oblong, subtruncate: beak very short, conical, jointed at the base, narrower than the achenium: bristles long, unequal, densely pilose to the summit.—Allicd to the preceding, but stems only 5-6" high, several from the same dense tuft of leaves; leaves 14/1" long, nearly devoid of sheaths ; spikelets 3” long, acu- minate.— Has. Trinidad !, Lockh., in woods. ** Spikelets in umbellate, or fascicled, globose heads ; achenium jointed with the beak. 73. R. cyperoides, Mart. Stem slender, 8-gonal; leaves linear; heads globose, rusty-brown, unequally umbellate, the central sessile; spikelets ovate, acuminate; lower glumes ovate, superior ovate-lanceolate ; achenium rusty, obovate, smooth, jointed with the beak : beak pale, subulate-linear, much narrower than and about as long as the achenium, which is exceeded by the scabrous bristles,— Mart. Fl, Bras. 8.-t. 12.—Schcenus, Sw./ S. polycephalus, Pers. (Rhynchospora, Wydi., Ephippiorhynchium, Ns.) 8. triceps, V. R. aurea, Sieb. Mart. 8, Hphipphiorhynchium tenuirostre, Ns. /, a form with few heads.— 1-2! high; heads 4/”-6" diam.—Has. Jamaica!, Sw., Pd., Wullschl. ; Trinidad!, Lockh., Cr. ; [French islands ! and Mexico to Brazil !]. CYPERACEA. 575 *** Spikelets clustered, or fascicled, in a corymb or corymbose panicle; beak emurginate at the jointed base. . 74, R. stenorhyncha, Gr. (x. sp.) Stout; stem 8-gonal; leaves linear, scabrous at the margin and keel: spikelets rusty-brown, lanceolate-acuminate, clustered: clusters in large, erect, compound (or simple) corymbs, usually exceeded by the involucre ; lower glumes ovate, mucronate, superior obloug-lanceolate, acuminate; achenium rusty, elliptical-oblong, or spathulate-oblong, bluntish, transversely wrinkled : beak pale, filiform, tapering, abruptly ‘ dilated at its clasping-emarginate base, little longer than the achenium, which is exceeded by the scabrous bristles.— Habit of Cyperus longus, and distinguished from Calyptrostylis fascicularis, Ns., by the ripe achenium not “ obconical,” and deeply wrinkled. 8/-4! high; corymb slender, usually 4/-8", spikelets 3!"-4!" long : 8-5 in each cluster; hermaphrodite flowers single, superior g'; stamens 34 style exserted, minutely 2-dentate; achenium 14", beak 2” long —Has. Trinidad !, Pd., in wet savannahs. : 75. R. surinamensis, Ns. Stout; stem sharply 8-gonal; leaves long, broadly- linear, scabrous at the margin and keel; spikelets rusty-brown, elliptical-lanceolate, acumi- nate, clustered: clusters in diverging, corymbiform panicles, exceeded by the supporting leaf ; lower glumes ovate, superior ovate-lanceolate ; achenium rusty, obovate, transversely 1-2-grooved near the margin, as broad as the emarginate base of the beak: deak brownish, conical, nearly as long or longer than the achenium, with a longitudinal furrow at each side: bristles scabrous, longer than the achenium.—Rottd. Deser. ¢. 21. f. 1—Scheenus, Rotts., Sw. RB. aurea, V., R. Br.—2'-4! high; leaves 6!"-8" broad: spikelets 2!, ache« nium (without the beak), 1! long —Has. Jamaica (Sw.) ; Trinidad!, Cr.; [French islands !, Panama!, Guiana! ; tropical Asia (Sz.) and Australia (A. Br.)]. _ 16, R. florida, Dictr. Stout; stem angular; leaves linear; spikelets rusty-brown, lanceolate-actiminate, shortly racemose-fascicled, in diverging, simple or compound corymbs, usually nearly as long as the supporting leaf; lowest glume ovate, most lanceolate; achenium shining-ochraceous, obovate, obtusely margined, smooth, little broader than the subtruncate base of the beak: beak brownish, compressed-conical, nearly as long or longer than the achenium, devoid of longitudinal furrows : bristles scabrous, longer than the achenium.— Mart. Fl. Bras. 8. ¢. 18.—Calyptrostylis, Ns. Schcenus longirostris, Szed. Mart. 261. (R. aurea, var. Schlecht.\—2'-6' high; leaves variable in breadth and asperities, 6’”—2’” broad; spikelets 4’, achenium (without the beak) 1! long—Has. Jamaica!, Pd., March, on the summit of the Blue Mountains; Dominica!, Zmr. ; Trinidad !, Cr. ; [Cuba! to Vene- zuela! and Guiana]. Sect. 8. Nomocutoa, P. B. (Pleurostachys, Brongn.).—Flowers supported by denticulate bristles. Style 2-partite ; base thickened, Achenium contiguous with tts short beak.— Spikelets in terminal, and axillary, peduncled corymbs or panicles. . 7%. R. millegrana, Schrad. Stout; stem 3-quetrous, usually devoid of asperities (except the peduncles) ; leaves long, lanceolate-acumiuate, puberulous, or glabrate; panicles short, deltord : branches compound, inferior gradually more distant ; spikelets small, pale- brown, elliptical, blunt, shortly spicate; glumes ovate; achenium rusty, ovate-roundish, smooth, as long as the few (3-4) bristles: beak shortly compressed-conical— Nemochloa, Ns.—4! high : leaves 10-8" broad; panicles long-peduneled, 8”, spikelets 1 long.—HaB. Trinidad !, Cr. ; [Brazil]. Sect. 4. Mrrrospora, Ws.—Bristles below the flower none (or “ abortive”). Style mi- nutely 2-dentate at the filiform summit. 78. R. polyphylla, V. Stout, or slender 3 stem 3-gonal, leafy ; leaves linear ; pant- cles axillary, and terminal, diverging, short, deltoid ; spikelets straw-coloured, or pale-brown, lanceolate-acuminate, several-flowered, in short spiciform racemes; lower glumes ovate, superior lanceolate; achenium rusty-brown, ovate-roundish, longitudinally striate, and minutely tubercled, as broad at the truncate summit as the beak and jointed with it: beak compressed-conical, greet ish, one-third as long as the achenium : no bristles. —Schenns, V. Mitrospora, Ws. R. ferruginea, Sied. Mart. 9 !—2!-4! high ; leaves 2"—4 broad ; panicles numerous, 3-4", spikelets 2!” long.—Has. Jamaica, all coll., in the mountains ; Mont- serrat, Dominica !, Lmr. ; (Cuba! to Venezuela! and Peru]. 576 CYPERACEA, Sect. 5. Dicnromena, V.—No bristles below the flower, Style 2-fid. * Spikelets fascicled, or corymbose ; glumes convex, rarely keeled. 79. R. spermodon, Gr. Stem slender, filiform; leaves setaceous ; spikelets pale, or pale-brown, anceolate-acuminate, in terminal and axillary fascicles, exceeded by the sup- porting leaf ; lower glumes elliptical, awned-mucronate, superior lanceolate; achenium greenish-brown, roundish, transversely wrinkled-undulate, 2-dentate-emarginate, much longer and broader than the short, compressed-conical, blunt, blackish beak.—Rottb. Deser. t. 21. f. 2; Mart. Fl. Bras. 3. t. 8. f. 1.—Scheenus setaceus, Roti. (Spermodon, P. B., Dichromena, Kzh.)—Root fibrous, at length stoloniferous; stems 6"~12" high; spikelets 2/"-3"" long, geminately clustered, or single, often few in the shortly peduncled fascicle —Has. Jamaica, Wudlschl., in dry pastures: [Guiana!, Brazil]. 80. R. filiformis, V7. (sec. Kth.). Stem slender, rigid, filiform ; leaves setaceous ; spike- lets brown, or pale-brown, danceolate-linear, acuminate, in simple, terminal, and a few azil- lary corymbs ; lower glumes elliptical-oblong, awned-mucrenate, superior lanceolate-linear ; achenium brown, roundish, slightly scabrous-dotted, truncate, obsoletely 2-dentate, supported by a cuneate disk, mach longer and broader than the short, compressed-conical, blunt, blackish beak.—Dichromena, Ktk. Spermodon, Ns. /—8"-15" high; spikelets 5!-6!" long.—Has. Trinidad!, Lockd., in sandy savannahs ; [Brazil !). 81. R. cubensis, Gr. Stem filiform, flaccid; leaves setaceous, channelled; spikelets pale, or pale-brown, lanceolate-acuminate, in simple, terminal, and a few axillary corymbs ; tower glumes ovate, superior lanceolate ; achenium roundish, obsoletely wrinkled trans- versely, supported by a minute disk, much longer than and as broad at the summit as the short beak; beak greenish, compressed-conical, bluntish, emarginate at the base, shortly decurrent.—Dichromena, Pepp.: but the achenium is pale in our form.—Nearly allied to (and perhaps a form of) Holoschanus capillaris, Ns.\, (Dichromena, Kth.), in which the achenium is deeply wrinkled transversely. 1/—14! high; spikelets 2’ long —Has. Domi- nica!, Tar. ; [Cuba!, Lind, 2069]. — 82. R. micrantha, V., Pri. Annual; stem flaccid, filiform; leaves linear, flat ; spikelets pale, or pale-brown, ovate-roundish, in’ terminal and a few axillary, divaricate _ corymbs: pedicels filiform ; glumes few, ovate-lanceolate, bluntish ; achenium pale, or J brown, roundish, transversely wrinkled, margined, thrice as long and broader than the short beak: beak greenish, compressed-conical, pointed, shortly decurrent.—Dichromena, Kih. Rf. spaysa, Sieb. Mart, 2591 (Haloscheenus, Ns. !)—4"-8"(-12") high; leaves 1” broad; spikelets scarccly 1” diam.—Has. Jamaica!, Pd., along ditches; Antigua!, Wuiischl., Dominica!, Zmz., S. Vincent !, Guild. ; [Portorico | and Mexico to Venezuela! and Guiana]. 83. R. hirsuta, V. Pilose; stem slender, filiform; leaves narrowly linear, flattish, or convolute; spitelets rusty-brown, ovate-lanceolate, seveval-flowered, clustered in ter- minal, and a few axillary, spreading corymbs; glumes ovate, or ovate-oblong, pointed ; achenium pale, subglobose, densely reticulated-scrobiculate, broader than the short beak: beak brownish, compressed-conical, pointed, truncate at the not decurrent base.—Dichro- mena, Kth.—6"-10" high; leaves 4! broad; corymbs 1” diam.; spikelets 14!"-2!" long. —Has. Trinidad !, Cy., in savannahs, ** Spikelets in a terminal, exinvolucrate cluster ; glumes keeled. 84. R. pusilla, Gr. Low, ecwxspitose; leaves incurved, flattish, or convolute, ciliate, about as long as the filiform stem; cluster terminal, of a few, white, alternating, oblong- lanceolate spikelets : lateral ones as long as their bract ; glumes ovate-lanceolate ; echenium roundish, slightly wrinkled transversely, obtusely margined : beak brown, short, depressed- conical, bluntish, truncate at the base and as broad as the summit of the achenium.—Sw. Ie. Ind. Occ. t. 6.—Scheenus, Sw.: style wrongly described by Swartz as being 8-fid. Dichromena, Kth.—1"-3" high; spikelets approximate, 1” long; achenium yellow, or black—Hax. Jamaica!, Wis. M‘Nad, Wullschl., on wooded, rocky hills; [Cuba!, Guadeloupe 1]. " *** Spikelets in a terminal head, included within the often coloured base of the long involucre ; ylumes keeled. vf 85. R. stellata, Gr. Wholly glabrous ; xvhizoma creeping; stem angular; cluster CYPERACEM, 577 hemispherical : énvolucre not ciliate at the subulate, white base, 5-7(-3)-leaved ; spikelets. white, ovate-obloug, bluntish; achenium obovate-roundish, truncate, obtusely margined, delicately wrinkled transversely, ¢ice as long and as broad as the compressed-conical, pointed beak.—Sl. t. 78. f. 1.—Schoenus, Lam. Dichromena leucocephala, Mick.—1'-13! high; spikelets 2-3!" long; achenium pale-brown, (dark-brown, when young): beak greenish-brown, (pale, when young).—HaB. Jamaica!, Wudischi.; [United States!; Cuba! to French islands !]. 86. R. pura, Gr. Rhizoma creeping; stem glabrous; cluster ovate: involucre ciliate at the base, long, 6-5-leuved ; spikelets white, oblong-lanceolate; acuminate; achenium obovate-roundish, margined, transversely wrinkled, 83-4 ¢dmes as long and nearly as broad as the compressed-conical, pointed beak.—Dichromena, Ns—6"-12" high; involucre whitish at the base chiefly within; spikelets 3!” long; achenium yellowish: beak rusty- brown.— Has. Antigua!, Wudisch., 8. Vincent ; [Venezuela!, Guiana]. 87. R. Vahliana, Gr. Pilose with short down, (or stem glabrate) ; rhizoma “ creep- iug;” cluster ovate-roundish, spreading: involucre ciliate at the base, 7-5-leaved ; spikelets rufescent, ovate-lanceolate, pointed ; achenium obovate-roundish, obtusely margined, trans- versely wrinkled, ¢wice as long and nearly as broad as the compressed-conical, pointed beak. —Dichromena ciliata, 7.—1'-2! high, slender; involucre of the preceding; spikelets 3!” long; achenium rusty-variegated: beak blackish_— Haz, Jamaica!, 4/., Wils., common} Trinidad !, Cr. ; [Southern United States to Brazil !]. 88. R. Humboldtiana, Gr. Rhizoma fibrous; stem glabrous; cluster roundish, spreading: involucre ciliate at the base, 3—5-leaved, nearly green; spikelets white with reddish lines, ovate-oblong, bluntish ; achenium margined, coarsely wrinkled; as broad as the depressed, rounded beak.—Dichromena,.Ns. D. pubera, V.—}'-2' high; spikelets 2" long ; achenium rusty-greenish: flattish beak blackish—Has. Trinidad!, Sted. Zr. 3 ; [Mexico ! to Brazil! ; Galapagos !}. ; 89. R. Persooniana, Gr. Rhizoma “creeping; spreading: involucre ciliate, 5-6-leaved ; spikelets rufescent, ovate-lanceolate, pointed ; achenium obovate-roundish, obtusely margined, delicately wrinkled transversely, 4 times as long and nearly as broad as the compressed-conical, blunt beak.—Dichromena, Ns. Scheenus ciliatus, Mey. Esseg. /—1'-2' high ; involucre little coloured at the base ; spikelets 2-8" long; achenium yellowish, with approximate darker, flexuose streaks: beak blackish. —Has. Jamaica!, Wils.; [Cuba! and Mexico to Guiana !]. 90. R. setigera, Gr. Glabrous ; rhizoma fascicled, filamentose at the summit; stem subcylindrical, rigid ; leaves convolute, rigid ; cluster dense, globose, emerging from the re- curved, 8-leaved, not ciliate involucre ; spikelets white, shortly obloug-lanceolate, acumi- nate, few-flowered ; “ achenium obovate-roundish, transversely wrinkled, twice as long and as broad as the campressed-conical, bluntish beak.” —Dichromena, Kth, !—}'-1}! high - spikelets 14!" long.—Has. Trinidad!, Locth, ; [Brazil to Uruguay !}. a” Trise III. SCLERINEA—Flowers unisexual, imbricated. ‘Achenium often bony, supported by a disk. 12. SCLERIA, Berg. Spikelets Sand 9 usually mixed, or androgynous, $ 1(-2) flowered : lower glumes empty. Style 3-jid. Achenium bony, supported by a hardened disk.—Perennials ; stem 3-angular, leaved ; upper glumes ix 9 approximate around the disk, the latter usually 3-lobed. Sect. 1. Euscneria.— Dish cupular, usually at length double with opposite lobes—Leaves ligulate : ligule opposite to the blade. Spikelets paniculate, moncecious, (or partly andro- gynous) : uppermost g. * Panicle narrow, or virgate ; disk 3-lobed with the lobes entire, or truncate. 91. S. pratensis, Lind/. Leaves broadly linear : sheaths and branches of the narrow panicle narrowly 3-winged : ligule herbaceous, ovate-oblong, bluntish; 3 glumes 1-androus ; achenium depressed-globose, smooth, ename]-like-shining, with a napillform point: disk - broadly 3-lobed, interior adhering, exterior tardily separated.—Mart. £1. Bras. 3. t, 23.—S. ~S) ay SSN. Ton, ~N stem glabrous; cluster roundish, “ 578 CYPERACEA. communis, Kti.—2'-4/ high; leaves 6!'-4" broad; achenium 1” diam., white (or black), —Has, Jamaica!, Al.; Antigua!, Wudlschl. ; Trinidad!, Cr.; [Cuba! to Brazil !]. 92. S. melaleuca, Reichenb. Leaves linear: sheaths and branches of the narrow panicle narrowly 3-winged : ligule herbaceous, ovate-deltoid, bluntish ; J glumes 1-androus; achenium ovotd-ylobose, or globose, smooth, shining,maucronate with the truncate style-base : disk broadly 8-lobed, interior adhering, exterior tardily separated—8'-1! high; leaves 3-4!" broad; achenium 14'’-1! long, black, or white below a black summit.—Has. Jamaica !, Macf.; Trinidad !, Lockh., Cr.; [Panama!, Guiana !, Brazil !}. ‘ 93. S. microcarpa, Ws. Leaves linear-acuminate, or lanceolate-linear: sheaths nar- rowly 3-winged, with the wings tapering into keels below: ligule herbaceous, rigid, ovate, or ovate-lanceolate, blunt; panicle narrow: branches 3-quetrous; ¢ glumes 3-androus, su- perior shorter than the achenium ; achenium ovate-globose, smooth, shining, mucronate with the truncate style-base: exterior disk truncate, entire, exceeding the interior 3-lobed one: the former tardily separated —Ophryoscleria, Ns.—2/-4! high ; leaves 4!-8” broad; achenium 14" long, white (or black).—HaB. Jamaica!, Ad., Pd.; Antigua!, Nichols. [Cuba! and Mexico to Brazil!].. 94. S. mitis, Sw, Leaves lanceolate-linear, nearly devoid of asperities: sheaths 3- winged, with the wings tapering downwards: ligule herbaceous, rigid, bluntly deltoid ; pa- nicle long, virgate: branches 3-gonal; 3 glumes 3-androus; achenium globose, smooth, shining, with a minute, papilliform point: disk entire, truncate, ciliate, adhering, not se- parated from the interior, included 3-lobed one.—Ophryoscleria, Ns.—High, “ trailing ;” leaves 6””-8’” broad; achenium 1}"' diam., white Has. Jamaica !, Al. ; Dominica!, Jmr. ; (French islands! to Brazil]. ** Panicle short, spreading. 95. S. scindens, Ns. Stout; leaves long, linear: sheaths not winged, 3-keeled, with the keels very sharply retrorsely serrulate-scabrous: ligule herbaceous, marcescent, rounded; panicle short, spreading: branches 3-quetrous; glumes 8-androus; achenium globose, smooth, enamel-like-shining, with a papilliform point : interior disk 3-lobed, inserted into a short carpophore, recurved at the margin of the lobes, exterior repand.—A “ formidable sedge, cutting the skin like a knife” (Jmr.); leaves 4!"-5!" broad; achenium 13" diam., white (or bluish-black)—Has. Dominica !, Jimr., in woods ; [Cuba!, French islands]. 96. S. latifolia, Sw./ Stout; leaves oblong-lanceolate, or lanceolate: sheaths 3- winged, with the wings tapering towards the node: ligule herbaceous, bluntly deltoid ; panicle short, dense, spreading: branches 3-quetrous, scabrous; ¢ glumes 3(-2)-androus; achenium globose, smooth, enamel-like-shining, with a terminal scar: interior disk inciso- dentate and 3-lobed, exceeding the exterior, the latter patellar, repand-entire.—2'-6! high; achenium 1!"-14!" diam., white, bluish-variegated, or black, a, Leaves lanceolate, 1-14" broad; panicle pale; achenium rounded above.—S. arun- dinacea, Kth. (sec. Ns.) . Schizolepis latifolia, Ws. 8. trigonocarpa. Leaves oblong-lanceolate, 14-24" broad ; panicle-branches green: spikelets purplish-brown; acheninm with a very blunt summit and 8 (scarcely visible) angles above.—Mart. Fl. Bras. 8. t. 26.—Schizolepis trigonocarpa, Ws. y. sylvestris, Kth, Leaves 1"-2" broad ; panicle-branches and spikelets purple; ache- nium with a blunt summit, devoid: of angles——Schizolepis sylvestris, We. Scleria cyano- carpa, Ath. Has. Jamaica!, Sw. (a), in dry mountain-woods of the Western districts; Dominica |, Inr. (8, 7), 8. Vincent !, Guild. (y) ; Trinidad!, Lockh., Pd. (8, y), in woods and savan- nahs ; [French islands; Venezuela!, Guiana!, Brazil.]. 97. S. flagellum, Berg., Sw. (non Kth.) High, ¢railing ; leaves linear-acuminate : sheaths not winged, 3-gonal, retrorsely scabrous : ligule scarious-membranaceous, blunt ; panicles terminal, and axillary, short, lax : branches 3-quetrous, hairy; glumes 8-androus, superior 2 including the achenium; achexium globose, or ovate-globose, smooth, shining, with a terminal scar: disk short, subentire, exterior adhering, recurved at the tumid mar- gin, including the interior; the latter minute, entire.—SZ. 7. 77. Jil. Sw. Fl. t. 3.—S, re- flexa, Kih. (Mastigoscleria, Ns.). Carex lithosperma, L. (Scirpus, -L., ex syn. S/.).. Schoenus secans, Z.—10'—15! high, cutting ; leaves 2!'-3" broad; spikelets purplish-brown ; ache- CYPERACEA, 579 niam 1” diam., white (or variegated).—Ha. Jamaica!, Sw., Pd., in woods ; Trinidad |, Pd. ; Haiti to Brazil !), 98. S. bracteata, Cav. Leaves linear: sheaths not winged, 8-gonal, devoid of as- perities, but mostly pubescent: ligule herbaceous, bluntly deltoid; panicles terminal ¢, short, lax, axillary ones narrow, superior mixed of Sand ¢, inferior 9; ¢ glumes 3-androus; achenium globose, transversely rugose and hairy, mucronate with the style-base: disk at length double, exterior and interior broadly 3-lobed, the latter tardily separated —Mart. Fl. Bras. 3. ¢. 24; the interior disk still included and subentire-—Macrolomia, Vs.—Leaves 2"'_-5! broad; achenium white, 1” diam. or less.—Has. Trinidad !, Pd.; [Cubal and Mexico ! to Brazil! and Peru !]. - ‘Sect. 2. Hyroronum, Ns.—Disk minute, entire, patelliform.—Stem slender ; ligule short, . or none ; spikelets in spicate clusters, ¢, 9, or androgynous mixed. 99. S. hirtella, Sw. Leaves pilose, narrowly linear, superior short; spike simple : clusters 8-5, distant, Atrsute: bracts short; 3 glumes 2-androus; achenium globose, smooth, slightly mucronate, 3-gonal-3-furrowed at the base: furrows 4-5-porous along the a upper margin: disk flat, 3-gonal—Hypoporum, Ns. 8. distans, Poir., .Kth,—1'-8! high ; s spikelets 2” long; achenium 2!" diam., white—Has. Jamaica (Sv.); Trinidad !, Lockh., ‘Pd., Cr., common in moist savaunahs ; [Florida ! and Mexico! to Peru! and Brazil]. 7 100. S. filiformis, Sw. Leaves narrowly linear, keeled, glabrous: ligule’ bluntly deltoid ; spikes terminal (and axillary, peduncled) : clusters few, distant, glabrous : common bract long-setaceous; ¢ glumes l-androus; achenium globose, smooth, slightly mucronate, 8-furrowed at the base: furrows devoid of special pores: disk obtusely 3-gonal, brown at the tumid margin.—S. purpurea, Poir., Sieb. Tr. 14! Hypoporum purpurascens, Vs.— 1-2! high, usually flaccid ;. spikelets 3! long; achenium 1!” diam., white—Has. Jamaica !, Pd., M‘Nab, Wullschl., in arid mountains, Manchester, Westmoreland; Antigua!, Wullschi., Dominica !, Zmr.; Trinidad!, Sieb., Cr.; [Cuba!, Haiti]. 13. BECQUERELIA, Brongn. Character of SeZeria, but androgynous spikelets compound at the base, the lowest glumes producing special g spikelets, the middle empty, and the superior ones approximate around the single 9 flower. Disk adnate to the achenium, simple, entire——Leaves devoid of a ligule, lowest long, rosulate ; spikelets clustered: clusters iz terminal and azillary corymbs or spikes ; 3 glumes 1l-androus. ; A 101. B. cymosa, Brongn. Leaves broadly linear, keeled ; clusters in compound, di- verging corymbs : axillary corymbs exceeded by their leaves; glumes subulate, uppermost exceeding the tubercled, mucronate, depressed-glofose achenium.— Mart. Fl. Bras. 3. t. 27. —B. Merkeliana, Ws.—2'—-4! high; leaves 8!"-4!" broad; spikelets 2’ long; achenium white—Has. Trinidad !, Cr., in savannahs; [Guiana!, Brazil]. ‘14. PTEROSCLERIA, Ns. Spikelets androgynous, compound : partial inferior few, 3, superior 1-flowered, 9. Glumes sharply keeled on the back, larger ones recurved-mucronate, lower in 2 empty, 2 uppermost including the flower. Style 3-fid. Achenium bony, seceding from the repand disk.— Leaves devoid of a ligule ; spikelets clustered, in single terminal, and axillary heads. 7 Nees” generic character (as well as his description of the habit) corresponds exactly with our species: only what he calls geminate spikelets, is to be interpreted as the production of partial spikelets from the axils of glumes, as -is evident from the structure of our plant, and from the homologous organs in the allied genera Becquerelia and Calyptrocarya. Tam, however, not acquainted with the original P. guéanensis, Ns. (comprising probably Seleria capitata, W.), which would be distinguished by short leaves, the reduced number of spike- lets and glumes, and by a smooth achenium. . longifolia, Gr. (x. sp.). Stem erect, 8-quetrous; leaves long, linear, flat, suniate ; ho dure, hate tars distant, shortly peduneled, or ‘subsessile; 9 partial spikelets numerous ; achenium white, globose, slightly 3-keeled, and longitudinally 580 CYPERACEZ. costate with convex, distantly reticulated wrinkles.—Rhizoma fibrous, stoloniferous ; stem glabrous, 1/-4” high, exceeded by the leaves; leaves 14/-5” long, about 2/” broad, striate, keeled, glabrous, erect; heads greenish, 6’ diam., often hemispherical : involucre foliaceous, 8!_leaved, unequal, spreading; spikelets 3! long; glumes oblong-lanceolate, cymbiform with the winged keel excurrent into the spreading-recurved point: several and those of the partial f spikelets membranaceous, narrow, not keeled ; uppermost 2 convolute around the ovary.—Has. Trinidad!, Lockh. ; [Guiana!, in wet savannahs and woods: Kegel, 1116, 1117: Isolepis echinulata ?]. 15. CALYPTROCARYA, Ns. Spikelets androgynous, compound; partial inferior g, superior 1-flowered,?. Lower glumes empty, superior in 2 approximate around the flower and supporting besides 3 abor- tive partial spikelets, which are inserted below the disk. Style 2-fid. Achentwm chartaceous, with the scabrous epidermis seceding: disk flattish, 8-gonal.—Spikelets subglobose, most in acillary, unequal, and proliferous umbels. 103. C. angustifolia, Ns. Leaves narrowly linear, exceeding the stem ; umbels sub- sessile : pedicels flexuose ; achenium ovoid-globose, bluntly mucronate.—Stem glabrous; leaves 1” broad ; achenium 4" diam., at length white: the seceding epidermis pale-brown. —Has. Trinidad !, Lockh., Cr., in woods ; [Guiana, Equat. Brazil]. 16. LAGENOCARPUS, Ns. Spikelets moneecious, § compound, ? 1-flowered: lower glumes empty. Style 3(2-8)-fid. “Achenium coriaceous, devoid of a hardened disk, produced above its cavity into a corky, conical summit.—Perennials ; stem few-leaved, rigid ; most leaves rosulate ; spikelets pani- ulate; upper glumes in 9 approzimate around the 3-5-lobed, disappearing disk, g 1- androus. 104, L. tremulus, Ns. Leaves rigid, linear, channelled; spikelets of both sexes mixed, or 2 superior, clustered, or unequally fascicled along the half-whorled peduncles : half-whorls distant on the common axis; glumes brown, common ones awned, or mucro- nate; achenium brown, smooth, 3-striate below the middle, ellipsocdal-oblong : upper part hollow, as long as the fertile cavity, separated from it by a diaphragma: apex minutely truncate: 3-fid style deciduous.—2'—4’ high; leaves 3””—4!"" broad; panicle narrow; spike- lets 14/"-2!" long —Has. Trinidad !, Cr.; [Guiana !]. Trizse IV. CARICINEZ.—Flowers unisexual, imbricated. Achenium included within a tubular palea (the perigynium). 17. CAREX, L. Perigynium 2-keeled, contracted at the summit, persistent around the achenium, none in the ¢ flowers, § Spikelets androgynous, 3 above. Style 3-cleft. 105. ©. scabrella, Wahi. Czspitose, flaccid, glaucous; spikelets few, ovoid, lateral much exceeded by the foliaceous bract, uppermost 1-2, second sessile, inferior distant, pe- duncled; glumes lax, brown with a green midrib, subulate; perigyniz ellipsoidal, pointed with a short, 2-dentate beak, many-nerved, scabrous-pubescent, greenish, half as long again as the glume.—Wahlenberg’s incomplete description does not agree in the leaves said to be “very narrow.”—Less than 1’ high, exceeded by the flattish, 1!" broad leaves; spikelets about 3” long. —Has. Jamaica !, in mountains (Sw.); [Cuba!]. 106. ©. cladostachya, Wahl. Slender; spikelets-in distant, peduncled spikes: bracts foliaceous ; glumes lax, rusty, ovate, mucronate; “ perigynium cuneate-oblong, with a 2- denticulate beak; many-nerved, glabrows.”—My specimen (1! high, flaccid, leaves scarcely J" broad), being very young, is doubtful. “ Spikes of 7-17 spikelets.”—Hax. Jamaica |, in the Blue Mountains: .4/. (Sw.). C. polystachya, Wahl., is said to be distinguished from C. cladostachya by numerous, approximate spikelets and an erect stem : it was found in the same locality. LILIACES, 581 18, UNCINIA, Pers. Character of Carex, but with an awn-like pedicel between the perigynium and the pistil. Spikes simple, androgynous: 9 flowers inferior ; style 3-fid. 107. U. jamaicensis, Pers. Stem glabrous, about as long as the cespitose, flat leaves ; spike long-cylindrical, tapering at both ends; glumes elliptical, bluntish ; peri- gynium spathulate-lanceolate, flat-convex, puberulous and ciliate above, half as long as the glabrous, hamate, long-exserted awn.—Carex hamata, Sw.—l'-2 high ; spike 3-5" long, pale-green, or brown-variegated—Has. Jamaica!, Pd., in high mountains; (Mexico, Pa- nama |, Venezuela !, Ecuador !]. : CXXXVII. JUNCEA. Flowers apetalous. Calyx glumaceous : divisions 6. Stamens 6-8, perigynous. Ovary compound, 3~1-celled: stigmas 3, with collecting hairs. Capsule many--seeded. Embryo minute, in the summit of amylaceous albumen.—Habit of grasses, but flowers cymose. 1. JUNCUS, L. Calyx deeply 6-partite, 2-seriate. Capsule half-3-celled. or 8-celled, loculicide, many- seeded.—F lower 2-bracteolate. 1. J. tenuis, W. Perennial ; stem slender, filiform, leafy at the base; leaves inarticulate, ~ channelled, narrow ; cyme terminal, loose, supported by 2 (-1) involucral leaves ; flowers pale, single, distant, subsessile, mostly one-sided along its branches; sepals lanceolate, sharply acuminate, exceeding the ovoid, or ovoid-oblong, subtruncate capsule; stamens 6.—In our form (J. tenuis, var. unicornis, B. Mey., J. cognatus, Kth., J. parviflorus, Poir.?) the stem is 1}! high, the leaves are almost as long, filiform, and the involucral leaves, one of which is usually suppressed, scarcely longer than the cyme.—HaB. Jamaica!, Wils. ; [United States! to Uruguay ; Western Europe! ] is 7. CXXXVIII. LILIACEA. Perigone coloured, of 6 divisions. Stamens 6. Ovary compound. Capsule 3 (—-1)-celled. Embryo axile in fleshy albumen.—Leaves mostly parallel-nerved, often rosulate. An acrid principle is general, which has been found to contain sulphur in the Garlick, Onion, and allied cultivated species of A//iwm. From the milky sap of Aloe vulgaris (culti-. vated for that purpose in the West Indies) the drastic medicine, known as Aloes, is obtained. Agave and Fourcroya afford valuable fibre. ‘A spirit is obtained from the fermented juice of Agave. : Taipe I, dASPHODELEZ.— Ovary superior. 1. ALLIUM, Z. Perigone 6-partite, persistent. Stamens perigynous, often dilated at the base: anthers introrse. Style simple. Capsule loculicide: seeds black.4-Scape usually bulbous ; umbels terminal, supported by a spathe. Sect. 1. Nornoscorpum, Kth.—Style terminal. Ovary-cells several-ovulate. 1. A. striatum, Jacg. Leaves narrowly linear, rosulate at the base of the subterete, scape ; umbel loose, much exceeding the spathe; segments of the whitish perigone lanceo- late-oblong, bluntish, exceeding the simple stamens; ovary shorter than the style: cells 4— 8-ovulate.—Redout. Lil. 1. t.50. Bot. Repos. 2. t. 107.—Nothoscordum, Kth. N. stria- tellum, Kth. N. fragrans 8, Kth. A. gracile, Andr.—Scape Big! high ; leaves yy broad ; perigone 4!’-3"" long —Has. Jamaica!, Hartw., in the mountains of Port Royal ; - Barbadoes ; [United States! to Chile!]. ° : 582 LILIACEA, 2*, ALOE, L. . Perigone tubular, deciduous : limb 6-fid. Stamens hypogynous: anthers introrse. Style simple: stigma 3-lobed, or subentire. Capsule loculicide: seeds black.—-Succulent, often woody plants; flowers racemose. 2*, A. vulgaris, Zam. Stoloniferous, nearly stemless; leaves few, rosulate, fleshy, lanceolate-acuminate, glaucous, spinose-dentate; flowers yellow, nodding: perigone equal; stamens shortly exserted.— Desc, Fi. 2, ¢. 130.—A. barbadensis, Mz/7, A. perfoliata, var. vera, L.—Scape 2'-3! high, 14-2" thick at the base, often few-branched ; perigone 1” long, —Has. Naturalized and cultivated in Jamaica, Antigua!, Wudlsch7. ; S. Vincent !, Guild. ; Barbadoes, on dry hills; [said to be introduced from the Canary islands, or the Bermudas, (SZ), naturalized in the southern Mediterranean region !]. 8. YUCCA, LZ. Perigone 6-partite, persistent. Stamens perigynous, included: anthers introrse, erect. Stigmas 3, sessile. Capsule fleshy, tardily loculicide at the summit, many-seeded: seeds depressed, black.— Woody plants; leaves rosudate at the summit of the simple trunk ; icle terminal. 3. VW. aloifolia, Z. Stout; Zeaves lanceolate-acuminate, or lanceolate-linear, thickish, rigid, crenulate-scabrous at the margin, pungent at the summit, interior erect; perigone -lurid: segments erect, ovate, or ovate-oblong, pointed.—TZuss. F?. 2, t. 29.—10'-12! high ; Cleaves 13"-1" broad; perigone 14” long —Has. Jamaica!, AZ; Antigua!, Wudlschi. ; [Southern United States, Mexico]. Tripe Il. AMUARYLLIDEX.— Ovary inferior. 4, AGAVE, Z. Perigonial limb 6-partite, persistent: stamens inserted into its tube, exserted: anthers incumbent, introrse. Style simple. Capsule loculicide, many-seeded : seeds flattish, black. —leaves fleshy, rosulate at the base of' a stout, many-flowered, peduncle or scape ; lobes of the perigone narrow. : : ; 4, A. americana, L. Stemless; deaves thick, glaucous, linear-acuminate, spinose at the point and margin, exterior recurved; flowers greenish-yellow, densely clustered at the summit of the alternate branches of the scape; perigone constricted above the ovary.—20!— 36! high ; perigone 13-2" long.—Has. Jamaica, (P. Br.), common on barren, rocky bills ; . Antigua !, Wullschi. ; Dominica, Imr.; (Cuba, Mexico; naturalized in Southern Europe! and East Indies !]. - No other Agave occurs in our collections: A. antillarum, Desc. Fl. 4, t. 284. (“flowers orange-coloured, leaves 5” broad, pointed”) is to be compared with A. sodolifera, Salm.; said to be introduced from Jamaica and Haiti; 4. Keratto, Mill., (leaves 3" broad, green, suberect ”), introduced from S. Kitts, is doubtful. ; 5. FOURCROYA, ent. Character of Agave, but perigonial tube filiform, lobes elliptical, stamens included, filaments dilated below.— Woody plants ; leaves fleshy, rosulate at the summit of the simple trunk ; flowers racemose, simple-ternate along the branches of stout, terminal peduncles, often transformed into bulbillt. ; 5. F. cubensis, How. Leaves linear-lanceolate, coarsely spinose-dentate; bulbilli “ ellipsoidal.” —Jacg. Amer. Pict. t. 261. f. 25: the flower.—Agave, Jacg.—Trunk short, erect ; peduncle 20'-35! high; perigone whitish: limb about 1” long, as long as the tube— Has. Naturalized in Jamaica!, Pd. ; Tabago; [Cuba to Brazil]. 6. F. gigantea, Vent. Leaves linear-lanceolate, mucronate, quite entire; bulbilli ovate-lanceolate, acuminate.—Jacq, Ic. Rar, t. 879. uss. Fl. 2. t, 25, 26.—Agave fotida, L.—Tronk at length 3'-4', peduncle 25'-30' high; perigone greenish-white: limb about y LILIACE: 583 , little shorter than the tube.—Has. Antigua!, Wullschl.; (French islands! to 1" Jon, Brazil 6. PANCRATIUM, L. Perigonial tube long, slender, bearing a crown at its throat: limb 6-partite. Stamens inserted into the crown : filaments long: anthers incumbent. Style simple. Ozpsude locu- licide: seeds fleshy.—Leaves rosulate from a bulb ; scape terminated by a cluster of large flowers : perigonial lobes, narrow. 7. P. caribeeum, J. Leaves lanceolate-oblong, tapering at the base; flowers 12-6, sessile, white: tube of the perigone straight, filiform, shorter than the lobes: crown infun- dibular, half as long as the stamens, sinuate : its tecth produced into the filaments ; anthers attached below the middle—Commelyn, Hort. 2. t. 8%. Jacq. Amer. Pict. t. 102.—Hyme- nocallis, Herd. H. Sloanei, Rem. P. declinatum, Jacg. P. amenum, Salis. (Linn. Trans- act. 2. t.10). P. patens, Red.—Leaves 3!-4!" (2) broad; perigonial tube 2"-8", limb 3-4", crown about 1” long.—Has. Jamaica; S. Kitts, Antigua!, Wad/schl. ; Dominica !, Imr. ; [Guiana !]. 8. P. patens, Lindl. (non Red.). Leaves lanceolate-oblong, tapering at the base; flowers 4-6, sessile, white: tube of the perigone straightish, filiform, longer than (or as long as) the lobes: crown infundibular, longer than half the stamens, repand: its teeth pro- duced into the filaments ; anthers attached much below the middle.—Hymenocallis cayma- nensis, Herb.—Leaves 8" broad; perigonial tube 5/-8", limb 4"~3", crown 16!" long.— Has. Jamaica!, March. ; [Great Kayman]. 9, P. carolinianum, L. (ez Catesb.). Leaves linear, sessile; flowers 4-8 (-8), sessile, white: tude of the perigone straight, filiform, longer than the lobes: crown campanulate; as long as the stamens, 12-dentate: alternate teeth produced into the filaments ; anthers attached at the middle —Catesb. Carolin. App. t.5.—P. rotatum, Ker (Hymenocallis, Herb.).—Leaves 1" broad; perigonial tube 4-5", limb 3"'-4", crown 13-2" long.— Has. Jamaica !, March ; [United States to Mexico]. 7. CRINUM, ZL. Perigonial tube long, slender, naked : limb 6-partite. Stamens inserted into the throat of the perigone: filaments long: anthers incumbent. . Style simple. Capsule “ evalved: seeds fleshy.’—Leaves rosulate from a columnar or globose bulb ; scape terminated by a cluster of large flowers. ~ * Leaf-ribs parallel. 10. CG. erubescens, Ait., (Herb., non Jacq.). Leaves linear, with « bluntish point, scabrous at the margin: ribs parallel; flowers 4-12, sessile, whitish; perigonial tube straightish, filiform to the summit, about twice as long as the expanded limb: lobes nar- rowly linear ; stamens spreading.—Herb. Amar. t. 44. f. 12: the flower.—C. guianense, Reem. !—Leaves 1-14" broad; perigonial tube 6", lobes 4-3" long, the latter 3/4!" broad.—Has. Jamaica!, Dist., in ditches; [Guiana !]. 11. G. longiflorum, Herb. Leaves linear or oblong-linear, acuminate, slightly sca- brous at the margin: ribs parallel; flowers 6-12, sesside, whitish and purple-variegated ; perigonial tube cernuous, filiform, gradually dilated at the summit into the campanulate- infundibular limb, exceeding it in length: lobes oblong-lanceolate, mucronate-pointed stamens declined,-Bot. Reg. ¢. 803.—1 exclude the figure of Bot. Mag. ¢. 2336 (said to represent a hybrid from C. capense and erubescens), which has. pedicellate flowers. Leaves 1-2" broad ; perigonial tube 6-5", limb 4”-3" long : lobes connivent, at length spreading, 10” broad: their mucro of variable length, often 4” long.—Has. Jamaica!, March ; An- tigua!, Wullschl. ** Leaf-veins in curves from the midrib. 12. G. floridanum, Fraser (inedit.). Leaves oval, or oval-oblong, bluntish, tapering into the petiole, glabrous at the margin: lateral ribs curved ; flowers 4-3, pedicellate, white ; - mf 584 LILIACER. perigonial tube straightish, linear, Zittle longer than the expanded limb: lobes narrowly linear ; stamens spreading.—I adopt Fraser’s name on account of the resemblance of this species with C. bracteatum, W. (Jacq, Schonbr. 4. t.495; C. asiaticum, Red. Lil. 6. t. 348), to which Fraser’s plant was reduced by Ker. The lesser number of flowers, the narrow petiole, the bulb probably less columnar, and the American habitat speak for its peculiarity : if however it should not prove distinct, Willdenow’s name is to be adopted, as C. asiati- cum, L., rests chiefly upon the authority of Rumphins, and from the original figure (Herd. Amboin. 6. ¢. 69) its leaves appear to be oblong, with parallel ribs. Leaf-blade 9-10" long, 3"'-4" broad, petiole 5” long, 5” broad; pedicels as long as the ovaries; perigonial tube 4"~ 3" long, 2-3" diam., lobes 3" long, 2” broad—Has. Jamaica!, Wadlsch/. ; [an island near the coast of Florida; along the sea (Fras.)]. 13. C. giganteum, dndr. Leaves lanceolate-oblong, acuminate, tapering into the broad petiole, scabrous at the margin: lateral ribs slightly curved; flowers about 8-12, sessile, white; perigonial tube cernuous, linear, almost twice as long as the campanulate- infundibular limb : lobes oval-oblong, blunt with a minute point ; stamens declined.—Red. Lal. 4, t. 181.—C. petiolatum, Hers.—Leaves (the petiole included) 24-8! long: blade 4", petiole near the base 1” broad; perigonial tube 5”, limb 8" long, lobes 14!"-18" broad.— Has. Jamaica!, March ; [Brazil; Western trop. Africa to the Cape]. 8. AMARYLLIS, Z. Perigonial tube short: limb infundibular, often unequal, 6-partite. Stamens inserted into the tube of the perigone: filaments long: anthers incumbent. Style simple. Capsule usually loculicide: seeds black, compressed.—Leaves rosulate from a bulb ; flowers umbel- late-single, rarely clustered: spathe 2-valved, or tubular. Sect. 1. Hippeastrum, Herb.—Spathe 2-valved, 2-many-flowered. Perigone nodding. _ Stamens declined, 14. A. equestris, Ait. Leaves oblong-linear with a bluntish point, about as long as the 2(—4)-flowered scape ; perigone “‘cinnabar-coloured:” tube slender, hairy at the throat, gradually dilated into the spreading limb: /odes ovate-oblong, pointed, subequal ; stamens included; stigma blunt.—Bot. Mag. ¢. 305.—Hippeastrum, Herb. H. occidentale, Ram. A. Belladonna, Sw. (non L.), Mey, Esseg.!—Leaves 1" broad ; perigone 3"-5" (tube about 1”) long —Has. Jamaica!, Al, March; Antigua!, Wullschi.; Barbadoes; Trinidad ; [Portorico ! to Guiana !]. Sect. 2. Zepuyrantuss, LHerb.—Spathe tubular, 1-flowered. Perigone suberect, infun- dibular, subequal. Stigma 3-fid. 15, A. tubispatha, Ker. Leaves few, linear, channelled, about as long as the scape ; spathe 2-fid, half as long as the pedicel; perigone white, greenish at the base, as long as the pedicel: tube very short: segments obovate-oblong, subequal, twice as long as the three longer stamens ; anthers 3” long; style included, exceeding the stamens.— Bot. Afag. ¢. 1586. —Zephyranthes, Herb.—Leaves 3 broad; perigone 2"-14" long—Has. Jamaica; An- tigua!, Wulischi. ; [French islands !]. 16. A. carinata, Spreng. Leaves linear, channelled; spathe monophyllous, slit on one side, exceeding the included pedicel ; perigone rosy, much longer than the pedicel : tube reshort: segments obovate-oblong, pointed, subequal, exceeding the subequal stamens ; anthers 8" long; style included, shortly exceeding the stamens—Bot, Mag. t. 2594.—Zephyrau- thes, Herd.—Leaves 2!""-4" broad ; spathe 1-14", perigone 23"-3” long —Has, Jamaica |, March ; (Mexico to Brazil]. 9. HYPOXIS, LZ. Perigonial limb 6-partite, spreading, persistent. Stamens inserted into its base: anthers erect, introrse. Style simple. Capsule 3-celled, evalved, many-seeded. seeds black, sub- globose, laterally attached by a retinaculum-like funiculus.—Leaves grass-lite platted, rosu- late from a bulb ; flowers single, or fascicled, supported by bracts. ; ; _SMILACEA. 585 17. decumbens, L. (airy; bulb ovoid; /eaves linear, acuminate, 3-5-nerved, recurved-flaccid, longer than the decumbent, few(—1)-flowered scapes ; bracts linear, ex- ceeding the pedicel; perigonial tube wholly adnate: lobes ovate-lanceolate, pointed ; cap- sule. clavate-cylindrical, slightly curved.—WMart. Fl. Bras. 8. t. 7. f. 1.—Leaves 2!!-4!"" broad ; perigone yellow, externally greenish: limb 5'’-6"' diam.—Has, Jamaica!, Wils., Wullschi., ia savannahs ; Trinidad !, Cr. ; [Cuba! to Brazil !]. 18. EX. scorzonerifolia, Lam. Hairy; bulb oblong; Zeaves linear-lanceolate, acumi- nate at both ends, many-nerved, erect ; flowers axillary, sessile, single, exserted from the membranaceous, oblong-lanceolate bract ; perigonial tube filiform, long-produced beyond the ovary : lobes elliptical-lanceolate, bluntish ; “ capsule oblong.” —Dese. 1. 8. ¢. 393.—Leaves 2!"-5" broad ; perigone yellow within, externally pale-red: limb 8-12!" diam.—Has. Jamaica!, Wullschl, ; 8. Vincent ; [Haiti to Brazil !]. CXXXIX. SMILACEA. Character of Zidiacee, but pericarp mostly fleshy, albumen corneous, and embryo usually minute.—Lateral leaf-ribs curved, often reticulated ; perigone of 6-4 (-10) divisions, in- JSerior. The Sarsaparilla is the root of Smilax papyracea, the Jamaica China-root that of S. Bal- bisiana. 1. CALODRACON, Planch. Perigone campanulate, 6-fid, deciduous: stamens inserted into its throat, included. Fila- ments subulate, anthers 2-fid-incumbent. Ovary 3-celled, many-ovulate. Stigma 3-fid.— Trees; leaves rosulate at the summit of a simple trunk, striated by approximate lateral ribs proceeding from the midrib, petioled ; panicle terminal of compound racemes or spikes : pedicels jornted at the summit. 1, ©. Sieberi, Planch. Leaves lanceolate-oblong, mucronate; pedicels one-third as long as the bluish perigone, much exceeding the minute bracts.—Cordyline, Kth. Dracaena terminalis, Sied. (Cordyline, Pl. Kegel.) —Leaves.9"-15" long, 2"-3" broad, green with a violet tinge; pedicels 2", perigone 5!"-6"" long. —Haz. S. Kitts; Trinidad (Sied.); [French islands! to Guiana !, probably introduced from the Old World]. 2. SMILAX, LZ. Flowers dicecious. Perigone 6-phyllous, deciduous: stamens inserted into its base. Av: thers erect, recurved. Ovary 8-celled;: cells 1(-2)-ovulate: ovules pendulous, atropous. Style 8-partite. Seeds subglobose, not black.—Shrubby (rarely herbaceous) climbers, often prickly ; leaves palmatinerved, reticulated-veiny : tendrils in pairs from the petiole ; wm- bels peduncled, axillary. Sect. PHarmacosminax.—Anthers about as long or longer than the filaments Network of veins dense, mostly prominent on both sides of the leaf. * Flower-buds ovoid, or subglobose, 1" long, or less ; branches prickly. 2. S. papyracea, Poir. Branchlets angular: leaves membranaceous-chartaceous, ovate-oblong, oblong-lanceolate, (or cordate-ovate), acuminate with a bluntish point, veiny on both sides, glabrous: tendrils inserted below the middle of the petiole ; peduncles shorter than (or as long as) the petiole ; flower-buds ovoid; anthers oblong, as long as the filament ; berries red.—Plum. Ed. Burm. t. 83. Mart. Fl. Bras. 5. ¢. 1.—S. acuminata, W. S. officinalis, Kth. sec. Seem. S. globifera, Mey. Esseq.! S. Hostmanniana, Kth,—Leaves green, very variable, as in all the following species ; flowers “ greenish.” —Has. Trinidad !, Sch..; [Mexico to Guiana! and Equat. Brazil]. — 3. S. surinamensis, Mig./ Branchlets subcylindrical; Zeaves membranaceous-char- taceous, ovate-oblong, oblong-lauceolate (or cordate-ovate), bluntish-mucronate, veiny on both sides, glabrous : tendrils inserted at the middle of the petiole; peduncles shortly ex- 586 DIOSCORER. ceeding thé petiole ; flower-buds ellipsoidal; anthers oblong, longer than the filament.— Nearly allied to the preceding; “ flowers white.”—HaB. Trinidad !, Cr.; [Panama}, Guiana !]. 4, S. Balbisiana, Kth. Branchlets acute-angular ; leaves chartaceous, veiny on both sides, glabrous, mucronate, inferior subcordate-deltoid, superior oblong, or lanceolate- oblong: tendrils inserted below the middle of the petiole ; peduncles shorter than (or as long as) the petiole ; flower-buds ovoid; anthers oblong, as long as the filament ; derries black.—SI. t. 143. f.1. Plum. Ed. Burm. t. 85.—S. pseudochina e Jamaica, L., Berter, S. China, Lun. 8. cuspidata, Poir. ex Plum. (non ex Deser.). 8. celastroides, Ktk.—In- ferior leaves 3-4", superior 1” broad, most blunt; flowers greenish.—HaB. Jamaica!, all coll., common ; Dominica!, Zmr. 5. S. viscifolia, Por. Branchiets obtuse-angled, or subcylindrical ; leaves chartace- ous, veiny on both sides, glabrous, mucronate, most lanceolate-oblong, or lanceolate, inferior cordate-ovate : tendrils inserted below the middle of the petiole ; peduncles as long as the petiole ; flower-buds ovoid ; anthers oblong, about as long as the filament: berries black.— Branchlets destitute of sharp angles, at length cylindrical ; leaves often rusty, most 10!-3" broad, bluntish, lowest large, 4!" broad; flowers greenish. Has. Jamaica!, Dist., Mart. ; (Haiti 1]. : 6. S. subaculeata, Spreng. Branchlets angular ; /eaves membranaceous, ovate-oblong, mucronate, glabrous, veiny on both sides: tendrils inserted at the middle of the petiole ; “peduncles exceeding the petiole.”—Leaves 3-5-nerved, superior 8” long, 14!-.6"" broad, rounded at the base, acuminate, prickly beneath on the midrib in our sterile, doubtful speci- men, collected by Wud/scht.—Has. Jamaica (Berter.). : 7. S. havanensis, Jacq. Brauchlets angular; leaves rigid, leathery, roundish, or ob- long, usually blunt, or emarginate, mucronate, often prickly along the thickish margin, gla- brous, veiny on both sides (or beneath only): ¢endrils inserted at the middle of the petiole ; peduncles shorter than or as long as the petiole; flower-buds ovoid-globose; anthers oblong, as long as the filament ; berries purple—Jacq. Amer. Pict. t. 263. f. 85: a roundish leaf. S. dentata azd ilicifolia, K¢h. S. oblongata, Sw.?: the form with the leaf-ribs prominent only beneath, subimpressed above. S. coriacea, Spreng. ?: the same, unarmed.—Leaves usually 14-2" long, 26!" broad Has. Bahamas!, Swaizs.; [Cuba! and Haiti! ; Mexico to Brazil]. ** Flower-buds clavate, or oblong, 3'"-14" long. 8. S. domingensis, Schlecht. ! Unarmed, glabrous; branchlets subcylindrical ; Zeaves chartaceous, ovate, or ovate-oblong, cuspidate, veiny on both sides: tendrils inserted above the base of the petiole ; peduncles shorter than the petiole ; flower-buds ellipsoidal-oblong ; anthers oblong, about as long as the filament; berries black.— Plum. Ed. Burm, t. 82.—S. Schlechtendalii, Kth./ (S. Schicdeana, Kth.)—Leaves 3-4" long, 1"—2" broad, contracted at the complicated base, thickish at the margin: network divaricate; flower-buds 1}!/-2!" long; berries 4!” diam.—Has. Jamaica!, Al.; (Cuba!, Haiti; Mexico !]. 9. S. macrophylla, W. Slightly prickly (or unarmed), glabrous; branchlets subcy- lindrical, or angular; leaves chartaceous, most ovate, or ovate-oblong, bluntish, veiny on both sides, inferior cordate-ovate : ¢endrils inserted above the base of the petiole ; peduncles longer than the petiole ; flower-buds oblong-lanceolate ; anthers linear, longer than the fila- ment; berries black.— Plum. Ed. Burm. t. 84.—S. cuspidata, Poir. Pl. Carib.—Prickles small, often distant; leaves large, usually 6” long, 4" broad, rarely 14’-2" broad: network divaricate ; flower-buds 3!’ long ; berries 4! diam.—Has. Antigua!, Wudlschl. ; Dominica, Imr. ; Trinidad !, Cr.; [French islands !]. CXL. DIOSCOREA. Flowers wnisexual. Perigone of 6 divisions. Stamens 6-8. Ovary inferior: cells 2- ovulate: style 3-partite. Hmbryo minute, mostly in a central cavity of corneous albumen : cotyledon usually flattish.—Climbers ; leaves of Smilacee ; flowers small, in avillary spikes or racemes. DIOSCORER. 587 _ The Yams are the esculent tubers of several cultivated species of Dioscorea, said to be introduced formerly from Africa and Asia. 1. DIOSCOREA, LZ. Capsule 3-celled, dehiscent at the wing-shaped angles. Seeds flat, winged: cotyledon pa Stem twining, herbaceous from a tuberous root; flowers mostly diccious, usually greenish. Sect. 1. Ameuistemon.—Stamens 6, all fertile, or 3 destitute of anthers, inserted into the rotate perigone: anthers subylobose, about as long as the filament. > * and 2 flowers in simple spikes. 1. D. cayennensis, Zam. Stem cylindrical, or angular, usually prickly below ; leaves mostly opposite, cordate-roundish, or deltoid, glabrous, sparingly dotted with pellucid lines, Q-nerved with the exterior pair united at the base; spikes simple: 3 flowers distant: anthers 6; capsule leathery, elliptical-oblong: seeds winged at the base.—D. Berteroana Kth.—Tuber “ compressed-globose, small ;” leaves variable, about 3” diam, F a. 3 spikes single in the axils. B. rotundata, Poir. 6 spikes geminate or fascicled. Has. Jamaica!, March (8); [French islands! (a) ; Guiana, equat. Brazil]. 2*, D. bulbifera, Z. Stem subcylindrical, bulbilliferous ; leaves alternate, cordate- ovate, cuspidate, glabrous, devoid of pellucid dots or lines, 9-nerved with the exterior pair united; “spikes simple: ¢ flowers distant: anthers 6; capsule elliptical-oblong: seeds winged at the base.”—Wight, Ic. t. 878. Desc. Fl. 8. ¢. 585.,—Helmia, Kth.—Tuber: « globose ;” leaves 4-8" long, 3-24" broad.—Has. Naturalized in Antigua', Wudlschl. ; [eultivated, introduced from East Indies]. ** 3 flowers in whorled-compound, 2 in simple spikes. 3*, D. alata, Z. Stem 4-winged, (or angular) ; leaves opposite, cordate-oblong, or cordate-ovate with a spreading, basilar sinus, glabrous, devoid of pellucid lines, 7(-9)-nerved with the exterior pair united; ¢ spikes compound: special ones whorled-fascicled, short, flexuose: flowers distant: anthers 6; capsule leathery, elliptical: seeds surrounded by a wing,— Wight, Ic. t. 810. Dese. Ft. 8. ¢.537.—Tuber large. From the descriptions of former authors it is still doubtful whether there are not several species comprised under the following forms : . a, Stem 4-winged; “ tuber simple” (Si. p. 139, Rowd., Wight.) B. vulgaris, Mig. “Stem 4-gonal; tuber palmatifid.”—Tuss. Fl. 2. t. 28. ¥y. (?) altissima, Lam. “ Stem cylindrical (Sl. p. 140, W.); taber palmatifid” (SZ.) Plum. Ed. Barm. t. 117. f. 2. ; Has. Cultivated and naturalized in Jamaica, [Haiti!, Portorico !, and French islands !(a), said to be introduced]. : : #*% 3 flowers racemose, Q in compound spikes. 4*, D. triphylla, L., Jacg. Stem subcylindrical ; Zeaves opposite, or “alternate,” 3- foliolate : leaflets petiolulate, ovate, pointicted, glabrous, subcordate, or oblique at the base, S-nerved; g flowers in simple or simply branched racemes: “ 3 stamens fertile ;” 9 spikes simply branched; capsule chartaceous, elliptical: seeds “‘ winged at the base” (Jaeg.).— Jacq. Ic. Rar. t. 627.—Tuber “globose;” leaflets 8" long, 2" broad ; capsule 12!—]4) long, 10” broad.—Has. Naturalized in Jamaica !, March, [said to be introduced]. Sect. 2. Episremon.—Stamens 6, all fertile, inserted into the infundibular perigone : anthers adnate, much shorter than the filament.—Leaves alternate, 5*, D. trifida, Z. Stem angular, narrowly winged ; leaves 8-5-lobed beyond the middle, glabrous (or glabrate beneath), dotted with pellucid lines: meddle lobe 3-nerved, ovate-oblong, or oblong-lanceolate, acuminate, Jateral semicordate or 2-lobed at the hase ; & flowers in slender, simple racemes, Q in spikes: rhachis hairy.—Leaves ae diam., Q 588 DIOSCOREZ. long-petioled ; capsule still unknown.—Has, Jamaica!, Macf. ; [Portorico !, French islands !, Guiana !]. : 6. D. Kegeliana, Gr. Stem subcylindrical; Zeaves cordate-deltoid, cuspidate, gla- brous, membranaceous, 7-nerved with the exterior pair united, twice as long as the petiole; 3 flowers in filiform, simple, or slightly compound racemes: rhachis hairy; 9 flowers distantly glomerate in spikes ; capsule elliptical, chartaceous : seeds surrounded by a wing. —Leaves 2! diam.; capsule 10-12" long, 8!’-10" broad.—Has. Trinidad!, Cr. ; (Guiana !]. 7. D. pilosiuscula, Berter. Stem subcylindrical, striate; leaves subcordate-ovate (or subcordate-roundish), minutely pointleted, Aairy beneath, 7-11(-18)-nerved with the exterior nerves cohering, twice—thrice as long as the petiole; [ ¢ flowers fascicled in simple, filiform racemes: rhachis pubescent]; 2 flowers single, in long, filiform, hairy spikes; “capsule oblong: [seeds winged at the base”].—Helmia, Kth. The characters included in brackets, are taken from D. remotiflora, Kth. (Helmia Ehrenbergiana, Kth.), which is apparentiy a continental form, with roundish, more pubescent leaves, and the number of their nerves increased. Leaves 2"-3" loug; @ spikes peduncled, often geminate——Has, Jamaica!, Pd., M‘Nab.; (Haiti; the continental form ranges from Mexico to Panama!]. Sect. 3. LycHNostemon.—Stamens 8 fertile, 8 sterile, inserted into the rotate perigone : the fertile 2-fid at the summit, with distant anther-cells.—Leaves alternate, membra- naceous, 8. D. multiflora, Pr/. Glabrous; stem subcylindrical; /eaves cordate-deltoid, cus- pidate, glabrous, 9-11-nerved, with the exterior pair cohering and the veins in a loose net- work, dotted with minute, pellucid lines: basilar sinus open; ¢ spikes simply branched below, filiform: flowers distantly glomerate ; capsule roundish-oval, membranaceous-char- taceous: seeds surrounded by u wing—Plum. Ed. Burm. t. 117. f. 1.—D. altissima, Sted. Mart. (non Lam.). YD. Sieberi, Kth,—Leaves 3-5" diam. ; capsule 1" long, 10!’ broad.— Has. Jamaica !, all coll., common; 8. Vincent !, Guzld.; [Martinique ; Venezuela!]. Sect. 4, ALLacTostemon.—Character of Lychnostemon, but no sterile filaments, and anther-cells approximate. 9. D. lutea, Mey./ Glabrous; stem cylindrical ; Zeaves cordate-roundish, or cordate- deltoid, cuspidate, 9-7(-11)-nerved with the primary veins transverse, (rarely dotted with pellucid lines): basilar sinus open; spzkes simple, filiform: ¢ flowers distantly glomerate ; capsule oblong, membranaceous: seeds surrounded by a narrow wing above: wing obovate- roundish at the produced base.—Velt. Fl. Plum. 19%. t: 124.—D. heptaneura, Vell. D. sa- tiva, Gr. Diosc. Brasil. (erclus. Syn. Linn.). D. satina, L., comprises: 1°, D. Cliffortiana, Tam, (H. Cliff. t. 28), which is probably a form of D. vidlosa, L.; 2°, D. multifiora, Pri. (ex. syn. Plum. avd P. Br.); 3°, D. altissima, Lam. (ex. syn. Sl.); 4°, the East Indian species, figured by Rheed. 8.t. 51; and 5°, the contested plant, quoted from Rumph. 5. t. 180.—Leaves 3-6" diam. ; capsule 10" long, 5” broad: sceds (the wing included) 3/”- 4’" long: wing 14" diam. at the base, }!"-4" above—Haz. Antigua!, Wullschi. ; Trini- dad!, Cr.; (Cuba! to Brazil !]. 2. RAJANTA, L. Samara one-seeded by abortion: seed flat, wingless.—Habit of Dioscorea. 10. R. ovata, Sw./ Leaves ovate, shortly acuminate or pointleted, rounded-truncate or subcordate at the base, 5-7-zerved, long-petioled ; flowers pedicellate, ¢ ‘“ compound- racemose with minute branches;” samara oblong, obliquely rounded at the summit: wing much longer than the seed.—Leaves 2'-3" long; samara 12!-14"" long, about 4” broad above-—Has. Jamaica!, Pd., Manchester; [Haiti!]. 11. R. pleioneura, Gr. (x. sp.). Leaves cordate-roundish (or cordate-ovate), deltaid- pointed or cuspidate, 9-merved, twice as long as the petiole: dasilar sinus deep ; flowers pedicellate, g compound-racemose with minute branches; samara semiobovate-oblong,, bluntish, pointed at the incurved base; wing thrice as lona as the seed.—R. hastata, Kth.? HEMODORACES. 589 (non LJ). R. hastata, L. (Cuba) has smaller samare, and is distinguished by the subsessile, distantly glomerate, 3 flowers, and by the leaves.—5'—6' high, suffruticose ; leaves 5-2!" diam.; racemes often fascicled-geminate, usually exceeding the leaves; special g racemes 3-8-flowered, oa long, flexuose : pedicels hairy or glabrescent, as long as the perigone ; & perigone 3’ long, infundibular: segments oblong, bluntish; stamens 6, included, inserted into the perigone: anthers didymous, as long as the filaments ; ? flowers in simple racemes ; sawara 8" long, 3" broad above the semilunar seed, Hab. Dominica !, Imr., common in woods; [Cuba and Portorico, ex synon. Kth.). * CXLI. IRIDEA. . -Perigone coloured, of 8 exterior, and 3 interior divisions. Stamens 8, alternate to the inner perigoue: anthers extrorse. Ovary inferior, compound: cells many-ovulate. Peri- carp capsular, Embryo axile in fleshy albumen.—Leaves mostly equitant, distichous, pa- rallel-nerved. * 1. CIPURA, Adi. Limb of perigone 6-partite, interior segments usually smaller. Stamens distinct, inserted into the perigone, “alternate to the stigmas:” anthers erect. Style 3-partite-—Bulbous herbs ; most leaves rosulate ; spathe 2-leaved, compressed. 1. C. paludosa, dud/. Leaves linear-acuminate ; flowers few, glomerate, approximate to and much exceeded by the single, erect leaf of the stem.—Leaves 6'-12" long, all ex- ceeding the inflorescence ; flowers pale-blue, alternate: perigonial limb 6’’—8" long.—Has. Trinidad !, Lockh., Cr., common in savannahs ; [Venezuela!, Guiana!, Brazil !]. 2. ©. martinicensis, Kth. Leaves lanceolate-linear, acuminate; flowers few, glome- rate, scarcely exceeded by the leaves: spathe distant from the single short leaf of the stem. —Jacq. Amer. Pict, t. 10.—Iris, Z.—14/-2!' high; rosulate leaves as long as or shorter than the stem: stem-leaf 3-5” long; flowers yellow: perigonial limb 8"-10! Jong.— Has. Antigua!, Wudlschl., Dominica, Jmr., on grassy hills; [French islands! to New Granada]. 3. ©. plicata, Gr. Leaves lanceolate-acuminate; flowers in geminate, unequal fas- cicles: the fascicles approximate to and exceeded by the uppermost leaf ; perigonial divi- sions subequal.—Morea, Sw. Marica, Curt. Sisyrinchium latifolium, Ad¢.—2/-3' high ; rosulate leaves 1” broad, or narrower, nearly as long as the stem, uppermost 10-12", longer peduncle 2-3" long; flowers white—Haz. Jamaica!, Waters, in hilly pastures of the western districts (Sw.); Dominica !, Imr.; S. Vincent, Guild. CXLII. HAMODORACEA. Perigone. coloured, of 6 divisions. Stamens 6-8: anthers introrse. Ovary compound: style simple. Zméryo minute, in amylaceous albumen.—Herbs; leaves mostly equitant, parallel-nerved. 1, XIPHIDIUM, Awd. Perigone 6-leaved. Stamens 8, hypogynous, opposite to the interior leaflets of the peri- gone: anthers erect. Capsule 8-celled: cells many-seeded.—Stem leafy below ; raceme terminal, compound ; flowers white or biue, one-sided along its branches.’ 1. &. floribundum, Sw. Leaves oblong-lanceolate, or oblong, acuminate, often dis- tantly muricate at the edge, glabrous ; panicle pubescent ; perigonial leaflets oblong-lanceo- late, glabrescent.—Suw. Fi. t. 2. infer. analyt.—X. albidum, Lam. X. giganteum, Lindi. : a broad-leaved: form.—1/-2' high; leaves 1-2" broad; flowers 8-10 along the branches of the panicle: perigone 4” long.—-Has. Jamaica!, Pd, ; 8. Kitts, Dominica!, Jmr., 5. Vin- cent !, Guild. ; [Mexico to Brazil]. eA 590 - BROMELIACEZ. CXLIII. PONTEDERIACE®. Perigone coloured, of 6 divisions. Stamens 6-8, unequal, inserted into the perigone : anthers introrse. Ovary free: stylesimple. Hméryo axile in amylaceous albumen.—aquatic herbs ; leaves usually provided with a blade. 1. HETERANTHERA, 2. P. Perigone salver-shaped : lobes little unequal. Stamens 3: two upper filaments shorter. Capsule incompletely 3-celled, many-seeded.—Low, floating or creeping herbs; leaves rosu- late: petiole much longer than the blade (rarely the latter suppressed) ; spathe 1—few- flowered at the sheathing base of the petiole ; flowers fugacious. / 1. BH. reniformis, R. P. Leaves cordate-reniform; spathe 3-5-flowered; flowers white ; inferior anther larger—Leaves 9’”—12!" diam. ; lobes of the perigone 2! long.— las. Caribbean islands; [Guadeloupe! ; United States! to Buenos Ayres!]. ° ‘ ’ 2. HX. limosa, 7. Leaves ovate, or ovate-obloug, blunt, truncate or rounded at the base ; spathe 1-flowered ; flower blue; anthers subequal.—S/. ¢. 149. f. 1.—Pontederia, Sw, —Leaves 1-13" long ; lobes of the perigone 5/-6" long; filaments broader than in the preceding, the third little longer—Has. Jamaica!, Macf., Dist., March ; [United States ! to Venezuela]. 2, EICHHORNIA, Kth. Perigone infundibular : tube dehiscent at the middle, along the anterior claw : lobes un- equal, interior broader. Stamens 6: three inferior longer, incurved. Capsule 3-celled, many-seeded : seeds costate-—Large, aquatic herbs: leaves emerging ; inflorescence from a sheathing petiole, and supported by a spathe, panicled, or racemose ; flowers variegated ; bracts obsolete. 8. E. tricolor, Seus. Stem simple, one-leaved above Jeaves deeply cordate-deltoid, pointleted, exceeded by the panicle, lowest rosulate; spathe foliaceous, lanceolate-linear, a Kittle distant from the base of the petiole; flowers distant along the simple, spreading branches of the panicle, inferior pedicellate, superior subsessile ; perigone variegated-blue : lobes obovate and spathulate.— Mart. F/. Bras. 8. t. 11.—Pontederia paniculata, Spreng.— Stem-leaf 3"—5" diam., aa long as the petiole; sheath 1-14", panicle 5/8", flowers 8"— 10” long; capsule ovate-lanceolate—Hax. Jamaica!, Macf., Dist., Pd., March, in ditches, ‘Westmoreland ; (Brazil]. 4. KE. azurea, Ktk. Stem branched: /eaves roundish, (or oval), very blunt, contracted into the much longer, tapering petiole: spathe roundish, sheathing-complicate, a little dis- tant from the base of the petiole; flowers large, geminate, in a simple raceme, oue in the pair pedicellate, the other sessile; perigone pale-blue with a yellow blotch: interior lobes obovate-roundish, crenulate.—Schlechtend. Ic. in Haller, Abhandl. VI—Pontederia, Sw. T. Schlechtendal’s doubts on Swartz’s species are in contradiction with Seubert’s remarks on the Brazil Pontederia azurea, the correctness of which I have occasion to confirm by the comparison of Uruguay specimens, and of the quoted figure with the plant collected in’ Swart2’s locality. Stem stout, “floating ;” leaves variable, the larger 3’—4", perigone 2!" diam.—Has. Jamaica!, Pd., behind the ferry; Trinidad, Cr.; [Panama! and Guiana! to Uruguay ! and northern Buenos Ayres]. CXLIV. BROMELIACES. Calye of 8, corolla of as many divisions, Stamens 6. Ovary 3-celled. Embryo miuute, in the top of amylaceous albumen, or naked beyond its extremity.—Herbs, often epiphytical ; leaves rosulate, rigid, parallel-nerved, usually channelled. The Pine-apple, or Ananas, is the syncarpium of Ananassa: the eatable fruits of Bromelia and Midularium Karatas are called wild Ananas. Of several the fibre is used,'e.g. of Ni- dilarium Karatas and Bromelia Pinguin, BROMELIACER, S91 Tripe I, AVANASSEA).— Ovary inferior ; fruit baccate, or indehiscent. 1*, ANANASSA, Lindl. “ Petals distinct, 2-scaled within: scales tubular. Stamens epigynous: anthers erect. Stigmas straight.” Syncarpium formed of the spicate inflorescence, becoming fleshy, crowned by a tuft of leaves.—Spike supported by rosulate leaves. : 1*. A. sativa, Lindl. Leaves spiny-serrate; bracts ovate, pointed, about as long as, the flowers.— Red. Lil. 8.¢. 455. Dese. Fl. t. 86, 341.—Haz. Naturalized and cultivated in the West Indies, ¢.g. Jamaica, Antigua!, Wullschl., Trinidad; [South America]. 2. NIDULARIUM, Lemair. (Karatas, Plum.) Corolla tubular, naked within. Stamens inserted into the throat of the corolla-tube: anthers incumbent. Stigmas twisted. Berry succulent, many-seeded.—Flowers mostly in a sessile head, surrounded by the channelled bases of the leaves. : 2, N. Karatas, Lemair. Leaves large, acuminate, dentate, with distant, incurved spines ; head sessile, leafless; calyx-tube cylindrical, furfuraceous—woolly ; corolla as long, rosy: lobes oblong-lanceolate, half as long as the tube.—Jacg. Amer. Pict. t. 260. f. 24, x analyt. Jacq. H. Vindob. 1. ¢. 31, 82; 8. ¢.79—Bromelia, L.—Leaves 6'-8', calyx-tube 1”, corolla 14" long —Has. Jamaica; Antigua !, Wudischi.; [Cuba to Guiana !]. 3. BROMELIA, L., Lind?, (1827). (Agallostachys, Beer.) Petals distinct, naked‘ within. Stamens epigynous: anthers erect, sagittate. Stigmas straight, short. Berry succulent, many-seeded.—Stem Searing leaves ; flowers ix a compound, racemiform spike: inferior or al/ common bracts foliaceous. 3. B. Pinguin, Z. Leaves narrowly acuminate, dentate with stout, incurved spines, glaucous beneath; spike whitish-toraentose, partial ones 4~5-flowered; calyx slender: lobes lanceolate-linear, bluntish ; petals red, shortly exserted, spathulate-linear.—Tuss. Fi. 4. t. 22. —Rosulate leaves 5/6’, panicle 1’, flowers 2” long; berry ovoid.—Has. Jamaica!, Wils., Al., common in savaunabs and rocky hills, used for making fences; Antigua!, Vullschi., Barbadoes; [Cuba! to Guiana and New Granada]. : 4, CHEVALLIERA, Gaudich. \ Petals distinct : claw persistent, hard, dilated towards the base. Stamens 3, epigyuous, alternate with the petals, their filaments hard below, persistent: 3 inserted above the claw of the petals: anthers incumbent. Stigmas straight, connivent. Berry many-seeded.— Stem bearing usually foliaceous bracts ; leaves spiny-serrate ; towers in spikes ; bractlets and calyx-lobes awned. The determination of this genus rests upon Gaudichaud’s figures only, chiefly on C. ornata, (Atlas Bonite, t. 62): his fig. 12 shows exactly the peculiar structure of the early withering petals, the hard claws of which, having lost their lamina, together with the anthers, end with a cut appendage (the residue of the former). The ovules however are not beaked in our species, and its petals (showing tubular scales in Gaudichaud’s figures) are probably naked. Bromedia longifolia, Rudg. (non Lindl.) is, from its figure, perhaps another congener. 4, CG. lingulata, Gr. Leaves oblong, spiny-mucronate at the bluntish top, green; stem stout, terminated by .« compound spike: special spikes cylindrical, distant, subsessile or shortly peduncled, much exceeding the bract: flowers spreading, approximate, or somewhat distantly clustered; calyx rigid, exceeding the subulate bractlet: lobes obliquely obovate- roundish, connivent, longer than their black, terminal awn; petals “ whitish :” lamina shortly exserted.— Plum. Ed. Burm, t. 64. f. 1.: bad.—Bromelia, L. Hoplophytum, Beer. —Leaves 1}'-3! long, 2'—-4" broad ; inflorescence 6-18", special spikes 4-8", lanccolate-. 592 BROMELIACEE. linear bracts 2”-1", bractlets 4’"-3", calyx 6 long.