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WEST VIRGINIA

GEOLOGICAL SURVEY

 

PART I.

The Living Flora of West Virginia
By
C. F. MILLSPAUGH

PART IL.

The Fossil Flora of West Virginia
By
DAVID WHITE

I. C. WHITE, State Geologist.
 

WHEELING NEWS LITHO. CO.
WHEELING, W. VA.
1913
GEOLOGICAL SURVEY COMMISSION.

FLENRY 3D) SEAT BRD ts conied dana ah ads wea President
Bes de ION Goes. os et ie Ba Saha Pn aR eee Vice President
TREASURER OF WEST VIRGINIA.

ARCHIBALD: MOORE, ativis gaigitoarinin ed apgaoys Secretary
PRESIDENT, STATE BOARD OF AGRICULTURE.

THOMAS E. HODGES wc cece eee ee wees a Treasurer
PRESIDENT, WEST VIRGINIA UNIVERSITY.

E, DWIGHT SANDERSON .............. Executive Officer
DIRECTOR, STATE AGRICULTURAL EXPERIMENT STATION.

STATE BOARD OF CONTROL.
JANLES:-S, LAKIN: ic ce cccetpeeek ania dee te President
By BST EPEE NSOWN a wceteewian eee okie ace eel aaa Treasurer

JOHN A. SHEPPARD: 6 cc. se cccua asia sheen de Member
 
SCIENTIFIC STAFF.

ly ©. WHITE 2.ncchadeseenpsod beek veins oae *.State Geologist
SUPERINTENDENT OF THE SURVEY.
RAY V. HENNENG ocaueieowtaeeanen eae Assistant Geologist
CHARLES EL KREBS <4 ia caddie Ge ke Assistant Geologist
DAN ID: Be REGER ass cei Wuia ed eae i Assistant Geologist
DVDs BEETS, ] Rose ewer aoe atee es Field Assistant
BE ROE uth. HUGE 2 cegtase ti ti os eadet ene the fie eet Chief Chemist
TAN Bu KRAK oe cee Veet ds era sowed Assistant Chemist
EARL, Ms. HENNEN(: «cc... 220-00 eeme gi dG eae Ge Chief Clerk

TENRIN Ta WILLIAMS sie: ccsaneiniatiasads Stenographer
LETTER OF TRANSMITTAL.

To His Excellency, Hon. Henry D. Hatheld, Governor of West
Virginia, and President of the West Virgina Geological Sur-
vey Commission :

Str: I have the honor to transmit herewith the very inter-
esting work of Dr. C. F. Millspaugh, Curator of Botany in the
Field Museum of Natural History, Chicago, Il., on the Living
Flora of West Virginia, and also the very complete work of Dr.
David White, Associate Curator of Paleobotany in the Smithson-
ian Institution, and Chief Geologist U. S. G. Survey, Washing-
ton, D. C., on the Fossil Flora of West Virginia.

The very exhaustive paper of Dr. Millspaugh which forms
Part I. of this new Volume V(A) of the publications of the West
Virginia Geological Survey, constitutes an entire revision of the
“West Virginia Flora” prepared and published by Dr. Millspaugh
in 1896, as a revision of his first publication of a ‘Preliminary
Catalogue of the Flora of West Virginia,” 1891, published by the
West Virginia Agricultural Experiment Station when Dr. Mills-
paugh was connected with that Institution as Botanist during the
years 1889 to 1892. The present paper embodies the results of
a much wider and later study not only by Dr. Millspaugh through
the works and collections of other authors, but also the results
of Dr. John L. Sheldon’s (Professor of Botany, W. Va. Uni-
versity) recent studies communicated freely to Dr. Millspaugh
for use in this publication, so that a very large addition to the
West Virginia Flora is thus made known to the world by this
“labor of love’ on the part of Dr. Millspaugh, for which all
those interested in the botany of the State will be deeply grate-
ful.

Dr. David White’s paper on the Fossil Flora of West Vir-
ginia which constitutes Part I]. of this volume is the first publi-
cation of its kind made by the State giving a complete list of the
known fossil plants, or the Flora that covered the land and peat
swamps of West Virginia millions of years ago when the vege-
table deposits which now form our coal beds were in process of
LETTER OF TRANSMISSAL. vil

accumulation. These plants are of course all extinct at the pres-
ent time, and only a few of their diminutive relatives and de-
scendants still survive in our ferns, rushes, and club-mosses, since
the Carboniferous Flora herein described lived before the day of
flowering plants, birds and mammals had dawned upon the earth.
Dr. David White, one of tlfe most distinguished of paleobotanists,
has listed these interesting fossil remains in the relation which
they sustain to the well-known Coal beds of the State, and hence
as the fossil plants of each great coal horizon contain in their en-
tirety some types and facies not found in connection with any
other geological horizon, the publication in question cannot fail
to prove of great economic value as an aid in the correlation of
our numerous important coal horizons. The preparation of each
part of this volume by the authors of the same has required an im-
mense amount of careful and painstaking labor, all of which has
been generously donated to the State Geological Survey by the
distinguished authors to whom not only the Survey but all the
people of the State are under lasting obligations for their dis-
interested and most valuable services.

This volume together with Volume V on Forestry and Wood
Industries of the State by A. B. Brooks, published under date of
February Ist, 1911, will furnish a very fair account of the plant
life of the State, and in due time it is hoped finally to add a vol-
ume on the animal life of the State, as provided in the scheme of
general publications contemplated by the Survey.

Very respectfully,
I. C. WHITE, State GEovoctst.

Morgantown, W. Va., June Ist, 1913.
CONTENTS,

V

Members of the Geological Survey Commission and State Board

  

 

 

OF (GOmtrol tee tet recent tae cers a a a se

Members of Scientific Staff

Letter of Transmittal ~-_--__

Mable of Contents: ae aes ere Sn

PART I.

The Living Flora of West Virginia____-__-__-_____-_______-_ 1-389
Botanical Field Work of Previous Authors--_--_--____________ 2-13
Special Features of the West Virginia Flora-__-__.__--_--_--__ 14-18
The: Porest. Tréesor Sylvacs- 425224 es to see ee = 19-23
Systematic Catalogue 2302-2520 S~ sie ee os SOS 24-389

IGNGL 222seee- seca ssssees
Phallaceae
Niditlania@ea@ (2-3 ie eae ee 24
Ty CGperdaCeae® rose naeiel eae ig tee aye oe 24-25
MiWcOraceae: eee Sole ee ee is ee oe 25-26
PeROnOSPOrateae. 22 225 one ea i Se eee 26-27
Entomoplithoracede 2a. a ee re dee ale ee 27
Schizomycétacede ick ask oe sh oN aise Se th tn 27-28
DaAccharomy.cetacedes einen oa SL eee etooeoee 28
Diatomacede soe eine ee ee He pe ieee 28-29
Muyscomycetaceaes 22223... os be ee ee i a es 29-31
Hyphomycetaceae _.--------------- Soewoue stole ee Sete 31-34
Dematiaeede = 22 sees cee es ew et  eectcie 34-42
SUINDACEAE: sek cele a a2 a a es tg ee es es SF 42-44
‘uberculaniaceaé (222222225550 s2ss esse louse tanked a = Soe 44-48
Sphderioidateaé. > 225. 2 see seed ee elea sede esses 49-70
Niectrigidaceate: Aono ens ae a a tt a ee ot) nd 70
eept@stromiaceac.,s 2s seach 2555: Saat eas os ee Aska ene 70-71
Pxcipulac ede: 22s ae te ee eset eat ees
Melanconiaceae
Ustilaginaceae
Wiredinacede:) 232222 2Sc es 2a Sse es oe eee ween
Perisporiaceae
Sphidetiacere. sos senses t hi coe sesso as iete ee
Hypocreaceae
Dethid@ac eae = xs as lateness as 106
Mucrothyriaeeae: -c2c4222s2220 cco o5s nt sees sci ee 106
L@phiostomacede 2232s a Se eee eee eee ed 106-107
CONTENTS. IX

 

 

  

 
 
 

 

Eleluc liiceNe ees 2.52 oa ee Re oe 107-108
PO Z1ZACECAC cera cae hentai a AIA Park Pa na ec i See 108-114
ANSGobolaceae: {24.. 82a 2-2 kae we Oa ee Se ee ete tae a 114-115
Deérmatedeéae..22<2.2s0sssee ecgecee owen oceceee cece 115-116
Bulgariacede: fake ea a ee ey a tenleens ae n ei ce 116-117
GtiGhaCeae: S22 25 cna Se tale ine Red nua awe ee ee, 117
Phacidiacéae acces oe eee nea Sowa a eee eS 117
Patellaria@ede : eck i ea ee ee ee a 117-118
Gyinnoaseaceae (<2 25.5222 s-22- 522 pel sclseceeassccacccness 118
TeyStenla Cea Ca ee ae Ie a J 118-119
PAD ATICACCACS cise cies aie ot cath eet Speen ela a 119-133
Polyporaceae _ 133-142
Fliclita Ce aes Ss on oe ES es oy Veh eS es 142-144
Pele pho@race ae, xcs shee wes oer tee aa ae ee gh 144-148
GlavatiaCeae.cce2 32 t-te nes OP a soe Sate Secale 148-150
TMIGHENES «Jose 82 (2o eh tote eet he a 151-162
Wi sri ae ess og aS a en ae NN ead hl hn ee eld 151-152
PatiieHaceae. 2fc5.2525 Jo ee ese ass 2 these esssssnesetee see 152
Phi sCialeea Chest ae Das A A I i Oe 153
Umbilicariaceae 153
Peltiseracéde.\ <2 = ssc==25. 555 oo ose eb eee 153-154
PanhiatiaCeae: ceo so ee ee ee ee 154
Colleiiacéae: ts) we ee ee bees 154-155
WeCanonaceace censuses seser cso ek ese ee ee ee 155-157
Clad Gtiaéeae 22a ee es Se ASE sie 157-158
Wwecidaceae ss s22 tee se oe ee ee ee eee 158-160
Graphidaceder 2222.0 soo hoon en ee Se ee ot 160-161
@aliciaceae 255 = son ha soos tet thine en oe ice os Bae ole ek Oe 161
Verrucariaceae 162
Trypetheliaceae 162
Pyrenulaceae 162
IN BPATICAE 2s sseec nse ee esse ae Seca ees ec ecees 163-172
RieGlace@ae -ai22 22 sore oe eee ee Se 163
MatrcChantiacede: 2222249 -2s oe eae ss ee ee Sanh se 163-164
Jungermanniaceae- 2220222 occ cee es 164-171
(CR TACHOS VAN es Meee a ie Ss ots ore tee te ps 164-165
(Acrogynae) 165-171
Anthocerotaceae 171-172
Sphaeiacede 222 aaa 2 aes esas Se ai ieee oe 172
Amdtieaeaceae: (== <2 65 2 os ss Ses pe es 172
NIUSGM spessses 2b eee 2S See ee lS oe eee ees 173-190
Dicranacéde 22258 ere ee ee Sa es 173-176
eucobryacéae: 2652-55 esse cetenescedsesoee tesa eles 176
FPissidentacedew2nsaneusissece ee ee eee ee 176

Jenigalyptacede:, 242.32 63S See alm A es ot 176-177
CONTENTS.

 

 

 

 

 

POttiaceae: 22552 so eon aa a 5 5 Bee CII See 177
(Grimmidced esse A eer ee ee nln te pan 177
Orthotnichacede:;-os2eSssuc 72 te a oe oe oe 177-178
Ma RIACEAe?. 2250025 See eo a ei ee eS 178-179
Bryacedé) x25 sense see ee eee te st eee ~--179-180
Minideedé: (2c ois nt ale le he na et oe tt 180
Auila@ominiacede: 22c- 0 oe a ee 180
Bartrainia@ea @ ces < <= ea beat pn ss hag yn a 180-181
WiehenaGéaes uohu se eon ee Boze eee oS ee 181
Buxbauinideeaes s2sc 2 ose oo oe cub Sewacweteus 181
Ge Or Place ae ax ee ee ee KU oe et 181
Polytrichiaceae 181-182
Hedwigiaceae 182
Hontinalaceaé? assess oe bee et eee een 182
(Chiat ede a2 2 8 ek ak Epes aoa ale Se no Bi ee pend 182
TeencodOntaceaen 22-2 Seas SG at lal 183
IN éckeraceae¢ 8 eee ne atte Se ere he 183
abroniatede: iao2 sof atte Ast te ee ae a eee Soe 183
Entodontacede. coe ose oe ee ates eee see 183-184
TEL @ lee tere Ce at Oy aca pn Fn acer fa ls rt alan Gn pn tt 184
IPeskeaceder<2= 5 Scere yee oe es oe ee ae eo 184-185
(iyp Wace esr Sea SR a eh Se oe 185-189
Sematophyllaceae-q.2-s2s2sene2 eo ene eee Sehesayayeasi nates esa 220 189
Brachytheciaceae 189-190
Ophioslossacede: 22550 2G.o os oe eee es 190
PRERED @ PIV TAs ates oe dan dren wg wh ee Pot Le tease Lene 191-198
Wali@esr evs oe foe SS on ee ee ee A ae a a he he ele 191-197
LUISE tAC ea Ct fa See ee a Se 197
Dycopodiaceie esee cen s eee ee a ee i ee de 197-198
peldsinellacéae a -sirts ee a se eo ee Neh an, 198
(GMIENOSPERIWAR 20205235 S220 5 5525 ok Sea eee ee 199-389
Pinaceae aecnn tee ee ei oe Se 199-201
Waxdceae- ose easiest oth eee ee Sek ot 201
DRY PM ACCA Sy 2 oe oe a Abe ee eo ee Geo aS 201
Spareaniacese | wsewr es see eters aces pees es 202
POtamosétonaceae: ons ee ee sa 202
ScCheuichzeridGeaéq => secs sean Shea a a 202
ATISmaCede vases Sessa eee sss eee eases eee = 2082808
Wallisneriaceaeys o-oo tee ene S ae tS 203
PIV GGOCHAlibACea Gt Ww aan0 Cfo de to Se ne eee ee REE Son EL, 203
Gramineae 203-216
Cyperaceae 217-223
WPACCAGs edad ese w oe see ee Ges Oe he en el 223-224
Jiemnaceaes eee pbs eens cheese Seeee a eees eae seee sees 224
Gommirieltnace ae: St a Fe a eather AE 224-225

WMINGACEACs, oie Sade eee dete 225-226
CONTENTS. xi

 

 

 

 

 

Melaithatede: 2 soe iG ot ce ee et 226-227
Tea aG@eae.. oe a tp a 227-229
Convallaridcede. 2-2 ee eel a ee ~-229-232
Silaceade: (nees = As 2 ee eee oe 232
Ammatyllidaceaé, |... 22a se ese ee ss es see ee 232
Dioscoteacede: 222223. Sanh eats secs es cele e esas 232-233
Weidaeeae: 2525 252 SS ee ye ee ee ee Se 233
Orchidaceae: <2 4 wana le eae es it 233-236
Saururaceae ~--------------------------------------------- 237
Juolandaceae> 222220 oo oa a eS ee Bee ee 237
Salicacede: .o--42s- senor es See a eee 237-238
Myrica@ede: 225 aut seeded Sete es ee ee ee hed ee 239
Betnlaéede.o soo 22eso sen Oia 239-240
AS ACCA aici et arte ee Ses 240-241
WsihinaGeAe: Sh oe otek SO at ate oe eS oe i hd ---. 242
WI ORA CER Cs oe I NS a 242
MT et GAC Oa OE ie a an hs awd Nala we ahi ein mw in pen 243
Te@TamthaCeaes (2212 so 25S ase oe ne Re as ee ee a ee 244
Santalacea e225) ee eee, mode
Aristolochiaceae ~~ 244-245
Poly g@onacea@: 22-32-22 sec bake etna tn ns oe une ee ae wl oe 245-247
Chenopodiaceaé: 22.2 -sesaaa 2 Sooo eee eee eS 247-248
Attra rattle ale apn iu to ye a a a haa ce fa eg ms Saeed 248
IPhytolaccacedeyc< 42 esos as Se eRe At see Oe ea 248
AizOaceae. se a ee Sa 248
POrttlacede: execs ee he Be ee eae eee! 248-249
Caryophyllaceae _- 249-251
INymphateacede: 22555 Sa 252
Macnoliacedé: 2 cece mes Se ese a eee 252-253
AMON Cede. 2 kee Nees 2 oe 8 ee bi a ete es NSE 253-254
Rantinewlacéae: cs2i.c2c2cce> ce Soest eee ees oes 254-259
Bet Cri aC Cae at an wi thr aE eh hh ee ae 260
Mienirspermacede:. f= so ee Ft a 5 ree i ea 260-261
Calycanthaceae -- esos. -26L
edtitacede seems eee eee sewer ee eee see ese 261
Papaveraceae ---------------------------------------------261-263
Brassicacede -(Crucitérae)) 225-2 cs 2se- es ge ee 263-267
Gapparidaceaé; 222-2 se-veeeseesesssseseseetewsecsedeectetes 267
Drosénacede: ns siees. So Se et eee Sas 267
Podostemonacéde: tccese qe Sa be a2 ho i ee 267-268
Grassulaceae 2so-ses ee sss ecdke aes seen Sse cee eee 268
Penthonaceaé: sssen 026 ssh eh ee eo ee ee ee Gass 268
Pantiassiacedé, Sosea--en naan ot asse eases costae aoe 268
Saxifragacedé: anes 2 sees se rcceseae ses Set ee 269-270
Grossulariacede} so eo en 270-271

Famanielidacéae. o222- =e seses tte eee eee See aces, 27)
Xil

 

 

 

CONTENTS.
Patria CC earth rash ahs ath dd wae Er te ew a ochre ya 272
INOSACEAG: Wie 2 SS ee ats Tee os sa ates 2 etn oe te 272-279
IP OiaACEa GSoC 279-282
DP UpaGe ae: sit een sea eee we tale pe atc a Gala ah om ne si ein 282
Gaesal pinaceae: 2sicsss sce cesses sso se eo or ese 282-283
Papiliomdcéae 6s 2S 284-296
GERIARIACO aE: acetal = at eee a a cael perso 290-291
Omalidacea@ a. as eee oe dels eee eet seen! 291
dimacede: “Ga sses eee ea ee ee 292
FRUTEUC CAS eet at lt cen at er see lh 292
pulllatuDaced G2 2's oan 8 Sess <2 be eeu sae l 293
Poly@alacene. a222esS22u Goce Se ee 2 Se ee 293-294
Euphorbiaceae 294-295
Callitrichaceae 296
Impetnaceae. S203 eS eo soe ea SawecRLSoS 296
Buxaceae 2<.5-2-s25= 296
Limnanthaceae 296
Mmacandideeae: So2eo2s 2s ose oa Se ee 296-297
INCIATEO ACE AS part seed Ae tern sch ade aces te eet A ere fan Sanh 298
@elastraceae: 210s seks eS Se evs ee te 298-299
SlaphVledeeae 28 5a Se ol oe ee ee 299
UNCORACE AC ends blr aS fetch elena meclenrepcdic we aan a el 299-300
Sapindaceae _____- MOT SIN oass IA LM ohn 2 Sa etn Ske a se a, 300-301
Balsaminaceéaé: o2233526 22252 oe soe Soo a eae cee 301
Rhaninacede. .-22 temas ee ee ae eta Sst 301-302
WitaGea eh os ree ee ae be eee ee 302-303
SACRA Gs Son en ee een 2 nS oan ease 303
Malvaceae) sie Hee eee tees eet leet 303-304
FIV PCrICACEAG: con ten. sink ek Mie a oe oo eee ee ve oen 304-306
(CIStACCAE: ou @ <n athe oe oe oe 8 306
Wi OlaCede! 2s aon no tk ete SSS a es ete se etree Se tals 306-309
PassifiOTaceae: aot 2 025 oon ee le 309
Gactiacede: sos- =a eet ae Posen ese aac ea tee es he See 309
Mhyineldedteder 22s. 22a Soo ee ae eee 309
Lythraceaé@ i2.28- 309-310
IWEGIASt OImac eae: <2 ters se sen Te BRE Se 310
Qnagiatede) 2222s: see ee ee ce Ses ee ee ee 310-313
Wraliaceae. .22n-2 scenes ete e el ee ee a 314
Apiaceae: (Umibelliterde) .22.s2s222 224 su eso ote 315-320
Comatede: oo225 32206 SS Se ee a ee ese 320-321
Glethra Gen et cate tr hos oth pe ee Ad 321
Py GOlACeAG: @ =a ttn 32S oils les e228 Sree has oe 321-322
Monotropaéede: sesssecceo cease conte ceeeea ss eee 322
Een i CAC e aes eet eer ee ee wa el wee ine Sos Cee i ROO 8015,
WiACIIACCAG a2 venti em oa ete et eae ea Cee oe eee 325-326
Diapensidcede aos senecszeseeo ea secas Gee ee eee es 327

Primulacede: eesti Os ee eee os Bi Ne it BOP IOS
The Fossil Flora of West Virginia

CONTENTS. Xi

 

 

Esbénacéad: ics sec a he Sn oe 328
Sty nacacede: <u aeias Sos ee 328
QCA C Ca Ca i a errs rae iain a, aa ae aan a lcyres Sed eRe 328-329
Doeaniacede: s<o- 32522 Sse Se a ease cetueeen dese 329
Gentianacedes 225 ewe ee ne wee 330
Menvanthacede:/2aoe eae hae wea ee eee 331
ANPOCYHacCed ea s5 =e ks ek saa eb sae us sash ie booasees 331
ANsclepiadaceae: oosc2 sees ee ee oe ee 331-333
Gonvyolviilacede: 222 )jonee 2 Soeee seein St oe fe 333-334
GlsGUtaceae: =~ ere eno sels te Sean Be eee 335
Polémoniaeéae:. coe a Sn ees 335-336
Fiydrophy lac eae) cnn ot 5 niles rela eer he al 2 336-337
BOracindcede . sets one ee EN sae ee een ee tesco Pen 337-339
Werbenaceae: 222525520. oon sna an nse e see cece ees 340
Wea TATA C cen ohare ers rcp er ha Wie penal acer peel sin a sn 340-347
Solanaceae: “s22 450s es het ee eat oe eee need 347-350
Seroplivlarniaeeae 2 oo sk ee 350-354
Lentibilariaceaé. <2 ia eee ae it aya 355
Osobanchatede: == 2545 2h nes es sein a ee oa 355
BignOmaceael. 25.8625 62 Go ees 355-356
Acanthatede) <n ee ae ass eee a ee ee 356
Phiinaced ess st ees Fete te te ek oe aoe st 357
Plintasindced® 23-2225 bss casncn ks note 357
Rea taG Cae gists ee a eet II lal he 357-360
Caprifoliaceae

Valerianaceae

Dipsdcdcede:” 2255S aoe es eho eee aS ree
GCUGURD IAC Cale ae eB ohn hh rah ted ARLE Rep a with shh awaits 363
Waimipanulacede. £2520 s = Se a a ok ee oy 364-366
GTC OPA CCAS 2 na San ei AI a ee ae ay, ar 366-369
AMmbROSIACEae? 22st wa ee een ee eh 369
Cardwacede: <5 kt fa ale i a ok oe 370-389

PART IT.

390-453

 

Ind@x:to: Pant Ik.co.2- 5 os on nen Eee te een ne Se SRI 454-486
Summary: of} Patt 22: coe were cbsscne eon see ses sset ties seces 487
Index: to: Part Wii2: 2225208 ote cere ee oe Soh Le 488-491
PART I.
The Living Flora of West Virginia

By C. F. MILLSPAUGH

The State of West Virginia comprises about 24,170 square
miles of territory lying between 37°30’ and 40°30’ north latitude,
and 0°45’ and 5°30’ west longitude from Washington. Its out-
line of varied boundaries has become a synonym for irregularity,
as a glance at the accompanying map will show; it might also
comprise the topography, suggesting as it does an immense field
over which a gigantic plow has left a confused maze of deep and
irregular furrows. This topographical condition is mainly due
to the great number.of mountain ranges and a vast network of
rapid streams, that, rising in the higher altitudes of the eastern
and southern borders, pass in varied and tortuous courses through
the State, to augment the Ohio on the west and northwest, and
the Potomac on the northeast.

Along the low, as well as the lofty mountain ranges, there is
comparatively little tableland, and in the wedge-like valleys there
is a like absence of extensive bottoms, except along Tygart’s
Valley River in Randolph County, the Great Kanawha and the
Ohio. Although there are many mountain glades, some nearly
dry and others swampy, plainly indicating their late occupancy by
small lakes, there is today neither pond nor lake within the
limits of the State, and very little if any stagnant water.

As the major portion of the State lies west of the Allegha-
nies, the climate is much like that of western Pennsylvania, par-
taking little indeed of that southern atmosphere that we are
wont to associate with the name Virginia.

The prevailing soil of the hills and valleys is stiff clay, and
sandy and clayey alluvium, over which there is in general but
2 THE WEST VIRGINIA FLORA

little loam. The clay of the more open steep hillsides is so
unctuous and unstable that frequent landslides occur during
Spring, sometimes of great extent. This subsidence renders the
valley streams muddy throughout the year. The rocks are
principally sandstone and limestone, with some outcroppings of
shales on the northeastern heights. The special features of very
fertile and quite sterile soils, varied altitude and the vast areas
of primitive forests, yield a flora of great variety, often widely
differing at points only a few miles apart.

The amount of exploration necessary to gain a full knowl-
edge of the flora under these conditions becomes an arduous un-
dertaking, though the interest in searching an almost virgin field
is so deep as to greatly lighten the labor.

BOTANICAL FIELD WORK IN THE STATE.

That several of the early Pennsylvanian, Virginian and
North Carolinian Botanists, including Peter Kalm, John Fraser,
John Clayton, Thomas Nuttall, John Mitchell and others, col-
lected within the eastern borders of the State is reasonably cer-
tain, though I have not been able, so far, to establish their lo-
calities with any degree of certainty. There is great difficulty
in jocating West Virginian stations in the field work of the very
early Botanists from the fact that most of their notes and labels
read simply “Virginia.” Previous to 1784 Virginia extended
indefinitely from the Atlantic to any point beyond the Ohio River,
while the border lines of West Virginia were not established
until 1863. Then, too, the country was so thinly settlemented
and localities so uncertainly named that ascribing definite geo-
graphic place to collected plants was impossible to the knapsack
traveller.

The following chronologic tabulation gives all the informa-
tion that I have been able to compile upon the field work of
botanists within the State.

(1) Awnpre Micraux, the renowned French Botanist (who traveled
extensively in North Carolina, Virginia, Kentucky and Lllinois;
even North into Canada and South into Florida and _ the
Bahamas); made many journeys, under conditions of great
hardship and no little danger, along the out confines of the
‘mountain borders of West Virginia; especially in the New
River region of southwestern Virginia. He is credited by one
of his biographers with field work in the contiguous West
WEST VIRGINIA GEOLOGICAL SURVEY 3

Virginia counties, but his carefully and explicitly kept Journal
does not bear out such a conclusion. He did however collect
at Harpers Ferry, Charlestown and Summit Point, in Jeffer-
son County, and at Wheeling, Buffalo Point, and the mouth of
the Little Kanawha River, on his journey to Kentucky and
Illinois in 1793. His collections are in the Herbarium of the
Museum of Paris.

(2) Matruias Kin, a German nurseryman and collector, took up his
residence in Philadelphia and from there made many extensive
excursions for the purpose of collecting living plants and seeds
for horticultural purposes. During these trips he also pre-
served plants for herbarium material. About the year 1800 he
collected extensively from Cumberland, Md., through the Ty-
garts River Valley in Randolph County. His exact localities
are in doubt as his labels are eccentrically written in “Pennsyl-
vania Dutch.” The prime set of his collections of dried plants
is in the Royal Botanical Garden, Berlin.

(3) Frepertck PursH, a noted German Botanist (born in Russia) es-
tablished himself in Philadelphia in 1799. From there he made
many important botanical explorations. His most interesting
collections were made in the vicinity of Harpers Ferry, Jeffer-
son County; and in Greenbrier and Monroe Counties in the
neighborhood of White Sulphur and Sweet Springs in 1805.
His prime collection is in the Herbarium of the Royal Botani-
cal Gardens at Kew, London.

(4) (CoNnsTANTINE SAMUEL) RAFINESQUE (SCHMALTZ), the eccentric
Franco-German naturalist (Born in Turkey), immigrated to
Philadelphia in 1802. In 1818, on his way to Kentucky, he col-
lected plants at Wheeling, Williamstown and Point Pleasant:
and on his return walked from Wheeling to Kenilworth through
Ohio, Brooke and Hancock Counties, collecting throughout the
route. In 1819 he collected afoot along the Potomac River
from Harpers Ferry to Cumberland, Md., through Jefferson,
Berkeley, Morgan and Hampshire Counties. In 1825 he again
collected in Ohio County from Valley Grove to Wheeling; and
later, starting from Cumberland, he followed the South Branch
of the Potomac from its mouth through Hampshire, Hardy,
and Pendleton Counties to the South Fork Mountains, where
he “collected many fine plants.” From here he crossed the
county and the mountains to Virginia. In 1832 he again col-
lected in Jefferson County in the neighborhood of Harpers
Ferry. While his collections were undoubtedly large, and very
valuable, their numerical strength is unknown as -his private
herbarium has never been found. Some of his duplicates are
in the herbaria of the University of Pennsylvania and the
Philadelphia Academy of Sciences.

(4a) Dr. Wrttam E. A. Arkin of Baltimore, Maryland, collected in
the neighborhood of Harpers Ferry, Jefferson County, about the
year 1832. The extent and disposition of his collections is at
present unknown. I have seen but one specimen of his, that in
Dr. Torrey’s herbarium, New York Botanical Garden.

(5) Gray, Carey anp Constante. Dr. Asa Gray, John Carey and
John Constable, on their collecting trip to the mountains of
THE WEST VIRGINIA FLORA

Southwestern Virginia and North Carolina in 1841, passed
through Jefferson County from Harpers Ferry to the Virginia
line. Although West Virginia plants are here and there credited
to them it is certain that they did not collect within the bor-
ders of the State.

(6) Gray anp Sutiivant. Dr. Asa Gray and W(illiam) S(tarling)

(7)

(8)

(9)

(10)

(11)

(12)

Sullivant collected through the Allegheny mountains from
Maryland to Georgia in 1843. While I am unable to outline
their route with exactness, yet it is certain that they collected
along the old Stauton Pike, from Tygarts Valley through the
Cheat Mountains, via Cheat Bridge and Travelers Repose; along
the upper reaches of the Kanawha River; and at Big Spring
in Mercer County. Just how much material they collected in the
State there is no way of determining. Their plants are in the
Gray Herbarium of the Cambridge Botanical Gardens, Cam-
bridge, Mass.

I(saac) F(arwett) Hotton collected extensively from Charles-
ton, Kanawha County, to Hawks Nest, Fayette County, in Octo-
ber, 1849. The full number of plants collected by him is un-
known: 50 are in the Herbarium of the Field Museum of
Natural History. Hus private Herbarium was deposited in that
of Columbia University and is now at the New York Botanical
Garden.

Pror. W(itt1aM) H(enry) Brewer, while Professor of Botany
at Yale, in 1860, made a collection of plants in Ohio County in
the vicinity of Wheeling, and Brooke County near Bethany.
The amount of material he secured is unknown to me; it is
deposited in the Herbarium of Yale University.

W(ittrAm) M(arrtott) Cansy, an extensive Botanical collector
late of Wilmington, Del., made a small collection in Taylor
County, near Grafton, in 1868. The details of his collecting
in the State I have not been able to determine. His plants
are deposited in the Herbarium of the New York College of
Pharmacy.

J. S. Merrram made a collection of plants in Jefferson County in
the vicinity of Harpers Ferry in 1871. The extent of his col-
lecting I have not yet been able to determine. His specimens
are deposited in the U. S. National Herbarium, Washington,

Dr. T(imorHy) F(terp) AtLten, of New York, collected in July
1872,.0n Kates Mountain and at other points in the neighbor-
hood of White Sulphur Springs. His plants are deposited in the
Herbarium of the New York Botanical Garden. (See also Allen
and Britton).

‘J(osepH) F(rAncIs) JAMES, of Ohio, spent about two weeks in

187%, investigating the Flora of the region of the Guyandotte and
Great Kanawha Rivers from Huntington to Kanawha Falls and
the Hawks Nest; and the region of Loup Creek, in Fayette
County. The amount of material that he collected is not
known to me. His plants are in the Gray Herbarium and the
Cryptogamic Herbarium at Harvard University.
(13)

(14)

(15)

(16)

(17)

(18)

(19)

(20)

WEST VIRGINIA GEOLOGICAL SURVEY 5

E. Ricuarpson collected in Ohio County in the vicinity of Wheel-
ing, in 1877 and 1879; and the neighborhood of Bethany, Brooke
County, in 1878. The cxtent of his collections is not known
to me at this writing. His plants are deposited in the U. S.
National Herbarium, Washington, D. C.

Mertz & GutTenperG. Profs. H. N. Mertz and Gustav Guttenberg,
of Wheeling and Pittsburg, collected extensively from 1877 to
1888 through all the northern counties of the State from Wheel-
ing to Harpers Ferry. They published, in 1878, “A Check List
of the Plants of West Virginia” in which they enumerated 590
species. Their collections are deposited in the herbarium of the
Carnegie Museum, Pittsburg.

Mertz & Jones. Prof. H. N. Mertz and Miss Hattie Jones made a
comprehensive collection of the plants of Cranberry Summit,
Preston County, in 1878. Their specimens are preserved in the
herbarium of the Carnegie Museum, Pittsburg.

Pror. CHA(RLE)S R(em) Barnes, late professor of Physiological
Botany, University of Chicago, spent a short time, in June, 1879,
collecting along the Kanawha River from Charleston to Gauley
Bridge, principally in the neighborhood of Charleston. His
collections are in the Herbarium of Wabash College. (See his
“Notes from West Virginia” in Botanical Gazette Vol. 4:181-2,
1879).

Pror. Joon M(erte) Courter, Professor of Botany, University of
Chicago, conducted, while Professor of Biology at Wabash Col-
lege, Indiana, an excursion of his class in Geology, to the mining
regions of southern West Virginia, in 1879. On this trip he
collected a few interesting plants from Charleston, Kanawha
County, to Gauley Bridge, Fayette County. His specimens are
deposited in the herbarium of Wabash College.

CapTaAIN JoHN DoNNELL-SMITH spent his summers, from 1879 to
1882, at Oakland, Md., from whence he made occasional short
trips to various points in West Virginia, especially those reached
by the Baltimore & Ohio Railroad. During these excursions he
collected such plants as appeared to be of special interest, par-
ticularly at Tygarts Valley, Mannington and Grafton. His plants
are in his private herbarium now deposited in the U. S. National
Herbarium, Washington, D. C

C(yrus) G(uERNSEY) PRINGLE, the noted botanical collector, late of
Charlotte, Vt., made a small but interesting collection at White
Sulphur Springs, in Greenbrier County, and in the neighborhood
of Ronceverte, in Fayette County, in 1880. The exact number of
his specimens is not known to me at this writing; they are de-
posited in his private herbarium now at the University of Ver-
mont.

3 t

Porter & Reprietp. Prof. Tho(ma)s C(onrad) Porter and Mr.
J(ohn) H(oward) Redfield collected from White Sulphur
Springs, Greenbrier County, to Hawks Nest, Fayette County, in
1880. The numerical strength of their separate collections I
have not been able to determine. Prof. Porter’s plants are in
the herbarium of Lafayette College, Easton, Pa.; those of Mr.
(21)

(22)

(23)

(24)

(25)

(26)

(27)

(28)

THE WEST VIRGINIA FLORA

Redfield in the herbarium of the Philadelphia Academy of
Sciences.

Dr. Auc(ustinE) D(awson) Sevsy, Botanist of the Ohio Agricul-
tural Experiment Station, collected plants in 1885 to 1887 in his
neighborhood while Superintendent of Schools at Huntington,
Cabell County. He also extended his plant observations up the
Kanawha River as far as Kanawha Falls in Fayette County.
His plants are in his private herbarium,

S(aMvuEL) B(oarpMAN) Brown, Professor of Geology, West Vir-
ginia University, formerly Principal of the Normal School at
Glenville, collected a large number of plants in Berkeley and
Gilmer counties from 1885 to 1890. Of these he preserved about
100 specimens which are still in his possession.

(CuHartes) Davin Wuite, Geologist of the U. S. Geological Survey,
while engaged in paleobotanical collection in various portions of
the State from 1886 to 1894, collected a few recent plants, princi-
pally ferns; these are deposited in the U. S. National Herbarium,
Washington, D. C.

Miss Verona Mapet, then Preceptress of the High School at Glen-
ville, Gilmer County, collected largely in her immediate neigh-
borhood from 1888 to 1901. Her material, consisting of about
355 species (not including common weeds nor the grasses and
sedges), is deposited in the herbarium of the school mentioned.

Dr. Rosencrans WorKMAN, a Physician at Bayard, Mineral County,
collected a representative series of the flowering plants of his
immediate neighborhood from 1888 to 1891. His material (which
he loaned me for examination in 1891) is in his private pos-
session.

WuyFlELp E. Hit, notes in “Garden and Forest” (Vol. 3: 182-183,
1890), a few plants from Fairview, Hancock County, observed
in 1889. Whether he has preserved a collection of plants from
his region I am unable to determine at this writing.

Dr. H(amitton) McS(pvarrtin) GAMBLE, a Physician at Moorefield,
Hardy County, did considerable herbalizing in connection with
zoological field work in the valley of the South Branch of the
Potomac River, and its water shed in Hardy, Grant, Mineral and
Hampshire counties from 1889 to 1910. He donated his plant
collection of 157 species (in 1891) to the herbarium of the \West
Virginia Agricultural Experiment Station, at Morgantown, where
it is now deposited.

M(erton) B(enway) Waitt, Pathologist, Bureau of Plant Indus-
try, U. S. Department of Agriculture, spent about a week, in
1889, in Fayette and Greenbrier Counties, in the collection of
parasitic fungi. He secured about 300 numbers at Kanawha Falls
and about 200 at White Sulphur Springs. As his plants were
distributed in the herbaritm of the Bureau, unlisted, they are
unfortunately unavailable for this publication. In 1911 he col-
lected a few numbers of like material in Berkeley County, near
Gerrardstown; and Morgan County, at Sleepy Creek, Paw Paw
and Hancock. His plants are deposited, as above indicated, in
the herbarium of the U. S. Bureau of Plant Industry.

°
WEST VIRGINIA GEOLOGICAL SURVEY 7

(28a) W(aLter) B(ruce) Nurvrer, an attorney-at-law ‘of Buckhannon,
collected for his personal pleasure in Upshur, Lewis, Gilmer and
Randolph Counties from 1890 to 1897. His herbarium of about
700 specimens is in his personal possession.

(29) Dr. J(oHN) K(CuNnKEL) Sm att, of the New York Botanical Garden,
spent about a week in the neighborhood of Cumberland, Mary-
land, with special reference to collecting in the contiguous Penn-
sylvania field in 1890. During this work he made several trips
across the Potomac River into Mineral County, where he col-
lected about 50 specialized plants; these are now in the her-
barium of the New York Botanical Garden. (See also Small &
Brown).

(30) Mrs. N. L. Britton (E. G. Britton) collected a number of mosses
in August, 1890, in the neighborhood of White Sulphur Springs,
Greenbrier County. These are deposited in the Moss Herbarium
of the New York Botanical Garden.

(31) Dr. C(martes) F(repertck) MILLspauGH, Curator of Botany, Field
Museum of Natural History, Chicago, began in 1890 a systematic
survey of the plant life of the State. In the work he visited
several localities in nearly every county. On one trip he drove
through Wood, Wirt, Calhoun, Gilmer, Lewis, Upshur, Randolph,
Webster, Nicholas, Fayette, Kanawha, Putnam and Jackson
counties collecting leisurely througkout. During his field work,
covering two seasons, he collected 1580 numbers; these are pre-
served in the herbarium at the West Virginia Experiment Station
with more or less full duplicate sets in the herbarium of the New
York Botanical Garden and that of the Field Museum of Natural
History. (See his “Preliminary Catalogue of the Flora of West
Virginia 1891" and “Flora of West Virginia 1896’).

(32) Dr. N(atHanreL) L(orp) Britton collected one day in August,
1890, in the neighborhood of White Sulphur Springs, securing
about 40 interesting numbers; he again collected the same region
in 1898, obtaining about the same number of specimens. Both
of these collections are deposited in the herbarium of the New
York Botanical Garden. (See Allen & Britton).

(33) Mr. L(awrence) W(ittiam) Nutratt, then a mine owner at Nut-
tallburg, Fayette County, spent most of his spare time from
business duties, from 1890 to 1898, in botanical field and labora-
tory work on the Flora of his neighborhood. His large collec-
tions, mostly of fungi, are in his private herbarium though a con-
siderable duplicate series including his types in Lichenes are in
the herbarium of the Field Museum of Natttral History. His
types in Fungi are in the Ellis Herbarium, now at the New York
Botanical Garden. (See Millspaugh & Nuttall, “Flora of West
Virginia”).

(34) Smatt & Brown. Hon. Addison Brown and Dr. J. K. Small spent
about a week, in July, 1892, in Greenbrier County, in an explora-
tion of Kates Mountain and the vicinity of White Sulphur
Springs. The resulting material, about 150 plants, is now in the
herbarium of the New York Botanical Garden.

(35) Dr. A(xprew).D(etmar) Hopkins, Forest Entomologist of the U.
S. Department of Agriculture, has taken special interest in col-
(36)

(37)

(38)

(39}

(40)

(41)

(42)

THE WEST VIRGINIA FLORA

lecting unusual plants during bis many trips in various portions
of the State, from 1892 to 1902, in pursuit of his entomological
studies. His plants are deposited in the herbarium of the West
Virginia Agricultural Experiment Station, with duplicates in the
Herbarium of the Field Museum of Natural History.

Pror. A(mos) A(rtHUR) HELLER, of the University of Nevada, did
considerable plant collection on Kates Mountain and the neigh-
borhood of White Sulphur Springs in Greenbrier County in 1893.
A set of his plants is deposited in the herbarium of the Field
Museum of Natural History with the balance of his private her-
barium.

L(®e) C(LevELAND) CorBett, while engaged in forest field work
for the West Virginia Agricultural Experiment Station, collected
a number of plants from 1894 to 1896; these are in the herbarium
of the Station.

W(itrtram) Mc(Catty) Pottocx, while a student at the Univer-
sity of West Virginia, collected largely, from 1895 to 1897, in
Lewis, Upshur, Preston, Pocahontas, Taylor and Wood c:nnties,
and from 1898 to 1899 in Monongalia County. The full num-
ber of plants he secured amounted to about 1700 specimens. His
prime series was accidentally destroyed. Sets of over a hun-
dred duplicates are in the herbaria of the Field Museum ot
Natural History, New York Botanical Garden, and US.
National Museum.

W(itt1am) E(arLte) Rumsey, of the Department of Entomology,
University of West Virginia, collected a considerable number
of plants in various parts of the State while engaged in ento-
mological field work, from 1894 to 1899. His plants are in the
herbarium of the West Virginia Agricultural Experiment Station

Aten & Britron. Drs. T. F. Allen and Nathaniel L. Britton
collected for one full day in May, 1897, in the neighborhood
of White Sulphur Springs, Greenbrier County. They secured
from 40 to 50 species of especial interest, which were deposited
in the herbarium of Columbia University, now a part of the
herbarium of the New York Botanical Garden. (See also
1872 T. F. Allen, and 1890 N. L. Britton).

Rev. A. Bouttou, of Fairmont, Marion County, spent consid-
erable of his spare time, from 1897 to 1907, in botanizing in
his immediate neighborhood and in Taylor, Monongalia and
Preston Counties. His collections are in his private possession
though many of his interesting finds are represented in the
herbarium of the Field Museum of Natural History.

Pror. Epw(arn) L(£e) Greene, of the U. S. National Herbarium,
has spent a day or so once or twice each year, from 1897 to
July, 1912, in Jefferson County, in the vicinity of Harpers
Ferry. His collecting in this region has been of a highly dis-
criminating character, confined to selecting only such plants as
appeared to differ from the usual form. His specimens are in
the U. S. National Herbarium, with a few particularly inter-
esting duplicates in the herbarium of the Field Museum of
Natural History.
(43;

(44)

(45)

(46)

(47)

(48)

(49)

WEST VIRGINLA\ GEOLOGICAL SURVEY 9

Epwarp S(triesy) STEELE spent the latter half of August and
the first half of September, 1898, collecting, with the aid of
Mrs. Steele, in the neighborhood of Aurora, Preston County.
He secured about 325 numbers, the first set of which he de-
posited in the U. S. Naticnal Herbarium.

In 1903, and again in 1905, he collected near Old Sweet
Springs, Monroe County; in 1906 he spent one day at White
Sulphur Springs, Greenbrier County, searching particularly for
plants of the genus Laciniaria. In 1910, while collecting in
Garret County, Maryland, he utilized a small part of his time
gathering specimens across the line in Grant County, W. Va.;
this he also did in 1911, in Hardy County, while occupied prin-
cipally on the Virginia slopes of North Mountain, near Orkney
Springs. Those later collections are also deposited in the U. S.
National Herbarium, Washington.

Pottarp & Maxon,. Charles L(ouis) Pollard and William R(alph)
Maxon collected during the latter part of August, 1899, in
Fayette County, near Quinnimont and in Summers County,
near Lowell. Of the 125 numbers they secured about 30 were
new to the Flora of the State as known at that date. Their
plants are deposited in the U. S. National Herbarium, Wash-
ington, D. C. (See “Proceedings of the Biological Society of
Washington, Vol. 14:161-163).

E(pwarp) L(yman) Morris, Curator, Brooklyn Institute Museum,
while engaged in field work for the U. S. Fish Commission in
1900, made a collection of plants in that region of the State
lying south of the New, Greenbrier and Kanawha: Rivers in
Summers, Monroe, Mercer, McDowell, Raleigh and Wyoming
Counties. His collection of 397 numbers was made in July and
August of a particularly dry season; it is deposited in the
National Herbarium, Washington, D. C. (See his ‘Some
Plants of West Virginia” in the Bulletin of the Biological So-
ciety of Washington, Vol. 13:171-182 (1900).

Henry C(urtis) BEARDSLEE spent the Summer of 1900 collecting
principally fleshy fungi, in the neighborhood of Brookside, Pres-
ton County. His collections, numbering about 600 specimens, are
in his private herbarium at Asheville, N. C. (See his “Notes
on the Boleti of West Virginia” in “Torreya.” Vol. I: 37-39).

Captain K. D. Wacker, of Fairmont, West Virginia, contributed
a few plants of his collecting to the West Virginia .Experiment
Station, in 1891. They are from Little Falls, Monongalia County,
and are deposited in the herbarium of the Station.

C(urtis) G(ates) Lioyp, of the Lloyd Herbarium, Cincinnati,
Ohio, collected for about a fortnight at Eglon, Preston County,
in 1901. His specimens, principally fungi, are preserved in the
Lloyd Herbarium, Cincinnati, Ohio.

Pror. W(i1t1am) A(sHBRooK) KELLERMAN, late professor of
Botany in the University of Ohio, collected, principally fungi.
at Durbin and Marlinton, Pocahontas County, in August, 1902.
J am unfortunately unable to establish the extent of or locate his
specimens at this time.
10

(50)

(51)

(52)

(53)

(54)

THE WEST VIRGINIA FLORA

Pror. A(LBERT) S(pPEaR) Hircucocx, Agrostologist of the U. S.
Department of Agriculture, made small but discriminative col-
lections, mostly of grasses, in the neighborhood of Morgantown,
Monongalia County, in 1902, and Harpers Ferry, in Jefferson,
in 1905. His plants are in the herbarium of the Department
in Washington.

F(rep) E(rnest) Brooks, of the U. S. Bureau of Entomology,
traveled extensively throughout the State engaged in field
work for the Bureau, from 1902 to 1912. During that work he
collected such plants as appeared of particular interest. His
plant collection is deposited in the herbaria of Prof. John L.
Sheldon and the West Virginia Agricultural Experiment Sta-
tion; both at Morgantown.

Kennetu K(ent) Mackenziz, Esgr., collected, from August 27th
to September 9th, 1903, in Greenbrier County, in the vicinity
of White Sulphur Springs and Kates Mountain. He secured
187 numbers of interesting plants, among which is his new
genus in the parsley family (Pseudotaenidia). His prime set
of plants is in his private herbarium and a full series of dupli-
cates in that of the New York Botanical Garden.

C(Hartes) L. Boynton, of the Biltmore Herbarium, collected,
during the month of June, 1903, at Huntington, Kenova, Milton,
St. Albans, Saltes, Charleston, Eastbank, Gauley Bridge, Thur-
mond, Hinton and White Sulphur Springs; revisiting the latter
place in October. In May and September 1904 he again collected
in the neighborhood of White Sulphur Springs and Tuckahoe.
His total gatherings amounted to 295 plant numbers, the prime
set being deposited in the Biltmore Herbarium.

Dr. A(LBerT) LERoy Awnnprews, while connected with the West
Virginia University from 1903 to 1904, collected in many locali-
ties in Monongalia and Preston Counties. He specialized in the
Bryophytes. His plants are principally in the herbaria of the
Experiment Station at Morgantown and at Williams College, and
in his private herbarium. (See his “Additions to the Bryophytic
Flora of West Virginia’, in “The Bryologist”, Vol. 8: 63-65
1905).

Joun L(ewis) SHELDON, Professor of Botany and Bacteriology at
the University of West Virginia, has made discriminative and
specialized collections in the State, covering principally the
counties of Monongalia, Preston, Greenbrier, Monroe, Pocahon-
tas, Berkeley, Jefferson, Randolph, and all those along the Ohio
River, from 1903 to 1912. His field work has added a large num-
ber of species to the previously known Flora; these are indicated
in the text of this work. Prof. Sheldon’s prime set of 4454
numbers is deposited in his private herbarium at Morgantown,
where it is freely utilized by his classes at the University. His
collections consist largely of cryptogams. (See “The Bryologist,”
Vol. X :80-84; Vol. XJI1:64-65 for his “Additional West Vir-
ginia Hepaticae,.” and “Species of Hepaticae Known to Occur in
West Virginia.)

Dr. Sheldon has contributed to this Flora full lists of al!
the fungi of his herbarium that have passed under the critical
examination of specialists in the various groups. He has also
WEST VIRGINIA GEOLOGICAL SURVEY II

sent in for examination unusual species of his flowering plants
and in other ways assisted materially in this compilation.

(56) The following names that appear now and then upon the labels of
plants in the herbarium of Prof. Sheldon are either those of his
students or incidental correspondents. As one or more of their
few plants may find publication or stray into some other her-
barium, I have considered it best to make the following record
of the names:

Alderson, R. W. Fram, T. J. Moore, S. W.
Allen, E. A. Gibson, H. B. Nolan, A. W.
Atwood, Horace Grose, E. R. Pollock, J. F.
Bacon, Nathaniel Groves, H. D. Portmess, E. T.
Bargerhuff, A. Hall, William McG. Post, A. Lee
Beale, J. M. Hartley, Carl P. Sheldon, Clara Fleming
Behrens, Ed. Heayner, M. M. Shimer, S, S.
Bender, I. L. Heck, A. T. Showers, George E.
Bonner, C. M. Henson, Miss A. MShull, C. L.

Boord, J. Hodges, Charles E. Shunk, I. V. D.
Bowers, J. F. Hoff, E. B. Smaltz, R. B.
Brake, W. E. Holman, Lucien Smith, N. S.
Britton, L. S. Humphreys, H. C. Staats, Miss Georgia L.
Brooks, C. L. Hunter, Glenn Stalnaker, J. J.
Brooks, Earle A. Hurley, J. J. Starcher, G. C.
Brooks, Len Johnson, R. W. Stewart, J. W.
Carroll, H. D. Johnson, T. C. Stewart, R. H.
Chappell, A. M. Keister, John D. Stewart, W. R. P.
Cooper, H. E. Kline, C. S. Stutzman, John
Cross, E. L. Lambert, F. B. Summers, T. B.
Crow, C. S. Larkin, Finney L. Swank, G. L.
Curtis, A. W. Lewis, C. C. Swisher, J. A. H.
Cutright, Frank Lewis, E. M. Thatcher, J. N.
Docherty, S. W. Lindsley, Miss Thompson, S. M.
Dodd, D. R. Lively, E. L. Vanorsdale, M. A.
Dumire, Mrs. George McCutcheon, R. P. Warden, J. M.
Emmart, L. P. Martin, C. S. Welton, C. B.
Fenton, Winnifred B. Maxwell, W. B. White, C. S.

Fidler, J. Z. Merrick, C. D. Wilcox, C. S.
Fleshman, H. F. Moffatt, B. H. Wolfe, E. O.

Fling, Miss Eva M. Moore, Lewis M. Wood, A. N.

(57) Dr. J(esst) M(ore) Greenman, Assistant Curator of the Depart-
ment of Botany, Field Museum of Natural History, spent the
month of September, 1904, collecting at the following stations:
Parsons and Hendricks in Tucker County; Dry Fork, Horton,
Spruce Knob, Elkins, Read, Whitmar, Glady, Harman, and
Huttonsville, in Randolph County; and Travelers Repose in
Pocahontas County. The prime set of his collection, consisting
of about 400 numbers (1500) specimens, is in the Gray Her-
barium, Cambridge, Mass.; and a nearly full duplicate set in
the herbarium of the Field Museum of Natural History.

(58) Apert H(anrorp) Moore, of Cambridge, Mass., collected with Dr.
J. M. Greenman in 1904, over the same route and gathering
substantially the same species. His collection is in his private
herbarium.
(59)

(60)

(61)

(62)

(68)

(64)

THE WEST VIRGINIA FLORA

Frank F(itcn) Grout, while connected with the West Virginia
Geological Survey as Chemist, collected a number of plants in
various parts of the State, from 1904 to 1906, especially parasitic
fungi. His collections are in the herbarium of Prof. Sheldon
and that of the West Virginia Agricultural Experiment Station.

Huron H(ersert) Smiru, Assistant in Dendrology at the Field
Museum of Natural History, collected, in 1908, 246 numbers in
Randolph, Webster, Nicholas, Lewis, Upshur and Wood Coun-
ties. His species, most of which are indicated in the following
catalogue, are deposited in the herbarium of the Museum.

O(rto) E(mery) Jennincs, Botanist at the Carnegie Museum,
Pittsburg, made a collection of plants in Monongalia County
along the Monongahela River from Lock 9 to Morgantown,
Mont Chateau and Coopers Rocks, in 1909. His specimens are
deposited in the herbarium of the Carnegie Museum.

\W(iLttrAM) W (epsteR) Eccleston collected from 1909 to 1911
with a view of securing all possible material in the Pomaceae
gathering also a considerable number of, other plants that
appeared to be of particular interest. He collected his numbers
4317-4372 at White Sulphur Springs in 1909; 5514-5551 at Gauley
Bridge in 1909; 5552-5562 near Thurmond 1909; 5563-5587 near
Hinton and 5588-5593 at White Sulphur Springs the same year.
In 1911 he collected again at White Sulphur Springs (7761-
7767). His material is deposited in the herbarium of the New
York Botanical Garden.

Mr. A(tonzo) B(£EcHER) Brooks, while occupied in amassing
data for Volume V, of this Survey, collected a considerable
number of particularly interesting plants, from 1909 to 1911,
especially of the Glade Regions of the northern and north-
eastern sections of the State. The material that he preserved
is deposited in the herbarium of the West Virginia University,
at Morgantown. (See ‘West Virginia Geological Survey, Vol.
V, 1911).

I have seen labels, bearing the following names, upon plants
collected in recent years in the State; but have not yet been
able to secure details as to the extent of the collections they
appear to indicate:

Brown, William H.
Hayes, N. S.
Hinzman, W. W.
McCartney, H.
Morse.
WEST VIRGINIA GEOLOGICAL SURVEY

INDEX TO COLLECTORS.
(The numbers following the names refer to those of the preceding

paragraphs. )

Aikin, W. E. A. 4a
Alderson, R. W. 56
Allen, E. A. 56
Allen, T. F. 11, 40
«Andrews, A. LeRoy 54
Atwood, Horace 56
Bacon, N. 56
Bargerhuff, A. 56
Barnes, C. R. 16
Beale, J. M. 56
Beardslee, H. C. 46
Behrens, Ed. 56
Bender, I. L. 56
Bonner, C. M. 56
Boord, J. 56
Boutelou, A. 41
Bowers, J. F. 56
Boynton, C. L. 53
Brake, W. E. 56
Brewer, W. H. 8
Britton, E. G. 30
Britton, L. S. 56
Britton, N. L. 32, 40
Brooks, A. B. 63
Brooks, C. L. 56
Brooks, E. A. 56
Brooks, E. E. 51
Brooks, L. 56
Brown, Ad. 34
Brown, S. B. 22
Brown, W. H. 64
Canby, W. M. 9
Carroll, H. D. 56
Chappell, A. \V. 56
Cooper, H. E. 56
Corbett, L. C. 37
Coulter, J. M. 17
Cross, E. L. 56
Crow, C. S.,56
Curtis, A. W. 56
Cutright, F. 56
Docherty, S. W. 56
Dodd, D. R. 56
Dunmire, Mrs. G. 56
Eggleston, W. W. 62
Emmart, L. P. 56
Fenton, W. B. 56
Fidler, J. Z. 56
Fleshman, H. F. 56
Fling, E. M. 56
Fram, T. J. 56
Gamble, H. McS. 27
Gibson, H. B. 56
Gray, Asa 5, 6
Greene, EF. L. 42

Greenman, J. M. 57.
Grose, E. R. 56
Grout, F. F. 59
Groves, H. D. 56
Guttenberg, G. 14
Hall, W. McG. 56
Hartley, C. P. 56
Hayes, N. S. 64
Heavner, M. M. 56
Heck, A. T. 56
Heller, A. A. 36
Henson, A. M. 56
Hill, W. E. 26
Hinzman, W. W. 64
Hitchcock, A. S. 50
Hodges, C. E. 56
Hoff, E. B. 56
Holman, L. 56
Holton, I. F. 7
Hopkins, A. D, 35
Humphreys, H. C. 56
Hunter, G. 56
Hurley, J. J. 56
James, J. F. 12
Jennings, O. E. 61
Johnson, R. W. 56
Johnson, T. C. 56
Jones, H. 15
Keister, J. D. 56
Kellerman, W. A. 49
Kin, M. 2

Kine, C. S. 56
Lambert, F. B. 56
Larkin, F. L. 56
Lewis, C. C. 56
Lewis, E. M. 56
Lindsley, Miss 56
Lively, E. L. 56
Lloyd, C. G. 48
McCartney, H. 64
McCutcheon, R. P. 56
Mackenzie, K. K. 52
Mapel, V. 24
Martin, C. S. 56
Maxon, W’. R. 44
Maxwell, \W. B. 56
Merriam, J. S. 10
Merrick, C. D. 56
Mertz, H. N. 14, 15
Michaux, A. 1
Millspaugh, C. F. 31
Moffatt, B. H. 56
Moore, A. H. 58
Moore, L. M. 56
Moore, S. W. 56

Morris, E. L. 45
Morse 64

Nolan, A. W. 56
Nuttall, L. \W. 33
Nutter, \\. B. 28a
Pollard, C. L. 44
Pollock, J. F. 56
Pollock, \W. M. 38
Porter, T. C. 20
Portmess, E. T. 56
Post, A. L. 56
Pringle, C. G. 19
Pursh, F. 3
Rafinesque, C. S. 4
Redfield, J. H. 20
Richardson, E. 13
Rumsey, \\. E. 39
Selby, A. D. 21
Sheldon, C. F. 56
Sheldon, J. L. 55
Shimer, S. S. 56
Showers, G. E. 56
Shull, C. L. 56
Shunk, |. V. D. 56
Small, J. K. 29, 34
Smaltz, R. B. 56
Smith, H. H. 60
Smith, J. D. 18
Smith, N. S. 56
Staats, G. L. 56
Stalnaker, J. J. 56
Starcher, G. C. 56
Steele, E. S. 43
Stewart, J. W. 56
Stewart, R. H. 56
Stewart, W. R. P. 56
Stutzman, J. 56
Sullivan, W. S. 6
Summers, T. B. 56
Swank, G. L. 56
Swisher, J. A. H. 56
Thatcher, J. N. 56
Thompson, S. M. 56
Vanorsdale, M. A. 56
Waite, M. B., 28 1
Walker, K. D. 47
Warden, J. M. 56
Welton, C. B. 56
White, C. S. 56
White, D. 23
Wilcox, C. S. 56
Wolfe, E. O. 56
Wood, A. N. 56
Workman, R. 25
I4 THE WEST VIRGINIA FLORA

As in the preliminary catalogue, all species that have been
described from known West Virginia types are republished in full.

SPECIAL FEATURES OF THE FLORA,

The distribution of plants within the boundaries of the State
is wonderfully comprehensive. Canada places representatives of
her boreal flora upon its Alleghanian mountain tops, some that
have even passed by the States of New York, New Jersey, Penn-
vania, Delaware and Maryland in the transit; the Southern States
contribute to its flora through the influence of the mysterious
New River on the southeast; the great trunk lines of railway, as
well as the open condition of the western border line along the
Ohio River, give entrance to individuals of a migratory character
from the Western Plains; and from some not readily accountable
reason many Eastern forms, and even coast line species stray
within its limits.

Of the noteworthy species we connect in Anemone trifolia,
L., Canby’s and Curtiss’ Virginian stations with Knipe’s Penn-
sylvanian, and that in a direct and sequential manner through
the State. Our elevations for this species range from 850 to
2,300 feet. Trautvetteria Carolinensis (Walt.), Vail, is to be
found along all such mountain rills as are deeply shaded, at alti-
tudes above 1,000. We extend the Manual distribution of Caliha
palustris, L., southward nearly one degree, by finding it quite
plentiful in the mountains of Randolph County, where Jsopyriuin
trifoliatum (L.) Britt., keeps it company. Helleborus viridis, L.,
has its most western station on the north branch or the Potomac
River, in Hardy County, whence it was first reported to Dr. Gray
by Dr. Gamble, of Moorefield. Aconitwm uncinatuin, L., is at
home all along the banks of Cheat River, at altitudes varying
from 780 to 3,550 feet. Both species of Actaea are to be met
with on’ the higher Alleghanies, where Cimicifuga Americana,
Mx., is the principal representative of the tribe.

Magnolia Fraseri, Walt., is a striking vernal feature of the
whole Alleghanian region, while tripetala and acuminata are
common. Berberis Canadensis, Mill. becomes a veritable weed
in many fields in the southern portion of the State, vying with
Papaver dubium, L., and Glaucium Glaucium (L.), Karst, in the
* WEST VIRGINIA GEOLOGICAL SURVEY 15

northeastern section. Bicuculla eximina (L.), Millsp., we have
found only upon the highest peaks of the Alleghanies.

Of the rambling crucifers, Sisymbrium Thaliana (L.) Celak,
finds a home in Fayette County, and Lepidium campestre (L.),
R. Br., is the worst and most prevalent weed in the cultivated
portions of the northeastern section.

Nearly all the violets lend their beauty to the adornment of
the woods and meadows; Viola pedata, var. bicolor, Pursh., with
flowers, as large as the cultivated pansy and fully as beautiful, is
frequent among the Devonian shales of the northeast; Viola
primulaefolia, L., comes in from the coast as far as four degrees;
and Viola hastata, Mx., is quite plentiful in the southern section.

Although Sida hermaphrodita (L.), Rusby, has not been
found in the Alleghanies as yet, it is not at all rare along the
New and Great Kanawha Rivers, from Quinnimont to the Ohio,
and thence down that river to the limits of the State. Hibiscus
Moscheutos, L., is found not only along the bottoms of the Great
Kanawha, but also in the northeastern part of the State, while
HI. Trionum, L., is a quite common weed in gardens.

All of the native species of Aesculus, together with the var.
hybrida of octandra, are found in the State. Ailanthus glandu-
losus is becoming a most troublesome weed in many sections,
especially in the northern counties.

Among the Leguminals we have re-discovered Astragalus
Carolinianus, L., which from our specimens is considered by
Professor Britton to be indistinct from A. Canadensis, L., and
as it has priority of publication, the latter well-known name
becomes a synonym. Another important discovery in this genus
is that A. distortus, T. and G., habits the Devonian shales of
Hardy County, the only station known for the species east of
the Mississippi valley. This species is here associated with
Opuntia polyacantha, Haw, in great quantity, giving this peculiar
spot in the Alleghanies much the appearance of an arid waste
in Arizona. Stylosanthes hamata (L.), Britt., here ventures
farther east than has heretofore been supposed, and finds con-
genial soil along New River in Fayette County. Lespedeza
striata (Thunb.), H. & A., spreads profusely throughout the
southwestern portion of the State. A new clover, Trifolium
16 THE WEST VIRGINIA FLORA

Virginicum, Small, has been discovered in Greenbrier County, by
Mr. J. K. Small.

The roses are striking in the many new forms they produce:
Rubus Millspaughi, Britt., is so profuse in the mountains of
Pocahontas and Pendleton Counties that, according to the moun-
taineers and hunters, it is upon it that the bears depend princi-
pally for fattening food prior to hibernation. Rubus Canadensis
roribaccus, Baily, the Leucretia dewberry, came originally from
Randolph County. Another peculiar Rubus (R. Columbianus
Millsp., has 5 to 7-incised leaves of striking character. A new
Spirea (S. Virginiana, Britt.), grows plentifully within half a
mile of the University at Morgantown. Mercer County in the
southern section of the State, presents a wonderful array of
Crategi: C. spathulata, C. cordata, C. aptifolia, C. coccinea, C.
tomentosa, C. punctata, C. Crus-galli, C. flava and its variety
pubescens, and C. uniflora were all found during one day’s
botanizing in this section.

Of the Calycanths we have all, even the two species recorded
“Virginia doubtful” in the Manual.

Of the saxifrages we have notably, Astilbe decandra, Don.,
Saxifraga erosa, Pursh., Boykinia aconitifolia, Nutt., Heuchera
villosa, Mx., and H. Americana, L., and even the Laboradorian
Ribes prostratum, L’ Her.

Sedum Pulchellum, Nevii, ternatum, telephiotdes, and tele-
phium, are with us. The beautiful Liquidambar Styraciflua ex-
tends limitedly down the Gauley and Great Kanawha. The
Onagracee yield a new form in Ludwegia alternifolia, L., var.
linearifola, Britt. The purple and yellow passion-flowers (P.
lutea, L., and, imcarnata, L.) grace the thickets.

Passing many minor forms, the Composite gives us Ele-
phantopus Carolinianus, Willd., and tomentosus, L. (called, as a
weed, “The Devil’s Grandmother") ; Eupatorium, coelestinum, L..,
profuse; Solidago Curtisii, S. rupestris, and Riddellii, Silphium
perfoliatum, L.; Rudbeckia speciosa, Wend.; Helianthus grosse-
serratus, Mart., H. doronicoides, Lam.. and H. laccvigatus, T. and
G.; Verbesina Virginica, L.; Cacalia suaveolens, reniformis, and
atriplictfolia; Cnicus Virgimanus, and pumilus, Torr.; Cichorium
Intybus, L.; Tragopogon porrifolius, L.; Hieracium Canadense,
WEST VIRGINIA GEOLOGICAL SURVEY 17

Mx., and longipilum, Torr. (extending both); and Chondrilla
juncea, L., called, as a weed, ““Naked-weed, Skeleton-weed.”

The interesting bell-worts are: the white form of Lobelia
syphilitica, L., and the rare Campanula divaricata, Mx.

Of the rarer heaths Schollera erythrocarpa, Mx., grows on
the highest peak of the Alleghanies, alt. 4,800 ft.; Chiogenes
hispidula at the Falls of Blackwater; Menziesia globularis Salisb.,
Clethra acuminata, Mx., Moneses grandiflora, Salisb., and all
the Rhododendrons except Rhodora and Lapponicum; even the
rare I. canescens (Mx.), Porter, being found along the Cacapon
River.

Naumbergia thyrsifora is found in Upshur County and
Mohrodendron Carolinum (called Shittim-wood) is plentiful
along the Gauley and New Rivers. Polemonium Van-Bruntiae,
Britt., comes south to our flora, as well as all the Hydrophyllums.
together with Phacelia Purshii, Buck, and parviflora, Pursh.

The beautiful morning-glories, Impomoea coccinea, hedera-
cea, purpurea, and pandurata, are all too plentiful as weeds here;
and Cuscuta glomerata, Gronovit. and Epithymum, have been
found sparingly. Physalis viscosa, L., steals away from “near
the coast” and is found along the Ohio River, keeping company
with Lycium vulgare, Dun., and Physalodes Physaloides; Gaertn.

The notable Scrophularias are: Collinsia verna, Nutt., Chelone
obliqua, L., and Pentstemon canescens. Of the mints we have
notably; Koellia verticilata, clinopodioides, pycanthemoides, and
montana. The other mints worthy of remark are: Meehania
cordata, Clinopodium vulgare, Scutellaria saxatilis, serrata, incana,
parvula, and nervosa; Marrubium vulgare, Galeopsis tetrahit, and
Stachys palustris and cordata.

Of the ten Euphorbias the most notable are E. Darlingtonii
and E. Glyptosperma, var., pubescens, Engl., the latter not having
been previously found east of Iowa as far as we can learn.

The presence of Quercus ilicifolia, Wang, in Hardy County.
extends the Manual distribution southeastward; and the southing
of Q. macrocarpa, Mx. is also extended by several stations in the
State.

As to the conifers, we have about 270,000 acres of Picea
Mariana, a few representatives of Abies balsamea, Thuya occi-
18 THE WEST VIRGINIA FLORA

dentalis, and several species of Pinus, as well as a few scant
growths of Tarus Minor.

Among the sedges the principal item of interest is the re-
discovery in Fayette County of what was doubtless the original
type station of Carex Fraseri, And.

Of the Equisetaceae the most notable form so far found is
E. laevigatum, Braun., gathered in the southernmost part of the
State thus extending its distribution southeastward.

Of the Filices, the rarer forms found with us are: Polypo-
dium polypodioides; Pellaea atropurpurea in great quantities in
the southern section; Asplenium pinnatifidum, montanum (plen-
tiful) and angustifolium; Dryopteris Goldieana, and marginalis
Cystopteris bulbifera; Dicksonia punctilobula; and strange to say
on the summit of Spruce Knob at an altitude of 4,800 ft.
Dryopteris fragrans, in such great quantity that it is cut and
stacked for fodder, this species being greatly relished by cattle.

Lycopodium lucidulum, L., annotinum, L., obscurum and its
var. dendroideum, L., clavatwm, and L. complanatum are all
found in the forests of black spruce along the Alleghanies.

In the mosses, hepatics, and lichens, but little collecting has
so far been done, no systemic searches having been made for
specimens in these classes of plants. In the search for hepatics
incidental to other exploration, in Mercer County, the dry bald
face of a large limestone cave yielded a new species in Plagio-
chila Virginica Evans, as well as a rarity in the eastern flora of |
the United States, Radula Xalapensis, Mont. Among the mosses
we have been rewarded in our itinerant work by finding two new

forms Dicranodontium Virginicus, Britt. m. and D. Millspaughi
Britt. m., as well as numerous noteworthy species.

Beside these unique forms, we report many species from our
region that have not been before credited to the flora of North
America, include many hitherto unpublished asci and spore
meastirements of species otherwise well described, and have
transferred many not before well understood.

The host plants have proven also to be of special interest in
that many of them yield certain species for the first time in the
mycologic literature of this country, and many others pose as
altogether new to Host Indices.
WEST VIRGINIA GEOLOGICAL SURVEY 19
THE SYLVA.

The State is very happily located for the growth of forests,
being in the favored belt of temperature between about 37° and
41° north latitude. Within its boundaries trending northeast and
southwest, thus opening the country to the damp, warm winds
from the Gulf, are numerous ranges of the great Appalachian, or

‘Atlantic highlands, but by far the larger portion of the State lies
on the westward slope of these mountains in the trans-Appala-
chian belt, the waters of which chiefly run northwestward and
southwestward to the Ohio River. The altitude of the country
descends from the Backbone or Alleghany range of the Appala-
chians, from an altitude of from 2,500 and 4,800 feet to 500 at
the southwestern corner of the State on the Ohio, at Kenova,
and about 600 on the same river at Wheeling. The altitude of
the eastern corner of the State at Harper’s Ferry is 272 feet;
thus the range of altitudes in the State is from 272 feet to about
4,800, giving a climatic range of 3,728 feet, or the equivalent of
about 16° of latitude; consequently West Virginia has extensive
areas of adaptability for every variety of forest growth that
is found within the limits of the northern States east of the
Rocky Mountains.

The most elevated portion of the State is the great eastern
border of the ridgy plateau from which the trans-Appalachian
country descends, a territory some 200 miles in length from the
headwaters of the Big Sandy to those of the North Branch
Potomac, this region is in the main from 2,500 to 4,800 feet in
altitude, and furnishes a congenial home to the black spruce, the
white pine, and other evergreen trees peculiar to northern lati-
tudes.

West Virginia has a greater amount of hardwood timber in
its forests than any other State in the Union. A thorough exam-
ination convinces us that nearly or quite two-thirds of the State
remains uncleared, and of this about a million and a half
acres is still in virgin forests where the ax of man has never
found its way, and where magnificent specimens of forest growth
stand thickly side by side and reach a towering height, no finer
view of standing timber may be had within the confines of the
Union. These splendid forests covering over twenty-three thou-
sand square miles yield nearly every species found in the north.
20 THE WEST VIRGINIA FLORA

Here trees grow to such size that ordinary methods will not suffice
to handle them, and are frequently so densely compact that the
light of day scarce penetrates their shade, and pathways must be
cut before the ax men can find room to work.

The following list of the trees of the State, giving the
diameter of trunks and width of board yield, is that of the State
exhibit in the Forestry Building at the World’s Columbian Expo-
sition, 1893. The specimens were all gathered, by the author,
during the winter of 1892-3.

Ash (white), Fraxinus Americana. Logs 40 in., 62 in., 93
in., planks 27 and 33 in., finished boards, plain, 20 and 21 in.,
mottled, 9, 13 and 16 in., figured 9 and 13 in.

Ash (black), F. nigra.

Ash (mountain), Sorbus Americana. Trunk 8 in.

Ash (prickly), Xanthoxylum Americanum. Trunk 12 in.

Alder (mountain), Alnus viridis. Trunk 4 in.

Beech, Fagus atropunicea . Trunks 24 in., 27 in. and 38 in.,
plank 27 in., finished boards 27 and 31 in., quartered boards 7
and 9g in.

Beech (water), Carpinus Caroliniana. Trunk Io in.

Birch (red), Betula lenta. Trunks 34 in., 93 in., 61 in., 48
in., planks 15 and 30 in., finished boards 12 and 16 in., figured
boards 8, 13, and 14 in.

Birch (yellow), Betula lutea. Trunks 34 in., 36 in., 42 in.,
49 1n., plank 26 in.

Birch (hybrid), Betula lenta x lutea. Trunk 2 in.

Basswood (white), Tilia Americana. Trunks 32 in., 36 in.,
43 in., 51 in., plank 28 in., finished board 16 in.

Basswood (yellow), Tilia heterophylla. Trunk 26 in.

Buckeye, Aesculus glabra, Trunk 29 in.

Buckeye (purple), Ae. octandra hybrida. Trunk 29 in.

Box Elder, Acer Negundo. Trunk 27 in.
Butternut, Juglans cinerea. Trunk 12 in.

Balsam Fir, Abies balsamea. Trunk 13 in.

Chestnut, Castanea dentata. Trunks 53 in., 40 in., 62 in.,
78 in., plank 4o in., finished boards 26 in.

Cherry (wild), Prunus serotina. Trunks 36 in., 39 in., 48
in,. 53 in., plank 27 in., finished boards 6 and 18 in., blistered 13,
figured 6 to 19 in., curly 9 to 21 in.
WEST VIRGINIA GEOLOGICAL SURVEY 21

Cherry (wild), Prunus Pennsylvanica. Trunk 14 in.

Cucumber, Magnolia acuminata. Trunk 35 in., plank 26 in.

Cottonwood, Populus monilifera. Trunk 26 in.

Crab (wild), Pyrus coronaria, Trunk 8 in.

Dogwood, Cornus florida. Trunks 7 in., 13 in., 28 in.

Elm (White), Ulmus Americana. Trunks 23 in., 42 in.,
61 in.

Elm (red, slippery), Ulmus pubescens. Trunk 16 in.

Fringe tree, Chionanthus Virginica. Trunk 3 in.

Gum (black), Nyssa sylvatica. Trunk 36 in., plank 27 in.

Gum (sweet), Liquidambar styraciflua. Block 1g in.

Grape (Fox), Vitis Labrusca. Trunk 22 in., branches 18 in.

Hackberry, Celtis occidentalis. Trunk 18 in.

Haw (black), Viburnum prunifolium. Trunk 5 in.

Hemlock, Tsuga Canadensis. Trunk 42 in., plank 30 in.,
finished boards 12 and Ig in,

Hercules Club, Aralia spinosa. Trunk 5 in.

Hickory (bitter), Hicoria minima. Trunks g and 12 in.

Hickory (red), Hicoria glabra, Trunks 11 and 17 in.

Hickory (shagbark), Hicoria ovata. Trunk 27 in., planks
14 and 18 in.

Holly (white), Ilex opaca. Trunk 1o in.

Holly (mountain), Ilex monticola. Trunk 6 in.

Ironwood, Osirya Virginiana. Trunks I2 in., 24 in., 38 in.

Juniper, Juniperus Virginiana. Trunk 7 in.

Laurel, Kalmia latifolia, Trunk 8 in., root 24 in.

Locust (yellow), Robinia Pseudacacia. Trunks 18 in., 24
in., 38 in.

Locust (honey), Gleditchia triacanthos. Trunks 14 in., 28
in., 30 in., in thorn Io in.

Magnolia, Magnolia tripetala. Trunk 15 in.

Magnolia (ear-leaf), Magnolia Fraseri. Trunk 12 in.

Mulberry, Morus rubra. Trunks 8 and 11 in.

Mulberry (paper), Papyrius Papyrifera. Trunk 9g in.

Maple (blistered), Acer saccharum, Marsh. Trunk 26 in.,
boards 9 and II in.

Maple (sugar), Acer saccharum, Marsh. Trunks 30 in., 40
in., 48 in., plank 28 in., finished boards 29 in., curly boards 13
to 16 in.
22 THE WEST VIRGINIA FLORA

Maple (black), Acer nigrum. Trunk 16 in.

Maple (white), Acer saccharum L. Trunks 35 in., 49 in.,
plank 26 in., birdseye boards 10 to 12 in.

Maple (red), Acer rubrum. Trunk 14 in.

Maple (striped), Acer Pennsylvanicum. Trunk 6 in.

Osage Orange, Toaylon pomiferum. Trunk 4 in.

Oak (black), Quercus velwtina, Trunks Io and 27 in., fin-
ished board 11 in.

Oak (Spanish), Quercus digitata. Trunks 13 and 18 in.

Oak (swamp), Quercus palustris. Trunk 15 in.

Oak (laurel), Quercus imbricaria. Trunk 10 in. .

Oak (chestnut), Quercus Prinus. Trunks 14 in., 27 in., 36
in., finished board 21 in.

Oak (black jack), Quercus nigra. Trunks 18 in., 23 in.

Oak (white), Quercus alba. Trunks 50 in., 28 in., 32 in.
61 in., plank 37 in., boards (quartered) 5 to 13 in., quartered
curly 10 in.

Oak (red), Quercus rubra. Trunks 42 in., 54 in., 84 in.,
plank 44 in.

Persimmon, Diospyros Virginiana, Trunk 12 in.

Poplar (yellow), Liriodendron Tulipifera. Trunk 48 in.,
trunk “wheels” 24, 36, 48, 60, 74, 90, and 138 in.; the tree from
which the last wheel came cut 25,000 feet of merchantable boards,
plank 36 and 57 in., cube 36 in., finished boards 27 to 46 in.

Pine (white), Pinus strobus. Trunk 36 in.

Pine (yellow), Pinus echinata. Trunk 28 in.

Pine (pitch), Pinus rigida. Trunk 16 in.

Papaw, Asimina triloba. Trunk 8 in.

Rhododendron, Rhododendron maximum. Trunk 6 in.

Red Bud, Cercis Canadensis. Trunks 5% and 9g in.

Sycamore, Platanus occidentalis, Trunks 52 in., 36 in., 40
in., finished board quartered 33 in.

Sassafras, Sassafras Sassafras. Trunk 22 in., finished board
“wavy” 18 in.

Silver Bell, Mohrodendron Carolinum. Trunk 8 in.

Sourwood, Oxydendron arboreum. Trunk 15 in.

Spruce (black), Picea Mariana. Trunks 31, 34, and 49 in.,
planks 8 and 40 in., finished boards 18 and 20 in.

Spicewood, Benzoin Benzoin. Trunk 2 in.
WEST VIRGINIA GEOLOGICAL SURVEY 23

Sumach, Rhus typhina. Trunk 8 in.

Service, Amalanchier Canadensis. Trunks 8 and 9 in.

Thorn, Crategus coccinea. Trunk Io in.

Tree of Heaven, Atlanthus glandulosus. Trunks 8 in., 24
in., 38 in. .

Witch Hazel, Hamamelis Virginica. Trunks 4 and 5 in.

Walnut (black) Juglans nigra. Trunks 30 and 36 in., plank
29 in., finished boards “wavy” 20 in., “figured” 21 in.

Willow (black), Salix nigra. Trunk 12 in.
CATALOGUE.*

 

Fungi.

 

PHALLACEAE.

ITHYPHALLUS Fries.

I. rmpupicus (Linn.) Fr. .
In the juvenile, egg stage, June 15, 1893, Oct. 28, 1893,
we find the veil under pileus about one-third its length and
part of it encircling the stipe about the middle (Nuttall,

983).
NIDULARIACEAE.

CRUCIBULUM Tul.

C. vutcarE Tul.
On sticks and leaves, open woods, and on old cotton cloth,
July 6, 1893 (Nuttall, 1079).

LYCOPERDACEAE.

TYLOSTOMA Pers.

T. mAmMosum (Mich.) Fr.
On light soil on rock, March 24, 1893 (Nuttall, 880).

MITREMYCES Nees.

M. Lutescens Schn.
On wet mossy banks, alt. 2,000 ft., March 25, 1893 (Nut-
tall, 881).

GEASTER Mich.

G. MAMMosus Chev.
On earth, Short Creek, July 6, 1893 (Nuttall, 1080).
G. HYGROMETRICUS Pers.
Along Horsepen Creek, McDowell County, July 30-
August 1, 1900 (Morris, 1105a).

 

*Unless otherwise stated, all of Nuttall’s numbers in the fungi are
from Fayette Co., near Nuttallburg.
WEST VIRGINIA GEOLOGICAL SURVEY 25

BOVISTA Dill.
B. LEPIDOPHORA (E. & E.) De Ton.
In grass on lawn, Sept. 5, 1893. Clavate 8 cm. high, 12
cm. broad, sterile base 3.5 cm. thick, white cuticle 1.5 mm.
thick, gleba pale yellow (Nuttall 1193).
B. pita Berk. & Curt.

Free on open ground. Monongalia Co., near Morgantown
(Millspaugh).

LYCOPERDON Tourn.
L. GEMMATUM Batsch.

On ground in woods, alt. 2,000 ft., Aug. 24, 1893 (Nuttall,
1180).

L. FURFURACEUM Scheff,

In grass on lawn, Sept. 3, 1893. Capillitium thicker than
the spores, branches few, 2.5 to 4 cm. in diameter, outer
coat pure while (Nuttall, 1188).

L. PEDICELLATUM Peck.

On moss on ground in pine woods, alt. 2,000 ft., March

10, 1893. Pedicels 20 » long (Nuttall, 864).
L, PYRIFORME Scheff.

Under bark of Quercus palustris, Monongalia Co., near
Morgantown and near Little Falls (Millspaugh) on rotten
wood, Feb. 2, 1893 (Nuttall, 832).

SCLERODERMA Pers.
S. vULGARE Hornem. .

On chips of Picea Mariana, Tucker Co. Falls of Black-
water (Millspaugh). Grant Co., on dead logs, Otter Fork
of Cheat; and Monongalia Co., Tibbs Run, plentiful on clay
of a path (Millspaugh). In laurel thickets, July 28, 1893.
Spores 10 » (Nuttall, 1125).

S. Bovista Fr.
On ground, March 21, 1893 (Nuttall, 876).

BOVISTELLA Morg.

B. Ountoense (Ell. & Morg.) Morg.
In grass on lawn, June 26, 1893 (Nuttall, 1003).

MUCORACEAE,

MUCOR Mich.
M. Mucepo Linn.
-On open canned fruit left standing (Millspaugh). On
dead dry fruit (Asimina triloba, Oct. 1, 1895 (Nuttall, 1866,
754).
26 THE WEST VIRGINIA FLORA

SPORODINIA Link.
S. ASPERGILLUS (Scop.) Schroet.
On dead Agaricus and Boletus, Sept. 10, 1893 (Nuttall,
1196).

PERONOSPORACEAE.

CYSTOPUS Lev.

C. canpipus (Pers.) Lev.
On living leaves of Dentaria diphylla, Monongalia Co.,
at Little Falls (Millspaugh). On Brassica mgra, July 8,
1893 (Nuttall, 1082). On Sisymbrium officinale; Raphanus
sativus and Lepidiwn Virginicuim (Sheldon, 686, 1577, 3020,
3291; 1792, 3035; 4457).
C. IpoMOEAE-PANDURATAE (Schw.) Stev. & Sw.
On Ipomoea pandurata (Sheldon, 701, 706, 784, 919, 1956,
3159, 3246).
C. Tracopoconts ( Pers.) Schroet.
On Senecio aureus and Ambrosia artemisiaefolia (Sheldon,
2960, 3080).
C. Porrutacag. (DC) Lev.
On Portulacca oleracea, July 8, 1893 (Nuttall, 1083).
C. Burtt (Biv.) DeB.
On Amaranthus retroflexus, July 20, 1893. Spores 18 to
22 x 15 to 18 p (Nuttall, 1615).

PLASMOPARA Schroet.

P. viricoLa (B. & C.) Berl. & De Ton.
On fruit of Vitis Labrusca, Monongalia Co., near Morgan-
town (Millspaugh).
P. Cupensis (B. & C.) Humphrey.
On cucumbers, Mason, near Elwell, and on Musk Melons,
Ohio, near Elm Grove (Sheldon, 1018, 2009, 2097).
. OBDUCENS Schroet.
On Impatiens sp. (Sheldon, 2297).
. GERANIT (Pk.) Berl. & DeToni.
On Geraniwm maculatum (Sheldon, 651, 2967).
. RIBICOLA Schroet.
On Ribes sp. (Wild gooseberry) (Sheldon, 2446).
. Hawstepir (Farlow) Berl.
On Ambrosia trifida (Sheldon, 2957).

TO fd aoe

PHYTOPHTHORA DeBary.
P. iNFESTANS (Mont.) DeB.

On living leaves and tubers Solanmmn tubcrosum, \Lonon-
galia Co., near Morgantown (A/illspaugh).
WEST VIRGINIA GEOLOGICAL SURVEY 27

BREMIA Regel.
. Lactucak Regel.

On Lactucca Canadensis and L. hirsuta, June 14, 1894
(Nuttall, 1549). On Lactuca sativa (Sheldon, 53).

PERONOSPORA Corda.
. OBOVATA Bon.

On living leaves Spergula arvensis, Preston Co., near
Terra Alta (Millspaugh).
. ARTHURI Farlow.
On Onagra biennis (Sheldon, 2324).

P. Corypatis DeBy.

On Corydalis favula (Sheldon, 3996).
. PARASITICA (Pers.) DeBy.

On Lepidium Virginicuin and Cardamine Pennsylvanica
(Sheldon, 55, 630, 1330).

ENTOMOPHTHORACEAE.

EMPUSA Cohn.
. MUSCAE (Fr.) Cohn.

On Musca domestica, Monongalia Co., at Morgantown
(Millspaugh). Very prevalent on a species of Tachina
found on maple leaves in great number in 1892 at Morgan-
town (Millspaugh).

. GRYLLI Fr.

On tufted caterpillars, on grasshoppers, and on the house

fly, Monongalia Co., at Morgantown (Muillspaugh).

SCHIZOMYCETACEAE.
BACCILLIUS Cohn.

B. TUBERCULOSIS Koch.

In sputa of consumptive (Millspaugh).

B. acipi-Lacticr (Zopf) Schroet.

In soured Milk (Millspaugh).

B. sustiLis (Ehrenb.) Cohn.

In infusion of hay and on exposed boiled potato (Mills-

paugh).
. Utna Cohn.
On exposed coagulated egg albumen (Millspaugh).
. AmyLovorus: (Burrill) Schroet. (Microccus Burrill).

Berkeley: on Malus Malus fruits at Gerrardstown
(Waite). On fruit of Pyrus communis, Monongalia Co.,
near Morgantown (Millspaugh).
28

=

THE WEST VIRGINIA FLORA

SPIRILLUM Ehrenb.

. UNDULA (Muell) Ehrenb.

In infusion of hay (Millspawgh).
BACTERIUM Ehrenb.

. LtngoLta (O. F. Muell) Cohn.

In infusion of radish (Millspaugh).

. TERMO (O. F. Muell.) Ehrenb.

In various decomposing organic substances (Millspaugh).

MICROCOCCUS (Hall.) Cohn.

. CREPUSCULUM (Ehrenb.) Cohn.

Found associated with Bacterium Termo in decomposing
vegetable infusions (Muillspaugh).

. AURANTIACUS, Cohn.

Caught on sterilized potato in laboratory (Millspaugh).

. LUTEUS Cohn.

Caught on sterilized potaoto in laboratory (Mullspaugh).
STREPTOCOCCUS Billr.

. PYOGENES (Rosenb.) Zopf.

Micrococcus septicus, Cohn. In blood of dead calf (Mills-
paugh).

. UREAE (Cohn.) Trev.

Alicrococcus ureae, Cohn. In decomposing urine (Mills-
paough).

SACCHAROMYCETACEAE.
SACCHAROMYCES Meyen.

. CEREVISIAE Meyen.

In Pasteur’s liquid left uncorked in laboratory (Mills-
paugh).

. MYCODERMA Reess.

On same liquid as above at same date (Millspaugh).
DIATOMACEAE.

CYMBELLA GASTROIDES, Kuetz.
CYMBELLA TURGIDA (Grun.) Greg.
STAURONEIS PHOENICENTRON Ehrb.
NAVICULA VIRIDIS, Kuetz.
NavicuLa Major, Kuetz.
NAvICULA NoBILIs (Ehrb.) Kuetz.
NAVICULA RHOMBOIDEsS, Ehrb.
NavicuLa BOREALIS (Ehrb.) Kuetz.
WEST VIRGINIA GEOLOGICAL SURVEY 29

NavicuLa tRiInopIs, Lewis.

ACHNANTES LANCEOLATA, Breb.

SYNEDRA ULNA (Nitzsch.) Ehrb.
Nitzscuia AMPHIOXYS INTERMEDIA, Grun,

MYXOMYCETACEAE,

CERATIOMYXA Schroet.

. FRUTICULOSA (Muell.) MacB. (Det. O. F. Cook.)
Along Delashmeet Creek, Mercer County, altitude 2,090
feet, July 25, 1900 (Morris, 946).

PHYSARUM Pers.

P. citRiInum Schum.

On moss, alt. 2,000 feet, Aug. 2, 1893 (Nuttall, 1160).

P. PULCHERRIMUM B. & R.

On dead wood, July 25, 1893 (Nuttall, 1133).

P. pstrracinum Ditm.

On fruit cones of Magnolia Fraseri, alt. 2,000 ft., Aug.
12, 1893 (Nuttall, 1165).

P. stnuosum (Bull.) Rost.

On bark of Aralia spinosa, Aug. 16, 1893 (Nuttall, 1154)

P. ruripes (A. & S.) Morgan. (Determined by O. F. Cook.)

Along Tugg Creek, Hinton, Summers County, July 10,
1900 (Morris, 945).

LEOCARPUS Link.
. FRAGILIS (Dicks.)

On Aspidium spinulosum and twigs of Tsuga Canadensis,
Nov. 25, 1895 (Nuttall, 1888).

TILMADOCHE Fr.

. NUTANS (Pers.) Rost.

On dead Asparagus leaves, and dead limbs Magnolia
Fraseri, Nov. 4, 1893 (Nuttall, 1264).

. GYROCEPHALA (Mont.) Rost.

On dry bark of Hicoria ovata, living leaves of Hydrangea,
etc., Short Creek, alt. 1,300 ft., Aug. 21, 1893 (Nuttall,
1168).

. virIpIs (Gmel.)?

On dead limbs Magnolia Fraseri, Sept., 1895 (Nuttall,
1856, 744°)

DIDYMIUM Schrad.

. SQUAMULOSUM (Alb. & Schw.) Fr.
On new timber in mine near the entrance, Sept., 1893
(Nuttall, 1342).
30

D.

THE WEST VIRGINIA FLORA

DIACHEA Fries.
LEUCOPODA (Bull.) Rost.

On dead wood and leaves in damp, shady place, June 23.
1893 (Nuttall, 998).

LAMPRODERMA Rost.

. VIOLACEUM (Fr.) Rost.

On very rotten wet log, Short Creek, alt. 1,300 ft., Oct.
25, 1893 (Nuttall, 1255).

COMATRICHA P. Hoyer.

. Frrestana (DeB.) Rost.

On rotten log, Nov. 6, 1893 (Nuttall, 1237).

STREMONITIS Gled.

FuscA Roth.
On rotten log, and on Hydnum sp., April 7, 1893 (Nuttall,
889).
FERRUGINEA Ehrh.
On log, Keeney’s Creek, June 9, 1893 (Nuttall, 973).
SmitHi1 MacB. (Det. MacBride.)
Summers, along Tugg Creek near Hinton (Morris 945).

TUBULINA Pers.

. CYLINDRICA (Bull.) DeC.

On dead log. Spores brown, rough (reticulate?) approx.
6 » diameter, Oct. 20, 1893 (Nuttall, 1230).

LINDBLADIA Fries.

. EFFUSA (Ehr.) Rost.

Forms large patches on dead Tsuga Canadensis a Short
Creek Cliff and Masterson’s Glade, July 15, 1893 (Nuttall,

1130).
CRIBRARIA Pers.

. AURANTIACA Schrad.

On dead wet log, July 25, 1895 (Nuttall, 1826, 712).
RETICULARIA Bull.

. LycopPEeRDON Bull.

On dead log, Short Creek, April 6, 1893 (Nuttall, 888).
ARCYRIA Hall.

. PUNICEA Pers.

On rotten stump, June 15, 1893 (Nuttall, 979).

. CINERA (Bull.) Schum.
WEST VIRGINIA GEOLOGICAL SURVEY 31

On damp dead wood and weeds in shade, July 24, 1893
(Nuttall, 1118).
A. NutTANS (Bull.) Grev.
On dead log, Short Creek. Spores 7.5 », July 24, 1803
(Nuttall, 1119).

PERICHAENA Fries.
P. FLavipa Peck.
On bark of dead Magnolia Fraseri. Fayette, near Nut-
tallburg (Nuttall).

LYCOGALA Mich.
L. EPIDENDRON Buxb.
On wet dead logs, June 15, 1893 (Nuttall, 995). On
Magnolia Fraseri, Nov. 1895.
L. conicum Pers. (Det. O. F. Cook.)
Summers, along Tugg Creek, near Hinton (Morris, 947).

TRICHIA Hall.
T. FALLAX Pers.
On side of dead log, Oct. 19, 1893. Rich reddish-brown
color when fresh, shining pale-brown when dry; elaters long
and slender pointed, spores 10 to 12.5 » (Nuttall, 1200).
T. CHRYSOSPERMA (Bull.) DeC.
On decayed wood, Monongalia Co., near Morgantown
(Millspaugh). On dead logs, Feb. 8, 1893 (Nuttall, 842).
T. PROXIMELLA Karst.
On Liquidambar styraciflua, Feb. 6, 1893 (Nuttall, 836).

HEMIARCYRIA Rost.

H. rupiForMIs (Pers.) Rost.
Under bark of Fraxinus Americana and Quercus alba,
Monongalia Co., near Morgantown (Millspaugh). On bark
of dead Quercus sp. Feb. 13, 1893 (Nuttall, 843).
H. cravata (Pers.) Rost.
Under bark of wet decaying log Quercus alba. Mononga-
lia Co., near Morgantown (Millspaugh). On dead log, June
15, 1893 (Nuttall, 831).
H. strpata Schw.
On dead wet limbs of Magnolia Fraseri, Sept. 16, 1895
(Nuttall, 1847).

'

HYPHOMYCETACEAE.

OOSPORA Wallr.

O. FASCICULATA (Berk.) Sacc.
On decaying orange, Jan. 15, 1893 (Nuttall, 1134).
32 THE WEST VIRGINIA FLORA

MONILIA Pers.

M. AUREO-FULVA C. & E.

On under side of dead log Liquidambar styracifilua, Aug.

29, 1893 (Nuttall, 1186).
M. FRUCTIGENA Pers.

On ripe fruit Prunus cerasus cult. Monongalia Co., near
Morgantown (Millspaugh). On fruit of Prunus domestica
cult. and Amygdalus Persica cult., June 28, 1893 (Nuttall,
1006).

POLYSCYTALUM Riess.

P. SERICEUM Sacc.
On Quercus Prinus, Nov., 1893 (Nuttall, 1335, 293).

OIDIUM Link.

O, ERYSIPHOIDES Fr.
On Zizia cordata, Eupatorium purpurewm and Rubus odor-
atus, Nov. 18, 1893 (Nuttall, 1266, 210).
O. LEucocontum Desm.
On leaves of Rosa cult., Cabell Co., near Huntington
(Millspaugh).
O. MoniItiorpes Link.
On living leaves Poa pratensis, Preston Co., near Terra
Alta (Millspaugh). On same host, May 30, 1894 (Nuttall,

1512).

BOTRYOSPORIUM Corda.

B. PuLcHRUM Corda.
On Lactuca Canadensis, Aug. 23, 1895. Tips of branches
inflated. Spores 7.5 x 2.5 » (Nuttall, 1844, 735).

TRICHODERMA Pers.

T. LrcgNorum (Tode) Harz.
Under bark rotten Hicoria ovata Short Creek, alt. 1,250
ft., Dec. 8, 1893 (Nuttall, 1299, 248).

ASPERGILLUS Mich.

A. ctaucus (Linn.) Link.
On Crategus sp., April 30, 1894 (Nuttall, 1474).
A. GLAUCUS oBLoNGISPoRUS E. & W. Field. Mus. Bot., 1:88
(1896).
Found on Lachnocladium semivestitum after neglect in
plant press (Nuttall, 1871, 760).
This is either a new species or a distinct variety of A
glaucus. The smooth oblong-elliptical conidia are quite dif-
ferent from the usual form. Spores 5 to 7.5 x 2.5 to 3 wm
V.

WEST VIRGINIA GEOLOGICAL SURVEY 33

. FLAvuUS Lk.
Also found on Lachnoladium semivestitum neglected in
plant press (\Vuttall, 1877, 760).
Conidia 4 to 6 » diameter.
STERIGMATOCYSTIS Cram,
. NIGRA v. Fiegh.

On dried peach in garden, Aug. 15, 1893 (Nuttall, 1170).
PENCILLIUM Link.

. GLAUCUM Link.

On Hydnum sp. and Polyporus varians, Aug. 16, 1893
(Nuttall, 1164, 136).

BOTRYTIS Mich.

. OLIVACEA E. & E. Field Mus. Bot., 1:88 (1896).

Type HABITAT: On dead log. Short Creek, alt. 1,800 it.,
Feb. 26, 1894 (Nuttall, discov. 1411, 381). Fungi Colum-
biana, 593. N. A. F., 3187.

Forming thin olivaceous patches 2 to 4 cm. in extent,
composed of olive-brown, septate threads, about 4 yw thick,
and dichotomously or oppositely branched above, the. short
(15 to 25 ») branches sub-attenuated above, and bearing
the obovate or elliptical, olive-brown, 6 to 8 x 4 to 4.5 »
conidia at their tips.

. ToRTA E, & E., Proc. Phila. Acad., 1894, 375.

Type HABITAT: On dead leaves Carex Frascri, Dec. 10,
183 (.\Vuttall, discov. 1248, 257).

Hyphz simple, sparingly branched, twisted above as in B
streptothrix or in Streptothrix atra B. & C., brown, 80 to
100 x 3 to 4 », forming numerous small brownish-black
tufts, effused or gregarious, on both sides of the leaf. Coni-
dia elliptical brown, 5 to 6.5 x 3 to 3.5 p.

Differs from B. streptathriy (C. & E.) in its much smaller
conidia and more dwarfish growth.

. VULGARIS Fr,

On leaves \/agnolia Fraseri, alt. 2,000 ft., July 12, 1893:
on burs of Nanthium Canadense, Nov. 1, 1893; on pedicels
of Ipomaea pandurata, Feb. 17, 1894; on decaying Brassica
oleracea, Jan. 18, 1894; on Cicuta maculata, \larch 18, 1894
(Nuttall, 1116).

VERTICILLIUM Nees.

OSTEOPHILUM E. & E., Field. Mus. Bot., 1:89 (1896).
TyPE HABITAT: On jaw bone of calf, in woods, Nov. 27,
1894 (Nuttall, discov. 1761, 647).
34 THE WEST VIRGINIA FLORA

Prostrate sterile hyphze yellowish-brown, distantly septate,
rough, 6 to 7 pw diameter; fertile hyphe loosely cespitose,
erect septate, smooth, yellowish-hyaline, 7 to 15 » diameter,
the primary branches alternate, and issuing at right angles,
bearing opposite or ternately-verticillate branches, the ulti-
mate division 12 to 15 x 4 » 3 to 4 in a terminal verticil, with
tips often curved and bearing 1 to 4 terminal, globose, hya-
line, 3.5 to 4 »; conidia.

V. punicEUM (Cke & E.) Grev.
On dead sticks, June, 1893 (Nuttall, 1115).

TRICHOTHECIUM Link.
T. rosEuM (Pers.) Link.
On dead dried peach on ground; on decaying leaves Ilex
verticillata, Sept. 14, 1893 (Nuttall, 1199).

CEPHALOTHECIUM Corda.
C. RosEUM Corda.
On old Polyporus pergamenus, Short Creek, alt. 1,300 ft.,
Nov. 10, 1893 (Nuttall, 1260, 205).

DACTYLIUM Nees.
D. pENpRoIpESs (Bull.) Fr.
On Polystictus versicolor, and apparently checking its de-
velopment. Oct. 12, 1893 (Nuttall, 1206). Spores 28 x Io pw.

RAMULARIA Ung.

R. Cevastri Ell. & Mart.

On leaves of Celastrus scandens near the: ground. Oct.

II, 1894. Conidia 15 to 28 » (Nuttall, 1700).

R. TuLasner Sacc.

On Fragaria cult., Oct. 27, 1894 (Nuttall, 1724).
R. Taraxacr Karst

On Taraxacum Taraxacum, Oct. 20, 1894 (Nuttall, 1722).

DEMATIACEAE.

CONIOSPORIUM Link.

C. HARKNESSIOIDES (Ell. & Holl.) Sacc.
On Ruimex acetosella, Oct. 20, 1894 (Nuttall, 1727, 613).

TORULA Pers.
T. primiprata Penz
On Rhus hirta, alt. 1,300 ft., Nov. 21, 1893 (Nuttall,
1273-220):
WEST VIRGINIA GEOLOGICAL SURVEY 35

. HERBARUM Link. ;
On Asparagus officinalis, Nov. 1, 1893 (Nuttall, 1240,
186).

PERICONIA Bon.

. PYCNOSPORA Fres.

On Parthenocissus quinquefolia, Feb. 20, 1894.. Conidia
12.5 to 15 w diameter. On Rubus odoratus. On Polymmia
Uvedalia. On Phytolacca decandra, hyphe 600 x 15 to 16 p
(Nuttall, 1413). On Polymnia Uvedalia, spores 12.5 to
15 » Nov. 16, 1894 (Nuttall, 1743).

GONATOBOTRYUM Sace.

. MACULIOCOLUM (Wint.) Sacc.
On young sprouts Hamamelis Virginica 1 to 2 feet high;
Short Creek, alt. 1,850 ft., Aug. 15, 1894 (Nuttall, 1656).

STREPTOTHRINS Corda.
. ATRA B. & C.

On dead limbs on ground. Conidia 6 to & x 4.5 to 5 up,
Dec. 16, 1893 (Nuttall, 1329).

ZYGODESMUS Corda.

. GRAMINICOLA E, & E.
On Carex Fraseri, spores 7.5 » Feb. 11, 1894 (Nuttall,
1374, 334).
. PANNOSUS B. & C.
On charred bark, May 28, 1894 (Nuttall, 1531, 502).
. TILIACEUS E. & E.
On bark of dead Magnolia Fraseri, Fayette, near Nuttall-
burg (Nuttall)

STACHYLIDIUM Link.

. cARICINUM E. & E., Proc. Phila. Acad., 1894, 377.

TYPE HABITAT: On dead leaves Carex Fraseri Feb. 11,
1894 (Nuttall, discov. 1375. 355).

Hyphe fasciculate brown, septate 600 to 700 x 3 p» simple
ot occasionally forked above towards the tip, with short
cylindrical hyaline branches opposite or in whorls of three,
bearing at their tips the elliptical, hyaline 4 to 5 x 1.5 to2p
conidia, collected into a globose head Io to 12 » diameter.

FUSICLADIUM Bonord.
. DENDRITICUM (Waller.) Fckl.

On living Pyrus Malus leaves and fruit. Monongalia Co.,
near Morgantown (Millspaugh).
36

THE WEST VIRGINIA FLORA

F. VIRGINIENSE E. & E. sp. nov?

TypPE HABITAT: On living leaves Aster infirmus, June 209,
1894 (Nuttall, discov. 1593, 541).

POLYTHRINCIUM Kunze & Schm.

. TriroLit Kunze.

On Trifolium repens, July 4, 1894 (Nuttall, 1588)
CLADOSPORIUM Link.

. HERBARUM (Pers.) Link.

On Polygonatum biforum, Menispermum Canadense, and
leaves of Rhus hirta, June 28, 1894 (Nuttall, 1564).

. HERBARUM FASCICULARE Corda.

On Reseda cult., Jan. 28, 1894. Conidia 15 to 18 x 6 to
7.5 » I to 2 septate (Nuttall, 1354).

. NIGRELLUM E. & E., Proc. Phila. Acad., 1893, 463.

TyPE HABITAT: On inner bark of Robinia Pseudacacia
railroad ties, Keeney’s Creek, Oct. 1893 (Nuttall, discov.
1227,172)';

Hyphe densely tufted, septate, sub-equal, 150 to 200 x §
to 6 », tufts effused, subconfluent, forming a black, velvety
coat extending over the surface of the bark indefinitely, with
the same habit as Macrosporium nigrellum C. & E. Conidia
smoky-hyaline, becoming pale brown, variable in size, the
smaller ones ovate, continuous or uniseptate, 6 to 8 x 5 gp,
the larger ones oblong-elliptical or sub-cylindrical, 2 to 3-
septate, 12 to 15 x5 toOp.

. TriostEr Peck.

On living leaves Triosteum perfoliatum, alt. 1,200 ft., July
26, 1894 (Nuttall, 1824).

. EPIPHYLLUM (Pers..) Mart.

On dying leaves Robinia Pseudacacia, July 31, 1893 (Nut-
tall, 1139).

. CORYNITRICHUM E. & E.

On leaves of Magnolia Fraseri. Fayette, near Nuttall-
burg ¢Nuttall).

sp.
On dead decorticated limb Magnolia Frascri, Sept., 1895

(Nuttall, 1853, 739).
A most beautiful velvety black form.

. EPIMYCES Cooke.

On pileus Polyporus varians, Jan. 25, 1894 (Nuttall,
1341).
Cc.

WEST VIRGINIA GEOLOGICAL SURVEY 37

CLASTEROSPORIUM Sz.

cORNUTUM E. & E., Field Mus. Bot., 1:92 (18906).

Tyre HABITAT: On decaying wood, Oct. 21, 1895 (Nutt-
all, discov. 1883).

Hyphz prostrate, septate, branched, brown, about 6 yu
diameter, effused in black velvety patches 1 to 2 cm. across.
Conidia in pairs or threes, horn-shaped, 10 to 14 septate. 100
to 225 x 14 p, broadest below, gradually tapering above to
an obtuse point, curving outward at the base, rising and
spreading out above like the horns of an ox. The conidia
are but slightly constricted at the septa and are sessile on
the hyphz, appearing at first as a simple nodule or tubercle
on the side of the thread.

Allied to C. Hirudo Sacc., but that has solitary multisep-
tate (55 to 65) conidia and evanescent hyphe.

C. sicmorpeum E. & E., Bull. Torr. Club, 24 :472 (1897).

H.

Hyphe effused, crooked, septate at intervals of about 15 p,
forming an olive-black stratum on the bark for many cm.
in extent, subcespitose, 300-400 x (6-7 »; conidia broad-fusoid,
sigmoid (ends curved in opposite directions), 4 (excep-
tionally 5) septate and slightly constricted at the septa, in-
termediate cells brown, end cells hyaline, 40-70 x 12-15 p,
mostly subtruncate above.

On dead limbs of Castanea. Fayette, near Nuttallburg,
March, 1896 (Nuttall, 819).

HELMINTHOSPORIUM Link.

PERSISTENS Cooke.
On branches of Acer in pine woods, alt. 2,000 ft., March
9, 1894. Conidia 75 to 150 x 10 to 15 w (Nuttall, 1421, 392).

. MACROCARPON Grev.

On decorticated limbs Platanus occidentalis. Oct. 6, 1895
(Nuttall, 1887). On Magnolia Fraseri, Nov., 1895.

. FOLLICULATUM Corda.

On Zea Mavs, Aug. 2, 1895 (Nuttall, 1835).

. ATTENUATUM Peck & Cooke.

On dead log, Short Creek, alt. 1,800 ft., June to, 1894
(Nuttall, 1547).

. SEPTEMSEPTATUM Peck.

On Magnolia Fraseri, June 20, 1894 (Nuttall, 1574, 534).

. BRACHYPuS E. & E., Field Mus. Bot., 1:92 (1896).

Type HABITAT: On dry wood of old log. Oct. 8, 1895
(Nuttall, discov. 1873, 757).

Effused in brownish-black patches of several centimeters
in extent, velutinous, thin. Prostrate hyphz only sparingly
branched, obscurely septate, crooked; fertile hyphe ces-
38

THE WEST VIRGINIA FLORA

pitose, erect, 40 to 50 x 4 to 6 p, 2 to 3 septate, abruptly
constricted at the tips and subtruncate. Conidia terminal,
oblong-fusoid, 5-septate brown, not constricted at the septa,
30 to 40 X I2 to 14 uw, with a short (8 to 10 pw) obconical,
hyaline or pale-brown, persistent pedicel, which is sometimes
prolonged into a hyaline thread as long as the spore. This
prolongation may be something of the nature of a pith or
medulla drawn out of the supporting hypha and remaining
attached to the pedicel.

. FUSIFORME Corda.

On old barrel staves. Fayette, near Nuttallburg (Nuttall):

CERCOSPORA Fres.

. ARMORACIAE Sacc.

On Roripa -rmoracia. Conidia 175 x 5 p, Aug. 26,
1894 (Nuttall, 1687, 593).

. CAULOPHYLLI Peck.

On living leaves Caulophylluim thalictroides, Grant Co.,
near Bayard (Millspaugh).

. VIOLAE Sacc.

On Viola obliqua, Aug. 10, 1895 (Nuttall, 1841, 731).

. GRANULIFORMIS Ell. & Hol.

On living leaves Viola obliqua, June 28, 1894 (Nuttall,
1565).

. ocuLATA E. & K.

On leaves Vernonia Noveboracensis, Aug. 6, 1894 (Nutt-
all, 1682).

. VERNONIAE E. & K.

On leaves Vernonia Noveboracensis, Oct. 10, 1894 (N\ut-
tall, 1698).

C. ompHacopes Ell. & Hol.

On Phlox amoena, July 14, 1894 (Nuttall, 1605).

. DIANTHERAE E. & K.

On leaves of Dianthera Americana. Oct. 23, 1895 (Nutt
all, 1879).

. AVICULARIS Wint.

On living leaves Polygonum aviculare, July 5, 1895 (Nutt-
all, 1815).

. DUBIA (Riess) Wint.

On Chenopodium album viride, July 4, 1894 (Nuttall,
1587).

. BETICOLA Sacc.

On leaves Beta vulgaris, Oct. 4, 1894 (Nuttall, 1692).

C. BozHMERIAE Peck.

On leaves Boehmeria cylindrica, Oct. 5, 1894 (Nuttall,
1694).
WEST VIRGINTA GEOLOGICAL SURVEY 39

. ACALYPHAE Peck.

On leaves Acalypha Virginica, Oct. 3, 1894 (Nuttall,
1691).

. AMPELOPSIDIS Peck.

On Parthenocissus quinguefolia. Conidia+4o x 3 », June
30, 1894 (Nuttall, 1578).

. Menispermri E. & H.

On leaves Menispermum Canadense. Conidia+77 x 5 p
June 26, 1894 (Nuttall, 1562)

C. AGERATOIDES E. & E.

C.

C.

On Eupatorinm ageratoides, Oct. 14, 1894 (Nuttall, 1706).

. ANTHELMINTICA Atk.

On living leaves Chenopodium anthelminticum, Oct. 15,
1894 (Nuttall, 1713, 601)

. Kacmiae E. & E.

On leaves Kalmia latifolia, Aug. 15, 1893 (Nuttall, 1167).

. OENOTHERAE E. & E., Proc. Phila. Acad., 1894, 380.

TyPE HABITAT: On leaves Onagra biennis, Oct., 1894
(Nuttall, discov. 1704, 599)

Spots irregular, mostly elongated, grayish-brown, sub-
angular, 3 to 5 x 2 to 3 mm. subconfluent. Hvyphe amphi-
genous, sub-hyaline, continuous or faintly 1 to 2 septate,
15 to 20 X 3 p» in minute scattered tufts, few in a tuft,
spreading subundulate. Conidia linear or only slightly at-
tenuated above, smoky-hyaline, nucleate and faintly 3 to 5
or more septate, 25 to 80 x 2 to 2.5 p» straight or only
slightly curved.

CHIONANTHI E. & E., Field Mus. Bot., 1:94 (1896).

TyPE HABITAT: On living leaves Chionanthus Virginica,
Sept., 1895, (Nuttall, discov. 1852, 738).

Spots variable in shape, subindefinite, dark brown, gray-
ish above, 2 to 4 mm. diameter. Hyphz epiphyllous, ces-
pitose, 75 to 150 x 3.5 to 5 p, brown, septate, and sub-
geniculate or subundulate above. Conidia fusoid or clavate,
becoming brown, 3 to 5-septate, 30 to 60 x 4 to 4.5 p.

sEpTorIoIpES E. & E. Field Mus. Bot., 1:94 (1896).

Type HABITAT: On leaves Rubus Canadensis, Oct. 16,
1894 (Nuttall, discov. 1725, 610).

Spots dirty-brown, irregular, subangular, more or less
limited by the veinlets, 2 to 3 mm. diameter, definite, but
without any differently colored border. Hyphz epiphyllous,
cespitose on a small tubercular base, simple, sub-entire, con-
tinuous, brownish, 20 to 25 x 3 pw. Conidia cylindrical,
slightly curved, hyaline, nucleate, 35 to 63 x 2 to 2.5 p.

Differs from C. Rubi Sacc. in its narrower conidia with-
out septa, and its shorter hyphe.
40
C.

C.
G

M.

1548, 514).

THE WEST VIRGINIA FLORA
Rust Sace.
On leaves Rubus Canadensis, Nov., 1894 (Nuttall, 1785,
676).
DEPAZEOIDES (Desm.) Sacc.

On Sambucus Canadensis, July 26, 1894 (Nuttall, 1626).
Smivacis Thum.

On living leaves Smilax rotundifolia, Monongalia Co.,
near Camp Eden (Muillspaugh). On Smilax rotundifolia

(Nuttall, 1573, 533)

. CITRULLINA Cooke.

On living leaves of the Watermelon, Mason, near Point
Pleasant and Elwell (Sheldon).

. SMILACINA Sacc.

On leaves Smilax glauca, Aug. 26, 1894 (Nuttall, 1653,
573).

. COLUMNARIS E. & E.

On Phaseolus vulgaris cult. Oct. 13, 1895 (Nuttall, 1870).

SPORODESMIUM Link.

. TORULOIDES E. & E.

On dead twigs Cornus florida, June 10, 1894 (Nuttall,

sp.
TyPE HABITAT: On Tsuga Canadensis, Feb. 3, 1894
(Nuttall, discov. 331).

. MORIFORME Peck.

On Opulaster opulifolus, May 12, 1894. Spores 25 to
40 x 25 p (Nuttall, 1503, 483).

. AURANTIACUM B. & C.

On a dead stick, Short Creek, July 25, 1893 (Nuttall,
1132, 115);

. CONCINNUM Berk.

On wet dead sticks in association with Clavaria muucida,
Oct. and Nov., 1893. Conidia 112 to I15 x 30 to 32 p;
65 to 100 x 30 w (Nuttall, 1233).

SPEIRA Corda.

. MINOR Sacc.

On Pinus Virginiana, Dec. 15, 1894. Conidia 30 x 10 p
(Nuttall, 1775, 664).

MACROSPORIUM Fr.

COMMUNE Rabh.
On dead stems of garden Asparagus officinalis, conidia+
40 x 15 p, Nov. 1, 1893 (Nuttall, 1222). On petioles of
s

WEST VIRGINIA GEOLOGICAL SURVEY AI

Aralia spinosa, conidia 75 x 20 p (Nuttall, 358). On Rumer
obtustfolius, Rhus radicans and Cicuta maculata? (Nuttall).
sp.
Type HABITAT: On dead stems Polyninia Uvedalia, Nov.
3, 1893 (Nuttall, discov. 1736, 623).

. ABUTILONIS Speg.

On Abutilon Abutilon, July 21, 1895 (Nuttall, 1836).
sp.
Type HABITAT: On decayed fruit Diospyros Virginiana,
April 25, 1895 (Nuttall, discov. 1825, 711).

. ASCLEPIADEUM Cooke?

On Asclepias Syriaca, Nov. 3, 1894 (Nuttall, pea

. CAUDATUM C. & E.

On dead flowers of Vueca cult., Sept. 5, 1894 (Nuttall,
1680, 587). On stems of Phytolacca decandra, conidia 88
xX 20 p.

M. SAponariaE Peck.

On Saponaria officinalis, Oct. 6, 1894 (Nuttall, 1695).

M. otivaceum E. & E., Proc. Phila. Acad., 1894, 383.

M.

M.

M.

M.

Tyre waApBirar: Parasitic on Sphaeropsis Asiminae on
dead limbs of Asiunina triloba, March, 1894 (Nuttall, discov.
1418, 388).

Forms a light olive velutinous coat over the pustules of
the Sphaeropsis. Hyphe tufted, yellowish brown (under
the microscope), septate, erect, nearly straight or subun-
dulate, 80 to 100 x 4 to 5 pw. Conidia obovate or obpiriform,
3 to 5-septate and muriform, brown, 24 to 38 x 15 to 20 pu
terminal, sessile. Conidia also occur subcubical or subglobose
15 to 20 w diameter with 2 septe crossing each other at
right angles.

ANTENNAEFORME B, & C.

On Celtis occidentalis, Aug. 11, 1894 (Nuttall, 1652).
Conidia+95 x 15m.

sp.

Type HABITAT: On pods of Datura Stramontun, Feb. 10,
1894 (Nuttall, discov. 1369, 326).

Tomato Cooke?

On ripe fruit Lycopersicum esculentum cult. Spores
shorter than described. Sept. 9, 1893 (Nuttall, 1195). Same
host Monongalia Co., at Morgantown, prevalent 1891 (Mills-
paugh). 3
Mayots C. & E.

On leaves Zea Mays cult., with conidia smaller than de:
scribed, Nov., 1893 (Nuttall, 1334, 292).
42 THE WEST VIRGINIA FLORA

TRICHAEGUM Corda.

T. NopuLosum E. & E., Proc. Phila. Acad., 1894, 385.

TypE HABITAT: On dead leaves Carex Fraseri, Feb. 11,
1894 (Nuttall, discov. 1373, 333).

Erumpent, tufted, becoming subeffused, black, tufts gre-
garious, forming subvelutinous patches 2 to 4 mm. across,
or when standing singly the hyphe and conidia forming a
compact mass .5§ to I mm. diameter, and resembling some-
what the sorus of a Puccinia. Hyphe simple sparingly fasci-
culate, brown, septate, often swollen at the septa, about 4 u
thick and 200 to 300 » long. Conidia near the base of the
hyphz, at first elliptical, yellowish-hyaline, uniseptate, 8 to
10 x 6 to 7 w, soon becoming 4 to 6-septate, muriform and
opaque, 10 to 25 » diameter, subglobose, obovate, or elliptical.

SEPTOSPORIUM Corda.

S. Eguisett Peck, Rep. State Bot. N. Y., 1892, 25.

Type HABITAT: Tips of living leaves Equisetum arvense,
Doddridge Co., near Center Point, and Monongalia Co., on
College campus, Morgantown (Millspaugh, discov. 1891).

Hyphz forming minute tufts, the fertile very short, bear-
ing acrogenous spores, the sterile longer, septate, colored;
spores elliptical, usually with three transverse septe and
one or two longitudinal ones, colored, .oor in. long, .o05 in.
broad.

ALTERNARIA Nees.

A. BRASSICAE NIGRESCENS Peg],
On Musk-melons, Ohio, near Elm Grove (Sheldon).

SARCINELLA Sacc.

S. HETEROSPORA Sacc.
On Cercis Canadensis, Oct. 16, 1894 (Nuttall, 1726, 610).

STIL. BA CEAE.

STILBUMI Tode.

S. mAGNUM Peck.
In cracks of bark, Nov. 6, 1893. Spores 2.5 x 1.25 pt
(Nuttall, 1278, 225).
S. FLAvIPES Peck.
On dead driftwood Platenus occidentalis, Dec. 12, 1894
(Nuttall, 1767).
S. ERYTHROCEPHALUM Ditm.
On dung of Rabbit, Jan. 18, 1894 (Nuttall, 1345, 304).
WEST VIRGINIA GEOLOGICAL SURVEY 43

S. VULGARE Tode?
On fallen dead leaves, Short Creek, July 25, 1893 (Nuttall,
1137, 120).

PILACRE Fries.

P. cracitipes E. & E., Proc. Phila. Acad., 1894, 386.
TYPE HABITAT: On rotten wood, ‘Short Creek, alt. 1,750
ft., Dec. 16, 1893 (Nuttall, discov. 1219, 274).
Scattered, stem slender, white-pruinose, 3 mm. long, .25
to .33 mm. thick. Head hemispherical, olivaceous, about 1
mm. diameter. Fertile hyphz hyaline, dichotomously
branched, 2 to 2.5 y» thick, bearing the conidia laterally.
Conidia globose or subglobose, yellow-brown under the
microscope, 4 to 5.5 « diameter.
Smaller and of a more slender growth than P. Petersit
BL & C.
P. Perersit B. & C.
On Acer saccharuim and Ilex opaca, Feb. to, 1894 (Nutt-
all, 1371). On Alagnolia Fraseri, Nov., 1895.

ISARIA Pers.

I. Virciniensis E. & E. Proc. Phila. Acad., 1893, 465.
TYPE HABITAT: On the young stroma of Hypo.ylon
rubiginosum ? June 30, 1893 (Nuttall, discov. 1109, 95, 102).
Stromata gregarious, simple, slender-clavate, 1.5 to 2 mm.
high. Yellowish-white, obtuse and suibcapitate at the apex,
eurved, often decumbent, clothed nearly to the base with
spreading, hyaline, dendroid, 1.5 to 2 » branching hyphze
(sporophores) 40 to 45 x 2.5 pw their tips often toothed and
bearing 1 to 4 elliptical or ovate, hyaline 3.5 x 2.5 » conidia.
Analogous to J. umbrina Pers (Institale acariforme Fr.),
but differs in several respects.
I. cravata Ditm.
On dead sticks on ground, June, 1893 (Nuwt/all, 1110).

CERATIUM A. & S.

C. HYDNOIDES (Jacq.) Alb. & Schw.
On rotten log, June 10, 1893 (Nuttall, 976).

SPOROCYBE Fr.
S. Ruots (B. & C.) Sace.
On Rhus copallina, March 24, 1894, spores 7.5 x 2 to 2.5 p.
On Rhus hirta, March 28, 1894, spores 10 x 2.5 uw ¢Nuttall,
1430).
S. AZALEAE (Peck) Sacc.
On capsules of Rhododendron marimuim, Dec. 12, 1893.
44 THE WEST VIRGINIA FLORA

Conidia varying from globular through elliptical to cyl-
indrical, dark brown, outer coat easily ruptured, 10 x Io,
8x 5.12 5,15 x 7.5 » CVuttall, 1307).

TUBERCULARIACEAE,

TUBERCULARIA Tode.

T. vutcaris Tode.
On twigs, Feb. 23, 1893. On Robinia Pseudacacia, Dec.
1, 1893. On Aralia spinosa, Dec. 13, 1893. On Sambucits
pubens. On Acer Neguido, April 20, 1894 (Nuttall, 942)
On limbs of dead Riis hirta, Monongalia Co., near Morgan-
town, 1891 (Millspaugh).
T. wamMATA E. & E., Proc. Phila. Acad., 1894, 386.
Type HABITAT: On dead limbs of Celtis occidentalis. Feb.
2, 1894 (Nuttall, discov. 1357, 313).
Depressed hemispherical, umbonate, soon becoming black,
.5 to 1.5 mm. diameter, Conidia oblong, slightly curved,
hyaline, 5 to 8 x 1.5 to 2 w on slender simple sporophores
30 to 40 pw long, incurved or involute at the tips.
sp.
On Asiimina triloba, Feb. 22, 1894. Flesh colored spores
18 to 22 x 3 w (Nuttall, 1391, 361).
T, ——————_ 5p.
Conidia of \ectria verrucosa. On dead twigs Jlorus rubra
July 25, 1895 (Nuttall, 1827, 715).
T Samepuctr Corda.
On Sambucus pubens, Feb. 26, 1894 (Nuttall, 1409).
T. CeLasrri Schw.
On Celastrus scandens, April 25, 1895. Spores 5 to6x2u
(Nuttall, 1811).

DENDRODOCHIUNM Bon.

D. AFFINE Sacc.
On bark wet dead stumps, Oct. 24, 1893 (Nuttall, 12209,
174).
D. RUBELLUM MICROSPORUM Sacc.
On dead limb Magnolia acuminata, Aug. 16, 1894, Short
Creek, alt. 1000 ft. On Lirtodendron Tulipifera (Nuttall,
1659).

TUBERCULINA Sacc.

T. persicINA (Ditm.) Sace.
Parasitic on Uredo (Coma) nitens, that on Rubus Bailey-
anus, June to, 1894 (Nuttall, 1557, 527).
WEST VIRGINIA GEOLOGICAL SURVEY 45

ILLOSPORIUM Mart
I. cagrsprrosum E. & E., Proc. Phila. Acad., 1894, 385.

TyPE HABITAT: On rotten log, Nov. 15, 1893 (Nuttall,
discov. 1286, 231).

Sporodochia globose, 100 to IIo p» diameter, cespitose,
forming tufts about 1 mm. diameter. Hyphz 6 to 8 » thick,
branched, the branches curved or tortuous. Conidia globose
or ovate 6 to 12 » diameter.

Differs from I coccinellum Cke. in its color, and larger
cespitose sporodochia.

I, mAtirotioruM, J. L. Sheldon, Torreya, 8:139-41 (1908).

Spots suborbicular, or coalescing and becoming irregular,
brown or sometimes mottled with gray and with a small gray
spot near the center, 5 to 15 mm. in diameter; sporodochia
hypophyllous, minute, gelatinous, yellowish- -amber and black-
ening, subspherical when moist (150), becoming disc-shaped
or irregular when dry (60 to 100) ; sporophores branched ;
conidia hyaline, oblong, I X 3.5 to 4u.

On leaves of Malus in various parts of the State (Sheldon).
Greenbrier, near White Sulphur Springs (IVaite).

HYMENULA Fr.

H. cereatis E. & E., Proc. Phila. Acad., 1894, 386.

Type HABITAT: On wheat straw Triticum sp. brought in
from Painesville, Ohio, May 24, 1894 (Nuttall, discov. 1520,
495).

Sporodochia gelatinous, orbicular, yellowish-amber color
becoming darker, at first sub-pulvinate, becoming depressed
or flattened, .5 to .75 mm. diameter. Basidia slender, 25
to 30 X 1.25 m simple or oftener branched. The branches
erect. Conidia hyaline, oblong, minute, 3 to 4 x I to 1.25 p.

CYLINDROCOLLA, Bon.

C. Denproctoni Peck, in Millsp. Flora, W. Va.. 1892, 516.

Type HABITAT: On dead insects, Dendroctonus frontalis,
beneath the bark of pine. Hampshire Co., near Romney,
(Millspaugh).

The insects are probably killed by this fungus, as they lie
dead in their burrows in the inner bark of the tree (Pinus
Virginiana).

Sporodochia minute, forming irregular masses, soft, some-
what waxy, white or whitish; sporophores slender, abun-
dantly branched above, often compacted below into a short
stem-like base, spores catenulate, short cylindrical, subtrun-
cate, colorless, .o0016 to .coo2 in. long, .o0008 to .oooT in.
broad.
46 THE WEST VIRGINIA FLORA

On some of the insects there is a cottony or flocculent
mass of white mycelium interwoven in a somewhat reticulate
manner, and collected in strings or bundles. It bears no
fruit, but is probably a luxuriant growth of the mycelium
of this fungus.

Occasionally the fungus seems to spread from the insect
to bark immediately adjacent to it.

C. FLAGELLARIS E, & E. Field Mus. Bot., 1:100 (1896).

TyPE HABITAT: On dead stem of Helianthus decapetalus,
Dec., 3, 1894 (Nuttall. discov. 1762, 650).

(C. lactea S. & E. partly, Sace. No. 3550.)

Sporodochia gregarious, subglobose, subhyaline and gela-
tinous when fresh, lens-shaped, with a thin spreading mar-
gin, orbicular, .33 to .s0 mm diameter, yellowish-amber color
(whitish in the center) when dry. Sporophores densely
fasciculate, flagelliform 2 to 3 times dichotomously branched,
80 to 100 p» long, separating into the short cylindrical, hya-
line, 4 to 5 x I p» conidia.

This was included by Saccardo in Michelia II, p. 581, in
Cylindrocolla lactea, 5S. & E. (on rotten wood of Kalmia),
but differs in the shape and color of the sporodochia and the
sporophores only 2 to 3 times dichotomously branch. C.
lactea retains its white color when dry, and resembles young
Lasiosphaeria ovina.

SCORIOMYCES EIl & Sace.

S. Cracini E. & S.
Under loose bark of dead Hicoria sp., Short Creek, alt.
1,250 ft., Nov. 21, 1893 (Nuttall, 1272, 219).

VOLUTELLA Tode.

V. ciuiata (A & S.) Fr.
On decaying leaves of Prunus cult. in grass, June 20,
1893 (Nuttall, 1010).

BACTRIDIUM Kunze.

B. rravum K. & S.
Under decaying bark of Quercus alba, Monongalia Co.,
near Morgantown (Millspaugh).

HELISCUS Sacce.

H. Lucpunewsis Sacc.
On dead limbs of Ilex opaca, thrown in wet places one
year previously, March 16, 1894; sporodochia + 2 mm. diam-
eter, conidia 30 to 33 x 5 mw. (Nuttall, 1427, 400).
WEST VIRGINIA GEOLOGICAL SURVEY 47

FUSARIUM Link.
F. cUtmMorum Smith.

On heads of ripe living wheat. Monongalia Co., Laurel
Point (.Willspaugh).

“This -specimen combines the characters of a number of
so-called species, making it difficult to say which it really
is. Probably they are all forms of one species.” Professor
Peck (in letter).

F. sancocHROUM (Desm.) Sacc.
On Acer Negundo, April 24, 1894 (Nuttall, 1482, 462).
F. aLeurinum E. & E., Bull. Torr. Club, 24:476 (1897).

Sporodochia compact, subtuberculiform-effused and sub-
confluent, reddish-orange, mycelium white; fertile hyphe
erect, much branched, branches erect; conidia terminal,
fusoid, slightly curved, continuous or faintly 1-3-septate.
nucleate, 35 to 45 X 2.5 to 3 p.

On wheat flour spilt on the ground and left exposed four
months. Fayette, near Nuttallburg (Vuttall).

F. Oxypenpri E. & E. Bull. Torr. Club 24:477 (1897).

Sporodochia tuberculiform, about 1 mm. diameter, slate
color, subcartilaginous, truncate or concave above, erumpent
through, and closely surrounded by the ruptured epidermis;
hyphze branched, hyaline, nucleolate (olivaceous in the
mass); conidia arcuate, nucleate, continuous (as far as
seen), 40 to 60 x 2.5 to3p

Allied to F. Schiceinitsti el & Hark.. but that has conidia
oblong, obtuse, 20 to 30 x 6 pw.

On Oxydendron arboreum. Fayette, near Nuttallburg,
March, 1896 (\uttall, 827).

F, roseuw Link.

On follicles of -Asclepias Svriaca, Mav 31, 1894. Conidia

55 X 4p + 6-septate (Nuttall, 1530, 303).
F. roseuUmM —— Var. nov?

On dead fruit of Diospyros Tirginiana, Aug.. 1895 (\utt-

all, 1831, 721).
F, Soranr Mart.

Found associated with “black rot’? on Tomato fruits that
have fallen to the ground. Monongalia Co., at Morgantown.
1891 (]illspaugh).

BS ee

On stems of Asparagus officinalis, Oct. 28, 1893. Color,
light-pink. Conidia oblong to obovate 7.5 to 10 x 2.5 gp
(Nuttall, 1239, 1248, 185).
48 THE WEST VIRGINIA FLORA
MICROCERA Desm.

M. ErumPENS E. & E., Proc. Phila. Acad., 1894, 386.

Type HABITAT: On dead limbs of Tsuga Canadensis,
March» 1895 (Nuttall, discov. 1398, 371).

Sporodochia scattered, depressed-globose, .5 mm. diam-
eter, at first covered by the epidermis, raising it into little
whitish pustules, then erumpent and closely embraced by
the ruptured epidermis, at first orange-red, then becoming
nearly black, and finally leaving subcupuliform cavities in
the bark, when dry. Conidia falcate to fusiform, multinu-
cleate, and finally three or more septate, 60 to 83 x 3 to 4.5
» hyaline, narrowing to a slender point at each end, borne
on short sporophores (20 to 35 »), which are more or less
branched above.

Differs from JY. coccophila Desm. in the shape of the
sporodochia and their subcuticular origin.

(The additional description, incorporated in this saiaon
of the specific characters, is by E. & E.)

EPICOCCUM Link.

E PURPURASCENS Ehrenb.
On cardboard box in grass, April 13, 1894 (Nuttall, 1453).
E. NEGLEcTUM Desm.
On living leaves of Avena sativa and Catalpa Catalpa,
Monongalia Co., at Morgantown, 1891 (Millspaugh).
E, DurtazANuM Mont.

Underside of outer bark of Robinia Pseudacacia, Nov. 10,
1893 (Nuttall, 1285, 229).

EPIDOCHIUM Fries.

E, MELANOCHLORUM Desm.?
On Carex Frasert, Feb. 11, 1894 (Nuttall, 1376, 337).
TRIMMATOSTROMA Corda.
T. Americana Thum.
On Salix nigra, March 21, 1894 (Nuttall, 1437, 410).
HYPHELIA Fries.

H. Terrestris Fr.
On damp ground. June 18, 1893 (Nuttall, 1016).
WEST VIRGINIA GEOLOGICAL SURVEY 49

SPHAEROPSIDEAE.
SPHAERIOIDACEAE.

PHYLLOSTICTA Pers.

. Payiag E. & E.

On Aesculus octandra hybrida and Hamamelis Virginica,
June 10, 1894 (Nuttall, 1539). (P. sphaeropsidea E. & E.)
. CARYIGENA Sacc.

P. Caryae E.& E. On living leaves of Hicoria ovata and
Hi. microcarpa, June 30, 1894 (Nuttall, 1580).

. CeLtipis E. & K.

On living leaves of Celtis occidentalis, Oct. 10, 1894 (Nutt-
all, 1715, 603).

. HAMAMELIDIS Pk.

On living leaves of Hamamcelis Virginica, June 10, 1894
(Nuttall, 1556).

. CaTaLpaE E. & MN.

On living leaves of Cutalpa Catalpa, July 25, 1895 (Nutt-
all, 1623).

. SANGUINARIAE Wint.

On living leaves of Sanguinaria Canadensis, June 29, 1894
(Nuttall, 1567).

. IpomogaE E. & K.

On Ipomoea pandurata, Sept. 19, 1895. Spores 5 to 10
x 2 to 2.5 w (Nuttall, 1861, 749).

. soviTaria E. & E.

On Malus Malus and coronaria, Monongalia, near Mor-
gantown (Sjieldon). Berkeley, on Malus Malus at Gerrards-
town (Waite).

. Haynatpi Roum.

On Ilex verticillata. Oct. 5, 1895. Spores 5 to 8 x 2.5 to
3 » (Nuttall, 1872, 756).

. Ripts E. & E. Field Mus. Bot., 1 :102 (1896).

Type HABITAT: On leaves of Ribes cult. Oct. 21, 1895
(Nuttall, discov., 1882, 768).

Spots large, irregular in shape, .5 to 1 cm. or often con-
fluent along the margin of the leaf for 2 cm., rusty brown,
becoming whitish or grayish, and mostly zonate, definite, but
without any differently colored border. Perithecia epiphyl-
lous, scattered, 150 to 200 » diameter, the apex prominent
and black. Sporules oblong-elliptical, hyaline, granular and
nucleate, 15 to 22x 6 to O pw.

Distinguished from P. ribicola Fr., and P. Grossulariae
Sace. by its much larger sporules.
50

. ALTHAEINA Sace.

Pp.

Pe

THE WEST VIRGINIA FLORA

On Abutilon Avicennae, Fayette, near Nuttallburg (Nutt-
all.)

. GaLacis (Cke).*

On leaves of Galar aphylla, May 4, 1894 (Nuttall, 1486,
474).

. AmMpELopsipis E. & M.

On Parthenocissus quinquefolia, June 18, 1893 (Nuttall,
IOI4).

. ASIMINAE E. & K.

On living leaves Asimina triloba, Monongalia Co. near
Camp Eden, 1891 (Millspaugh). On same host June 1,
1894, spores 8 to 10 x 6 » (Nuttall, 1517).

- Quercus-print E. & E., Proc. Phila. Acad., 1894, 356.

TYPE HABITAT: On leaves Quercus Prinus, June 29, 1894
(Nuttall, discov. 1594, 542).

Spots orbicular, rusty brown, definite, with a very narrow
border, 2 to 3 mm. diameter. Perithecia epiphyllous, scat-
tered, erumpent, 90 to I10 » diameter. Sporules ovate or
oblong, hyaline, mostly a little curved, 5 to 6.5 x 2 to 2.5 pw.

This comes very near Ph. Ludoviciana E. & E., but in
that species the spots are larger, perithecia more prominent
below, and sporules rather larger. Ph. marginalis E. & E.
also has similar sporules, hut the perithecia are hypophyllous.

. macrospora E. & E., Proc. Phila. Acad., 1894, 355.

Type HABITAT: On leaves of Liriodendron Tulpifera,
Aug. 7, 1894 (Nuttall, discov. 1654, 574).

Spots few, suborbicular, ferruginous-gray, 3 to 5 mm.
diameter, with a narrow, raised, darker border. Sporules
oblong elliptical hyaline, nucleate, 15 to 30 (mostly 20 to
25) x 610 7p,

. Prrina Sacc.

On Malus Malus, Greenbrier, at White Sulphur Springs
(Waite, 716).

. RosaE Desm.

On Rosa humilis. Spores 6 to 7.5 x 2.5 u Sept. 18, 1895
(Nuttall, 1863).
GENTIANICOLA (DC).
On leaves of Gentiana Andrewsii, Sept. 19, 1895. Spores
oval, 7.5 x 5 pw (Nuttall, 1857).
rHorcora E. & E., Proc. Phila. Acad., 1894, 356.
Type HABITAT: Rare, on leaves Riis radicans, Aug. 18,
1894 (Nitttall, discov. 1668, 567 in part).
Spots 4 to 6 mm. diameter, deciduous, gravish-white, with

*Phoma Galacis Cke. Messrs. Ellis & Everhart decide from our

specimens that this species belongs in Phyllosticta.
WEST VIRGINIA GEOLOGICAL SURVEY 51

a narrow black border. Perithecia epiphyllous, scattered,
100 to 110 » diameter, convex-prominent above, visible also
below. Sporules narrow-elliptical, hyaline, 2-nucleate, 5 to 6
X20 3p.

Differs from P. toxica, E. & M., in larger deciduous spots
with a narrow border, and its narrow-elliptical sporules.

P. LinpericoLa E. & E., Proc. Phila. Acad., 1894, 354.

TypE HABITAT: On leaves Benzoin Bengoim, Aug. 26,
1894 (.Vuttal, discov. 1688, 593).

Spots various; punctiform and minute without any definite
border, often irregular in shape 1 mm, to I or 1.5 cm. diam-
eter, or marginal, forming a narrow strip along the. edge
of the leaf for half its length, pale brown, nearly the color
of weather-beaten wood, with a dark (almost black) border.
Perithecia epiphyllous, hemispherical, roo to 120 » diameter,
covered by the blackened epidermis which is raised into
pustules barely pierced at the apex. Sporules oblong-el-
liptical, hyaline, 4 to 7 x 2 to 3 p.

This differs in almost every respect from Ph. Linderae

P. SMiLacis SUBEFFUSA E. & E.

On Smilar rotundifolia, Sept. 21, 1894 (Nuttall, 1701,
594). Perithecia scattered over surface of dead dry leaves
of the host.

P. Oxypenoprr E. & E., Field Mus. Bot., 1: 104 (1896).

Tyre HABITAT: On leaves of Oxydendron arboreum, Oct.
10, 1894 (Nuttall, discov. 1717, 605).

Spots suborbicular or elliptical, reddish-gray, 3 to 8 mm.
diameter, with a narrow, slightly raised dark red border,
beyond which the leaf is generally shaded reddish-purple.
Perithecia epiphyllous, subapplanate, 100 to 120 mw diameter.
Sporules oblong-elliptical, 2-nucleate, hyaline, 7 to 8 x 2.5 to
34. The spots finally become of a lighter, dirty-white color.

P. Cerastri E. & E., Field Mus. Bot., 1:104 (1896).

TYPE HABITAT: On leaves Celastrus scandens, Oct., 1894
(Nuttall, discov. 1718, 606). ,

Spots mostly marginal, 8.5 to 1 cm. diameter, ferruginous,
definite, with a narrow, darker border. Perithecia epiphyl-
lous, subapplanate, 150 » diameter. Sporules oblong, 7 to
10 x 2 to 2.5 » hyaline, 2-nucleate.

P. GLOBIFERA E. & E., Field Mus. Bot., 1:104 (1896).

Type HABITAT: On leaves Cornus florida, Oct. 24, 1894
(Nuttall, discov. 1728, 615).

Spots marginal, light-brown, continuous, extending across
the tip of the leaf and partly down each side, 5 to 1 cm.
wide, separated from the green part of the leaf by a narrow,
purple margin. Perithecia amphigenous, discoid, black, 100
52 THE WEST VIRGINIA FLORA

to 112 » diameter. Sporules globose or short-elliptical, hya-
line, granular,6to8x 5 to6 un.
P. NEcuUNDINIS Sacc.

On Acer Negundo, July 5, 1894. Sporules 5 to 10 x 3 to
7.5 » (Nuttall, 1631, 560, 561).

sp.

On Geum Canadense, Oct. 24, 1894 (Nuttall, 1733).
Spores irregular 4 to 7.5 x 1.5 to 2.5 » 2-nucleate.

P. acericota E. & E.

On living leaves Acer saccharinuim, Putnam Co., near
Buffalo, 1891 (Mullspaugh). On leaves A. rubrum, June
24, 1894 (Nuttall, 1561).

P, XANTHORRHIZAE E. & Nuttall, Field Mus. Bot., 1:105 (1896).

TypE HABITAT: On leaves Xanthorrhiza apufolia, Nov.
3, 1893 (Nuttall, discov. 1738, 625).

Spots subelliptical, dirty-white in the center with a dark
shaded margin, 3 mm. to I cm. long x 2 to 8 mm. wide,
finally more or less deciduous. Perithecia seated on the
white part of the spots, epiphyllous, subdiscoid, perforated
above, 60 to 75 » diameter. Sporules oblong-elliptical, hya-
line, 2-nucleate, 5 to 6 x 2.5 to 3 m..

Accompanied by a Macrosporium on the same spots.

P. sp.

On leaves Rubus Canadensis, Nov. 3, 1894. Sporules
variable in form, 5 x 1.25 to 2 » (Nuttall, 1747, 627).
P. cercipicoLta E. & E., Field Mus. Bot., 1: 105 (1896).

TypE HABITAT: On leaves Cercis Canadensis, Nov. 21,
1894 (Nuttall, discov. 1751).

Spots suborbicular, .5 to 1 cm. diameter, rusty-brown, be-
coming lighter, paler below, margin narrow reddish-purple.
Perithecia epiphyllous, convex, suberumpent, but covered
(except the apex) by the epidermis, 110 to 150 » diameter.
Sporules oblong, slightly narrowed and rounded or obtusely
pointed at the ends, hyaline, 2 to 3-nucleate, 15 to 20 x 6
to 7 p.

Differs in the character of the spots, and in the presence
of a perithecium, from Gloeosporium Cercidis, E. & E.

P. Aratiag: E. & E., Proc. Phila. Acad., 1894, 355.

TYPE HABITAT: On leaves Aralia spinosa, Sept. 20, 1895
(Nuttall, discov. 1703, 598 588?).

Spots suborbicular, light-brown with the margin a little
darker, 5 to 1 cm. diameter. Perithecia epiphyllous, some-
what flattened, 100 to 150 » diameter. Sporules oblong-
elliptical, hyaline, 2-nucleate, 10 to 15 x 5 to6 un.

P. SassaFras Cooke.

On leaves Sassafras Sassafras, June 28, 1894. Sporules

5 to7 x2 to 3p (Nuttall, 1566).
WEST VIRGINIA GEOLOGICAL SURVEY 53

. SAMBUCI Desm.

a leaves Sambucus Canadensis, July 20, 1894 (Nuttall,
1614).
. LasruscaE Thum.

On living leaves Vitis cult. (Concord), Wood Co., near
Lockhart’s Run, 1891 (Millspaugh). On leaves of V_ oesti-
valis and rupestris, June 29, 1894 (Nuttall, 1569).

. CORNICOLA (D. C.) Rabh.
On Cornus florida, Nov. 5, 1894 (Nuttall, 1748, 638).
. CooKer Sacc.

On leaves Magnolia acuminata, Aug. 9, 1894. Sporules
15 to 20 x 6 to 7.5 pw (Nuttall, 1655, 577).

. TILIAE Sace.

On leaves Tilia Amcricana, Aug. 10, 1894. Sporules 7
to 8 x 2.5 to 3 w (Nuttall, 1672, 579).

. CHIONANTHI Thum.

On Chionanthus Virginica, Aug. 10, 1895. Spots darker
than in type (from Portugal). Spores round or oval, 5
Bor 7.5 x 5 » (Nuttall, 1833, 724).

. LirgIoDENDRICA Sacc. ,

On leaves Liriodendron Tulipifera, June 16 and Oct. 29,
1894. Sporules 7.5 to 10 x 2 to 3 pw (Nuttall, 1571). P.
Liriodendri, Cke.

. Utmi West?

On leaves Ulmus pubescens, July 9, 1894. Sporules + 16
x 7.5 » (Nuttall, 1631, 563).
. PHOMIFORMIS Sacc.

On leaves Quercus Prinus and Q. alba, July 4, 1894.
Sporules 15 to 30 x 6 to 8 pw (Nuttall, 1585).

. CASTANEAE E, & E., Proc. Phila. Acad., 1894, 357.

Type HABITAT: On leaves Castanea pumila (not on Cas-
tanea vesca as originally published), July 26, 1894 (Nuttall,
discov. 1639, 570).

Spots orbicular, rust-color, with narrow dark-shaded mar-
gin. Perithecia epiphyllous, scattered on the spots, dark,
semierumpent, 100 » diameter, often collapsing. Sporules
oblong, hyaline, 5 to 7 x 2 to 2.5 pm.

. LapparE Sacc.
On -retiun Lappa, July 20, 1894 (Nuttall, 1613).

P. DioscorEAE Cooke.

On leaves Dioscorea villosa, June 29, 1894 (Nuttall, 1570).
. Opaca E. & E. Field Mus. Bot., 1:106 (1896).

Type HABITAT: On leaves of [lex opaca. Oct. 5, 1895
(Nuttall, discov., 1881).

Spots mostly marginal or terminal, of irregular shape,
1 and 2 cm. across, dirty-white, with a raised subferruginous
narrow border. Perithecia evenly scattered, subepidermal,
54 THE WEST VIRGINIA FLORA

sublenticular, black, raising the epidermis into pustules, 200
p diameter. Sporules elliptical, hyaline, 3 x 1.5 p.
Differs from P. Ilicis E. & E. only in its minute sporules.

PHOMA Fries.

P, ———————_ sp.
On Opulaster opulifolius, May 7, 1894 (Nuttall, 1510,
494). Spores 7 to 10 x 2.5 to 3 m.
P. NEGUNDINICOLA RAMICOLA E. & E., Proc. Phila. Acad., 1894,
357:

Type HABITAT: On dead twigs 4dcer Negundo, April,
1894 (Nuttall, discov. 1483, 465, 4667).

Perithecia evenly but not thickly scattered, globose, small,
.2 to .33 mm. diameter, covered by the slightly ruptured
epidermis, but distinctly prominent. Sporules oblong, el-
liptical, or ovate hyaline, with a single large nucleus, Io to
13 x4 to 5.5 p.

Differs from the typical form, on the dead peduncles, in its
broader sporules, the former being but 2.5 to 3 p.

P. Pennsytyvanica E. & E., Proc. Phila. Acad., 1894, 357.

TypE HABITAT: On dead limbs Acer Pennsylvanicunn,
Feb. 2, 1894 (Nuttall, discov. 1361, 318).

Perithecia numerous, evenly scattered, subepidermal, .33
to .5 mm. diameter, whitish inside, raising the epidermis
into minute pustules, but scarcely rupturing it. Sporules
subglobose, 6 to 7.5 » diameter, nearly hyaline.

P. AscLepiapEA E. & E., Field Mus. Bot., 1:107 (1896).

Type waABitat: On dead stems of Asclepias Syriaca, Oct.
10, 1894 (Nuttall, discov. 1717, 604).

Perithecia thickly, but evenly scattered, subelliptical, 110
to 120 » in the longer diameter, subcuticular, covered by
the blackened epidermis, which is raised into minute pustules
but scarcely ruptured. Sporules oblong-elliptical, 2-nucleate,
hyaline, 5 to 6 x 2 to 2.5 » On curved (almost hooked)
basidia 12 to 15 mp long.

Differs from the next form, which occurs with it on the
same stems, in its larger perithecia and sporules and its
curved basidia.

P. sp.
On dead stems Asclepias Syriaca, Oct. 10, 1894 (Nuttall).
P. MELALEUCA B. & C.

On petioles Aralia spinosa, April 25, 1895 (Nuttall, 1810)

P. Leucostoma Ley.

On Opilaster opultfolius, May 13, 1894. Sporules 2.5 to

4x 1 p (Nuttall, 1506, 487).
WEST VIRGINIA GEOLOGICAL SURVEY 55

P. mixta B. & C.

On fire-killed Liriodendron Tulipifera, Oct. 16, 1894. Spo-
rules appendiculate at each end, 2-nucleate, 7 to 10 x 2 to 3
», oblong fusoid; the accompanying filiform process hooked
at the apex 20 x .75 to 1.5 w (Nuttall, 1709).

P. scabra Sace.

On Platanus occidentalis, March 30, 1894 (Nuttall, 1459,
434).

P. opscurans E. & E., Proc. Phila. Acad., 1894, 357.

Tyre HABirAr: On leaves of Fragaria cult., July 8, 1894
(Nuttall, discov. 1600, 554).

Spots 5 to 8 mm. diameter, with a ferruginous center
and broad purple border, paler below. Perithecia few, scat-
tered, convex prominent. Sporules oblong-elliptical, hyaline
2-nucleate, 4.5 to5.5x 1.5 to2p. Basidia simple, lanceolate-
fusoid, 8 to 12 X 1.5 p.

Phyilosticta fragaricola Desm. has similar sporules, but
the spots are much smaller, with a white center. The basidia
also indicate Phoma and not Phvllosticta.

P. trrcrcoLa (C. & E.) Sacc.
On leaves of Ilex opaca, June 18, 1893 (Nuttall, 1017).
P. SprRAEAE Desm?

On Opulaster opulifolius, May 13, 1894. Sporules ro to

13 x 2p (Nuttall, 1508, 489).
P. HERBARUM West.

On Onagra biennis, March 18, 1894 (Nuttall, 1435, 406).
P. PuyrotaccaE B. & C,

On stems Pliytolacca decandra, July 31, 1893 (Nuttall,
II4O).

P. pepuncuLr E. & E., Proc. Phila. Acad., 1894, 357.

Type HABITAT: On old peduncles Magnolia Fraseri, Jan.,
1894 (Nuttall, discov. 1339, 297).

Perithecia scattered, flattish pustuliform, .5 to .75 mm.
diameter, with a prominent papilliform ostiolum. Sporules
fusoid-oblong, hyaline, 2 to 3 nucleate, 7 to II x 2 to 2.5 pu
ends acute.

Differs from Stagonospora pedunculi in its larger, flatter
perithecia and fusoid-oblong (not cylindrical), rather shorter
sporules.

P. uvicota B. & C.
On Vitis cult. (Concord), July 4, 1893 (Nuttall, 1108, 94).
P, NyssAEcarPa Cooke.

On dead limbs Nyssa aquatica, April 15, 1895 (Nuttall,

1809, 696). Sporules 10 x 3 p.
P. sAMARARUM Desm
On samaras leer Pennsylvanicum, Feb. 2, 1894 (Nuttall,

1363, 321).
50 THE WEST VIRGINIA FLORA

P. Smitactina (Peck) Sacc.
On Smilax rotundifolia, Aug. 17, 1894. Sporules about
18 x 6 to 7.5 p (Nuttall, 1660).

APOSPHAERIA Berk.

A. pezizoipes FE. & E., Proc. Phila. Acad., 1894, 358.

TYPE HABITAT: On decorticated trunks of Platanus oc-
cidentalis, Salix nigra falcata, Betula nigra, Fraxinus sp.,
and Liquidambar Styraciflua, on abrasions made by drift-
wood and ice, where it seems to grow exclusively and al-
ways below high-water mark, April, 1894 (Nuttall, discov.
1458, 432).

Perithecia erumpent-superficial, seriate-aggregate, hemis-
pherical, about .75 mm. diameter, with a distinct papilli-
form ostiolum, at length collapsing and pezizoid or discoid.
Sporules elliptical or ovoid, 4 to 6 x 2.5 w ends obtuse.

DENDROPHOMA Sace.

D. THERRYANA Sacc. & Roum.
On Platanus occidentalis, April 19, 1894 (Nuttall, 1463).

SPHAERONAEMA Fries.

S. Puysocarpt E. & E., Proc. Phila. Acad., 1894, 358.

Type HABITAT: On dead stems Opulaster opulifolius,
May, 1894 (Nuttall, discov. 1504, 484).

Perithecia gregarious, erumpent-superficial, hemispherical,
150 p diameter, with a straight, stout beak go to 115 p long.
Sporules narrow-elliptical, hyaline, 2 to 3-nucleate, 7 to 9
x 2.5 pb. i

S. unruscans E. & E. Field Mus. Bot., 1: 109 (1896).

Type HABITAT: On dead dry wood Juglans cinerea.,
Dec. 5, 1894 (Nuttall, discov. 1766, 661).

Perithecia gregarious, erumpentsuperficial, hemispherical,
brownish-black, about .25 mm. diameter, with a short cyl-
indrical (.33 mm.), shining-black, obtuse, perforated ostio-
lum. Sporules abundant, elliptical, continuous, hyaline 3 to
4X 1.5 p on basidia simple or branched below, about 12 p
long and .5 mw thick at the base, narrowed above.

The surface of the wood is blackened.

S. AcertnumM Peck.
On Acer rubrum, June 12, 1894 (Nuttall, 1543).
S. cornEuM C. & E.
On Onagra biennis, Jan, 21, 1895 (Nuttall, 1791, 682 in
part).
WEST VIRGINIA GEOLOGICAL SURVEY 57

S. MacnotiaE Peck.
On Magnolia acuminata, Short Creek, alt. 1,000 ft., Aug.
16, 1894 (Nuttall, 1658). Sporules 10 x 6 » nucleus large.

SIROCOCCUS Preuss.

S. Haresiae E. & E., Proc., Phila. Acad., 1894, 358.

On dead limbs Afohrodendron Carolinum (Halesia tet-
raptera) Feb, 26, 1894 (Nuttall, discov. 1407, 377, 376?)

Perithecia scattered, or 2 to 3-cornate, erumpent, sub-
globose about .33 mm. diameter, black, with a minute papil-
liform ostiolum. Sporules subglobose, about 3 » diameter,
greenish-hyaline, 3 to 6-concatenate, the terminal sporule
oblong and paler. Chains simple or sparingly branched,
arising directly from the proliferous layer without any dis-
tinct basidia, collected in stellate clusters.

VERMICULARIA Fries.

V. PHLOGINA Fairm.

On dead leaves Phlox amoena, Sept. 15, 1894 (Nuttall,
1606).

V. compacta C. & E.

On Rubus odoratus, \lay 30, 1894; sporules 20 to 25 x
30 p (Nuttall, 1513). On Caulophyllum thalictroides (552).

V. PETIOLORUM Schw.
On Aralia spinosa, and on Robinia Pseudacacia?. Feb. 17,
1894 (Nuttall, 1388, 356).
V Toxic, E. & E., sp. nov?
On Rhus radicans, Aug. 18, 1894 (Nuttall, 1669, 569).
V. Dematium (Pers.) Fr.
On Cassia Marilandica, Oct. 28, 1893 (Nutall, 1251, 193).
On Heuchera Americana.
V. DEMATIUM ———— var.
On Onagra biennis, March 9, 1894 (Nuttall, 1434, 405).
V. Arctit Schw.

On dead leaves and petioles Arctium Lappa, on ground,
July 21, 1894. Sporules fusiform slightly curved + or —
20X 3p. Sete 35 to-+ 125 x 3 to 5 pw (Nuttall, 1617).

V. SUBEFFIGURATA Schw.

On fruit peduncles AJagnolia Fraseri in association with
STAGONOSPORA PEDUNCULI E. & E., July 25, 1893 (Nuttall,
1136).

Vv. cera SCAPINCOLA Schw.

Bases of dead leaves Yucca filamentosa cult., Feb. 19

1894. Sporules 18 x 2.5 w, largest setee 200 w (Nuttall, 1367).
V. TRAUTVETTERIAE Nuttall, sp. nov.

Type HABITAT: On dead leaves Trautvetteria Carolinensis,

July 15, 1894 (Nuttall, discov. 1633).

 
58 THE WEST VIRGINIA FLORA

Perithecia very small, scattered. Sporules curved, sharp
pointed, 18 to 25x 2.5 to 3p. Sete + 100x104.
V. LILIACEARUM West.
On Asparagus officinalis, Yagnera racemosa, Clintonia uni-
bellulata and Iris cristata? Nov. 1, 1893 (Nuttall, 1241, 188).

DOTHIORELLA  Sacc.

D. AstminaEe E. & E., Field Mus. Bot., 1:110 (1896).

On Asimina triloba, Feb. 2, 1894 (Nuttall, 1392, 362).
Sporules 5 to 7 x 2 to 3 w oval or oblong, some of them
slightly curved. Perithecia suberumpent, seriate, .25 mm.
diameter, white inside and out, ovoid, in series of 3 to 5,
raising the epidermis into short ridges split along the top
so as to expose the pallid white apices of the perithecia.
Sporules oval or elliptical, hyaline, 5 to 7 x 2 to 3 z.

D. urnor E. & E., Field Mus. Bot., 1:110 (1896).

Type HABITAT: On dead limbs Liriodendron Tulipifera
April 11, 1895 (Nuttall, discov. 1804, 691).

Perithecia seriate-subconfluent, .5 to .75 mm. diameter,
irregularly ruptured above, white inside, erumpent, splitting
the epidermis into short (2 to 4 mm.) longitudinal cracks.
Sporules elliptical, hyaline continuous, 5 to 7.5 x 3 to 3.5 p.
Differs from D. Liriodendri, Cke. in its much smaller
sporules.

D. GLANDULOSA (Cooke) Sace?
On Robinia Pscudacacia, March 14, 1894 (Nuttall, 1423,

395).

FUSICOCCUM Corda.

F. Inicinum E. & E., Proc. Phila. Acad., 1894, 359.

Type Hapitat: On dying, transplanted, Ilex opaca
(transplanted Dec. 28, 1893), May 24, 1894 (Nuttall, discov.
1521, 400).

Stromata cortical, convex, about I or 1.5 mm. diameter,
multilocular, whitish inside, the tuberculiform apex pierced
with a single pore, rupturing the epidermis and_ slightly
raising it. Sporules fusoid, hyaline, nucleate 15 to 22 x 2.5
to 3 pw.

F. NervicoLum E. & E, Bull Torr. Club, 25 :509 (1898).

Stromata mostly on the midrib and nerves of the leaf,
elliptical, 400-600 p. long, subcutaneous, black, convex, the
subconoid apex erumpent: sporules narrow-elliptical, hy-
aline, subacute, 2-nucleate, 7-10 x 2.5-3 p.

On old fallen leaves of Magnolia Fraseri, Nuttallburg,
May, 1898 (Nuttall, 940).
WEST VIRGINIA GEOLOGICAL SURVEY 59

CYTOSPORELLA Sace.

C. carneA E. & E., Bull., Torr. Club, 24 :287 (1897).

Stroma at first tuberculo-hemispherical and covered by
the epidermis, soon erumpent through the transversely or
laciniately ruptured epidermis, brown outside, white and
of firm consistence within (except the central portion), mul-
tilocular cells light-colored; sporules elliptical, hyaline, con-
tinuous, 5-7 X 2.5-3 p.

The stroma is about 1.5 mm. wide and 1 mm. high and
finally shrinks away from the ruptured epidermis and then
is more or less distinctly flesh-colored.

On dead limbs of Castanea. Fayette: near Nuttaliburg,
March, 1896 (Nuttall).

CYTOSPORA Ehrenb.

C. Certipis E. & E., Proc. Phila. Acad., 1894, 360.

TyPE HABITAT: On dead limbs Celtis occidentalis, Feb. 2,
1894 (Nuttall, discov. 1358, 314).

Stroma valsoid, flat, thin, 1.5 to 2 mm. diameter, only
penetrating the surface of the bark, multilocular, gray in-
side, raising the bark into small pustules and finally ruptur-
ing it, cells representing perithecia. Sporules allantoid, 6
to 7X 1 to 1.5 p.

C. Hatesiaz E. & E., Proc. Phila. Acad., 1894, 361.

TypPE HABITAT: On dead limbs of Mohrodendron Caro-
linuin (Halesia tetraptera), June 7, 1894 (Nuttall, discov.
1540).

Stromata convex-conical, sunk in the bark, orbicular, about
I mm. diameter, white inside, unilocular, the inner surface
of the cavity lined with simple straight basidia about 15 p»
long, bearing the oblong-fusoid, hyaline, 2-nucleate, straight,
5 to 7 x 1 to 1.5 mw sporules, which are expelled through a
single orifice perforating the raised epidermis.

This probably is the spermogonial stage of Diaporthe
Halesiae or D. tctraptcrae, both of which are found in com-
pany with it.

C. LEucostomaA (Pers.) Sacc.

On cultivated Prunus domestica and Amygdalus Persica,
Dec. 12, 1894 (Nuttall, 1769).

C. exasperins E. & E., Proc. Phila. Acad., 1894, 360.

Type HAtITAT: On dead limbs Acer Pennsyleanicum,
Feb. 2, 1894, Short Creek, alt. 1,300 ft. (Nuttall, discov.
1300). :

Stroma buried in the bark, orbicular, about 1 mm. diame-
ter, 4 to 6-celled (at length one-celled), prolonged above
60

THE WEST VIRGINIA FLORA

into a stout, conical beak opening by a single round pore at
the apex. Sporules oblong or allantoid, hyaline, 5 to 7 x

1.25 p.
—————— 5p.

On Chionanthus Virginica, March 28, 1894 (Nuttall,
1455, 427).

TuMULoSA E. & E. Bull. Torr. Club, 24 :288 (1897).

Stroma cylindric-conical, erumpent, brown, lighter inside.
about I mm. broad, the upper erumpent part .75 mm. high,
sporigerous cells perithecioid, whitish, globose, sunk in the
lower part of the stroma; sporules allantoid, hyaline, curved,
6-8 X 1.5 p.

On dead buds of Magnolia Fraseri. Fayette: near Nut-
tallburg, March, 1896 (Nuttall, 808).

. Persicae Schw.

On Amygdalus Persica cult. “Early Rivers,” June’ 30,
1893 (Nuttall, 1106).
———_———. sp.
On Cercis Canadensis, April 10, 1894 (Nuttall, 1471,
447). Spores 5 to6x.75 yp.

. RHOINA Fr.

On Rhus hirta, June 20, 1894. Sporules 5 to8p. (Nut-
tall, 1551, 636).

. CARYIGENA E, & E., Proc. Phila. Acad., 1894, 359.

Type HABITAT: On dead limbs Hicoria ovata, May 31,
1894 (Nuttall, discov. 1524, 513).

Stroma cortical, convex, 1.5 to 2 mm. diameter, slaty-
black, 4 to 6-celled, cells yellowish-white, subglobose, small.
Sporules allantoid, hyaline 3.5 to 4.5 x .75 to I p.

(Spermogonia of Valsa caryigena, B. & C.)?

. RHOoISs-HIRTAE Nuttall, Field Mus. Bot., 1:112 (1896).

On Rhus hirta, June 10, 1894 (Nuttall, 1533, 635).

The form is clearly distinct from C. Rhoina Fr. Cirrus
reddish yellow. Perithecia very prominent. Spores 8 to
IO x 2 to 2.5 p.

Sassirras E. & E. Field Mus. Bot., 1:112 (1896).

TypE HABITAT: On fire-killed twigs of Sassafras Sassa-
fras, Dec. 20, 1894 (Nuttall, discov. 1766, 666). Jamaica,
Long Island (F. C. Stewart).

Stromata thickly scattered, conical, rising from an or-
bicular base about 1 mm. diameter, the black, shining apices
erumpent and roughening the bark, at first multilocular,
becoming unilocular. Sporules allantoid, hyaline, only
slightly curved, 4 to 5 x 1 » borne on simple, straight basidia
about 12 p long.
WEST VIRGINIA GEOLOGICAL SURVEY 61

. Betutina Ehr?

On Betula nigra, Feb. 20, 1894. Cirrus yellowish, spor-
ules, 4 to6x 1 p (Nuttall, 1396, 367).

C. Saticis (Corda) Rabenh?

Nn

On Salix nigra, March 22, 1894 (Nuttall, 1429).

. PLATANI Fckl.

On Platanus occidentalis, March 14, 1894 (Nuttall, 1424,
396).

. LEUCOSPERMA (Pers) Fr.

On Carpinus Caroliniana, Nov. 17, 1893. Sporules 5 x
1 » (Nuttall, 1257).

. CERATOPHORA Sacc.

On Fraxinus Pennsylvanica, Oct. 17, 1893 (Nuttall, 1234,
163).

. CURREYI Sacec?

On Pinus Virginiana, Dec. 13, 1844; on Tsuga Canadensis,
April 15, 1895 (Nuttall, 1771, 697).

. COCCINEA (Reb.) Fr.

On Robinia Pseudacacia, Feb. 2, 1894. Sporules 3 x .75
pw (Nuttall, 1355).
——___—— sp.
Spermogonia of Valsa goniotoma Sz.? On fire-killed
Liquidambar Styraciflua, Oct. 21, 1895 (Nuttall, 1884).

. ORTHOSPORA B. & C.?

On Robinia Pseudacacia, April 20, 1894. Sporules irregu--
lar in shape 12 to 18 x 2.5 to 3 » (Nuttall, 1478, 458).

. CARPHOSPERMA Fr.

On Asinina triloba, Nov. 5, 1893 (Nuttall, 1292, 237).
SPHAEROPSIS Lev.

. LINDERAE Peck.

On dead twigs Benzoin Bengoin, April 8, 1895 (Nuttall,
1795).

. AstmInaE E. & E., Proc., Phila. Acad., 1894, 361.

TYPE HABITAT: On dead limbs Asimina triloba, Feb. 24,
1894 (Nuttall, discov. 1397, 370).

Perithecia scattered or subseriate, buried in the bark which
is raised into little pustules over them and soon ruptured.
Perithecia small (.25 mm.) thick-walled, with an obscurely
papilliform ostiolum. Sporules oblong-elliptical, brown, ob-
tuse, I8 to 22 x 8 to 10 un.

. ASIMINAE FRUCTIGENA E. & E. Field Mus. Bot., 1:113 (1896).

TYPE HABITAT: On old dried-up fruits of Asimina triloba,
Oct. 3, 1895 (Nuttall, discov. 1871, 755).

A fructigenous form of S. Asiminae E. & E. Perithecia
smaller than in the species (110 to 140 ») and more abun-
dant. Sporules a little larger (20 to 24 x g to 12 p).
THE WEST VIRGINIA FLORA

. AmpELopsipis C. & E.

On Parthenocissus quinquefolia, March 30, 1894. Spor-
ules 18 to 20 x IO to 12 p (Nuttall, 1460, 437).

. CERASINA Peck.

On Prunus Peas 1,200 ft., Nov. 22, 1894 (Nuttall,
1740).

. Poysocarrt E. & E., Proc. Phila. Acad., 1894, 361.

Type HABITAT: On dead Opulaster opulifolius, May 2,
1894 (Nuttall, discov. 1502, 482, 480).

Perithecia scattered, .33 mm. diameter, buried in the inner
bark, with their apices and pipilliform ostiola erumpent, white
inside (at first), sometimes, as in the preceding species 2 to
3 confluent. Sporules varying from short-elliptical 12 to
I5 x 10 » to oblong or obovate-elliptical 15 to 20 x 10 p.

Differs from S. Nielliae E. & E. in its buried perithecia
and much larger sporules.

. CELASTRINA Peck.

On branches Celastrus scandens, April 27, 1895 (Nuttall,

1812).

. Marorum Berk.

Berkeley: On Malus Malus at Gerrardstown (Waite).
. OENOTHERAE E. & E., Field Mus. Bot., 1:114 (1896).

TyPE.HABITAT: On dead stems Onagra biennis, Jan. 21,
1895 (Nuttall, discov. 1792, 683).

Perithecia scattered, erumpent, superficial, globose, 200 to
225 p diameter, with a papilliform ostiolum, occasionally
subcollapsing above. Sporules oblong-elliptical, pale brown,
20 to 25 x Io to 12 p on stout basidia shorter than the
sporules. There are indications that the sporules become
finally uniseptate.

. SUMACHI (Schw.) C. & E.

On branches Rhus hirta, March 29, 1894. Sporules 20
to 26 x 8 to 12.5 » (Nuttall, 1439).

. SASSAFRAS C. & E.

On Sassafras Sassafras, April 10, 1895. Sporules 23 x
10 p (Nuttall, 1801, 688).

. PHOMATELLA Peck.
“On Fravinus Americana, March 31, 1894 (Nuttall, 1441).
. CarvaEe,C. & E. .

On hickory barrel-hoop, April 9, 1894. Sporules 18 to
25x 8to ri pw (Nuttall, 1448).

. Iromozake E. & E., Proc. Phila. Acad., 1894, 362.

TYPE HABITAT: On dead peduncles of Ipomoea pandurata,
Dec. 9, 1893 (Nuttall, discov. 1305, 249).

Perithecia scattered, ovate-globose, 250 to 300 p diameter,
the upper part prominent and closely covered by the shining
WEST VIRGINIA GEOLOGICAL SURVEY 63

black epidermis. Sporules elliptical, brown, 18 to 23 x Io
to 13 w on pedicels of about the same length as the sporules.
S. MENIsrerMi Peck.
On Jfenispermum Canadensis, Jan. 17, 1894 (Nuttall,
1343, 302).

CONIOTHYRIUM Corda.
C. Fuckeuit Sacc.
On Parthenocissus quingucfolia, sporules globular, 2 to
2.5 p March 31, 1894 (Nuttall, tag2):
C. CONCENTRICUM (Desm.) Sacc.?
On leaves Yucca filamentosa, Sent: 1, 1894 (Nuttall,
1187).
C. Pirtna (Sacc.) J. L. Sheldon. (Phyllosticta Sacc.)
On leaves Jalus, Greenbrier: at Blue Sulphur Springs

(Vuttall, 1624.) On same, Monongalia: near \lorgantown
(Sheldon).

HAPLOSPORELLA Sperg.

H. Certipis E. & E., Proc. Phila. Acad., 1894, 362.

Type HABITAT: On dead limbs Celtis occidentalis, Feb. 2,
1894 (.Vuttall, discov. 1359, 315).

Perithecia mostly in valsoid clusters of 3 to Io, small, 200
pw white inside, slightly sunk in the inner bark, their papilli-
form ostiola rupturing the epidermis. Sporules elliptical,
brown, continuous, 18 to 22 x 10 to 12 » on basidia of about
the same length as the sporules,

H. Arartae E. & E., Proc. Phila. Acad., 1894, 362.

TYPE HABITAT: On dead limbs -4ralia spinosa, Feb. 26,
1894 (Nuttall, discov. 1406, 375).

Stromata seriate-connate, erumpent through longitudinal
cracks in the bark, and extending from 4 to 5 mm. to 2 or
more centimetres. Perithecia ovate-globose, buried in the
black, subecarbonaceous stroma, 3 to 6 in each single stroma,
about .33 mm. diameter. Sporules elliptical, brown, 20 to
25 x Io to 12 np.

This may be the pycnidia of Botryosphaeria fuliginosa
(ML. & N.).

DIPLODIA Fries.

D. LirropEnpri Peck.
On fire killed Liriodendron Tulipifera, Oct. 16, 1894
(Nuttall, 1710).
D. Saticina Lev.
On dead twigs Salix nigra, March 25, 1894 (Nuttall,

1457).
64
D.

THE WEST VIRGINIA FLORA

Cercipis E. & E., Proc. Phila. Acad., 1894, 363.
Type HABITAT: On dead limbs Cercis Canadensis, April
9, 1894 (Nuttall, discov. 1475, 449). ;
Perithecia subseriate, globose, .33 to .5 mm. diameter.
slightly sunk in the inner bark and splitting the epidermis
with short longitudinal clefts. Sporules elliptical, 20 to
23 x Io to 15 w on stout basidia, uniseptate.

. INFUSCANS E. & E., Proc. Phila. Acad., 1894, 363.

TYPE HABITAT: On bark of dead limbs Fraxinus Ameri-
cana, April 27, 1894 (Nuttall, discov. 1492, 459).

Perithecia ovate-globose, small, 110 to 150 pm diamete:,
thickly scattered, blackening both the outer and inner sur-
face of the bark. . Ostiolum not conspicuous, obscurely
papilliform. Sporules oblong-elliptical, 12 to 15 x 8 to Io yw
scarcely constricted.

In D. inquinans West, the sporules and perithecia are
larger, and the bark is not blackened within.

. ATRATA (Desm.) Sacc.

On dead limbs Acer Negundo, April 20, 1894 (Nuttall,
1465).

. CARYIGENA E. & E., Proc. Phila. Acad., 1894, 363.

TYPE HABITAT: On dead limbs Hicoria ovata, May 31,
1894 (Nuttall, discov. 1525). Also Canada (Dearness.)

Perithecia subseriate, sunk in the inner bark, covered by
the epidermis, which is raised into pustules and ruptured,
about .5 mm. diameter, black. Sporules elliptical, brown,
uniseptate, scarcely constricted, 15 to 20 x 8 to 10 » (Pycnidia
of Valsa caryigena B. & C.).

. ViticoLa Desm.

On Vitis, March 26, 1894. No septum visible in sporules
(Nuttall, 1443, 412). :

. ILICICOLA Desm. ?

On Ilex opaca, Dec. 20, 1894. Sporules 22 to 25 x 11 to
13 » (Nuttall, 1777, 667).

. Rupr Fr.

On Rubus cult., Feb. 19, 1895. Sporules 20 x 8 to 12 u
(Nuttall, 1789).

. INQUINANS West.

On Fraxinus Americana, April 27, 1894 (Nuttall, 14901,
459).

. JucLanpis Fr.

On Juglans cinerea, April 9, 1894 (Nuttall, 1449).