—Has. Antigua!, Wiullschi. ; [Guade- loupe!; Guiana!, on trees]. 5, ACHMBEA, RB. P. (non Brongn.) (Hoplophytum, Beer.) Petals distinct, suberect, 2-scaled within, perigynous (rarely epigynous) with the alternate stamens: the opposite 3, epipetalous stamens distant from their base. Ax¢hers incumbent. Stigmas couvolute. Berry “ dry,” many-seeded.—Scape with sterile, coloured bracts below the inflorescence ; leaves spiny-serrate ; inflorescence mostly compound : bractlets persistent, awned or mucronate. I follow Mr. Martins and Sir W. Hooker in regarding Hoplophytum of Beer and C. Koch as congeners of A. paniculata, R. P., while Lamprococcus, Beer (4chmea, Brongn., e.g. A. fulgens, ¢.) is another genus, distinguished by the stamens all perigynous, the stig- mas erect, and the coloured, 3-dentate calyx devoid of a bractlet. If however Ruiz and Pavon’s genus (unknown to me but by their figure) should prove distinct too, the correct name of Hoplophytum would be Hohenbergia, Schult. (Acanthostachys having been sepa- rated froma it): even Pironneaua is an older name than Hoplophytum, and exactly the same geuus, which, though not described, has been fully explained by Gaudichaud’s excellent figures. Sect. 1. Prronneaua, Gaud.—Calyz-tube produced beyond the ovary, lobes awned. Pe- tals perigynous, connivent: scales much distant from their base, at the origin of the epipetalous stamens. Ovules beaked, hanying from the summit of the cell.—Inflores- cence terminal, branched : flowers in peduncled, imbricate spikes, heads or clusters, each enclosed by an awned, persistent bractlet : peduncles supported by bracts. 5, A. distans, Gr. (z. sp.) Leaves oblong, slightly enlarged at the entire base, spiny- mucronate at the rounded top, pale-green ; bracts lanceolate-acuminate ; peduncles distant, horizontally spreading, superior shorter; spikes ovoid-oblong, glabrous: bractlets broadly ovate, many-nerved, rigid, awned-cuspidate, as long as the calyx ; calyx-lobes oval-roundish, spiny-awned; petals shortly exserted, ‘‘ white,” 2-scaled above the middle of the claw: lamina elliptical.—Allied to 4. glomerata (P. Gaudich.), but bracts 4-1", lower peduncles often 4”, spikes 1-2" long. Scape slender, several feet high, glabrescent : internodes usually 1-2" long; leaves 14/-2' long, 2"-33" broad; flowers about 6’ long —Has. Jamaica!, Pd., on trees, near Dolphin’s peak ; [Cuba !]. Sect. 2. Honznpereta, Schult. (excl. H. strobilacea).—Calyzx-tube produced beyond the ovary: lobes awned. Petals perigynous, connivent: scales at their base distant from, the origin of the epipetalous stamens. Ovules necked, OF ShOFEy mucrondte—Iniiores. cence terminal, branched : flowers in sessile, or shortly peduncled spikes, heads, cymes or elusters: each supported by a persistent, awned or mucronate bractlet. 6. A. aquilega, Gr. Leaves oblong, subequal at the base, acuminate, pale-green ; bracts long, oblong-lanceclate ; heads spicate-racemose, large, hemispherical, glabrous, superior contiguous, subsessile, inferior gradually more distant, about as long as their compressed pe- duncle : bractlets broadly ovate, keeled, mucronate, equalling the flower; calyx-lobes ovate- lanceolate, shortly awned; petals spathulate, shortly exserted, “ yellow."—Reichend. Evot. t, 239, 240. Bromelia, Satish. sec. C. Kch. B. paniculigera, Reichenb. (non Sw.). B. capituligera, Retchend. Hoplophytum paniculatum, Beer. H. bracteatum, C. Kh. (exelus. syn. Sw.).—Scape stout, 2'-2' high; leaves 3’ long, 2" broad; inferior bracts 6”, raceme 6"-8" long; heads 1" diam.—Hax. Jamaica (Sadisb.) ; [Venezuela!, Guiana!, on trees]. 7. &. bracteata, Gr. Leaves oblong, subequal at the base, mucronate, pale-green be- neath; bracts oblong-lanceolate, as long as the partial spikes, but reduced and subulate in the upper part of the rhachis; spite compound, broad, at first nodding : partial spikes con- tiguous, numerous, subequal, spreading, subsessile, vidZous: bractlets ovate-oblong, convex on thé back, many-ribbed, mucronate, exceeded by the flower; calyx-lobes ovate, shortly awned ; petals spathulate, shortly exserted, “ blue.’—Bromelia, Sw. : I exclude Hanston’s doubtful figure, which represents a Mexican species with distant lower spikelets. Hoplo- phytum polystachyum, Beer ?—Scape stout, 2!-3! high ; leaves 3'-14! long, 2-14" broad ; BROMELIACES, 593 spike 6-14”, inferior bracts and partial spikes 4-3” long; bractlets at length spreadin 4", flowers 8-6" long —HaB, Titnsioat (Sw.); 8. Vinoent | Guild, ; Trinidad | Cr. ee Matura Beach. at 8. A. paniculigera, Gr. Leaves oblong, abruptly enlarged at the base, green ; bracts oblong-lanceolate, much longer than the cymes, reduced between them; panicle long, race- miform, downy, or glabrescent : cymes or scorpioid spikes numerous, sessile along the rhachis, all conform, or the uppermost reduced to single, sessile flowers: lowers in each cyme dis- tant from each other, lateral, sessile: bractlets small, subulate, awned, much shorter than the calyx-tube 3 calyx-lobes ovate, terminated by a short, recurved awn; petals spathulate, exserted, “ purple.” —Bot. Mag. ¢.3304. Bromelia, Sw. (ex descr., non Sw. herbar.). Bill- bergia purpureorosea, Hook. (Hoplophytum, Beer).—Svape several feet high; leaves 2'—3! long, 23-3" broad at the middle, 4!'-6" at the base; raceme 1'-2! long, 2-8" broad: in- ferior scarlet bracts 4-6", cyme-internodes 4!’-8", calyx 5!'-8" long.—Has. Jamaica !, Pd., on rocks and trees, S. Elizabeth ; [Venezuela !]. . Sect. 3. HapLacumna.—Calyz-tube produced beyond the ovary : lobes mucronate. Petals perigynous, connivent : scales fimbriate, distant from their base, at the origin of the epipetalous stamens, but below the middle of their claw.—Spike terminal, simple: bractlets small, subulate, awned. 9. A. nudicaulis, Gr. Leaves oblong, subequal at the entire base, mucronate, dull- green beneath; bracts oblong-lanceolate, acuminate, all distant from the spike; spike simple, often lax, nodding, downy : flowers single, distant (or clustered): bractlet much shorter than the calyx-tube; calyx-lobes oblong, blunt, mucronate ; petals spatholate, exserted, yellow.— Plum. Ed. Burm. t. 62.—Bromelia, Z. Billbergia, Lindi. Hoplophytum, C. Kch. _ Billb. lutea, Schult. (Bromelia, Mey. Esseg.!). Billb. pyramidata, Beer—Leaves 14-2! long, 13-3" broad ; scape 14’-2/, rosy bracts 3-2", flowers 8" long.—Has. Trinidad ! (Seh.) ; (Cuba !, on rocks and trees; Guiana!, Brazil]. . 6. MACROCHORDIUM, Vries. Petals distinct, suberect, bearing 2 cut scales at the middle within, epigynous with the alternate stamens: the opposite 3, epipetalous stamens inserted between the scales. Anthers erect, slightly cohering. Stigmas straight, short. Berry dry, many-seeded.—Scape with sterile bracts below the dense, simple spike ; leaves spiny-serrate ; flowers supported by a clasping, woolly, awned bractlet ; calyx-lobes fleshy, blunt ; corolla exserted, becoming black. 10. M. melananthum, Beex. Leaves oblong, rounded at the top, erect, green ; spike short, oblong-cylindrical, blunt; petals purple-black, spathulate, blunt.— Bot. Reg. t. 766.— Bromelia, Lindi. Billbergia clavata, Lindl.—-Leaves 14!-2' long, 14"-23" broad: spines blackish ; scape about 2', spike 14/-2", flowers 6'’-8’” long —Hak. Trinidad !; [Guiana !, at the base of trees]. Tribe Il. 2ILLANDSIEA.— Ovary superior, or half-inferior ; fruit capsular. , 7. BROCCHINIA, Schult. Petals distinct at the naked base, cohering at the middle with the monadelphous, hemi- epigynous stamens. “‘ Capsule half-inferior, introrsely dehiscent at the free summit : seeds attached at the middle, with a naked appendage at both ends.”—Stem stout, leaved at the base, divided into a large, spreading panicle; leaves entire, riyid, denoid of scaly down, somewhat pungent at the pointed summit ; petals little exserted. ll. B. Plumierii, Gr. Leaves oblong-lanceolate, acuminate, equal at the base: branches of the panicle spiciform, nodding: flowers thrice as long as their internodes ; calyx- lobes lanceolate-acumiuate, half as long again as the bractlet, very little exceeded by the spathulate-linear petals.—Bromelia paniculigera, St. herbar. (non Fl. Ind. Oce.). Tillandsia paniculata, D. 7: habit of Plum. ld. Burm. t. 237, but too badly figured, to be quoted with certainty.—Several feet high ; lower leaves 1! long, 14-1" broad, convolute at the pungent 594 BROMELIACER. summit, pale-green, the other abruptly decresceut; panicle 1}! long: branches about 1” distant from each other, 4-3" long, branched again at the base; flowers somewhat deflexed, pluriserial; bractlets lanceolate, a little powdery by distant scales, 6” long ; calyx 8!”’-10" long: tube short; stamens included :- anthers oblong, erect; stigmas convolute.—Has. S. Kitts !, Sw. ; Dominica!, Zmr.; [Haiti: ea syn. L.]. 8. PITCAIRNTA, L’Hér. Petals distinct, usually with a single scale at the base within. Stamens half-epigynous ; anthers erect, sagittate. Stigmas convolute. Capsule 8-coccous: cocci dehiscent within; seeds 00, fusiform with a short, naked appendage at both ends.—Stem Jeaved at the base ; leaves long-tapering at the summit, exterior less developed ; inflorescence terminal, race- mose, or spicate, 12. P. bracteata, dit. Leaves linear-acuminate, entire (except at the base), furfura- ceous beneath; raceme dense, spiciform, downy ; calyx much longer than the pedicels, about as long as the large bracts, half as long as the ringent, lurid-red (or yellow) corolla; petal-scale basilar, reniform-emarginate, entire; anthers much shorter than the filaments.— Redant. Lil. t. 74; Bot. Mag. t, 2813.—P. latifolia, Red. (non Ait.). P. sulfurea, Andr.. the yellow-flowered form.— Leaves 10/’-18" broad; corolla about 20’, anthers 4!”—-5" Jong. —Has. S. Vincent !, Guéld. ; [Guadeloupe !, Mexico !]. 18. P. bromelifolia, Z’Hér. Leaves linear-acuminate, furfuraceous beneath ; raceme faz, glabrescent; bracts as long as or shorter than the pedicel ; calyx about as long as the pedicel, 4(-4) as long as the rosy, ringent corolla; petal-scale basilar, reniform, entire ; an- thers half as long as the filament; appendage of the seed acuminate.—Z’ Hér. Seré. t. 11.— Very variable, and the origin of several garden-species ; 2'-3! high; flowers 20"-24", pe. dicels -/"-10’", anthers 6!"-8"" long. _o. Leaves spiny-denticulate, about 6’ broad; inferior bracts about as long as the pedicel. B. platyphylla, Schrad. Leaves entire, except at the base, 6!-8"" broad; most bracts shorter than the pedicel ; corolla thrice as long as the calyx.— Bot. Reposit. ¢. 322. y. graminifolia, Leaves entire, 4 broad; bracts much shorter than the pedicel; corolla twice as long as the calyx. Has. Jamaica!, 4/7., Pd., Bancr. (a), Lane (y), on banks and rocks; [Cuba! (8) to Ve. nezuela !]. 14. P. angustifolia, Az, Leaves linear-acuminate, spiny-denticulute, furfuraceous beneath; raceme lax, often branched below: bracts short, about as long as the pedicel ; calyx longer than the pedicel, 4(-4) as long as the red, ringent corolla; petal-scale distant from its base, dentate ; {appendage of the seed truncate ].— Redout. Lil. ¢.76.—P. Redoutiana, Schalt.—Leaves 4!"-12'" broad ; corolla about 20! long ; the character of the seed, having been taken from a scarlet-coloured, narrow-leaved Guiana specimen, is to be confirmed.— Has. Antigua!, Waudlsch/., Dominica! ; [S. Croix; Guiana!, on trees]. 9. TILLANDSIA, JZ. (erelus. spec.) Petals distinct. Stamens hypogynous, or nearly so, distinct. Style filiform: stigmas 8, contiguous, or spreading. Capsule septicide: valves at length flattish, endocarp often loosened : seeds 00, rarely few, fusiform: funiculi long, erect, usually dissolved into hairs (the pappus) : pappus spreading from their base. Eméryo free below the albumen—Leaves entire ; flowers in spikes, rarely solitary, supported by a bractlet ; sepals nearly distinct, or 2 of them united. No generic characters are to be obtained from the adhesion of the ovary-base (appearing in 7. fleauosa as well, as it has been stated to be in the original Vriesea-species), the corolla- scales, the direction and the torsion of flower-parts: natural sections however result from the inflorescence, the leaves, their covering, and less so from structural characters, not yet verified in all species. ‘The stigmas nced still to be compared in life. I retain such generi¢ distinctions as are based upon cohesion of parts, but even these are less satisfactory, while the primary division of Ti//andsiew depends upon.the dehiscence of the capsule, peculiar in the best genera, and upon the structure of the seed. The pappus presents no sectional cha- racters: all our species are provided with a pappus, except 7! pu/chella, but I observed a ' BROMELIACEA; 595 filiform, not dissolved funiculus in two continental species of P/atystachys, in a new section (Conostachys), and in two Anoplophyta. : Sect. 1. Puarysracuys, C. Kch.—Spike distichous. Petals naked within, convolute below, erect, or spreading at the summit. Filaments spirally twisted above: anthers incum- bent.—Stem leaved below, bracteate above, central ; eaves lepidote, rarely green, nar- rowly acuminate, often subulate at the base, * Flowers and capsules approximate. ~ 15. 'T. setacea, Sw./ (won Hook.). Leaves convolute-filiform, little or gradually di- lated at the base, suberect, as long as or exceeding the stem ; spite compressed, simple or with a few short, appressed branches at the base: bractlets imbricate-distichous, lepidote, ovate-oblong, pointed, as long as the calyx; sepals 3, half as long as the corolla; petals “blue,” spathulate, spreading at the summit; anthers oblong, blunt; stigma-lobes spread- ing, blunt ; capsule twice as long as the bractlet.—SZ. #122. f.1. Plum. Ed. Burm. t. 238. f. 2.—T. tenuifolia, D. (exclus. syn. Jacg.) Diaphoranthema versicolor, Beer.— 8"-13' high ; spike 2’-8", its branches 1", corolla 1” long—Has. Jamaica!, Sw., Pd., M‘Nb., Wullschl., on trees; Trinidad !, Sch. ; [Cuba! to Venezuela !], 16. T. compressa, Berter. leaves lanceolate-linear, subulate at the base, rigidly erect, convolute, little shorter thav the stem; spike flat-compressed, large, simple: bract- lets little lemidote, broadly ovate, point/leted with a short, incurved-erect point, imbricate- distichous, exceeding the calyx; sepals about half as long as the corolla, 2 united 10 4; pe- tals ‘‘white, bluish above,” erect, convolute, linear; anthers acuminate, half-exserted; stigmas clavate, convolute—Bot. Mag. t. 8275.—T. setacea, Mook. (non Sw.).—1'-14! high ; spike 6” long, 2" broad: bractlets “ yellowish with a red margin,” 14”, corolla 23" long —Hasz. Jamaica!, Pd., Wullschl. ; 8. Anns, on trees. - 1%. 'T. fasciculata, Sw. Leaves linear-acuminate, subulate at the base, spreading or recurved, couvolute, about as long as the stem; spike compound, compressed: branches 3-8, approximate, nearly as large as the central spike, sessile: bractlets imbricate-disti- chous, ovate-oblong or ovate, pointed, as long as the calyx ; sepals half as long as the corolla, 2 united to $; petals blue, erect, convolute, linear, pointed ; anthers blunt, exserted; stig- mas convolute; capstile twice as long as the bractlet.— Catesd. Carol. 2. ¢. 89.—T. havanensis, Jacq. (Amer. Pict. t. 94): a searcely doubtful synonym, but the leaves are narrower at the base, the capsules longer-exserted. T. polystachya, Jacg. (non L., Sw:). Platystachys digitata, Beer—1'-2' high; spikes 2-6" long: bractlets red, variable in size, 6!-12!" long.—Has. Bahamas !, Swains.; Jamaica!, Pd., on trees and rocks along the sea; Domi- nica!, Jmr., S. Vincent !, Guild. ; [Cuba! to French islands !]. ** Flowers approximate ; internodes elongating between the bracts in fruit. 18. T. angustifolia, S./ Leaves linear from a subulate base, convolute, curved, about as long as, or longer than the stem, lepidote ; spite compound : lateral spikes shorter than the central: bractlets imbricate-distichous, oblong-lanceolate, poiuted, litéle exceeding the calyx, in fruit thrice as long as their internodes; sepa/s half as long as the corolla: 2 united to the middle : \obes blunt ; petals erect ; capsule little longer than the bractlet.— 1-2! high ; central spike 4”, lateral 13-2" loug, (variable in number and size of bracts) ; bractlets glabrous, 8’, calyx 6’, capsule 10/”-12" long.— Han. Jamaica !, Sw., on trees ; [Cuba ! to Venezuela !]. : 19. T. canescens, Sw./ Leaves linear from a subulate base, convolute, suberect, or spreading, about as long as the stem, lepidote ; spike compound, (or simple) : lateral spikes few, approximate, about as long as the central: dractlets imbricate-distichous, oblong-lan- ceolate, pointed, equalling the calyx, in fruit 4 times as long as their internodes ; sepals half as long as the corolla, bluntish, 2/2 3 distinct ; petals “ red,” erect, convolute, linear- lanceolate, bluntish ; capsule twice as long as the bractlet.—8"-15" high ; spikes yi_gnt long: bractlets glabrous, 6'", sepals 6", capsule 12” long —Has. Jamaica!, Sw., Pd., on trees. ; 90. 'T. Balbisiana, Schu/t. Leaves lanceolate-linear from a subulate base, convolute, recurved, exceeded by the stem, lepidote ; spite compound, compressed : /ateral spikes 8-8, 596 BROMELIACES, appressed, alternate, little shorter than the central: dractlets imbricate-distichous, polished, oblong-lanceolate, acuminate, keeled, little exceeding the calyx, thrice as long as their in- ternodes ; sepads exceeding half the corolla, bluntish, a// 3 distinct; petals “ violet,” erect, convolute, spathulate-linear; stigmas exserted, “blunt, ciliate ;” “capsule exserted.”— V/-13' high; spikes 3-2", bractlets 10", sepals 8-9’, petals 15 long.—HaB. Jamaica!, Wulischi., Pd., on trees, pecutiar to the plains, Manchester, Westmoreland ;. [Cuba !], 21, T. bulbosa, Hook.! Leaves convolute-filiform, minutely lepidote, greenish, the rosulate abruptly dilated into the roundish sheaths of the bulbous stem-base, flexuose, upper- most exceeding the spikes; spikes 5-8 (-1), subequal, approximate, spreading: bractlets imbricate-distichous, oblong, pointed, exceeding the calyz, 3-6 times as long as their inter- nodes ; sepals shorter than half the corolla, a// 3 dustinct ; petals “violet, white at the point,” erect, recurved at the summit, convolute, spathulate-linear; anthers exscrted ; stigmas spreading, “ciliate at the truncate, dilated summit ;” capsule half as long again as the bractlet.— Bot. Mag. t. 4288.—Platystachys, Beer. P. erythreea, Beer.—8"-12" high, 2" thick at the bulb; spikes 3'—2", bractlets 8'"-9", sepals 6!"—7", petals 15”, capsule 12!" long. —HaB. Jamaica!, Pd., Wulischi., on trees, S. Mary’s, Manchester; Trinidad !, Sch. ; {Guiana! Brazil !]. 22. T. laxa, Gr. (wz. sp.). Leaves lanceolate-linear, from an ovate-oblong base, convo- lute, straightish, suberect, as long as the stem, lepidote ; spite compound, (or simple) : branches lax, subdistant, alternate, about as long as the central spike: dractie¢s distichous, twice as long as their internodes, oblong-lanceolate, shortly acuminate, membranaceous at the margin, litt/e exceeding the calyx ; sepals shorter than half the corolla, alZ 8 distinct ; petals violet, erect, convolute, linear-lanceolate, pointed; anthers exserted; stigmas convo- lute; capsule as long as the bractlet.—1}' high; leaves 2" above the base 8! broad; spikes 6’-3", bractlets 9""-11"", calyx 6"-8", corolla 15"-20", capsule 10"! long.—Has. Jamaica |, Wullschi., Manchester; [Cuba!]. ; 23. T. pruinosa, Sw./ Wholly covered with spreading white scales ; leaves convo- lute-filiform from a subulate hase, recurved, as long as the low stem; spike simple: bract- Zets distichous, approximate, ovate-oblong, pointed, almost twice as long as the calyx; sepals half as long as the corolla, all 3 distinct; petals blue, convolute, spreading at the summit, spathulate above the claw, shortly exserted from the bractlet ; stigmas couvolute.— 4!'-6" high, leafy; spike 2"-8", bractlets 1", sepals 7’”-8", petals 14!-16! long —Has. Jamaica !, Sw., on trees; [Cuba! to Venezuela !]. *** Flowers distant: bractlets below their short thickish pedicel. 24, 'T’. flexuosa, Sw. Leaves linear-acuminate, subulate at the base, recurved, shorter than the stem, Jepidote with minute scales, or greenish, transversely zonate beneath ; spike few-branched, or simple: branches long, spreading : bract/ets distichous, spreading, oblong- lanceolate, bluntish, as long as or shorter than the channelled internodes, $-& as long as the calyx (its pedicel included); sepals 3, half as long as the corolla; petals rosy, linear, spreading at the summit; anthers exserted; capsule twice-thrice as long as the calyx.— Jacq. Amer. Pict. t. 93.—T. tenuifolia, Jacg. T. aloifolia, Hook. !—14'-3' high ; “ bract- lets and calyx rosy,” the former 10'—12" (-9""), the latter 12!" long ; ovary-base sunk into the pedicel—Has. Jamaica !, Pd., on logwood-trees, in hot savannahs; Trinidad; [Vene- zuela!, Guiana !]. 25. 'T. utriculata, Z. Leaves linear-acuminate, gradually tapering from an ovate base, spreading, recurved at the top, shorter than the stem, lepidote with minute scales, or green- ish, “ezonate;” spike compound: branches long, distant ; Sractlets distichous, erect, oblong, blunt, shorter than or as loug as the internodes, half as long again as the calyx ; sepals 3, half as long as the corolla ;-petals greenish-white, spreading at the summit; anthers ex- serted ;-“‘ stigmas convolute;” capsule twice as long as the calyx.—Bot. Reg. ¢. 749.—T. flexuosa, var. pallida, Zind/.—Nearly allied to the preceding, but stouter, more branched, pedicels and bractlets shorter ; “‘ bractlets and calyx green with a reddish margin,” the former 6,!" the lutter 12,/" capsule 2” long, its valves broader than in the preceding—Haz. An- tigua!, Wulischl., S. Vincent !, Guild.; (Cuba! to French islands !, Venezuela! ]. Sert. 2. Vrinsua, Lindl, Gaudich.—Spike distichous. Filaments not twisted.—Stem BROMELIACES. 597 leaved below, or bracteate only ; eaves broad, abruptly pointed, green, wholly or almost devoid of scaly down. § 1. Petals naked within, erect, spreading at the summit ; anthers introrse. * Stem stout, leafy below, 26. 'T. excelsa, Gr. (z. sp.). Stem leafy below; leaves oblong, shortly acuminate, lowest large, slightly dilated at the base, those of the stem decrescent, spreading ; spike com- pound: branches spreading, distant, as long as or exceeding the supporting leaf, most or lower ones compound again: bractlets imbricate-distichous, oblong, pointed, equalling the 3-leaved calyx and the capsule, much longer than the internodes ; petals shortly exserted, spreading at the summit, naked; anthers included, introrse.—Allied to 7. gigantea (Vriesea, Gaud.), 1n the figure of which the leaves agree, but the bractlets are exceeded by the calyx, aud the panicle is less compound. Leaves shining, dotted below, largest 14/(-2' and more) long, 2"(-8") broad ; primary branches 3-6”, uppermost secondary ones 14-2", reddish bractlets 10’’-18"", petals 12!-20" long.—Hap. Jamaica!, Pd., Wullschl., on trees, Man- chester, Westmoreland ; [Cuba !, Venezuela !]. 27. 'T. foliosa, Gr. (m. sp.). Stem leafy; leaves linear-oblong, shortly acuminate, lowest long, those of the stem suberect, of the panicle spreading, ovate at the base; spike compound, racemiform : branches short, simple, most approximate, few-flowered, exceeded by the supporting leaf: bractlets imbricate-distichous, approximate, oblong-lanceolate, equalling the 3-leaved caly« ; petals a little shorter than the calyx, naked; anthers included, introrse.—Habit of the preceding, but panicle leafy, contracted. Lowest leaves 24! long, 14-1" broad, floral 3 long, 14” broad ; bractlets 14"-1", calyx 14”, corolla 15! Icng.— Haz. 8. Vincent !, Guéld.; [Guiana !]. 28. T. penduliflora, Gr. (z.sp.). Leaves lanceolate-oblong, shortly acuminate; branches of the inflorescence long, compound, racemiform : spiral spikes short, distant, shorter than their internodes, xodding, exceeding the bract, 5-6-flowered: bractlets imbricate-distichous, approximate, ovate-oblong, or oblong-lanceolate, pointed, equalling the calyx.—Imperfectly known, probably allied to the preceding, but stem unknown. Leaves 3! long, 2" broad; branches naked, 14/—2', internodes 14-2", spikelets 14-1" long, the latter nodding from a short, recurved peduncle; bract and bractlets about 1" long —HaB. Dominica!, Imr. ** Stem reduced to the rosulate leaves : peduncles scapiform, bracteate, axillary. 29. T. axillaris, Gr. (x. sp.). Leaves oblong, pointleted, slightly dilated at the base, longer than the axillary scapes ; spike simple, compressed, distichous: bractlets approxi- mate, oblong, pointed, keeled-conduplicate, exceeding the calyx; sepads half as long as the corolla, 2 uzéted to $; petals naked, “purple” (Fendl.) : spathulate limb exserted from the bractlet, spreading ; anthers introrse, contiguous.— Leaves 1'-14! long, 13-2" broad ; scapes several, incurved, 10"-12", spike 2”, bractlets 10!"-8", capsule 1" long.—Has. Jamaica !, Pd., on mountain-rocks, S. Andrews; [Venezuela!, Fendl.]. § 2. Petals 2-scaled at the base, spreading at the summit, usually at-length ringent- deflered (Vriesea, Lindl). 80. T. glutinosa, Mart. Stout; leaves oblong, acute, equal at the base, rosulate ; spike divided at the base: branches long, ascending-erect: dractlets large, imbricate, dis- tichous, much longer than their internodes, ovate-obloug, bluntish, conver on the back, much exceeding the 3-leaved calyx ; petals spathulate-linear, spreading at the shortly ex- serted summit, greenish, more than twice as long as the calyx, 2-scaled at the base: scales oblong-lanceolate; anthers incumbent, iztrorse ; [capsule half as long as the bractlet, ex- ceeding the calyx].—Vriesea, Lindl. |—V. conferta, Gaud’ch. (Bonite, t. 65): the figure only distinguished by mucronate leaves; and T. splendens, Brongn. (F. des Serres, ii. May, Sf.4): distinguished by a simple spike—Leaves 2'-23' long, 23” broad; spikes about 1', bracts and bractlets 2”, calyx 1”, slender corolla about 27", its scales 3" long; ovary su- perior, but supported by a thickish pedicel with soft pith; the capsuliferous specimen (from Venezuela) is not quite certain: its bractlets more acuminate, about 3/ > calyx 9”, capsule 14" long.—Han. Trinidad !, Cr., Maraccas Waterfall ; [Venezuela!, Brazil]. Sect. 3. ANOPLOPHYTUM, Beer.—Spike 3-3-stichous. Petals naked within, spreading 598 BROMELIACEA. above. Stamens included: anthers erect. Stigmas spreading.—Stem low, densely leafy below, bracteate above; leaves lepidote, linear-acuminate, channelled. 31. T. pulchella, Hook. Stem incurved at the base: naked summit as long as the leaves ; leaves imbricate, linear-acuminate from the gradually dilated base, erect-spreading, channelled, lepidote, at length greenish ; spike few—8-flowered : bractlets somewhat distant, Oblong-lanceolate, membranaceous, usually with a foliaceous point, rosy ; sepals two-thirds as long as the spathulate-linear, white petals: 2 united to %, keeled; filamients unequal, straightish ; capsule equalling the calyx: seeds devoid of a pappus.— Bot. Mag. ¢. 5229.— 'T. pityphylla, Mart. (er. descr.).—4"-8" high, often branched below ; leaves 4/3” long, 2" broad at the base, lowest disappearing before anthesis; bractlets (except the setaceous summit) 6!’-8", calyx 5/6" long. —HaB. Trinidad (Sed.); [Cuba!; Venezuela!, Guianal, on tree-branches, Brazil]. Sect. 4. DiapHORANTHEMA, Beer.—Spike distichous: peduncles naked, few-1-flowered, Petals naked within, spreading above the calyx. Stamens included: filaments straight : anthers erect, introrse. Stigma obsoletely 3-lobed ; style short.—Stems low, leafy ; _ leaves lepidote, distichous. 32. 'T. recurvata, Z. Stems cespitose; leaves filiform, recurved: scaly down spread- ing ; peduncles axillary, or terminal, subsolitary, exserted, 2(—5)-flowered; spike included by a sheathing bract, each flower by a bractlet, superior somewhat distant; calyx 3-leaved, 4 as long as the blue corolla; capsule more than twice as long as the calyx: endoearp brown, submembranaceous.—SI. ¢. 121. f. 1.—About 6” high ; leaves 2-3", bract 5!-6", capsule 1” long.— Has. Bahamas; Jamaica !, Al, Wils.; Antigua!, Wudlschi.; [Southern United States !, and Cuba! to Buenos Ayres !]. Sect. 5. Srrepsis, Nutt.—Peduncles naked, lateral, 1-flowered. Petals, stamens, and short style of Diaphorauthema, but stigmas 3, spreading, capitate at the summit, and ovary-cells few-ovulate.—Stems filiform, hanging, flexuose, branched, leafy ; leaves lepi- dote, alternate; peduncles solitary. / 33. T. usneoides, Z. Whitish-lepidote from spreading, scaly down; branches long, interwoven ; leaves filiform, spreading-recurved ; peduncles shorter than the leaves: branch and 2 branchlets at their summit filiform, the former as long as the calyx, the latter exceeded by it; petals “purple,” spathulate, half as long again as the 3-leaved calyx; capsule about thrice as long as the calyx: endocarp purplish-brown, chartaceous.—Sv. ¢. 122. f. 2, 3.— 1'-4! long; leaves 1/-2”, capsule 8’ long: seeds 9-18.— Has. Jamaica!, 4/., Wullschl. ; Antigua!, Wudischi., hanging from trees; [United States! to Uruguay! and Chili !). 10. GUZMANTA, 2. P. Character of Tid/andsia, but anthers cohering—Habit of Vriesea, but spike pluriserial- imbricate. 34. G. tricolor, &. P. Leaves oblong, acute, slightly dilated at the base, devoid of scaly down, most rosulate, erect, about as long as the ceutral, bracteate stem; bractlets ovate, pointed, including the flower, variegated, uppermost red; sepals 8, ventricose-ovate, blunt, convolute, two-thirds as long as the white corolla, half as long as the capsule; ex- serted part of the counivent petals ovate, blunt.—R. P. Peruv. ¢. 261; Bot. Mag. ¢. 5220. —T. comosa, Bert.—l' high ; leaves 1” broad; bractlets 16!"-12"", calyx 8!" long.—Hax. Jamaica!, Pd., Al., Wullschl., March, on rocks, S, Andrews; [Cuba! to Portorico; Ve- nezuela! to Peru). 11. CARAGUATA, Plum. Character of Zil/andsia, but corolla sympetalous, and stamens inserted into the throat of its cylindrical tube.—Stem simple, leafy below ; leaves broad, pointed, devoid of scaly down ; bracts pluriserial-imbricate. 35. C. lingulata, Zind/. Leaves obloug, mucronate-pointleted, dilated at the base, as long as or longer than the stem; flowers in a terminal head, yellow, exceeded by ovate- oblong, somewhat rosulate, fuliaceous, red bracts ; sepals lancevlate-acuminate, half as long MUSACEX, 599 as the tubular corolla —=S/. ¢.120; Jacg. Amer. Pict. t.92.—Tillandsia, Z.—Leaves 1'-14! long, 1-14" broad, exterior bracts 3!-2", flowers about 14 long.—Has. Jamaica !, Wullschl., on trees; [Cuba! to Guiana !). C. serrata, Schult. (Tillandsia, Z.), a doubtful Jamaica plant, is evidently no congener, but from Plum, Ed. Burm, ¢.'75.f. 1, may be one of our Ananassee. 12. CATOPSIS, Gr. (Tussaria, K/., non Reichenb.) Character of Zi/andsia, but stigmas subsessile, funiculi incurved, dissolved into flexuose hairs from the base upwards, pappus spreading from the hilum, and pendulous seeds termi- nated with a blunt coma.—Habit of Tillandsia ; flowers pluriserial, in lax spikes ; stamens included: anthers oval. 36. C. nutans, Gr. Leaves ovate-lanceolate, narrowly acuminate, ventricose at the base, dotted, most rosulate; spikes slender, distant in a loose, simply branched panicle : bractlets about as long as their internodes ; sepals 3, spathulate, half as long again as the - bractlet; petals spathulate, subincluded, “ white;” capsule twice-thrice as long as the ca- lyx; pappus rusty-whitish.—Tillandsia, Sw. T. Berteroana, Schwl¢.—1'-2' high, usually: nodding; leaves 6-10" long, 14$”~1" broad; sepals 2! long—Has. Jamaica!, Pd., Wullschl., on trees; Antigua!, Wullschl., Dominica!, Imr.; [Cuba!, Haiti]. 87. C. nitida, Gr. Leaves oblong, mucronate-rounded at the top, slightly dilated at the base, devoid of scaly down, shining-green, all rosulate ; spike simple, or simply branched, slender, nodding: bractlets ovate, bluntish, as long as their internodes; sepals 3, elliptical, a little longer than the bractlet; petals “whitish,” subincluded; capsule twice as long as the calyx; pappus rusty-whitish—Tillandsia, Hook.! Tussaria, Beer.—6"-18" high; leaves 8-4" long, 12'-8" broad; sepals 2/4" long.—HaB. Jamaica!, Pd., Wils., on trees, summit of Dolphin’s peak: [Cuba!, Guadeloupe!; Guiana !]. CXLV. MUSACEA. Perigone coloured, unequal, 2-seriate : each series of 3 divisions. Stamens 6, one (—seve- ral) sterile, or abortive. Ovary inferior, 8-celled. Zbryo axile, in amylaceous perisperm. —Herbs, often arborescent, simple ; leaf-blade entire, costate. The Banana (Musa sapientum) and the Plantain (M. paradisiaca) are known as most valuable tropical plants, for the abundance of nutritive food afforded by this fruit. The large leaves of Musa are used for thatching, and all Musacee are fibre-plants. 1. MUSA, Z. Perigone 2-lipped: exterior and inferior lip 5(—8)-lobed at the summit, interior and su- perior (labellum) smaller, entire. Superior stamen abortive. Ovary-cells many-ovulate. Pericarp baccate.—Arborescent herbs; leaves rosulate at the summit of the stem; flowers often uniserual, ebracteolate-glomerate in the axils of large bracts (the spathes), the glo- merules spicate along a long axis (the spadix). ; : 1*, M. paradisiaca, L. Stem green; leaves oblong; spadix nodding: fruits ascend- ing, long-subeylindrical, ineurved.— Zuss. Fl. 1. “1, 2.—Fruit V/ long. —Has. Naturalized and cultivated, e.g. Jamaica!, Wils. ; [all tropical countries}. 2*, ML. sapientum, LZ. Stem “ purple-spotted 3” leaves oblong; spadix nodding: fruits obliquely elliptical-oblong (5"—6" long)—Hasz, Naturalized and cultivated, ¢.g. An- tigua}, Waudlsch2, ; [all tropical countries}. . 2, HELICONIA, L. Perigone 2-lipped : superior lip terminated with 2-seriate, 5-3 teeth or lobes, inferior and exterior ae lone. entire. Inferior stamen sterile. Ovary-cells l-ovulate. Capsule drupaceous, 3-coccous.—Stem sheathed .by the. base of the petioles; flowers bracteolate, glomerate or fascicled in the axils of distichous bracts. 600 SCITAMINEA, * Bracts large, adnate at the base, spreading, subequal: flowers glomerate-spicate. 3. H. Bihai, L., Sw. (won Jacg.). Scape about as long as the petioles; /eaves oblong, pointleted, subacute at the base; dracts large, 6-10, conduplicate-subulate, adnate-clasping at the base, spreading, much longer than the included, glomerate-spicate flowers ; superior lip 5-dentate.—Sw, Obs. t. 5. f. 2.: analyt., in b. and ¢. the cohering rows of the superior lip are separated.—H. luteofusca, Jacg. H. humilis, Jacg. (Scheendr, i. t. 48, 49): appa- rently a low form with red bracts, agreeing at least in structure.—5/--12! high ; inferior bracts 8” long, brown or purple with a yellow margin; flowers 2” long.—Has. Jamaica (Sw.), in moist mountain-woods ; Trinidad!, Pd. ; [Cuba! to Guiana!; Peru !]. _ [H. caribeea, Lam. “Scape about as long as the petioles; leaves oblong, rounded at both ends ; bracts large, 6-10, conduplicate-subulate, adnate-clasping at the base, spread- ing, longer than the included, glomerate-spicate flowers; superior lip 3-dentate.”—Plum, Ed. Burm. t. 59. Dese. Fl. 4, t. 260. Rich. Musac. t. 8. §- 10. super. H. Bihai, Jacg., Rich.—HaB. Martinique (Jacq.).] ** Bracts sessile, inferior gradually larger: flowers fascicled. 4, EX. pulverulenta, Lindi. Stem leaved below; leaves ovate-oblong, pointleted, rounded or subcordate at the base, “‘ powdery beneath” or glabrate: petiole sheathing be- low: dracts 3-5, oblong-lanceolate, ascending-erect, conduplicate-clasping at the base, much longer than the fascicle of flowers, lowest as long as the inflorescence.—Bot. Mag. t. 4685.—3!-6! high ; leaves 8" long; bracts red, lowest 5” long; flowers greenish—Has. Dominica (Hook.) ; Trinidad!, Pd., in woods, Arima; [Brazil]. 5. EZ. psittacorum, Z. Stem leaved ; leaves oblong, or oblong-lanceolate, shortly and narrowly acuminate, rounded or bluntish at the base: petiole sheathing from below the sum- mit; bracts 3-6, lanceolate, spreading-erect, concave at the base, not much longer than the Sascicle of flowers, lowest as long as the inflorescence : pedicels glabrous ; superior lip 3- dentate.—Bot. Mag. t.502. Rich. Musac. t. 9, 10 inf—H. cannoides, Rich. H. Swart- ziana, R. S.—2!-4! (-8') high; leaves 6-12" long; bracts reddish, lowest 23’—-8" long; flowers reddish-yellow, black at the point, 12’”-15" long —Has. Jamaica!, Pd. ; S. Kitts!; Trinidad !, Pd.; [Venezuela to Brazil]. 6. HZ. hirsuta, LZ. fil. Stem leaved; leaves oblong, or oblong-lanceolate, acuminate, blunt or bluntish, at the base: petiole sheathing from near the summit; dracts 5-12, lanceo- late-linear, spreading, concave at the base, most about twice as long as the fascicle of flowers, lowest as long as the inflexed-ascending inflorescence: pedicels and flowers villous or pubes- cent ; superior lip 5-8-dentate.—H. dasyantha, C. Keck. (ex deser.). H. acuminata, Kappl. Surin. (non Rich.). HH. psittacorum, Seem. Panam.—Habit of the preceding and of H. acuminata, Rich.: the latter has petioles sheathing only below, and a glabrous inflorescence ; lowest bracts 33"-5” long.—Has. S. Vincent !, Guid. ; [Panama!, Venezuela!, Guiana !). CXLVI. SCITAMINEA. Perigone coloured, 2-seriate (calyx and corolla), each of 3 divisions. Fertile stamen 1, inserted with the staminodia into the corolla-throat. Ovary inferior, compound, usually 3- celled. méryo included within amylaceous perisperm, free at the point of, the radicle.— Perennial herbs; leaf-blade entire, 1-costate. The Zingiberacee cuntain aromatic, pungent principles: ginger (Zingiber) is extensively cultivated; the aroma in the seeds of Renealmia has been compared with Cardamom. Starch, called Arrow-root, is obtained from Maranta. Trine I. ZINGIBERACEL:.—Calyz tubular. Anther of 2 distinct cells, embracing the style, superior: inferior staminodium (labellum) petaloid. Sac of the embryo persist- ent. Petiole ligulate, devoid of a terminal knob. J. RENEALMIA, L. fil. « Corolla clavate-infundibular: limb exserted. Labelium embracing at the base the sta- men: lateral staminodia obsolete. Axther oblong, not exceeded by-the connective : filament SCITAMINEZL, 601 very short. Stigma subemarginate. Capsule pulpy, many(-several)-seeded, irregularly lovulicide.—Rhizoma creeping ; flowers in a terminal raceme, supported by a tubular, or sheathing bractlet. * Scape lateral, at the base of the sterile stem. 1. R. sylvestris, Gr. Scape radical, glabrous; leaves lanceolate-oblong, pointed: petiole produced beyond the ligule; raceme dense, spiciform : bracts 1-flowered, oblong, blunt, or bluntish, about as long as the shortly pedicellate, yellow flower : tubular bractlet obliquely truncate, half as long as the 3-dentate calyx ; corolla-lobes obovate, shorter than the tube: labellum shortly exserted, broadly obovate, entire, ciliate; filament as broad as the anther ; capsule ovoid.—Si. ¢. 105. f. 2—Amomum, Sw, /—Seape 1/-14/, sterile stem 4'-8!' high ; leaves 24/-1', coloured bracts about 14", pedicels 1-2", calyx 1” long. —Has. Jamaica!, Sw., Pd., Ad., Wullschl., in moist woods, 8. Georges, Manchester. 2. BR. bracteosa, Gr. (x. sp.). Scape radical, pubescent; leaves large, oblong, mu- cronate, tapering toward the ligule; raceme lax: bracts 1-flowered, lanceolate-linear, twice as long as the flower, superior decrescent : tubular bractlet ventricose, broadly and shortly 2-fid, much longer than the pedicel, about as long as the broadly 8-dentate calyx, pubescent ; corolla-lobes oblong-oval, shorter than the tube: labellum subincluded, entire; fi/ament narrower than the anther ; capsule ovoid.—R. spec., Rose, : his characters given at the end of the description of 2. eraltata, L., agree perfectly.—Scape 14'-2' high ; leaves 3-4! long, 6" broad ; inferior bracts 32/~24", pedicels 3”, calyx 10/-12" long.—Has. Dominica}, Imr.; [Guadeloupe !]. 3. BR. occidentalis, Gr. Scape radical, hispidulous-pubescent chiefly at the rhachis and at the pedicels ; leaves lanceolate-oblong, mucronate-acuminate, narrowly tapering toward the ligule; raceme long, usually compound with short branches: dracts lanceolate, deciduous, inferior, many—2-flowered, longer than the flowers, superior decrescent: tubular bractlet ob- liquely truncate, blunt, little exceeded by the calyx, about twice as long as the pedicels ; calyx ventricose, 3-fid : lobes oval, blunt ; corolla-lobes obovate, as long as their slender tube; “iabellum exserted, emarginate;” capsule ovoid.—Alpinia, Sw. A. jamaicensis, Géirtn, t. 12. sec. Sw.—Scape 13'-3! high, sterile stems much higher; leaves 2'-1' long, 43!-2" broad ; lowest bracts 14", pedicels 2’, calyx 4!"-5"" long, “the latter purpurascent ; corolla yellow.” . uw. Raceme compound: most branches many-flowered ; pedicels upward one-sided.—Habit of R. aromatica (Alpinia, Jacg. Fragm. t. 74, 75) of Haiti, said to have globose capsules : both are confounded by Roscoe. 8. Paro secora (Alpinia, Jacg. Fragm. t.16). Raceme simple: most bracts 1-flowered, lowest 2-flowered.—Perhaps a distinct species. : Has. Jamaica!, Wils., March (8); 8. Vincent !, Guild. (a, B, Jacq.) ; [Cuba ! (a), Gua- deloupe! (a); Panama!, New Granada !}. ** Raceme terminal ; labellum 3-lobed. 4. R. racemosa, Mosc. Leaves lanceolate-oblong, shortly acuminate: petiole shortly produced beyond the ligule; raceme terminal, lax, exceeded by the uppermost leaves: rhachis and pedicels glabrous ; bracts 3-1-flowered, most (except the lowest) exceeded by ; the flowers, lanceolate-linear, bluntish ; calyx shortly 3-dentate, twice as long as the ob- liquely truncate, tubular dract/e¢ ; corolla-lobes spathulate, as long as the tube: Jabellum obovate~8-lobed; filament shortly filiform; capsule ovoid- lobose.— SI. é. 105. fi. L— Alpinia, Sw., L. (ex parte). A.antillana, R. S.—Stem 2'-3' high; leaves 8-10" long, 2” broad ; bracts “ red,” lowest 1", pedicels 2”, calyx 5’” long ; corolla white.—Has. Jamaica}, all coll., in moist woods; [Cuba ! and Mexico! to Peru !] 5. R. caribeea, Gr. Leaves broadly lanceolate-oblong, pointed, tapering as far as to the ligule ; raceme termiual, lax, exceeded by the uppermost leaves: rhachis and pedicels soubescent ; bracts 3-1-flowered, oblong-linear, bluntish ; calyx clavate, bluntly 3-d: utate, about as long as the common, distant, sheathing bractlet ; corolla-lobes spathulate: labellum obovate—3-lobed; filament shortly filiform; capsule ovoid.—Plum. Ed. Burm. t. 20. Gértn, Fruct. t. 12: the capsule.—Alpinia, Garin. A. racemosa, R. a (ex parte).— Leaves 1}/-1/ long, 4-8" broad ; inferior bracts 2N_14", calyx 8", capsule 6” long —Has. Dominica!, Lmr. 602 SCITAMINES. 2*, ZINGIBER, G. Character of Renea/mia, but filament long, and connective produced beyond the anther- cells into a linear, grooved, terminal appendage——Root tuberous ; flowers in dense, short spikes: bracts 1-flowered. 3 6*. 2%. officinale, Rosc. Scape radical, half or one-third as long as the sterile stem; leaves linear-lanceolate, acuminate, tapering towards the 2-lobed ligule: bracts imbricate, ovate- roundish, blunt, membranaceous ; “ corolla-lobes pale-yellow, lanceolate : labellum dark-blue and variegated, 3-lobed: middle lobe broad, emarginate, lateral short, narrow.”—Rose, Monandr. t. 88.—Scape 1-1}! high; leaves 8’—-12" long, 8'’-12" broad; spike ovoid, 14/2", bracts 10!-12/" long.—Has. Naturalized and cultivated in Jamaica [and Cuba!, introduced from East Indies]. 3. COSTUS, L. . : Corolla and labellum of Renealmia. Stamen petaloid, spathulate: anther-cells adnate to its inner side. Stigma dorsally 2-corniculate. Capsule “ pulpy, loculicide, many-seeded.” —Stem leafy, thickish, trailing ; leaves supported by a tubular ochrea ; spike dense, mostly terminal, usually supported by the uppermost leaves; bracts broad, \-flowered. 7. ©. spicatus, Sw. Leaves elliptical, or elliptical-oblong, pointed; spike ovate: bracts imbricate, broadly ovate, pointed, striate, keeled above, red-coloured (except at the margin) ; corolla yellow ; labellum exserted, shortly 3-lobed, recurved.—Jacg. Amer. Pict. t. 1. Rose. Monandr. t. 77—Alpinia, Jacg.—1'-6' high ; bracts 1”, flowers about 23" long. a. Wholly glabrous. B. pubescens. Leaves pubescent, chiefly beneath : ochrea ciliate.—C. villosissimus, Jacg. (Fragm. ¢. 80): a still more pubescent form. Has. Jamaica (Sw.); S. Kitts, Grenada, S. Vincent, Guild. (8) ; Trinidad (Crueg.) ; [French islands (Jacg.) to Brazil]. 8. C. glabratus, Sw. Leaves elliptical-oblong, or lanceolate-oblong, pointed, glabrous ; spike ovate-oblong: dracts imbricate, ovate-roundish, with a bluntish point, striate, green, inferior terminated by a foliaceous appendage ; corolla white, with a yellow blotch ; label- dum exserted, “ undulate, narrow.’—C, arabicus, Ait. C. uiveopurpureus, Jacg. (Fragm. t. 79) is probably a form of our species (‘‘ corolla white, with a violet tinge, labellum lacerate at the summit”’).—-14'-5' liigh ; bracts 1" diam., flowers 2-3" long.—Has. S. Lucia (Sw.), in moist woods; [Haiti!, French islands!; Guiana]. 9. ©. spiralis, Rose. “‘ Leaves oblong-obovate, or lanceolate-oblong, pointed; spike ovoid: bracts imbricate, ovate-roundish, obtusate, red; corolla red; labellum about as long as the superior petal, exceeding the stamen, entire, straight.” —Jacq. H. Schenbr. 1. t. 1.—Alpinia, Jacq. u. Jacquim. ‘Leaves oblong-obovate, pointleted: ochrea often ciliate; bracts ciliate ; corolla red with a yellow tinge.” —“.8'—4/ high ; spike 2” long.” _[8. Pisonis, Lind]. “ Leaves elliptical, cuspidate, glabrous; bracts glabrous; corolla’ red.”—Bot. Mag. t. 899.] eres y. Roscoei. “ Leaves lanceolate-oblong, pointed, glabrous; bracts glabrous; corolla red.” —Rose. Monandr. t. 79. Has. &. Vincent (Jacg. a); Trinidad (Rose. y) ; [Brazil]. 10. ©.cylindricus, Jacz. Leaves lanceolate- or obovate-oblong, pointed ; spike cylin- drical : bracts densely imbricate, broader than long, broadly rounded, striate, red; corolla “ yellow or red ;” dabel/um about as long as the stamen, entire, straight.—Jaeq. Fragm. t. 77. Rose, Monandr. t. 78.—C. Auachiri, Jacg. (Fragm. t. 78): probably a stout’ form of the same, with variegated, red and yellow flowers. C. ciliatus, Mig./: a form with pobes- cent ochrese, corresponding with Roscoe’s figure.—6’ high and more; spike 4-6" long, - bluut ; corolla 14” long, “yellow (Rose.), variegated (Jacg.), or red” (Kegel): Plumier stated the flowers of his Martinique plant to be blue, but he saw them ouly in a withered state-—Has, S. Vincent (C. Anachiri, Jacq.) ; Trinidad (C. eylindricus, Rosc.) ; [Mar= tinique (C. cylindricus, Jacq.) ; Guiana!). SCITAMINE. 603 Tripe If. CANNACEE.—Calyx-tube not produced beyond the ovary. Anther \-celled, marginal on a lateral, petaloid filament: staminodia several. Sac of the embryo dis- appearing. —No ligule, 4, CANNA, L. Corolla infundibular. Petaloid staminodia: one exterior, alternate to the corolla, (rarely 2-partite, or replaced by 2, or wanting: the upper lip, comprising one of the interior staminodia), two interior, one of the latter 2-partite (or replaced by 2), or undivided, inserted into the corolla-throat, the other (the labellum, or lower lip) recurved. Stamen recurved: anther half-adnate. S¢y/e spathulate-linear, flattish: stigma truncate. Capsule warty, loculicide, many-seeded: seeds subglobose: embryo straight.—Leaves. devoid of’ « petiolar knob ; flowers usually geminate, in a terminal raceme or corymp. * Flowers red or variegated with yellow. ll. C. indica, Z., Azf. Leaves ovate, or ovate-oblong, pointed ; segments of the upper lip entire at the top, subequal, lanceolate, erect: one of the 2 leaflets 2-partite: lower lip entire.—Rosc. Monandr. t. 1.—3'-4' high; flowers red, variegated with yellow, about 2! long.—Has. Jamaical, March; [Cuba! to Venezuela !]. 12. C. Isamberti, Lindi. Leaves elliptical, or elliptical-oblong, pointleted, tapering into the sheath; segments of the upper lip entire at the top, erect: one of the 2 leaflets 2-partite: Zateral divisions obovate-spathulate, the middte segment (“ sometimes wanting ”’) and lower lip lanceolate, the latter revolute, entire—Rosc. Monandr. t. 2.—12'-14! high ; flowers crimson, not variegated, about 8" long —Has. Dominica!, Imr.; Trinidad (Rose.) ; [Guiana]. 18. ©. coccinea, dit. Leaves ovate, or ovate-oblong, mucronate; larger segments of the upper lip emarginate, lanceolate, unequal, erect: the middle segment smaller, linear, (or wanting) : lower lip linear, emarginate.—Rosc. Monandr, t.11.—C. occidentalis, Rose. : a broad-leaved form. C. surinamensis, Mig. /—4!-6' high; flowers about 24" long, red, lower lip variegated with yellow.—Has. Jamaica!, March; 8. Kitts!, Antigua !, Wadlschi., 8. Vincent !, Guild. ; [Guiana !]. 14. G. edulis, Ker. * ‘‘ Leaves ovate, or ovate-oblong, mucronate, contracted into the sheath; segments of the upper lip subequal, lanceolate, entire at the top, erect: lower lip linear, emarginate.”—Rosc. Monandr. t. 5.—C. discolor, Lindl. (Bot. Reg. ¢. 1231) : a form with purple-stained leaves.—“ 8/-12! high, tuberous ; longer pedicels 2-bracteolate below the ovary ; corolla red, 3” long.’—Has. Trinidad (Lind?.) ;* [Brazil, Peru]. ** Flowers yellow. 15. G. pallida, Rosc. Leaves ovate-oblong, or oblong, bluntish, or mucronate : sheath puberulous or glabrescent ; staminodia lanceolate, emarginate: upper lip erect, its 2 leaf- , dets equal, mostly undivided.—Rose. Monandr. t. 19, 20.—C. maculata, D%.: a broad- leaved form. C. Buckei, Weinm. ?—24'-4! high; flowers 2" long, yellow, lower lip with orange spots.—Has. Jamaica !, March ; 8. Kitts, Hls., Barbadoes (Kose.). 16. G. glauca, LZ. Leaves large, elliptical-lanceolate, acuminate, long-tapering into the sheath, glaucous; segments of the upper lip obovate-spathulate, equal, entire, ascending : one of the 2 leaflets 2-partite: dower lip oblong-linear, emarginate.— Rose. Monandr. t. 7. —6' high; flowers yellow, not variegated, 8” long —Has. Jamaica!, March ; Trinidad !, Cr.; [Guiana !]. 5. CALATHEA, Mey. (Phrynium, Papp., Endl., non Kornich.) Corolla-tube filiform: limb spreading. Petaloid staminodia: one exterior, alternate to the corolla (lower lip, or labellum, rarely wanting) ; two interior, opposite it, irregular (upper lip): one of them adhering to the stamen by a callous appendage, the other cucullate, including the style. Stamen petaloid - “anther half-adnate. Style incurved ; stigma round, shortly appendiculate. Capsule 3-seeded: seeds cylindrical : embryo curved.—Leaves with @ cylindrical knob at the top of the petiole ; flowers in spikes or heads, = 604 SCITAMINEA, a G; strobilifera, Mig., having a ligule and no petiolar knob, is a Zingiberacea, probably a Renealmia (Alpinia strobilifera, Paepp., Lndi.), §1. Spike compressed-cylindrical: bracts distichous-imbricate, complicate, convex on the back, rigidly chartaceous.—Spikes bursting from the leaf-sheaths at the summit of a naked stem. (Hucalathea, K6yrnick.) 17. ©. discolor, Mey.! Glabrous, stout; stem 1-few-leaved at the inflorescence, naked below it; eaves large, oblong, or oval, blunt, powdery beneath ; spikes axillary, single or geminate at the top of several, fascicled peduncles ; bracts large, roundish-sub- truncate, half as long as the yellow flower; lower lip obcordate.—Rosc. Monandr. t, 43. Jacy. Fragm. t. 69, 70 (inclus. t. 68, f. 4, 64. f. 3).—Maranta Cachibou, Jacg. (Calathea, Lindl.) : identical with Meyer’s specimen and Roscoe’s figure. M. Casupo, Jacg. (Phrynium,, Rose.). M. Casupito, Jacg. (Calathea, Mey.). M. lutea, Lam. (non Jacy.). C. lutea, Mey.—12'-14' high ; leaves 2'-5' (-1’), spikes 4-6" long, the latter 13-2" broad; bracts about 13” diam.; corolla-tube 13", limb 1” long—Has. Dominica!, Jmr., uncommon in woods ; Trinidad (Rose.) ; [Guiana!, Venezuela, New Granada]. § 2. Heads peduncled, bursting from a leaf-sheath: bracts herbaceous, or membranaceous, imbricated all round. (Myrosma, L., Pseudophrynium, Kérnick., Thalianthus, K7.) 18. ©. myrosma, Lindi, Stem puberulous above or glabrescent; eaves alternate, elliptical-oblong or oblong-lanceolate, pointed: knob short, villous-pubescent ; peduncles nodding from the uppermost leaf-sheath, single or geminate, as long as the ovoid-oblong head ; bracts trapezoid, half as loug as the white flower ; lower lip “ obovate.”’—Rosc. Mon- andr. t. 89.—Phrynium, Rose. Myrosma cannefolium, Z.—1'-2' high; leaves 8-5", heads 1”, inferior bracts 6’ long —Has. S. Vincent !, Guild. ; [Guiana!, Brazil!]. 19. ©. Allouya, Zind?. Stem puberulous above or glabrescent, naked, except at the base and summit ; Jeaves several, fascicled at the origin of the peduncle, obliquely elliptical, pointed: knob pubescent ; peduncle suberect, single from one of the uppermost leaf-sheaths, longer than the ovoid head; dracts elliptical, bluntish, more than half as long as the white flower, lowest larger, elliptical-ronndish ; lower lip “deeply 2-fid.”’—Jacg. Fragm. t. 71. Rose. Monandr. t. 38. Desc. Fl. t. 26.—Maranta, Jacg. Phrynium, Rosc.—Tubers “ globose, stipitate ;” stem 2!-3', leaves 2/-6" long: petioles as long as the blade ; pedun- cles 8”, heads 14"-2", inferior bracts 1”, flowers about 13” long—Has. Dominica!, Imr., 8. Vincent !, Guild. ; [Haiti to Guiana]. § 8. Scape terminated by a dense head: bracts herbaceous, imbricated all round. 20. ©. comosa, Lindl. “Glabrous; scape terminated by a subglobose head ; leaves large, elliptical, long-petioled ; bracts oblong-lanceolate, acuminate, inferior recurved, equal- ling the corolla-tube; flowers yellow; lower lip 2-lobed.”—Rose. Monandr, ¢. 35.—Ma- ranta, Z. Phrynium, Rose.—“ 3! high; leaves 2! long; head 4" diam.; bracts 14" long ; corolla-limb half as long as the tube.””—Has. Trinidad (Rosc.) ; [Guiana]. 6. ISCHNOSIPHON, Kérnich. (Calathea, Pepp., Endl., non Mig.) _ Character of Calathea, but anther nearly free (except at the oblique base), 2 ovary-cells sterile, the third 1l-ovulate, and capsule “dehiscent at the summit.”—Leaves of the West Indian species with a curved midrib at the oblique apea: petiolar knob cylindrical ; spikes slender : flowers involute by rigid chartaceous bracts and several bractiets. 21. I. Parkeri, Korn. Scape pubescent, terminated by a compound, dense spike ; leaves oblong, obliquely pointed, glabrous: midrib curved at the apex: petiolar knob villous at the annulate base; spike oblong-lanceolate: lower branches often distant, erect : bracts oblong- lanceolate, imbricate, the common ones sub-3-stichous, special distichous, much longer than their internodes, innermost bractlet membranaceous ; corolla yellow: tube thrice as long as the limb : lower lip obovate.— Rose. Monandr. t. 42.—Phrynium, Rose. Maranta lachnocaula, Miq.!—Scape several feet high; leaves 15”-12'long, 6-5" broad, long-petioled ; race- mose spike 3’-8", bracts about 1” long.—Has. Trinidad!, Cr. ; [Guiana !, equat. Brazil]. BURMANNIACEA. 605 22, I, Arouma, Korn. Stem arundinaceous, terminated by several rosulate leaves ; leaves ovate-oblong, obliquely pointed, glabrous: midrib curved at the apex: petiole about as long as the sheath, pubescent at the thickish base of the knob; spéseg long, slender, cylindrical, fascicled, unequal, bursting from a leaf-sheath: bracts elliptical-lanceolate, or oblong-linear, bluntish, little longer than their internodes, forming a distichous cylinder around the flowers ; corolla reddish: tube thrice as long as the limb : lower lip spathulate. —dacq. Fragm. t. 73. Rudy. Guian. t. 37—Maranta, Jacg. M. juncea, Lam. M. pe- tiolata, Rudg.—6'-10' high ; leaves 1’ long, 8"-6" broad, as long as the petiole; spikes 6-12", bracts about 1” long, lowest longer—Has. Trinidad!, Cr., in the northern hills ; (French islands !; Guiana!, Brazil !]. 7. MARANTA, L. Corolla-tube obliquely tubular: limb spreading. Petaloid staminodia : two exterior (upper lip), two interior (lower lip), as in Calathea. Anther free from the petaloid fila- ment. Ovary 1-ovulate by abortion: style incurved: stigma “3-angular.” Capsule mem- branaceous: seed ovoid-oblong, tubercled : embryo curved.—Leaves with a cylindrical knob between the blade and the sheath, alternate ; inflorescence terminal. 23. M. arundinacea, L. Tuberous, herbaceous, branched; leaves ovate-oblong, potnled, puberulous ; inflorescence loose, spreading : bracts distantly distichous, deciduous ; corolla white: tube equalling the calyx, clavate, about twice as long as the lobes; leaflets of the upper lip exserted, exceeding the lateral staminodia, obovate-roundish.—S/, ¢. 149. 2: aleaf. Rosc. Monandr. t. 25,—4'-5! high ; corolla-tube 6!" long.—Haz. Jamaica! ; (Haiti! and Mexico! to Brazil !]. 24. IML. indica, Zuss. Tuberous, herbaceous, branched ; /eaves oblong, sharply acumi- nate, glabrous (except “along the midrib” and at the petiolar knob): sheath glabrous ; ; inflorescence few-flowered: bracts distantly distichous, deciduous ; corolla white: tube equal- ling the calyz, clavate, about twice as long as the lobes; “‘ leaflets of the upper lip exserted, about as long as one of the inner staminodia.”—Tuss. Fl. 1. ¢. 26. Desc, Fl. 8. t. 549. Rosc. Monandr. t. 26.—6' high ; corolla-tube 6" long, staminodia as long. —Has. S. Vin- cent !, Guild., Barbadoes (Rose.); Trinidad (Rose.) ; [Mexico to Venezuela!]. 25. M. gibba, Sm. Devoid of tubers, shrubby, dichotomous; eaves ovate-oblong, pointed, glabrous ; sheath glabrous ; inflorescence few-flowered : bracts distantly distichous ; corolla white ; tube twice as long as the calyx and the lobes, incurved-clavate ; “ leaflets of the upper lip exserted, unequal, about as long as one of the inner staminodia.”—Rose. Mon- andr. t. 29.—Corolla-tube 1” long, staminodia half as long.—Has. Antigua!, Wudlschl., Barbadoes (Rose.) ; [Mexico to Brazil]. / 26. IMI. Tonchat, Audi. Shrubby, 3-2-chotomous, jointed at the nodes: branches subcompressed, pubescent ; leaves ovate-oblong, pointed, oblique at the base, glabrous : sheath pubescent ; inflorescence loose: bracts distantly distichous ; corolla pale-blue: tube as long as the calyx and the limb, campanulate-tubular.—Rose. Monandr. t. 30. Bot. Mag. t. 2398.—M. angustifolia, Sims.—Bracts shorter than in the 3 preceding species, most 6’ long, corolla-tube as long.—HaB. Trinidad, Cr.; (Venezuela, Guiana, Brazil, Peru]. 8. THALIA, L. Corolla rotate. Petaloid staminodia: one exterior, large, two interior, as in Cala- thea. Anther free from the petaloid filament. Ovary l-ovulate by abortion : style in- curved: stigma long-appendiculate. Achenium utricular: seed ovoid, smooth: embryo curved.—Leaves with a cylindrical knob at the top of the petiole ; inflorescence terminal, branched. 27. 'T. geniculata, ZL. Shrubby, jointed ; leaves large, gradually tapering from the ovate base into the bluntish point, long-petioled ; panzcle loose, composed of flexuose, jointed spikes ; bracts ovate-lanceolate, distichous, longer than the internodes, 2-flowered ; corolla blue; exterior staminodium roundish, exserted.— Rose. Monandr. 1, 45.— 4/-6' high ; leaves 1/-13!, bracts 6!-8"" long ; exterior staminodium 4!" diam., exserted.—Hab. “lri- nidad!, Cr.; (Cuba! to Guiana! and Brazil]. me R 606 ORCHIDES, CXLVII BURMANNIACEA, Perigone coloured, of 8 exterior and 3(—0) interior divisions. Stamens 8(-6), inserted into the perigonial tube. Ovary inferior, synearpous or paracarpous, many-ovulate.+ Zm- dryo undivided: no albumen.—Small herbs; leaves minute or narrow. + 1. BURMANNIA, Z. Perigone infundibular: interior lobes minute. Ovary 3-celled. Capsule usually 3- winged, irregularly dehiscent by transverse slits between the angles. x 1. B. capitata, Mart. Annual; stem filiform, simple, subaphyllous: scales distant, + lanceolate-acuminate ; flowers in a small terminal head ; perigonial tube 3-costate—Mich. Fi. t. 3.—Tripterella, Mich.—2"-8" high; scales 1""-2!, flowers 2-3’ long, the latter “ whitish.’—Has, Jamaica!, Wudlischl.; Trinidad!, Pd., Cr., in savannahs; [Carolina} to Brazil!]. 2, APTERIA, Nutt. Perigone infundibular: lobes of unequal breadth. Stamens with a broad, obcordate, dorsal appendage. Ovary 1-celled. Capsule medianicide at the summit.—A filiform, simple, or few-branched annual; leaves scale-like, distant, ovate-lanceolate, sheathing ; cyme race- eu one-sided or few-l-flowered : flowers blue. 2. A. setacea, Nutit.—Hook. Ic. t. 660.—A. lilacina, Mrs. : a large-flowered form, "A. hymenanthera, Méig.—2"—4" high; perigone 4!"(-8") long: lobes subuniseriate, blunt- ish, 3 linear, 8 deltoid —Has. Jamaica!, Pd., Wis., in high savannahs, Manchester; Tri- nidad!, Cr., among mosses, Tocuche, heights of Las Cuevas; [Alabamal! to equatorial Brazil !]. 3. DICTYOSTEGA, Mrs. Perigone urceolate: interior lobes smaller. Stamens devoid of dorsal appendages. Ovary l-celled. Capsule medianicide.—Root-fibres with ciliate scales; stem filiform; leaves scale-like ; flowers ina terminal cyme. 8. D. orobanchoides, Mrs. Stem erect, simple ; cyme 2-fid: branches racemiform : pedicels nodding, alternating with the bracts; ovary turbinate, ecostate; capsule 3-valved. —RHook. Ic. t. 254.—Apteria, Hook.—8"-12" high ; scales appressed-sheathing, ovate-ob- long, superior distant; perigone 1’ long, white, deciduous: capsule as long.—Has. Trini- dad !, Cr., at Aripo; [Brazil]. CXLVIII. ORCHIDEA. Perigone coloured, of 3 exterior and 3 interior divisions: the third, interior (the lip or Jabellum) difform. Stamens 1(-2), gynandrous (the combined sexual organs forming the column) : anther with definite pollinaria. Ovary inferior, mostly paracarpous : placentas 3, many-ovulate. Pericarp capsular. Embryo undivided: no albumen.—Pcrennial herbs, often with tubers, the latter either above ground (aerial) or terrestrial; leaves entire; in- florescence centripetal. Vanilla is the aromatic fruit of the genus Vanilla. : Not having devoted a particular study to the tropical Orchids, I am glad to acknowledge that the determination of the West Indian species, in most cases, is due to Dr. Lindley (in Pl. Wright. and Herb. Hook.), Dr. G. Reichenbach (in my own collection), and Dr. Brad- ford, who gave descriptions and sketches, drawn frorh the living plants in the island of Tri- nidad, and communicated by Mr. Hance. The letters Z. and #., added in parenthesis to the names of species, refer to Dr. Lindley and Dr. Reichenbach, having confirmed the de- termination of the specimens. Trips I. MALAXI. DE—Pollinaria wary, devoid of stalks (caudicula). Anthers in a special terminal cavity of the column (anther-bed or clinandrium), jointed at the base, ORCHIDER. 607 deciduous.—The West Indian genera are mostly aerial, é.¢, either epiphytes or develop- ing their roots above the ground, except the species of Liparis and Microstylis. 1, PLEUROTHALLIS, 2. Br. Lip jointed with the column: perigonial divisions exterior lateral mostly cohering, at least at the base. Column devoid of lateral appendages at the summit: pollinaria 2, obovate- globose.—Stem usually l-leaved, not produced beyond the leaf, except by peduncles or scapes : no tubers ; flowers small, racemose or single. § 1. Stem with appressed, flaccid sheaths at its nodes: leaf distant from its base, * Racemes many-flowered. 1. P. univaginata, Lindl./ Stem angular, longer than or as long as the leaf; deaf ob- long or elliptical-oblong, tapering into the petiole, about as long as the elongated, 2-3-nate racemes ; perigonial divisions exterior lateral cohering at the base, oblong, twice as long as the obovate-oblong, naked lip—Stem 8/-12", leaf 6!-10", flowers 4!” long—Has. Jamaica !, Lind/., Manchester; [Cuba !]. 2. PB. gelida, Lindi. “Stem angular; leaf oblong, petioled, about as long as the geminate racemes ; perigonial divisions exterior lateral cohering to the middle ; lip cu- neate-oblong, 2-keeled at the middle.”—“ Very like the last; 1! high,’”—Has, Jamaica! (Zindi.). , 8. P. Imrayi, Lind].! Stem angular-striate, longer than the leaf; Jeaf broadly ovate or roundish ovate, twice as long as the fascicled racemes ; perigonial divisions ex- terior lateral little cohering, oblong, interior half as long, obovate ; “‘ lip much smaller, longi- tudinally 2-crested.”— About 1! high; leaf 5-4" long, 24-33" broad ; flowers 3” long, gibbous at the base—Has. Dominica!, Imr. . 4. P. floribunda, Lindl.! Stem upwards 2-edged, twice-thrice as long as the leaf leaf lanceolate, sessile, about as long as the fleruose, fascicled racemes: bracts spreading tubular ; perigonial divisions nearly distinct, exterior oblong-lanceolate, half as long again as the interior, the latter obovate, pointed, as long as the lip; lip ovate, shortly 3-fid, 2- crested: middle lobe longer, oblong, pointed.—Specklinia, Zimdé. Dendrobium ophioglose soides, Sieb. Mart. 206.—4''—-6" high; leaf 2" long, 4! broad; flowers 2" long, “yellow.” —Has. Dominica!, Imr, ; [Martinique !]. 5. P. alpestris, Lindl. “‘ Stem cylindrical, as long as or shorter than the leaf; leaf’ ovate-lanceolate, shorter than the filiform, fuscicted racemes ; perigonial divisions exterior lanceolate, lateral cohering to the middle, interior much smaller, ovate, pointed ; lip minute, ovate, blunt, concave.”—Sw. Adnot. t. 1. f. 5.—Dendrobium, Sw.— Stem 2", leaf 2-3" long; flowers small, greenish-yellow, with a deep-purple lip.”—Has. Jamaica!, (Sw.), on trees, in the highest mountains. 6. P.laxa, Lindl. “ Stem cylindrical ; leaf oblong, about as long as the filiform, solitary or fascicled racemes ; perigonial divisions exterior ovate-lanceolate, lateral cohering to the middle, interior one-third as long, linear, pointed; lip ovate, recurved, channelled.” —Dendrobium, Sw.—“ Stem 2!'-4" high ; flowers deep-purple.”—Has. Jamaica (Sw.), on rtees, in the highest mountains. 7. P. longissima, Lind/. Stem angular, as long as or twice as long as the leaf; /eaf’ leathery, spathulate-oblong, sessile, much shorter than the elongated, siagle raceme: Jlowers oue-sided, greenish ; perigonial divisions oblong-lanceolate, exterior lateral cohering to or to near the summit, interior little shorter (rarely half as long) ; lip half as long as the pe- rigone, oblong, blunt, recurved-ascending above the cucullate base.—P. racemifiora, Lindt. Orch. ! (exclus. synonym.).—14'-2! high ; leaf 4-6" long, 1-12" broad; raceme pedun- cled, 1-14! long, supported by an oblong sheath ; flowers 4’” long.—Has. Jamaica!, Wiis., on trees, S. Mary’s. 8. P. racemiflora, Lindl. (Fol. Orch.). Stem angular, longer than the leaf; Zeaf rigid, oblong, tapering into a petiole, half or one-third as long us the single (-geminate) racemes: flowers one-sided, purple; perigonial divisous exterior oblong, pointed, lateral cghering to about the middle, interior half as long, blunt ; “ lip ovate-oblong, blunt.” —Dendro- 608 ORCHIDEA, bium, Sw. BP. oblongifolia, Lindl, !—1' high or lower ; leaf 8"—-5" long, 1" broad; flowers about 2" long.—Has, Jamaica !, March, on trees, in the mountains ; [Cuba!; Venezuela! ]. 9. P. plumosa, Lindi. / Stem angular, shorter than the leaf; leaf leathery, oblong, sessile, exceeded by the peduncled, single spike: flowers subsessile, one-sided, yellow or green; perigonial divisions exterior lateral cohering to near the summit, gibbous at the base, superior narrower, linear, iztertor much shorter, oblong, pointed, fimbriate-serrate ; lip: rhomboid, concave.” —4"—6"' high ; leaf 24-8” long, 8'" broad; flowers 6’ long.— Has, Trinidad (Zindi.) ; [Venezuela !]. . ** Peduncles few-1-flowered. 10. P. sicaria, Lindl.! Stem upwards winged, 3-4 times as long asthe leaf; leaf lanceolate-oblong, decurrent, gradually passing into the downward tapering stem-wing, much longer than the short, fascicled, 2-3-flowered peduncles ; perigonial divisions exterior little eohering, oblong-lanceolate, interior half as long, pointed ; lip lanceolate with a hook at each side, 2-crested.”—About 1! high; leaf 4" long, 1” broad ; flowers 4!" long, “ greenish with purple stripes.”’