. Maypis (Berk.) Sacc.

On Zea Mays, Aug. to, 1895. Spores 30 x 4 p (Nuttall,
1840, 729).
WEST VIRGINIA GEOLOGICAL SURVEY 65

D. parapHysATa E. & E.? Bull. Torr. Club, 24 :288 (1897).
Perithecia subcuticular, depressed-globose, pilose-tomen-
tose, black (white inside), 300-400 » diam. with papilliform
osteolum raising the epidermis into pustules and finally rup-
turing it, thickly scattered, often 2-3 sub-confluent; sporules
ovate-elliptical, hyaline at first, then brown and uniseptate
but not constricted, 22-27 x 12-15 p, accompanied by stout
branching paraphyses 100-110 m long by 1.5-2 » thick and
borne on stout basidia mostly shorter than the sporules.
On bark of Tilia, in company with Malanconis tiliacea.
Fayette: near Nuttallburg, March, 1896. (Nuttall, 832).

BOTRYODIPLODIA Sace. s

B. Acerina E. & E., Proc. Phila. Acad., 1894, 363.
Type Habitat: On dead limbs Acer Pennsylvanicum,
Feb. 2, 1894 (Nuttall, discov. 1362, 319).

Perithecia erumpent in botryoidal clusters, often seri-
ately confluent for 1 or more cm., about .5 mm. diameter,
white inside, flattish above, with a broad papilliform osti-
olum. Sporules elliptical, brown, uniseptate, 20 to 25 x 12
to 15 » on basidia of about the same length.

B, ——————— _ sp.

; Stylosporus stage ? of Pseudovalsa sigmoidea (C. & E.)
On dead limbs Quercus Prinus, with that species. Spores
brown, I-septate 25 x 12.5 » (Nuttall, 1829).

ASCOCHYTA Lib.
A. CLEMATIDINA Thum.
On Clematis Virginiana, Aug. 10, 1895 (Nuttall, 1842,
733):
ACTINONEMA Fries.

A RosaE (Lib.) Fr.
On Rosa cult., June 27, 1894 (Nuttall, 1563).

HENDERSONIA Berk.
H. Liretia Cooke.
On Salix nigra falcata, April 23, 1894 (Nuttall, 1480,
460). Sporules 15 x 7.5 pw.
H. Desmazier1 Mont.
On bark of limbs Platanus occidentalis, April 24, 1894.
Sporules + 40 x 22 » (Nuttall, 1466).

STAGONOSPORA Sace.
S. pETIOLORUM E. & E., Proc. Phila. Acad., 1894, 365.
Type HABITAT: On dead petioles Aralia spinosa, Feb. 17,
1894 (Nuttall, discov. 1389, 357).
66 THE WEST VIRGINLA FLORA

Perithecia scattered, innate, small, slightly prominent and
covered by the shining, blackened epidermis, 150 to 250 u
diameter, mostly sub-elliptical. Sporules oblong, hyaline,
nucleate, becoming one or more septate, 12 to 20x 2 to 5 mw

S. PEDUNCULI E. &°E., Proc. Phila. Acad., 1893, 457.

Type HABITAT: On old fruit peduncles Magnolia Fraseri
(not LirtopENDRON TuLrpIrera, loc. cit.). Short Creek,
July 25, 1893 (Nuttall, discov. 1135, 119).

Perithecia gregarious, pustuliform, about .33 mm. diame-
ter, covered by the blackened epidermis. Sporules cylin-
drical, 18 to 22 x 2 to 2.5 », multinucleate, hyaline, straight.

S. Puysocarri E. & E., Proc. Phila. Acad., 1894, 365.

Type HABITAT: On dead stems and limbs Opulaster opuli-
folius, May 12, 1894 (Nuttall discov. 1505, 485).

Perithecia scattered, depressed-hemispherical ; 200 to 250 »
diameter, sunk in the bark, with the upper. part prominent
but covered by the epidermis, which is pierced by the papilli-
form ostiolum, white inside. Sporules linear, multiseptate,
hyaline 25 to 35 x 3 to4 um.

S. COLLAPSA (C. & E.) Sacc.

On Acer saccharinum, Jan. 26, 1894. Sporules 15 to 23 x

3 » (Nuttall, 1353, 309).
S. ——————__ sp.

On Chionanthus Virginica (Nuttall, 1462, 440). Spores
+ 25 x 7 u 4-septate. This may prove to be only a stylos-
porus stage of some Diothidaceous species—Ellis.

GLOMERELLA S. & Von S.

G. RUFOMACULANS (Berk.) S. & von S. Berkeley: on A/alus
Malus fruit at Gerrardstown (Waite).

CAMAROSPORUM Schulz.

C. Linperaz E. & E., Field Mus. Bot., 1:117 (1806).

Type HABITAT: On dead limbs Bensoin Benzoin, April 15,
1895 (Nuttall, discov. 1808, 694).

Perithecia scattered, semierumpent .75 mm. diameter, the
upper ‘part, except the papilliform, erumpent ostiolum, cov-
ered by the closely adherent epidermis, which is raised into
distinct, hemispherical pustules. Sporules oblong, 3-septate
with 1 to 2 cells divided by a longitudinal septum, brown,
obtuse, not constricted 12 to 18 (mostly 12 to 15) x 5 to7
The perithecia are of a firm consistence and slaty-black inside

SEPTORIA Fries.
S. Tecomag E. & E., Proc. Phila. Acad., 1894, 367.
Tyee HABITAT: On leaves Tecoma radicans, Aug. 11
1894 (Nuttall, discov. 1671, 580).
WEST VIRGINIA GEOLOGICAL SURVEY 67

Spots light brown (wood color), irregular in shape, small.
1.5 to 2 mm., inconspicuous and indistinctly margined.
Perithecia immersed, snrall (65 to 70 ») barely visible with a
lens. Sporules 40 to 50 x 2 to 2.5 p», not strongly curved,
nucleate, hyaline.

S. BrassicaeE E. & E., Field Mus. Bot., 1:117 (1896).

TYPE HABITAT: On leaves Brassica nigra, Nov. 26, 1894
(Nuttall, discov. 1759, 646).

Spots suborbicular or subangular, 3 to 4 mm. diameter,
dull white with a narrow, darker and sometimes slightly
raised border. Perithecia epiphyllous, numerous, sublenticu-
lar, pale brown, coarsely cellular, broadly perforated above,
100 to 115 » diameter. Sporules numerous, curved, obtuse,
continuous, hyaline, 25 to 45 x 2 to 3 p.

Closely allied to S. Sisymbrii Ell., but that has the spots
greenish at first and never becoming more than whitish and
the sporules 1 to 3-septate.

S. Rus West.

On living leaves Rubus Canadensis, \Vood Co., Lockhart’s
Run, 1891 (Afilispaugh). On same host July 26, 1894
(Nuttall, 1627).
S. CorNI-MARIS Sace.
On Cornus florida, alt. 1,700 ft., July 19, 1894 (\uttall,
1612).
S. corNIcoLA Desmz..
On Cornus alternifolia, Sewell Valley, Aug. 6, 1894
(Nuttall, 1647).
. KALMIAECOLA (Schw.) B. & C.
On living leaves Kalmia latifolia, 1891, \lonongalia Co., at
Camp Eden (A/illspaugh).
. OCHROLEUCA B. & C.
On leaves Castanea dentata, June 30, 1894. Maximum
number of perithecia in a single macula 20 (.\uttall, 1579).
S. MICROSPERMA Peck.
On Betula lenta, alt. 1,200 ft., Oct .24, 1894. Sporules +
18 x .25 » (Nuttall, 1722).
S. Porvantaz E. & E., Proc. Phila. Acad., 1894, 368.
Type HABITAT: On leaves Polyinnia Uvedalia, June 29.
1894 (Nuttall, discov. 1595, 543).
Spots, scattered, angular, limited by the veinlets, 2 to 4
mm. diameter, dirty green. Perithecia epiphyllous, minute,
75 m diameter, scattered, innate, inconspicuous. Sporules fili-
form, continuots, 35 to 50 x I to 1.25 up.
S. TRAUTVETTERIAE E. & E., Proc. Phila. Acad., 1894, 368.
Type HABITAT: On Trautvetteria Carolinensis, July 20.
1894 (Nuttall, discov. 1632, 564).
Spots irregular, subangular, partly limited by the veinlets

Nn

Nn
68 THE WEST VIRGINIA FLORA

of the leaf, often elongated and acute at one end, brownish-
black, with an irregularly shaped white center, which is well
defined, angular, 3 to 5 mm. in the longer diameter. Peri-
thecia epiphyllous, but also visible below, small (65 to 75 »),
scattered, dark. Sporules abundant, nearly straight or slight-
ly curved, continuous, 22 to 30 x 2 p. :

Differs from S. Anemonis Desm. in its broad, dark--
margined white-centered spots, and rather longer and thicker
sporules.

S. HyALINA E. & E., Proc. Phila. Acad., 1894, 368.

Type Habitat: On Viola primulaefolia, July 26, 1894
(Nuttall, discov. 1641, 572). Also on VY. blanda, Michigan
(Hicks) ; and on V. lanceolata, Massachusetts (Miss Clarke).

Spots minute (.5 to 1 mm.) white, with a dark purple-
shaded border. Perithecia punctiform, black, epiphyllous,
subglobose, 65 to 75 » diameter, not abundant. Sporules
filiform, nearly straight, or slightly curved, hyaline, nucleate,
not visibly septate, 20 to 40 (mostly 25 to 35) x I to 1.25 p.

S. Violae West, has yellowish-brown perithecia on pale
zonate spots with a reddish-brown border.

S. acicuLosa E. & E.

On Fragaria cult., Nov. 3, 1894. Sporules 15 to 25 x .75

(Nuttall, 1731).
S. HELrantTuHI E. & K.

On Helianthus decapetalus, Oct. 29, 1894. Sporules 50 x

2 » (Nuttall, 1723).
S. LeprostacHyak E. & K.

On leaves Phryma Leptostachya, July 4, 1894. Sporules

20 to 25 x 1 p» (Nuttall, 1584).
S. NoLitancERE Thum.

On Impatiens biflora, Aug. 5, 1894. Sporules 20 to 25 x

1.5 to 2 w (Nuttall, 1649).
S. VIOLAE West.

On Viola sagittata, June 30, 1893. Sporules + 25 x 1.25

mw (Nuttall, 1577).
S. SAXIFRAGAE Pass.
On Heuchera Americana, June 10, 1894. Sporules 15 to
20 x 2.5 to 3 w (Nuttall, 1544, 521).
S. LopeLtaz Peck.
On Lobelia cardinalis, June 22, 1894 (Nuttall, 1559).
S. SCROPHULARIAE Peck.

On Scrophularia Marilandica, June 10, 1894. Sporules 40

to 50 » long (Nuttall, 1538).
S. VERBENAE Rob. & Desm.

On leaves Verbena urticacfolia, Jefferson Co., near Shen-

andoah Junction (Millspaugh).
WEST VIRGINIA GEOLOGICAL SURVEY 69

. PSILOSTEGA E, & M.
On Galium circaczans, July 14, 1894 (Nuttall, 1604).
. Nazsaci B, & C.?
On Prenanthes serpentaria, June 8, 1894 (Nuttall, 1536).
. ATRO-PURPUREA Peck.

On Aster cordifolius, Nov. 24, 1894. Sporules + 35 to
55 x1 to 1.5 » (Nuttall, 1757, 644).
. Potyconorum Desm.

On Polygonum Hydropiper, June 8, 1894. Sporules 25 to
40 x 1.5 p (Nuttall, 1537).
. SMILACINAE E, & M.

On Vagnera racemosa (Smitacina), Aug. 14, 1894.
Macule suffused with the marginal color late in season
(Nuttall, 1252).

RHABDOSPORA Mont.
. KALMIARUM (Schw.)*
Sphaeria Kalmianum Schw. On Kalmia latifolia, Aug.
26, 1894 (Nuttall, 1685, 590).

PHLYCTAENA Mont & Desm.

. VAGABUNDA Desm.
On Vernonia Noveboracensis, Phytolacca decandra and
Onagra biennis, March 18, 1894 (Nuttall, 1436, 408).
. SEPTORIOIDES Sacc.
On Phytolacca decandra, May 25, 1894, (Nuttall, 1498).

P. Ipomograz E. & E., Proc. Phila. Acad., 1894, 369.

TYPE HABITAT: On calyx lobes Ipomoea pandurata, Dec.
9, 1894 (Nuttall, discov. 1305, 250).

Perithecia scattered, subcuticular, 75 to 80 mw diameter,
covered by the blackened, slightly raised epidermis. Spor-
ules linear, hyaline, curved above, 15 to 20 x 1.25 p.

. ARCUATA Berk.

On Onagra bienmis, March 18, 1894. Sporules 30 to 35 x

75 w« (Nuttall, 1433, 403).

GELATINOSPORUM Peck.
. BETULINUM Peck.
On Betula lenta, April 12, 1895. Sporules subfiliform
nearly semicircular, 32 to 40 x 2.5 » (Nuttall, 1797).

SPHAEROGRAPHUM Sacc.

. HystTRiciInuM (Ell) Sacc.
On Azalea viscosa, May 4, 1894. Sporules narrowly
arcuate-falcate 34 x 3 p (Nuttall, 1501, 481).

 

*Transferred to Rhabdospora by E. & E.
ZO THE WEST VIRGINIA FLORA

S. Fraxini (Peck) Sacc.
On dead limbs Fraxinus Americana, Short Creek, alt. 1,300
ft., July 16, 1894. Sporules 50 to 60 x 2.5 w (Nuttall, 1609).

NECTRIOIDACEAE.,

ASCHERSONIA Mont.
A.

 

—__— sp.
On Cornus florida. Spores 3 to 5 x .75 » (Nuttall, 1800,
687).

LEPTOSTROMACEAE.

LEPTOTHYRIUM Kunze & Schm.
L. Pyrr Sacc. :
Berkeley: On Afalus Malus at Gerrardstown (Waite).

sp.
On living leaves flex opaca, Aug., 1894 (Nuttall, 1679,
584). Maculz white.
L. Liriopenpri Cke.
On dead fallen leaves Lirtodendron Tulipifera, April 17,
1895 (Nuttall, 1805).
L. pryInuM Sacc.
On living leaves Quercus rubra, alt. 1,300 ft., June 29,
1894 (Nuttall, 1592, 540).
L. CasTANEAE (Spr.) Sacc.
On fallen leaves Castanea dentata, April 17, 1895 (Nuttall.
1806).
L. PETIOLORUM —————__—-var.
On dead leaves Magnolia Fraseri, April 11, 1895. Sporules
5 x 1 p (Nuttall, 1802, 689).
L? FORAMINULATUM Sacc. & EI.
On fallen leaves Ilex opaca, Aug. 16, 1894. Sporules 25 x
3 p (Nuttall, 1657).
L. vuLGARE (Fr.) Sacc.
On Dioscorea villosa, on Aralia spinosa, and on Onagra
biennis. Sporules 5 to 7 x .75 » on each host, Feb. 8, 1894
(Nuttall, 1368, 323).

SACIDIUM Nees.

S. Viris E. & E., Field Mus. Bot., 1:121 (1806).
Tyre HABITAT: On Vitis cordifolia, Nov. 6, 1893 (Nuttall,
1254, 198). Fungi Columbiani 290, N. A. F., 3067.
Perithecia scattered; scutellate not perforated, 180 to 220
pw diameter. Sporules oblong-cylindrical, straight or curved,
15 to 20x 4 to 5 w», filled with small nuclei.
WEST VIRGINIA GEOLOGICAL SURVEY 71

In the specimens of Sacidium viticolum, B. & C. in Rav.
F. Am. the sporules are ovate or elliptical, 6 to 7 x 5 pw, and
the perithecia are only 75 to 100 p diameter.

DISCOSIA Lib.
. ARTOCERAS (Tode) Fr.

On Castanca dentata, Oct. 20, 1893. On Epigaea repens,
Jan. 18, 1894. On Betula lutea, Fraxinus Pennsylvanica,
Alagnoha Fraseri, Cornus florida, Sassafras Sassafras, and
Cephalanthus occidentalis (Nuttall, 1228, 173).

. MACULICOLA Ger.

On living leaves Disporum lanuginosum, Grant Co., near
Bayard (Millspaugh). On Smilax rotundifolia and Oxyden-
dron arboreum, July 8, 1894 (Nuttall, 1598).

. RUGULOSA B. & C,

Parasitic on upper surface of the maculz of Phyllosticta

caryigena, July 2, 1894 (Nuttall, 1583).

ENTOMOSPORIUM Lev.
. MACULATUM Lev.

On living leaves and fruits Pyrus communis cult., Monon-
galia Co., Morgantown (Milispaugh).

LEPTOSTROMELLA Sacc.
. FILIcINA (B. & C.) Sacc.
On Dryopteris spinulosa, May 4, 1894 (Nuttall, 1487).

EXCGIPULACE AE,

DINEMASPORIUM Ley.
. HISPIDULUM (Schrad.) Sacc.

On -{simina triloba, March 9, 1894. Sporules 14 to 18 x
2 to 2.3 » (Nuttall, 1422, 394).

METANCONIACEAE.

HAINESIA Ell. & Sacc.
. Rust (West).
On leaves of Rubus cult. Oct. 28, 1895 (Nuttall, 1880).

GLOEOSPORIUM Desm. & Mont.

——_—_——— sp.
On leaves of Cercis Canadensis (Nuttall, 985). Sporules
18x 7.5, + 20x 7.5.23 x 7,25 x Ou.
. SANGUINARIAE E. & E., Proc. Phila. Acad., 1894, 371.
Type HABITAT: On leaves Sanguinaria Canadensis, July
8, 1894 (Nuttall, discov. 1601, 555).
72

G.

G.

G.

THE WEST VIRGINIA FLORA

Spots yellow, oblong or irregular, 3 to 5 mm. diameter,
situated near the apex of the leaf which is more or less uni-
formly blackened. Acervuli epiphyllous, numerous, innate,
yellow and conspicuous. Conidia oblong, hyaline, continuous,
mostly a little curved, 8 to 15 x 3.5 to 5.5 p.

aAripuM E. & H.
On Fravinus Pennsylvanica, June 10, 1894 (Nuttall, 1545,
518).
Rumicis E. & E., Field Mus. Bot., 1:122 (1896).

Type HABITAT: On leaves Rumex obtusifolius, Oct. 27,
1894 (Nuttall, discov. 1729, 617).

Spots reddish-brown, lighter in the center, more or less
distinctly zonate, 3 to 4 mm. diameter, margin darker. Acer-
vuli innate, small. Sporules erumpent above, oblong, hyaline,
continuous, 5 to 8 x 2 to 2.5 pw.

The spots resemble those of Ovularia obliqua Cke., on
Ramularia decipiens E. & E.

Atni E. & E., Field Mus. Bot., 1:123 (1896).

Type HABITAT: On living leaves Alnus rugosa, Nov. 24,
1894 (Nuttall, discov. 1737, 624).

Spots dirty brown, suborbicular, indistinctly zonate, .5 to
1 cm. diameter, paler in the center, border concolorous, rather
indefinite; acervuli epiphyllous, numerous, small, too to 120
» diameter, chestnut color, becoming darker ; conidia oblong-
elliptical, 12 to 16 x 6 to 8 p.

Differs from G. cylindrospermum Bon., on the same host,
in its much broader conidia, and from G. rubicolum E. & E.
in the different character of the spots and rather broader
conidia.

. NERVISEQUUM (Fckl.) Sace.

On leaves Platanus occidentalis, June 10, 1894. Sporules
12.5 to 18x 4 to 6p (Nuttall, 1555, 526).

. ROBERGEI Desm.

On Carpinus Caroliniana; July 16, 1894 (Nuttall, 1608).

. BETULARUM EIl. & Mart.

On Betula nigra, sporules 10 x 7 p, July 16, 1894 (Nutt-
all, 1607).

. CYLINDROSPERMUM Bon.

On leaves of Alnus rugosa. Spores 8 to 10 x 2 to 2.5 p
(Nuttall, 1875).

. VENETUM Speg.

On living leaves of Rubus strigosus, Sept. 19, 1895 (Nutt-
all, 1859).

. RuBICOLUM E. & E., Field Mus. Bot., 1:123 (1896).

Tyre waBitatT: On leaves of Rubus strigosus (Nuttall,

discov. 747).
Spots at first numerous, angular, small and yellowish or
WEST VIRGUINDA GEOLOGICAL SURVEY 73

reddish-yellow, soon confluent forming large, brown, dry,
dead spots of irregular shape and indefinite outline, occupy-
ing a large part of the leaf. Acervuli not numerous, scat-
tered, epiphyllous, prominent, resembling perithecia; conidia
oblong-elliptical, 12 to 16 x 6 to 7 p.

Differs from G. Rubi E. & E. in its larger, fewer, black
acervuli and broader conidia, which also are about twice
as large as in G. Venetuim Speg.

MYXOSPORIUM Link.

M. Lurem E. & E., Proc. Phila. Acad., 1893, 458.

Type HABITAT: On bark Hicoria ovata, April to July.
1893 (Nuttall, discov. 1015, 79). E. & E. N. A. F. 2953.
Fungi Columbiani 150.

Stroma globose-conical, light yellow, .75 to 1 mm. diam-
eter, slightly sunk in the inner bark, unilocular and opening
by a single pore. The surface of the inner bark around
this pore is of a pale slate color, the colored portion definitely
limited by a black line so as to form an irregular circle
about 2 mm. across, but this line does not penetrate the bark.
Sporules navicular-oblong, hyaline, obtuse, Io to II x 4 to
5 » with 1 to 2 large nuclei. Basidia slender-cylindrical 15
to 20 x 1.5 w. Mass of exuded sporules flesh color.

M. Ruots (B. & C.) Sace.
On fire killed Rhus hirta, June 20, 1895 (Nuttall, 1575,

537)
M. pLlatanicotum E. & E., Proc. Phila. Acad., 1894, 372.

Type HABITAT: On limbs Platanus occidentalis, April 24,
1894 (Nuttall, discov. 1485, 467).

Acervuli subcutaneous, vesiculoid, paie, 1 mm. diameter,
raising the ruptured epidermis into pustules but not erump-
ent. Sporules oval or oblong-ovate, hyaline, nucleate at first,
10 to I2 x § to 6 p, on stout basidia.

M. serratum E,. & E., Proc. Phila. Acad., 1894, 372.

Type HABITAT: On bark of Acer sp., June, 1894 (Nuttall,
discov. 1552, 523).

Nuclei pallid, orbicular, about 1 mm. diameter, seated
on the surface of the inner bark; surrounded by a thin
layer of smoky colored radiating hyphe, from the inner
extremities of which the botuliform or oblong, 6 to 8 x 2
to 2.5 » hyaline conidia are produced. The nuclei are seri-
ately arranged, and the pale flesh-colored, flattish cirrhi are
erumpent through narrow, longitudinal cracks in the bark.
74 THE WEST VIRGINIA FLORA

COLLETOTRICHUM Corda.

C. LinpEMUTHIANUM (S. & M.) Scrib.
On pods of Phaseolus cult. “Wax, Butter Bean.” Monon-
galia Co., near Morgantown, 1891 (Millspaugh).
—— sp.
On Sassafras Sassafras, Oct. 15, 1894. Sporuies 8 to 18
x 4 to 7 w (Nuttall, 1714, 602).
C. LINEOLA Corda.
On Zea Mays, Aug. 10, 1895 (Nuttall, 1834, 726).
C. LAGENARIUM (Pass.) Ell. & Halst.
On watermelon, Monongalia, near Morgantown (Sheldon).

C.

 

CYLINDROSPORIUM Ung.

C. Crataeci E. & E., Proc. Phila., Acad., 1894, 372.

TYPE HABITAT: On leaves Crataegus sp., July 26, 1894
(Nuttall, discov. 1640, 571).

Leaves more or less mottled with rusty red, at length uni-
formly of this same color. Acervuli innate, erumpent on
both sides, and whitening the surface of the leaf with abun-
dantly discharged conidia, which are 75 to 100 x 3 to 3.5 wu,
nearly straight or more or less undulate and curved, nucleate,
and faintly 3 to 5 septate.

C. ToxicopENDRI (Curtis) E. & E. Proc. Phila. Acad., 1893, 460.

On leaves Rhus radicans, June 29, 1894. Sporules, largest,
50 x 3 p (Nuttall, 1568).

LIBERTELLA Desm.

L. FAGINEA Desm.

On bark of dead Fagus atropunicea, Grant Co., near
Bayard (Millspaugh). On dead Prunus sp. cult. Aug. Io,
1895. Cirrus bright red. Sporules variously curved 15 to
25x I w (Nuttall, 1843, 734).

——_—_—_———— sp.
On felled Robinia Pseudacacia, April 4, 1894. Sporules
15 to 20x .75 to 1 » (Nuttall, 1470, 446).
L. AcerRINA Westend.
On Acer rubrum or saccharinum, April 4, 1894. Sporules
hyaline, 15 to 18 x 1 » (Nuttall, 1445).

MELANCONIUM Link,

M. pALLipuM Peck.
On dead limbs Hicoria ovata. Sporules + 20 x 5 pg.
May 31, 1894 (Nuttall, 1514).
M. ostoncum Berk.
On dead limbs Juglans cinerea. Sporules 20 x 10 to 2 pn,
Dec. 5, 1893 (Nuttall, 1291, 236).
WEST VIRGINIA GFOLOGICAL SURVEY 75

M. srcoLor Nees.
On Betula nigra, May 2, 1894 (Nuttall, 1489).

THYRSIDIUM Mont.

T. HEDERICOLUM CaRPINI Sacc.
On dead shoots Carpinus Caroliniana, May 2, 1894 (Nutt
all, 1486).

MARSONIA Fisch.

M. Juctanpvis (Lib.) Sacc.
On Juglans cinerea, June 22, 1894 (Nuttall, 1560).
M. Martini Sacc. & Ell.
On Quercus alba, velutina, et Prinus, Aug. 18, 1894 (Nutt-

all, 1674, 583) ss

CORYNEUM Nees.

C. cuputatum E. & E., Proc. Phila. Acad., 1894, 374.
TyPE HABITAT: On dead limbs Tsuga Canadensis, Short
Creek, Dec. 16, 1893 (Nuttall, discov. 1317, 272).
Erumpent superficial. Acervuli tuberculiform, black, 1 to
1.5 mm. diameter, hollowed out so as to be cup-shaped above.
Conidia clavate, sessile, 6 to 9 septate, brown, 60 to 80 x
12 to 15 p.
C. pUSTULATUM Peck.,
On dead limbs Castanea dentata, Dec. 7, 1893 (Nuttall,

1383).

PESTALOZZIA DeNot.
P, ——_—————— sp.
On leaves Geum Canadense, Oct. 24, 1894 (Nuttall, 1734).
Sporules 20 x 6 pw. Sete 5 to 12 mw long.
P, FUNEREA Desm.
On Ipomoea pandurata, Sept. 19, 1895. Spores 23 to 25 x
6 to 7.5 » (Nuttall, 1862, 750).
P. Gueprini Desm.
On leaves Rhododendron maximum, R. Catawbiense and
tgalia viscosa. Spores 18 to 20 x 8 », Aug. 2, 1894 (Nutr
all, 1149).
P. Jerrerisi Ell?
On Opulaster opulifolius, sporules 10 to 15 x 4 to 5 and
25 x 5 », May 7, 1894 (Nuttall, 1509).
P. Toxtca E. & E., Proc. Phila. Acad., 1894, 374.
Type HABITAT: On leaves Rhus radicans, Aug. 18, 1894
(Nuttall, 1670, 567).
Spots and perithecia as in Phyllosticta rhoicola E. & E.
Sporules clavate-oblong, 4-septate, 12 to 15 x 4 to 5 p, 3
THE WEST VIRGINIA FLORA

intermediate cells pale brown, end cells short, conical, hyaline,
the upper cell with a crest of 3 short, spreading hyaline
bristles 6 to 7 » long. Distance between the two extreme
cells 12 p», pedicels shorter than the spores.

STEGANOSPORIUM Corda.
. CASTANEAE Lib?
On Castanea dentata, Nov. 14, 1893 (Nuttall, 1275, 221).
. PIRIFORME (Hoffm.) Corda.
On dying Acer rubrum, June 12, 1894 (Nuttall, 1553).
. MURICATUM Bon.

On dead limbs Betula nigra in drift-wood along river,
Oct. 21, 1895. Spores 35 to 50x 15 to 18 w (Nuttall, 1878).

USTILAGINACEAE.

USTILAGO Pers.

. TRITICI (Pers.) Rostr.
On living leaves Triticum vulgare. Clinton, North Am
Flora, 7:8.
. UTRICULOSA (Nees) Tul.
On Polygonum Pennsylvanicum. Clinton, North Am.
Flora, 7:22. (Sheldon, 2230).
. ANOMALA J. Kunze.
On Plygonum scandens. Clinton, North Am. Flora, 7:22.
. AVENAE (Pers.) Jens. (U. segetwm of Flora).
On living heads of wheat and oats, Monongalia Co., near
Morgantown; Lewis Co., near Alum Bridge; Taylor Co.,
near Thornton (Millspawgh).
. TRICUSPIDIS, Ell & Gall.
On Sieglingia seslerioides. Clinton, North Am. Flora,
ipaecy
. ZEAE (Beckm.) Unger. (U. Maydis Corda).
On living ears and tassels of sweet corn, prevalent in
Monongalia Co., 1891; near Morgantown (Millspaugh). On
garden corn, July 31, 1894 (Nuttall, 1636).
. LAEvIS (Kell. & Swing.) Magn. (U. avenae laevis, Kell &
Swing.).
On oats, Sewell Mountain, alt. 2,600 ft., Aug. 23, 1894
(Nuttall, 1678).
. PERENNANS Rostr.
On Arrhenatherum elatius (Sheldon, 2361).
. CESATI F. de W.
On Panicum sanguinale (Sheldon, 910).
WEST VIRGINIA GEOLOGICAL SURVEY 77.

SPHACELOTHECA DeBary.

. Hypropirerts (Schum.) DeBary.

On Polygonum sagittatum. Clinton, North Am. Flora,
7 130.

TILLETIA Tul.

. STRIAEFORMIS (West) Wint.

On Phleum pratense, Poa pratensis and Agrostis alba
(Sheldon, 51, 1589, 1380, 3556, 507). ~

. Triticr (Bjerk.) Wint.

Ustilago tritici, C. Bauhin. On living leaves of wheat,
Monongalia Co., near Morgantown (Millspaugh).

ENTYLOMA DeBy.

E. FLoerKEAE Holw.

On Floerkea proserpinacoides (Sheldon, 3549).

E. MENISPERMI Pass.

te

On Menispermaum Canadense (Sheldon, 1050).

GRAPHIOLA Poit.

. Puoentcis (Moug.) Poit.

On a species of cultivated Phoenix (Sheldon, 757).
UROCYSTIS Rabenh.

. ANEMONES (Pers.) Wint.

On living leaves and under stem cuticle of Actaea alba,
Monongalia Co., near Morgantown (Millspaugh).

. CARCINODES (B. & C.) Fisch. de Waldh.

On Actea alba. Clinton, North Am. Flora, 7:57.

. AGRopyri (Preuss) Schroet.

On Elymus? sp. (Sheldon, 2952).
UREDINACEAE.
NIGREDO Roussel.

. PEDATATA (Schw.) Arthur.

On Andropogon Virginicus (Sheldon, 2768, 2234, 3248,
3292). Arthur, North Am. Flora, 7:223. On Viola, Monon-
galia, Morgantown (Sheldon, 3249, 3579, 3580).

N. Stceuit (Burrill) Arthur.

On Juncus tenuis. Arthur, North Am. Flora, 7 :2309.

N. Juncr-errust (Sydow) Arthur.

On Juncus effusus. Arthur, North Am. Flora, 7 :240.
On same (Sheldon, 1102, 2436), and on J. tenuis (Sheldon,

2305, 2349, 3195).
78

N.

N.

N.

N.

N.

N.

N.

N.

N.

THE WEST VIRGINIA FLORA

HOUSTONIATA (Schw-) J. Sheldon. (.fecidium Houstonianwin
Schw.).

On Houstonia caerulea, Monongalia, near Morgantown
(Millspaugh). On Houstonia longifolia, Fayette, near Nutt-
allburg (Nuttall, 1518). On Sisyrinchium graminoides,
Monongalia, near Morgantown (Sheldon, 2328, 2346). On
HZ. coerulea (Sheldon, 13, 38, 39, 539). On AH. purpurea
(Sheldon, 2924).

Potyconi (Pers.) Arthur. (Uromyces Polygom Fckl.).

On Polygonum erectum, Fayette, near Nuttallburg (Nutt-
all).

LESPEDEZAE-PROCUMBENTIS (Schw.) Arthur. (Uromyces Les-
pedezae Pk.).

On Lespedeza violacea, Monogalia, near Morgantown
(Millspaugh). On L. frutescens, Arthur, North Am. Flora,
7 :248 (Sheldon).

HEDYSARI-PANICULATI (Schw.) Arthur. (Uromyces Farl.).

On living leaves Meibomia canescens, Mason, near Point
Pleasant (Mullspaugh). On leaves M. paniculata, Fayette,
near Nuttallburg (Nuttall, 1610). On several Meibomias
(Sheldon).

FALLENS (Desmaz.) Arthur.

On Trifolium pratense, Arthur, North Am. Flora, 7:255
(Sheldon, 2330).

Trirotir (Hedw. f.) Arthur. (Uromyces Trifolit Lev.).

On living leaves Trifolium pratense, Mason, near Point
Pleasant (Millspaugh). On Trifolium, Fayette, near Nutt-
allburg (Nuttall, 1604). On T. hybridwm and repens, Ar-
thur, North Am. Flora, 7:255 (Sheldon, 641, 1686, 3233,
3232).
Mepicacints (Pass.) Arthur.

On Medicago lupulina, Arthur, North Am. Flora, 7 :256
(Sheldon, 1982).

APPENDICULATA (Pers.) Arthur. (Uromyces appendiculatus
Fr.). ;

On living leaves of Phaseolus vulgaris, Monongalia, near
Morgantown (Millspaugh). On P. polystachus and Stro-
phostyles pauciflora, Arthur, North Am. Flora, 7:258. On
Phaseolus helvolus (Post, 1733). On Ph. polystachus (Shel-
don, 4212).

PROEMINENS (DC.) Arthur.

On Poinsettia dentata, Ohio, near Wheeling (Millspaugh).
On same (Sheldon, 931, 2617), and on Chamaesyce Preslii
(932, 1035).
WEST- VIRGINIA GEOLOGICAL SURVEY 7%

i a lama (Schw.) Arthur. (Uromyces Hyperici
urt.).

On Hypericum mutilum, Fayette, at Rupert’s (Nuttall,
1625).

. Hower (Peck) Arthur. (Uromyees Howet Peck).

On Asclepias Syriaca, Fayette, near Nuttallburg (Nuttall,
1869). Summers, near Lowell (Pollard & Maxon, 130).
On 4A. amplexicaulis, incarnata, and on Vincetoxicum gono-
carpos, Arthur, North Am, Flora, 7:265. On same (Shel-
don, 1015, 1961, 1976); on Asclepias obtusifolius (Sheldon,
1934); on A. incarnata (Sheldon, 3182).

. SPERMACOcES (Schw.) Arthur.

On Diodia teres, Arthur, North Am. Flora, 7: 267 (Shel-
don, 2028).

. CaLtapir (Schw.) Arthur. (Uromyces Caladii Farl.).

On Arisaema triphyllum, Fayette, near Nuttallburg (Nutt-
all, 1511). On A. dracontium (Sheldon, 1321, 1620).

. CARYOPHYLLINA (Schrank) Arthur.

On Dianthus caryophyllus (Sheldon, 34).

. RuyncosporaE (Ellis) Arthur.

On Rhyncospora glomerata (Sheldon, 2688).
. PLUMBARIA (Peck) Arthur.

On Onagra biennis (Sheldon, 2323).

UROMYCES Link.

. TEREBINTHI (DC.)

On living leaves Rhus radicans, Oct. 17, 1895 (Nuttall,
1876).
. EFFusus Arthur.

On Juncus effusus, Monongalia, near Morgantown (Shel-
don).
. SippHit (Lyd.) Arthur.

On Juncus tenuis, Monongalia, near Morgantown (Shel-
don).

MELAMPSORA Cast.

. FARINOSA ( Pers.) Schroet.
On Salix nigra, Oct. 17, 1893. Spores at first hyaline
(22 x 13 ») but the granules finally turn yellow (22 »), and
perfectly fill the spore (25 x 18 w) (Nuttall, 1107).

)

PUCCINIA Pers.

P. Asparacr (DC.).

On Asparagus officinalis (Sheldon, 918).

P. Cartcis-Asteris Arthur.

On Aster sps. (Sheldon, 2959, 3559).
80
P.

P;

THE WEST VIRGINIA FLORA

CHRYSANTHEMI Roze.
On Chrysanthemum chinensis (Sheldon, 15).
CIRCAEAE Pers.
On Circaea lutetiana and C. alpina (Sheldon, 769, 1770,
1889, 3477, 3864; Grout, 1702).

. Cypert Arthur.

On Cyperus strigosus (Sheldon, 774, 1709).

. Dayt Clinton.

On Steironema ciliatum (Sheldon, 3157, Bonner, 3601).

. Eatontar Arthur.

On Eatonia Pennsylzvanica, Ranunculus abortivus and R,
micranthus (Sheldon, 3235; 8, 3242; 4445).

. ELreocuaripis Arthur.

On Eleocharis ovata (Sheldon,, 46, 3176).

. EMACULATA Schw.

On Panicum capillare (Sheldon, 1155, 1245).

. GRAMINIS Pers.

On Berberis Canadensis (F. E. Brooks). On Phleum
pratense, Agrostis alba and Triticum vulgare (Sheldon, 3007,
31733 1247, 1246; 719).

. IMPATIENTIS Arthur.

On Impatiens aurea and Elymus sp. (Sheldon, 7, 653,
2306, 2330).

. INVESTITA Schw.

On Gnaphalium polycephalum (Sheldon, 2014, 2125,
2210). :

P. LATERIPES Berk. & Rav.

On Ruellia ciliosa (Sheldon, 927, 3127).

P. LoperaE Ger.

On Lobelia syphilitica (Sheldon, 3801).

. POLYGONI-AMPHIBII Pers.

On Geranium maculatum, Polygonum convolvulus, P. du-
metorum and P hydropiperoides (Sheldon, 3238, 4113: 736,
1942; 925, 1130; 4257).

. RECEDENS Syd.

On Senecio aureus (Heck, 2908).

. PopoPHYLLi Schwein.

On Podophyllum peltatuin, May 31, 1894 (Nuttall, 1515).

. TENUIS Burrill.

On Eupatorium ageratoides, June 1, 1894 (Nuttall, 1519).

. Asterts Duby.

On Aster cordifolius, Nov. 24, 1894 (Nuttall, 1758, 645).
On Aster macrophyllus (Sheldon).
HELIANTHI Sz.
On Heliauthus decapetalus, Sept. 19, 1895 (Nuttall, 1851).
On Helianthus annuus (Sheldon, 1966, 2150).
WEST VIRGINIA GEOLOGICAL SURVEY 81

. VIOLAE (Schum.) DC.

On Viola hastata, zcidial stage; eecidia 18 x 25 pw. A spe-
cies of small reddish caterpillar found feeding on the spores,
April 30, 1893. Uredo stage on Viola rotundifolia or V.
blanda, April 30, 1893 (Nuttall, 906). On Viola striata, ros-
trata, villosa, and blanda (Sheldon, 1902, 4200; 1394; 23;
3060, 3478).

. ConvoLvuLi (Pers.) Cast.

‘On Convolvulus repens. Aecidium May 3, Uredo June 14,
Teleuto, Oct. 4, 1894; all on same vine (Nuttall, 1516). On
Convolvulus Sepiuin (Sheldon, 926, 2337, 2657, 3158).

. ConvoLvuLI ——————— var.

On dead stems of Convolvulus repens, Feb. 19, 1895
Nuttall, 1793).

. PIMPINELLAE (Strauss) Link.

On living leaves Osmorrhiza Claytonti, Monongalia Co.
near Morgantown (Millspaugh). On Washingtonia longt-
stylis (Sheldon, 36).

. Mentuae Pers.

On Cunila origanoides, Nov. 27, 1894. Teleutospores 28
x 20 p, not yet verruculose (Nuttall, 1753). On Monarda
didyma; Mentha spicata; Clinopodium vulgare; Koellia werti-
cillata; Monarda media; M. fistulosa; Blephilia hirsuta; and
Koellia mutica (Sheldon, 2434; 3804; 1195; 1124; 1039;
1860; 1785; 1839).

. CORONATA Corda.

On Holcus lanatus, Uredo. June 30, 1893; teleuto. Nov.
I, 1893, on same specimen. Length of pedicel 5 to 7.5 u
very thick, corona + 38 » broad, teeth 12.5 pu, teleutospores
50 x 15 pw (Nuttall, 1265). On Avena sativa (Sheldon. 32,
747, 1852).

. Rurico-vera (DC.) Wint.

On leaves Triticuim vlugare, Wood Co., near Kanawha
Station (Millspaugh). On Elymus hirsutighimis and on
Secale cereale (Sheldon, 3198; 1607, 1711).

. Cartcis (Schum.) Reb.

On Carex sp. July 10, 1894, uredospores and teleutospores
(Nuttall, 1590).

. Hreractt (Schum.) Mart.

P. flosculosorum Roehl. On living leaves Carduas lanceo-
latus, Mason Co., near Point Pleasant (A/illspaugh). On
Taraxacum Taraxacum, Oct. 20, 1894 (Nuttall, 1721).

. SUAVEOLENS (Pers.) Rostr.

On living leaves Carduus lanceolatus, Wood Co., near

Kanawha Station (Millspaugh).
82

1.) a) ee Os

THE WEST VIRGINIA FLORA

SorcH1 Schwein.
Uredo, and teleutospores on Zea Mays, Sept. 7, 1894
(Nuttall, 1676).
Conoctinil Seymour.
On Eupatoriumn coelestinum, Sept. 18, 1895 (Nuttall.
1849).
ANEMONES-VIRGINIANA Sz.
On Anemone Virginiana, Sept. 18, 1895 (Nuttall, 1850).
HEUCHERAE Sz.
P. Spreta Pk., P. Tiarella B. & C. On Tiarella cordifolia.
Oct. 21, 1895 (Nuttall, 1886).
SMILACIS Schwein.
Uredospores on Smilax glauca, Oct. 14, 1894 (Nuttall,
1708).
Sampucr (Schw.) Arthur.
On Sambucus Canadensis, Carex Asa-Grayi and C. Frankti
(Sheldon, 40, 639, 1479; 2073; 739, 1204).
SAXIFRAGAE Schlect.
On Sarvifraga Virginiensis (Sheldon 3).
Ver Atri Niessl.
On Veratrum viride (Sheldon, 1499).
VERNONIAE Schw.
On Vernonia sp. (Sheldon, 33, 3183).
\VINDSORIAE Schw.
On Sieglingta sesleroides (Sheldon, 1959, 2194, 2754).
XANTHII Schw.
On Ambrosia trifida, A. artecmisiaefolia and Nanihium
Canadense (Sheldon, 731; 734; 792. 1022).
MALVACEARUM Mont.
On Malva rotundifolia and Althea rosea (Sheldon, 1344,
I61I, 2215; 1365, 1406, 2123). On Afalva sylvestris (F. E.
Brooks, 3202).

P. Martrage*Witsonr Clinton.

uv

we fe ee Se

On Claytonia Virginica (Sheldon, 1309).
MuncenperciaE A, & H.
On Muhlenbergia diffusa and M. mexicanus (Sheldon,
1267, 2012; 4199).
OBSCURA Schroet.
On Juncoides campestre (Sheldon).
ALBIPERIDI.A Arthur.
On Ribes cynosbati (Johnson, 4208).
orBICULA P. & C.
On Prenanthes aitissima (Sheldon, 2408).
PERMINUTA Arthur.
On Agrostis percnituits, Pocahontas, near Durbin (Keller-
mai).
WEST VIRGINIA GEOLOGICAL SURVEY 83

. Poarum Niessl.
On Poa pratensis (Sheldon, 1319).

SYNCHYTRIUM DeBy. & Wor.
. DECIPIENS Farlow.
On Falcata conosa (Sheldon, 655, 1384, 1438, 3351).

PUCCINIASTRUM Otth.
. HyprancesE (B. & C.) Arth,

On Hydrangea arborescens. Arthur, North Am. Flora,
7:106. (Sheldon, 4, 2130).

. AGRIMONIAE (Schw.) Tranz.

On Agrimonia mollis and parviflora, Arthur, North Am.
Flora, 7:106. (Sheldon, 771, 1016, 2122, and A. parviflora
2138). On Agrimonia gyrosepala (Sheldon, 3855).

. MINIMUM (Schw.) Arth.
On Afensiesia pilosa. Arthur, North Am. Flora, 7 :109.

P. pustuLatum (Pers.) Dietl.

On Epilobinin angustifolium and E. coloratuin (Sheldon,
2430, 3803, 3850).

GYMNOSPORANGIUM, Hedw.
. CLAVARIIFORME (Jacq.) Rees.

Aecidiospores on Cratacgus sp., Aug. 2, 1894 (Nuttall,
1637). On various species of Crataegus (Sheldon, 1107,
27, 1774, 1023, 2021, 1096, 2119; Thatcher, 1714; Grout,
1707; F. E. Brooks, 1427).

. JUNIPERINUM (Linn.) Fr.

Teleutospores on Juniperus Virginiana, April 27, 1894
(Nuttall, 1473).

. JUNIPERI-VIRGINIANAE Schw. (G. macropus Link).

Mercer: near Princeton, on Jumperus Virginiana (Mills-
paugh), in other localities on same (Sheldon). Aecidia on
Malus coronaria at Fayette: near Nuttallbure (.\Vuttall,
1157). On twigs, leaves and fruit of Malus Malus and AI
coronaria (Sheldon). Berkeley: on Malus Malus at Ger-
rardstown (Waite).

. CORNICULANS Kern.

On Amelanchicr Canadensis, Greenbrier: near Fort Spring
(Sheldon).

. GLoBosUM Farl.

On Crataegus macracantha and punctata, and on Juni-
perus Virginiana. Arthur, North Am. Flora, 7 :205-6 (Shel-
don 2707, F. E. Brooks 2298).

. Nipus-Avis Thaxter
On Amelanchier Canadensis (Sheldon 2699, 2717).
84
G.

THE WEST VIRGINIA FLORA

GERMINALE (Schw.) Kern.
On fruits of Crataegus punctata from Spruce Knob, Pen-
dleton County, (Greenman, 257).

PHRAGMIDIUM Link.
POTENTILLAE (Pers.) Karst.

On Potentilla Canadensis, uredospores, Monongalia Co.,
near Morgantown (Millspaugh). On P. Canadensis, uredo.
March 15, 1894, teleutospores, Oct. 5, 1894 (Nuttall, 14007).

SUBCORTICIUM (Schrank.) Wint.

On Rosa humilis, June 18, 1893 (Nuttall, 1008). On

Rosa sp. (Sheldon 4201).
Rusi-oporatt Dietl.

On Rubus odoratus. Arthur, North Am. Flora, 7 :166.

(Grout 1251).

P. AMERICANUM Dietl.

On a cultivated Rose. Arthur, North Am. Flora, 7 :167.

P. pisctrLorum (Tode) J. F. James.

I.

On a cultivated Rose. Arthur, North Am. Flora, 7 :172.
(Sheldon 1991, 2135, 2139; F. E. Brooks 6).

KUEHNEOLA Maen.
opTusA (Strauss) Arthur.
On Potentilla Canadensis. Arthur, North Am. Flora, 7:
185.

. Urepinis (Link) Arthur.

On Rubus Allegheniensis and Canadensis, Arthur, North
Am. Flora, 7:186. On Rubus hispidus (Sheldon 3476,
3829). On R. Canadensis 1250, 1258, 2435, 2762, 3835. On
R. strigosus (Shimer 2740).

COLEOSPORIUM Lev.

. SENECIONIS (Schum.) Fr.

On living leaves of Pinus echinata (zcidia), Wood Co.,
near Lockhart’s Run (Millspaugh).

. Soncut (Pers.) Lev.

On living leaves Vernonia Noveboracense, Mason Co.,
near Point Pleasant (Millspaugh). On Aster cordifolius,
Dec. 3, 1894 (Nuttall, 1760).

ImpoMograE (Schwein) Burrill.

On Ipomoea pandurata, Oct. 15, 1894. Spores 85 x 23 p

(Nuttall, 1720, 608).
VeRNONIAE B. & C.

On Vernonia Noveboracense at Rupert’s, Sept. 25, 1894.

Spores 100 x 30 w (Nuttall, 1702, 595).
WEST VIRGINIA GEOLOGICAL SURVEY 85 :

C. CAMPANULAE ( Pers.) Lev.
On Campanula Americana... Arthur, North Am. Flora,
7:89. (Sheldon 2954, Grout 1700, Post 1796).
C. Heriantrur (Schw.) Arthur,
On Helianthus sp. (Sheldon, 3184).
C. SoLtipacinis (Schwein.) Thum.
On Solidago Canadensis. June 19, 1894 (Nuttall, 1550).
On Callistephus (Sheldon, 2024, 2028).

AECIDIUM Pers.
Ag. IMPATIENTIS Schwein.
On Impatiens biflora, June 21, 1894 (Nuttall, 1558).
Arg. LupwiciaE E. & E.
On Ludwigia alternifolia (Sheldon, 2344).
AE. SoLipacinis Schw.
On Solidago lanceolata (Sheldon, 1840).
Ar. Inicinum E. & E.? Bull. Torr. Club, 24:284. (1897).
Spots amphigenous, purplish-black above, dirty-orange be-
low, indefinite. Aecidia hypophyllous, mostly only one in ~
the center of a spot, hemispherical or tuberculiform and
closed at first, then laciniately dehiscent and margin coarsely
toothed ; ecidiospores irregular in shape, globose, ovate, ellip-
tical or ‘subangular, 18-22 w in the longer diameter, epispore
more or less wrinkled or tuberculate-roughened.

On living leaves of Ilex opaca. Fayette: near Nuttallburg,
April, 1896 (Nuttall, 839).

PERIDERMIUM Lev.
P. Pecxir Thum.
On living leaves Tsuga Canadensis, Pocahontas Co., neat
Traveler’s Repose (Millspaugh).
P. wALSAMEUM Peck.

Under surface living leaves Abies balsamea, Randolph
Co., Shades-of-Death (Millspaugh).

UREDO Pers.

U. AcrimoniaE (DC.) Schroet.

On Agrimonia striata, July 10, 1894 (Nuttall, 1591).
U. Bicetowm (Thum.) Arthur.

On Salix nigra. «lrthur, North Am. Flora, 7 :101.
U. MepusaE (Thum.) Arthur.

On Populus grandidentata (Fenton, 4255). On P. del-

toides and candicans (Sheldon, 2747, 2746).
. 86 THE WEST VIRGINIA FLORA

GYMNOCONIA Lagerh.
G. INTERSTITIALIS (Schlecht) Lagerh. (Caeoma nitens).
On Rubus occidentalis (Sheldon, 25, 502). On R. procum-
bens (24), on R. Canadensis (48, 2433). On living leaves
Rubus hispidus, Monongalia Co., near Morgantown (Mills-
paugh). On Rubus villosus, May 2, 1893 (.\uttall, 907).

RAVENELIA Berk.
R. EPIPHYLLA (Schw.) Dietl.
On Cracca Virginiana. Arthur, North Am. Flora, 7 :142.

PILEOLARIA Cast.

P. ToxicopenpRI (Berk. & Rav.) Arthur.
On Rhas radicans. Arthur, North Am. Flora, 7 :148.

TRANZSCHELIA Arthur.

T. punctata (Pers.) Arthur.
On Hepatica acuta, Arthur, North Am. Flora, 7:151.

POLYTHELIS Arthur.
P. Fusca (Pers.) Arth. (Puccinia Anemones Pers.)

On Anemone quinqucfolia, Randolph: at Sugar Creek (A.
B. Brooks).

PERISPORTACEAE.,

PODOSPHAERA Kunze.

P. OxyAcANTHAE (DC.) DeBy.

On living leaves of Prunus cult., Crataegus oxvyacantha
and Diospyros Virgmiana, Monogalia Co., near Morgantown
(Millspaugh). On Prunus serotina and Crataegus, Monon-
galia, near Morgantown; Preston, near Cranesville; and
Berkeley, near Martinsburg (Sheldon). On Cydonia wil-
garis and Spiraca salicifolia (Sheldon, 1085, 1845).

P. teucotricnHa (E. & E.) Salm.
On Malus Malus (Sheldon, 2755, 2758).
P. rrmpactyLa (Wallr.) DeBy.

On living leaves of Prunis cult., Cabell Co., near Hunt-

ington (Millspaugh).

SPHAEROTHECA Lev.

S. Humutt (DC.) Burrill.
On. living leaves Agrimonia striata, Preston Co., near
Terra Alta (Millspaugh).
5:

M.

WEST VIRGINIA GEOLOGICAL SURVEY 87

HUMULI FULIGINEA (Schlecht.) Salmon.
On Erechthites hicracifolia and Bidens frondosa (Shel-
don, 1198, 3138).
PANNOSA (Waller) Lev.
Monongalia, near Morgantown, on Crimson Rambler rose
(Starcher, 3200).
Mors-Uvar (Schw.) B. & C.
On cultivated Gooseberry (F. E. Brooks, 3288).
CasTAGNE! Lev.
On living leaves Erechtites leracifolia, Nov. 11, 1894.
Asci 78 x 58 » spores + 20 x 12 » (Nuttall, 1740).
Mati (DuBy.) E. & E.
Berkeley: on Malus Malus at Gerrardstown (Waite).

PHYLLACTINIA Lev.

. CORYLEA (Pers.) Karst. (P. suffulta Sacc.).

On living leaves Castanea dentata, Oct., 1893 (.Vuttall
1315), and on Magnolia Fraseri, On Polycodiwmn stamin-
eum, Greenbrier, at White Sulphur Springs (/T’aite).

UNCINULA Lev.

. AMPELOoPSIDIS Peck.

On cultivated grapes, Monongalia: near Morgantown
(Millspaugh). On leaves of Parthenocissus quingquefolia,
Fayette: near Nuttallburg (Nuttall, 1683).

. MACROSPORA Peck.

On Ulnus Americana, Greenbrier: near Ronceverte; and
Mason; near Point Pleasant (Sheldon, 1139, 1935). On
juglans nigra; Syringa vulgaris; Euonyinus atropurpureus ;
Betula sp.; and Viburnum sp. (Sheldon, 3144; 956, 2010;
742, 3135; 1225; 1083).

. GENICULATA Gerard.

On Morus rubra, Monongalia: near Morgantown (Sheidon,
3487).

. PARVULA Ck. & Peck.

On Celtis, Berkeley: near Martinsburg (Sheldon, 1986).

. CIRCINATA Ck. & Peck.

On Acer saccharum, Monongalia: near Morgantown
(Grout, 1261).

. NECATOR (Schw.) Burr. (U. Americana Howe).

On leaves of I’itis cordifolia, Fayette: near Nuttaliburg
(Nuttall, 1684). On Vitis sps. (Sheldon, 61, 953, 2110,
2114, 2206, 3131).

MICROSPHAERA Lev.

Aunt (Wallr.) Salmon. (Al. erineophila Pk.)
On leaves of Castanea dentata, Fayette: near Nuttailburg
88

s

=

THE WEST VIRGINIA FLORA

(Nuttall, 169, 1218). On leaves of Fagus, same location
and collector (1773). On Betula, Monongalia: at Cheat
View; and on Quercus, Preston: at Rohr (Sheldon, 1223,

1224),

. GROSSULARIAE (Wallr.) Lev.

On leaves Sambucus Canadensis, Fayette: near Nuttall-
burg (Nuttall, 1693). On same Preston: near Cranesville
(Sheldon).

. ELEVATA Burr. and Bess.

On leaves of Catalpa Catalpa, alt. 2,200 ft. Oct. 2, 1894
(Nuttall, 1690).

. RuSsELLit Clint.

On Ovalis stricta, Aug. 9, 1694 (Nuttall, 1650).

. VACCINNIL Schw.

On Epigaea repens, Oct. 1893. Threads slender, sharply
pointed, somewhat rough, asci 5-spored, 50 to 65 x 30 to 40
B, spores 18 to 20 x 10 to 11 p (Nuttall, 1255).

. QueRcINA (Schw.) Burr.

On Quercus palustris, at Rupert’s, Aug. 26, 1894 (Nuttall,
1686, 591).

. ALNI-VACCINII.

On Vaccinium sps. (Sheldon, 1222, 1226, 2015, 2684).
pIFFUSA Ck. & Pk.

On Symphoricarpos vulgaris and Desmodium sp. (Shel-
don, 2667, 3485).
EupHorsisE (Pk.) B. & C.

On Tithymalopsis corollata (Sheldon, 1109, 1946, 2030).

ERYSIPHE (Hedw.) DC.

E. Cicnoracearum (DC.) Burr.

On Xanthium Canadense, Nov. 1, 1893 (Nuttall, 1223),
and on Eupatorium purpurewm.. On cultivated Dahlia; on
Phiox paniculata; Tararacum sp.: Achillea millefolium;
Aster sps.; Verbesina alternifolia; Vernonia sp.; Plantago
sp.; Ambrosia trifida and artemesiaefolia; Lappula Virginia-
num; Helianthus annuus and Eupatortiam perfoliatum
(Sheldon, 4254; 3529, 3532, 1652, 2118; 3482; 3134; 3488;
31453 35313 I141, 3125, 3141; 59; 1174, 2248, 3172, 3483;
723 ; 3133; 56; 1967; 1257).

E. communis (Wall.) Fr.

On Eupatorium ageratoides, Oct. 14, 1894 (Nuttall, 1707).

E. Graminis DC.

On living leaves Poa pratensis, Preston Co., near Terra
Alta (Millspaugh). On Triticum vulgare; Dactylis glome-
rata; Secale cereale and Poa compressa (Sheldon, 3002;
1638; 1606; 3224).
WEST VIRGINIA GEOLOGICAL SURVEY 8q

. SP.

Upshur: near Buckhannon, on Micrampelis lobata, Sept.
12, 1905 (Sheldon). here is a strong probability of this
being E. Polygoni upon a peculiar host!

. LIRIODENDRI Schw.

On Liriodendron Tulipifera in deep shade, Short Creek,

alt. 1,150 ft., Oct. 9, 1894 (Nuttall, 1697).

E. accrecata (Peck) Farlow.

On Alnus, Greenbrier: near Durbin (Sheldon, 1160, 3787).

E. Potyconi DC.

On Liriodendron tulipifera, Monongalia, near Morgan-
town (Sheldon).

The following are in the Sheldon Herbarium and collected
by him unless otherwise indicated: On Onagra biennis
(3533), Trifolium procumbens (3253, 3268, Starcher 3218),
T. pratense (3522), T. hybridum (3534), T. stoloniferum
(3513), Cuphaea viscosissima (Grose 3481; Johnson 2233),
Brassica napus (3523), Pisum sativum (3070, E. E. Brooks
1649), -inemone sp. (Grout 1262), Falcata comosa (3081),
Ranunculus abortivus (1202), and Polygonuin sps. (737,
935).

EUROTIUM Link.
. HERBARIORUM (Wigg) Link.

On damp leaves Liriodendron Tultpifera neglected in plant

press, Sept. 1, 1894 (Nuttall, 1681).

APIOSPORIUM Kuntze.

. PELLICULOSUM (B. & Rav.). (Capnodiuwmn B. & Rav.).
Tucker: on Prunus sp. (Plum), at Parsons (Swisher,
2314).

ASTERINA Lev.
. Leeminair E. & E.
On Galax aphylla, May 4, 1894 (Nuttall, 1493, 475).

DIMEROSPORIUM Feckl.
. Gatactis E. & E.

On leaves of Galax apyhlla in conjunction with the last
species above, May 4, 1894 (Nuttall, 1576, 475).
. CoLtinsit (Schw.) Thum.

On leaves Amalanchier Canadensis, Glade Creek, May 4,
1894 (Nuttall, 1490, 472). On Carpinus Caroliniana, Keg-
ley, Mercer County, July 27, 1900 (Morris, 1078).

SCORIAS Fries.
. SPONGIOSA (Schw.) Fr.

On living Fagus atropunicea, at Rupert’s July 26, 1894.
Spores 16 to 18 x 5 w (Nuttall, 1634).
go

THE WEST VIRGINIA FLORA

SPHAE RLA CHAE.

ANTHOSTOMA Nitschke.

A. piscINcoLa (Schw.) Sacc.

V.

Ve

We

On Crabapple, Monongalia: Morgantown (Sheldon).

VALSA Fries.

CERATOPHORA Tul.

On fire killed Hicoria minima, Oct. 17, cee On Acer
saccharinum, L. Asci 38 x 5 », spores 7.5 to IO x 1.5 to
1.75 p (Nuttall, I7II).

Diospyri E. & E. Proc. Phil., Acad., 340 (1894).

Type HABITAT: On dead limbs Diospyros Virginiana, Dec.
10, 1893 (Nuttall, discov. 1308, 253).

Stroma consisting of the slightly blackened substance of
the bark, convex, about 2 mm. diameter, not circumscribed.
Perithecia 4 to 10 in a stroma, subglobose, .25 to .33 mm.
diameter, necks converging and united above in a small,
black disk which perforates the pustuliform-elevated epider-
mis, but does not rise above it. Ostiola short, conic-cylin-
drical, with a smooth, round opening crowded and finally
obliterating the disk. Asci clavate-lanceolate, p. sp. 25 x 5 p,
&-spored, paraphysate. Sporidia allantoid, hyaline, 8 to 10 x
1.5 to 2 wp. Spermogonia (Cytispora), stroma multilocular
gray inside, opening by a single, central pore. Spermatia
allantoid, hyaline, moderately curved, 4 to 5 x 1.25 p.

ETHERIALIS E. & E. Proc. Phila. Acad., 341 (1894).

TYPE HABITAT: On dead limbs of Acer rubrum, Feb.,
1894 (Nuttall, discov. 1304, 373).

Stromata cortical, thickly scattered, convex I to 1.5 mm.
diameter. Perithecia 6 to 12 together, circinate, buried in
the unaltered substance of the bark, small, 150 to 250 p»
diameter their short necks terminating in an erumpent, com-
pact fascicle of obtuse, black, slightly umbilicate ostiola
closely embraced by the epidermis and scarcely rising above
it. Asci (p. sp.) fusoid, 15 to 22 x 4 to 4.5 p, stipitate, 8-
spored. Spordia biseriate, allantoid, hyaline, curved, slender,
5 to 6 x about 1 p. When well developed, the epidermis is
raised into subdiscoid pustules in which the slight protub-
erances indicate the position of the subjacent perithecia.

V delicatula C. & E. has fewer, larger perithecia and
broader sporidia. 17. microspora Cke. & Plowr. has also
larger perithecia and yellowish sporidia, and the ostiola are
more or less distinctly sulcate, indicating its close relation-
ship to Eutypella. In I’. etherialis the spordia both in and
out of the asci are perfectly hyaline.
V.

WEST VIRGINIA GEOLOGICAL SURVEY gt

coronaTA (Hoffm.) Fr.
On young, fire-killed Castanea dentata, Nov. 14, 1893
(Nuttall, 1263, 209).

V. aLBopuncta E. & E., Field Mus. Bot., 1:133 (1896).

Vv.

\

Type HABITAT: On dead limbs Liriodendron Tulipifera,
Oct., 1894 (Nuttall, discov. 1712, 600).

Stromato minute (.5 to 7.5 mm.), subseriate, included in
the thick epidermis and not penetrating the inner bark, white
throughout, and without any distinct circumscribing line.
Perithecia 3 to 6 in a stroma, pale slate-color, 110 to 130 u
diameter ; necks very slender, terminating in minute, subglo-
bose, slate-colored ostiola taridly erumpent around the mar-
gin of the minute, snow-white, pulverulent disk. Asci clavate
cylindrical, 50 x 6 », short-stipitate, obtuse above, paraphy-
sate? Spordia biseriate, allantoid, hyaline, moderately
curved, 6 tog x 1.5 to 2p.

A beautiful species. The lines of snow-white disks,- which
barely perforate the ruptured epidermis and are closely sur-
rounded by its torn and slightly raised margin, present a
very neat appearance.

ABIETIS Fr.

On Tsuga Canadensis Short Creek, alt. 1,100 ft., Feb. 2,
1893 (Nuttall, 1349).

Vitis (Schw.) Fckl.

On Vitis sp., March 26, 1894 (Nuttall, 1432).

PRAESTANS B. & C.

On dead twigs Nyssa aquatica, Nov. 14, 1893 (Nuttall,
1247). Spores Io to 12x 3 to4u.

NyssaE Cooke.

On fire killed Nyssa aquatica, Nov. 14, 1893 (Nuttall,
1689).

SUBCLYPEATA C. & Peck.

On young fire killed Sassafras Sassafras, Nov. 14, 1893
(Nuttall, 1262, 209).

AMBIENS (Pers.) Fr.

On -lsimina triloba, Cornus florida and Aralia spinosa,
Feb. 18, 1894 (Nuttall, 1383).

CHionantut E. & E., Proc., Phila. Acad.. 340 (1894).
Tyre HABITAT: On dead limbs of Chionanthus Virginica,
arch, 1894 (Nuttall, discov. 1456, 228).

Perithecia 4 to 10, globose, .25 to .33 mm. diameter, buried
in the unchanged substance of the bark, with convergent
necks, terminating in short-cylindrical, obtuse, perforated
ostiola erumpent in a close fascicle perforating and slightly
raising the bark. Asci clavate, p. sp. 40 to 45 x 8 to Io yn,
8-spored, paraphysater Spordia allantoid, hyaline, 12 to 15
x 3.5 to 4.5 w, biseriate above.
Q2

THE WEST VIRGINIA FLORA

Spermogonia (Cytispora Chionantht E. & E.) buried in
the bark, flask-shaped, .5 to .75 » diameter, multilocular, the
cells soon confluent, the apex erumpent and perforated by a
single pore. Sporules allantoid, 4 to 6 x I to 1.25 p, borne
on basidia branched above, the branches ereci, straight,
nucleate, 7 to Io uw long.

. PAUPERATA C. & E.

On Acer rubrum, March 26, 1894 (Nuttall, 1444, 423).

. LEUCOSTOMA (Pers.) Fr.

On peach tree, Dec. 2, 1894 (Nuttall, 1768).

. LINDERAE Peck.

On Benzoin Benzoin, April 11, 1895 (Nuttall, 1796).

EUTYPELLA Nits.

. DENSIssiMA E. & E., Proc. Phila. Acad., 341 (1894).

Type HAprTaT: On dead limbs Aralia spinosa, Feb., 1894
(Nuttall, 363).

Stromata scattered, cortical, depressed-conical, 2 to 3 mm.
diameter, not circumscribed, but staining the bark olive-gray.
Perithecia numerous, often 50 to 70 in a stroma, 100 to 120
» diameter, closely packed, their slender necks terminating
in obtusely conical, 4 cleft, black, densely crowded ostiola
erumpent in a brown disk surrounded by the ruptured epi-
dermis. The disk is soon obliterated, so that only the
crowded, black, subshining ostiola are seen. Asci clavate-
fusoid, p. sp. 25 to 30 x 4 uw. Sporidia biseriate, allantoid,
hyaline, moderately curved, 8 to 10 x 1.5 to 2 p.

E. RUGIELLA (C. & E.) Sace.

On Acer rubrum, May 4, 1893 (Nuttall, 921).

E. sTeLLuLata (Fr.) Sace.

zi

On Robinia Pseudacacia, March 29, 1893 (Nuttall, 33).
On Ailanthus, Monongalia: near Morgantown (Sheldon).

. PLATINI Sz.

On Platanus occidentalis in drift. Spores 7.5 to 8 x 1.5
to 2 p, Oct. 21, 1895 (Nuttall, 1885).

EUTYPA Tul.

. SPINOSA (Pers.) Tul.

On dry dead logs, June 29, 1893 (Nuttall, 1105).

. MILLIARIA (Fr.) Sacc.

On river drift wood, April 20, 1894. Asci 150 x 6 » spores
10 x 2 » (Nuttall, 1477).

DIATRYPE Fr.

. Stigma (Hoffm.) Fr.

On Castanea dentata, April 15, 1895 (Nuttall, 1799).
WEST VIRGINIA. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY 93

. PLATYSTOMA (Schw.) Berk.
On Magnolia Fraseri, Feb. 8, 1894 (Nuttall, 1380, 342).
. VIRESCENS (Schw.) Cooke.
On Quercus, Monongalia: near Morgantown (Sheldon).

DIATRYPELLA C. & DeNot.

. VERRUCIFORMIS (Ehrh.) Nits.
On Alnus rugosa, Nov. 20, 1893 (Nuttall, 1258).

ROSELLINIA DeNot.

. AQUILA (Fr.) DeNot.

On dead limbs, March 21, 1893 (Nuttall, 919, 19).
. coRTICUM (Schw). Sacc.

On dead oak, alt. 1,800 ft., Short Creek. Spores 25 to
30 x 10 to 12.5 pw. Dec. 16, 1893 (Nuttall, 1310).

. SUBICULATA (Schw.) Sacc.

On dead dry Robinia Pseudacacia, July 15, 1893. Per-
ithecia clustered or connate, each 3 to 5 p, black, ostiola
papillate. Spores 9 to 12.5 x 5 to 6 » somewhat inequilateral,
elliptical, colored (Nuttall, 1129).

. PULVERACEA (Ehrh.) Fekl.

On dead wood, Nov. 1893. Spores 10 to 15 x 7 tog p
(Nuttall, 1338). Monongalia, on hickory log near Uffing-
ton; on Platanus near Marilla (Sheldon).

. MILLEGRANA (Schw.) Sacc.

On dead Platanus occidentalis, Aug. 2, 1893 (Nuttall,

II61).
. ABIETINA TRICHOTA C, & EIL
On Pinus Virginiana, Jan. 7, 1895 (Nuttall, 1784, 675).

BOMBARDIA Fr.

. FASCICULATA Fr.
On wet dead limb, Jiagnolia Fraseri, on ground, Sept.
16, 1895 (Nuttall, 1830).

ANTHOSTOMA Nits,

. MICROECIUM E. & E., Proc. Phila. Acad., 344 (1894).

TypE HABITAT: On dead limbs Asimina triloba, Feb. 12,
1894 (Nuttall, discov. 1377).

Stroma cortical, faintly circumscribed, I to 1.5 mm. diam-
eter, orbicular, convex. Perithecia 4 to 8 in a stroma, glo-
bose, minute (200 to 250 »), circinate, necks slender, short,
converging, with the minute papilliform ostiola erumpent
in a small, black, hemispherical disk, which barely pierces
the pusttuliform-elevated epidermis, and is closely embraced
by it. Asci cylindrical, 80 to 110 x 8 to Io p, paraphysate
94

ee

THE WEST VIRGINIA FLORA

8-spored. Sporidia uniseriate, elliptical, brown, continuous,
2-nucleate, 12 to 14 x 6to7 up.
Distinguished by its very small stroma and perithecia.

. MIcropLacum (B. & C.) Sace.

On Sassafras Sassafras, alt. 1,800 ft., March 21, 1893
(Nuttall, 915).

XYLARIA Hill.

. POLYMORPHA (Pers.) Grev.

On dead logs, April 7, 1893 (Nuttall, 890).

. CORNIFORMIS Fr.

On rotten limb, Sept. 9, 1893. On Magnolia Fraseri,
Noy., 1895 (Nuttall, 1194).

. Hypoxyton (Linn.) Grev.

On dead log, March 10, 1893 (.\Vuttall, 807).

. FLABELLIFORMIS (Schw.) B. & C.

On Carpinus Caroliniana, May 13, 1893 (Nuttall, 957).

. CorNu-DaMaE (Schw.) Berk.

On wet rotten log, alt. 2,000 ft., Aug. 24, 1893. Spores
20 to 21 x 4.5 » (Nuttall, 1179).

USTULINA Tul.
vuLtcaris Tul.
On dead and rotting stumps, March 8, 1893 (Nuttall, 954).

HYPOXYLON Bull.

ATROVIRIDE E. & E., Proc. Phila. Acad., 346 (1894).

TYPE HABITAT: On bark of dead tree, Betula or Quercus,
Dec., 1893 (Nuttall, discov. 1320, 275).

Stroma pulvinate, I to 1.5 cm. across, and about 4 mm.
thick, orbicular, covered above with a thin (.5 mm.) carbon-
aceous crust, which is soon covered by a dark green layer
of the ejected spores, laterally and internally dirty-umber
color. Perithecia (which constitute the entire inner sub-
stance of the stroma) ovate compressed, and including the
long, stout neck, about 3 mm. long and 1 mm. broad be-
low. Ostiola papilliform, soon covered and obscured by the
ejected sporidia. Asci cylindrical 100 x 3.5 to 4 p (p. sp.
40 to 45 long), paraphysate, 8-spored. Sporidia uniseriate,
oblong-elliptical, pale brown under the microscope, 2-nuc-
leate, 4.5 to 5.5 X 2 pw.

This is a well-marked species. The substance of the
stroma, except the superficial carbonaceous layer, is friable.
and in this respect as well as the color resembles H. Petersii
B. & C., from which, however, in other respects it is very
distinct.
WEST VIRGINIA GEOLOGICAL SURVEY 95

H. coccineum Bull.

H.

H.

On -dralia spinosa, alt. 1,300 ft, Aug. 18, 1893 (Nuttall,
1173, 140).

Nurratyit E. & E., Proc. Phila. Acad., 346 (1894).

TypPE HABITAT: On bark of dead Magnolia Fraseri at
Glade Creek, May, 1894 (Nuttall, discov. 1494, 477).

Stromata gregarious, subconfluent, depressed-hemispher-
ical or strongly convex, 3 to 6 mm. diameter, purplish-
black, mammillose. Perithecia small (about .25 mm.) scat-
tered irregularly through the stroma, which is rather soft
and brownish within. Ostiola crowning the mammillose
projections on the surface of the stroma, papilliform, soon
deciduous, leaving a round perforation. The asci in the
spec. examined had disappeared. Sporidia brown, oblong-
elliptical, sub-inequilateral, 7 to 8 x 3 to 4 » (exceptionally
9x 5 #).

. Howrr,snum Peck.

On decorticated Magnolia Fraseri, alt. 1,800 ft., Sept.

12, 1893 (Nuttall, 1203, 158).
. FuscuM (Pers.) Fr.

On dead and decorticated Acer saccharum, Grant Co.,
near Bayard (J/illspaugh). On dead Alnus rugosa, Oct.
31, 1893. Spores 12 x 6 to 7 w (Nuttall, 1221).

. MULTIFORME Fr.

On dead Betula sp., alt. 1,800 ft., Short Creek, Aug. 11,
1893 (Nuttall, 1147).

. PERFORATUM (Schw.) Fr.

On dead twig, Feb. 3, 1894. On Ilex opaca, Dec. 28,
1894 (Nuttall, 1351). Spores 10 x 5 wp. On Magnolia Fra-
seri, Nov., 1895.

RUBIGINOSUM (Pers.) Fr.

On dead hard wood of Robima Pseudacacia, Feb. 25,
1893 (Vuttall, 949, 39).

. SASSAFRAS (Schw.) Berk.

On Sassafras Sassafras, March 21, 1893. Spores 8 to 12
x 3 to 4 p (Nuttall, 917).

. STIGMATEUM Cooke.

On living Quereus sp., originating under the outer bark
which it pushes off, or at times remains attached at onc
edge and stands away like a lid. Asci, total length, 150
x 10 pw, fertile portion 120 x Io p, spores black, elliptical,
16 to 20x 6to10p. Feb. 2, 1894 (Nuttall, 1350).

. COLLICULOSUM (Schw.) Nits.

On Rhododendron maximum, alt. 1,800 ft., Short Creek,

Dec. 16, 1893 (Nuttall, 1330, 289).
90

THE WEST VIRGINIA FLORA

DALDINIA DeNot.

. CONCENTRICA (Bolt.) C. & DeN.

On bark of dying Acer sp., April 15, 1893 (Nuttall, 905).
On Betula, Monongalia, at Coopers Rock (Sheldon).

. VERNICOSA (Schw.) C. & DeN.

On dead trees, March, 1895 (Nuttall, 1790).
NUMMULARIA Tul.

. DISCRETA (Schw.) E. & E.

Berkeley, on Malus Malus at Gerrardstown (Waite).

. PUNCTULATA (B. & Rav.) Sacc.

On dead branch of Quercus sp., Aug. 16, 1893 (Nuttall,
II51).

GNOMONIA Ces. & DeNot.

. ULMEA (Sacc.) Thum.

On dead leaves of Ulmus. Summers, near Lowell (Pol
lard & Maxon, 131). On Ulmus Americana, Wayne, near
Ceredo (Sheldon).

GNOMONIELLA Sacc.

. CorYLI (Batsch.) Sace.

On Corylus Americana at Rupert’s, Aug. 5, 1894 (Nutt-
all, 1647). .

. FIMBRIATA (Pers.) Saccardo.

On Carpinus, Greenbrier, near Durbin (Sheldon).

PHYSALOSPORA Niessl.

. Intcis (Schw.) Sace.

On dead leaves of Ilex opaca, July 21, 1894. Asci 7.5
to 10 » (Nuttall, 1616). Monongalia, near Morgantown
(Sheldon).

. DRACAENAE Sheldon.

On Dracaena fragrans, cultivated at Morgantown (Shel-
don).

TRICHOSPHAERIA Fekl.

. PULCHRISETA Peck

On dry firm splinters of dead log, alt. 1,800 ft., Short
Creek, March 6, 1894 (.\Vuttall, 1412, 382).

BOTRYOSPHAERIA Ces. & DeNot.

. QuUERCUUM (Schw.) Sacc.

On Quercus sp., Vitis sp., Pinus Virginiana, Opulaster
opultfolius, and Parthenocissus quingucfolia. Perithecia 2
to 10 (Nuttall, 925, 14).
ow

Nn

WEST VIRGINIA GEOLOGICAL SURVEY 97

. QUERCUUM —————-——_var.
On cultivated Rubus, Feb. 25, 1895 (Nuttall, 1794, 685).
. ARALIAE Clrtis.

On Aralia spinosa, Feb. 24, 1894. Spores 20 to 30 x 8
to 10 » (Nuttall, 1395).
. PYRIOSPORA (Ellis) Sacc.
On Chionanthus Virginica, March 28, 1894. Asci, fertile
portion, 75 x 15 p (Nuttall, 1438).
. Hipiscr ———————_ forma.
On Celastrus scandens, April 27, 1895 (Nuttall, 1819,
707). Spores 26 to 35 x 6 to 7.5 p.

CRYPTOSPORELLA Sace.
. compra (Tul.) Sacc.
On dead limbs of Fagus atropunicea, Nov. 17, 1893. Asci,

fertile portion, 100 x 12.5 to 15 w, spores granular 22 x 10
(Nuttall, 1256).

SPHAERELLA Ces. & DeNot.

. MACULIFORMIS (Pers.) Awd.

On leaves of Castanca dentata on ground, Dec. 13, 1893
(Nuttall, 1314).

.InFuscans E. & E., Bull. Torr. Club, 25 :504 (1898).

Perithecia gregarious, minute, covered by the thin epider-
mis which is raised into minute pustules and blackened con-
tinuously for one or more cm. in extent; ostiolum conic-
papilliform, erumpent, asci oblong-cylindrical, 35 to 45 x
7 to 8 p». sporidia biseriate, fusoid, slightly curved, hyaline,
nucleate, becoming faintly uniseptate, but scarcely con-
stricted.

Differs from the description and figures of S. petiolicola
(Desm.) in its longer fusoid sporidia.

On old petioles of Liriodendron tulipifera, Nuttallburg,
May, 1898 (Nuttall, 937).

. CONICOLA Sacc.

On dead cones of Tsuga Canadensis, Dec. 16, 1893. Spores
10. x 3 » (Nuttall, 1311).

. GAULTHERIAE C. & P.

On Gaultheria procumbens, June 8, 1894 (Nuttall, 1534).

. NYSSAECOLA Cooke?

On Nvsa aquatica, Oct. 10, 1894 (immature) (Nuttall,
1719, 607).
DIDYMELLA Sacc.

. Puysocarpl E. & E., Proc. Phila. Acad.. 1894, 335.
Type HABITAT: On Opulaster opulifolius, May 12, 1894
(Nuttall, 1507, 488).
98 THE WEST VIRGINIA FLORA

Perithecia gregarious, covered by the pustuliform epider-
mis, about .25 mm. diameter, white inside, depressed-globose.
the papilliform ostiolum barely penetrating the epidermis.
Asci clavate-cylindrical, short-stipitate, 85 to 90 x 10 to 12
u, paraphysate, 8-spored. Sporidia biseriate, fusoid, 4-
nucleate, uniseptate, constricted at the septum, hyaline, 19
to 22 x 4 to 5 w, mostly a little curved.

MELANCONIS Tul.
M. moponta Tul.
On Castanca dentatu, Nov. 14, 1893 (Nuttall, 1274, 221).
M. Titracea (Ell) E. & E.
On bark of Tilia, in company with Diplodia paraphysata
E. & E., Fayette, near Nuttallburg (Nuttall). \lonongalia,
at Morgantown (Sheldom).

HERCOSPORA Tul.

’ H. Titiae (Fr.) Tul.
On Tilia heterophylla, Feb. 16, 1894. Spores 18 x 7.5 p
(Nuttall, 1834, 346).

DIAPORTHE Nits.

D. Grapioti E. & E.?

On Caulophylluin thalictroides, July 8, 1894. Asci 38 x 5
to 7 p, spores septate, 4 nucleate, about 10 x 3 w (.\uttall.
1603, 553)-

D. Aratise E. & E., Proc. Phila. Acad., 339 (1894).

TypE HABITAT: On Aralia spinosa, Feb. 2, 1894 (.\Vuttall,
discov. 1356, 312).

Stroma buried in the wood and circumscribed by a pene-
trating, black line, elliptical, about 5 x 4 mm. Perithecia
buried in the stroma, few (6 to 10) globose, .5 to .75 mm.
diameter, their short-cylindrical ostiola projecting from a
black, tubercular disk seated on the surface of the wood and
perforating the pustuliform-elevated epidermis, but scarcely
rising above it. Asci clavate-cylindrical, 4o to 45 x 5 to 6 n,
paraphysate, 8-spored. Sporidia biseriate, oblong, 4-nucleate,
becoming uniseptate and slightly constricted, hyaline, obtuse,
12 to 13 X 2.5 to 3 ph.

Allied to and resembling D. ocularia C. & FE.

D. (Cuorostate) HaLestAr E. & E., Proc. Phila. Acad., 339
(1894).

TYPE HABITAT: On dead limbs of A/ohrodendron Caro-
linn, May, 1894 (Nuttall, discov. 1541).

Perithecia 4 to 8, loosely circinate. .75 mm. horn-color
inside, becoming nearly black, sunk in the wood, necks con-
verging with their obtuse, smooth, hemispherical ostiola
WEST VIRGINIA GEOLOGICAL SURVEY 99

erumpent in a close fascicle, closely surrounded by the rup-
tured epidermis. Asci slender, 55 to 60 x 6 to 7 yn, short-
stipitate. Sporidia sub-biseriate, fusoid-oblong, hyaline, 2 to
4nucleate, becoming uniseptate and slightly constricted,
straight, 12 to 15 x 2.5 to 3p.

There is no distinct circumscribing line around the stroma,
but the inner surface of the bark is uniformly blackened.

D. (CHorostate) TETRAPTERAE E. & E., Proc. Phila. Acad., 339

(1894).

Type HABITAT: On dead limbs A/ohrodendron Carolina,
May. 1894 (Nuttall, discov. 1542).

Stroma cortical, 1.5 to 2 mm. diameter, surrounded by a
black line which does not penetrate the wood. Perithecia
4 to 12, circinate, 5 mm. diameter, sunk to the wood and
leaving their impress on its surface but not penetrating it.
Ostiola obtusely rounded and perforated, erumpent in a com-
pact fascicle and closely surrounded by the ruptured epi-
dermis. Asci clavate-cylindrical, 75 to 80 x 12 ». Sporidia
biseriate, oblong-fusoid, slightly curved, subobtuse, hyaline,
uniseptate and constricted at the septum, each cell with a
large nucleus, 9 to 22 x 5 to 7 mw.

Differs from D. Halesiac E. & E., in its smaller perithecia,
not sunk in the wood, and its much larger sporidia.

D. (CHorostaTe) Aceris Fckl.
On Acer saccharinum, L., Jan. 26, 1894 (Vuttall, 1739).
D. HyprancearE E. & E., Field Mus. Bot., 1:140 (1896).

TypPE HABITAT: On dead stems Hydrangea arborescens,
Nov., 1894 (Nuttall, discov. 1756, 641).

Perithecia scattered, ovate-globose, 350 to 380 » diameter,
sunk in the wood, which is not at all discolored. Ostiola
stout, erumpent, short-cylindrical, or conic-cylindrical, the
apex papilliform. Asci (p. sp.) oblong-cylindrical, 50 ito 60
x 8 », 8spored, obscurely paraphysate. Sporidia biseriate.
oblong-elliptical, hyaline, uniseptate, slightly constructed, 12
to 15 x 3 to 4 w, ends subacute.

This may be the Sphacria spoken of by Schweinitz as
found by him on limbs of Hydrangea, in company with his
Sphaeria (Teichospora) Hydrangeae.

D. (CHoROSTATE) CERCOPHORA (Ellis.) Sacc.

On Ilex opaca, Dec. 23, 1893, March 15, 1894 (Nuttall,

1333)
ile) (onesie) oncostom. (Du B.) Fekl.

On Robinia Pseudacacia, April 7, 1894. Spores 17 to 19 x
4to 5 » (Nuttall, 1446).

TD. (CuHorostaTE) sociata (C. & E.) Sace.

On Benzoin Benzoin, April 13, 1895. Helminthospores 75
to 100 X I5 pm. 7- septate (Nuttall, 1798).
100 THE WEST VIRGINIA FLORA

D. (CHOROSTATE) OBSCURA (Peck) Sacc.
On Rubus villosus, Feb. 13, 1893 (Nuttall, 1313, 260).
D. (EuportHE) ACULEATA (Schw.) Sacc.
On Phytolacca decandra, Nov. 14, 1894. Asci 40 to 55 x
6 to 7.5 pw. Spores 12.5 to 18 x 3 to 3.5 w (Nuttall, 1754,
639).
D, (TETRASTAGA) ROSTELLATA (Fr.) Nits.
On Rubus odoratus, May 31, 1894 (Nuttall, 1528, 560).

AMPHISPHAERIA Ces. & DeNot.

A. PINICOLA Rehm.
On Pinus rigida at Glade Creek, and on Pinus Virginiana,
May 4, 1894. Spores very variable + 35 x 12 » (Nuttall,
1499, 480).

VALSARIA Ces. & DeNot.

V. EXASPERANS (Ger.) Sace.
On Juglans cinerca, Nov. 3, 1893 (Nuttall, 1260, 202).
On same, Monongalia, near Morgantown (Sheldon).

MASSARIA DeNot.

M. Macnottaz E. & E., Field Mus. Bot., 1:141 (1896).

Type HABITAT: On bark of dead limbs Magnolia acu-
minata, April 25, 1895 (Nuttall, discov. 1818, 700, 705).

Perithecia scattered, buried in the bark, depressed-globose.
.75 to 1.25 mm. diameter, the subconical ostiolum piercing
but not perceptibly raising the bark. Asci broad oblong, p
sp. 150 to 200 x §5 to 65 » with a very short, nodular stipe,
8-spored, paraphysate. Sporidia crowded-biseriate, oblong
or clavate-oblong, 3 to 5-septate, mostly 3-septate, when
young, hyaline at first, finally deep brown and then with
only one distinct septum, though often 1 to 4 other faint
septa can be seen. There is a distinct constriction at the
main septum, which is a little below the middle of the spore,
but none at the other faint septa which are often wanting.
The sporidia measure 65 to 80 x 20 to 25 yp, larger than in
M. foedans (Tode), which has sporidia about 50 x 20 p, 3-
septate and constricted at all the septa, besides being more
distinctly narrowed below.