—Has. Trinidad (Lindl.) ; [Venezuela!,_New Granada]. ll. P. Wilsoni, Lindl.! Stem angular, not margined, as long as or twice as long as the leaf; deaf lanceolate, or elliptical-lanceolate, much longer than the fascicled, few-1- flowered peduncles ; ‘ perigonial divisions exterior lateral cohering, interior oblong, pointed ; lip ovate with angles blunt.’—8" high; leaf 1” long, 2!-4"" broad—Has, Jamaica !, Wils., Walischl. ; (Cuba). } 3 12, P. discoidea, Lind?. “ Stem as long as or shorter than the leaf; Jeaf’ ovate-lan- ceolate : peduncles fascicled, \-flowered ; perigonial divisions exterior ovate, lateral cohering, ‘superior twice as large, interior linear ; lip eordate-ovate, bluntish, as long as the perigone.” —13" high; lip yellow, with a red spot in the middle."—Has, Trinidad (Lindl.). 13. P. ruscifolia, &. Br. (LZ.). Stem cylindrical, twice-thrice as long as the leaf; leaf elliptical-lanceolate, tapering at the base and summit: peduncles fascicled, 1-flowered, exceeded by the petiole, included within a clasping-ovate, 2-fid sheath; perigonial divisions exterior lanceolate-acuminate, lateral cohering to the summit, interior halt as long, conform to the former ; lip minute, ovate-oblong, blunt.—Jacg. Amer. Pict. ¢. 212.—Epideudrum, ZL. Dendrobium, Sw.—About 1! high, rigid; leaf 4-5" long, 1" broad ; flowers 3”! long, greenish: ovary long, slender.—Has. Jamaica, from cultivated specimens; Dominica!, Imr. ; Trinidad !, Cr.; [Cuba! to Guiana! and Peru]. 14, P. pruinosa, Lindl. (R.). Stem cylindrical, about as long as the leaf; leaf lan- ceolate, about as long as or shortly exceeded by the single, filiform, few-flowered peduncle ; perigonial divisions exterior ovate-oblong, lateral cohering to near the summit, “ interior ‘little shorter, linear ; lip small, ovate, pointed, with blunt angles below the middle.”—2"— 4" high ; leaf 1-12" long, 2-3" broad; flowers 14’ long, “ yellowish.’—Has. Jamaica (Zind1.); Trinidad !, Cr. ; [Guiana |, on trees]. 15. P. emarginata, Lindi. “Stem delicate, shorter than the leaf; leaf oblong, emarginate, longer than the capillary, 2-flowered peduncle ; perigonial divisions linear-lan- ceolate, exterior cohering to the middle, interior half as long; lip linear-lanceolate with lateral angles, saccate at the base, serrulate.’’"—Specklinia, Lindl.—‘ Leaf about 13" long ; flowers green, interior divisions white, lip rosy.’—Han. Jamaica (Lindl.). § 2. Stems reduced, cespitose: leaf approximate to the root. 16. P. aristata, Hoot. Leaf spathulate-lanceolate, pointed, long-tapering into the petiole, margined, much shorter than the single, flexuose raceme ; perigonial divisions ex- terior lanceolate, tapering from the middle into the awn-like summit, interior half or one- third as long, lanceolate-acuminate; “lip ovate-oblong, blunt, with small, lateral lobes.” — Ann. Nat. Hist. 2. ¢.15: the interior perigone shorter than in our specimen, and long- ‘fringed.—Leaf 8” long, 2’ broad; peduncled raceme 3-4", flowers 4"! long, the latter purple-veined.—Hax. Dominica, Jmr. ; [Guiana]. 17, BP. delicatula, Lindl.! Leaf spathulute, pointed, tapering into the short petiole, ‘margined, one-third as long as the single, fleruose raceme; * perigonial divisions exterior linear-acuminate, bluntish, nearly free, interior cuneate cut; lip little shorter than the pe- ORCHIDEA. 609 rigone, oblong with basilar auricles, serrate, pubescent.”—Leaf 6/4!" long, 2-14" broad ; peduncled raceme 14" long —Has. Jamaica!, Pd. 18. P. corniculata, Lindl. ! Leaf spathulate, or elliptical-oblong, tapering into the long petiole, margined, little exceeded by the single, filiform, 1-flowered peduncle ; perigo- nial divisions eaterior lanceolate-acuminate, erect, lateral cohering to near the summit, in- terior half as long, lanceolate; lip as long as the interior perigone, “ rhomboid, blunt-acu- minate.”—Dendrobium, Sw. P. hymenantha, P/. Wright. 1501.—Leaf about 1" loug, 2!"_4!"" broad ; flowers 2! long, yellowish —Has. Jamaica!, Pd., Wulischi., on trees and fences; [Cuba!; Mexico]. 19. PB. lanceola, Spreng. “ Leaf lanceolate, ‘pointed, tapering into the long petiole, as long as the single, Jiliform, 2-flowered peduncle ; periyonial divisions exterior lanceolate, Slunt, spreading, nearly free, interior one-fourth as long, ovate, ciliate ; lip oblong, blunt, recurved.” —Sw, Adnot. t. 2.7.5.—Dendrobium, Sw. Specklinia, Lind? Leaf 14" long ; flowers minute, orange-coloured, with a purple, yellow-margined lip.’—Has. Jamaica (Sw.), on trees in the highest mountains. 20. BP. tribuloides, Lindl.! -Leaf spathulate or lanceolate, bluntish, tapering into the petiole; peduncles l-flowered, shorter than the petiole, single, or a few fascicled, wholly enclosed by the scarious sheaths ; perigonial divisions exterior Dales linear-acuminate, lateral cohering to about the middle, interior one-fourth as long, oblong; lip as long as the interior perigone, “linear, recurved, pubescent.”—Sw. Adnot. ¢. 1. J. 4.—Dendrobiun, Sw.—Leat 14"-8" long, 4!’-2!"" broad; flowers 24! long, “red ;” capsule echinate.— Has. Jamaica!, Wils., Wullschl. ; [Cuba.!; Mexico to Costarica]. ., §8. Primary stem creeping-radicant, secondary ones reduced, distant along it, each one-leaved. ‘ 21. BP. sertularioides, Spreng. Leaf spathulate-linear, mucronulate, about as long as the single, \-3-flowered, filiform peduncle ; perigonial divisions lanceolate-acuminate, exte- rior lateral little coherings interior little shorter ; lip as long as the interior perigone, ovate- oblong, with small lateral lobes at the middle, blunt.—Dendrobium, Sw. Specklinia, Lendl. —Leaf 8"—12" long, 1-14" broad; flowers 13!" long. beg uw. Peduncle 1-flowered, 2-bracteolate above the middle; flower “whitish with yellow tips.” : "7 trinitensis, Peduncle 8-2-flowered : flowers distant, “ pale-purple with a purple lip” Bradf.) . He Jamaica !, Wudlscht. (a) ; Trinidad !, Cr., Bradf., near Arima (8). 22. P. polygonoides, Gr. (x. sp.). Leaf elliptical-lanceolate, or elliptical-oblong, &luntish, shortly petioled, much longer than the short, single, l-flowered peduncle ; peri- gonial divisions lanceolate-acuminate, exterior lateral little cohering at the base, interior half as long; lip clawed-oblong, with small lateral lobes about the middle.—Nearly allied to the preceding, and presenting the same habit, but peduncle only about twice as long as the petiole. Stems 2/4!" distant from each other; leaf thickish, 6!”"—4’” long, 2 proad 5 peduncle 2!” long, wholly or half concealed by the enclosing sheath; flowers 1” long, “pale with purplish tips, and a purple lip.”’—Has. Trinidad !, Or., Bradf., on trees near Arima. i 23. BP. testifolia, Lindl.! Leaf oval-roundish, or elliptical-oblong, clasping-sessile at the summit of the short petiole-like, secondary stem ; flower single, subsessile, supported by a keeled-conduplicate sheath : its keel lacerate-winged ; perigonial divisions exterior spathulate-oblong, pointed, pilose, lateral cohering to about the middle, interior half as long, spathulate, blunt ; “lip spathulate, ciliate, 2-crested at the base, recurved above the claw. Cymbidium, Si.—Primary stem thicker than in the two preceding species, and its sheaths spreading, secondary ones 2!!-3!/ long 5 leaf thickish, 9-12" long, 10/4!" broad x flower deep-purple, 8" long: its sheath 2” long, concealing the ovary—Has. Jamaica!, Pd., Wils., March, Wullschi., on trees and rocks ; [Cuba!; Venezuela]. a . . . . = . , 4. Stems caspitose, furnished with several obliquely spreading-tubular, pointed, : ripaimacindl sheaths: leaves margined. (Lepanthiformes, Lindt.) 24. BP. biflora, Focke. Stem hispidulous, longer or as long as the leaf: sheaths with a 610 ORCHIDEA. ciliate, ovate-roundish limb ; leaf elliptical, or elliptical-oblong, contracted at the petioled base ; peduncles fascicled, much shorter than the leaf, 5-2-flowered ; perigonial divisions lanceolate-linear, exterior lateral cohering below, interior half as long ; lip linear, ciliate.— Leaf 1-13" long, 8!"-10" broad: petiole 2" long; peduncles about 4", flowers 2” long, the latter “ purple” (Bradf.), pale in drying —Has. Trinidad!, Cr., Bradf., on trees, in moist woods, Arima; [Guiana]. 25. P. lepanthiformis, G. Reh. Stem hispidulous, about as long as the leaf: sheaths with a eiliate, ovate limb ; leaf oblong-lanceolate, bluntish, tapering into the petiole; pe- duncled racemes geminate-solitary, half as long as the leaf : flowers approximate ; perigonial divisions exterior lateral coheriug to near the summit, saccate at the base, superior linear, “interior minute, linear; lip obovate-oblong, blunt.”—P. villosa, Knowl., Weste. (see. Lindl.): name objectionable, the down being not villous—Leaf 2” long, 8 broad; flowers 1" long, “‘ purple.’—Has. Trinidad !, Cr. ; [Mexico to Guiana!], 26, BP. foliata, Gr. (x. sp.). Stem filiform, puberulous at the angles, often somewhat branched, or distantly 2—several-leaved, much longer than the leaves: sheaths with a ciliate, roundish limb ; /eaf elleptical, or obovate, somewhat pointed, cuneate at the petioled base ; peduncled racemes geminate-solitary, distantly few-flowered, exceeding the leaf ; perigonial divisions exterior oblong-lanceolate, lateral cuhering to the summit, interior ovate, pointed, half as long ; lip ‘exceeding the interior perigone, linear, blunt, puberulous above.—Habit of Lepanthes rotundata ; 2-8" high; leaves 6!’-4!" long ; 24!" broad; flowers scarcely 1" long: perigone erect, yellow in drying —HazB, Jamaica!, W2la. 27. P. microlepanthes, Gr. (x. sp.). Stem reduced, glabrous, usually much shorter than the leaf; sheaths 2-3, with a glabrous, deltoid limb; leaf elliptical, or elliptical- roundish, somewhat pointed, tapering into the petiole; peduncled racemes fascicled, half as long as the leaf: flowers about 5, approximate; perigonial divisions exterior ovate, pointed, lateral cohering below the 2-dentate summit; interior minute, spathulate, half as long as the breadth of the exterior ones ; lip little shorter than the exterior perigone, oblong, blunt.—Habit of Lepanthes tridentata, var. Loddigesiana ; leaf 4!-3" long, 2!-3! broad ; flowers 4” long: perigone erect, yellow in drying —HaB, Jamaica!, Macf, Wils., March, on tree-barks, among mosses, 2, LEPANTHES, Sw, Character of Pleurothailis, but lip adnate to the column, usually 2-partite, aud pollinaria clavate.—Stems cespitose, 1-phyllous : sheaths obliquely spreading-tubular, rigid-margined, pointed. 28. L. rotundata, Gr. (x. sp.) Stem filiform, glabrous, much longer than the leaf : sheaths with a subulate, minutely ciliate limb; leaf elliptical, rounded-3-mucronate, contracted at the base, exceeded by the fascicled (-single), peduncled racemes ; peri- gonial divisions exterior deltoid, lateral cohering below the 2-dentate summit, interior much smaller, obversely deltoid ; lip-segments diverging, spathulate, adnate to the middle of the column.—About 2" high; leaf 6!(-8'") long, 4" broad; flowers 2" long—Has. Jamaica !, Macf. . 29. I. tridentata, Sw. “Stem filiform, or reduced ; leaf elliptical, pointed-8-mu- cronate, cuneate at the base, exceeded by the single, few(--1)-flowered peduncles ; perigo- nial divisions exterior ovate, pointed, lateral cohering to the middle, interior half as long, puberulous, transversely oblong-lanceolate, blunt at one, bluntish at the other angle; lip- segments lanceolate, ascending from the base of the lip.” —Sw. Adnot. t. 2. f. 2.—L. Lod- digesiana, G. Rchd. (L. tridentata, Lindl.: Bot. Reg. t. 1762): a form with reduced stems,—“ Stem 2"-2’, peduncle 8" long ; leaf 5!"-8"" Jong, 2-4" broad ; flowers 1" long, purple- and yellow-variegated.”—Has, Jamaica (Sw.), on trees, in the mountains. 30. L. pulehella, Sw, Stem filiform, glabrous, longer than or as long as the leaf: sheaths with a ciliate, ovate-deltoid limb ; deaf‘ elliptical, pointed, cuneate at the base, about as long as the few\(—1) flowered, single (-fascicled) peduncles ; perigonial divisions exterior ovate, acuminate, all cohering only at the base, spreading, interior semisagittate, linear- acuminate, half as long; lip-segments incurved-linear, converging, inserted near or below the summit of the column.—Sw. Adnot. t. 2. f.3.—Stem 6-2", leaf gM"—1gi long, the ORCIIDER, 611 latter 4"-8" broad; flowers 2! long, “yellow and purple-variegated within.”—Hag. Jamaica!, Macf., Pd., Baner., on trees, near Blue Mountains Peak. 31. L. sanguinea, Hook. “Stem filiform, about as long as the leaf: sheaths glabrous ; leaf elliptical, bluntish, longer than the short, fascicled, 1-fowered peduncles ; perigonial divisions exterior deltoid, ciliate, lateral cohering to the middle, interior transversely oblong ; lip-segments ovate” (sec. icon.).—Bot. Mag. t. 4112.—“ About 1” high; leaf 6’ long, 4!” broad; flowers crimson.” —Has. Jamaica (Hoos.). i 32. La. concinna, Sw. (#.). Stem filiform, puberulous, longer than the leaf: sheaths with an ovate-rouudish, ciliolate limb ; leaf ovate, pointed, cuneate-rounded at the base, about twice as long as the single (—fascicled), distichous, spiciform, peduncled racemes ; perigonial divisions exterior broadly ovate, pointed, cohering at the base, lateral to beyond it, spreading, interior half as long, half-cordate-lanceolate, acuminate; “lip-segments in- curved-linear, converging, inserted near the summit of the column.”—Sw. Adnot. t. 2. f. 4. —L. tridentata, Lindl. Pl. Wr. 1510 (non Bot. Reg., non Sw.).—2"-6" high; leaf 2"~8!" long, 10!'-5"" long ; flowers 1” long, “ yellow, crimson within.” —Has, Jamaica, Wullschl., on trees: [Cuba !']. 88. L. cochlearifolia, Sw. Stem somewhat rigid, hispid, longer than tke leaf: sheaths with an ovate-roundish, ciliate limb; leaf ovate-roundish, with a bluntish point, twice— thrice as long as the fascicled, or solitary, few-flowered peduncles ; perigonial divisions ex- terior ovate, acuminate, all coheriny at the base, spreading, “ interior transversely lanceo- late-linear, acuminate, half as long; lip-segments incurved-linear, spreading, inserted at the base of the column.”—Sw, Adnot. t. 2. 7. 1.—2"-8" high ; leaf 1” long, 8'"—-10' broad ; flowers 2! long, ‘‘ purple.” —Has. Jamaica!, Wids., on trees and rocks, very rare. 3. STELIS, Sw. Character of Pleurothallis, but column short, furnished with two lateral appendages at its summit. Perigonial divisions exterior cohering at the base, interior minute.— Flowers racemose, usually very small, 84. S. ophioglossoides, Sw. (L.). Leaf oblong-linear, bluntish, long-tapering at the base, longer than the stem, shorter than the peduncled, 1-sided, slender raceme ; peri- gonial divisions exterior deltoid, “interior and lip augular-truncate.”—Jacg. Amer. Pict. t. 911: leaf broader than in our forms, and racemes fascicled.—Epidendrum, Jacq. S. sca- brida, Zindl., is described as a lower plant with a narrower leaf-base: such forms are not distinguishable in the herbarium.—Leaf 4"-6"(-23") long, 6!”"-4" broad ; flowers 4’ long, “greenish with a tinge of purple.’—Has. Jamaica!, Wils., March; Dominica (8. sea- brida, Lindl.), S. Vincent! (apparently the same); Trinidad 1, Bradf.; [Cuba! and Mexico! to Guiana !]. 35. S. micrantha, Sw. (Hook. !). Leaf lanceolate-oblong, bluntish, contracted- tapering at the base, usually shorter than, or as long us the stem, exceeded by the slender, spiciform raceme; flowers nodding, 1-sided-distichous ; perigonial divisions exterior deltoid, “interior and lip truncate.” —Leaf 231-1" long, 8-4!" broad ; flowers “ whitish, red within.” —Has. Jamaica !, March, on trees and rocks ia the mountains. 4, OCTOMERIA, B, Br. Lip jointed with the produced base of the column: perigonial divisions nearly distinct, interior inserted into the base of the column. Column naked: pollinia 8, obovate-oblong, —Stem 1-deaved, as in Pleurothallis ; flowers fascicled, at the base of the leaf. 36: O. graminifolia, 2. Br. (R.) Leaf lanceolate-linear ; flowers “ pale-yellow, with two red spots ;” perigonial divisions ovate-laneeolate, interior little shorter; lip cuneate- oblong, blunt, or minutely denticulate at the summit, obliquely 2-crested, and with 2 short lateral lobes at the middle —Bot. Mag. t. 2764.—Epidendrum, Z.—Stems serial along a creeping, primary axis; leaf 4!" broad; flowers 3” long. aie : a. Leaf longer than the stem (5”-4" long) ; lip nearly as long as the interior perigone. B. ophioglossoides. Leaf about as Jong as the stem (3 long) ; lip half as long as the in- terior perigone.—Stelis ophioglossoides, Sied. Pl. Mizt, 452! (non Sw.). Has, Dominica!, Zim. (a, B); (Guadeloupe ! (8)]. j 612 ORCHIDE. 5. MASDEVALLIA, &. P. Lip jointed with the column, included: perigonial divisions exterior cohering and forming av infundibular tube, acuminate or awned at the summit, interior small. Column naked ; pollinaria 2, obovate-oblong.—Stem 1-/eaved, as im Pleurothallis ; flowers usually large, single at the base of the leaf. ; 37. IM. fenestrata, Lindl.! Leaf elliptical-oblong, bluntish, cuneate at the petioled base, about as long as the ventricose-sheathed stem ; peduncle about as long as the petiole; perigone deep-purple : tube campanulate, gibbous at the base, as long as the pointed lobes, the latter cohering at.the point ; “interior divisions ovate, pointed; lip oblong, acuminate, ‘with small lateral lobes about the middle.”— Bot. Mag. t. 4164.—Pleurothallis atropur- _purea, Lindl. !— Leaf 2"-24" long, 1! broad; flower 6’ long.—Has. Jamaica!, March ; [Cuba !}. 6. MICROSTYLIS, Nutz. Lip spreading from the column: perigonial divisions distinct, spreading. Column low ; pollinaria 4, collateral.—Root terrestrial ; stem terminal from an aerial tuber ;"flower small, racemose, or corymbose, 88, IM. umbellulata, Zind/./ Stem 2-leaved, 5-angular, or subcylindrical ; leaves opposite, long-sheathing, ovate, pointed ; flowers greenish, approximate in a fastigiate corymb, or short raceme: pedicels at length much longer than the flower: bract lanceolate- acuminate ; perigonial divisions exterior ovate, interior linear ; %p clasping-sessile, Aastate- deltoid, mucronate-emarginate : the mucro inflexed towards the large, basilar concavity.— Malaxis, Sw.—]’ high; leaves 2!'—4", lower pedicels 6", flowers 1" long —Has. Jamaica!, Pd., in mountain-woods, Gap of S. Andrews ; Doininica!, Jmr.; Trinidad!, Cr., S. Anne; [Cuba!; Mexico !]. : 39. ML. spicata, Lindl, Stem 2-leaved, 4-angular, or subcylindrical; leaves slightly alternating, long-sheathing, ovate-roundish, mucronulate ; flowers greenish, somewhat dis- tant in an elongated raceme: pedicels at length thrice as long as the-flower : bracts linear- acuminate; perigonial divisions exterior oblong, interior linear ; Zip elasping-sessile, hastate- subquadrate, shortly 3-lobed: middle lobe bluntish—sSw. FV. ¢. 28. inf. analyt., middle lobe of the lip more produced than in our form.—Malaxis, Sw.—l4'-}! high; leaves (8"-13", raceme 1”~2", at length 6-8”, flowers 1” long.— Has. Jamaica!, Pd., mountains of Westmoreland; [Cuba !]. 7. LIPARIS, Rich. Zap parallel below to the column: perigonial divisions distinct, spreading. Colum slender, -winged at the summit: pollinaria 4, collateral—Root terrestrial in the West Indian species ; stem terminal from an aerial tuber ; flowers racemose, or spicate. 40. Li. elliptica, G. Rehd. (ex diagn.). Scape margined by a wing ; leaf single, oblong, bluntish ; flowers in a spicifurm raceme : bracts exceeding or equalling the ovary; perigontal divisions linear ; lip ovate repand, abruptly acuminate with the midrib thickish, as long as the perigone ; column incurved.—Sturmia, G. Rehd. LL. jamaicensis, Lendl. in Herb. Hook. —8"_12" high; leaf 2"-6" long, 8""-10'" broad; flowers 2/3" long—Has. Jamaica}, Macf., Pd., in savannahs, Clarendon ; Trinidad !, Cr.; [Venezuela; Guiana]. 41, L. elata, Lindl. | Scape margined by a wing; Jeaves 3-4, large, elliptical, or ovate, pointed, cuneate at the long-sheathing base; flowers in a spiciform raceme: bracts about as long as the ovary; perigonial divisions linear-oblong ; lip cuneate-ovate, blunt, as long as the perigone, exceeding the thickish, incurved columu.—Boé. Reg. ¢. 1175: the synonym of the Indian LZ. bituberculata, Lindl. (added afterwards), is to be excluded.—l/—1}' high ; leaves 6-8" long, 3/—-4" broad; flowers 3” long.—Haz. Jamaica!, Dist., Wils., March; Dominica !, Zmr.; (Cuba! to Peru! and Brazil !]. 8. BOLBOPHYLLUM, Pet. Th. Lip jointed with the produced base of the column : perigonial divisions connivent-erect, ORCHIDEA. 613 exterior lateral often cohering at the base. Column short, with 2 lateral appendages at the summit: pollinaria 4, often unequal.—Scapes radical, lateral to aerial tubers. Sect. Botporuyizaria, G. Rehb.—* Pollinaria incumbent” (R.), “2 posterior much smaller” (Bradf.).—Flowers spicate : rhachis usually clavate. 42, B. pachyrrhachis, Gr. Tubers sub-4-gonal, 2(—1)-leaved; leaves lanceolate- oblong or oblong-linear, somewhat pointed, exceeded by the scape ; rhachis clavate, acuminate : flowers numerous, sessile, little exceeding the deltoid bract, perigonial divisions exterior subulate, lateral cohering at the base, interior much smaller, oblong, blunt; lip short, ob- long, blunt, fleshy, shortly clawed.—Rich. Cud. t. 14.—Pleurothallis, Rich. Bolbophyi, laria, G. Rehb.—1'-2! high; leaves 4-5!" long, 6-10!" broad; spike 5"-8", flowers 2-3!" long.—Has, Trinidad !, Cr., Bradf., common; [Cuba]. Trise Il. EPIDENDREG.—Pollinaria wary, distant from the stigma, supported by a Sree stalk (the caudicula). Anther of Malaxidex.—Vegetation usually aérial. 9. EPIDENDRUM, ZL. Lip clawed: the claw usually united with the column. Pollinaria 4; caudicule re- flexed, as many (—2).—Inflorescence terminal im the West Indian species. . § 1. Lip free or nearly free from the column.—Aerial tubers : scape terminal. 43. E. Ottonis, G. Rchb.! Tubes oblong or oval-oblong, compressed, 1-phyllous ; leaf oblong-linear, bluntish, tapering at the base, exceeding the scape; sterile bracts mem- branaceous, exceeding the internodes; raceme 5-6-flowered, simple: flowers whitish ; perigonial divisions lanceolate, pointed, conform; lip free, entire, nearly conform to the perigonial divisions; column minutely auricled.—Isochilus triander, Bradf. ms. : the Trinidad form being constantly 8-androus (Br.) or 3-5-androus (Cr.) by monstrosity, while Otto’s Venezuela plant, as Dr. G. Reichenbach informs me, is normally developed—Allied to E. auritum, Lindl., but flowers smaller, column not deeply 3-lobed, and anther blunt, tailless—Tubers serial, 6/"-12" long, 3!" broad ; leaf 5”-6” long, 3” broad ; flowers 3/4!" long, half as long as the smooth ovary; terminal anther 4-celled, lateral in the monstrous flowers incomplete.—Has. Trinidad !, Bradf., Cr., frequent, on trees ; [Cuba ! to Venezuela]. 44. EL. angustifolium, Sw. (L. in Herb. Hook.). Tubers ovate or ovate-lanceolate, little compressed, 1-phyJlous ; leaf’ linear, grass-like, exceeded by the scape; scape filiform, naked: bracts minute, pointed; raceme lax, branched at the base: pedicels as long as the ovary ; perigonial divisions lanceolate, pointed, conform ; kp as long, free, broadly 3-lobed above the claw: lobes subequal, lateral half-round, middle ovate ; column auricled below the anther-bed.—Tubers serial, 6!—8"" long, 4!’-3" broad; leaf 6’ long, 1” broad; scape about 1/, bracts 3-4", pedicels 2’, flowers 2'"-3"" long.—Has. Jamaica!, Pd., on trees, summit of Dolphin’s Peak. . 48. E. Bradfordii, Gr. (x. sp.). Tubers subglobose, l-phyllous ; leaf’ linear-oblong, bluntish, 3 or } ds long as the scape; sterile bracts distant, short, ovate, membranaceous ; raceme 5-6-flowered, simple : flowers white ; perigonial divisions oblong-lanceolate, pointed, conform ; lip 3-fid: lobes pointed, lateral oblong, middle little longer, acutely obovate ; column auricled below the anther—E. globosum, Bradf. ms. (non Jacq.).—Allied to £. chloroleucum, Hook., but leaf single, and lobes of the lip less unequal, inter erect-spread- jug.—Tubers 8-10" diam.; leaf 5’-6" long, 6” broad; scape 1-14’ high; bracts i_gin pedicels 4’, ovary 6, perigone 4!'—5""long.— Ha. Trinidad !, Bradf., Arima. 46 E. aciculare, Batem. “‘Tubers oblong, 2-leaved ; leaves linear, channelled, y ointed as long as the 6—7-flowered scape ; flowers in a simple raceme, purple with a whitish Ti : erigonial divisions linear-lanceolate, pointed, conform; Up 3-loded: lateral lobes eal ined blunt, middle ovate-oblong, mucronate.”—Bot. Mag. t. 4572.—H.. linearifo- lium, Hook.—Has. Bahamas (Lindl.); [Mexico]. ee. ee i ai ss ral-leaved ; leaves oblong-linear ; flowers Rata abe eae ee ee divisions amazate-chloag lip 3-lobed : a holf-ovate, half as long as the middle one, the latter oblong, very blunt, 614 ORCHIDEZ. crispate.”—Bot, Reg. 2. 1765.—‘ Flowers green : lip yellow, streaked with purple.”—Has, Bahamas (Zndi.). ; ; 8 48. E. rufum, Lindl. “ Tubers pyriform, 2-8-leaved; leaves lanceolate-ligulate, shorter than the scape; flowers in a slightly branched panicle, brownish-yellow ;. peri- gonial divisions elliptical, pointed ; lip 3-lobed: lateral lobes short, half-ovate, middle obovate, revolute at the margin, rounded at the base; column membrauaceous-margined,” —]' high, or more ; leaves 6-8" long; lip fleshy, 2-costate at the base.”—Has. Baha- mas (Lindi.). 49. ES. altissimum, Batem. “ Tubers cylindrical, 2-3-leaved, scape high, paniculate ; perigonial divisions oblong, pointed; /p 3-lobed: lateral lobes dimidiate, blunt, flexuose, middle dilated, mucronate, undulate, recurved, 2-costate at the base.’—Has. Bahamas (Zindl.), in rocky districts. 50. BE. bahamense, Gr. Tubers pyriform, 2-leaved ; leaves linear-oblong, blunt, much shorter than the scape; flowers paniculate : bracts small, deltoid, sterile distant ; pe- rigonial divisions spathulate, bluntish, interior broader ; ip 3-lobed, slightly 2-callous at the base: lateral Zodes basilar, half-ovate, somewhat pointed, embracing the column, middle broader, obovate-2-lobed, complicated, contracted at the base ; column with deltoid wings above.—Cymbidium diurnum, Lindl. (non Sw.: G. Rehb., who saw Jacquin’s original, in- forms me that the latter belongs to £. virens, Lindl.).—Nearly allied to EF. phaniceum, Lindl.!, but flowers half as large, the lateral lobes of the lip much smaller than the middle lobe, and ealli of the lip-base less prominent, tapering, not abrupt at the summit.—2! high ; tubers 14”, leaves 6-8", perigone 8'” long, all divisions of equal length, the exterior 2", the interior 3! broad; flowers numerous, brown-purple in drying; pollinia 4.—Has. Bahamas !, Swains. 51. E. plicatum, Lindl. (BR. eric. Catesb.) “ Tubers ovoid, 2-leaved ; leaves spathu- late-lanceolate, pointed, shorter than the scape ; flowers in a simple, corymbiform raceme, red-variegated ; perigonial divisions spathulate-lanceolate, pointed; Up 8-dobed: lateral dobes oblong-lanceolate, undulate, meddle cordate-deltoid, cuspidate, crenate, plaited, with 2 large keeled calli at the base.”—Catesb. Carol. 2. t. 88. fig. siu.— 14! high ; leaves 6’, perigone about 1” long; lip crimson.” —Has. Bahamas (Catesd.) ; [Cuba]. 52. E. bifidum, 4ud/., Sw./ Tubers shortly oblong-lanceolate, 2-4-leaved; leaves linear-lanceolate, blunt, much shorter than the scape; sterile bracts distant, long, ap- pressed-sheathing, floral ones minute ; flowers in a branched raceme, rosy-variegated ; peri- gonial divisions lanceolate-oblong: dip 3-partite above the claw: lateral segments ovate- roundish, embracing the column, middle larger, exserted, obovate, reniform-2-lobed at the summit.—Redout, Lil. ¢, 84.—1'-8' high; tubers 1” long; leaves~4!'-6" long, 5!_g/ ‘broad; pedicels 8’-4!", ovary 4", perigone 6", lip 8’ long, the latter 4’” broad at the abruptly dilated sumnnit, its lobes round : colour rosy with the lip purple above, but differ- ently described_by Plumier (Zé. Burm, ¢. 186. f. 1), and in ©. bifidum, Lindl. (Bot. Reg. 4.18. f. 9) —Has. S. Kitts!, Sw.; (Haiti! to Guiana !]. 58. E. bicornutum, Hook. Tubers elongated, 4-6-nodal, Linear-fusiform, 2-several- leaved ; leaves thick, lanceolate-ablong or oblong, bluut; sterile bracts distant, appressed- sheathing, floral ones smaller, spreading, oblong; flowers in a simple raceme, white with a variegated lip ; perigonial divisions elliptical, cuspidate ; Lip 8-fid, prominently 2-callous at ‘the base: lateral lobes oblong, bluntish, clasping, middle much longer, exserted, oblong, pointed.— Bot. Mag. t.3332.—1'-3! high ; leaves 8-4" long, 10"-6'" diam. ; leaves 4!'—5" dong, 1"-14" broad ; fertile bracts 2", ovary with the pedicel 1”, perigone 12-10" long; lip white with red dots and the conical calli yellow.—Has. Trinidad}, Bradf., on rocks and ‘decayed trees, abundant along the coast, and in the Boca islands. - 54. E. indivisum, Bradf. ms. (w. sp.). Tubers 3-4-nodal, linear fusiform, 4-6- leaned ; leaves thick, oblong-linear, blunt : sterile bracts distant, appressed-sheathing, ftoral oues smaller, spreading, oblong; flowers in asimple raceme, white ; perigonial divisions elliptical-oblong, pointed ; Zip undivided or minutely auricled above the base, 2-callous at the bere, eal oer apres Newry aie to the preceding, but lower, 6-10" igh, leaves 3” long, 5!"—6"" broad, perigone 6" long, “ pure-white ;” lip scar f —Has. Trinidad !, Bradf. mF E i el ORCHIDER. 615 55. E. polybulbon, Sw. Tuders serial, oval or ovate-oblong, subeompressed, 2- leaved ; scape short, \-flowered ; leaves ovate or ovate-lunceolate, bluntish; perigonial divisions lanceolate, acuminate, greenish ; Zip white, undivided, roundish above the claw; column red, 2-horned.—Dinema, Lindi. !—1"'-2" high; leaves 14"-4!", perigone and lip 6" long.—Has, Jamaica!, Macf, Pd., March, on trees, in the mountains; [Cuba! ; Mexico !]. 56. E. bletioides, Gr. (~. sp.). Tubers ovate-lanceolate, 2-Zeaved ; leaves fleshy, lanceolate-oblong, blunt, shorter than the scape; sterile bracts distant, short, appressed~ sheathing, blunt, floral ones snbulate, much shorter than the pedicel; flowers distant in a spreading panicle, or racemose ; perigonial divisions pointed, exterior lanceolate, interior oblong-lanceolate ; lip undivided; ventricose-concave, elliptical, pointed, with 2 linear crests below the middle: claw very short; column obovate, sharply 3-dentate at the broad sum- mit.—Allied to E. subagui/um, Lindl. (sec. Rehb. in lit.).—1/-14' high; leaves 5-6!" long: their number is not quite certain, as they are detached from our specimen ; perigone 6" jong, pale-brown in drying.—Has. Jamaica !, Pd., Hanover. § 2. Lip adnate to the column.—Aerial tubers: scape terminal. 57. E. pygmzeum, Hook. Tubers serial, linear-fusiform, sub-3-gonal, supported by a few, large, loose scales, 2-Jeaved ; leaves oblong-lanceolate, pointed ; flowers 1-3 at the summit of the tuber, shortly pedicellate, white ; perigonial divisions exterior lanceolate, “interior linear-acuminate; /ip 3-lobed. lateral lobes rounded, embracing the column, middle deltoid, acuminate.” —Bot. Mag. t. 3233: a form with thicker tubers and the peri- gone greenish with a white lip, the latter with a red spot at the point.—Tubers 1” long, 9/3! diam., exceeding the basilar scales ; leaves 3/-14", flowers about 6!” long; capsule 8-winged—Has. Jamaica!, Pd., Wullschi., on rocks and trees; Trinidad !, Bradf., abun- dant on old calabash-trees; Mexico to Brazil]. 58. E.serrulatum, G. Rchd. Tubers filiform, enclosed by ragged scales, 1-2-leaved ; leaves grass-like, linear or linear-lanceolate, crenulate, as long as or exceeding the short, filiform scape; raceme few-flowered : flowers “ brown-red,” subdistant: bracts ovate, acu- minate, about as long as the pedicel, lowest sterile; perigonial divisions ovate-lanceolate, pointed ;, “ Zip undivided, embracing the column, tapering above.” —Cymbidium, Sw.—3 ne 1 high, ceespitose ; leaves 2'"-3!" broad ; perigone 2-3!" long (not yet opened): flip pro- bably nearly conform to the divisions.—Has. Jamuica !, Macf., Pd., on trees near Blue Mountain Peak. 59. E. ciliare, Z. Tuders of several nodes, clavate-fusiform, 2-3-leaved ; leaves ob- tong, oblong-lanceolate or oval, SJunt, usually exceeded by the scape; flowers white or whitish, in a spreading raceme: bracts oblong-lanceolate, twice or more exceeded by the ovary, inferior sterile; perigonial divisions linear-acuminate, expanded ; lip obovate, cut into feruose fringes, the terminal division exserted.—Jacg. Amer. Pict. t.209.—E. cuspidatum, Lodd.—1'-2' high; leaves 4-8", perigone 14"-2” long.—Has. Jamaica!; Antigua !, Wullschl., Dominica!, Imr., 8. Vincent !, Gui/d. ; Trinidad !, Bradf., on rocks and decayed trees; [French islands!, Sieb. Mart. 207; Mexico! to Guiana!, New Granada !]. 60. E. variegatum, Hook. (L.). Tubers fusiform, 2(-“4”)-leaved ; leaves lanceo- late-oblong, bluntish, often as long as or exceeding the scape, the latter snpported by a spathe; flowers variegated, greenish with purple spots and streaks, racemose : bracts minute, deltoid ; perigonial divisions spathulate or obovate, blunt, exceeding the lip ; Zip undivided, small, obovate, apiculate, longitudinally 2-callous, approximate to the column.—Bot. Mag. ¢,3151.—8"-20" high; leaves 6’—10" long, often separated by an internode; perigone 4-5" long. —Has. Jamaica (Lind?.) ; [Cuba! to Brazil]. 61. E. fragrans, (Sw. L.). Tubers fusiform, supported by a few large scales, 1-phy/- lous ; leaves lanceolate-oblong, blunt, exceeding the scape, the latter supported by a spathe ; flowers whitish with purple streaks on the lip, in a short raceme : bracts small ; peragonial divisions exterior lanceolate-acuminate, interior shorter, as long as the lip, elliptical, pointed ; _ lp undivided, roundish, cuspidate.—Bot. Mag. t. 152.—E. cochleatum, Curt. (non L.).— ella high, leaves 6!-8”, perigone 8/12!" long.—Hak. Jamaica!, Dist., Lane, Wullschi., on trees and rocks; Dominica !, Zmr. ; Trinidad !, Bradf.; [Cuba! to Brazil !]. 616 ORCHIDER. 62. E. cochleatum, LZ. Tuders ovate-lanceolate or ovate, compressed, costate, sup- ported by scales, 2-/eaved ; leaves oblong, pointed, tapering at the base, about as long as the scape, the latter supported by a spathe ; flowers greenish, with a purple or purple-varie- gated Zip, racemose: bracts small; perigonial divisions recurved, lanceolate-linear, acumi- nate, longer than the lip ; lip undivided, cochleate, cordate-roundish, pointed, 2-callous at the base.—Catesb. Carol. 2. t. 88. fig. dertr—l'-2! high; leaves 1-13" broad; perigone 1-134", lip 8!” long —Haz. Bahamas (Catesb.) ; Jamaica!, Al., Wudlschi., on trees and rocks: [Cuba !, Haiti!, and Mexico to Venezuela]. § 8. Lip adnate to the column; stem equal at the base: leaves alternate ; inflorescence terminal, * Stem spathaceous-bracteate below the inflorescence: spathes much longer than the fertile bracts. : 63. E. trinitatis, Livdi./ Stem leafy, 2-edged; /eaves lanceolate, blunt; flowers pale with a yellow lip, in a terminal, simple, peduncled, nodding, many-flowered raceme : peduncle supported by a single, long, complicated, oblong-linear, herbaceous spathe ; peri- gonial divisions exterior elliptical-lanceolate or lanceolate, zvterior shorter, setaceous ; lip 8-lobed, falcate: lateral lobes subquadrate, pointed, middle longer, subulate, 3-callous at the base.—1/-1}' high ; leaves 4”, spathe 8", perigone 3’ long. —Has. Trinidad (Zindl.) ; [New Granada !, Pd.]. 64, E. rivulare, Lind/./ Stem leafy ; leaves lanceolate or lanceolate-linear, pointed ; flowers greenish and red-variegated with a pale lip, in a few-flowered, simple raceme: pe- dunele concealed by distichous, contiguous, keeled-complicated oblong-linear, herbaceous spathes ; perigonial divisions exterior oblong-lanceolate, pointed, interior as long, Linear ; lip 8-lobed : lateral lobes subquadrate, fimbriate-cut, spreading, middle linear, 3-dentate at the dilated summit.—]4'-2' high ; leaves 5-8", spathes 10-18", perigone 8” long.— Has. Jamaica!, Pd., Dolphin’s Peak ; [Cuba!, Haiti! ]. : 65. E. lanceolatum, Bradf. ms. (a. sp.). Stem leafy ; leaves lanceolate, bluntish ; flowers whitish, in a few-flowered, short raceme: peduncle concealed by a few distichous, contiguous, keeled-complicated, oblong-linear, pointed, herbaceous spathes ; perigonial divi- sions exterior lanceolate-linear, acuminate, interior as long, linear-acuminate ; lip 8-lobed, as long as the perigone; dateral lobes half-oblong-lanceolate, bluntish, ascending, middle half as long again, narrowly linear-acuminate—Allied to the preceding, 1/14" high ; leaves 4-6" long, 6!"-9"" broad; spathes 6/’-4!"", perigone 1” long, as loug as the filiform ovary: its bract minutely ovate.—HaB. Trinidad!, Bradf., Pitch Lake. 66. E. discoidale, Lindl.! Stem leafy ; leaves elliptical-lanceolate, pointed ; flowers - in a terminal, shortly peduncled, branched, or simple raceme : peduncle concealed by several approximate-distichous, keeled-complicated, oblong-linear, pointed, herbaceous spathes ; pe- rigonial divisions blunt, exterior spathulate-oblong, interior as loug, spathulate-linear ; ip 8-lobed: blade broader than long: lateral lobes reniform, spreading, middle as long, half as broad, subguadrate, retuse-truncate.—Habit of HF. nutans, Sw., but distinguished by-the spathes, and a peculiar, callous, roundish area, occupying the blade of the lip below the lohes. 1-14’ high ; leaves 6” long, about 14” broad; spathes 14-1", perigone 8!"-10" long ; bracts small, lanceolate-acuminate.—Has. Dominica !, Zim. : 67. E. nutans, Sw. (R.). Stem leafy; Zeaves oblong, bluntish, clasping; flowers yellow-green, in & many-flowered, flexuose panicle : its 7 branches nodding, interior supported by a large, scarious, oblong-lanceolate spathe : sterile spathe usually none ; pe- vigonial divisions bluntish, exterior spathulate-oblong, interior as long, spathulate-linear ; lip 8-lobed : blade a little broader than long : lateral lobes tranezoid-roundish, spreading, middle smaller, subguadrate, vetuse-truncate.—1]/—-2' high ; leaves 8-6", spathes 2", peri- gone 810!" long ; lip 2-callous at the base; bracts linear, 2"”—-8"" long.—Has. Jamaica !, Macf., Wulischl., on trees. 68. E. pallidiflorum, Hook.! Stem leafy below ; Zeaves oblong-lanceolate or oblong, bluntish ; flowers pale-yeliow “with a red stain at the top of the column,” in a short, loose, simple, or branched raceme: peduncle distunt/y bracteate, with lanceolate-linear, scarious bracts; perigonial divisions spathulate-lanceolate or Janccolate-clliptical, bluntish ; “ip ORCHIDER, 617 shortly 3-lobed, roundish: lobes subequal, lateral spreading, middle subtruncate, 2-callous. —Bot. Mag. t. 2980.—8"-1}' high; leaves 5-24", sterile bracts 12-6", perigone 6" long; bracts upwards gradually shorter—Has. Dominica!, Zmr. 69. B. fuscatum, Sw. (Z., R.). Stem leafy below; leaves ellptical-oblong or oblong- lanceolate, recurved-apiculate ; flowers greenish or purple-greentsh, in & short, compact, long-peduncled raceme: peduncle sheathed, with compressed-tubular, long, scarious bracts ; perigonial divisions bluntish, exterior spathulate-oblong, interior spathulate-linear ; Lip cor- date-roundish, slightly 3-lobed: lateral lobes roundish, middle smaller, emarginate.—Jacq. Amer. Pict. t, 208.—E. anceps, Jacg. (non Sw.).—14'-3! high; leaves 5"'-8", perigone a 6" long; raceme 1-2" diam. : sterile bracts 1-14", fertile 14-3!" long.— Has. Jamaica!, Baner., Wulischl., March ; Autigua!, Wullschi., Dominica!, Imr., 8. Vincent !, Guild., Grenada ; (Cuba! to Guiana]. 70. E. elongatum, Jacg. Stem leafy about the middle; /eaves oblong-lanceolate, bluntish or blunt ; flowers rosy, in a short, long-peduncled, simple, or few-branched raceme : peduncle sheathed with long, tubular, scarious bracts ; perigonial divisions spathulate-lan- ceolate or lanceolate ; Zep 8-obed, puberulous within, 2-tubercled at the base, the middle line crested: lobes denticulate, middle larger, 2-fid ; column distinctly 3-dentate at the dilated summit.—Jacg. Amer. Pict. t. 207.—H. secundum, Z.—-2'-4! high; leaves 4-8", raceme 1”-2", perigone 6!" long ; bracts small, a. Leaves tapering-bluntish. B. erassifolium, Lindl. Leaves fleshy, rounded-blunt.—I see no difference in the lip, but its crest less developed. Has. Antigua!, Nichols. (a), Dominica!, Imr. (a), S. Vincent (8); Trinidad!, Bradf. (8), abundant near Pitch Lake, terrestrial ; [French islands! to Venezuela]. 71. &. Schomburgkii, Lind/. Stem leafy about the middle; leaves lanceolate, bluntish ; flowers crimson, in a corymbose, long-peduncled raceme: peduncle sheathed with long, tubular, scarious bracts; perigonial divisions elliptical-lanceolate, acuminate; /ip deeply 3-lobed, 2-callous at the base, the middle line keeled: lobes dentate at the summit, lateral ascending, middle longer, cuneate-oblong.—Bot. Reg. 1838. ¢. 53.—2'-3' high; leaves 4!-8", perigone 10-8" long; corymb 3!—4" diam. : bracts lanceolate-linear, inferior 6" long.— Has. Trinidad !, Bradf., Maraval; [Guiana to Brazil and Peru}. 72. E. fulgens, Brongn. (non Focke). Stem leafy above; leaves lanceolate, or oblong-linear, dluntish ; flowers purplish-rosy, ia a short, peduncled, simple, or branched raceme: peduncle distantly sheathed with long, scarious bracts ; perigonial divisions ellip- tical or elliptical-oblong, somewhat bluntish ; lip cordate-roundish, fimbriate-dentate, nearly undivided, or with a short terminal lobe, 2-callous at the base, the middle line keeled.— Duperrey, Voy. t.60.—E. Schomburgkii, var. confluens, Zindé.: but rather a form of E. cinnabarinum, Salzm. (Bot. Reg. 1842. t. 25) with smaller flowers, and the terminal lobe of the lip suppressed.—13/-2' high; leaves 6-3", raceme 1"-2", perigone 6’” long ; bracts lanceolate-linear, inferior 6!"'-4!” long. — Ha. Trinidad |, Bradf. ; |B. cinnabarinum : Venezuela to Brazil]. 73. E. compressum, G7. (7. sp.). Stem few-leaved, compressed ; /eaves lanceolate- oblong, pointed ; flowers red, in @ loose, racemiform panicle : peduncle distantly sheathed with scarious, oblong, pointed bracts ; perigonial divisions pointed, exterior lanceolate, or half-ovate-lanceolate, interior linear ; Hip concave, shortly 3-fid : lateral lobes deltoid-ovate, small, middie a little longer, recurved, linear-sub-3-gonal ; column small.—Habit of B. dif- fusum, Sw.; 14/-2' high; leaves about 3, alternate, much exceeded by the peduneled panicle, 3-4 long, spreading from a keeled-complicated sheath ; sterile bracts 6/”-10 long, superior decreseent ; perigone, 3!” long.—Has. Trinidad !, Bradf. +** Stem leafy to the inflorescence: sterile bracts none, or a few conform to the Sertile ones. 74. EL. patens, Sw. sec. Lindl. (R.). Stems leafy above ; leaves oblong-lanceolate, pointed ; flowers greenish-yellow, in a nodding raceme: braets small, deltoid ; perigonial divisions spathulate-oblong ; “Zp equally 3-lobed, 2-tubercled at the base: lobes blunt, middle 9-lobed.— Bot. Mag. ¢. 3800.—From the description of E. patens, Sw. (“ flores pa- niculati; bractece lineari-lanceolatee”) neither his synonym is clear, nor does our species 618 ORCHIDE. oecur in the Jamaica collections, 1/+8' high; leaves 6-4", perigone 9!" long.—Has. Jamaica? (Sw.); Trinidad !, Pd. 75, E. jamaicense, Lindl.! Stem leafy above; leaves oblong-lanceolate, pointed ; flowers pale, in a simple raceme: bracts lanceolate-linear ; perigonial divisions pointed, exterior spathulate-lanceolate, interior spathulate-linear ; Lip undivided, roundish, or broader than long, undulate-subentire, mucronate, 2-callous at the base.—Allied to the preceding, but bracts 6/’—8"" long; 1! high; leaves 5”~3", perigone 8!” long.— Has. Jamaica!, Pd., on trees, Dunrobbin Castle. 76. E. bifarium, Sw. (Z.). Stem short, leafy; leaves lancevlate-linear, rounded- auricled at the clasping base; flowers “ greenish-white,” distantly distichous in an elongated, spiciform raceme: bracts keeled-compressed, deltoid, tubular below and decurrent along the compressed rhachis; perigonial divisions exterior ovate-lanceolate, “interior shorter, setaceous: Zip 3-lobed: lateral lobes roundish, entire, middle 2-lobed.”—Stem 2"-4", ra- ceme 6-10" long; leaves 2"—1", perigone 2!"-3" long: flowers 3/"~6"" distant.—Han. Ja- maica!, Macf., March, on trees, in high mountains. 77. G. rigidum, Jacq. (L. R.). Stem leafy ; leaves oblong, blunt, equal at the base; flowers greenish, distantly distichous in a spike ; bracts vaulted-ovate, keeled: keel decur- rent along the compressed rhachis; perigonial divisions exterior ovate, interior lanceolate- linear ; ip undivided, cordate-ovate, blunt: disk callous; column dentate—Jacg. Amer. Pict. t. 204. Hook. Ic. t. 314.—6"-10" high; leaves 2”, perigone 2!-3" long. —Has. Jamaica !, Macf., Pd., Wullschl., on trees; 8. Vincent!, Guild. ; Trinidad!, Cr., Bradf. [Cuba !, and Mexico to Brazil !]. . 78. E. strobiliferum, G. Rchd. Stem branched, leafy; leaves lanceolate or ovate- lanceolate, emarginate ; flowers “ white,” distichous in short, straight, terminal or lateral spikes: bracts vaulted-ovate, bluntish, not decurrent, exceeding the ovary ; perigonial divi- sions exterior ovate-oblong, or oblong-lanceolate, interior oblong-linear, or linear : Lip wadi- vided, cordate-ovate, pointed : disk concave, devoid of prominent calli.—8"-8" high ; leaves 12!-8"", perigoue 13!” long. a, Diffuse ; perigonial divisions exterior lateral oblique at the base, interior oblong- linear. 8. Swartzit, G. Rchb. ms. Low; spikes few-flowered, usually lateral; perigonial divisions exterior oblong-lanceolate, interior linear.—K, ramosum, var. Sw. Has. Jamaical, March, Wullschl. (8); Trinidad!, Cr., Bradf.; [Guiana !]. 79. E. ramosum, Jacq. (L. R.). Stem branched, leafy; leaves linear or lanceolate, emarginate ; flowers greenish-white, distantly distichous in short, fexuose, terminal spikes : bracts ovate-oblong, or oblong, concave, blunt, not decurrent, exceeding the ovary ; perigo- nial divisions exterior ovate-lanceolate, interior linear, or oblong-linear ; ip wadivided, cor- date-ovate, pointed (or bluntish): disk concave, with two approximate short calli at the base.—Jacg. Amer. Pict. t.202.—8"-1}! high, spreading-branched, ascending ; leaves 14"-4", perigone 3-4!" long, the latter rigid. a, Leaves linear; perigone 3 long: interior divisions linear. B. lanceolatum. Leaves lanceolate; bracts larger, lower often sterile ; perigone 4!" long : interior divisions oblong-linear. . Has. Jamaica !, all coll., on trees and rocks (a, 8); Dominica!, Zmr.; [Cuba! and Mexico! to Brazil]. 80. E. umbellatum, Sw. (Z.). Stem leafy ; Zeaves oblong, or ovate-oblong, blunt, or rounded-emarginate; flowers greenish, umbellate, or corymbose: bracts ovate, pointed ; perigonial divisions veiny, exterior oblong-lanceolate, or oblong, interior linear, or spathulate ; tip obsoletely 3-lobed, broader than long, veniform-roundish, flabellate-veiny, 2-callous at the base: middle lobe emarginate ; column cut-denticulate—RE. difforme, Jacg. Amer. Pict. é. 206: an unusual form with broad leaves, and whitish flowers.—6"-12" high; leaves 14"-3" long: sheath compressed ; perigone 6!'-8" long: lip variable, a. Leaves oblong ; perigone 6!” long: exterior divisions oblong-lanceolate, interior linear ; lip about twice as broad as long. 8B. latilabre, Lindl.! Leaves ovate-oblong, or oval ; perigone 8" long: exterior divisions oblong, interior spathulate, or spathulate-linear ; lip 1” broad or more, often four times as broad as long, ORCHIDEA. 619 Has. Jamaica!, Pd., Wullschl., on trees; Dominica!, Zmr. (a, 8), 8. Vincent !, Guild. ; Trinidad ; [Cuba ! to Brazil]. 81. E. nocturnum, L. (L.). Stem leafy; leaves oblong, or oval, blunt: flowers whitish, or greenish-yellow, geminate-solitary : bracts ovate-lanceolate, much exceeded by the long pedicel ; perigonial divisions large, linear-acuminate ; /ip 3-fid: lateral /obes ovate-oblong, as long as the denticulate column, middle longer, setaceous-linear.—Jacq. Amer, Pict. t. 210. Catesb. Carol. 2. t. 68.—1'-2! high ; leaves 5-2", perigone 23"—-14" long —Has. Bahamas (Catesb.); Jamaica!, Macf., March. ; Dominica!, Jmr., S. Vincent |, Guild. ; Trinidad!, Cr., Bradf. ; [Cuba! to Guiana! and Peru]. 82. E. diffusum, Sw. (L., R.). Stem leafy ; leaves ovate-oblong, or oblong, rounded- bluntish ; flowers “greenish-white,” in a loose panicle: bracts minute ; perigonial divisions exterior lanceolate, interior linear ; lip undivided, cordate-ovate, pointed, 3-crested, callous at the base.—.Bot. Mag. t. 3565.— 8''-14' high: panicle nearly as broad; leaves 1}'-3", perigone 4!" long, red in drying.—Haz. Jamaica!, all coll., on trees; [Mexico! to Guiana !]. 83. E. verrucosum, Sw, (2.). Stem leafy; leaves oblong-lanceolate, or lanceolate : sheaths subcylindrical, warty: flowers greenish-yellow, in a large, spreading panicle: bracts subulate, small: perigonial divisions exterior elliptical-lanceolate, interior spathulate- linear ; Zip 3-/id: lateral lobes oblong-linear, spreading, denticulate at the blunt summit, middle 2-lobed: disk 3-crested, middle crest narrower.—14!-4! high: leaves 6-4", peri- gone 4/3" long.— Has. Jamaica}, all coll., on trees. 84. E. vincentinum, Zind/.! Stem low, leafy ; /eaves lanceolate-linear, acuminate: sheaths compressed ; flowers minute, in a narrow, few-flowered panicle: bracts subulate, small, exceeded by the filiform pedicel; perigouial divisions exterior lanceolate, interior linear; Zip undivided, cordate-roundish, undulate-crispate.—3"-4" high; leaves 1”, peri- goue 1” long. —Has. 8. Vincent !, Gud/d. § 4. Lip free, or nearly free from the column ; stem equal at the base: leaves alternate ; inflorescence terminal, 85. E. sthenopetalum, Hook, (R.). Stem few-leaved above, sulcate; leaves Linear, or lanceolate-linear, emarginate-blunt ; flowers rosy, in a few-flowered, subsessile corymb : bracts scarious, small, ovate, pointed, sterile few, approximate, gradually larger ; perigonial divisions pointed, exterior oblong-lanceolate, intersor broader, elliptical-oblong ; ip undi- vided, obovate, entire, transversely crested at the contracted, pale base; column dentate at the summit.— Bot. Mag. ¢. 3410: I have added the letter 4 to the specific name, on ac- count of the broad petals.—Oncidium emarginatum, Mey. Esseg. |—%}!-2! high; leaves 38"_4, perigone 6’” long.—Has. Jamaica (Hook.); Trinidad !, Bradf., common on dying trees ; [Honduras to Guiana!]. 86. E. teretifolium, Sw. (R.). Stem leafy, simple, l-flowered ; leaves linear, trique- trous-subcylindrical, fleshy, blunt ;_ flower yellowish-green: bracts 2, membranaceous, ovate- late ; perigonial divisions “ exterior lanceolate, pointed, interior elliptical, half as long; dip: undivided, striate, thickened-8-quetrous at the t.’—Cymbidium, Sw. Isochilus, Lindl.—1'-1}' high ; leaves 13-2", bracts 4-6" long, the latter keeled —Has. Jamaica !, March, on trees, im high mountaiusy [Cuba]. 87. E. globosum, Jacq. (R.). Stem leafy, simple, few-flowered ; leaves linear, chan- nelled-subcylindrical, bluntish ; flowers yellowish, reddish-variegated, 2x a sessile, contracted: umbel: bracts small, membranaceous, ovate, blunt ; perigonial divisions ovate, interior smaller; “dip undivided, ovate, pointed, concave.” —Jacg. Amer. Pict. t, 203.—Cymbi- dium, Sw. Isochilus, Lizd?.!—2"-6" high, ceespitose; leaves 8-10", bracts 1!” long ;' flowers small.—Has. Jamaica!, Macf., Pd., Wullschl., on trees; Dominica!, Zmr., 8. Vin- cent ; (Cuba! to French islands !]. 10. BROUGHTONIA, &. Br. Character of Epidendrum, but lip produced into an adnate-decurrent, linear spur.—Seape terminal from an aerial tuber ; tlowers crimson, racemose. 28 620 ORCHIDEA, 88. B. sanguinea, R, Br.—Si. t. 121. f, 2.—Dendrobium, Sw. Epidendrum, S.— Tuber oval-oblong, 2-leaved; scape 8-15" high; leaves lanceolate-oblong, or oblong- linear, 3-4 as long as the scape ; raceme 5—12-flowered ; perigoue 8/”-10" long: exterior divisions lanceolate, or oblong, interior broadly-elliptical ; lip undivided, obcordate-roundish, subsessile.—Has. Jamaica !, all coll., on trees, in the low lands, Westmoreland; [Cuba !]. 11, CATTLEYA, Lindi. Character of Epidendrum, but lip free, sessile, convolute below around the column.— Scape terminal from a 2-1-leaved aerial tuber ; leaves leathery ; flowers few-solitary sup- ported by spathaceous bracts. 89. C. Skinneri, Batem., var. parviflora, Hook.. Tubers subcompressed, lanceolate- oblong, often several-nodal, 2-leaved; leaves oval, or oval-oblong, blunt; spathe 2-leaved, supporting the 2-6(-8)-flowered scape; perigone rosy: divisions pointed, exterior oblong- lanceolate, interior oblong ; lip wndivided, elliptical-oblong, pointed, convolute at the base.— Bot. Mag. t. 4916.—C. Deckeri, K?. Epidendrum Huegelianum, var., G. Rehb.: a has larger flowers aud a “blunt lip,” and is possibly the ¢ of our form, in which all pollinaria proved imperfect” (Bradf.) —Stem 6-8", leaves 4-6", perigone 1” long.—Has. Trini- dad!, Cr., Bradf., common; [Guatemala, along the damp coast]. : 12. LALIA, Lindi. Lip free, sessile, 3-lobed, channelled-convolute around the column below the division. Poltinia 8: caudicule 4.—Scape terminal from an aérial tuber ; leaves fleshy ; flowers large, supported by spathaceous bracts. 90. L. superbiens, Lindi. “Tuber elliptical-oblong, 2-1-leaved ; leaves oblong ;” flowers corymbose, rosy with a purple and yellow-variegated lip: dracts oblong-lanceolate, large, exceeding the pedicel, inferior sterile ; perigonial divisions lauceolate-oblong, bluntish, flat; lateral lobes of the lip broadly oblong, middle about half as long, broader than long, emarginate-blunt, crested at the base: crests 5, longitudinal, broad, truncate, dentate ; column dentate at the summit.—Bot. Mag. ¢. 4090: in our form the flowers are less nu- merous.—Bletia, G, Rehb.—Stout; bracts 2-24", flowers 22" long.— Has. Jamaica!, Pd., Wiis. ; [Mexico to Costarica]. eee 13. BRASSAVOLA, &. Br. Lip free, clawed, nearly undivided: claw channelled, convolute around the column. Pol- linia 8.—Leaf solitary, narrow, fleshy ; inflorescence terminal. * Stem cylindrical, sheathed, 1-leaved towards the summit: no aérial tubers. 91. B. cucullata, R. Br. (R.). Leaf subcylindrical, linear-acuminate ; flower soli- ’\ dary ; perigonial divisions long, lanceolate-linear, acuminate ; Zip shortly clawed, cucullate- ” subulate, fimbriate at the margin below its long, linear-acuminate, terminal appendage.— Bot. Mag. t. 543.—Epidendrom, LZ. Bletia, G. Rehb.—Czspitose, about 1 high; leaf 6-10" long, 2! diam. ; perigone yellowish-white, 3-23" long—Has. Dominica !, Imr., 8. Vincent !, Guid. ; Trinidad!, Bradf., abundant ; [Mexico to Venezuela]. 92. B. cordata; Lindl. (R.). Leaf complicated-linear, acuminate, recurved ; flowers corymbose ; perigonial divisions lauceolate-linear, acuminate, about as long as their distance from the axis; lip subcordate-roundish, cuspidate, entire, scarcely as long as the claw.— Bot. Mag. t, 3782.—Bletia, @. Rehb. —8"-12" high ; leaf 6-8" long: its sides 4!” broad , perigone greenish with a white lip, 13"long—Has. Jamaica!, M‘Nab, Wullschl.; [Brazil]. 93. B. Sloanei, Gr. Leaf “ channelled-halfcylindriéal, linear-acuminate, straightish ;? flowers corymbose ; perigonial divisions lanceolate-linear, acuminate, shorter than their dis- tance from the axis; ip subcordate-roundish, mucronate, entire, longer than the claw.— SL. t. 221. f. 3. Bot. Mag. t.3229.—B. nodosa, Hook. (nom Lindl. in Bot. Reg.). B. subulifolia, Lind/.” (‘leaves very narrow ”): Cymbidium subulatum, Sw., if erroneously de- scribed, may possibly belong to this; it is, however a quite doubtful Orchid, of which, in ORCHIDEA. 621 Swartz’s herbarium, G. Rehb, found only a single leaf.—Perigone smaller than in the pre- ceding, 12/14" long.—HaB, Jamaica!, Nevis (B. subulifolia, Lind/.), 94. B. nodosa, Lindl. (R.). Leaf “channelled, lanceolate-acuminate ;” flowers few, large, corymbose ; perigonial divisions linear-acuminate, longer than their distance from the axis ; dtp ovate-roundish, long-cuspidate, entire, somewhat longer than the claw, the latter often serrulate.—Jacg. Amer. Pict. t. 218. Bot. Reg. 1840. ¢. 89.—Epidendrum, Jacg., Sw., L. (excl. syn. Si). Bletia,; G. Rehb. B. venosa, Lindl./: this I know not how to distinguish from B. nodosa, Bot. Reg.—Perigone much larger than in both preceding species, 2”~2%" long.—Has. Jamaica!, Macf., Pd., March, Bancr.; [Baru; Mexico to New Granada !]. . ° ** Scape terminal from an aerial tuber. 95. B. vomeriformis, G. Rehd. (in lit.) “ Leaf lanceolate-oblong, bluntish, keeled 3-quetrous, sessile upon a small aerial tuber, as long as the \-flowered scape ; flowers” . . - —Epidendrum, Sw. Bletia, G. Rehd.— Allied to B. pumilio, G. Rchb., whieh has ex- serted scapes; tubers scarcely 2!" long, approximate-serial; leaf 5/-6" long.”—Has. Ja- maica (Sw.), on trees. : 14, LASLIOPSIS, Lindi. Lip free, sessile, emarginate-subentire, convolute below, membranaceous. Pollinia 8.— Scape ferminal from an aerial tuber ; leaves leathery ; flowers corymbose, devoid of spa- thaceous bracts. 96. L. domingensis, Lindi. Tubers 1(-2)-leaved; leaf oblong-linear, bluntish, crenulate, much shorter than the scape; perigone pale-blue. divisions exterior lanceolate, interior elliptical-oblong ; lip little exserted, obovate, broadly emarginate, crispate-undulate : veins hairy within Cattleya, Lindl. Bletia, G. Rehd. /—14’-2' high; leaf 4-6”, perigone about 1} long —Has. Jamaica!, March, on trees; [Cuba!; Haiti !], 15. SCHOMBURGKIA, Lindi. Zip shortly adnate to the margin of the column at its base: lateral lobes or lower part convolute. Pollinia 8—Scape terminal from an aérial, fusiform tuber ; leaves fleshy- leathery ; flowers racemose; often crispate: bracts large, spathaceous. 97. S. carinata, Gr. (~. sp.), Leaves oblong, blunt; flowers variegated: bracts as long as the pedicels and ovary, spreading, sterile, appressed-sheathing ; perigonial divisions oblong, blunt, crispate, exceeding the lip; lip undivided, ovate-oblong, pointed, crispate at the margin, 5-£eeled within: keels straightish, narrow, entire, subequal, tapering above ; column 3-dentate at the summit, exceeded by the lip.—Habit of S. gloriosa (Bot. Mag. t. 8729) ; leaf 8" long, 14” broad; raceme 1, bracts 3", perigone 1” long, the latter densely spotted with purple (in drying)—Has, Jamaica!, Pd., S. Anns, on trees. 98. S. undulata, Lindi. Leaves lanceolate-oblong, rounded-bluut ; flowers violet- purple with a crimson-rosy lip : bracts exceeded at length by the ovary; perigonial divi- sions oblong-linear, bluntish, crispate, exceeding the lip ; dup 8-obed : lateral /obes roundish, . middle broadly clawed, ovate, bluntish, longitudinally {-crested: crests undulate ; column much shorter than the lip.—Bot. Reg. 1845. ¢. 53.—Bletia, @. Rchd.—4’ high; leaves 10-12" long, 2"-broad; bracts membranaceous, 14" long; perigone 14” long: divisions 3!"_4!" broad.—Has. Trinidad !, Bradf., uncommon, on trees; [Venezuela ; New Granada]. 16. BLETIA, 2&. P. Lip free, sessile, cucullate below its division, gibbous at the base, usually longitudinally crested within. Pollinia 8,—Tuber depressed, terrestrial, terminated by a tuft of plaited, eee. acuminate leaves ; scape lateral ; flowers racemose. 99, B. florida, R. Br. (B.). Leaves linear or linear-lanceolate (12-4 broad) ; flowers rosy (or white) with a white middle lobe of the lip; pertgontal divisions exterior ovate-lanceolate, with a bluntish point, éxterior ovate, bluntish ; lep 5-crested : middle lobe cuneate-roundish, crispate—Bot. Reg. t. 1401.—Scape 1/-2' high, simple; perigone 10"'-8"" long.—Has. Jamaica !, Wudéschl., on yocky soil; Trinidad! ; Crenegueli i Ss < 622 ORCHIDEZ, 100. B. purpurea, DC. Leaves. linear or linear-lanceolate (12!-4!" broad) ; flowers purplish-rosy with a crimson-purple middle lobe of the, lip; perigonial divisions subacute, - exterior ovate-lanceolate, interior ovate ; lip 7(-9)-crested: middle lobe cuneate-roundish, crispate.—fed. Lil. ii. ¢. 83: flower bad.—Scape few-branched or simple: proportions of the preceding.—Has. Bahamas !, Sioains. ’ . 101. B. verecunda, &. Br. Leaves linear-lanceolate (10'-12" broad) ; flowers purple; perigonial divisions. exterior ovate, pointed, interior oblong, blunt ; lip 5-crested : middle lobe broader than long, undulate.—Jacg. Ic. Rar. ¢. 602.—Limodorum altum, Jacg. | —Scape 2'-8' high, few-branched; perigone 10!’—-8'" long.—Has, Jamaica (Sw.); [Cuba . to Caribbean islands]. : 102. B. Shepherdii, Hook. Leaves lanceolate-oblong (2"-24" broad) ; flowers pur- ple ; perigonial divisions exterior ovate, pointed, interior oblong, bluntish ; lip 5-crested: middle lobe broader than long, crispate—Bot. Mag. ¢. 8319.—B. patula, Lindl. Pi. Wright.—Scape 3! high, simple or few-branched ; perigone 1~1}" long. —Has. Jamaica !,_ Dist. ; [Cuba]. 17. TETRAMICRA, Lindi. Lip free, sessile, expanded, 3-lobed. Pollinia 8.—Stem terrestrial: no tubers ; leaves narrow, rigid ; flowers racemose. 103. T. rigida, Lindl. (R.). Scape distantly sheathed, few-branched above or simple ; leaves few, half-cylindrical-linear, channelled, acuminate, recurved ; lip exserted, 3-partite : lateral segments spreading, ovate, middle large, obovate-roundish, 5-striate—Hamilt. Prodr. Icon. Bot. Mag. t. 3098.—Bletia, G. Rehb. Cyrtopodium elegans, Ham. (Bras- savola, Hook.).—1'-2' high, rigid; leaves 4”-8" long, 14’ broad; perigone 6’ long, greenish with a rosy, purple-striate lip.—Has. Antigua!, Néchols., Wullschi., on rocks ; Trinidad !, Bradf. ; [Haiti!; Désirade]. : 104, 'T. parvifiora, Lindl.! Scape distantly sheathed, simple, slender; leaves few, short, complicated, ob/ong-linear, pointed, much recurved, fleshy; Hp shortly exserted, deeply 3-fid, callous at the base: lateral lobes half-ovate-oblong, middle larger, ovate, bluntish.—Bletia, G. Rehd.—6"—-8" high ; leaves 6!”-10'" long, 2" broad; perigone 3" long.—Has. Jamaica!, Maef. 105. T. montana, Gr. Stem leafy above, distantly sheathed below, simple; eaves linear-lanceolate, acuminate, plaited-striate, flattish, sheathing at the base; raceme few- flowered ; Zp ovate-oblong, slightly 3-lobed above, crenulate: middle lobe shorter, ovate, blunt.— Bot. Mag. ¢. 2823.—Cymbidium, Sw. Bletia, G. Rchd. Octomeria serratifolia, Hook. !—1' high; leaves 2-3" long, 3!"-5" broad; perigone 5-6!" long, white, yel- lowish-variegated—Has. Jamaica!, Macf., Wils.; [Haiti!]. 18. PHAJUS, Lour. Lip shortly adnate to the base of the column, spurred, 3-lobed, or subentire. Pollinia 8.—Stem terrestrial ; leaves broad, plaited-chartaceous ; flowers large. 106. P. grandifolius, Zour. (R.). Scape distantly sheathed below ; leaves elliptical- oblong, pointed ; flowers in a loose raceme, white (Wud/schi.) ; perigonial divisions oblong- lanceolate, pointed ; lip obovate, obsoletely 3-lobed above, undulate: middle lobe retuse : spur short.—Bot. Mag. ¢. 1924,.—Bletia Tankervillie, 2..Br.—14’ high; perigone nearly 2" long, spreading.—Has. Jamaica!, Wudlschi., Al., rare : Bethany ; (trop. Asia to Hong- kong; trop. America]. 19. EVELYNA, Pepp., Endl. Lip free, sessile, convolute below, saccate at the base. Pol/inia 8, at length powdery : eaudicule very short.—Stem leafy: no aerial tubers ; leaves plaited-chartaceous ; flowers supported by large bracts, in terminal heads or spikes. 107. E. capitata, Pepp., Endi. (R.). Stem leafy to the summit; leaves oblong-lan- ceolate, acuminate, uppermost lanceolate; terminal head depressed-hemispherical : bracts imbricate, foliaceous, ovate-lanceolate, acuminate, about as long as the “ purple” flowers ; ORCHIDEA. 623 ‘lip obovate, emarginate.”—Papp. EndlN. Gen. t, 86.—Bletia, R. Br. Tleanthus, G. Reht.—1'-3' high, rigid; leaves 6-8" long, 1" broad; head 2” diam.—Has. Jamaica I. ' Macf., March, Don ; Trinidad |, Cr., on trees ; [Venezuela to Brazil! and Peru!). 108. E. longibracteata, Lindi. ! (in Herb. Hook.). Stem leafy to the summit ; leaves oblong-lanceolate or ovate-lanceolate, narrowly acuminate, few uppermost smaller, lanceolate; terminal spike oblong: bracts striate-scarious, ovate-subulate, spreading, ex- ceeding the flowers ; lip shortly 8-lobed: middle lobe deltoid, bluntish, recurved.—Allied to E. furfuracea, Lindl.—1'-2! high ; leaves 3-8" long, #-1}" broad ; bracts 10-6" long, pale-brown ; perigone 4"-3" long: divisions oblong: lip as long, convolute below the division, oblong, with 2 ovate-lanceolate calli at the base and 2 small, transverse crests at the origin of the lobes : lateral lobes roundish, all repand.-—Has, Jamaica!, Macf., March : Dominica !, Jmr. (broader-leaved, in fruit) ; [New Granada!; Ecuador !; Bolivia ‘). 20, ISOCHILUS, RB. Br:, G. Rehd. Lip spathulate-linear, free: claw incurved. Pollinia 6: 4 larger, 2 smaller sessile.— ae leafy above : no aérial tubers; leaves striate, flat ; flowers in a terminal, one-sided spike. 109. Z. linearis, 2. Br. (Z., B.). Leaves linear, emarginate-blunt ; flowers purple: bracts ovate-lanceolate, bluntish.— Jacg. Amer. Pict. t. 201.—Slender, 1'-12! high ; leaves distichous, 13", perigone 3-4!" long—Has. Jamaica!, all coll., on rocks and trees, common ; Dominica!, Jmr., S. Vincent !, Guild. ; Trinidad!, Sch.; [Cuba! and Mexico! to South Brazil !]. 21. HEXADESMIA, Brongn. Lip spathulate or obovate, free from the column: claw produced at the incurved base, cohering with the base of the perigone. Pollinia 6, subequal: caudicule of the 2 anterior ones very short.—Stem 1—few-leaved : aérial tuber narrow, fusiform ; flowers fascicled or racemose. 110. HZ. fusiformis, Gr. Stem ascending: internodes single or few, each fusiform, with a single, suberect leaf at its summit ; leaves linear, emarginate-bluut, striate; peduncle terminal, short, enclosed by a membranaceous, oblong bract: flowers few, fascicled ; perigo- ‘nial divisions oblong-lanceolate, pointed, interior broader ; lip undivided, spathulate, repand- subtruncate at the summit.—Isochilus, Lindl., e Trinidad, sec. Bradf. (excl. pl. cult. ap. Lindl., sive Epidendr. fusiformi, G. Rchb.” sec. G. Rehb. in lit.).—6"-8" high (the leaf in- cluded) ; internodes 13-2", leaves 4-5" long, the latter 2!-8" broad; bracts 6!”-8'", perigone 3” long, its divisions erect, equalling the lip—Has. Trinidad!, Cr, Bradf. ; Maracas, Maraval. 22. PONERA, Lindl. Lip spathulate or oblong, free from the column: claw cohering with the produced base of the perigone. Pollinia 4: caudicule 2.—Stem xarrow-leaved ; flowers axillary, fascicled, or glomerate. 111. P. prolifera, G Rchs. Stems flexuose, devoid of aérial tubers, or slightly fusi- form at the base; leaves linear, bluntish, obliquely emarginate, spreading, 2 uppermost ap- proximate ; flowers glomerate at the leaved or aphyllous nodes; “perigonial divisions lanceolate, blunt; lip obcordate.”—Bot. Reg. t. 825.—Cymbidium, Sw. Isochilus, 2. Br, —Stem 6/12", leaves 13/'-1" long, the latter 2”-broad ; flowers small, “ purple or white. —Has. Jamaica (Sv.), on trees, in the mountains; [Guiana !]. 28. HEXISEA, Lindl. Lip adnate to the base of the column and “of the perigone.” Pollinia 4, “ devoid of caudicule.”—Stem rigid, ascending, narrow-leaved ; flowers in few-flowered, contracted , ‘terminal, or axillary racemes. 112. EX. reflexa, G. Rchd./ Stems hanging-proliferous, cylindrical, 1-leaved at their ‘divisions; leaves rigid, thickish, narrowly linear-acuminate, channelled, much longer than 624 ORCHIDES. the internodes ; flowers in short, subsessile, contracted racemes at the axils, whitish : pedi- cels concealed by membranaceous bractlets; perigonial divisions pointed, exterior oblong- linear, interior linear ; lip recurved, obovate, emarginate, 8-callous ; column 3-dentate at the summit.—Stems at length 8’-10! long ( Bradf.), hanging from the branches of high trees; leaves 6/"-10"" long, scarcely 1 broad; racemes 8"”—10" long, subcylindrical (or reduced to a single flower); perigone 2" long.—Has, Trinidad!, Cr., Bradf., very common ; [Guiana !, Kegel, 1422]. Trine IL. VANDEH.—Pollinaria wary, attached to a separable stigmatic gland. Anther of Malaxidee.—Vegetation usually aerial. 