LEPTOSPHAERIA (Pers.) DeNot.
L. Dotiotum (Pers.) DeNot.
On Polynmia Uvedalia and Helianthus decapetalus, Nov.
16, 1894. Perithecia covered by outer bark. Asci, fertile
part 110 x 6 y, stipitate, spores overlapping at ends. Spores
22X 4», 23 x 4.5 Bs 25 x 5 Be 27 x 5 By 30 x 5 Bs 3-septate,
WEST VIRGINIA GEOLOGICAL SURVEY TOL

nucleate, constricted at septum when mature; straight, one-
sided, or curved (Nuttall, 1744).
L. VAGABUNDA Sacc.
; On dead stems Hydrangea arborescens, Nov. 21, 1894.
Asci 125 to 150 x 7.5.m total length (Nuttall, 1745).
L. ociLviensis (B. & Br.) Ces. & DeNot.
On Cimicifuga racemosa, July 4, 1894 (Nuttall, 1586).
L. cLavicERA (C. & E.) Sacc.
On old stems Phytolacca decandra, Nov. 14, 1894 (Nuti-
all, 1741). Spores + 43 x 6p». :
L. ortTHOGRAMMA (B. & C.)
On Zea Mays, Aug. 10, 1895 (Nuttall, 1832, 722).

MELANOMMA Nits & Fekl.
M. Putvis-pyrius (Pers.) Fckl.
On decorticated Magnolia Fraseri, alt. 1,800 ft., Short
Creek, Sept. 10, 1893. Spores 15 x 3.5 » (Nuttall, 1200).

TREMATOSPHAERIA -Fckl.
T. viriceEna E. & E., Field Mus. Bot., 1:142 (1896).

TYPE HABITAT: On old, decaying wood of Vitis rupestris,
April, 1894 (Nuttall, discov. 454).

Perithecia gregarious, sunk in the wood all except the
obtuse, convex apex, .5 to .75 mm. diameter, depressed-
globose, the buried part rather thin-walled, the erumpent.
convex apex thick, solid, like the stromatic shield of Clype-
osphaeria. Ostiolum papilliform, soon perforated. Asci
clavate-cylindrical, paraphysate, 8-spored, 86 to 100 x Io
to 12 p. Sporidia sub-biseriate, fusoid-oblong, 3-septate,
and constricted, subacute, pale-brown, 20 to 25 x 6 to 7 yp.

PSEUDOVALSA Ces. & DeNot.
-P. stemorpEa (C. & E.)

On dead limbs Quercus Prinus. Spores 50 to 88 x § to
7 » (Nuttall, 1828, 717).°

LASIOSPHAERIA Ces. & DeNot
L. ovina (Pers.) Ces. & DeNot.
On Juglans cinerea, and parasitic on Hyposxylon, Short
Creek, alt. 1,800 ft., Dec. 16, 1893. Spores 50 to 60 x 6
to 7.5 ». Asci 135 x 12.5 w (Nuttall, 1322).

ACANTHOSTIGMA DeNot.

A. DECASTYLUM (Cooke) Sacc.
On dead log, June 18, 1893 (Nuttall, 1018).
102 THE WEST VIRGINIA FLORA

HERPOTRICHIA Fckl.

H. prrrusa (Schw.) E. & E.
On dead twig, Sept. 10, 1893 (Nuttall, 1197). On
AMlorus rubra, at Marilla (Sheldon). ‘

CALOSPORA Sacc.

C. ACULEANS (Schw.) Sacc.
On Rhus hirta and copallina, March 2y, 1894. Spores
15 to 17 x 3 p, aculeate (Nuttall, 1440).
C. Ruorna (C. & Ell) Sace.
On Rhus hirta, Dec. 9, 1893. Spores 15 to 18 x 5? m
hyaline, 4-nucleate, uniseptate constricted at septum. (.\Vutt-
all, 1348, 306).

PYRENOPHORA Fr.

P. cALVESCENS (Fr.) Sace.?
On Chenopodium anthelminticum, Aug. 10, 1895 (Nuttall.

1845, 730).

TEICHOSPORA Fckl.

T. nitipa E. & E.
On Rubus villosus, Apr. 25, 1895. Asci 75 x 12? p. Spores
20 to 23 x 9 to 10 w (Nuttall, 1817, 706).

CARYOSPORA DeNot.

C. putAMiINUM (Schw.) DeNot.
On Hickorynut, Monongalia, Morgantown (Sheldon).

PLEOSPHAERIA Speg.

P. corticota E. & E., Proc. Phila. Acad., 1894, 332.
Type HABITAT: On bark of Pimus rigida, Glade Creek,
June 24, 1894 (Nuttall, discov. 1582).
Perithecia scattered, superficial, ovate, 300 to 400 p» diam-
eter, carbonaceo-membranaceéous, pilose-strigose, hairs 100
to 200 x 5 to 6 » soon opaque, very faintly and sparingly
septate, here and there collected into closely compacted fas-
cicles resembling stout bristles. Ostiolum papilliform, ob-
tuse. Asci oblong-cylindrical, abruptly short-stipitate, 80 to
100 x 20 to 25 pw. Paraphysate? Sporidia crowded, acutely
elliptical, nearly hyaline at first, becoming olive-brown ana
5 to 7 septate and muriform, but not constricted.
Comes near P. strigosa Sacc., but perithecia rather smaller,
not depressed, and hairs fasciculate.
s

P. - ;
On Tecoma radicans, Feb. 20, 1894 (Nuttall, 1414, 385).

 
WEST VIRGINIA GEOLOGICAL SURVEY 103

CUCURBITARIA Gray.

. FPraxini E, & E.

On Fraxinus Americana, Apr. 27, 1894 (Nuttall, 1523).
. ELONGATA (Fr.) Grev.

On Robinia Pseudacacia, Jan. 15, 1894 (Nuttall, 1783).

OPHIOBOLUS Riess.
. PORPHYROGONUS (Tode) Sacc.
On Vernonia Noveboracensis, Apr. 24, 1895 (Nuttall,
1820, 702).
. ACUMINATUS (Sow.)
On Zea Mays, Aug. 10, 1895 (Nuttall, 1839, 728).

QO. FuLcipus (C. & P.) Sacc.

On Vernonia Noveboracensis, Apr. 24, 1895 (Nuttall,
1821, 703).

CRYPTOSPORA Tul.
. FEMORALIS (Peck) Sacc.

On Alnus rugosa, Feb. 25, 1894. Asci 60 to 75 x 12.5
to 15 w. Spores 50 to 65 x 3.5 » in middle and, enlarging
to 5 » at each end (Nuttall, 1318).

. cIncTuLA (C. & P.) Sacc.?

On Castanea dentata, Dec. 8, 1893. Asci about 75 x 7.5
p. Spores 60 to 75 x 4 p, hyaline, nucleate, curved, often
slightly thickened toward one end (Nuttall, 1296, 245).

. TRICHOSPORA (C. & P.) Sacc.?

On Quercus sp., Feb., 1894. Spores + 50? pw (Nuttall.

1450).

HYPOCREACEAE.

HYPOMYCES Fr.
. ROSELLUS (Alb. & Schw.) Tul.?
On Hymenocetum on Magnolia Fraseri, March 6, 1894
(Nuttall, 1417, 387).
. AURANTIUS (Pers.) Tul.
On Stercum sp. Sept. 3, 1893 (Nuttall, 1198). Short
Creek, alt. 1,800 ft.

CREONECTRIA Seaver.

‘. PURPUREA (L.) Seaver. (Nectria cinnabarina Fr.).
On Aralia spinosa, March 5, 1894. Asci 75 x 7.5 u.

Spores 20 to 23 x 4 to 5 wm (Nuttall, 1405, 374). On Acer

saccharum, Monongalia: near Morgantown (Sheldon).
104

C.

N.

As

H.

THE WEST VIRGINIA FLORA

COCCINEA (Pers.) Seaver. (Nectria coccinea Fr., ditissima
Tul.).
On bark of dead Magnolia Fruseri, March, 1894. Asci
65x 7.5. Spores 10 to 15 x 3.5 to6 m (Nuttall, 1472, 451).
On dead and fallen Robinia Pseudacacia, on Alagnolia
Fraseri, Oct. 17, 1893 (Nuttall, 1115, 162).

NECTRIA Fries.

Peziza (Tode) Fries. (N. vulpina E. & E.).
On bark of dead Ulmus pubescens? Oct. 17, 1894. Spores
IO X 5 p, I-septate, 2-guttulate (Nuttall, 1216, 164).

. EPISPHAERIA (Tod.) Fr.

On dead fallen twigs, Aug. 15, 1893 (Nuttall, 1175, 143).
On Fagis, Monongalia: near Morgantown (Sheldon).

APONECTRIA Sacc.

. INAURATA (B. & Br.) Sacc.

On Rhus copallina, Mar. 24, 1894 (Nuttall, 1431). Micro-
spores 3 X I w. Spores 10 to 12.5 x 3 mp.

HYPOCREA Fr.

LENTA (Tode) Berk. & Br. (H. Schwrewmiteti Sacc.).
On an Oak log. Boone: near Lick Run (Sheldon).

. PATELLA Cooke & Peck.

On dead wood, Fayette: near Nuttallburg (Nuttall, 75).
Virerniensis E. & E. Proc. Phila. Acad., 442 (1893).

TYPE HABITAT: On leaves of Rhododendron maximum,
Aug. 12, 1893 (Nuttall, discov. 1163).

Epiphyllous, stroma carnose, scattered, sub-hemispherical
or depressed-turbinate, 1 to 2 mm. diameter, of a yellowish
gray color, subtruncate above and obscurely margined
(when mature). Perithecia buried in the stroma, ovate,
membranaceous, 110 to 150 p» diameter. Ostiola hemis-
pherical, prominent, black, broadly perforated and some-
times collapsed. Asci clavate-cylindrical, p. sp. 40 to 45 x 7
to 8 yw, short-stipitate, filiform-paraphysate, 8-spored. Spori-
dia biseriate, oblong-fusoid, yellowish-hyaline, uniseptate,
slightly constricted at the septum, obtusely pointed at the
ends, 10 to 12 x 3 to 3.5 mp.

H. viridans B. & C. seems to differ in its hidden ostiola
(ostiolis latitantibus).

This species is said by Seaver to be a discomycete.

TENERRIMA FE, & E., Proc. Phila. Acad., 442 (1893).

Type HABITAT: Incrusting moss, leaves, twigs, living
Gaultheria procumbens, etc. July, 1893 (Nuttall, discov.
1138, 123).
WEST VIRGINIA GEOLOGICAL SURVEY 105

-Perithecia gregarious, minute (.16 mm.), clothed (except
the black apex) with a thin white tomentum, seated on a
thin snow-white, tomentose-arachnoid subiculum. Asci cyl-
indrical, 40 x 3 pw, without paraphyses, 8-spored. Sporidia
uniseriate, oblong, obtuse, hyaline, 5 to 6 x 2 », with a single
nucleus in the centre (becoming uniseptate) ?

This is closely allied to H. subcarnea E. & E., but differs
in the color of the subiculum, the black apex of the peri-
thecia, the narrower asci, and rather longer sporidia. Pos-
sibly Nectria Rexiana Ellis.

PODOSTRQMA Karst:

. ALUTACEUM (Pers.) Atk.
On decaying organic matter on the ground. Seaver,
North Am. Flora, 3:36.

HYPOCREOPSIS Karst.
. LICHENOIDES (Tode) Seaver. (H. riccioidea Karst.).
On Kalmia latifolia, alt. 2,000 ft., Aug. 24, 1893. Spores
apparently moniliform (Nuttall, 1178).

GIBBERELLA Sacc.

. PULICARIS (Fries) Sacc. (G. Saubinetii Sacc.).
On Asparagus officinalis, Nov. 1, 1893 (Nuttall, 1243,

190).

SCOLEONECTRIA Seaver.
. SCOLEOSPERMA (Bref.) Seaver.

On Pinus Strobus, Monongalia: at Morgantown (Shel-
don).

BROOMELLA Sacc.

. Raveneti (Berk.) Sacc.
On Acer rubrum, April 4, 1894 (Nuttall, 1461, 439).

THYRONECTRIA Sacc.

. DENIGRATA (Wint.) Seaver. (Pleonectria Wint.).
On Gleditsia triacanthos, Monongalia: near Morgan--

town (Sheldon).

> Missouriensis (E. & E.) Seaver. (Pleonectria E. & E.).

On dead stick, Fayette: near Nuttallburg (Nuttall, 871).

CORDYCEPS Fries.
. Mitiraris (Linn.) Link.

In laurel thicket on ground, Aug. 12, 1893, Keeney’s
Creek (Nuttall, 1205, 161).
106 THE WEST VIRGINIA FLORA

C. parasitica ( Willd.) Seaver. (C. ophioglossoides Link).
On ground in wet woods, Aug. 24, 1893 (.Vuttall, 1172).

DOTHIDEACEAE.,

PHYLLACHORA Nits.
[. Graminis (Pers.) Fekl.

On living leaves of Hystrix Hystrirx, Fayette Co.: near
Nuttallburg (Millspaugh). On Elymus Canadensis, Oct. 28,
1893 (Nuttall, 1250, 192).

wv. Caricis (Fr.) Sacc.?

On Korycarpus diandrus, March 1, 1894 (immature)

(Nuttall, 1402, 238).
P. POMAGENA Sace.
Berkeley, on Malus Alalus at Gerrardstown (Waite).

DOTHIDELLA Speg.
I Urmae (Sz.) E. & E.
On Ulmis pubescens, Nov. 5, 1894 (Nuttall, 1749, 629)

PLOWRIGHTIA Sacc.
P. morposa (Schw.) Sacce.
On limbs of cultivated Plum and Cherry, \fonongalia
Co., near Morgantown (Muillspaugh). On Prunus serotina,
Pocahontas: Cranberry Mountain (Sheldon).

MICROTHYRIACEAE.

MYICOPORON Speg.

M. Smitacts (De Not) Sacc.
On Smilax sp. April 12, 1895 (Nuttall, 1807).

LO PAHLOSTOMACE AE.

LOPHIOTREMA Sacc.
L. Nucuta (Fr.) Sace.
On dead heartwood of Liquidambar Styraciflua, April 20,
1894 (Nuttall, 1479, 459).

LOPHIDIUM Sacc.
L. nitipum E. & E., Proc. Phila. Acad., 333 (1894).
Type HABITAT: On Vitis cult. Feb. 2, 1894 (Nuttall,
discov. 1336, 295).
Perithecia scattered, semi-erumpent, small (200 to 250 p
diameter) black and shining, subhemispherical, the flattened
base immersed in the bark. Ostiolum compressed, thin,
WEST VIRGINIA GEOLOGICAL SURVEY 107

narrow, sometimes obsolete. Asci cylindrical, short (8 to
Io p), stipitate, about 100 x 10 to 12 p», paraphysate, 8-
spored. Sporidia uniseriate, oblong-elliptical, yellow-brown,
5 to 7-septate with a longitudinal septum running through
two or more cells, 19 to 22 x 8 to 10 p, ends mostly rounded
and obtuse, not at all or only slightly constricted in the
middle.
L. compressuM (Pers.) Sacc.

On Salix nigra falcata, April 23, 1804. Asci 70 to 100

X13 p. Spores 25 to 30 x 8 to 10 pw (Nuttall, 1481, 461).

HELVELLA CEAE,

AIORCHELLA Dill.
AMI. EScULENTA (Linn.) Pers.
Along an old road among grasses and leaves under an
oak. April 18, 1893 (Nuttall, 897). (Sheldon, 2308, 2842;
3229).
AI. AncusticErs Peck.
On ground, Short Creek, April 18, 1893. Spores 25 to
28 x 15 p (Nuttall, 895).

sp.
On ground. Short Creek, 5 cm. high, with smooth spores
28 x 17 p, April 18, 1893 (Nuttall, 896).

GYROMITRA Fr.
G. CURTIPES Fr.
On ground below cliffs, Short Creek. Asci, fertile part
50 x 16 to 18 w. Total length 350 uw. Spores 22 to 30 x
IO p, 2-nucleate (.\uttal/, 1813).

HELVELLA Linn.
H, wacrorpus (Pers.) Karst?
On ground in woods at base of cliffs, July 15, 1893
(Nuttall, 1097).
H. crtspa (Scop.) Fries.
(Sheldon, 2098).

MITRULA Fr.

MM. PHALLOIDES ( Bull.) Chev.
In water on leaves of Quercus Prinus, etc., spores to 20
x 3p. Miasterson’s Glade. June 11, 1893 (Nuttall, 935).
On decaying leaves in a gutter (Sheldon, 2923).
M. Lutescens B. & C.
On ground and on dead logs in deep woods, alt. 2,000
ft. (Nuttall, 1024).
108 THE WEST VIRGINIA FLORA

wr

SPATHULARIA Pers.
CLAVATA (Scheef.) Sacc.?
In woods among dead leaves, stipe dark brown, spores
short 25 pw, July 10, 1893 (Nuttall, 1087).

. VELUTIPES C. & F.

Among mosses on a decaying log (Sheldon, 3437).

VIBRISSEA Fr.

. TRUNCORUM (A. & S.) Fr.

On wet dead sticks, alt. 1,800 ft., June 15, 1893 (Nuttall.
991). On wood in running water (Sheldon, 2986, 2922).

PEZIZACEAE.
RHIZINA Fr.

. INFLATA (Schaef.) Quel.

On sandstone rock in sandy loam.  Blackish-brown,
spreading, 2 to 9 cm. x I to 3 em., convex, loosely attached
to the soil by strong rootlets from all parts of the underside,
margin strongly rolled inward. Asci 375? to 415 x 12.5 pn,
spores hyaline, apiculate, large, 40 x 10 pw. Keeney’s Creek,
Nov. 3, 1893 (Nuttall, 1224).

GEOPYXIS Pers.

. NEBULOSA Cooke.

On dead wet wood at low and high altitudes, Aug. Io,
1893 (Nuttali, 1177). On a decaying log (Sheldon, 2453,

2455, 3425, 3467).

. CARBONARIA A. & S.

On ground upon which logs had been burned-the previ-
ous autumn, April 18, 1893 (Nuttall, go8).

. CUPULARIS Linn.

(Sheldon, 3469).
PEZIZA Dill.

. AURANTIA Pers,

On wet and freshly crushed sandstone ballast, and on
filling of sandstone cut on railroad. Spores curiously rough
and apiculate at both ends. Nov. 3, 1893 (Nuttall, 1225).
On soil (Sheldon, 1239, 3239).

. BADIA Pers.

On ground, Short Creek, April 18, 1893 (Nuttall, 922).

. REPANDA Wahl.

On earth and decaying wood (Sheldon, 3519, 2909, 2844).

. VESICULOSA Bull.

On earth in a greenhouse (Sheldon, 3117).
To

WEST VIRGINIA GEOLOGICAL SURVEY 109

OTIDEA Pers.

. ONOTICA OCHRACEA Fr.

On ground and on rotten Tsuga Canadensis, July 14,
1893. Asci 175 x 10 p» total length, spores 11 to 13 x 7.5 pw,
nuclei 2 (Nuttall, 1098).

HUMARIA Fr.

. ECHINOSPERMA Peck.

In soil of ditch, July 20, 1894 (Nuttall, 1630).

. CESTRICA E, & E.

On earth (Sheldon, 3104).

. GERARDII Cke.

On earth in woods (Sheldon, 3468).

. AVANEOSA Bull. ?

On wood ashes (Sheldon, 2945).
SARCOSCYPHA Fr.

. OCCIDENTALIS (L. & S.) Boud.

On various dead twigs and on soil (Sheldon, 1419, 2987,
3250, 3013).

. RUFUM (L. & S.) Rehm.

On wood (Sheldon, 646).

. COCCINEA Jacq.

On sticks, on ground in damp shady place, March 20,
1893 (Nuttall, 852). On decaying wood (Sheldon, 27809,
2831).

. FLoccosa Schw.

On a stick in a laurel thicket, alt. 2,000 ft., July 12, 1893
(Nuttall, 1112).

CIBORIA Fuckel.

. JUGLANDIS Preuss?

On hickory shucks (Sheldon, 3016).
PLICARIELLA Sace.

P. mintata (Crouan) Lindau.

On earth (Sheldon, 2796).

. SCABROSA (Sacc.). (Phaeopesiza Sacc.).

On decaying log (Sheldon, 2459).
LACHNEA Fr.

. SCUTELLATA, Linn.

On rotting log Fagus atropunicea and under bark of wet
log Quercus alba, Monongalia Co.. near Morgantown
(Millspaugh). On rotten wood in old drift of mine, and
on bare sandy ground among pebbles, Short Creek, May
IIo THE WEST VIRGINIA FLORA

II-17, 1893 (Nuttall, 936). On decaying wood, leaves, etc.
(Sheldon, 557, 1550, 2061, 1042, 3364, 2888, 2449, 2887,
3371, 2930, 1413).

L. uMBRARUM Fr.

On open bare sandy soil, Short Creek, May, 1893 (.Vutt-
all, 1107).

L. wirta Schum.

On floor of cave, July 25, 1893 (Nuttall, 1127).

L. VITELLINA Pers.

On dead log. Asci 235 x 15 p, Short Creek, July 2,
1893 (Nuttall, 1114).

. ERINACEA (L. & S.) Sace.

On underside of log Quercus alba, Monongalia Co., near
Morgantown (Millspaugh). On decaying logs (Sheldon,
2060, 3187, 3399, 3401).

SCLEROTINIA Fuckel.

. FRUCTIGENA Rehm.

Monongalia: near \lorgantown, on a fallen Peach (Shel-
don, 2832). Conidial stage on Plum, Peach, Raspberry and
Apple (Sheldon).

. TUBEROSA (Hedw.) Fckl.

On earth (Sheldon, 3179).

. TRIFOLIORUM Eriks.

On ground in open woods, May 18, 1893 (Nuttall, 960).

GEOGLOSSUM Pers.
GLABRUM Pers.
On soil (Sheldon, 2454).

GORGONICEPS Karst.
GUERNISACI Sace.
On decaying wood (Sheldon, 2866).

HELOTIUM Fr.

. LAcTEUM E. & E., Proc. Phila. Acad., 145 (1893).

On bare log, Dec. 16, 1893. Pure white, stipitate, plane
.4 to .6 mm. asci clavate 95 to 110 x 7.5 pw. Spores curved
16 to 25 x 3 to 4 p, nuclei 4, paraphyses slender, Short
Creek near the falls (Nuttall, 1318).

. HERBARUM (Pers.) Fr.

On Polymnia Uvedalia, Nov. 15, 1894. Cups 6 to 12 mm.
diameter, stipes 1 to 2 mm. long. Asci 55 to 75 x 7.5 to
10 w. Spores 12 to 15 x 2.5 w (Nuttall, 1755).
CONFLUENS Schw.

On dead logs, alt. 1,800 ft. Oct. 20, 1893 (Nuttall, 1213).
WEST VIRGINI.A GEOLOGICAL SURVEY Zi1

. clIrRINUM (Hedw.) Fr.
On wet dead log. Short Creek, alt. 1,800 ft. Sept. 12,
1893 (Nuttall, 1201).
. CASTANEUM Sacc.
On leaves of Rhododendron maximum. Short Creek, alt.
1,800 ft. Sept. 12, 1893 (Nuttall, 1206).
. EPHIPHYLLUM (Pers.) Fr.
On decaying leaves, twigs, etc. (Sheldon, 3428).
. PHYLLOPHILUM Desm.
On decaying leaves (Sheldon, 3363).
. FRUCTIGENUM Rehm.
On dead wood, leaves, chestnut bur and acorn (Sheldon,
3470).
. FRATERNUM Peck.
(Sheldon, 3377).

PHIALEA Fr.
. SCUTULA (Pers.) Gill.
On decaying herbaceous stems (Sheldon, 3514).
. CYATHOIDES (Bull.) Gill.
(Sheldon, 3544).
. VIRGULTORUM ( Vahl.) Sacc.
On old grape twigs on wet ground. Asci 105 x 7.5 p.
Spores 18 x 4p. Nov. 1, 1894 (Nuttall, 1735). (Sheldon,
1080).

PSEUDOHELOTIUM Fekl.

. FIBRISEDUM (B. & C.) Sacc.

On wet dead wood of Juglans cinerea, Dec. 5, 1894. \Iore
than 2 mm. diameter, margin ciliate, red-maculate; asci
oblong short-stipitate, total length 65 x 7.5 » (appro.x.).
paraphyses filiform. Spores hyaline 1-septate (?) oblong,
straight or slightly curved, 12 to 18 x 3 p (Nuttall, 1764).

CYATHICULA De Not.

. guisgurLiaAris E. & E., Proc. Phila. Acad., 451 (1893).
Type HABITAT: On dead racemes of Quercus Prinus, on
dead leaves, on rock in woods, April 2, 1893 (.Vuttall, discov.
1)
4 Gregarious, sessile, I to 1.5 mm. diameter, cup-shaped,
disk pale with a tinge of brick color when dry, dull, dirty-
white and purpuraceo-squamulose outside, margin distinctly
cleft-toothed and incurved when dry. Asci cylindrical, sub-
sessile, 55 to 65 x 6 to 7 », with filiform paraphyses scarcely
thickened above. Sporidia uniseriate, or sub-biseriate above.
elliptical, hyaline, continuous, 6 to 8 x 3 to 4 mw.
II2 THE WEST VIRGINIA FLORA

CHLOROSPLENIUM Fr.

C. AERUGINOSUM (Oeder) De N.

On loose core inside dead tree, Nov. 6, 1893. Disk more
brilliant than margin in light and when young, in shadow
varying to pure white. Asci over 105 x 7.5 p» total length,
spores guttate 12.5 x 3 w (Nuttall, 1235). On decaying log
(Sheldon, 2063).

C. VERSIFORME (Pers.) Karst.
On rotten mossy log, Short Creek, Oct. 28, 1893 (Nuttall,
. 1238). On decaying log (Sheldon, 3045).
C. ScHweinitzir Fr.

Top of oak log, Dec. 10, 1893. Yellow in spring, green

in autumn and winter (Nuttall, 1276).

MOLLISIA Fr.
M. Deunit (Rabenh.) Karst.
On Potentilla Monspeliensis, July 21, 1894 (Nuttall, 1618).
M. rrnastrrt (C. & P.) Sacc.
On Pinus Virginiana, Dec. 3, 1894 (Nuttall, 1763).
M. cINEREA (Batsch.) Karst.
Peziza cinerea Batsch. On decayed log, Monongalia Co.,
near Morgantown (Millspaugh). Ona decaying Black Wal-
nut log (Sheldon, 3369).

PYRENOPEZIZA Fuckel.
P. racerata (C. & P.) Sace.
On Rubus cdoratus, May 31, 1894. Asci 45 to 50 x 5 to
6 p. Spores 8 to 12.5 x 2 to 2.5 w (Nuttall, 1529). On
Rubus odoratus (Sheldon, 549).

PSEUDOPEZIZA Fuckel.
P. Trirotit (Biv. & Bernh.) Fckl.
On Trifolium pratense (Sheldon, 1596).
P. Mepricacrnis (Lib.) Sace.
On Medicago satiwa (Sheldon, 1605).

TAPESIA Pers.

T. SANGUINEA (Pers.) Fekl.
On dead log, and on Magnolia Frasecri and Juglans cinerea,
June 10, 1894 (Nuttall, 1546).
T. rusca (Pers.) Fekl.
On rotten burned log Tsuga Canadensis; on dead rotting
log Juglans cinera, alt. 1,300 ft. Asci 45 to 92 x 465 p.
Spores 8.to 10 x 2 pw. Short Creek, Feb. 2, 1894 (Nuttall,
1365).
‘T:

Ts,

H

WEST VIRGINIA GEOLOGICAL SURVEY 113

SUBICULATA (Schw.) Sacc.
On wet sticks, June 15 and Oct. 25, 1893. Spores large.
10 x 3 p (Nuttall, 992).

LACHNELLA Fr.

VircinicA E. & E., Proc. Phila. Acad. 349 (1894).

TyPE HABITAT: On decaying wood of A/agnolia Fraseri,
Feb., 1894 (Nuttall, discov. 1410, 380).

Gregarious, sessile, .75 to 1.2 mm. diameter. Disk pallid,
concave, nearly closed when dry, margin fringed with brown
septate hairs, 100 to 125 x 3 p», outside clothed with shorter
reddish-brown hairs. Asci about 50 x § p, clavate-sylindrical,
short stipitate, paraphysate, 8-spored. Sporidia sub-biseriate,
oblong, 6 to 8 x 1.5 to 2.5 uw.

TRICHOPEZIZA Fuckel.
-—SPp.
Torn end of firm dead tree, Short Creek, alt. 1,800 ft. Dec.
16, 1893 (Nuttall, 1326).
ALBO-LUTEA (Pers.) Sacc.?
On rotten log, Short Creek, June 18, 1893, stipitate
(Nuttall, 1013).

. CAPITATA (Peck.) Sacc.

On leaves Quercus palustris on ground in woods, alt. 2,000
ft.. June 18, 1893. At Rupert’s, July 26, 1894 (Nuttall,
IOII).

DASYSCYPHA Fr.

. VIRGINEA (Batsch) Fckl.

On dead sticks on wet cliff, and on wet dead woed of
Juglans cinerea, June 12, 1893 (Nuttall, 841).

. LUTEOLA (Cun.) Sacc.

On a stick (Hartley, 2974).
Extzistana (Rehm.) Sacc.

On Pinus rigida, top of Cavendish cliff, April 8, 1894
(Nuttall, 1447).

HELOTIELLA Sace.

NEUTRAL EE. & E., Prog, Phila, Acad. 351 (1894).

Type Waprtrat: On wet shady side of rotten log, March
15. 1894 (Nuttall, discov. 1425. 397).

Ascomata gregarious, sessile, flat-hemispherical, .5 to 1
mm. diameter, cup-shaped when fresh, contracted and sub-
spherical when dry with only a small round apical opening,
orange color throughout. disk watery-orange, outside and
fringed margin paler. Substance fibrous, the fibers prolonged
114

D.

THE WEST VIRGINIA FLORA

above so as to make a marginal fringe of pale yellow, rough-
ish straight hairs. Asci clavate-cylindrical, sessile, curved,
50 to 60 x 5 to 6 ». Paraphyses filiform, hardly thickened
above, with a series of orange-colored, globose nuclei. Spo-
ridia biseriate, oblong, hyaline, obtuse, uniseptate, but not
constricted, 8 to 10 x 2.5 to 3 w. The outside of the asco-
mata is slightly hairy so that the species might be referred
to Solenpesiza if that is really worthy of generic distinction.

DERMATELLA Karst.
viTicoLca E. & E., Proc. Phil. Acad., 352 (1894).

TyvE HABITAT: On dead shoots of Vitis (cult.) Nov. 1893
(Nuttall, discov. 1337, 295).

Sessile, convex-discoid and pale when moist, concave and
flesh-color when dry, and then scarcely projecting above the
surface of the bark. .50 to .75 mm. diameter. Asci clavate-
cylindrical, about 70 x 12 p, with filiform paraphyses, 8-
spored, sub-sessile. Sporidia sub-biseriate, oblong elliptical,
hyaline, 1 to 3-septate (3 to 4-nucleate at first), 15 to 18 x 6
to 6.5 pb.

BELONIDIUM Mont.

AURELIA (Pers.) DeNot.
Peziza aurelia, Pers. On a dead leaf in rotton log, \fonon-
galia Co., at Little Falls (Millspawgh).

ERINELLA Sacc.

E. miniorsis (Ell.) Sace.

On wet rotten wood, May, 1893 (Nuttall, 934).
On Acer Enis (Sheldon, 2560).
ASCOBOLACEAE.
ASCOBOLUS, Pers.

. FURFURACEUS Pers.

On old dung of cow, June 8, 1893 (Nuttall, 974).

. CARBONARIUS Karst.

On bare spots where logs were burned by forest fire the
previous winter, associated with Geopyris carbonaria. It
appears that only the prolonged burning of large logs makes
proper habitat for this species, as it does not grow where
the fire was light. May 20, 1893 (Nuttall, 926).

ASCOPHANUS Boud.

. GRANULIFORMIS (Cr.) Boud. ?

On dung of cow, Dec., 1893 (Nuttall, 1340, 208).
WEST VIRGINIA GEOLOGICAL SURVEY Ils

. CARNES (Pers.) Boud.

On dung of cow, Oct. 10, 1893 (Nuttall, 1249, 182).

DE RILATEACE AE.
URNULA Fr.

. CRATERIUM (Schw.) Fr.

On dead twigs on ground, Short Creek, April 15, 1893
(Nuttall, 898). On soil (Sheldon 70), and on dead Oak
branch lying on the ground in a wood (AfeCutchcon, 3205).

DERMATEA Fr.

. Rust (Lib.) Rehm.

On Amelanchier Canadensis (F. E. Brooks, 944).

D. CHIONANTHI E. & E.?

N

Mlacrostylospores of this species? on Chionanthus Vir-
gintea, March 25, 1894 (Nuttall, 1454, 426).

. LOBATA Ellis.

On the macule of Pestalozsia Guepinii on leaves of Rho-
dodendron maximum. Asci 130 X 12.5 w spores 15 x 8 ph.
Aug. 15, 1895 (Nuttall, 1162, 132).

TYMPANIS Tode.

. Oxypenpri E. & E., Proc. Phila. Acad., 352 (1894).

TYPE HABITAT: On dead limbs of Oxydendron arboreum,
Dec. 12, 1893 (.Vuttall discov., 1296, 258).

Cespitose, 3 to 5 together, erumpent, at length deciduous,
black .5 to .75 mm. diameter, contracted below into a short
thick stipe, margin subundulate. Asci cylindrical t10 to
130 x 15 to 18 » including the short stipe. Paraphyses slen-
der, abundant, Sporidia numerous, minute, oblong, hyaline
or yellowish 2.5 to3 x14. Allied to T. fasciculata, but asci
larger and sporidia smaller.

. CONSPERSA Fries.

On Apple trees (Sheldon, 85, 511, 909).

CENANGELLA Sacc.

Acerts (Hazsl.) Sacc.
On bark of dying Acer rubrum, June 10, 1894. Sporidia
15 x 6p (Nuttall, 1554).

SCLERODERRIS Fr.

RHABARBARINA (Berk.) E. & E.
On Rubus Bailevanius, Dec. 8, 1893, Short Creek. Asci
total length 63 to 75 x 17 to 21 p, 8-spored. clavate, very
116 THE WEST VIRGINIA FLORA

short stipitate. Spores 20 to 27 x 6 to 7.5 p, nucleate, be-
coming clearly 3-septate and rather one-sided (Nuttall,

1294, 242).

S. PALLIDULA (Cooke) Sacc.

O° “Oy Ors iO ©)

O

On dead branches and bark of Acer saccharinum, L., Feb.
26, 1894. On Oxydendron arboreum. Sporidia 20 to 22 x
7 pw (Nuttall, 1408, 665).

BULGARIACEAE.
LEOTIA Hill.

. LUBRICA (Scop.) Pers.

On ground, alt. 1,800 ft. Short Creek, Aug. 14, 1893
(Nuttall, 1150). On earth (Sheldon, 3049, 3462, 3463).

ORBILIA Fr.

. RUBELLA ( Pers.)

On decorticated log, Liriodendron Tulipifera, Sept. 19,
1895 (Nuttall, 1858, 748).

. vinosa (A. & S.) Karst.

On Poria spissa, Nov. 6, 1893 (Nuttall, 1261).

. LUTEO-RUBELLA (Nyl.) Karst.

On decaying wood (Sheldon, 3047).

. OCCULTA (Rehm) Sacc.

On dead log, Aug. 20, 1893 (Nuttall, 1202).

. COCCINELLA (Somm.) Karst.

On dead log Juglans cinerea, Short Creek, July 25, 1803
(Nuttall, 1134, 663).

. XANTHOSTIGMA Fr.

On decorticated limbs A/agnolia Fraseri, Sept. 1895 aie
all, 1855, 742, 743).

BULGARIA Fr.

. INQUINANS (Pers.) Fr.

In clefts of bark of trees and railroad ties, Oct. 10, 1893
(Nuttall, 1210).

SARCOSMA Casp.

ruFuM (L. & S.) Rehm.
On dead Beech branches in woods (Sheldon, 3279).

CORYNE Tul.

. URNALIS (Nyl.) Sacc.

On rotting log Fagus atropunicca; under bark of Quercus
alba log, Monongalia Co., near Morgantown (lillspaugh).
On wet mossy logs, alt. 1,800 ft. and over, Oct. 10, 1893
(Nuttall, 1212, 167).
WEST VIRGINIA GEOLOGICAL SURVEY 117

. SARCOIDES (Jacq.) Tul.
On decaying log (Sheldon, 1414, 3186, 3189).

HOLWAYA Sacc.
. OPHIOBOLUS (Ellis) Sacc.
On bark of dead Magnolia Fraseri, alt. 1,800 ft., Dec. 16,
1893, Short Creek (Nuttall, 1323, 279).

STPVOCTA CE AE,

PROPOLIS Fr.
. FAGINEA (Schrad.) Karst.

On Juglans cinerea and on old board of Liriodendron
Tulipifera, Dec. 5, 1894 (Nuttall, 1765, 660). On Liguid-
amber Styraciflua.

. Leonis (Tul.) Rehm.

On bark of Pinus rigida and Virginiana, June 31, 1894
(Nuttall, 1581).

STICTIS Pers.
. FIMBRIATA Schw.

On strobiles of Pinus Virginiana, alt. 2,000 ft., March,
1894 (Nuttall, 1468, 443). Sporidia 5 to 7 x 1.5 p.

PHACIDIACEAE.

RHYTISMA (Pers.) Fr.
. PuNcTatuM (Pers.) Fr.

On leaves of Acer Pennsylvanicuim, alt. 2,000 ft., Oct.
22, 1893 (Nuttall, 1217, 168). On Acer spicatum, Ran-
dolph: near Cheat Bridge (Sheldon).

. DECOLORANS Fr.

On Xolisma ligustrina, at Rupert’s, July 26, 1894 (Nuttall,
1638, 569).

. ACERINUM (Pers.) Fries.

On Acer rubrum, Preston: near Rohr, and Randolph: near
Cheat Bridge; on Acer saccharum, Monongalia: near Mor-
gantown (Sheldon).

. Prini Schwein.

On leaves of Ilex verticillata, at Rupert’s, Sept. 7, 1894

(Nuttall, 1677).

PATELLARIACEAE.

DURELLA Tul.
. comMuTATA Fckl. ;
On dead log, Short Creek, Dec. 16, 1893 (Nuttall, 1328)
118 THE WEST VIRGINIA FLORA

Eh;

LECANIDION Rabenh.

. ATRATUM (Hedw.) Rabenh.

On Aralia spinosa, Feb. 17, 1894. Sporidia 50 x 12.5 p
(Nuttall, 1390, 359).

. HAMAMELIptIs (Peck) Sacc.

On bark of Hamamelis Virginica. Sporidia 1 to 3-septate
when mature. Dec. 18, 1894 (Nuttall, 1772).

GYMNOASCACEAE.

EXOASCUS Fckl.

DEFORMANS (Berk.) Fckl.
Taphrina deformans Tul. On leaves of Amygdalus Per-
sica, Jefferson Co., near Charlestown (Millspaugh).
Prount Fckl.
Taphrina Pruni Tul. On fruits of Prunus domestica,
Monongalia Co., at Morgantown (Millspaugh).

AYS LER DAC EAE.

GLONIUM Muehl.
STELLATUM Muehl.

On rotten oak plank, and on Sassafras Sassafras, July 28.
1893 (Nuttall 1128). On wood fence, Dellslow; on Juglans
nigra, Preston, near Albright (Sheldon).

PARVULUM (Ger.) Sace.

On fence rails Castanea dentata, April 20, 1894 (Nuttall,

1496).
SIMULANS Ger.

On old fence rails, alt. 2,000 ft., March 16, 1894. Asci
75 x 7.5 to 10 p. Spores 13 to 18 x 5 p. On Junglans
cmered, asci 65 x IO p; spores 12 to 15 x 4 to 5 w (Nuttall.
1415).

HYSTERIUM Tod.

. KALMIAE Schw.?

On dead Kalmua latifolia, Nov., 1893 (Nuttall, 1287, 232).
HYSTEROGRAPHIUM Corda.

. INSIDENS (Schw,) Sace.

On old fence rails, April 6, 1894. Largest spores 43 x 7.5
p, I1-septate (Nuttall, 1452). ‘

. suBRUGosUM (C. & E.) Sacc.

On old fence rails, May 26, 1894. Spores 33 to 35 x 12.5
pw (Nuttall, 1522).
Mort (Schw.) Rehm.
' On old fence rails, April 6, 1894 (Nuwttall, 1451).
WEST VIRGINIA GEOLOGICAL SURVEY IIg

HYPODERMA DC.

. DesmMaAzieERr Duly.

On living leaves of Pinus echinata. \Vood Co., near
Lockhart’s Run (AJillspaugh).

. VIRGULTORUM DC.

On Rubus Baileyanus, Dec. 5, 1893 (Nuttall, 1293).

. COMMUNE (Fr.) Duby.

On Hydrangea arborescens, Nov. 3, 1893 (Nuttall, 1259)
On old petioles fralia spinosa (Nuttall, 1830, 719).

LOPHODERMIUM Chey.
Ruopopenprr (Schw.)
On Rhododendron imarimum, Sept. 4, 1893 (Nuttall,
1192). Boone: near Lick Run (Sheldon.)

. Prnastri (Schrad.) Chev.

On leaves of Pinus rigida, Short Creek, Aug. 2, 1893
(Nuttall, 1158).

. CULMIGENUM (Fr.) Karst.

On straw brought in from Ohio, May 24, 1894. Mleasure-
ments of asci and spores prove to be the same as those of
L. arundinaceum (Schrad.) Chev. (Nuttall, 1496).

OSTROPA Fr.

. CINEREA (Pers.) Fr.?

Issuing from cracks in a decorticated log, May 31, 1894
(Nuttall, 1526).

AGARICACEAE.
AMANITA Pers.

. VERNA Fr.

On ground in open woods, July 11, 1893. Spores round,
7.5 w (Nuttall, 964).

. MuscARIA Linn.

Rooted on buried limh of Betula lenta, Grant Co., near
Bayard (AlLillspaugh).

An ecarunculate form, apparently of this species, on leaf
mold in deep woods, same locality.

. MUSCARIA ALBA Peck,

On ground in laurel thicket, Short Creek, alt. 2,000 ft.
Has the odor of buttermilk. Spores 9 x 6 » (Nuttall, 1131).

. FLAVO-RUBENS Berk.

On ground in woods, Short Creek, July 6, 1893 (Nuttall,
1078).

A. potypyramis B. & C.

Among bushes, alt. 2,400 ft., July 6, 1893. Largest stipes
A
A
A.
A
A
A

A.

THE WEST VIRGINIA FLORA

15 cm. long, thick, heavy and deep in ground. Puileus 15
cm. broad. Spores 10 x 6 » (Nuttall, 1101).
CAESAREA Scop.

Preston: common near Brookside (Beardslee).

. PHALLOIDES Fr.

Preston: near Brookside (Beardslee).
Frosti Peck.
Preston: near Brookside (Beardslee).

. VERNA Bull.

Preston: very common near Brookside (Beardslee).

. STROBILIFORMIS Vitt.

Preston: near Brookside (Beardslee).

. SOLITARIA Bull.

Preston: near Brookside. Specimens and photographs
secured illustrate both this and the preceding species as they
are understood in the United States. They are listed here
in spite of the fact that their status is unsatisfactory. Most
of our A. solitaria is referred, by European Mycologists, to
A. echinocephala Vitt—Beardslee.

VITTADINI Fr.

Preston: near Brookside. I believe this simply a well
marked form of A. echinocephala Vitt. My specimens and
photographs have been carefully verified and show the
species, such as it is, to be certainly West Virginian —
Beardslee.

RUBESCENS Pers.
Preston: near Brookside (Beardslee).

. SPRETA Peck.

Preston: near Brookside. 4. cinerea Bres. is identical
with this although our plants much exceed the limits set by
Bresadola. It is extremely variable, a pure white form being
especially noteworthy.

. SPRETA PARVA Beardslee. var. nov.

Pileus I to 1.5 in. broad, thin, almost membraneous, deeply
sulcate-striate. Stipe slender, about 2 in. tall. Annulus me-
dian. Spores, color and volva as in A. spreta.

An interesting form, found growing in colonies, in gravel
high up on the mountain near Brookside, Preston County.
Both Peck and Bresadola are inclined to consider it a dis-
tinct species.

LEPIOTA (P. Browne) S. F. Gray.

L. PROCERA Scop.

L.

Preston: near Brookside (Beardslee).
NAUCINA Fr.
Preston: near Brookside (Beardslee).
M.

Ee “ee et gee ae

WEST VIRGINIA GEOLOGICAL SURVEY 12]

. AMERICANA Peck,

Preston: near Brookside (Beardslee).

. CRISTATA (Bolt.) Quel.

Preston: near Brookside (Beardslce).

. ACUTISQUAMOSA Weim.

Preston: near Brookside (Beardslce).
CLYPEOLARIA Bull. | :
Preston: near Brookside (Beardslce).

. METULAESPORA B. & Br.

Preston: near Brookside (Beardslee).

. AMIANTHINA Scop.

Preston: near Brookside (Beardslee).

POLYMYCES Batt.

. CINEREUS Batt (Agaricus melleus Vahl.)
Arnvllaria mellea Quel. Preston: near Brookside (Beards-
lee).
AMANITOPSIS Roze.
. NIVALIS (Grev.) Sacce.

In loam on rocks in laurel tangle, June 26, 1893 (Nuttall,
1004).

. STRANGULATA Fr,

Preston: near Brookside (Beardslee).

VAGINATA (Nees) S. F. Gray.

. Vacinata (Bull.) Merrill.

Preston: near Brookside (Beardslec).

AMANITELLA Earle.

. FARINOSA (Schw.) Earle. (.imanita farinosa Schw.)

Preston: near Brookside (Beardslee).

TRICHOLOMA Fr.

. FUMOSO-LUTEUM Peck?

On unknown substance, June 15, 1893, Short Creek
(Nuttall, 990).

. AURANTIA Schaeff.

Preston: near Brookside. This is certainly T. Peckii
Howe. Our plant does not agree rigidly with the description
but it corresponds exactly with the plant as it grows in
Sweden, where I have collected it—Beardslee.

GRAVE Peck.
Preston: near Brookside (Beardslee).

MONOMYCES Batt.

RUTILENS (Shaeff.) Batt. (Tricholoma rutilens Schaeff.)
Preston: near Brookside (Beardslec).
122 THE WESY VIRGINIA FLORA

Gos Ta) Pay

OP a en EP Sey: a

CLITOCYBE Fr.

. ILLUDENS Schwein.

On old stumps in clusters of about eight, dark and deep
rich orange color throughout, -+ 20 cm. x + 12 cm. broad
stipe + 25 mm. thick. Spores + 6 » diameter, uneven.
July 14, 1893 (Nuttall, 1093).

. LACCATA Scop.

Common in wet sand, bank of Short Creek, alt. 2,000 ft.,
July 28, 1893. Spores 10 » diameter, echinate (Nuttall,

1124).

. NEBULARIS Batsch.

Preston: near Brookside (Beardslec).

. oporA Bull.

Preston: near Brookside (Beardslee).

. CERUSSATA Fries.

Preston: near Brookside (Beardslec).
CANDICANS Pers.
Preston: near Brockside (Beardslec).

. DEALBATA Sow.

Preston: near Brookside (Beardslee).
INFUNDIBULIFORMIS Schaeff.

Preston: near Brookside (Beardslec).
CYATHIFORMIS Fries.

Preston: near Brookside (Beardslee).

COLLYBIA Fr.

. PLATYPHYLLA Fr.

On mold and moss on trunk of tree, Short Creek, June
15, 1893 (Nuttall, 981).

. CONIGENOIDES Ellis.

On last year’s cones Magnolia Frascri, Sept. 18, 1895
(Nuttall, 1848).
DRYOPHILA Bull.
In moss on log in deep woods, Grant Co., near Bayard
(Millspaugh).
MACULATA A. & S.
Preston: near Brookside (Beardsiee).

BUTYRACEA Bull.

Preston: near Brookside (Beardslee).
CONFLUENS Pers.

Preston: near Brookside (Beardslee).
CIRRHATA Schum.

Preston: near Brookside (Beardslee).

CRINIPELLUS Pat.

STIPITARIA ( Fries.) Pat. (Collybia stipitaria Fr.).
Preston: near Brookside (Beardslec).
CG,

G.

O.

WEST VIRGINIA GEOLOGICAL SURVEY 123

COLLYBIDIUM Earle.

VELUTIPES (Curt.) Earle. (Collybia velutipes Curt.)
About roots of rotting stumps, Jan. 31, 1895 (Nuttall,
830). Preston: near Brookside (Beardslee).

GYMNOPUS Rouss.

RADICAT.A (Relh.) Rouss. (Collybia radicata Relh.).

On leaf mold in rich woods, Monongalia Co., near Mor-
gantown (Muillspaugh). May 17, 1893 (Nuttall, 980). Pres-
ton: near Brookside (Beardslee).

MYCENA Fr.

—sp.
White. On mossy stump, July 4, 1893 (Nuttall, 1019).

. GALERICULATA Scop.

In rich woods under oak twig, and oak bark on log,
Monongalia Co., near Morgantown (Millspaugh). On damp
dead logs, May 7, 1893 (Nuttall, 930).

i. EPIPTERYGIA Scop.

On moss-covered log and in clefts of bark, Feb. 28, 1893
(Nuttall, 948).

. RUBRO-MARGINATA Fries.

Preston: on Hemlock cones near Brookside (Beardslee).

. PURA Pers.

Preston: near Brookside (Beardslec).

[. rtcores Bull.

Preston: near Brookside (Beardsiee).

. HAEMATOPA Pers.

Preston: near Brookside (Beardslee).

. GALOPA Pers.

Preston: near Brookside (Beardslee).

. VULGARIS Pers.

Preston: near Brookside (Beardslec).

. TENERRIMA Berk.

Preston: near Brookside (Beardslee).

. CORTICOLA Schum.

Preston: near Brookside (Beardslee).

OMPHALIA Fr.
CAMPANELLA Batsch.

On leaf mold at base of Castanea dentata, Preston Co.,
near Terra Alta (Millspaugh). On rotten log in thicket,
June 18, 1893 (Nuttall, 1009).

CHRYSOPHYLLA Fries.

Preston: near Brookside (Beardslee).
STELLATA Fries.

Preston: near Brookside (Beardslee).
124

O.

~

Shea

THE WEST VIRGINIA FLORA

FIBULA Fries.
Preston: near Brookside (Beardslee).

PLEUROTUS Fr.

. CORTICATUS Fr.?

On fallen .decr sp. Gills not anastomosing, July 28, 1893
(Nuttall, 1123).
sAPIpDuS Kalchbr.
On dead log, Feb. 2, 1893 (Nuttall, 850).
SEROTINUS Schrad.
On dead trunks, Nov. 20, 1893 (Nuttall, 1267).
CYPHELLIFORMIS Berk.
On dead stems of Polymnia Uvedalia, Nov. 15, 1894
(Nuttall, 1742).
NIGER Fr.
On bark of dead tree, May 13, 1893 (Nuttall, 953).
PETALOIDES Fries.
Preston: near Brookside (Beardslee).

HYGROPHORUS Fr.

. NITIDUS B. & C.

On decayed log, May 14, 1893 (Nuttall, 968).

. PRATENSIS Fries.

Preston: near Brookside (Beardslee).

. VIRGINEUS Fries.

Preston: near Brookside (Beardslee).
LAETUS Fries.
Preston: near Brookside (Beardslee).

. CERACEUS Fries.

Preston: near Brookside (Beardslee).

. COCCINEUS Fries.

Preston: near Brookside (Beardslee).

. MINIATUS Fries.

Preston: near Brookside (Beardslee).

. CONICUS Fries.

Preston: near Brookside (Beardslec).

. PSITTACINUS Fries.

Preston: near Brookside (Beardslee).

LACTARIA Pers.

. CILICIOIDES Fries.

On border of woods and swamp, July 4, 1893 (Nuttall,
1020).

L. pIPERATA (L.) Pers.

Preston: near Brookside (Beardslec).

L. PERGAMENA (Sw.) Fries.

Preston: near Brookside (Beardslee).
L.

ee oP Se eS

pa) as) a ee. a

WEST VIRGINIA GEOLOGICAL SURVEY 125

GLAUCESCENS(Crossl.) Beardslee.comb.nov. (Lactarius Crossl.)
Preston: rather rare near Brookside but doubtless occurs

in the southern mountains quite generally. This species was
observed, studied, and noted under a temporary name. The
peculiar glaucous-green color assumed by the latex was
different from anything before observed. My plants should
certainly be referred to this species, which has since been

published.
which it resembles.
VELLERA Fries
Preston: near Brookside

INSULSA Fries.
Preston: near Brookside

. TRIVALIS Fries.

Preston: near Brookside

. DELIcIosA (L.) Fries.

Preston: near Brookside

Inpico (Schw.) Fries.
Preston: near Brookside

PLINTHOGALA (Otto) Burl.
Preston: near Brookside

LACTIFLUA (L.) Burl.

It has possibly been confused with L. vellereus

(Beardslec).
(Beardslec).
(Beardslee).
(Beardslee).

(Beardslee).

(Lactarius fuliginosus Fr.)

(Beardslee).

(Lactarins volemus Fr.\

Preston: near Brookside (Beardslec).

HYDROPIPEROIDES Berk. & Curt.

Preston: near Brookside (Beardsicc).

suppuLcis (Pers.) Fries.

Preston: near Brookside (Beardslec).

RUSSULA Pers.

. EMETICA Fr.?

In woods, July 4, 1893 (Nuttall, 1021).

. NIGRICANS Fries.

Preston: near Brookside (Beardslec).

ADUSTA Fries.

Preston: near Brookside (Beardslcc).

DELICA Fries.

Preston: near Brookside (Beardslec).

. FURCATA Fries.

Preston: near Brookside (Beardslce).

. FRAGILIS Fries.

Preston: near Brookside (Beardslce).

. VIRESCENS Fries.

Preston: near Brookside (Beardslec).
126 THE WEST VIRGINIA. FLORA

iy ae

M.

Ss

=

CANTHARELLUS Adans.

MINOR Peck?
On ground in woods, alt. 2,000 ft., July 4, 1893 (Nuttall,
1023).

. Wricutit Berk?

Wet sand of river bank in shade, July 18, 1893. Whole
plant light red except gills, which are little deeper red than
salmon-color, gills decurrent, veined between, pileus more
convex than plane, and depressed edge wavy, rather tough
Largest 4 cm. broad, stem 5 cm. high, 5 mm. thick. Spores
7.5 to 8.5 x 3.5 to 5 mw, apparently rough and guttulate in-
ward (Nuttall, 1104).

TUBAEFORMIS Fr. ?

On rotten wood in woods, alt. 2,000 ft., July 4, 1893

(Nuttall, 1022).

. FLoccosus Schw.

On open bank of stream in laurel thicket, alt. 2,000 ft.,
June 20, 1893. Largest squamules .75 cm. long, thick and
triangular, forming a cone which closes the funnel below
the top an inch or more. Spores 15 x 7.5 » (Nuttall, 992).

CIBARIUS Fries.

Preston: near Brookside (Beardslee).
AURANTIACUS Fries, ,

Preston: near Brookside (Beardsice).
INFUNDIBULIFORMIS Fries.

Preston: near Brookside (Beardsiee).

. CINNABARINUS Fries.

Preston: near Brookside (Beardslce).

NYCTALIS Fr.

. ASTEROPHORA Fr.

On dead Agaric in deep damp woods, July 14, 1893. Stars
20 » diameter (Nuttall, 1096).

MARASMIUS Fr.

. SEMIHIRTIPES Peck.

On dead leaves, sticks, etc., Short Creek, May 14, 1893
(Nuttall, 967).
ERYTHROPUS Fries.
Preston: near Brookside (Beardslce).
SCORODONIUS Fries.
Preston: near Brookside (Beardslec).
FOETIDUS Fries.
Preston: near Brookside (Beardslcc).
ANDROSACEUS Fries.
Preston: near Brookside (Beardslec).
M.

M.
M.

M.

. stRIGosusS Fr.

WEST VIRGINIA GEOLOGICAL SURVEY 127

SPLANCHNOIDES Fries.
Preston: near Brookside (Beardslee).

. PERFORANS Fries.

Preston: near Brookside (Beardslee).
INSTITITUS Fries.
Preston: near Brookside (Beardslee).
EPIPHYLLUs Fries.
Preston: near Brookside (Beardslee).
opacus B.& C.
Common on dead branches Rhododendron inaxinum,
_ Grant Co., near Bayard (Millspaugh).

. CAMPANULATUS Peck.

On dead leaves and sticks in damp woods, Short Creek,
alt. 1,300 ft., Aug. 16, 1893 (Nuttall, 1153).
ROTULA (Scop.) Fr.

On dead limb of Betula lenta, Grant Co., near Bayard
(AMillspaugh). On stick in open woods, June 8, 1893
(Nuttall, 972).

COLLYBIOPSIS (Schroet.) Earle.

. RAMEALIS (Fr.) Earle. (Marasmius ramealis Fr.)

Very common on twigs and leaves in laurel thickets, June

- 15, 1893 (Nuttall, 994).

SCORTEUS Earle.

OREADES (Fries) Earle. (\arasmius oreades Fr.)
Preston: near Brookside (Beardslee).

TAPINIA (Fries) Karst.

. PANUOIDES (Fries). (Paxillus panuoides Fr.)

Preston: near Brookside (Beardslee).

LENTODIUM Morg.

. souamosum (Huds.) Murrill. (Lentinus lepideus Fr.)

Preston: near Brookside (Beardslee).

LENTINUS Fr.
On dead log Betula lutea, Grant Co., near Bayard (Afills-
paugh). On dead logs, common, May 6, 1893 (Nuttall, 904).
crinitus (L.) Fries.
On Acer saccharuin, Monongalia, near Lick Run (Shel-
don).
PANUS Fr.
stipticus (Bull.) Fr.
On failen dead limb, Jan. 29, 1893 (Nuttall, 950).
128 THE WEST VIRGINIA FLORA

Pe

DORSALIS Bosc.
On Tsuga Canadensis, Sept., 1893 (Nuttall, 1253, 196).

. CONCHATUS Fries.

Preston: near Brookside (Beardslee).

TROGIA Fr.

. crisPA (Pers.) Fr.

On various dead dry logs and limbs, March 21, 1893
(Nuttall, 875).

LENZITES.
RETULINA (Linn.) Fr.

On logs, Sept. 6, 1893 (Nuttall, 837). Monongalia: Lick
Run (Sheldon).

. ABIETINA (Bull.) Fr.

On dead branches Tsuga Canadensis, alt. 1,600 ft., Dec.
15, 1893 (Nuttall, 1301).

. CORRUGATA Klot.

On Castanca dentata, alt. 1,800 ft., Dec. 19, 1893 (Nuttall,
1302).

GLOEOPHYLLUM Karst.

. HiIrsuTUM (Schaeff.) Murrill. (Lenzites sepiaria Fr.).

On Pinus Virginiana, Monongalia, near Dellslow and on
Fravinus, near Ringgold; on spruce log, Pocahontas, Spruce
Mountain, alt. 4,000 ft. (Sheldon). On decorticated stumps
Picea Mariana, Tucker Co., near Falls of Blackwater (Muills-
paugh).

A resupinate form on dead logs Tsuga Canadensis Grant

Co.

. TRABEUM (Pers.) Murrill.

On Acer saccharum, Monongalia: near Lick Run and Mor-
gantown (Sheldon).

SCHIZOPHYLLUM Fr.

. COMMUNE Fr.

On bark log Quercus alba, Grant Co., near Bayard. On
dead twig Pyrus Malus, Monongalia Co., near Morgantown
(Millspaugh). On dead logs, Jan. 30, 1893 (Nuttall, 827).

ALNEUM (L.) Schroet.
On Acer, Pocahontas: Cranberry Glades (Sheldon).

VOLVARIA Fr.

. BOMBYCINA (Pers.) Fr.

On dead insect sp.? Monongalia Co., near Morgantown
(Millspaugh).
WEST VIRGINIA GEOLOGICAL SURVEY 129

. HYPOPITA Fries.

Preston: near Brookside. This is the only Volvaria I
have detected in West Virginia. It is the plant commonly
referred to V. pubescentipes Pk. My specimens have been
verified by Bresadola and I am confident they are correct—
Beardslee.

PLUTEUS Fries.

P. cervinus (Schaeff.) Quel.

Preston: near Brookside (Beardslce).

P. ADMIRABILIS Peck.

Preston: near Brookside (Beardslee).

P. LONGISTRIATUS Peck.

ow w&

Preston: near Brookside (Beardslee).

ENTOLOMA (Fries) Quel.

. SERICELLA Fries.

Preston: near Brookside (Beardslee).

. RHODOPOLIA Fries.

Preston: near Brookside (Beardslee).

. STRICTIOR Peck.

Preston: near Brookside (Beardslee).

. SERICEA Bull.

Preston: near Brookside (Beardslee).

CLITOPILUS Fr.

. ABORTIVUS Fr.

Wet woods, alt. 1,800 ft., aborted specimens in quantity,
Sept. 4, 1893 (Nuttall, 1190).

C. PRUNULUS Scop.

Preston: common near Brookside (Beardslee).

C. orRCELLA Bull.

Preston: common near Brookside (Beardslee).

NOLANEA (Fries) Quel.

. PASCUA Pers.

Preston: near Brookside (Beardslee).

. MAMMOSA Linn.

Preston: near Brookside (Beardslee).

LEPTONIA (Fries) Quel.

L. SERRULATA Pers.

Preston: near Brookside (Beardslee).

L. ASPERELLA Fries.

Preston: near Brookside (Beardslee).
130 TIE WEST VIRGINIA FLORA

O

mw om wy

CLAUDOPUS (WW. G. Smith) Gillet.
VARIABILIS Pers. ,
Preston: near Brookside (Beardslee).
BYSSISEDUS Pers.
Preston: near Brookside (Beardslee).

PHOLIOTA (Fries) Quel.

. EREBIA Fries.

Preston: near Brookside (Beardslee).

. CANDICANS (Bull.) Schroet. (P praecox Pers.).

Preston: near Brookside (Beardslee).
ADIPOSA Fries.

Preston: near Brookside (Beardslee).
MUTABILIS Schaeff.

Preston: near Brookside (Beardslee).

ROZITES Karst.

. CAPERATA (Pers.) Karst. (Pholiota caperata Pers.).

Preston: common near Brookside (Beardslee).

FLAMMULA (Fries) Quel.

. FLAVIDA Schaeff.

Preston: near Brookside (Beardslee).

NAUCORIA (Fries) Quel.

. FESTIVA Fries.

Preston: near Brookside. A photograph of this curious
plant was secured and seems to be correctly placed. The
glutinous pileus and long rooting stipe are very marked—
Beardslee.

. SEMIORBICULARIS (Bull.) Quel. (N. pediades Fr.).

Preston: common in lawns near Brookside (Beardslee).

CONOCYBE Fayod.

. TENER (Schaeff.) Fayod. (Galera tener Schaeff.).

Preston: near Brookside (Beardsice).

C. mypnorum (Batsch.) Murrill. (Galera hypnorum Batsch.).

Preston: near Brookside (Beardsice).

TUBARIA (W. G. Smith) Gillet.

. FURFURACEA Pers.

Preston: near Brookside (Beardslec).

CREPIDOTUS (Nees.) S. F Gray.

CALOLEPTS Fries.
Preston: near Brookside. This is the plant commonly
WEST VIRGINIA GEOLOGICAL SURVEY I3!

referred to C. fulvotomentosus Peck. Fries’ description does
not well apply to our plant, but the Swedish plant referred
to this species is identical with ours. I found, in Sweden,
specimens nearly three times the dimensions given by Fries
and differing in no way from specimens collected in West
Virginia and in North Carolina—Beardslee,
C. APPLANATUS Pers.
Preston: near Brookside (Beardslec).
C. MALAcHIus B, & C.
Preston: near Brookside (Beardslce).
C. purricenus B. & C.
Preston: near Brookside (Beardslec).
C. versutus Peck
Preston: near Brookside (Beardslcc).
C. HERBARUM Peck.
Preston: near Brookside (Beardslec).

CORTINARIUS (Pers.) Roussel.

C. CAERULESCENS Fries.

Preston: near Brookside (Beardslec).
C. PURPURASCENS Fries.

Preston: near Brookside (Beardslee).
C. ropes B. & C.

Preston: near Brookside (Beardslec).
C. vIoLAcEus Fries.

Preston: near Brookside (Beardslec).
C. PHOLIDEUS Fries.

Preston: near Brookside (Beardslee).
C. cINNAMOMEUS Fries.

Preston: near Brookside (Beardslee).
C. torvus Fries.

Preston: near Brookside (Beardslee).
C. ARMILLATUS Fries.

. Preston: near Brookside (Beardslec).

PANILLUS Fries.

P. rnvo.urus (Batsch) Fries.

Preston: near Brookside (Beardslec).
P. ATRAMENTOSUS Fries.

Preston: near Brookside (Beardslee).

VENENARIUS Earle.
Vuuscarius (Fries) Earle. (Agaricus muscarius Fr.)

AGARICUS Linn.
A. RopMant Peck.
On ground, June 28, 1893 (.\uftall, 1005).
132 THE WEST VIRGINIA FLORA

A.
A.

CAMPESTER Linn,
On lawn, June 24, 1893 (Nuttall, 1002).
SILVICOLA Vitt.
In woods, Short Creek, alt. 1,150 ft. (Nuttall, 1699).
Spores 5 to7x 3 to4uy.

A. SILVATICUS Scheff.

In woods, Short Creek, July 2, 1893 (Nuttall, 1117).

A. ARVENSIS Linn.

ae

Preston: near Brookside (Beardslee).

. PLACOMYCES Peck.

Preston: near Brookside (Beardslee).

STROPHARIA Fr.

STERCORARIA Fr.
On decaying vegetable matter, Preston Co., near Terra
Alta (Millspaugh).

. SEMIGLOBATA (Batsch.) Quel.

Preston: near Brookside (Beardslee).

HYPHOLOMA Fr.

. SUBLATERITIUM Scheff.

Under bark log Fraxinus Americana, Monongalia Co.,
near Morgantown (Millspaugh).

. ELAEODES Fr.?

On sticks on ground, May 18, 1893 (Nuwttall, 858).

. FASCICULARIS Huds.

Preston: near Brookside (Beardslee).

. LACHRYMABUNDA Fries.

Preston: near Brookside. The plants referred here, with
some misgivings, were found growing in large masses com-
prised of a great number of individuals, resembling in num-
ber and scaly appearance Cooke’s figure of H. storea Fr. 1
have never seen it since—Beardslee.

. CANDOLLEANA Fries.

Preston: near Brookside (Beardslee).

. APPENDICULATUM (Bull.) Quel.

Preston: near Brookside (Beardslee).

COPRINUS Pers.

C. variEGATUS Peck?

c.

On stick in shady place, Aug. 11, 1893 (Vuttall, 1143).
micaceus (Bull) Fr.
On bases of stumps in woods, July 8, 1893 (Nuttall, 1081).

C. pomesticus ‘( Pers.) Fr.

In woods on mixture of manure and leaf mold. June
29, 1893 (Nuttall, 1007).
WEST VIRGINIA GEOLOGICAL SURVEY 133

. SEMILANATUS Peck?
In heavily manured asparagus bed in garden, Apr. 20,
1893 (Nuttall, 903).
. EPHEMERUS Fr.
On horse dung, July 2, 1893 (Nuttall, 1113).

C. ANGULATUS Peck.

On baked soil where log had been burned, with Peziza
carbonaria, May 8, 1893 (Nuttall, 932).

PANAEOLUS Fr.
. CAMPANULATUS Linn.

On cow dung in deep coniferous woods, Grant Co., near
Bayard (Afilspaugh). Plentiful on manured lawn, May 8,
1893, (Nuttall, 933).

. SOLIDIPES Peck.
Preston: near Brookside (Beardslee).

PSATHYRELLA Karst.
. DISSEMINATA Pers. ?

In rotten mold about the base of a stump, a mass about
I meter containing perhaps thousands of specimens.. Speci-
mens 3 to 5 cm. high, thin, fleshless. Pileus 1 cm. broad,
8 mm. high, slightly umbonate, sulcate striate, mealy, gray.
stems white, smooth 1 mm. thick, at first slightly furfura-
ceous. Largest stems 6 cm., broadest pileus 18 mm. Spores
6 to 10 x 3 to 5 w (Nuttall, 1189). Sept. 3, 1893.

POLYPORACEAE.

GYROPORUS Quel.

. CYANESCENS (Bull.) Quel. (Boletus cyanescens Bull.).
Bare soil and on clay banks along roads. Preston, near
Brookside (Beardslee).

TYLOPILUS Karst.

T. GraciLis (Peck) P. Henn. (Boletus gracilis Peck).

Preston, near Brookside (Beardslee).

T. acBoasTER (Schw.) Murrill. (Boletus nigrellus Peck).

Preston, near Brookside (Beardslee).

CERIOMYCES Batt.

C. cHromapes (Frost) Murrill. (Boletus chromapes Frost).

Preston: abundant near Brookside (Beardslec).

C. auRIFLAMMEus (B. & C.) Murrill. (Boletus auriflammeus

B. & C.)
In dry gravel high on the mountain sides, Preston: near
Brookside (Beardslee).
134 THE WEST VIRGINIA FLORA

C,

C.

PARASITICUS (Bull.) Murrill. (Boletus parasiticus Bull.).
On Scleroderma vulgare in wet woods, Fayette: near

Nuttallburg (Nuttall, 1191).

EXIMIUS (Peck) Murrill. (Boletus exintius Peck).
Hillsides, Preston: near Brookside (Beardslee).

C. crassus Batt. (Boletus edulis Bull).

Old field under Rhus copaillina, pileus 15 x 10 cm., stipe
4x 5cm. Spores 10 to 14 x 3 to 4 uw, Fayette, near Nuttall-
burg (Nuttall, 990). Preston: rarely seen at Brookside.

. CRASSUS SEPARANS Peck. (Boletus separans Peck).
Hillsides, Preston: near Brookside (Beardslee).
. AFFINIS (Peck) Murrill. (Boletus affinis Peck).
Preston: abundant everywhere about Brookside (Beards-
lee).
. SPECIOSUS (Frost) Murrill. (Boletus speciosus Frost).
On ground in woods, alt. 2,000 ft., Fayette: near Nuttall-
burg (Nuttall, 1099).
. BICOLOR (Peck) Murrill. (Boletus bicolor Peck).
Common along sandy roads, Preston: near Brookside
(Beardslee).
. comMMUNIs (Bull.) Murrill. (Boletus chrysentron Fr.)
In deep woods, Fayette: near Nuttallburg (Nuttall, 987)
PULVEROBOLETUS Murrill.
. Ravenetit (B. & C.) Murrill. (Boletus Ravenelit Berk. &

Curt).
Preston: near Brookside (Beardslee).

STROBILOMLYCES Berk.

STROBILACEUS (Scop.) Berk.
Shady fence row, alt. 2,300 ft. Spores about 10.» round.
Fayette: near Nuttallburg (Nuttall, 1100).

FISTULINA Bull.

. HEPATICA Fr.

On dead stumps, alt. 2,000 ft. Fayette: near Nuttallburg
(Nuttall, 1102).

POLYPORUS (Mich.) Paulet.

. Poryporus (Retz.) Murrill. (P. brumalis Fr.).

On dead logs, Fayette: near Nuttallburg (Nuttall, 1835).

P. rissus Berk.

On -lcer. Pocahontas: Cranberry Glades (Sheldon).

. ARCULARIUS (Batsch) Fries.

On rotten logs, largest specimens 4 cm. broad with stipe
2.3 cm. Fayette: near Nuttallburg (Nwttal/, 929).
WEST VIRGINI.L GEOLOGICAL SURVEY 135

P. ELEGANS (Bull.) Fries. (P. varius of Am. Auth.).
On dead logs, specimens thin, tough, 20 cm. broad, Fay-
ette: near Nuttallburg (Nuttall, 840).

BJERKANDERA Karst.
B. apusta (Willd.) Karst. (Polyporus adustus Fr.).
On dead branch Rhus hirta, and in decayed stump Hicoria
ovata, Monongalia: near Morgantown (jZillspaugh) ; on
dead log, Star City; on dead oak, near Randall (Sheldon). +
On Willow, Ohio: near Moundsville (Sheldon).

PORODISCULUS Karst.
P. pENDULUsS (Schw.) Murrill. (Polyporus pocula B. & C.).
On dead Rhus copallina, Fayette: near Glade Creek (\utt-
all, 478, 1495).

ISCHNODERMA Karst.

I. FULIGINOsUM (Scop.) Murrill. (Polyporus resinosus Fr.).
On dead log, Fayette: near Nuttallburg (A uttall, 879).

FUSCOSPORIA Mlurrill.
F. yiticoca (Schw.) Murrill.
On Quercus and Robinia, Monongalia: near Morgantown
« (Sheldon).

IRPICIPORUS Murrill.
I. sotztrs (Berk. & Curt.) Murrill.
On Acer saccharum, Monongalia: near Lick Run (Shel-
don).
I. vacteus (Fries) Alurrill.
AMonongalia: on Quercus at Lick Run; on Juglans cinerea
at Morgantown (Sheldon).

TYROMYCES Karst.
T. CHIONEUS (Fries) Karst.
On Acer, Monongalia: at Sabraton; on dead wood, Up;
shur: at French Creek (Sheldon).
T. unposus (Peck) Murrill.
On decaying trunks of Hemlock and Pine, J/aurrill, North
Am. Flora, 9:34.

IONOTUS Karst.

J. PERPLEXUS (Peck) Murrill.
On Fagus, Monongalia: near Morgantown (Sheldon).
136 THE WEST VIRGINIA FLORA

PHAEOLUS Pat.

P sisrorremMoiDes (Alb. & Schw.) Murrill.
On Hemlock log, Pocahontas: Cranberry Glades (Shel-
don).

PYCNOPORUS Karst.

P. CINNABARINUS (Jacq.) Karst.

Preston: on Prunus serotina, near Reedsville, on Betula
near Cranesville; on dead wood, Pocahontas: Cranberry
Mountain; Monongalia: near Morgantown, on Prunus se-
rotina and on Quercus (Sheldon).

GRIFOLA (Micheli) S. F. Gray.

G. rAmMosissimA (Scop.) Murrill. (Polyporus umbellatus Fr.).
In dry exposed hollow of oak stump, Monongalia: near
Morgantown (Millspaugh).
G. Berketeyi (Fr.) Murrill. (Polyporus B. & lactifuus Pk.).
On ground in open woods, height 30 cm. breadth 60 cm.
Fayette: near Nuttallburg (Nuttall, 1171). In dry ex-
posed hollow of oak stump, Monongalia: near Morgan-
town (Millspaugh). On dead wood, Pocahontas: Cranberry
Mountain (Sheldon).

AURANTIPORUS Murrill.

A. Pitotar (Schw.) Murrill. (Polyporus Pilotae Schw.).

On dead and rotten log, Fayette: Sewell Valley (Nuttall,

1661). Under side of dead log, Nuttallburg (Nuttall, 166,
1214), Polyporus hypococcineus Berk.

LAETIPORUS Murrill.

L. spectosus (Batt.) Murrill. (Polyporus sulphureus Fr.).
On decaying oak stump, Monongalia: near Morgantown
(Millspaugh).

HAPALOPILUS Karst.

H. rutitans ( Pers.) Murrill. (Polyporus nidulans Fr.).
On dead trunk Prunus serotina, Fayette: along Short
Creek (Nuttall, 548, 1599).
H. citvus (Schw.) Murrill.
On Fagus, Monongalia: near Morgantown: on Acer rub-
rum; Upshur: French Creek (Sheldon).
H. ticnomwes (Mont.) Murrill.
On Acer saccharum, Preston: near Albright (Sheldon).
WEST VIRGINLY GEOLOGICAL SURVEY 137

GANODERMA Karst.

. Tsucae Murrill.

On Tsuga, Monongalia: at Tibbs Run and Sturgisson
(Sheldon).

PYROPOLYPORUS Murrill,

. IGNtARIUS (L.) Murrill.

On Betula, Pocahontas: Cranberry Glades; on Acer, Pres-
ton: near Cranesville (Sheldon). Randolph: near Pickens
(H. H. Smith, 1946).

. RopintaE Murrill.

On living Robmia, Monongalia: near Sturgisson and
Mason: near Elwell (Sheldow).

. CONCHATUS (Pers.) Murrill.

On dead log, Monongalia: near Morgantown (Sheldon).

ELFVINGIA Karst.

. FOMENTARIA (L.) Murrill. (Fomes fomentarius of Flora).

On dead Betula intca, Grant: near Bayard (Millspaugh) :
on dead log, Greenbrier: near Rupert (Nuttall, 1635).

. MEGALOMA (Lev.) Murrill.

On dead wood, Monongalia: Lick Run; on Acer saccha-
rum, Preston, near Cranesville (Sheldon).

FOMES Fr.

. Lucipus (Leys.) Fr.

On dead logs Tsuga Canadensis, Preston Co., near Terra
Alta (Millspaugh). On old stumps in deep woods, April
10, 1893, full grown in June (Nuttall, 892).

. VOLVATUS Peck.

On west side Pinus Virginiana, March 8, 1893 (Nuttall,
870).

. UNGULATUS (Schaeff.) Sacc (F. pinicola of Flora).

On Tsuga, Preston: near Cranesville (Sheldon) ; on fallen
trunks Tswga Canadensis, Short Creek, May 1, 1893 (Nutt-

all, 924).

. APPLANATUS (Pers.) Wallr.

On dead Acer saccharum and Quercus palustris, alba and
rubra, Wood Co., near Kanawha Station, and McDowell Co.,
near Elkhorn. On dead Fraxrinus Americana, Grant Co.,
near Bayard, and Monongalia Co., near Morgantown (Mills-
paugh). On dead logs, Jan., 1893 (Nuttall, 828).

. RIMOSUS Berk.

On dead Robinia Pseudacacia, Monongalia Co., near Mor-
gantown (Millspaugh). On same sp. and on Oak? alt.
2,000 ft., March 21, 1893 (Nuttall, QI4).
138 THE WEST VIRGINIA FLORA

F. roszus (Alb. & Schw.) Cooke. (F. carneus of Flora.)
On Tsuga, Preston: near Cranesville; on Picea rubens.
Pocahontas: Cranberry Glades; on living Peach tree, Monon-
galia: near Washington (Sheldon). On dead, decorticated
Picea Manana, Tucker Co., near Falls of Blackwater (Vills-
paugh). On Pinus Virginiana, March, 1893 (Nuttall, 365).

POLYSTICTUS Fr.

P. PERGAMENUS Fr.

On dry exposed oak Hiss tie, Monongalia Co., near
Morgantown (J/illspaugh). On various dead trees, Feb.
17, 1893 (Nuttall, 847).

CINNABARINUS (Jacq.) Fr.

On dead limbs of cultivated Prunus, Monongalia Co.,
near AMlorgantown (Afil/spaugh). On various dead decidu-
ous trees, Jan. 31, 1893 (Nuttall, 829). Randolph: on Be-
tula lenta near Pickens (H. H. Smith, 1848).

P. ABIETINUS Fr.
On fallen Tsuga Canadensis, Grant Co., near Bayard

(Millspaugh). On Pinus Virginiana, March 4, 1894

(Nuttall, 1420, 390).

mv

CORIOLUS Quel.

C. PUBESCENS (Schum.) Murrill. (Polyporus pubescens Fr.).
On dead Betula sp. Fayette: near Nuttallburg (Nuttall,
1673). On Fagus, Upshur: near French Creek, and \lonon-
galia: near Morgantown (Sheldon).
C. agietinus (Dicks.) Quel.

On Picea rubens, Pocahontas: Cranberry Glades; on
Tsuga, Monongalia: near Cooper’s Rock and Lick Run
(Sheldon).

C. vERSIcoLor (L.) Quel. (Polystictus versicolor Fr.).

On Jauglans nigra and on Betula, Monongalia: near \or-
gantown; on Betula, Pocahontas: at Cranberry Glades and
Preston: near Albright (Shc/don) ; on decorticated stump
Picea Mariana, Tucker Co., near Falls of Blackwater.
Under bark of log Quercus alba, Monongalia Co., near
Morgantown (Millspaugh). On various dead trees, Feb.,
1893 (.\uttall, 834). Randolph: near Pickens on Betula
(H. H. Sivith, 1850).

C. protiricAns (Fries) Murrill, (Polyporus prolificans Fr.).

On Betula, Pocahontas: at Cranberry Glades, on Quercus,
near Seebert; on Fagus, Preston: near Albright: on Pramas
Americana, Monongalia: near Morgantown (Sheldon).

C. NIGROMARGINATUS (Schw.) Murrill. (Polystictus hirsutus Fr.).

On Liriodendron, Monongalia: near Oliver; on dead wood
WEST VIRGINIA GEOLOGICAL SURVEY 139

Pocahontas: Cranberry Glades; on Betula, Monongalia: near
Lick Run (Sheldon) ; on dead twig cultivated Pyrus jfalus,
Monongalia Co., near Morgantown. On dead Betula lutea,
and on log Liriodendron Tulipifera. A form with white
spores, on roots fallen Betula lenta, Grant Co., near Bayard
(Millspaugh). On Fagus atropunicea, Keeney’s Creek,
Oct. 20, 1893 (Nwitall, 1211).

CORIOLELLUS Murrill.

. SEPIUM (Berk.) Murrill. (Trametes Sepium Berk.).

On dry railroad ties, Monongalia: near Morgantown
(Millspaugh), on Juglans nigra (Sheldon). Resupinate form
on dead oak beams over a boiler, Fayette: near Nuttallburg .
(Nuttall, 1300).

MUCRONOPORUS E. & E.

. Everuartit E. & Gall.

On Ulmus pubescens, Nov. 6, 1893 (Nuttall, 1598).
. Gitvus (Sz.) E. & E.

On Castanea dentata, July 20, 1894 (Nuttall, 1169, 558).
. FERRUGINOSUS (Schrad.) E. & E.

On Juglans cinerea, Aug. 29, 1893 (Nuttall, 1183).

PORIA Pers.

. VULGARIS Fr.

On various dead limbs, Feb. 2 and Nov. 20, 1893 (Nutt-
all, 833). A nodular form on oak ties, Nov. 5, 1894 (Nutt-
all).

. OBDUCENS Pers.

On underside of ead log, Feb. 8,. 1893 (Nuttall, 1297,
246).

. NIcRA Berk.

On side and beneath dead Hicoria? log. Effused, long
and narrow, perennial (Nuttall, 1268).

. TOMENTO-cINcTA B. & R.

Effused on bark underside of log Betula lenta, 60 x 30 cm
One layer taken off on Sept. 16, the same surface of the
bark was found to be again covered with the species on
Oct. 5, 1895. (Nuttall, 1865, 752). On Magnolia Fraseri,
Noy., 1895.

. VAPORARIA Fr.

On Prunus serotina, Dec. 8, 1893 (Nuttall, 1295, 244).
. TULIPIFERAE Schw.

On Liriodendron Tulipifera, April 13, 1893 (Nuttall,

893).
140 THE WEST VIRGINIA FLORA

Ps
P

PB

NANTHA Fr,
On Pinus Virginiana, March 21, 1893 (Nuttall, 913).
MICANS (Ehrenb.) Fr.
On burned log, Short Creek, alt. 1,300 ft., Nov. 24, 1893
(Nuttall, 1277, 223).
CORTICOLA Fr,
Underside of young dead Liriodendron Tulipifera, dii-
fused through clefts of bark, incrusting other polypori, etc.
Alt. 925 ft., Nov. 20, 1893 (Nuttall, 1280).

. SINUOSA Fr.?

Appears to be between this and Irpex obliquus, preferably
this (E. & E.). On Kalmia latifolia, Short Creek,alt.
1,800 ft., Aug. 12, 1893 (Nuttall, 1166, 138).

. FARINELLA Fr.

On dead log, Short Creek, alt. 1,800 ft., Sept. 12, 1893
(Nuttall, 1204, 160).

TRAMETES Fr.

. OuroEensis Berk.’

On dead standing sapling, Short Creek, alt. 1,800 ft.,
April 0, 1894 (Nuttall, 1467).

. ROBINIOPHILA Murrill.

On wounds of Robinia pseudacacia, Monongalia: near
Morgantown (Sheldon).

. MOLLIs Fr. ?

On drift wood, March, 1893 (undeveloped) (Nuttall,
1597, 550).

. ODORATA Wulf.

On dead limbs in a drain, July 20, 1894 (Nuttall, 1628,
557). Osonium auricomum, Link., a curious tawny my-
celium, supposed to be intimately connected with this species,
was found here with this specimen.

DAEDALEA Pers.

. CONFRAGOSA (Bolt.) Pers.

On dead Cornus florida, Fayette: near Nuttallburg (Nutt-
all, 1774). On Betula, Monongalia: Lick Run, and on
Quercus near Star City; on Betula, Pocahontas: Cranberry
Glades (Sheldon).

. AESCULI (Schw.) Murrill. (D. ambigua Berk.).

On dead Acer, Fayette: near Nuttallburg (Nuttall, 846):
CERRENA (Micheli) S. F. Gray.

. uNnrcotor (Bull.) Murrill. (Daedalea unicolor Fr.).

On dead Hicoria ovata, Fayette: near Nuttallburg (Nutt-
all, 247). Randolph: near Pickens, on Fagus (H. H. Smith.
1829).
M.

G.

M.

M.

M.

M.

WEST VIRGINIA GEOLOGICAL SURVEY 14!

MYRIADOPORUS Peck.

INDURATUS Peck.

Top of decayed oak stump, Monongalia Co., near Mor-
gantown (Mullspaugh). Professor Peck remarks, in a letter,
on receipt of the specimens: “This is probably only an im-
perfect condition of Porta abducens.”

HEXAGONA Pollini.

ALVEOLARIS (DC.) Murrill. (Favolus Europaeus Fr.).

On dead wood, Monongalia: on Dorseys Knob near Mor-
gantown (Sheldon). On dead branch, Feb. 12, 1894 (Nuti-
all, 1360). Spores 12.5 x 3 » somewhat curved, obliquely
apiculate. Feb. 17, 1895 (Nuttall, 1788).

GLOEOPORUS Mont.

CONCHOIDES Mont.

On oak chips, Monongalia Co., near Morgantown (Mills-
paugh). On decaying log, Monongalia:‘ at Sabraton and
on Prunus serotina at Mona: on apple, Preston: at Albright,
and on dead wood, Wayne: near Ceredo (Sheldon).

MERULIUS Hall.

TREMELLOSUS Schrad.

Under bark Quercus alba log, Monongalia Co., near Mor-
gantown (Millspaugh). On Alnus rugosa, Oct. 31, 1893
(Nuttall, 1220).

RUBELLUuS Peck.

On dead Quercus alba, Short Creek, Nov. 9, 1893 (Nutt-
all, 1244).

Also found parasitic on Stereum versicolor. In some
cases the hymenium simply covers the under surface of the
Stereum. In nearly all specimens observed it grows at the
base of the host to which it is at least partly adherent.
Largest pileus 5 x 5 cm., sometimes laterally connected for
I5 cm.

Cortum Fr.

On branches, April 27, 1895 (Nuttall, 1822, 699).
MOLLUSCUS Fr.

On dead limb Tsuga Canadensis, Short Creek, alt. 1,800
ft., Feb. 8, 1894 (Nuttall, 1399).

AmBicuuS Berk.

On dead Prunus serotina, Short Creek, alt. 975 ft. Jan,

1894 (Nuttall, 1602).

. LACHRYMANS (Jacq.) Fr.

On bottom of box in cellar, Feb. 14, 1894 (Nuttall, 1379,
341).
142 THE WEST VIRGINIA FLORA

M. PULVERULENTUS Fr.
Underside of old logs, Oct. 19, 1893. Spores orange col-
ored, nucleate, 10 x 6 » (Nuttall, 1208).

POROTHELIUM Fr.
P, LACERUM Fr.
On dead trunk, Feb. 11, 1894 (Nuttall, 1381, 343).

SOLENIA  Hoftm.
S. ocHRAcEA Hoffm.
On dry dead log, Short Creek, alt. 1,800 ft., Dec. 16,
1893 (Nuttall, 1327, 285).
S. vILLosa Pers.
On fallen dead limb of Quercus sp., Sept., 1895 (Nutt-
all, 1854, 741).

BAYDNACE AE,

HYDNUMI Linn.
H. repANDUM Linn.
Fayette: near Nuttallburg (Nuttall).
H. cINNABARINUM (Schw.) Fr.
Fayette: effused under bark of dry dead limb near Nutt-
allburg (Nuttall, 997).

HERICIUNI Pers.

H. coraLLoiwes (Scop.) Pers. (Hydnuwm coralloides Scop.).
Fayeite: in decayed cleft on living Fagus near Nuttall-
burg (Nuttall, 845).
H. Ertnacevus (Bull.) Pers. (Aydnum Erinaceum Bull.).
Fayette: on top of dead log and in hollow of living Fagus
near Nuttallburg (Nuttall, 1752). On Robinia (Sheldon).
H. crocrum (Schw.) Banker. (Hydnium croceum Fr.)
Fayette: effused in crevices of dead log near Short Creek
(Nuttall, 398, 1426).

STECCHERINUM S. F. Gray.

S. apustum (Schw.) Banker. (AHydnuim adustion Schwein.).

Fayette: on dead limbs on the ground. Nuclei at first

cream colored gradually changing from perifery to center

through reddish purple to dark brown. Near Nuttallburg
(Nuttall, 863).

S. ocitraceuM (Pers.) S. F. Gray. (AHydnuim ochraccum Pers.)

Underside of dead log. Stegonotis fusca found growing

on this species. Fayette, near Nuttallbure (Nuttall, 891).
WEST VIRGINIA GEOLOGICAL SURVEY 143

SARCODON Quelet.

S. mpricarus (L.) Karst. (Hydnum iwobricatum L.).
Fayette: in oak woods near Nutallburg (Nuttall, 988).

HYDNELLUM Karsten.

H. veLutinum (Fries.) Banker. (Hydnum velutinum Fr.).

Fayette: near Nuttallburg (Nuttall, 880).

H. Nuttaryi Banker, Mem. Torr. Bot. Club, 12:155 (1906).

Plant terrestrial, mesopodous, medium size; pileus obconic,
deeply depressed to infundibuliform, somewhat round,
thickest at the center, thinning uniformly to the margin,
4 to 6 cm. wide, I cm. or less thick near the center; surface
subeven, radiately subrugose or fibrillose when fresh, gray-
ish umber; margin thin, acute, coarsely plicate or fluted, de-
flexed, curled when dried, subfertile with short teeth; sub-
stance spongy-tomentose in upper half of pileus, thickest at
the center, umber, lower part of pileus harder more compact
datker of uniform thickness about 1 mm., continuous with
hard central core of stem; stem central, uneven, surrounded
below by bulbous mass of spongy tomentum, 0.5 cm. wide,
4 cm. long, bulbous base 1.5 cm. wide; teeth capillary more
or less decurrent, dark umber to black, 7 mm. or less long,
0.15 to 0.25 mm. wide, about 2 to 1 millimeter, longest teeth
about one-fourth of the distance from the stem to the mar-
gin; spores apparently few, subtuberculate, subglobose,
brownish, 4 to 5 » wide.

The plant in structure is similar to H. velutinum, but very
distinct in the form of the pileus, in its subrugose not to-
mentose surface, and in the long capillary teeth.

Fayette: on ground beneath old decayed log, February 13,
1893, near Nuttallburg (Nuttall, 844). Reported in Mills-
paugh & Nuttall Flora as Hydnuim sp.

TREMELLODON Pers.

T. GELATINOSUM (Scop.) Pers.
On dead Tsuga Canadensis Aug. 13, 1893 (Nuttall, 1148)

IRPEX Fr.

I. racteus Fr.

On dead Rhus hirta, Monongalia Co:, near Morgantown

(Millspaugh).

I. stnuosus Fr.

On dead sticks, Dec. 10, 1893 (Nuttall, 1309, 255).
I. optiguus (Schrad.) Fr.?

On Magnolia Fraseri, Feb. 8, 1894 (Nuttall, 1385, 347).
144 THE WEST VIRGINIA FLORA

RADULUM Fr.
ORBICULARE Fr.
On Carpinus Caroliniana? Noy. 27, 1893 (Nuttall, 1270).
Macnotis4e B. & C.
On Magnolia Fraseri, Feb. 9, 1894, Short Creek, alt. 1,800
ft. (Nuttall, 1352).

PHLEBIA Fr.

. MERISMOIDES Fr.

On mossy bark of dead log, Dec. 1, 1893 (Nuttall, 1289).
On Magnolia Fraseri, Nov., 1895.

. RADIATA Fr,

On Alnus rugosa, Oct. 31, 1893 (Nuttall, 1219).

GRANDINIA Fr.

. GRANULOSA Fr.

On underside dead log, May 20, 1893 (Nuttall, 1304).

. CRUSTOSA (Pers.) Fr.

On Rhododendron maximum, May 20, 1893. On Liqui-
dambar Styraciflua, Oct. 2, 1894 (Nuttall, goo ident. Massee).

ODONTIA Pers.

. FARINACEA Fr,

Underside dead Tsuga Canadensis, Nov. 9, 1893, Short
Creek, alt. 1,300 ft. (Nuttall, 1245).

NEOKNEIFFIA Sacc.

. SETIGERA (Fr.) (Kneiffia setigera Fries).

In interstices dead log, Dec., 1893 (Nuttall, 1290, 231).
THELEPHORACEAE,

THELEPHORA Ehrh.

. SEBACEA Pers.

On stem of ./ster sp., damp shady woods, July 25, 1893
(Nuttall, 1120).

. PEDICELLATA Schwein.

On Ostrya Virguuana, Feb. 8, 1894 (Nuttall, 1370, 328).
On Crataegus, Greenbrier: near Durbin (Sheldon).

STEREUM Pers.

. VERSICOLOR (Sw.) Fr.

» On Querens sp. and Betula lenta, March 7, 1893 (Nutt-
all, 856).
Nn

WEST VIRGINIA GEOLOGICAL SURVEY 145

. FASCIATUM Sz.

In dead stumps, alt. 2,000 ft., March 8, 1893 (Nuttall,
860).

. VERSICOLOR war. (Peck).

On dry oak railroad ties, Monongalia Co., near Morgan-
town (Millspaugh).

. LOBATUM Fries.

On Fagus, Preston: near Albright; on Quercus alba.
Upshur: near French Creek (Sheldon).

. PURPUREUM Pers.

On stump in pine woods (Liriodendron?) Dec. 9, 1893
(Nuttall, 1281, 391).

. HirRSuTUM (W.) Fr.

On log, Nov. 24, 1893. Short Creek, alt. 1,300 ft. (Nutt-
all, 1277, 224).

. SANGUINOLENTUM (A. & S.) Fr.

On Tsuga Canadensis, Feb. 8, 1894 (Nuttall, 1386, 251)

. SULPHURATUM B. & Rav.

On log Quercus alba, Monongalia Co., near Morgantown
(Millspaugh).

. FRUSTULOSUM (Pers.) Fr.

. On log Quercus sp., Monongalia Co., near Morgantown
(Millspaugh). On dead wood, March 7, 1893 (Nuttall,

. OCHRACEO-FLAVUM Schw.

On small dead twigs, March 21, 1894 (Nuttall, 1416).

. ALBO-BADIUM Schwein.

On dead sticks and twigs of various trees, April 27, 1893
(Nuttall, 1269).

. SERICEUM Schw.

On dead twig Betula lenta, Grant Co., near Bayard (Mills-
paugh). On Rhus copallina, March 6, 1894 (Nuttall, 1419,

389).

. COMPLICATUM Fr.

On roots of overturned Betula lenta, Grant Co., near
Bayard; on dry oak railroad ties, Monongalia Co., near
Morgantown (A/ilspaugh). On dead trees and on Quer-
cus Prinus, Dec. 8, 1893 (Nuttall, 867, 235). On Fagus,
Preston: near Albright; on Abics or Tsuga, Pocahontas:
Cranberry Glades (Sheldon).

. VERSIFORME B. & C.?

On Castanca dentata, Jan. 18, 1893 (Nuttall, 1347, 30°°

S. rriste B. & C.

On Rhododendron maximum in thicket, alt. 1
Feb. 8, 1894 (Nuttall, 966, 350).
146 THE WEST VIRGINIA FLORA

S. ACERINUM Pers.
On living tree trunks, March 7, 1893 (Nuttall, 858).

HYMENOCHAETE Lev.

H. rupicinosa (Schr.) Lev.

On dead log, March, 1893 (Nuttall, 911). On Robinia
pseudacacia, Monongalia: near Morgantown; on Quercus
alba, Preston: near Terra Alta (Sheldon).

H. TABACINA (Sow.) Lev.

On dead twigs, March, 1893 (Nuttall, 910); on Acer,

Pocahontas: Cranberry Glades (Sheldon).
H. corrucata (Fr.) Ley.

On decorticated limb Betula lenta, Grant Co., near Bay-
ard (Millspaugh). On Magnolia Fraseri, Feb. 8, 1894.
Sete 38 x 7.5 » (Nuttall, 1364).

H. unicoLtor B. & C.?

On Betula lenta, on dead Kalmia latifolia? July 1, 1893

(Nuttall, 1111, 96).

CORTICIUM Fr.
C. SALICINUM Fr.
On dead Salix nigra, March 15, 1894 (Nuttall, 1401).
C. Oaxesit B. & C.

On living Ostrya Virginica, March 21, 1893 (Nuttall,
877):

C. GLOBIFERUM E. & E.

Underside of dead log in deep laurel thicket, Short Creek,
March 25, 1893 (Nuttall, 940).

C. ARACHNOIDEUM Berk.

On dead damp twigs in dense pile, Jan. 18, 1894. Diffused
for 30 x 8 cm. ‘Spores 4 to 5 x 2 to 3p. The species when
fresh has a wrinkled or crusted appearance looking very like
a Merulius, but soon becomes flat and plane (Nuttall, 1344,
303).

C. RApIOsUM Fr.
On dead trunk, partly beneath loose bark, Short Creek,
May 18, 1893 (Nuttall, 965).
C. LEVE Pers.
On Hamamelis Virginica, Dec. 20, 1894 (Nuttall, 1500).
C. ALBO-FLAVESCENS FE. & E., Field Mus. Bot., 1:170 (1896).

Type WABITAT: On bark of dead Tsuga Canadensis, Feb.
24, 1894 (Nuttall, discov. 1394).

At first orbicular, subpezizoid, 1 to 2 mm. diameter, be-
coming more irregular in shape and 1 cm. or more diameter,

S. versewer stratum milk-white, consisting of loosely interwoven,
On"ching threads, and extending out beyond the pale-oliva-
all, 856)" yellowish, membranaceous hymenium so as to form

Me
WEST VIRGINIA GEOLOGICAL SURVEY 147

a thin sub-fimbriate, white margin. Spores abundant, glo-
bose, with a single large nucleus, 4 to 6 » diameter, slightly
colored.

The hymenium has only a slight tinge of olive and is per-
haps better described as light-drab color.

C. LEPTALEUM E. & E., Field Mus. Bot., 1:170 (1896).

TyPE HABITAT: On underside dead sapling Magnolia

on alt. 1,800 ft. April 11, 1895 (Nuttall, discov. 1803,
90).

Thin, closely adnate, grayish-white, pulverulent, soon
cracking into areas 2 to 3 mm. across, with margins incurved
so as to resemble the shallow cups of some Peziza. Spores
oblong, hyaline, continuous, Io to 12 x 4 p», borne on cyl-
indrical basidia 30 to 40 x 6 yp, with two stout sporophores.
There are also other smaller (immature)? sporidia, globose
(4 to 6 ») or elliptical, 5 to 7 x 3 to 3.5 p. The membrane
on which the hymenium stands where exposed on the in-
curved margin of the pezizoid areas is pale brown.

C. Peters B. & C.
On Betula sp. and Vitis sp., March 21, 1893 (Nuttall, 912).
C. coLticuLosum B. & C.
On dead logs in laurel thicket, Short Creek, May, 1893
(Nuttall, 1088).
C. prAsInuM B. & C.
On dead, burned log, Feb. 2, 1894 (Nuttall, 1382, 344).
C. LILAcINo-FuscuM B, & C.
On dead limb Hicoria sp., Short Creek, alt. 1,800 ft.,
March 5, 1894 (Nuttall, 1403).
C. oCHRACEUM Fr.
On underside dead log Tsuga Canadensis, May 8, 1893
(Nuttall, 931).
C. INCARNATUM (Pers.) Fr.
On underside dead log and on Ulmus pubescens, April
18, 1893 (Nuttall, 923).
C. Litacinum Schroet.
On firm wood of dead log, March 6, 1894, Short Creek,
alt. 1,800 ft. (Nuttall, 1427, 399).
C. SUBGIGANTEUM Berk.
On Hicoria ovata, Dec. 14, 1893. Spores 16x 5 » (Nutt-
all, 1312, 262).
C. MARTIANUM B. & C.
On underside of wet log, Dec. 16, 1893. When fresh, this
species is the color of fresh blood. Short Creek, alt. 1,800
ft. (Nuttall, 1324, 281).
C. scUTELLARE B. & C.
On Magnolia Fraseri, Sambucus Canadensis and Pinus
Virginiana, Aug. 18, 1893 (Nuttall, 1176, 144).
148 THE WEST VIRGINIA FLORA

A.

ASTEROSTOMA Massee.
CORTICOLUM Massee.
On wild vine Vitis sp., in pine woods, alt. 2,000 ft., Feb.
1893 (Nuttall, 1000).

A. CERVICOLOR (B. & C.) Massee.

On bark of living Quercus sp., Short Creek, alt. 1,800
ft. (Nuttall, 1325, 282).

PENIOPHORA Cooke.

. QUERCINA (Fr.) Cooke.

On Castanea dentata, Jan. 18, 1893 (Nuttall, 1346, 305).

. CINEREA (Fr.) Cooke.

On dead limb, March, 1893 (Nuttall, 945, 170).
CONIOPHORA DC.

sp.
Near C. submembranacea, (B. & Br.). On Zea Mays,
Aug. 10, 1895 (Nuttall, 1846, 737).

. OLIVACEA (Fr.) Karst.

In dark place underside old railroad ties, Nov. 5, 1894
(Nuttall, 1750, 631).

EXOBASIDIUM Woron.

. RHODODENDRI Cram.

Forming “cups” near the tips or margins of living leaves
of Rhododendron maximum. Common in Grant and Tucker
Counties. I understand from Prof. Peck that this is his
first knowledge of the occurrence of this species in North
America (Millspaugh).

CLAVARIACEAE.
CLAVARIA Vaill.

. AMETHYSTINA Bull.

On ground, June 20, 1893 (Nuttall, 993).

C. pyxIDATA Pers.

On rotten log, June 10, 1893 (Nuttall, 975).

. FORMOSA Pers.

On ground in laurel thicket, and deep woods, alt. 2,000
ft., July 9, 1893. Spores 12.5 x 5 w (Nuttall, 1085).

. FLACCIDA Fr.

On leaf mold, in deep woods, Grant Co., near Bayard
(Millspaugh).

. FUSIFORMIS Sowerb.

On low ground in open woods, alt. 2,000 ft., July 9, 1893
(Nuttall, 1086).
WEST VIRGINIA GEOLOGICAL SURVEY ° 149

. JUNCEA Fr.

On leaf mold in bottom of dead hollow stump. Oct.
28, 1893 (Nuttall, 1232, 179).
. MucIDA Pers.

On upper side dead wet logs, Oct. 20, 1893 (Nuttall,
1231, 178).

CALOCERA Fr.

. viscosa (Pers.) Fr.

On bark of Magnolia Fraseri, Short Creek, alt. 1,800 ft.,
Feb. 8, 1894. Spores 12.5 x 4 » (Nuttall, 1387, 354).

LACHNOCLADIUM Lev.
. SEMIVESTITUM B. & C.

On dead wet limbs, alt. 1,800 ft., Sept. 18, 1895. Three
to five inches high (Nuttall, 1867, 753).

AURICULARIA Bull.
. Auricuta (L.) Underw. (Htrneola Auricula-Judae Berk.).
On damp sticks, June 15, 1893, Short Creek (Nuttall,
993).
EXIDIA Fr.
. GLANDULOSA (Bull) Fr.
On bark Juglans cinerea, alt. 2,000 ft., Feb. 20, 1893
(Nuttall, 946).
. ALBA (Huds.) Bref.
On dead log, June 23, 1893 (Nuttall, 999).

ULOCOLLA Bref.
. FOLIACEA (Pers.) Bref.

On dead twig, Nov. 10, 1893. Spores + 12.5 x6to7 u
(Nuttall, 1281).

CRATEROCOLLA Brefeld.
(Ombrophila Quel.)

. CLAVuS (Cke.)

On decaying leaves and wood (Sheldon, 2979).

TREMELLA Dill.
. FRONDOSA Fr.

On Rhododendron maximum, Dec. 16, 1893 (Nuttall,
1321).
. AURANTIA Fr.

On bark Pinus Virginiana, alt. 2,000 ft., March 20, 1893
(Nuttall, 947).
. INTUMESCENS Sm.?

On dead limbs Hicoria sp., Short Creek, Dec. 16, 1893.
Spores 10 to 13 x 3 to 4 p, curved (Nuttall, 1332).
150 . THE WEST VIRGINIA FLORA

T. virENS Schwein.
On dead branch Cornus florida, Aug. 17, 1893 (Nuttall,
1155). Spores mostly-7 x 5 » or round 7 mw diameter.

NAEMATELIA Fr.

N. nucveata (Schw.) Fr.
On Aralia spinosa, alt. 1,300 ft., Aug. 18, 1893 (Nuttall,
1174, 142). On Magnolia Fraseri.

DACRYOMYCES Nees.

 

— sp.

Of this form Mr. J. B. Ellis says: “It seems to be a
Dacryomyces. I find the same thing here at Newfield, N. J.,
but have never been able to decide upon it, and though I have
sent it to various European mycologists, I have never re-
ceived a definite opinion from them.” The form occurs on
oak limbs on ground, Dec. 1893; is of a bright orange-red
color, with curved spores 7.5 to 10 x 4 » (Nuttall, 1271,
217.)

D. DELIQUESCENS (Bull.) Dub.
On underside dead rotten limb Pinus Strobus, Dec. 13,

1894 (Nuttall, 1770).

D. SyrincaE (Schum.) ?
On dead limbs of Platanus occidentalis, Nov. 10, 1895

(Nuttall, 1889).

D. stELLATuS Nees.
On clean dead wood Tsuga Canadensis, Dec. 20, 1893

(Nuttall, 1331).

D. corticiowes Ell.
On decayed Tsuga Canadensis, Short Creek, alt. 1,750 ft.,

Dec. 16, 1893. Lemon yellow .25 cm. to 3.5 x 1.5 cm.

Spores hyaline, nucleate 9 to 12.5 x 5 to 7 » obliquely apicu-

late at one end (Nuttall, 1316, 271).

D. Minor Peck?
On Kalmia latifolia, Short Creek, alt. 1,800 ft., March,
1894. Spores Io to 12 x 4 p (Nuttall, 1532).

GUEPINIA Fr.
G. SPATHULARIA (Schw.) Fr.

On Quercus sp., Jan. 1, 1894. Spores uniseptate IO x 4 »
(Nuttall, 1782).

HOROMYCES Bon.
H. FRAGIFORMIS Cooke, Hypsilophora fragiforimis (Fr.) Lev.
On bark dead Fagus atropunicca, Grant Co., near Bayard
(Millspaugh). On dead wood, May 18, 1893 (Nuttall, 963.)
Lichenes.

USNACEAE.
RAMALINA Ach.

R. rigipsA (Pers.) Tuck.

On trees, alt. 2,000 ft. (Nuttall, 1060).

R. CALCICARIS FASTIGIATA Fr.

On trees, alt. 2,000 ft. (Nuttall, 869).

R. MINIUSCULA Nyl.

OO, Wis fa)

On «leer saccharinum, alt. 2,000 ft. (Nuttall, 1696).

CETRARIA Ach.

ciLiaris (Ach.) Tuck.

On Pinus Virginiana, alt. 1,800 ft. (Nuttall, 861).
LAcuNosA Ach.

On Pinus Virgimana, alt. 1,800 ft. (Nuttall, 1053).
AURESCENS Tuck.

On Rhododendron maximum, alt. 1,850 ft. (Nuttall, 1050).
ISLANDICA (L.) Ach. Reindeer Moss.

High barren places, Wood: near Nicollet (H. H. Smith).
OAKESIAN. SPINULOSA Merrill ined.

On Picea rubens (Sheldon, 3699), and on Kalmia latifolia
(36061).

USNEA Ach.

. BARBATA (L.) Fr.

Wirt Co., on old trees, common, Burning Springs. Ran-
dolph Co., on Rhododendron maximum, common, Cheat
Bridge. Mercer Co., on oak twigs, Bluefield; and elsewhere
about State, common on trees, rocks and old fence rails
(Millspaugh). On trees, alt. 2,000 ft. (Nuttall, 819).

. BARBATA FLORIDA Fr.

Mercer Co., on oak chips and twigs among dead leaves at
Bluefield (Aillspaugh). On trees, alt. 2,000 ft. (Nuttall,
859).

. TRICHODES Ach.

On spruce (Sheldon, 3693).

THELOSCHISTES Norm.

PARIETINUS (Linn) Norm.
On Robinia Pseudacacia, alt. 2,000 ft. (Nuttall, 1145).
152 THE WEST VIRGINIA FLORA

T. concotor (Dicks.) Tuck.

On Robinia Pseudacacia, alt. 2,000 ft. (Nuttall, 1144).

T. concoLor EFFusSA Tuckerm.

Summers: near Lowell (Pollard & Maxon, 150).

EVERNIA Ach,

. FURFURACEA (L.) Mann.

On rock; on trunks of trees (Sheldon, 2486, 1544, 3861).

PARMELIACEAE.

PARMELIA Ach.
PERLATA (Linn.) Ach.
On Acer rubrum, and on sandstone boulders (Nuttall,
848).

P. Borreri Turn.

On Oak, alt. 1,850 ft. (Nuttall, 1032).

. BORRERI RUDECTA Tuck.

On Robinia Pseudacacia, Monongalia Co., along Failing
Run (Millspaugh, 1531).

. coLpopES (Ach.) Nyl.

On Oak, alt. 1,850 ft. (Nuttall, 1141).

P. oLivacea (L.) Ach.

d

On Liriodendron log newly felled, Monongalia Co., Falling
Run (Millspaugh, 1343).

. CAPERATA (L.) Ach.

Monongalia Co., on sandstone rocks, and base of Beech,
Falling Run (Muillspaugh, 1283).

. CETRATA Ach. ?

Sterile, but probably referable to this species. Summers:
near Lowell (Pollard & Maxon, 146).

. TILIACEA (Hoffm.) Flk,

Summers: near Lowell (Pollard & Maxon, 151).

P. puysopes (L.) Ach.

so ee ae

On the bark of various trees (Sheldon, 1532, 3456, 3663,
3668) ; on roof of shed, (3056).
CONSPERSA (Ehrh.) Ach.
Ona rock (Sheldon, 2160).
OLIVARIA (Ach.) Hue.
On rock (Sheldon, 3344).

EXASPERATA (Ach.) DeNot.

On bark of Prunus serotina (Sheldon, 3735).
RuDEcTA Ach.
On bark of Red Oak (Sheldon, 3946).
v

ee ee

doy sy ye

WEST VIRGINIA GEOLOGICAL SURVEY 153
PHYS CiIovGe Ar.

PYXINE Nyl.
SOREDIATA Fr..
On trunk of Ash (Sheldon, 3690).

PHYSCIA DC.

LucoMELA (L.) Michx.

Mercer Co., with moss on wet limestone ledge, Beaver

Spring (Willspaugh, 1539).

ciLiaris (Linn.) DC.

On mossy sandstone rocks (Nuttall, 1063).
CILIARIS CRINALIS Scheer.

On moss, alt. 1,850 ft. (Nuttall, 1042).
AQguILA (Ach.) Nyl.

On rocks and on moss (Nuttall, 1035).
STELLARIS (Linn.) Tuck.

On standstone rock (Nuttall, 872).
STELLARIS AIPOLIA Nyl.

On sandstone rock (Nuttall, 1778).
LEUCOMELAENA (L.) Wain.

On bark (Sheldon, 3701).
speciosa (Wulf.) Nyl.

On a tree trunk with mosses (Sheldon, 36096).
comosaA (Eschw.) Nyl.

On Red Cedar twigs (Sheldon, 2722).

UMBILICARIACAE,
UMBILICARIA Hoffm.

. DitLtentt Tuck.

On sandstone rocks (Nuttall, 823).

. PENNSYLVANICA Hoffm.

On sandstone rocks (Nuttall, 849).

. PustuLata (Linn.) Hoffm.

On faces of sandstone cliffs (Nuttall, 855).
PAPULOSA (L.) Hoffm.

On rock (Sheldon, 2491).
MUuHLENBERGI (L.) Hoffm.

On rocks at the summit of White Top Mountain (Sheldon,
2480).

PELTIGERACEAE,

LOBARIA Hue.

AMPLISSIMA (Scop.) Arn.
On trunks of various trees (Sheldon, 1300, 2470, 3451,

3702, 3963).
154 THE WEST VIRGINIA FLORA

STICTA Schreb.

crocaTta (L.) Ach.

On bark (Sheldon, 3709).
HERBACEA (Huds.) Ach. ‘

McDowell Co., on oaks, Elkhorn (A/illspaugh).
EROSA (Eschw.) Tuck.

On trees, alt. 1,850 ft. (Nuttall, 982).
PULMONARIA (L.) Ach.

Wirt Co., on trunks of oaks, near Burning Springs (Mills-

paugh, 327). On trees, alt. 1,875 ft. (Nuttall, 824).

QUERCIZANS (Michx.) Ach.

On trees and rocks (Nuttall, 1057).

PELTIGERA Willd.

. POLYDACTYLA (Neck.) Hoffm.

On soil (Sheldon, 649, 1150, 1455, 1543, 2578).

. APHTHOSA (K.) Hoffm.

Monongalia Co., on rock ledge, near Cassville (Muills-
paugh). On rocks among mosses, alt. 1,800 ft. (Nuttall,
1090).

sp. non fruct.

On Rhododendron maximum (Nuttall, 938).

P. worizontaLis (Linn.) Hoffm.

On rocks among mosses, alt. 1,875 ft. (Nuttall, 1091).

. CANINA (Linn.) Hoffm.

On earth, rocks and trees (Nuttall, 1061.)

NEPHROMA Ach,

. Hetveticum Ach.

On rocks (Sheldon, 2721, 2991, 4067).
PANNARIACEAE.
PANNARIA Delis.

. RUBIGINOSA (Thunb.) Delis.

On mossy logs (Nuttall, 1055).
Leucosticta Tuck.

On mossy logs and rocks (Nuttall, 1064).
NicRA (Huds.) Nyl.

On sandstone rocks (Nuttall, 1077).

COLLEMACEAE.
PHYSMA Zahlbr.

. LURIDUM Mont.

On bark (Sheldon, 3685, 3698).
WEST VIRGINIA GEOLOGICAL SURVEY 155

COLLEMA Hoffm.
MYOCHROUM Nyl.

On Rhododendron maximum, alt. 1,875 ft. (Nuttall, 1058).
FLACCIDUM Ach.
On a ledge (Sheldon, 3398).

LEPTOGIUM Fr.

L. PULCHELLUM (Ach.) Nyl.

On oak (Nuttall, 1067).

L. TREMELLOIDES (Linn. f.) Fr,

On sandstone rock (Nuttall, 1093).

L. CHLOROMELUM STELLANS Tuck.

yw wy

On Quercus coccinea, alt. 2,400 ft. (Nuttall, 1146).

LECANORACEAE.

PLACODIUM DC.
ELEGANS (Link.) D.C.

On sandstone boulders at base of cliffs, alt. 1,800 ft. (.\Vutt-
all, 862).

. CERINUM (Hedw.) Naeg. & Hepp

Monogalia Co., on bark of Beech, Falling Run (Miils-
paugh, 1357). On Robinia Pseudacacia, alt. 2,000 ft. (Nutt-
all, 1030).

. FERRUGINEUM (Huds.) Hepp.

On top of wet sandstone rock (Nuttall, 1092).
CAMPTIDIUM Tuck.

On trees (Nuttall, 1786).
RUPESTRE (Scop.) Br. & Rostr.

Fayette: near Quinnimont (Pollard & Maxon, 155).

. CINNABARINUM (Ach.) Aug.

On rock (Sheldon, 2288).

LECANORA Ach.
COARCTATA Ach,

On pieces of sandstone under drip of wet cliff, alt. 1,800 ft.
(Nuttall, 1780).

L. susrusca (Linn.) Ach.

On trees and rocks (Nuttall, 1038).

L. atRA (Huds.) Ach.

Monongalia Co., on bark Liriodendron log, newly felled,
Falling Run (Millspaugh, 1342). On flat exposed surface
sandstone rock, same locality (1287).

DEPLANANS Nyl., Bot. Gaz., 22: 334, (1896).

Thallus glauco-cinerascens tenuis areolato-rimosus deter-

minatus; apothecia badio-rufescens (satis diluta) innata sub-
Eo fee See ee

S

156 THE WEST VIRGINIA FLORA

concaviuscula, latit. 0.5-0.7 mm; spora ellipsoidea, long.
0.015-16, crass. 0.009-1.010 mm; epithecium inspersum. In
toto gelatina hymenialis fulvo-rubescens.
Videtur species e stirpe Lecanora cervina, spermatiis ellip-
soideis.
On rocks in bed of creek. Fayette: Short Creek, alt. 1,300
ft. (L. W Nuttall coll. no 1126),
VARIA (Ehrh.) Nyl.
On trees (Nuttall, 1036).
FALLESCENS (Linn.) Scheer.
On trees and fence rails (Nuttall, 937).

. TARTAREA (Linn.) Ach.

On sandstone rocks (Nuttall, 886).
CERVINA (Pers.) Nyl.
The light colored form on wet rocks; the dark form on
dry rocks (Nuttall, 854).
privicNa (Ach.) Nyl.
On sandstone rocks (Nuttall, 1028).

L. MURALIS VERSICOLOR Fr.

On limestone rocks (Sheldon, 2654).

L. paLyipa (Schreb.) Scher.

oe ee ie

On bark (Sheldon, 3790).

RINODINA Mass.

. oREINA (Ach.) Mass.

On sandstone rocks at base of cliff, alt. 1,800 ft. (\uttall,
952).

. SOPHODES (Ach.) Nyl.

On small sandstone rocks (Nuttall, 1072).

PERTUSARIA DC.
VELATA (Turn.) Nyl.
On Magnolta Fraseri and other trees (Nuttall, 1044).

MULTIPUNCTA (Turn.) Nyl.
On sandstone rocks in bed of creek (Nuttall, 1043).

LEIOPLACA (Ach.) Scheer.
On Oak (Nuttall, 1041).

PusTULATA (Ach.) Nyl.
On trees (Nuttall, 853).

CORALLINA (L.) Fr.
Fayette: near Quinnimont (Pollard & Maxon, 140).

THELOTREMA Ach.

suBTILeE Tuck.
On trees (Nuttall, 1056).
WEST VIRGINIA GEOLOGICAL SURVEY 157

MYRIANGIUM Mont. & Berk.

. Durtaer (Mont. & Berk.) Tuck.

On dead bush (Nuttall, 1062).

CLADONIACEAE.
EPHEBE E. Fr,

. LANATA (L.) Wain. (E. pubescens Fr.).

On rocks in a rill (Sheldon, 3940).

CLADONIA Hoffm.
MITRULA Tuck, i
Monongalia Co., on an old Beech log, Falling Run (A/ills-
paugh, 1346).
cariosa (Ach.) Spreng.
On earth, Fayette Co. (Vuttall, 1066).

C. pyxipata (L.) Fr.

Monongalia Co., along Falling Run, on bare sandstone
rocks (Muillspaugh, 1281) ; on moss in clay soil (J/illspaugh,
1285) ; on decayed log (Millspaugh, 1338) ; base of Beech in
soil (Millspaugh, 1282); on earth (Nuttall, 1031).

. FIMBRIATA (Linn.) Fr,

On an old log, Fayette Co. (Nuttall, 1059).

C. FIMBRIATA TUBAEFORMIS Fr.

QO

AG Ae Pi a PRR Gn ee es

On an old log (Nuttall, 1059).

. GRACILIS (L.) Nyl.

Monongalia Co., along Falling Run, on decayed log (Mills-
paugh, 1337; among mosses on clay soil (Jfillspaugh, 1286).

. VERTICILLATA Hoffm.

On soil (Sheldon, 2464, 3027).

. COCCIFERA PLEUROTA (Fckl.) Scher.

On a ledge (Sheldon, 4108).
DEFoRMIS (L.) Hoffm.

On soil (Bowers, 2500).
POLYCARPA EPIPHYLLA Merrill ined.
On a ledge (Sheldon, 4060).

sTrREepsILis (Ach.) Wain.
On soil (Sheldon, 2427).

. SUBCARIOSA (Nyl.) Wain.

On soil (Sheldon, 1298, 1299, 2311, 2785, 1990).

. SYLVATICA LAXIUSCULA Wain.

On soil (Sheldon, 3682).

. TURGIDA (Ehrh.) Hoffm.

Growing with Polytrichuim commune (Sheldon, 1558).

. uNCIALIS (L.) Web.

On soil (Sheldon, 1231).
158 THE WEST VIRGINIA FLORA

GRACILIS VERTICILLATA Fr.
On earth (Nuttall, 885).

. SOBOLESCENS Nyl.

On earth (Nuttall, 839).

. PAPILLARIA (Ehrh.) Hoffm.

On earth (Nuttall, 1068).

. DELICATA (Ehrh.) FI.

On top of stump (Nuttall, 1065).

. CAESPITICIA (Pers.) FI.

On sandstone rocks (Nuttall, 1075).

. FURCATA RACEMOSA Floerk.

Monongalia Co., large patches on ground under chestnuts,
at Dille’s; Mercer Co., same growth under oaks, near Beaver
Spring (Muillspaugh) on earth (Nuttall, 1045).

. RANGIFERINA (L.), Hoffm.

Monongalia Co., on moss, Falling Run (Muillspaugh,
1361); on earth, rocks and fence rails (Nuttall, 825).

C. MACILENTA (Ehrh.) Hoffm.

On rotten logs (Nuttall, 1070).

C. PULCHELLA Schwein.

On dead wood (Nuttall, 838).

C. CRISTATELLA Tuck.

Monongalia Co., on an old decayed log, Falling Run
(Millspaugh, 1336).

. SYLVESTRIS L.

On the mountain between Barrenshe Creek and Dry Fork,
McDowell Co., alt. 1,700 ft., Aug. 6, 1900 (Morris, 1163).

. SQUAMOSA (Scop.) Hoffm.

Fayette: near Quinnimont (Pollard & Maxon, 143). On
a ledge (Sheldon 4107), on a decaying log (2313, 3386), on
soil (2482, 3345, 3511).

. SQUAMOSA DENTICOLLIS (Hoffm.) Flk.

Fayette: near Quinnimont (Pollard & Maxon, 136).
LECIDACEAE.

BAEOMYCES Pers.

. ROSEUS Pers.

On ground (Nuttall, 873).

. AERUGINOSUS (Scop.) DC.

Sheldon on rock (2489), on decaying stump (2468), on
black spruce bark (2472).

BIATORA Fr.

. kUSSULA (Ach.) Mont.

On bark of tree (.Vuttall, 1046).
www we Ww Ww

ep he ee ew

WEST VIRGINIA GEOLOGICAL SURVEY 159

vaRIANS (Ach.) Tuck.

On bark of tree (Nuttall, 978).
ULIGINOSA (Schrad.) Fr.

On rotten stumps (Nuttall, 1054).
FULIGINOSA Ach.

On ground (Nuttall, 1089).

. SCHWEINITzII Tuck.

On Rhododendron maximum (Nuttall, 1052).

. RUBELLA (Ehrh.) Rab.

On mossy trunk of tree (Nuttall, 1029).

. VERNALIS (L.) Fr.

Sheidon on Birch bark (2475), on Picea rubens (3741),
among mosses on a ledge (4059).

. ATROGRISEA (Deli.) Heff.?

On bark of Alagnolia acwminata (Sheldon, 3754).

. Laureri Hepp.

On bark of Beech (Sheldon, 2466).

. Russetyui Tuck.

On limestone ledge (Sheldon, 2652). ,
HYPNOPHILA Turn.

On moss (Sheldon, 3962).
GRANULOSA (Ehrh.) Poetsch.

On soil (Sheldon, 2579).
INUNDATA Fr.

On sandstone rock (Nuttall, 1074).
SUFFUSA Fr.

On bark of tree (Nuttall, 1095).

COENOGONIUM Enhrbg.

INTERPOSITUM Nyl.
Growing with thallus of Cladonia. Fayette: near Quinni-
mont (Pollard & Maxon, 141, sterile.)

LECIDEA Ach.

TENNESSEENSIS Nyl.
On sandstone rock (Nuttall, 1073).
FULIGINEA Ach.
On upper side of dead log (Nuttall, 1787).
Nurracrii Calk & Nyl, Bot. Gaz., 22 :334. (1896.)
Apothecia nigra parva; epithecium impressum; spora fusca
oviformis 1-septata, long. 0.014-16, crass. 0.005-6 mm.; hy-
pothecium fuscum. In toto gelatina hymenialis vinose ru-
bescens.
160 THE WEST VIRGINIA FLORA

Te,

to

ie ie Bee ee eS

Super thallum Ricasolia sublaevis Nyl. Fayette: near
Nuttallburg (L. W. Nuttall coll. no. 1781).
VIRGINIENSIS Calk. & Nyl., Bot. Gaz., 22: 333, (1896).
Thallus glaucescens tenuis levigatus rimulosus citrino-
flavus; apothecia fusca aut nigra convexiuscula immarginata
latit. circ. 0.5 mm., intus medio sordida; spora oblonga in-
coloris, long. 0.009-0.012, crass. 0.004-6 mm.; epithecium et
pars media hypothecii dilute fuscescens. In toto gelatina
hymenialis coerulescens, dein theca vinose rubescens.
E stirpe videtur Lecidca sangiuineo-atra, prope Lecideam
delineatam Nyl.
On sandstone rock under the drip of a wet cliff. Fayette:
near Nuttallburg (L. W. Nuttall coll. no. 1779).
ERIcINA Nyl,
Bark of trees (Nuttall, 1047).
PLATYCARPA STERIZA (Ach.) Nyl.
On a rock (Sheldon, 4030).
SPEIREA Ach.
Fayette: near Quinnimont (Pollard & Maron, 134).
ALBOCOERULESCENS (Wulf.) Scher.
Fayette: near Quinnimont (Pollard & Maron, 138).
CRUSTULATA Ach.
On stones (Sheldon, 4058).

BUELLIA DeNot.

. MyriocARPA (DC.) Mudd.

On bark of trees (Nuttall, 1185).

. PETRAEA (FI.) Tuck.

On sandstone rocks (Nuttall, 1071).

. COLLUDENS Nyl.

On sandstone (Sheldon, 2289).

GRAPHIDACEAE.

OPEGRAPHA Humb.

O. varia (Pers.) Fr.

Bark of trees (Nuttall, 1034).

. ATRA Pers.

Bark of trees (Nuttall, 1033).

O. MINUTULA Merrill ined.

On sandstone ledge (Sheldon, 3987).
WEST VIRGINIA GEOLOGICAL SURVEY 161

GRAPHIS Ach.

. scripta (Linn.) Ach,

On bark of trees (Nuttall, 1051).

G. SCRIPTA RECTA Scher.

G:

> > > Pp DP

On bark of Betula Iutea and of B. lenta (Nuttall, 1026).

. ELEGANS (Sm.) Ach.

On bark of trees, Fayette Co. (Nuttall, 1039).
DENDRITICA Ach.
On bark of Betula lenta, etc. (Nuttall, 1037).

ARTHONIA Ach.

. CINNABARINA Wallr.

‘Bark of tree (Nuttall, 939).

. ALEUROMELA Ny1., Bot. Gaz., 22 :334. (1896.)

Thallus albus subfarinaceus chrysogonidicus tenuissimus ;
apothecia subrotundata vel oblonga, prominula, latit. 0.4-0.5
mm.; spora oblongo-oviformis parte inferiore attenuata,
I-septata, long. 0.010-11, crass. 0.003 mm. In toto gelatina
hymenialis ccerulescens, dein obscurata. ;

Thallus detritus subaureus, CaCl vix reagens. Gonidia
chroolepoidea fulvescentia.

On bark of Quercus sp. Fayette: near Nuttallburg, alt.
2,000 ft. (L. W. Nuttall, coll. no. 1182).

. DISPERSA (Schrad.) Nyl.

On bark of young Tsuga Canadensis, etc. (Nuttall, 1142).

. ASTROIDEA Ach.

On bark of Liriodendron Tulipifera (Nuttall, 1816).

. PUNCTIFORMIS Ach.

On bark (Nuttall, 1076).

. TAEDIOSA (Nyl.) Fr.

On bark (Nuttall, 1069).

. SPECTABILIS FI.

On bark (Nuttall, 1025).

AGYRIUM Fr.

. RUFUM (Pers.) Fr.

On smooth dead wood (Nuttall, 1814).
CALICIACEAE.,
CALICIUM Pers.

C. SUBTILE Fr.

On sticks, dead leaves, etc., under cliff (Nuttall, 1226).

C. TIGILLARE (B. & Br.) Sacc.

On Polyporus pergamenus, Aug. 23, 1893 (Nuttall, 1159).
162 THE WEST VIRGINIA FLORA

VERRUCARIACEAE.

VERRUCARIA Th. Fr.

V. FUSCELLA (Tum.) Ach.
Summers: near Lowell (Pollard & Maxon, 154).

ENDOCARPON Hedw.

E. minratum (Linn.) Scher.
On wet cliffs (Nuttall, 1049).

E. minratum MuHGLENBERGII Schaer.
On rocks (Sheldon, 1595).

E. MINIATUM COMPLICATUM Scher.
On wet cliffs (Nuttall, 1823).

TRYPETHELIAC EAE.

TRYPETHELIUNI Spreng.
T. virens Tuck.
On Ilex opaca (Nuttall, 1040). =
T. EXOCANTHUM Tuck.
On Fagus atropunicea (Nuttall, 1181).

PYRENULACEAE.

PYRENULA Ach.

RHYPONTA Ach.

On bark of Hamamelis Virginica (Nuttall, 1184).
NITIDA Ach.

On Betula lenta bark (Nuttall, 1027).
PACHYCHEILA Tuck.

On bark of Fagus atropunicea (Nuttall, 1048).
. PUNCTELLA (Nyl.) Williams.  (Verrucaria punctella Nyl).

Summers: near Lowell (Pollard & Alavon, 156).
GLABRATA (Ach.) Mass.

On bark (Sheldon, 3791, not fully characteristic).

drow Uv we
Hepaticz.

RICCLAC EAE.

RICCIA Linn,

R. cANALICULATA Hoffm. (Ricciella fluitans A. Br.).

The sterile, water form (syn. above). Sandy soil along

edge of brook, Monongalia, near Ceredo, and on edge of
small pond, near Morgantown (Sheldon, 3897, 3928).

MARCHANTIACEAE.

REBOULIA Raddi.
R. ———————-sp.?
A sterile specimen on earth and rock, Monongalia, near
Warntown (Sheldon, 3631).

CONOCEPHALUS Neck.

C. conicus (Corda) Schiffn. (Conocephalunt conicuim Dum.).
Monongalia: on ground and sandstone boulders in deep
woods at Tibbs Run (Millspaugh, 1672); on rocks beside a
stream near Randall, same situation north of Morgantown
and on University Campus below Falling Run (Sheldon,
177, 1308) ; also at Coopers Rock (Post, 1669).

LUNULARIA <Adans.

L. crucrata (L.) Dum. .
In a greenhouse, Monongalia: at Morgantown (Sheldon

29041).

MARCHANTIA (L.) Raddi.

M. rotymMorPHA Linn.

In various situations, Monongalia: near \[organtown, be-
tween bricks of sidewalk (Millspaugh), on brick wall in
Experiment Station greenhouse (Sheldon, 537); among
damp mosses base of sandstone boulder, Tibbs Run (Mills-
paugh), on earth near the mouth of a coal mine at Richards
(Sheldon). Preston: around the edge of a lime pile at Pis-
gah, on earth in spruce swamp near Cranesville (Sheldon,
1531, 1462). Gilmer: near Glenville (Mapel). Fayette:
near Nuttallburg (Nuttall). Randolph: on ground in a
burned place at the summit of Point Mountain; Grant: in a
164 THE WEST VIRGINIA FLORA

similar situation near Bayard; Tucker: in a burning near
Blackwater Falls (Millspaugh).

JUNGERMANNIACEAE.
(Anacrogynae. )

RICCARDIA S. F. Gray.

R. Latirrons Lindb.

Monongalia, a few plants growing with Scapania nemo-
rosa on the north side of a bank at Sabraton (Sheldon,
2302).

R. muttiripa (L.) S. F. Gray. (Aneura multifida Dum.).

Grant: on wet bark and wet decorticated wood in a deep
wooded ravine near Bayard (Millspaugh, 2070).

R. princuts (L.) S. F. Gray.
Fayette: near Nuttallburg (Nuttall).

METZGERIA Raddi.

M. conyucata Lindb.

McDowell: on bark of Beech, near Elkhorn (Millspaugh,
1513). Monongalia: on bark of twig near Morgantown
(Millspaugh, 1671), and at Tibbs Run (Andrews). Ran-
dolph: with mosses on tree trunks near Cheat Bridge (Shel-
don, 2531). Fayette: near Nuttallburg (Nuttall).

M. crasstritis (Lindb.) Evans.

Pocahontas: on various tree trunks at Warntown, Seebert

and Cranberry Glades (Sheldon, 3641, 3619, 3694).

PALLAVICINIA (S. F. G.) Steph.

P. Lyetii (Hook.). S. F. Gray.
Preston: on earth and logs among mosses near Cranes-
ville (Sheldon, 3484).

PELLIA Raddi.

P. EPIPHYLLA (L.) Corda.

Randolph: on clay near a spring at Pickens (J/illspaugh,
2211), and between stones on a roadside near Cheat Bridge
(Sheldon, 2523). Monongalia: on earth and rocks near a
spring at Morgantown (Sheldon, 768, 1280).

P. Farroniana Raddi.

Wayne: on bank of small stream near Ceredo (Shel-

don, 3899).
WEST VIRGINIA GEOLOGICAL SURVEY 165

FOSSOMBRONIA Raddi.
F. Wonpraczecki (Corda) Dum.
Monongalia: on earth near Morgantown (Sheldon, 2764,
3190, 3919).
¢Acrogynae.)

MARSUPELLA Dum.
M. emarcinata (Ehrh.) Dum.
Randolph: on clay bank of a small spring at Pickens
(Millspaugh), Preston: at Masontown (Andrews).

NARDIA S. F. Gray.
N. crenuLata (Smith) Lindb.

Monongalia: at a springy place near Easton (Andrew's).
Randolph: growing with Pellia epiphylla at Cheat Bridge
(Sheldon).

N. cRENULIFORMIS (Aust.) Lindb.

Monongalia: a few specimens from rocks in Tibbs Run
(Andrews).

SOLENOSTOMA Mitten.

S. LANCEOLATA (L.) Steph. (Jungermannia lanceolata L.).
Monongalia: on rocks in Tibbs Run (Andrews).

APLOZIA Dum.
A. autuMNaLis (DC.) Schiffn. (Jamesoniella DC., Jungerman-
nia Schraderi Mart).
Monongalia: at Tibbs Run (Andrews). Randolph: on de-
caying logs near Cheat Bridge (Sheldon, 2517). Fayette:
near Quinnimont (Pollard & Maxon, 113).

JUNGERMANNIA Auth?
J. puMILA With.
Greenbrier: on log in river at Durbin,

LOPHOZIA Dum.
L. Marcuica (Nees.) Steph.
Monongalia: in a wet place on roadside near Easton (An-
drews).
L. ventricosa (Dicks.) Dum.
Monongalia: on ledge near Coopers Rock (Sheldon, 3024).

BLEPHAROSTOMA Lindb.
B. TRICHOPHYLLUM (L.) Dum.

Monongalia: on ground and sandstone boulder in deep
woods at Tibbs Run (Millspawgh, 1665, Andrews).
160 THE WEST VIRGINIA FLORA

Pi

Pe

P.

a

PLAGIOCHILA Dum.

SULLIVANTII Gottsche.

Monongalia: on earth in vicinity of Quarry Run (4n-

drews).
PORELLOIDES Lindb.

Monongalia: on sandstone boulder in Tibbs Run, Grant,
in a deep ravine on wet stones and sand near Bayard (Mills-
paugh, 1700, 2000, 2050, 2041).

VIRGINICA Evans, in Millsp. Prel. Cat. Flora, W. Va., 497
(1892).

Growing in wide, depressed, and intricate tufts; stems
ascending from a prostrate caudex, simple or sparingly
branched, sometimes geniculate and rooting at the joints,
otherwise eradiculose; leaves contiguous or somewhat im-
bricated, widely patent, ovate or rhomboid-ovate, the dorsal
margin decurrent, slightly reflexed, entire, the ventral mar-
gin plane or reflexed at base, mostly entire, the apex broad,
rounded or truncate, sharply and irregularly spinulose; am-
phigastria none.

Stems 1 to 3 cm. long, with the leaves I to 2 mm. wide;
leaves 1.2 mm. long, 0.7 mm. wide; spines short, acute,
separated by rounded sinuses, varying in number from 2 to
3 on each leaf, usually 4 or 5; leaf-cells averaging 0.023
mm. in diameter in middle of leaf, thin-walled and scarcely
thickened at the angles.

Mercer: on walls of dry limestone cave, Beaver Spring
(Aillspaugh, 1550).

CHILOCYPHUS Corda.

PALLESCENS (Ehrh.) Dum.
Preston: near Albright, on decaying log (Sheldon, 3373).
PoLtyantHus (L.) Corda.
Pocahontas: on decaying leaves and grass in Cranberry
Glades (Sheldon, 3846); and Greenbrier: on decaying log
at Durbin (3766).

LOPHOCOLEA Dum.

BIDENTATA (L.) Dum.
Monongalia: on mossy rocks by Quarry Run (Andrews).
HETEROPHYLLA (Schrad.) Dum.
Monongalia: on earth near Easton (.didrews), and at
Morgantown (Sheldon, 2846). Taylor: on rocks and earth
at Fettermann (Sheldon, 2535).

. MINOR Nees.

Wayne: on rocks and earth near Ceredo (Sheldon, 3895).
WEST VIRGINIA GEOLOGICAL SURVEY 167

HARPANTHUS Nees.

H. scuratus (Web. & Mohr) Spruce.

Gh “Gly GGae 2G)

P.

Monongalia: on ground and sandstone boulder in deep
woods at Tibbs Run, and Grant: on damp dead bark near
Bayard (Muillspaugh, 1670; 2020, 2031).

SACCOGYNA Dum.

. GRAVEOLENS (Schrad.) Lindb. (Geocalyx graveolens Nees.)

Monongalia: on ground and sandstone boulders in deep
woods at Tibbs Run (Millspaugh, 1067; Andres).

CEPHALOZIA Dum.

. SERRIFLORA Lindb.

Monongalia: on rotten wood near Tibbs Run (Andrews)

. LUNULAEFOLIA Dum.

Randolph: on decaying log at Cheat Bridge (Sheldon).

. VIRGINIANA Spruce.

Fayette: near Quinnimont (Pollard & Maxon, 115a).

» MULTIFLORA Spruce.

Monongalia: on ground and sandstone boulder in deep
woods at Tibbs Run, and on wet hemlock log; Grant: near
Bayard (Millspaugh, 1662, 2080).

NOWELLIA Mitt.

. CURVIFOLIA (Dicks.) Mitt. (Cephalozia curvifolia Dum.).

Monongalia: on sandstone boulder in deep woods at Tibbs
Run, and Grant: on wet dead bark in deep woods near Bay-
ard (Millspaugh, 1663, 2021). Fayette: near Nuttallburg
(Nuttall); near Quinnimont (Pollard & Maxon, 115).
Monongalia: on decaying wood at Tibbs Run (Andrews).
Upshur: on decaying log at French Creek, and in sime
situation in Randolph: at Cheat Bridge (Sheldon, 2095,
2532).

SPHENOLOBUS Lindb.

EXSECTUS Steph. (Jungermannia exsecta Schmid.).
Grant : on wet hemlock log in deep wooded ravine (AVills-
paugh, 2012). :
Micuaunit (Web.) Steph.
Monongalia: on vertical rocks at Cheat View (Andrews).
minutus (Crantz) Steph.
Monongalia: on ledge near Coopers Rock (Sheldon, 3023).,

PRIONOLOBUS Spruce.

Hetierranus (Nees) Schiffn.
Pocahontas: on decaying log at Cranberry Glades (Shel-
don, 3688).
168 THE WEST VIRGINIA FLORA.

O.

ODONTOSCHISMA Dum.

PROSTRATUM (Swartz) Trevis. (O. sphagni Dum. in Flora).

Monongalia: among mosses on sandstone boulder in deep
woods at Tibbs Run (Millspaugh, 1664; Andrews). Fay-
ette: near Nuttallburg (Nuttall).

. DENUDATUM ( Mart.) Dum.

Monongalia: decaying stumps and logs by Tibbs Run
(Andrews).

KANTIA S. F. Gray.

. TRICHOMANIS(L.)S. F. Gray. (Calypogeia trichomants Corda).

Tucker: on wet logs near Blackwater Falls (Afillspaugh,
993). Monongalia: on wet ground and on sandstone boulder
in deep woods at Tibbs Run (Millspaugh, 1599, 1666), and
on earth near Morgantown (Sheldon, 2765). Randolph:
on damp sand near Pickens (Millspaugh, 2207). Green-
brier: on earth at Fort Spring (Sheldon, 2728).

BAZZANIA 5S. F. Gray.

. DEFLEXA (Mart.) Underwood.

Monongalia: on sandstone boulder in deep woods at Tibbs
Run (Muillspaugh, 1661).

. TRILOBATA (L.) S. F. Gray.

Monongalia: on bole of tree and in wet depressions in
sandstone boulder in deep woods at Tibbs Run (Millspaugh,
1630, 1640; Sheldon, 630); and on rocks among mosses at
Dellslow (Sheldon, 2282). Grant: on wet Hemlock log near
Bayard (Millspaugh, 2010). Fayette: in deep woods near
Nuttallburg (Nuttall). Randolph: abundant on earth and
decaying logs at Cheat Bridge, and Preston: near Cranes-
ville (Sheldon, 2534, 1565).

. TRIANGULARIS (Schl.) Lindb.

Monongalia: on rocks by a brook near Tibbs Run (An-
drews). Randolph: on decaying logs at Cheat Bridge
(Sheldon, 2518).

LEPIDOZIA Dum.

. SYLVATICA Evans.

Monongalia: on ground near Tibbs Run (Andrews).

. REPTANS (L.) Dum.

Greenbrier: growing on earth near Durbin (Sheldon,
3788).
WEST VIRGINIA GEOLOGICAL ‘SURVEY 169

HERBERTIA S. F. Gray.
. ADUNCA (Dicks.) S. F. Gray.

Monongalia: on sandstone boulder in deep woods at Tibbs
Run (Muillspaugh, 1659).

PTILIDIUM Nees.

. PULCHERRIMUM (Web.) Hampe.

Preston: on decaying log near Cranesville; Monongalia :
on a fence rail near Morgantown, and Randolph: at Cheat
Bridge (Sheldon, 1536, 2830, 2515, 2520, 2521).

TRICHOCOLEA Dum.

. TOMENTELLA (Ehrh.) Dum.

McDowell: on roots in a rill near Elkhorn (Millspaugh,
1522a). Grant: on wet sand in a deep ravine near Bayard
(Millspaugh, 2040). Monongalia: on rocks in Tibbs Run
(Andrews).

DIPLOPHYLLUM Dum.

. TAXIFOLIUM (Wahl.) Dum. (Diplophylleia taxifolia Trev.).
Monongalia: on sandstone boulder in deep woods at Tibbs
Run (Muillspaugh, 1669).

SCAPANIA Dum.

. NEMoRosA (L.) Dum.

Monongalia: on damp sandstone boulder in deep woods
at Tibbs Run (Millspaugh, 1668), and on north side of a
bank at Sabraton (Sheldon, 2318). Randolph: on clay near
a spring at Pickens (Millspaugh, 2212), and on rocks in
a stream at Cheat Bridge (Sheldon, 2516). Grant: on wet
hemlock log in deep woods near Bayard (Millspaugh, 2011).
Greenbrier: on rocks along stream at Fort Spring, and on
limestone ledge at Durbin (Sheldon, 2726, 2526).

. UNDULATA (L.) Dum.

Randolph: on clay at the marge of a spring at Pickens
(Millspaugh). Preston: on stone in a brook by the road-
side between Cranesville and Albright, and on stones in a
spring at Cranesville (Sheldon, 1512, 1524).

RADULA Nees.
. XALAPENSIS Mont.

Mercer: on face of a limestone cliff at Beaver Spring
(Millspaugh, 1551).
. TENAX Lindb.

Monongalia: on sandstone boulder in deep woods at Tibbs
Run (Millspaugh, 1657). Grant: on bark of living Cherry
near Bayard (Millspaugh, 2060).
170 THE WEST VIRGINIA FLORA

STEPHANIA [kuntze.

S. COMPLANATA (L.) Kuntze. (Radula complanata Dum.).
Randolph: on tree trunk at Cheat Bridge (Sheldon, 2527).

BELLINCINIA Raddi.
B. Poretia (Dicks.) Kuntze. (Porella pinnata Schw.)
Fayette: on rocks in the mist of a fall near Gauley Bridge
(\illspaugh, 607).
B. pLatyPHYLLA (L.) Kuntze. (Porella platyphylla Lindb.).
Monongalia: on bark of living apple tree at \lorgantown:
on sandstone boulder in Tibbs Run; on tree trunks and
decaying logs west of Morgantown (Millspaugh, 1291, 1292,
1658; (Sheldon, 1620). Mercer: on oak log at Bluefield and
on limestone ledge at Beaver Spring (Millspaugh, 1448,
1530). Upshur: at French Creek; Preston: at Cranesville,
Greenbrier: at Durbin; Randolph: at Cheat Bridge (Shel-
don, 2069, 1546, 2264, 2519).

COLOLEJEUNEA Spruce.
C. BippLecomiae (Aust.) Evans.
Monongalia: on a ledge at Sturgisson, and Preston: on a
decaying log at Cranesville (Sheldon, 3282, 3426).

MICROLEJEUNEA Spruce.
M. Lucens (Taylor) Evans.
Between McDowell and Tazewell: on dripping limestone
along Horsepen Creek (Morris, 1116b).

LEJEUNEA Lindb.

L. cAvirotta (Ehrh.) Lindb.
Monongalia: a small form growing on rocks in Tibbs
Run (Andrews).
L. cucutiata N. ab E.

‘Randolph: ad rupes madidas in jugo Cheat \lountains
(Sullivant Musci. Allegh. 65).

CHEILOLEJEUNEA Spruce.
S. pHyLLonota (Nees & Mont.) Schiffn.?

Monongalia: on Sweet birch near Coopers Rock (Shel-
don, 3022).

HARPALEJEUNEA Spruce.
H. ovata (Hook.) Schiffn.
Monongalia: on stone at edge of brook at Oliver; ou
trunk of Sycamore growing in Quarry Run (Sheldon, 2916,
3021).
WEST VIRGINIA GEOLOGICAL SURVEY I71

JUBULA Dum.
J. PENNSYLVANICA (Steph.) Evans. (Jubula Hutchinsiae Sul-
livantiit Spr.).
Monongalia: on sandstone boulder in Tibbs Run, and
McDowell: on rocks in stream at Elkhorn (J/illspaugh,
1655, 1509).

FRULLANIA Raddi.
F. Asa-Grayana Mont.

Monongalia: on sandstone boulder in Tibbs Run (A/ills-
paugh, 1654). Randolph: clinging to face of dry sand-
stone boulder at Pickens; at Cheat Bridge (Willspaugh,
2206; Sheldon, 2524). Preston: rather common on trees
and rocks near Cranesville, and Monongalia: Lick Run; also
in Greenbrier: at Durbin and Ronceverte (Sheldon, 1564,
1214, 2262, 1070).

. SQUARROSA (R. Bl. & N.) Dum.

Upshur: at French Creek (Sicldon, 2094). Monongalia:
on trees by Deckers Creek and west of Morgantown (4n-
drews, Sheldon, 1259).

F. rtparta Hampe.
Monongalia: on trunk of Sugar maple at Lick Run (.Shel-
don, 2983).
PLANA Sulliv.
Fayette: near Nuttallburg (Nuttall).
F, EBORACENSIS Gottsche.

Monongalia: on trees near Deckers Creek, \lorgantown
(.dndrews). Greenbrier: on tree trunks at Durbin (Shel-
don, 1074).

F. Britronas Evans.

Monongalia: on trees near Cheat River by Ices Ferry,

and Preston: near Masontown (didrews).

hy

=

ARCHILEJEUNEA Spruce.

. CALYPEATA (Schw.) Schiffn. (Lejeunea calypeata Schw.).
Monongalia: on sandstone boulder in Tibbs Run (Mills-
paugh, 1656). Fayette: near Nuttallburg (Nuttall). Green-
brier: on rock and base of tree along a stream at Fort
Spring (Sheldon, 2720).

‘L

ANTHOCEROTACEAE.

NOTOTHYLAS Sulliv.
N. orpicuLarts (Schw) Sulliv.
Monongalia: edge of small pond and stream near Xor-
gantown; Marshall: banks of the Ohio River at \ounds-
172 THE WEST VIRGINIA FLORA

X

ville; Wayne: edge of brook in sandy soil near Ceredo
(Sheldon, 3518, 3921, 3888, 3900).

ANTHOCEROS Syn. Hep.

. LAEvis L.

Monongalia: abundant along side of road and bank near
Morgantown, and Greenbrier: on rocks along stream at Fort
Spring (Sheldon, 67, 2725). Wvoming: on dripping lime-
stone along the Guyandot River below Bailyville (Morris.
1221).

PUNCTATUS L.

Monongalia: in a gutter along a roadside in Morgantown

(Sheldon, 2577).
SPHAGNACEAE.
SPHAGNUM, L.

. IMBRICATUM AFFINE (R. & C.) Warnst.

Monongalia: at Tibbs Run and at Lick Run; Preston:
near Cranesville (Sheldon, 629, 3966, 1548).

. MAGELLANICUM Brid.

Preston: near Cranesville (Sheldon, 3457).

. RECURVUM Beauv.

Preston: near Cranesville; and Pocahontas: near Cran-
berry Glades (Sheldon, 1535, 3459, 3677, 3078).

. CYMBIFOLIUM, Ehrh.

Common in wet glades, and in deep wooded rills. Pres-
ton: Kingwood and Terra Alta. Webster: at Welsh, Long
and Collett’s Glades. Fayette: glade above Nuttallburg.
Randolph: in the spruce forests (Muillspaugh). Monon-
galia: Deckers Creek valley near Morgantown (Andrews).
Randolph: in Blister Swamp (Moore).

» CYMBIFOLIUM SQUARROSULUM Bry. Ger.

Monongalia: along Tibbs Run (Millspaugh, Andrews).

. GIRGENSOHNII Russ.

Boggy places. Pocahontas: Cranberry Glades (Sheldon).

. QUINQUEFARIUM (Braith.) Warnst.

Randolph: in Blister Swamp (Moore).
ANDREAEACEAE.
ANDREAEA Ehrh.

. RUPESTRIS Hedw.

Monongalia: on rocks at summit of ridge near Cheat View
(Andrews).
Musci.

DICRANACEAE.

PLEURIDIUM Brid.

. ALTERNIFOLIUM (Kaulf.) Rab.
Monongalia: ground on Dorseys Knob near Morgantown

(Andrews). Jefferson: near Harpers Ferry (Sullivant).

DITRICHUM Timm.
(Leptotrichum, Hampe.)

. PALLIDUM (Schreb.) Hampe. Trichostomum pallidum, Hedw.
Mercer: on ground, oak woods, Bluefield. McDowell: on

clay, open woods, Elkhorn. Monongalia: on clay of open

woods, Tibb’s Run (Muillspaugh, 1458, 1492, 1495, 1500,

1598). Fayette: near Nuttallburg (Nuttall). Pocahontas:

on fresh soil along a log road near Cranberry Glades (Shel-

don, 3743).

. TORTILE (Schrad.) Hampe.

Fayette: near Quinnimont (Pollard & Maxon, 105).

CERATODON, Brid.

>. PuRPUREUS (L.) Brid.

Monongalia: on dry sandstone boulder, Alorgantown;
Tibb’s Run (Millspaugh, 1390, 1633). Fayette: near Nut-
tallburg (Nuttall).

DICRANELLA, Schimp.

. HETEROMALLA (L.) Schimp.

Monongalia: on ground under rail fence, The Flats; on
wet coal entrance of coal pit, Georgetown; on ground in
woods, Tibb’s Run (Millspaugh, 1362, 1378, 1638). Fay-
ette: Nuttallburg (Nuttall).

. RUFESCENS (Tourn.) Schp.

Monongalia: valley of Deckers Creek near Lick Run
(Andrews).

. vaRIA (Hedw.) Schp.

Monongalia: near the road in the vicinity of Easton
(Andrews).
174 THE WEST VIRGINIA FLORA

RHABDOWEISIA Bry. Eu.
R. ruGAx (Hedw.) Br. & Sch.

On ledge and roots of various trees at McKinneys Cave
near Bretz, Monongalia; on a ledge near Coopers Rock,
and on a sandstone ledge at Tibbs Run (Sheldon, 4160,
3039, 4355).

DICRANUM, Hedw.
D. FLAGELLARE Hedw.

Aonongalia: on decayed oak log, Tibb’s Run (Millspaugh,

1593). Fayette: Nuttallburg (Nuttall).
D. scoparium (L.) Hedw.

Grant: on ground in damp woods, Bayard. Monon-
galia: on ground, the Flats; on decayed log, Georgetown;
loc. cit., Tibb’s Run. Mercer: in tufts at base of stump,
Bluefield, and on decayed log (Millspaugh, 1398, 1382, 1601,
1476, 1464). Fayette: near Nuttallburg (Nuttall).

D. ruLvum Hook.
Fayette: Nuttallburg (Nuttall).
D. Drummonpit Muell.

On the mountain between Barrenshe Creek and Dry Fork,
McDowell County, altitude 1,700 feet, August 6, 1900 (Mor-
ris, 1165).

D. Montanum Hedw.
Monongalia: decayed spot in a tree near Dellslow (d4n-
drews).
D, toncirotium Hedw.
Fayette: near Nuttallburg (Nuttall).
D. ruscescens Turn.
Randolph: near Cheat Bridge (Sheldon, 2538).

DICRANODONTIUM Br. & Sch.

D. pENupATUM (Brid.) E. G. B. (D. Virginicus E. G. B).
Monongalia: on sandstone boulder along a woodland path,
Tibb’s Run (Millspaugh, 1635). °
Plants bright glossy green, stems matted below by a red
tomentum, leafy nearly to apex, denudate roughened above,
with a few leaves at summit; leaves erect or secund, straight
or curled and twisted, often 5 mm. long, narrowly subulate
from a short, thick base, caducous ones with a long, slender,
smooth point; persistent ones serrate, blade inflexed cells
densely chlorophyllose, filled with oil globules, those of the
basal angles, clear. Dicecious, the antheridia terminal in
conspicuous heads, bracts brown at base, apex subulate,
serrate; pericheetial bracts 3 to 4 mm. long, from a short
base, suddenly subulate, dentate at apex; pedicels lateral by
WEST VIRGINI.\ GEOLOGICAL SURVEY 175

the growth of innovations, 13 to 2 cm. long, pale, glossy
yellow, twisted in two directions, very slender, arcuate when
young, becoming erect before capsules mature. Capsule
cylindric, ribbed only at the mouth, 14 to 2 mm. long, beak
straight or curved, shorter than the capsule, peristome bright
red, not deep set, teeth split unequally to middle, striolate at
base, pale and granulose above, annulus none, spores small,
calyptra cucullate, 2 mm. long, beaked, entire. Maturing in
summer.

Differs from European specimens of D. longirostre col-
lected by Seringe; in the longer, paler, more slender, scarcely
arcuate pedicels, longer capsules, peristome not deep set, and
teeth split only to the middle, more united than figured in
the Bryologia Europaea, Table 88. It may be distinguished
from Campylopus Virginicus, also remarkable for its cadu-
cous leaves, by the longer, more slender subulate point.
which is entire or minutely serrate and smooth on the back,
by the thick base, with inflexed blades, and by the shape of
the basal cells at the angles.

Monongalia, on sandstone boulder deep woods, Tuibb’s
Run (A/illspaugh, 1596). Campylopus fleruosus, Sull. not
Brid. D. Alillspaughii E.G. B

Plant slight yellowish green, silky, cespitose; stems mat-
ted with rufous tomentum at base, I to 3 cm. long, a few
denudate, roughened by the fragments of the slightly cadu-
cous leaves. Leaves secund or erect-spreading, 4 to 5 mm.
long, narrowly subulate from a broad base 1 to 13 mm.
lone becoming tubular above with inrolled margins, basal
angles not auricled, filled by large hyaline cells to the base
of the broad, brown vein, those of the blade oblong or
square next the vein becoming spindle-shaped and prosenchy-
matous toward the margin, vein thick, excurrent into a den-
tate slender tip, rough on back. Dicecious, perichztium
5 to 7 mm. long, bracts sheathing half their length, taper-
ing to a long, slender, obscurely serrate tip, outer shorter,
abruptly subulate, more sharply serrate; pedicels recurved.
burying the capsules among the leaves, becoming erect when
old, 5 to 8 mm. long, stout and twisted in two directions;
capsules pyriform-cylindric with a distinct neck, length
about I mm. without the lid, which is as long as the rest
of the capsule, with a straight beak, calyptra cucullate, entire ;
peristome red, connivent, teeth deep set, slender, split to
middle, or perforate to base, striolate below, ‘granulose
above; annulus none, mouth bordered hy a dense, dark rim.
Maturing in summer, old capsules persistent, not sulcate.

Differs from European specimens of D. longirostre in the
structure of the base of the leaf, lacking the suddenly in-
170 THE WEST VIRGINIA FLORA

flated basal auricles; differing also in the cells above the
base, teeth not split to base, occasionally only perforate.
From D. Virginicus it may be distinguished by the less
caducous leaves, shorter, stouter, more arcuate pedicels,
smaller capsules, and longer sheathing perichztium.

Through the kindness of Dr. Robinson I have been able
to compare these specimens with those collected by Sul-
livant on Grandfather Mt. in 1843. His also are fruiting,
and an excellent drawing is preserved, hence I am able to
assert that the specimens are almost identical. Sullivant’s
showing no naked stems, but many of the leaves are cadu-
cous. Dr. Braithwaite kindly compared the West Virginia
specimens with Campylopus pyriformis, sending me speci-
mens of this and the varjety Mulleri, and sketches of the
bases of the leaves. It is evident that Sullivant was mis
taken in referring his specimens to C. fleruosus, as they are
more closely allied to Dicranodontium longirostre, var. al-
pinus.

LEUCOBRYACEAE.

LEUCOBRYUM Hampe.
L. craucum (L.) Br. & Sch.
Monongalia: on ground in woods, The Flats (J/1lspaugh,
1399). Fayette: Nuttallburg (Nuttall).

FISSIDENTACEAE.

FISSIDENS, Hedw.
F, Minututus Sulliv.
Monongalia: on rocks in Aarons Run (Sheldon, 3934).
F. ostusirotrus Wils.
Monongalia: on walls of Lock No. 9, Monongahela River
* (Jennings).
F. apiantorpes (L.) Hedw.
Monongalia: on shaly rocks under cliff, Cassville (A/tlls-
paugh, 1423).
F. peciprens DeNot.
Fayette: near Nuttallburg (Nuttall).
F. suppasiLaris Hedw.
Summers: near Lowell (Pollard & Maron, 117). Up-
shur, on a tree trunk at French Creek (Siieldon, 2093).

ENCALYPTACEAAE.
ENCALYPTA Schreb.

E. srreprocarpa Hedw. (Lecrsia streptocarpa Lindb.).
Mercer: face dry limestone cliff, Beaver Spring (A/ills-
paugh, 1552); near Big Spring (Sullivant).
WEST VIRGINIA GEOLOGICAL SURVEY 177
POTTIACEAE.

DESMATODON Brid.
D. Porreri James.

Jackson: on sandstone rock near Ravenswood (Sheldon,
2388).

TORTULA, L.
T. muraAtis (L.) Hedw. Barbula muralis (L.) Trin.
Mercer: on sandstone ledge, Beaver Spring (Millspaugh,
1553).

TORTELLA C. M.

T. uumitis (Hedw.). B. caespitosa, Schwegr. Barbula humilis
Hedw.
Mercer: roots of oak, Bluefield (Millspaugh, 1447). Fay-
ette: Nuttallburg (Nuttall).
T. uncuicuLata (Huds.). Barbula unguiculata Hedw.
Greenbrier: on rocks along rill near Fort Spring; Monon-
galia: on Front Street curb stone and on stone pile in
South Park, Morgantown (Sheldon, 2803, 2051, 2279).
T. rortuosa (L.) Limpr. Barbula tortuosa W. & M.
Monongalia: in sand under boulder, Camp Eden (Mills-

paugh, 1395).

WEISIA Hedw.

W. viripuLa Hedw. (Molla viridula Lindb.).
McDowell: on ground, open woods, Elkhorn (Mullspaugh,
1496, 1497). Fayette: near Nuttallburg (Nuttall).

GRIMMIACEAE.

GRIMMIA Ehrh.

G. apocarpa (L.) Hew.
Monongalia: on rocks in Tibbs Run (Andrews).

RHACOMITRIUM Brid.

R. actcutare (L.) Brid.
Monongalia: at Tibbs Run (Andrews).

ORTHOTRICHACEAE.

DRUMMONDIA Hook, :

D. cLAvFLLATA Hook.
Monongalia: on a tree near Easton (Andrew's).
178 THE WEST VIRGINIA FLORA

ORTHOTRICHUM Hedw.
O. Porterr Aust.
Berkeley: on outcropping limestone near Martinsburg
(Sheldon, 2653).
O. Braun Br. & Sch. O. strangulatum, Beauv.
Monongalia: on bark living apple tree, Morgantown
(Millspaugh, 1288).
.O. OHIOENSE S. & L.
Fayette: near Nuttallburge (Nuttall).

ULOTA Brid.
U. Americana (P.B.) Mitt. (U. Hutchinsiae Schp.).
Weissia Americana Lindb. Monongalia: on dry sand-
stone boulder at Camp Eden (Millspaugh, 1390), and on
rocks in Tibbs Run (Andrews). Fayette: near Nuttallburg.
(Nuttall).
U. uLopuytia (Ehrh.) Broth. (IVeisia ulophylla Ehrh.)
Fayette: near Nuttallburg (Nuttall).
U. Lupwier Brid.

Greenbrier: on trunk of Birch near Durbin, and Poca-
hontas, at Cranberry Glades (Sheldon, 1044, 3673).

FUNARIACEAE.

EPHEMERUM Hpe.

E. CRASSINERVIUM (Schwegr.) Cen.
Inundated lands along the Kanawha River (Sullivant).

FUNARIA Schreb.
F, wycrometica (L.) Sibth.

Monongalia: in soil on sandstone boulder, Tibb’s Run
(Miilspaugh, 1615, 1617). Fayette: near Nuttallburg (Nutt-
all).

Var patuta Br. & Sch.

Monongalia: on rocks lining a spring, the Flats; in cinders

of an old camp fire, Camp Eden (Millspaugh, 1376, 1293).
F. FLAvIcANS Michw.

Monongalia: on damp sand in a ‘‘burning,” Little Falls;

loc. cit., Morgantown (A/illspaugh, 1277, 1339).

APHANORRHEGMA Sull.
A. SERRATUM (Hook. & Wils.) Sulliv.
Monongalia: Roadside leading from North Front Street,
and south side of Deckers Creek at the mouth of Aarons
Run, Morgantown (Sheldon, 2689, 3973, 4314).
WEST VIRGINIA GEOLOGICAL SURVEY 179

PHYSCOMITRIUM Brid.
P. pyRIrorME (L.) Brid.
Monongalia: cn top of soil of field that had been ploughed
and harrowed only eight days before, Morgantown; on
ground marshy spot, Dille’s (Millspaugh, 1278, 1403).

BRYACEAE.

.POHLIA Hedw.

P. nutans (Schreb.) Lindb.

On decaying wood and on soil. Monongalia: near Mor-
gantown (4948); Preston: near Cranesville (1525, 3458):
near Terra Alta (3472); Preston: at McKinney’s Cave
near Bretz (4074); Preston: near Oak Park (4067, 4984)
(all numbers Sheldon).

MNIOBRYUM Schimp.

M. atpicans (Wahl.) Limpr..
Monongalia: edge of stream near Oliver (Sheldon, 2921).

BRYUM L.
B. srmMum Schreb.

Monongalia: on shale under ledge, Cassville (Muillspaugh,
1424).

B. ARGENTEUM L.

Monongalia: fissures between bricks of walks, Morgan-
town (A/illspaugh, 1335). Fayette: near Nuttallburg (Nutt-
all).

B. INTERMEDIUM Brid.

Monongalia: near Morgantown, Middle Ferry and Lick
Run (Sheldon, 167, 169, 1268, 2340, 3957). Dr. Grout pro-
nounces 2340 not typical.

B. PSEUDOTRIQUETRUM (Hedw.) Schwaeger?

Monongalia: on railroad bank at Sturgisson (Sheldon,

186).
Dee referred by Dr. Grout.
B. pROLIFERUM (L.) Sibth. (B. roseum Schreb.)

Mercer: on roots of Oak ‘near Bluefield; McDowell: on
decayed wood at Elkhorn (Millspaugh, 1449, 1502), and
along Horsepen Creek (Morris, 1119).

B. CAPILLARE L.

Monongalia: at Quarry Run (Andrews).
B. CAESPITICIUM L.

Monongalia: near Dry Run (Andrews).
180 THE WEST VIRGINIA FLORA

LEPTOBRYUM, Wils.
PYRIFORME (L.) Wils. (Bryum pyriforme, Hedw.)
Monongalia: on sandstone boulder, Tibb’s Run (Mills-
paugh, (1616, 1633).
MNIACEAE,

AINIUX Linn.,

. MARGINATUM (Dicks.) Beauv.

Monongalia: on rocks near Dellslow (Sheldon, 3209).

. AFFINE Bland.

Monongalia: near Dry Run (Andrews).

. CUSPIDATUM Hedw. (Astrophyllum sylvaticum Lindb).

Monongalia: on soil at Morgantown; on a dry boulder by
Cheat River, and on a stone in a swampy spot at Dille’s
(Millspaugh, 1359, 1397, 1583). Fayette: near Nuttallburg
(Nuttall).

. ROSTRATUM Schrad. (Astrophyllum rostratuim Lindb.)

Grant: on wet logs at Bayard; Monongalia: on decayed
wood at the Flats; McDowell: on roots in a rill near Elk-
horn (Millspaugh, 1377, 1523).

. PUNCTATUM (L.) Hedw. (Astrophyilum punctatum Schreb.)

Fayette: near Nuttallburg (Nuttall).

. HORNUM L. (Astrophyllum hornum Lindb.)

Monongalia: on sand in a rill at Tibbs Run (Willspaugh,
1604.) Fayette: near Nuttallburg (Nuttall).

AULACOMNIACEAE.
AULACOMNIUM Schw.

. HETEROSTICHUM Br. & Sch. (Sphaerocephalus Britt. m.)

AMonongalia: on coal, entrance to coal pit, Georgetown:
hanging from sandstone boulder, Tibb’s Run, Camp Eden
(1392); on rocky ledge, Cassville. McDowell: on sandy
bank of rill, Elkhorn (Afillspaugh, 1319, 1607, 1414, 1520).
Fayette: near Nuttallburg (Nuttall).

BARTRAMIACEAE.

BARTRAMIA Hedw.

POMIFORMIs (L.) Hedw.

AMlereer: on bole dead tree, Bluefield. Monongalia: on
sandstone boulder, deep woods, Tibb’s Run (Millspaugh,
1609). Fayette: near Nuttallburg (Nuttall). On ground,
Greenbrier Co., Kate’s Mountain, alt. 3.300 ft. (Small &
Vail).
WEST VIRGINIA GEOLOGICAL SURVEY 181

Var crispa (Sw.) Schimp.
ee on rock ledge, Cassville (Jfillspaugh, 1417.
1418).
PHILONOTIS Brid.
P. FoNTtANA (L.) Brid.
Mercer: on sandstone ledge in rill, Beaver Spring (1/ills-
paugh, 1561).

WEBERACEAE.

WEBERA Ehrh.
\WV. PROLIGERA (Lindb.) Kindb.
Monongalia: near Lick Run (Andrews).
\W. SEssILis (Schm.) Lindb. (Diphyscium foltosum Mohr.)
Fayette: near Nuttallburg (Nuttall).

BUXBAUMIACEAE.

BUNBAUMIA Haller
B. APHYLLA Linn.
Fayette: near Nuttallburg (Nuttall).

GEORGIACEAE.

GEORGIA Ehrh.

G. peLLUcIDA (L.) Rabenh. Tetraphis pellucida, Hedw.
Monongalia: on sandstone boulder, Tibb’s Run (J/ills-
paugh, 1606, 1610, 1634).

POLYTRICHIACEAE,

POGONATUM Palis.

P. BREVICAULE Beauv. (Polytrichuin tenne Menz.)

North slopes on Road Run, Wyoming County, August 12,

1900 (Morris, 1176). Monongalia: roadside bank near Mor-

gantown, and on ground at Tibb’s Run (Millspaugh, 1612).
Fayette: near Nuttallburg (Nuttall).

POLYTRICHUM L.
P. commune L.
Preston: on ground in open woods, Terra Alta (!ills-
paugh).
P. OutoenseE, Ren. & Card. P. formosum, Sull. not Hedw.
Monongalia: on ground, Morgantown; a large form on
ground Tibb’s Run; an extremely small form, with minute
capsules on sandstone boulder, loc. cit: Mercer: on ground
182 THE WEST VIRGINIA FLORA

in oak woods, Bluefield (Millspaugh, 1536, 1600, 1611,
1453). Grant: on decayed logs, Bayard. Fayette: near
Nuttallburg (Nuttall).
P. PILIFERUM, Schreb.
‘Monongalia: on bare sandstone ledge, Falling Run (Mills-

paugh, 1299).

CATHARINAEA, Ehrh.
C. ancustata, Brid. Atrichum angustatum, Br. & Sch.
Monongalia, on ground in marshy spot, Morgantown.
Mercer: rocks in rill, Beaver Spring (Millspaugh, 1406,
1495). Fayette: near Nuttallburg (Nuttall).
C. unpuLata (L.) Web. & Mohr. Atrichuin undulatum, Beauv.
Monongalia: on ground in marshy spot, Morgantown.
AIcDowell: on roots in stream, Elkhorn (Millspaugh, 1404,
1522). Fayette, near Nuttallburg (Nuttall).

HEDWIGIACEAE.

HEDWIGIA Ehrh.
Hi. crtrata Ehrh.
Monongalia: on dry exposed boulders and rocks at The
Flats (Millspaugh, 1400). Fayette: near Nuttallburg (Nutt-
all).
H. cILIATA SECUNDA Schp.
Monongalia: nicely fruited specimens with varietal char-
acters well marked on rocks in Tibbs Run, and on boulders
near Dry Run (Andrews).

FONTINALACEAE.

FONTINALIS Dill.

F, DALEcARLICA Bry. Eu.
Monongalia: along Tibbs Run (Andrews).

CLIMACIACEAE.

CLIMACIUM W. & M.

C. Amertcanum Brid.
Monongalia: on a moist sandstone ledge near Cassville
(Millspaugh, 1413).
C. AmertcAnum Kinpperet R. & C.
Preston: in glades near Masontown (Andrews).
WEST VIRGINIA GEOLOGICAL SURVEY 183

LEUCODONTACEAE.

LEUCODON, Schwaeger.
. JULACEuS (Hedw.) Sull.

Mercer: on limestone ledge, Beaver Springs; McDowell:
on rocks in rill, Elkhorn; Monongalia: on oak log, Tibb’s
run (Millspaugh, 1532, 1508, 1590).

. BRACHYPuS Brid.
Grant: on wet rotten log, Bayard (Millspaugh, 937).

NECKERACEAE.

NECKERA Hedw.
. PENNATA (L.) Hedw.

Tucker: on tree trunks, Blackwater Falls (Millspaugh,
965). Fayette: near Nuttallburg (Nuttall).

LEPTODON Mohr.
. TRICHOMITRION (Hedw.) Mohr.

Monongalia: on a tree near the river at Ices Ferry; and
Preston: near Masontown (Andrews).

THAMNIUM Bry. Eu.

. ALLEGHENIENSE (C.M.) Bry. Eu.
Monongalia: near Tibbs Run (Andrews).

FABRONIACEAE.

ANACAMPTODON Brid.
. SPLACHNOIDES (Frol.) Brid.

Monongalia: in a knot hole of an apple tree at Lick Run
(Sheldon, 3337).
. APIcULATUS Br. & Sch. :

Pocahontas: on trunk of Beech at Cranberry Glades
(Sheldon, 3721).

ENTODONTACEAE,

PLATYGYRIUM Bry. Eu.
REPENS (Brid.) Br. & Sch. (Entodon palatinus Lindb.)
Monongalia: on a decaying log near Morgantown (Shel-
don, 175). Monongalia: on decayed log, Tibbs Run (Miils-
paugh, 1603). Fayette: near Nuttallburg (Nuttall).
T84 THE WEST VIRGINIA FLORA

ENTODON C. M.
E. sepuctrix (Hedw.) C. Muell. (Cylindrothecium Sull.).
Monongalia: on bark living apple tree, Morgantown;
on bark in oak woods, Bluefield (A/illspaugh, 1290, 1450).
Fayette: near Nuttallburg (Nuttall).
E. CLADORRHIZANS (Hedw.) C. Muell. (Cylindrotheciuim Schimp.)
Mercer: on decayed log, damp place, Bluefield (Mills-
paugh, 1489). Fayette: near Nuttallburg (Nuttall).

PYLAISIA Br. & Sch.
P. veLutina Br. & Sch.
Monongalia: on bark living apple tree, Morgantown
(Millspaugh, 1289).
P. intricata (Hedw.) Bry. Eu.
Monongalia: trees near Cheat River and Deckers Creek

(Andrews).
HOOKERIACEAE.

HOOKERIA Smith.

H. Suttivanti C.M.
Monongalia: at Tibbs Run (Andrews).

IES KE-ALC EAE,

MYURELLA Bry. Eu.

M. cracitis (Weinm.) Lindb.
Monongalia: on a ledge near Sabraton (Sheldon, 3283)

LESKEA Hook,
L. GRACILESCENS Hedw.

Pocahontas: on a tree trunk near Seebert (Sheldon,
3618).

L. potycarpa Ehrh.

Monongalia: on trunk of Poplar near Engine Works:
and Preston: on trunk of apple tree near Albright (Shel-
don, 2390, 3365).

L. opscura Hedw.
Monongalia: base of tree near Morgantown (Andrews).

THELIA Sull.

T. HIRTELLA (Hedw.) Sull.
McDowell: on bark living Beech, Elkhorn (Millspaugh,

1493).
A,

WESYP VIRGINIA GEOLOGICAL SURVEY 185

. ASPRELLA (Schim.). Sull.

Mercer: on bole living Cornus florida, Beaver Spring
(Millspaugh, 1535).

ANOMODON Hook. & Tayl.
ROSTRATUS (Hedw.). Schimp.

Monongalia: on dry boulder, The Flats; loc. cit., Camp
Eden. Mercer: on sandstone ledge in rill, Beaver Spring;
on bole living Oak. Bluefield (\fillspaugh, 1365, 1391, 1555,
1456, 1536). Fayette: Nuttallburg (Nuttall) ; Ronceverte
(Pringle).

. ATTENUATUS (Schreb.), Huebn.

AMonongalia: on dry boulder, The Flats. Mercer: com-
pletely covering large limestone ledges in open woods,
Beaver Spring ae retel: 1363, 1367, 1531).

. OBTUSIFOLIUS Br. & Sch

\fonongalia: base of tree near Decker’s Creek, Morgan-
town (Andrews).

THUIDIUM Br. & Sch.

. VIRGINIANUM Lindb.

Monongalia: on a rock near Mont Chateau (Sheldon,
1529).

. MICROPHYLLUM (Sw.) Best.

Monongalia: on a decaying log near Morgantown; Pres-
ton: along a path and roadside in the woods near McKinneys
Cave, Bretz (Sheldon, 3885, 4173, 4176).

. MINUTULUM (Hedw.) Br. & Sch

Summers: near Lowell (Pollard & Maxon, 118).

T. RECOGNITUM (Hedw.) Lindb. T. delicatulum, Br. & Sch.

A.

Grant: on decayed logs. Bayard. Monongalia: on dry
boulder, The Flats; Tibbs Run; on decayed logs, George-
town. Mercer: on sandstone ledge, Beaver Springs; on bole
dead tree; loc. cit., Bluefield (Muillspaugh, 1366, 1608, 1382,
1544, 1477, 1510). Fayette: near Nuttallburg (Nuttall) ;
near Quinnimont (Pollard & Maxon, 111).

scituM (Beauv.) Aust.
Monongalia: on rocks along Tibbs Run (Andrews).

HY PNACAE.