24, NANODES, Lindl. “ Lip adnate to the column, and cohering with the exterior lateral perigonial divisions, Pollinaria 4, sessile on the gland.”—Stem low, leafy : no tubers ; leaves fleshy-coriaceous, distichous ; flowers sessile, terminal, 113. N. discolor, Lind!.—Bot. Reg. t. 1541.—The Trinidad species, though agreeing with the figure, must still be verified, our specimens being in fruit.—Czspitose, creeping, 1-8" long; leaves ovate-oblong, emarginate-blunt, sheathing, spreading, about 8! long, densely approximate; flowers small, “ violet,” solitary (or geminate)—Has. Trinidad !, Cr., Las Cuevas; [Brazil]. 25. LOCKHARTIA, Hook. Lip free, 3-lobed: perigonial divisions free. Column 2-auricled at the sammit: pollinaria 2, clavate, sessile on the gland—Stem Jeafy: no tubers ; leaves equitant-distichous, imbri- cate ; inflorescence axillary. 114. L. acuta, G. Rchb. Leaves ovate-lanceolate, acuminate, flat-compressed ; cymes dichotomous, spreading, exserted, confined to one or few of the uppermost axils: bracts cordate-deltoid ; lateral lobes of the lip deltoid-dentiform, middle emarginate.—Bot. Reg. ¢. 1806.—Pernandezia, Lind/.—Stem 1'~-14! long, pendulous ; leaves 8'’—10", perigone 2!” long, the latter yellowish-white—Has. Trinidad!, Brad/.; (Venezuela). 115. L. elegans, Hook. Leaves ovate-lanceolate, bluntish, flat-compressed ; peduncles 2-1-flowered, exserted : bracts cordate-deltoid ; lobes of the lip lateral short, middle oblong, blunt : “tubercles of its disk numerous.”—Bot. Mag. ¢. 2715.—Femandezia, Lindl.— 4!-14! long; leaves $”-14", perigone 2” long, the latter yellow with purple spots.—Has. Trinidad !, Cr., Bradf.; [Veraguas!; Venezuela !; Brazil]. 26. DICHAA, Lindl. Lip free, undivided : perigonial divisions free, connivent. Column naked: “ pollinaria 4: caudicule cuneate, gland minute.”—Stem leafy : no tubers ; leaves equitant-distichous, spreading ; flowers solitary, axillary. 116. D. echinocarpa, Lindl. Leaves approximate, oblong, cuspidate-acute ; “lip sagittate-oblong ;” capsule ovoid, pilose-muricate : its pedicel much shorter than the leaf— Aubl. t, 322,—Cymbidium, Sw. Limodorum pendulum, Aws?—Pendulous or decumbent ; leaves 8-10" long; flowers “ pale-yellow, with a blue lip, 3" long.—Has. Jamaica!, all coll., on trees and rocks among mosses ; [Cuba ! to South Brazil !). 117. D. muricata, Lindi. (R.). Leaves approximate, oblong, mueronate-blunt or rounded at the summit; capsule half-obovate-oblong, pilose-muricate : its pedicel about half as long as the leaf—Cymbidium, Sw.—Suberect or scandent ; leaves 6!’-8'" long; flowers “larger than in the preceding ” (Sw.), a, Leaves mucronate-blunt ; pedicels shorter than half the leaf. : ‘ a ae Lindl. Leaves rounded at the little mucronate point ; pedicels little exceeded y the leaf. Has. Jamaical, all coll. (a, 8); Dominical, Jmr. (8), S. Vincent !, Guild. (8); [Cubal to French islands I]. 3 318. D. trichocarpa, Lind. Leaves oblong-linear, pointed, recurved ; “lip concave, ORCHIDES. 625 roundish ;” capsule ovoid-globose, muricate-pilose: its pedicel little exceeded by the leaf.— Cymbidium, Sw. 1D. squarrosa, Lindl. in Pl. Wright.—Radicant, pendulous; leaves 4!"'— 6" long, 2" broad ; flowers 14!" long.—Has. Jamaica (Sw.) ; [Cubal]. 119. D. graminea, Gr. Leaves linear-lanceolate, pointed, spreading ; lip sagittate- roundish ; capsule ovoid, glabrous, smooth: its pedicel about half as long as the leaf.—Sw. Adnot. t.1.f.1.—D. graminoides, Lindl. ! (Cymbidium, Sw., Isochilus, Hook. !).—Diffuse, ascending, low, 4"-6" high ; leaves 6"""-12"" long, 2” broad ; flowers 2!'-3" long, “‘ whitish.” —Has. Jamaica!, Pd., on trees, Moorce’s Gap; S. Vincent!, Guéld.; Trinidad !, Cr., Bradf., common on mossy branches, in cool, damp woods; [Guiana !]. 120. D. glauca, Lind?.! Leaves linear-oblong, mucronate-blunt, glaucous beneath ; lip sagittate-reniform, broadly clawed, exceeded by the perigone; capsule elliptical-oblong, gabrous, smooth, 8-gonal, much exceeded by the leaves—Stouter than all the preceding species, 1/2! high, erect, simple; leaves 14-2" long, 4!-6!" broad; flowers 6! long, whitish— Has. Jamaica!, Maef., ou trees, in the upper region of the Blue Mountains; {Cuba!; Mexico !]. 3 27, AERANTHRS, Lindi. Zep jointed with the base of the column,-spurred: perigonial divisions distinct. Column short : pollinaria 2: caudicule as many, distinet.—Leafy or aphyllous epiphytes : no tubers ; inflorescence azillary or on radical scapes. 121. A. micrantha, G. Rehd.! Stem leafy, pendulous-radicaut ; eaves distichous, oblong, blunt, obliquely emarginate, exceeding the axillary, sessile, many-flowered spikes: flowers one-sided, white ; perigonial divisions oblong-lanceolate, bluntish, spreading at the summit ; lip conform, except at the cucullate, subulate base, channelled, little longer than the curved, thickish, bluntly clavate spur—Bot. Reg. t. 1772.—Angrecum, Lindl.—G. Rehb. (¢z Ht.) distinguishes the Jamaica form (A. jamuicensis, ej.) by the leaves, thicker and devoid of transverse veinlets, and other characters, which from our materials do not prove constant. Stem a few inches to several feet long; leaves at length leathery, 14-3" Jong, sheathing, about 8" distant from each other; spikes single or fascicled, 1" long, re- curved ; perigone 2" long.—Has. Jamaica!, Pd., M‘Nab, on trees; Trinidad!, Bradf., very common, in dry, open places; [Venezuela!, Guiana!; Sierra Leone (Lindl.)]. 122. A. filiformis, Gr. Stemless, aphyllous ; peduncles radical, fascicled, short; spike loose, many (—few)-flowered: flowers small, “ yellow ;” perigonial divisions ovate-lanceolate, pointed; Zp conform, as long as or little longer than the broadly clavate, thickish, at length reflexed-ascending spur—Sw. Adnot. t. 1. f. 2.—Limodorum, Sw. Angrecum, Lindl.—Stem reduced to a scaly knob at the origin of the shortly peduncled spikes, the latter 14-2" long, their axis slender, somewhat puberulous. aerial roots fascicled, much longer than the bundle of spikes; flowers distichous, about 1” distant from each other: perigone 1" long or less.—Has. Jamaica!, M‘Nab, Pd., Wils., on calabash- and logwood-trees ; Trinidad !, Bradf., on calabash-trees, rare ; [Haiti; New Granada '). 123. A. funalis, G. Rchd.! Aphyllous: aerial roots stout, fascicled ; scapes distantly sheathed, few-flowered : flowers large, pedicellate, greenish-white; perigonial divisions ob- long-lanceolate, spreading ; lip difform, roundish above the contracted base, 2-/obed, with rounded, spreading lobes, about half as long as the subulate-filiform, straight-descending spur.—Bot. Mag. t. 4295.—Limodorum, Sw. Angraecum, Lindl. Ciceoclades, Lindt. —Roots often several feet, scape 1-4", perigone 6” long; lip 8! broad, white—-Has. Jamaica!, Pd., Wils., ‘Nab, on trees. 28. ORNITHIDIUM, Salisé. Lip ascending, cucullate, continuous (rarely jointed) with the base of the column : perigo- nial divisions erect-spreading. Column naked, autrorsely gibbous: pollinaria 4, caudiculee oblong or linear, gland minute.—Stem ascending or radicant, branched, sheathed by unbri- cate-distichous scales, distantly leaved : aerial tubers 1-phyllous ; flowers axillary. * Flowers glomerate. 124, O. vestitum, G. Rckd.! Tubers oblong, truncate, compressed ; /eaves oblong- A 626 ORCHIDE. linear, acuminate, with a bluntish point ; flowers glomerate, “‘ white ;” perigonial divisions erect-spreading, ovate, blunt ; lip ovate, blunt, obsoletely 3-lobed : blade abruptly clawed, longer than the continuous claw: basilar callus transverse, not produced to the margin.— Cymbidium, Sw. (see. G. Rchd., who compared Swartz’s original). Camaridium imbricatum, Lindl, in Herb. Hook. . parviflorum, G. Rehb./—Stout, woody ; scales appressed-sheath- ing, ovate, pointed, 4/’-6" long, gradually, enlarged towards the tubers, the latter 1-13" long; leaves 6-8" long, 10!"-12'" broad ; flowers in dense clusters near the summit ofthe — branches; perigone 2’’-3/" long, not exceeding the lanceolate-acuminate bract.—Has. Ja- maica!, Pd., Wuilschi., on rocks above Radnor, on old trees, Manchester; [Venezuela !]. 125. O. confertum, Gr. Tubers elliptical-oblong, compressed ; Jeaves linear-acumi- nate ; flowers glomcrate, white- and purple-variegated ; perigonial divisions erect-spreading, bluntish, exterior ovate, interior oblong; dip deltoid, bluntish: blade contracted into the jointed claw, as long as it: basilar callus transverse, excurrent to the margin.—Cama- ridium vestitum, Zindl.! (Pl. Wright.).—A few inches-l! high; scales appressed, ovate, pointed, 4’” long, except the large ones around the tubers ; tubers 8”'-12" leaves 8-5" long, the latter chartaceous-flat, 3!"-5"" broad ; flowers in dense, distant clusters : perigone 2" long, little exserted from the bract.—Has. Trinidad!, Bradf., not uncommon ; [Cuba ¥]. ** Flowers fascicled, long-pedicellate. 126. ©. coccineum, Salish. (R.). Stem low, sheathed with distichons scales below : tubers oval or roundish, compressed ; /eaves approximate, linear-lanceolate, blunt, obliquely emarginate; flowers crimson, long-pedicellate, fascicled, nodding; perigonial divisions spreading, ovate-lanceolate, pointed ; lip undivided, ovate-oblong, bluntish, contracted above the broadly obovate, coneave, continuous base.—Jacg. Amer. Pict. t. 205.— Epidendrum, Jaeg. Cymbidium, Sw.—Leaves 6!-12" long, 8"—10'”" broad; perigone 4" long.—HaB. Jamaica (Sw.) ; Dominica!, Imr., S. Vincent !, Gui/d.; [French islands !]. 29. MAXILLARIA, 2. P. Inp jointed with the produced, claw-like base of the column; eucullate: perigonial divi- sions exterior lateral adhering to the column at their oblique base. Column narrow, ascend- ing: pollinaria 4, incumbent or two posterior adhering to the anterior ones: caudicula short: gland semilunar.—Stem elongated or reduced, usually with aerial tubers. Sect. 1. Eumaxritaria, Lind?.—Flowers single, avillary.—Stem scaly and leafy; leaves chartaceous or leathery, not plaited. 127. M. alba, Zindi./ Stem compressed, leafy at the summit: scales distichous-im- bricate, pointed: tubers oval-oblong, compressed, 1-Jeaved ; leaves oblong-linear, compli- cate-keeled, bluntish, leathery-chartaceous ; flowers white, exserted ; perigonial divisions ob- loug-lanceolate, acuminate with a bluntish point, spreading-erect, striate; Jip obsoletely 3- lobed: middle lobe ovate, bluntish: callus single, longitudinal.—Leaves $"—-18" long, 8!’— 10" broad; perigone 10/’-8'” long—Has. Jamaica!, March ; Trinidad!, Bradf., uncom- mon on trees; [Cuba! to Guiana]. 128. M. crassifolia, G. Rehb. (L.) Stem reduced, few-scaly ; tubers few or wanting, 1-leaved ; leaves rosulate, oblong-linear, bluntish, leathery, keeled, complicate towards the base only ; flowers “ yellow,”’ exserted ; perigonial divisions oblong-lanceolate, acuminate, with a bluntish point, erect, striate; Lp obsoletely 3-lobed: middle lobe ovate-oblong, blunt: callus single.—Bot. Reg. ¢. 1028.—Heterotaxis, Lindl. Dicrypta Baueri, Lindl — Longest leaves 13/ long, 9’-10" broad ; perigone 6!"-8" long.—Has. Jamaica!, M'Nab ; [Cuba ! to Venezuela]. 129. ML. (?) inflexa, Gr. “ Stem elongated, somewhat branched: tubers 2-leaved ; leaves unequal, leathery, ob/ong, channelled at the base ; flowers single ; perigonial divisions ovate, pointed; Kp 3-lobed: lateral lobes falcate-inflexed, middle roundish, tubereled at the base.” —Camaridium, Lindl. (Aun, Nat. Hist. 5. 116).—* Leaves about 2" long.’—Has. Dominica (Lindi.). Sect. 2. Xynopium, Lendl.— Inflorescence radical—Stem redueeda leaves plaited. 180. M. rufescens, Lindl.! Scape 1-flowered, few-sheathed, as long as the 1-leaved, ORCHIDER. 627 oval-oblong tubers; eaves lanceolate-oblong, pointed, or with a bluntish point, complicate towards the base, chartaceous ; flower yellow, brownish-spotted chiefly on the lip; perigo- nial divisions lanceolate-oblong, somewhat pointed, spreading; ip 38-fid, longitudinally callous from the base to the division : lateral lobes small, middle oblong, blunt, or retuse.— Bot. Reg. t. 1848,—Leaves 8!'~12" long, 15!"-20'" broad ; perigone 8-10’ long,— Has. Trinidad !, Bradf., common; [Cuba!; Venezuela]. 131. M. palmifolia, Lindi. Scape about as long as the oblong-lanceolate, 1-leaved tubers ; leaves oblong, pointed, tapering into a slender petiole, membranaceous-chartaceous ; flowers in a short, peduncled raceme, white ; periyonial divisions exterior oblong-lanceolate, acuminate, spreading, lateral saccate at the base, interior shorter ; lip obsoletely 3-lobed, longitudinally plaited-callous below : lateral lobes small, middle broadly oblong, blunt or re- tuse.— Bot. Reg. ¢. 1549.—Dendrobium, Sw. M. decolor, Lindl.—Scape 3-5", leaves 12"-15” long, the latter 14-2" broad ; raceme 8-12-flowered:: perigone 10" long.—Has. Jamaica!, Wudllschl., on trees; Dominica!, Imr.; Trinidad!, Bradf., not uncommon. 182. M. pallidifiora, Hook. (Z.). Scape exceeding the lanceolate, 1-leaved tubers ; leaves oblong, pointed, tapering into a slender petiole, membranaceous-chartaceous ; flowers in a short, peduncled raceme, greenish-yellow, with a whitish lip ; perigonial divisions lan- ceolate-linear, blunt, exterior spreading, lateral saccate at the base, interior nearly as long ; lip ovate-oblong, blunt, “longitudinally plaited-callous below.”—Bot. Reg. ¢. 2806.— Nearly allied to the preceding, but stouter, leaves 8” broad—Has. 8. Vincent!, Gadld. ; [Cuba!]. . 80. CAMARIDIUM, Lindi. Character of Mazillaria, but pollinaria 4, collateral, and lip with 2 large, distinct calli.— Habit of Zumazillaria. 133. C. ochroleucum, Lindi. (R.) Stem compressed, pendulous or short, leafy at the summit: scales distichous-imbricate, oblong: tubers oval-oblong, compressed, 1-leaved ; leaves oblong-linear, blunt, obliquely emarginate, chartaceous, keeled ; flowers whitish, ex- serted ; perigonial divisions spathulate-oblong ; lip 3-lobed ; lateral lobes small, middle ovate or roundish : calli longitudinal, dissolved into bristles below.—Bot. Reg. t. 844.—Cymbi- dium, Lind. Ornithidium album, Hook. (Bot. Mag. t. 3806) : a form with larger flowers. —Habit of Mazillaria alba, often! long ; leaves 4”-8" long, 3'"—6" broad ; perigone vari- able in size, 6-12!" long.—Has. Trinidad!, Or., Bradf., very common, on old trees ; (Venezuela, Guiana]. 31. LYCASTE, Lindl. Character of Mazillaria, but caudicula long, linear, gland small, roundish.—Scape 1- flowered, lateral to aerial tubers ; leaves platted ; flowers large. 134, Ls. Barringtoniee, Lindi. Tubers elliptical-oblong, 2-3-leaved ; scape about as long as the petioles ; leaves oblong, pointed, tapering into aslender petiole ; flowers nodding, greenish : uppermost bract exceeding the ovary ; perigonial divisions ovate oblong, pointed, lateral cohering and forming a bluntly conical, spur-like auricle; lip smaller: middle lobe ovate-oblong, blunt, ciliate—Bot. Reg. ¢. 1206.—Epidendrum, Sw. Mazxillaria, Lodd. L, ciliata, Lindl. !: this from dry specimens I know not how to distinguish, but by larger flowers, but G. Rehb. informs me that the middle lobe of its lip is more concave.—Scape 6", leaves 14/-2', perigone 14-24" long.—Has. Jamaica!, Pd., Macf., Wullschi., on rocks and trees ; [Cuba !]. 32, PAPHINIA, Lindi. “ Character of Mazillaria, but caudicula long, clavate-linear, gland small, deltoid ; column Q-auricled at the summit; lip fringed at the summit and claw.” —“ Scape Sewflowered, hanging, lateral to aerial tubers ; leaves plaited ; flowers large, expanded. 135. P. cristata, Lindl. (Bot. Reg. t. 1811). “ Tubers ovate, JAeaved ; leaves Jan- ceolate-oblong or elliptical-oblong, pointed, tapering at the base, 4 '-5" long: scape as long, Q-flowered ; perigone purple- and white-variegated : divisions ovate-obloug, pointed, 13’ long: lip smaller, shortly clawed, deeply 3-fid, and middle lobe 3-fid again. —Has. Trini- dad (Zindl,) ; [Guiana]. 628 ORCHIDER. 83. BIFRENARIA, Lindl. Character of Marillaria, but caudicule 2, distinct, linear.—Scape lateral to aerial tubers ; flowers expanded. 136. B. aurantiaca, Lindl. Tubers roundish, sub-4-gonal, 1-2-leaved ; leaves plaited, elliptical-oblong, pointed, contracted into a short petiole, as long as or exceeded by the scape; flowers racemose, yellow, orange-spotted; perigonial divisions ovate or oblong, pointed ; lip 3-partite above the claw: lateral lobes rounded, middle broader than long, rounded-subtrun- cate, 2-callons at the base —Bot. Reg. ¢. 1875.—Scape 8-12", leaves 6-8", perigone 6” long.—Has. Trinidad!, Bradf., uncommon; [Guiana]. 34. GOVENIA, Lindi. Lip jointed with the produced base of the column, channelled below : perigoniat divisions exterior lateral adhering to the column at their tapering base. Column winged : “ pollinaria of Marillaria, caudicula short, gland small, deltoid.”—Scape derrestrial, lateral to the leaves ; flowers in a loose spike. 187. G. utriculata, Lindl.! Leaves plaited, elliptical-oblong, pointed, geminate from a sheathed, fusiform tuber, exceeded by the scape; flowers subdistant, nodding, white; bracts as long as the ovary; perigonial divisions lanceolate, bluntish, connivent-falcate ; lip ovate-oblong, pointed, recurved.— Jacq. Fragm. t. 32. f.4. Bot. Mag. t.4151.—Cym- bidium, Sw. Limodorum, S2.—Scape 14/-2', leaves 8-12" or more, perigone 6” long.— Has. Jamaica!, Macf., Pd., Wullschl., in moist woods; (Cuba! to Venezuela]. 138. G. limbata, Gr. Leaves leathery, oblong, bluntish, tapering at the complicated base; flowers distant: Sracts minute, much shorter than the ovary; perigonial dwisions linear, blunt, spreading, lateral exterior recurved-spreading ; Up 3-loded, cucullate below the divisions, fleshy-callous within ; middle lobe oblong, blunt, somewhat recurved ; column channelled-winged.—Cymbidium, Hook. /—The structure of the pollinaria is still unknown, the species having been described from a single, imperfect specimen. Leaf (a single is ex- tant) 12” long, 22" broad: spike as long ; perigone 10’ long.— Ha. Trinidad !, Shepherd. 35. POLYSTACHYA, Hook. Lip jointed with the produced, claw-like base of the column, flattish, 3-lobed: perigonial divisions exterior lateral broadly adnate to the column. Column low, naked: “ pollinaria 4, collateral: caudicula setaceous, gland minute.”—Stem J/eaved below or at the base ; flowers small, in compound or simple terminal spikes. 139. P. luteola, Hook.! Stem few-ieaved above the narrowly tuberous base ; /eaves oblong-linear or lanceolate-oblong, bluntish, slightly recurved, exceeded by the stem ; spikes usually compound, lateral short, subsessile : flowers greenish-yellow, glabrous; lip 3-lobed to the middle: lateral lobes bluntish, middle obovate-trapezoid, undulate: callus produced from the base to the division.— Plum. Ed. Burm. t. 185. f. 1.—Cranichis, Sw,: Swartz's species is doubtfully referred by G. Rehb, to his P. extinctoria, a Jamaica form unknown to myself—6"-12" high; leaves 4-6", perigone 2!, ovary 4!” long.—Has. Jamaica!, Porat Pd., Wullschi., on trees aud rocks;,Domiuica!, Jmr.; [Cuba! to Guiana! and eru!]. 140. BP. foliosa, G. Rchb. Stem few-leaved at the base; eaves linear, bluntish, re- curved, equalling or exceeding the scape ; spikes slender, lateral short, distant ; lip shortly 3-lobed, callous at the base: middle lobe furfuraceous,—Stelis, Hook. P. Weigelti, G. Rchb. |—2!"-5" high : leaves 2!"(—4/"') broad ; perigone 1", ovary 2" long —Han. Jamaica! Wulischl., Trinidad !, Pd., [Guiana !}. 86. ZYGOPETALUM, Hook. Lip continuous or slightly jointed with the shortly produced base of the column, dilated, concave below : perigonial divisions spreading, exterior lateral and 2 interior adhering to the column. Co/uwmn naked or margined above : pollinaria 4, incumbent, the posterior often ORCHIDER. 629 adhering to the anterior ones: caudicula broad : gland deltoid-rhomboid.—Stem short, de- void of tubers, terrestrial ; leaves rosulate, plaited ; peduncles single in the lower axils, exserted: flowers large. = 141. %. cochleare, Lind?, Leaves oblong, pointed, tapering at the base, execeding the \-flowered peduncles ; flower nodding, whitish, with a blue, variegated lip; perigonial divisions ovate, pointed ; Zip cordate-subguadrate, emarginate at the broadly rounded sum- mit, cristate at the base by a broadly reniform, longitudinally many-plaited callus ; column slender.— Bot. Reg. t. 1857.—Warszewiczella, G. Rehb. Cymbidium flabellifolium, Sz. (Zygopetalum, @. Rchd.).—Leaves 6"-10", peduucles 3", perigone about 1” long. —Has. Jamaica (Sw.); Trinidad !, Bradf. ; [Venezuela to Brazil]. 142. Z. brachystalix, G. Rchb. “ Leaves lanceolate, acuminate, 3-nerved below; flowers racemose: raceme long, long-peduncled ; perigonial divisions oblong, pointed ; dp shortly clawed, rhomboid-obtuse-angled, minutely cordate at the base: callus basilar, semz- lunar, platted ; column very short.””—Has. Trinidad (G. Rehé.). 37. STENIA, Lindi. 4p continuous with the produced, claw-like base of the column, dilated, ventricose: pe- rigonial divisions spreading, exterior free, 2 interior adhering to the column. Column as- cending, margined: pollinia 4, incumbent, the posterior much smaller: caudicula short, dilated: gland deltoid.—Stem reduced, devoid of tubers, terrestrial; leaves rosulate, plaited ; peduncles single in the axils of supraradical sheaths, short, \-flowered. 143. S. pallida, Lindl. (Bot. Reg. 24. ¢. 20). Leaves lanceolate-oblong, pointed, tapering into a short petiole, 3-7" long; peduncle 14” long, bracteate below the ovary; | perigone “‘yellowish-white,” 8" long: divisions ovate, pointed, exterior lateral oblique at the base: lip as long, sessile at the summit of the slender appendage of the column, hemi- spherical-ventricose, contracted into a short, deltoid epichilium.—Has. Trinidad!, Bradf. ; [Guiana]. , 38, CQLIA, Lindi. Ltp continuous with the little-produced column, concave at the base, entire: perigonial divisions spreading, free. Column low, naked: “ pollinaria 8.” Ovary winged.—Scape lateral to the several-leaved aerial tubers, in the axils of supraradical sheaths ; leaves plaited ; flowers racemose. 144. C. triptera, Dox. Leaves lanceolate-linear, much longer than the short scape ; flowers whitish : bracts as long as the ovary; perigonial divisions bluntish, exterior ovate- oblong, interior lanceolate; lip ovate-oblong, bluatish, “callous at the margin.”—Bot. Reg. 28. ¢. 36.—Cymbidium, Sw. ‘C. Banerana, Lindd. /—Sevape 3-4", leaves 1’, perigoue 3!" long.—HaB. Jamaica (Sw.) ; [Cuba !]. 89, TRIGONIDIUM, Lindl. Lip “jointed with the shortly produced base of the column, channelled—3-lobed :” perigo- nial divisions 3 exterior connate at the base, 2 interior smaller, free. ‘‘ Column naked: pol- linaria 4, incumbent, sessile on a semilunar gland, 2 posterior smaller.”—Scape or pe- duncle 1-2-flowered, distantly sheathed ; leaves leathery. 145. T. monophyllum, Gr. (x. sp.). Leaf single, lanceolate-linear, obliquely emargi- nate at the bluntish summit, exceeded by the 2~1-flowered peduncle; perigonial divisions exterior obovate-oblong, mucronulate-bluntish, interior shorter, blunt, a3 long as the lip.— Of this plant there are two specimens in Herb. Hook., named “ Zrigonidium” in the hand- writing of Dr. Lindley: the flowers are well preserved, but could not be analysed without destroying them. The species seems to approach 7. obtusum, Lindl. (Bot. Reg. t. 1928), but the flowering stem is ]-leaved above its slender base, devoid of aerial tubers, the leaf is much narrower, 4” long, 4-5" broad; exterior perigone spreading, divisions 9” long, united at the base-—Has. Jamaica!, Baner. 630 ORCHIDES. ‘40. CYRTOPERA, Lindl. Lip jointed with the produced base of the column, ventricose-8-lobed : perigonial divisions ascending, exterior lateral and 2 interior adhering to the column. Column ascending, mar- gined: “ pollinaria 4, incumbent, the posterior adhering to the anterior ones: caudicula short, nearly deltoid.”—Root terrestrial: no tubers ; scape lateral to the stem; leaves plaited ; flowers racemose. 146. C. Wroodfordii, Lindl. (R.). Stout; leaves lanceolate-oblong, or lanceolate, pointed, inserted at the summit of a fusiform stem; raceme many-flowered : bract linear- acuminate; perigonial divisions lanceolate, or oblong; lip 2-callous: lateral lobes short, middle flattish, ovate-oblong, rounded.—Bot. Reg. ¢. 1508.—Scape 2/-4’, leaves 14’—2' long ; flowers “white witha yellow spot on the lip” (Cr.), but green with a purple lip in the figure quoted: perigone 8!-10" long.—Has. Jamaica !, Pd., Dist., Wulischl. ; Dominica !, Imr. ; “Trinidad !, Cr. ; [French islands! to Guiana! and Brazil !], 41. CYRTOPODIUM, R. Br. Lip clawed, continuous with the produced base of the column, incurved—3-lobed : perigo-. -nial divisions free, spreading. ‘‘ Pollinaria 2, dorsally furrowed: caudicula short, linear, gland ovate.”—Root terrestrial ; scape lateral to the leaved, fleshy stem, or tufts of plaited leaves ; flowers panicled, or racemose. 147. C. Andersonii, R. Br.- Scape panicled, as high as the leaved, fusiform stem; “ leaves oblong-lanceolate, acuminate ;” flowers yellow: bracts oblong, about as long as the pedicel ; perigonial divisions broadly elliptical, flattish, at length wavy; Hp callous above the claw ; lobes rounded, middle broader, but shorter than the lateral ones, crenulate at the summit; colamn naked.—Bot. Reg. 27. ¢. 8.—Oncidium comosum, Papp. Cub. !—2'-3! high ; perigonial divisions 10'"-8" long.— Has. S. Vincent; Trinidad !, Lockh. ; [Cuba! to Brazil !]. The allied C. punctatum, Lindl. (Cymbidium trinerve, Mey. Esseq. /), has greenish-white, spotted flowers, with an emarginate, larger middle lobe of the lip: it has been found in Haiti, but not yet in the British islands. 148. C. cristatum, Lindl, (ex descr.). Scape simple, racemose, exceeding the tuft of’ leaves, the latter /anceolate-linear, acuminate; bracts minute, cucullate-subulate, much shorter than the pedicel; perigonial divisions elliptical, bluntish, flattish ; Lip transversely crested at the origin of the rounded, entire, reflexed middle lobe, deeply concave between the broad crest and the claw: lateral lobes ovate, blunt, much narrower than the middle one ; column broadly winged at the summit.—Scape 13’ high; leaves 8-12" long, 67-8!" broad ; perigone 6” long; crest fleshy, transversely oblong —Has. Trinidad!, Cr., Aripo ; [Guiana]. 42. GONGORA, R. P. Lip clawed, continuous with the produced, claw-like base of the column, constricted at the middle, furnished with lateral appendages: perigonial divisions spreading, 2 exterior lateral free, superior and 2 interior distantly mserted into the column. Column ascending, clavate, naked: “pollinaria 2, linear: caudicula linear, gland minute.’—Scape lateral to aerial . tubers ; leaves plaited ; flowers racemose. 149. G. atropurpurea, Hook. ! Tuber costate, 2-leaved ; leaves broadly lanceolate- oblong, exceeded by the scape; raceme loose: flowers brown; perigonial divisions oblong- lanceolate, acuminate; hypochilium cuneate, with long, marginal, recurved horns and smaller appendages : epichilium laterally compressed, subulate.—Bot. Mag. ¢. 3220.— Scape 2/, leaves 1’, flowers about 1" long.—Has. Trinidad!, Shepherd ; [Guiana]. 43, STANHOPEA, Hook. * Lip sessile, continuous with the column, fleshy, usually jointed at the middle and fur- nished with lateral appendages: perigonial divisions spreading, free. Column winged above: pollinaria -2, linear: caudicula cuneate (or none): gland minute—Scape Jateral to aerial tubers, few-flowered ; leaves plaited ; flowers large.” a ORCHIDE. 631 150. S. grandiflora, Lindi. “Scape short, erect ; lip oblong, as long as the perigone: hypochilium roundish, with 2 horns: epichilium ovate, pointed, half as long as the solid, flat-convex, obsoletely 3-dentate middle part.””—“ Flowers 6” diam., when expanded, white, and crimson on the lower part of the lip.”—Has. Trinidad (Zind.). 44, CATASETUM, Rich. Lip free, sessile, fleshy : perigonial divisions usually connivent, free. Column 2-cirrhous (except in 2 flowers): “ pollinaria 2: caudicula large: gland thickish.”’—Scape radical ; leaves plaited ; flowers large, racemose, polygamous. 151. C. tridentatum, Hook.! Leaves “ oblong-lanceolate, acuminate ;” perigone *‘greenish- and purple-variegated, compressed, connivent”’: divisions ovate, or ovate-oblong, pointed ; dp saccate-cucullate, 3-dentate at the summit.— Bot. Mag. t. 8829: 38. Bot. Reg. t. 1752: 9 (Monachanthus viridis, Lindl.).—-Flowers 14" loug.—Haz. Trinidad, according to cultivated specimens introduced from that island; [Guiana, Brazil]. 152. C. trifidum, Hook, ! Leaves oblong-lanceolate, shortly acuminate ; raceme cer- nuous; perigone “ greenish, purple-dotted,” converging from a spreading base: divisions lanceolate, pointed ; dip flat, 3-fid, exceeded by the perigone.— Bot. Mag. ¢. 3262.—Myan- thus cernnus, Lindl. (Catasetwm, G. Rehb.).—Flowers 14" long.— Has. Trinidad, according to cultivated specimens introduced from that island; [Brazil]. 45. ONCIDIUM, Sw. Lip continuous with and spreading from the tumid base of the column, usually exserted- flattish, lobed: perigonial divisions spreading, free, or the exterior lateral cohering. Column low, winged at the summit: pollinaria 2, dorsally furrowed.—Scapes lateral, or terminal, or scape-like peduncles axillary ; leaves leathery, rosulate ; flowers panicled, or racemose ; lip membranaceous in the West Indian species. * Leaves equitant ; root fibrous. 153. O. iridifolium, K7h, (R.). Leaves short, equitant, oblong-lanceolate, pointed, - about as long as the \-few-flowered scapes ; perigouial divisions free, subequal; lip “ lamel- , late-crested at the base :’” lateral segments small, roundish, contracted at the base, middle much larger, 4-lobed, roundish ; “wings of the column dentate.” —Sw. Adnot. t. 1.f. 3.— Cymbidium pusillum, Sw.—1"--3" high ; leaves 4!" broad ; flowers “ yellow:” lip 6” long. —Has. Trinidad !, Cr. ; [Mexico to Brazil]. 154, O. triquetrum, R. Br. Leaves channelled-equitant, oblong-linear, curved, pointed, about as long as the simple, 5-12-flowered scapes; perigonial divisions pointed, interior ovate, exterior superior ovate-lanceolate, lateral cohering ; Lip xot crested, obsoletely 8-lobed : lateral lobes roundish, middle twice as large, ovate, bluntish.; wings of the column entire—Bot. Mag. t. 3393.—C) mbidium, Sw.—4"-6" high; leaves 4!"—3!"(-1") broad ; flowers “white and densely purple-spotted :” lip 5!" long.— Has. Jamaica!, Macf., Wullschi., March. 155. O. pulchellum, Hook. ‘Leaves channelled-equitant, finear-oblong, pointed, slightly curved, much exceeded by the divided, many-flowered scape ; perigonial divisions pointed, exterior lateral cohering to near the summit: lip lamellate-crested at the base: aterat lobes roundish, half as large as the roundish, 2-lobed, sessile, middle lobe ; wings of the column obliquely ovate-lanceolate, denticulate.”—Bot. Reg. t. 1787.—* 1/-13/ high; leaves 6"" broad; flowers white with a rosy tinge, yellow crest, and red column-wings : lip about 8" long.*—Has. Jamaica (Lindt.); [Guiana]. 156. O. tetrapetalum, VW. (L.). Leaves channelled-equitant, oblong-linear, acumi- nate, slightly-curved, entire, much exceeded by the simple, or divided, many flowered. scape ; perigonial divisions interior obovate, repand, exterior spathulate, lateral cohering to near the summit; lip lamellate-crested at the base: lateral lobes small, oblong, blunt, somewhat distant from the middle one, recurved; middle lobe large, reniform—2-lobed, crenate-repand ; wings of the column half-ovate, blunt, subentire.—Jacg. Amer. Pict. t. 216.— Epidendrum, Jacq. O. Lemonianum, Lindl. (Bot. Reg. t. 1789) : a few- and yellow-flowered form, ac- cording to Antigua specimens, determined by G. Rehb., in which the lateral sepals are _ 632 ORCHIDES. cohering (while Lindley describes them as distinct in his own form).—1'-2' high; leaves 8!” broad ; flowers “very variable in colour, red, yellow, or pale” (Jacq.) : lip 6-8" long, 9-10!" broad.—Has. Jamaica!, Macf.; Antigua !, Wud/schi., Bradf., Dominica!, Imr. ; [Mexico, Venezuela!, New Granada !]. : , 157. O. variegatum, Sw. (Z.). Leaves channelled-equitant, falcate-oblong, pointed, crenulate, much exceeded by the simple, or divided, many-flowered scape ; perigonial divi- sions interior obovate, exterior spathulate, lateral cohering to or near to the summit; lip lamellate-crested at the base: Jateral lobes rounded, small or about one-third as large as the middle one, the latter reniform-2-lobed ; wings of the column half-ovate.— ~ 12, L. carolinianum, Z. Creeping, with erect peduncles; Zeaves of the creeping branches difform, /ateral 2-seriai, oblong-lanceolate, pointed, anterior lanceolate-linear, nearly as long, irregularly 2-serial, conform to those of the peduncle, posterior none ; ‘ aments single, cylindrical: bracts subulate, 8-serial.—L. repens, Sw.—Has. Trinidad], Pd., in savannahs ; [United States! to Brazil!; trop. Africa! to the Cape!; East Indies!; Tasmania !]. ‘ tt Sterile leaves conform. f "13. clavatum, a Creeping with ascending, leafy branches; Zeaves many-serial, conform, incurved-spreading, Janceolate or linear-acuminate with a terminal hair, decres- ',cent along the peduncle; aments cylindrical, fastigiate, 8-2: bracts peltate-deltoid, seta~ LYCOPODIACEA. 647 ceous-acuminate.—L. trichiatum, Bory, and L. aristatum, A7¢.: the tropical forms with linear-acuminate leaves (Plum. Fil. ¢. 155. B.).—Has. Jamaica!, Pd., Wiles ; Trinidad !, Lockh. ; {throughout the globe]. ; 14, i. cernuum, LZ. Erect, woody, thyrsoid with dichotomous branches above ; /eaves many-serial, conform, incurved-spreading, linear-acuminate; aments cernuous, sessile- terminal: bracts deltoid-acuminate, denticulate.—Plum. Fil. ¢. 165. 4.—3/-6’ high. w. Slender; leaves loosely imbricated, furrowed on the back, about 1! long; aments short, often ovoid. B. curvatum, Sw. Stout; leaves densely imbricated, usually smooth on the back, about 2” long; ameuts shortly cylindrical. Has. Jamaica!, Shepherd; Dominica!, Imr. (a, 8), S. Vincent !, Guild.; [all tropical countries to the Azores!, Southern China!, and the Cape !]. . 15. Li. phlegmaria, Z. Pendulous, dichotomously branched ; leaves 4-serial, con- form, erect-spreading, ovate or ovate-lanceolate, abruptly passing into much smaller bracts or peduncular leaves; aments filiform, forked, or dichotomous, often elongated. [a. Leaves pointed,: shortly petioled; aments sessile: bracts minutely deltoid, often scarcely as long as the sporangia. | B. nummularifolium, Bl. Leaves ovate or. ovate-oblong, blunt or bluntish, subses- sile ; aments peduncled or sessile: bracts deltoid-subulate, usually exceeding the sporangia, those of the peduncled aments gradually passing into oblong-lanceolate peduncular leaves. —Hook. Grev. Ie. ¢. 212.—L. aqualupianum, Spring : a form with bluntish or subacute leaves. Has. Trinidad !, Parker (8), on trees; [8, Cuba!, Wr. 936, 945; Venezuela!, Fendi. 820; and East Indies; a, most tropical mountains to the southern temperate zone]. ** Snorangia axillary ; leaves conform. © 16. GL. reflexum, Zam. Ascending, few-branched, leafy ; Zeaves many-serial, recurved, linear-acuminate, minutely denticulate, fertile not decrescent.—Plum. Fil. t. 166. 4.—L. squarrosum, Sw. (L. rigidum, Sw.) L. Sieberianum, Spring.—Leaves 2!”'-4!" long, 4/3" broad. —Has. Jamaica!, Maef., Pd., Baner.; Dominica!, Imr.,‘S. Vincent !, Guild. ; [Cuba !, Wr. 933, to French islands !, Mexico ! to Brazil! and Chili]. 17. Ie. dichotomum, Jacg. Ascending or flexuose, twice-thrice-forked with diverging branches, very leafy ; Zeaves many-serial, flaccid-spreading (or recurved), linear-acuminate, quite entire, fertile ones gradually, but little decrescent.—Jacg. Amer. Pict. t. 252. Radd. Fil. Bras. t. 4.—L. mandiocanum, Radd. L. reflexum, Pl. Lech]. 2012.—Leaves 10/”-6'" (-15'”) long, 3” broad at thetbase—Hasz. Jamaica!, Pd., Bancr., on trees, in mountain- woods; [Cuba!, Wr. 944, to South Brazil! and Peru!; Galapagos !]. 18. La. linifolium, Z. Pendulous, several times (or more) forked with flaccid branches, leafy ; Zeaves many-serial, spreading, lanceolate-linear, acuminate, a little contracted at the base, quite entire, fertile ones little or much decrescent.—Plum, Fil. t. 166. C.—L. passerinoides, Kth. (L. nitens, Cham. Schlecht. ; Kunz. Farnkr. t. 80): a form with shorter leaves.—Leaves 10!’-6!"(-4!"") long, 1!"-4"" broad.—Has. Jamaica!, Pd., M‘Nab, Wils., on trees, 8. Anns, rare near Bath; [Cuba!, Wr. 934, to Brazil and Peru !]. 19. I. taxifolium, Z. At length pendulous, several-times-once-forked with flaccid branches, leafy; Zeaves sub-6-serial, spreading, narrowly lanceolate or oblong-linear, little or not tapering at the base, shortly acuminate, quite entire, fertile ones little decrescent.— Hook. Grev. Ic. t. 131.—Leaves 8!'-5" long, 1!-14"" broad, more rigid than iu the pre- ceding —Has. Jamaica!, Macf., Pd., Wels., on trees ; Dominica!, Zmr., S. Vincent !, Guild. ; [Cuba!, Wr. 937, to Peru !]. iY, 20, La. verticillatum, Z. Pendulous, dichotomous with flaccid branches, leafy ; leaves short, many-serial, erect-spreading, incurved, setaceous, acuminate, quite entire, fertile ones little decrescent.—Plum. Fil. t. 166. B.—L. acerosum, Sw.—Leaves 24'”-14” long— Has. Jamaica |, Pd. ; Dominica!, Imr. ; [Cubal, Wr. 935, to Brazil and Ecuador !; Natal! to Bourbon]. @ 91. Ls. myrsinites, Lam. Pendulous, forked ; Jeaves 4-serial, shortly deltoid-ovate, pointed, entire, often ciliate, erect-spreading above the appressed, adnate base, fertile ones 648 FILICES. not decrescent.— Hook. Grev. Ic. t. 109.—L. tetragonum, Hook. Grev.: the transverse furrow on the back of the leaf-base, by which Spring has distinguished from it Z. myrsi- nites, is not constant.—Leaves 2’”—-1/” long. —HaB. Dominica; Trinidad (Spring) ; [Haiti to Brazil !, Ecuador !, Peru]. . 8. PSILOTUM, Sw. Sporangia 3-celled, loculicide: spores 0o.—Leaves minute, distant, fertile ones byid. 22, P. triquetrum, Sw. Stem dichotomous above: branches numerous, 3-guetrous ; , sterile leaves shortly linear—Plum. Fil. t. 170. A. Schk. Crypt. t. 165.5. fig. med.— “Lycopodium nudum, Z.—Has. Jamaica!, Pd., on trees and decayed wood ; Dominica !, -S. Vincent!, @ui/d.; [all tropical countries to Louisiana!, Carolina!, Australia!, and Southern China !]. 23. P. complanatum, Si. Stem several times forked: branches distant, flat-com- pressed, forming serratures at the origin of the marginal, subulate leaves.—Schk. Crypt. t. 1165. b. jig. sin.—P. flaccidum, Wal/—Hax. Jamaica (Sw.), on trees ; [Cuba!, Wr. 947 ; Mexico !; Pacific islands!; Hast Indies !]. CLI. EQUISETACEA. Sporangia longitudinally dehiscent, inserted at the under side of peltate scales, the latter racemose in a small cone: spores supported by 2 elastic fibres (the elateres).—Stem jointed ; joints sheathed by united scales, longitudinally furrowed, leafless : branches whorled. EQUISETUM, ZL. Single genus. § 1. Stem persistent : mostly the branches only rough.—‘ Stomata 2-serial in the furrows, sunk beneath the epidermis.” l. EB. giganteum, LZ. Stem stout, 20-30(-42)-furrowed, rather smooth: sheaths appressed, white, their teeth deciduous, partially combined ; branches numerous, ascending, simple, fertile rough, 6—7(—8)-furrowed, their sheaths somewhat spreading, with scarious, whitish, persistent teeth.—Dese. F/. 2. ¢.112.—E. Humboldtianum, Fendi. Pl. Venez. 1801: a form “not less than 20' high” (Fendi.), but the stem of his specimen not stouter than in the Jamaica plant, viz. 6’” diam. ; in E. xylochetum, Me?#. (B. Lechleri, Milde. !, E. giganteum, Gay, Fl. Chil. 6. p. 471), the stem is often 1” thick and the sheath-teeth black and persistent.—4’—6' high or much higher ; each row of stomata usually double.— Has. Jamaica!, Pd., March, Wils., in lagoons and swamps, at the ferry, Morant Bay ; Trinidad !, Cr.; [Haiti to Martinique; Mexico!; Venezuela!; Peru!; Minas Geraes! (Gardn., 15‘ high) ; Chile]. § 2. Stem decaying in the winter to the rhizoma.—“ Stomata scattered in the furrows, superficial.” 4 2. E. palustre, L. Stem deeply 8(6-9)-furrowed, slightly roughish, sterile and fer- ‘tile green: sheaths appressed: teeth persistent, lanceolate-acuminate, erect, blackish ; branches simple, usually 5(4-6)-furrowed ; cone blunt.—The allied South American F. do- gotense, Kth. (Fendl. Venez. 2182), has 4-furrowed, nearly simple stems and loose sheaths. —Has. §, Vincent !, @uild., according to a single specimen, on the same sheet with North American specimens, in Herb, Hook. ; [northern temperate zone]. CLIT. FILICES. Sporangia at the under side (rarely on both sides) of a leaf in sori—Leaf circinate (ex- cept in Ophioglosum). ai) FILICES. 649 Trisz I, OPHIOGLOSSED, R. Br-—Sporangia exannulate, coriaceous. 1. OPHIOGLOSSUM, L. Sort 2, linear, along a narrowly contracted, petioled leaf-segment, each of I-serial, co- a vertically half-2-valved sporangia.—Fertile leaf-segments sizgle (or several), in- ‘rior. a i. O. reticulatum, Z. Rhizoma excrescent; Jeaf single, cordate-deltoid, or subcor- date, pointed, entire: xo midrib ; veius in a network with appendages: fertile segment (spike) single from the base of the blade, long-petiolulate, linear, mucronate.—Plum. Fil. t. 164, Hook. Grev. Ic. t. 20.—Leaf 14-8” diam.—Has. Jamaica !, Wils., Pd., common in coffee-plantations, Port Royal; Montserrat (P. Br.); (Cuba! to French islands!,and all tropical countries]. 2. MARATTIA, Sw. _ Sort longitudinally 2-partite, dorsal on a veinlet; segments connivent, at length spread- ing, 10-4-celled: cells (sporangia) dehiscent by vertical-introrse fissures—Leaf 2-several- times pinnate, stipulate: veinlets free, simple, or forked : petiole jointed: sori on the under side of the leaf, single on their veinlet. 2. M. alata, Sw. Leaf 2-pinnate, glabrous: secondary segments oblong-lanceolate, pointed, superior sharply serrate, inferior pinnatifid below, lowest pinnatipartite: rhachis usually paleaceous, secondary ones winged ; sori oval, sessile, supported by scales.—Sim. Ic. Ined. t. 46. Hook. Gen. t. 26.—2'-3' high ; secondary leaf-segments 1” long, 4” broad. —Has. Jamaica!, Pd., Al., Wils., in woods at the base of the Blue Mountains; S. Vincent !, Guild. ; (Cuba! to Venezuela !]. ° M. levis, Sm. (serratures and lobes bluntish), was probably sent from Haiti, not from Pees but according to Mr. J. Smith (Bot. Herald, p. 343) it is only a form of M. alata, Sw. : 3. DANZA, Sm. Sort linear, on approximate, excurrent veins, many-celled, surrounded by a plait: cells (sporangia) 2-serial, dehiscent by a terminal pore.—Leaves pinnatisect (-simple), charta- ceous ; segments of the fertile leaf narrower than of the sterile one: veins costate, 2-par- tite-forked, or simple: rhachis usually jointed. 3. D. nodosa, Sm. Leaf-segments linear-oblong, pointleted, quite entire (or serrulate at the summit), distant, ‘‘15.jagal: rhachis naked: fertile segments lanceolate-linear, acuminate.— Plum. Fil. t. 108. Hook. Grev. Ic. t. 51.—Asplenium, Z.—4’-5’ high ; leaf-segments 10” long, 14” broad, fertile ones '7”-4” long, 12!-8!" broad.—Has. S. Vin- cent !, Guild. ; (Cuba! to Brazil]. 4. D. elliptica, Sm. Leaf-segments elliptical-lanceolate or lanceolate-oblong, point- leted, quite entire, distant, 4—-6-jugal: rhachis slightly maryined above : fertile segments lanceolate, acuminate.—S/. ¢, 41. f. 1. Hook. Grev. Ic. t. 52.—2' high ; leaf-segments 6"-7” long, 2"'-14" broad, fertile ones 5-2" long, 10-5" broad —Has. Jamaica l, Pd., in moist woods; S. Vincent!, Gu/d.; Trinidad !, Cr. ; [French islands! to Venezuela !]. 5. D. stenophylla, Kz. Leaf-segments linear or lanceolate-linear, pointleted-acumi- nate, entire below the sharply serrulate summit, approximate, 12—15-juga/, lowest shorter : rhachis margined : fertile segments linear, acuminate.—Kunz. Farnhr. t. 28.—2'-3' high ; leaf-segments 4! long, 6” broad, fertile ones 4-1" long, 2!"-3'" broad.—HaB. Jamaica!, Pd., in moist woods ; [Guadeloupe !)]. 6. D. alata, Sm. Leaf-segments linear-oblong, acute, or pointleted, sharply serrulate towards the summit, 9-l1-jugal, lowest short, more distant than the rest: rhachis nar- rowly winged (except at the base): fertile segments lanceolate-linear or oblong-linear.— Plum: Fil. t. 109. Hook. Grev. Ic. t.18.—D. Moritziana, Pri. sec. Eat. in Pl. Wr.— 14!-2/ high; leaf-segments 3/5" long, 8’’~10 broad, fertile ones 1-3’ long, 4g! broad.—Has. Jamaica (Sw.); S. Vincent (Guéld.); [Cuba! to French islands; Vene- zuela]. 650 FILICES. Turse Il. OSUUNDACEZ, R. Br.—Sporangia membranaceous, provided with a terminal, transverse ring or apophysis, longitudinally dehiscent.—Ring in the West Indian genera (Schizacacee) complete : slit unilateral. 4. ANEMIA, Sw. Sporangia sessile, ovate, 2-serial on the back of contracted, flattish leaf-segments.—Leaf divided : fertile segments racemiform. § 1. Sterile and fertile leaves distinct. (Coptophyllum, Gardn.) 7. A. aurita, Sw. Leaf‘ coriaceous, shining-glabrous above: segments obliquely ovate, or obovate, cuneate at the margined base, denticulate at the rounded summit, striate above by impressed, flabellate-dichotomous, free veins: inferior pinnately 3(4-2)-sect, gradually passing upwards into undivided blades; fertile petioles single, approximate to the sterile ones.—Hook. Ic. Pl. t. 903.—Osmunda, S.—6"'-8" high ; leaf-segments 5!-10" long.— Has. Jamaica!, Wils., on calcareous rocks, rare, on the summit of Dolphin’s Peak. The other West Indian species with special fertile leaves, viz. 4. bipinnata, Sw., A. filicu- lifolia, Sw., and A. verticillata, Sw., though stated by Willdenow to grow in Jamaica, do not occur in our collections, being apparently confined to Haiti, as wellas 4. cicutarta, Pepp., to Cuba. § 2. Leaf 3-sect at the base: 2 (-1) lateral segments fertile, long-petiolulate, middle sterile, sessile or shortly petiolulate. (Huanemia, MMett.). 8. A. phyllitidis, Sw. Sterile leaf-segment pinnatisect, sessile, membranaceous, glabrous: special segments 4-8-jugal, oblong-lanceolate, acuminate, repand, or repand- \ denticulate: veins anastomosing, forming narrow areoles.—Plum. Fil, ¢. 156: leaf too large. Hook. Gen. t. 103.—Osmunda, L.—2'-4' high ; secondary leaf-segments, 2" long. —Has. Jamaica!, Wils. ; [Cuba! and Mexico! to Brazil !]. 9. A. mandiocana, Radd. Sterile leaf-segment pinnatisect, sessile, membranaceous, glabrescent: special segments 10-4-jugal, oblong, bluntish, unequally serrulate chiefly at the upper margin, ¢runcate at the upwards produced base, uppermost much decrescent : “rhachis usually hairy : veins flabellate-dichotomous, free-—Plum. Fil. t.157. Hook. Gen. #. 90.—Osmunda hirta, L. (Anemia, Sw. ex cit.) : Plumier’s form with a pilose petiole, but the name must be rejected.—Very variable, 13’-3’ high ; lower leaf-segments 1” long, 4” broad.—Has. Jamaica (Sw.) ; Trinidad!, Zocsh., on roadsides, rare; [Haiti and Mexico to Brazil !]. 10, A. humilis, Si. Sterile leaf-segment pinnatisect, sessile, membranaceous, hairy, , or glabrescent: special segments 10-5-jugal, spathulate, blunt, serrulate, cumeate at the “base, uppermost subequal: rhachis pilose : petiole short: veins flabellate, simple and forked, Sree —Schk. Crypt. t. 141. f. sia —Osmunda, Cav.—4"-8" high ; secondary leaf-segments 10-6" long, 4/”-2’”" broad.—Has. Jamaica!, Pd. ; [Mexico! to Peru! and Brazil !]. 7 Jil. A. hirsuta; Sw. Sterile leaf-segment pinnatisect, sessile, chartaceous, hairy: se- condury segments pinnatipartite, or pinnatifid, striate above by prominent, flabellate, forked or simple, free veins: tertiary lobes oblong, or linear, bluntish, few serrate, or entire: com- mon rhachis pilose.— Plum. Fil. t. 162.—Osmunda, DZ. A. dissecta, Pr?. (Rel. Henk. t. 11. if. 4; Sl t. 25. f. 6): the form with pinnatipartite secondary segments.—14’—3’ high ; primary leaf-segments 15’”-6’” long, uppermost decrescent.—Has. Jamaica!, all coll., com- mee Royal, S. Andrews, at 4000’ alt.; [Cuba! and Mexico to Brazil! and Tucu- man !]. ~ 12, A. adiantifolia, Si. Sterile leaf-segment deltoid, 2-pinnatisect, shortly petiolu- date, chartaceous, glabrous above, glabrescent beneath : tertiary segments upwards decrescent pinnatipartite-few-serrate or lowest pinnatisect, ultimate cuneate-elliptical, bluntish, denticu- late above, striate by prominent, flabellate-dichotomous, free veins : axis usually hairy —Plum. Jil. t.158. Hook. Grev. Ic. t. 16.—Osmunda, LZ. A. asplenifolia, Siw.—l’-14’ high; ‘sterile leaf-segment 8-6” broad, exceeding in length or equalling the fertile segments.— Has. Bahamas!, Swains.; Jamaical, Pd., Hartw., Wiles, on vocks; Dominica; [Cuba! and Mexico! to Brazil !]. , FILICES, 651 5. SCHIZAA, Sm. Sporangia sessile, ovate, 2-4-serial on the concave back of revolute, contracted leaf-seg- meuts: the latter forming terminal appendages of the nerves of the sterile leaf.Leaf 1-pal- matinerved, rigid : fertile segments short, usually pilose beneath. 13. S. elegans, Sw. Leaf long-petioled, dichotomously palmatisect : segments cuneate, unequally palmatiid : lobes oblong, inciso-dentate at the summit: nerves flabellate-dicho. _tomous: fertile appendages pinnatipartite: segments recurved, 6-10-jugal; sporangia 2- serial.— Vahl, Symb. 2. t. 50.—Acrostichum, V.—1'-2! high ; leaf-segments 3”-5” long, lobes 8’”-2”" broad, fertile appendages 4-6!" long —Has. Jamaica !, Pd., very rare, in dry woods, Westmoreland, Bluefield Mountains at 2000’ alt.; Trinidad!, Pd., Cr.; [Mexico to Brazil]. 14. S. pennula, Si. Leaf simple, filiform, wnicostate-3-gonal, shortly tapering at the summit: fertile appendage subpalmatisect (contracted pinnatisect): segments 6-2-jngal, incurved, pilose beneath ; sporangia 4(—2)-serial—Scht. Crypt. ¢. 186. f. dext. Hook. Gen. t. 111. A. Hook, Grev. Ic. ¢. 54.—S. trilateralis, Scht. S. subtrijuga, Mart. (Kze. Farnkr. t, 98. f. 1): our Trinidad form, not to be distinguished but by lower growth and shorter appendages.—1}”-4” high; appendages 8”’-12’” long.—Has. Trinidad!, Gr.; [Guiana!, Brazil !). 6. LYGODIUM, Sw. Sporangia shortly “pedicellate at the summit (hemianatropous), oval, 2-serial on the back of appendages of the leaf-margin, each supported by an epiphyllous scale—Stem twining ; leaves divided, or compound ; fertile appendages oblong-linear, blunt, crenate. : 15. L. volubile, Sw. Stem cylindrical; leaves pinnate: leaflets 3-5-jugal, oblong- lanceolate, undivided, jointed at the base: veins forked: fertile appendages short, termina- ting numerous, small serratures.—S/. ¢.46. f.1. Schh. Crypt. ¢. 138.—L. scandens, Schh. —Leaflets (the appendages excluded) 8’—5” long, 5’’-6’” broad, truncate or rounded at the base, appendages 1’”’—-2/" long.—Has. Jamaica!, Wis. ; Trinidad !, Lockh., Pd. ; [Cuba!, to Brazil !]. : . 16. &. venustum, Sw. Stem cylindrical, jointed; leaves 2-3-pinnate: leaflets 2-6- jugal, hastate-3-partite at the base, pinnatifid-serrate above it: petiole pilose: fertile appen- dages as long as the transverse diameter of the blade, terminating chiefly the lower lobes.— Schk. Crypt. t. 189. fig. sup—L. polymorphum, Kth.—Leaflets (the appendages excluded) 1/2” long, 6!”—4"" broad at the base ; appendages 3" long.— Has, Trididad !, Sch. ; [Mexico ! to Brazil !]. Trize Ill. GLEICHENIER, R. Br—Sporanyia with a transverse, or oblique, complete ring about the middle, longitudinally dehiscent, superficial or sunk into the leaf. 7. MERTENSIA, WV. ' Sori round, naked, superficial, serial, dorsally inserted into special veinlets: sporangia sub- sessile, usually few in each sorus: ring transverse (or oblique).—Leaf rigid, forked, or di- chotomously divided: segments pinnatipartite, or pinnatisect, * Veins bifid. 17, Mf. Bancroftii, Kz. “Petiole simply forked: primary segments 2-pinnatisect, ° tertiary ones numerous, horizontal, linear, bluntish, entire, revolute at the margin, adnate. decurrent at the base, hence somewhat distant, glabrous, glaucous beneath, uppermost de- crescent; sori of 8-4 sporangia at the simple forking of the veins.—Plum. Fil. t. 25. Hook. ‘Spec. 1. ¢. 4. A.—-Gleichenia, Hook. .M. glauca jamaicensis, Sw.—8'-4' high; secondary leaf-segments 10-6", tertiary 9"-6"" ‘long.——Has. Jamaica!, Bancr., Pd., Al., rare, near the summit of the Blue Mountains ; [French islands !; Mexico! to Brazil !]. 18. M. furcata, W. Petiole 2-3-chotomous: leafy portions repeatedly dichotomous, pinnatipartite, oblong-linéar, shortly tapering at the summit, udtimate and penultimate fork- ings of nearly.equal length: segments linear, blunt, equally dilated at the base, glabrous or whitish-villous beneath ; sori of 3-5 sporangia near the simple forking of the salou W - 4 ~ ' special, prosenchymatic tissue, 652 FILICES. Fil. t. 28.—Acrostichum, ZL. Polypodium, Sw. Gleichenia, Spreng. M. bifida, W. (Act. Holm. 1804. ¢. 5. B., agreeing with G. dichotoma, P/. Lechi. 2040): a form with the leafy portions but once forked (or simple), but distinguished from the two following species by the inferior fork as long as the superior, both equally pinnatiparlite —7’—8' high (S/.) ; ultimate leafy portions 3"-5", segments 6-10" long, the latter 1!” broad beyond the base.—Has. Jamaica (Sw.), forming thickets in the mountains; [French islands, and Mexico to Peru! and South Brazil]. 19. ML. farinosa, Kauif. Petiole 2-8-chotomous : Zeafy portions but once forked, pinuatipartite, odlong-linear, tapering at both ends: ultimate forking much longer than the short penultimate one, the latter naked below on one side: segments linear, blunt, equally dilated at the base, puberulous beneath or glabrous ; sori of 3-5 sporangia near the simple forking of the veins.— Kze. Analect. t.8. Hook. Spee. 1. ¢. 7. B.—Gleichenia Mathewsii, Hook. M. pubescens, W., sec. Kl., Eat. in Pl. Wr. !—1%'-2' high ; ultimate leafy portions 5"_-12", segments 6-8!" long, the latter 1” broad beyond the base—Has. Jamaica!, Pa., Ai., on the summit of the Blue Mountains; Dominica !, Jmr.; Trinidad!, Cr. ; (Cuba! and Mexico to Peru]. 20. IME. longipinnata, K/. Petiole 2-8-chotomous: leafy portions Sut once forked, pinnatipartite, Amear-oblong, gradually tapering towards both ends: ultimate forking long, much longer than the short penultimate one, the latter naked below on one side: segments linear, bluntish, equally dilated at the base, rusty-tomentose beneath ; sori of 4-2 sporangia near the simple forking of the veins.— Hook, Grev. Ic. t. 15.—M. fureata, Sieb. Mart. 234, M. pubescens, Liebm. Gleichenia immersa, Hook. Grev. (exelus. synon.). G. longipinnata, Hook. (ea descr.).—4'—-5' high; ultimate leafy portions 1'-23', most segments 14-1" long.—Has. Dominica!, S. Vincent!, Guz/d.; [French islands! and Mexico! to Brazil !]. ** Veins 3-4-fid (Dicranopteris, Bernh.). 21. M. pectinata, VW. Petiole 2~-3-chotomous and ultimately branched : leafy portions simple, geminate, pinnatipartite: each pair at the summit of a slightly margined, partial petiole : segments oblong-linear, emarginate, glabrous, often glaucous (rarely hairy) beneath ; sori of 8-10 sporangia on one branchlet of 3-4-fid veins.— Willd. in Act. Holm. 1804. ‘t.4, Hook. Grev. Ic. t. 14.—Gleichenia, Pri. M. glaucescens, W.—Trailing, often 20/— 80! long (Pd.); leafy portions 6-8", segments 4/’-12!" long, the latter 13!-2"" broad.— Has. Jamaica!, Pd., Ad., S. Anns, Blue Mountains; Dominica, S. Vincent !, Gudld. ; [French islands !, and Mexico to Brazil !]. 22. M. dichotoma, W’. Petiole repeatedly 2(-3)-chotomous : leafy portions simple, geminate, pinnatipartite: one pair at the summit of each cylindrical, partial petiole, other portions opposite at the superior bifurcations: segments linear, emarginate or blunt, gla brous ; sori of 6-10 sporangia on one branchlet of 3-4-fid veins.—Sehs. Crypt. ¢. 148.—- Gleichenia, Hook. G. Hermanni, R. Br—l'-8' high; leafy portions usually 4”-8", seg- ments 10/4" long, the latter 1” broad—Has. Trinidad!, Lockk.; [Cuba! to French islands !, and most tropical countries of the globe]. Taps lV. H YMENOPH YLLEM, Endl.—Sporangia with a complete, transverse (rarely eee ring about the middle, longitudinally dehiscent, inserted into an indusiate column, 8. TRICHOMANES, Z. Sort marginal: indusium inferior, tubular, usually sunk into the leaf or margined : limb “subentire or 2-lipped: column usually filiform, exserted, fertile at the base, inserted at the forking of a veinlet, the branches of which run into the indusium.—Leaf mostly pellucid- membranaceous, devoid of stomata: veins mostly free, sometimes connected by streaks of § 1. Indusia free along the whole margin of a narrowly, linear, special leaf.—Sterile leaves deeply pinnatifid : veins dichotomous (¥ea, Bory). 23. T.spicatum, Hedw. Leaves cespitose, sterile deeply pinnatifid, shortly petioled, Sertile ones exserted, narrowly linear, shorter than their alone vette, sterile Fempule FILICES, 653 oblong-linear, bluntish, crenulate-repand, glabrous ; indusium campanulate, substipitate, tran- eate.—Sterile leaves 4! long, 1 broad, fertile blade 2!-8" long, }!" broad.—Hax. Jamaica |, Pd., Wils., aloug mountain-rivulets, S. Andrews, Bath, at 1800/-8500! alt.; S. Vincent |, Guild. ; Trinidad |, Lockh., Pd., in rocky ravines, at the foot of. Mount Tocuche; [Guade- loupe! ; Panama, Guiana !, Ecuador !). § 2. Indusia sunk into a linear, special leaf, inserted along its whole margin into simple, short veins, laterally cohering at the summit.—Sterile leaves deeply pinnatifid: veins in a network (Hymenostachys, Bory). : 24. T. elegans, Rudg. Leaves cespitose, sterile deeply pinnatifid, shortly petioled, Jertile ones linear, denticulate by the marginal teeth of the indusia, supported by a slender petiole: sterile segments oblong-linear, blunt, crenulate, glabrescent; zxdusia sunk, cyathi- form, laterally dentate: teeth bluntish, common to each pair—Hook. Gen. t. 108.—Ste- rile leaves 3-6" long, 1" broad, fertile 6-10" high, 2!”-3'" broad.—Has. Trinidad !, Pd., Cr., in marly ravines near Mount Tamana, Irais; [Panama!, Venezuela !, Guiana! to Peru ! and Brazil !]. § 8. Indusia at the summit or along both margins of the leaf-divisions : veins Sorked or dichotomous.—Primary leaf-divisions undivided. * Indusia or their summit exserted: limb very short or none.—Special leaves fertile. (Newromanes, Trevis.) 25. T. pennatum, Kaulf. Leaves cespitose, pinnatipartite, very narrowly decur- rent, glabrous or hairy at the rhachis, fertile along both margins: segments linear-oblong, bluntish, denticulate, cohering by the narrowly margined rhachis, superior adnate, broadly decurrent, fertile bluntly acuminate, uppermost much longer than the rest : veins approxi- mate, forked or 2-partite, intermingled with a few simple ones, al/ connected by numerous transverse streaks ; indusium exserted, stipitate or subsessile : limb very short or none, en- tire or laterally 2-lobed—Hook. Grev. Ic. ¢t. 9.—T. floribundum, Hoot. Neuromanes Kaulfussii, V. d. Bosch.—1'-8' high ; segments of the sterile leaf 13/-2" long, 8" broad, fertile 3-6” long, 6-12" broad; column usually longer than in the following —Has, Trinidad !, Pd., [French islands !, and Mexico!, to Brazil !]. 26. T. pinnatum, Hedw. . Leaves cxspitose, pinnatipartite, very narrowly decurrent, glabrous, fertile along both margins : segments linear-oblong, tapering-bluutish, denticulate, most cohering by the narrowly margined rhachis, superior adnate, usually decrescent, broadly decurrent: veins approximate, forked or 2-partite, intermingled with a few simple ones, add connected by transverse streaks ; indusium sesstle, margined at the base or sunk: limb very short, spreading, entire—Hedw, Fil, t.4. 7. 1.—T. floribundum, Humb. sec. Kze. Neuromanes Hedwigii, 7. d. Bosch. N.immersum, 7. d. Bosch: the form with sunk indusia.—1/-2! high ; inferior half-segments 1-23" long, 4!"-6"" broad, sterile shorter than those of the fertile leaf, less tapering: petiole slender— Has. Jamaica (Hedw.); Trinidad (V. d. Bosch) ; (Haiti to French islands; Panama! to Brazil !]. ** Indusia sunk: limb spreading. 27. 'T. fastigiatum, Sie). Leaves approximate (“rarely scattered”), pinnatipartite, pinnatisect at the base, not decurrent, hairy: segments horizontal or nearly so, cordate-ob- Zong, blunt, repand, most approximate with a rounded or truncate sinus, ower sessile, often distant: veins forked, lowest dichotomous, uppermost 3-—5(-1) fertile, simple: no streaks ; indusium sunk: limb spreading, laterally 2-lobed or repand.—Heduw. Fil. t.4.f. 2. Hook, Grev. Ic. ¢. 12: the form with scattered leaves.—T. crispum, Hedw. (non L.), 'T. pilosum, Radd. ex Kze.in Pl. Kappl. 599. T. plumula, Pr./ 1. accedens, Pr. T. cristatum, Pr. ex specim. Kegel (non Kauif.).—Leaves 6"-18" high, 1-14” broad, often incurved. —Has. Jamaica (V. d. Bosch.); S. Vincent !, Guild. ; [French islands; Venezuela !, Guiana!, Brazil !]. : 98, 'T. pellucens, Kz. Leaves approximate, pinnatipartite to the base, not decurrent, glabrescent: segments horizontal, oblong, downward auricled, blunt, repand, most approxi- ‘ mate, lowest subdisant : sinus between the superior ones rounded, between os oe trua- U 654 FILICES. cate: veins lined .by larger-areolate tissue, forked or lowest dichotomous, uppermost 7-10(-5) fertile, most of the latter simple: no streaks ; zndusium sunk: limb laterally 2- armed.—Kze. Farnkr, t. 68.—Leaf 10"-12" high, 2" broad: rhachis 1 broad at the base ; column 3-4 times as long as the indusium.—Has. Trinidad!, Cr., heights of Las Cuevas; {Mexico and Guiana to Peru]. 29. T.crispum, L. Leaves approximate, pinnatipartite to the base, not decurrent, hairy or glabrescent : segments approximate, horizontal, oblong, cordate at the adnate base, , blunt, undulate-repand:: sizus truncate : veins forked, lowest usually dichotomous, uppermost 7-5 fertile, simple : no streaks ; indusium sunk : limé spreading, repand.— Plum. Fil. t. 86.— Leaf 8-15" high, 2" broad, often incurved: rhachis 3 broad at the very narrowly mar- gined base ; column very long-exserted inthe West Indian specimens, but I regard my con- tinental form with the column twice only or thrice as long as the indusium as 8. brevistylum’ (syn. ZT. cristatum, Kze. in Kappl. Pl. Surin. 600, non Kaulf.; 7. crispum, J. Sm. in Seem. Pl. Panam.): 7. Martiusii, Pr.! in Pl. Kegel. 1054, is intermediate between both.—. Has. Jamaica!, Pd., on decayed trees; Montserrat! [Cuba to French islands !, 8, Mexico! to Brazil !]. "fF i 30. T. Kaulfussii, Hoot. Grev. Leaves approximate, pinnatipartite, narrowly de- current into the petiole, hairy: segments approximate, horizontal, oblong, bluntish, serrate: veins dichotomously divided or forked: no streaks; indusium sunk, margined at its spreading, truncate limb.—Hook. Grev. Ic. t. 10.—Leaf 8-2" high, 14" broad : serra- tures usually denticulate again, spreading: rhachis 2!" broad.—Has. Jamaica!; S. Kitts, Dominica!, Imr., S. Vincent |, Guild. ; Trinidad; [Portorico to French islands; Guiana !, equat. Brazil !]. § 4. Indusia at the uppermost veinlets or at the veinlets of both margins of the leaf- divisions : limb repand-entire or laterally 2-horned ; veinlets or its branches in the ultimate leaf-divisions simple.—Leaves conform. 31. T. lucens, Sw. Leaves cepitose, pinnatisect, pilose, rusty-villous at the petiole and rhachis: segments spreading, approximate, pinnatifid, crispate, adnate at the base, fer- tile along the margin of most lobes, most subequal: /obes ovate, blunt, inferior crenate ; veinlets pinnately divided: no streaks; exdusivm sunk: limb laterally 2-horned or sub- entire—Hedw. Fil, t. 5—Leaf 6"-2! high, 1” broad—Has. Jamaica!, Baner., Wils., on shady soil. 82. T.crinitum, Sw. Leaves cespitose, pinnatipartite, pinnatisect at the base, hairy : segments pinnatifid, spreading, most subequal: lobes linear, blunt, uppermost fertile : veinlets simple or forked: no streaks: imdusium wholly sunk: limb spreading, subentire, ciliate. —Hedw. Fil. t, 1.—Leaf 3-5" long, 6""-12" broad; column Jong-exserted, thickish at the summit: but the division of its apex (figured by Hedwig), upon which Pres] ha- zarded a generic separation, does not exist in our specimens.—HaB. Jamaica!, March, on trees in the mountains; S. Vincent!, Guz/d. 33. 'T. alatum, Sw./ Leaves cxspitose, pinnatipartite, narrowly long-decurrent into the slender petiole, tapering toward the summit, hairy: segments pinnatifid (or serrate), usually acuminate, spreading, fertile at the inferior lobes: superior veinlets simple, inferior pinnately divided : no streaks; indusium wholly sunk, or margined at its spreading trun- cate, or laterally 2-horned limb.—Variable, but the specimens in Swartz’s herbarium (one labelled in his own handwriting) belong to a, not seen in other collections. ‘a. Rhachis 1” broad: rib narrower than the wings; column 3-4 times as long as the truncate indusium.—Plum. Fil. t. 60. D. Hook. Gen. t. 31.—6"-10" high, 2” broad. 8. attenuatum, Hook.! Rhachis 1” broad: rib narrower than the wings ; column twice - long as the laterally 2-horned indusium.—Hook. Spec. ¢. 39. C.—3"-8" high, 1-24" road. y. ptilodes, V. d. Bosch! Rhachis }” broad: rib as broad as the narrow wings; co- lumn 8-5 times as Jong as the truncate, or slightly 2-horned indusium.—Hook. Grev. Ic. ¢. 11.—T. alatum, Hook. Grev.—8"-12" high, 3"-4" broad; inferior leaf-segments often 2-pinnatifid at the base. : FILICES. ~ 655 Has. Jamaica!, Sw., in high mountains (a); Dominica!, Zmr. (8), S. Vincent !, Guild. (8, y) 3: Trinidad ; [Cuba !, to French islands !, in moist mountain woods; Venezuela]. 34, T. Bancroftii, Hook. Grev. Leaves cespitose, deeply mnnatifid, or 2(-3)-pin- natifid, long-decurrent into the short petiole, nearly glabrous: dobes spreading, ultimate short, oblong, blunt, fertile at the summit: veinlets distaut, single in the ultimate lobes, lower usually forked: no streaks; ivdusium and its subentire limb wholly sunk.—Hook. Grev, Ie. t. 204.—Leaf 6'-2" long, 2"-}" broad, abruptly contracted at the lowest lobes: lobes 8!"-3' broad: rhachis 2!"-1/” -broad.—Has. Jamaica!, Pd., Wils., common in woods, Portland; S. Vincent !, Guild. ; [Cuba! to French islands !; Guiana!}. : 35. T. sinuosum, Rich. “Leaves scattered or approximate, pinnatifid, long-decurrent into the short petiole, distantly ciliate with long, stellate hairs: odes spreading, obliquely ovate-oblong, or oblong, blunt, repand, or obtusely few-serrate, fertile at the summit: dU veinlets few, simple: no streaks ; indusium and its repaud limb wholly sunk.—Hook. Grev. Z Ie. t.13. Kee. Farnkr,t. 77. f. 1.—T. holopterum, ze. (4b. f. 1): the form with approxi- mate leaves.—Variable, 2-12" high; leaves mostly single along the creeping rhizoma, pellucid : sinus open or narrow, lobes 2’’-1”’ broad.—Has. Jamaica!, Pd., on tree-ferns ; S. Vincent !, Guzéd. ; Trinidad!; [Cuba! and Mexico! to Brazil! and Peru!]. §5. Indusia confined to the lowest part of the upper margin of the leaf-segments (rarely appearing on both margins): otherwise lke § 4. * Leaf pinnatipartite, subsessile ; (indusia sometimes on both margins). 36. T. Ankersii, Parker... Leaves scattered, pinnatipartite, subsessile, glabrous: seg- ments approximate, horizontal, oblong, blunt, obtusely serrate, fertile usually at the lowest serratures of the upper margin, rarely on both margins: veinlets pinnate, mostly simple: short streaks between them ; indusium wholly exserted: limb spreading, truncate.— Hook. Grev. Te. ¢. 201.—Leaf turning blackish in drying, 3-8" long, 1/'-2" broad. Has. S. Vincent (J. Sm.); Trinidad (V. d. Bosch) ; (Panama, Guiana !]. 37. T. brachypus, Kze. Leaves scattered, pinnatipartite, subsessile, glabrous: seg- ments pinnatifid, nearly horizontal; lobes spreading, linear, blunt, or 2-3-fid, inferior of both margins or lowest only of the upper margin fertile: most veinlets simple: no streaks ; indusium wholly exserted, stipitate, or margined at the base: limb short, subentire.— Hook. Grev. Ic. t. 218.—Leaf 2-8" long, 1-3" broad.