AMBLYSTEGIUM Br. & Sch.
ADNATUM Hedw.
A[cDowell: on flat stone in deep woods, Elkhorn (Mills-
paugh, 1498).
186 THE WEST VIRGINIA FLORA

A. sERPENS (L.) Br. & Sch.

Monongalia: on wet rotten log, Granville; on twigs in
rill, Dille’s. McDowell: on pebble in deep woods, Elkhorn
(Millspaugh, 1298, 1402, 1519).

A. ORTHOCLADON (Beauv.) Aust. (A. serpens orthocladon Aust.)

. Monongalia: on rocks lining a spring, The Flats. Mer-

cer: on wet limestone ledge, Beaver Spring (Millspaugh,
1375, 1358).

A. varium (Hedw.) Lindb. (A. radicale Br. & Sch.)

Monongalia: on rocks lining a spring, The Flats; on wet
rocks in stream, Cassville. Mercer: on limestone ee
Beaver Spring; on decayed log, Bluefield. McDowell:
top of stump in dark, deep woods, Elkhorn (ielspaigh
1374, 1421, 1533, 1488, 1536, 1521).

A. irricuum (Hook. & Wils.) Br. & Sch.

Mercer: on sandstone ledge in rill, Beaver Spring. Mon-
ongalia: on rocks in rill, Tibbs Run (Millspaugh, 1556,
1559, 1592).

A. ripariuM (L.) Br. & Sch.
Monongalia: on stone in stream, Falling Run. McDowell.
loc., cit. Elkhorn (Millspaugh, 1334, 1512).
A, FLUVIATILE (Sw.) Br. & Sch.
Fayette: near Quinnimont (Pollard & Maron, 110).
A. JURATSKANUM Schimp.

Monongalia: on bark of decaying log south of Morgan-

town (Sheldon, 1352).

CAMPYLIUM Mitt.

C. uispiputuM (Brid.) Mitt. (Typnum hispidulum Brid.)

Mercer: on ground in oak woods near Bluefield (.J7ills-
paugh 1452).

C. CHRYSOPHYLLUM (Brid.) Britt.m.

Greenbrier: on the ground on Kates Mountain, alt. 3,300
ft. (Small & Vail). Mercer: on a decayed log in damp
place (Afillspaugh, 1490, 1491). Monongalia: on old beech
log, Morgantown; Mercer: on ground, Beaver Spring.
(Millspaugh, 1405, 1536).

C. TENELLUM L. & J.

Mercer: on bole of dead tree and on log in moist place

near Bluefield (Milispaugh, 1479, 1491).

PLAGIOTHECIUM Br. & Sch.
P. DENTICULATUM (L.) Bry. Eu.
Fayette: near Nuttallburg (Nuttall).
P. DENTICULATUM DENSUM, Br. & Sch.
Monongalia: on sandstone boulder, Tibbs Run (Mills-
paugh, 1642).
WEST VIRGINIA GEOLOGICAL SURVEY 187

P. SuLLIVANTIAE Schimp.
Monongalia: on sandstone boulder in deep woods, Tibbs
Run (Altllspaugh, 1618).
P. STRIATELLUM (Brid.) Lindb.
Preston: on a ledge at \[cKinneys Cave (Sheldon, 4172).
P. MICANS (Sw.) Paris.
Pocahontas: on a rock at Cranberry Glades (Sheldon,
3722).
P? sytvaticum Br. & Sch.
Pocahontas: on a decaying log at Cranberry Glades (Shel-
don, 3793).
. TURFACEUM Lindb.
Preston: on a decaying log near Cranesville (Sheldon,
3452).

HYLOCOMIUM Bry. Eu.*
H. rucosum (L.) DeNot.
Greenbrier: on ground on Kate’s Mountain, alt. 3,300 ft.
(Small & Vail).
H. BrevirostrumM (Ehrh.) Bry. Eu.
Monongalia: not uncommon in deep brook ravines near
Tibbs and Quarry Runs, fruiting at the latter (Andrews).

‘ HYPNUM Linn.*

H. patrirentar Lindb.
A\Ionongalia: on wet rocks along a small stream near
Morgantown (Sheldon, 2312).
H. ScHREBERI Willd. (Aylocomium parictinium (L.) Lindb.)
Monongalia: on ground in shade of hemlocks at Laurel
Hills (lfillspaugh, 1645).
H. DENTICULATUM, L.
Monongalia: on walls of dark dripping limestone cave,
Cheat river; on stone in swampy place, Morgantown; on
sandstone boulder, and on pebbles in stream, Tibb’s Run
(Millspaugh, 1405, 1614).
H. PALUSTRE. ?
Monongalia: on stone in marshy spot, Morgantown; on
rocks under a fall Cassville (\7illspaugh, 1584, 1422).
H. motte, Dicks.
Monongalia: on stone in marshy place, Dille’s (J/1/Is-
paugh, 1584).
* These genera have been entirely revised by Brotherus, in
Engler and Prantl. Having no access to an index to the species
I have made no attempt to replace the species in accordance
therewith. C. F. M.
188 THE WEST VIRGINIA FLORA

H.

eos ft

oy

PROLIFERUM L. H. splendens, Hedw.

Randolph: in dense spruce forests, where it carpets al-
most everything beneath the trees, Cheat Bridge. Grant:
notul. idem., Bayard (Muillspaugh).

. RUTABULUM L.

Monongalia: on rocks in rill, Tibb’s Run (Millspaugh,
1591).

. HaALDANIANUM Grev.

Fayette: near Quinnimont (Pollard & Maxon, 115).

. REPTILE Rich.

Monongalia: on ground near Tibbs Run (Andrews).

. UNCINATUM Hedw.

Monongalia; at Quarry Run (Andrews).

. TREQUETRUM (L.) Br. & Sch.

_ Monongalia: on ground, shade of hemlocks, Laurel Hil!s
(Millspaugh, 1649).

. MIcROCARPUM C. Muell.

Monongalia: on bark of hemlock tree, Cheat River (Mills-
paugh, 1389).

. HIANS Hedw.

Mercer: on damp, decayed bark, Bluefield (Mil/spaugh,
1840). Fayette: along Loup Creek (James).

. DEMISSUM Wils. Rhynchostegium demissum, Br. & Sch.

Monongalia: on stones in rill, Tibb’s Run, and on wet
rocks (Millspaugh, 1619, 1595).

. PLUMOosuM Huds. Brachythecium salebrosum, Bry & Sch.

Fayette: near Nuttallburg (Nuttall).
PTILIUM DeNot.

. CRISTA-CASTRENSE (L.) DeNot. Hypnum. crista-castrense, L..

Plentiful on ground, rocks, logs, etc., in the dense spruce
forests. Grant: near Bayard. Randolph: near Cheat
Bridge (Mullspaugh).

STEREODON Mitt.

IMPONENS (Hedw.) Brid. '  Hypnum imponens, Hedw.
Monongalia: on decayed log, Georgetown; loc. cit., Tibb’s
Run. (Millspaugh, 1381, 1602) Fayette: near Nuttallburg

(Nuttall).

CUPRESSIFORMIS (L.) Brid.” - A. cupressiforme L.
Mercer: on damp decayed log, Bluefield (J/tllspaugh,

1487).

cuRVIFOLIUS (Hedw.) Brid. A. curvifolium Hedw.

Monongalia: on decayed oak, Little Falls; near Mor-
gantown; near Georgeton; near Cassville; on ground,
Georgetown. McDowell: on decayed log, Elkhorn. Mercer:
WEST VIRGINIA GEOLOGICAL SURVEY 189

loc. cit., Bluefield, and Beaver Spring (Millspaugh, 1276,

1344, 1380, 1420, 1382, 1517, 1485, 1491). Fayette: near

Nuttallburg (Nuttall).

. RECURVANS (Schwaeger) Broth. (Hypnum Schwaeg.).
Tucker: on decayed logs, etc., at Blackwater Falls; Mc-

Dowell: on same at Elkhorn; Monongalia: on the bole of

a tree at Tibbs Run (Millspaugh, 990, 991, 992, 1499, 1507).

SEMATOPHYLLACEAE.,

RHAPHIDOSTEGIUM DeNot.

. CaroLintanum (C. M.) J. & S.

Monongalia: at Tibb’s Run, on rock at Quarry Run, on
ledge at Burnt House (Sheldon, 553, 3031, 4236). Preston:
on wet rock at McKinneys Cave, Bretz (Sheldon, 4168).

R. CaROLINIANUM ADMIXTUM (Sull.) J. & S.

Monongalia: on a ledge at Burnt House (Sheldon, 4235).

R. Marytanpicum (C. M.) J. & S.

Randolph: on a rock in a small stream near Cheat Bridge
(Sheldon, 2572).
. CYLINDROCARPUM (C. M.) Kindb.
Monongalia: on decayed wood near Quarry Run (An-

BRACHYTHECIACEAE.

BRACHYTHECIUM Bry. Eu.

. ACUMINATUM (Hedw.) Kindb.
On tree trunk Monongalia: near Marilla (Sheldon, 1417).
. PLuMosuM (Sw.) Br. & “Sch.
Monongalia: on wet ledge along Deckers Creek opposite
Marilla (Sheldon, 4003, 4999).
. DIGASTRUM C. M. & K.
Monongalia: on decayed log, Lick Run (Sheldon, 3968)
. LUTEUM (Brid.) Bry. Eu.
Monongalia: on ground near Quarry Run (.4udrews).
. RIVULARE (Bruch.) Bry. Eu.
Monongalia: on ground near Quarry Run (dAudrews).

RHYNCHOSTEGIUNI Mitt.

. RUSCIFORME B. & S. ‘

Along Horsepen Creek, McDowell County, July 31,
1900 (Morris, 1117). Fayette: near Quinnimont (Pollard
& Maron, 109).

. SERULATUM (Hedw.) Jaeg.
Monongalia: on ground about Morgantown (Andrec's).
1go THE WEST VIRGINIA FLORA

CIRRIPHYLLUM Grout.

C. Bosc (Schw.) Grout.
Monongalia: at Morgantown, and on ledge near Burnt
House (Sheldon, 1270, 4230).

HOMALOTHECIELLA (Card.) Broth.

H. supcapittata (Hedw.) Card.
Randolph: on tree trunk near Cheat Bridge (Sheldon,
2512).

OPHIOGLOSSACEAE.

OPHIOGLOSSUM, L.

O. vuLcatum L. Adder’s Tongue.
Wet meadows and woods. Gilmer: near Glenville
(\fapel).

BOTRYCHIUM, Sw.

B. tERNATUM (Thunb.) Sw. Moon-wort.

Dry woods. Monongalia, Marion, Preston: in Laurel
hills. Grant: near Bayard (Millspaugh). Gilmer: near
Glenville (Mapel). Fayette: near Nuttallburg, glades, alt.
2,000 ft (Nuttall). Preston: near Aurora (Mr. & Mrs.
Steele).

B. SILAIFOLIUM Presl. (B. ternatum australe D. C, Eaton).

Grassy places. Monongalia: on the campus near Mor-
gantown (Millspaugh).

B. MATRICARIAE (Schrank) Spreng.
Rich opens. McDowell: near Elkhorn (Aillspaugh).
B. opLtrguum Muh.

Fayette: near Nuttallburg, dry opens, alt. 2,000 ft. (Nutt-
all), Ohio: hills back of Wheeling (Mertz & Guttenberg).
Monongalia: on the campus near Morgantown (AJfills-
paugh).

B. pISsECTUM Spreng.

Glades. Fayette: near Nuttallburg, alt. 2,000 ft. (Nutt-
all). Monongalia: on the campus near Morgantown (Mills-
paugh).

B. VrrctntAnum (L.) Sw. “Indicator.”

Rich woods. Grant: near Bayard. Randolph: on Rich
Mountains. Monongalia: Cheat River near Camp Eden.
Gilmer: near Glenville. Jackson: near Ripley, where it
is often called “Indicator” as its growth is thought to in-
dicate the presence of Ginseng in the locality (Millspaugh).
Pteridophyta.

FiLd CES,

POLYPODIUM, L.

P. vutcarE L. Common Polypody.

Common on mossy rocks and in rocky woods. Kanawha:
near Charleston (Barnes) ; near Coalburg (James). Gilmer:
near Glenville (Mapel). Fayette: near Nuttallburg (Nutt-
all). Grant: near Bayard and along Buffalo Creek. \Ion-
ongalia: along Cheat River. Tucker: along Beaver Creek
and Blackwater. Randolph: on Rich and Cheat Mountains
(\illspaugh) ; near Whitmar (Greenman, 30); Greenbrier:
near White Sulphur Springs. Summers: near Hinton
McDowell: near Elkhorn (Millspaugh).

P. VULGARE DECEPTUM Maxon, Proc. Nat. Mus., 23 :628 (1901).
Rhizoma slender, extensively creeping, covered thickly
with spreading chaff; stipe 5 to 8 inches long, greenish to
stramineous; laminae very dark green above, lighter be-
low, 7 to 11 inches long, 23 to 4 inches broad; pinnae distant
from once to twice their width, broadest in the middle and
tapering to an acute apex, the margin doubly crenate ot
occasionally nearly entire, the base broadly decurrent, veins
sinuous and prominent in drying, the veinlets usually fork-
ing twice; tip of lamina long acuminate, as in P. falcatum;
sori very large, Often irregularly disposed.

Type in the U. S. National Herbarium, Smithsonian In-
stitution, collected by E. L. Morris, No. 1215, on rocks.
along the Guyandotte River below Baileysville, Wyoming
County, W. Va., alt. 1,n00-1,250 feet, August 13-19, 1900.
This fern has already. been briefly characterized by Dr.
Millspaugh as Polypodium wulgare forma biserrata (sic).
The name biserratum being already preoccupied by a
Mexican fern it becomes necessary, in referring to the
West Virginian plant, to substitute a new name. “In addi-
tion I would refer here Mr. Morris’ 1207 collected near
the type station; also Pollard & Maxon’s No. 25. collectea
Aug. 21, 1899, at Quinnimont, W. Va., which I have pre-
viously referred tentatively to the variety acutiin Moore.
From acutum it differs in the narrower and more spatulate
pinnae, and commonly in the double crenation, for acutuin
is normally. with entire, or at most slightly serrulate, pinnae.
Ig2 THE WEST VIRGINIA FLORA

Mr. Morris states that typical vulgare was common in the
general region; from this it differs in its much greater size,
its scantier foliage, and in the shape of the pinnae. There
are in the National Herbarium at least two specimens, col-
lected in West Virginia and North Carolina, which with
plants collected at Great Falls, Fairfax County, Va., by
William Palmer, are to be regarded as intermediate with
typical vulgare, mossy boulders along the Blackwater Fork
of Cheat Rivér (Millspaugh).
P. potypopioipes (Linn.) Hitch. Polypodium incanum Sw.
Rocks and tree trunks. Fayette: near Hawk’s Nest (Por-
ter) ; opposite Gauley (Eggleston, 5525). Wirt: near Burn-
ing Springs (Mertz).

CHEILANTHES, Sw.

" C. Lanosa (Michx.) Watt. C. vestita (Spreng.) Sw.

Rocky places, Jefferson: near Harper’s Ferry (jferts &
Guttenberg).

C. Freer Moore. : C. lanuginosa, Nutt.

Cliffs. Fayette: near Kanawha Falls (James).
C. roMENTOSA Link,

Grant: on the rocks of a high cliff at Peters Gap (4. B.
Brooks).

PELLAEA, Link.
P. arropurpPureA (L.) Link. Cliff Brake.

Dry rocks. Fayette: near Nuttallburg, rare (Nuttall).
Mercer: near Beaver Spring on exposed ledges, plentiful
(Millspaugh).

PTERIDIUM Scop.
P. aguittnum (L.) Kuhn. Brake or Bracken.

Thickets and hillsides. Common throughout. Upshur:
at School-house Summit. Webster: in Upper Glade (Mills-
paugh). Kanawha: near Coalburg and Charleston (Jamies).
Fayette: near Nuttallburg (\'wttall).

ADIANTUM, L.
A. pEpATUM, L. Maiden Hair Fern.

Rich moist woods. Common throughout the State
(Millspaugh). Preston: near Aurora (Mr. & Ars. Steele).

ASPLENIUM, L.

A, PINNATIFIDUM Nutt. Spleenwort.
Cliffs and rocks. Jefferson: near Harper's Ferry (J/erts
& Guttenberg). Monongalia: near Dellslow (Sheldon,
301). Fayette: near Nuttallburg, in clefts of boulders, rare
(Nuttall).
WEST VIRGINIA GEOLOGICAL SURVEY 193

. TRICHOMANES, L.

Shaded cliffs. Wirt: near Burning Springs. Nicholas:
along Peter Creek, Fayette: near Nuttallburg (Nuttall)
Preston: near Aurora (Ar. & Ars. Steele); and along the
Gauley River. Kanawha: near Coalburg (James). Gilmer:
near Glenville. Greenbrier: near White Sulphur Springs
(\illspaugh, Eggleston 5517).

. TRICHOMANES INcISUM Moore.
Summers: hills above Hinton (Eggleston, 5565).

A. PLATYNEURON (L.) Oakes. (4. ebenuim, Ait.)

Frequent in rocky open woods. Kanawha: near Charles-
ton (Barnes). Fayette: near Nuttallburg (Nuttall).
Wirt: near Burning Springs (Aftdlspaugh). Greenbrier:
near White Sulphur Springs (Eggleston, 5515). Preston
near Aurora (Mr. & Mrs. Steele).

. MONTANUM, Willd.

Cliffs and rocks. Fayette: near Hawk’s Nest (Porter)
(see Meehan’s Monthly, Aug., 1892, plate); near Nuttall.
burg, alt., 2,000 ft. (.Vuttall). Jefferson: near Harper's
Ferry. Randolph: near Helvetia (J/erts & Guttenberg).
Grant: near Bayard. Monongalia: on boulders along Tibb’s
Run, plentiful (A/illspaugh).

. ANGUSTIFOLIUM Michx.

Rich woods. Ohio: near Wheeling (Aferts & Guttenberg).
Preston: near Aurora (J/r. & Mrs. Steele). Fayette: near
Nuttallburg (Nuttall).

ATHYRIUM Roth.

. THELYPTEROIDES (Michx.) Desv. (Asplenium Michx).
Rich woods. Kanawha: near Charleston (James). Fay-
ette: near Nuttallburg (Nuttall). Preston: near Aurora
(Mr. & Jlrs. Stecle). Jefferson: near Harper’s Ferry
(Merts & Guttenberg).
. FILix-FoEMINA (L.) Roth. (Asplenium L.).
Randolph: at Glady (Greenman, 32). Moist woods. Gil-
mer: near Glenville (A/apel). Fayette: near Nuttallbure
(Nuttall). Ohio: near Wheeling (J/erts & Guttenberg).
Tucker: near the Falls of Blackwater (A/ilspaugh). Pres-
ton: near Aurora (J/r. & Ars. Steele).
. FILIX-FOEMINA PECTINATUM (\Vall.)
Rich black soil. Tucker: Falls of the Blackwater (/ills-
paugh).
CAMPTOSORUS, Link.
. RHIZOPHYLLUS (L.), Link. Walking Fern. Walking Leaf.
Shaded rocks and conglomerate boulders. Wirt: near
Burning Springs. Fayette: along the Gauley River; near
194 THE WEST VIRGINI.A FLORA

Kanawha Falls (James). Tucker: at Blackwater Falls.
Gilmer: near Glenville (J/apel). Kanawha: near Coalburg
(James). Fayette: near Nuttallburg (Nuttall). ALonon-
galia: near Morgantown (J/illspaugh). Summers: near
Hinton (Eggleston, 5564). Preston: near Aurora (Mr. &
Mrs. Steele).

PHEGOPTERIS, Fee.

P. Puecortrerts (Linn.) Underw. P. polypodioides, Fee.

Damp woods. Gilmer: near Glenville (Mapel). Tucker:
near the Falls of Blackwater (A/illspaugh).

P. HEXAGONOPTERA (Michx.) Fee.

Open woods. Gilmer: near Glenville (Jlapel).  Fay-
ette: near Nuttallburg, shaded fence rows and deep woods
(Nuttall). Ohio: near Wheeling (Mertz & Guttenberg).
Preston: near Aurora (Mr. & Airs. Steele).

P. Dryorterts (L.) Fee.

Rocky woods. Preston: near Rowlesburg (Merts & Gut-

tenberg).

DRYOPTERIS Adans.

D. THeEtyprterts(Linn.) A. Gray. Aspidium Thelypteris (L.) Sw.

Marshy Meadows. Ohio: near Wheeling (Mertz & Gut-
tenberg). Preston: near Aurora (Afr. & Mrs. Steele).

D. Novesoracensts (Linn.) A. Gray. Aspidium Noveboracense
(li) Swe

Moist woods. Randolph: on Rich Mountain, alt. 1,850
feet. (Alillspaugh). Fayette: near Nuttallburg (Nuttall) ;
near Kanawha Falls (James). Kanawha: near Charleston
(James). Preston: near Aurora (J/r. & Mrs. Steele).

D. FracRANS (Linn.) Schott. Aspidiwn fragrans (L.) Sw.

Opens. Pocahontas: near summit of Spruce Knob, alt.
4,800 feet, where it is cut and cured for fodder (AJfills-
paugh).

D. sprnuLosa (Retz.) Kuntze. Aspidiui spinulosum. (Retz.) Sw.

Damp woods. Wirt: above Burning Springs. Randolph:
on Rich Mountain. Preston: near Terra Alta. AIcDowell:
near Elkhorn (J/illspaugh). Preston: near Aurora (A/r. &
Mrs. Steele). Fayette: near Nuttallbure (Nuttall). Web-
ster: at Tater Knob (AH. H. Sinith, 1496).

D. sPINULOSA INTERMEDIA (AMuhl.) Underw. Aspidinin spinu-
losum var. intermedtumn Eaton.

Deep rich woods throughout Grant, Tucker and Poca
hontas Counties. Upshur: near Beech and Middle Fork
(Afillspaugh). Fayette: near Nuttallburg (Nuttall). Pres-
ton: near Aurora (Mr. & Ars. Steele). Randolph: along
a mountain brook near Whitmar (Greenman, 27).
WEST VIRGINI.\ GEOLOGIC.AL SURVEY 195

D. sprixnucosa piLatat\ (Hoffm.) Underw. Aspidium spinu-
losum var. dilatatuim Hook.

Deep woods. Ohio: near Wheeling (Mertz & Gutten-
berg).

D. stmuLat. Davenport, Bot. Gaz., 29: 495 (1894).

Aspidium spinulosum var. Prel. Cat. Fl. W. Va., 482
(1892). Comparing my specimens from the deep, wet
woods of Randolph Co. with specimens of D. simulata re-
cently sent me by Professor Davenport, I find them identical.
In publishing the species Professor Davenport includes it
under Dryopteris as well as ‘Aspidium, Nephrodium and
Lastrea.

In deep, wet woods under Black Spruce. Randolph: near
Cheat Bridge, and Shades-of-Death (\/illspaugh).

D. cristata (L.) A. Gray. Aspidium cristatum (L.) Sw.

Swampy places. Preston: near Cranberry Summit (ert:
& Guttenberg); near Reedsville and Terra Alta (J/ills-
paugh); near Aurora (Mr. & Mrs. Steele).

D. Gotpiran. ( Hook.) A. Gray. Aspidiwm Goldieanum Hook.

Rich moist woods. Preston: near Cranberry Summit
(Mertz & Guttenberg) ; near’Aurora (l/r. & Mrs. Steele)
Fayette: near Nuttallburg (Nuttall).

D. Fittx-mas (L.) Schott. Male-fern. Aspidium Filix-mas Sw.

Rocky woods. Gilmer: near Glenville (A/apel).

D. MaArGINALIS (L.) A. Gray. Aspidium marginale Sw.

Rocky hillsides in rich woods. Tucker: near Parsons
(Greenman, 28). Gilmer: near Glenville (Mapel). Kan-
awha: near Charleston (James). Fayette: near Nuttallburg
(Nuttall). Grant: near Bayard (Jlillspaugh). Preston:
near Aurora (Mr. & Mrs. Steele).

POLYSTICHUM Roth.

P. acrostTicHoIDEs (Michx.) Schott. Christmas Fern. Aspidium
acrostichoides Sw.

Rocky woods. Upshur: beyond Buckhannon. Randolph:
near Cricard (J/illspaugh). Webster: near Tater Knob
(H. H. Smith, 1509). Gilmer: near Glenville (Mapel).
Fayette: near Nuttallburg (Nuttall). Preston: near Aurora
(lr. & Mrs, Steele). Barbour: near Tygart Junction
(Greenman, 35).

P. ACROSTICHOIDES SCHWEINITZII (Beck). Aspidtum achrosti-
choides Schwcinitesti (Beck.) B.S. P.

Rocky woods. Jefferson: near Harper’s Ferry (lJerts

& Guttenberg).
196 THE WEST VIRGINIA FLORA

FILIX Adans.

F, BULBIFERA (L.) Underw. Bladder Fern (Cystopteris bulbifera
Bernh.).

Shaded ravines. Ohio: near Wheeling (Mertz & Gut-
tenberg). Fayette: near Nuttallburg, rare (Nuttall). Ran-
dolph: near Pickens (H. H. Smith, 1361).

F. rraciLis (L.) Underw. (Cystopteris fragilis Bernh.).

Shady cliffs. Fayette: near Gauley Bridge along the
Kanawha (Muillspaugh); near Nuttallburg (Nuttall).

ONOCLEA, L.

O. sENsIBILIS, L. Sensitive Fern.

Moist meadows. Monongalia: the Flats. Gilmer: neat
Glenville (Mapel). Fayette: near Kanawha Falls (James) :
near Nuttallburg (Nuttall). Randolph: near Valley Head.
Upshur: near Buckhannon (Millspaugh). Preston: near
Aurora (Mr. & Mrs. Steele).

WOODSIA, R. Br.

W. optusa (Spreng.), Torr.
Rocks and cliffs. Fayette: near Nuttallburg (Nuttall).
Randolph: near Cricard (Millspaugh). Preston: near Au-
rora (Mr. & Mrs. Steele).

DENNSTAEDTIA Bernh.

D. pUNCTILOBULA (Michx.) Moore. Dickson’s Fern (Dicksonia
punctilobula Hook).
Moist shady places. Randolph: on Rich Mountains, alt.
1,920 feet; Cheat mountains under Black Spruce, abundant
(Millspaugh). Gilmer: near Glenville (Mapel). Preston:
near Aurora (Mr. & Mrs. Steele). Fayette: near Nuttall-
burg, alt. 2,400 feet (Nuttall). Pendleton: on Spruce Knob
Greenman, 31); near Kanawha Falls and Loup Creek
(James). Kanawha: near Charleston (James).

OSMUNDA L.

O. REGALIS, L. Royal Fern.

Swampy meadows. Upshur: near Buckhannon (Pol-
lock). Pocahontas: near Travellers Repose (Greenman,
29). Upshur: near Randolph County line on Staunton Pike.
Webster: Upper Glade. Preston: near Terra Alta and Cold
Spring. Monongalia: near Camp Eden. McDowell: near
Elkhorn (Mtllspaugh). Gilmer: near Glenville (Mapel).
Fayette: near Nuttallburg (Nuttall).
WEST VIRGINIA GEOLOGICAL SURVEY 197

. CLaytoniana, L. Clayton’s Flowering Fern.

Low grounds. Preston: near Cranberry Summit (Afertz
& Guttenberg.) Fayette: near Nuttallburg (Nuttall).

. CINNAMOMEA, L. Cinnamon Fern.

Marshy places. Fayette: near Nuttallburg, alt. 2,000
feet (Nuttall). Preston: near Cranberry Summit (Mertz
& Guttenberg). Randolph: along Shaver’s Fork (A/ills-
paugh) ; near Pickens (H. H. Smith, 1392).

EQUISETACEAE.
EQUISETUM, L.

. ARVENSE, L. Field Horsetail.
Moist, sandy fields. Frequent throughout the State.
. SYLVATICUM, L.
Damp rich woods. Mercer: near Ada. Monongalia: near
Little Falls (Millspaugh).
. HYEMALE, L. Scouring Rush.
Wet wooded banks. Wirt: near Burning Springs (Mills-
paugh).
. LAEVIGATUM, Braun.
Clay banks along stream. Mercer: near Ingleside. (Mills-

paugh).
LYCOPODIACEAE.
LYCOPODIUM, L.

. LUCIDULUM Michx.

Cold damp woods. Grant: near Bayard, and Tucker:
near Davis (Afillspaugh). Randolph: near Cheat Bridge
(Millspaugh), and near Whitmar (Greenman, 22). Pres-
ton, near Aurora (Mr. & Mrs. Steele). Gilmer: near Glen-
ville (Mapel). Fayette: near Nuttallburg (Nuttall).

. ANNOTINUM L.

Cold woods. Randolph: plentiful along the west slope
of Cheat Mountains near Cheat Bridge (Millspaugh). Fay-
ette: near Nuttallburg (Nuttall).

. opscuruM L. Ground Pine. (L. dendroideum, Michx.)

Deep, moist woods. With the last, plentiful (A/illspaugh).
Randolph: near Pickens (H. H. Smith, 1824).

L. ctavatum L. Club Moss.

Dry woods. Common throughout the State.

L. TRIstacHyuM Pursh.

Pendleton: on the western slope of Spruce Mountain
(Greenman, 24).
198 THE WEST VIRGINIA FLORA

L. comptanatum L. Trailing Christmas Green.
Deep coniferous woods. In the Alleghanies of Grant,
Tucker, Randolph and Pocahontas counties (Millspaugh)
Fayette: near Nuttallburg (Nuttall).

SELAGINELLACEAE.

SELAGINELLA, Beauv.

S. nupestris (L.) Spring.
Jefferson: near Harper’s Ferry (Mertz & Guttenberg).
S. apus (L.) Spring
In a luxuriant mass among the grass and shrubs along
the edge of an island in the Bluestone River, opposite De-
lashmeet Creek, Mercer County, altitude 2,080 feet, July 27,
1900 (Aorris, 1061). Monongalia: several stations near
Morgantown; and Pocahontas: near Warnton (Sheldon).
Barbour: near Belington (A. B. Brooks).
Gymnospermae*

PINACEAE.
THUJA, L.

T. occipENTALIS, L. Arbor Vite.
Dry, rocky hills. Mineral: on Knobby Mountains. Grant:
near Petersburg.

JUNIPERUS, L.

J. communis, L. Juniper.
Dry sterile hills. Wood: near Kanawha Station. Min-
eral: on Knobby Mountains. Fayette: near Nuttallburg
* (Nuttall).

J. VircintAna L. Red Cedar. Savin.

Wood: near Lockhart’s Run and Kanawha Station (Mills-
paugh), near Nicollet (H. AH. Smith, 2030). Wirt: on
Nigh-cut Hill. Fayette: near Crescent; Kanawha Falls
(James); Nuttallburg (Nuttall).  \lineral: on Knobby
Afountains. Jefferson: along the Potomac. lason: near
Point Pleasant. Berkeley: near Martinsburg. Monongalia:
near Morgantown. Mercer: near Ingleside. Jackson and
Mason: along the Ohio River; Cabell: along the C. & O. R.
R., from Huntington, to St. Albans in Kanawha County.
Jefferson Co., plentiful near Harper’s Ferry, trunks 7 to 9
inches in diameter.

PINUS, L.

P. restnos. Aiton. Pitch Pine.
Open woods. Preston: near Cranesville Glade (Rumsey).
P. Srropus L. White Pine.

Wood: near Leachtown. Wirt: near Burning Spring.
Calhoun: near White Pine and Laurel Run. Pocahontas:
near Sunset. Greenbrier: near Caldwell. Fayette: near
Nuttallburg, probably introduced (Vuttal/). Preston: near
Aurora (J/r. & Mrs. Steele).

 

* From here to the end of this work where no collector is
mentioned the localities are those of the author.
200 THE WEST VIRGINIA FLORA

P. Taepa L. Loblolly, or Old-field Pine.
Opens. \Vood: near Kanawha Station. Mineral, Hamp-
shire, and Hardy: along the table-lands.

P. rtcipa Mill. Pitch Pine.

Kanawha: near Charleston (Barnes). Fayette: near
Nuttallburg, alt. 2,000 (Nuttall). Greenbrier: near White
Sulphur Springs. Mineral: on Knobby Mountains. Web-
ster: on Tater Knob, Wood: near Nicollet (H. H. Smith.
1510, 20260).

P. punGcENS, Michx. f. Table Mountain Pine.

Dry rocky soils. Kanawha: near Charleston (Barnes)
Mineral on Knobby Mountain. Pendleton: foot hills of
Spruce Knob (4. D. Hopkins).

P. Virciniana Mill. Scrub Pine. (P. mops, Ait.).
Sterile hills. Greenbrier: near Caldwell; slopes of Kate’s
Mountain, alt. 3,300 ft. (Small). Fayette: near Nuttall-
burg, a common second growth (Nuttall). Summers: near
Hinton (Eggleston, 5587). Berkeley: near Martinsburg
Mercer: near Ingleside.

P. EcHINATA Mill. Yellow Pine. (P. mitis, Michx.)
Wood: near Leachtown; near Nicollet (H. H. Smith,
2025). Randolph: near Valley Bend. Summers: near
Hinton.
LARIX <Adans.

L. cvartcina (DuRoi) Koch. Tamarack (L. Americana Mx.)
Boggy lands. Preston: in Cranesville Glade (Rumsey).

PICEA, Link.

P. ruBeNns Sarg. Black Spruce. “Yew Pine.” “White Spruce,”
“Spruce Pine.” (Picea Mariana Prel. Cat )

In 1go1 there were magnificent forests in the following
regions where it grew at elevations varying from 2,500 tu

4,000 feet:
Acres.
Randolph County on Elk and Gauley waters...... 15,000
Randolph County on Cheat waters.............. 120,000
Randolph County on Mill Creek.......... ..... 5,000
Randolph County on Elk Mountain............... 500
Pocahontas County on Shaver’s Fork of Cheat.... 20,000
Pocahontas County on the headwaters of Greenbrier
FRAMERS 5 Pics ustedes Sos Sie eee ee «MM reo ee 100,000

Pocahontas County on Elk and Gauley headwaters. 100,000
Tucker County on Cheat water...............0.. 50,000
WEST VIRGINIA GEOLOGICAL SURVEY 201

Maneral ‘County .20nce Sirus pies eae ees Gu Ses bes 25,000
Greenbrier County (by actual survey)........... 35,499
Wall Hereaee vassny wane eaemeserenaees 470,999

This estimate probably fell under the actual amount.

Summers: along Greenbrier River near Talcott. Mercer:
near Ingleside (Millspaugh). Preston: near Aurora (Mr.
& Mrs. Steele). Randolph: near Pickens and Turkey Bone
(H. H. Smith, 1411, 2055).

TSUGA, Carrier.
T. Canavensis (L.) Carr. Hemlock. Hemlock Spruce. Abies
Canadensis, Michx.

Rocky woods. Wirt: along Straight Creek. Calhoun:
on Laurel Run. Nicholas: near Beaver Mills. Grant: near
Bayard, abundant. Monroe: near Alderson. ‘Preston: near
Terra Alta (Millspaugh) ; near Aurora (Mr. & Mrs. Steele).
Fayette: near Nuttallburg, plentiful. (Nuttall). Mercer:
near Ingleside and Princeton. McDowell: near Elkhorn.
Monongalia: near Uffington and Tibb’s Run.

ABIES, Miller.
A. Frasert (Pursh) Lindl. “Blister Pine.” Balm-of-Gilead
Fir. Balsam Fir.
Mountain Swamps. Randolph: about two miles beyond
Cheat Bridge, along the Staunton Pike (Mullspaugh; Shel-
don, 2585).

TAXACEAE,

TAXUS, Linn.
Taxus CANADENSIS Marshall. (T. baccata, Canadensis Gray).
Damp hillside woods. Marion: near the mouth of Buf-
falo Creek (K. D. Walker). Taylor: near Nuzums. Fay-
ette: along Williams River. Randolph: in the Sink region
Greenman, 198).

EY PHA CHAE,

TYPHA, L.
T. vatirotia, L. Cat Tail.
Ditches and swampy spots. Gilmer: near Glenville (Ma-
pel). Preston: near Terra Alta. Morgan: near Hancock.
Monongalia: near the Dille farm.
202 THE WEST VIRGINIA FLORA
SPARGANIACEAE.

SPARGANIUM, L.
S. EURYCARPUM, Engelm. Bur-reed.
Borders of stream and still waters. Webster: in Welch
Glade. Greenbrier: near White Sulphur Springs.
S. DIVERSIFOLIUM ACAULE (Beeby) Fern. & Eam.
Pocahontas: near Travellers Repose (Greenman, 75).

POTAMOGETONACEAE.

POTAMOGETON, L.
P. toncuites Tuck. P. fluitans Roth.
In rivers and streams. Randolph: near Tygart’s Valley
River, near Huttonsville. Summers: New River: near Hin
ton.
P. Sptrittus Tuckerman.
Randolph: in the Tygarts Valley River near Huttonsville
(Greenman, 132).
P. pectinatus L. (Determined by F. V. Coville).
Forming large masses on the bars of the Greenbrier River
at Talcott, Summers County, altitude 1,490 feet, August
24, 1900 (Morris, 1342).
P, prMorPHUS Raf.
In still water. Hardy: near Moorefield (4. B. Brooks).
P. EprHypRusS Raf.
Preston: in a ditch near Cranesville (Sheldon 3414 visa).

SCHEUCHZERIACEAE.

SCHEUCHZERIA L.
S. paLustris Linn.
Pocahontas: in Cranberry Glades (A. B. Brooks).

ALISMACEAE.

ALISMA, L.
A. PLANTAGO-AQguATICA Linn,
Wet ditches. Monongalia: near Ice’s Ferry. Summers:
near Hinton. Greenbrier: near White Sulphur Springs.

SAGITTARIA, L.
S. ARIFoLIA Nutt. Arrow-head.
In water or very wet places. Randolph: near Beverly.
Summers: near Hinton. Greenbrier: near \White Sulphur
WEST VIRGINIA GEOLOGICAL SURVEY 203

Springs. Wood: near Parkersburg. Marion: near Clements.
Fayette: near Nuttallburg (Nuttall). Berkeley near Mar-
tinsburg.

forma ANGUSTIFOLIA (Engelm.) Britt.

S.

Wet places. Putnam: near Buffalo. Mason: near Point
Pleasant.

GRAMINEA Michx.
Summers: shores of New River near Hinton.

VALLISNER LA CEAE,
VALLISNERIA L.

. sprrRALIS L.  Eelgrass.

Among the pondweeds in the Greenbrier River at Tal-
cott, Summers County, altitude 1,490 feet, August 24,
1900 (JAJorris, 1341).

HYDROCHARITACEAE.

PHILOTRIA Raf.

. CANADENSIS (Michx.) Britton. \Vater-weed. (Elodea Cana-

densis Michx.)

Slow streams in slack water. Fayette: near Kanawha
Falls (James). Putnam: near Buffalo (.Villspaugh). Kan-
awha: near Charleston (Holton).

GRAMINEAE.

TRIPSACUM, L.
DACTYLOIDES L.
Moist places. Fayette: near Nuttallburg (Nuttall).

ANDROPOGON, L.

. FurcATUS Muhl. Beard Grass.

Damp places. Randolph: along Tygart’s Valley River
near Beverly. Monongalia: along the Monongahela below
Morgantown. Fayette: near Kanawha Falls. (James) ;
near Nuttallburg (Nuttall). Summers: near Greenbrier
Stockyards, and along Greenbrier River. Taylor: near
Grafton. Preston: near Aurora (Mr. & Mrs, Steele). Bar-
bour: near Tygart Junction; and Tucker: banks of the
Blackwater River near Hendricks (Greenman, 38, 86).

. scoparRtus Michx. “Broom Sedge.”

Dry soils. Monongalia: about Morgantown, plentiful.
Webster: near Upper Glade. Mason: near Point Pleasant.
204

THE WEST VIRGINIA FLORA

Taylor: near Grafton. Preston: near Aurora (Mr. & Mrs.
Steele), and in every county visited.

This species) which threatens to be our most pernicious
and wide-spread weed, is advancing eastward with the ut-
most aggressiveness. It has absolutely no fodder qualities,
its nutritive ratio being only 1:14.50, and its value as a
fertilizer only $2.37 per dry ton. The method of combating
this pest is as yet a mere matter of conjecture.

The plant is reported from Brooke: near Wellsburg and
Fowler’s. Barbour: near Overfield, Pepper and Philippi.
Braxton: near Bulltown, Frametown, Tate Creek, Elmyra
and Newville. Cabell: near Union Ridge and Barboursville.
Clay: near Valley Fork. Doddridge: near Leopold, New
Milton and Center Point. Fayette: near Fayetteville, Moun-
tain Cove and Beets. Grant: near Medley, Petersburg and
Greenland. Greenbrier: near Frankford, Trout Valley and
Fort Spring. Hampshire: near Slanesville, Springfield and
Three Churches. Harrison: near Clarksburg, Lost Creek,
Bridgeport, Wallace, Wilsonburg, Adamsville, Good Hope
and Mount Clare. Hardy: near Moorefield and Wardens-
ville. Jefferson: near Kabletown. Jackson: near Grass
Lick, Sandy, Wilding, Belgrove, Odaville, Silverton and
Kentuck. Kanawha: near Pocataligo, Blandon and Gazil.
Lewis: near Vadis, Camden, Walkersville and Aberdeen,
Lincoln: near Hamlin. Mercer: near Princeton and New
Hope. McDowell: near Squire Jim. Monroe: near Cash-
mere and Johnson’s X Roads. Mason: near New Haven,
Grimm’s Landing and Maggie. Marion: near Canton, Farm-
ington, Eldora, Barracksville, Hoult and Gray’s Flat. Mon-
ongalia: near Morgantown. Putnam: near Hurricane, Para-
dise, Carpenters and Confidence. Pleasants: near New Heb-
ron. Preston: near Masontown, Eglon and Amblersburg.
Ritchie: near Ritchie C. H. Berea and Cornwallis. Ran-
dolph: near Florence and Lee Bell. Roane: near Peneil,
Newton, Looneyville, Clio, Reedy and Countsville. Raleigh:
near Table Rock, Egeria and Raleigh C. H. Summers: near
Forest Hill, Talcott, Clayton and Indian Mills. Taylor: near
Knottsville, Thornton, Grafton and Meadland. Tyler: near
Wick and Long Reach. Tucker: near Texas, St. Georges
and Hendricks. Upshur: near Lawrence, Overhill, Ever-
green, French Creek and Hemlock. Wayne: near Adkin’s
Mills and Egypt. Wetzel: near New Martinsville. Wirt:
near Elizabeth, Burning Springs, Reedy Ripple and Lee.
Wood: near Blennerhassett and Kanawha Station. Web-
ster: near Replete, and Welch Glade.
WEST VIRGINIA GEOLOGICAL SURVEY 205

. Viretnicus L. ;

Fayette: near Nuttallburg (Nuwétall). Preston: near Au-
rora (Mr. & Mrs. Steele). Barbour: near Tygart Junction
(Greenman, 37).

CHRYSOPOGON Trin.

. Nutas (L.) Benth. Indian grass. Wood grass.
Fayette: near Nuttallburg (Nuttall). Barbour: near Ty-
gart Junction (Greenman, 39).

SORGHASTRUM Nash.

. AVENACEUM (Michx.) Nash. (Chrysopogon Michx.).
Dry fields, Preston: near Aurora (Mr. & Mrs. Steele).
Fayette: near Quinnimont (Pollard & Maxon, 36).

PASPALUM Linn.

. MucRoNATUN Muhl.
In wet places. Kanawha: at the Salinas (Holton).
. MuUHLENBERGII Nash.

In dry or stony places. Monongalia: near Morgantown
(Grout).

. SETACEUM Michx.

Sandy soils. Monongalia: at the end of the Hogback,
Decker’s Creek, near Morgantown (Mullspaugh).

. LAEVE Michx.

Fayette: near Nuttallburg (Nuwétall). Kanawha: at Wash-
ington’s Burning Springs near the Kanawha salinas (Hol-
ton).

. LAEVE PILOSUM Scribn.

Wyoming: along Horse and Hound Creeks, alt. 1,100 to

1,200 feet., near Baileysville (Morris, 1284).

SYNTHERISMA Walt.

. LINEARIS (Krock.) Nash.

Fields and waste places, Preston: near Aurora (M/r. &
Mrs. Steele).
SANGUINALIS (L.) Dulac. Crabgrass, Crowfoot grass.
(Panicum L.).

Cultivated and waste grounds, common throughout the
State.

PANICUM Linn.

. DICHOTOMIFLORUM Michx. (P. geniculatwin Ell., proliferwm
Lam.).

Moist grounds along streams. Monongalia: near Mor-~
gantown and Uffington (Millspaugh; Post). Preston: near
206 THE WEST VIRGINIA FLORA

Aurora (Steele). Randolph: at Tygart’s Valley (J. D.
Smith; Greenman, 81). Tucker: near Parsons (Green-
man, 54). Fayette: near Nuttallburg (Nuttall).

. FLENILE (Gattinger) Scribn. (P. capillare campestre Gatt.).

Dry fields. Monroe: Peters Mountain (Steele, 281).

P. GatTincEerr Nash. (P. capillare campestre Gatt.).

Dry fields. Monongalia: on a sterile hillside up Falling
Run beyond the University (Millspaugh; Sheldon, 3084).
Preston: near Aurora (Steele).

P. PuiLapeLpyicum Bernh. —

Dry, open ground. Preston: near Aurora (Steele). Wy-
oming: near Baileysville (Morris, 1283). Monongalia: near
Morgantown (Sheldon, 3083). Randolph: gravelly bed of
Shavers Fork near Parsons (Greenman, 42).

P. cavittare Linn. Ticklegrass.

Dry fields. Monongalia: near Morgantown, and Green-
brier: near White Sulphur Springs (Millspaugh). Fay-
ette: near Nuttallburg (Nuttall). Monroe: near Old Sweet
Springs (Steele, 243). Preston: near Aurora (Mr. & Mrs.
Steele). Randolph: near Huttonsville and along the Black-
water River near Hendricks (Greenman, 84, 51).

P. vircatum Linn.

Moist sandy soils. Monongalia: streets of Morgantown
where it seems to flourish, between the bricks of walks,
the better the more it is trodden upon; and Mason: banks of
the Ohio River near Point Pleasant (A/illspaugh). Tucker :
near Parsons (Greenman, 47). Fayette: near Nuttallburg
(Nuttall). Randolph: along the Blackwater River near
Hendricks (Greenman, 47).

P. AGROSTOIDES Spreng.

Wet meadows. Monongalia: below the mouth of Falling
Run near Morgantown, Kanawha: near Allen’s Fork, and
Upshur: near Lorentz (Millspaugh). Fayette: near Nutt-
allburg (Nuttall). Wyoming: at the edge of thickets along
Horse and Hound Creeks, near Baileysville (Morris, 1277).
Barbour: near Tygart Junction (Greenman, 57).

P. stipiratum Nash.

Moist soils. Taylor: near Grafton (Guttenberg; J. D.

Smith). Monongalia: near Sabraton (Sheldon, 2689).
P. anceps Michx.

Moist sandy soils. Fayette: near Nuttallburg (Nuttall).

Nicholas: at Richwood (AH. H. Sith, 1745).
P. DEPAUPERATUM Muhl.

Dry opens.. Monongalia: at Roundbottoms (A/illspaugl).

Fayette: near Nuttallburg (Nuttall).
P. LINEARIFOLTUM Scribn.
Dry weods. Jefferson: near Harper’s Ferry (Hitchcock).
WEST VIRGINIA GEOLOGICAL SURVEY 207

P. microcarron Muhl.

Wet woods and swampy places. Monongalia: along the
Monongahela River (Millspaugh, 198). Wyoming: near
oe and McDowell: near Perryville (Morris, 1193,
1139).

P. nitipum Lam.

Moist grounds. Summers: along the edge of a meadow

at Bargers Spring (Jforris, 984).
P. picHotomum Linn.

Dry places, Fayette: (A/orse) near Nuttallburg (Nutt-
all). \WVyoming: near Baileysville (Aforris, 1193a).

forina DEPAUPERATA Vasey.

Dry sterile fields. Monongalia: up Falling Run beyond
the University (A/illspaugh).

P. BARBULATUM Michx.

Sterile and rocky woods. McDowell: along Dry Fork
above Perryville, alt. 1,200 to 1,300 feet, and Wyoming:
along the Guyandotte River below Baileysville, alt. 1,100 ft.
(Aforris, 1139, 1193).

P. tucipum Ashe. (P. dichotomum gracile Torrey).

Wet bottoms, usually along runs. Wood: in a swampy
ditch near Kanawha Station. Wirt: in a weedy ditch near
Reedy Ripple and in a spring rill in rich woods near
Straight Creek. Randolph: in a cold rill in deep woods on
Point Mountain, alt. 3,200 feet (Afillspaugh).

P. LInDHEIMERI Nash.

Sterile grounds. Summers: near Bargers Spring (Morris,
984).

P. HuacuucaE SILvicoLa Hitche. & Chase. (P. dichotomutin
fasciculatuim Man.)

Dry open places. Monongalia and Marion: along the
railroad (J/illspaugh); near Morgantown and Fairmont
(Hitchcock, 136-7).

P, TENNESSEENSE Ashe.

Open moist places and borders. \lonongalia and Marion:
along the Monongahela River (Alillspaugh, 188, 197). Fay-
ette: near Quinnimont (Pollard & Maxon, 22).

P. yILLosissiMuM Nash. (P. pubescens Lam.).

Damp places. Lewis: along Leading Creek (A/illspaugh).

P. TSUGETORUM Nash.

Sandy woods. Jefferson: near Harper’s Ferry (Hitch-
cock, 135).-

P. POLYANTHES Schult.

Damp places. Wyoming: shaded banks of the Guyandot
River near Baileysville, alt. 1,100 feet (Aforris, 1186).
208 THE WEST VIRGINIA FLORA

P. AsHEI Pearson.

Dry rocky woods. Monongalia: at Tibbs Run (Sheldon,
566). Fayette (Kellerman, 6901). Summers: in Oak and
Beech woods near Bargers Spring (Morris, 977).

P. commutatum Schult.
Woods and copses. Fayette: (Kellerman, 6902).
P. cLANDESTINUM Linn. Deer Tongue Grass.

Damp meadows. Monongalia: near Morgantown (Mills-
paugh, Hitchcock). Preston: near Aurora (Steele). Up-
shur: near School House Summit (Millspaugh). Fayette:
near Nuttallbure (Muillspaugh, Kellerman). Summers:
near Riffe, and Monroe: near Wolf Creek (Muillspaugh).

P. LatiroLtium Linn.

Rocky and sandy woods. Preston: near Aurora (Steele).
Pocahontas: near Marlinton (Kellerman, 6899).

P. Boscrrt Pow. (P. Porterianum Nash.)

Woodlands. Monongalia: near Little Falls, Wirt: near
Burning Springs, Greenbrier: near White Sulphur Springs
(Millspaugh). Fayette: near Nuttallburg (Nuttall).

ECHINOCHLOA Beauv.

E. Crus-Gatui (L.) Beauv. (Panicum Linn.)
Ditches and waste grounds. Monongalia: near Morgan-
town, Summers: near Hinton, and Greenbrier: near White
Sulphur Springs( Millspaugh). Fayette: near Nuttallburg
(Nuttall).
E. Wattert (Pursh) Nash.
Ditches. Monongalia: along the railroad near Little Falls
(Millspaugh).
CHAETOCHLOA Scribn.
(Setaria, Beauv. 1812.)

C. euauca (L.) Scribn. Fox-tail Grass.
Common throughout the State, especially in stubble fields.
C. impersis (Poir.) Scribn.
In moist soils, Preston: near Aurora (Mr. & Mrs. Steele).
C. viripis (L.) Scribn.
Roadsides and cultivated fields. Jackson: near Sandyville,
and on Limestone Ridge.
C. Irattca (L.) Scribn.
Fayette: near Nuttallburg (Nuttall). Webster: at
Hacker Valley (H. H. Smith, 1738).

CENCHRUS, L.

C. triputomwes L. Hedgehog Grass. Bur-grass.
Jefferson: near Harper's Ferry (Merts & Guttenberg).
A.

WEST VIRGINIA GEOLOGICAL SURVEY 209

HOAMALOCENCHRUS Mieg (1768).
(Leersia, Swartz, 1788.)

. Vireinicus (Willd.), Britton, White Grass. (Leersia Tir-

ginica, Willd.)

Wet places. Monongalia: near. Beechwoods and Little
Falls. Fayette: near Nuttallburg (Nuttall). Preston: near
Aurora (J/r. & Mrs. Steele). Randolph: near Huttonsville
(Greenman, 82).

. oryzomDES (L.) Poll. Rice Cut-grass. (Leersia oryzoides,

Swartz.).

Wet grounds. Nicholas: in Collett’s Glade. Fayette:
near Nuttallburg (Nuttall). Preston: near Aurora (l/r.
& Mrs. Steele).

PHALARIS, L.

. ARUNDINACEA L. Reed Canary-grass.

Wet places. Wood. in a spring rill near Kanawha Sta-
tion.
Canariensis Linn. ‘
Established at Morgantown, Monongalia County (Shel-

don, 3598).
ARISTIDA, L.

. DICHOTOMA, AMichx. Poverty Grass.

Fayette: near Nuttallburg (Nuttall). Preston: near Au-
rora (Mr. & Alrs. Steele).

. OLIGANTHA Michx. Triple-awned Grass.

Dry banks. Kanawha: near Charleston (Barnes).

. LANosA Muhl. (A. lanata Poir.)
Fayette: near Nuttallburg (\Vuttall).
. GRACILIS Ell.

Monongalia: dry soils at Morgantown (Sheldon).

ANTHOXNANTHUNAL Linn.

oporaTtuM Linn.
Established rather extensively about Morgantown, Mon-
ongalia County (Sheldon).

MILIUM Linn.

. EFFUSUM Linn.

Pocahontas: in Cranberry Glades (Sheldon, 3863).

, MUHLENBERG, Selireber.

. SOBOLIFERA (AJuhl.) Trin.

Fayette: near Nuttallburg (\wttall).
210 THE WEST VIRGINIA FLORA

M. Mexicana (L.) Trin.

Fayette: near Nuttallburg (Nuttall). Monongalia: on
campus, Morgantown (Muillspaugh). Preston: near Aurora
(Mr. & Mrs. Steele). Randolph: banks of Dry Fork near
Harman (Greenman, 46).

M. sytvatica (Torr.), Torr. & Gray.

Fayette: near Nuttallburg (Nuttall).

M. pirFusa, Schreb. Nimble Will.

Dry ground. Monongalia: along Decker’s Creek. Fay-
ete: Nuttallburg (Nuttall). Preston: near Aurora (Mr. &
Mrs. Steele). Randolph: near Elkins (Greenman, 80).

BRACHYELYTRUM, Beauv.
B. EREctUM (Schreb.) Beauv. (B. aristatwn, Beauv.)
Rocky woods. Webster: near Welch Glade. Tucker:
near the Falls of Blackwater. Fayette: near Nuttallburg
(Nuttall).
Var. GLABRATUM, Vasey, in Millsp. Prel. Cat. Fl. W. Va., 469..
A new variety discovered by Mr. L. W. Nuttall. It
agrees with the species except that it is perfectly smooth,
and has an awn-pointed second glume which is about one-
half the length of the flowering glume. Its most striking
peculiarity is that it has invariably two culms from each
rootstock.
High, rocky woods. Fayette: near Nuttalburg, rare
(Nuttall).
PHLEUM, L.

P. pRaTENSE, L. Timothy.
A common escape from cultivation throughout the State.
Found even in the forests of the highest Alleghanies.

SPOROBOLUS R. Br.
S. NEGLEcTUS Nash.
In dry places. Upshur: near French Creek (Sheldon,
2173).
S. VAGINAEFLoRuS (Torr.) Wood.
In dry soils. Preston: near Aurora (Afr. & Mrs. Stecle).
Monongalia: near Morgantown (C. F. Sheldon).

CINNA, L..
C. LatIFoLIA (Trev.) Griseb. (C. pendula Trin.).
Pocahontas: valley of the East Fork of the Greenbrier
River (Greenman, 88).
C. ARUNDINACEA L. Wood Reed-grass.
Wet places. Randolph: along Tygart’s Valley River
near Huttonsville. Fayette: near Nuttallburg (Nuttall).
WEST VIRGINIA. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY 211

AGROSTIS) Ls
A. INTERMEDIA Scribn.
In dry soils, Preston: near Aurora (l/r. & Mrs. Steele).
A. ALTIssIMA (Walt.) Tuckerman.

Sandy moist places, Preston: near Aurora (l/r. & Ars.
Steele).

A. ALBA L. White Bent-grass. (incl. var. vulgaris (With. Thurb.)

Meadows and fields. A frequent escape in the western
counties. Fayette: near Nuttallburg (Nuttall).

A. cantina L.

On shaded banks of the Guyandotte River below Baileys-
ville, Wyoming County, altitude, 1,100 feet, August 13, 1900
(Morris, 1197).

Forma, aristata. Millsp. Prel. Cat. Fl. W. Va., 470.

Damp meadowlands. Monongalia: along Falling Run
(Millspaugh, 244). Wyoming: near Baileysville (\Jorris,
1197).

A. PERENNANS (Walt.), Tuckerm. Thin Grass.

Damp, shady places. Randolph: along Cheat River in
clearings. Monongalia: near Little Falls. Fayette: near
Nuttallburg (Nuttall). Preston: near Aurora (Jr. & Mrs.
Steele).

A. HYEMALIS (Walt.), B. S. P. Hair Grass. A. Scabra, Willd.

Moist fields. Preston: near Terra Alta. Fayette: near
Nuttallburg (Nuttall).

CALAMAGROSTIS Adans.

C. cINNOIDES (Muhl.) Scribn.
Fayette: near Nuttallburg (Nuttall).

HOLCUS, L.
H. cranatus L. Velvet Grass. “Old White Top.” “Feather
Grass.”
Frequent in damp meadows. Monongalia: along the F.
M. & P. R. R. Upshur: near Laurentz. Randolph: along
Tygart’s Valley River. Grant: near Bayard. Nicholas: in
Collett’s Glade. Fayette: near Hawk’s Nest, and Kanawha
Falls (James); Nuttallburg (Nuttall). Randolph: at Pick-
ens (H. H. Smith, 1390). °

ARRHENATHERUM, Beauv.
A. ELatius (L.) Beauv. Oat Grass. (A. averaceum, Beauv.)
Fields and yards. Monongalia, abundant and becoming a

nuisance.
The lower campus (half orchard) that yielded a good
crop of Orchard-grass last season, was almost completely
THE WEST VIRGINIA FLORA

this species this year. Our analysis of this grass shows a
nutritive ratio of only 1:8.13. Fayette: near Nuttallburg
(Nuttall).

AVENA Linn.

. FATU.A Linn.

Established at Morgantown, \Ionongalia County a
don, 4309).
DANTHONIA, DC.

. spicata (L.) Beauv. Wild Oat-grass.

Dry soil. Monongalia: near Beechwoods and Little Falls,
Randolph: on a dry boulder, summit of Point Mountain,
alt. 3,750 feet. Fayette: near Nuttallburg (Nuttall).

. COMPRESSA, Austin.

Dry banks. Tucker: near the Falls of Blackwater. Fay-
ette: near Nuttallburg (Nuttall). Randolph: near Pickens
(H. H. Smith, 1355).

SPARTINA, Schreb.

cynosuroIDEs (L.) Willd. Fresh-water Cord-grass.

Ohio: on Bogg’s Island (Merts & Guttenberg). Bar-
bour: near Tygart Junction (Greenman, 43). Fayette:
near Nuttallburg (Nuttall).

ELEUSINE Gertn.

. Inpica (L.), Gertn. Dog’s Tail or Wire Grass.

Yards and streets. Kanawha: near Cannellton. \on-
ongalia: near Morgantown. Mason: near Point Pleasant.
Berkeley: near Martinsburg. Fayette: near Nuttallburg
(Nuttall).

DACTYLOCTENIUM Willd.

. Arcyptium (L.) Willd. Crab-grass. Yard-grass.

Yards and lawns. Monongalia; on the campus.

TRICUSPIS Beauv.

. SESLERIOIDES (Michx.) Torrey. Tall Red Top. Triodia

cuprea J. F. Jacq.
Dry or sandy fields. Monongalia near Little Falls. Wood:
near Selden. -Fayette: near Nuttallburg (Nuttall).

PHRAGMITES Trin.

. PuraAcmites (L.) Karst.

In wet places. Kanawha: near Charleston (Holton).
WEST VIRGINIA GEOLOGICAL SURVEY 213

ERAGROSTIS, Beauv.

HYPNOIDES (Lam.), B. S. P. E. reptans, Nees.

Shores of rivers. Summers: along New River near Hin-
ton. Kanawha: at the Salinas (Holton). Wood: along
the Ohio River near Parkersburg. Mason: near Point Pleas-
ant. Ohio: near Wheeling (Afertz & Guttenberg).

. Eracrostis (L.) Karst. E. minor Host.

Waste places. Mason: near Point Pleasant (\/illspaugh).

E. mayor, Host.

Fayette: near Nuttallburg (Nuttall).

. PILOSA (L.), Beauv.

Jefferson: near Harper’s Ferry (Aerts & Guttenberg).
Fayette: near Nuttallburg (Nuttall); near Hawks Nest
(Holton). Preston: near Aurora (Mr. & Mrs. Steele).

. Pursuit, Schrader.

Sterile or sandy soils. Monongalia; near Little Falls,
and on the campus.

. CAPILLARIS (L.), Nees. '

Fayette: near Nuttallburg (Nuttall). Preston: near Au-
rora (Mr. & Mrs. Steele).

. FRANKII, steud.

Shores of rivers. Summers: along New River near Hin-
ton (\illspaugh). Randolph: near Huttonsville (Green-
man, 83).

. PECTINACEA (Michx.) Steud.

Monongalia: dry soils near Morgantown (Sheldoi).

EATONIA Raf.

. OBTUSATA (Michx.), Gray.

Rich woods. Fayette: near Nuttallburg (Nuwttall.)

E. Pennsytvanica (DC.), Gray.

M.

Ky

Moist opens. Monongalia: near Beechwoods and on the
campus.

. NITIDA (Spreng.) Nash.

Dry woods. Monongalia: near Tibbs Run (Sheldon, 625).

MELICA L.

Mutica, Walt.
Rich soil. Fayette: near Nuttallburg (Nuttall).

KORYCARPUS, Zea (1806).

(Diarrhena, Beauv. 1812.)
pIANDRUS (Michx.) Kuntze. (K. Americana Kuntze.)
Shaded river banks. Fayette: near Nuttallburg (.\Vuftall).
214 THE WEST VIRGINIA. FLORA

UNIOLA L.
U. LaTIFoLta, Michx.
Shady places: Fayette: near Nuttallburg (Nuttall).

DACTYLIS L.

D. cGLomeERATA L. Orchard Grass.
Fields and meadows. Common throughout, especially
in shady places.

CYNOSURUS Linn.
C. cristatus Linn.
Established at Morgantown, Monongalia County (Sheldon,
1617).

POA L.

P. annua L. Low Spear-grass.
Ohio: near Wheeling (Merts & Guttenberg). Fayette:
near Nuttallburg (Nuttall).
P. compressa L. Wire Grass.
Sterile soil in crevices of rocks. Plentiful throughout
the State.
Forma DEPAUPERATA, Millsp. Prel. Cat. Fl. W. Va., 472.
On rocks. Monongalia: along Falling Run, especially
at the cascade.
P. pratensis L. Blue Grass.
Dry soils and meadows. Common throughout the State,
even in the higher Alleghanies.
P. rriviaLis L. Roughish Meadow-grass.
Moist meadows. Monongalia: along the Monongahela
at Little Falls.
P. syLvestris Gray.
Ohio: near Wheeling (Mertz & Guttenberg).
P. ALSODES Gray.
Hillside woods. Monongalia: along Day Creek near Lit-
tle Falls. Fayette: near Nuttallburg (Nuttall).
P. aurumMNaLiIs Muhl. P. flexuosa Muhl.
Tyler: near Long Reach.
P. previroLta Muhl.
Ohio: Woods Run near Wheeling (Merts & Guttenberg).
Fayette: near Nuttallburg (Nuttall).

PANICULARIA Fabr. (1763)
(Glyceria, R. Br. 1810.)

P. Canavensts (Michx.) Kuntze.
Woods. Fayette: near Nuttallburg (Nuttall).
WEST VIRGINIA GEOLOGICAL SURVEY 215

P. Torreyana (Spreng.) Merr. (P elongata Kuntze).
Wet woods. \\ebster: along the ridge of Buffalo Bull
Mountain. Fayette: near Nuttallburg (Nuttall).
P. nervATA (\Willd.) Kuntze. Foul \eadow-grass.
_ Moist meadows. Common throughout.
Forma mayor. Alillsp. Prel. Cat. Fl. W. Va., 473.
Alonongalia: sand bars in Monongahela River near Little
Falls.
P. Mevticarta (Michx.) Hitchcock.
Fields, Randolph: near Pickens (H. H. Simith, 1374).

FESTUCA L.
F. ovina Linn.
Waste grounds. Monongalia: near Morgantown (Shel-
don, 1588).

F. octorror. Walt. (F. tenella, Willd.)
Dry open woods. Wirt: hills above Burning Springs.
F. ecatior L. Meadow Fescue. (F. pratensis Huds.)

Fields. Monongalia: near Beechwoods. Fayette: near
Kanawha River (James); near Nuttallburg (Nuttall).
Meadows. Wood: near Kanawha Station, and elsewhere
frequent. :

F. nutans Willd.

Rocky woods. Randolph: on dry boulder, summit of
Rich Mountain. Webster: roadsides near Long Glade.
Fayette: near Nuttallburg (Nuttall).

BROMUS L.
B. worpeAceus L. Soft Chess. (B. mollis L.)
Wheat fields and waste grounds. Monongalia: on the

campus.
B. secaLInus L. Cheat or Chess.
Wheat fields and waste places. A too common nuisance.
B. raceMosus L. Upright Chess.
Fields common throughout the State.
B. INERMIS Leyss.

Established at Morgantown, Monongalia County (Shel-

don, 1587).
B. cittatus L.

River banks. Wood: along the Little Kanawha River
near Kanawha Station. Monongalia: along the Mononga-
hela near Little Falls. Randolph: near Huttonsville (Green-
man, 85).

AGROPYRON J. Gaertn.
A. REPENS (L.) Beauv.

Established at Morgantown, Monongalia County (She+

don, 4133).
216 THE WEST VIRGINIA PLORA

LOLIUM L.
L. Iraticum A. Br.
Common on lawns. Marion: at Fairmont (Boutlow). Up-
shur: near French Creek (F. E. Brooks).

L. PERENNE L. Darnel. Rye Grass. English Blue Grass.
Lawns, introduced with ‘“‘Lawn Grass Seed.” Monon-
galia: at Morgantown. Fayette: near Nuttallburg (Nuttall).

ELYMUS L.

E. Virctnicus L. Virginia Wild-rye.
River banks. Ohio: near Wheeling (Mertz & Guttenberg).
Mason: near Point Pleasant. Fayette: near Nuttallburg
(Nuttall).

E. CANADENSIS, GLAUcIFoLIUS (Muhl.) Gray.
Dry banks and roadsides. Kanawha: along 8-Mile Creek.
Mason: near Point Pleasant. Fayette: near Nuttallburg
(Nuttall).

E. striatus Willd.
Rocky banks. Monongalia: along the Monongahela River
below Morgantown.

Var. vILLosus Gray.
Monongalia: banks of the Monongahela below Morgan-
town.

E. HIRSUTIGLUMIS Scribn. & Sm.
River banks. Monongalia: near Morgantown (Sheldon).

E. INTERMEDIUS Scribn. & Smith.
Tucker: banks of the Blackwater River near Hendricks;
and Pocahontas: East Fork of the Greenbrier River near
Travelers Repose (Greenman, 56, 89).

HYSTRIX Moench. (1794).
(Asprella, Willd. 1800.)

H. Hystrix (L.) Millsp. Bottle-rush Grass.

Moist woodland banks. Scattering in Wood, Wirt, Cal-
houn, Gilmer, Lewis, Upshur, Monongalia, Randolph, Web-
ster and Nicholas counties. Fayette: along the Gauley River:
near Gauley Mountains; near Nuttallburg; near Kanawha
Falls (James). Summers: near Hinton. Mason: near Point
Pleasant. Harrison: near Lumberport.
JC

C.

C.

D;

WEST VIRGINIA GEOLOGICAL SURVEY 217

CY PE RAC HAR,

CYPERUS L.
RIVULARIS Kunth,
Tucker: bed of Shavers Fork near Parsons (Greenman,
130). :
ovuLaris (Michx.) Torrey.
Dry fields. Mason: near Point Pleasant (Sheldon, 1943).
FLAVESCENS L. Galingale.

Low grounds. \Monongalia and:Marion: along the Mon-
ongahela River. \[ason: near Point Pleasant, Fayette: near
Nuttallburg (Vuttall). Preston: near Aurora (\/r. & Airs.
Steele). Tucker: bed of Shavers Fork near Parsons and
Railroad ditch near Hendricks (Greenman, 123, 124).

DIANDRUS Torr.

Fayette: near Nuttallburg (\uttall). Preston: near Au-

rora (l/r. & Mrs. Steele).
ESCULENTUS L. Edible Galingale.

Preston: near Rowlesburg (Alerts & Guttenberg). Pres-
ton: near Aurora (Mr. & Mrs. Steele).

strigosus L. Lank Galingale.

Low grounds. Jackson: near Sandyville. Monongalia:
near Morgantown. Fayette: near Nuttallburg (Nuttall).
Preston: near Aurora (l/r. & Jlrs. Steele). Tucker: bed
of Shavers Fork near Parsons (Greenman, 125).

REFRACTUS Engelm.
Fayette: near Hawk's Nest (7. C. Porter).

. RETROFRACTUS (L.) Torr.

Along the Guyandot River below Baileysville, Wyoming
County, altitude 1,100 feet, August 18, 1900 (Jforris, 1236a).
LANCASTRIENSIS Porter.
Summers: shores of New River. near Hinton.
FILICULMIS Vahl.
Along the Guyandot River below Baileysville, Wyoming
County, altitude 1,100 feet (ferris, 1267). Mason: near
Point Pleasant (Sheldon, 1940).

KYLLINGA Rott.

. puMILA Michx:

Fayette: near Nuttallburg (.\uttall); opposite Gauley
Junction (Eggleston, 5528).

DULICHIUM L. C. Richard.

ARUNDINACEUM (L.) Britton. D. spathaceum Pers.

Along streams. Randolph: Tygart’s Valley River near
Huttonsville (Alillspaugh, Greenman, 92). Fayette: near
Nuttallburg (.Vuttall). :
218 THE WEST VIRGINIA FLORA

ELEOCHARIS R. Br.

E. TuBErcuLosa (Michx.) R. & S.

Sands of New River. Fayette: near Nuttallburg (Nuti-
all).

E. ovata (Roth.) R. & S. (E. obtusa Schult.)

Wet places. Fayette: along turnpike opposite Gauley
Junction (Eggleston, 5527-6). Randolph: near Pickens (H.
fH. Smith, 1362). Muddy places. Upshur: near Buck-
hannon. Randolph: Tygart’s Valley River. Fayette: near
Kanawha Falls (James); near Nuttallburg (Nuttall). Pres-
ton: near Aurora (Mr. & Mrs. Steel). Monongalia: near
Morgantown (Sheldon, 675). Randolph: Tygarts Valley
River, near Elkins and Huttonsville; and Tucker: near Par-
sons (Greenman, 104, 105, 100, 107, 108).

E. patustris (L.) R. & S.

Ohio: near Wheeling (Mertz & Guttenberg). Fayette:

near Nuttallburg (Nuttall) :
Var. GLAUCESCENS ( Willd.) Gray.

Jefferson: near Harper’s Ferry (Mertz & Guttenberg).
Preston: near Aurora (Mr. & Mrs. Steele).

E. tenuts (Willd.) Schult. “Kill Cow.” “Poverty Grass.”

Damp places, abundant everywhere.

Note.—The above names are applied along Tygart’s Val-
ley River, where in places this species grows so abundant as
to take whole fields, and as cattle will not thrive upon it,
these names suggested themselves.

E, actcu.aris (L.) R. & S.
Jefferson: near Harper’s Ferry (Mertz & Guttenberg).
E. TRICOSTATA Torrey.

In wet places. Monongalia: along Tibbs Run (Sheldon,
595).

FIMBRISTYLIS Vahl.

F. autumnatis (L.) Roem. & Schult.
Fayette: near Nuttallburg (Nuttall).

SCIRPUS,. L.
S. AMERICANUS Pers. S. pungens Vahl.
Jefferson: near Harper’s Ferry (Mertz & Guttenberg).
S. vatipus Vahl. (S. lacustris Am. auth.).

Tucker: bank of Shavers Fork, near Parsons (Greenman,
121). Glady places. Fayette: near Nuttallburg (Nuttall) ?
S. pepiris Pursh.
Wet places. Tucker: bed of Shavers Fork, near Parsons
(Greenman, 69).
oO

WEST VUORGINLA GEOLOGICAL SURVEY 219

. SYLVATICUS L.

Glady places. Fayette: near Nuttallburg (Nuttall).

. ATROVIRENS, Muhl.

Boggy places. Monongalia: along the onongahela
River. Fayette: near Nuttallburg (Nuttall). Randolph:
near Pickens (H. H. Smith, 1394).

POLYPHYLLus Vahl.

Randolph: along Tygart’s Valley River; near Pickens
(Hf. fl. Sinith, 1393); near Harman (Greenman, 117).
Preston: near Aurora (Air. & Mrs. Steele). Fayette: near
Nuttallburg (Millspaugh).

. LINEATUS Michx. Cotton Grass.

Low grounds. Monongalia: along Falling Run, above
the campus.

. CYPERINUS (L) Kunth. Wool Grass.

Wet meadow lands. Monongalia, frequent. Upshur:
near Buckhannon. Webster: in Long Glade. Kanawha:
up 8-Mile Creek. Tucker: bank of Shavers Fork, near Par-
sons; and Randolph: top of main ridge of the Alleghany
Mountains opposite Spruce Knob (Greenman, 118, 120).

. ErR10opHORUM Michx.

Low, wet places. Barbour: near Tygart Junction (Green-
man, 326).

ERIOPHORUM L.

. VirGINIcUM L.

Damp places. Fayette: near Nuttallburg. Preston: near
Cranberry Summit (Merts & Guttenberg); near Aurora
(Mr. & Mrs. Steelc).

RYNCHOSPORA, Vahl.

. GLOMERATA (L.) Vahl. Beak-rush.

Low grounds. Webster: Upper Glade. Alonongalia:
near Morgantown. Fayette: near Nuttallburg (Nuttall).
Preston: near Aurora (Mr. & Mrs. Steele). Pocahontas:
near Travelers Repose (Greenman, 122). Tucker: banks
of the Blackwater River near Hendricks (Greenman, 127).

CAREX L.

. FOLLICULATA L.

Margins of streams. Tucker: near Falls of Blackwater.

. INTUMESCENS Rudge.

Wet places. Fayette: near Nuttallburg. Tucker: near
Falls of Blackwater. Randolph: in Blister Swamp near
Gandy Creek (Greenman, 58). Preston: near Terra Alta.

. Asa-Gravi Bailey. Gray’s Sedge. (C. Gray Carey).

Meadows and copses. Upshur: near Beech Fork. .
220 THE WEST VIRGINIA. FLORA.,

C:

C.

a

CY HO (Oe OO}

LUPULINA, \uhl. Hop Sedge.
Wet places. Upshur: near Laurentz (Millspaugh). Ran-
dolph: near Huttonsville (Greenman, 60).
UTRICULATA Boott.
In a meadow at Bargers Spring, Summers County, alti-
tude 1,500 feet, July 13, 1900 (Morris, 995).

. LURIDA Wahl. Pale Sedge. (C. tentacula, Muhl.)

Swampy spots. Monongalia: along Falling Run. Wood:
near Lockhart’s Run. Fayette: near Nuttallburg (Nuttall).
Randolph: Dry Fork River, near Harman (Greenman, 61).
Randolph: near Pickens (H. H. Smith, 1352).

. Baireyr Britton. Slender, Pale Sedge.

On mossy boulders. Webster: along Buffalo Bull Moun-
tain, alt. 2,575 feet. Tucker: near Falls of Blackwater.

. Franxit Kunth. (C. stenolepis Torr.)

Damp meadows. Monongalia: along Falling Run. Fay-
ette: near Nuttallburg (Nuttall).

. SQUARROSA L.

River banks. Monongalia: mouth of Falling Run, Fay-
ette: near Nuttallburg (Nuttall).

. TYPHNOIDES Schwein.

Banks of the Ohio river near Point Pleasant, Mason Co
(A. Lee Post 1725). Monongalia: near Morgantown (Shel-
don 3582).

. SHorTIANA Dewey.

Ohio: near Wheeling (Mertz, 3320).

. stricta Lam.

Sphagnum Swamp. Fayette: near Nuttallburg (Nuttall).

. TORTA Boott.

Cold, damp places. Fayette: near Nuttallburg (Nuttall).

. PRASINA Wahl.

Fayette: bed of Keeney’s Creek, near Nuttallburg (Nutt-
all).

. CRINITA Lam.

Damp swales. General throughout the State even in the
higher mountains.

. CRINITA X C. pRASINA ? Bailey in Millsp. Prel. Cat. Fl. W. Va.

460.
Fayette: along a run in Sugar Camp Hollow (Nuttall).

. VIRESCENS Muhl.

Banks and copses. Wood: near Lockhart’s Run.

. COSTELLATA Britton. (C. virescens costata Dew.)
Banks. Fayette: near Nuttallburg (Nuttall). Preston:
near Aurora (Mr. & Airs. Steele).
. TRICEPS Michx.

Dry pastures. Wood: near Kanawha Station. Fayette:
woodland border of swamp near Nuttallburg (Nuttall).
WEST VIRGINIA GEOLOGICAL SURVEY 221

C. tenuis Rudge. (C. debilis Rudgei Bailey.)

On mossy boulders. Randolph: summit of Rich \lountain,

alt. 2,850 ft.; undrained meadows of Tygart’s Valley River;
Point Mountain, on perfectly dry rock, alt. 3,650 ft.

A very common sedge in the mountains on mossy boulders

and along runs. Beautiful growths occur all along the Black-

water Fork of Cheat. Fayette: near Nuttallburg ( Nuttall.)

. OBLITA Stend. (C. venusta minor Boeck. )
Fayette: near Masterton’s Swamp, Nuttallburg ( Nuttall.)

OLIGOCARPA Schk.
Rich hillsides; Ohio: near Wheeling (Jferts, 3257).

. Hircucocnrina Dewey.
Ohio: near Wheeling (Mertz).
GRACILLIMA Schw.
Low grounds. Tucker: near Falls of Blackwater. Fay-
ette: near Nuttallburg (\uttall).
C. AMPHIBOLA Stend. (C. grisea augustifolia Boott).
Fayette: on banks near Nuttallburg (.\Vuttall).
C. GLAucopEA Tuck.
Meadows; Fayette: near Nuttallburg (Nuttall).
C. GRANULARIS Muhl.

Monongalia: in a damp meadow near Morgantown (Shel-
don 3588).

C. LAXIFLoRA Lam.

Ohio: on Thomas Hill near Wheeling. Greenbrier: near
White Sulphur Springs (Heller, 1314).

Var. LATIFOLIA Boott.

Deep woods. Monongalia: banks of Day Creek. Wirt:
banks of Straight Creek. Fayette: near Nuttallburg (.Vutt-
all).

Tar. PATULIFOLIA (Dewey) Carey.
Fayette: shady bank, near Nuttallburg (Nuttall).
C. pierraALis, Willd.
In deep woods. Grant: near Bayard. Fayette: near Nutt-
allburg (.Vuttall).
LAXICULMIS Schw.
Glady places. Fayette: near Nuttallburg (.Vuttall).
PLATYPHYLLA Carey.
Fayette: near Nuttallburg (.Vuttall).
PLANTAGINEA Lam.
Rich wood. Fayette: near Nuttallburg (\Vwttall).
vartA Aluhl.
Fayette: near Nuttallburg (.Vuttall).
PennsyLyanicA Lam.
Ohio: near Wheeling (A/ertz & Guttenberg). Greenbrier:
near White Sulphur Springs (Heller, 829).

Cr hs 3h =e

Oe toa
222 THE WEST VIRGINIA FLORA

C. PEDICELLATA (Dewey) Britton. (C. communis Bailey).

Fayette: dry soil under cliffs, near Nuttallburg (Nuttall).

C. JameEsit Schwein.

Fayette: open woods near Nuttallburg (Nuttall).

C. POLYTRICHOIDES Willd. (C. leptalea Wahl.)

Fayette: sphagnum swamp near Nuttallburg (Nuttall).

C, Frasert And. Frazer’s Sedge.

The following remarks of Prof. T. C. Porter render it
evident that this rare and odd sedge came originally from
Randolph or Barbour county, each of which lies between tlie
headwaters of the two Kanawhas:

“Muhlenberg, in his Descriptio uberior Graminwm, etc., p.
265, under C. lagopus ?, which is C. Fraseri, Andrews, adds
these words, ‘Habitat in Tyger-Valley, Pennsylvania, eunde
siccant habeo et vivam. Kin, the German gardner who col-
lected in Pennsylvania, brought it home, and his label reads
thus: “Deigher Walli in der Wilternus.. Dr. Gray has
shrewdly conjectured that by ‘Deigher Walli,’ or Tygert Val-
ley, is meant Tygart’s Valley, which lies further south in
Virginia.” Ina footnote, Prof. Porter adds “‘a box contain-
ing “the Carices of Muhlenberg has just been discovered
(1877) in the herbarium of the Academy, Philadelphia, and
the label attached to the specimens of Kin’s collection places
Tyger Valley ‘prope amnem Kenahway.’”

As the two Kanawhas lie entirely within the State of
West Virginia, there seems to be little doubt as to the pro-
priety of including this species in this Flora.

Since writing the above Mr. Nuttall has found a plentifut
station for this species near Nuttallburg in the Great Kana-
wha region.

C. stipata Muhl.

Ohio: near Wheeling (Mertz & Guttenberg). Fayette:

near Nuttallburg (Nuttall). Mercer: near Bluefield.
C. vuLPINOIDEA Michx.

Monongalia: along Falling Run. Wirt: near Burning
Spring. Fayette: near Nuttallburg (Nuttall). Randolph:
near Pickens (H. H. Smith 1357).

C. ROSEA Schk.
Fayette: R. R. bank near Nuttallburg (Nuttall).
Var. rApIAtTA Dewey.

Open places. Monongalia: near Round Bottom. Wirt:
along Straight Creek. Randolph: on Point Mountain, alt.
3,450 ft.; also on a dry rock, alt. 3,650 ft. (Millspaugh) ;
western slope of the main ridge of the Alleghany Mountains
above Horton (Greenman, 116). Fayette: cliffs, rocks and
banks, near Nuttallburg (Nuttall).
WEST VIRGINIA GEOLOGICAL SURVEY 223

C. RETROFLEXA Muhl.
Fayette: Swampy place near Nuttallburg (Nuttall).
C. SsPARGANIOIDES Muhl.

Fayette: wet open banks near Nuttallburg (Nuttall).

C. Mumvenpercit Schk., var.—Bailey in Millsp. Prel. Cab. Fl.

An intermediate between the type and variety enervis, fide
Bailey. Randolph: on an undrained meadow along Tygart’s
Valley River, near Cricard.

Var, XALAPENSIS (Kth.) Britton,

Opens. Lewis: along Leading Creek.
C. CEPHALoPHORA Muhl.

Fayette: banks near Nuttallburg (Nuttall).
C. BRUNESCENS (Pers.) Poir.

Pendleton: on Spruce Knob, alt. 4,860 ft. (A. B. Brooks
3307).

C. BRUNNESCENS GRACILIoR Britton. (C. canescens vulgaris Bailey).

On a dry conglomerate rock. Randolph: summit of Rich
Mountain, alt. 2,850 ft.

C. trrpuLorpes Wahl.

In a springy rill. Wood: near Kanawha Station.
Var. TURBATA Bailey.

Fayette: low copse near Nuttallburg (Nuttall).
C. scoparta Schk.

Open swales. Alonongalia: along Falling Run. Fayette
banks of river and in sphagnum bog near Nuttallburg (Nutt-
all) ; dry glade, Alderson Farm (Nuttall).

C. stRAMINEA Willd.
Dry soils. Fayette: near Nuttallburg (Nuttall).
C. SCABRATA Schwein.

Randolph: in a mountain ravine near Whitmar (Green-

man, 59).
C. BicKNELLt Britton.
Monongalia: in dry soil near Tibb’s Run (Sheldon 593).

ARACEAE.

ARISAEMA Mart.

A. trrpuyLttum (L.), Torr. Jack-in-the-Pulpit.

Rich, damp woods. Common throughout the State.
A. Dracontium (L.) Schott. Green Dragon.

Low grounds. Gilmer: near Glenville (Mapel).

SPATHYEMA Raf. (1808).

(Symplocarpus, Salisb. 1812.)

S. roretipa (L.), Raf. Skunk Cabbage.
Boggy meadows. Preston: near Terra Alta, Monongalia:
on the Dille farm.
ty
to
Bs

THE WEST VIRGINIA. FLORA

Reported from: Brooke: near Wellsburg and Fowlers.
Berkeley: near Alartinsburg and Hedgesville. Barbour:
near Belington. Cabell: near Milton. Grant: near Medley,
Greenland, Mount Storm, Maysville and Petersburg. Green
brier: near Trout Valley and Fort Spring. Hampshire: near
Slanesville and Capon Bridge. Harrison: near Lost Creek,
Bridgeport and Good Hope. Hardy: near Wardensville and
Old Fields. Hancock: near Fairview and New Cumberland.
Jefferson: near Kabletown and Summit Point. Jackson:
near Odaville. Lewis: near Walkersville. Mercer: near
New Bramwell and Princeton. Mason: near Maggie.
Mineral: near Blaine. Marion: near Gray’s Flats. Mar-
shall; near St. Joseph and Glen Easton. Ohio: near West
Liberty. Pocahontas: near Lobelia. Pleasants: near Schultz.
Preston: near Terra Alta, \lasontown, Eglon and Amblers-
burg. Randolph: near Lee Bell, Kerens and Cricard. Roane:
near Clio. Summers: near Talcott and Clayton. Taylor:
near JXnottsville. Upshur: near Kanawha Haad and Hem-
lock. Wayne: near Adkin’s Mills. Wetzel: near Littleton,
Pine Grove and Blake. Wirt: near Burning Springs, Evelyn
and Reedy Ripple. Wood: near Rockport. Webster: near
Replete.

ACORUS L.
A. Catamus L. Calamus. Sweet-flag.

Swampy places. Lewis: along Stone Coal Creek. Ran-
dolph: near Valley Bend, Cricard, and on Point Mountain,
alt. 3,050 ft. Gilmer: near Glenville (\/apel). Berkeley:
near \lartinsburg.

ORONTIUDL Linn.
O. aguaticum Linn. Golden Club.

In watery bogs and slow streams. Grant: in Abram Creek
(F. E. Brooks).

LEMNACEAE,

LEMNA L.
L. minor L. Duck-weed.
Stagnant waters. Putnam: near Buffalo.

€O MALE TALN.A CE AE:

TRADESCANTIA, L.
T. Virctintana L. Spiderwort.

Rich grounds. Kanawha: near Charleston (Barnes).
Gilmer: near Glenville (JA/ape/). Fayette: near Nuttallburg
(Nuttall). Wirt, along Straight Creek and near Burning
Springs. Hardy: near Moorefield.
WEST VIRGINIA GEOLOGICAL SURVEY 225

. PILOSA, Lehm. Hairy Spiderwort.
On boulders. Wirt: abundant beyond Burning Springs,
and along Straight Creek.

COMMELINA L.

. Vircinica L. Day Flower.
Damp opens. Fayette: near Nuttallburg, rare (Nuttall).
Hardy: near Moorefield (./. B. Brooks).

JUNCACEAE.

JENCUS L:.
. EFrusus L. Soft Rush.

Marshy ground. Kanawha: near Charleston (James).
Fayette: near Nuttallburg (.Vuttall). Common throughout.
Randolph: in Blister Swamp near Gandy Creek (Greenman,
TT?)

. SETACEUS Rostk.
Fayette: near Loup reek (?) (James).
. MARGINATUS Rostk.

Moist sandy soils. Kanawha: near Charleston (James).
Common throughout. Fayette: near Nuttallburg (.Vuttall).
Preston: near Aurora (Mr. & Mrs. Steele).

. TENUIS Willd. ‘Poverty Grass.”
Roadsides and ditches. Abundant throughout the State.
. TENUIS ANTHELATUS Wiegand.

In reddish, clayey soil. Randolph: near Glady (Green-
man, TIO). :
. ACUMINATUS Michx.

Damp places. Monongalia and Marion: on the \lonon-
gahela River. \Vebster:in \Welch and Long Glades. Fayette:
near Nuttallburg (\/illspaugh). Preston: near Aurora (Mr.
& Mrs. Steele).

. Noposus L.
Fayette: near Nuttallburg (Nuttall).
. CANADENSIS J. Gay.

Monongalia: near Little Falls. Fayette: near Nuttallburg
(Nuttall). Preston: near Aurora (Mr. & Airs. Steele).

. BREVICAUDATUS (Engelm.) Fernald.

Randolph: in a cold spruce swamp near “The Sink”, Gandy
Creek; also at Glady; and Pendleton: on the main ridge of
the Alleghany Mountains opposite Spruce Knob (Greenman.
TIS, 113)s
. CANADENSIS SUBCAUDATUS Engelm.

Tucker: among rocks along the Blackwater River near
Hendricks, and along Shavers Fork near Parsons (Green-
man, 128, 129).
226 THE WEST VIRGINIA FLORA

de

ee

JUNCOIDES Adans.

SALTUENSIS Heller. (Lusula saltuensis Fernald, L. vernalis
Man. not DC. Juncoides pilosum Coville not Kuntze.
Ohio: on Thomas’s Hill near Wheeling (Alertz & Gutten-
berg). Fayette: near Nuttallburg (.Vuttall). Upshur: near
French Creek (F. E. Brooks).

. CAMPESTRE (L.) Kuntze. (Luzula campestris DC.)

Ohio: near Benwood (Mertz & Guttenberg). Tyler: near
Long Reach Fayette: near Nuttallburg (Nuttall). Mon-
ongalia: near Morgantown.

MELANTHACEAE.
CHAMAELIRIUM Wiild.

. LUTEUM (L.), Gray. Blazing Star. Devil’s-bit.

Glades. Preston: near Terra Alta and Kingwood. \eb-
ster: in Welsh, Long and Collett’s Glades. Gilmer: near
Glenville (Mapel). Preston: near Aurora (Mr. & Afrs.
Stecle). Fayette: near Nuttallburg (Nuttall).

CHROSPERMA Raf. (1825)
(Amianthium, Gray 1837)

. MUSCAETOXICUM (Walt.) Kuntze. Fly Foison.

Low rich grounds. Monongalia: Ice’s Ferry. Preston:
near Terra Alta.

MELANTHIUM. L.

. Vireinicum L. Bunch-flower.

Glades. Preston: near Terra Alta and in Morgan’s Glade.
Monongalia: glades near Booth’s Creek. Webster: Second
Glade. Nicholas: Collett’s Glade.

. PARVIFLORUM (Michx.), Watson.

Greenbrier: near White Sulphur Springs (Alerts & Gut-
tenberg).

VERATRUM L.

. VIRIDE, Ait. American White Hellebore.

Rich wet spots in deep mountain woods. Randolph: on
Point Mountain. Webster: Buffalo Bull Mountain. Grant
and Tucker: common along streams.

UVULARIA L.
PERFOLIATA L.  Bellwort.

Rich woods. Marion and Monongalia: along the Monon-
gahela River. Gilmer: near Glenville (A/apel, Prof. Brown).
Fayette: near Nuttallburge (Nuttall). Greenbrier: near
White Sulphur Springs (Eggleston, 4341).
WEST VIRGINIA GEOLOGICAL SURVEY 227

. SESSILIFOLIA L, Oakesia sessilifolia (L.), Wats.
Low rich woods. Gilmer: near Glenville (Alapel).

Fayette: near Nuttallburg (Nuttall). Mercer: near Beaver

ee Greenbrier: near White Sulphur Springs (Eggleston,

4301).

. GRANDIFLORA J. E. Smith.

On a north slope in rich woods along Horsepen Creek be-
tween McDowell County, West Virginia, and Tazewell
County, Virginia, alt. 1,900 ft., July 31, 1goo (A/orris, 1100).
. PUBERULA Michx.

In mountain woods. Greenbrier: near White Sulphur
Springs (Eggleston, 4358).

LILIACEAE,

HEMEROCALLIS L.
. FutvA L. Day-lily. “Eve’s Thread”.

Roadsides and fields. A frequent escape from cultivation
Monongalia: near Morgantown and Cassville. Hampshire-
near Bloomery, where ‘it has become widely scattered by
ploughing.”

ALLIUM L.
VINEALE L. Field Garlic.

Cultivated fields. Jefferson: a vile and abundant weed in
wheat fields. Mlonongalia: along the Monongahela below
Morgantown.

Reported as a weed from: Berkeley: near Oakton, \[ar-
tinsburg and Hedgesville. Barbour: near Belington. Brax-
ton: near Lloydsville. Cabell: near Union Ridge. Dodd-
ridge: near Smithton. Grant: near Medley. Greenbrier:
near Trout Valley and White Sulphur Springs. Hamp-
shire: near Slanesville, Three Churches, Capon Bridge,
Bloomery, Dillon’s Run, Higginsville and Springfield. Har-
rison: near Good Hope and Bridgeport. Hardy: near War-
densville and Moorefield. Jefferson: near Summit Point,
Mohler’s, Leetown, Charlestown, Ripon, Middleway and
Kabletown, Jackson: near Sandy. Kanawha: near Blan-
don. Lincoln: near Hamlin. Mercer: near Princeton, and
Concord Church. Marion: near Barracksville and Gray’s
Flat. Monongalia: near Morgantown. Ohio: near West
Liberty. Preston: near Terra Alta, Reedsville, Amblersburg
and Independence. Ritchie: near Ritchie C. H. Roane:
near Walnut Grove. Summers: Talcott. Taylor: near
Knottsville, Thornton and Grafton. Upshur: near Kanawha
Head. Wayne: near Adkin’s Mills. Wetzel: near Endi-
cott and Blake. Wirt: near Reedy Ripple. \Wood: near
Waverly, Blennerhassett and Rockport.

“
228

A.

Tess

THE WEST VIRGINIA FLORA

tTRIcoccuM, Ait. Wild Leek. “Ramps.”

Rich Mountain woods. Grant: near Bayard, abundant.
Tucker: abundant along Blackwater Fork of Cheat. Green-
brier: near White Sulphur Springs. Randolph: near Pick-
ens (H. H. Smith); near the mountain top above Horton
(Greenman, 98). Ohio: near Wheeling; and Upshur: near
Helvetia (Mertz & Guttenberg).

. CERNUUM Roth, Wild Onion,

Greenbrier: near White Sulphur Springs. Fayette: near
Nuttallburg (Nuttall). Ohio: near Wheeling (Mertz &
Guttenberg). Summers: near Hinton. Monongalia: near
Camp Eden, and banks of Decker’s Creek.

. CANADENSE, L. Wild Garlic.

Ohio: near Wheeling (Mertz & Guttenberg). Fayette:
near Loup Creek (James).

LILIUM L.

PHILADELPHICUM L. Wild Red Lily. “Glade Lily.”

Dry or damp grounds. Monongalia: in Clinton District
(M. H. Brown) néar Stewartstown, and Ice’s Ferry. Marion.
along the F., M. & P. R. R. Gilmer: near Glenville (Ma-
pel). Webster: in the glades, where it is called “Glade Lily”
(Mapel). Hardy: near Moorefield (G.). Fayette: near
Nuttallburg (Nuttall).

. SUPERBUM L. Turk’s-cap Lily.

Rich, low grounds. Randolph: summit Point Mountain,
alt. 3,700 ft. Monongalia: near Morgantown and Stew-
artstown. Hardy: near Moorefield (Gamble). Upshur: near
Newlin (H. AH. Smith, 1792). Pocahontas: at Travelers
Repose (Greenman, 71).

. CANADENSE L. Wild Yellow Lily.

Moist meadows. Calhoun: along Laurel Run. Gilmer:
near Glenville (Mapel). Preston: near Aurora (Mr. & Jlrs.
Steele). Randolph: summit Point Mountain, alt. 2,125 ft.
Monongafia: near Ice’s Ferry.

TIGRINUM Ker. Tiger Lily.

Established from gardens. Jefferson, Berkeley, Morgan,
Hampshire and Mineral: along the B. & O. R. R. Calhoun:
near Brookville. Monongalia: near Morgantown.

ERYTHRONIUM L.

. AxertcANUM Ker. Yellow .\dder’s Tongue. Dog’s Tooth

Violet.

Rich open woods along streams. Monongalia and Marion:
along the Monongahela River. Gilmer: near Glenville
(Mapel; Brown). Fayette: near Nuttallburg (Nuttall)
M.

WEST VIRGINI.\ GEOLOGICAL SURVEY 229

Frequent or common throughout the State. Hardy: near
Moorefield (Gamble).

. ALBIDUM Nutt.

Rich soil, Kanawha region, along Coal and Len’s Creeks,
Ohio Co., near Mt. de Chantal (Boutlou).

QUAMASIA Raf.

. HYACINTHINA (Raf.) Britton. (Camassia Fraseri Torr.)

Rich ground. Ohio: near Wheeling (Mertz & Gutten-
berg). Gilmer: near Glenville (Mapel).

ORNITHOGALUM L.

. UMBELLATUM L. Star of Bethlehem.

Escaped from gardens. Monongalia: abundant and per-
sistent on the line of the F.. M. & P. R. R. from Morgan-
town to Coburn’s Creek. Gilmer: near Glenville (Mapel).

. NuTANS L.

In a ravine above the glass factory north of Morgantown,
Monongalia County (Boutlou).

MUSCARI Mill.

sorryorwes (L.), Mill. Grape Hyacinth. ;
Escaped from gardens. Monongalia: near Uffington.
Gilmer: near Glenville (Mapel).

. RACEMOSUM (L.) Mill.

Widely escaped and established at the junction of Aarons
Run and Deckers Creek, Monongalia County, near Morgan-
town (Moffatt).

ALETRIS L.

. FARINOSA L. Star Grass. Colic Root.

Sandy moist soils. Webster: in Upper Glade. Fayette:
near Nuttallburg (Nuttall).

CONVALLARIACEAE.
ASPARAGUS L.

. OFFICINALIS L. Asparagus.

Woods and opens; a frequent escape. Jefferson: near
Shenandoah Junction, plentiful. Monongalia: plentiful along
Cheat River, near Ice’s Ferry, and at Stewartstown. Mason:
near Point Pleasant. Berkeley: near Martinsburg. Hardy:
near Moorefield.

CLINTONITA Raf.
BOREALIS (Ait.), Raf. Clinton’s Lily.

Cold damp weeds. Grant: near Bayard. Preston: in

Laurel hills. Tucker: near Davis. .
230 THE WEST VIRGINIA FLORA

C. UMBELLULATA (Michx.) Torr.

Rich woods. Randolph: on Rich Mountains. Grant: near
Bayard. Tucker: in Land of Canaan. Gilmer: near Glen-
ville (Brown, Mapel). Monongalia: near Morgantown.
Kanawha: near Coalburg (James). Fayette: near Nuttall-
burg (Nuttall). Hardy: near Moorefield (Gamble). Bar-
bour: near Tygart Junction (Greenman, 94). \IcDowell:
near Elkhorn. Mercer: Bluestone Jc.

VAGNERA <Adans.

V. RAcEMOsA (L.) Morong. (Unifolium racenvosuin (L.) Britton).
Rich woods. Common throughout the State.

UNIFOLUM Adans (1763).

U. CaANnaADENSE (Desf.), Greene. (Smilacina bifolia Canadensis
A. Gray).
Low, rich woods. Common throughout the northern and
eastern counties. Fayette: near Nuttallburg (Nuttall).

DISPORUM Salisb.

D. LANucINosuM (Michx.) Nichols. (Prosartes lanuginosa, Don.)

Rich woods. Monongalia: near Morgantown. Preston:

near Terra Alta. Mineral: near Keyser (Workman). Fay-

ette: near Nuttallburg (Nuttall). Grant: near Bayard. Mer-

cer: Bluestone Jc. Greenbrier: near White Sulphur Springs

(Eggleston, 4343). Preston: near Aurora (Mr. & Mrs.
Steele).

STREPTOPUS Michx.

S. roseEus Alichx. Twisted Stalk.
Cold, damp woods. Upshur: along Sand Run. Preston:
near Terra Alta. Tucker: near Blackwater Fails. Grant:
near Bayard. Randolph: western slopes of Cheat Mountains.

SALOMONIA Heist.
(Poly gonatwin Adans.)

S. sirtora (Walt.) Britton.
Rich woods and wooded banks. Frequent generally
S. commMutata (R. & 8.) Britton. (P. giganteum, Dietr.)
Edges of meadows. Nicholas: near Beaver Mills. Gil-
mer: near Glenville (J/apel). Monongalia: the Flats near
Morgantown. Fayette: near Nuttallburg (Nuttall).
WEST VIRGINIA. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY 231

CONVALLARIA Linn.
C. majyavrts Linn. Lily-of-the-Valley.

High mountain woods. Pocahontas: near Winterburn
(A. B. Brooks).

MEDEOLA L.

M. Vireiniaxa L. Indian Cucumber.

Rich, damp woods. Upshur: along Sand Run. Grant
and Tucker: in the mountains woods, plentiful. Gilmer:
near Glenville (.Jfapel). Monongalia: near Morgantown.
Kanawha: near Coalburg (James). Fayette: near Nuttall-
burg (Nuttall)., and elsewhere frequent. \JcDowell: near
Elkhorn.

TRILLIUM L.

T. sessILe L. Sessile-flowered Purple Trillium.

Moist woods. Alonongalia and \larion: abundant along

the Monongahela River. Gilmer: near Glenville (Brown).
T. erectum L. Purple Trillium.

Rich woods. Throughout the northern and eastern por-

tions of the State. McDowell: near Elkhorn.
Var. ALBUM Pursh.

Monongalia: near Morgantown. Gilmer: near Glenville

(Mapel, Brown). Taylor: near Valley Falls (.V. S. Hayes).
Var. pEcLINATUM Millsp. Prel. Cat. Fl. W. Va., 453 (1902).

Gilmer: near Glenville (J/apel). Mason: near Point
Pleasant. Jackson: near Ravenswood.

(NotE:—This form appears to be sufficiently different
from T. erectum, and T. cernum, to retain it; otherwise IJ
could not list the specimens gathered.)

T. GRANDIFLoRUM (Michx.) Salisb. White Trillium.

Rich woods. Abundant throughout the northern counties.
Gilmer: near Glenville (J/apel, Prof. Brown). Fayette:
near Nuttallburg (Nuttall). \M[cDowell: near Elkhorn.
Greenbrier: near \White Sulphur Springs (Heller, 840).

T. cernuum L. Wake Robin.

Moist woods. Gilmer: near Glenville (l/apel). Fayette:
near Nuttallburg (Vwttall).

T. nivaLe Riddell. Dwarf White Trillium.

In moss of wet rocks. Monongalia: along Quarry Run.
Grant: along Buffalo Creek. Randolph: along runs feeding
Shaver’s Fork of Cheat. Tucker: along Beaver Creek, and
Blackwater Fork of Cheat.

T. unputatum Willd. (T. erythrocarpum Michx.)

Cold deep ravines along runs. Grant: near Bayard.
Randolph: Cheat River (Milispaugh): near Whitmar
(Greenman, 73). Tucker: along Black Water Fork. Fay-
ette: near Nuttallburg, alt. 2,000 ft., rare (Nuttall). Mc-
232 THE WEST VIRGINIA FLORA

Dowell: near Elkhorn. Taylor: near Valley Falls (WV. S.
Hayes). Mercer: Bluestone Jc. Preston: near Aurora
(Mr. & Mrs. Steele).

SLAC EAE,

SMILAX L.

S. HERBACEA L. Carrion Flower.
Thickets. Monongalia: plentiful at the Flats. Fayette:
near Nuttallburg, rare (Nuttall).
S. RoTUNDIFOLIA L. Greenbrier.
_Thickets, too common throughout the State.
S. cLauca Walt.

Dry thickets. Kanawha: near Charleston. (Barnes).
Fayette: near Nuttallburg (Nuttall). Monongalia: along
Cheat River near Ice’s Ferry.

S. TAMNIFOLIA Michx.
Dry soils. Preston: near Aurora (Mr. & Mrs. Steele).
-S. Pseupo-Cuina L.

Dry soils. Monongalia: plentiful on the Flats; near
Morgantown.

S. uispipA Muhl. Bristly Sarsaparilla.

Rich soil. Marion: near Fairmont. Preston: near Aurora
(Mr. & Mrs. Stcele).

AMARYLLIDACEAE.

HYPONIS L.

H. urrsuta (L.) Coville. Star Grass. Yellow-eyed Grass.
(11. erecta L.).

Open places. Fayette: near Nuttallburg, common (Nutt-
all). Lewis: up Stone Coal Creek. Monongalia: along
Cheat River near Camp Eden, plentiful. Hardy: near
Moorefield (Gamble). Mercer: near Bluefield.

DIOSCOREACEAE.

DIOSCOREA L.

D. cLauca Muhl. Wild Yam-root. Colic-root. (D. villosa Flora).
Thickets and rich woods. Randolph: on Point Mountain,

alt. 3,450 ft. Gilmer: near Glenville (Mapel). Fayette:
near Nuttallburg, pistillate plants rare (Nuwttall). Grant
and Tucker: plentiful in the mountain woods. Monongalia:
plentiful. Greenbrier: near White Sulphur Springs. Sum-
mers: near Hinton. Hardy: near Moorefield. McDowell:
near Elkhorn. Mercer: Bluestone Junction. Preston: near
WEST VIRGINIA GEOLOGICAL SURVEY 233

Aurora (Mr. & Mrs. Steele); near Albright (Bartlett).
Barbour: (Greeniian). Monongalia: (Jennings). Upshur:
near Buckhannon (Pollock). Randolph: near Pickens (fH.
HT, Smith, 1846).

IRIDACEAE.

IRIS L.

. VERSICOLOR L. Blue Flag.

Ditches and wet lands. Preston: near Terra Alta and

Reedsville.

. VERNA L, : Dwarf Iris.

Hardy: near Moorefield (Gamble).
. CRISTATA Ait. Dwarf Crested Iris. _

Rich woods. Monongalia: near Morgantown, plentiful.
Gilmer: near Glenville (Mapel; Brown). Fayette: near
Nuttallburg (Nuttall). Marion: along the Monogahela
River, plentiful.

SISYRINCHIUM L.

. ANGUSTIFOLIUM Mill. Blue-eyed Grass. S. Bermudianum
Gray, not. L.

Moist grassy places. Fayette: near Kanawha Falls
(James); near Nuttallburg (Nuttall). Gilmer: near Glen-
ville (Mapel). Monongalia: near Morgantown, and else-
where common.

. GRAMINOIDES Bicknell. (S. anceps S. Wats.)
Grassy places. Fayette: meadows near Nuttallburg (Nutt-

all). Monongalia: near Morgantown (Sheldon, 1582).

. MuCRONATUM Michx.

Meadows. Preston: near Cranesville (Sheldon, 1509).

ORCHIDACEAE.

CYPRIPEDIUM L.

. PARVIFLORUM Salisb. Small Lady’s Slipper.

Rich woods. Monongalia: near Morgantown. Marion:
near Opekiska and Fairmont. Gilmer: near Glenville (Ma-
pel; Brown). Mineral: near Keyser (Workman). Hardy:
near Moorefield (Gambie). Lewis: (Hingman).

. HirsutUM Mill. Large Lady’s Slipper. (C. pubescens Willd.)

Low woods. Same stations as the last. Fayette; near
Nuttallburg (Nuttall). Slope of Kate’s Mountain, alt. 3,300
ft. (Small; Eggleston, 4359; Heller, 821).

. ACAULE Ait. Moccasin Flower,

Dry or moist woods. Monongalia: near Cheat View,

plentiful. Preston: near Reedsville. Gilmer: near Glen-
234 THE WEST VIRGINIA FLORA

ville (Brown). Fayette: near Nuttallburg, alt. 2,000 ft., in
laurel thickets. Marion: along the F. M. & P. R. R.
Mineral: near Keyser (Workman) Kanawha: near Coal-
burg (James). Hardy: near Moorefield (Gamble). Web-
ster: near Tater Knob (H.-H. Smith, 1491). Upshur: near
Buckhannon (Pollock).

GALEORCHIS Rydb.

G. spectabiLis (L.) Rydb. Showy Orchid. (Orchis L.)

Rich woods. Monongalia: near Morgantown. Gilmer:

near Glenville (lapel; Brown). Fayette: near Nuttallburg,
rare (Nuttall). McDowell: near Elkhorn.

LYSIAS Salisb.

L. orpicutara (Pursh) Rvdb. (Habenaria orbiculata Torr.).

Rich woods. Randolph: near summit of Rich Mountain

(Millspaugh). Pendleton: in shade of spruce trees near

the summit of Spruce Knob (Brooks). Preston: near Au-
rora (Mr. & Mrs. Steele).

PERULARIA Lindl.
P. riava (L.) Rydb. (Hebenaria flava Gray).
Wet situations. Webster: in long Glade (Millspaugh).

GYMNADENIOPSIS Rydb.

G. CLAVELLATA (Michx.) Rydb. (Hebenaria tridentata Hook.).
Wet places. Webster: in Long Glade and Welsh Glade
(Millspaugh). Fayette: near Nuttallburg (Nuttall).

BLEPHARIGLOTTIS Raf.

B. cittaris (L.) Rydb. (Habenaria ciliaris R. Br.).
Wet sandy bogs. Webster: Welch and Long Glades.
Preston: near Terra Alta (Milispaugh). Fayette: near Nutt-
alburg, rare (Nuttall). Hardy: near Moorefield (Gamble).
B. Lracera (Michx.) Rydb. (Habenaria lacera R. Br.).
Bogs and moist thickets. Wood: near Lockharts Run
(Millspaugh). Preston: near Cranberry Summit (Mertz &
Guttenberg). Fayette: near Nuttallburg (Nuttall). Up-
shur: near French Creek (Brooks).
B. psycopes (L.) Rydb. (Hahenaria psycodes A. Gray).
Wet places. Randolph: on Rich Mountain; Grant: near
Bayard; Preston: near Terra Alta; Wayne: near Central
City (Millspangh) ; Pocahontas: (Pollock).
B. vERAMOENA (A. Gray) Rydb. (Habenaria peramocna Gray).
Moist meadow. Upshur: near French Creek (Brooks).
Preston: near Reedsville (Sicldon, 1896).
WEST VIRGINIA GEOLOGICAL SURVEY 235

ISOTRIA Rafin.

J. veRTICILLATA (Willd.) Raf. (Pogonia verticillata Nutt.).

Woodlands. Upshur: near French Creek, very abundant,

growing with Kalmia and Gaultheria; \Vebster: along the
Gauley River (F. E. Brooks).

POGONIA Juss.
P. opniocLossoipEs (L.), Ker.
Boggy places. Preston: near Cranberry Summit (ilertz
& Guttenberg). Fayette: near Nuttallburg (Nuttall).
Upshur: near French Creek (Brooks).

GYROSTACHYS Pers. (1807).
(Spiranthes, Rich. 1818).

G. cernua (L.) Kuntze. Ladies Tresses.

Wet meadows. Fayette: near Nuttallburg (Nuttall).
Monongaha; frequent throughout. Preston: near Aurora
(Mr. & Mrs. Steele).

G. GRraciLis (Bigel.) Kuntze. Twisted Stalk.

Sandy woods and fields. Fayette: near Nutallburg, in
hard, grassy ground (Nuttall). Monongalia: near Morgan-
town. Frequent throughout the State.

PERAMIUM Salisb. (1812).
(Goodycra, R. Br. 1813.)

P. REPENS (L.) Salisb.

In deep evergreen forests. Grant: under Black Spruce
near Bayard. Fayette: in deep Laurel thickets, rare, near
Nuttallburg (Nuttall). McDowell: near Elkhorn. Preston:
near Aurora (Mr. & Mrs. Steele).

P. pubescens (Willd.) MacM. Rattlesnake Plantain.

Rich woods. Monongalia: along Decker’s Creek and
Tibb’s Run. Fayette: near Nuttallburg, rare (Nuttall)
Preston: near Aurora (l/r. & Mrs. Steele). Nicholas: near
Beaver Mills. McDowell: near Welch. Webster: (H. H.
Smith, 1860).

P. opHIOIDES (Fernald) Rydb.

Cold mossy woodlands. Pocahontas: Cranberry Glades
(Brooks, 3859).

P. Menziestr (Lindl.) Morong.

In deep rich woods, Webster: near Tater Knob (H. H.
Sitith, 1860).

TIPULARIA Nutt.
T. untrotia (Muhl.) B.S. P.
Upshur: common at French Creek (F. E. & A. B. Brooks)
230 THE WEST VIRGINIA FLORA

TRIPHORA Nutt.

T. TRIANTHOPHORA (Sw.) Rydb. (Pogonia Sw.).
Upshur: near French Creek (Brooks).

ACHROANTHES Raf. (1808).
(Microstylis, Nutt. 1818).
A. uNIFoLta (Michx.) Raf.
Rich woodlands. Greenbrier: near White Sulphur Springs

(Mertz & Guttenberg). Fayette: near Nuttallburg, rare
(Nuttall).

LEPTORCHIS Thou. (1808).
(Liparis, Rich, 1818).

L. Litiirotia (L.) Kuntze. Tway-blade.
Rich woods. Monongalia: the Flats near Morgantown.
Gilmer: near Glenville (Mapel, Brown). Fayette: near
Nuttallburg (Nuttall).

CORALLORHIZA R. Br.

C. CorALLorHiza (L.) Karst. Coral root. (C. innata R. Br.)
Deep, rich woods. Grant: near Bayard. Fayette: near
Nuttallburg, alt. 2,000 ft. (Nuttall). Greenbrier: near White
Sulphur Springs.
C. opontTorHiIzA (Willd.), Nutt.

Rich woods. Gilmer: near Glenville (Mapel). Fay-
ette: near Nuttallburg, alt. 2,000 feet (Nuttall). Preston:
near Aurora (Mr. & Mrs. Steele)."

C. MULTIFLORA Nutt.

Woodlands. Fayette: near Nuttallburg, alt. 2,000 feet

(Nuttall). Preston: near Aurora (Mr. & Mrs. Steele).

APLECTRUM Nutt.

A. HYEMALE (Muhl.) Torrey. (A. spicatum B. S. P.).
Rich woods. Monongalia: near Morgantown. Gilmer:
near Glenville (Mape/). Fayette: near Nuttallburg (Nuttall).

LIMODORUM L. (1753).
(Calopgon, R. Br. 1813).

L. TUBEROSUM L. C. pulchellus, R. Br.
Hardy: near Moorefield (Gamble).
WEST VIRGINIA GEOLOGICAL SURVEY 237
SAURURACEAE,

SAURURUS L.
S. ceErNuus L. Lizard’s Tail.

Streams. Jefferson: near Harper’s Ferry (Mertz & Gut-
tenberg). Brooke: near Wellsburg. Fayette: near Nutt-
allburg (.Vuttall). Wayne: in a glade (Hopkims). \ood:
near Parkersburg (Pollock).

J GGLANDA CEAE.

JUGLANS L.
J. CINEREA L. Butternut. White Walnut.

Common throughout the State even in the valleys of the
highest altitudes. Randolph: along Tygart’s Valley River
near Huttonsville (Greenman, 197).

J. xicrA L. Black Walnut.

Rich soils, even in the higher Alleghanies. A very com-

mon and valuable timber tree throughout the State.

HICORIA Raf.

H. ovata (Ail.) Britton. Shag or Shellbark Hickory (Carya
alba, Nutt.).
Low grounds, frequent throughout the State.
H. vactniosa (Michx.) Sarg. King Nut (Carya sidcata, Nutt.).
Rich soil. Monongalia: near Ice’s Ferry.
H. avza (L.) Britton. White Heart Hickory. (Carya tomen-
tosa, Nutt.)
Woods, frequent throughout the State.
H. crapra (Mill.) Britton. Pig Nut. (Carva porcina, Nutt.)
Dry soils, frequent throughout the State.
. MicrocARPA (Nutt.) Britton. (Carva microcarpa, Nutt.)
Woodlands. Fayette: near Nuttallburg (Nuttall).
H. corpirormis (\Wang.) Britton, Bitternut. (Carya amara Nutt.)
Low Woods. Greenbrier: near Fort Spring and Ron-
ceverte. Fayette: near Nuttallburg (Nuttall). Webster:
near Pugh (H. H. Sinith, 1682).

fo

SAL TOCACE AE.

POPUEUS-L.
P. atpa, L. White Poplar. Abele.
A frequent escape from cultivation. In many places in the
State, where the tree is planted for ornament, this species
spreads widely from the root. thus often becoming a pest
in lawns and along streets.
238 THE WEST VIRGINIA. FLORA

P. TREMULOIDES, Michx. Aspen. Trembling Poplar.

Wooded hillsides. Wirt: along Little Kanawha River.
Calhoun: near Grantsville. Gilmer: near Glenville. Mon-
ongalia: near Marion; along the Monongahela River. Sum-
mers: near Riffe. Mason: near Point Pleasant.

P. GRANDIDENTATA Michx. Large-toothed Aspen.

Preston: near Cranberry Summit. Ohio: near Wheeling
(Mertz & Guttenberg). Webster: on Tater Knob (H. H.
Smith, 1485).

P. canptcans Ait. Balm of Gilead.

Plentiful at Montana, along the Monongahela River in
Marion Co. Monongalia: the Flats near Morgantown. Gil-
mer: near Glenville (Mapel). Fayette: near Nuttallburg,
very likely introduced (Nuttall). Webster: Hacker Valley
(H. H. Smith,) 1602).

P. pettoipes Marsh. Cottonwood. (P. monilifera Ait.).

Ohio: near Bogg’s Run (Mertz & Guttenberg). Mason:
near Point Pleasant.

SALIX L.

S. ntcRA Marsh. Black Willow.

Along streams, frequent or common. The principal wil-
low of the State. ,

Var. FALCATA (Pursh.) Torr. Scythe-leaved Black Willow.

Along springy runs. Wirt: along Straight Creek. Lewis:
along Leading Creek. Fayette: near Nuttallburg (Nuétall).

S. AMYDALOIDES And.
Fayette: near Nuttallburg (Nuttall).
S. ALBA, var. VITELLINA (L.) Koch. White Willow.

Scattered, from protective or ornamental planting, along
streams in many parts of the State.

S. Bapytonica L. Weeping Willow.

A frequent escape as in the last species. Monongalia:
near \Morgantown. Jefferson: near Flowing Spring and
Milltown.

S. ptscotor Muhl. Shining Willow.
Ohio: on Bogg’s Islands (Merts & Guttenberg.)
S. Humitis Marsh. Prairie Willow.

Glady regions. Webster: near Upper Glade. Preston:
near Terra Alta.

S. sertcEA Marsh. Silky Willow.

Along streams. Randolph: along Tygart’s Valley River.
Greenbrier: near White Sulphur Springs. Ohio: near
Wheeling (Mertz, 2641).

S. corpata Muhl. Heart-leaved Willow.

Along streams, frequent. Lewis: along Leading Creek.

Wood: near Parkersburg. Mason: near Point Pleasant.
WEST VIRGINIA GEOLOGICAL SURVEY 239

MY RTCA CEA FE,

COMPTONIA Banks.

. PEREGRINA (L.) Coulter. (Myrica asplenifolia L.).
Dry soil, especially on hillsides. Hampshire: along Cac-
apon Creek (Brooks).

BETULACEAE,

CARPINUS L.

. CAROLINIANA, Walt. Blue or Water Beech.

Damp thickets and river banks. \Wirt: near Elizabeth.
Monongalia: near Morgantown, plentiful. Gilmer: near
Glenville (Jfapel). Upshur: near Buckhannon (Pollock).
Fayette: near Nuttallburg (Nuttall). Summers: near Hin-
ton. \farion: near Worthington. Jefferson: near Harper’s
Ferry (Jlerts & Guttenberg). Webster: Hacker Valley
(A. A. Sith, 1531).

OSTRYA Scop.

. VIRGINIANA (Mill.) Willd. Lever Wood. Iron Wood.

Rich woods and along streams. Wirt: near Elizabeth.
Randolph: on Point Mountain; at first Top of Cheat there
is a forest of this wood where trees are found, in numbers,
from 1-3 feet in diameter. Webster: on Buffalo Bull Moun-
tain. Greenbrier: near White Sulphur Springs. Summers:
near Hinton. Marion: near Worthington. Fayette: near
Nuttallburg (Nuttall).

CORYLUS L.

C. Americana, Walt. Hazlenut.

Thickets, frequent throughout the State.
. ROSTRATA Ait. Beaked Hazlenut.

Mountainous regions. Upshur: summit on Staunton Pike
Randolph: near Fords.

BETULA. E.

.Lenta L. Sweet Birch. Black Birch.

Rich Woods. Common throughout the State. Grows
very large in the mountains. One specimen near Cheat
Bridge measure 7 ft. 9 in. in diameter. Preston: near Au-
rota (Mr. & Mrs. Steele).

. LENTA X LuTEA. Millsp. Field Mus. Bot. 1: 201 (1896).

A number of specimens of this hybrid birch were found
in 1892 at Pickens, Randolph Co. In all, the bark forms of
each species were intermixed. All the specimens were small
saplings about 2 in. in diameter (J/illspaugh).
240 THE WEST VIRGINIA FLORA

B. tutea Michx.f. Yellow Birch.

Higher mountain woods. Grant: near Bayard. Tucker:
near Hulings. Braxton: near Sutton. Randolph: near
Pickens. Fayette: near Nuttallburg (Nuttall).

B. popuLtrotia Marsh. White Birch.

Poor soils. Gilmer: near Glenville (Mapel). Randolph:
near Winchester.

B. nicka L. River Birch. Red Birch.

Along streams. Calhoun: along Little Kanawha River.
Gilmer: near Glenville (Mapel). Greenbrier: near Fort
Spring. Summers: near Greenbrier Stockyards; near Hin-
ton. Kanawha: near Handley. Fayette: near Nuttallburg
(Nuttall) ; and common along streams throughout the cen-
tral and southern counties. A tree 14 feet 23 inches in
circumference was measured near Bargers Spring, Sum-
mers County (Morris).

ALNUS Gaertn.

A. ALNopeTtuLs (Ehrh.) K. (Koch. Mountain Alder. (4.
zurtdis DC.)

Along mountain streams, rare. Greenbrier: Columbia
Sulphur Springs. Fayette: near Nuttallburg (Nuttall). Po-
cahontas: at Traveler’s Repose. Randolph: along Cheat
River.

A. rucosa (DuRoi) Kk. Koch. Smooth Alder. (4. serrulata
Willd.)

Low grounds and along rivers. Common, especially in

the glade regions.
A. tincana (L.) Willd. Hoary Alder.
In wet places. Pocahontas: Cranberry Glades? (Brooks)

FAGACEAE.

FAGUS L.

F, AMERICANA Sweet. Beech. (F ferruginea Ait.).
General throughout the State.

CASTANEA <Adans.

C. pentatA (Marsh.) Borkh. Chestnut. (C. vesca limericana
Michx.).
Rocky hillside woods throughout the State.
C. punta (L.) Mill. Chinquapin.

Dry hills. Fayette: near Nuttallburg, alt. 2,000 feet,
frequent (Nuttall). Wayne: near Ceredo and Compton’s
Creek. Mercer: Beaver Spr., and Ingleside. A remark-
ably spreading and symmetrical individual was observed in
a pasture at Bargers Spring, Summers County (Aforris).
10

OO 2% 20

x0

10

xO

10

xO 20

10

WEST VIRGINIA GEOLOGICAL SURVEY 24T

QUERCUS L.
ALBA L. White Oak.
All soils, plentiful throughout the State.

. MINOR (Alarsh.) Sarg. Post Oak. Iron Oak. (Q. stellata,

Wang.)
Dry sterile soils, common.

. MACROCARPA Michx. Burr Oak. \lossy-cup Oak.

Rich soils. Tyler: near Long Reach.

. Prinus L. Chestnut Oak.

Rocky woods. Frequent throughout the State.

. ACUMINATA (Michx.) Houda. Yellow Oak. (Q. |fuhlen-

bergii Engelm.)
Rich, wooded valleys, especially in the mountains. Fay-
ette: near Nuttallburg, rare (.\wftall).

. PAGODAEFOLIA (EIl.) Ashe.

Rich bottom lands. Kanawha: a few trees found on the
north side of the river at Charleston (Brooks).

. BICOLOR Willd. '(Q. platanoides Sudw.).
Moist soils and borders of streams. Grant: along Lunice
Creek; Hardy: along the South Branch, near Moorefield;
Pocahontas: near \arlinton; Randolph: along the Tygarts
Valley near Huttonsville; Upshur: rare near Lorentz
(Brooks). ,
. RUBRA L. Red Oak.

Common throughout the State, in both rich and poor soils.

. COCCINEA Wang.
Woodlands. Fayette: near Nuttallburg, apparently a sec-
ond growth (Nuttall).
. VELUTINA Lam. Black Oak. (Q. tinctoria Bartr.).
Dry woodlands. ‘In large tracts in the Alleghanies of
A\lineral, Grant and Tucker counties. Gilmer: near Glen-
ville (Mapel). Fayette: near Nuttallburg (\Vuttall). \Mon-
ongalia: near Ice’s Ferry. Summers: near Hinton.
. PALUSTRIS DuRoi.

Along streams. Monongalia: near Stumptown. Fayette:
near Nuttallburg (Nuttall).

. DIGITATA (Marsh.) Sudw. Spanish Oak. (Q. falcata, Michx.)

Dry sandy soils throughout the western counties.

. NickA L. Black Jack Oak.

Common in dry or heavy clay soils throughout the center
of the State. Hardy: near \foorefield.

| NANA (Marsh.) Sarg. Holly-leaved Oak. ((Q. ilicifolia Wang.)

Sandy soils. Hampshire: near Romney. Hardy: near
Aoorefield.

Q. mmpricaRiaA Michx. Laurel Oak.

Rich woods. \fonongalia: near \Iorgantown and Laurel
Point. Hardy: near Moorefield.
242 THE WEST VIRGINIA FLORA

ULMACEAE.

ULMUS L.
U. rutva Michx. Slippery Elm.

Rich soils. Monongalia: near Morgantown, Laurel Point
and Stumptown. Gilmer: near Glenville (Mapel). Fayette:
near Nuttallburg (Nuttall). Mason: near Point Pleasant.
Summers: along Greenbrier River. Webster: at Tater
Knob (H. H. Smith, 1492).

U, Americana L. White Elm.
Along rivers. Frequent throughout the State.
U. racemosa Thomas. Corky Elm.

Near streams. Monroe: near Alderson. Summers: along
Greenbrier River. Randolph: near Pickens (H. H. Smith,
1704).

CELTIS: Es
C. occipentTALIS L. Hackberry.

Woods and river banks. Jefferson: near Shenandoah
Junction. Monongalia: near Morgantown. Jackson: near
Ripley. Fayette: near Nuttallburg (Nuttall). :

C. pumita Pursh.

Among the rocks on the banks of both rivers at Harper’s
Ferry. Often fruiting copiously, on every twig, on trees
but 2 or 3 feet high (Greene).

MORACEAE.
MORUS L.

M. rusra L. Black Mulberry.

Rich woods. Wood, Wirt, Calhoun and Gilmer (A/apel).
Along the Little Kanawha River. Jefferson: -frequent
throughout. Greenbrier: near White Sulphur Springs.
Fayette: near Nuttallburg, no large trees noted (Nuttall)

M. acga L. White Mulberry.

A frequent escape. Monongalia: near Morgantown. Jef-
ferson: near Millville and Charlestown (Alillspaugh); fre-
quent about Harper’s Ferry (Greene).

FICUS Linn.
F, carica L. Fig.
Fayette: on a ledge near the railroad from Gauley Bridge
toward Gauley Junction (Eggleston, 5540).

.TOXYLON Rat (1817).
(Maclura Nutt. 1818).

T. POMIFERUM Raf. (Maclura aurantiaca Nutt.)
Banks of the Ohio River, Mason Co., near Point Pleas-
ant. (J/illspaugh).
WEST VIRGINIA GEOLOGICAL SURVEY 243

BROUSSONETIA L’Herit.

. PAPYRIFERA (L.) Vent. Paper Mulberry. ‘Cut Paper.”

Escaped from cultivation. Jefferson: near Flowing
Spring Mill and Milltown. Kanawha: near Montgomery
Berkeley: near Martinsburg.

HUMULUS L.

. Luputus L. Hops.

Alluvial banks near streams. Very doubtfully native
Randolph: near Cricard. Marshall: near Moundsville. Ma-
rion: near Clements, and Catawba. Mineral: opposite Cum-
berland, Md.

CANNABIS L.

. SATIVA L. Hemp.

Fields and waste places. Escaped from cultivation. Jack-
son: frequent.

URTICACEAE,
URTICA L.

U. Gracicis, Ait. Nettle.

Moist shady places. Common.

U. urens L. Stinging Nettle.

ul

Adventive. Hancock: near Holliday’s Cove. Rare.

URTICASTRUAI Fabr.

pivAricatum (L.) Kuntze. (Laportea Canadensis Gaud.).
Moist rich woods. Fayette: near Nuttallburge (Nuttall) ;
near Kanawha Falls (James). Preston: near Aurora (l/r.

& Mrs. Steele). Frequent throughout the State.

ADICEA Raf. (1815).
(Pilea, Lindl. 1821).

. pumiILA (L.) Raf. Clear Weed. Rich Weed. (P. pumila

(L.) Gray).
Cool, moist, shady places. Common throughout the State.

BOEHMERIA Jacq.

. cyLtnprica (L.) Willd.

Damp places. Fayette: near Nuttallburg (\'uttall). Mon-
ongalia: near Uffington.

. CYLINDRIC.\ SCABRA Porter.

Barbour: in moist places near Tygart Junction (Green-
mdi 340).
244 THE WEST VIRGINIA FLORA

PARIETARIA Linn.

P. PennsyLvanica Muhl.
Pocahontas: on a rocky hillside near Traveler’s Repose
(Greenman 342).

LORANTHACEAE,

PHORADENDRON Nutt.

P. FLAVESCENS (Pursh.) Nutt. American Mistletoe.

Parasitic on Sugar-Maple and Black Locust, along the
Great Kanawha River in Fayette County. On Black Wal-
nut and Elm in Kanawha County. On Elms in Mason
County and in Wood near Parkersburg. On Elms and
Hickories, along the Ohio and Great Kanawha rivers, in
Cabell County.

SANTALACEAE.

PYRULARIA Michx.
P. puBerA Michx.
Rich woods. McDowell: near Elkhorn. Nicholas Co.,

along Peter Creek (Boutlou). Upshur: near Buckhannon
(Pollock).

ARISTOLOCHIACEAE.

ASARUM L.

A. Canavense L. Wild Ginger. “Colic Root.”

Rich woods. \Wirt: near Burning Springs. Gilmer : ‘near
Glenville (Mapel; Brown). Jefferson: near Flowing
Spring Mill. Fayette: near Nuttallburg (Nuttall). Mon-
ongalia: near Uffington and Morgantown. McDowell: near
Elkhorn. Mercer: Bluestone Jc., and common throughout
the State.

HEXASTYI Is Rat:

H. Vrretnica (L.) Small. (4sarum Virginicum L.).
Rich soil. Grant: near Bayard. Tucker: along Blacl:
Water. Gilmer: near Glenville (Mapel, Brown). Green-
brier: near White Sulphur Springs. McDowell: near Elk-
horn. Mercer: Bluestone Jc. and Bluefield. Upshur: near
Buckhannon (Pollock) . Fayette: at Hawks Nest (Holton).
“H. Suurrteworrui (J. Britten) Small. (Asarum J. Britten).
In oak and beech woods near Bargers Spring, Summers
County, altitude 1,550 feet, July 13, 1900 (J/orris, 980).
A.

A,

Ry

R.
R.
R.

R.

R.

WEST VIRGINIA GEOLOGICAL SURVEY 245

ARISTOLOCHIA L.

SERPENTARIA L. Virginia Snakeroot.

Rich woods. Wirt: near Burning Springs. Randolph:
near Ford’s and on Point Mountain. Gilmer: near Glen-
ville (Brown). Grant: near Bayard. Tucker: near Davis.
Mineral: near Keyser (Wortman). Fayette: near Nuttall-
burg (Nuttall). Wetzel: near Burton (Mertz, 2328).
MACROPHYLLA Lam. Dutchman’s Pipe. (1. Sipho L’ Her.).

Rich woods, frequent throughout the State. Abundant
in the following localities. Randolph: on Point Mountain
(Millspaugh). \Vebster: Hacker Valley (4. H. Smith,
1705). Preston: near Aurora (A/r. & Mrs. Steele). Up-
shur: near Buckhannon (Pollock). Pocahontas: valley of
the East Fork of Greenbrier River (Greenman, 204). Grant:
near Bayard. Gilmer: near Glenville (Mapel, Brown). Fay-
ette: near Nuttallburg (.Vuttall). Mercer: Ingleside. Wirt:
near Burning Springs (Alertz, 2329).

POLYGONACEAE.

ERIOGONUM Michx.

ALLENI, Watson, in A. Gray, Man. Ed. 6, 734 (1890).

Perennial, white tomentose throughout, the tall scape-like
stem repeatedly dichotomous above; radical leaves lanceolate,
long-petiolate, the upper in whorls of 4 or 5, ovate to ovate-
oblong, very shortly petiolate, much reduced above; invo-
lucres mostly sessile; flowers glabrous, yellow, the segments
elliptical, © Near White Sulphur Springs, Greenbrier Co.
(Allen, Britton, Small, Mackenzie).

RUMEX L.,
Brittanica L. Water Dock.
Wet places. Ohio: on Bogg’s Island (\Veriz & Gutten™
berg). Berkeley, near Martinsburg.
crispus L. Curled Dock.
Waste places and cultivated fields. Frequent.
oBTUSIFOLIUS L. Bitter Dock.
Waste grounds and cultivated fields, common.
CRISPUS X OBTUSIFOLIUS. Mlillsp. Prel. Cat. Fl. W. Va., 433.
Waste places. \lonongalia: streets of Morgantown.
SANGUINEUS L. Bloody Dock.
Damp places in waste grounds. Berkeley: near \lartins-
burg.
CONGLOMERATUS Murray.
Shady places. Fayette: near Nittaliiners (Nuttall),
240 THE WEST VIRGINIA FLORA

R. AcETOSELLA L. Horse Sorrel.
Abundant everywhere; even along paths in the deuse
spruce forests of the higher mountains.

FAGOPYRUNM Gertn.

F, Facopyrum (L.) Karst. Buckwheat. (F. esculentum Moench.)
Waste grounds and cultivated fields. A frequent escape

POLYGONUM L.

P. ortentTsace L. Prince’s Feather.

Escaped to waste places. Lewis: near Weston. Monon-
galia: near Morgantown. Fayette: near Nuttallburg, rare
(Nuttall). Mineral: near Piedmont.

P. PENNSYLVANICUM L.
Low grounds. Common throughout the State.
P. Persicarta L. Lady’s Thumb.

Waste grounds. Lewis: near Weston. Gilmer: near
Glenville (Jfapel). Fayette: near Nuttallburg (Nuttal?).
Alason: near Point Pleasant. Wood: near Parkersburg.
Hardy: near Moorefield (Gamble). Randolph: near Pickens
(H. H. Sinith, 1440).

Forma ALBiFLora. Millsp. Prel. Cat. Fl. W. Va., 432.

A pure white-flowered form abundant near Point Pleas-
ant.

P. Hypropiper L. Smartweed. Water Pepper.

Wet grounds. Monongalia: near Morgantown. Gilmer:
near Glenville (\/apel). Fayette: near Nuttallburg (Nwtt-
all). Ohio: near Wheeling (Alertz & Guttenberg.)

. PunctAtuM Ell. (P. acre N. B. BK.)
Wet places. Common throughout the State.
. HYDROPIPEROIDES Michx. Mild Water-pepper.

Swampy places. Common throughout the State.
. VIRGINIANUM L.

Thickets and in rich soils. Common throughout the State
. AVICULARE L. Door-weed. “Goose-grass.”

About dwellings and roadsides. Common throughout the

State.
. ERECTUM L.
With the last, especially in streets.
P. TENUE Michx.

Dry pastures. Wood: near Kanawha Station. Monon-
galia: near Morgantown. Tavlor: near Grafton, and com-
mon throughout the State.

P. ciLtNopE Michx.
Pendleton; in rocky places on Spruce Knob (Greenman

340).

ig “eg Age) Fa

as
WEST VIRGINI.A GEOLOGICAL SURVEY 247

P sagirratum L. Tear-thumb.
Wet places. Common throughout the State.
P. artFoLium L.
Low grounds. Berkeley: near Martinsburg. Monongalia:
near Morgantown, and elsewhere frequent.
P. ConvotyvuLus L. Black Bindweced.
Gardens and waste places. Fayette: near Nuttallburg
(Nuttall). Mason: near Point Pleasant.

P. cristatum Engelm. & Gray.

Along the Guyandot River below Baileysville, Wyoming
County, altitude 1,100-1,250 feet, August 19, 1g00 (lorris,
1255). Preston: near Aurora (Alr. & Mrs. Steele).

P. scandens L. Climbing False Buckwheat.

Low grounds along streams, common.

CHENOPODIACEAE.

CHENOPODIUM, L.

C. atpum L. Lamb’s Quarters. Pigweed.
Roadsides and waste places, common throughout the State.
Var. viripE (L.) Mog.
Dry sandy hillsides. Fayette: near Nuttallburg, alt. 2,000
feet. uncommon (Nuttall):
C. uyspripuM L.
Dry sandy hillsides. Fayette: near Nuttallburg, appar-
ently indigenous (Nuttall). Jefferson: near Shepherdstown.
C. MURALE L.
Plentiful along the cool northward bases of walls in the
town of Harper’s Ferry, Jefferson County (Greene).

. uRBIcUM L.

Waste places, frequent.
. GLAucUM L,

Waste places. Monongalia: near Ice’s Ferry.
. Borrys L. Jerusalem Oak.

Ohio: near Wheeling. Jefferson: Shepherdstown.
. AMBROSIOIDES L. Mexican Tea.

Waste places. Common. Kanawha: along Great Kan:
awha River. Taylor: near Grafton. Wood: near Parkers-
burg.

C. ANTHELMINTICUM L. Wormseed.
Plentiful along the Great Kanawha River. In Kanawha,

Putnam and Mason counties. Favette: near Nuttallburg

(Nuttall). Jackson: along C. & P. pike.

Cj

CY GO GC
248 THE WEST VIRGINIA FLORA

SALSOLA Linn.

S. Tracus Linn. Russian Thistle.
Monongalia: a few plants of this species appeared in an
alfalfa field, in 1904, near Morgantown (Sheldon, 685).

AMARANTHACEAE.

AMARANTHUS, L.

A. HyBripus L. Red Amaranth (A. hypochondriacus L.).
Waste places. Ohio: on Bogg’s Island (Alerts & Gut-
tenberg). Monongalia: near Morgantown. Fayette: nea1
Nuttallburg, common (Nuttall). Hardy: near Moorefield
(Gamble).
A. PANICULATUS L.
Waste places. Monongalia: near Morgantown. Hardy:
near Moorefield (Gamble).
A. RETROFLEXuS L. Pigweed.
Ohio: on Bogg’s Island (Mertz & Guttenberg). Monon-
galia: near Morgantown.
A. GRAECIZANS L. Tumble-weed. (A. albus L.).
Waste places. Monongalia: near Morgantown.
A. spinosus L. Thorny Amaranth.
Waste grounds. Kanawha: near Charleston. Putnam:
near Buffalo. Mason: near Point Pleasant. Wood: near
Parkersburg, abundant. Jefferson: near Shepherdstown.

PHYTOLACCACEAE,

PHYTOLACCA, L.

P. pEcANDRA L. Poke. Scoke. Garget.
All situations, even on the higher mountains. Common

throughout the State.
AIZOACEAE.

MOLLUGO, L.

M. vertici-Lata L. Carpet-weed.
Waste and cultivated grounds. Monongalia: hills about
Morgantown. Marion: near Fairmont. Fayette: near Nutt-
allburg, sandy banks of New River (Nuttall).

PORTULACEAE,

PORTULACA, L.

P. oLERACEA L. Purslane. ‘Pussley.”
A weed in cultivated grounds and gardens. Common
throughout the State.
OG

yr

WEST VIRGINIA GEOLOGICAL SURVEY 249

CLAYTONIA, L.

. Vircinica L. Spring Beauty.

Common throughout the northern parts of the State, in
rich open woods and along spring runs. Gilmer: near Glen-
ville (A/apel; Brown). Hardy: near Moorefield (Gamble).

. CAROLINIANA Michx.

Frequent with the former species. Marion, Preston,
Wood, Wirt, Calhoun, Gilmer, Lewis, Upshur. and Randolph
counties. Fayette: near Nuttallburg (\uftall). Ohio: near
Wheeling (\/erts, 355).

CAR YO PH YT: LAC EAE.
AGROSTEMMA L.

. Giruacc L. Corn Cockle. (Lychnis Githago Scop).
A frequent weed in wheat fields throughout the State.
Fayette: near Nuttallburg, in shady places (Nuttall).
SILENE L,
. STELLATA (L.), Ait. Starry Campion.

Wooded banks, frequent. Wood, Wirt, Calhoun, Gilmer,
Lewis, and Upshur, common. Preston: near Terra Alta;
near Aurora (l/r. and Alrs. Steele). Summers: near
Hinton. Greenbrier: near White Sulphur Springs. Fayette:
near Nuttallburg (.\wttall). Hardy: near Moorefield (Gam-
ble).

. VireInicA L. Fire Pink. Catchfly.

Open woods. Kanawha: near Charleston (Barnes).
Fayette: near Nuttallburg, very common (Nuttall). Mer-
cer: near Bluefield. Monongalia: permian formations at
Cassville, growing on a low roadside bank, fully exposed
to the sun, but well supplied with root moisture (Jorris).

. ALBA Muhl. (S. nivea Otth.).
Wooded banks. Fayette: near Nuttallburg (Nuttall).
. CAROLINIANA Walt. Wild Pink. (S. Pennsylvanica, Michx.)

Open woods. Monongalia: near Morgantown. Mineral:
near Keyser (Workman). Gilmer: near Glenville (lapel).
Hampshire: Doe’s Gully. Greenbrier Co., on Kate’s Moun-
tain, alt. 3,300 ft. (Small; Eggleston, 4355).

ANTIRRHINA L. Sleepy Catchfly.

Dry places. Fayette: near Nuttallburg (Nuttall). Pres-

ton: (Pollock).

SAPONARIA L.,

OFFICINALIS L. Soap-wort. Bouncing Bet.
Becoming a very common weed along roadsides through-
250

THE WEST VIRGINIA FLORA

out the more settled portions of the State. In especially
large areas along the B. & O. R. R. and Shenandoah Vallev
R. R., in Jefferson Co. Calhoun: Grantsville. Gilmer:
Glenville (Mapel). Webster: near Pugh (H. H. Smith,
1668). Berkeley: Martinsburg. Summers: near Hinton.
Fayette: near Nuttallburg (Nuttall). Hardy: near Moore-
field (Gamble). Monongalia: near Lock 9.

VACCARIA Medic.

Vaccaria (L.) Britton.

Established in waste ground at Seebert, Pocahontas
County (A. B. Brooks). Monongalia: near Morgantown
(Sheldon, 3594).

DIANTHUS L.

. ArmertA L. Deptford Pink.

Tields, roadsides, and river banks. Marion: near Catawba
(&. D. Walker). Gilmer: near Glenville (Zapel). Fayette:
near Nuttallburg, rare (Nuttall); near Kanawha Falls
(James). Summers: near Hinton. Jefferson: at Harper’s
Ferry (Mertz & Guttenberg).

ALSINE. Ls (1783. ante):
(Stellaria L. 1753 post.)

. MEDIA L. Chickweed.

Damp places, common everywhere. Fayette: near Nuttall-
burg, blooms all winter (Nuttall).

A. TENNESSEENSIS (Mohr) Small.

Woods and thickets. Ohio: near Wheeling (Mertz).

. PUBERA (Michx.) Britton. Great Chickweed.

Shady places, common. Monongalia, Marion and Preston
counties. Gilmer: near Glenville (jfapel). Fayette: near
Nuttallburge (Nuttall). Mercer: near Bluefield (Mills-
paugh). Upshur: near Buckhannon (Pollock).

. LONGIFOLIA (Muhl.) Britton. Long-leaved Stitchwort.

Damp soils. Gilmer: near Glenville (Mapel).

CERASTIUM L.

vuLcatum L, Large Mouse-ear Chickweed.

Waste ground and fields. Ohio: Cowan’s Hill, near
Wheeling (Merts & Guttenberg). Gilmer: near Glenville
(\Mapel). Wood: near Waverly and elsewhere, becoming
frequent. Fayette: near Nuttallburg (Nuttall). Randolph:
near Pickens (f1. H. Sinith, 1386).
WEST VIRGINLS. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY 251

. viscosum L. Alouse-ear Chickweed.

Fields. Ohio: Cowan’s Hill, near Wheeling (Jlerts &
Gultenberg). Fayette: near Nuttallburg (.\wttall). Mon-
ongalia: near Morgantown.

ARVENSE L. Field Chickweed.
Dry places. Frequent throughout the State.

C. LONGEPEDUNCULATUM Muhl. Star Chickweed. (C. nutans

n

A

ae

Raf.). Woods: near streamlets; common in \lonongalia
and Marion counties.

SAGINA Linn.

PROCUMBENS Linn.
In moist places. \lonongalia: near Morgantown (Shel-
don, 4291).

ARENARIA L.

. SERPYLLIFOLIA L. Thyme-leaved Sandwort.

Sandy -banks. Kanawha: near Charleston (Barnes).
Hardy: near Moorefield (Gamble).

SPERGULA L.
ARVENSIS L. Field Spurry.
Fields. Preston: near Cranberry Summit (Jlertz & Gut-
tenberg): near Terra Alta (Millspaugh); near Aurora
(Mr. & Ars. Stecle). Fayette: near Nuttallburg (Vuttall).

PARONYCHIA Adans.

. pIcHoToMA (L.) Nutt. Whitlow-wort.

Rocky places. Jefferson: near Harper’s Ferry (Gray).

ANYCHIA Michx.

CANDENSIS (L.)..Bs S: 2. (A. capillacea, D. C.)
Dry Woods. Fayette: near Nuttallburg, common (Nutt-
all).
POLYGONOIDES Raf. (Anychia dichotoma, Michx.).
This species first appeared in this locality in 1895, at the
bottom of a newly excavated railroad cut. Had the seeds
been buried and dormant? (Nuttall, 1837). Morris says:
“T should say, no. This species was common with and near-
ly as abundant as the next throughout the above mentioned
counties. It is probable that the newly excavated cut proved,
perhaps unusually suitable for the germination of scatter-
ing seeds.”

. DIVARICATA Raf.

Wyoming: near Baileysville (\orris 125 pt.).
252 THE WEST VIRGINIA FLORA
NYMPHAEACEAE.

CASTALIA Salish.

C. cporata (Dryand), Woodv. & Wood. White Water Lily.
Nymphaea odorata, Ait.
In slack waters. Preston: near Pennsylvania line, rare.

NYMPHAEA L.

N. apvena Soland. Yellow Pond Lily.

In slack waters. Preston: near, Terra Alta. Wood:
Wirt: Calhoun and Gilmer: along the Little Kanawha
River. Upshur: near Lorentz. Morgan: along the Little
Cacapon. Putnam: near Buffalo. Hardy: near Moorefield.
Pocahontas: Marlinton (Kellerman).

MAGNOLIACEAE.

MAGNOLIA L.

M. acuminta L. Cucumber Tree, ‘Yellow Lin.”

Rich woods. Monongalia: along the Monongahela River,
especially near Little Falls, Opekiska, and Montana. Wirt:
along Little Kanawha River. Randolph: on Point Moun-
tain, alt. 2335-3700 ft. Webster: along Buffalo Bull Moun-
tains. Nicholas: at- Beaver Mills, and Collett’s Glade.
Jackson: near Sandyville. Mineral: near Keyser. Preston:
along B. & O. R. R. Randolph: on Cheat Mountain, alt.
2800 ft. Gilmer: near Glenville (Mapel). Monroe: near
Alderson. Summers: near Greenbrier Stock Yards; near
Hinton. Kanawha: near Handley. Harrison: near Shinns-
ton and Lumberport. Fayette: near Nuttallburg (Nuttall).
Preston: near Aurora (Mr. & Mrs. Steele).

M. TRIPETALA L. Umbrella tree. (M. Umbrella, Lam.).

Rich woods near streams. Wirt: near Burning Springs.
Randolph: on Point Mountain, alt. 2800 ft. (Millspaugh) ;
near Pickens (H. H. Smith, 1944). Kanawha: near Charles-
ton (Barnes; James). Nicholas: near Beaver Mills, alt.
2125 ft. Gilmer: near Glenville (Mapel). Monongaiia :
Little Falls. Summers: near Hinton. Harrison: near
Shinnston and Lumberport. Fayette: near Nuttallburg, rare
(Nuttall). Hardy: near Moorefield. McDowell: near Elk-
horn. Mercer: Bluestone Junction and Ingleside.

“This species forms a very conspicuous part of the forests
along Dry Fork and Crane Creek in McDowell County, and
along the Guyandot River in Wyoming county. A great
many young trees are now filling the places made vacant by
WEST VIRGINIA GEOLOGICAL SURVEY 253

the cutting of a few selected trees of other species. It is
noticeable that until these trees reach the age of flowering
and thereafter there is none of the characteristic umbrella-
like clustering of the leaves on the axis of the season but
they are strongly alternate and distant. This character con-
fuses the species with Magnolia acuminata in the young
large-leaved stage, unless the smoothness or pubescence of
the leaf-buds be noted” (Jforris). In Webster county, at
Hacker Valley, this species is replacing “yeliow poplar”
where that timber has been removed (H. H. Smith).
M. Frasert Walt. Ear-leaved Magnolia.

Leaves oblong-obovate or spatulate, auriculate at the base,
glabrous, 8 to 20 in. long; petals obovate-spatulate, with nar-
row claws, 4 in. long. Flower more graceful and cone of
fruit smaller than in the preceding species.

Type locality doubtless in the Alleghanies of West Vir-
ginia, where it is abundant and in typical form.

Pocahontas: valley of the East Fork of Greenbrier River
(Greenman, 192). Deep rich mountain woods. Randolph:
on Point Mountain, alt. 3700 ft. (Muillspaugh) ; near Pickens
(H. H. Smith, 1945). Webster: on Buffalo Bull Moun-
tain, alt. 3400 ft. Nicholas: near Beaver Mills, alt. 2125
ft. Fayette: near Nuttallburg (Nuttall). Summers: near
Hinton. AIcDowell: near Elkhorn. \lercer: Bluestone Jc.

LIRIODENDRON L.

L. Tutipirera L. Tulip Tree, “White, Yellow, or Hickory Pop-
lar.”

Common in rich woods throughout the State. Magnifi-
cent trees in Randolph, Pocahontas, Greenbrier, Webster,
Nicholas, and Preston counties. Summers: near Hinton.
Fayette: near Kanawha Falls; near Nuttallburg, common
(Nuttall). Hardy: near Moorefield (Gamble). Mercer:
near Ingleside. :

ANONACEAE.

ASIMINA Adans.

A. rritopa (L.), Dunal. Papaw.

Rich soil near streams, common. Wood: near Kanawha
Station (Afilispaugh); near the mouth of the Little Kana-
wha (lfichaur). Wirt: along Straight Creek Webster:
Buffalo Bull Mountains, alt. 2100 ft. Nicholas: along Peter
Creek. Fayette: along Gauley River. Kanawha, Putnam
and Mason: along the Great Kanawha. Gilmer: near Glen-
254

THE WEST VIRGINIA FLORA

ville (J/apel). Greenbrier: near Ronceverte. Summers:
near Hinton Marion: near Worthington, Fairmont and
Montana. Monongalia: general. Fayette: near Nuttallburg,
common (Nuttall). Morgan: near Cacapon. Hardy: near
Moorefield. Mercer: near Ingleside. Randolph: near Pick-
ens (H. H. Snuth, 1475).

RANUNCULACEAE.
HYDRASTIS, Ellis.

. Canapensis L. Yellow Root, Yellow Puccoon, Golden Seal.

Deep rich woods. Jackson: near Ripley. \Wurt: near
Burning Springs. Grant: near Bayard. Upshur: summit
on Staunton pike. Lewis: along Leading Creek. Calhoun:
along Laurel Run. Gilmer: near Glenville (Mapel; Brown).
Monongalia: along Cheat River.

CALTHA L.

pALustris, L. Marsh Marigold.
Two stations only known to me; Grant: in a spring run
in deep woods near Bayard, about fifty plants within an
area of one hundred feet. Preston: near Terra Alta.

HELLEBORUS L.

. vIrIDIS L. Green Hellebore.

Hardy: near Moorefield (Gamble). It was from speci-
mens sent to Dr. Gray from this station by Dr. Gamble, that
the location “\W. Va.” was credited in the Manual.

COPTIS Salisb. |
TRIFOLIA (L.), Salisb. Gold Thread. (/sopyrum trifolium,
Britton).
Deep, rich mountain woods. Preston: near Mill Run and

_ Cranesville.

NANTHORRHIZA L’ Her.

. ApITFOLIA L’ Her. Shrub Yellow Root.

Rich rocky mountain woods. Nicholas: on \Jumble-the-
Peg Creek, plentiful. Fayette: near Nuttallburg, common
(Nuttall). Upshur: (Pollock). Barbour: on river bank
near Tygart Junction (Greenman, 184).

ACTAEA L.

. RuBRA (Ait.), Willd. Red Baneberry. (4. spicata rubra Ait.).

Rich woods, infrequent. Randolph: on Point Mountain.
Grant: near Bayard. Tucker: near Davis.
WEST VIRGINIA GEOLOGICAL SURVEY 255

A. acBa (L.) Mill. White Baneberry.
Rich woods. Randolph: on Point Mountain. Tucker:
near Davis. Grant: near Bayard. Fayette: near Nuttall-
burg (Nuttal/). Preston: near Aurora (Mr. & Mrs. Steele).

CIMICIFUGA L.

C. Americana Michx. American Bug-bane.

Plentiful throughout the mountain regions of Mineral,
Hampshire, Grant and Tucker counties. Hardy: near \loore-
field; Randolph, Pendleton, \Webster, Pocahontas and Green-
brier counties. Fayette: near Nuttallburg (Nuttall). Me-
Dowell: near Elkhorn. Preston: near Aurora (Mr. & Mrs.
Steele).

C. racemosa (L.), Nutt. Rattle-weed, Black Cohosh.

Rich opens and clearings. Wood: near Leachtown.
Lewis: along Stone Coal Creek. Randolph: near Valley
Bend; Point Mountain, alt. 3300 ft. Webster: Buffalo Bull
Mountains. Gilmer: near Glenville (lapel). Preston:
near Aurora (A/r. & J/rs. Steele). Fayette: near Nuttall-
burg (Vuttall) and frequent throughout the State.

AQUILEGIA L.

A. Canapensis L. Wild Columbine.

Damp, rocky places. Mineral: along Knobby mountains.
Monongalia: along Cheat River. Calhoun: along Little
Kanawha River. Gilmer: near Glenville (\/apel; Brown).
Fayette: near Nuttallburg (\uttail). Hampshire: near
Does Gully. Hardy: near Moorefield.

A small form 6 to 8 inches high, with small leaves and
flowers. lercer: near Beaver Spr.

DELIPHINIUM L.

D. TRICORNE Michx. Dwarf Larkspur.

Dry woods. Monongalia: along Cheat and \ononga-
hela Rivers. Marion: along the Monongahela. Gilmer:
near Glenville (Mapel; Brown). Frequent throughout the
northern part of the State. Fayette: near Nuttallburg (.\Vutt-
all). Lewis: (Pollock).

Forma ALBIrLtora Millsp. Prel. Cat. Fl. W. Va., 322.

Monongalia: prevalent near Stumptown. The flowers
are pure white with no tinge of blue.

D. Ayacts Linn. Larkspur.

Escaped and thoroughly established near Wheelers, Web-
ster County (H. H. Smith, 1652). Monongalia: near Mor-
gantown (Shunk).
250
D.

THE WEST VIRGINIA FLORA

Consotipa L. Field Larkspur.

Frequent in old fields and along roadsides. Lewis: along
Stone Coal Creek. Monongalia: near Morgantown. Up-
shur: near Buckhannon. Randolph: near Beverly. Kana-
wha: near Kanawha Falls (James).

ACONITUM L.

. uNcINATUM L. Wild Monk’s Hood.

Deep, rich woods along streams. Randolph: along Cheat
River near Cheat Bridge. Monongalia: near Camp Eden.
Fayette: along New River near Nuttallburg (Nuttall).

. RECLINATUM A. Gray. ‘

Woodlands. Randolph: on Cheat Mountain (Gray). Pen-
dleton: in a damp depression on Spruce Knob; and Poca-
hontas: on the Greenbrier River, “in neither place did the
plants appear to have the least tendency to trail: they were
strictly erect (A. B. Brooks).

ANEMONE L.

. CYLINDRICA Gray. Long-fruited Anemone.

Dry Woodlands. Wood: near Leachtown. Jackson: near

Sandyville. Rare.
VIRGINIANA L. Thimble-weed.

Open woods and meadows. Upshur: near Buckhannon
(Afillspaugh, Pollock). Monongalia: along the Mononga-
hela River. Webster: near Hacker Valley (H. H. Smith,
1649). Randolph: Rich Mountains, alt. 1825 ft. Fayette:
near Nuttallburg, where it grows as tall as 4 ft. (Nuttall).
Frequent throughout the State.

. Canapensis L. Pennsylvania Anemone. (4. Pennsylva-

nica, L.).
Rich woods, rare. Calhoun: along Laurel Run. Gilmer:
near Glenville (Mape/).

. QUINQUEFOLIA L. Wind-flower. Wood Anemone. A. ne-

morsa, L.).

Margins of rich woods and opens. Calhoun: along Laurel
Run. Gilmer: near Glenville (Mapel). Fayette: near Nutt-
allburg (Nuttall). And general throughout the State.

. TRIFOLIA L.

Rich woods. Mercer: near Ingleside. McDowell: near
Elkhorn. Monongalia: near Camp Eden. Greenbrier: in
a dry ravine at White Sulphur Springs, alt. about 2,300 ft.
(Heller).

The altitude of the first two stations in the southern part
of the State is from 2,200-2,350 ft.; these localities are along
WEST VIRGINIA GEOLOGICAL SURVEY 257

the same range of mountains as the original station of Canby
in Virginia. The Monongalia station in the extreme north-
ern part of the State has an altitude of about 850 ft. and is
near Knipes’ Pennsylvania station. Though I have not as
yet found the species at any point through the State that
would connect these distant localities, yet I fully believe that
many will be found in the future.

HEPATICA Scop.

H. Hepatic, (L.)., Karst. Hepatica. Liver-leaf.

Rocky or rich woods. Gilmer: near Glenville (Mapel).
Greenbrier: near White Sulphur Springs. Hardy: near
Moorefield (Gamble). Mercer: near Bluefield. Mononga-
lia: along Decker’s Creek. Fayette: near Nuttallburg, where
it often grows in clefts in rocks (Nuttall). And frequen
throughout the northern portions of the State.

H. acuta (Pursh.) Britt.

Rich woods. Gilmer: near Glenville (Jfapel; Brown).
Greenbrier: near White Sulphur Springs. Monongalia:
near Cheat View. McDowell: near Elkhorn. Mercer: Blue-
stone Jc. Throughout the State, especially eastward in the
mountains. More frequent than the preceding.

SYNDESMON Hoffm’g.

S. rHALtctrompes (L.) Hoffm’g. Rue Anemone. (Thalictrum
anemonoides, Michx.).

Woods and hillsides. Gilmer: near Glenville (lapel).
Fayette: near Nuttallburg (Nuttall). Monongalia: near
Uffington and Morgantown. Hardy: near Moorefield (Gam-
ble). Nlercer: near Beaver Spr. Frequent throughout the
State.

Fornta roseA Millsp. Prel. Cat. Fl. W. Va., 319.

A beautiful rose colored clump of the species has per-
sisted for two years in Monongalia at Little Falls near the
Cascade.

CLEMATIS L.

C. Vireintana L. Virgin’s Bower.

River banks, fence rows, etc., Monongalia: Marion: Pres-
ton: Wood. Webster: Long Glade (Jfillspaugh); near
Hacker Valley (H. H. Smith, 1648). Gilmer: Glenville
(Alapel). Greenbrier: near White Sulphur Springs. Sum-
mers: near Hinton. Kanawha: near Charleston. Fayette:
near Nuttallburg (Nuttall). Preston: near Aurora (Mr. &
Airs. Steele). Tucker: in a thicket near Parsons (Green-
man, 190).
2se THE WEST VIRGINIA FLORA

C. Viorna L. Leather Flower.

Thickets in rich soil. Monongalia: Little Falls. Marion:
Valley Falls (K. D. Walker). Fayette: near Nuttallburg
(Nuttall). Summers: near Hinton.

C. ovata Pursh.

Greenbrier Co.: in rocky soil high up on Kate’s Mountain,
near White Sulphur Springs (.V. L. Britton; Mackenzie;
Small; Heller 842).

ATRAGENE L.
A. AMERICANA Sims. (Clematis verticillaris DC.).
Rocky woods. onongalia: near Cheat View.

TRAUTVETTERIA F..& M.

T. CaroLinensis (Walt.) Vail. False Bug-bane. (T. palmata F.
& M.).

Plentiful along the Blackwater Fork of Cheat, about one
mile below Davis in Tucker county. Fayette: near Hawk’s
Nest; and Loup Creek (James); near Nuttallburg, common
(Nuttall) ; near Quinnimont (Pollard & Maxon 26). Pres-
ton: (Pollock).

RANUNCULUS L.

R. optustuscuLus Raf. Water Plantain Spear Wort (RR. anzbi-
gens \WVats.).

One station only; Upshur: in a marshy spot near Lorentz
(Millspaugh; Pollock).

R. azortivus L. Small-flowered Crow foot.

Damp, shady places, frequent throughout the State.
R. sceLeratus L. Cursed Crowfoot.

Moist places, common throughout the State.
R. micrantuus Nutt.

In rich woods. Monongalia: near Seneca (Sheldon
4270).

R. ALLEGHANIENSIS Britton.

Mountain woods. Pocahontas: near Spruce Knob (J. B.
Brooks).

R. wispipus Michx.

Dry woodlands and thickets. Greenbrier: near White Sul-
phur Springs (Eggleston, 4360).

R. recurvatus Poir. Hooked Crowfoot.

Rich, open woods. Abundant along the Monongahela
River in Upshur, Barbour, Taylor, Marion, and Monongalia
counties. Fayette: near Nuttallburg, not common (Nuttall).
Hampshire: near Romney (A/ilispaugh, 1568). Mercer:
near Simmons.
WEST VIRGINIA GEOLOGICAL SURVEY 259

. FASCICULARIS Muhl. Early Crowfoot.

Dry or moist grassy hillsides. Monongalia: near Mor-
gantown. Mineral: near Keyser (Workman). Gilmer:
near Glenville (Mapel). Hardy: near Moorefield (Gamble).
. SEPTENTRIONALIs Poir. Buttercup.

Moist, shady places. Fayette: near Nuttallburg (Nuttall),
and general throughout the State.

. Pennsytvanicus L. f. Pennsylvania Buttercup.

Damp woods. Monongalia and Marion: along the Monon-
gahela River.

. REPENS L. Creeping Crowfoot.

Low grounds. Mineral: Banks of the Potomac near
Keyser. Jefferson: near Shenandale Springs.

. BULBOSUS Linn.

Fields and roadsides. Monongalia: near Morgantown (.4.
B. Brooks).

. Acris L. Tall Buttercups.

Waste places infrequent. Wood: near Parkersburg, Jef-
ferson: near Shenandoah Junction. Randolph: in clearings
on Cheat Mountain, near Cheat Bridge, alt. 3,350 ft.; near
Pickens (H. H. Smith, 1388). Preston: near Terra Alta
Workman). Gilmer: near Glenville (Afapel).

THALICTRUM L.

. DIOICUM L.
Rocky woods: frequent throughout the State. Especially
noticeable in the Alleghanies.

. poLycAMUM Muhl. Common Meadow Rue.

Damp meadows and near streams and ditches. Randolph:
rich growths in the bottoms along Tygart’s Valley River
Fayette: near Kanawha Falls (James); near Nuttallburg,
alt. 2,000 ft. (Nuttall). Gilmer: near Glenville. Frequent
throughout the State.

. PURPURASCENS L. Purplish Meadow Rue.

Dry, open woods and rocky hillsides. Wirt: near Eliza-
beth; near Burning Springs. Webster: near Upper Glade.
Randolph: along Tygart’s Valley River, alt. 2,100 ft. Fay-
ette: near Nuttallburg (Nuttall).

. cLAvatum DC.

Fayette: near Nuttallburg, in sandy clefts of rocks around

waterfall, alt. 2,000 ft., one station (Nuttall).
260 THE WEST VIRGINIA FLORA
BERBERIDACEAE,

BERBERIS L.

B. Canwapensis Mill. Barberry.

Fields and roadsides. Mercer: near Beaver Spring, where
it partakes of the nature of a weed (Millspaugh). Sum-
mers: near Hinton (Eggleston, 5579). Monroe: along In-
dian. Creek (F. FE. Brooks).

B. yutcaris L.

Thickets and roadsides. Monongalia: a wide escape near

Laurel Point. Mercer: a wide escape near Ingleside.

CAULOPHYLLUM Michx.
C. THALIcTROIWES (L.) Michx. Blue Cohosh.

Deep, rich woods. Randolph: Rich Mountains; Point
Mountain, alt. 3,300 ft. Monongalia: along the Mononga-
hela River. Gilmer: near Glenville (Mapel). Fayette:
near Nuttallburg (Nuttall). Mercer: near Bluefield. Fre-
quent throughout the State.

JEFFERSONIA Barton.

J. DIPHYLL\ (L.) Pers. Twin-leat.

Rich woods. Monongalia: near Morgantown. Marion:
near Glover’s Gap. Wetzel: near Littleton. \larshall:
near Glen Easton. Gilmer: near Glenville (Mapel; Brown).
Cabell: near Huntington (Selby). Lewis: near Lorentz
Pollock).

PODOPHYLLUMI L.

P pertatum L. May Apple. Mandrake.

Frequent throughout the State, in some rich spots very
abundant. Randolph: Rich Mountains, alt. 1,610-2,125 ft.;
Point \ountain, alt. 3,300 ft. Fayette: near Nuttallburg
(Nuttall). Hardy: near Moorefield (Gamble). Mercer:
Bluestone Jc.

MENISPERMACEAE.

MENISPERMUM L.

M. Canapense L. Moonseed.

Thickets. Wirt: along Little Kanawha River. Marion
and Monongalia: along the Monongahela. Greenbrier: near
White Sulphur Springs. Fayette: near Nuttallburg, pistil-
late plants, rare (Nuttall). Randolph: along Tygarts Valley
River near Huttonsville (Greenman, 175). Hardy: near
CG

WEST VIRGINIA GEOLOGICAL SURVEY 261

Moorefield. Mercer: near Princeton; and frequent along
streams throughout the State.

CALYCANTHACEAE,

BUTNERIA Duham (1755).
(Calycanthus, L. 1759).

. FLORIDA (L.) Kearney. Allspice. Sweet-scented Shrub.

Rich woods. Randolph: near Fords, on Staunton Pike,
thence frequent over Rich Mountains. Webster and Nicho-
las: along Buffalo Bull Ridge. Fayette: along the Gauley
River near Gauley Mountains. Summers: near Hinton.

. FERTILIS (Walt.) Kearney (B. laevigatus in Flora).

Rich woods. McDowell: back of R. R. water tank neat
Welsh.

LAURACEAE.

SASSAFRAS, Nees & Eberm.

. SassaFRas (L.) Karst. Sassafras. (Sassafras officinale Nees.).

Thickets and opens. Abundant throughout the State.

BENZOIN Fabric.

. Benzorn (L.) Coulter. Wild Allspice. Spice-bush. (Lin

dera Bensoin Blume).
Low woods. Common throughout the State.

PAPAVERACEAE.

SANGUINARIA L.

. CANADENSIS L. Blood-root ‘Coon-root.”

Rich woods, frequent. Randolph: Point Mountain. Mon-
ongalia: near Morgantown. Jefferson: near Flowing Spring,
and Shenandale Spring. Gilmer: near Glenville (Wapel).
Fayette: near Nuttallburg (Nuttall). Hardy: near Moore-
field (Gamble). Greenbrier: near White Sulphur Springs
(Eggleston, 4340). Throughout the ‘State.

STYLOPHORUM Nutt.

. DYPHLLUM (Michx.) Nutt. Celandine Poppy.

Old fields. Ohio: near Wheeling (Mertz & Guttenberg).
Fayette: near Nuttallburg (Nuttall).
262

THE WEST VIRGINIA FLORA

CHELIDONIUM L.

Majyus L. Celandine.

Waste grounds, near dwellings. Monongalia: near
Easton; near Morgantown. Jefferson: near Charlestown,
abundant. Lewis: near Weston. Hardy: near Moorefield
(Gamble). Hampshire: near Romney.

PAPAVER L.

. buBIuM L. Smooth-fruited Corn-poppy.

Cultivated grounds, and waste fields. Jefferson: near
Shenandoah Jc.; near Charlestown, abundant. Berkeley:
near Hedgesville, a weed.

ADLUMIA Raf.

. FuNGosA (Ait.) Greene.

Alonongalia: climbing over rocks, Tibb’s Run (Afills-
paugh). Pendleton: top of Alleghany Mountains above Hor-
ton (Greenman, 195).

GLAUCIUM Juss.

. GLAUCIUM (Tx) Karst.

Jefferson : near Charlestown, Shenandoah Junction, Spring
A, and Milltown.

BICUCULLA <Adans.

. CUCULLARIA (L.) Millsp. Prel. Cat. Fl. W. Va., 327. Dutch-

man’s Breeches.

Rich woods. Monongalia: near Morgantown; along Cheat
River. Gilmer: near Glenville (Mapel). Hardy: near
Moorefield (Gamble). Fayette: near Nuttallburg (Nuttall).
Lewis: (Pollock).

. CANADENSIS (Goldie) Millsp. ibid. Squirrel Corn.

Rich woods. Monongalia and Marion: along the Monon-
gahela River. Preston: along Cheat River. Fayette: near
Nuttallburg (Nuttall).

EXIMTA (Ker.) Millsp. ibid.

Pocahontas: summit of Spruce Knob, alt. 4,800 ft. (Hop-

kins).

CAPNOIDES Adans (1763).
(Neckeria, Scop. 1777.)

SEMPERVIRENS (L.) Borck. Pale Corydalis. (N. glauca (L.)
Millsp.).

On rocks. Randolph: on Lone Sugar Knob. Gilmer:

near Glenville (Afapel). Fayette: near Nuttallburg (Nutt-
WEST VIRGINIA GEOLOGICAL SURVEY 263

all). Preston: near Aurora (A/r. & Mrs. Steele). Poca-
hontas: (Pollock).
C. FLAvULUM (Raf.) Kuntze. Yellow Corydalis. N. flavula
(Raf.) Millsp.
Rich soils. Common throughout the northern counties.
oo near Nuttallburg (Nuttall). Hardy: near Moore-
eld.
C. aurEuM (Willd.) Kuntze. Golden Corydalis. (N. aurea,
(Willd.) Millsp.).
Along streams. Hardy: near Moorefield (Gamble). Ohio:
near Wheeling (Alerts, 125).

FUMARIA L.
F. crricinatis L. Fumitory.
Waste places. Hardy: near Moorefield (Gainbie).

BRASSICACEAE.
(Cruciferae. )

LEPIDIUM L.

L. Vircixicum L. Wild Peppergrass.

Fields and roadsides, common throughout the State.

L. campestre (L.), R. Br. English Peppergrass, “Glenn-weed,”
“Glenn-pepper,” “Crowd-weed.”

An exceedingly abundant weed in Jefferson and Berkeley
counties, where it is known as ‘‘Glenn-weed,” it being first
noticed in the fields of Colonel Glenn; who tells me that the
weed was quite plentiful, however, in these fields before he
purchased them, having been brought there in clover seed
bought in Hagerstown, Md., and sown by the previous owner
of the farm. The weed is now the worst pest in the large
wheat fields of those counties.

SISYMBRIUM L.
S. OFFICINALE (L.), Scop. Hedge Mustard.
Roadsides and ditches, too common throughout the State.
S. ALTISSIMUM Linn,
Established in waste grounds at Morgantown, Monongalia
County (Sheldon, 3599).

BRASSICA L.
B. nicra (L.) Koch. Black Mustard.
Fields and waste places. Fayette: near Nuttallburg, much
eaten as “greens” in spring (Nuttall). A common weed
throughout the State.
264 THE WEST VIRGINIA FLORA

B. arvensis (L.), B.S. P  Charlock, “Crowd-weed,”’ “Kraut-
weed.” (3B. Sinapistruin Boiss.). .
A miserable weed in wheat fields in Jefferson and Berkeley
counties. Less abundant elsewhere throughout the State.

RAPHANUS L.
R. sativus L. Radish.
Frequently persistent in waste grounds and cultivated
fields, in many parts of the State.

BARBAREA R. Br.

B. BarpareaA (L.) MacM. Yellow Rocket. (B. vulgaris R. Br.).
Becoming a weed in many places in Jefferson: Berkeley:
Morgan: Hardy: near Moorefield (Gamble); and other
counties.
B. prAEcox (Smith), R. Br. Scurvy Grass.
Running wild near Charlestown in Jefferson; and Lewis:
near Weston (Millspaugh). Ohio: near Wheeling (Rich-
ardson).

IODANTHUS T. &G.

I. pINNAtIFIDUS (Michx.) Steudel.
Banks of the Ohio River. Ohio: near Elm Grove (Cur-
tis).

RORIPA Scop. 1760).
(Nasturtium, R. Br. 1812.)
R. Nasturtium (L.), Rusby. Water Cress. (Nasturtium offici-
nale, R. Br.).

Cold spring runs, frequent. Jefferson: near Shenandale
Springs; near Flowing Spring: Lewis: on Leading Creek.
Wirt: near Elizabeth.

R. sytvestris (L.), Bessey. Yellow Wood-cress. (Nasturtiuin
sylvestre, R. Br.).

Moist places in open woods, frequent. Monongalia: near
Morgantown. Preston: Cold Spring. Marion: near Mon-
tana. Jefferson: near Shenandale Springs.

R. optusa (Nutt.) Britton. (Nasturtium obtusum Nutt.).

River banks. Mason: near Point Pleasant.

R. pacustris (L.) Bessey. Marsh Cress. (Nasturtium. palustre,
DC.).

Marshy places and glades, infrequent. Webster: near
Welch Glade. Kanawha: near Charleston. Preston: near
Kingwood. Fayette: near Nuttallburg, rare (Nuttall).
Mason: near Point Pleasant, banks of the Ohio. Wood:
near Parkersburg.
WEST VIRGINIA GEOLOGICAL SURVEY 265

. HispipA (Desv.) Britton. (N. palustre var. hispiaum, Gray).
Preston: near Kingwood.

. Armoracia (L.) Hitch. Horseradish. (Nasturtium Arimo-
racia Fries. ).

Escaped from cultivation in many waste places and fields.
Alarshall: frequent in several places where it is complained
of as a weed difficult to eradicate. Jefferson: near Shenan-
doah Junction.

CARDAMINE L.

. PARVIFLORA Linn.

On rocks. Monongalia: near Morgantown (A. B. Brooks) ;
near Uffington (Sheldon, 1366).

. HirsutA L. Small Bitter Cress.

Wet places. Monongalia: Monongahela River below Mor-
gantown; above Little Falls. Marion: near Catawba and
elsewhere. Fayette: near Nuttallburg (Nuttall). Randolph:
near Pickens (H. H. Sinith, 1406).

. BULBOSA(Schreb.)B.S.P. Spring Cress. (C. rhomboidea, DC.).

Wet meadows and springy places. Preston: Cold Spring.
Monongalia: road to Cheat River beyond Easton. Wood:
Kanawha Station. Fayette: near Nuttallburg, common
(Nuttall). Mercer: near Bluefield.

. PURPUREA( Torr.) Britt. (C. rhomboidea, var. purpurea, Torr.).

Damp places. Monongalia: near Morgantown (Mulls-
paugh). Ohio: in a spring marsh near Wheeling (Mertz,
144b). Upshur (Pollock).

. ROTUNDIFOLIA Michx. Mountain Water Cress.

Cool Springs. Preston: Cold Spring. Jefferson: Flowing
Spring. Wirt: near Burning Springs. Calhoun: Laurel
Run. Monongalia: near Morgantown. Ohio: near Wheel-
ing (Merte, 145).