—Has. S. Vincent !, Guz/d.; Tri- nidad!, Pd. ; [Darien!, Guiana!, Brazil!, Peru]. ** Leaf 2-3-pinnatipartite, petioled : petiole above and rhachis margined, “ 38. T. pyxidiferum, Z. Leaves scattered, 2-3-pinnatipartite, narrowly decurrent into the short petiole, glabrous: wltimate segments linear, emarginate, or blunt, each with a simple veinlet and 2 long parallel streaks between it and the entire margin ; indusium free, margined at the base, sessile on the upper margin of the primary segments near their base, half as long as the column: limb spreading, subentire.—Plum. Fil. t. 50. H—Leat 5"—-1"" high, 12"’-6"" broad.—Has. Jamaica (Sw.), in mountain-woods; (Cuba! to Brazil! aad Peru !]. ‘ 39. T’. brasiliense, Desv. Leaves scattered, 2-pinnatipartite, very narrowly decur- rent into the petiole, glabrous: secondary segments few-lobed or pinnatifid, or entire, w/é2- mate oblong-linear, emarginate, or blunt, each with a simple veinlet, but no streaks ; indusium margined to the spreading, subentire limb, usually much shorter than the column, sessile on the lowest inner lobe or on the upper margin of the primary segments near their base.— Hedw. Fil. t.3.f.2. Hook. Grev. Ic. ¢. 206. Pr. Hpimel. t. 5. B.—T. pyxidiferum, Hook. Grev. T. emarginatum, Pr. T. leptophyllum, 7. d. Bosch.—Mabit of the prece- ding, but petiole naked below, wing at its summit much narrower (while the rhachis of the primary segments is nearly as broad), and easily distinguished by the wanting streaks, peculiar to ZT. pyxidiferum. Leaf 1’—4" high, 6-12!" broad : petiole 6-12! loug.— as. Jamaica!, Wils.; 8. Vincent !, Guild. ; [Cubal to French islands !, and Mexico!, to Brazil !]. ; 40, T.radicans, Sw. Leaves scattered, 3-4-pinnatipartite, longer than the petiole, 4 narrowly decurrent, glabrous: ultimate segments oblong-linear emarginate, or bluut, with a 656 FILICES. simple, or, if emarginate, forked veinlet, the lower inferior secondary ones fertile between the 2 lowest segments of the inner margin; indusium margined, much shorter than ‘the columu: limb short, repand, or slightly 2-horned.—Hedw. Fil. t. 6.—T. scandens, Hedw. (non Hook.). T.ambiguum, Sted. T. brevisetum, 2. Br. (f. europewm, Sm.): a short- lobed form with the column less developed, from which, following V. d. Bosch, I exclude 7. speciosum, W. (Canary Islands !), for its longer, not margined petiole.—Leaf 6-14’ high, 2-6" broad: petiole 1/-3”(-6”) loog.—Has. Jamaica!, Wils., Pd., on trees; (Cuba! to French islands!; Mexico! to Brazill; Pacific islands!, Hast Indies!; 7. brevisetum : Azoric islands !, Madeira, and Ireland]. 41, T. rigidum, Sw. Leaves cespitose, 3-pinnatipartite, decurrent by a very narrow line, glabrescent (or hairy at the rhachis): tertiary segments linear, acuminate, with a simple veinlet, the lowest of the wpper side fertile near the base of the inner margin : no streaks ; ixdusium exserted, substipitate: limb short, crenulate-repand.—Hedw. Fil. t. 2. —Leaf 6-14’ high, 2-8” broad.—Has. Jamaica!, Pd., on tree-roots ; Dominica !, Jmr., Barbadoes !, Parker : [all tropical countries]. 42. T. Prieurei, Kze. Leaves cespitose, 3-pinnatipartite, decurrent by a very narrow line, glabrescent : ¢ertiary segments inferior pinnalifid-2-fid, superior and quarternary ones linear, bluntish, suberect, with a simple veinlet, the lowest of the upper side fertile near the base of the inner margin: no streaks; indusium exserted, substipitate : limb short, subentire—Hook. Spec. t. 40. C—T. anceps, Hook.—Leaf 13/—2/(-6”) high, 5!-8"(-8") broad.— Has. Dominica !, Imr.; Trinidad !, Pd., in woods; [French islands! to Peru! and Brazil !]. *** Leaf 2-pinnatisect : petiole and rhachis not margined. 43. 'T. scandens, L., Sw., Hook. (non Kze.). Leaves scattered, 2-pinnatisect, hairy : segments spreading, distant, secondary ones pinnatipartite, acuminate, ¢ertiary pinnatifid, or few-serrate, bluntish : lower lobes of the upper side fertile on the inner margin: vein- lets often forked: no streaks; tndusium sunk: limb short, truncate.— rounded-pointed lobes: rhachis green-margined or winged: veins simple: petiole pale or s pale-brown ; sori half-elliptical or shortly oblong, entering into the lobes.—Hook. Gen. #6; Cent. 2.¢.41. Metten. Fil. Lips. t. 18. f. 3-9.—Czenopteris, Sw. A. cientarium, Sieb. Mart. 360, Hook. !, Metten. (non Sw.). A.monteverdense, Hook.! A. rhizophyllum, B, Hook.! A, dissectum, Z4.—Ultimate lobes 1” or less long; sori usually less than 1!" long. a, Leaf 3-pinnatisect. : B. Macrei, Hook. Grev. Leaf 2-pinnatisect.—Hook. Grev. Ic. ¢. 193 and 217. A. rhi- zophyllum, Kze., Hook. u. (ewelus. syn. Sl. and Sw.) : leaf fot proliferous at the summit. Haw. Jamaica!, all coll.; Dominiea!; Trinidad !, Woodford ; [United States; Cuba! and Mexico! to Brazil! ; Pacific islands! ; trop. Africa! to the Cape!]. _ 213. A. adiantoides, Radd. Leaf’ 3-pinnatisect : primary and secondary segments distant, petiolulate, ultimate cuneate-rhomboid, lobed and dentate above with rounded- pointed teeth: rhachis slender, devoid of a membranaceous margin: veins simple: petiole fae or pale-brown ; sort oblong, distant from the midrib, and more so from the point of lobes.—Radd. Fil. Bras. t. 51. f, 2.—Ultimate segments 4-7!" long.— Has. Jamaica!, Macf. (Brazil !]. Sect. 2. DipLazium, Sw.—Inferior or most sori double. * Leaf undivided: veins dichotomous. 214, A. plantagineum, J. Leaf oblong-lanceolate, pointed, cuneate at the base, serrate above or subentire: veins costate, dichotomous, terminated near the margin . petiole slender, pale; sori linear, unequal in lenglh, often alternately distant from the midrib, in- ferior double,—Soht. Crypt. t. 85. sin. Hook, Gen. t. 55. B. f. 1.—Diplazium, Sw.— Pe FILICES. 685 Leaf 6"—8" long, 14-2" broad.Has. Jamaica |, Pd., Shepherd ; [Guadeloupe!; Mexico 1 to Brazil !]. ** Leaf pinnatisect-2-pinnatisect ; sori extending to or beyond the middle. + Veins alternately dichotomous, lowest penultimate ones on the inferior side of the rib ; leaf stout, pinnatisect. 215. A. celtidifolium, Metten. Leaf pinnatisect : segments oblong-lanceolate, shortly acuminate, truncate at the equal- base, subsinuate-repand, horizontal: veins dichotomous, Jertile at the inferior, anterior, and posterior branches ; sori linear, distant about half- way from the margin, 2 inferior approaching the midrib, mostly double.—Metten. Fil. Lips. 4.12.7. 3.4; a leaf-segment, distinguished from our form by a serrulate margin.—Dipla- zium, Aze.—“ Stem 2! high, inclined to be arboresceut”’ (Pd.); segments 4!'-5" long, 1" broad.—Haz. Jamaica!, Macf., Pd.; Trinidad!, Pd.; [Venezuela!, New Granada! ; _ Brazil]. 216. A. grandifolium, Sw, Leaf pinnatisect: segments oblong-lanceolate, shortly acuminate, rounded-subtruncate at the equal base, repand or crenate: veins dichotomous, fertile at the anterior and posterior distant branches ; sort linear, extending to a small dis- tance from the margin, anterior inferior approaching the midrib, double, superior simple, distant from the midrib.— Metten. Asplen. ¢. 5. f.3: part of a segment.— Hemionitis, Sw. Diplazium, Sw.—Proportions of the leaf as in the preceding, but “petiole from the root” (Sw.).—Has. Jamaica!, Macf., Al., Wils.; Trinidad!, Woodford ; (Cuba! to Brazil !]. tt Veins forked-dichotomous or pinnately divided, free, lowest all on the superior side of their rib ; leaf pinnatisect. 217. A. juglandifolium, Lam. (non Hook.). Leaf pinnatisect: segments oblong- lanceolate or lauceolate-oblong, shortly acuminate, cuneate or rounded at the base, repand- entire or serrulate above: vezzs dichotomous in the terminal, most 2-partite in the lateral segments, fertile at the anterior inferior (rarely also at the posterior) dranches ; sori linear, intermediate between the midrib and margin, all or inferior approaching both, inferior of the terminal segment double, those of the lateral segments simple.—%S/. ¢. 37. Schk. Crypt. #. 85. dextr.—From Hooker’s homonym I exclude Sloane’s figure : for its sori (all anterior and double) do not extend to near the margin, and the penultimate lowest veins are at the inferior side of their rib (endl. Pl. Venez. 498, Spruce, Pl. Ecuad. 5337: 4. Fendlerianum, Gr.).—Diplazium, Sw. A. Romerianum, Kze.—Stout; segments 6"-8'(-4") long, 2/~ 14(-1") broad.— Has, Jamaica!, Wils.; [Cuba!, Wr. 1037, to Peru 1]. 218. A, semihastatum, Kze. Leaf pinnatisect: segments lanceolate or ovate-lan- ceolate, bluntish, upwards auricled at the cuneate base, serrulate or pinnatifid—pinnatipartite below: veins forked above, superior simple, lowest pinnately divided, fertile at the anterior, in the auricle also at the posterior branches ; sori linear, intermediate between the midrib and margin, distant from both, inferior (or few) double.—Metten. Asplen. t. 4. f. 17.18: leaf-se@ments. Hook. Spec. t. 207.—A. cubense, Hook.! A. hymenodes, Metzen. (/. ¢. t. 5. f.18. 19): the form with broader, blunt, towards the base divided segments, Diplazium angustifrons, Pr.—]/—-2! high ; segments 1/(-2") long—Has. Jamaica (sw.) ; [Cuba !]. 219. A. auriculatum, Metten. (non Sw.). Leaf pinnatisect: segments lanceolate or oblong-lanceolate, acuminate or bluntish, upward auricled at the obliquely cuneate base, sinuate or slightly pinnatifid to one-fourth: lobes dentate-serrulate: veins dichotomous, Sertile at the lowest anterior, in the auricle also at the posterior branches 3 sort linear, ap- ‘proaching the midrib at their base, distant from the margin, inferior (or few) double— Diplazium, Kaulf. A. arboreum, W. sec. Kaulf.: but not arboreous, Hook.! (ex Wr. Cub. 1034).—1}!-2! high ; segments Q"_4!" long, 8-12" broad.—Has. Jamaica}, all oll. ; S. Vincent !, Gudid.; [Cuba ! to Brazil]. ; 220. A. Shepherdi, Spreng. Leaf pinnatisect: segments oblong-lanceolate, acumi- nate, inferior pinnatifid to the middle : lobes ovate, bluntish, appressed-serrulate, gradually decrescent and. passing into serratures in the superior segments : veinlets pinnate, most forked above, anterior inferior or most fertile ; sort linear, anferior approaching the midrib at their base, all distant from the margin, inferior in the superior segments os ee double, 686 FILICES, --Radd. Fil. Bras. t. 54: the form with 2-serial, 54-dés: the younger state with single sori. Hook. Gen. t. 55, f. 3: superior segments.—A. striatum, Z. Herb. (compared by Shepherd), Hook.! (Wr. Cub. 1035, Spruce, Peruv. 4758): from the synonyms given in Hook. Spec. Fil. I exclude: 1° Plum. Fil. t. 18..19 (the origin of 4. striatum, L. Spec., Metten.). 2° A. caracasanum, W. (Fendl. Venez. 129. 8: all sori confined to the upper part of their veinlet, hence distant from the rib and approaching the margin), Metten. Asplen. t. 5. f£. 17. 8°. A. decurtatum, Kze.! (proving to be Spruce, Peruv. 4755: segments deeply pinnatifid to near the rhachis, sori oblong, 1!" long, distant from the rib, while they approach it in the allied A. ¢helypteroides, Mich.: both producing a few Athyrium-sori be- long to that section).—1}'-3! high ; lowest segments longest, 6" long, 12" broad ; longest sori 4” long.—Has. Dominica!, Jmr., 8. Vincent!, Guz/d., Barbadoes!, Shepherd ; (Cuba! to Brazil !]. ttt Veins pinnately divided, lowest penultimate ones on the inferior side of their rib ; leaf stout. 221. A. costale, Sw. Leaf pinnatisect: seyments oblong-lanceolate, acuminate, pin- natifid to the middle, inferior beyond it: lobes oblong, blunt (or subfalcate-pointed), serru- late above: veindets pinnate, simple or 2-partite, most fertile, lowest contiguous at the narrow sinus ; sori linear, 2 lowest close to the midrib, the other to the vein, all extending halfway to the margin of the lobe, lowest anterior double——Segments usually 8-12" long, 8"-4" broad ; lowest sori 4! long.— Has. Jamaica!, Wils.; [New Granada!, Ecuador!]. ° 222. A. striatum, L. sp. (ex Plum.), Metten. Asplen. (non Hook.). Leaf pinnati- sect-2-pinnatisect : primary segments oblong-linear, acuminate, pinnatifid to the middle, in- Jerior (or most) beyond it, or usually pinnatipartite, pinnatisect below : lobes oblong, blunt, serrulate above or serrate: veinlets pinnate, simple, or lower forked and dichotomous, most fertile, lowest distant at the sinus; sori linear, approximate to the vein, extending two- thirds as far as the distance of the maryin of the lobe, lowest anterior double-—Plum. Fil. t. 18. 19.—A dubium, Hook. ! (exclus. synon. Schk. etc.).—Intermediate between A. cos- tale and A. radicans, distinguished from the former by narrower segments ; sori 2! long. a, Leaf pinnatisect, or the lowest segments pinnatisect again at the base : lower segments 6-8" long, 14" broad.—A. dubium, var. pinnato-piunatifida, Hook., e.g. Wr. Cub. 847 : other forins are Wr. Cub. 1038. 1044. = B. bipinnatisectum. Leaf 2-pinnatisect below with slightly pinuatifid secondary segments : middle primary segments pinnatipartite, superior piunatifid, lower 10-12" long, 2"-3!' broad.—A. dubium, Hook., e.g. Wr. Cub. 1039. A radicans, Hook. Gen. ¢. 55. f. 4 (nom Schk.). Has. Jamaica!, Pd.; S. Vincent!, Guild.; [Cuba! to French islands!; Mexico! to Brazil !]. s 223. A. radicans, Schk. Leaf 2-pinnatisect: segments oblong-linear, acuminate, se- condary inferior pinnatifid to the middle : lobes obloug or subquadrate-oblong, serruiate, sub- truncate-blunt, superior passing into serratures: veindets pinnate, most fertile, simple, lower distant at the narrow sinus ; sor oblong-linear, lowest anterior double, approximate to the midrib, all extending from the vein as far as close to the margin of the lobe.— Schk. Crypt. ¢. 76 : the summit of the leaf, the primary segments of which are pinnatipartite.—A. dubium, Metten., Hook. ex parte, e.g. Fendl. Venez. 436: but I regard Raddi’s figure (t. 58), quoted by Mettenius, as doubtful, and exclude also A. bulbiferum, Bernh. (N. Act. Erford. 1802, Asplenium, f. 7), agreeing in the sori, but not in the entire, subdistant special segments.— Lower primary segments 8-12" long, 4-6" broad, secondary inferior 2" long, 8!" broad ; lowest sori 3” long.—lH1aB. Jamaica! (W.) ; [Venezuela! to Brazil]. ##* Leaf 2-3-pinnatisect ; sori short; veins pinnately divided, free, 224, A. australe, Brackenr. Leaf 2-pinnatisect, deltoid at the base: secondary seg- ments pinnatifid to the middle, inferior beyond it, egual at the base : lobes oblong, blunt, serrulate or subentire: veinlets pinnate, simple, most fertile; sori oblong, extending from the vein to or beyond the middle of the lobe, lowest anterior double; ézdusium conver, aften lacerate.—Schh. Crypt. t. 61, Hook, Ic. t. 978.—Allantodia, R. Br. A. Brownii, Hook. A. hians, Mfetlen., Hook.! (Diplazium, Kze.). A. sylvaticum, Moore (ex Hook. Pt. Ind. FILICES. 687 Or). Aspidium umbrosum, Sw., Schk. (non W.).—Lowest primary segments 1! long, 3//— 4" broad; sori 1-4" loug.—Has, Jamaical, Pd. ; [Venezuela !, Ecuador !! Pacific islands to New Zealand, Australia and East Indies !].' , 225. A. Franconis, Metten. Leaf 3-2-pinnatisect, “oblong :” ultimate segments pinnatifid-serrate, upward produced at the base: veinlets pinnate, simple or forked, most fertile ; sort linear, extending from near the vein to or beyond the middle of the segment, , lowest anterior mostly double ; izdusium flattish.—Metten. Asplen. t. 5. J. 30: a leaf- segment.—Diplazium, Licbm. : leaf “ 2~pinuatisect,” while it is usually 38-pinnatisect in the Jamaica Fern.—Habit of 4. fuscoprbescens, Hook. (Spruce, 5416), which I refer to A. alienum, Metten. Primary segments “‘ 4!'—7" long, 2" broad ;” sori 2"”—1!" long.—Has. Jamaica!, March ; [Mexico to Peru]. Sect. 3. ATHYRIUM, Rth.—Sori shortly oblong or half-oval, inferior (or several) produced ee the vein at their extremity and there supported by the auricle of the arcuate in- usium. This section is known to pass into Aspidium: I adopt the arbitrary limits proposed by Mettenius, retaining in Asp/enium those species where the indusium is lateral, and, though often shortly, decurrent along its vein. 226. &. conchatum, Moore. Leaf pinnatisect, ovate-obloug; segments oblong- linear, pinnatipartite, superior deeply piunatitid: lobes or special seyments oblong, blunt, serrate or serrulate : veinlets pinnate, simple, lowest veins on the inferior side of their rib ; most sort shortly oblong or half-oval: indusium convex.—Fée, Polypod. t. 17. 0. f. 1.3. —Hypochlamys pectinata, /¢e.—Primary segments 6-12" long, 14" broad ; sori 3!" long. —Has. Jamaica!, Pd., Al., Wils. ; [Cuba!, Wr. 1045; Haiti !). Series 8. Aspidiese.—Sori confined to special points on the back of the leaf. Subseries 1. Buaspidiess.—Leceptacle flat. Sporangia with a vertical, usually in- complete ring. 38. MENISCIUM, Schred. . Sori shortly arcuate, inserted into the anastomosis of special veinlets, meeting between costate veins, naked.—Leaf usual/y pinnatisect : intercostal vein-arches with a hie append- age ; sori special between the veins, often confluent. 227. M. reticulatum, Sw. Leaf pinnatisect : segments oblong-lanceolate or lanceo- late, acuminate, crenulate-repand or repand, obliquely rounded or cuneate at the subsessile, % or shortly petiolulated base: arches between the veins 12-15.—Plum. Fil, 2.110. Sché. ‘Crypt. t. 5.—-Polypodium, Z.—Segments 4~8"(—-10" long). a, Segments oblong-lanceolate, most subsessile, 1-13" broad: rhachis puberulous. B. sorbifolium, W., Kze. Segments lanceolate, inferior shortly petiolulate, 10-12" broad: rhachis glabresceat.—M. Kapplerianum, Fée /“ Has. Dominica!, Imr., 8. Vincent!, Guild. ; Trinidad!, Lockh.; [French islands! ; Mexico! to Brazil! ; Fernando Po !). 228. ML. angustifolium, 7. Leaf pinnatisect : segments numerons, lanceolate-linear, acuminate, entire, obliquely cuneate or rounded at the petiolulated or subsessile base : arches between the veins 6-8.—M. sorbifolium, Hat. (P/. Wr. 781).—Segments 5-6" long, 6!_§"' broad.—Has. Jamaica!, Wils., Pd., ou stones, in river-courses ; [Cuba!, Panama! to Venezuela !]. 229, ML. serratum, Cav. Leaf pinnatisect: segments lanceolate, acuminate, sharply , serrate, obliquely rounded at the subsessile base : arches between the veins 6-8.—Segments + 5-7" long, 10-12" broad.—Has, Trinidad !, Lockh., Sch. ; [Mexico to Brazil !]. 39. DIDYMOCHLANA, Des». Sori oval, inserted into the thickened extremity of a veinlet : ., 534. —Anthephora —T Aratiacea, 805, ~—dispersa, Zy., 534, ~—— elegans, Schreb., 556. .—Arceuthobium +—-humilis, Kth., 584. Antherylinm, 7., 271. cupressoides, Gr., 315. | maritima, Steud., 534. Anthurium gracile, Gr., 315. +— purpurascens, Poir., 534. Andersomi, Sch., 509. opuntioides, Gr., 315. 4— stricta, Mich., 534. concinnum, Sch., 508. —~*Arcyphyllum, Zil., sect. t—subbiflora, Steud., 534. cordifolium, Kth., 508. Rhynchosiee, 190. +-—Swartziana, Steud., 534. dominicense, Sch., 508. —Ardisia —— Aristolochia fallax, Sch., 508. acuminata, W., 395. arborescens, Desc., 299. Guildingit, Sch., 508. caribea, Miq., 395. barbata, Jacq., 299. Huegelii, Sch., 508. clusioides, Gr,, 396. caudata, Hook., 300. — Aristolochia foetens, Lind/., 299, gigas, Lindl., 299. glaucescens, Kth., 299. grandiflora, Sw., 299. grandiflora, 7, 299. macrura, Mart., 300. obtusata, Sw., 800. odoratissima, L., 299. ringens, V., 299. trilobata, L., 299. ~ ARISTOLOCHIACEA, 299. ——AROIDES, 507. Arracacha esculenta, DC., 809. Arrhenotoma, Gr., sect. Mi- coniz, 258. Arrhostoxylum coccineum, Ws., add. fulgidum, Mart., 452. Artanthe adunea, Miq., 171. aqualis, Mig., 172. INDEX. ; Arum arborescens, Z., 510. auritum, Z., 511. bicolor, Jacg., 511. esculentum, Z., 511. hederaccum, Z., 510. helleborifolium,Jacg., 511. lacerum, Jacg., 510. lingulatum, Z., 510. peregrinum, Z., 511. sagittifolium, Z., 511. Seguine, L., 509. tripartitum, Jacqg.; 510. Arundinella Martinicensis, Tr., 556. pallida, var., WVs., 556. Arundo altissima, Benth., 530. Donaz, L., 530, occidentalis, Sieb., 5380. Phragmites, L. 530. saccharoides, Gr., 530. Aryteea, B/., synon. Ratonie, Brodemeyert, Miq., 170. Ns., 126. caudata, Mig.,170. —». ASCLEPIADEA!, 416, coruscans, Miq., 171. ——pAsclepias geniculata, Miq., 172. curassavica, L., 419. hirsuta, Mig., 171. gigantea, Jacg., 420. jamaicensis, Gr., 170. nivea, L., 419. Lessertiana, Mig., 171. viminalis, Sw., 419, macrophylla, Gr., 171. Ascra Martiana, Mig., 172. brasiliensis, Sch., 21. Meyeri, Mig., 170. Ascyrum nitida, Miq., 170. hypericoides, L., 112. rugosa, Miq., 171. Aspalathus seabra, Miq., 171. ebenus, Z., 189. Schachii, Mzg., 172. Aspasia staminea, Mig., 172. variegata, Lindl., 634, trichostachya, Mig., 1'771— Aspidium tuberculata, Miq., 171. abbreviatum, Schr., 694, ulmifolia, Mig., 170. 697. verrucosa, Gr., 171. xestophylla, Mig., 172. xylopioides, Mzq., 172. xylosteoides, Mzg., 172. Arthrostemma capitatum, Nawd., 267. glomeratum, Naud., 267.- ladanoides, DC., 267. Janceolatum, Gr., 267. latifolium, Don, 266. pumilum, Naud., 267. Arthrostylidium excelsum, Gr., 529. pubescens, Rupr., 529. Artocarpus “ incisa, Li., 152. integrifolia, Z., 152. abbreviatum, Hook., 694. t—aculeatum, Sw., 689. acuminatum, W., 688. acutum, Schh., 688. amplum, Nutt., 691. apiifolium, Schk., 695. articulatum, Schh., 696. ascendens, Hew., 690. asplenioides, Gr., 693. augescens, Lk., 692. aureovestitum, Gr., 692. brachyodon, Gr., 693. Breutelii, Meté., 692. —~cicutarium, Sw., 694. cicutarium, Kz., 690. confertum, H. r., 694. +~_conterminum, Sw., 691. e N17 —LAspidinm coriaceum, Sw., 690. coriandrifolium, Sw., 695. ctenitis, Lk., 692. denticulatum, Sw., 690. deltoideum, Sw., 693. dilaceratum, Kz., 695. effusum, Gr., 690. ensifolium, Schk., 688. exaltatum, Schk., 688. te exaltatum, Sw., 688. excultum, Jfetz., 690. Fadyenii, Mett., 695. [eee W., 695. Sunestum, Kz., 690. glandulosum, H. Gr., 689. gongylodes, Schh,, 693. guianense, Kl., 694. hastifolium, Gr., 694. ~~» heracleifolium, W., 695. hippocrepis, Sw., 695. hirtum, Sw., 691. Imrayanum, Gr., 693. incisum, Gr., 694. incisum, Sw. Herbar., 692. invisum, Sw., 692. Kaulfussii, Z%., 691. Klotzschii, Hook., 690. letum, Sw., 690. letum, Mor., 690. latifolium, Pri., 695. L’Herminieri, Mett., 692. limbatum, Sw., 692. macrophyllum, Sw., 694. macrurum, Hook., 692.. macrurum, Kauif., 692. meniscioides, W., 694. mexicanum, Sw., 690. molle, Sw., 693. Lom molle, Hat., 693. Moritzianum, /., 689. mucronatum, Sw., 689. mucronatum, Schk., 689. nemorosum, W. 691. nodosum, W., 696. oligocarpum, Kth., 691. paraense, W., 688. +—patens, Sw., 692. pectinatum, W., 688. pedatum, Desv., 695. plantagineum, Gr., 696. Plaschnikianum, Kz., 689 platyphyllum, 7., 689. LPlumieri, Pr7., 695. |. polyphylHum, Xz., 691. proliferam, H. Gr., 696. pubescens; Sw., 690. punctulatum, Sw., 688. 718 INDEX. ——~Aspidium reptans, Nutt., 694. rhizophyllum, ‘sw., 689. rigidissimum, Hook., 690. rotundatum, W., 697. _-—=sanctoides, Fée, 691. }-Asplenium r Asplenium 7 Fini Rich., 684. ma Purdiat, Yook., 680. conchatum, Moor., 687. —-pygmeum, L., 683. costale, Sw., 686. radicans, Sehk., 684. cubense, Hook., 685. radicaus, Hook., 686. cultrifolium, L., 680. radicans, Sw., 684. sanctum, Nutt., 691. cuneatum, Lam., 684. recognitum, Kz., 682. sclerophyllum, Eat., 693. decurtatum, Kz., 686. p—vhachirhizon, Radd., 684. sclerophyllum, Kz., 693. 4—delicatulum, Pr/., 683. rhizophorum, L., 683. scolopendrioides, "Mett., \——lentatum, L., 683. rhizophyllum, Kz., 684. 698, 694. dimidiatum, Sw., 682. riparium, Liebm., 680. semicordatum, Sw., 689. dispermum, Kz., 682. Reomerianum, Kz., 685. Serra, Sw., 692. dissectum, Lh., 684. rutaceum, Mett., 684. Serra, Hook., 692. dubium, Hook., 686. salicifolium, Sw., 680. serrulatum, Mett., 693. dubium, Meté., 686. salicifolium, Kau/f., 680. sesquipedale, W., 688. erectum, Bor., 681. salicifolium, Z., 682. —— setosum, Ki, 692. erectum, Mett., 681. salicifolinm, Moor., 680. Sprengelii, Kaul/., 692. erosum, Mett., 682. sanguinolentum, Kz., 680. stenopteris, Az., 694. erosum, Z., 682. Schkuhrianum, Pr/., 681. subincisum, Sied., 692. erosum, Sw., 682. semicordatum, Radd., 680. ——- tetragonum, Mett., 692. Fadyeni, Hook., 684. semihastatum, Kz., 685. tetragonum, var., Hook., falcatum, Sw., 682. Serra, Langsd., 682. 693. falx, Desv., 680. serratum, L., 680. trapezoides, Schh., 689. Fendlerianum, Gr., 685. serrulatum, Sw., 708. trapezoides, Sz., 689. Jjirmum, Kz., 681. [—~ Shepherdi, Spr., 685. triangulum, Sw., 689, —flabellulatum, Kz., 684. striatum, L., sp., 686. tridens, Hook., 689. 4— foeniculaceum, K7/., 683. +— striatum, L., herb., 686. ——trifoliatum, Sw., 695. Sormosum, W., 683. sylvaticum, Moor., 686. truncatulum, Sw., 688. 4+-—~/fragrans, Sw., 683. —t helypteroides, Mich., 686. umbrosum, Sw., 687. Franconis, Mett., 687. I~ Tiichomanes, Huds, 683. unitum, Sw., 693. 4— furcatum, Thunb., 682. umbrosum, Kaulf. ., 682. villosum, Sw., 690. fuscopubescens, Hook.,687. zamiifolium, Kz., 682. viscidulum, Mett., 689. gibbosum, Fée, 680. Asterandra, Ki., sect. Phyl- Wrightii, Zat., 694. graminoides, Sw., 672. lanthi, 34. Aspidosperma grandifolium, Sw., 685, | Astraca, Kl., sect. Crotonis, sessiliflora, J. Miill., 411. harpeodes, Kz., 681. . 42. —— Asplenium- hians, Mett., 686. a L__ lobata, KL, 42. abscissum, A7,, 681. hymenodes, Mett., 685. Astreeopsis, Gr, sect. Croto- abscissum, Radd., 681. integerrimum, Spr., 680. nis, 40. adiantoides, Radd., 684. juglandifolium, Law.,685. | Astragalus alatum, Kth., 681. Kapplerianum, Kz., 680. lannginosus, Dese., 203. alienum, Mett., 687. Karstenianum, K1., 684. | Astrocaryum -—anceps, Sol., 683. anisophyllum, var., at., 680. -~——anthriscifolium, Jacg., 682. arboreum, W:, 685. auriculatum, Metz., 685. auriculatum, Sw., 680, auritum, Sw., 682. australe, Brackenr., 686. bissectum, Sw., 682. brasiliense, Radd., 681. bulbiferum, Bernh., 686. caracasanum, W., 686. celtidifolium, Mett., 685, cicutarium, Sted., 684. -———cicutarium, Sw., 684, letum, Sw., 681. lunulatum, Sw., 681. Macrei, H. Gr., 684. marginatum, L., 680. marinum, L., 681. martinicense, W., 684. monteverdense, Hz., 644. myriophyllum, Spr., 684. nanum, /WV., 683. nodosum, L., 649. oblusifolium, L., 68). _ plantagineum, Ly 684. ——preemorsum, Sw., 682. proliferum, Sw., 696. —~pumilum, Sw., 683. pleropus, Kaulf., 688. aureum, Gr. Wendl., 521. Tucuma, Mart., 521. Astronium obliquum, Gr., 176. Athensea, Sendin., 435. Athyrium, Rzz., sect. Asple- nii, 687 —rAtropa arborescens, Z., 435. Atta, Mart., sect. Anone, 5. Attalea Cohune, Mart., 522. Angustinea, Karst., sect. Bac- tris, 520. Aulacocarpus quadrangularis, Gr., 239. oo Ballota ! a= Ayenia we Baccharis — suaveolens, Z., 489. Aulomyrcia, By., sect. Myr- cie, 284, coriacea, Bg., 284. Jacquiniana, By., 234, multiflora, By., 234. AURANTIACES, 18. Averrhoa Bilimhi, L., 138. Carambola, L., 183. Avicennia nitida, Jacq., 502. tomentosa, Jacq., 502. tomentosa, Sw., 502. Aydendron argenteum, Gr., 285. bracteatum, Ns., 284, citrifolium, Ns., 284. microbotryum, Ns., 281. sericeum, Gr., 284. cordifolia, DC., 91. levigata, Sw., 91. magna, L., 91. pusilla, L., 92. dioica, V., 366. myrsinites, Pers., 366. nervosa, DC., 366. scoparia, Sw., 366. speciosa, DC., 366. Vahlii, DC., 366. Bactris acanthocnemis, Mart., 520. Cruegeriana, Gr. Wendl., 520. Cuesa, Cr., 520. major, Jacq., 520. minor, Sw., 520. Pavoniana, Mart., 520. Plumieriana, Mart., 520. simplicifrons, Mart., 519. Badiera diversifolia, DC., 29, corr. Badula, Juss., sect. Ardisiee= 395. caribaea, A. DC., 395. Lamarckiava, A. DC., 395. lateriflora, Gr., 3895. Beopteris, Gr., sect. Stig- maphylli, 118. Bailleria aspera, 4ubl., 367. BaLanopuor, 309. ot — disticha, L., 491. —Banara, Auél., sect. Trilicis, INDEX. -Bambusa, arundinacea, Ai¢., 528. arundinacea, Sted., 528. latifolia, Humd., 528. Steberi, Gr., 528. surinamensis, Rupr, 528. Thouarsii, Kth., 528. vuigaris, Schr., 528. 22. glandulosa, Zud., 22. Bancroftia diffusa, Maef., 17. Banisteria allophylla, Rchb., 118. brachyptera, DC., 118. calcitrapa, Desv., 118. ciliata, Zam., 118. cerulea, Lam., 120. convolvulifolia, Cav., 118. dichotoma, Mey., 118. diversifolia, Ath., 119. emarginata, Cav., 119. emarginata, DC., 119. fulgens, DC., 118. fulgens, Lam., 118. laurifolia, Z., 120. Jaurifolia, Sied., 115. longifolia, Sw., 119. macrocarpa, Pers., 119. magnolifolia, Desv., 119. microphylla, Jaeg., 120. + ovata, Cav., 118. parviflora, Vent., 119. pauciflora, Kth., 118. periplocifolia, Desf., 119. purpurea, Z., 119. splendens, DC., 118. splendens, Maef., 119. umbellata, Sted., 115. Barbilus, P. Br., syn. Trichi- liee, corr. Barhamia, A7., sect. Croto- nis, 41. ovalifolia, A7Z., 41. rBarleria nitida, Jacg., 454. Basella vesicaria, Lam., 60. Bassia Jussia@i, Tuss., 402. + Bastardia bivalvis, Kth., 80. Lu crispa, St. Hil., 79. parvifolia, Xth., 80. viscosa, kth., 80. .Batatas, 2, sect., Tpomcr; 7 — ot 719 — Batatas 4+~—~acetosifolius, Chois., 471. cissoides, Chois., 4738. edulis, Chois., 468. glaber, Benth., 468. Jalapa, Chois., 469. ‘paniculatus, Chozs., 469. pareirifolius, Chozs., 469. pentaphyllus, Chozs., 467. quinquetolius, Chois, 468. —-Batis |__- maritima, L., 61. Bauhinia aculeata, Jacg., 214. acuminata, Desé., 214. aurita, A7z¢., 213. Brademeyeri, Voy., 214. macrophylla, Poir., 214. megalandra, Gy., 2138. microphylla, Voy., 218. multinervia, Kth., 218. Outimoutou, 4ud/., 214, porrecta, Sw., 213. pubescens, DC., 214. riparia, Splitg., 214, splendens, Kth., 214. variegata, L., 214. ungula, Jacq., 214. Beccerelia cymosa, Brongn., 579. Meckeliana, Ns., 579. Begonia acuminata, Dry., 304. acutifolia, Jacq., 304. domingensis, A. DC., 304. dominicalis, A. DC., 804. glabra, Audl., 305, glandulifera, Gr., 304. humilis, Dry., 304. jamaicensis, A. DC., 304. macrophylla, Dry., 305. martinicensis, A. DC., 304. nitida, Dry., 304. Purdieana, A. DC., 305: rotundifolia, Dry., 304. scandens, Sw., 305. ulmifolia, W., 305. Wageneriana, Hook., 304. —7 Beeoniacem, 303. Begoniastrum, 4. DC., sect. Begonie, 304. Bellucia Aubleti, Naud., 263. t Beloere, Gr., sect. Abutili, 78. }-Beloperoue nemorosa, Ns., 456. rBernardia 468. carpinifolia, Gr., 45, corr. 720 Bertholletia ercelsa, Humb., 243. Bertiera guianensis, Aubl., 321. Besleria Berteriana, DC., 464. cristata, L., 463. lutea, J, 463. melittifolia, Z., 462. - pulchella, Don, 463. violacea, Audl., 445. ~— Beureria domingensis, Gr., 482. exsucca, Jacq., 482. succulenta, Jacq., 481. tomentosa, Don, 481. Beyrichia scutellarioides, Bth., 429. -—~Bidens ~~—anthriscoides, DC., 373. ——bipinnatus, Tx, B78. ~— brachycarpus, DC., 373. Coriopsidis, DC., 373. ——cynapiifolius, Azh., 873. hirsutus, Sw., 375. ——-leucanthus, W., 373. ~—niveus, Sw., 372. —— parviflorus, W., 373. — pilosus, Z., 373. ~—— portoricensis, Spr., 373. scandens, D., 375. scandens, Sw., 375. speciosus, Gardz., 378. squarrosus, Kth., 373. tereticaulis, DC., 373. Bifrenaria aurantiaca, Lindl., 628. ~— Bigelowia alata, Bartl., 350. ——Bignonia —aequinoctialis, L., 448. °. _ sequinoctialis, Sied., 448. alliacea, Lam., 450. eerulea, Z., 446. erucigera, Bert., 449. —=crucigera, L., 450. echinata, Audl., 449. laurifolia, V., 448. leucoxylon, L., 447. longisiliqua, Jacg., 446. longissima, Jacg., 446. Martini, DC., 448. mollis, V., 448. paniculata, Jacg., 450. pentaphylla, L., 447. pentaphylla, West., 447. Quercus, Lam., 446. rufinervis, Hofm., 448, —7Bignonia 4—.spectabilis, 7, 448. —+ BIGNONIACEA, 444, ——--BixXINEz, 20. | —TBletia INDEX. |_— sarmentosa, Bert., 448. serratifolia, V., 447. Sinelairii, Benth., 448. l~—~stans, L., 448. triphylla, Spr., 446. uncinata, Mey., 449. unguis, L,, 448, Billardiera “7 | paniculata, V., 339. Billbergia 4 clavata, Lendl., 593. Tutea, Schalt., 593. - nudicaulis, Lindl., 593. 77] pyramidalis, Beer., 593. purpureorosea, Hook., 593-7 Bixa Orellana, L., 20. Blakea Hostmanni, Naud., 263. laurifolia, Naud., 263. quinguenervis, 4ud/., 263. superba, Naud., 263. trinervis, L., 2638. -Blechnum +— cartilagineum, Scht., 673. divergens, Mett., 673. +——glandulosum, Kz., 673. gracile, Kaulf., 673. longifolium, Kth., 673. kb occidentale, L., 678. s polynodioides, Radd., 672. +——serrulatum, Rich., 673. volubile, Kaulf., 673. lechum angustifolium, R. Br., 453. Brownei, Suss., 453. laxiflorum, Juss., 453. trinitense, Ws., 453. capitata, R. Br., 628. carinata, G. Rehd., 621. cordata, G. Rehd., 620. eucullata, G. Rehb., 620. domingensis, @..Rchd.,621. —-Jlorida, R. Br., 621. montana, G. Rehb., 622. nodosa, G. Rché., 621. patula, Lindl., 622. purpurea, DC., 622. Blighia superbiens, G. Rehd., 620. Tankerviller, R. Br. 622, verecunda, R. Br., 622. vomeriformis, G. Rchb.621. sapida, Keen.,.125. -Bocconia Srutescens, L., 18. + Boshmeria L- caudata, Sw., 160. cylindrica, W., 160. hirta, Sw., 160. |_—litoralis, Sw., 160. ramiflora, Jacq., 160. urticifolia, Pers., 160. | Boerhavia caribera, Jacq., 69. “erecta, L., 69. diffusa, Sw., 69. hirsuta, W., 69. paniculata, Rich., 69. scandens, 1... 69. Bohadschia, Prl., older name for Triacis, corr. Bolbophyllaria, G. Rchb., sect. Bolbophylli, 613. Bolbophyllum pachyrhachis, Gr., 613.. —angustifolium, /., 673. ~7BomBaces, 87. eo-—attenuatum, Mett., 673. —~ Bombax Ceiba, Linn., 88. grandiflorum, Cav., 88. pentandrum, Cav., 88. pyramidale, Cav., 88. Bombicella, DC., sect. Hi- bisci, 85. Bonafousia, 4. DC., sect. Ta- bernemontane, 409. undulata, 4. DC., 409. Bonnetia racemosa, Sw., 110. Bontia daphnoides, L., 503. —t BorraGInEa, 477. — Borrera Bartlingiana, DC., 350. ericoides, Cham. Schl. 350. Fockeana, Mig., 350. i levis, Gr., 349. parviflora, Mey., 349. . Perrotatii, Benth., 350. Perrotetii, DC., 349. padocephala, DO., 350. parviflora, G. Rehd., 622. +—sexangularis, Cham. Schl. 549, simplex, Gr., 350. rigida, G. Rehd., 622. Shepherdii, Hook., 622. spinosa, Cham. Schl. 350. tetraptera, Mig., 350. Borrera thymifolia, Gr., 350. vaginata, Cham. Schl., 349. verticillata, Mey., 350. -—Borrichia ——~—~ arborescens, DC., 871. vom argentea, DC., 871. ==—=Borya ——— portosa, W., 406. Bouchea Ehrenbergit, Cham., 493. — Bonteloua ——~- aristidoides, Gr., 537. elatior, Gr., 587. litigiosa, Lag., 587. ——~Brachistus macrophyllus, Mrs., 433. Brachyloma, Hanst., synon. Isoloma, Dees., 459. -Brachypteris borealis, Juss., 117. Brachyrhamphus caribeeus, DC., 384. tntybaceus, DC., 384. sonchifolius, DC., 384. Brachystachys hirta, K7/., 42. Brandesia, Mart., sect. Ma- giphanis, 64. Brassavola cordata, Lindl., 620. cucullata, R. Br., 620. elegans, Hook., 622. nodosa, Lindl., 621. nodosa, Hook., 620. pumilio, G. Rehb., 621. Sloanei, Gr., 620. subulifolia, Zend/., 620. venosa, Lind/., 621. vomeriformis,G. Rchb. 621. —~Brassia caudata, Lindl., 633. maculata, R. Br., 633. Bravaisia floribunda, DC., 453. Bredemeyera, W., corr. — Breyniastrum, DC. sect. parvifolia, Rich., 432. Capparis, 17. undulata, Sw., 432. ~—Brickelia < Brya “= diffusa, As. Gr., 356. ebenus, DC., 189. Brignolia —-Bryonia acuminata, DC., 320. ™ Brizoma, Nutt., sect. Era- grostis, 532. Brocchinia Plumieri, Gr., 593. + Bromus —Brachiaria, Zr., sect. Paniciststerilis, L., 531, INDEX. Bromelia aquilega, Sadisd., 592. bracteata, Si., 592. capituligera, Rehd., 592, Karatas, 591. lingulata, Z., 591. longifolia, Rudg., 591. lutea, Mey., 593. melanantha, Lind?., 598. nudicaulis, L., 593. paniculigera, Rchd., 592. + paniculigera, Sw., 593. Pinguin, L., 591. + BROMELIACE, 590. —_ Brosimum - Alicastrum, Sw., 152. = Aubletii, P. E., 152, spurium, Sw., 152. Brosszea anastomosans, Gr., 142. Broughtonia sanguinea, R. Br., 620. Broussonetia tinetoria, Ath., 158, Browallia demissa, L., 431, nervosa, Mrs., 431. Brownia coccinea, Lajfl., 212. latifolia, Jacq., 212. Rosa, Berg., 212. Rosa, Zam.; 212. speciosa, Rehb., 212. . Brugmausia suaveolens, G. Don, 438. Bruinsmia isertioides, Mig., 320. Brunellia comocladifolia, Kth., 139. Brunfelsia americana, Sw., 432. fallax, Duch.,“432. Hopeana, Benth., 432, —™ Jamaicensis, Gr., 432. nitida, Benth., 432. =_ 1 — ! glandulosa, P. #., 286. Bryophyllum alone, Salisb., 303. Bubroma 721 | Bucholzia, Mart., sect. Alter- nantherz, 67, j— maritima, Mart., 67. }polygonoides, Mart., 67. Bucida angustifolia, DC., 277. angustifolia, Spruce, 277. Buceras, L., 276. capitata, V., 277. Buddleja p—americana, L., 427. r— occidentalis, R. P., 427, | Buchnera, tw Clongata, Sw., 428. elongata, Spruce, 428. longifolia, Kth., 428, rupestris, Sw., 330. Buettneria brevipes, Benth., 92. catalpifolia, Jacq., 92. microphylla, L., 91, 92, corr. ramosissima, Pohi, 92. scabra, L., 92. scalpellata, PoAd, 92. virgata, Pohl, 92. SBUETINERIACE, 90. Bujacia gampsonychia, £. Mey., 193. Bulbostylis [~ diffusa, DC.. 356, -Bumelia buxifolia, W., 402. Crueyerii, Gr., 401, te—cuneata, Sw., 401. montana, Sw., 401. ——Inyr'sinifolia, A. DC, 401. nigra, Bert., 401. nigra, Sw., 400. pallida, Sw., 399. pentagona, Sw., 401. retusa, Sw., 401. rotundifolia, Sw., 401. salicifolia, Sw., 401. e Bunchosia glandulosa, Rich., 115. Swartziana, Gr., 115. Lindeniana, Juss., 115. media, DC., 115. media, Macf., 115. nitida, Juss., 116. paniculata, DC., 120. polystachya, DC., 116. Bunias Cakile, Desc., 14. + Buphthalmum +— arborescens, Z., 271. Guazuma, V., 90. 722 —Buphthalmum ——frutescens, var., Z., 371. Burmannia ——:capitata, Mart., 606. ~BuRMANNIACES, 605. ~~ Bursera acuminata, W., 173. gunmifera, L., 173. simplicifolia, DC., 173. —~Buxus Purdieana, Bail/., corr. Byrsonima Berteroana, Juss., 114. cinerea, DC., 114. coriacea, DC., 114. crassifolia, Kth., 114, crassifolia, Zuz., 114. lucida, Rich., 115. spicata, Rich., 115. trinitensts, Juss., 115. verbascifolia, Rich., 114. americana, Mett., 15. volubilis, DC., 121. -» Caballeria wo coriacea, Mey., 393. Cabrera, Lag., sect. Paspali, 543. —Cacalia sonchifolia, Z., 381. Porophyllum, Z., 379. — Cactus alatus,; Sw., 302. coccinellifer, Z., 302. Ficus-indica, Z., 302. fimbriatus, Dese., 301. flagelliformis, Z., 301. grandiflorus, Z., 301. mammillaris, Z., 300. melocartus, Z., 300. —~purasiticus, Z., 302. —— pendulus, Sw., 302. Pereskia, Z., 303. peruvianus, var., Z., 301. peruvianus, Sw., 301. peruvianus, Zuss., 301. pseudotuna, Macf., 302. repandus, Z., 301. repandus, Macf., 301. spinosissimus, W., 302, triacantha, W., 302. triangularis, Z., 301. Tuna, Z., 302. ~Cactrs, 800. Cacoucia coccinea, Aubl., 275. Cenopteris, Berg.,‘sect. As- 7 plenii, 683. myriophylla, Sw., 684. r—-Cresalpinia . ~ ot Ceenopteris Cajanus + Cakile Calathea INDEX. rhizophylla, Sw., 684. bahamensis, Zam., 205. bijuga, Sw., 205. brasiliensis, Z., 206. coriaria, Humd., 206. . crista, L., 205. glandulosa, Beré., 205. horrida, Rich., 205. pulcherrima, Sw., 205. sepiaria, Roxb., 205. xu —7 Calliandra Saman, Gr., 225. Spruceana, Benth., 222. tergemina, Benth., 224. tubulosa, Benth., 225. —7Callicarpa ampla, Schaz., 501. ——Serruginea, Sw., 499. integrifolia, Jacg., 499. reticulata, Sw., 499. Callicocea, DC., sect. pheelis, 346. Ce- vesicaria, Z., 205, corr. “~tCallioreas, Cham., sect. Lan- bicolor, DC., 191. flavus, DC., 191. indicus, Spr., 191. egyptiaca, Tuss., 14. equalis, L’Hér., 14. cubensis, Ath., 14. maritima, L., 15. maritima, Rich., 14. aculeatum, Mzg., 5.10. arborescens, Mey., 510. arborescens, Vent., 510. lacerum, Z., 510. tripartitum, /7., 510. Allouya, Lindl., 604. Cachibou, Lind/., 604. Casapito, Mey., 660. comosa, Lindl., 604. discolor, Mey., 604. lutea, Mey., 604. myrosma, Lindl., 604. tan, 496. Callisia monandra, R. S., 524, repens, L., 524. umbellulata, Lam., 524. umbellulata, Sied., 528. Calodracon Sieberi, Pl., 585. —Calonyction, Chois.,sect. Ipo- “meee, 466. grandiflorum, Chozs., 467. Caladium +——megalocarpon, Rich., 466. a—speciosum, Chois., 466. Calophyllum Calaba, Jacq., 108. | Calotropis procera, R. Br., 420. Calycogonium glabratum, DC., 245. glabratum, Macf., 245. rhamnoideum, WNaud., 245. . Calycolpus calophylius, Benth., 241. ovalifolius, Bg., 241. jamaicensis, L., 379. lobata, Sw., 381.° oppositifolia, Z., 376. scoparia, Z., 366. solidaginea, Kth., 379. Calliandra comosa, Benth., 225. Cruegerit, Gr., 224. dysantha, Benth., 224. Quildingii, Benth., 225. latifolia, Gr., 225. p—porloricensis, Benth., 224 purpurea, Benth., 224. hamatomma, Benth., 224. strobilifera, Miqg., 604. Calycophyllum ~~-Calea ; coccineum, DC., 325. Acmellus, Z., 375. Calydermis r—aspera, Jacg., 372. jamaicensis, Spr., 362. cordifolia, Si., 379. —-Calyptranthes 7 Chytraculia, Sw., 232. pallens, Gr., 238. rigida, Sw., 233. rigida, Macf., 233. rigida, Zwss., 238. sericea, Gr., 238. Syzygium, Sw., 232. Tussariana, Bg., 233. uniflora, Spring, 283. Wilsoni, Gr., 233. Calyptrion Aubletii, Ging., 26. nitidum, Benth., 26. Calyptrocarya angustifolia, Ns., 580. INDEX. Capparis Calyptronoma - : Swartzti, Gr., 518. Baducea, Z., 19. Calyptrostylis Breynia, Jacg., 17. fascicularis, Ns., 575. florida, Ns., 575. Camara, Cham., sect. Lan tanee, 495, Camaridium imbricatum, Lind/., 626. ochroleucum, Lindl., 627. vestitum, Zndl., 626. Cameraria angustifolia, L., 410. latifolia, V., 410. retusa, Gr., 410. ~~ CaAMPANULACES, 388. Campelia Zanonia, Rich., 528. Campomanesia aromatica, Gr., 242. ~~ Campuloclinium surinamense, Mig., 357. Campyloneurum, Pr? cubense, Fée, 702. Moritzianum, Fée, 702. : Cananga odorata, J. Hook., 7. — Canavalia altissima, Macf., 197. ensiformis, DC., 197. obtusifolia, DC., 197. rosea, DC., 197. —Canella —alba, Murr., 109. alba, Ns., 109. ——laurifolia, Zodd., 109. —~CANELLACES, 108. Canna Buckei, Weinm., 603. coccinea, Ait., 603. discolor, Zind/., 603. edulis, Ker., 608. glauca, L., 603. wndica, L., 603. Lamberti, Lindl., 603. maculata, Ls., 6038. occidentalis, Rosc., 603. pallida, Rose., 608. surinamensis, Mig., 603. “~ Cannabis = sativa, L., 160. Caperonia castaneifolia, St. Hil., 43. palustris, St. Hil., 43. “~ CAPPARIDES, 15. —Capparis amplissima, Zam., 19. a amygdalina, Lam., 17. j —_| - 4 ~ 4— Breynia, Z., 18. Breynia, Sw., 18. commutata, Sted., 111. commutata, Spr., 19. cuneata, DC., 19. |_ cynophallophora, L., 18. emarginata, Rich., 18. eustachiana, Jacg., 18. Serruginea, L., 17. ferruginea, Desc., 18. p—~flexuosa, L., 18. Srondosa, Jacq., 19. hastata;Z.;.18. jamaicensis, Jacq., 18. intermedia, Kth., 18. levigata, Mart., 18. longifolia, Sw., 17. octandra, Jacg., 17. saligna, 7, 18. siliquosa, Z., 18. torulosa, Sw., 18. verrucosa, Jacq., 19. » Capraria bifora, Li., 427. 4. durantifolia, L., 429. mexicana, Morie., 427. CAPRIFOLIACEA, 315. Caproxylum Hedwigii, Tuss., 174. rCapsella - + Bursa-pastoris, Mch., 14, Capsicum -—~baccatum, L., 436. be baccatum, Desc., 436. [—frutescens, L., 436. ke Jaurifoliam, Dun., 436. Caraguata lingulata, Lindl., 598. serrata, Sch., 599. Carapa guianensis, Aubl., 131. procera, DC., 181. mCardamiue Le firsuta, L., 18. tr sylvatica, Macf., 18. PCardiospermum | acuminatum, Mig., 122. —Corindum, Z., 122. K—corycodes, Kz., 122. grandiflorum, Sw., 122. —— Halicacabum, L., 122. L._loxense, Kth., 122. —microcarpum, Kth., 122. mee Kth., 122. villosum, Macf., 122. —_ — 723 Carex r- cladostachya, Wahl., 580. hamata, Sw., 581. lithosperma, Z., 578. 4——polystachya, Wahl., 580. scabrella, Wahl., 580. Carica cauliflora, Jacq., 290. prosoposa, L., 290. t+— Papaya, L., 290. Carludovica angustifolia, Scem., 513. ° gracilis, Liebm., 518. insignis, Duch., 513. latifolia, R. P., 513. palmata, Gr., 513. palmifolia, W., 513. Plumieri, Kth., 513. Plumieri, Gr., 513. Carolinea insignis, Sw., 88. princeps, L., 88. PCARYOPHYLLED, 54. Caryophyllus aromaticus, L., 235. | Cascarilla, Gr., sect. Croto- nis, 38 Casearia brevipes, Benth., 24. corymbosa, Kth., 24. hirsuta, Sw., 28. hirta, Sw., 23. Hostmanniana, Stead., 28. lanceolata, Miy., 23. mollis, A¢h., 23. nitida, Jacq., 24. nitida, Szeb., 23. odorata, Maef., 24. parviflora, Jacg., 23. parviflora, W., 23. parvifolia, W., 23. ramiflora, V., 24, serrata, Macf., 23. serrulata, Sw., 28. serrulata, Sied., 23. spinosa, V., 24. stipularis, Vent., 23. sylvestris, Sw., 23. | ulmifolia, 7., 28. | Casparea aurita, Gr., 218. porrecta, Kth., 2138. Cassia peemA sus, L., 210. t—Aischynomene, DC., 211. alata, L., 209. ampliflora, me 208. c \ + « == Cassia 724 INDEX. “> Cassia - angustisiliqua, Lam., 208, -—~smaragdina, Macf., 211. arborea, Mac/., 208. arborescens, V., 208. bacillaris, L., 207. bahamensis, M7//., 208. —bicapsularis, L., 207. — biftora, L., 208. bifoliolata, DC., 210. pbrasiliana, Lam., 207. calliantha, Mey., 208. caracasana, Jacq., 209. — Chamecrista, L., 211. —— Chamecrista, Sw., 211. ———chrysophylla, Rich., 208. cuneata, DC., 210, corr. diphyla, L., 210. diffusa, Salzm., 210. discolor, Desv., 208. —emarginata, L., 207. Fistula, Z., 206. florida, V., 208. ~——fulgens, Macf., 208. fulgens, Wadd., 208. gigantea, Bert., 208. glandulosa, L., 210. glauca, Lam., 208. grandis, L., 207. hirsuta, L., 209. javanica, Lun., 207. levigata, W., 207. ligustrina, L., 208. lineata, Sw., 208. longisiliqua, Z., 208. magnifica, Mart., 208. marginata, Roxb., 207. melanocarpa, Bert., 207. mimosotdes, I, 211. . multiguga, Rich., 208. /——nicticans, L., 211. obcordata, Sw., 208. obovata, Coll., 209. w——obtusifolia, L., 209. — occidentalis, L., 209. patellaria, DC., 211. pilosa, L., 210. planisiliqua, Zam., 208. Plumieri, DC., 208. polyadena, DC., 210. pratexta, Voy., 211. prostrata, Kth., 210. pygmea, DC., 210. rotundifolia, Pers., 210. Roxburghii, DC., 207. Selloi, Don, 208. Senna, Sw., 209. ——sericea, Sw., 209. serpens, L., 210. | spectabilis, DC., 208. stricta, Schrh., 211, sulfurea, DC., 208. Swartzii, Wickstr., 211. tomentosa, L., 207. s——Tora, Z., 209. Trinitatis, Rchd., 208. tenenifera, Rodsch., 209. viminea, L., 207. virgata, Sw., 211. l-—-viscosa, Mac/., 210. Cassine maurocenia, Sied., 147. xylocarpa, Vent., 145. Cassipaurea alba, Gr, 274. elliptica, Poir., 274. guianensis, Aubl., 274. ~—+-Cassyta americana, Ns., 285. filiformis, Jacg., 285. Castela erecta, Turp., 140. Nicholsonii, Hook., 140. Casuarina i eguisetifolia, Forst., 177. +~Catalpa longisiliqua, Cham., 446. longissima, Sims, 446. Catasetum cernuum, G, Rehd., 631. tridentatum, Hook., 631. trifidum, Hook., 631. lanthi, 33. Catesbeea campanulata, Ram., 317. latifolia, Lindl., 317. longiflora, St., 317. macrantha, Rich., 317. parviflora, Sw., 317. parvifolia, DC., 317. spinosa, C., 317. Vavassorii, Spr., 328, Catocoma lucida, Benth., 29, corr. Catopsis nitida, Gr., 599. nutans, Gr., 599. Cattleya Deckeri, X7., 620. domingensis, Lend/., 621. Skinneri, Batem., 620. Caulanthon, Benth, Calliandree, 225, undulata, Benth. 207. ~~ Ceanothus asiaticus, Z., 101. Chloroxylon, Ws., 286. colubrinus, Lam., 100. cubensis, Brongn., 100. enferreus, DC., 100. reclinatus, Z’Hér., 101. sarcomphalus, DC., 100. spherocarpus, DC., 99. Cecropia palmata, W., 158. obtusa, Zrée., corr., 153. peltata, L., 1538, corr. Cedrela odorata, L., 181. woe ELASTRINEE, 145. —+-Celastrus myrtifolius, var., Z., 231. umbellatus, 7., 101. e=et>Celosia argentea, L., 62. nitida, V., 62. paniculata, Dese., 62. paniculata, Z., 62. paniculata, W”., 62. —rCeltis aculeata, Sw., 149. jamaicensis, P/., 149, Lamarckiana, R. S., 150. Lima, Lam., 150. Lima, Sw., 150. micrantha, Sw., 150. mollis, W., 150, corr. rufesceus, .P?., 150. Swartzii, P/., 149. trinervia, Lam., 149. Catastylium, Gr., sect. PhylCenchrus dactylolepis, Stewd., 556. jem eChinatus, L., 556. +—granularis, Z., 557. +——platyacanthus, -Azders., 556. pungens, A7Zh., 556. setosus, Sw., 556. spinifer, Cav., 556. r= tribuloides, L., 556. viridis, Spr., 556. Centratherum muticum, Less., 854. Centropogon Berterianus, 4. DC., 385. surinamensis, Pri., 385. Centrosema JSasciculatum, Benth., 193. hastatum, Benth., 193. intermedium, Rich., 193. sect, ~—-pascuorum, Benth., 198. Plumieri, Benth., 192. ae we Centrosema é pubescens, Benth., 192. ~—— virginianum, Benth., 193. virginianum, Gr., 198. ——Centrospermum —~—~——xanthioides, Kth., 369. ~——Centrusa, Gr., sect. Ama- ranti, 68. =~ Centunculus pentandrus, R. Br., 390. tenellus, Dud., 390. Cephelis axillaris, Sw., 847. elata, Sw., 346. muscosa, Sw., 847. punicea, V., 346. Swartzii, DC., 346. tomentosa, W., 346. violacea, Sw., 346. Cephaloschoeuns globosus, Ns., 574. Ceranthus, Schred., sect. Li- nocierze, 405. —Cerastium ——glomeratum, Thuill., 55. +——spathulatum, Pers, 55. men viscosum, L., 55, Cerasus occidentalis, Zozs., 231. reflexa, Gardn., 231. spherocarpa, Hook., 23 =~ spherocarpa, Lots., 231. ——— CERATOPHYLLES, 12. —Ceratophyllum ——~demersum, L., 12. Ceratopteris thalietroides, Brgn., 672. Ceratosanthes tuberosa, Spr, 889. ———~Cerbera women Thevetia, Z., 407. —~ Cereus Curtisii, Lk. Ott., 301. ertophorus, Lk. Ott., 801. flagelliformis, Mill., 301. grandiflorus, Haw., 301. peruvianus, Macf., 301. repandus, Haw., 301. Royeni, DC., 301. Royeni, Hook., 301. Swartzii, Gr., 301. triangularis, Haw., 301. —Cestrum alaternoides, Desf., 444. Bellasombra, Desv., 4440] caulifloram, Jacg., 435. chloranthum, Dun., 443, . conglomeratum, R.P.,444. ore — pallidum, Lam., 443. Peeppigii, Sendin., 443. Schottii, Sendtn., 444. subtriflorum, Dun., 444. tinctorium, Jacg., 443. vespertinum, Sied., 444. Cheenocephalus petrobioides, Gy., 874. Cheenopleura : Serruginea, Cr., 259. longifolia, Gr., 260. quadrangularis,;, Macf..—~ 260 were stelligera, Maef., 259. — -Cheetaria, P. B., sect. Aris-4 tide, 534. Cheetocalyx vincentinus, DC., 189. Cheetocyperus polymorphus, Ws., 569. + rugulosus, Vs., 569. Cheetogastra chamecistus, Gr., 267. chironioides, Gr., 267. cistoides, Gr., 267. havanensis, DC., 268. lanceolata, DC., 268. longifolia, DC., 268. strigosa, DC., 266. Chailletia peduncularis, DC., 149. CHAILLETIACES Chalarium, DC., sect. Des- modii, 187. + Chameecrista, DC., sect. Cas- size, 210. + Chameefistula, DC., sect. Cas- siz, 207. rChamesenna, DC., sect. Cas- sie, 207 Chamissoa _ altissima, Kth., 62. INDEX. 725 ——r Cestrum —+Chaptalia depauperatum, Dun., 443." dentata, Cass., 383. diurnum, L., 444, a—tomentosa, Veut., 383. fastigiatum, Jacg., 444. Charianthus fotidissimum, Jacg., 444. ciliatus, DC., 264. Forsythii, Dun., 444. coccineus, Don, 2638. hirsutum, Jacg., 444, crinitus, Nauwd., 264. hirtum, Sw., 444. Fadyeni, Gr., 264. hirtum, Szed., 4438. glaberrimus, DC., 264. latifolium, Lam., 448. purpureus, Don, 264. laurifolium, L’Hér., 444. tinifolius, Don, 264. macrophyllum, Vent., 443. | Chasmanthus, L., sect. megalophyllum, Dun., 444. Uniole, 531. . nocturnum, L., 444, Chayota odontospermum, Jucq., edulis, Jacg., 286. 444, --Cheilanthes elongata, Hat., 667. ferruginea, W., 668. marginata, Kth., 667. microphylla, Sw., 667. pedata, A. Br., 667. radiata, J. Sm., 667. repens, Kaulf., 666. trichomanoides, Jfet?.,668. Chelonanthus, Gr., sect. Li- sianthi, 424, CHENOPODE, 59. + Chenopodiastrum, Mog., sect. Chenopodii, 60. t Chenopodium bam aldum, L., 60. +—uambrosioides, L., 60. —anthelminticum, L., 60. caudatum, Jacq., 68. urate, L., 60. +—-spathulatum, Sied., 60. Chevalliera lingulata, Gr., 591. ornata, Gaud., 591. Chicharronia . intermedia, Rich., 276. Chiloglossa, Oerst., sect. Di- anthere, 455. Chimarrhis cymosa, Jacg., 323. ~Chiococca anguifuga, var. DC., 337. caracasana, K7., 337. laxiflora, DC., 337. longifolia, DC., 337. parvifolia, Wullschl., 834. —phenostemon, Schlecht., 337. racemosa, Jacq., 336. racemosa, S2eb., 337. hionanthus caribeeus, Jacg., 405. compactus, Sz., 405, 726 ——Chionanthus incrassatus, Berter., 405. incrassatus, Sw., 405. Chione glabra, DC., 335. Chirocalyx, Msz., sect. Ery- thrine, 199. Chiropetalum, Juss., 44. Chloidia decumbens, Lindl., 643. flava, Gr., 643. polystachya, G. Rehb., 643. vernalis, Lindl., 643. CHLORANTHES, 172. Chloris Beyrichiana, Kth., 589. barbata, Sw., 539. ciliata, Sw., 539. cruciata, Sw., 538. eleusinoides, Gr., 539. glancescens, Stezd., 589.—|-Cinchona gracilis, Dur., 539. Humboldtiana, Steud.,538-|—~caribaea, Jacg., 324. petrea, Thunb., 539. polydactyla, Sw., 539. propinqua, Steud., 539. pycnothrix, Thunb., 539. radiata, Sw., 539. septentrionalis, Mii2/., 539. Swartzii, Miil/., 539. virgata, Sw., 539. Chomelia fasciculata, Sw., 334. spinosa, Jacq., 335. simeeChondodendron, R. P., sect. Cocculi, 10, ef. corr. hederifolium, Afs., 10. scabrum, Mrs., 10. tamoides, Mrs., 10. Chorisanthera, Don, Conradiz, 462. ~——Chrysanthellum / ~—~—— procumbens, Rich., 377. w= Swartzii, Less., 377. ~—— CHRYSOBALANEA, 229. —Chrysobalanus Leaco, L., 229. pellocarpus, Mey., 229. —~—Chrysocalyx ———Schimperi, Hochst., 180. Chrysochlamys, Pepp., corr. Chrysocoma scoparia, L., 366. ~—— Chrysodium vulgare, Pée, 675. Chrysophyllum ~ sect. —_— INDEX. Chrysophyllum argenteum, Sied., 398. Cainito, L., 398. «| ceruleum, Jacg., 398, glabrum, Jacq., 398. jamaicense, Jacg., 398. microcarpum, Sw., 398, microphyllum, Jacq., 398. monopyrenum, Sw., 398. oliviforme, Lam., 398. rugosum, Sw., 399, Chuncoa arbuscula, Gr., 275. obovata, Poir., 276. disticha, L., 32. Cieca, Med., sect. Passifloree, 290. brachycarpa, Sz., 324, floribunda, Sw., 332. triflora, Wright, 324. Cineraria discolor, Sz., 382. glabrata, Sw., 382. incana, Sw., 382. laciniata, Sw., 882. lucida, Sw., 382. Cinnamodendron corticosum, Mrs., 109. rubrum, G7., 109. Cinnamomum montanum, Ws., 279. Zeylanicum, Bl., 279. +Cionandra cuspidata, Gr., 287. graciliflora, Gr., 287. racemosa, Gr., 286, cf. corr. Cionosicys pomiformis, Gr., 288. Ciponima, Avé/., sect. Sym- ploci, 403. Cipura martinicensis, Kth., 589. paludosa, Aubl., 589. plicata, Gr., 589. Cissampelos Caapeba, Z., 11. clematidea, Pri., 11. Kohautiana, Pri., 11. microcarpa, DC., 1). Pareira, L., 10. r Cissus — Cissus alata, Lam., 102. alata, Dese., 102. caustica, Tuss., 102. cordifolia, Z., 103. emarginata, Sw., 102. intermedia, Rich., 102. latifolia, Dese., 102. microcarpa, V., 102. obovata, V., 102. ovata, Lam., 102. rhombifolia, V., 102. sicyoides, L., 102. smilacina, K7h., 102. Chusquea trifoliata, L., 102. abietifolia, Gr., 529. trifoliata, Jacg., 102. Cicca venatorum, Dese., 102. antillana, Juss., 33. “Citharexylum Berterit, Spr., 498. caudatum, L., 497. caudatum, Seem., 497. caudatum, Sw., 497. cinereum, L., 497. coriaceum, Desf., 497. levigatum, Hostm., 497. lucidum, Cham. Schlecht., 497. melanocardium, Sw., 497. pentandrum., Vent., 497. quadrangulare, Jacq.,497. quadrangulare, Schau. 49 subserratum, Sw., 497. surrectum, Gr., 497. Citrosma glabrescens, Pri., 9. ~ guianensis, Tul., 9. Citrus Aurantium, L., 132. Bigaradia, Duk., 132. chinensis, Riss., 182. decumana, L., 132. Lima, Maef., 182. Limonun, Riss., 132. medica, L., 132. Paradisi, Mdcf., 132. Peretta, Riss., 132. spinosissima, Mey., 132. rCladium occidentale, Schr., 573. Clavija ornata, Don, 397. Clavula, Gr., sect. Convol- vuli, 474. Cleistes lutea, Lindl., 636. paludosa, Benth., 637. argenteum, Jacg., 398. acida, L., 102. rosea, Lindl, 636. Clematis ——- acapulcensis, H. A,, 1. ——americana, Mi//., 1. cartpensis, Kth., 1. wow Catesbyana, Rich., 1. — diceca, L., 1. —_discolor, Gardn., 1. —~— dominica, Lam., 1. ——glabra, DC., 1. ~=--havanensis, Kth., 1. won pallida, Rich, 1. — Cleome aculeata, L., 16. cubensis, Rich., 16. heptaphylla, DC., 16. heptaphylla, Mey., 16. ew heptaphylla, Sw., 15, 16. Houstoni, R. Br., 16. — pentaphylla, L., 15. polygama, L., 16. procumbens, Jacq., 15. ——pungens, W., 15. serrata, Z., 16. speciosa, Kth., 15. spinosa, L., 16. spinosa, Mac/., 16. spinosa, Sw., 16. triphylla, Dese., 16. viscosa, L., 16.. “~€lerodendron aculeatum, Gr., 500. ——— fragrans, W., 500. longicolle, Mey., 500. sinhonanthus, R. Br., 500. ——Clethra Alerandri, Gr., 142. bracteata, Gr., 142. ~~ mexicana, DC., 141. ~—tinifolia, Sw., 141. Cleyera elegans, Chois., 103. theoides, Pl., 103, corr. Clibadium Alexandri, Gr., 368. asperum, DC., 367. Badieri, DC., 368. erosum, ga ragiferum, Gr., : se Pepp., 367. terebinthaceum, DC., 368. trinitatis, DC., 367. Clidemia agrestis, DC., 250. asperifolia, Naud., 249. berbiceana, DC., 250. Berterii, Gy. 247. ballosa, DC., 247. capillaris, Gr., 249. INDEX. Clidemia coccinea, DC., 251. crenata, DC., 247. crossosepala, Gr., 248, Cruegeriana, Gr., 249. debilis, Cr., 248. erythropogon, DC., 247. fenestrata, Benth., 247. guadelupensis, Gr., 248. hirsuta, Gr., 248, hirsuta, Macf., 249. hirta, Don, 246. hirtella, Gr., 249. lacera, DC., 258. Janata, DC., 250. latifolia, DC., 247. leptoclados, Cr., 247. Lima, DC., 249. maculata, Benth., 250. miconioides, Benth., 250. microphylla, Gr., 248. pauciflora, DC., 247. pustulata, DC., 247. rhodopogon, DC., 250. rubra, Mart., 248. seabrosa, Gr., 288. sparsiflora, Gr., 246. spicata, DC., 247. spiciformis, Or., 251. strigillosa, DC., 247. surinamensis, Mfig., 247. Swartz, Gr., 248. trinitensis, Gr., 249. verticillata, DC., 251. violacea, DC., 251. —-Clinopodium ~t«ecapitatum, L., 488. martinicense, Jacq., 491. ~—~Clitoria arborescens, Ait., 192. cajanifolia, Benth., 192. +..decumbens, Mart., 193. Galactia, Z., 194. glycinoides, DC., 192. Plumieri, Juss., 192. Poitei, DC., 192. Ternatea, L., 192. +—virginiana, Z., 193. virginiana, Sw., 193. Clitorianthus, Gr., sect. Cli- torie, 192. Clusia- acuminata, Syr., corr. alba, L., 107, corr. alba, A¢h., 107. flava, L., 107, corr. minor, L., corr. rosea, L., 107, corr. 727 Clusia venosa, Jacq., 107, corr. Clutia Eluteria, Z., 39. Cnemidaria, Pri., sect. He- mitelia, 705. Cnemidostachys glabrata, Mart., 49. Vahlii, Spr., 49. Cnidoscolus napacifolius, Pohl, 39. Coccocypselum nummularifolium, Cham. Schl., 322. Pseudotontanea, Gr., 322. repens, Sw., 322. Tontanea, Kth., 822. Coccoloba barbadensis, Jacg., 168. _coronata, Jacg., 163. eceaneas Cham., cubensis, Msn., 162. diversifolia, Jacq., 168. diversifolia, Hook., 168. excoriata, Jacg., 164. excoriata, Sw., 162. flavescens, Jacg., 162. guianensis, Msn., 163. Klotzschiana, Msn., 163. _ latifolia, Lam., 161. taurifolia, Jacq., 162. leoganensis, Jacq., 162. inicrostachya, W., 162. nivea, Jacq., 163. Plumieri, Gr., 162. pubescens, 1., 161. punctata, L., 163. punctata, Lun, 163. rotundifolia, Msz., 163. Swartzii, Msn., 163. tenuifolia, L., 162. L—uvifera, Jacy., 161. Zebra, Gr., 162. Cocculus 8 domingensts, DC., 10. pauper, Gr., 10. tamoides, DC., 10. Cochlidium graminoides, Kaulf., 672. Cocos aculeata, Sw., 521. amara, Jacg., 522. fusiformis, Sw., 521, guineensis, Z., 520. nucifera, L., 522. Codonium arborescens, V., 310. 728 Codonorhaphia calycosa, Oerst., 460. exserta, Oerst., 460. Cecelia Bauerana, Lindl., 629. triptera, Don, 629. ~—Cenotus, Nutt., sect. Erige- rontis, 364. Coffea arabica, L., 338. guianensis, Sied., 338. occidentalis, Jacg., 338. subsessilis, Benth., 339. —=Coix mom Lacryma, L., 561. Cola acuminata, R. Br., 90, corr. | Coleus =f +7 Commelyna INDEX. elegans, Kth., 524. glabra, Mey., 524. gracilis, A. P., 524. hexandra, dub/., 523. persicarifolia, DC., 525. polygama, Schlecht., 524. Zanonia, L., 528. PCoMMELYNEA, 523. Comocladia theifolia, Sw., 176. integrifolia, Jacq., 175. propingua, Kth., 175. Comollia Comparettia falcata, Popp. Endl, 636. amboinicus, Lour., 487. —+Condalia aromaticus, Benth., 487. + Colleea parviflora, Benth., 194. pendula, Benth., 194. Collandra petiolaris, Gr., 463. Colocasia antiquorum, Sch., 511. esculenta, Sch., 511. —~Colubrina asiatica, Brougu., 101. Serruginosa, Brovgn., 1007 reclinata, Brougn., 101. Columnea argentea, Gr., 465. hirsuta, Sw., 465. hispida, Sw., 465. rutilans, Sw., 465. scandens, L., 464. scandens, Bot. Mag., 465. speciosa, Prl., 464. — CompBretacrs, 274. Combretum Aubletii, DC., 275. elegans, Kth., 275. ertopetalum, Don, 275. guianense, Mig , 275. Jacquini, Gr., 275. laxum, Leefl., 2'75. laxum, Jacg., 275. micropetalum, DC., 275. obtusifolium, Rich., 275. punctatum, Steud., 275. rotundifolium, Rich., 275. secundum, Jacg., 275. variabile, Spruce, 275. =—-Commelyna agraria, Kth., 524. ——— =| 4 —- ferrea, Gr., 100, corr. Condylocarpum intermedium, F. Muell., 409. + CONIFERS, 503. ConNARACEA, 228. Connarus africanus, Mey., 228. glaber, DC., 228. grandifolius, Pl., 228. guianensis, Lamb., 228. [ Conobea aquatica, Aubl., 430. + Conocarpus teem erectus, L., 277. procumbens, Jacg., 277. r—racemosus, L., 276. Conogynoxys, Gr., sect. Se- necionis, 382. Conohoria flavescens, Awb/., 26. Conomorpha multipuncta, Mfig., 393. peruviana, A. DC., 398. | Conostegia alpina, Macf., 254. alternifolia, Macf., 254. Balbisiana, DC., 258. calyptrata, Don, 254, cornifolia, Ser., 255. formosa, Macf., 258. glabra, Macf., 254. gloriosa, Macf., 258. montana, Don, 254. procera, Don, 258, rufescens, Naud., 253. semicrenata, Ser, 255. subhirsuta, DC., 258. cayennensis, Rich., 524. superba, Naud., 258. veronicifolia, Benth., 2657] — ——-Conradia calycina, Mart., 460. calycosa, Hook., 460. clandestina, Gr., 461. exserta, Jfart., 460. hispida, Benth., 462. _ humilis, Mart., 461. libanensis, Gr., 462. mimuloides, Gr., 461. neglecta, Hook., 461. pumila, Mart., 462. scabra, Mart., 461. Sloanei, DC., 462. veutricosa, Mart., 460. | CONVOLVULACEA, 466. -Convolvulus . acuminatus, V., 473. Batatas, L., 468. brasiliensis, Z., 471. cissoides, V., 473. dissectus, Z., 467. glaber, AwdZ., 468. grandiflorus, Jacq., 467. Jalapa, Z., 469. jamaicensis, Jacq., 474. macrocalyx, 2. P., 468. macrorrhizus, Z., 471. martinicensis, Jacg., 471. micranthus, R. 8. 474, Nil, Z., 478. nodiflorus, Desc., 473. paniculatus, Z., 469. pareirifolius, Bert., 469. pentaphyllus, Z., 467. pentanthus, Jacq., 474. Ph pes-capree, L., 471. +——platanifolius, V., 468. polycarpus, K¢h:, 474. portoricensis, Spr., 473. pudibundus, Lindl., 478. ——purpureus, L., 473. quinquefolius, Z., 468. merepens, Sw., 471. +——Sloanei, Spr., 470. +—-tamnifolius, Mey., 474. tiliifolius, Dese., 466. tomentosus, D., 474. tuba, Schlecht., 467. umbellatus, Z., 470. ventricosus, Berter., 467. violaceus, V., 474. Conyza albida, 7., 365. alopecuroides, Swv., 367. ambigua, var., Less., 365. apurensis, Kth., 365. arborescens, L., 353. carolinensis, Jacg., 367. 4 . oa ~—Conyza lobata, Z., 381. lurida, Schm., 865. lyrata, Kth., 365. myrsinites, Lam., 866. —~ odorata, Z., 367. ~— purpurascens, Sw., 867. virgata, Z., 367. Cookia punctata, Retz., 182. Copaifera Jacquini, Desf, 215. occidentalis, Jacq., 215. Copernicia tectorum, Mart., 514. em Copisma, 2. Mey. Rhynchosiz, 190. Coptophyllum, Gardn., sect. Anemie, 650. =~ Corchorus acutangulus, Lam., 97. estuans, L., 97. campestris, Macf., 97. hirsutus, L., 97. hirtus, J... 97. lanuginosus, Macf., 97. olitorius, L., 97. a= siliquosus, L., 97. tortipes, S¢t. Hil., 97. ——~ Cordia —alba, R. 8., 478. asperrima, DC., 481. bahiensis, DC., 480. Berterii, Syr., 480. om bullata, DC, 481. ——~ealyptrata, Bert., 478. cinerascens, DC., 480. Collococca, L., 478. Collococea, Sw., 479. curassavica, Tres., 480. cylindristachya, R.S.,480. dasycephala, Kth., 481. “— dentata, 7., 478. dodecandra, DC., 478. ebretioides, Lam., 479. elliptica, Sw., 479. elliptica, Sted., 479. floribunda, Spr., 480. Gerascanthus, Jacq., 478. Gerascanthus, Sw., 478. sect. _gerascanthoides, Kth., A478. gerascanthoides, Rich., “~ 478, —globosa, Kth., 481. graveolens, Kth., 480. interrupta, DC., 480. levigata, Viam., 479. — INDEX. “Tr Cordia Lima, R. §., 481. macrophylla, Mill., 479. macrophylla, /., 480. micrantha, Sw., 479. nitida, V.,479. panicularis, Rudg., 479. patens, Mig., 480. portoricensis, Spr., 480. Radula, Spr., 487. reticulata, V., 479. salvifolia, DC., 480. Salzmanni, DC., 480. seabrifolia, DC., 479. Sebestana, Jacq., 478. speciosa, W., 478. sulcata, DC., 480. tinifolia, W., 478. Toqueve, Sied., 480. tremula, Gr., 479. ulmifolia, Juss., 480. Cordiera ‘ triflora, Rich., 819. Cordyline Sieberi, Kth., 585. terminalis, Giv., 585. +-Coreopsis r~ alba, Z., 373. chrysantha, L., 373. Lm coronata, L., 373. incisa, Ker., 378. -~ leucantha, Z., 373. reptans, Z., 373. Cornutia =, punctata, W., 501. pyramidata, L., 501. Corynostylis Benthami, Wp., 26. Hybanthus, Mart., 26. Cosmibuena, &. P., 325. ~=—t-Cosmos caudatus, Kth., 3738. sulfureus, Cay., 373. Costus Anachiri, Jacg., 602. arabicus, 4zt., 602. ciliatus, Mig., 602. cylindricus, Jacq., 602. cylindricus, Zosc., 602. glabratus, Sw., 602. niveopurpureus, Jacq., 602. Pisonis, Lind?., 602. spicatus, Sw., 602. spiralis, Rose., 602. villosissimus, Jacg., 602. martinicensis, R. S., 480, martinicensis, Sied., 480. ——— 729 rCotula Verbesina, Z., 356. Coublandia frutescens, 4udl., 200. Couroupita guianensis, Aubl., 243. Coursetia sas arborea, Gr., ‘Ts3. Coussarea Troclichia, Rich., 339. Coutarea spectosa, Aubl., 328. Coutoubea densiflora, Mart., 423. spicata, X¢h., 423. ternifolia, Cav., 423. Cracca caribea, Benth., 183. Cranichis aphylla, Sw., 639. diphylla, Sw., 639. gibbosa, Lindl., 639. luteola, Sw., 628. muscosa, Sw., 639, oligantha, Sw., 640. paucifiora, Sw., 639. stachyoides, Si., 640. ventricosa, Gr., 639. Craniolaria annua, L., 466. PCrassuLaces, 3803. Crateeva gynandra, L., 17. Lapia, L., 17. : Crateria, Pers., sect. Casea- rie, 23. Cremanium amygdalinum, Gr., 261. axillare, Macf., 261. glandulosum, DC., 251. integrifolium, Macf., 257. quadrangulare, DC., 260.~ rigidum, Macef., 260. Riveria, Gr., 262. rubens, DC., 261. Siebert, Gr., 262. splendens, Macf., 256. tetrandrum, Gr., 262. theazans, DC.; 262. trinerve, Macf., 257. trinitatis, Cr., 262. virgatum, Gr., 261. Crenea maritima, Awd/., 271. repens, Mey., 271. Crescentia Cujete, L., 445. cucurbitina, L.,.445. 730 Crescentia cucurbitina, Seem., 445. lethifera, Tuss., 445. obovata, Benth., 445. —— Crinum asiaticum, L., 584. asiaticum,,Red., 584. bracteatum, W., 584. ——erubescens, Ait., 583. floridanum, Fras., 583. gianteum, Andr., 584. =~ guianense, Rem., 583. longifiorum, Herb., 583. petiolatum, Herd., 584, Critonia Dalea, DC., 362. macropoda, DC, 362. parviflora, DC., 362. Crocothyrsus, Gr., sect. Pali couress, 345. -——~ Crotalaria anagyrotdes, Kth., 180. Berteriana, DC., 179. Brownei, Bert., 180. —— cubensis, DC., 180. Dombeyana, DC., 180. ~~—dichotoma, Grah., 179. Espadilla, X¢h., 178. fenestrata, Sims., 179. fruticosa, Mz/., 178. Sulva, Roxb., 179. Hookeri, 4rz., 180. ~—incana, L., 180. juneea, L., 179. Leschenaultii, Maef., 179. ——litoralis, DC., 179. latifolia, Is., 180. ——lupulina, DC., 179. nana, Burm., 179. pterocaula, Desv., 178. ——~>puberula, J. Hook, 180. —— pumila, Ort., 179. quinquefolia, L., 180. retusa, L., 179. sagittalis, Desv., 178. sericea, Retz., 179. sericea, Burn., 179. stipularis, Desv., 178. striata, DC., 180. ——tepicana, 1. A., 179. tetragona, Roxb., 179. verrucosa, L., 178. ——Croton Adenophyllum, Bert., 40. astroites, Ait., 42. balsamifer, L., 38. Cascarilla, L., 38. castancifolius, Z., 48. a al INDEX. . Croton chamadrifolius, Lam., 41. corylifolius, Lam., 39. diffusus, A/., 41. Eluteria, Sw., 89. flavens, L., 38. floceulosus, Geis., 38. glabellus, Z., 39. glanduliferus, V., 40. pe glandulosus, L., 41. globosns, Sw., 43. gossypifolius, V., 42. Guildingii, Gr., 38. Hjalmarsonii, Gr., 40. hirtus, L’Hér., 42. Hookerianus, Bazi/., 40. humilis, L., 41. Iserti, Geis., 39. laurinus, Sw., 39. linearis, Jacg., 38. lee Lobatus, L., 42. lucidus, L., 40. macrophyllus, Sw., 46. micans, Sw., 40. montanns, Beis., 39. nitens, Swv., 39. niveus, Jacq.,+20. origanifolius, Lam., 41. ovalifolius, West., 41. palustris, Gezs., 43. palustris, Kth., 43. penicillatus, V., 41. phlomoides, Pers., 42. - populifolius, Lam., 41. pseudochina, Schlecht., 39. Richardi, ”, 39. Sloanei, Benn., 39. spicatus, Berg., 40. urticifolius, Lam., 41. ~-x} spicata, W., 216. LCryphiacanthus, Ns., Roellie, 45:2. |—-barbadensis, Ns., 452. macrosiphon, Ns., 452. grandiflora, R. Br., 416. —~r Ctenopteris, B/., sect. Poly- podii, 699. ~ e sect. Cucumis acutangulus, Z., 281. Anguria, L., 288. r CucurRBITACEA, 286. Cupania americana, L., 125. apetala, Macf., 126. Sulva, Mart., 125. glabra, Sw., 125. jJuglandifolia, Rich., 125. laevigata, Mig., 125. multijuga, Rech., 125. oppositifolia, Rich., 126. sapida, Camb., 125. saponarioides, Sw., 125. tomentosa, Sw., 125. triquetra, Rich., 125. —+ Cuphea +———halsamona, Cham., 270. decandra, Ait., 270. hirta, DC., 269. —/yssopifolia, Kth., 270. fpo~Melanium, R. Br., 269. Melvilla, Lindl., 270. \~ micropetala, Kth., 270. Parsonsia, R. Br., 269. parviflora, Hook., 270. platycentra, Benth., 270. radicans, Macf., 269. serpyllifolia, Sims., 270. Swartziana, Rich., 269. trinitatis, DC., 270. [— viscosissima, Jacq., 269. Curatella americana, L., 3. Curcas, Med., sect. Jatro- phe, 36. purgans, Med., 36. Cururu, Sw., syn. Serjanie, Wilsonii, Gr., 40. “rCuscuta ““CRuCcIFERA, 13. “T~ americana, L., 476. Crudya 1 decora, Eng., 476. obliqua, Gr., 216. 4— indecora, Chois., 476. oblonga, Benth., 216. | --——neuropetala, Eng., 476. rt obtusiflora, Kth., 476. r—- wmbellata, Kth., 476. Cuspidaria fureata, Fée, 671. subpinnatifide, F¥ée, 671. Cryptarrhena Cyanea, DC., sect. Nym- lunata, R. Br,, 635. phes, 11, pallidiflora, G. Rehb., “Cyathea 635. arborea, Sm., 704. Cryptostegia arborea, Az., 704. aspera, Sw., 705. divergens, Kz., 704. elegans, Hew., 704. ~ Cyathea gracilis, Gr., 704. Grevilleana, Mart., 704. Imrayana, Hook:, 704. multiflora, Si., 704, -muricata, W., 704. Serra, W., 705. - speciosa, Humd., 706. tenera, Hook., 704. Tussacii, Desv., 704. Cyathophora, DC., sect. Wedelie, 371. Cyathula achyranthoides, Mog., 65. - prostrata, Bl., 63. Cybianthus INDEX. Cynanchum crispiflorum, Szw., 421. funale, Pozr., 418. hirsutum, V., 422. maritimum, Jaeg., 421. parviflorum, Sw., 417. racemosum, Jacq., 418. rostratum, V7., 420, tp Cynodon —Dactylon, Pers., 540. Cynomorium cayennense, Sw., 307. coccineum, Dese., 309. jamaicense, Sw., 309. .Cynophalla, DC., sect. Cap- paris, 18. cuspidatus, Mig., 393. —~+ Cynosurus - multipunctus, 4A. DC. 393. myrianthus, Mig., 394. — peruvianus, Mig., 293. == Cybiostigma, Zurcz., sect. Ayeniz, 91, C. abutilifolium, Turcz., 91. Crcanga, 504. Cyclostigma, K7., sect. Cro-, tonis, 42. Cycnopodium latifolium, Naud., 266. Cymbidium coccineum, Sw., 626. diurnum, Lend/., 614. diurnum, Sw., 614. echinocarpum, Sw., 624. flabellifolium, Sw., 629. globosum, Sw., 619. graminoides, Sw., 625. limbatum, Hook., 628. montanum, Sw., 622. muricatum, Sw., 624. ochroleucum, Lindl., 627. proliferum, Sv., 623. pusillum, ¥., 631. serrulatum, Sw., 615. subulatum, Sw., 620. teretifolium, Sw., 619. testeefolium, Sw., 609. trichocarpum, Sw., 625. trinerve, Mey., 680. tripterum, Sw., 629. triquetrum, Sw., 631. utriculatum, Sw., 628. vestitum, Sw., 626. Cymbopogon, Ns., syn. Schizachyrii, 558. Cynanchum clausum, Jacg., 419. weet virgatus, Z., 538. -CYPERACES, 562. +-Cyperus f--acuminatus, Torr., 563. amentaceus, Rudg., 571. anceps, Liebm., 567. @ peereteiatar, L., 564. —aureus, Zen., 565. autumnalis, 7., 564. Balbisii, Kth., 565. re brunneus, Sw., 565. ——compressus, L., 562. confertus, Sw., 568. cyclostachyus, Gr., 567. j—mdensiflorus, Mey., 566. depauperatus, V., 569. distans, L., 563. Ehrenbergit, Kth., 565. elatus, L., 566. elatus, Rottd., 565. wermelegans, ., 563. elegans, Rottd., 563. elegans, V., 563. —~esculentus, L., 565. L——ferax, Rich., 566. ferox, V., 566. filiformis, Sw., 565. avomariscus, Gr., 567. Lafiavus, Pri., 562. flexuosus, V., 566. |—-eracilescens, R. S., 565. havanensis, W., 565. Haspan, L., 564. le hexastachyus, Roddd., 565. te Hydra, V., 565. +— insignis, K¢h., 565. bh kyllingioides, Sied., 568. lazus, Lam., 563. |digularis, L., 566. jubeeflorus, Rudy., 566. ™ 731 7 Cyperus —_-Luzule, Rotth., 564. 4——melanostachyus, X¢th., 562. Meyenianus, Kth., 567. —monostachyus, Z., 569. mucronatus, Rottb., 562. Mutisii, Gr., 567. Neesii, AtH., 566. Lochraceus, V., 563. odoratus, L., 565. t=olivaris, Zary., 565. oostachyus, Ns., 567. 4=—phymatodes, Miil7., 565. mPlanifolius, Rich., 565. platystachyus, Gry 567. polystachyus, Rotth., 562. + premorsus, Bock. 565. purpurascens, V., 565. +—repens, Bil., 565. |__sotundus, L., 564. Sanctzee Lucie, Liedm., 565. simplex, Kth., 563. sphacelatus, Rottb., 565. h—-sphacelatus, Sieb., 565. stellatus, Rudg., 566. strigosus, Schlecht., 566. lemom surinamensis, Rotth., 564. tenuis, Sw., 563. trichodes, Gr., 564. 1—trinitatis, Steud., 564. Vahlit, Steud., 566. —variegatus, Kth., 562. I———vegetus, DMey., 564. viscosus, Ait., 563. Cypselea humifusa, Turp., 56. L Cyrilla antillana, Mich., 145. = pulchella, Azz., 459. t CYRILLEA, 145, Cyrtopera Woodfordii, Lindl., 630. Cyrtophlebium, 2. Br., sect. - Polypodii, 702. Cyrtopodium Andersonii, R. Br., 680, cristatum, Lindl., 630. elegans, Ham., 622. punctatum, Lind)., 630. hexastachyus, Sw., 563. —1Cystopteris t——fragilis, Bernh., 66. L~jamaicensis, Desv., 696. rCytisus Cajan, Z., 191. sessiliflorus, Poir., 182. violaceus, 4ud/., 191. 3D _ 732 Dactyloctenium agyptiacum, W., 540. mucronatum, W., 540. Dacryodes hexandra, Gr., 174. Dalbergia Amerimnum, 202. monetaria, L., 202. Dalechampia colorata, L., 51. peruviana, Lam., 51. pruriens, Gr., 51. scandens, L., 51. Danea alata, Sm., 649. elliptica, Sm., 649. Moritziana, Pri., 649. nodosa, Sm., 649. _ stenophylla, Kz., 649. Benth., “Daphne Lagetta, Sw., 279. occidentalis, Sw., 278. tinifolia, Sw., 278. Daphnopsis Swartzii, Msn., 278. caribaea, Gr., 278. tinifolia, Gr., 278. tinifolia, Msn., 278, 279. Dassiera, Mog., sect. Litho- | phile, 66. Dasyura tenax, Mor., 479. —~Datura arborea, Hi., 433. fastuosa, L., 434, Gardneri, Hook., 433. suaveolens, Humb., 433. Metel, L., 484. —Tatula, L., 434, ~— Stramonium, L., 434. =~—~Daucus — Carota, L., 308. —~——Davallia aculeata, Sw., 662. adiantoides, Sw., 661. capillacea, W7., 656. clavata, Sw., 661. cuneiformis, Sw., 661. Sumarioides, Sw., 662. jamaicensis, Hook., 661. tnequalis, Kz., 661. microphylla, Gr., 661. polypodioides, at., 661. ‘Saccoloma, Spr., 662. tenuifolia, Hook., 661. tenuifolia, Sw., 661. venusta, Schk., 661, INDEX. Davilla brasiliana, DC., 2. ciliata, Rich., 2. rugosa, Poir., 2. Sagreeana, Rich., 2. surinamensis, Mzg., 2. Davya adscendens, Gr., 265. ciliata, Naud., 265. scandens, Gr., 265. flores, 292. Decaraphe Fockeana, Mig., 250. Delima dasyphylla, Mig., 3. Dendrobium alpestre, Stw., 607. corniculatum, Sw., 609. lanceola, Sw., 609. laxum, Sw., 607. Decaloba, DC., sect., Passi- Hostmanni, Steud., 252. 4 Desmodium Es ceeruleo-violaceum, DC., 186. ellipticam, Macf., 186. gangeticum, DC., 187. heterocarpum, DC., 186. incanum, DC., 186, laburnifolium, Sied., 187. latifolium, DC., 187. molle, -DC., 188. oblongifolium, DC., 187. | obovatum, Vog., 186. +—spriostreptum, Steud., 188. |_-pedicellatum, Grah., 188. polycarpum, DC., 186. -.pulcherrimum, Shutdl., 188, racemiferum, DC., 186. radicans, Macf., 187. reptans, DC., 187. scorpiurus, Desv., 187. ophioglossoides, Sied., 607. palmifolium, Sw., 627. racemiflorum, Sw., 607. ruscifolium, Sw., 608. sanguineum, Sw., 620. | sertularioides, Sw., 609. testiculatum, Sw., 636. tribuloides, Sw., 609. Dendrolobium ranthi, 312. Desmanthus comosus, Rich., 218. depressus, Kth., 218. lacustris, W., 218. natans, W., 218. pratorum, Macf., 218. punctatus, W., 218, | stolonifer, DC, 218. | strictus, Bert., 218. | virgatus, W., 218, | Desmochete prostrata, DC., 63. —+Desmodium adscendens, DC., 186. —-Diastemanthe angustifolium, DC., 187, ———platystachys, St., 544. + annuum, 4s. Gr., 188, wasperum, Desv., 187. axillare, DC., 187. barbatum, Benth., 186. —— Bigelowii, As. Gr., 185. cajanifolium, DO., 187. cinereum, Papp., 187. utricularioides, Sw., 636. umbellatum, Benth., 188. Dendropemon, B/., sect. Lo=-—Despretzia -~| Diaphoranthema, Beer., sect. +—spirale, DO., 188. P—stipulaceum, DC., 188. | supinum, DC., 186. y—tenellum, K¢h., 188. r—~tenuiculum, DC., 188. —“tortuosum, DC., 188. triflorum, NC., 186. —trigonum, DC., 187. |__ uncinatum, DC., 187. Desmoncus major, Or., 519. et_mexicana, K¢h., 586. _Dialium guineense, W., 216. nitidum, G. P., 216. —~Dianthera androsemifolia, Gr., 455, comata, L., 455. pectoralis, Mwr., 455. reptans, Gr., 455, secunda, Gr.,455. sessilis, Gr., 455. Tillandsia, 595. --— versicolor, Beer., 595. Dichxa |__sylvaticnm, Benth., 188, | echinocarpa, Lindl., 624. glauca, Lindl., 625. graminea, Gy., 625. graminoides, Zindi., 625. latifolia, Lindl., 624. muricata, Lindl., 624, Dichexea squarrosa, Lind/., 625. trichocarpa, Lindl., 624, ~ Dichondra —— repens, Forst., 476. ——~sericea, Sw., 476, Dichorisandra Aubletiana, R. 8., 528. —Dichromena, /., sect. Rhyn- chosporee, 576. capillaris, Kth., 576. ciliata, V., 577. cubensis, Pwpp., 576. filiformis, K¢h., 576. hirsuta, K¢h., 576. Humboldtiana, Ns., 577. ~——- leucocephala, Mich., 577. micrantha, Kth.,.576. Persooniana, Vs., 577.. pubera, 7,577. pura, Ns., 577. pusilla, K+h., 576.. setacea, Kth., 576. setigera, Kth., 577. ~Dicksonia i aculeata, Spr., 666. adiantoides, W., 660. apitfolia, Sw., 661. apiifolia, Hook., 660. cicutaria, Sw., 660. cicutaria, Hook., 660.. coniifolia, Hook., 660. cornuta, Kaulf., 660. dissecta, Sw., 660. =~ dissecta, Hook., 660 dissecta, Schk., 660. Hookeriana, K7., 660. ordivata, Kaulf., 660. _ Plumieri, Hook., 661. biginosa, Kaulf., 665. Sellowiana, Hook., 661. squarrosa, Sw., 661. —Diclidium, Schrad., sect. Cy- peri, 565. —— 1 ferox, Schr., 566. Vahhi, Ws., 566. —— Dicliptera assurgens, Juss., 458. martinicensis, Juss., 458. 7 mollis, Ws., 458. portoricensis, Ns., 458. retusa, Juss., 456. Vahliana, Ns., 458. Dicrananthera, Pri., Acisantheree, 268. Dicranoglossum forcatum, J. Sm., 671. syn. INDEX, Mertensiz, 652. Dicrypta Baueri, Lindl., 626. Dictyostega Didymochleena lunulata, Deav., 688. Trichomanis,..656. | dropoginis, 559, Dieffenbachia Plumieri, Sch., 509. | neglecta, Sch., 509. Seguine, Sch., 509. — Digitaria “7 zegyptiaca, Parlss 544. eriogona, Dk., 544, wun filiformis, Muhl,, 543. horizontalis, W., 544. jamaicensis, Spr., 544. marginata, Lk., 544. paspaloides, Dud., 541. sanguinalis, Scop., 544. setigera, Rth., 544. setosa, Desv., 544. DILLENIACES, 2. Dinebra, Jacg., 537. Dinema ns ; polybulhon, Lindl., 615. | Dioclea guianensis, Benth., 198. Jacquiniana, DC., 194. ~ panamensis, Wp., 198. reflexa, J. Hooke 198. —+ Diodia prostrata, Sw., 348. sarmentosa, Sw., 349, setigera, DC., 348. siuplex, Sw. 350, TDioscorea alata, L., 587. altissima, Lam., 587, 588. altissima, Sie}., 588. Berteroana, Kth., 587. bulkifera, L., 587. —— (liffortiana, Lam., 588. cayennensis, Lam., 587, heptaneura, Vill., 588. Kegeliana, Gr., 588. lutea, Mey., 588. multiflora, Pri., 588. pilosiuscula, Bert., 588, 4~Femotifore, Kth., 588. rotundata, Podr., 587. orobanchoides, Mrs., 606. rigida, Cham., Schl. 348. 733 Dicranopteris, Bernk., sect. PDioscorea sativa, Gr., 588. sativa, D., 588. Sieberi, A7h., 588. trifida, L., 587. triphylla, L., 587. |___villosa, L., 588. vulgaris, Mig., 587. Didymoglossa, Desv., sect—-Droscorns, 586. — Diosmee, 134, Diectomis, P. B., sect. An——Diospyros Berterii, 4. DC., 404. inconstans, Jacg., 404. obovata, Jacg., 404. obtusifolia, Berter., 404. tetrasperma, Sw., 404. Dipholis montana, Gr., 401, nigra, Gr., 401, salicifolia, A. DC., 401. Dipladenia Harrisii, Hook., 416. Diplasia Karatifolia, Rich., 573. —+Diplazium, Sw., sect. Asple- ii, 684, angustifrons, Pri., 685. auriculatum, Kaulf., 685. celtidifolium, Kz., 685. cultrifolium, Moor., 680. Franconis, Liebm., 687. grandifolium, Sw., 685. hians, Kz., 686. juglandifolium, Sw., 685. plantagineum, Sw., 684. Diplocalyx, Rich., syn, - Scheepfiee, corr. Diplochita angustifolia, Benth., 254. bracteata, DC., 252. caudata, Cr., 252. florida, DC., 252. Fothergilla, DC., 252. leucocephala, DC., 252. mucronata, DC., 252. parviflora, Benth., 252. rosea, Macf., 252. serrulata, DC., 252. sessilifolia, Gr., 252. Swartziana, DC., 252. tomentosa, Gr., 252. Diplotropis brachypetala, Tul., 203. — Dipteracanthus canescens, Ns., 451. 4— geminiflorus, Ns. 451, jamaicensis, Ns., 453. paniculatus, Vs., 451. 734 Disphenia arborea, Pri., 704. —Distreptus ——rispus, Cass., 355. «—uudicaulis, Less., 355. ———spicatus, Cass., 355. Ditaxis fasciculata, Schi., 44. fasciculata, V., 44, glabella, Gr., 44. hemiolandra, Gr., 44. Dodecas maritimus, Gr., 270. surinamensis, L., 271. — Dodonzxa d angustifolia, Sw., 128. ~+~arabica, Hochst., 127. bialata, Kth., 128. brasiliensis, Sch/., 128. _Burmanniana, DC., 127. ——Candolleana, B/., 127. Dombeyana, B/., 128. jamaicensis, DC., 128. linearis, #, Mey., 128. Mundtiana, Zcki., 128. pallida, Mzg., 128. Schiedeana, Sch/., 128. Thunbergiana, Lckl., 1284 —viscosa, L., 127. _viscosa, Cav., 128. —Dolichos albiflorus, DC., 196. altissimus, Jacg., 198. articulatus, Zam., 195. bulbosus, Z., 195. comosus, Mey., 198. filiformis, Z., 194, 196. filiformis, Maef., 196. gladiatus, Z., 197. Jacquini, DC., 197. Lablaé, L., 196. lignosus, Jacg., 197. —— luteolus, Jacg., 195. —Intens, Sw., 195. ——minimus, Z., 190. nankinicus, Sav., 196. obtusifolius, Lam., 197, pruriens, Z., 198. _ _— INDEX. Dolichos unguicnlatus, Jacg., 196. urens, Z., 198. Doliocarpus — Calinea, Miq., 3. semidentatus, Gh., 3. Donaldia, 7., sect. Begonia, 305 : Donax, P. B., sect. Arundi- nis, 530, Dorstenia Contrajerva, L., 154. cordifolia, Lam., 154, tubicina, R. P., 154. Draczena terminalis, Steb., 583. Dracontium pertusum, Z., 509. Drepanocarpus isadelphus, #. Mey., 201. lunatus, Mey., 201. microphyllus, #. Mey.,201. » Drosera +—americana, W., 277. | intermedia, Hayn., 27. |-—longifolia, Sm., 27. tenella, Kth., 27. + DROSERACEA, 26. r Drymaria cordata, W., 56. diandra, Macf., 56. Drymonia — parvifolia, Gr., 468. + Drypetes tem crocen, Poit., 82. glauca,-V., 32. glomerata, Gr., 82, corr. Dunantia, DC., sect. Isocar- phe, 376. Duranta Ellisia, Jacg., 498. | Plumiert, Jacq., 498. +Dysosmia, DC., sect. Passi- floree, 294. —PEBEnaces, 404, | Eccharianthus, @r., sect. Cha : rianthi, 264. purpureus, Jacg., 196. <~—} Echinochloa, P. B., sect. ~<—~repens, Z., 195. Panici, 545, q roseus, Sw., 197, —TEchinodorus tuber, Jacg., 194. ~—+— cordifolius, Gr , 505. 4 sesquipedalis, u,, 196. spherospermus, DC. 196. spurius, Mey., 195. subracemosus, Jacg., 195. tuberosus, Lam., 196, uncinatus,. L., y3. guianensis, Gr,, 505. Echinops fruticosus, Z., 355. =Echites adglutinata, Jacg., 414, aspernginis, Sw., 410. ~ “Echites barbata, Desv., 416. biflora, Jacg., 415. brachystachya, Bentih., 414, Brownei, J. Mill, 414, Catesbei, G. Don, 415. circinalis, Sw., 414. concolor, Ham., 415. corymbosa, Jacg., 412. domingensis, Jacq., 416, domingensis, 4. DC., 416. domingensis, Sw., 416. Ehrenbergii, Schi., 415, -ferruginea, Rich., 415, floribunda, Sw.,-412. grandiflora, Mey., 416. hirtella, K¢h., 414. Jjamaicensis, Gr., 416, microcalyx, A. DC., 414. muricata, A. DC., 421. neriandra, Gr., 415. nitida, 7., 416. nutans, And., 413, paludosa, V., 415. quinquangularis, Jacg., 413, . repens, Jacq., 414. rugosa, Benth., 414. Sagraei, A. DC., 415. sanguinolenta, Tuss., 413, suberecta, Jacq., 415. suberecta, Desc., 416. suberecta, Sw., 415, subsagittata, R. P., 4138. symphytocarpa, Mey., 414. . tenuicaulis, Stadelm., 414, torosa, Jacq., 413. torulosa, Jacqg., 413, torulosa, Z., 414. trifida, Jacq., 413. y——ambellata, Jacg., 414. versicolor, Stadelm., 414, rclipta i——a/ba, Hassk., 370. +—brachypoda, Mich., 370. erecta, L., 370. longifolia, Schrad., 370. = peduncularis, Rém., 370. |_. procumbens, Mich., 370. 4+—prostrata, £., 370. r— punctata, Z., 370. [-—~thermalis, By., 370. -Egletes domingensis, Cass., 380. ~_ —Ehretia acanthophora, DC., 482, Bourreria, Z., 481. dubia, Jacg., 479. exsucca, Bert., 482. exsucca, Z., 482. havanensis, W., 482. spinosa, West., 482. tintfolia, L., 481. tomentosa, Lam., 482. velutina, DC., 482. Eichhornia tricolor, Seub., 590. Eleis guineensis, L., 522. occidentalis, Sw., 518, Eleodendron attenuatum, Rich., 145 corr. diecum, G., corr. glaucum, Pers., 146. rotundatum, DC., 145. xylocarpum, DC., 145. ~ Elaphoglossum, Schtt., sect. Acrostichi, 675. —~Hleocharis, R. Br., Scirpi, 569. ~—— capitata, R. Br., 570. —— consanguinea, Xth., 570. constricta, Sch., 571. . depauperata, Kth., 569. equisetoides, Zorr., 571. - exigua, Sch., 569. geniculata, Hostm., 571. interstincta, R. Br., 571. maculosa, R. Br., 570. mutata, R. Br., 571. mutata, Weig., 571. —— nodulosa, Sch., 570. - sulciculmis, Zr., 570. =~ Hleogenus —~ capitatus, Ns., 570. ——~nvdulosus, Ns., 570. - ocreatus, Ws., 569. Elephanthosis, Less., sect. Elephantopodis, 355. angustifolia, DC., 355. —#lephantopus angustifolius, Sw., 355. —_carolinianus, W., 355, Martii, Grah., 355. mollis, Kth.,.355. scaber, L., 354. ——spicatus, Juss., 355. ~Eleusine — + filiformis, Pers., 587. > sect. co TN DEX. [Bleusing —— mucronata, Kth., 537. Elleanthus capitatus, G. Rehd., 623. elillisia acuta, L., 498. ae Gr., sect. Crotonis, pHilytraria apargiifolia, Ns., 456. fasciculata, Kth., 451. frondosa, K¢h., 451. ramosa, K¢h., 451. tridentata, V., 451. Emilia sonchifolia, DC., 381, Emmeorrhiza brasiliensis, Phi., 351. Enckea Amalago, Gr., 169. ceanothifolia, Mig., 169. glaucescens, Kth., 169. plantaginea, Kth., 170. plantaginea, Mig., 169. "reticulata, Mig., 170. Sieberi, Miq., 170. smilacifolia, Kth., 169. Swartz, Gr., 169. unguiculata, Kth:, 169. Endlicheria sericea, Ns., 284. Enhydra sessilis, DC., 369. Enicostema, B/., corr, Enslenia albida, Mett., 418. jamaicensis, Gr., 418, » racemosa, Gr., 418. Entada gigalobium, DC., 217. scandens, Benth., 216. polystachya, DC., 217. Enterolobium cyclocarpum, Gr., 226. Timbouva, Mart., 226. Ephippiorhynchium polycephalum, Ns , 574. tenuirostre, Ns., 574. Epicion, Gr., sect. Metastel- matis, 417. —7 Epidendrum aciculare, Batem., 613. altissimum, Batem., 614. altissimum, Jacg., 633. anceps, Jacg., 617. angustifolium, Sw., 618. auritum, Lindl., 613. =~ indica, G., 540. bahamense, Gr., 614. 735 > Epidendrum Barringtonie, Sw., 627. bicornutum, Hook., 614. bifarium, Sw., 618. bifidum, Aubl., 618. bletioides, Gr., 615. Bradfordi, Gr., 613. caudatum, L., 683. cebolleta, Jacg., 632. - chloroleucum, Hook.,: 613. ciliare, L., 615. -cinnabarinum, 617. coccineum, Jacg., 626. cochleatum, L., 616. cochleatum, Curt., 615. compressum, Gr., 617. erassifolinm, Lind/., 617. cucullatum, Z., 620. cuspidatum, Lodd., 615. difforme, Jacg., 618. diffusum, Sw., 619. discoidale, Lindl., 616. elongatum, Jacq., 617. Sragrans, Sw., 615. Sulgens, Brongn., 617. Suscatum, Sw., 617. Susiforme, G. Rehb., 623. globosum, Jacq., 619. globosum, Bradf., 613. gracile, Lind]., 613. graminifolium, Z., 611. guttatum, L., 632. Huegelianum, G. Rchd., . 620. jamaicense, Lindl., 618. indivisum, Bradf., 614. labiatum, Sw., 634, lanceolatum, Bradf., 616. latilabre, Lind/., 618. linearifolium, Hook., 613. nocturnum, L., 619. nodosum, Jacg., 621. nutans, Sw., 616. ophioglossoides, Jacq., 61! Salzm., Ottonis, G. Rehb., 613. pallidifiorum, Hook., 616. patens, Sw., 617. pheeniceum, Lindl., 614. plicatum, Lindl., 614. polybulbon, Sw., 615. pygmaum, Hook., 615. ramosum, Jacq., 618. rigidum, Jacq., 618. rivulare, Lindl., 616. rufum, Lindl., 614, 736 Epidendrum ruscifolium, Z., 608. saugaineum, Sw., 620. satyrioides, Sw., 636. Schombyrgki, Lindl., 617 secundum, Z., 617. serrulatum, G. Rechb., 615. stenopetalum, Hook., 6194 strobiliferum, G. Rehb. 618. subaquilum, Lindl., 615. INDEX. Eragrostis prolifera, Steud., 532. tome reptans, Ns., 633, Erauthemum nervosum, R. Br., 457. spinosum, Bert., 457. +Hrechthites: cacalioides, Zess., 381. carduifolius, DC., 381.. |—-hieracifolius, Raf., 381. .~-T Hrianthus jamaicensis, Gr., 561. saccharoides, Mich., 561. Swartzii, G. Rehd., 618. ERiceai, 141, teretifolium, Sw., 619. tetrapetalum, Jacq., 631. trinitatis, Lindl., 616. umbellatum, Sw., 618. Vanilla, Z., 638. variegatum, Hook., 615. verrucosum, Sw., 619. vincentinum, Lindl., 619. 4 —-Erigeron apurensis, Gr., 365. bonariensis, L., 365. |_—canadensis, L., 865. cuneifolius, DC., 365. jamaicensis, Sw., 364, jamaicensis, D., 365. rivularis, Sw., 365. virens, Lindl., 614. +—spathulatus, V., 365. vomeriforme, Sw., 621. strictus, DC., 865. —Epigea —-Eriocaulon cordifolia, Sw., 142. cesium, Gr., 526. Episcia Humboldtii, Kth., 526. metittifolia, Mart., 462. melanocephalum, Kth. pulchella, Mart., 463. 526, » ——p Erythrina indica, Lam., 199. speciosa, A zdr., 199. velutina, W., 199. | RRYTHROXYLES, 113. ey eagle affine, Rich., 118. areolatum, L, 113. areolatum, Pepp., 118. | brévipes, DC., 113. havanense, K¢h., 118. havanense, Jacg., 118. havanense, Rich., 114, obovatum, Macf., 118.. obtusum, DC., 113. ovatum, Cav., 118. squamatum, Ve 114, | Esenbeckia . attenuata, Gr., 135. castanocarpa, Gr., 135.. pentaphylia, Gr., 135. | __prelocarpoides, Sch., 135. | Etaballia macrophylla, 215. Etholia | sparganophora, Z., 352. | = Struthium, Sv., 352. | Euacacia, Gr., sect. Acaciee, Benth., subacaulis, Gr., 462. setaceum, L., 526. 220 —_Epistemon, Gr., sect. Dios- | Eriochrysis =—+Euamarantus, Mogq., sect. corez, 287. cayennensis, P. B., 560. Amaranti, 69, Epistephium —+Eriochloa —— Euanemia, Mett., sect. Ane- Cruegeri,, G. Rehéd., 637. punctata, Ham., 544. mize, 650. _parviflorum, Lindl., 637. | Eriodendron ——7 Euasplenium, Gr., sect. Ase —Epistylium, Sw., sect, Phyl- _ Janthi, 33. axillare, Sw., 33. cauliflorum, Sw., 33. ~~ Equisetacea, 648. ~~ Equisetum : bogotense, Kthi, 648. giganieum, L., 648. giganteum, Gay, 648. anfractuosum, DC., 88, Eriosema lanceolatum, Benth., 191. sessiliflorum, Wp., 182. simplicifolium, Wp., 191. angustifolia, DC., 336. Humboldtianum, Fendl.,~-—fruticosa, L., 336. 648. : Lechleri, Mild., 648. ~—eemappdlustre, L., 648, _ aylocheium, Mett., 648. ~—~Eragrostis , ——tahiensis, Schrad., 632. ~——Brownei, Ns., 532. ciliaris, Lk., 532. ““conferta, Tr., 532.. — odorifera, Jacg., 336. —7Ernodea — itoralis, Sw., 347. Eroteum undwatum, 7, 104, | Ervum hirsutum, L., 189, Eryngium Setidum, L., 308. cynosuroides, R. S., 53] =-Erythreca glutinosa, Tr., 532. ome ramosissima, Pers., 422, pilosa, P. B., 5382. Erythrina “t poxoides, P. B., 532. Corallodendron, L., 199. grandiflorum, Berzh., 191. | violaceum, RH. Mey., 191. . —Hrithalis plenii, 680. Enayenia, Gr., sect. Ayeniz, 92 Eubactris, Gr., sect. Bactris, 519. : Eubeureria, Gr., sect. Beure- rie, 481 Euborrera, @7., sect. Borre- re, 349 Eubrunfelsia, Gr., sect. Brun- felsiv, 432. Eucalathea, Kérz., lathes, 604. Eucalliandra, Gr, sect. Cal- liandree, 224. sect. Ca- Eucelosia, Gr., sect. Celo- sie, 62. Euceltis, Gr., sect. Celtis, 149. Eucereus,, Mig, sect. Cerei, 301 Eucharianthus, Gr, sects Charianthi, 263. Buclinia, DC., sect. Randis, 318. = Eucoccoloba, Gr., sect. Coc- colobe, 161. Encolumnea, Oers?., sect. Co- lumnev, 464, —Eucorchorus, Gr., sect. Cor- chori, 97. ~ Eucyperus, Liebm., sect. Cy- peri, 562. ~ Euechites, A. DC., sect. . Hehitis, 413. . Evelephantopus, Zxdi., sect. Elephantopodis, 354. —LEueragrostis, Gr., sect. Era- grostis, 532. Euerythrina, Gr., sect. Ery- thrine, 199. Euesenbeckia, Gr., sect. Hsen- beckiee, 135. Engalactia, Gr., sect. Galac- | ie, 194. Eugenia acutiloba, DC., 237. @ruginea, DC., 237. alpina, W., 236. amazonica, Bg., 237. axillaris, Poir., 236, ——~azillaris, Bg., 236. barnensis, G7., 238. barnensis, Jacg., 236. biflora, DC., 237. bracteata, Macf., 240. ~—buzifolia, W., 236. buxifolia, Macf., 236. calycolpoides, Gr., 238. chrysophylloides, Macf., 238. cofeifolia, DC., 239. crenata, Bg., 237. deflexa, Poir., 235. —dichotoma, DC., 240. disticha, DC., 237. dumosa, Mae, 237. emarginata, Macf., 240. ferruginea, Poir., 235. filiformis, Magf., 239. floribunda, West., 239. ~—~rfetida, By., 236.” ———fragrans, Bot. Mag., 240, fragrans, W., 240. Gregii, DC., 238. Jambos, Z., 235. inundata, DC., 237. INDEX. 737 Bugenia - =| Eumelochia, Gz, sect. Melo- lancea,. Poir., 237. : chiz, 93. lateriflora, W., 236. -——Eumetastelma, Gr., sect. Me- latifolia, W., 288. } tastelmatis, 417. ligustrina, W., 239. Eumiconia, Naud., sect. Mi- malaccensis, Z., 235. , conie, 256. Marchiana, Gr., 238. Eumimosa, Benth., sect. Mi- Michelii, Lam., 239. ' mosee, 218. ; mini, Mey., 238. Eumyrcia, Gr., sect. Myrciee, + monticola, DC., 236. 284. multiflora, Rich., 234. Eumyristica, DC., sect. My- obtusata, DC., 237. ristice, 8. palleus, DC., 237. =—Eumyrsine, Gr., sect. Myr- pauiculeflora, Steud., sinis, 392. 234, ~—=+ Eunectandra, Gr., sect. Nec- paniculata, Jacg., 234. tandre, 281. paniculata, Sied., 235. ——-~Eupaspalum, Gr., sect. Pas- Patrisii, DC., 238. pali, 541. Patrisii, Mig., 238. —Eupatorium periplocifolia, Jacg., 234. adenophorum, Spr., 360. Pimenta, DC., 240. ageratifolium, DC., 360. Poiretii, DC., 236. atriplicifolium, / am., 359. procera, Poir., 288. Ayapana, Vent., 362. pseudopsidium, Jacq. Berterianum, Col., 362. 238. brachiatum, Wickstr., psidioides, Bg., 238. 358. psidioides, DC., 238. - canescens, V., 360. 4— punctata, V., 240. celtidifolium, Lam., 361. | quadrangularis, Duch., oinereum, Gr., 359. 239. conyzotdes, V., 358. rotundifolia, Macf., 240. cordifolium, Sw., 358. - Schlechtendaliana, Bg. corylifolium, Gr., 361. 2372 Dalea, L., 362. sessilifiora, DC., 236. +— diffisum, V., 356. Sieberiana, DC., 238. glandulosum, Kth., 360. sinemariensis, Aubl., guadalupense, Spr., 362. 238. hastatum, Z., 363. trinitatis, DC., 237. heteroelinium, Gr., 358. uniflora, L., 289. Houstonis, Sw., 363. virgata, Macf., 237. tmpetiolare, Gr., 357. virgultosa, DC., 237. ' dresinoides, Kth., 360. Wallenii, Macf., 239. |_ivifolium, L., 359. dichotoma, Macf,, 240. —-tEugeniastrum, Gr, sect. | levigatum, Lam., 357. Eugenie, 236. macranthum, Sw., 357. divaricata, Lam., 234. --{Euheliotropium, Gr., sect. macrodon, DC., 358. Heliotropii, 485. macrophyllum, Z., 356. Euheteropteris, Gr., sect. montanum, Sw., 359. Heteropteris, 119. nervosum, SW., 361. Euinga, Benth., sect. Inge, nervosum, Sieb., 366. 228. odoratum, L., 358. Bulicania, Gr., sect. Licanize, Osseanum, DC., 357. 230. pallescens, DC., 360. Bulinociera, Gr., sect. Lino- paniculatum, Schrad., cierse, 405. 362. | Eumascagnia, Gr., sect. Mas- | —parviflorum, Sw., 362. cagnie, 121. populifolium, Mart., 356. Eumaxillaria, indl., sect. psiadieefolium, DC., 357. Maxillarie, 626. punctatum, Lam., 357.. Lambertiana, DC., 238. 738 “~Enupatorium repandum, W., 858. . rigidum, Sw., 357. schisanthum, Gr., 361. Sieberianum, DC., 360. sinuatum, Lam., 360. tetranthum, DC., 360. —-| trigonocarpum, Gr., 359. triste, DC., 361. urticifolium, L., 357. urticifolium, Hé. Béhs., 362. villosum, Sw., 361. Vitalb@, DC., 357. -Eupavonia, Gr., sect. Pavo- nie, 82. ~ Eupectis, Gr., sect. Pectidis, 378. ~ Euphorbia alata, Hook., 52. articulata, Burm., 53. —— Balbisii, £.iss., corr. Berteriana, Balb., 54, —|Euspiranthes, ~— Burmanniana, Gay. -» 58. buxifolia, Lam., 53. . ——callitrichoides, Kth., 54. carinata, Bot. Mag., 52. ——.centunculoides, Kth., 53. centunculoides, Pepp., 53. —— cotinifolia, L., 52. eyathophora, Jacq., 54. = ——— depressa, Zorr., 53. dieca, Kth., 53. flexuosa, Kth., 58. . glabrata, 7, 53. graminea, Sw., 52. herniariotdes, Nutt., 53. we heterophylla, L., 54. ~——-hirta, L., 54. ——hypericifolia, L., 54. hyssopifolia, Z., 54. lasiocarpa, Pri., 54, linearis, Aetz., 53. — maculata, L., 53. myrtifolia, L., 58. nudiflora, Jacg., 52. ~~ obliterata, Jacg., 54. “Peplus, L., 54. —— pilulifera, L., 54. —| -——prostrata, Ait., 53. prunifolia, Jacg., 54. ad punicea, Ait., 54, ==— serpens, Kth., 53, corr, —tenella, Ath, 54. ——thymifolia, Z., 53. tithymaloides, Jacg., 52. vaginulata, Gr., 52. EUPHORBIACEA, 31. etal ooo —- ——| — INDEX. Euphyllanthus, Endl., sect. Phyllanthi, 33. lypodii, 698, 701. Eupsychotria, G@r., Psychotriz, 343. eae Gr., 668. Eurhynchospora, Rhynchosporers, 573. deletiz, 327. Eurycheenia Serruginea, Gr., 259. Sulva, Gr., 259. punctata, Gr., 259. 373. }Buscixpus, Gr., 571. Euscleria, Gr., Lindl., Spiranthis, 640. Eaustachys petreea, Desv., 539. Eustenostomum, Gr., Stenostomi, 333. Stigmaphylli, 118, -Hustoma exaltatum, Gr., 422. me, 447 phrosiz, 182. Euterpe montana, Grah., 517. oleracea, Mart., 517. trazygiee, 254, -Hutriana L—aristidoides, Kth., 537. bromoides, 2%., 537. 184, 531 + Euxolus caudatus, Moq., 68. |.viridis, Moq., 68. ee Hndl., sect, Xyridis, 525 Evelyna ‘capitata, P. B., 622. Surfuracea, Lindl., 628. nr Lindl., 6 }Eupolypodium, Gr., sect, Po sect. sect. Pteridis, Gr. sected Eurondeletia, Gr., sect. Ron- Eusalmea, Gr., sect. Salmez, sect. Scirpi, sect. Sclerice, sect. sect. Eustigmaphyllon, Gr., sect. rEutecoma, Hndi., sect. Teco- + Eutephrosia, Gr, sect. Te- Eutetrazygia, Gr., sect. Te- Eutribulus, Gr., sect. Tribuli, ~Huuniola, Gr., sect. Uniolee, Evodianthus, Oerst., Carludovice, 518, eHivolvulus amr Jsinoides, L., 475. arbuscula, Poir., 475. cauus, Spr., 475. glabriusculus, Chois., A475. te linifolius, L., 475. mucronatus, Sw., 475. nummularius, L., 475. purpuroceruleus, Hook, A475. syn. 5 I~ sericeus, Sw., 475. veronicifolius, Kth., 476, villosus, R. P., 475. Exacum cubense, Papp., 423. guianense, Au/., 423. Exceecaria caribaea, Gr., 51. Sarinosa, Gr., 50. glandulosa, Sw., 51. lucida, Sw., 50. tinifolia, Sw., 51. Exogonium, Chois., Tpomeer, 472. filiforme, Chozs., 472. repandum, Chovws., 472. 7 Exostemma brachycarpum, R. S., 324. ¥~caribeum, G. Don, 324. Jloribundum, R. 8., 323. triflorum, G. Don, 324. Vavassoriz, Gr., 323. Exothea oblongifolia, Macf., 127. sect. Galium hypocarpium, Endl., 351. . = a —— Garcinia macrophylla, Mart., 108. 739 +-Gardenia armata, Sw., 318. r——vlusiifolia, Jacg., 317. Genipa, Sw., 317. Randia, Sw., 318, Gardoquia origanoides,. Rehd., 495. —Garrya Fadyenii, Hook., 286. Fregirardia, Dum., syn. WitheaseGaRRYACER, 285. —rGaultheria anastomosans, K7h., 142. buxifolia, W., 142. p Gaya affinis, Rich., 79. occidentalis, Gr., 79. p Gayopsis, 4s. Gr., sect. Abu- til, 79. Geiseleria, X/., sect. Crotonis, 41. chameedryfolia, K7., 41. Geissomeria coccinea, And., 454, . w=Gendarussa, Vs., syn. Justi- cie, 456. -Genipa americana, L., 317. Caruto, Kth., 317. —elusiifolia, Gr., 317. Gentiana r= exaltata, L., 422. uniflora, Jacg., 425. verticillata, Z., 423, ’ GENTIANER, 422. Geoffroya inermis, Sw., 201. . pubescens, Rich., 203.. Siebert, Benth., 207. Geonoma multifiora, Mart., 517. occidentalis, Kth., 518. oaycarpa, Mart., 518. vaga, Gr. W., 517. Geophila reniformis, Don, 847. H-GERANIACEE, 132. Geranium pyrenaicum, L., 182. +~Gerardia. hispidula, Mart., 428. Gerascanthus, P. Br., sect. Cordie, 478. | GESNERIACER, 459. Gesneria acaulis, L., 462. corymbosa, Sw., 459. exserta, Sw., 460. grandis, Sw., 459. 35 740 Gesneria hirsuta, Kth., 459. humilis, Z., 461. libanensis, Morr., 462. pumila, Sw., 462. scabra, Sw., 461. tomentosa, Z., 460. ventricosa, Sw., 460. Gesnouinia boehmerioides, Mig., 160. Ghinia . verbenacea, Sw., 493. Ginoria, Jacq., 271. Gireoudia, K/., sect. Begoniee, 305. —~Gleichenia Baneroftii, Hook., 651. ——,.dichotoma, Hook., 652. ~~ furcata, Spr., 652. immersa, H. G., 652. ——Hermanni, R. Br., 652. longipinnata, Hook., 652. Mathewsii, Hook., 651. pectinata, Pri., 652. so Glycine abyssinica, Hochst., 193. discolor, Mt. Gal., 1938. labialis, Z., 193. oblonga, Benth., 198. parviflora, Lam., 193. ~—phaseoloides, Sw., 190. -——+reticulata, Sw., 191. ——tenuiflora, W., 194. INDEX. Gomphia nitida, Sw., 105. nitida, DC., 105. pyrifolia, Gr., 105. -—}-Gomphocarpus fruticosus, R. Br., 419. >Gomphrena . Berteriana, Badd., corr. brasiliensis, Jacg., 64. glauca, Mog., 65. globosa, L., 63. interrupta, Z., 63. Feesnatlen Moq., 65. luzuliflora, Mog., 65. Gongora atropurpurea, Hook., 630. Goniophlebium, Pri., Polypodii, 698. Gonocentrum collinum, Cr., 237. Gonolobus crispiflorus, R. Br., 421 floccosus, Wickstr., 421 hirtus, Bert., 419. 421, pubescens, Gr., 420. rhamnifolius, Gr., 420. rostratus, R. Br., 420, stellatus, Gr., 420. undulatus, R. Br., 421. vincentina, Lindl., 189. —Gonzalea Glycosmis citrifolia, Lindl., 132. Petesia, Gr., 321. spicata, DC., 321. heterophylla, Rich., 132.—-——GooDRNOVIEs, 388. *——Gnaphalium ~—albescens, Sw., 380. americanum, Mill., 380. <+-Gordonia heematoxylon, Sw., 104. villosa, Macf., 104, domingense, Lam., 380. —-Gossypiauthus elegans, Kth., 380. —obtusifolium, Z., 380. oxyphyllum, var., DC.,380. Peppigianum, DC., 380. ——polycephalum, Mich, - 380. ——~purpureum, L., 380. spicatum, Lam., 380. Geeppertia * sericea, Ns., 284. Gomphia_ . Candollei, Pi., 105. guianensis, Rich., 105. Guildingii, Pé., 105. jamaicensis, P/., 105. laurifol a, Sw., 104. longifolia, DC., 105. lanuginosus, Mogq., 68. Gossypium berbadense, L., 86. brasiliense, Maef., 86. — herbaceum, L., 86. jamaicense, Macf., 86. hirsutum, L., 86. oligospermum, Macf., 8 religiosum, L., 86. Gouania cordifolia, Radd., 101. domingensis, L., 101. glabra, Jacg., 101. pubescens, Lam., 102. smilacina, Sm., 101. tomentosa, Jacq., 101. maritimus, Bot. Reg., martinicensis, Decs., 420. purpurascens, Poir., 86. {.Govenia limbata, Gr., 628. _ utriculata, Lindl., 628. mGRAMINEA, 527. Grarnsmadenia parasitica, Gr., 393. |, Grammica, Lour., sect. Cus- cutee, 476. Grammitis elongata, Sw., 702. graminoides, Sw., 672. Hewardii, Moor., 696. lanceolata, Schk., 702. linearis, Sw., 703. marginella, Sw., 708. myosuroides, Sw., 703. serrulata, Sw., 703. sect, |-Granadilla, DC., sect. Passi- flore, 293. Graptophyllum pratense, Ns., 455. —r Gratiola + «do—Monnieria, Z., 430. repens, Sw., 430. Greggia aromatica, G., 238. Grias cauliflora, L., 242. Guadua latifolia, Kth., 528. Guajacum officinale, L., 134, sanctum, L., 184. verticale, Rich., 134. Guanabani, WM7., sect. Ano- nee, 4, Guarea Perrotetii, Juss., 131. Swartzii, DC., 131, corr. trichilioides, Gr., 131. Vahliana, Juss., 131. Guatteria laurifolia, Dun., 7. Ouregou, Dun., 7. virgata, Duz., 7. >Guazuma p——Bubroma, Zuss., 91. parvifolia, Rich., 90. polybotrya, Cav., 90. tomentosa, Kth., 90. jelmifolia, Lam., 91. ulmifolia, Mae/f., 90. Guazumoides, DC., sect. Cor- chori, 97. Guettarda ambigua, DC., 332. argentea, Lam., 332. coriacea, Pers., 334. 6. INDEX. ~—~Guettarda -Gymnogramme crispifiora, V., 338, trifoliata, Desv., 678. elliptica, Sw., 382. Gymnogyne, Didr., sect. longiflora, Gr., 382. macrantha, Benth., 382. membranacea, Sied., 333, odorata, Lam., 332. parvifolia, Sw., 338. parviflora, V., 338. parviflora, var., DC., 333. resinosa, Pers., 334, ——rugosa, Sw., 332. ~——scabra, Lam., 332. ——viburnoides, Cham., 332. viscosa, Duch., 334. xylosteoides, Kth., 383. — ——Guettardaria, DC., sect., Guettarde, 332. Guidonia spinescens, Gr., 24. Guilandina Bonduce, 11, 204, Bonducella, L., 204, glabra, Mill., 205. Guildingia psidioides, Hook., 243. Gustavia, sp., 243. GuTTiFERa&, 105. Guzmannia tricolor, R. P., 598. ~~ Gymnacanthus, Oerst., sect. — 4 Phenacis, corr. Gymnolobus, Ducharts, sect. Aristolochie, 299. -Gymnopogon Jiliformis, Gr., 538. levis, Ns., 538. Gymnopsis verbesinoides, DC., 372. Gymnopteris acuminata, Pri., 675. aliena, Pri., 674. nicotianifolia, Prl., 674. pGynandropsis, DC., Cleomis, 15. r——-palmipes, DC., 15. p= pentaphylla, DC, 15. speciosa, K¢h., 15. je triphylla, DC, 15. Gynerium, K7th., sect. Arun- dinis, 530. saccharoides, Humb., 530. Gynoxys glabrata, Zess., 381. incana, Less., 381. -laciniata, Dess., 382. lucida, Less., 382. Gyrolobium, Gr., sect. Pithe- colobii, 226. = sect. 741 Haloschenus capillaris, Ns., 576. sparsus, Ns., 576. --Hamelia axillaris, Si., 320. chrysantha, Sw., 320. chrysantha, Jacq., 320. cuprea, Gr., 320. tee latifolia, Rchd., 320. lutea, Rohr., 320. -—.patens, Jacq., 320. ventricosa, Sw., 320. Hamulium, Cass., sect. Ver- besine, 374. Hapleechmea, Gr., Aichmes, 593. Haplostylis, Vs., sect. Rhyn- chosporee, 574. barbata, Ns., 574. Hargasseria occidentalis, Gr., 278. tinifolia, Hndl., 278. Harrera gerascanthoides, Macf., 254, trinervis, Macf., 255. Hartigia, Mig., sect. Mico- nie, 258. oblongifolia, Mzq., 258. spectabilis, Mig., 258. Hebanthe, Mart., sect. Ire- sect. Ruellie, 451. sinis, 64, Gymnandropogon, Ws., sect. | Habbesia, Benth., sect. Mi- | Hebecliniam Andropoginis, 558. mose, 219. macrophyllum, DC., 356. Gymnanthes, Sw., sect. [xe~Habenaria ~~ Hecastophyllum coecariz, 50. alata, Hook., 644. Benthamianum, Jiz., elliptica, Sw., 51. brachyceras, Lindl., 644. 202, hypoleuca, Benth., 50. lucida, Sw., 50. ~—— Gymnogonia, &. Br., sect. Cleomes, 15. “—" Gymnogramme “~~ calomelanos, Kaulf., 679. calomelanos, Eat., 679. cherophylla, Desv., 679. chrysophylla, Kaulf., 679. dealbato-calomelanos, Reg., 679. distans, Lk., 679. gracilis, Hew., 696. leptophylla, Kat., 679. L’Herminieri, Kz., 679. ~——~ Martensii, Bor., 679. ornithopteris, K\., 679. peruviana, Desv., 679. rufa, Desv., 678. sulfurea, Desv., 679. —_— heptadactyla, G. Rehb., 644. macroceras, Spr., 643. “ maculosa, Lindl., 643. mesodactyla, Gr., 644, setacea, Lindl., 644. Habzelia undulata, 4. DC., 7. Heemadictyon grandiflorum, 4. DC., 416. nutans, 4. DC, 413. yenosum, Liwdi., 413. Hematoxylon campechianum, L., 204. Heemocharis, Salisb., syn. Laplace, 104. + Hamoporaces, 589, Heenianthus “= tartarea, Desv., 679. inerassatus, Gr., 405. macroceratitis, W., 643. brachyceratitis, W., 644, 1. Brownei, Pers., 202. Monetaria, DC., 202. Plumieri, Pers., 202. Lieberi, Rchd., 202. + Hedera arborea, Sw., 806. capitata, Sz., 306. multiflora, DC., 306. nutans, Sw., 306. pendula, Sw., 306. sciadophyllum, Sw., 306. Hedwigia : balsamifera, Sw., 174. Hedyosmum arborescens, Sw., 173. nutans, Sw., 173. Hedyotis americana, Jacy., 330. Burmanniana, Br., 330. Heynii, Br., 330. rupestris, Sw., 330. 742 ~ Hedysarum adscendens, Sw., 186. —~( asperum, Poir., 187. axillare, Sw., 187. barbatum, Sw., 186. cajanifolium, A7h., 187. ceeruleoviolaceum, —~diphyllum, Z., 185. heterocarpum, Z., 186. incanum, Sw., 186. molle, DC., 188. scorpiurus, Sw., 187. ——spirale, Sw., 188. strobiliferum, Z., 191. supinum, Sw., 186, —tortuosum, Sw., 188. triflorum, Z., 186. ~—— trigonum, Sw., 187. umbellatum, Z., 188. — uncinatum, Jacg., 187. venustulum, £th., 186. vespertilionis, Z., 185, Heimia salicifolia, L. O., 271. Heisteria coccinea, Jacq., 310. Helia, Mart., sect. Lisianthi,--H 423. Heliconia acuminata, Kappl., 600. Bihai, L., 600. caunoides, Rich., 600. caribea, Lam., 600. dasyantha, C. Kth., 600. hirsuta, L., 600. humilis, Jacq., 600. luteofusca, Jacg., 600. psittacorum, L., 600. psittacorum, Seem., 600. pulverulenta, Lindl., 600. Swartziana, 2. S., 600. Helicteres altheifolia, Lam., 89. apetala, Jacg., 90. baruensis, Jacq., 89. furfuracea, Rich., 89, cor jamaicensis, Jacq., 89. Tsora, Dese., 89. semitriloba, Bert., 89, corr. trapezifolia, Rich. 89, corr. —Teliophytum, Cham., sect. Heliotropii, 485. ~~ foeetidum, DC., 485. ~~ humile, Papp., 485. Mey. INDEX. ~Heliophytum indicum, DC., 485. K—parviflorum, DC., 485. -EHeliotropium canescens, Kth., 486. cinereum, Kth., 486. coromandelinum, etz., 486, ~— curassavicum, L., 486. - demissum, R. S., 486. Jiliforme, Kth., 486. Sruticosum, L., 486. guaphalodes, Jacg., 483. helophilum, Mart., 486. hirtum, Lehm., 486. humifusum, Kth., 486. fp—indicum, L., 485. inundatum, Sw., 485. Kunzei, Lehm., 486. microphyllum, Sw., 486. myosotoides, Bert., 486. niloticum, 4. DC., 486. ovalifolium, Forsk., 486. parciflorum, Gr., 486. p—parviflorum, L., 485. procumbens, Kth., 486. ternatum, 7., 486. elmia bulbifera, K¢h., 587. f—“Hhrenbergiana, A’th., 588. 2 Hemitelia Imrayana, Hook., 706. Kohautiana, Kz., 706. multiflora, 2. Br., 704. obtusa, Kaulf., 706. obtusa, var., Hook., 706. Parkeri, Hook., 705. speciosa, Kaulf., 706. subincisa, Kz., 706. Henriettea grandifolia, Macf., 246. racemosa, Maef., 261. ramiflora, DC., 246. succosa, DC., 246. Hepheestionia,- Naud., sect., Cheetogastre, 266. chamecistus, Nauwd., 267. strigosa, Naud., 266. Hernandia sonora, L., 285. “Tr Herpestis +—vhamedryoides, Kth., 430. 4—chrysantha, Cham., 430. +—cubensis, Papp., 430. -—Monnieria, Kth., 430. repens, Cham. Schl., 430. sessiliflora, Benth., 430. Herpetica, DC., sect. Cassie, pilosiuscula, K7/., 588, 209. Helopus —~r Heteranthera w punctatus, 77, 544, ~~ limosa, V., 590. Helosciadium ——-reniformis, R. P., 590. leptophylium, DC., 308. Heteraquartia, Gr., sect. Helosis Solani, 442. : guianensis, Rich., 309. Heteroloma, Desv., sect. Nes —r Hemicarpha modii, 186. ~ |_— subsquarrosa, Ns., 572. Hemidictyon Hemimitra, Gr., sect. Bor- rere, 349, t Hemiouitis ——-dealbata, W7., 6'79. grandifolia, Sw., 685. lanceolata, Z., 672. pr almata, L., 678. rufa, Sw., 678. Hemiphlebium pusillum, Pri., 657. Hemitelia capensis, 2. Br., 701. YY ruianensis, Hook., 705. ‘ookeri, Fée, 706. horrida, R. Br., 706. horrida, var., Hook., 706. marginatum, Pri., 680. | grandifolia, Spr., 706. ——-Heterostega, Heteronoma diversifolium, DC., 266. | Heteropogon, Pers., sect. Andropoginis, 558. hirtus, Pers., 558. | Heteropteris acutifolia, var., Juss., 120. coerulea, Kzh., 120. laurifolia, Suss., 119. Lindeniana, Tuss., 120. macrostachya, Suss., 120. parviflora, DC., 119. platyptera, DC., T19. purpurea, Kth., 119. Desv., Boutelous, 537. juncifolia, Desv., 437. Heterotaxis crassifolia, Livd?., 626. sect. Heterotricham dubium, Macf., 247. hispidum, Gr., 251. niveum, DC., 251. octandrum, Mac/., 251. patens, DC., 251. viscosum., Macf., 247. Hevea guianensis, A wd/., 37. Hexadesmia Susiformis, Gy., 623. Hexisea reflexa, G. Rchb., 6238. ~—= Hibiscus Abelmoschus, Z., 84. abutiloides, W., 87. aquaticus, Tuss., 85. arboreus, Dese., 86. Bancroftianus, Macf., 85, corr. Bancroftianus, Ham., §5. bicornis, Dey., 84.. bifurcatus, Cav., 84. cannabinus, L., 85. clypeatus, L., 85. domingensis, Jacq., 85. elatus, Sw., 87. esculentus, D., 84. Srayilis, DC., 85. hirtus, Cav., 85. lunarifolius, W., 85. Maclayanus, Baner., 85. malvaviscus, Z., 83. ~— mutabilis, L., 85. pentaspermus, Bert., 84, pheeniceus, Jacg., 85. populneus, Z., 87. Rosa-sinensis, 85. Sabdarifa, L., 85. similis, BZ., 86. sororius, L., 84. spinifex, Z., 82. striatus, Cav., 85. tiliaceus, D., 86. tiliaceus, Tuss., 87. trilobus, Cav., 85. truncatus, Rich., 85. tulipiflorus, Hook., 84. — unilateralis, Cav., 85. vitifolius, L., 85. Hieronyma alchorneoides, Allem., 32. Higgitsia psychotriifolia, Benth., 321. Hillia longiflora, Sw., 325. parasitica, Jacg., 825. INDEX. Hillia tetrandra, Sw., 325. Hippeastrum, Herd., Amaryllidis, 584, equestre, Herb., 584. occidentale, Ram., 584. Hippion verticillatum, Spr., 423. Hippocratea comosa, Sw., 148. discolor, Mey., 148. grandiflora, Pay., 148. integrifolia, Mey., 148. Kappleriana, Mzg., 148. levigata, Rich., 148. malpighifolia, Rudg., 148 sect. obcordata, Lam., 148. ovata, Lam., 148. scandens, Jacg., 148. scutellata, Gr., 148. volubilis, Z., 148. HpeockatEacns, 148. Hippomane biglandulosa, Awé/., 49. biglandulosa, Sw., 49. Maneinelia, L., 50. Hireea chrysophylla, Juss., 122. Hookeriana, Juss., 121. Jussizana, Mig., 120. ovatifolia, Ath., 121. reclinata, Jacq., 121. Riedleyana, Suss., 121. Simsiana, Juss., 121. Swartziana, Juss., 121. Hirtella americana, Z., 229, 230. fruticosa, Stewd., 230. glaberrima, Steud., 216. hirsuta, Lam., 230. paniculata, Sw., 230. triandra, Sw., 230. rHisingera elegans, C/., 21. nitida, Hei/., 21. puberula, Sch/., 21. Ronmea, C/., 21. Hoffmannia pedunculata, Sw., 321. psychotriifolia, Gr., 821. tubiflora, Gr., 321. Hohenbergia, Schult., sect. Féchenes, 592. we} —_ at ~ — — 4 A 743 | Holeus [—halepensis, Z., 560. saccharatus, Ard., 560. PHolosterm cordatum, Z., 56. diandrum, Sw., 56. HomaLinee&, 298. Homalium’ racemosum, Jacq., 298. Hopkirkia, DC., sect. Sal- mee, 375. Hoplophytum, Beer., sect. Achmex, 591. bracteatum, C. Kth., 592. lingulatum, Beer., 591. nudicaule, C. Kth., 593. paniculatum, Beer., 592. polystachyum, Beer., 592. purpureoroseum, Beer., 593. Hosta cerulea, Jacg., 501. + Houstonia, Z., 331. Howardia, H¢h., syn. Gym- nolobi, 299. Hufelandia : pendula, Ns., 280. Humiriacea, 403. Hura crepitans, L., 50. Hydrocallis, PZ., sect. Nym- phee, 11. T-HyprocHaRIDEz, 506. rHydrocotyle +— asiatica, L., 307. ~~ brevipes, DC., 307. —- repanda, Pers., 507. -— umbellata, L., 307. rtydrolea spinosa, L., 477. trigyna, Sw., 477. re tirens, R. P., 477. paniculata, Lam., 230. -HyDRoLEacE”, 476. pendula, Sol., 230. ~—r Hydromystria racemosa, Lam., 229. —t— stolonifera, Mey., 506. silicea, Gr., 229, corr. ““y Hymenachne fluviatilis, Ws., 553. myurus, P. B., 553. ww striata, Gr., 554, Hymenza Courbaril, L., 2138. ‘Hymenocallis cayennensis, Herd., 583. caribeea, Herd., 583. rotata, Ker., 583. Sloanei, Rem., 583. Hymenodium, Fée, sect. Acro- stichi, 675. 744 INDEX. Hymenolepis, Kaulf., syn. | Hypolepis —Tex : sie edie nigrescens, Hook., 667. sideroxyloides, Gr., 147, —~—~Hymenophyllum pedata, Hook., 667. corr. abietinum, H. G., 658. Purdieana, Hook., 667.4 Inrcinza, 146. abruptum, Hook., 658. radiata, Hook., 667. -—+Tllecebrum repens, Pri., 666. _+—ficoideum, L., 67. rugulosa, J. Sm., 667. 4t—polygonoides, Z., 67. Hypoporum, Ns., sect. Scle- +—~vermiculatum, Z., 65. rie, 579. Imperata ; hirtellum, Ws., 579. caudata, Tr., 561. urpurascens, NVs., 579. —+ Indigofera Anil, L., 181. flaccida, -Roxd., 181. hirsuta, L., 181. apicale, Bsch., 659. axillare, Sw., 659. axillare, H. Gr., 659. blepharodes, Pri., 659. ciliatum, Sw., 659. clavatum, Sw., 658. _ ~——-Cruegerii, C. Mill., --Hypoxis 659. decumbens, L., 585. elegans, Spr., 659. _ scorzonerifolia, Lam., 585. elegantulum, Bsch., 659.—Hy ptis inquinans, W., 181. flaccidum, Bsch., 658. atrorubens, Poit., 488. lespedezoides, H. 4., fraternum, Pri., 658. brevipes, Poit., 488. 181. Sucoides, Sw., 659. __apitata, Jacq., 488. mucronata, Spr., 181. Grevilleanum, Pri., 658. chamedrys, W., 487. scabra, Rth., 181. — hirsutum, Sw., 659. glandulosa, Sted., 490. subulata, V., 181. hirtellum, Sw., 659. lantanifolia, Poit., 488. tinctaria, L., 181. jalapense, Cham., Schlecht., melanosticta, Gr., 488. viscosa, Lam., 181. 658. obtusifiora, Pri., 488. Ingastrum, Gr., sect. Inge, pectinata, Poit., 489. 227. +—Plumieri, Poit., 489. Inga polystachya, Kths, 488. acuminata, Benth., 227. lineare, Sw., 659. pseudochameedrys, Poit., alba, W., 228. polyanthos, Sw., 658. 487. Bourgoni, DC., 228. protrusum, Hook., 658. +—~spicata, Poit., 488. comosa, W., 225. = Kobautianum, 658. ——latifrons, Bsch., 659. Pri., pulchellum, Hook., 659. remotum, Bsch., 659. Schomburgkii, Pri., 658. sericeum, Sw., 659. trifidum, H. Gr., 659. undulatum, Sw., 658. Hymenostachys, Bor., sect. Trichomanis, 653. Hyospathe pubigera, Gr. W., 516. Hypaspidia, Gr., sect. Excce- cari, 51, Hypelate oblongifolia, Hook., 127. paniculata, Camb., 127. trifoliata, Sw., 127. Hyperbena, Mrs., sect. Coc- culi, 10, conf. corr. spicigera, Lam., 487. r—— suaveolens, Poit., 489. verticillata, Jacq., 489. vilis, Kth., 488. Tbatia maritima, Gr., 421. maritima, Decs., 421. sie, 395, guianensis, 4u5/., 395. nici, 550. almadensis, Kth., 550. leiocarpus, AKth., 551. Icica Copal, Rich., 174. heptaphylia, Aubl., 1738. Hostmanni, Ws. 10. —— cognatus, Ath., 581. ———parviflorus, Poir., 581. ~——tenuis, W., 581. ~~ Juniperus barbadensis, L., 503. bermudiana, Lun., 503. —— virginiana, L., 503. Jussizea, 4 + 4 4 4 — INDEX. ussieea affinis, DC., 272. angustifolia, Lam., 273. h—decurrens, DC., 272.. erecta, Lam., 272. erecta, L., 273. erecta, Sw., 278.. hirta, V., 273. ligustrifolia, Kth., 273. linifolia, V., 272. longifolia, DC., 273. macrocarpa, Kth., 273. .nubica, Hochst., 272. occidentalis, Nutt., 273. octofila, DC., 273. octonervia, DC., 273. octonervia, Lam., 273. octovalvis, Sw., 273. palustris, Mey., 272. }-—— peploides, Ath., 272. peruviana, Z., 273. | pilosa, Kth., 272. |... pterophora, Mig., 271. te pubescens, L., 272. boo ramulosa, DC., 272.. — repens, L., 272. salicifolia, Kth., 278. seabra, V., 273. armata, Sw., 457. assurgens, Z., 458. caracasana, Sied., 456. carthagenensis, Jacq., 456 coccinea, Audi, 454. comata, Sw., 456. cristata, Jacg., 454. eustachiana, Jacq., 456. Gendarussa, L., 456. geniculata, Sims, 455. humifusa, Sw., 456. lucida, 7, 455. microphylla, Lam., 457. nemorosa, Sw., 457. nervosa, V., 457. nitida, Jacq., 454. acuminata, Sw., 272. pectoralis, Jacg., 455.. —t martinicensis, Jacg., 458. martinicensis, Sied., 453. sor) Justicia picta, Z., 451. racemulosa, 451. reptans, Sw., 455. retusa, V., 456. scabra, V., 454, secunda, V., 455. sessilis, Jacg., 456. sexangularis, D., 458. spherosnerma, V., 456. spinosa, Z., 457. tetragona, /., 454. Wickstr., +-Kallstroemia, Scop., sect. Tri- buli, 134. 4—snaxima, 7. Gr., 184. }-Kampmannia, Raf, sect. Zan- thoxyli, 138. Karatas, P/., syo. Nidularii, Kegelia ruderalis, Sch., 369. Ketmia, DC., sect. Hibisci, 84... Kleinia alata, Mey., 364. ruderalis, Sw., 379.. sedoides, Kth., 272. —— Kosteletzkya suffruticosa, L., 2738. pentasperma, Gr., 83. t= Swartziana, DC., 273. Krameria. qt~variabilis, Mey., 271. Izina, L., 31. villosa, Lam., 278. Kublia : Justicia mollis, Pepp., 22. acicularis, Sw., 457. —1Kyllinga Adhatoda, L., 456. aphylla, Kth., 568. androsemifolia, Sied., brevifolia, Rottb., 568. 458. b——cruciformis, Schr., 568. globosa, P. B., 569. Jusformis, Sw., 568. P—monocephala, Rotth., 568. odorata, V., 568. b-- sororia, Ith, 568. striata, Schr., 568. triceps, Rottb., 568.. vaginata, Lam., 569. Labatia sessiliflora, Sw., 402: LABIATAE, 486. Lablab lencocarpus, Sav., 196.. perennans, DC., 196. vulgaris, Sav., 196. Laceraria, Naud., sect. Tetra- aygiee, 255. Lacistema myricoides, Sw., 25.. LacistemEs, 25. =—~Lactuca jamaicensis, Gr., 384, indica, L., 884. intybacea, Jacg., 384, o—~~Lelia superbiens, Lindl., 620. Lecliopsis domingensis, 621. Letia Guidgnia, Sw., 22. longifolia, Rich, 62. Thamnia, Sw., 20. Lagenaria vulgaris, Ser., 288, Lagenocarpus tremulus, Ns., 580. ——Lagerstrexmia —“indica, L., 271. ‘regine, Roxb., 271. Lagetta lintearia, Lam., 279. —~—Laguncularia — racemosa, G., 276. ——Lampsana —— communis, L., 384. Landersia pervaga, Macf., 289. Lindl., Langsdorflia, Leandr., sect. Zauthoxyli, 138, ——Lantana acnleata, Z., 495. annua, Z., 496. Camara, L., 495. crocea, Jacq., 496. ~——~——~involucrata, L., 496. involucrata, Sw., 496. lilacina, Desf, 496. lippioides, H. 4., 495. Lockhartii, Don, 495. odorata, L., 496. peduncularis, Axd., 496. Radula, Sw., 496. recta, Ait., 496. reticulata, Pers., 496. stricta, Sw., 496. trifolia, L., 496. Laplacea hematoxylon, 104. villosa, Gr. 104. Lappago lead Spr., 557. racemosa, Schreb., 557. yacemosa, var., Kth., 557. ndra —_— Lasiacis, Gr., sect. Panici, -—mauritanica, Salzm., 585. 551. Camb., —Bhavurinuaz, 279. —_— ot a INDEX. TAT Lasiocroton —+Leersia macrophyllus, Gyr., 46, monandra, Sw., 585. corr. —LecuMINnos#, 177. Lasiogyne, K7., sect. Croto- | Leianthus nis, 42, cordifolius, Gr., 424, phlomoides, Gr., 42. exsertus, Gy., 425. Latreillea latifolius, Gr., 424, peruviana, Pepp., 368. longifolius, Gr., 424. Laubertia, 4. DC., sect. umbellatus, Gr., 425. Nehitidis, 415. Leianthostemon, Gr., sect. Laugeria, V., sect. Steno- Voyriz, 421. stomi, 334, coriacea, V., 834. lucida, Sw., 384. odorata, Jacg., 333. resinosa, 77., 334. tomentosa, Sw., 333. Laurus alpigena, Sw., 280. tm—Borbouia, Hb. Bks., 281. Borbonia, Sw., 282. Cassia, L., 279. Chloroxylon, Z., 285. Cinnamomum, L., 279. coriacea, Sw., 281. exaltata, Sied., 284. exaltata, Sw., 281. latifolia, A3. Bhs., 282. leucoxylou, Sw., 283. .. martinicensis, Jacg., 281. martinicensis, Sies., 284. membranacea, Sw., 282. montana, Sw., 279. parvifolia, Papp., 280. patens, Sw., 282. pendula, Sw., 280. Persea, Sw., 280. salicifolia, Sw., 281. triandra, Sw., 250. Ag ae Lawsonia alba, Lam., 271. inermis, L., 271. Lebidibia coriaria, Schl., 206. Lecythis coriaria, DC., 243. tLeersia australis, 2. Br., 535. contracta, Ws., 535. PB pees Sw., 535. — Leiayenia, Gr., sect. Ayenis, 91 Leipha‘mos, Cham.,Schi.,sect. Voyrize, 425. parasitica, Cham., Schi., 425, Lemna Lee minor, L., 512. mer trisulca, L., 512. LENTIBULARIES, 390. Leochilus cochlearis, Lindl., 634. r Leonotis tome 2eEpetifolia, R. Br., 492. Ldueonurus sibiricus, L., 491. Lepanthes cochlearifolia, 611 concinna, Sw., 611. Loddigesiana, G. Rehé., 610. puichella, Sw., 610. rotundata, Gr., 610. sanguinea, Hook., 611. tridentata, Sw., 610. tridentata, Lindl., 611. Lepicystis, J. Sm., sect. Po- lypodii, 699. Sw., 610, ; Lavatera Lepidagathis americana, L., 79. alopecuroides, R. Br. Lavenia 453 decumbens, Sw., 850. = Lepidium +—lIberis, Desc., 14. ao sativum, L., 14. Ww virginicum, L., 14. Lepidococca : Sieberi, Zurcz., 43. + Leptochloa arabica, Kth., 537. brachiata, Sfeud., 538. domingensis, Lé., 538. |_—filiformis, R. S., 537. gracilis, Ns., 538. t—mexicana, Kth., 535. Lindleyana, Kth., 588. longa, Gr., 538. 3 F 748 ——~Leptochloa w= mucronata, Kth., 837. mutica, Steud., 538. ——pellucidula, Steud., 537. ——tenerrima, 2. S., 537. virgata, P. B., 538. Leptocoryphium, Ns., sect. Mili, 534. lanatum, WVs., Leptogramma gracilis, J. Sm., 696. Leptonema, Juss., sect. Phyl- lanthi, 34 Leptospermoides, De. 1 sect. Vernoniee, 352. Leptostachya comata, Ns., 456. Martiana, Ws., 456, parviflora, Vs., 456, s—— Leptostemon, Sendin., Solani, 438. Leria albicans, DC., 383. dentata, Spy., 383. integrifolia, DC., 383, nutans, DC., 383. pumila, DC., 383. sinuata, DC., 383. tomentosa, Gr., 383. Lestibudesia, Zh., sect. Celo- sie, 62. —— Leucena glauca, Benth., 220. trichodes, Benth., 223. 534. — —_ sect + INDEX. Limnochloa articulata,, Pl. Spruce, 571. constricta, Ns., 171. mutata, Ns., 571. plantaginea, Ns., 571. Limnonesis, K7/., syn. Pistia, 512. Limodorum altum, Jacq., 622. filiforme, Sw., 623. funale, Sw., 625. grandiflorum, 4ud/., 636. pendulum, Aud/., 624. utriculatum, Sw., 628. + Limonium, Boiss., sect. Sta- tices, 259. L Linaria r— vulgaris, Mill, 431. ~Lindernia lianthera, Sw., 430. Lindsea clavata, Berzh., 661. guranensis, Dry., 662. Klotzschiana, Mor., 662 microphylla, Sw., 661. quadrangularis, Radd., 662. rufescens, Kz., 668. stricta, Dry., 663. trapeziformis, Dry., 662. Linociera compacta, R. Br., 405. glomerata, Phl., 405. Leucas ligustrina, Sw., 405. martinicensis, R. Br., tetrandra, Sied., 405. 491. “=Liparis Leucomeleena, Gr., sect. Coc- bituberculata, Lindl., > colobee, 163. 612. —— Liabum Brownei, Cass., 383. Licania hypoleuca, Benth., 230, —- leucosepala, Gr., 230, pyrifolia, Gr., 230. Lightfootia serrata, Sw,, 22. ——Liniacea, 581. Lima, Gr., sect. Clidemis, 249, ~—Limnanthemum Humboldtianum, 436. —— Limnobium Bosci, Rich., 506. Sinclairii, Benth., 506. ——~TSpongia, Steud., 506. ——~ stoloniferum, |B 506, Gr., ht elata, Lindl., 612. elliptica, G. Rehb., 612. jamaicensis, Lindd., 612. PLippia betulifolia, Kth., 494. Chamissonis, Schau, 495. cymosa, Sw., 348. geminata, Kth., 495. micromera, Schau., 495. —20diftora, Rich., 494. p—~reptans, Kth., 495. stachadifolia, Kth., 495. + Lisianthus acutangulus, Bot. Mag., 4s, alatus, Aubl., 424. amenus, Mig., 424, = —Lisianthus callosus, Bert., 425. chelonoides, L., 4238. cordifolius, Sw., 424. L__exaltatus, Lam., 422. exsertus, Sw., 425, . fistulosus, Benth., 424. Srigidus, Sw., 424. glaber, L., 424, peeflaucifolius, Lam., 422. gracilis, Gr., 424. latifolius, Sw., 425. longifolius, L., 424. Oerstedii, Gr., 424. thamnoides, Gr., 424, trifidus, Kth., 424. uliginosus, Gr., 424. Lithachne, P. B., sect. Olyree, 536. Lithophila muscoides, Sw., 66, corr. subscaposa, Gr., 66. Lithospermum distichum, Pepp., 488. r Loasia, 298, Lobelia acuminata, Sw., 386. anceps, Thunb., 385, assurgens, L., 387. Berteriana, Spr., 385. camporum, Phi. 385. cirsiifolia, Zam., 387. lp ~—Cliffortiana, L., 385. conglobata, Pri., 387. domingensis, A. DC.,, 385. Krausii, Grah., 388. longiflora, Jacq., 388. persicifolia, Zam., 388. 4—Plumieri, Z., 388. racemosa, Sims., 387. robusta, Grah., 387. sonchifolia, Sw., 387. surinamensis, Z., 387. trinitensis, Gr., 385. P—xalapensis, Kth., 385. OBELIACES, 385, Lockhartia acuta, G. Rchb., 624. elegans, Hook., "624. Lomagramme prestantissima, Gr., 678. mLomaria p= attenuata, W., 673. divergens, Kz., 678. Gilliesii, H. Gr., 673. lineata, W., 678. longifolia, Kaulf., 674. —Lomaria magellanica, Desv., 674. — onoclioides, Spr., 673. Plumierii, Desv., 673. —— polypodioides, Desv., 673. Dbrocera, Desv., 673. rufa, Spr., 674, Ryani, Kaulf., 674. sorbifolia, Kaulf., 674, striata, W., 673. Lomariopsis erythrodes, Fée, 674. ee Fée, 674. yee irsuta, L., 669. repens, Z., 666. Lonchocarpus latifolius, Kth., 199. macrophyllus, Wp., 199. oxycarpus, DC., 199. pterocarpus, Mig., 200. sericeus, Kth., 200: Swartzii, DC., 199. violaceus, Kth., 200. Lophosoria pruinosa, Pr., 708. Loreya . Sasciculiflora, Naud., 245edLYCoropIAcEsz, 645, trinitensis, Cr., 245. ~Lorantuacea, 811. ~Loranthus americanus, Jacq., 311. americanus, Sw., 311. avicularius, Mart., 312. avicularius, K¢h.; 318. claviceps, Gr., 811. emarginatus, Sw., 312. Jacquinii, DC., 311. immersus, Benth., 318. lepidobotrys, Gr., 311. marginatus, Kéh., 312. montanus, Macf., 312. occidentalis, L., 3138. orinocensis, Gr., 311. paniculatus, Kth., 312. parviflorus, Lam., 312. parvifolius, Sw., 312. pauciflorus, Sw., 312. Plumierii, Cham., Schl., 311. polyrhizus, Mart., 312. spicatus, Hb. Bhs., 318. spicatus, Jacg., 313. uniflorus, Jacq., 312. viscifolius, Kt/., 314. Lourea vespertilionis, 185. Desv., = 4— microcarpa, Mich., 271. a - =p——repens, Sw., 271. ku. acerosum, Sw., 647. i +— aristatum, X¢h., 647. ——carolinianum, L., 646. ~~») LYtHRARIEA, 269. +— clavatum, L., 646. INDEX. Lucuma mammosa, Gr., 402. multiflora, A. DC., 402. pauciflora, A, DC., 402. Lucya tuberosa, DC., 331. r Ludwigia r— natans, £7/., 271. cerasiforme, Dun., 436. esculentum, Mill., 436. Humboldtii, Dun., 436., , Lycopodium aqualupianum, Sprg., 647. cernuum, L., 647. un complanatum, L., 646. curvatum, Sw., 647. denudatum, H. G., 645. denudatum, W., 645. dichotomum, Jacq., 647. flabellatum, L., 646. Gayanum, (/., 646. hispidum, /., 645. Jussiei, Desv., 646. linifolium, L., 647. mandiocanum, Radd., 647. - myrsinites, Lam., 647, nitens, Cham., Schl., 647. nudum, D., 648. nummularifolium, B7., 647. ornithopodioides, Z., 645. passerinoides, K¢h., 647. ornithopodioides, Sw., 645. | patulum, Sw., 645. 749 Lycopodium Phiagmaria, L., 647. -654- reflexum, Lam., 647. reflexum, Lechl., 647. 3 » peepee Sw., 646. rigidum, Sw., 647. scariosum, Forst., 646. serpens, W., 645. Luffa Sieherianum, Sprg., 647. acutangula, Hook., 288. squarrosum, Sw., 647, Lunania stoloniferum, Sw., 646. racemosa, Hook., 20, Luemtaxifolinm, L., 647. corr. tetragonum, H. G., 647. opluziola l-—-thyoides, K/h, 646. — - ~~ peruviana, Juss., 585. Jem trichiatum, Bor., 647. Lycaste severticillatum, L., 647. Barringtonia, Lindl, Lygistum 627. axillare, Sw., 329. . ciliata, Zindl., 627. |. spicatum, Lam., 322. Lychnostemon, Gr. secte7Lygodium Dioscorex, 588. scandens, Schi., 651, Lycopersicum venustum, Sw., 651, volubile, Sw., 651. Lyonuia jamaicensis, Don, 142. maritima, HV/., 418. octandra, Gr., 142. -—t Lysiloma bahamensis, Benth., 221. Marchiana, Gr., 223. om Lythrum ciliatum, Sw., 270. fom. Cuphea, K., 269. r-Melaninm, Z., 269. Parsonsia, L., 269. — petiolatum, L., 269. Maba inconstans, Gr., 404. Mabea occidentalis, Benth., 43. Piriri, Aubl., 438. Taquari, Aubl., 43. | Macfadyena corymbosa, Gr., 449. uneinata, V., 449. Macherina rectioides, V., 573. Macherium affine, Benth., 201. angustifolium, Voy. robinifolium, Voy., 201, Sieberi, Benth., 201. 750 Machaonia ey acumindta, Bonpl., 348. ~Malpighia INDEX. elliptica, Pr?., 117. eymosa, Gr., 348. microphylia, Gr., 349. rotundata, Gr., 348. —~Maclura subintegerrima, Miq., 153. tinctoria, Don, 153. Aanthoxrylon, Endl., 158. Macradenia ° lutescens, R. Br., 635. Macrandra, Gr., sect. Nec- tandree, 282. Macreightia caribea, A. DC., 404. inconstans, 4. DC., 404. Macrochordium melananthum, Bur., 598. Macrocnemum coccineum, V., 325. . jamaicense, L., 820. .Macrolomia . bracteata, Vs., 579. Macroscepis obovata, Kth., 421. ——Magnolia Plumieri, Sw., 3. —— Maeno.iacea, 3. Malachra d aleeifolia, Jacg., 80. capitata, L., 80. ciliata, Potr., 81. palmata, Mch., 81. radiata, L., 81. rotundifolia, Schrh., 80. triloba, Desf, 81. trinervis, Pr/., 82. urens, Poit., 8], Malanea fucata, Ker., 117. Len glabra, L., 116.; glandulosa, Cav., 115. guadelupensis, Spr., 115. lanceolata, Gr., 117. lucida, Méd/., 115. martinicensis, Jacg., 117. media, Azé., 115. mitis, Rchd., 108. nitida, Cav., 116. 4+— nitida, Mi/7., 116. nitida, Sw., 115. oxycocca, Gr., 117. paniculata, JiUZ., 120. platyphylla, Sw., 116. polystachya, Azdr., 116. 7 polytricha, Juss., 117. punicifolia, L., 116. setosa, Spr., 117. spicata, Cav., 115. undulata, Juss., 116. uniflora, Zuss., 116. urens, L., 116. urens, Macef., 117. reMALPIGHIACES, 114. r Malva abutiloides, Z., 72. |__ americana, L., 72. L- americana, lich. 72. caroliniana, Z., 72. +——coromandelina, Sw., 72. + domingensis, Spr., 72. eriocarpa, DC., 72. }-—~polystachya, Cav., 72. prostrata, Cav., 72. em Spicata, L., 72. }tricuspidata, dit., 72. _ — bifureata, Desr., 333. macrophylla, Bartl., 337. 7 nitida, Lam., 384. sarmentosa, Aubl., 337. Malaxis spicata, Sw., 612. umbellulata, Sw., 612. Mallotonia, Gr., sect. Tour- nefortiz, 483. pilosus, DC., 85. Malouetia - pilosus, Macf., 85. retroflera, J. Mill., 412. Sagreeanus, Rich., 88. ~~ Malpighia —+ Malvinda, Med., sect. Side, altissima, Jacg., 115. 73. angustifolia, L.,117. —~Mamillaria biflora, Poir., 116. simplex, Haw., 300. coccigera, L., 117. ' Mammea , coriacea, Sw., 114, cubensis, K¢h., 117. elegans, Mey., 116. —— to—tricuspidatum, As. Gr., PMatvacrea, 71. Malvastrum h— spicatum, Gr., 72. 72. . Malvaviscus Lemarboreus, Cav., 83. mollis, DC., 838. americana, L., 108, corr. humilis, V., 108, corr. Manabea arborescens, Aub/., 499. laevis, Axb/., 500. Manettia calycosa, Gr., 330. coccinea, V., 329. cuspidata, Bert., 330. Garineri, DC., 330. havanensis, K7¢h., 330. Lygistum, Sw., 329. Mangifera indica, L., 176. Manglilla, Jacg., sect. Myr- sines, 392. Manicaria Plukenetii, Gr. W., 518. saccifera, Mart., 519. | Manihot Aipi, PAl., 37. utilissima, PAd., 37. r Manisuris —~ granularis, Sw., 557. .Mapouria, Benth., sect. Psy- chotrize, 340. Mapouriopsis, Gr., sect. Psy- chotriz, 342. Mappia affinis, Mfrs., 310. racemosa, Jacq., 310. Maranta Allouya, Jacg., 604. angustifolia, Sims, 605. Arouma, Jaeq., 605. arundinacea, L., 605. Cachibou, Jacg., 604. Casupito, Jacg., 604. Casupo, Jacg., 604. comosa; L., 604. gibba, Sm., 605. indica, Tuss., 605. juncea, Lam., 605. lachnocaula, Mig., 604. lutea, Zam., 604. petiolata, Rudg., 605. Tonchat, Aubl., 605. Marattia alata, Sw., 649. levis, Sm., 649. Marcgraavia coriacea, V., 110. dubia, Kzh., 110. picta, W., 110. spiciflora, Rich., 110. trinitatis, Pr7., 110. umbellata, L., 110. Marceraaviacus, 109. Marckia lateriflora, Gr., 108. longiflora, Mrs., 433. Marialveea amazonica, Pepp., 106. Marica plicata, Curt., 589. Marila grandiflora, corr. racemosa, Sw., 111. — fe V., sect. Cyperi, 566. Gr. 111, aggregatus, Ste)., 568. aphyllus, 7., 569. capillaris, V., 568. —~coriaceus, Mey., 567. elatus, 7., 568. filiformis, Spr., 568. flavens, V., 568. Meyenianus, WVs., 567. — Mutisii, Kth., 567. Peeppigianus, K¢h., 567. <4 Marlieria elliptica, Gr., 288. << Marsdenia affinis, Rich., 422. clausa, R. Br., 422. maculata, Hook., 422. “~~ Marsilea brasiliensis, Mart., 643. polycarpa, H. Gr., 643. —~.quadrifolia, Li, 645. Marsypianthes hyptoides, Mart., 487. Martinezia corallina, Mart., 521. Martiusia physaloides, Sch., 192. —-Martynia diandra, Glox., 465. Mascagnia ovatifolia, Gr., 121. Simsiana, Gr., 121. Masdevalia Senestrata, Lindl., 612. Mastigoscleria reflexa, Ns., 578. —~Matricaria “=~ Parthenium, Z., 380. prostrata, Sw., 380. ~~ Matthiola wee— scabra, L., 332, Manritia flexuosa, var., Dart., 515. setigera, Gr. W., 515. vinifera, Mayc., 515. ~Masillaria alba, Lindl., 626. “ — INDEX. | Maxillaria crassifolia, G. Rehb., 626. decolor, Zind/., 627. inflera, Gr., 626. palmifolia, Lindl., 627. pallidiflora, Hook., 627. rufescens, Lindl., 626. Maximiliana caribea, Gr. W., 522. regia, Mart., 523. Mayaca Aubletii, Sch., 526. fluviatilis, Aubdl., 526. Maytenus gouocladus, Gr., 145. tetrayonus, Gr., corr. ~Megaloporus, Sexdin., sect. Solani, 437. -Melampodium australe, Z., 369. humile, Sw., 369. ruderale, Sw., 369. 1 Melanthera 1 deltoidea, Rich., 372. t—-Linnei, Kzh., 372. Melastoma Acinodendron, LZ., 252. acuminatum, Sted., 253. acuminatum, V., 255. adpressum, Pri., 255. adscendens, Sw., 255. albicans, Sw., 256. alpinum, Sw., 264. amygdalinum, -Desr., 261. angustifolium, Sw., 258. arborescens, Sied., 258. argenteum, Si., 252. capillare, Sw., 249, ciliatum, Lam., 266, 267. coccineum, Rich., 264. cordato-ovale, Bonpl., 258. erenatum, Mey., 247. discolor, Z., 255. Dodandianum, Ham., 264. eleagnoides, Sicb., 255. eleeagnoides, Sw., 255. elatum, Sw., 252. fasciculare, Sw., 246, fulvum, Bonpl., 259. furfaraceum, V., 258. glaberrimum, Sch/., 262. glabratum, Sw., 245. glandulosum, Sw., 251. glancocarpum, Sehl., 262. Barringtonie, Lind?., 627. hirsutum, Sw., 248. — 751 “Melastoma hirtellum, Sw., 249. hirtum, Z., 247. hispidum, Sw., 251. holosericeum, Z., 256. ibaguense, Bonpl., 250. impetiolare, Sw., 256. levigatum, Ad/., 257. lateriflorum, V., 246. latifolium, Dese., 247. longifoliam, Awé/., 260. martinicense, Prl., 264. micranthum, Sw., 261. microphyllum, Sv., 248. montanum, Sw., 254. ornatum, Z., 266. patens, Sw., 251. pauciflorum, Des7., 247. pendulifolium, Bonp/., 257. : pendalum, Salzm., 257. pilosum, Sw., 248, pleurocarpum, Z£. Mey., 250. prasinum, Sw., 257. procerum, Sw., 253. purpurascens, Sw., 261. pyramidale, Bonpl., 257. quadrangulare, Sw., 260. quinquenervium, Sa/zm., racemosum, Awd/., 258. ramiflorum, Svw., 246. rigidum, Szw., 260. rubens, Sw., 262. rubrum, dud, 248. scandens, Aud/., 265. sessilifolium, Z., 252. splendens, Sted., 264. splendens, Sw., 256. strigillosum, Sw., 247. Tamonea, Sw., 251. tetrandrum, Sw., 262. thesezans, Bonpl., 262. tomentosum, Bonpl., 252. trinerve, Sw., 257. trinervium, Salzm., 257. trivalve, Aud/., 269. umbrosum, Sw., 247. virgatum, Sw., 261. +M RLASTOMACES, 243. * Melia sempervirens, Sw., 128. WM iLIACEA, 128. Melicocca bijuya, L., 127. paniculata, Juss., 127. 752 Melocactus communis, DC., 800. swe. Melochia erenata, V., 93. depressa, L., 94, uw—-frutescens, Jacg., 93. hirsuta, Cav., 94. hirsuta, Rich., 94. jamaicensis, Bert., 94. inflata, Benth., 94, lupulina, Sw., 94. nodiflora, Sw., 94. odorata, L., 94. serrata, Benth., 93. ——=nyramidata, L., 93. samme tomentosa, L., 98. venosa, Sw., 94. vestita, Benth., 94. Melongena, s., sect. So- lani, 442 ——Melothria pendula, Sw., 289. pervaga, Gr., 289. Meniscium INDEX. Mertensia longipinnata, Kl., 652. pectinata, W., 652. pubescens, Liebm., 652. pubescens, W., 652. Mesechites trifida, J. Miill., 418. ——-t-Messerschmidtia, Kth., sect. Tournefortie, 484. — Metastelma albiflorum, Gr., 417. cubense, Decs., 417. linearifolium, Rich., 418. Paralias, Decs., 417. parviflorum, R. Br., 417. =o Schlechtendalit, Decs., 417. suberosum, Gr., 417. Mettenia globosa, Gr., 43. Meyera © sessilis, Sw,, 369. Miconia angustifolium, W., 687. Kapplerianum, Fée, 687. reticulatum, Sw., 687. serratum, Cav., 687. sorbifolium, Fat., 687. sorbifolium, W., 687. affinis, Macf., 257. angustifolia, Gr., 258.” argentea, DO., 252. argyrophytla, DC., 256. astrolasia, DC., 259. attenuata, DC., 257. —~~MENISPERMES, 9, berbiceana, Naud., 250. Miconia holosericea, DC., 256 holosericea, Stewd., 256. impetiolaris, Don, 256. lacera, Naud., 258. lavigata, DC., 257. Lambertiana, DC., 260. longifolia, DC., 260. longifolia, Maud., 259, 260. macrophylla, Macf., 256. macrophylla, Steud., 257. melanodendron, Nawd., 257. microbotrya, Naud., 262. microcarpa, Macf.; 257: milleflora, Naud., 262. mucronata, Naud., 252. multispicata, Nand., 257. myriantha, Benth., 257. nicotianifolia, DC., 257. obovalis, Naud., 256. osseiformis, Naud., 261. palustris, Macf., 257. patviflora, Macf., 257. pendulifolia, DC., 257. pleurocarpa, Naud., 250. Plukenetii, Naud., 252. prasina, DC., 257. procera, DC., 257. punctata, Dom, 259. —~~—Mentzelia brunnea, DC., 252. pyramidalis, DC., 257. aspera, L., 298. calophylla, Cr., 258. quadrangularis, Naud., ——— Menyanthes ceanothina, DC., 257. 260. indica, Ai#t., 426. ciliata, DC., 258. racemosa, DC., 258. ~~ Menziesia cireumsecta, Macf., 258. Riveeriee, Naud., 262. triflora, Bert., 142. clidemioides, Steud., 280. rubens, Naud., 262. Mcriania collina, DC., 257. rubiginosa, DC., 259. bifrons, Mand., 264, bullifera, Gr., 265. leucantha, Sw., 264, 265. nana, Maud., 265. purpurea, Sw., 264, 265. purpurea, Tuss., 265. rosea, Tuss., 264. rosea, Macf., 265. ——Mertensia, W., sect. Celtis, 149. aculeata, 7., 149. Bancroftii, Kz., 651. bifida, 7., 652. ——dichotoma, W., 652. farinosa, Kaulf., 652. Surcata, W., 651. furcata, Sied., 652. glauca, var., Sw., 651. glaucescens, W., 652. levigata, Xth., 149. cornifolia, Naud., 255. Cruegeriana, Naud., 259, depauperata, Gardn., 257 detergibilis, DC., 256. discolor, Macf., 259. elata, DC., 252. elliptica, Macf., 256. eriopoda, Benth., 250. eriopoda, Miq., 250. ferruginea, DC., 259. Fockeana, Mig., 251. Fothergilla, Maud., 252. fulva, Cr.‘ 259, fulva, DC., 259. Surfuracea, Gr., 257. glandulosa, Maud., 251. havanensis, DC., 257. hexaptera, Naud., 257. rufescens, Macf., 256. semicrenata, Vaud., 255. serrulata, Macf., 258. serrulata, Nauwd., 252. Sieberi, DC., 262. spicata, Maef., 257. splendens, Gr., 256. spondylantha, DC., 251. tomentosa, DC, 252. tetrandra, Naud., 262. tetrastoma, Naud., 262. trichotoma, DC., 257. trinervis, Gr., 257. trinitatis, Naud., 262. tristis, Spring, 257. verticillata, AZacf., 258. verticilliflora, Steud., 252. villosissima, Cr., 258. vulcanica, Naud., 262. INDEX. 753 Miconiastrum —+Mikania -——-Minosa Lambertianum, Naud., Swartziana, Gr., 368. unguis-cati, L., 226. _ 254. trinitaria, DC., 363. villosa, Sw., 221, Micranthella, Naud., -sect. umbellifera, Gardn., 364. viva, L.,.218. Arthrostemmatis, 267. volubilis, Papp., 363, =~ Mimusops lanceolatd, Naud., 268. --Miliaria, Zr. 552. longifolia, Naud., 268. » sect. Panici, Microceecia, J. Hook., 369. ““Milium Microgonium Berteroanum, Pri., 657. Microlepia, Pr/., sect. Daval- lie, 661. antillarum, Mett., 661. Microlicia brevifolia, DC., 269. recurva, DC., 269. — Micromeria Browne, Benth., 489. obovata, Benth., 489. Micropholis, Gr., sect. Sapo- te, 399. Microporus, Sendin., sect. Solani, 438. Micropyxis pumila, Dud., 390. tenella, Wight, 390. Microstachys corniculata, Juss., 49. guianensis, A7/., 49, ™ Microstylis spicata, Lindl., 612. umbellulata, Lindl., 612. . Microtea debilis, Sw., 59, corr. —Mikania alata, DC., 364. atriplicifolia, Sch., 364. Badieri, DC., 363. Berteriana, Spr., 362. deltoidea, P pp., 361. Fockeana, Mzg., 363. —— gonoclada, DC., 364. Guaco, Bonpl., 364. —— Guaco, Dese., 364. hastata, W., 361. Houstonis, W., 363. Imrayana, Gr., 363. latifolia, Sm., "362, orinocensis, Kth., 364, ovalis, Gr., 363. rotunda, Gr., 364, scabra, DC., 363. scandens, Spruce, 364, ——scandens, V., 364. serratifolia, Sted., 364, Sieberiana, DC., 364. suaveolens, Ath., 364. —— surinamensis, Miy., 364. h——compressum, Svw., 541, digitatum, Sw., 544, lanatum, 2. S. 534, tomeepaniceum, Sw., 544. punctatum, Z., 544. +~-Mimosa alba, Sw., 228. arborea, Sw., 227. asperata, L., 219. bahamensis, Benth., 219.— biglobosa, Jacg., 216. caracasana Jacg., 224, ao cyclocarpa, Jacg., 226. dominiciana, Desv., 219. fagifolia, Jacg., 227. Looe Farnesiana, L., 222. filicifolia, Lam., 227. glauca, Z., 220. irritabilis, Prl., 219. Inga, Z., 228. juliflura, Sw., 217. latifolia, Z., 225. laurina, Sw., 227. muricata, Z., 220. nigricans, V., 220. parvifolia, Sw., 222. peregrina, L., 217. piliflora, Sw., 217. plena, Z., 218. poly ydactyla, 219. polystachya, Jaeg., 217. — 4—portoricensis, Jacg., 224, pudica, L., 219. purpurea, L., 224, salinarum, V., 222. Saman, Jacg., 225, seandens, L., 217. sepiaria, Benth., 219. tamarindifolia, Z., 221. tergemina, L., 225. thyrsoidea, Gr., 219, tortuosa, L., 222. trapezifolia, V., 226. —_ Humb, —_ Balata, Cr., 400. Balata, G., 400. bidentata, 4. DC., 400. L—dissecta, R. Br., 400. dissecta, Hook., 400. globosa, G., 400. Hookeri, 4. DC., 400. Kauki, L., 400. Manilkara, Don, 400. t—~ Sieberi, 4. DC, 400. PMina, Liav., sect. Ipomax, 72. | Mirabilis dichotoma, Z., 69. Jalappa, L., 69. casta, L., 218, T Mitracarpum Catechu, Z., 220. hirtum, DC., 349. chiliantha, Mey., 217. 1. villosum, Cham., Schl., Ceratonia, L., 219. 350. comosa, Sw., 225. ——+ Mitreola coruscans, Sied., 227. paniculata, A. DC., 331, ~™ p——petiolata, T. G., 331. petiolata, Benth., 331. Mitrospora, Ns., sect. Rhyn- chosporee, 575. polyphylla, Ns., 575. r Modiola caroliniana, G. Don, 72. +-Mogiphanes Jacquini, Schr., 64. multicaulis, Mart., 64, straminea, Mart., 64. Molina scoparia, Less., 266, Mollinedia laurina, Tul., 9. | Mollugo pbellidifolia, Ser., 56. nudicaulis, Lam., 56. -— verticillata, S., 56. “Momordica muricata, V., 287. +—Balsamina, L., 287. Charantia, L., 287. macropoda, P. £., 286. operculata, Z., 287. Monachanthus viridis, Zindl., 681. Monanthemum Cruegerti, Gr., 354, Monimiga, 9. Monnieria |__Brownei, Pers., 430. —Royoe, 754 INDEX. Monodora ~(-Muntingia Myristica, Dun., 7. wt Calabura, L., 98. Monogramma Murraya graminoides, Desv., 672. ‘Monstera Adansonii, Sch., 509. Imrayana, Seh., 509. pertusa, Gr., 509. Montrichardia aculeata, Cr., 510. arborescens, Sch., 510. Moquilea, dudl., sect. Lica- niz, 230. . Mora excelsa, Benth., 216. Morea plicata, Sw., 589. —~—Morinda citrifolia, L., 347. macrophylla, Desf, 347. muscosa, Jacq., 347. L., 347. Moringa pterygosperma, G., 16. Morisonia americana, L., 19. Imrayi, Gr., 19. ——Morus Moronobea coccinea, Aubl,, 107, corr. globulifera, SchZ., 107. tinctoria, Z., 153. Xanthoxylon, Jacq., 123. Moschoxylum odoratum, Juss., 130. Swartzir, Juss., 130. -———Mougeotia, Kth., sect. Melo- chie, 94. inflata, A¢h., 94. nodiflora, Kth., 94. Mouriria domingensis, Wp., 243. myrtilloides, Poiv., 243. guianensis, Aubl., 243. Mousseenda formosa, Jacg., 318. spinosa, Jacg., 318. Moutouchia suberosa, Aubd., 201. Mueuna altissima, DC., 198. comosa, DC., 198. pruriens, DC., 198. urens, DC., 198, Muellera moniliformis, L.,200. sponse w—~segregata, Jacg., 406. . exotica, L., 132. Murucuja, 7., sect. Passiflo- ree, 294. ocellata, Pers., 296. Musa paradisiaca, L., 599. sapientum, L., 599. Musacza, 599. Myanthus cernuus, Lindl., 631. Myginda latifolia, Sw., 146. pallens, Sm., 146. Rhacoma, Sw., 146. uragoga, Rich., 146. uragoga, Tuss., 146. Myoprorinea, 502. Myrcia acris, DC., 241. Balbisiana, DC., 240, Berberis, DC., 235. coriacea, DC., 234. cotinifolia, Potr., 234. deflexa, DC., 235. .divaricata, DC., 234. Serruyinea, DC., 235. Humboldtiana, DC., 235. Kegeliana, By., 235. multifiora, DC., 234. pimentoides, DC., 241. punctata, DC., 240. sororia, DC., 234. splendens, DC., 234. Myrciaria, By., sect. Huge- nie, 239. floribunda, By., 239. protracta, By., 239. ramiflora, Bg., 239. Myriadenus, Desv., syn. Zor- nie, 185. NM yrica microcarpa, Benth., 177. xalapeusis, Pepp., 177. Myristica fata, Sw., 8. Sragrans, Houtt, 8. moschata, Thund., 8. surinamensis, Rob., 8. — Mynisticra, 8. Myrodia ° turbinata, Sw., 88. Myrosma, Z., sect. Calathese, 3 604 — Myrospermum emarginatum, K/., 204. frutescens, Jacg., 204. Myrsine ardisioides, K¢h., 395. Berterii, DC’, 392. coriacea, R. Br., 892. coriacea, Steb., 892. eubana, DC., 393. ~ flocculosa, Mart., 392. floribunda, R. Br., 393. floridana, DC., 392. leta, A. DC., 393, myricoides, Schi., 392. ——-Rapanea, A. S., 395. Rapanea, Sied., add. rufescens, 4. DC., 392. salicifolia, DC., 392. trinitatis, DC., 392. Myrsinga, 392. Myrtacea, 282, r Myrtus acris, Sw., 241. seruginea, Fors., 237. alpina, Sw., 236. axillaris, Poir., 236. ter buxifolia, Sw., 236. calophylla, Kth., 241, po—Chytraculia, Z., 232. —~—crenulata, Sw., 236. cordata, Sw., 237. coriacea, Sw., 284, diceca, Sied., 237. disticha, Sw., 237. fragrans, Sw., 240. Gregii, Sw., 228. ligustrina, Sw., 239. t= mouticola, Sw., 236. pallens, V., 237. Pimenta, Z., 240. polyanthos, Ath., 235." procera, Sw., 238. sessiliflora, Spr., 237. splendens, Sw., 234. Syzygium, L., 233. virgultosa, Sw., 237. —v+ Myxa, Endi., sect. Cordie, 478. Nacibea coccinea, Aud/., 329. » Najas | major, All., 607. PNasapea, 506. Nama Jamaicensis, L., 477. Nanodes cannefolium, L., 604. discolor, Lindl., 624. ~—~ Nasturtium —= officinale, 2. Br., 18. Naudinia INDEX. TNephrolepis exaltata, Hook., 688, -——~exaltata, Schét., 688. 755 | Norantea guianensis, Aub]., 110. paraensis, Mart., 110. argyrophylla, Rich., 254. neglecta, Kz., 688. Nordmannia chrysophylla, Rich., 254. pectinata, Schtz., 688. tinifolia, F. ., 278. —_ Nectandra tuberosa, Hook., 688. Noterophila ——™ conciuna, 281. valida, Kz., 688. brevifolia, Naud., 269. coriacea, Gr., 281, Nepsera —+Notholena discolor, Ns., 282. aquatica, Naud., 268. ferruginea, Hat., 668. exaltata, Gr., 281. —t-Neptunia rufa, Pri., 668, leucantha, Ns., 282. oleracea, Lour., 217. rufescens, Hook., 668. membranacea, Gr., 282. plena, Benth., 218. trichomanoides, R. Br., mollis, Ns., 282. pubescens, Benth., 218. 688. pallida, Mig., 282. surinamensis, Steud., Nothopleura, Benth., sect. patens, Gr., 281. 218. Psychotrie, 340. pisi, Mig., 282. Neriandra —tNothoscordu, 7¢h., sect. Rodiai, Schomd., 282. suberecta, 4, DC., 413. Allii,-581. rigida, Ns., 282. ——~ sanguinea, Rotth., 281. staminea, Gr., 282. villosa, Ns., 282. Neea Jjamaicensis, Gr., 71. Negretia ureus, Tuss., 198. ~— Nelumbium ~~ Jamaicense, DC., 12. ———luteum, W., 12. ——~ NELUMBONES, 12. Nematopus, Sewd., Xyridis, 525. Nemochloa millegrana, Ns., 575. ——. corniculata, L., 183. Srutescens, L., 133. hedysaroides, Zucc., 188.- jamaicensis, Macf., 133. Martiana, Zuce., 183. microphylla, Poi., 133. Plumieri, Jacg., 183. Plumieri, Sed., 133. sepium, St. Hil. 138. stricta, Sw., 133. villosa, M7rs., 1338. Oxandra laurifolia, Rich., 7. virgata, Rich., 7. —~Oxyceros, DC., sect. Ran-.uaffine, Ns., 545. diee, 218. e==Pacurero, Gr., sect. Pisoni, Oxymeris, DC., sect. Clide- : mie, 249. Oxypetalum riparium, Kth., 419. Pachira aquatica, Aubl., 87. grandiflora, Zuss., 87. INDEX. Pachira insignis, Sw., 88. Pachyanthus, Rich., Miconis, 255, Pachyrrhizus angulatus, Rich., 195. 4 articulatus, Wp., 195. Pachystachys ; asperula, Ns., 454, coccinea, Ns., 454. latior, Ns., 454. Pachystigma pteleoides, Hook., 186. syn. 71. Peegalobium, Gr, sect. Te- phrosie, 182. | Peepalanthus Sasciculatus, Kth., 526. Palicourea alpina, DC., 845. aurantiaca, Miy., 345, coccinea, DC., 345. crocea, DC., 845. crocea, Schl., 345. croceoides, Ham., 345. guianensis, Aubl., 346. mexicana, Benth., 345. Pavetta, DC., 346. 4 pulchra, Gr., 845. riparia, Benth., 345. umbellata, DC., 345. mParmam, 513. Panax attenuatum, Sw., 306. Morototoni, Aubl., 307. mPancratium amoenum, Salisd., 583. caribeum, L., 588. carolinianum, L., 588. diclinatum, Jacg., 583. patens, Lindl., 588. patens, Red., 583. rotatum, Ker, 583. PanDane&, 513. Panicum acuminatum, S7.,553. adspersum, 7y., 546. agglutinans, K¢h., 551. alsinoides, Gr., 550. altissimum, Mey., 549. amplexicaule, Rudg., 553. arborescens, Sied., 551. arbusculum, Szed., 553. aristatum, Maef., 546. arundinaceum, Sw., 552, i oa 757 ——— Panicum bambusoides, Ham., 551. barbinode, 7%., 547. pee brevifolium, L., 552, I—brizoides, Sw., 545. beeceespitosum, Sw., 546, carthaginense, Sw., 546. caudatum, Lam., 555. cayennense, Lam., 549. cayennense, var., 7r., 549. Chauvinii, Steud., 551. teecrolonum, T., 545, compactum, Sw., 552. p—Crus-galli, L., 546. ctenodes, 7r., 549. cyanescens, Sw., 552. pe-dactylon, L., 540. rDaltoni, Parl., 545. decumbens, #. S., 542. diandrum, Kth., 548. Tro dichotomum, L., 558. diffusum, Sw., 548. dispermum, Lam., 553. distichum, Lam., 548. nm ivaricatum, I., 551. divaricatum, Kth., 552. divaricatum, Pri., 551. “echinatum, W., 546. elatius, Xth., 550. elephantipes, Ns., 549. eriogonum, Schrad., 544. fasciculatum, Gr., 549. fasciculatum, Sw., 547. filiforme, Z., 544. fistulosum, Hochst., 549. Jlavescens, Sw., 547. lefluitans, Mey , 541. Srondescens, Mey., 548. bemsfuscum, Sw., 546. fuscum, Sied., 552. tee Pibbum, Hl. 554. glaucescens, Ns., 544. + glaucum, Z., 554. glutinosum, Sw., 552. glutinosum, Lam., 551. glutinosum, Szed., 552. grossarium, L., 546. guadelupense, Steud., 547, Hamiltoni, A7tz., 544, lewtlians, Spruce, 548, hirsutum, Sw., 549, hirsatum, V., 548. ~ hirtellum, Z., 545. horizontale, Mey., 544, hydrophilum, 7%., 548. achnodes, Gr., 551. 553. imberbe, Pozr., 554. ~~ Duchassaingii, Stewd., 557.—~ —— Panicum =——-insularum, Steud., 546. w———italicum, L., 554. 158 jumentorum, Pers., 549. lagotis, Tr., 550. lanatum, Sw., 551. latifolium, var., Z., 551. latifolium, var., 7r., 551. laxum, Sw., 548. leiocarpum, Ns., 551. ———leucopheeum, Kth., 557.— loliaceum, Lam., 545. macrostachyum, Ns., 555. Martianum, Ws., 550. martinicense, Sw., 552. maximum, Jacq., 549. megacarpum, Steud., 551. Meyerianum, Ns., 547. molle, Sw., 547. multiculmum, dzd., 546. Myurus, Lam., 558. 9 <7 nemorale, Schy., 550. w= nemorosum, Sw., 550. onurus, 7, 555. oryzoides, Sw., 547. pallens, Sw., 550. palmifolium, Poir., 547. paludicola, Steud., 547. paracteenioides, 77, 547. om ~———paspaloides, Pers., 545. penicillatum, ., 554. ~~—Petiveri, Kotsch., 545. pilosum, Sw., 548. plicatum, Lam., 547. plicatum, var., Hth., 547. polygonatum, Sied., 548. potamium, Tr., 548. ~~. procumbens, Ns., 546. —~ —— prostratum, Lam., 546, —~——pseudocolonum, XK¢h., . 545. punctulatum, Arn., 547. ramuliflorum, Hochst., 548. reticulatum, Gr., 547. rigens, Sw., 558. Rudgei, BR. S., 549. ——— sabulicolum, Ns., 546. saccharoides, Ath., 557.~— sarmentosum, Rozd., 547. INDEX. Panicum stoloniferum, Poir., 549. stoloniferum, var., 7+. 548. Lgtriatum, Lam., 554. bammwilcatum, Aubl., 547. tenuiculme, Ns., 548. tenuiculmum, Mey., 548. thrasyoides, 77., 540. trichanthum, Ns., 552. trichocondylum, Steud., 549. rtrichoides, Sw., 552. _{ttuncatum, Zr, 545. j—umbrosum, Retz., 546. velutinum, Mey., 545. vilfoides, Zr., 553. |_—viride, Z., 554. zizanioides, Kth., 547. f——~zonale, Guss., 545. 7 PAPAVERACES, 12. l~PAPAYACEA, 289. Paphinia cristata, Lindl., 627. “1 Pappophorum re alopecuroides, V., 587. P—~laguroideum, Sckr., 537. |__macrostachyum, Sch., Pariana sylvestris, Ns., 527. rParietaria microphylla, Z., 155. Sonneratia, Poir., 160. Parinari campestre, Aubl., 230. Paritium abutiloides, G. Don, 87. elatum, G. Don, 86. tiliaceum, 4. Juss., 86. Parkeria Lockhartii, 2. G., 672. pteridoides, H. Gt, 672. Parkia biglobosa, Benth., 216. scoparium, Rudg., 549. = PParkinsonia setarium, Lam., 545. a—aculeata, L., 204, ——— setosum, Sw., 555. ~~Partheniim setosum, var., Ns. 555. ~~ Hysterophorus, L., 369. Sloanei, Gr., 551. Paspalum sorghoideum, Ham., 551, spectabile, Ns., 546. =<. stenodes, Gr., 547. aureum, Spruc., 543. Pp cespitosum, ¥I., 542. canescens, Ns., 543. —? Paspalum chrysodactylon, Zy., 543. chrysostachyon, Schr., 543 +—--Ciliatifolium, Mich., 542. ——~ciliatum, Mich., 541. +—coleopodum, Steud., 542. [~—-compressum, Ws., 541. p—sonjugatum, Bg., 541. —-dasyphyllum, £7/., 542. decumbens, Sw., 542. densum, Poir., 543. Digitaria, Porr., 541. digitatum, Kth., 544. L——dissectum, Sw., 542. vo distichum, L., 541. K—distichum, Sw., 541. r—extenuatum, Ws., 541. Siiforme, Sw., 541. P——~filiforme, FV., 544. Jimbriatum, Kth., 542. glabrum, Poir., 542. |. guadelupense, Steud., 541. ischnocaulon, 7r., 542. lanatum, K7th., 534. litorale, R. Br., 541. ~——longifolium, Steud., 542. f——tongissimum, Hochst, 587. 541, Papyrus, 7h., sect. Cyperi,~-——macropodon, Steud., 541. 566, +—Michauxianum, Schultesia heterophylla, Miq., 423. stenophylla, Mart., 428. brachycarpa, Benth., 220. - violacea, Gr., 445. Schwenkfelda Schleidenia, Zndi., sect. hirta, Sw., 322. Heliotropii, 486. Sciadophyllum filiformis, Fres., 486. Brownei, Spr., 306. inundata, Fres., 486, capitatum, Gr., 306. parviflora, DC,, 456. Jacquini, Gr., 306. Schmidelia —7TScirpus Cominia, Sw., 126. glabrata, Kth., 126. macrocarpa, Rich., 177. vosa, Rich., 127. Miidentalis, Sw., 126. Schnella excisa, Gr., 214. splendens, Beuth., 214. Scheenobiblus daphnoides, Mart. Z., 278. ~ Scheenus barbatus, 7., 574. capillaris, Sw., 568. cephalotes, Rottd., 573. ciliatus, Mey., 577. Cladiam, Sw., 573. cyperoides, Sw., 574. gracilis, Sw., 574. longirostris, Sred., 575. amentaceus, Gr., 571. annuus, All., 572. eee annuus, Gr. 572. jLaautumnalis, L., 571. 4—brizoides, 8m., 572. 4—capillaris, L., 572. jr capitatus, L., 570. caribeeus, Gr., 570. constrictus, Gr., 570. exiguus, Kth., 569. Serrugineus, L., 572. 4+——geniculatus, £., 570, 571. geniculatus, Mey., 571. | geniculatus, Sw., 570. interstinctus, V., 571. juncoides, V., 572. - lithospermus, Z., 578. maculosus, V., 570. mitratus, Gr., 570. r ~~ polycephalus, Pers., 574. cp hae | 769 Scirpus mutatus, L., 571. -—zodulosus, Rth., 570. obtusifolius, V., 571. ocreatus, Gr., 569. plantagineus, L., 571. retrofiexus, Poir., 569. spadiceus, L., 572. jmsubsquarrosus, Muhl., 572. j-—tenuifolius, Rudg., 572. ae validus, V., 571. 2 —-Sciramines, 600. arborescens, R.8., 310. —Scleria arundinacea, K7¢h., 578. bracteata, Cass., 579. capitata, V., 579. communis, £7/., 578. cyanocarpa, K¢h., 578. distans, Poir., 579. + filiformis, Sw., 579. flagellum, Brag., 578, hirtella, Sw., 579. latifolia, Sw., 578. melaleuca, Rehb., 578. microcarpa, Ns., 578. mitis, Sw., 578. pratensis, Lindl., 577. —purpurea, Poir., 579. reflexa, Kth., 578. scindens, Ns., 578. sylvestris, Kth., 578. —-Scleropus amarantoides, Schr., 68. , Scolosanthus versicolor, V., 335. + Scoparia — dulcis, L., 427. [~ procumbens, Jacg., 427. -SCROPHULARINER, 426. Scutellaria ——nurpurascens, Sw., 492. eScutia H— ferrea, Brongn., 100. sarcomphala, Brongn., 100. Sebestena, Dz/Z., sect. Cordie, 478. Sechium edule, Sw., 286. Securidula Browne, Gr., 30. erecta, L., 29. Lamarckit, Gr., 30. scandens, Lam., 30. scandens, Zuss., 30. virgata, Sw., 30. virgata, Macf., 30. 770 INDEX. Securidula —— |Sesbania Sida virgata, Sied., 30. egyptiaca, Pers., 184, condifalka, L., 76. volubilis, Z., 30. . ~~ Selaginella albonitens, Sprng., 646. ciliauricula, Sprng., 646. confusa, Sprng., 645. cordifolia, Sprng., 645. cuspidata, Lk., 645. denudata, Sprng. ., 645, didymostachya, Sprag., 643. flabellata, Sprng., 646. flexuosa, Sprng., 645. integerrima, Sprag., 645. —~Martensit, Sprng., 645. munioides, Sprag., 646. ornithopodioides, Sprzg., 645. patula, Sprng., 645. rotundifolia, Sprag., 645. sarmentosa, A. Br., 645. serpens, Sprng., 645. stolonifera, Sprng., 646. substipitata, Sprng., 645. sulcangula, Sprag., 646. ~--~ Senebiera ~emepinnatifida, DC., 14. ——Senecio discolor, DC., 382. Fadyenii, Gr., 382. hieracifolius, Z., 881. — hieracifolius, Mey., 381. « jamnaicensis, DC., 382. —~ laciniatus, DC., "389, lucidus, DC., 382, Swartzii, DC., 382. Senna, 7, sect, Cassie, 9. — Serjania angustifolia, W., 128. divaricata, Sw., 128. equestris, Macf., 123. lucida, Schum., 128, corr. Ossana, DC., 128. paucidentata, DC., 123. paniculata, Kth., 123. sinuata, Schum., 123. Serophytum, Benth., 44. Serturnera, Mart., sect. Ire- sines, 64, glauca, Mart., 65. iresinoides, Mart., 65. Sesamum indicum, Z., 458. orientale, L., 458. ~—Sesbania . aculeata, Pers., 184. f | exasperata, Kth., 184, muricata, Macf., 184. occidentalis, Pers., 184. occidentalis, Gr., 184. picta, Lindi., 184. picta, Pers., 184. punctata, DC., 184, sericea, DC., 184. —Sesuvium P— portulacastrum, L., 57. Setaria j-eantillarum, Rih., 555. biconvera, Gr., B55, caudata, 2. 8. 555. composita, Kth., 555. r— glauca, P. B., 554, imberbis, R. S., 554. intermedia, R. S., 554. q—italica, P. B., 554. beewtnacrostachya, Kth., 555. p——magua, Gr., 554, onurus, Gr., 555. “serio, P. B., 555, tee Sulcata, Bert., 547. Ventenatii, Kth., 554. viridis, P. B., 554. vulpiacta, R. S., 555. Seutera maritima, Rehb., 418. Sicklera, Sexdtn., syn. Withe- ringize, 435. Sicyos edulis, Jacg., 286. Sida abutiloides, Jacg., 79. abutiloides, Macf., 78. acuta, Burm., 73. jeemaffinis, Schm., 74. Lmalba, Cav., 74, |__alba, D., 74. —eltheifolia, Siv., 76. americana, L., 78. angustifolia, Lam., 74. arguta, Sw., 75, asiatica, L., 78. atrosanguinea, Jacg., 76. —“Balbisiana, DC., 73. Bastardia, DC., 80. —Berteriana, Bulb., 78. bivalvis, £7z., 80. |_—brachypetala, DC., 73. capillaris, Cav., 76. r= carpinifolia, L., 78. carpinifolia, Bourg., 74. ciliaris, L., 73. conferta, Lh., 76. 4 4 + _ crassifolia, LD’ Her., 79. L__crispa, Z., 79. divergens, Benth., 77. dombeyana, DC., 75. dumosa, Sw., 76. elata, Masf. 5 ‘9. emarginata, W., 75. erecta, Macf., 74. excelsior, Cav., 77. fiiformis, Jacq., 50. floribunda, K7ti., 76. feetida, Cav., 80. deeeglabra, Nutt., 73. glomerata, Cav., 73. glutinosa, Rich., 75. hamulosa, Salzm., 76. teehierbacea, Cav., 76. hernandioides, LZ’ Hé., 77. heterosperma, Hochst., hirta, Lam., 78. hondensis, Kth., 75. jamaicensis, L., 74. imberbis, DC., 80. indica, Z., 78. involucrata, Rich., 74. bedanccolata, Rich., 75. lignosa, Cav., 79. linifolia, Juss., 76. Luciana, DC., 77- maderensis, Lowe, 74. -~micans, Cav., 76. minor, Maef., 74. mollis, Hb. Bhs., 76. |__-multiflora, Cav., 76. nervosa, DC., 75. nudiflora, LD’ Hé&., 77. obtusa, Rich., 73. occidentalis, Z., 79. ovata, Cav., 75. paniculata, I.., 76. |—-peduncularis, DC., 78. pellita, tz., 76. periplocifolia, Z., 77. periplocifolia, Macf., 77. permollis, ¥., 78. philippica, DC., 75. pilosa, Cav., 75. populifolia, Zam., 78. procumbens, Sw., 75. pubescens, Cav., 78. pyramidata, Cav., 75. retrofracta, DC., 80. +—rctusa, Cav., 74. retusa, Arz., 75. * - Sida —~rhombifolia, Li, 14, rhombifolia, Rorh., “TA. rotundifolia, Cav., 7 6. ruderata, Macf., 75. spicata, Cav., 79. ——spinosa, L., 74. stellata, Can, Vs —stipulata, Cav., 73. supina, L’Hér., 75. tricuspidata, Cav., 79. — trivialis, Macf., 73. truncata, Cav., 76. truncata, L’ Hér., 75. INDEX. Simaruba officinalis, DC., 139, officinalis, Macf., 139. —rSmaruBes, 139, Sinapis. brassicata, L., 14, integrifolia, W., 14.. juucea, W., 14. lanceolata, DC., 14. nigra, Dese., 14. Sipanea dichotoma, Xth., 329. pratensis, Aubl., 329. trichantha, Benth., 329. ulmifolia, Cav. %5, ~-Siparuna, 4udJ., syn. Citros- corr. matis, 9. umbellata, Z., 78. guianensis, 42/., 9. urens, L., 75. Siphocampylus velutina, B. Mey., 76. Berterianus, G. Don, verticillata, Oav., 75. 385. vesicaria, Cav., 79. —TSiphonanthus viscosa, Z., 80. viscosa, Macf., 80. vitifolia, Cav., 79. indicus, Z., 500. Siphonia elastica, Pers., 37. Siderodendron —+Siphonoglossa triflorum, V., 338. sessilis, Oerst., 456. Sideroxyloides -}Sisymbrium ferrea, Jacg., 338. ——vfficinale, Scop., 13. ~Sideroxylon — Sisyrinchium -—cuneatum, A. DC., 401. floribundum, Gr., 399. fetidissimum, Jacq., 400. mastichodendron, Jacq. 399. nigrum, Gr., 400. pallidum, Spr., 399. pentagonum, A. DC, 405. pomiforme, A. DC., 299. rugosum, &. S., 399. ~Siegesbeckia —“flosculosa, Sieb., 369. "Silene —yallica, L., 55. —-~quinquevulnera, Z., 55. Siliquaria, DC., sect. Cleomes, 15. * Silphium —> trilobatum, Z., 371. Simaba guianensis, P/., 139. orinocensis, Kth,, 139. Simaruba .amara, Aubl., 139. excelsa, DC., 140. . glauca, Kth., 139. medicinalis, Endl., 139. ~— —+Smilax latifolium, Ait., 589. ‘| Skiophila melittifolia, Hanst., 462. pulchella, Hanst., 463. Slevogtia occidentalis, corr. Sloanea. Aubletii, Sw., 99. .jamaicensis, Hook., 98. Massoni, Sw., 99. sinemariensis, Aubl., 98, 99. synandra, Spruce, 98. SmILacEs, 585. Gr., 423, acuminata, W., 585. Balbisiana, Kth., 586. celastroides, Kth., 586. China, Zuz., 586. cuspidata, Gr., 586. cuspidata, Poir., 586. dentata, Kth., 586. domingensis, Schl., 586. globifera, Mey., 586. havanensis, Jacq., 586. Hostmanniana, <¢h., 585. ilicifolia, H7h., 586. _— ‘1711 Smilax macrophylla, W., 586. . oblongata, Sw., 586. officinalis, A7h., 585. papyrucea, Poir., 585. pseudochina, var., L., 586. Schiedeana, A7¢., 586. Schlechtendalii, Xth., 586. subaculeata, Spr., 586. surinamensis, Miq., 585. viscifolia, Poir., 586. Solandra grandiflora, Poir., 433. levis, Hook., 433. longiflora, Tuss., 433. macrantha, Dux., 433. minor, Gr., 438. nitida, Zuce., 433, PSoLaNgEs, 431. + Solanum acropterum, Gr., 437. | weuleatissimurn, Jacq., 442. Aquartia, Dun., 443, asperum, V., 438. -asperuin, Sied., 438. r—=Lahamense, L., 440. brevipilum, Duz., 441. callicarpifolium, Kth., 438. calvefactum, Dun., 440. campechiense, L., 442. —-ciliatum, Lam., 442, # chenopodioides, Desc., 437. coccineum, Jacg., 441. .coriaceum, Hook., 439. crotonoides, Lam., 443. crotonoides, Sied., 440. ° cuneifolium, Duz., 441. demerarense, Dun., 441. erythrocarpum, Mey., esculentum, Dun., 442. f-—ferrugineum, Jacg., 441. flavescens, Duz., 442. levigatum, Kth., 437. lanceifolium, Jacq., 440. lentum, Cav., 439. longepedunculatum, Bert., 439, Lycopersicum, Jacgq., 436. mammosum, L., 442, melanocarpum, Dun., » 442, 31 7712 = Solanum Melongena, L., 442. micracanthos, Lam., 440. micranthum, W., 437. : ~=——- myriacanthum, Dum., 442. | neglectum, Dun., 489. , ——axnigrum, L., 437. nodiflorum, Jacq., 437. nudum, K¢th., 437. obscurum, Sied., 440. obscurum, V., 441. -oleraceum, Dun., 487. —- pectinatum, Duz., 441. Plumieri, Dun., 442. polygamum, V., 442. Preslei, Dun., 440. punctulatum, Dan., 437. racemosum, L., 439. Radula, V., 488. —~reflexum, Schrk., 442. retrofraatum, V., 439. Richardi, Sied., 442. Rodschiedii, Mey , 441. rubrum, Mil/., 437. scabrum, V., 440. Seaforthianum, Andr., 437. stamineum, Steud., 440. stellatum, Jacg., 439. stramonifolium, Jacq, 441. _ tomentosum, L., 441. tomentosum, H7., 441. —lorvum, Sw., 441. ‘toxicarium, Rich., 441, triste, Jacq., 437. vaccinifolium, Dun., 439. | — venustum, A¢h., 437. ——verbascifolium, L., 438. volubile, Svw.,'440, Solena latifolia, Rudg., 318. Sommera grandis, Gr., 326. —Sonchus’ agrestis, Sz., 381. — asper, Vill., 385. — oleraceus, L., 384, Sophoclesia apophysata, Gr., 1438. Sophora havanensis, Jacq., 203. monosperma, Sw., 208. occidentalis, Z., 203. tomentosa, L., 203. ~Sorghum iyanteum, Tdg., 560. ora, Gr., 560.. 4 bs — ‘TLSorghum “ : | Spergulastrum r~ lanuginosum, Mreh., 55. | Spermacoce -— glabra, Mich., 349. “longifolia, Benth., 849. j—=stricta, D., 849. i—tenuior, Lam., 349. INDEX, halepense, Pers., 560. : saccharatum, Pers., 560. ™ saccharatum, Host., 560. vulgare, Pers., 560.: | Spachea : elegans, Juss., 116. Ossana, var., Juss., 116. -) % perforata, Juss.;:116. aquatiea, Mart., 268. asphalti, Gr., 268. hydrophila, Mig. » 268.: Kappleriana, Naud., 268. laxa, Cr., 268. martinicensis, Naud., 268., pellucida, DC., 268. tetraptera, Mig., 268. viscida, Mzg., 268. havanensis, Tacg. ny 849, hirta, Jacg., 851. hirta, Sw., 849. levis, Lam., 349. rigida, K7z., 848. spinosa, Lef., 849, spinosa, Sw., 350, strigosa, L., 348. tenuior, L., 349. tenuior, Sw., 849. verticillata, Sw., 350. villosa, Sw., 351. Spermodon — | Spermodon setaceus, P. B., 576. =Spheralcea.:. abutiloides, Endl., 72. . | Sphenoclea ‘ Pongatinm, 4. DC, 389. Sphinctolobium glaucescens, Miz., 200:: Sphyrospermum ..., buxifolium, Pepp., 143, Spananthe majus, Gr., 148, i pahiculata, Jacq.; 807. —Spigelia . Sparganophorus sp Anthelmia, L,, 331. Vaillantii,.G., 352. “Spilanthes .. . Spathelia atriplicifolia, Z., 377. , simplex, L., 140. debilis, Kzh., 376. glabtescens, Pi, 140. exasperata, Jacq., 376., Spathiphyllum : oleracea, Jacq., 376. cannifalium, Schtt., 539. Salzmanni, DC., 376. Spathodea tenella, Kth., 376, corymbosa, Vent., 449. | uliginosa, Sw., 376. Specklinia “~ | urens, Jacq., 376. emarginata, Zind/., 608. | Spilanthodia, Gr., sect. Iso- floribunda, Lind/., 607. carphe, 377.. lanceola, Lindl., 609. —vSpiranthes ; sertularioides, Lindl., apiculata, Lindl., 640. 609. bicolor, Lindl., 641, i Spennera elata, Rich., 641. Gardneri, Lind/., 640... Hostmanni;.G. Rehb., 640. picta, Lindl., 641.. Sconularia, G. Rehb., 641. P——simplex, Gr., 641. P~ tortilis, Rich., 640. Spirocarpea, DC., sect. He- licteris, 89. Spodiopogon .. arcuatus, Vs., 560. latifolius, Zr., 560. ‘| Spondias cironella, Tuss., 175. cytherea, Tuss., 175. graveolens, Mach, 175 lutea, ¥.., 175, : Intea, Maef., 175. Monbin, Jacg., 175. Myrobalanus, Jacg., na purpurea, L., 175. |-Spondylantha anbolie, Pri., 102. Sponia Lamarchkiana, Necs., 150. micrantha, Decs., 150. mollis, Decs., 150, corr. Sporobolus a domingensis, Kth.; 588. filiformis, Ws., 576. L— elongatus, 2. Br., ‘583, == Sporobolus Jacquemontii, Kth., 533. indicus, R. Br., 533. Uitoralis, Kth., 538. —~—purgans, Kth., 533. purpurascens, YHam., 583 ~——-tenacissimus, P. B., 533.’ ———~wirginicus, Kth., 583. ““Stachys , arvensis, L., 491. patens, Sw., 459. —~Stachytarpha cayennensis, W., 494, ——~yamaicensis, V., 494. . s—— indica, V., 494, mutabilis, V., 494. prismatica, V., 493. . strigosa, V., 494, Stanhopea grandiflora, Zindl., 681. Staphidiastrum, Naud. sect. ~ Clidemize, 248. attenuatum, Vaud., 248, Berterii, Naud., 247. Bouplandii, Naud., 248. fasciculare, Naud., 246. latifolium, Naud., 247. pilosum, Naud., 248. rubrinerve, Naud., 248. rubrum, Naud., 248. umbrosum, Naud., 247. Staphidium, Maud., sect. Cli- demize, 247, elegans, Naud., 247. lanatum, Nawd., 250. latifolium, Gr., 247. paucitiorum, Nawd., 247. spicatum, Vaud., 247. umbrosum, Gr., 247. Wilsonii, Naud., 247. ——Staphylea corymbosa, Sw., 128. occidentalis, Sw., 128. ~a~~ STAPHYLEACEH, 128, Starkea umbellata, W., 383. “~~ Statice bahamensis, Gr., 389. bellidifolia, Goaun, 389. caspia, W., 389. Stelis . foliosa, Hook., 628. micrantha, Sw., 611. ophioglossoides, Sw., 611. ophioglossoides, Sieh, 611. scabrida, Lindd., éll. ——Stellaria ~—— elongata, Nutt., 55. — y—~ lanuginosa, 7 G., 611. 7 Stenotaphrium —— americanum, INDEX. -Stellaria L——media, Vill., 55. -Stemmodon, Gr., sect. Wede- » lie, 371. HStemodia arenaria, Kth., 429, pe durantifolia, Sw., 429, = maritima, Z., 429. parviflora, Ait., 429. Stemonacanthus coccineus, Gr., 452. fulgidus, Gr., 452. Humboldtianus, Ns., 452. macrophyllus, Ns., 452. Stenactis, Cass., sect. Erige™] rontis, 865. Stenia pallida, Lindl., 629. Steninda, Gr., sect. Side, 76. Stenocalyxz ligustrinus, By., 239. Michelii, By., 239. Pseudopsidium, By., 242. Stenochlena Japurensis, Gr., 674, longifolia, J. Sm., 674. sorbifolia, J. Sm., 674. Stenolobium . ceruleum, Benth., 195. Stenoloma, Fée, sect. Daval- ‘Tie, 661. Stenoptera ananassocomos, G. Rehb.~— 640. Stenorrhyuchus aphyllus, Lind/., 642. lanceolatus, Rich., 642. orchioides, Rich., 642. . orchioides, Lindl., 642. speciosus, Rich., 642. Stenostomum acutatum, DC., 334. bifurcatum, DC., 333. coriaceum, Gr., 334, lucidum, Gr., 334. myrtifolium, Gr., 334. nitidum, DC., 883. resinosum, Gr., 334. viscosum, Gr., 384. Schrk., 544, Stephania |. elliptica, DC., 20. Stephanium, GP. sect. Pali- ‘ ame 178 Stephanotrichum, Nawd.,sect. Clidemiz, 246. Sterculia acuminata, P. B., 90. cartbea, R. Br., 90. carthaginensis, Cav., 89. Ivira, Sw., 90. PSTERCULIACEA, 89. Steriphoma elliptica, Spr., 20, corr. Sterrhanthemum, Gr., sect. Salmes, 375. Stevensia, Poit., sect. Ron- deletix, 328. buxifolia, Pott., 328. eStigmaphylion adenodon, Juss., 118. ciliatum, Juss., 118. convolvulifolium, Juss., diversifolium, Juss., 119. emarginatum, Juss., 118. Sulgens, Juss., 118. periplocifolium, JTuss., 119. puberum, Juss., 118. reticulatum, Juss., 119. Sagreanum, Juss., 119. Stilaginella Heematoxylon, Pi., 32. -Stillingia laurifolia, Riek, 49. Strempelia, Benth., sect. Psy- chotrie, 344, Strepsis, Nutt., sect. Tilland- sie, 598. | Streptogyne crinita, P. B., 528. Strophocaulos, Don, Convolvuli, 473. Strumptia maritima, Jacq., 336. Struthanthus, Nutt., Loranthi, 311. Strychnodaphue . floribunda, Gr., 283. Strychnos rondeletioides, Spruc., 407. trinitensis, Gr., 407. Sturmia elliptica, G. Rehd., 612. -Stylosanthes glutinosa, Kzh., 188. humilis, Rich., 188. mucronata, W., 188. procumbens, Sw., 188. viscosa, Sw., 188, sect. sect, couriz, 346, STYRACES, 402, 174 —Styrax glaber, Sw., 408. guianensis, A. DC., 403. occidentalis, Sw., 403. Suriana maritima, L., 58. Suruabea Aubletii, Iey., 110. Swartzia apetala, Radd., 212. caribea, Gr., 212. grandiflora, W., 211. ochuacea, DC., 212. pinnata, W., 212. simplicifolia, #7, 212. ~ Sweetia, DC., sect. Galactic, 194. =~ filiformis, DC., 194, longifolia, DC., 194. Swictenia . Mahagoni, L., 131, corr. Syagrus amara, Mart., 522. Symphonia globulifera, Z., add. Symphysia guadelupensis, K1., 144, -martinicensis, Del., 144. — ~—Symplocos Ciponima, L’ Hér., 403. martinicensis, Jacq., 403. octopetala, Sw., 403. -—SYNANTHEREA, 352. Synechites, Gr., sect. Echitis, 414. ~Synedrella nodiflora, G., 377. —Syngala, Gr., sect. Polygalee yy 28, Syngonium auritum, Schtt., 511. Plumierii, Se#., 511. Syzygium Jambolanum, DC., 235. Tabebuia, Gom., sect. Teco- me, 446. hemantha, DC., 447. rufinervis, DC., 449. triphylla, DC., 446. Taberneemontana alba, Rich., 409. citrifolia, Jacq., 409. citrifolia, Mid2., 409. discolor, Sw., 409. laurifolia, L., 409. psychotriifolia, Kth., 409, —_— — INDEX. Taberneemontana “ undulata, V., 409. Wullschlegelii, Gr. 409. Tachigalea campestris, Awd/., 561. Tacsonia sanguinea, DC., 296. Teeniocarpum articulatum, Desv., 193. — Teenitis angustifolia, R. Br., 671. Surcata, W., 671. lanceolata, R. Br., 671. linearis, Kaulf., 672. Talauma Plumieri, DC., 3. rTalinum crassifolium, 7, 56. fruticosun, Macf., 57. froticosum, V., 56. patens, W., 57. triangulare, W.,'56. Tamarindus indica, \., 218. occidentalis, G., 218. Tamonea verbenacea, Sw., 493. -Taneecium albiflorum, DC., 450. -— crucigerum, Seem., 450. exsertum, Gr., 450. Jaroba, Sw., 450. paniculatum, Sied., 446. parasiticum, Sw., 445. Tapogamea, DC., sect. Ce- pheelidis, 346. tomentosa, Azd/., 346. “Taraxacum Lem officinale, Vill., 384. b> Taxus lancifolia, Wickstr., 504. Tecoma Berterii, DC., 446. capensis, Lindl., 448. Leucorylon, Mart., 447.7 pentaphylla, DC., 447. platyantha, Gr., 447. |——sambucifolia, Kth., 448. serralifolia, Don, 447. spectabilis, Pl., 447, tem stans, Juss., 447. rTelanthera, 2. Br., sect. Al- ternantherse, 67. brasiliana, Mog., 64, crucis, Mog., 67. dentata, Mog., 64. ficoidea, Mog., 67. \ ~ -Telanthera martinicensis, Mog., 67. miulticaulis, Mog., 64. P—~polyganoides, Mog., 67. Teliostachya alopecuroidea, Ns., 453. Tephrodes, DC., sect. Verno- nie, 353. Tephrosia pewdscendens, Macf., 182. brevipes, Benth., 182. caribea, DC., 188. cinerea, Pers., 182. grandiflora, Pers., 182. -— lentostachya, DC., 182. litoralis, Pers., 182. mollis, Kth., 188. procumbens, Macf., 182. fe=Schiedeana, Sch/., 182. +—-toricaria, Pers., 182. pTeramnus labialis, Spr., 198. uncinatus, Sw., 193. volubilis, Sw., 193. qo——volubilis, Macf., 193, 194. TEREBINTHACEA, 173. + Terminalia arbuscula, Sw., 276. Catappa, L., 276. latifolia, Sw., 276. Ternatea, DC., sect. Clitoris, 192. Ternstremia brevipes, DC., 103. clustifolia, Kth., 108. crenata, Macf., 403, corr. dentata, Sted., 104. elliptica, Sw., 103. lineata, DC., 103. meridionalis, Sw., 103. meridionalis, W., 103. obovalis, Rich., 108, corr. peduncularis, DC., 103. salicifolia, DC., 104. . TERNSTREMIACEA, 103. Tetracera asperula, Miz., 2. cuspidata, Mey., 3. Jamaicensis, DC., 2. ovalifolia, DC., 2. Peeppigiana, Schl, 2. volubilis, L., 2. Tetracoccus, Gr., sect. Beu- rerize, 432. Tetradiospyros, 4. DC., sect. Diospyri, 404, Tetramerium .— maritima, Mog., 67. racemulosum, Ns., 456. Tetramicra . montana, Gr., 622. parvifiora, Lindl., 622. rigida, Lindl., 622. Tetranthus Litoralis, Sw., 868. -ruderalis, Gr., 369. ““——~Tetrapteris citrifolia, Sw., 121. discolor, DC., 121. tnequalis, Cav., 121. —_y INDEX. eThrinax argentea, Lodd., 515. barbadensis, Lodd., 515. elegans, H?., 515. excelsa, Lodd., 515. parviflora, Sw., 515. parviflora, Mart., 515. parviflora, Maye , 515. pumilio, Lodd., 515. radiata, Lodd., 518. Thunbergia — ——usneoides, L., 598. 778 | Tillandsia serrata, Z., 599. h——setacea, Sw., 595. setacea, Hook., 595. splendens, Brongn., 597. tenuifolia, Jacg., 596. tenuifolia, Z,, 595. utriculata, L., 596. Timonius, Rumph., 326. limutua, DC., sect. Poly- ‘triuitatis, Juss., 121. Sragrans, Roxb., 458. galee, 27. Tetratome, Pepp., Endl =| THyYMi ea, 278. —-Tinus , syn. Mollinedie, 9. —-Thymus =. occidentalis, Z., 141. Tetrazygia Brownei, Sw., 489, Tobinia angustiflora, Gr., 254, Thyrsacanthus _ acuminata, Desv., 187. angustifolia, DC., 258, cornifolia, Gr., 255. discolor, DC., 255. eleagnoides, DC., 255. . eleagnoides, Hook., 254. . Fadyeni, Hook., 264. hispida, Macf., 251. laxiflora, Naud., 255. semicrenata, Gr., 255. tetrandra, DC., 262. “Teucrium 5 cubense, L., 492. inflatum, Sw., 492, Thalassia . testudinum, Keen., 507, — Thalia geniculata, L., 605. Thalianthus, K/., syn. Myros- matis, 604, Theobroma Cacao, L., 91. Guazuma, Z., 90. Theophrasta longifolia, Jacg., 397. Thespesia populnea, Cav., 87. ~~ Thevetia ——~ neriifolia, Tuss., 407. Thibaudia latifolia, Gr., 143. Thieleodoxa, Cham., syn. Cordier, corr. Thiodia letioides, Gr., 22. serrata, Eindl., 22, corr. —~ Thouinia discolor, Gr., 127. nervosa, Gr., 127. ~ .trifoliata, Poit., 127. tomentosa, DC., 127. Thrasya hirsuta, Ns., 540. ——} TILIACEs, 95. Hookerianus, Ns., 454. nitidus, Ns., 454, Thyrsanthus brasiliensis, Gr., 412. Wilsonit, Gr., 412. Jiaridium, Lehm., sect. He- liotropii, 485. vem indicum, Lehm., 485, wet —7Tillandsia aloifolia, Hook., 596. angustifolia, Sw., 595. axillaris, Gr., 597. Balbisiana, Sch., 595, Berteroana, Sch., 595. | Lulbosa, Hook., 596. canescens, Sw., 595. .comosa, Bert., 596. compressa, Bert., 595, excelsa, Gr., 597. we fasciculata, Sw., 595. fleauosa, Sw., 596. flexuosa, var., Lindl., 596. foliosa, Gr., 597. gigantea, Gr., 597, glutinosa, Mart., 597. I~-havanensis, Jacg., 595, laxa, Gr., 596. lingulata, Z., 599. nitida, Hook., 599. nutans, Sw., 599. paniculata, Z., 595. penduliflora, Gr., 597, pityphylla, Mart., 598. ~—polystachya, Jucq., 595. . pruinosa, Sw., 596. pulchella, Hook., 598. L—recurvata, L., 598. coriacea, Desv., 137. emarginata, Desv., 137. punctata, Gr., 137. spinosa, Desv., 187. ternata, Desv., 186. Tonina fluviatilis, Aubl., 527; . Tonsella Tigarea malpighifolia, Mey., 148. aspera, Dese., 2. Tontelia Tilesia. scandens, 4ubd., 148. capitata, Mey., 372, ~—+-Tournefortia astrotricha, DC., 488. bicolor, Sw., 483. caribea, Gr., 484. corymbosa, Sieb., 488, cymosa, L., 483. - eymosa, Gr., 483. cymosa, Jacy., 483. Jerruginea, Lam., 484, Jiliflora, Gr., 483. Setidissima, W., 483. feetidissima, Desc., 483. foetidissima, Z., 483. gnaphalodes, R. Br., 483. hirsutissima, L., 488. incana, Lam., 455. levigata, Lam., 483. +—laurifolia, Veut., 484. membranacea, DC., 484. microphylla, Bert., 484. microphylla, Dese., 484, minuta, Bert., 485. polyochros, Spr., 485. psilostachya, Kth., 484. psilostachya, var., DC., 484, punctata, Spr., 484. p—Sapreana, 4. DC., 484, sericea, V., 485. staminea, Gr., 484. strigosa, And., 484, 716 —Tournefortia —- surinamensis, 4, DC., syringifolia, Mig., 484. ———syringifulia, V., 484.: tomentosa, Mill , 485. —avolubilis, L., 484. Tovaria pendula, R. P., 17. Tovamita amazonica, Wp., 06. havetioides, Gr., 106, corr. Pilumierit, Gr., 106, corr. , - Tovomitopsis, PZ. Tr, syu. Chrysochlamydis, corr. —Tradescantia cordifolia, Sw., 524. discolor, Sw., 524, divaricata, V., 523. effusa, Mart., 523. elongata, Mey., 524, floribunda, Kzd., 523. —4 geniculata, Jacq., 523. guianen:is, Mig., 524. monandra, Sw., 524, multifiora, Sw., 524, procumbens, W,, 524, umbellata, V., 524... Zanonia, Sw., 523. —Tragia corniculata, V., 49.:° volubilis, L., 48. Tragularia, Gr., sect. Piso- nix, 70. ~Tragus Berteroanus, Sch., 557. occidentalis, Vs., 557. Triacis i microphylla, Gr., 297, cf. ‘corr. “Trianosperma, Mart., older uname for Cionandra, corr. Trianthema: monogynum, L., 58. Tribolacis juncea, Gr., 297. Tribulus cistoides, L,, 134. ——discolor, Macf., 184. — maximus, L., 184, Tricera citrifolia, W., 31. Sasciculata, Gr., 31. laevigata, Sw., 31. * Trichachne _——sacchariflora, V3. 557.° — 4 = saccharoides, Gr., —T'r: INDEX. —+Trichelostylis —+—nucronulata, Torr., B71. Rudgeana, Ws., 57 1. ~Trichilia diversifolia, Juss., 130. glabra, Z., 130. glabra, Macf., 130. hirta, L., 129, corr. hirta, Sw., 129, membranacea, 180. moschata, Sw., 130. - Nacf., odorata, Andr., 180, pallida, Juss., 130. pallida, Sw., 130. pteleifolia, Juss., 130. Sloanei, Macf., 129. ‘ pomesnondioides, Sw., 129. spondioides, Jacg., 129. terminalis, Jacg., 129. triniteusis, Juss., 130. Tricholeena Lamminsularis, Gr. 557. 557. ‘ichomanes accedens, Pri., 653. . alatum, Sw., 654. -—ambiguum, Sied., 656. anceps, Hook., 656. . Ankersii, Park., 655. . apodum, H. G., 657. attenuatum, Hook., 654. Bancroftii, Hook., 655. brachypus, Kz., 655. brasiliense, Desv., 655. ~» brevisetum, R. Br., 656. capillaceum, Z., 656. crinitum, Sw., 654. erispum, L., 654. crispum, Hedw,, 653. -cristatum, Kz., 654. cristatum, Pri, 653. cuneiforme, Schk., elegans, Rudg., 653... }__.europeum, Sm., 656. Sastigiatum, Sieb., 653. hirsutum, B., 659. . holopteram, Kz., 655. Hookeri, Pri., 657. Kaulfussii, H. G., 654. Kraussii, H. G., 656. moschata, var., DC., 130. angustissimum, Pr/.,:656. 656. emarginatum, Pri., 655. 4 floribundum, Hook., 653. floribundum, Humbé., 653. hymenoides, Hedw., 657. cee Trichomanes , leptopliyllam, Bsch., 655. Lindeni, Pri., 656. lucens, Sw., 654. macroelados, Kz., 656. Martensii, Pri., 654. membranaceum, L., 658. muscoides, H. G., 657. museoides, V., 657. pellucens, Kz., 653. pennatum, Kaulf., 653. pilosum, Radd., 653. pinuatifidum, Bseh., 656, pinnatum, Hedw., 653. Plumula, Pr/., 653. Prieurei, Kz., 656. ptilodes, Bsch., 654. punctatum, Poir., 657. pusillum, Sw., 656. —pyxidiferum, Tin, 655. pyxidiferum, Z. G., 655. quercifolium, Hook., 657. P—aradicaus, Sw., 655. reptans, Sw., 657. reptans, H. G., 657. reptans, Kz., 656, 657. rigidum, S., 656. scandens, L., 656. Lescandens, Hedw., 656. sinuosum, Rich., 655. Sloanei, Kz., 656. speciosum, W., 656. sphenoides, Kz., 657. spicatum, Hedw., 652. tenellum, Hedw., 656. trichoideum, Sw., 656. Trichosanthes” corniculata, Zam., 289. pomiformis, Macf., 288. tuberosa, W., 289. Trichosorus, Lvebm., Lophosoriz, 703. Trichostigma rivinoides, Rieh., 59. syn. P Trifolium t_- filiforme, L., 181. L procumbens, Soy., 181. P— repens, L., 181. Trigonidium monophyllum, Gr., 629. obtusum, Lindl., 629. Trilix erucis, Gr., 21. glandulosus, Domb., 22. Trionastram, Gr. sect, Hi- hisci, 84. Triopteris discolor, Bfey., 121. Triopteris havanensis, K¢h., 120. jamaicensis, Z., 120. jamaicensis, Sw., 120. . lucida, Kth., 120. - ovata, Lam., 120. parviflora, Juss., 120. rigida, Sw., 120. Triphasia ; trifoliata, DC., 182. —~—Tripterella — ——™ capitata, Mich., 606. sees Tripsacum | ——~hermaphroditum, L., 356] smonostachyum, W., 557. Trithrinax : TAMIL AEIS) B14. _—Triumfetia altheotdes, Lam., 96. —~angulata, Lam., 96. grandifiora, V.; 96. - Karst., grossularifolia, Rich., 96. ——~havanensis, Kth., 96. ——heterophylla, Lam., 96. hispida, Rich., 96. Lappula, L., 95. ? macrophylla, Vent., 95. —ovata, DC., 96. polyandra, DC., 97. rhombifolia, Sw., 96. rhomboidea, Jacq., 96. —semitriloba, L., 96. semitriloba, Prl., 96. ~—~wulmifolia, Desv.,.96. a—-Trixis Srutescens, P. Br., 383. scabra, W., 367. terebinthacea, Sw., 368. Trizeuxis—- Saleata, Lindl, 636. Trommsdorffia, Mart. es sect. Tresines, 65. . _aurata, Mart., 65. Trophis americana, L., 1538. Tschadya asperiuscula, DC., 250. berbiceana, Gr., 950." ibaguensis, Gr., 250. lanata, Gr., 950. rufescens, DC., 250. spondylantha, Gr., 251. strigillosa, Gr., 250. T a nea: A. DC., 386. assurgens, A. DC., 387. caudata, Gr.,. 386.- pot —lussilago _—t wp TYPHACEs, 512. _— —+—europeus, Lu, “180. , *) Unona INDEX. Tupa cirsiifolia, ‘A. DO, 387, congiobata, A. DC., 887. digitalifolia, Gr., 387. ensifolia, A. DC., 386. Jlavescens, A. DC., 386. infesta, Gr., 387. ! martagon, Gr., 386. persicyfolia; A. DC., 887. racemosa, A. DC., 387. robusta, 4. DC., 887. sonchifolia, Gr., 388. stricta, 4. DC., "388, L Turnera cistoides, Z., 298. microphylla, Desv., 297. parviflora, Benth., 297. Pumilea, Ii.,.297. ulmifolia, L., 296. HTURNERACER, 296.’ Turpinia occidentalis, Non, 128. paniculata, Vent., 128. Tussacia, Ki/., syn. Catop- sidis, 599. nitida, "Becig 599. Tussacia puichella, Rehb., 463. , albicans, Sw., 383. dentata, L., 383. nutans, Z., 383. pumila, Sw., 383. Typha [ angustifolia, L., 512. peelatifolia, Mey., 513. rome Typhalea, DC., sect. Paves nize, 82. Tyria, K7., 45. Ulanthe grandiflora, Hoole: 643. pUlex © Ulolobus, DC. sect. Guet— tarde, 333. P UMBFLLIFER®, 807. Unguis-cati, Benth., sect. Pi- thecolobii, 226. acutiflora, .Dun., 6. leptopetala,. Dun., 7. odorata, .Dun.,.7. undulata, Duz., 7. xylopioides, Duz., 6. Uranthera 777 Py UDranthera recurva, Naud., 269. | Urechites, J. ail, sect. * Echitidis, 415. suberecta,' J. Miil., 416. r Urena ; americana, Z., gl. americana, Sw.,'81, lobata, L., 81. microcarpa, DC.,.81. : paradoxa,, Kth., 81. reticulata, Cav., 81. ribesia, Sm., 81. - sinuata; L., 81. sinuata, Sw., 81. Swartzii, DC, 81. Swartzii, Maef., 81. Swartzii,, Rich.,.81. typhalea,. L., 82. viminea, Cav., 81. | Urera baccifera, Gaud., 155. - Caracasandg, Gaud., 154, crassifolia, Wedd., 155. elata, Gr., 154, expansa, Gr., 155. Jacquini; Wedd., 154. microcarpa, Wedd., 155. sinuata, Wedd., 154. . spicata, Wedd., 155. Vpeeane Gasp., sect. Fici, 150.. crassinervium, Mig., 150. Gardnerianum, var:, Mig., . 150. © levigatum, Liebm., 151. laurifolium, Gr., 151. . laurifolium,. Iig., 150. lentiginosum, . Liebm., 151. j. pedunculatum, Mig., 152. pertusnm,. Mig., 152.. - populneum, MMig., 151. . trigonatum, Gr., 150. trigonatum, Jfig., 151. eUrtica | _ vestuans, Jacg., 154. eestuans, ‘Steb., 154. alnifolia, Poir., corr. haccifera, Z., 155. caracasana, Jacq., 154, ciliata, Sw., 158. cylindrica, Z., 160. depressa, Sw., 158. diffusa, Sw., 159. divergens, Mey., 154. elata, Sw.,:154. ° dicranophora, Naud., 296, expansa, Sw., 155. 778 Urtica grandifolia, Z., 157. grandifolia, Sw., 159. herniarioides, Sw., 155. - involucrata, Sims., 159. lanceolata, Poir., 156. lappulacea, Sw., 160. laxa,. Sw., 159. lucida, Sw., 156. microphylla, Sw., 155. nudicaulis, Sw., 156. nummularifolia, Sw., 158, Parietaria, Z., 156. pumila, Zuphr., 159, radicans, Sw., 158. repens, Sw., 158. reticulata, Sw., 160. rufa, Sw., 157. semidentata, Poir., 157. serrulata, Sw., 156. sessiliflora, Sw., 157. == -trianthemoides, Sw., 155. -variegata, Spr., 157. ~Urticackm, 149, —Utricularia’ alpina, L., 390. -amethystina, St. Hil. 391 angustifolia, Benj., 391. coccinea, Benj., 392 foliosa, L., 392. globularifolia, var., Benj. 391. grandiflora, Pers., 390. -leptantha, Beny., 391. modesta, 4. DC., 390. montana, Jacq., 390. -myriocysta, St. Hil. — 391. __jervosa, Benj., 391. obovata, Mig., 391. obtusa, Sw., 391. oligosperma, Benj., 391. palatina, Wed., 392. pusilla, V., 391. spathulata, Splity., 391. —ssubulata, L., 391. unifolia, R. P., 390. versicolor, Benj., 391. Uvaria laurifolia, Sw., 7. virgata, Sw., 7. — Vaccinium Imrayi, Hook., 144. guadelupense, Sw., 144. meridionale, Sw., 144. fm INDEX. * “Vaccinium smilacifolium, Gr., 144. =—+Vachellia, W. 4., sect. Aca— cie, 221. ~— Farnesiana, W. A., 222. Valantia hypocarpia, Z., 351. —rVallesia . dichotoma, R. P., 408. P= glabra, Cav., 408. Vandellia diffusa, L., 430. Vanilla anaromatica, Gr., 638. aromatica, Lindl., 638. -aromatica, Sw., 638. _ claviculata, Sw., 638. claviculata, Lindl., 638. guianensis, Sp/itg., 638. planifolia, Andr., 638. sativa, Schied., 638. p Varronia, DC., sect. Cordie, 478. fm alba, Jacg.,.478. je bullata, Sw., 481. | alyptrata, DC., 478. curassavica, Bert., 480. curassavica, Sw., 480. | dasycephala, Desv., 481. ‘| globosa, Z., 481. 4-humilis, Jacg., 481. lineata, Z., 480. 1 lineata, Sw., 481. macrostachya, R. P., 480. martinicensis, Jacg., 480. monosperma, Jacq., 480. Vanpellia calycina, Gr., 460. Verbena ze x-—jamaicensis, L., 494. lappulacea, L., 493. mutabilis, Jacg., 494. -——nodiflora, Z., 494. prismatica, Z., 493, steechadifglia, Z., 495, | ~urticifolia, L., 493. VERBENACER, 492, -Verbesina alata, L., 874. h—~alba, L., 370. gigantea, Jacq., 874, f——anutiea, Z., ‘377. nodiflora, L., 377. pinnatifida, Sw., 874. Verbesinaria, DC., sect. Ver- besinee, 374. Verhuellia elegans, Miz., 165. ~ oot t = - 27 _— Verhuellia serpens, Mig., 165. Vernonia acuminata, Less., 853. arborescens, Sw., 353. argyrophylla, Less., 353. bahamensis, Gr., 352. Berteriana, DC., 353. centriflora, Ls., 353. cinerea, Less., 353. divaricata, Less., 353. divaricata, Sw., 353. emarginata, Wickstr., ° - 354. : fruticosa, Sw., 854. gracilis, Kth., 854. : icosantha, DC., 353. longifolia, Pers., 353. punctata, Sw., 353. rigida, Sw., 354, Sagreeana, DC., 354. scorpioides, Pers., 353. Thome, Benth., 352. tomentosa, Ws., 353.° tricholepis, DC., 354. Vahliana, Less., 353. LV eronica ——sernyllifolia, L., 428. Vetiveria arundinacea, Gr., 559. muricata, Gr., 560. Viburnum alpinum, Macf., 315. glabratum, Kth., 315. villosum, Sw., 315. Vicia sativa, L., 189. r Vigna [—elabra, Sav., 195. t—luteola, Benth., 195. unguiculata, Wp., 196. verillata, Rich., 195. — villosa, Sav., 195. rVilfa, P. B. syn. Sporo- boli, 533. ‘ L—emaspera, P. B., 533. —domingensis, 7%., 533. juncea, Zy., 533. +———-litoralis, P. 8., 533. Po luxurians, Stead., 583. virginica, P. B., 533. Villamilla, R. P., sect. Rivi- nex, 59, Villarsia Humboldtiana, 426. Vinca lutea, Z., 415, Kth, ~ Vinca — w= rosea, L., 410. —Vincetoxicum —™ rem leplocladum, Dese., 418. ~ Viola hybanthus, dud/., 26. stipularis, Sw., 26. ~— tricolor, L., 26. » VIOLACER, 25, Virola, duéi., sect. Myristi-% ce, 8, - Virgaria, Zr, sect. Panici, 546. Viseum “ auceps, Spr., 314. Berterianum, DC., 313. cupressoides, Mac/., 315. dichotomum, Spr., 314. flagelliforme, Desc., 315. hexastichum, DC, 518. flavens, Macf., 314. flavens, Sw., 3138. gracile, DC., 315. jamaicense, Macf., 314. Kunthianum, DC., 314. Jatifolium, Zam., 314. Jatifolium, Sw., 314. leptostachyum, DC., 314. _— oo macrophyllum, Macf., 315. macrostachyum, Jacg., 314. martinicense, DC., 314. mucronatum, DC., 314. myrtilloides, M., 314. opuntioides, DC., 315. purpureum, L., 312. rubrum, Z., 314. sanruroides, DC., 314. 4 terelicaule, DC., 314. tetragonum, DC., 314. tetragonum, Pepp., 314. trinervium, Lam., 314. verticillatum, Z., 314. Vismia angusta, Mig., 111. cayennensis, Pers., 111. Serruginea, Kth., 111. latifolia, Kth., 111. macrophylla, Sa/zm., 111. panamensis, Mig., 111. 7 “Vitex capitata, V., 502. divaricata, Sw., 502. umbrosa, Sw., 502. Vitis caribaea, DC., 102. indica, Sw., 1038. INDEX. Vitis labusca, Dese., 108. ‘nil, 144, Vittaria lanceolata, Sw., 672. [~—tineata, Sw., 671. pV olkameria aculeata, Z., 500. p= japonica, Jaeg., 500. Voueapoua americana, 4ud/., 202. Voyria corymbosa, Splitg., 426. mexicana, Gr., 425. tenella, Guild., 425. trinitensis, Gr., 425. uniflora, Lam., 425. siee, 596, conferta, Gaud., 597. gigantea, Gaud., 597. glutinosa, Lindi., 597. phrenz, 63. - niee, 805. Wallenia angulata, Jacg., 394. clusiifolia, Gr., 394. laurifolia, Sw., 394. laurifolia, Balb., 394. venosa, GY., 394, — Waltheria americana, L., 95. angustifolia, Xth., 95. j= arborescens, Cav., 95. rm elliptica, Cav., 95, glabra, Poir., 95. leeindica, Z., 95. , levis, Schri., 95. f= microphylla, Cav., 95. hems OVata, Cav., 95. Warszewiczella cochlearis, 629. Warszewiczia coccinea, K1., 325. G. Rehb., TWedelia acapulcensis, K¢h., 372. aflinis, DC., 372. Wageneria, X/., sect. Bego- Schomburgkiana, K7., 325. 779 —— Wedelia L—varnosa, Rich., 371. ¢ Vitis-ideea, X¢th., sect. Vacci- tecrenata, Rich., 871. Srutescens, Jacq., 372. frutescens, Sied., 372. gracilis, Rich., 371. reticulata, DC., 372. Siebert, Gr., 372. Weigeltia capitellata, Mig., 394. myrianthos, A. DC., 394. Weinmannia alpestris, Macf., 308. glabra, Z., 308. hirta, Sw., 303. pinnata, L,, 303. or Wigandia sw caracasana, Hook., 477. Vriesea, Lind/., sect. Tilland- + Kunthii, Chois., 477. r—urens, Kth., 477. “rWinterana ear canella, Z., 109. Wissada, Gr., sect. Side, 77, corr. Wadapus, Mog., sect. GonutPWissadu'a, Med., sect. Abu, tili, 77. excelsior, Pri., 77. heterosperma, Hochst., 17. rostrata, Bezth., 77. Witheringia macrophylla, Kth., 435. iW olffia mtenebrasiliensis, Wedd., 512. punctata, Gr., 512. =r Woodsia Brownei, Mett., 695. Wulffia capitata, Sch., 372. » havanensis, DC., 872. panies. DC., 372. ullschlegelia aphylla, G. Rehb., 639. Xanthips, Gr., sect. Ipomeee, 470. Xanthosoma atrovirens, C. Keh., 511. peregrinum, Gr., 511. sagittifolium, Schit., 511. Xenopoma obovata, W., 489. —Kimenia aculeata, Tuss., 310. americana, I.., 310. ambigua, DC., 372. antiguensis, Nichols., 372. buphthalmoides, Gr., 372. calycina, Rich., 372. caracasana, DC., 371, inermis, Z., 310. montana, Macf., 310. multifiora, Jacg., 310. senegalensis, Rich., 310. 3K Xe ‘ 780 Xiphidium albidum, Lam., 589. floribundum, Sw., 589. giganteum, Lind/., 589. Xiphopteris myosuroides, Kau/f., 703. serrulata, Kaulf., 703. Xylobium, Lindl.,sect. Maxil-7 larie, 626. ——Xylophylla, £., sect. Phyllan thi, 35 arbuscula, Sw., 35. falcata, Sw., 35. latifolia, £., 35. montana, Bot. Mag., 35. montana, Sw., 35. Xylopia acuminata, Dun., 7. cubensis, Rich., 6. frutescens, Audi., 6. glabra, L., 6. grandiflora, Aubl., 6. jamaicensis, Gr., 6. longifolia, 4. DC., 6. muricata, Z., 6. salicifolia, Kth., 6. undulata, P. B., 7. — Xylosma nitidum, As. Gr., 21. ~—~—-XYRIDEH, 525. ~~ Xyris americana, Aubl., 526. americana, V., 525. cerulea, Lam., 526. communis, Kth., 525. glabrata, Gr., 525. laxifolia, Wart., 525. savanensis, Miq., 525. —_ INDEX. Xyris savanensis, var., Seud., 5 Sellowiana, Kth., B25. tenella, Kth., 526. Yucca r—~aloifolia, L., 582. Zamia angustifolia, Jacq., 504. integrifolia, Ait., 504. Zanthoxylex, 136. }~-Zanthoxylum aculeatum, Maef., 137. acuminatum, Sw., 137. aromaticum, W., 138. K—caribeum, Lum., 138. tenon clava-Herculis, L., 138. coriaceum, Rich., 137. elephautiasis, Macf., 138. emarginatum, Sw., 137. r—~lauceolatum, Poir., 138. microcarpum, Gr., 138. ochrozylum, DC., 138. Lom pierota, Kth., 138. punctatum, West., 137. 4 spinifex, Jacg., 137. spinosum, Sw., 137. Sumach, Gr., 138. Sumach, Macf., 139. ternatum, Sw., 136. —+ Zapania, Juss., sect. Lippie, 494, —+—nodiflora, Lam., 494. stechadifolia, Pers., 498 — - o—| acuminatum, Macf., 1387 Ba ct sapindoides, DC., 187. — Zea Mays, L., 561. ~Zephyranthes, Herb., sect. Amaryllidis, 584. carinata, Herb., 584. tubispatha, Herb., 584. Zeugites americana, W., 586. colorata, Gr., 536. r——mexicana, Tr., 536. Zingiber officinale, Rose., 602. + Zinnia elegans, Jacq., 370. multifiora, L., 370. Zizyphus —emarginatus, Sw., 100, havanensis, Kth., 100. ~Zornia 2 j}—diphylla, Pers., 185. gracilis, DC., 185. ~-havanensis, Rich., 185. myriadena, Benth., 185. reticulata, Sm., 185. Sloanei, Gr., corr. Zuelania ieosandra, Cl., 22. letioides, Rich., 22, corr. rHygia, P. B., syn. Callian- dree, 225. aromatica, Desv., 489. Zygopetalum brachystaliz, G. Rehb., 629. cochleare, Lindl., 629. flabellifolium, G. Rchd., 629. r ZYGOPHYLLEA, 134, 781 LIST OF COLONIAL NAMES. —+— Acajou: Guarea Swarteiz. Acom: Dioscorea bulbifera. Adam’s needle: Yucca aloifolia. Adrue: Cyperus articulatus. Akee: Blighia sapida. Alder tree, West Indian : Conocarpus erectus. All-heal: Micromeria obovata. Alligator-apple: Axona palustris. Alligator-pear: Persea yratissima. Alligator-wood : Guarea Swartzii. Allspice: Pimenta vulgaris. Almond tree: Terminalia Catappa. Aloe, Aloes ; Aloe vulgaris. Aloe, American: Agave americana. Aloe-wood : Cordia Sebestana. Ananas: Ananassa sativa. Ananas, wild: Bromelia Pinguin. Auchovy-pear tree: Grias cauliflora. Angeleen tree: Andira inermis. Angelica tree : Sciadophyllum Brownet. Antidote-cocoon : Feuillea cordifolia. Arbour-vine, Spanish : Ipom@a tuberosa. Arnotta: Bira Orillana. Arracacha : Arracacha esculenta. Arrow-head : Sagittaria acutifolia. Arrow-root: Maranta arundinacea and indica. Avocado-pear: Persea gratissima. Bachelor’s-button : Gomphrena. Badinjan : Solanum Melangena. Bahama-grass: Cynodon dactylon. Ballata tree (Dominica) : Bumelia retusa. Balsam, broad-leaved : Sciadophyl. capitatum. Balsam, yellow : Croton flavens. _ Balsam-apple : Momordica Balsamina. Balsam-fig : Clusia rosea. Balsam-herb : Dianthera repens. Balsam tree: Clusia rosea. Bamboo: Bambusa, Arthrostylidium, Chus- quea, and Panicum divaricatum. Banana: Musa sapientum. Baobab : Adansonia digitata. : Barbadoes-pride : Casalpinia pulcherrima and Adenanthera pavonina, Barilla: Batis maritima. Basil: Ocimum basilicum. Basket-hoop : Croton lucidus. Basket-withe: Tournefortia volubilis. Bayberry tree : Pimenta acris. Bead tree: Ormosia dasycarpa. Bead-vine, red : Rhynchosia. Bean, Asparagus : Dotichos sesquipedalis. Bean, French : Phaseolus vulgaris. Bean, Hibbert : Phaseolus lunatus. Bean, Horse: Canavalia gladiata. Bean, Horse-eye: Mucuna urens. Bean, Kidney : Phaseolus vulgaris. Bean, Lima: Phaseolus lunatus. Bean, red: Vigna unguiculata, Bean, seaside: Canaralia obdtusifolia and Vigna luteola. Bean, Sugar: Phaseolus lunatus. Bean, Sword: Canavalia gladiata. Bean, Yam: Dolichos tuberosus. Bean, Year : Phaseolus vulgaris. Bean-tree, red : Hrythina Corallodendron. Beech, seaside; Erostemma caribeum. Beef-apple ; Sapota rugosa. Beef-wood, red: Ardisia coriacea. Beef-wood, small-leaved white : Schapfia chry- sophylloides. Bell-flower, American red : Ipomeca Quamoclit. Belly-ache bush : Jatropha gossypifolia. Ben-nut: Moringa pterygosperma. Bichy : Cola acuminata. Bilimbi : Averrhoa Bilimdi. Bilberry, Jamaica: Vaccinium meridionale. Bimbling : Averrhoa Bilimbi. Birch, West Indian: Bursera gummifera. Bitch-wood: Lonchocarpus latifolius. Bitter-ash : Picrena excelsa. Bitter-wood: Xylopia, Stimaruba, and Pi- cramna, Bitter-wood, white: Trichilia snondoides. Black-bead shrub : Pithecolobium unguis-cati. Bladder-wort : Utricularia, Blecding-heart : Colocasia esculenta. Blood-flower : Asclepias curassavica, 782 Blood-wood: Laplacea Haematoxylon. Bonace-bark :, Daphnopsis tinifolia. Bonavist : Dolichos Lablab. Bottle-gourd: Lagenaria vulgaris. Bottle-cod-root: Capparis eynophyllophora. Boxwood : Vitex umbrosa. Branda: Chione glabra. Brazil nuts: Bertholletia excelsa. Braziletto, Bahama : Cesalpinia crista. Braziletto, bastard: Weinmannia pinnata and Setadophyllum capitatum, Braziletto-wood : Peltophorum Linnai. Bread-fruit: Artocarpus incisa. Bread-nut : Brosimum Alicastrum. Bread-nut, bastard : Pseudolmedia spuria. Break-axe : Sloanea jamaicensis. Broad-leaf tree: Terminalia latifolia. Broom-bush: Parthenium Hysterophorus. Broom-tree, mountain: Baccharis scoparia. Broom-weed : Corchorus siliquosus. Broom-weed, sweet : Scoparta dulcis. Bryony, bastard: Cissus sicyoides. Buckwheat : Anredera scandens. Buekthorn: Rosa levigata. Bull-apple tree : Sapota rugosa. Bull-hoof: Passiflora Murucuja. Bolly-tree: Sapota Siderorylon and Myrsine lata. Bully-tree, bastard: Dipholis nigra. Bully-tree, black: Dipholis nigra. Bully-tree, mountain: Dipholis montana, Bully-tree, red: Dipholis nigra. Bully-tree, white: Dipholis salicifolia. Bar-bark ; Triumfetta semitriloba, Burweed : Triumfetta. — Burn-nose : Daphnopsis tinifolia. Burnwood of Negroes: Rhus Metopinm. Burr-grass: Panicum glutinosum. Button-tree: Conocarpus erectus. Button-weed: Spermacoce and Borreria. Cabbage: Brassica oleracea. Cabbage-bark tree : Andira inermis. Cabbage-palm, Barbadoes : Oreodowa oleracea. Cabbage-palm, mountain : Luterpe oleracea. Cabbage-tree: Oreodoxa oleracea and Andira inermis. Cacao : Theobroma Cacao. Cacoons : Extada scandens. Calabash-nutmeg : Monodora Myristica. Calabash tree: Crescentia, Calalu: Phytolacca. Calalu, branched: Solanum nodiflorum. Calalu, green: Luxolus viridis. Calalu, prickly : Amarantus spinosus. Calalu, Spanish: Phytolacca octandra. Calalu, small-leaved: Huxolus caudatus. Caltrop : Zribulus maximus. LIST OF COLONIAL NAMES. Calavance : Dolichos spherospermus. : Campeachy-wood: Hematoxylon campechia- num. Candle-wood : Sciadophyllum capitatum. Candle-wood, white and black: Amyris balsa- mifera. Cane, sugar: Saccharum officinarum. Cane, wild: Avundo occidentalis and saccha- roides. Cane-piece, sensitive-plant : Cassia glandulosa. Cane-killer : Alectra brasiliensis. Canker-berry : Solanum bahamense. Cannon-ball tree: Couroupita guianensis. Capet tree: Capparis verrucosa. Carrot: Daucus Carota. Cascarilla-bark : Croton Eluteria. Cashaw : Prosopis juliflora. Cashew tree: Anacardium occidentale. Cassava or Cassada: Janipha Manihot. Cassava, wild: Jatropha gossypifolia. Cassava-wood : Zurpinia occidentalis. Cassia, broom: Cassia glandulosa. Cassia-stick tree: Cassza Fistula. Castor-oil: Ricinus communis. Cat-claw : Bignonia unguis. Cauto: Hirtella silicea. Cedar, bastard: Guazuma tomentosa. Cedar, Bermudas: Juniperus barbadensis. Cedar, West Indian: Cedrela odorata. Celandine : Bocconia frutescens. Cerasee: Momordica charantia and balsa- mina. Chaw-stick, red: Gouania domingensis. Ché : Oldenlandia umbellata. Cherimolia: Anona Cherimolia. Cherry, Barbadoes : Malpighia. Cherry, bastard : Lhretia tintfolia. Cherry, broad-leaved : Cordia macrophylla. Cherry, clammy : Cordia Collococca. Cherry, Jamaica: Ficus pedunculata. Cherry, West Indian: Malpighia and Bun- chosia. Chickweed: Drymaria cordata. Chickweed, African : Mollugo. China-root : Cissos sicyoides. China-wythe : Smi/ax Balbisiana. Chocho: Sechium edule. Christmas-gambol : Ipomeea sidzfolia, Christmas-pride : Ruellia paniculata. Cinnamon, wild: Cunella alba and Pimenta acris. Cipre: Cordia Gerascauthus. Citron: Citrus medica. Clary, wild : Heliotropium indicum. Climbing-vine: Psychotria parasitica. Clove: Pimenta acris. Clove-strip : Jussiea repens. Cloven-berry bush: Samyda serrulata. LIST OF COLONIAL NAMES. Cob-nut: Omphalea triandra. Cochineal : Opuntia coccinellifera. Cock’s head: Desmodium tortuosum. Cockspur: Pisonia aculeata. Cocoa-nut : Cocos nucifera. Cocoa-plum: Chrysobalanus Icaco. Cocoe : Colocasia esculenta. Coco-wood : Inga vera. Coffee: Coffea arabica. Coffee, wild: Faramea odoratissima, Zuela- _nia letioides, and Eugenia disticha. Cogwood: Ceanothus Chlorozylon. Cohune-nut : Attalea Cohune. Cola: Cola acuminata. Coltsfoot : Pothomorpha. Contvayerva: Aristolochia. Copaiva tree: Copaifera officinalis. Coral-bean tree : Erythrina Corallodendron. Coratoe: Agave and Fourcroya. Corkwood: Anona palustris and Ochroma Lagopus. Corn, Chinese: Setaria italica. Coromantee drum-wood: Zurpinia occiden- talis. Cotton: Gossypium religiosum. Cotton, French: Gossypium hirsutum and Calotropis procera. Cotton, Nankeen: Gossypium religiosum. Cotton tree, or silk-cotton tree: Hriodendron anfractuosum. Cowitch: Mucuna pruriens and Acidoton urens. Cowitch, twining: Tragia volubilis, Crabwood : Carapa guianensis. Cress : Lepidium sativum. Cromanty : Ratonia apetala. Crown-palm : Maximiliana caribaea. Cuba-bark : Paritium elatum. Cucumber, wild: Cucumis sativus. Cucumber: Cucumis Anguria. Cuckold’s-increase : Vigna unguiculata. Cudweed, golden: Pterocaulon virgatum. Currant bush, Indian: Miconia, Clidemia, etc. : Currant tree: Jacguinia armillaris, Beureria succulenta and havanensis. Custard-apple : Anzona, e.g. A. reticulata. Cutting-grass : Seleria flagellum. Cypress-vine : Ipomaa Quamoeltt. Dageger-plant : Yucea aloifolia. Damson, bitter : Stmaruba amara. Damson-plum : Chrysophyllum oliviferum. Date-plum : Diospyros tetrasperma. Date-tree: Phanix dactylifera. David’s-root : Chiococca racemosa. Deadly dwale : Acnistus arborescens. Devil’s-bean : Capparis cynophallophora. 783 Dildo: Cereus Swartzit. Divi-deri : Coulteria tinctoria. Divi-divi: Lebidibia coriaria. Dodder : Cuscuta. Dogwood: Piscidia Erythrina. ‘Dollee-wood: Myristica surinamensis. Dove-wood: Alchornea latifolia. Down-tree: Ochroma Lagopus. Dragon’s-blood : Calodracon Sieberi. Dumb-cane : Dieffenbachia Seguire. Dutch grass: Panicum molle. Dutchman’s butter: Cassia glandulosa. Dutchman’s Laudanum : Passiflora Murucyja, Ear-wort : Rhachicallis rupestris. Earth-nut : Arachis hypogaea. Eboe-light, or Eboe-trechwood : Erythroxylum brevipes. Ebony, green or West Indian: Brya Ebenus. Eddoe: Colocasia esculenta. Egg-plant : Solanum Melongena. Elder, dwarf : Pilea grandis. Elm, Spanish: Cordia gerascanthoides’ and Hamelia ventricosa. Ettow : Cordia Sebestana. Everlasting : Gnaphalium. Eyebright : Euphorbia maculata. Fan-palm : Sabal and Thrinar. ; Feverfew, bastard: Parthenium Hystero- phorus. Fiddle-wood: Citharerylum surrectum and quadrangulare, and Vitex umbrosa. Fiddle-wood, yellow : Petitia domingensis. Fig, black: Ficus laurifolia. Fig, broad-leaved : Ficus crassinervia. Fig, red: Ficus pedunculata. Fig, small-leaved red: Ficus pallida. Fig, small-leaved white : Ficus ochroleuca. : Fig, wild: Clusia flava. Fingrigo: Pisonia aculeata, Fitweed : Eryngium futidum. Five-finger : Synyonium auritum. Fleabanes : Vernonia arborescens. Flower-fence, Barbadoes : Cesalpinia pulcher- rima. Flower-pride: Cesalpinia puleherrima. Forbidden-fruit : Citrus Aurantium, var. Pa- radist. Four-o’clock-flower : Mirabzlis dichotoma. Foxglove: Phytolacca. Foxtail-grass: Anatherum bicorne and ma- erurum. Frenchweed : Commelyna cayennensis. Furze: Ulex europaeus. Fustic : Maclura tinetoria and Xanthorylum. Galapee tree : Sciadophyllum Brownei. 784 Galba: Calophyllum Calaba. Galimeta-wood : Dipholis salicifolia. Garden-balsam : Dianthera pectoralis. Garlick-pear tree: Crateva gynandra. Garlick shrub: ddenocalymna alliacea. Gasparillo ; Esenbeckia. Gawse tree : Lagetta lintearia. Genip tree: Melicocea bijuga and Hypelate paniculata. Germander, maritima. Ginger : Zingiber officinarum. Ginger, wild: Renealmia and Costus. Ginger-grass : Panicum glutinosum. Glasswort : Salicornia ambigua. Goat-rue : Tephrosia cinerea. Goat-weed: Capraria biflora and Stemodia durantifolia. Gad-bush: Arceuthobium gracile. Golden-locks: Pterocaulon virgatum. Golden-spoon : Byrsonima cinerea. Golden-tuft : Péerocaulon virgatum. Gomatu-palm : Arenga saccharifera. Gooseberry, American : Heterotrichum patens. Gooseberry, Barbadoes : Peirescia aculeata. Gout-tea: Cordia globosa. Granadilla: Passiflora. Granadilla tree: Brya Ebenus. Grape, Jamaica: Vitus caribaea. Grape, seaside : Coccoloba. Grape, wild: Coccoloba leoganensis. Grape-tree, chequered: Coccoloba diversi- folia. Grape-tree, mangrove : Coccoloba uvifera. Grape-tree, small: Coccoloba tenuifolia. Greenheart : Colubrina ferruginosa. Greenheart, bastard: Calyptranthes Chytra- culia. Green-withe: Vanilla claviculata. Grigri-palm : diphanes corallina. Ground-nut : Arachis hypogaea. Guava: Psidium Guava. Guava, black : Guettarda argentea. Guava, mountain: Psidium montanum. Guinea-corn : Sorghum. Guinea-grass : Panicum maximum. Guinea-hen’s weed : Petiveria alliacea. Gum, doctor’s : Rhus Metopium. : Gum-Elemi tree, or gum tree of Dominica: Dacryodes hexandra. Gum tree : Sapium laurifolium. Gum tree, Arabic: Acacza arabica. bastard or seaside: Stemodia Halbert-weed : Newrolena lobata. Hardwood tree: Ivora ferrea, Headache-weed : Hedyosmum nutans. Heart’s-ease : Viola tricolar. Heart-pea: Cardiospermum, AIST OF COLONIAL NAMES, Hedge-mustard : Chenopodium ambrosioides. Hemp-agrimony : Eupatorium, Hemp-agrimony, bastard: Ageratum cony- zoudes. Henna: Lawsonia. Hog-gum, false: Rhus Metopium. Hog-gum tree: Moronobea coccinea. Hog-meat, poisoned: Aristolochia grandi- flora. Hog-plum : Spondias lutea. Hogweed : Boerhavia. Hogweed, poisoned : Aristolochia grandiflora. Holly-rose: Zurnera ulmifolia. Honeysuckle : Desmodium. Honeysuckie, West Indian: Tecoma capensis. Hoop-tree : Melia sempervirens. Hoop-withe: Rivina and Colubrina asiatica. Horse-Cassia : Cassia marginata. Horse-purslane: Trianthema monogynum. Horseradish : Cochlearia Armoracia. Horseradish tree: Moringa pterygosperma. Horsewood : Calliandra latzfolia. Icaque: Chrysobalanus Icaco. Incense tree: Moschorylon Swartzit. India-kale: Xanthosoma atrovirens and Colo- casia. India-mulberry : Morinda citrifolia. India-rubber tree: Forsteronia floribunda. India-rubber vine: Cryptostegia grandiflora. Indian-corn: Zea Mays. Indian-pink : Ipomea Quamoelit. Indian-shot : Canna, Indigo : Indigofera tinctoria and Anil. Indigo-berry : Randia aculeata. Ink-berry : Randia aculeata. Inga-tree: Inga vera. Ipecacuanha, bastard: A sclepias curassavica. Ipecacuanha, white: Rechardsonia scabra, Tron-shrub : Sauvayesia erecta. Ironwood: Sloanea jamaicensis (Pd.), Tern- stremia, and Fagara Pterota. Trouwood, bastard: Fagara lentiscifolia and Trichilia hirta. Tronwood, small-leaved: Mouriria myrtil- loides. Ivy: Hedera. Jack-in-the-box : Hernandia sonora. Jack-in-the-bush : Cordia cylindrostachya. Jack-tree: Artocarpus integrifolia. Jamaica-bark : Frostemma. Jambolana tree: Syzygium jambolanum. Jasmine : Jasminum officinale. Jasmine, bastard: Cestrum. Jasmine, French : Calotropis procera. Jasmine, wild: Faramea odoratissina and Lvora, LIST OF COLONIAL NAMES. 785 Jasmine tree: Plumieria rubra, etc. Jew’s-mallow : Corchorus olitorius. Jerusalem-thorn: Parkinsonia aculeata, Job’s-tears : Coir Lacryma, John-Crow’s-nose: Phyl/ocoryne jamaicensis. Jolly, brown : Solanum Melongena. Juba’s bush : Iresine celosioides. Juribali: Moschozylon Swartzii. Knife-grass: Scleria latifolia. -Lace-bark : Lagetta lintearia. Lady-Coot : Adenanthera pavorina, Lancewood: Orandra and Cananga. Lancewood, black: Tournefortia laurifolia. Lapatero: Copaifera officinalis. Laurel, seaside: Phyllanthus latifolius, fal- catus, and linearis, Laurel, West Indian : Prunus occidentalis. Lead-tree : Leucena ylauca. Leadwort : Plumbayo scandens. Lemon: Citrus medica, var. Limonum. Lemon tree, bastard : Fagara lentiscifolia, Libi-dibi: Lebidibia coriaria. Licca tree: Tobinia emarginata. Lignum-rorum : Zobinia emarginata. Lignum-vite : Guaiacum officinale. Lignum-vite, bastard: Sarcomphalus lau- rinus. Lignum-vite, white: Badiera diversifolia, Lilac, West Indian: Melia sempervirens. Lily: Paneratium, Crinum, and Amaryllis. Lily-thorn : Catesbea parviflora. Lime-myrtle: Triphasia trifoliata. Lime tree: Citrus Aurantium, var. spinosis- sima. ‘ Liquorice-vine: Abrus precatorius. Liquorice, wild: Abrus precatorius. Liquorice-weed : Scoparia dulcis. Loblolly-bay : Laplacea Hematoxylon, Loblolly-pine: Pinus bahamensis. Loblolly-sweet wood: Sciadophyllum Jacquin. Loblolly tree: Pisonia subcordata and Cupa- nia glabra. Locust tree: Byrsonima coriacea (March.) and Hymenea Courbaril. Locust tree, bastard: Clethra tinifolia. Locust tree, larger: Byrsonima cinerea. Logwood : Ceanothus Chloroxylum. Logwood, bastard: Acacia Bertertana. Logwood, Campeachy: Hematozylon Cam~ pechianum. : Loosestrife : Jussiea suffruticosa. Love-in-a-mist : Passiflora fetida. Love-apple: Lycopersicum esculentum. Lotus-berry : Byrsonima coriacea. Macary-bitter: Picramnia Antidesma. Mackaw bush: Solanum mammosum. Mackaw tree : Acrocomia sclerocarpa. Mackaw tree, great: Acrocomia lasiospatha. Mad-apple: Solanum Melongena. Madder, Indian: Oldenlandia umbellata. Mafootoo-withe: Entada scandens. Maguly: Agave americana. Mahoe: Paritium tiliaceum. Mahoe, blue: / aritium elatum. Mahoe, bombast : Ochroma lagopus. Mahoe, Congo: Hibiscus clypeatus. Mahoe, grey: Paritium elatum, var. macro- carpum. Mahoe, mountain: Paritiwm elatum. Mahoe, seaside: Thespesia populnea. Mahoe-piment : Daphnopsis caribea. Mahogany tree: Swietenia Mahagont. Mahogany, bastard: Ratonia apetala. Mahogany, white or wild : Stenostomum bifur- catum. Maiden-plum : Comocladia integrifolia. Majoe-bitter : Picramnia Antidesma. Maize : Zea Mays. Mallow : Malvastrum and Sida. Mallow, Indian: Urena. Mammee-Sapota : Lucuma mammosa, Mammee tree : Mammea americana. Manatu-grass : Thalassia testudinum. Manchioneal: Hippomane Mancinella. Manchioneal, bastard : Cameraria latifolia. Mango : Mangifera indica. Mangrove : Rhizophora Mangle. Mangrove, black : Avicennia nitida. Mangrove, olive: Avicennia nitida. Mangrove, white: Laguncularia racemosa. Mangrove, Zaragoza: Conocarpus erectus. Manjack: Cordia macrophylla. Marygold: Wedelia carnosa. Marygold, French : Pectis punctata. Mastic tree : Bursera gunmifera. Mastwood, yellow: Zobinia coriacea. May-flower : Dalbergia Brownei and Heca- stophyllum Brownet. Melon-thick : Melolactus communis. Mignonetta tree: Lawsonia tnermis. Milkwood : Pseudolmedia spuria. Milkwort : Polygala paniculata. Millet : Panicum miliaceum and Sorghum. Misletoe : Loranthus, Phoradendron, and Ar- ceuthobium. Monkey-apple: Anona palustris. Monkey-apple, wild: Clusia alba. Morass-weed : Ceratophyllum demersum. Mountain-damson : Szmaruda amara. Mountain-ebony: Casparea porrecta and Bau- hinia megalandra. Mountain-grape, black: Guettarda longiflora. Mountain-grape, common: Coccoloba tenui- Solia. 786 Monuntain-grape, large-leaved : Coccoloba Plu- miert. 7 Mountain-plum : Ximenia americana. Mountain-pride: Spathelia simplex. Mountain-green : Spathelia simplex. Mugwort : Parthenium Hysterophorus. Muskwood: Moschorylum Swartaii and Gua- rea Swartzit. Mustard : Sinapis. Mustard, bastard : Cleome. Myrtle: Eugenia, ete. Naseberry tree: Supota Achras. Naseberry-bully tree: Sapota Sideroaylon. Naseberry-bully tree, broad-leaved: Lucuma multiflora. 3 Naseberry-bully tree, mountain: Sapota Side. _ roxylon. Nectarine, Spanish: Chrysobalanus Icaco. Negressee : Bucida cupitata. Nephritic tree: Pithecolobium unguis-cati. Nettle : Pilea and Urera. Nettle, Spanish: Bidens. Nettle tree, Jamaica : Sponia micrantha. Nhandiroba : Feuillea cordifolia. Nicarago, bastard: Casalpinia bijuga. Nicker tree: Gui/andina. Nightshade : Solanum. Niopo tree: Piptadenia peregrina. No-eye-pea: Cajanus indicus. Noseburn tree : Daphnopsis tenuifolia, Nutmeg: Myristica fragrans. Nutmeg, American: Monodora Myristica. Oak, Dominica : ea sideroryloides. Oak, French: Bucida Buceras and Catalpa longisiligua. Oats, wild: Pharus latifolius. Ochra: Abelmoschus esculentus. Ochra, musk: Adelmoschus moschatus. - Ochra, wild : Malachra. Oil-nut tree: Ricinus communis. Oil-palm : Elgis guineensis. Oil-plant : Sesamum orientale. Old-maid: Vinca rosea. Old-man’s-beard : Tillandsia usneoides. Old-woman’s-bitter : Picramnia Antidesma. Old-woman’s-tree : Quiina jamaicensis. Olive, wild: Ximenia americana, Bucida Bu- ceras and capitata. Olive, wild, Barbadoes : Bontia daphnoides. Olive-bark tree: Bucida Buceras. Orange, bitter: Citrus durantium, var. Biga- radia. Orange, Jamaica Mandarin: Glycosmis citri- folta. Orange, sweet: Citrus Aurantium, Orange, wild: Drypetes glauca. LIST OF COLONIAL NAMES. Otaheite-apple: Jambosa malaccensis. Otaheite-gooseberry : Cicca disticha. Ox-eye, creeping: Wedelia carnosa. Ox-eye, seaside : Borrichia arborescens. Palmetto, humble: Carludovica insignis (7) Palmetto, royal: Thrinax parviflora aud Sabal umbraculifera. Palmetto, silver-leaved: Thrinax argentea. Palmetto, small : Carludovica. Pameroon-bark : Moschoxylon Swartzit: Papaw : Carica Papaya. Parn-grass : Panicum molle. Pareira-brava: Cissampelos Paretra. Parrot-weed : Bocconia frutescens. Parsley : Petroselinum sativum. Parsuip : Pastinaca sativa. Passion-flower: Passiflora. Pea, black-eyed : Dolichos spherospermus. Pea, Congo or dry : Cajanus indicus. Pea-flower: Centrosema and Chitoria. Pea-tree, swamp: Sesbania. Pear, prickly : Opuntia Tuna. Pear, wild : Clethra tinifolia. Pear-withe : Zanecium Jaroba. Pelican-flower : Aristolochia grandiflora. Pennywort : Hydrocotyle. Pepper, African : Xylopia. Pepper, Cayenne or Guinea: Capsicum. Pepper-elder : Peperomia, Enikea, Artanthe. Pepper-grass : Lepidium virginicum. Pepper-rod : Croton humilis. Periwinkle : Vinca rosea. Peter’s-wort: Ascyrum hypericoides. Physic-nut : Jatropha Curcas. Physic-nut, French : Jatropha multifida. Physic-nut, wild: Euphorbia punicea. Pig-nut: Omphalea triandra. Pigeon-pea: Cajanus indicus. Pigeon-wood : Dipholis salicifolia and Dios- pyros tetrasperma. Pigeon-wood, long-leaved: Coccoloba diversi- folia.. Pigeon-wood, small: Coccoloba diversifolia. Pigeon-wood, ‘small-leaved: Coccoloba pune- tata and leoganensis. Pimento: Pimenta vulgaris. Pine-apple: Avanassa sativa. Pindar: Arachis hypogea. Pingerin : Bromelia Pinguin. Pitch-pine, Bahamas : Penws bahamensis. Pine, wild: Tid/andsia. Plantain: Musa paradisiaca. Plantain, bastard: Heliconia. Plantain, wild: Heliconia Bihat. Plum-tree, seaside: Aimenia americana. Pockwood tree: Guaiacum officinale. Poison-berry: Cestram. LIST OF COLONIAL NAMES. Pokeweed: Phytolacca. Pomegranate: Punica Granatum. Pony: Lecoma serratifolia. Potato : Solanwin tuberosum. Potato, seaside : Ipomaa Pes-capra, Potato, wild: Ipomea fastigiata. Prickly-pole: Bactris Plumieriana. Prickly-withe : Cereus triangularis. Primrose-willow : Jussica, Prince-wood: Hamelia ventricosa and Cordia gerascanthoides. Prune-tree : Prunus occidentalis. Purple-heart : Copaifera officinalis. Purple-lip : Vanilla claviculata. Purslane: Portulaca oleracea. Porslane, seaside: Seswvinm portulacastrum. Radish : Raphanus sativus. Ram-goat : Fagara microphylla. Ramoon tree: Trophis americana. Rattle-wort: Crotalaria. Razor-grass : Scleria scindens. Red-head: Asc/epias curassavica. Red-weed : Phytolacca. Red-withe: Combretum Jacquin. Red-wood : Erythrozylum. Reed-grass : Arundo occidentalis. Reed-mace : Typha angustifolia, Reventa-cavallos : Isotoma longiflora. Rice : Oryza sativa. Ridging grass: Anatherum bicorne. Ringworm-shrub: Cassia alata. Roble : Platymiscium platystachyum. Rocou or Roucou: Biva Orellana. Rod, golden: Neurolena lobata. Rod-wood: Letia and Eugenia. Rod-wood, black: Eugenia pallens. Rod-wood, broad-leaved : Eugenia axillaris. Rod-wood, red: Eugenia axillaris. Rod-wood, small-leaved: Eugenia monticola. Rod-wood, white: Calyptranthes Chytraculia. Rosa-del-monte: Brownea Rosa. Rose, Jamaica or wild: Blakea trinervis, Rose-apple : Jambosa vulgaris. Rose-wood: Amyris balsamifera and Lino- ciera ligustrina. Rosemary, wild: Croton Cascarilla. Rupture-wort : Alternanthera polygonoides. Sage, black : Cordia cylindrostachya. Sage, wild : Lantana and Salvia. Sage-rose: Turnera ulmifolia. Saltwort: Salicornia, Sambo: Cleome. Samphire: Borrichia arborescens. Samphire, Jamaica: Batis maritima. Sandbox tree: Hura crepitans. ganders, yellow: Bucida capitata. 787 Santa Maria: Calophyllum Calaba. Sapodilla tree : Sapota Achras. Savannah-flower : Hehites. Savannah-wattle: Citharexylum quadrangu- lare and cinereum. Savin tree: Cesalpinia bijuga and Fagara lentiscifolia, Savonette tree : Pithecolobium micradenium. Scarlet-seed : Zerustramia obovalis and Letia Thamnia. Scotch attorney : Clusia, Scotch grass: Panicum molle. Screw-pine : Pandanus. Screw tree: Helicteres jamaicensis. Sea-apple: Manicaria Plukenetit. Sebesten : Cordia Sebestena. Segra-seed: Meusllea cordifolia. Senna: Cassia obovata. Senna tree: Cassia emarginata. Sensitive-plant : Mimosa pudica. Sensitive-plant, bastard: Aschynomene ame- ricana. Serpent-withe : Aristolochia odoratissima. Sesban : Sesbania egyptiaca. Seven-year-vine: Ipomea tuberosa. Shaddock: Citrus decumana. Shag-bark : Pithecolobium micradenium. Sheep’s-bane : Hydrocotyle umbellata. Shingle-wood : Nectandra leucantha. Silk-cotton tree : Zriodendron anfractuosum. Silk-grass : Nidularium Karatas. Silver-wood; Guettarda argentea, Zuelania la- tioides, aud Mouriria myrtilloides. Slog-wood : Hufelandia pendula. Snake-wood: Cecropia peltata and Colubrina Serruginosa. Snapdragon : Rueilia tuberosa. Snowberry : Chiococea racemosa. Snowdrop tree: Henianthus incrassatus. Soapberry tree: Sapindus Saponaria. Soapwood : Clethra tinifolia. ~ Soft-wood, black: Myrsine leta. Soldier-plant: Calliandra purpurea. Sorrel: Oxalis. Sorrel, climbing : Begonia scandens. Sorrel, Indian or red : Hibiscus Sabdarifa. Sorrel, switch: Dodone@a viscosa. Sorrel, wood: Begonia acutifolia. Sorrel-vine : Cissus acida. Sour-grass : Paspalum conjugatum. Sour-sop : dnona murtcata. Soushumber ; Solanum mammosum. Spanish-plum : Spondias purpurea. Spiderwort : Zradescantia. Spikenard: Hyptis suaveolens. Spirit-leaf: Ruelia tuberosa. Spur-tree : Petitia domingensis, Spurge: Huphorbia. 788 Spurge, branched: Ernodea litoralis. Stave-wood : Simaruba amara. Star-apple: Chrysophyllum Cainito. Star-apple, wild : Chrysophylium oliviforme. Star-of- Bethlehem : Hypoaxis decumbens. -Star-grass : Rhynchospora Vahliana. Star-of-night : Clusia rosea. Stinking-wood : Cassia occidentalis. Strainer-vine : Luffa acutangula. Strong-bark: Beureria. Strong-man’s-weed : Petiveria alliacea. Styptic- or ve'vet-bur : Priva echinata. Sugar-apple: Rollinia Siebert. Sumach, Jamaica: Rhus Metopium. Sumach, West Indian : Brunellia comocladi- Solia. Supple-jack: Paullinia curassavica, barba- densis, and Cardiospermum grandiflorum. Surette : Byrsonima spicata. Surinam-poison : Tephrosia toxicaria. Sweet-potato: Ipom@a Batatas. Sweet-sop: duona squamosa and sericea. Sweet-William, Barbadoes: Ipomea Quamo- elit. Sweet-wood, black : Séryehnodaphne floribun- da. Sweet-wood, loblolly: Oreodaphne Leucoxylon. Sweet-wood, long-leaved: Nectandra leucan- tha. Sweet-wood, lowland: Nectandra sanguinea. Sweet-wood, mountain : A crodiclidium jamai- cense. Sweet-wood, pepper: Nectandra sanguinea, Sweet-wood, Rio Grande: Oreodaphne Leu- coxylon. Sweet-wood, shrubby: Amyris. Sweet-wood, timber: Acrodiclidium jamai- cense, Nectandra exaltata and leucantha. Sweet-wood, white: Nectandra sanguinea and leucantha, Sweet-wood, yellow: Nectandra sanguinea. Tamarind : Tamarindus indica. Tamarind, bastard: Acacia Julibrissin, Tamarind, wild: Pithecolobium filicifolium. Tamarind, yellow: Acacia villosa. Tansey, wild: Ambrosia artemisifolia. Tapioca: Janipha Manthot. Taya: Xanthosoma peregrinum. Tea, West Indian: Capraria biflora. Tears-of-St.-Peter: Anthacanthus phyllus. Thatch : Calyptronoma Swartsii aud Coperni- cia tectorum. Thatch, palmetto: Thrinax parviflora. Thatch, silver: Thrinax argentea. Thistle, yellow: Aryemone. Thorn, white: Macrocnemum jamaicense. micro- LIST OF COLONIAL NAMES. Thorn-apple: Datura Stramonium. Tirite : [schnosiphon Arouma. Tobacco : Nicotiana Tabacum. Tobacco, riverside: Pluchea odorata. Tomato-berry : Lycopersicum esculentum. Tom-Bontrin’s-bush: Picramnia Antidesma. Toothwort.: Plumbago scandens. Torch-thistle: Cereus repandusand eriophorus. Torchwood : Amyris balsamifera and Thiodia serrata. Trefoil : Sty/osanthes procumbens. Trumpet-flower: Solandra, Brunfelsia, and Catalpa. Trumpet-flower, grandiflora. Trumpet-flower, shrubby : Tecoma stans. Trumpet-reed :' drundo occidentalis. Trumpet tree: Cecropia peltata. Tulip tree :Paritium elatum. Turkey-berry : Solanum torvum and mammo- sum. Turkey-berry tree : Cordia Collococca. Turkey-blossom : Zridwlus cistoides. Turk’s-head : Melocactus communis. Turnip : Sinapis Rapa (Brassica, L.). Turtle-grass : Thalassia testudinum. Tyle-berry : Jatropha muiltifida. peach-coloured: Solandra Vanglo : Sesamum orientate, Vanilla: Vanilla planifolia. Vanilla, Cuba: Critonda dalea, Vegetable, leather: Zuphorbia punicea. Velvet-bur : Priva echinata. Velvet-leaf: Cissampelos Pareira. Velvet-seed : Guettarda elliptica, Vervain: Verbena urticifolia. Vine-sorrel : Cissus acida, Virgin’s bower : Clematis. Wake-robin : Anthurium and Philodendron. Walnut, Jamaica : Picrodendron Juglans. Walnut, Otaheite : Aleurites triloba. Wart-herb : Rhynchosia minima. Watercress : Nasturtium officinale. Water-hyssop : Herpestis Monnieria, Water-lemon : Passiflora laurifolia and ma- Liformis. Water-lily : Nymphaea. Water-plantain : Kehinodorus cordifolius. Water-vine: Doliocarpus Galinea. Water-withe : Vitis caribaea. Water-wood : Chimarrhis eymosa. Wattle-wood : Letia Thamuia. Waw-waw : Rajania pleioneura. West-Indian-bark : Hrostemma caribeum. White-head : Parthenium Hysterophorus. White-horse : Portlandia grandiflora, LIST OF COLONIAL NAMES. White-wood: Oreodaphne Leucoxylon, Nec- tandra leucantha, Tecoma Leucoxylon and pentaphylla. Whitewood-bark : Canella alba. Whitewood-cedar : Zecoma Leucoxylon. Winter-berry : Ilex montana, Winter-cherry : Physalis. Wire-grass : Paspalum filiforme. Wood-bind, Spanish : Ipomea tuberosa. Worm-grass : Spigelia Anthelmia. Wormwood, wild: Purthenium Hystero- phorus. Wound-worth : Leabum Browner. Wreath, purple: Petrea volubilis. THE 789 Yacca tree ; Podocarpus coriacea. Yam-bean : Dolichos tuberosus. Yams, Indian: Dioscorea trifida. Yams, Negro country : Dioscorea alata. Yams, white : Dioscorea alata. Yams, wild: Cissus sicyoides and Rajania pletoneura. Yaw-weed : Morinda Royoe. Yellow-wood : Zanthoxylum and Tobinia. Yellow-wood, prickly: Zanthorylum Clava- Herculis. Zebra-wood : Eugenia fragrans, var. cuneata. Zezegany : Sesamum orientale. END. JOHN EDWAED TAYLOR, PRINTER, LITTLE QUEEN STREET, LINCOLN’S INN FIELDS. L. REEVE & COS PUBLICATIONS IN Hotany, Conchology, Entomology, CHEMISTRY, TRAVELS, ANTIQUITIES, ETC. “* None can express Thy works but he that knows them; And none can know Thy works, which are so many And so complete, but only he that owes them.” George Herbert. LONDON : L. REEVE & CO., 5, HENRIETTA STREET, COVENT GARDEN. 1871. * NEW SERIES OF NATURAL BOTANY @. wai aa FERNS... iy ais MOSSES ... ait te SEAWEEDS ea ve FUNGI... a dias SHELLS AND MOLLUSKS INSECTS _... = iis ANTIQUARIAN... van MISCELLANEOUS ees SERIALS ... 95 ian * RECENTLY PUBLISHED ... FORTHCOMING WORKS ... HISTORY CONTENTS. ——»——_- 10 11 12 18 14 16 18 20 23 23 24 LIST OF WORKS PUBLISHED BY L. REEVE & CO. L. REEVE AND CO.’S NEW SERIES OF NATURAL HISTORY FOR BEGINNERS., —+— *,* A good introductory series of books on Natural History for the use of students aud amateurs is still a desideratum. Those at present in use have been too much compiled from antiquated sources; while the figures, copied in many instances from sources equally antiquated, are far from accurate, the colouring of them having become degenerated through the adoption, for the sake of cheapness, of mechanical processes. : The present series will be entirely the result of original research carried to its most advanced point; and the figures, which will be chiefly engraved on steel, by the artist most highly renowned in each department for his technical knowledge- of the subjects, will in all cases be drawn from actual specimens, and @oloured separately by hand. Each work will treat of a department of Natural History suffftiently limited in extent to admit of a satisfactory degree of completeness. The following are now ready :— BRITISH INSECTS; a Familiar Description of the Form, Structure, Habits, and Transformations of Insects. By BH. F. Staveey. Crown 8vo, 16 Coloured Steel Plates, engraved from Natural Specimens expressly for the work by E. W. Roxinson, and numerous Wood- Engravings by E. C. Rys, 14s. BRITISH BUTTERFLIES AND MOTHS; an Introduc- tion to the study of our Native Lepmortera. By H. T. Srarnron. Crown 8vo, 16 Coloured Steel Plates, containing Figures of 100 Species, engraved from Natural Specimens expressly for the work by E. W. Rozin- son, and Wood-Engravings, 10s. 6¢. e 4 L. REEVE AND CO.’S PUBLICATIONS. BRITISH BEETLES; an Introduction to the Study of our Indigenous CotzorTerRa. By E. C. Rye. Crown 8vo, 16 Coloured Steel Plates, comprising Figures of nearly 100 Species, engraved from Natural Specimens, expressly for the work, by E. W. Rosinson, and 11 Wood-Engravings of Dissections by the Author, 10s. 6d. Ld BRITISH BEES; an Introduction. to the Study of the Na- tural History and Economy of the Bees indigenous to the British Isles. By W. E. SHuckarp. Crown 8vo, 16 Coloured Steel Plates, containing neayly 100 Figures, engraved from Natural Specimens, expressly for the work, by E. W. Ropinson, and Woodeuts of Dissections, 10s. 6d. . BRITISH SPIDERS; an Introduction to the Study of the ARANEIWA found in Great Britain and Jreland. By H. F. Staveney. Crown 8vo, 16 Plates, containing Coloured Figures of nearly 100 Species, aud 40 Diagrams, showing the number and position of the eyes in various Genera, drawn expressly for the work by Turren West, and 44 Wood- Engravings, 10s. 6d. BRITISH GRASSES ; an Introduction to the Study of the Grasses found in the British Isles. By M. Prugs. Crown 8vo, 16 Coloured ‘Plates, drawn expressly for the work by W. Fircu, and 100 Wood- Eugravings, 10s. 6d. BRITISH&ERNS ; an Introduction to the Study of the Ferns, Lycorons, and EquiseEta indigenous to the British Isles. With Chapters on the Structure, Propagation, Cultivation, Diseases, Uses, Preservation, and Distribution of Ferns. By Marearet Piugs. Crown 8vo, 16 Coloured Plates, drawn expressly for the work by W. Fircx, and 55 Wood-Engrav- ings, 10s. 6d. BRITISH SEAWEEDS; an Introduction to the Study of the Mariue ALe# of Great Britain, Ireland, and the Channel Islands. By S. 0. Gray, Crown 8vo, 16 Coloured Plates, drawn expressly for the work by W. Frren, 10s. 6d. Other Works in preparation. L, REEVE AND CO.’8 PUBLICATIONS. 5 BOTANY. — THE NATURAL HISTORY OF PLANTS. By H. Baitton, President of the Linnean Society of Paris, Professor of Medical Natural History and Director of the Botanical Garden of the Faculty of Medicine of Paris. Translated by Marcus M. Harroe, Trinity College, Cambridge. Super-royal 8vo. Vol. I., with 503 Wood Engravings, 253. Of the accuracy and excellence of this great work, the position of the author. as a Botanist of the first rank, and an original investigator, is a sufficient guarantee. Its popular readable style will commend it to all those who desire to become acquainted with the wonderful variety of form and structure found in the vegetable kingdom, but are deterred by the technicalities of other botanical works, The Illustrations, unequalled for beauty, clearness, and accuracy, and abundant in sectional detail of Flower, Fruit, and Seed, add greatly to the value as well as to the attractiveness of the work. The Geographical Distribution and the useful or noxious properties of Plants are duly noted at the end of each family. In the Notes will be found full references to authorities and such other matter as the advanced botanist may require. The First Volume, con- tains the Families RanUNCULACER, DILLENIACES®, Macnouiacka&, ANONA- cCEz, Monimiacez, and Rosacem. The second volume is in the press, and the continuation will keep pace with the French Edition. DOMESTIC BOTANY; an Exposition of the Structure and Classification of Plants, and of their uses for Food, Clothing, Medicine, and Manufacturing Purposes. By Joun Situ, A.L.S., ex-Curator of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Crown 8vo, pp. 560, with 16 Coloured Plates and Wood Engravings, 16s. A handy book of the Vegetable Kingdom, containing a large amount of in- terestirg information, relative to the uses of Plants to man in this country, as well as in those where they grow. HANDBOOK OF THE BRITISH FLORA; a Descrip- tion of the Flowering Plants and Ferns indigenous to, or naturalized in, the British Isles. For the Use of ‘Beginners and Amateurs. By GeorcE Bentuam, F.R.S., President of the Linnean Society. New Edition, Crown 8vo, 680 pp., 12s. Distinguished for its terse and clear style of description; for the introduction of a system of Analytical Keys, which enable the student to determine the family and genus of a plant at once by the observation of its more striking characters ; and for the valuable information here given for the first time of the geographical range of each species in foreign countries. HANDBOOK OF THE BRITISH FLORA, Ittusrratep Epit1on; a Description (with a Wood-Ingraving, including dissections, of each species) of the Flowering Plants and Ferns indigenous to, or natu- ralized in, the British Isles. By Groreze BEenTHaM, F.R.S., President of the Linnean Society: Demy 8vo, 2 vols., 1154 pp., 1295 Wood-Engravings, from Original Drawings by W. Fitcu, £3.10s. An illustrated edition of the foregoing Work, in which every species is ao- companied by an elaborate Wood-Engraving of the Plant, with dissections of its leading structural peculiarities. 2 6 L. REEVE AND CO.’S PUBLICATIONS. BRITISH WILD FLOWERS, Familiarly Described in the Four Seasons. A New Edition of ‘The Field Botanist’s Companion.’ By THomas Moorz, F.L.S. One volume, Demy 8vo, 424 pp. With 24, Coloured Plates, by W. Fitcn, 16s. An elegantly-illustrated volume, intended for Beginners, describing the plants most readily gathered in our fields and hedgerows, with the progress of the sea- sons. Dissections of the parts of the flowers are introduced among the Figures, so that an insight may be readily obtained not only of the Species and name of each plaut, but of its struetnre and characters of classification. BRITISH GRASSES; an Introduction to the Study of the Graminez of Great Britain and Ireland. By M. Piues. Crown 8vo, 100 Wood-Engravings, 6s.; with 16 Coloured Plates by W. Fircu, 10s. 6d. One of the ‘New Series of Natural History,’ accurately describing all the Grasses found in the British Isles, with introductory chapters on the Structure, Cultivation, Uses, ete. A Wood-Engraving, including dissections, illustrates each Species; the Plates contain Coloured figures of 43 Species. CURTIS’S BOTANICAL MAGAZINE, comprising New and Rare Plants from the Royal Gardens of Kew, and other Botanical Eatablish- ments. By Dr. J. D. Hooker, F.R.S., Director of the Royal Gardens: Royal 8vo. Published Monthly, with 6 Plates, 3s.6¢. coloured. Vol. XXVI. of the Third Series (being Vol. XCVI. of the entire work) now ready, with a new General InpEx of the 26 volumes, 43s. The Inpex separately, ls. A complete set of the ‘Turep Serres may be had; also a copy of the Second Series, 18 years’ issue in 17 vols., new, in cloth. Descriptions and Drawings, beautifully coloured by hand, of newly-discovered plants suitable for cultivation in the Garden, Hothouse, or Conservatory. THE FLORAL MAGAZINE, containing Figures and De- scriptions of New Popular Garden Flowers. By the Rev. H. Honywoop Domsnrarn,.A.B. Imperial 8vo. Published Monthly, with 4 Plates, 2s. 6d. coloured. Vols. I. to V., each, with 64 coloured plates, £2. 2s. Vols. VI. to IX., 48 coloured plates, 31s. 6d. each. Descriptions and Drawings, beautifully coloured by hand, of new varieties of Flowers raised by the nurserymen for cultivation in the Garden, Hothouse, or Conservatory. OUTLINES OF ELEMENTARY BOTANY, as Intro- ductory to Local Floras. By Gzorce Bentuay, F.R.S., President of the Linnean Society. Demy 8vo, pp. 45, 2s. 6d. LAWS OF BOTANICAL NOMENCLATURE adopted by the International Botanical Congress, with an Historical Introduction and a Commentary. By ALPHONSE DE CANDOLLE. 2¢. 6d. L, REEVE AND CO.’8 PUBLICATIONS. 7 A SECOND CENTURY OF ORCHIDACEOUS PLANTS, selected from the subjects published in Curtis’s ‘ Botanical Magazine’ since the issue of the ‘ First Century.’ Edited by James Bateman, Esq., F.R.S. Complete in 1 Vol., royal 4to, 100 Coloured Plates, 25. 5s. During the fifteen years that have elapsed since the publication of the ‘Cen- tury of Orchidaceous Plants,’ now out of print, the ‘Botanical Magazine’ has been the means of introducing to the public nearly two hundred of this favourite tribe of plants not hitherto described and figured, or very imperfectly so. This volume contains a selection of 100 of the most beautiful and best adapted for cultivation. ‘The descriptions are revised and in many cases re-written, agreeably with the present more advanced state of our knowledge and experience in the cultivation of Orchidaceous plants, by Mr. Bateman, the acknowledged successor a ae Lindley as the leading authority in this department of botany and hor- culture. MONOGRAPH OF ODONTOGLOSSUM, a Genus of the Vandeous Section of Orchidaceous Plants. By Jamns Bareman, Esq., F.R.S. Imperial folio. Parts I. to IV., each with 5 Coloured Plates, and occasional Wood Engravings, 21s. Designed for the illustration, on an unusually magnificent scale, of the new and beautiful plants of this favoured genus of Orchidaceae, which are being now imported from the mountain-chains of Mexico, Central America, New Granada, and Peru. SELECT ORCHIDACEOUS PLANTS. By Roperr War- ver, F.R.H.8. With Notes on Culture by B.S. Winttams. In Ten Parts, folio, each, with 4 Coloured Plates, 12s. 6d.; or, complete in one vol., cloth gilt, £6. 6s. Secoud Series, Parts I. to VII., each, with 3 Coloured Plates, 10s. 6d. THE RHODODENDRONS OF SIKKIM-HIMALAYA; being an Account, Botanical and Geographical, of the Rhododendrons re- ceutly discovered in the Mountains of Hastern Himalaya from Drawings and Descriptions made on the spot, by Dr. J. D. Hooker, F.R.S. By Sir W. J. Hooxer, F.R.S. Folio, 30 Coloured Plates, £4. 14s. 6d. Illustrations on a superb scale of the new Sikkim Rhododendrons, now being cultivated in England, accompanied by copious observations on their distribution and habits. THE TOURIST’S FLORA; a Descriptive Catalogue of the Flowering Plants and Ferns of the British Islands, France, Germany, Switzerland, Italy, and the Italian Islands. By Joszeu Woops, F.L.S. Demy 8vo, 504 pp., 18s. Designed to enable the lover of botany to determine the names of any wild plants he may meet with while journeying in our own country and the countries of the Continent most frequented by tourists. The author’s aim has been to make the descriptions clear and distinct, and to comprise them within a volume of not inconvenient bulk. : 8 L, REEVE AND CO.’S PUBLICATIONS. GENERA PLANTARUM, ad Exemplaria imprimis in Her- bariis Kewensibus servata definita. By Gronce Bentuam, F.R.S., Pre- sident of the Linnean Society, and Dr. J. D. Hooxen, F.R.S., Director of the Royal Gardens, Kew. Vol. I. Part I. pp. 454. Royal 8vo, 21s. Part IT., 14s.; Part I1I., 15s.; or Vol. I.. complete, 50s. This important work comprehends an entire revision and reconstruction of the Genera of Plants. Unlike the famous ‘Genera Plantarum’ of Endlicher, which is now out of print, it is founded on a personal study of every genus by one or both authors. The First Vol. contains 82 Natural Orders and 2544 Genera. FLORA VITIENSIS; a Description of the Plants of. the Viti or Fiji Islauds, with an Account of their History, Uses, and Pro- perties. By Dr. Berruoip Szemann, F.L.S. Royal 4to, Parts I. to IX, each, 10 Coloured Plates, 15. ‘I'o be completed in 10 Parts. This work owes its origin to the Government Mission to Viti, to which the author was attached as naturalist. In addition to the specimens collected, the author has investigated all the Polynesian collections of Plants brought to this country by various botanical explorers since the voyage of Captain Cook. FLORA OF THE ANTARCTIC ISLANDS. By Dr. J.D. Hooxer, F.R.S. Royal 4to, 2 vols., 574 pp., 200 Plates, £10. 15s. coloured. Published under the authority of the Lords Commissioners of the Admiralty. A The ‘Flora Antarctica’ illustrates the Botany of the southern districts of South America and the various Antarctic Islands, as the Falklands, Kerguelen’s Land, Lord Auckland and Campbell’s Island, and 1370 species are enumerated and described. The plates, beautifully coloured, illustrate 370 species, including a vast number of exquisite forms of Mosses and Seaweeds. FLORA OF TASMANIA. By Dr. J. D. Hooxsr, F.R.S. Royal 4to, 2 vols., 972 pp., 200 Plates, £17. 10s., coloured. Published uader the authority of the Lords Commissioners of the Admiralty. The ‘Flora of Tasmania’ describes all the Plants, flowering and flowerless, of that Island, consisting of 2203 Species, collected by the Author and others. The Plates, of which there are 200, illustrate 412 Species. ON THE FLORA OF AUSTRALIA, its Origin, Affini- ties, and Distribution ;, being an Introductory Essay to the ‘Flora of Tas- mania.’ By Dr. J. D. Hooker, F.R.S. 128 pp,, quarto, 10s, FLORA OF THE BRITISH WEST INDIAN ISLANDS. By Dr. Grisrpacu, F.L.S. Demy 8vo, 806 pp., 37s. 6d. Published under the auspices of the Secretary of State for the Colonies. Containing complete systematic descriptions of the Flowering Plants and Ferns of the British West Indian Islands, accompanied by an elaborate index of reference, and a list of Colonial names, L. REEVE AND GO.’S PUBLICATIONS. 9 FLORA OF TROPICAL AFRICA. By Danten Oxiver, FE.RBS., F.LS. Vols. I. and II., 20s. each. Published under the authority of the First Commissioner of Her Majesty’s Works. This important and much-needed work embodies the researches of a long list of explorers, the results of whose labours have been accumulating at the Royal Gardens, Kew, and other museums, for many years past. The present volume contains the Orders Ranunculaceae to Connaracea. HANDBOOK OF THE NEW ZEALAND FLORA; a Systematic Description of the Native Plants of New Zealand, and the Chat- ham, Kermadec’s, Lord Auckland’s, Campbell’s, and Macquarrie’s Islands. By Dr. J. D. Hooker, F.R.S. Demy 8vo. Part I., 16s.; Part II., 14s. ; or complete in one vol., 30s, Published under the auspices of the Govern- ment of that colony. A compendious account of the plants of New Zealand and outlying islands, published under the authority of the Government of that colony. The first Part contains the Flowering Plants, Ferns, and Tycopods; the Second the re- maining Orders of Cryptogamia, or Vlowerless Plants, with Index and Cata- logues of Native Names and of Naturalized Plants. ae FLORA AUSTRALIENSIS; a Description of the Plants of the Australian Territory. By Gzorce Bentuam, F.R.S., President of the Linnean Society, assisted by FERDINAND Mutter, F.R.S., Government Botanist, Melbourne, Victoria. Demy 8vo. Vols. I. to V., 20s. each. Pub- lished under the auspices of the several Governments of Australia. The materials for this great undertaking, the present volumes of which contain three thousand closely-printed pages, are derived not only from the vast collec- tions of Australian plants brought to this country by various botanical travel- lers, and preserved in the herbaria of Kew and of the. British Museum, includ- ing those hitherto unpublished of Banks and Solander, of Captain Cook’s first Voyage, and of Brown in Flinders’, but from the very extensive and more re- cently collected specimens preserved in the Government Herbarium of Mel- bourne, under the superiutendence of Dr. Ferdinand Mueller. The descriptions re written in plain English, and are masterpieces of accuracy and clearness. FLORA HONGKONGENSIS; a Description of the Flow- ering Plants aud Ferns of the Island of Hongkong. By Grorce Ben- tHAM, P.L.S. With a Map of the Island. Demy 8vo, 550 pp., 16s. Published under the authority of Her Majesty’s Secretary of State for the Colonies. The Island of Hongkong, though occupying an area of scarcelv thirtv square miles, is characterized by an extraordinarily varied Flora, partaking, however, of that of South Continental China, of which comparatively little is known. The number of Species enumerated in the Ea volume is 1056, derived chiefly from materials collected by Mr. Hinds, Col. Champion, Dr. Hance, Dr. Harland, Mr. Wright, and Mr. Wilford. 10 L. REEVE AND CO.’S PUBLICATIONS, CONTRIBUTIONS TO THE FLORA OF MENTONH, AND TO A WINTER FLORA OF THE RIVIERA, INCLUDING THE COAST FROM MARSEILLES TO GENOA. By J. TRanerNe Mocerivex. Royal 8vo. Parts I., IL, and 11I., each, with 25 Coloured Plates, 15s. In this work a full page is devoted to the illustration of each Species, the drawings being made by the author from specimens collected by him on the spot, and they exhibit in vivid colours the beautiful aspect which many of our wild flowers assume south of the Alps. ILLUSTRATIONS OF THE NUEVA QUINOLOGIA OF PAVON, with Observations on the Barks described. By J. E. Howarp, F.L.S. With 27 Coloured Plates by W. Fitcn. Imperial folio, half- morocco, gilt edges, £6. 6s. THE QUINOLOGY OF THE EAST INDIAN PLANTA- TIONS. By J. EB. Howarp, F.L.8. Folio, 3 Coloured Plates, 21s. REVISION OF THE NATURAL ORDER HEDERA- CEA, being a reprint, with numerous additions and corrections, of a series of papers published in the ‘Journal of Botany, British and Foreign.’ By BERTHOLD SEEMANN, Ph.D., F.L.S. 8vo, 7 Plates. 10s. 6d. ILLUSTRATIONS OF THE GENUS CAREX. By Francis Boorr, M.D. Part IV. Folio, 189 Plates, £10. ICONES PLANTARUM. _ Figures, with brief Descriptive Characters and Remarks, of New and Rare Plants, selected from the Author’s Herbarium. By Sir W. J. Hooxer, F.R.S. New Series, Vol. V. Royal 8vo, 100 plates, 31s. 6d. zie FERNS. —+— BRITISH FERNS; an Introduction to the study of the Frxns, Lycopons, aud Equisrra indigenous to the British Isles. With Chapters on the Structure, Propagation, Cultivation, Diseases, Uses, Pre- servation, and Distribution of Ferns. By M. Puuss. Crown 8vo, 55 Wovd-Engravings, 6s.; with 16 Coloured Plates by W. Frrcu, 10s. 6d. One of the ‘ New Series of Natural History for Beginners,’ accurately de- scribing all the Ferns and their allies found in Britain, with a Wood-Engraving, of each Spegies, and Coloured Figures of 32 of the most interesting, including magnified dissections showing the Venation and Fructification. L. REEVE AND CO.’8 PUBLICATIQNS. 11 THE BRITISH FERNS; or, Coloured Figures and De- scriptions, with the needful Analyses of the Fructification and Venation, of the Ferns of Great Britain and Ireland, systematically arranged. By Sir W. J. Hooxer, F.R.S. Royal 8vo, 66 Plates, £2. 2s. The British Ferns and their allies are illustrated in this work, from the pencil of Mr. Firc. Each Species has a Plate to itself, so that there is ample room for the details, on a magnified scale, of Fructification and Venation. The whole are delicately coloured by hand. In the letterpress an interesting account is given with each species of its geographical distribution in other countries, GARDEN FERNS; or, Coloured Figures and Descriptions, with the needful Analyses of the Fructification and Venation, of a Selection of Exotic Ferns, adapted for Cultivation in the Garden, Hothouse, and Con- servatory. By Sir W. J. Hooxer, F.R.S. Royal 8vo, 64 Plates, £2. 2s. A companion volume to the preceding, for the use of those who take an in- terest in the cultivation of some of the more beautiful and remarkable varieties of Exotic Ferns. Here also each Species has a Plate to itself, and the details of Fruetification and Venation are given on a magnified scale, the Drawings being from the peucil of Mr. Fircu. FILICES EXOTICA; or, Coloured Figures and Description of Exotic Ferns, chiefly of such as are cultivated in the Royal Gardens of Kew. By Sir W. J. Hooxer, F.R.S. Royal 4to, 100 Plates, £6. 11s. One of the most superbly illustrated books of Toreign Ferns that has been hitherto produced. The Species are selected both on account of their beauty of form, singular structure, and their suitableness for cultivation. FERNY COMBES; a Ramble after Ferns in the Glens and Valleys of Devonshire. By Cuarnorre Cuanter. Third Edition. Fep. 8vo, 8 coloured plates by Fircu, and a Map of the County, 5s. MOSSES. —_+—- HANDBOOK OF BRITISH MOSSES, containing all that are known to be Natives of the British Isles. By the Rev. M. J. BERKELEY, © M.A. F.LS. Demy 8vo, pp. 360, 24 Coloured Plates, 21s. A very complete Manual, comprising characters of all the. species, with the circumstances of habitation of each; with special chapters on development and structure, propagation, fructification, geographical distribution, uses, and modes of collecting and preserving, followed by au extensive series of coloured illustra- tions, in which the essential portions of the plant are repeated, in every case on a magnified scale. 12 1. REEVE AND CO.’8 PUBLICATIONS. SEAWEEDS. —_—~~— BRITISH SEAWEEDS; an Introduction to the Study of the Marine Atem of Great Britain, Ireland, and the Channel Islands. By 8. O. Gray. Crown 8vo, 6s.; with 16 Coloured Plates, drawn expressly for the work by W. Frrcn, 10s. 6d. One of L. Reeve and Co.’s ‘ New Series,’ briefly but accurately describing, according to the classification of the best and most recent authorities, all the Algee found on our coasts. PHYCOLOGIA BRITANNICA; or, History of British Seaweeds, containing Coloured Figures, Generic aud Specific Characters, Synonyms and Descriptions of all the Species of Alge inhabiting the Shores of the British Islands. By Dr. W. H. Harvey, F.R.S. Royal 8vo, 4 vols., 765 pp., 360 Coloured Plates, £7. 10s. This work, originally published in 1851, is still the standard work on the subject of which it treats. Each Species, excepting the minute ones, has a Plate to itself, with magnified portions of structure and fructification, the whole being printed in their natural colours, finished by hand. PHYCOLOGIA AUSTRALICA; a History of Australian Seaweeds, comprising Coloured Figures and Descriptions of the more cha- racteristic Marine Algee of New South Wales, Victoria, Tasmania, South Australia and Western Australia, and a Synopsis of all known Australian Alge. By Dr. Harvey, F.R.S. Royal 8vo, 5 vols., 300 Coloured Plates, £7. 18s. This beautiful work, the result of an arduous personal exploration of the shores of the Australian continent, is got up in the style of the ‘Phycologia Britannica’ by the same author. . Each. Species has a Plate to itself, with ample magnified delineations of fructification and structure, embodying a variety of most curious and remarkable forms. NEREIS AUSTRALIS; or, Alge of the Southern Ocean, being Figures and Descriptions of Marine Plants collected on the Shores of the Cape of Good Hope, the extratropical Australian Colonies, Tas- mania, New Zealand, and the Antarctic Regions. By Dr. Harvey, F.R.S. Imperial 8vo, 50 Coloured Plates, 22. 2s. A selection of Fifty Species of remarkable forms of Seaweed, not included in the ‘Phycologia Australica,’ collected over a wider area. L. REEVE AND CO.’8 PUBLICATIONS. 13 FUNGI. = OUTLINES OF BRITISH FUNGOLOGY, containing Characters of above a Thousand Species of Fungi, and a Complete List of all that have been described as Natives of the British Isles. By the Rev. a J. Berxevey, M.A., F.L.S. Demy 8vo, 484 pp., 24 Coloured Plates, Ss. Although entitled simply ‘Outlines,’ this is a good-sized volume, of nearly 500 pages, illustrated with more than 200 Figures of British Fungi, all carefully coloured by hand. Of above a thousand Species the characters are given, and a complete list of the names of all the rest. THE ESCULENT FUNGUSES OF ENGLAND. Con- taining an Account of their Classical History, Uses, Characters, Develop- ment, Structure, Nutritions Properties, Modes of Cooking and Preserving, etc. By C.D. BapHam, M.D. Second Edition. Edited by F. Currey, F.R.S. Demy 8vo, 152 pp., 12 Coloured Plates, 12s. A lively classical treatise, written with considerable epigrammatic humour, with the view of showing that we have upwards of 30 Species of Fungi abounding in our woods capable of affording nutritious aud savoury food, but which, from ignorance or prejudice, are left to perish ungathered. “I have indeed grieved,” says the Author, “‘when reflecting on the straitened condition of the lower orders, to see pounds of extempore beefsteaks growing on our oaks, in the shape of Fistulina hepatica; Puff-balls, which some have not inaptly compared to sweetbread ; Hydua, as good as oysters; and Agaricus deliciosus, reminding us of tender lamb-kidney.” Superior coloured Figures of the Species are given from the pencil of Mr. Fircx. ILLUSTRATIONS OF BRITISH MYCOLOGY, com- prising Figures and Descriptions of the Funguses of interest and novelty indigenous to Britain. By Mrs. T.J. Hussy. Royal 4to; First Series, 90 Coloured Plates, 27. ,12s. 6d.; Second Series, 50 Coloured Plates, £4. 10s. : i This beautifully-illustrated work is the production of a lady who, being an accomplished artist, occupied the leisure of many ‘years in accumulating a port- folio of exquisite drawings of the more attractive forms and varieties of British Fungi. The publication was brought to. an end with the 140th Plate by her sudden decease. The Figures are mostly of the natural size, carefully coloured by hand. CLAVIS AGARICINORUM: an Analytical Key to the British Agaricini, with Characters of the Genera and Subgenera. By Wortuineton G. Smit, F.L.S. Six Plates. 2s. 6d. 14 L. REEVE AND CO.’S PUBLICATIONS. SHELLS AND MOLLUSKS. — ELEMENTS OF CONCHOLOGY ; an Introduction to the- Natural, History of Shells, and of the Animals which form them. By Lovett Reeve, F.L.S. Royal 8vo, 2 vols., 478 pp., 62 Coloured Plates, £2. 16s. Intended as a guide to the collector of shells in arranging and naming his specimens, while at the same time inducing him to study them with reference to their once living existence, geographical distribution, and habits. Forty- six of the plates are devoted to the illustration of the genera of shells, and sixteen to shells with the living animal, all beautifully coloured by hand. CONCHOLOGIA ICONICA ; or, Figures and Descriptions of the Shells of Mollusks, with remarks on their Affinities, Synonymy, and Geographical Distribution. By Lovett Rerve, F.L.S. Demy 4to, pub- lished monthly in Parts, 8 Plates, carefully coloured by hand, 10s. Of this work, comprising illustrations of Shells of the natural size, nearly 2800 Plates are published, but the plan of publication admits of the collector purchasing it at his option in portions, each of which is complete in itself. Each genus, as the work progreases, is issued separately, with Title and Index ; and an Alphabetical List of the published genera, with the prices annexed, may be pro- cured of the publishers on application. The system of nomenclature adopted is that of Lamarck, modified to meet the exigeucies of later discoveries. With the name of each species is given a summary of its leading specific characters in Latin and English; then the authority for the name is quoted, accompanied by a reference to its original description; and next in order are its Synonyms, The habitat of the species is next given, accompanied, where possible, by par- ticulars of soil, depth, or vegetation. Finally, a few general remarks are offered, calling attention to the most obvious distinguishing peculiarities of the species, with criticisms, when necessary, on the views of other writers. At the com- mencement of the genus some notice is taken of the animal, and the habitats of the species are worked up into a general summary of the geographical distri- bution of the genus. CONCHOLOGIA ICONICA IN MONOGRAPHS. Genera. Plates. £8 2. Genera, Plates. ACHATINA Boris ACHATINELLA.. Butta ..... ADAMSIELLA Canyprrma.. 1 AKERA CaNnCELLARI, AMPHIDES: Capsa AMPULLABIA 1 CaPsEtt, - Carpira CaRpiIum .. ANASTOMA.... ANATINA . w COQ SOM YOO Ke OOH WW O ma ANOILLABIA., 1 CaRINARIA .. ANOULOTUS... CassIDARILA .. ANODON .. Cassis ..... 1 ANOMIA.... 1 Casratta .. APLUSTRUM.. CEEITHIDEA APLYSIA 1 QrrivHium Arca. HAMA . L ARGONAT' Cuamost ARTEMIS ., 1 Curron ASPERGILLUM .. CurroneLu WOTOWSCOHOCSCOSCOMSCOCOMSCOOh SOESCOHROAAMRMOAMMOMROROADO™ Toe CccCorFcCcCowoocTOrFCOCoOrF DWDOWAMWAMWHONMaATH NOPE MS F SCOSCABRBOARVROCABSOCAIABOBOOCOSOF ATYS we CHonDROPOMA 1 AVIOULA .. CIROB wesssesesees 1 Bucornum «4 1 CoLUMBELLA .. Buiimus 1 ConcHOLEPAS L. REEVE AND CO.’S PUBLICATIONS. CRASSATELLA CRENATULA .. CREPIDuLa .. CrucrBuLum CucuLLama ..... CyonorHorts., CycLostoma Cyrctotvs..... CYPRICcARDIA CYTHEREA ... DELPHINULA Dione ..... DowvaBELLA DoLABRIFERA Dourvm. Dowax Esuena Erato FIssugELLA Fusvs ..... we WHOMARMNHHAHOD TAQH HOH OHI Oe ooOH Hari ..... Hattotts HaMINEa Hagpa .. HELix .. HEMIPECTEN. Hemisinvs .. HINNITES Arprorvs... Hypatinsa Hyria .., Tanteina TO? cosas one Iripina sIsocaRpia. ~ RRsat i] Lxrostraca.. Lzrroroma Lineura .. Lirgopomu: Litrorina .. wo ee MANGELIA ... MareivELta MELANIa ..... MeLanorsis,. MELaToMA Mezroz.. . Mzsatia & Haxisia. eee MEsSODESMA... . Mata ...... MiTRA Mopiota orb mes eB ee Se 0 9 0 Murex... Myapora... Mycrrorus MyocHamMa Myriuvs © Nassa.. Natica NavtILvs... Genera, Plates, e Be HOP WORRWAWR OHM OM ORDWORH OH id .PLuropon an SCHR SOSOSONSO CN OSCOCOCOCOCOMHS OH SOHO CODCOD OS OOO SSD OWO SCHOO OHH OOCOO OC OCOS OOO OOHPHOPRHOC ODOC OOM CH WR ARPOHHDOHAMA EHH OROHOOAH _ - BPEOBRAORAADWOP fi SO NT 00 09 FS ot 00 1 9 00 C9 1 ira “ Padre DWOQWR HRI ON oA SSSOARAODASGAARMMRBOSOOARMOMARMRODHOHDOSSOOAROAROROAAABMROARMOSCOARMRABSAMDORSRSOAMOROCOABDO™ Genera, Plates. Naviortra & as 8.. Negra .. Nerina. Niso ..., Oniva Oniscra Ongrcura, PaasiANELLA , PuHorvs.... Pinna . Pruena. wo PLEvRoBRANCHUS. PLEUROTOMA., Poramivzs . Psammosia . PsaMMOTELLA PrEROCERA ... PreRocrcuos . PURPURA .... PYRAMIDELLA Pypazvs .... Pyrrvwa.... RaNewya . Ricrnvta. RostELakia . SANGUINOLARIA ScaRraRus. Scurtvs .... SigaRetus . SimMPULOPSIS SIPHONARIA. SouaRivm.... SoLETELLINA.. SPonDYLUs . eS _ se 1D GO BP COV THO CH WA O DOHA WT GH MOMS ME OOO HO OED SrRoMBUB..... STRUTHIOLARIA Tapxs 13 TELESCOPIU 1 TELLINA . 58 TERKBRA . 27 TEREBELL 1 TRREBRATULA CHONELLA . 11 THRACIA .... 3 TORNATELLA TRIDACNA TRIGONIA a TRITON .... «+ 20 TROCHITA, Trocuvs . Tuga . Tuaonia . TURBINELLA . TURBO ....... 13 TURRITELLA, i TyMpPaNOTONOs . 2 UMBRELLA . 1 Unto «2... 96 VENUS. . 26 VeRTAGUS . 5 Virrina . 10 Vouvta.... 22 VULSELLA. 2 ZizyPHINUS.... ~ or id _ _ ee ” nd oe we oe ~ CHAWDWHAWCHHEAORARBHHYORAHOMTA RP PROMO ROT HROWO DORE ARODHHORMRWOHOH OME WOR OOH OCR ROM ROM Qh Os tad SSOHSOPASSSCOSSOHOHDSCOCOSD SCHWMDOCOHHOSOSOSSOSCSOSSCSOSSCOSOSO S SCOSNWSOOOCONO OSC OONWNOOOOSOHNONHOR, oe ROSORSCSOATOAMRAROCAMRAHROO ABRAAARAMMOORBDOCDSOACOAROCARHROARORARMARSOSOOSOOCOMAMMORDODARORBOORSE w 16 L. REEVE AND CO.’s PUBLICATIONS. CONCHOLOGIA INDICA; being Illustrations of the Land and Freshwater Shells of British India. Edited by SyLvanus Hawuey, F.L.S., and Writ1am Tarosatp, of the Geological Survey of India. 4to, Part I. and IL., each, with 20 Coloured Plates, 20s. For want of a comprehensive book of reference, the land and freshwater shells of British India are less known in Europe and America than those of countries less frequented by travellers. To meet this acknowledged want, this first attempt at a special conchology of our Indian empire has been essayed. THE EDIBLE MOLLUSKS OF GREAT BRITAIN AND IRELAND, with the modes of cooking them. By M.S. Lovett. Crown 8vo, 5s.; with 12 Coloured Plates, 8s. 6d. INSECTS. — BRITISH INSECTS. A Familiar Description of the Form, Structure, Habits, and Transformations of Insects. By E. F. Stave.ey, Author of “ British Spiders.” Crown 8vo, with 16 beautifully Coloured Steel Plates and numerous Wood Engravings, 14s. “This little work'is planned on the supposition that the reader knows nothing scientifically of the insect world, but that he has exercised some degree of observation on such common species as must have come before him. From this it is attempted to lead him on to a general idea of the structure and classifi- cation of insects.” —Preface, BRITISH BEETLES; an Introduction to the Study of our: Indigenous CouzorTera. By E. C. Rye. Crown 8vo, 16 Coloured Steel Plates, comprising Figures of nearly 100 Species, engraved from Natural Specimens, expressly for the work, by EB. W. Ropinson, and 1] Wood-Engravings of Dissections by the Author, 10s. 6d. This little work forms one of a New Series designed to assist young per- sons to a more profitable, and, consequently, more pleasurable observation of Nature, by furnishing them in a familiar manuer with so much of the science as they way acquire without encumbering them with more of the technicalities, so confusing and repulsive to beginners, than are necessary for their purpose. In the words of the Preface, it is “ somewhat on the scheme of a Delectus ; com- bining extracts from the biographies of individual objects with principles of classification and hints for obtaining further knowledge.” Bi tec ee Se BRITISH BEES; an Introduction to the Study of the Na- tural History and Economy of the Bees indigenous to the British Isles, By W. BE. Sauckarp. Crown 8vo, 16 Coloured Steel Plates, containing nearly 100 Figures, engraved from Natural Specimens, expressly for the work, by E. W. Roxsrnson, and Woodcuts of Dissections, 10s. 6d. A companion volume to that on British Beetles, treating of the structure, geographical distribution and classification of Bees and their parasites, with lists of the species found in Britain, and an account of their habits and economy. L. REEVE AND CO.’8 PUBLICATIONS. 17 BRITISH BUTTERFLIES AND MOTHS; an Introduc- tion to the Study of our Native Lerinorrers. By H. T. Srarvron. Crown 8vo, 16 Coloured Steel Plates, containing Figures of 100 Species, engraved from Natural Specimens expressly for the work by E. W. RoBin- son, and Wood-Engravings, 10s. 6d. Another of the ‘ New Series of Natural History for Beginners aud Amateurs, treating of the structure and classification of the Lepidoptera. BRITISH SPIDERS; an Introduction to the Study of the AraneIp& found in Great Britain and Ireland. By E. F. Stave.ty. Crown 8vo, 16 Plates, containing Coloured Figures of nearly 100 Species, aud 40 Diagrams, showing the number and position of the eyes in various Genera, drawn expressly for the work by TurreN West, and 44 Wood- Engravings, 10s. 6d. One of the ‘New Series of Natural History for Beginners,’ and companion volume to the ‘British Beetles’ and ‘ British Bees.’ It treats of the structure and classification of Spiders, and describes those found in Britain, with notes on their habits. and hints for collecting and preserving. CURTIS’S BRITISH ENTOMOLOGY. Illustrations and Descriptions of the Genera of Insects found in Great Britain and Ireland, containing Coloured Figures, from nature, of the most rare and beautiful species, aud, in many instances, upon the plants on which they are found. Royal 8vo, 8 vols., 770 Plates, coloured, £21. Or in separate Monographs. Orders. Plates. & 8 @. “Orders. Plates. & 8 da APHANIPTERA » 2. O02 0 HYM1NOPTERA... . 12 2. 4 0 0 CoLEorprzza . 26 .. 8 0 0 LEPIDOPTERA 193 ... 6 0 0 DgEMAPTERA. 1... 020 NEUBOPTERA.. 13 .. 090 DICTYOPTERA . 1.. 01 0 OMALOPTEBA... 6. 0 4 6 Drpreea....... 103... 8 5 0 ORTHOPTERA ... 5 uw. 0 4 0 HEMIPTEga . . &. 121 0 STREPSIPTERA .., wo 38 w 0 2 6 FLOMOPTERA .occscseeeesens 21. O14 0 TRICHOPTEBA ...csarseeee 9... 06 6 “Curtis’s Entomology,’ which Cuvier pronounced to have “reached the ulti- matum of perfection,” is still the standard work on the Genera of British In- sects, The Figures executed by the author himself, with wonderful minuteness and accuracy, have never been surpassed, even if equalled. The price at which the work was originally published was £43. 16s. INSECTA BRITANNICA ; Vol. III., Diptera. By Francrs Watxsk, F.L.S. 8vo, with 10 Plates; 25s. 18 L. REEVE AND CO.’S PUBLICATIONS. ANTIQUARIAN. . —+— SACRED ARCHASOLOGY; a Popular Dictionary of Eccle- siastical Art and Institutions, from Primitive to Modern Times. Compris- ing Architecture, Music, Vestments, Furniture Arrangement, Offices, Cus- toms, Ritual Symbolism, Ceremonial Traditions, Religious Orders, etc., of the Church Catholic in all Ages. By Mackenzie E. C. Watcort, B.D. Oxon., F.S.A., Preecentor and Prebendary of Chichester Cathedral. Demy 8vo, 18s. Mr. Walcott’s ‘ Dictiouary of Sacred Archeology’ is designed to satisfy a great and growing want in the literature of the day. The increased interest taken by large classes of the community in the Ecclesiastical History, the Archeology, the ’ Ritual, Artistic, and Conventual Usages of the early and middle ages of Christen- dom has not been met by the publication of manuals at all fitted by their com- prehensiveness, their accuracy, and the convenience of their arrangement to supply this highly important demand. To combine in one the yaried and general information required by the cultivated reader at large with the higher and more special sources of knowledge of which the student of ecclesiastical lore has need, is the object which has been kept in view in the compilation now offered to the public. In no work of the kind has the English public, it is confidently believed, had presented to it so large and varied a mass of matter in a form so conveniently arranged for reference. One valuable feature to which attention may be invited- is the copious list of authorities prefixed to Mr. Walcott’s Dictionary. The student will here find himself pul readily upon the track for following up any particular line of inquiry, of which the Dictionary has given him the first outlines. A MANUAL OF BRITISH ARCHAIOLOGY. By ae Bourett, M.A. Royal 16mo, 398 pp., 20 Coloured Plates, s. 6d. A treatise ou general subjects of antiquity, written especially for the student of archeology, as a preparation for more elaborate works. Architecture; Se- pulchral Monuments, Heraldry, Seals, Coins, Illuminated Manuscripts and In- scriptions, Arms and Armour, Costume and Personal Ornaments, Pottery, Por- celain and Glass, Clocks, Locks, Carvings, Mosaics, Embroidery, etc., are treated of in succession, the whole being illustrated by 20 attractive Plates of Coloured Figures of the various objects. SHAKESPEARE’S SONNETS, Facsimile, by Photo-Zinco- graphy, of the First Printed edition of 1609. rom the Copy in the Library of Bridgewater House, by permission of the Right Hon. the Earl of Ellesmere 10s. 6d. L. REEVE AND CO.’S PUBLICATIONS. = 19 BEWICK’S WOODCUTS. Impressions of Upwards of Two Thousand Woodblocks, engraved, for the most part, by Tuomas and Joun Berwick; including Illustratioas of various kinds for Books, Pamphlets, and Broadsides; Cuts for Private Gentlemen, Public Com- panies, Clubs, etc.; Exhibitions, Races, Newspapers, Shop Cards, Invoice Heads, Bar Bills, ete. With an Introduction, a Descriptive Catalogue of the Blocks, and a List of the Books and Pamphlets illustrated. By the Rev. T. Hugo, M.A., F.R.S.L,, ¥.S.A. In one large handsome volume, impcrial 4to, gilt top, with full length steel Portrait of Thomas Bewick, £6. 6s. Among these Cuts, distributed in 247 Plates, will be found the Engravings of a large number of the most celebrated Works illustrated by these Artists, and a unique assemblage of Cuts for Private Geutlemen, Public Societies and Com- panies, Amusements, Newspapers, Shop Cards, Invoices, Bar Bills, and other miscellaneous purposes. ‘The Volumes referred to are, in general, rare and costly, while of most of the Miscellaneous Engravings very few impressions are known to exist. Not ouly to Bewick Collectors, but to all persons interested in the progress of Art, and especially of Wood Engraving, this Volume, exhibit ing chrouologically the Works of the Fathers of that Art in England, caunot fai to be of the highest interest. THE BEWICK COLLECTOR AND SUPPLEMENT. A Descriptive Catalogue of the Works of THomas aud Joun Berwick, inclu- ding Cuts, in various states, for Books aud Pamphlets, Private Gentlemen, Public Companies, Exhibitions, Races, Newspapers, Shop Cards, Invoice Heads, Bar Bills, Coal Certificates, Broadsides, and other miscellaneous purposes, and Wood Blocks. With an Appendix of Portraits, Autographs, Works of Pupils, etc. The whole described from the Originals contained in the Largest and most Perfect Collection ever formed, and illustrated with 292 Cuts from Bewick’s own Blocks. By the Rev. Tuomas Hugo, M.A., ¥.S.A., the Possessor of the Collection. 2 vols. demy 8vo, price 42s. ; imperial 8vo (limited to 100 copies), with a fine Steel Engraving of Thomas Bewick, £4. 4s. The SupPLEMENT, with 180 Cuts, may be had separately ; price, small paper, 21s.; large paper, 42s.; also, the Portrait on imperial folio, price 7s. 6d. eed MAN’S AGE IN THE WORLD ACCORDING TO HOLY SCRIPTURE AND SCIENCE. By an Essex Rector. Demy 8vo0, 264 pp., 8s. 6d. The Author, recognizing the established facts and inevitable deductions of Science, seeks an interpretation of the Sacred Writings, consistent alike with their authenticity, when rightly understood, and with the exigencies of Science. He treats in successive Chapters of The Flint Weapons of the Drift,—The Crea- tion,—The Paradisiacal State, —The Genealogies, —The Deluge,—Babel and the Dispersion; and adds an Appendix of valuable information from various sources. THE ANTIQUITY OF MAN; An Examination of Sir Charles Lyell’s recent Work. By S. R. Parrison, J'.G.S.. Second Edition. 8vo, 1s. 20 | L. REBVE AND CO.’§ PUBLICATIONS. MISCELLANEOUS. eS ON INTELLIGENCE. By H. Tanz, D.C.L. Oxon. Translated from the French by T. D. Haye, and revised, with additions, by the Author. Part I. 83. 6d. Part II. 10s. or, complete in One Volume, 18s. “In the first part, the elements of knowledge have been determined ; by consegytive reductions we have arrived at the most simple elements, and have passed from these to the physiological changes which are the condition of their origin, In the second part, we have first described the mechanism and general effect. of their combination; then, applying the law we have discovered, we haye examined the elements, formation, certitude, and range of the principal kinds of our knowledge, from that of individual things to that of general things, from the most special perceptions, previsions, and recollections, up to the most universal judgments and axioms.” — Preface. THE BIRDS OF SHERWOOD FOREST; with Obser- - vations on their Nesting, Habits, and Migrations. By W. J. SterLanp. Crown 8vo, 4 Plates. 7s. 6d. coloured. THE NATURALIST IN NORWAY; or, Notes on the Wild Animals, Birds, Fishes, and Plants of that Country, with some account of the principal Salmon Rivers. By the Rev. J. Bowprn, LL.D. Crown 8vo, 8 Coloured Plates. 10s. 6d. CALIPHS AND SULTANS; being Tales omitted in the ordinary English Version of ‘The Arabian Nights Entertainments,’ freely rewritten and rearranged. By S. Hanky, F.LS. 6s. LIVE COALS; or, Faces from the Fire. By L. M. Bupesgn, “Acheta,” Author of ‘ Episodes of Insect Life,’ ete. Dedicated, by Special Permission, to H.R.H. Field-Marshal the Duke of Cambridge. Royal 4to, 85 Original Sketches printed in colours, 42s. The ‘ Episodes of Insect Life,’ published in three series some years since, won from the late Prince Consort a graceful acknowledgment iu the presentation to the Author of a copy of a book, ‘The Natural History of Deeside,’ privately printed by command of Her Majesty the Queen. The above Work comprises a series of Thirty-five highly imaginative and humorous Sketches, suggested by burning Coals and Wood, accompanied by Essays, descriptive and discursive, on:—The Imagery of Accident—The Fire in a New Light—The Fire an Ex- hibitor—The Fire a Sculptor. oa ‘ ° L. REEVE AND CO.’S PUBLICATIONS. 21 SUNSHINE AND SHOWERS: their Influences through- out Creation. A Compendium of Popular Meteorology. By ANDREW Stzinmutz, Esq. Crown 8vo, Wood Engravings, 7s. 6d. This Work not only treats fully all the leading topics of Meteorology, but es- pecially of the use of the Hygrometer, for which systematic Rules are now for the first time drawn up. Among other interesting and useful subjects, are chap- ters on Rainfall in England and Europe in general—Wet and Dry Years—Tem- perature and Moisture with respect to the health of Plants and Animals—The Wonders of Evaporation—Soil Temperature—The Influence of Trees on Climate and Water Supply—The Prognostication of the Seasons and Harvest—The Characteristics and Meteorology of the Seasons—Rules of the Barometer—Rules of the Thermometer as a Weather Glass—Popular Weather-casts—Anemometry a finally, What becomes of the Sunshine—and what becomes of the owers. : THE REASONING POWER IN ANIMALS. By the Rev. J. S. Watson, M.A. 480 pp. Crown 8vo, 9s. The object of the above treatise is to trace the evidences of the existence in the lower animals of a portion of that reason which is possessed by man. A large number of carefully-selected and well-authenticated anecdotes are adduced of various animals having displayed a degree of intelligence distinct from in- stinct, and called into activity by circumstances in which the latter could have been no guide. METEORS, AEROLITES, AND FALLING STARS. By Dr. T. L. Puipson, F.C.S.' Crown 8vo. 25 Woodcuts and Lithogra- phic Frontispiece, 6s. A very complete summary of Meteoric Phenomena, from the earliest to the present time, including the shower of November, 1866, as observed by the Author. : MANUAL OF CHEMICAL ANALYSIS, Qualitative and Quantitative; for the Use of Students. By Dr. Henry M. Noap, F.R.S. Crown 8vo, pp. 668, 109 Wood Engravings, 16s. Or, separately, Part I., ‘QUALITATIVE,’ New Edition, New Notation, 6s.; Part 1I., “QUAN- TITATIVE,’ 10s. 6d. A Copiously-illustrated, Useful; Practical Manual of Chemical Analysis, pre- pared for the Use of Students by the Lecturer on Chemistry at St. George’s Hospital. The illustrations consist of a series of highly-finished Wood-Engra- vings, chiefly of the most approved forms and varieties of apparatus. PHOSPHORESCENCE;; or, the Emission of Light by Mine- rals, Plants, and Animals. By Dr. T. L. Pateson, F.C.S, Small 8vo, 225 pp., 830 Wood Engravings and Coloured Frontispiece, 5s. An interesting account of the various substances in nature—mineral, vegetable, and animal—which possess the remarkable property of emitting spontaneous light. ¢ 22 L. REEVE AND CO.’S PUBLICATIONS. THE ZOOLOGY OF THE VOYAGE OF H.M.S. SA- MARANG, under the command of Captain Sir Edward Belcher, C.B., during the Years 1843-46. By Professor OwEN, Dr. J. E. Gray, Sir J. Ricuarp- son, A. Apams, L, Rerve, and A. Wuitz. Edited by ARTHUR ADAMS, F.L.S. Royal 4to, 257 pp., 55 Plates, mostly coloured, £3. 10s. In this work, illustrative of the new species of animals collected during the surveying expedition of H.M.S. Samarang in the Eastern Seas in the years 1843- 1846, there are 7 Plates of Quadrupeds, 1 of Reptiles, 10 of Fishes, 24 of Mol- lusca and Shells, and 13 of Crustacea. The Mollusca, which are particularly in- teresting, include the anatomy of Spiruda by Professor Owen, and a number of beautiful Figures of the living animals by Mr. Arthur Adams. TRAVELS ON THE AMAZON AND RIO NEGRO; with an Account of the Native Tribes, and Observations on the Climate, Geology, and Natural History of the Amazon Valley. By AuFrep R. Wattace, Demy 8vo, 541 pp., with Map and Tinted Frontispiece, 18s. A lively narrative of travels in one of the most interesting districts of the Southern Hemisphere, accompanied by Remarks on the Vocabularies of the Languages, by Dr. R. G. LatHam. A SURVEY OF THE EARLY GEOGRAPHY OF WESTERN EUROPE, as connected with the First Inhabitants of Britain, their Origin, Language, Religious Rites, and Edifices. By Henry Lawzs Lone, Esq. 8vo, 6s. THE GEOLOGIST. A Magazine of Geology, Paleontology, and Mineralogy. llustrated with highly finished Wood - Engravings. Edited by S. J. Mackin, F.G.S., F.S.A. Vols. V. and VI, each, with nu- merous Wood-Engravings, 18s. Vol. VIL., 9s. THE STEREOSCOPIC MAGAZINE. A Gallery for the Stereoscope of Landscape Scenery, Architecture, Antiquities, Natural His- tory, Rustie Character, etc. With Descriptions. 5 vols., each complete in itself and coutaixing 50 Stereographs, £2. 2s, THE ARTIFICIAL PRODUCTION OF FISH. By Pis- carius, Third Edition. 1s, EVERYBODY’S WEATHER-GUIDE. The Use of Me- teorological Instruments clearly Explained, with Directions for Securing at any time a probable Prognostic of the Weather. By A. STEINMETZ, Esq. Author of ‘Sunshine and Showers,’ etc. 1s. SS 2 L. REEVE AND CO.’8 PUBLICATIONS. 23 SERIALS. —_—4> — THE NATURAL HISTORY OF PLANTS. By Pro- fessor BAILLON, with numerous Wood Engravings. Monthly, 2s. 6d. THE BOTANICAL MAGAZINE. Figures and Descrip- tions of New and Rare Plants of interest to the Botanical Student, and suitable for the Garden, Stove, or Greenhouse. By Dr. J. D. Hooker, F.R.S. Published monthly, with 6 Coloured Plates, 3s.6d. Annual Sub- scription, post free, 42s. in advance. TINE FLORAL MAGAZINE. Figures and Descriptions of New Popular Flowers for the Garden, Stove, or Conservatory. By the Rev. H. H. Dompeain. Published monthly, with 4 Coloured Plates, 2s. 6d. Annual Subscription, post free, 31s. 6d. in advance. CONCHOLOGIA ICONICA. By Lovett Resveg, F.L.S., in Double Parts, with 16 Coloured Plates, 20s. CONCHOLOGIA INDICA. The Land and Freshwater Shells of British India. In Parts, with 20 Coloured Plates, 20s. A MONOGRAPH OF ODONTOGLOSSUM. By Jamzs Bateman, F.R.S. Imperial folio, 5 Coloured Plates, 21s. SELECT ORCHIDACEOUS PLANTS. By Roszrr Warner. 8 Coloured Plates, 10s. 6d. RECENTLY PUBLISHED. DOMESTIC BOTANY. By J. Smiru, 16s. ON INTELLIGENCE. By H. Tarne, D.C.L. 18s. THE NATURAL HISTORY OF PLANTS. By Professor Bartton. Vol. I. 25s. BRITISH INSECTS. By E. F. Sraverey. 14s. THE FLORA OF TROPICAL AFRICA. By D. Ottver. Vol. IL, 20s. CONCHOLOGIA INDICA. Part II. 20s. FLORA AUSTRALIENSIS. By G. Bentoam. Vol. V. 20s. BEWICK’S WOODCUTS. By the Rev. T. Hugo. Imp. 4to. £6. 6s. NOAD’S QUALITATIVE ANALYSIS. New Edition, 6s. STERLAND’S BIRDS OF SHERWOOD FOREST. 7s. 6d. BOWDEN’S NATURALIST IN NORWAY. 10s. 6d. WALCOTY’S SACRED ARCHAOLOGY. 18s. rs o > 24 L. REEVE AND CO.’S PUBLICATIONS. FORTHCOMING WORKS. —+ THE YOUNG COLLECTOR'S HANDY BOOK OF BOTANY. By the Rev. H. P. Dunster. [Just ready. THE YOUNG COLLECTOR'S HANDY BOOK OF RECREATIVE SCIENCE. By the Rev. H. P. Dunsten. MONOGRAPH OF ODONTOGLOSSUM. By James Bateman, Esq. Part V. FLORA VITIENSIS. . By Dr. Sremann. Part X. FLORA OF INDIA. By Dr. Hooxer and Dr. Tuomson. THE LAND AND FRESHWATER SHELLS OF BRITISH INDIA. , By S. Haniey and Wa. Taeosatp. Part IIT. NATURAL HISTORY OF PLANTS. By Prof. Baruton. “gs Vol: II. LONDON » L, REEVE & CO, 5, HENRIETTA STREET, COVENT GARDEN. -& PRINTED BY TAYLOR AND CO., LITTLE QUEEN STERET, w.0. Sy