C. pRATENSIS Linn.

Wet meadows. Ohio: near Wheeling (Richardson).

C. Pennsytvanica Muhl.

Wet places. Randolph: borders of Gandy Creek. (Green-
man 374, 373) and vicinity of Horton.

DENTARIA L.

. DIPHYLLA Michx. Pepper Root.

Common in deep, cool ravines and in the mountains.
Monongalia: Wirt: Wood: Calhoun: Lewis: Upshur: near
Buckhannon (Pollock) Jefferson: Grant: and Tucker coun-
ties. Gilmer: near Glenville (Mapel; Brown). Fayette:
Hawk’s Nest (Porter); near Nuttallburg (Nuttall).
266 THE WEST VIRGINIA FLORA

D. HETEROPHYLLA Nutt.

Rocky, moist places. Monongalia: near Little Falls; oppo-

site Uffington. Fayette: near Nuttallburg (Nuttall).
D. Lacinrata Muhl.

Moist woods, frequent. Monongalia: opposite Beech-
woods and Uffington; near Little Falls. Preston: Cold
Spring and elsewhere. Gilmer: near Glenville (Mapel).
Fayette: near Nuttallburg (Nuttall). Hardy: near Moore-
field (Gamble).

var, INTEGRIFOLIA (Schulz) Fernald.

Monongalia: near Morgantown (Grose 3571 visa).

var. MULTIFIDA Muhl.

Rich woods. Monongalia: near Little Falls.

BURSA Weber.

B. Bursa-p\storis (L.) Britton. Shepherd’s Purse. (Capsella
Bursa-pastoris Medic).
Fields and roadsides, common throughout the State.

CAMELINA Crantz.

C. sativa (L.) Crantz. False Flax.
Fields and waste grounds. Mineral: near Keyser (Wort-
man). Jefferson: near Charlestown; near Shenandoah Je.

C. microcarpa Andrz.
Waste ground. Jefferson: near Shenandoah Jc. (A/ills-

paugh).

DRABA L.

D. RAMosIssIMA Desv. Whitlow Grass.
On wet cliffs. Jefferson: cliffs along Shenandoah River
between Millville and Harper’s Ferry. Tucker: Cliffs near
Falls of Blackwater. Hardy: near Moorefield.

D. verna L. Shad Flower.
Sandy wastes and roadsides. Monongalia: banks of Falling
Run; banks of Monongahela below Morgantown, and neat
Little Falls. Marion: near Opekiska. Fayette: near Nutt:
allburg (Nuttall). Greenbrier Co.: on Kate’s Mountain, alt.
3,300 ft. (Small).

STENOPHRAGMA Celak.

S. THALIANA (Linn.) Celak. (Siswnbrium Thalianum Gay).
Waste grounds. Fayette: near Nuttallburg (Nuttall).
A,

A.

A.

EL:

C.

D.

Pe

WEST VIRGINIA GEOLOGICAL SURVEY 207

ARABIS L.

PATENS Sulliv.

Moist rocky places in woods. Monongalia: near Monon-
gahela River at Uffington. Preston: Cold Spring.
LAEVIGATA (Muhl.), Poir. '

Rocky places, frequent. Nlonongalia: near Morgantown,
and little Falls. Marion: near Catawba. Fayette: near
Nuttallburg, common (Nuttall). Lewis: (Pollock).

. Canavdensis L. Sickle-pod.

Woods, and along cool runs. Monongalia: near Gran-
ville, near Morgantown and Uffington.
LYRATA L.

Rocky or sandy places. Monongalia: banks near mouth
of Cheat River. Mercer: near Ingleside.

ERYSIMUM L.

. CHEIRANTHOIDES L. Worm-seed Mustard.

Roadsides and railroad embankments. Monongalia: near
Morgantown. Jefferson: near Shenandoah Junction. Min-
eral: near Piedmont.

HESPERIS L.

MATRONALIS L. Dame’s violet.
Escaped to waste places. Monongalia: cinders of rail-
road banks near Morgantown.

CAPPARIDACEAE.

CLEOME L.

sPINOSA L. Spider Flower. C. pungens Willd.

Escaped from farther south, at Barboursville near the

Guyandot River, Cabell county (James). Webster: Hacker
Valley (H. H. Smith, 1737).

DROSERACEAE.

DROSERA L.

ROTUNDIFOLIA L. Sundew.

Glades. Preston: Cranberry Summit: Morgan’s Glade;
and Terra Alta (Millspaugh); near Aurora (Mr. & Mrs
Steele).

PODOSTEMONACEAE.

PODOSTEMON Michx.

CERATOPHYLLUM Michx.
“Three well marked stages, (a) an entirely sessile growth
268 THE WEST VIRGINIA FLORA

on new surfaces, (b) matted growth of previous seasons on
old surfaces, with stems an inch or two high, (c) very old
masses with stems from five to eight inches high or as long
where the current prevented an erect habit; in the Guyandot

1 River below Baileysville, Wyoming county, alt. 1,100 ft.,
August 15, 1900, (Morris, 1210).

CRASSULACEAE,

SEDUM L.

S. PULCHELLUM Michx.
Rocky places. Jefferson: near Harper’s Ferry (Gray).
S. Nevir Gray.

Dry, rocky places. Greenbrier: near White Sulphur

Springs (Millspaugh, Eggleston 4367).
S. TERNATUM Michx. Stone-crop.

On rocks in deep woods and opens. Throughout the
State.

S. TELEPHIOIDES Michx.

Drier situations. Throughout the northern counties.
Jefferson: Harper’s Ferry (Gray). Hardy: near Moore-
field (Gamble). Hampshire: near Romney.

S. TeLepuium, L. Live-for-ever.

Along railroad banks. Jefferson, Morgan and Berkeley

counties.

PENTHORACEAE,

PENTHORUM L.

P. seporpes L. Ditch Stone-crop.
“Open wet places, and ditches. Throughout the State.
Very luxuriant specimens three feet and more high were
noted in the delta-of a spring, under limestone cliffs, below
Baileysville, Wyoming county” (Morris).

PARNASSIACEAE.

PARNASSIA Linn.
P. GRANDIFLORA DC.
Wet banks. Fayette: near Kanawha Falls (Selby).

P. ASARIFOLIA Vent.
Wet places. Upshur: near French Creek (A. B. Brooks).
WEST VIRGINIA GEOLOGICAL SURVEY 269
SAXIFRAGACEAE.

ASTILBE Hamilton.

A. BITERNATA (Vent.) Britton. Goats-beard. (A. decandra Don.).
Rich woods. Mercer: near Wills.

SAXIFRAGA L.

S. Vireiniensis Michx. Early Saxifrage.
Exposed moist rocks and opens. General throughout the
State.
S. Pennsytvanica L. Swamp Sanxifrage.
_ Glades. Preston: Morgan’s and Terra Alta Glades.
S. MICRANTHIDIFOLIA (Haw.) B.S. P. Lettuce Saxifrage. (5.
erosa, Pursh.).
Spring-rills in deep woods. Monongalia: near Camp
Eden. Grant: near Bayard. Tucker: along the Blackwater.

THEROFON Raf.

T. Aconitirotium (Nutt.) Millsp. Prel. Cat. Fl. W. Va., 361.
(Boykinia aconitifolia, Nutt.).

Creek beds. Fayette: near Nuttallburg; plentiful along
the beds of creeks at an alt. of 1,800 ft., does not extend
down these beds as far as the shores of New River (alt. 1,100
ft.). Often 3-celled, sometimes the flowers 6-parted, few
7-parted (Nuttall).

TIARELLA L.

T. corpirotia L. False Mitre-wort.

Rich, moist woods. Common throughout the Alleghanies
and the foot-hills. Monongalia: near Morgantown. Gil-
mer: near Glenville (J/apel). Fayette: near Nuttallburg
(Nuttall). Greenbrier: near White Sulphur Springs. Mc-
Dowell: near Elkhorn. Mercer: near Bluestone Jc. (Mills-
paugh). Upshur: near Buckhannon (Pollock).

MITELLA L.

M. pIPHYLLA L. AMlitre-wort. Bishop’s Cap.
Rich, shady woods. Common throughout the State.

hoe
gy

CHRYSOSPLENIUM Linn.
C. AMERICANUM Schwein.
In damp, shady situations. Monongalia: near Richard
(Sheldon, 4279).
270

THE WEST VIRGINIA FLORA

HEUCHERA L.

H. virtosa Michx.

Rocky places. Fayette: Kanawha Falls (James): Loup
Creek (James). Nuttallburg (Nuttall); above Gauley
Bridge and at Gauley Junction (Eggleston, 5534, 5541);
near Hawks Nest (Holton); Kanawha: near Coalburg
(James).

H. Americana L. Alum-root.

Rich, damp woods. Monongalia: near Morgantown, and
frequent elsewhere. Gilmer: near Glenville (Mapel). Fay-
ette: near Nuttallburg (Nuttall). Greenbrier: near White
Sulphur Springs. Grant : near Bayard. Tucker: near Davis.
Hampshire:-near Romney. Ohio: near Wheeling (Mertz,
859). Upshur: near Buckhannon (Pollock).

H. PARVIFLoRA Bartl. (A. Rugelu, Shuttlw.).

Shaded cliffs. Fayette: near Nuttallburg, common (Nutt-
all).

H. pusescens Pursh.

Rich, deep woods. Randolph: near Durbin (Greenman
376).

HYDRANGEA L.
H. arporescens L. Wild Hydrangea.

Rich opens. Monongalia: near Morgantown. Marion:
Opekiska. Wood: near Kanawha Station. Wirt: near
Burning Springs. Gilmer: near Glenville (Mapel). Lewis:
along Stone Coal Creek. Throughout the above range the
flowers were all fertile. Fayette: near Hawk’s Nest
(James); near Kanawha Falls (James); near Nuttallburg
(Nuttall). Randolph: at Pickens (H. H. Smith, 1391).
Preston: near Aurora (Mr. & Mrs. Steele).

A form with grass-green marginal radiant flowers, in a
deep ravine in Fayette: near Nuttallburg.

Var. KAN AWHANA Millsp. Prel;, Gat: Flo Ws Vas, 363:

Low straggling bush, leaves small, paler beneath, acu-
minate, somewhat cordate at the base; cymes very open and
branching, marginal radiant flowers many, I in. broad, fertile
flowers nearly glabrous, smaller than in the species. Along
the Little Kanawha River from Kanawha Station to Glen-
ville.

GROSSULARIACEAE.
RIBES L.,
R. Cynospatr L. Prickly Gooseberry.

Deep rocky woods. Randolph: along Cheat River, alt.
WEST VIRGINIA GEOLOGICAL SURVEY 27)

3,360 ft.; Point Mountain, alt. 3,700 ft.; Rich Mountain, alt.
2,700. Grant: near Bayard. Preston: near Terra Alta
(Villspaugh) ; near Aurora (Mr. & Mrs. Steele). Upshur:
near Buckhannon (Pollock). Pendleton: branch of Two
Spring Creek above Horton (Greenman, 139) ; and frequent
throughout the northern and eastern counties. Hardy: near
Moorefield (Afillspaugh). Nicholas: at Richwood (H. H.
Smith, 1743).
R. ROTUNDIFOLIUM Michx. Smooth Gooseberry.

Rich, cool, mountain woods, with the last, frequent (Mills-
paugh). Pendleton: on Spruce Knob; and Pocahontas: at.
Durbin (Greenman 140, 141).

R. prostratum L’Her.

Pocahontas: summit of Spruce Knob, alt. 4,800 ft. (Mills-
paugh). Pendleton: west slope of Spruce Knob (Green-
man, 142) (Hopkins).

R. FLoripum L’Her. Wild Black Currant.

Rich woods. Randolph: near Beverly. Grant: near Bay-
ard. Preston: near Terra Alta. Fayette: near Nuttallburg
(Nuttall). Ohio: near Wheeling (Mertz, 829).

HAMAMELIDACEAE.

HAMAMELIS L.

H. Virciniana L, Witch-hazel.
Common in damp woods throughout the State.

LIQUIDAMBAR L.

L. styRAciFLuA L. Sweet-gum. Alligator-wood.

Rich woods. The distribution of this species in the State
according to my notes of travel is, from east to west, as
follows: Beginning near the source of Peter Creek, in Nich-
olas county, it follows that stream to its junction with the
Gauley River, down this to its confluence with the New
River to form the Great Kanawha, which latter it follows
to the mouth of Elk River, whence it bears northward up
Eight Mile Creek to the Pocotaligo and its Middle Fork,
across to Mill Creek in Jackson, which it follows to the Ohio.

It is alsc noted in Gilmer: near Glenville (Jfapel). Fay-
ette: near Kanawha Falls (Janics) ; near Nuttallburg (Nutt-
all). Cabell: near Huntington (Se/by). I have also met
with it in Summers: near Hinton; and along the Greenbrier
River in that county.
272 THE WEST VIRGINIA FLORA
PLATAN ACE AE,

PLATANUS L.

P. occwentaLis L. Sycamore. Buttonwood.
All soils. Wood: at the mouth of the Little Kanawha
(Michaux). Common throughout the State.

ROS AC BANE,

OPULASTER Mledic.
=. (Physocarpa Raf. 1836.)
O. oputtrotius (L.) Kuntze. Nine-bark (Physocarpa opuli-
folia Raf.).

Along streams, common. Monongalia: along the Monon-
gahela River. Webster: Upper Glade. Fayette: near Nutt-
allburg (Nuttall). Hardy: near Moorefield. Upshur: near
Buckhannon (Pollock).

SPIRAEA L.

S. corvmpBosa Raf. Birch-leaved Meadow-sweet. (S. betuli-
folia Pall.).
Rich mountain woods. Webster: near Upper Glade.
Hardy: near Moorefield (Gamble).

S. Virciniana Britt. West Virginia Meadow-sweet.

Discovered 18g0 along the Monongahela River near Mor-
gantown. The following description is taken from Prof
Britton’s account of the plant in “Bull. Torrey Club,” Dec.
1890.

“A glabrous shrub, the branches forming long wands,
erect or reclining, 1-4 ft. long. Leaves oblong or slightly
oblanceolate, thin, obtuse or short-pointed at the apex, round-
ed or cuneate at the base, 1% to 2 in. long, 5-8 lines wide,
green above, pale beneath, entire or with a few low serrations
in the upper half; petioles 2 lines long; pedicels and pedun-
cles pale and glaucous; flowers about 2-lines broad, in term-
inal compound corymbs 1-3 in- across; calyx teeth 5, tri-
angular, blunt, about the length of the short-campanulate
tube, distinctly glaucous; petals 5, white, ovate-orbicular,
obtuse ; stamens 15-20, persistent; styles 5-6; follicles in the
specimens examined, 5-6, apparently sterile, included in the
persistent calyx.”

“On damp rocks along the \lonongahela River, \lorgan-
town, West Virginia, collected by Dr. C. F. Millspaugh in
flower, June 2oth, 1890, and in apparently imperfect fruit
WEST VIRGINIA GEOLOGICAL SURVEY 273

late in September. Coilected also by Mr. G. R. Vasey in the
mountains of North Carolina, 1878.”

“Spiraea betulaefolia, Pall. and S. corymbosa, Raf., have
much longer follicles exserted beyond the calyx, broader.
thicker, and dentate leaves, and are different in habit. Ra-
finesque published a number of species in his New Flora, but
none of them can apply to this one.”

Upshur: near Buckhannon (Pollock).

. SALICIFOLIA Linn. Queen of the Prairie.

Meadows. Monongalia: near Morgantown. Preston:
near Terra Alta (Millspaugh); near Aurora (Mr. & Mrs.
Steele). Fayette: near Nuttallburg (Nuttall). Forming a
hedge along a woodland swamp between Harvey and Trap
Hill, Raleigh county (Morris). Upshur: near Buckhannon
(Pollock). Randolph: at Elkins (Greenman, 189).

. TOMENTOSA L. Hardhack. Steeple-bush.

Low grounds. Webster: Welch Glade. Wood: near
Lockhart’s Run. Fayette: near Nuttallburg (Nuttall). Ran-
dolph: in a pasture at Elkins (Greenman, 188).

ARUNCUS <Adans.

. Aruncus L. Goat’s Beard. (Spiraea Aruncus L.).

Rich ground and along streams. Monongalia: near Mor-
gantown, Uffington, Little Falls, Day Creek aad Granville
along the Monongahela. Randolph: along Middle Fork, on
Rich Mountains, alt. 2,125 ft. Gilmer: near Glenville (Jfa-

pel).

PORTERANTHUS Britton (1894).
(Gillenia, Moench. 1802 not Adans 1763.)
. TRIFOLIATUS (L.) Britton. Bowman’s Root. Indian Physic.
(Gillenia trifoliata Moen.).

Rich woods, frequent. Webster: Welch and Long Glades.
Monongalia: along the Monongahela River from Little Falls
to Beech Woods. Mineral: near Keyser (Wortman). Sum-
mers: near Hinton. Hardy: near Moorefield (Gamble).
Mercer: near Ingleside. Greenbrier Co., on Kate’s Mountain,
alt. 3,300 ft. (Small; Eggleston, 4342).

. stTrpuLatus (Muhl.), Britton. American Ipecac. (Gillenia
stipulacea Nutt.).

Borders of woods. Wood: between Kanawha Station and
Lockhart’s Run.

RUBUS L.

. Amrricanus (Pers.) Britton. (R. triflorous Rich.).
Open places. Preston: at Craneville Glade (Rumsey).
274 THE WEST VIRGINIA FLORA

R. oporatus L. Purple-flowering Raspberry. Thimble-berry.
Damp rocky places. Monongalia: near Little Falls. Grant:
near Bayard. Randolph: near Crickard P.O. Fayette: nea:
Kanawha Falls (James) ; near Nuttallburg (Nuttall). Pres-
ton: near Aurora (Mr. & Mrs. Steele). Summers: near
Hinton. Hardy: near Moorefield (Gamble). Upshur: near

Buckhannon (Pollock).

R. CoLtumpianus (Millsp.) Rydb.

Leaves ample, 5-7-incised, divisions oblong-lanceolate long
and taper pointed, sharply and mostly double serrate. Inflor-
escence smaller, more compact and the fruit smaller than in
the previous species and of a more decided musky taste.
Monongalia: cool woods, Tibbs Run.

stricosus Michx. Wild Red Raspberry.

Thickets Fayette: near Nuttallburg, not plentiful (Nutt-

all). Pocahontas: Spruce Mountain (Hopkins).
“OCCIDENTALIS L. Black Raspberry.

Frequent throughout the State.

NicROBACCUS Bailey. High Blackberry. (R. villosus of Flora.)

Common everywhere in the State.

Arcutus Link. fide Rydberg.
Roadsides, Randolph: near Pickens (H. i7. Siith, 1384).
BAILEYANUs Britton. (R. villosus huinifusus T. & G.).

Woods and river banks. Fayette: near Nuttallburg (Nutl-
all).

Var. FROoNDOSUS Bigel.

Fayette: near Nuttallburg (Nuttall). Preston: near Tun-
nellton

R. Mitispaucui Britt.

This species was described in ‘‘The Bulletin of the Torry
Club” for 1891, page 366, as follows:

“Ascending, wand-like, entirely unarmed or with a very
few weak prickles above, glabrous throughout or the young-
er shoots scurfy pubescent. Stems one and one-half to four
meters long; leaves long petioled, pedately 5-foliate or some
of those one the twigs 3-foliate; leaflets thin, oval, glabrous
on both sides, long-acuminate at the apex, mostly rounded
at the base, 12-15 cm. long, about 5 cm. wide, sharply, but
not deeply serrate; stock of the terminal leaflet 7-10 cm.
iong ; inflorescence loosely racemose ; bracts linear-lanceolate ;
acuminate; fruit black, about Io mm. long.”

“Nearest to R. villosus, but evidently a distinct species.
Curiously enough there is a leaf of this species glued down
on the sheet of R. Canadensis, L in herb Linn., and it ap-
pears to have been included in his description of that species
—the specimens furnished by Kalm.”

ee

PR ee
WEST VIRGINIA GEOLOGICAL SURVEY 275

Near the summit of Point Mountain in Randolph county
at an altitude of 3,500 ft., also along the Gandy in great pro-
fusion. Pendleton and Pocahantas: on Little Rich Moun-
tains abundant. The mountaineers claim that it is upon this
species that the bears grow fat for their period of hiberna-
tion, the fruit being late to ripen and very nutritious.

Mr. John K. Small remarks in his Studies of Botany of
the Southeastern United States, Bull Torr. Club, 21:19
(1894) in reporting this species: ‘Grows on the walls of
the canon at Tallulah Falls, Ga. Collected in flower in April,
1893; alt. 1,600 ft. This most likely locates the southern
limit of the geographical range of R. Millspaughit. Being a
typical high mountain species, it is not to be expected much
below 1,600 feet, and just south of the above-mentioned lo-
cality the Blue Ridge ‘runs out’ into the plains. Further
south the land decreases gradually in altitude until the gulf
is reached. According to my observations the above plant
thrives most vigorously at altitudes ranging from 4,500 to
6,000 ft. It grows well at lower elevations, but never in such
a prolific manner.” Mr. Small and Anna M. Vail also give
in their “Report of the Botanical Explorations of South-
western Virginia, 1892,” the following additional localities
for this species: “Above Fox Creek, on Pine Mountain in
deep woods, ait. 3,000 ft. Summit and slopes of Mt. Rodgers,
alt. 4,000 to 5,719 ft. Summit of White Top Mountain, alt.
5,678 ft. Slopes and summit of White Rock Mountain, alt.
3,000 to 4,400 ft.”

The species was also collected by Mr. T. H. Kearney, Jr.,
at the summit of Thunderhead (about 6,500 ft.), and on
Chilhowee Mountain (at about 1,500 ft.), in Blount Co.,
Tennessee. Reports of the collection of the species in the
mountains of North Carolina, New Hampshire, and northern
Michigan have been made.

The species is reported as common in thickets at Wilton
and Southport, Maine (Fernald), and at Deering, Maine
(Blankinship).

R. Canavensis L. Dewberry.

Abundant cn dry hillsides throughout the State.

R. ALLEGHENIENSIS Porter. Leucretia Dewberry. (R. Canaden-
sis roribaccus Bailey).

Dry hillsides. Randolph: near Beverly.

This new variety of the species is described by Prof.
Bailey in the American Garden, November, 1890, as follows:
“Plant larger and stronger ; leaflets broad below, usually tri-
angular-ovate, doubly serrate with small teeth, and more or
less notched and jagged; peduncles longer, straighter and
276 THE WEST VIRGINIA FLORA

ee

stouter, habituously more numerous and more conspicuously
overtopping the leaves; flowers very large (sometimes two
inches across) ; sepals uniformly larger, some of them much
prolonged and leaf-like and conspicuously lobed (sometimes
becoming an inch long and wide) ; fruit much larger.”

. Hispipus L. Running Swamp-Blackberry.

Glade regions of Preston, Randolph and Webster coun-
ties. Fayette: near Nuttallburg (Nuttall).

. TRIVIALIS Michx. Low Bush-blackberry.

Sandy soil. Kanawha: near Charleston (James).

DALIBARDA L.

. REPENS L.

Deep mountain woods. Grant: near Bayard. Tucker:
along Blackwater Fork of Cheat (A/illspaugh). Preston:
near Aurora (Mr. & Mrs. Steele).

DRYMOCALLIS Fourr.
. ARGUTA (Pursb.) Rydb. (Potentilla arguta Pursh.).

Dry situations. Upshur: near French Creek (A. B.
Brooks).

FRAGARIA L.
VIRGINIANA Duches. Wild Strawberry.

Moist woodlands and fields, common. Monongalia: near
Morgantown (Browz). Gilmer: near Glenville (Mapel).
Fayette: near Nuttallburg (Nuttall). Hardy: near Moore-
field (Gamble).

. vescA L. Northern Wild Strawberry.

Shady woods, less common than the last. Kanawha: neai
Charleston (James). Fayette: near Nuttallburg (Nuttall).

DUCHESNEA J. E. Smith.

. Inpica (Andr.) Focke. Indian Strawberry. (Fragaria In-

dica Andr.).
Escaped to waste places. Monongalia: near Morgantown.
Kanawha: near Charleston (Barnes, Coulter, C. L. Brooks).

ULMARIA Hill.

. RUBRA Hill. (Spiraea lobata Gronov.).
Escaped and established near Pickens, Randolph County

(H. H, Smith, 1542).
. Urmaria (L.) Barnhart. (Spiraca Ulinaria Linn.).

Escaped and established near Pickens, Randolph County
(H. H. Smith, 1543).
WEST VIRGINIA GEOLOGICAL SURVEY 277

POTENTILLA L.

P. Monspeciensis L. (P. Norvegica L.).
Fields and wet places. Wood: near Kanawha Station.
Monongalia: near Morgantown. Grant: near Bayard. Fay-
ette: near Nuttallburg rare (Nuttall). Tucker: near Davis,
Randolph: near Pickens (H. H. Smith, 1365).
P. Canavensis L. Cinquefoil.
Dry fields, an abundant weed throughout the State.
Var. simMpLex (Michx.) T. & G.
Dry fields. Ohio: near Wheeling (Mertz & Guttenberg).
P. SULPHUREA Lam. (P. recta Am. Auth.).
Found growing in abundance in a meadow near South
Fairmont, Marion County (Boutlou).

WALDSTEINIA Willd.
W. FRAGARIOIDES (Michx.) Tratt. Barren Strawberry.
Wooded hillsides. Grant: near Bayard. Greenbrier: near
White Sulphur Springs (Heller, 830).

GEUM L.

G. RIVALE Linn.

In swampy places. Preston: in ‘Pine Swamp” near
Cranesville (A. B. Brooks).

G. CANADENSE Jacq. (G. album Gmel.).

Woods and thickets. Calhoun, Wood, Grant, Mineral, and
Monongalia Counties. Fayette: near Kanawha Falls
(James) ; near Nuttallburg (Nuttall). Summers: near Hin-
ton (Millspaugh). Webster: on Tater Knob (H. H. Smith,
1477).

G. Vircinranum L,

Borders of woods and low grounds. Wood, Wirt, Cal-
houn, Gilmer, Marion, Lewis, Monongalia, and Jefferson
Counties. Fayette: near Nuttallburg (Nuttall).

G. FLAvUM (Porter) Bicknell.

Along Madam Creek opposite Hinton, Summers County,
alt. 1,500 ft., July 9, 1900 (Morris, 965) ; along the Guyandot
River below Baileysville, Wyoming County, alt. 1,250 ft.,
August 15, 1900 (Morris, 1218).

G. veRNuUM (Raf.) T. & G.

Moist places. Monongalia: near Morgantown, Little

Falls. Marion: near Opekiska.

AGRIMONIA L.

A. uirsuta (Muhl.) Bicknell. (A. Eupatoria of Flora).
Borders of woods, frequent throughout the State. In a
278 THE WEST VIRGINIA FLORA

thicket about a spring near Kegley, Mercer County, alt. 2,100
ft., July 21, 1900 (Morris, 1042). Preston: near Aurora
(Mr. & Mrs. Steele).

A. PARVIFLORA Soland.

Woods and glades. Randolph: on Lone Sugar Knob.
Preston: near Terra Alta. Webster: Long Glade. Nicholas:
Collett’s Glade. Tucker: near Davis. Fayette: near Nuttall-
burg, alt. 2,000 ft. (Nuttall). Summers: near Hinton.
Monroe: near Alderson.

A. Brirroniana Bicknell.
Dry, open field. Webster: summit of Lone Tree Knob
(Millspaugh, 450).
A. GRYPOSEPALA Wallr.
Dry situations: Randolph: at Ford’s (Millspaugh, 425).
A. moiis (T. & G.) Britton.

Dry woods and thickets. Preston: near Aurora (Mr. &

Mrs. Stecle). ;
A. sTRIATA Michx.

Dry woods. Randolph: summit of Rich Mountain (Mills-
paugh, 450). Pocahontas: valley of the East Fork of the
Greenbrier River (Greenman, 137).

SANGUISORBA L.

S. Canapensis L. Burnet. (Poterium Canadense Gray).
Rich, moist woods. Randolph: along Cheat River.
Tucker: along Blackwater Fork of Cheat. Monongalia:
Cheat River near Camp Eden. Preston: Terra Alta (Mills-
paugh) ; at Read (Greenman, 171).

ROSA L.

R. sETIGERA Michx.

Escaped and established commonly about Fairmont, Ma-

rion County (Boutlou).
R. Carottna L_ Carolina Rose.

Damp places. Wood: near Kanawha Station, profuse.
Upshur: near Buckhannon. Webster: Long Glade. Ran-
dolph ; meadows along Tygart’s Valley River. Fayette: near
Nuttallburg (Nuttall).

R. numitis Marsh. Dwarf Wild Rose.

Dry soils. Wood: near Kanawha Station. Monongalia:
near Uffington and Beechwoods. Gilmer: near Glenville
(Mapel). Fayette: near Nuttallburg (Nuttall). Summers:
near Hinton.

R. Ltucipa (Ehrh.) Larger Wild Rose.
Shaded hillsides. Kanawha: near Charleston (James,
M.

WEST VIRGINIA GEOLOGICAL SURVEY 279

Barnes). Monongalia: plentiful along Cheat River above
Camp Eden. Fayette: Kanawha Falls (James).

. RuGOSA Thunb.

Established at Morgantown, Monongalia County (Shel-
don).

. RUBIGINOSA L. Sweet-brier. Eglantine.

Frequent along roadsides and thickets. Nicholas: along
Gauley River. Randolph: Staunton Pike on Cheat Moun-
tains. Summers: near Hinton. Monongalia: near Ice’s
Ferry.

. CANINA L.

Rocky Banks. Fayette: near Nuttallburg (Nuttall).

POMACEAE.

SORBUS L. a

AMERICANA Marsh. Mountain Ash. (Pyrus Americana DC.).

Danip mountain woods. Randolph: near Cheat Bridge.

Grant: near Bayard. Tucker: near Davis; and along the

Blackwater.. Preston: near Aurora (Mr. & Mrs. Steele).
Pendleton: on Spruce Knob (Greenman, 148).

MALUS Hill.

. coronaria (L.) Mill. Wild Crabapple. (Pyrus coronaria L.).

Opens and damp places. Monongalia: frequent about
Morgantown. Marion: along the Monongalia River. Gil-
mer: near Glenville (Mapel). Upshur: near Buckhannon
(Pollock). Pocahontas: near Travelers Repose (Greenman,
170). Fayette: near Nuttallburg (Nuttall). Mercer: near
Beaver Spr. Greenbrier: near White Sulphur Springs

(Eggleston, 4324, 4369).

. ANGUSTIFOLIA (Ait.) Michx. Narrow-leaved Crab. (Pyrus

angustifolia Ait.).

Glady regions of Preston, Webster and Nicholas Counties
(Millspaugh). Pocahontas: near Durbin (Greenman, 143).
GLAUCESCENS Rehder.

Greenbrier : near White Sulphur Springs (Eggleston 4323,
4363). Summers: near Hinton (Eggleston, 5571).

4

ARONIA Medic.

. ARBUTIFOLIA (L.) Medic. Choke Berry. (Pyrus arbuti-

folia L.).
Damp places. Webster: Upper Glade. Preston: near
Terra Alta. Nicholas: Collett’s Glade. Fayette: near Nutt-
280 THE WEST VIRGINIA FLORA

allburg, alt. 2,000 ft. (Nuttall). Upshur: near Buckhannon
(Pollock).
A. nigra (Willd.) Britton. (P. arbutifolia melanocarpa Michx.)
Preston: Reedsville Glade; Morgans’ Glade. Webster:
Upper and Welch Glades.

AMELANCHIER Medic.

A. CANADENSIS (L.) Medic. Shad Bush. June Berry.
Common generally, even in the higher mountains.

A. Borryarium (L.f.) D.C. (A. canadensis oblongifolia T. & G.)
Open woodlands. Preston: near Reedsville (Rumsey).

CRATAEGUS L.
C. amaArRA Ashe.
Summers: near Hinton (Eggleston, 5578, 5592).
C. Roanensis Ashe.
Summers: near Hinton (Eggleston, 5572, 5588). Hamp-
shire: near Romney (Brooks).
C. Marcaretta Ashe. (C. Brownit Britton).
Greenbrier: near White Sulphur Springs (Eggleston,

4317-21, 4326, 4329, 4302, 4368); on Kate’s Mountain

(Small). Fayette: near Thurmond (Eggleston, 5555-6,

5559, 5561). Summers: near Hinton (Eggleston, with red

fruit 5582, with yellow 5583; 5589).

C, STRAMINEA Beadle.
Greenbrier : near White Sulphur Springs (Eggleston 4322,

4330, 4370). Summers: near Hinton (Eggleston 5563, 5570).

C. prutnosa (Wendl.) K. Koch.
Greenbrier : near White Sulphur Springs (Eggleston 4327,

4372). Summers: near Hinton (Eggleston, 5586).

C. succuLtenta Schrad. (C. macrantha Lodd.)
Greenbrier: near White Sulphur Springs (Eggleston 4328,
4371). Summers: near Hinton (Eggleston, 5593).
C. MACROSPERMA Ashe. forma.

Greenbrier : about the base of Kate’s Mountain near White
Sulphur Springs (Eggleston, 4332). Monongalia: near
Morgantown (Brooks).

. PAUSIACA Ashe.
Upshur: near Buckhannon (Brooks).
FOETIDA Ashe.
Grant: along Abram Creek (Brooks).
Hotmesiana Ashe.
Monongalia: near Morgantown (Brooks).
SPATHULATA Michx.
Rocky woods. Mercer: near Beaver Spring, and Wills.
McDowell: near Elkhorn.

OP er 4a a
WEST VIRGINIA GEOLOGICAL SURVEY 281

. coRDATA ( Mill.) Ait.
Rocky mountain woods. Mercer: near Beaver Spring,
Ada, and Ingleside.
. OXYACANTHA L.
River banks. Fayette: near Nuttallburg (Nuttall).

C. ApmiroLia (Marsh.) Michx.

Rocky woods. Mercer: near Ingleside and at Beaver
Spring.

. coccINEA L. Scarlet Thorn.

Thickets. Calhoun: Lower Leading Creek. Monongalia:
near Ice’s Ferry. Mlarion: near Opekiska. Gilmer: near
Glenville (Mapel). Fayette: near Nuttallbure (Nuttall).
Upshur: near Buckhannon. Summers: near Hinton. Hardy:
near Moorefield (Gamble). Mercer: near Ingleside.

. MOLLIs (T. & G.) Scheele. (C. coccinea, var. mollis, T. & G.)
Mercer: near Beaver Spring and Ingleside.

C. TOMENTOSA L. Black Thorn.

Uplands. Monongalia: near Stewartstown and Uffing-
ton; road to Dorsey’s Knob. Randolph: near Cheat Bridge.
Tucker: along the Blackwater. Wirt: near Elizabeth. Wood:
near Lockhart’s Run. Summers: near Hinton. McDowell:
near Elkhorn. Grant: near Abram Creek (Brooks).

. PUNCTATA Jacq.

Borders and open woods. Monongalia: near Ice’s Ferry;
Cheat River above Camp Eden. Greenbrier: near White
Sulphur Springs (Eggleston 4325, Milispaugh). Fayette:
near Nuttallburg (Nuttall).

. Crus-GALLti L. Cockspur Thorn.

Thickets. Monongalia: frequent. Marion: near Hough-
town. Preston: near Reedsville and Terra Alta. Mineral:
near Keyser. Jefferson: near Shenandoah Junction. Up-
shur: near Buckhannon. Fayette: near Nuttal!burg (Nuti-
all); near Gauley Bridge (Eggleston, 5538). Greenbrier:
near White Sulphur Springs. Summers: near Hinton
Hardy: near Moorefield (Gamble). Mercer: near Beaver
Springs and Ingleside.

. FLAVA Ait. Summer Haw.

Shady river banks. Fayette: banks of New River near
Nuttallburg (Nuttall). Mercer: near Ingleside; along
stream opposite Wills. McDowell: along Tug Fork, near
Welch.

. UNIFLORA Muench. (C. parviflora Ait).

Sandy woods. Mercer: along streamlet near Ingleside
(Millspaugh). Summers: near Hinton (Eggleston: with red
fruits 5573, with yellow fruits 5574).
arg THE WEST VIRGINIA FLORA

C. koTUNDIFOLIA (Ehrh.) Bork.
Greenbrier Co.: on Kate’s Mountain, alt. 3,300 ft. (Small).

DRUPACEAE.

PRUNUS L.
P. Americana Marsh. Wild Yellow or Red Plum.

River banks and woodlands. Hardy: near Moorefield.
Monongalia: near Morgantown. Marion: near Opekiska.
Tyler: near Long Reach (Col. Johnson). Wood: near
Lockhart’s Run. Gilmer: near Glenville (Mapel). Ran-
dolph: near Pickens. Fayette: near Nuttallburg (Nuttall) ;
above Gauley Bridge (Eggleston, 5530).

P. ANGUSTIFOLIA Michx. (P. chicasa Michx.).

Thickets. Monongaliay Permian formations near Cass-
ville. Tyler: near Long Reach.

P. Pennsytyanica, L. f. Wild Red Cherry.

Rocky woods. Very common throughout the eastern por-
tion of the State.

P. Vircintana L Choke Cherry.

Moist, shady places, common.

P. serotina Ehrh. Wild Black Cherry.

Common throughout the State, where it often forms ex-
tensive and very valuable forests. This is especially true of
the tree in the central eastern section.

AMYGDALUS Linn.
A. Persica L. Peach.
Several trees were growing in the woods along Dry Fork
above Peeryville, McDowell County, alt. 1,300 ft., August 4,
1900 (Morris, 1130).

CAESALPINACEAE.

CERCIS L.
C. Canapensis L. Red-bud. Judas’ Tree.

Especially common on hillsides along the Great Kanawha
River in Putnam and Mason Counties. Monongalia: along
Cheat River; and the Monongahela. Wirt: along Little Kan-
awha River. Gilmer: near Glenville (Mapel). Upshur:
near Buckhannon (Pollock). Fayette: near Nuttallburg
(Nuttall). Summers: near Hinton.

CASSIA L.

C. Marivanpica L. Wild Senna.
Sandy alluvium. Fayette: near Nuttallburg (Nuttall).
WEST VIRGINIA GEOLOGICAL SURVEY 283

near Gauley Bridge. Gilmer: near Glenville (Prof. Brown).
Kanawha: near Pocotaligo. Jackson: near Sandyville. Jef-
ferson: near Harpers Ferry. Mason: near Point Pleasant.
Harrison: near Shinnston. Summers: near Hinton. Monon-
galia: near Morgantown. Hardy: near Moorefield (Gamnr-
ble).

C. Alepscert Shafer.

Dry gravelly situations. Ohio: near Wheeling (Gutten-
berg).

C. CHaMAEcHRisTa L, Partridge Pea.

Sandy fields. Monongalia: near the mouth of Cheat
River. Marion: near Opekiska. Fayette: near Nuttallburg
(Nuttall).

C. nictrirans L. Wild Sensitive Plant.

Sandy places. Monongalia: along the Monongahela River.
Marion: near Clements. Fayette: near Nuttallburg (Nuti-
all); near Hawks Nest (Holton). Barbour: near Tygart
Junction (Greenman, 181). Mason: near Point Pleasant.
Summers: near Hinton. Hardy: near Moorefield (Gamble).

C. NICTITANS COMMIXTA (Poll. & Max.) comb. nov.

Chamaecrista nictitans commixta Pollard & Maxon, Proc.
Biol. Soc. Wash., 14:163 (190T).

Plant of low stature, very densely and divaricately branch-
ing, the stems finely pubescent or puberulent: leaves resem-
bling those of nictitans but often with more numerous leaf-
lets; petiolar gland cupulate or truncate, usually nearly ses-
sile; flowers and fruits as in C. nictitans.

Collected by Charles L. Pollard and William R. Maxon in
alluvial soil along New River at Quinnimont, Fayette County,
August 21, 1899. Their No. 31, the type, is in the National
Herbarium as No. 357,069.

GLEDITSIA L.

G. TRIAcANTHOS L. Honey or Black Locust.
Rich woods. Monongalia: near Morgantown. Wirt: on
Nigh-Cut Hill. Randolph: Rich Mts.; Point Mt., alt. 23-
3,700 ft. Gilmer: near Glenville. Hardy: near Moorefield.

GYMNOCLADUS Lam.
G. piorcA (L.) Koch. Kentucky Coffee-tree. (G. Canadensis,
Lam.).
Rich woods, infrequent. Randolph: Point Mountain, be-
yond Valley Bend. Webster: Buffalo Bull Mountain, along
ridge.
284 THE WEST VIRGINIA FLORA
PAPILIONACEAE,

BAPTISIA Vent.

B. tinctoria (L.) R. Br. Wild Indigo. “Shoo Fly.”

Sandy opens. Randolph: along Middle Fork; along
Tygart’s Valley River; Point and Rich Mountains. Web-
ster: beyond Addison. Nicholas: between long and Collett’s
Glades. Gilmer: near Glenville (Mapel). Kanawha: near
Coalburg (James). Fayette: near Nuttallburg (Nutiall).
Upshur: near Buckhannon (Pollock). Preston: near Terra
Alta.

B. vittosa (Walt.) Nutt.
Rocky woods. Mercer: near Ingleside.
B. austratis (L.) R. Br. Blue False Indigo.

River shores. Ohio: along the Ohio near Wheeling
(Mertz & Guttenberg). Along New River. Fayette: near
Nuttallburg, common (Nuttall). Summers: near Hinton,
abundant. Mercer: Beaver Springs.

LUPINUS L.

L. PERENNIS L. Lupine.
Sandy soils. Monongalia: near the mouth of Cheat River.

ULEX Linn.

U. Evropageus L. Gorse.
Largely escaped and fully naturalized on a cleared hillside,
with no evidence of a previous habitation. Randolph: near
Pickens, where it is called “Thistle” (H. H. Smith, 2022).

CYTISUS Linn.

C. scopartus (L.) Link. Broom.
An extensive naturalization of this species occurs with the
Ulex near Pickens, Randolph County, where it is used for
house brooms and called, locally, “Ginster” (H. H. Smith,
1928).
MEDICAGO L.
M. sativa L. Lucerne.
Dry places. Monongalia: in cinders of railroad near
Morgantown, where it has persisted for several years.
M. tuputina L. Black Medic.
Dry places. Marion: near Catawba (Walker). Monon-
galia: near Uffington.
WEST VIRGINIA GEOLOGICAL SURVEY 285

MELILOTUS Juss.

M. orFicinaALis (L.) Lam. Yellow Melilot.
Ohio: near Wheeling (Mertz & Guttenberg).
M. arpa Desv. White Melilot. Sweet Clover. Bokhara Clover.
Roadsides and ditches. Jackson: near Sandyville. Wood:
near Parkersburg. Monongalia: near Morgantown. Berke-
ley: near Martinsburg. Jefferson: near Summit Point, and
Shenandoah Junction Mason: near Pt. Pleasant. Mineral:
near Keyser. Hardy: near Moorefield.

TRIFOLIUM L.

T. ARVENSE L. Rabbit-foot Clover.

Established in many places along roadsides and in old
fields. Kanawha: near Pocotaligo. Jackson: along C. & P.
Pike. Mineral: near Keyser (Workman). Cabell: near
Barboursville (James). Jefferson: near Charlestown. Hamp-
shire: near Romney.

T. PRATENSE L. Red Clover.

A common escape to fields, roadsides, and open woods;
even in the higher Alleghenies. With pure white flowers.
Randolph: near Pickens (H. H. Smith, 1367).

T. Vircinicum Small, Mem. Torr. Club, 4:112 (1894) Tab. 75.

Perennial from a large and long root, diffusely branched
from the summit of the root; branches 2 to 4 cm. long, strict-
ly prostrate, pubescent; leaves 3-foliate, petiole 4 to 8 cm.
long; leaflets linear, linear-lanceolate or oblanceolate, I to 4
cm. long, acute or cuspidate, serrate-dentate, glabrous above,
more or less silky beneath, conspicuously veined; sepals
ovate, conspicuous; inflorescence in terminal, globose heads,
about 2.5 cm. in diameter; flowers whitish, more or less
crowded on slender pedicels, .2 to .4 cm., standard emarginate-
mucronate, striate; calyx clothed with long silky hairs, the
teeth subulate, nearly half the length of the corolla. Pods
and seeds not seen. :

Growing on the rocky slopes of Kate’s Mountain, Green-
brier County, in company with Clematis ovata (Small; Mac-
kensie; Heller, 843).

This species is most closely related to T. stoloniferum by
its flower, but in all other respects it differs from that and
all the other eastern American species.

T. REPENS L. White Clover. :

Fields, open woods, and waste places; common throughout

the State. ,
286 THE WEST VIRGINIA FLORA

T.

LT

Re

HypripuM L. Alsike Clover.
Becoming frequent in fields and meadows. Monongalia:
on the University Campus.
STOLONIFERUM Muhl.
In dry woodlands. Monongalia: near Marilla (Sheldon,
1640).

. AUREUM Poll. (T. agrarium Linn.).

Sandy hills and roadsides. Upshur: near Buckhannon:
summit on Staunton Pike. Randolph: Cheat Mountain
Battlefield. Cabell: near Huntington (James). Hampshire:
near Romney. Preston: near Aurora (Mr. & Mrs. Steele).

. PROCUMBENS L.. Low Yellow Clover.

Sandy fields, and roadsides. Kanawha: near Charleston
(Barnes). Jackson: plentiful in fields and elong roads.
Fayette: near Nuttallburg (Nuttall).

CRACCA L. (1753).
(Tephrosia Pers. 1807).

VircINIANA L. Goats Rue. (T. Virginiana Pers.).
Dry sandy soils. Monongalia: near Morgantown (Mills-
paugh). Gilmer: near Glenville (Mapel). Webster Co. on
an “island” in Upper Glade. Kanawha: near the Salinas
(Holton).
ROBINIA L,
. Pseup-Acacia L. Yellow Locust.

Common throughout the State, even in the higher moun-
tains.

Dr. Asa Gray, in his account of a “Botanical Excursion
to the mountains of North Carolina,” says: “On the rocky
banks of the Potomac below Harper’s Ferry, we saw for
the first time the common Locust tree (Robinia Pseud-
acacia) decidedly indigenous. It probably extends to the
southern confines of Pennsylvania; and from this point
south, it is everywhere abundant, but we did not meet with
it east of the Blue Ridge.” “The Blue Ridge forms our east-
ern boundary line between Jefferson county and the State
of Virginia. Our State is therefore the eastern extension
of this species, though it extends farther north into Pennsyl-
vania.

HISPIDA L. Bristly or Rose Acacia.

Rich soils. Monongalia: near Morgantown; near Cheat

River. Preston: in Laurel Hills. Summers: near Hinton.

R. viscosa Vent.

Highlands. Ohio: near Wheeling (Mertz, 576).
WEST VIRGINIA GEOLOGICAL SURVEY 287

ASTRAGALUS L.

A. CaroLinianus L. (A. Canadensis L.).

River banks. Monongalia: near Camp Eden. Preston:

along Cheat River. Webster: Long Glade. Fayette: near

Hawk’s Nest (James); near Nuttallburg (Nuttall). Sum-
mers: near Hinton. ;

Specimens found by Mr. Nuttall in his locality resemble
so completely Linnaeus’ description of A. Carolinianus—
which, however, is not sufficiently different from his A.
Canadensis published later, to consider these as two spe-
cies—the former must, therefore, take precedence and stand
for the species.

A. vistortus T. & G.

Since the publication of the Preliminary Catalogue, Dr.
Gamble has succeeded in securing fruits of this species, re-
ported generically only in that work. This is the farthest
eastern extension of the species, which ranges, according to
the manual, from Illinois to Iowa, Missouri, Kansas and
Texas.

Hardy: near Moorefield (Hopkins; Gamble)

STYLOSANTHES Swartz.

S. BIFLoRA (L.), B.S. P. Pencil Flower. (S. elatior, Sw.).
Dry, open woods. Wirt: near Burning Springs. Up-
shur: summit on Staunton Pike. Summers: near Hinton.
Fayette: rocky banks of New River near Nuttallburg,
(Nuttall). Monongalia: near Camp Eden.
S. RIPARIA Kearney. (S. procumbens, Siv.).
Shores of New River. Summers: near Hinton.
First report of this species north of Tennessee.

MEIBOMIA Heist.
(Desmodium Desv.)

M. nNuptFLorA (L.). Kuntze. Tick Tree-foil.

Rich woods, common. Wood: near Leachtown. Randolph:
on Point Mountain. Webster: Buffalo Bull Mountain. Gil-
mer: near Glenville (Brown). Fayette: near Nuttallburg
(Nuttall). Summers: near Hinton. Preston: near Aurora
Mr. & Mrs. Steele).

M. PAUCIFLoRA (Nutt.) Kuntze. ;

In woods along Laurel Branch east of Oceana, Wyoming

county, alt. 2,000 feet, August 22, 1900 (Morris, 1291).
M. GRANDIFLORA (Walt.). Kuntze. D. acumintum, D. C.

Rich woods. Monongalia: Marion: Preston: Wetzel:

Mineral: Jefferson: Berkeley and Calhoun counties. Fayette:
288

THE WEST VIRGINIA FLORA

near Kanawha Falls (James); near Nuttallburg (Nuttall).
Summers: near Hinton. Kanawha: near Charleston; and
frequent throughout the State. Randolph: near Pickens (H.
HI. Smith, 1549).

. MICHAUXII Vail. “Hive Vine.” (D. rotundifolium, DC.).

Dry, rocky woods. Monongalia: near Morgantown.
Lewis: along Leading Creek. Upshur: near Lawrence.
Fayette: near Nuttallburg, alt. 1,500 ft. (Nuttall).
ocHROLEUCA (M. A. Curtiss) Kuntze. :

Mineral: along Knobby Mountains. Jefferson: near Mill-
ville.

CANESCENS (L.) Kuntze.

Open woods and clearings. Wood: near Lockhart’s Run.
Monongalia: campus, Morgantown. Summers: near Riffe
and Wolf Creek. An abundant weed. Fayette: near Nut-
tallburg (Nuttall). Monroe: near Alderson; the worst weed
in some fields. Mason: near Point Pleasant.

. BRACTEOSA (Michx.) Kuntze. (D. cuspidatum Hook).

Thickets. Monongalia: along Decker’s Creek; near the
mouth of Cheat River. Marion: near Little Falls. Wood:
near Kanawha Station. Fayette: near Nuttallburg (Nuttall).
Summers: near Hinton.

. Dittenirt (Darl.) Kuntze.

Open woodlands. Monongalia, Wood, Marion, Wirt,
Upshur, Lewis, Jefferson, Berkeley, Grant and Preston coun-
ties. Monroe: near Alderson. Wyoming: along the Guyan-
dot River near Baileysville, a very troublesome weed in
fields (Morris, 1254).

. PANICULATA (L.) Kuntze.

Copses. Wood, Wirt, Calhoun and Gilmer, along the
Little Kanawha River. Monongalia and Marion: along the
Monongalia River. Fayette: near Nuttallburg (Nuttall).
Summers: near Hinton.

. CANADENSIS (L.) Kuntze.

Dry, but rich woodlands. Monongalia: at The Flats.
Marion: near Opekiska. Wood: near Kanawha Station.
Mason: at Point Pleasant.

. LAEVIGATA (Nutt.) Kuntze.

In dry woods. Preston: near Aurora (Mr. & Mrs. Steele).

. RIGIDA (EIl.) Kuntze.

Dry hillsides. Monongalia: near Morgantown: on Dor-
sey’s Knob. Mineral: along Knobby Mts. Marion: oppo-
site Montana. Ohio: near Wheeling (Mertz, 628).

. oBTUSA (Muhl.) Vail. (D. ciliare DC.).

Dry hillsides. Monongalia: Cheat View, Little Falls,
Beechwoods. Marion: near Houghtown. Lewis: near Wes-
ton. Upshur: near Buckhannon.
WEST VIRGINIA GEOLOGICAL SURVEY 289

M. Maritanpica (L.) Kuntze.

Copses. Grant: near Bayard. Mineral: near Keyser.
Berkeley: North Mountain. Morgan: near Hancock. Jef-
ferson: Shenandoah Jc. Summers: near Hinton.

M. ARENICOLA Vail. (D. lineatum DC.).

Dry soils. Jefferson: near Shenandale Springs. Gilmer:
near Glenville (MJapel).

LESPEDEZA Michx.

L. REPENS (L.) Bart. Bush Clover.

Dry, sandy soils. Monongalia: hills near The Flats; banks
of the Monongalia below Dille’s. Wood: near Kanawha
Station. Kanawha: Charleston (James). Summers: near
Hinton. Ohio: near Wheeling (Mertz 635). Jefferson:
near Harper’s Ferry (Mertz).

L. viotacea (L.) Pers.

Dry copses. Monongalia: near Morgantown. Wood:
near Parkersburg. Wirt: near Burning Springs. Fayette:
near Nuttallburg (Nuttall). Summers: near Hinton.

L. Virernica (L.) Britt.
River shores. Summers: near Hinton, along New River.
L. Stuver Nutt.

Mountain sides. Fayette: near: Nuttallburg (Nuttall).

L. Frutescens (L.) Britton. (L. Stuvei intermedia et reticu-
lata Wats.).

River banks. Fayette: near Nuttallburg, along New River,
plentiful (Nuttall).

L. nirra (L.) EIL (L. polystachya Michx.).

Dry opens. Fayette: near Nuttallburg, alt. 2,000 ft.
(Nuttall). Preston: near Aurora (Mr. & Mrs. Steele).

L. caritata Michx.

Dry sandy soil. Ohio: River banks, frequent. Mcnon-
galia: near Morgantown. Marion: near Catawba, and
Houghtown.

L. striata (Thunb). Hook & Arn. Japanese Clover.

Dry, red soils. Spreading profusely along the C. & O.

R. R. in Kanawha, Putnam and Cabell counties.

VIGIAST:.

V. Carotinana Walt. Carolina Vetch or Tare.

River banks and edges of glades. Webster: Welsh Glade;
island in Long Glade. Wood: shores of Little Kanawha
River. Gilmer: near Glenville (Mapel). Fayette: near
Nuttallburg (Nuttall). Monongalia: near Cassville. Green-
brier Co., Kate’s Mountain, White Sulphur Springs, alt. 3,000
ft. (Small; Eggleston 4349).
290 THE WEST VIRGINIA FLORA

LATHYRUS L.
L. venosus Muhl. |
Shady banks. Mineral: banks of the Potomac near Key-
ser. Fayette: near Nuttallburg, a form 10-15 flowered, with
winged stem and stipules 3-15 lines long (Nuttall) Greenbrier
Co., Kate’s Mountain, alt. 3,300 ft. (Small; Eggleston 4357;
Heller 828).
L. vatirotrus Linn.
Established on the University campus at Morgantown,
Monongalia Co. (Sheldon 3597, July 1909.)

FALCATA Gmel.
F. comosa (L.) Kuntze. (Amphicarpa monoica Ell.).
Rich, damp thickets. Monongalia and Marion: along the
Monongahela River. Fayette: near Nuttallburg (Nuttall).
Preston: near Aurora (Mr. & Mrs. Steele).

APIOS Moench,
A. Aptos (L.) MacM. Ground Nut. (A. tuberosa Moen.).
Low grounds along streams. Frequent throughout the
State. Fayette: near Nuttallburg, not common (Nuttall).

GALACTIA P. Br.

G. REGuLARIS (L.) B. S. P.
Fayette: near Quinnimont on bottom lands of New River
(Pollard & Maxon 29).

PHASEOLUS L.
P. potystacuyus (L.) B. S. P. Wild Kidney Bean. (P. peren-
nis Walt.).
Copses. Wood: near Kanawha Station. Monongalia:
near Morgantown. Mason: near Point Pleasant.

STROPHOSTYLES Ell.

S. HELVoLA (L.) Britton. (Phaseolus helvolus L.).
Sandy river banks. Mason: banks of the Ohio near Point
Pleasant. Fayette: near Nuttallburg, with the inner surface
of the petals pink (Nuttall) ; Quinnimont (Pollard & Maxon
32).
GERIANIACAE.

GERANIUM L.

G. MacuLatum L. Wild Geranium.
Open woods and clearings, frequent throughout the State.
A small form with leaves round in outline and from 1-2 in.
in diameter at Bluefield, Mercer county.
WEST VIRGINIA GEOLOGICAL SURVEY 2gi

G. Ropertianum L. Herb Robert.

Rocks of cool, shaded ravines, rare. Marion: near Fair-

mont. Gilmer: near Glenville (Mapel).
G. CaroLtntanum L. Cranesbill,

Fields, meadows and waste places. Mercer: near Ingle-
side. Fayette: near Nuttallburg (Nuttall). Kanawha: near
Charleston (Barnes). Monogalia: on the University Cam-
pus; and frequent throughout the State.

OXALIDACEAE.,
OXALIS L. i

O. AcetosELLA L. Wood Sorrel.

Deep, rich, mountain woods. Randolph: on Point Moun-
tain; Cheat Mountain near Cheat Bridge, where this species
grows in such profusion as to actually carpet the Spruce
forests. Grant: near Bayard. Tucker: near Davis; and
Land of Canaan. Gilmer: near Glenville (Mapel). Fayette:
near Nuttallburg (Nuttall).

O. vIoLAcea L.

Rich, cool woods. Randolph: on Point Mountain. Mon-
ongalia: up Falling Run; at Uffington and Little Falls.
Marion: near Beechwoods; Opekiska and Catawha. Gilmer:
near Glenville (Mapel). Fayette: near Nuttallburg, rare
(Nuttall). Lewis: near Lorentz (Pollock). Hardy: near
Moorefield (Gamble). Mercer: near Beaver Spring.

©. stricta L. Sheep Sorrel.

Fields, cultivated grounds and roadsides. Common

throughout the State.
O. rEcuRVA EI.

Open places. Fayette: near Nuttallburg, common (Nutt-
all).

O. cymosa Small.

In woods and opens. Preston: near Aurora (Mr. & Mrs.
Steele). ‘

O. FILIPES Small.
Monongalia: common about Morgantown (Sheldon).
O. GRANDIS Small.

Monongalia: along the railroad south of Morgantown

(Sheldon 1392).
292 THE WEST VIRGINIA FLORA

LINACEAE,
LINUM L.

. VirGINIANUM L. Wild Flax.

Open woods, borders and roadsides. Wood, Wirt, Cal-
houn, Gilmer, Lewis and Upshur. Randolph: along Ty-
gart’s Valley River. Webster and Nicholas; near Richwood
(H. H. Smith 1740). Kanawha: near Peabody; near Coal-
burgh (James). Jackson, Monongalia, and Preston. Fay-
ette: near Gauley Bridge; near Kanawha Fails (James) ;
near Nuttallburg (Nuttall). .Kanawha: near Charleston
(James).

. STRIATUM Walt.

Damp places. Webster: in Upper and Long Glades
Preston: in glades near Terra Alta and Reedsville (Mills-
paugh); near Aurora (Mr. & Mrs. Steele). Fayette: near
Nuttallburg, in sphagnous bog (Nuttall). Monongalia: at
Camp Eden.

. USITATISSIMUM L. Flax.

An uncommon adventive. Fayette: along the C. & O.
R. R., near Nuttallbure (Nuttall).

RUTACEAE.
XANTHOXYLUM L.

. AmMerrcANuM Mill. Prickly Ash. Toothache-tree.

Rocky woods, becoming rare. Jefferson: near Flowing
Spring. Monongalia: Decker’s Creek. Taylor: along Cheat
River.

RUTA L.

. GRAVEOLENS L. Rue.

Escaped from gardens. Randolph: on Point Mountain
along the road about half way to the summit.

PTELEA L.
TRIFOLIATA L. Wafer Ash. Hop-tree.
River banks. Jefferson: near Harper’s Ferry (Aerts &
Guttenberg). Hancock: along Oak Run. Brooke: on Short

Creek. Summers: on banks of New River, near Hamilton,
common.
WEST VIRGINIA GEOLOGICAL SURVEY 293
SIMARUBACEAE.
AILANTHUS Desi.

A. GLANDULOSA Desf. Tree of Heaven.

Naturalized from China. The seeding-in of this culti-
vated species is so profuse in the following localities as to
render it a great nuisance. Monongalia: near Morgantown.
Gilmer: De Kalb P. O. Lewis: near Weston. Kanawha:
at Pocotaligo. Jackson: near Sandyville. Marion: Fairmont.
Gilmer: near Glenville (Mapel). Jefferson: near Harpet’s
Ferry, and Charlestown,

POLY GALACEAE.
POLYGALA L,

P. viripescens L. Red Milkwort. (P. sanguinea L.).
Sandy fields. Wood: near Kanawha Station. Webster:
Upper Glade. Preston: near Terra Alta. Fayette: near
Nuttallburg, alt. 2,400 ft. (Nuttall). Preston: near Aurora
(Mr. & Mrs. Steele).
Forma. ALBIFLORA Wheelock.

In the glades of Webster and Preston counties.

P. Mariana Mill. P. fastigiata Nutt.

Damp places. Preston: near Terra Alta.

P. Curtissii Gray.
Glady spots. Fayette: near Nuttallburg (Nuttall).
P. cruciata L. Cross Milkwort.

Margins of Glades. Preston: near Reedsville. \ebster:
Upper Glade.

P. verticittata L. Whorled Milkwort.

Dry places. Wirt: near Burning Springs. Lewis: near
Leading Creek. Upshur: near Buckhannon. Summers:
near Hinton.

P. amBicua Nutt.

Dry soils. Wood: near Lockhart’s Run. Wirt: near Eliza-
beth. Calhoun: on Nigh-Cut Hill. Monongalia: hills below
Morgantown. Fayette: near Nuttallburg (Nuttall). Pres-
ton: Aurora (Mr. & Mrs, Steele).

P. Nutracii T. & G.

Mountain woods. Fayette: near Nuttallburg, alt. 2,000 ft.

(Nuttall).
P. Seneca L. Seneca Snake-root.
Rocky soils and rich bottoms. Mineral: near Keyser
294 THE WEST VIRGINIA FLORA

(Workman). Webster: in Welsh, Long and Collett’s glades.
Preston: Reedsville glade. (Long glade is said to be white
with this species when it is in bloom.)
P. pauciFoLia Willd. Fringed Polygala.
Rocky woods. Mineral: near Keyser along the Knobby
Mountains (Workman). Hardy: near Moorefield (Gamble.)
Greenbrier Co., Kate’s Mountain, alt. 3,300 ft. (Small).

EUPHORBIACEAE.
CHAMAESYCE S. F. Gray.

C. GLYSTOPERMA PUBESCENS (Engelm.). (Euphorbia glyptos-
perma pubescens Englm.).

Sandy soil. Mason: banks of the Ohio river, near Point
Pleasant.- The only station so far known in the State.

C. macutata (L.) Small. Spotted Spurge. (Euphorbia macu-
lata L.).

Arid soils. Common even in the higher Alleghanies.
Mineral Co., opposite Cumberland, Md. (Small). Tucker:
near Parsons (Greenman).

C. Prestit (Guss.) Arthur. (Euphorbia Preslit Guss.).

Dry soils and pastures. Common throughout the State,
even in the higher Alleghanies. Tucker: near Parsons and
Hendricks (Greenman).

DICHROPHYLLUM. KI. & Garcke.

D. MarcrnatuM (Pursh.) Kl. & Garcke. (Euphorbia marginata
Pursh.).
An escape from cultivation. Taylor: permanently estab-
lished near Mannington (Mapel). Monongalia: the Flats
near Morgantown.

TITHYMALOPSIS Kl. & Garcke.

T. corottata (L.) Small. Flowering Spurge. (Euphorbia
corollata L.).

Dry soils. Wirt: near Elizabeth. Lewis: along Leading
Creek. Upshur: near Laurentz. Randolph: on Lone Sugar
Knob, alt. 2,800 ft. Webster: Long Glade. Nicholas:
Mumble-the-peg Creek. Kanawha: along 8-Mile Creek:
near Pocataligo. Jackson: Fisher’s Point. Wood: on Lime-
stone Ridge. Gilmer: near Glenville (Mapel). Fayette:
near Nuttallburg (Nuttall). Grant: near Bayard. Monon-
galia: plentiful along Cheat River, near Camp Eden. Green-
brier: near White Sulphur Springs. Monroe: near Alderson.
WEST VIRGINIA GEOLOGICAL SURVEY 295

Summers: near Hinton. Mason: near Point Pleasant. Bar-
bour: near Tygart Junction; and Tucker near Parsons
(Greenman). -

POINSETTIA R. Grah.

P. penTATA (Michx.). Small. (Euphorbia dentata Michx.).
Rich soil. Ohio: near Wheeling.

TITHYMALUS Adans.

T. DarLinetonti(Gray) Small. (Euphorbia Darlingtonii A.Gray).

Damp woods. Pocahontas: along the mountains (Hop-

kins). Randolph: Blister Swamp near Gandy Creek (Green-
man).

T. optusatus (Pursh.) Small. (Euphorbia obtusata Pursh.).

Rich soil. Ohio: near Wheeling (Mertz & Guttenberg).

T. Cyparisstras (L.) Hill. “Grave-yard-weed.” (Euphorbia
Cyparissias L.).

A frequent escape from cemeteries. Monongalia: near
Morgantown. Cabell: near Huntington,

T. comuutatus (Englm.). Kl. & Garcke. (Euphorbia comiu-
tata Englm.).

Woodlands. Jefferson: near Harper’s Ferry (Mertz &
Guttenberg) ; near Shepherdstown. Mineral: near Keyser
(Workman) along Knobby Mountains. Sunimers: near
Hinton, abundant. Hardy: near Moorefield (Gamble).
Hampshire: near Romney.

T. Latuyrus (L.) Hill. “Mole- weed.” (Euphorbia Lathyrus L.).

Escaped from gardens, where it is cultivated with the
idea of keeping out moles. Randolph: roadside up Point
Mountain.

ACALYPHA L.

A. Vircinica L.
Fields and waste places. Common throughout the State.
forma INTERMEDIA Millsp. Prel. Cat. Fl. W. Va., 436.

A form apparently uniting A. Virginica, L. with A. Caro-
liniana, Ell. especially in the matter of leaves and bracts, is
found near Nuttallburg (Nuttall), and Hawk’s Nest; as well
as along New River opposite Hinton.

PHYLLANTHUS Linn.

P. CarRoLinensis Walt.
Dry situations. Mason: near Point Pleasant (Sheldon

1940).
296 THE WEST VIRGINIA FLORA
CALEST RAG.EA CE AR,
CALLITRICHE Linn.

C. HETEROPHYLLA Pursh.
Fayette: near Nuttallburg (Nuttall).

EMPETRACEAE.

{CorEMA Conrapt, Torr., mentioned in Botanical
Gazette, Vol. 2, P. 136, as occurring near Hawk’s Nest,
Fayette Co., is proven by Prof. James to be another
plant, it should therefore not yet be credited to this

State. ]

BUXACEAE.
PACHYSANDRA Michx.

P. procuUMBENS Mlichx.
Credited to West Virginia in Britton & Brown, Illustrated

Flora, vol. 2, p. 384. I have not seen the specimen authen-
ticating this reference.

LIMNANTHACEAE.
FLOERKEA Willd.
F. PROSERPINACOIDES Willd. , False Mermaid.

Wet places. Ohio: near Wheeling (Mertz & Guttenberg).
Preston: glades near Terra Alta. Lewis: near Lorentz

(Pollock).
ANACARDIACEAE,
RHUS L.
R. wirta (L.) Sudw. Staghorn Sumach. (R. typhina L.).

Dry hillsides. Gilmer: DeKalb Postoffice; near Glenville
(Mapel). Monongalia: near Stewartstown. Summers: near
Hinton. Fayette: near Nuttallburg (Nuttall). Randolph:
near Pickens (H. H. Smith 1376). Preston: near Aurora
(Mr. & Mrs. Steele).

During the season of 1890 to 1891 hundreds of plants of
this species were noted in Monongalia county to have the
inflorescence reverted to leaves, making a strikingly beauti-
WEST VIRGINIA GEOLOGICAL SURVEY 297

ful proliferation when young. This effect, according to Dr.
Britton, formed the type of the Linnzan species, Datisca
hirta (L. Sp. Pl. 1037) collected by Kalm near Philadelphia,
Pa.

R. cLasra L. Smooth Sumach.

Frequent or very common in all parts of the State, in rocky
or barren soils. Randolph: Point Mountain, alt. 2,200 ft.;
Cheat Mountains, alt. 2,700-3,600 ft. Cabell: near Barbours-
ville (James). Summers: near Hinton. Fayette: near Nut-
tallburg, not common (Nuttall). Hardy: near Moorefield
(Gamble).

R. copaLtina L. Dwarf Sumach.

Dry fields and rocky places. Wood: near Lockhart’s Run,
plentiful. Webster: Buffalo Bull Mountains, alt. 2,575 ft.
Randolph: Cheat Mountains, alt. 3,200 ft.; near Hodam (H.
H. Smith 1527). Preston: near Aurora (AM/r. & Mrs.
Steele). Monongalia: near Ice’s Ferry. Fayette: near Nutt-
allburg, alt. 2,000 ft., common (Nuttall); and frequent
throughout the State. Mercer: Beaver Springs and Ingle-
side.

R. VERNIX L. Poison Sumach. Poison Elder. (R. venenata DC.)
Swampy places. Randolph: Stalnaker Run. Preston:
near Terra Alta, infrequent.

R. rapicans L. Poison Vine. Poison Ivy. Including (R. tox-
codendron L.).
Thickets and low grounds, very common throughout the
State. Monongalia: abundant everywhere in the neighbor-
hood of streams. Webster: Buffalo Bull Mountains, alt.
2,100 ft. (Aftdlspaugh) ; Hacker Valley (H. H. Smith 1532).
Kanawha: Pocotaligo. Gilmer: near Glenville (Mapel).
Fayette: near Nuttallburg (Nuttall). Summers: near Hin-
ton. Mason: near Point Pleasant. Mercer: Princeton, near
Ingleside and Wills..

R. aromatica Ait. Fragrant Sumach. (R. canadensis Marsh.).

Dry or stony soils. Brooke: roadside between Wellsburg

and Bethany College (Mertz & Guttenberg). Hardy: near
Moorefield (Gamble).

COTINUS <Adans.

C. cottnorwes (Nutt.) Britton. (Rhus cotinoides Nutt.).
Established near Morgantown, Monongalia Co. (Sheldon.)
298 THE WEST VIRGINIA FLORA
BOUDIPOLIACE AE,
ILEX L.

I. opaca Ait. American Holly.

Moist woodlands. Marion: near Nuzums. Randolph:
near Rich Mountains and Laurel Hills. Kanawha: near
Charleston (Barnes). Fayette: near Hawk’s Nest, large
trees 8-12 inches in diameter (Porter; Holton) ; Nuttallburg,
in moist woods common (Nuttall). McDowell: near Elk-
horn. Upshur: near Newlin (H. H. Smith 1769); near
Buckhannon (Pollock).

I. MoONTICOLA Gray.

Damp woods. Randolph: near summit of Point Moun-
tain; Rich Mountain, near Lone Sugar Knob; Cheat Moun-
tain, near “The Battle Field.’ Kanawha: near Charleston
(James). Upshur: near Newlin (H. H. Smith 1762) ; near
Buckhannon (Pollock). Preston: near Aurora (Mr. & Mrs.
Steele). Randolph: dry banks of Tygarts Valley River near
Huttonsville (Greenman 137).

I. MoOLLiIs Gray.

Deep woods. Fayette: near Nuttallburg (Nuttall).

I. vERTICILLATA (L.) Gray. Black Alder. Wéinterberry.

Frequent in swampy places, throughout the central and
northern counties. Fayette: near Nuttallburg (Nuttall) ;
near Thurmond (Eggleston 5562). Preston: near Aurora
(Mr. & Mrs. Steele). Pocahontas: near Durbin (Greenman
136). Upshur: uear Buckhannon (Pollock).

ILICIOIDES Dumort.
I. mucronata (L.) Britton. (Vaccinium L., Nemopanthes fas-
cicularis Raf.)
Pendleton: summit of Spruce Knob; Preston: at Cranes-
ville ; Pocahontas : head of Greenbrier River (Brooks). Ran-
dolph: in Blister Swamp near Gandy Creek (Greenman 154).

CELASTRACEAE.
EUONYMUS L.

E. ATROPURPUREUS Jacq. Burning Bush.

Margins of woods and thickets. Jackson: near Sandy-
ville. Gilmer: near Glenville (Mfapel). Randolph: banks of
Tygarts River; near Huttonsville (Greenman 174). Fayette:
near Nuttallburg, rare (Nuttall).
WEST VIRGINIA GEOLOGICAL SURVEY 299

E. Amertcanus L. Strawberry Bush.

Rocky, wooded river banks. Fayette: along the Great
Kanawha River, below Gauley Bridge; near Nutallburg, com-
mon (Nuttall). Kanawha: near the Salinas (Holton).

E. opovatus Nutt. (&. Americanus var. obovatus T. & Gray).

Of this species Rev. A. Boutlou says: “In Marshall Co.,
at Board Tree, Cameron, Belton, etc., this is the most com-
mon form; while the trailing rooting form I have met almost
everywhere I have been in the State.’

PACHYSTIMA ‘Raf.

P. Canpyi A. Gray.
Credited to West Virginia in Britton & Brown, Ilustrated
Flora, vol. 2, p. 395. I have not seen the specimen authen-
ticating this reference.

©

CALASTRUS L.

C. scanpens L. Climbing Bitter-sweet. Wax-work.
Thickets, fence rows and along streams, frequent. Wood:
near Limestone Ridge. Monongalia and Marion: along the
Monongahela River. Fayette: near Nuttallburg (Nuttall).

STAPH YLEACEAE.
STAPHYLEA L.

S. trrFoLia L. Bladder-nut.

Rocky woods, thickets and opens. Wirt: near Elizabeth
Monongalia: near Morgantown and Stumptown. Gilmer:
near Glenville. Fayette: near Nuttallburg (Nuttall). Up-
shur: near Buckhannon (Pollock). Jefferson: at Harpers
Ferry (Greene).

ACERACEAE.
ACER L.

A. PENNSyLVANICcUM L. Striped Maple.

Rich, cool woods. Randolph: on Point Mountain; Staun-
ton Pike on Cheat Mountain. Webster: on Buffalo Bull
Mountain. Grant: near Bayard. Tucker: on Blackwater
Fork of Cheat. Fayette: near Nuttallburg (Nuttall) and
elsewhere in the mountains. McDowell: near Elkhorn.
Preston: near Aurora (Mr. & Mrs. Steele).

Although in most situations in the State this species is a
300

AE.

THE WEST VIRGINIA FLORA

mere shrub, yet near Welsh in Grant Co. it assumes the pro-
portions of a beautiful tree 20 to 4o ft. high with a strict
columnar trunk 5 to 8 inches in diameter (Millspawgh).
Greenbrier Co., on Kate’s Mountain, near White Sulphur
Springs, alt. 3,300 ft. (Small; Heller 827).

spicAtuM Lam. Mountain Maple.

Same localities as previous species, except Fayette, but
more plentiful where found. Greenbrier: near White Sul-
phur Springs. McDowell: near Elkhorn. Preston: near
Aurora (Mr. & Mrs. Steele). Pocahontas: (Pollock).

. SAccHARUM Marsh. Sugar Maple. (A. saccharinum, Wang.,

not L.).

Plentiful throughout the State, especially, however, in the
central counties. Randolph: Summit Point Mountain, alt.
3,700 ft. Webster: Buffalo Bull Range, alt. 27-3,600 ft. In
Randolph Co., near Pickens, the sugar maple grows to a
diameter of 2 to'4 ft., and a height of 50 to 7o ft. (Mills-
paugh).

NiIcRUM Michx. Black Sugar Maple.

With the preceding, and almost as plentiful.

SACCHARINUM L. White or Silver Maple. (A. dasycarpum,
Ehrh.).

Banks of Little Kanawha: Gauley River: Great Kanawha,
and Ohio. Fayette: near Nuttallburg (Nuttall) ; and else-
where frequent. Large trees 2 to 4 ft. in diameter in Ran-
dolph Co., near Pickens. At one station in Webster Co., on
Buffalo Bull Mountain, nearly every tree of this species is
of the Bird’s-eye type (Muillspaugh).

. RUBRUM L. Red or Swamp Maple.

Common throughout the State, where it grows upon the
hills and in the mountains, as well as in low places. Wood:
near the mouth of the Little Kanawha (Michaux).

. Necunpo L. Box Elder, Ash-leaved Maple.

Common near rivers throughout the northern and middle
counties. Lewis: along Leading Creek (Millspaugh, Pol-
lock). Gilmer: near Glenville (Mapel). Summers: near
Hinton. Berkeley: hear Martinsburg. Hardy: near Moore-
field (Gamble). Fayette: near Nuttallburg (Nuttall).
Wood: near the mouth of the Little Kanawha (Michaws)

SAPINDACEAE,

AESCULUS L.
GLABRA Willd. Ohio or Fetid Buckeye.
Low lands near streams. Wirt: along Straight Creek.
Gilmer: near Glenville (Brown). Along the Ohio River,
common. Monongalia: near Uffington.
WEST VIRGINIA GEOLOGICAL SURVEY 301

AE. OCTANDRA Marsh. Sweet Buckeye. (Ae. flava, Ait.).
Rich mountain woods. Webster: Buffalo Bull Mountains,
alt. 2,100 ft. Gilmer: near Glenville (Mapel). Lewis: near
Weston (H. H. Smith 1751). Wood: near the mouth of the
Little Kanawha (Michaux). Mercer: near Ingleside (ills-
paugh 1468). Summers: near Hinton. Kanawha: near
Charleston and Handley. Marion: near Worthington. An
immense tree of this species, measuring twenty feet in cir-
cumference at the ground, twelve feet at the height of one’s
shoulder, and nearly if not quite one hundred feet high,
stood by the bank of Dry Fork above Peeryville, McDowell
County (Morris). Randolph: along Tygarts Valley River
above Huttonsville (Greeninan 196).
Var, HyBripA (DC) Sarg. (var. purpurascens Gray)
Woodlands. Fayette: near Nuttallburg (Nuttall).
Ag. Pavia L.
Rich lands along streams. McDowell: along Tug Fork
near Elkhorn.

BALSAMINACEAE.

IMPATIENS L.

I. aurea, Muhl. Pale Touch-me-not. (1. pallida, Nutt.).
Rich soils near streamlets. Gilmer: near Glenville (Ma-
pel). Kanawha: near Charleston. Fayette: near Nuttall-
burg (Nuttall) ; and common throughout the State. Also
common in the deep, primitive forests along spring runs.
Randolph: on Rich and Cheat Mountains. Grant: near Bay-
ard. Tucker: along the Blackwater Fork of Cheat (Jfills-
paugh) ; vicinity of Parsons (Greenman 151). Hardy: near
Moorefield (Gamble). Preston: near Aurora (Mr. & Mrs.
Steele).
I. prrLora Walt. Spotted Touch-me-not. CI. fulva Nutt.)
Shady, moist places, more common than the preceding
species and generally seeking lower altitudes (Millspaugh)
Tucker: near Hendricks (Greenman 150).

RHAMNACEAE,
RHAMNUS L.

R. LANCEOLATA Pursh.
In moist soil. Hampshire: at Little Cacapon, rare
(Brooks).
R. ALniFotia L’Her.

In swampy places. Head of East Fork Greenbrier River
(Brooks).
302 THE WEST VIRGINIA FLORA

R. CaroLtiniana Walt.
McDowell: along Tug Fork of the Big Sandy River near
Elkhorn; at Welch, along the same stream.

CEANOTHUS L.

C. Americanus L. New Jersey Tea.

Dry open woods. Upshur: summit on Staunton Pike
(Millspaugh, Pollock). Jackson: Sandyville. Gilmer:
Glenville (Mapel). Fayette: near Nuttallburg (Nuttall).
Hady: near Moorefield.

VITACEAE,
VITIS L.

V. Lasrusca L. Northern 'Fox-grape.

Damp, rich thickets. Randolph: near Valley Head.
Gilmer: near Glenville (Mapel). Summers: near Hinton.

An immense specimen of this grape was found in Ran-
dolph Co., near Pickens; its trunk measured 22 inches in
diameter and its two main branches 8 inches each (Mills-
paugh).

V. AESTIVALIS Michx. Summer Grape.

Thickets. Wirt: along Straight Creek. Randolph: on
Point Mountain. Fayette: near Nuttallburg, common
(Nuttall). Summers: near Hinton.

V. cORDIFOLIA Michx. Frost Grape.

Thickets and banks of streams. Wirt: along Straight
Creek. Randolph: at Valley Head; along Point Mountain
Road. Fayette: near Nuttallburg, common (Nuttall). Sum-
mers: near Hinton. Kanawha: near Charleston.

V. VULPINA L.

Banks of streams. Randolph: near Valley Head; Point
Mountain Road. Summers: near Hinton. Jefferson: Shen-
andoah Je.

V. BircoLor LeConte. Winter Grape.

Rich woods, Webster: Hacker Valley (H. H. Smith
1592).

V.Rupestris Scheele, Sand Grape. Sugar Grape.

Rocky banks of New River in Fayette near Nutallburg,
plentiful (Nuttall).

V. rotuNpIFOLIA Michx. Muscadine. Southern Fox Grape.

Rich river banks. Randolph: near Valley Head. Fayette:
near Nuttallburg, rare, on mountain side climbing over
trees (Nuttall). Summers: near Hinton,
WEST VIRGINIA GEOLOGICAL SURVEY 303

AMPELOPSIS Michx.

(Cissus Pers.).

A. corpaTta Michx. (Vitis indivisa Willd.).
River banks. Ohio: near Wheeling (Mertz & Gutten-
berg). Summers: near Hinton.
A. TRICUSPIDATA Sieb. & Zucc.
aoe at Morgantown, Monongalia County (Shel-
don).
_PARTHENOCISSUS Planch.

P. QuINQUEFOLIA (L). Planch. Virginia Creeper. American
Ivy. (Ampelopsis quinquefolia Michx.).

Woods and thickets. Gilmer: near Glenville (Mapel).
Fayette: near Nuttallburg (Nuttall). Webster: at Hacker
Valley (H. H. Smith 1591). Randolph: along Tygarts Val-
ley River near Huttonsville (Greenman 163); amd common
throughout the State.

TILIACEAE.

TILIA L.

T. Amertcana L. Linden. Basswood.

Rich woods. Gilmer: at DeKalb P. O. Randolph: on
Point Mountain. Grant: near Bayard. Monongalia: near
Morgantown, Uffington and Little Falls. Mason: near Point
Pleasant. McDowell: near Elkhorn. Large growths of this
species found at Pickens, Randolph Co., with trunk diame-
ters of 26 to 38 inches, and height 60 to 100 feet (Mills-
paugh). Fayette: near Nuttallburg (Nuttall).

T. HETEROPHYLLA Vent. White Basswood. Lin.”

Deep woods. Jefferson: near Charlestown, near Flowing
Spring Mill. One specimen cut at Nuttallburg, Fayette
County, had a diameter of 26 inches (Muillspaugh; Nuttall).
Pocahontas: valley of the East Fork of Greenbrier River
(Greenman 194).

T. Micuauxi Nutt.

Deep woods, Randolph: near Pickens (H. H. Smith 1288,

1342). Upshur: near Buckhannon (Pollock),

MALVACEAE,

ALTHAEA L.

A. ROSEA Cav. Hollyhock.
Appears annually along the B. & O. R. R. tracks in
Berkeley: near North Mountain, apparently a thorough
establishment.
304 THE WEST VIRGINIA FLORA

MALVA L.

M. rorunpirotia L. Common Mallow.
Cultivated grounds and waysides, a common weed.
M. moscHata L. Muck Mallow.

Roadsides and meadows escaped from cultivation. Lewis:
along Stone Coal Creek. Upshur: near Lorentz. Monon-
galia: near Morgantown. Randolph: near Pickens (H. H.
Smith 1540, 1541). Kanawha: at the Salinas (Holton).

SIDA L.
S. spinosa L.

Waste grounds and fields. Monongalia: near Morgan-
town, common. Fayette: near Nuttallburg (Nuttall) ; near
Guyandot (Holton). Jefferson: near Shepherdstown. Ma-
son: near Point Pleasant.

S. HERMAPHRODITA (L.) Rusby (S. Napaea Cav.).

Rocky banks along the Great Kanawha River. Kanawha:
opposite Cannelton. Fayette: Quinnimont; near Nuttall-
burg, frequent and always with 8 carpels (Nuttall). Mason:
near Point Pleasant.

ABUTILON Gaertn.

A. Azsutiton (L.) Rusby. Indian Mallow. American Jute.
(A. avicennae Gaertn.).

A too common weed in waste and cultivated soils. Mon-
ongalia, Wood, Wirt, Calhoun; Mason: near Point Pleas-
ant; near Brighton. Tayette: near Nuttallburg (Nuttall).
Berkeley: near Martinsburg, a very bad weed.

HIBISCUS L.
H. Moscueutos L. Swamp Rose Mallow.

Brackish, marshy places, and ditches near salt works.
Mason: near Point Pleasant. Kanawha: near Charleston.
Fayette: near Nuttallburg (Nuttall). The pink form, Jack-
son: near Sandyville. Hardy: near Moorefield.

H. Trionum L. Bladder Ketmia.

Cultivated grounds. Monongalia: a weed in the Station

experimental plats.

HYPERICACEAE.

ASCYRUM L.

A. HypEricomEs L. St. Andrew’s Cross. (A. Crua-Andreae L.).
Dry sandy places. Upshur: summit of Staunton Pike.
Randolph: Rich Mountains; along Tygart’s Valley River.
Fayette: near Gauley Bridge: near Nuttallburg (Nuttall).
Cabell: near Barboursville (James).
WEST VIRGINIA GEOLOGICAL SURVEY 305
HYPERICUM L.

- PROLIFICUM L.

Glade regions. Webster: Upper Glade. Preston: neai
Reedsville. Gilmer: near Glenville (Jfapel). Fayette: near
Kanawha Falls (James) ; near Nuttallburg (Nuttall).

- DENSIFLORUM Pursh. Shrubby St. John’s Wort.

Glade regions and moist meadows. Wood: near Lock-
hart’s Run. Webster: in the glades. Preston: Terra Alta,
and Reedsville glades. Fayette: near Nuttallburg (Nuttall).
Preston: near Aurora (Mr. & Ars. Steele). Pocahontas:
near Durbin (Greenman 316).

. VIRGATUM ACUTIFOLIUM Coulter.
Fayette: near Hawk’s Nest (Porter); near Nuttallburg
(Nuttall).

. PERFORATUM L. St. John’s Wort. “St. John.”

Fields and roadsides. Randolph: along Tygart’s Valley
River. Monongalia, Marion, Preston, Grant: near Bayard.
Fayette: near Nuttallburg (Nuttall). Not vet very plentiful
in the State.

. MACULATUM \\Valt. Spotted St. John’s Wort.

Glade regions and wet places. Wood: near Kanawha
Station, Wirt: near Elizabeth. Preston: near Reedsville
and Terra Alta (Millspaugh); near Aurora (Afr. & Mrs.
Stecle). \\Vebster: Upper, Long, and Welsh Glades. Fay-
ette: near Hawk’s Nest and Kanawha Falls (James) ; near
Nuttallburg (Vutiall).

. MUTILUM L.
Ditches and low grounds, common throughout the State
. CANADENSE L. Canadian St. John’s Wort.

Glade regions of Preston and Webster Counties (Mills-
paugh). Preston: near Aurora (Mr. & Mrs. Steele). Fay-
ette; near Nuttallburg, in spahgnum bogs (Nuttall).

. ADPRESSUM Barton.
Moist grounds. Greenbrier: near White Sulphur Springs.
. PUNCTATUM Lam.

Nicholas: near Richwood; and Webster: at Hacker Valley

(Ht. H. Smith 1747, 1560).

. ELLIPTICUM Hook.

In spagnum glades. Preston: near Terra Alta.
. GYMNANTHUM Engel. & Gray.

Low moist places. Pocahontas: valley of the East Fork
of Greenbrier River (Greenman 418).
306 THE WEST VIRGINIA FLORA

SAROTHRA L.
S. GENTIANOIDES L. Orange Grass. (Hypericum Sarothra
Michx.).
Dry fields. Monongalia: near The Flats. Wood: near
Kanawha Station. Fayette: near Kanawha Falls (James).

TRIADENUM Raf.

T. Vircinicum (L.) Raf. (Hypericum Virginicum L.).
Swampy glades. Fayette: near Nuttallburg (Nuttall).

CISTACEAE.

HELIANTHEMUM Pers.

H. majus (L.) B.S. P. Frost-weed.
Dry soils. Preston: near Terra Alta.

LECHEA L.
L. minor L, Pin-weed. L. major Michx.
Dry places. Summers: near Hinton. Fayette: near Nutt-
allburg, alt. 1,600 ft. (Nuttall).
L. Leccertit Britt. & Hollick. L. minor Lam.
Dry sandy places. Fayette: near Nuttallburg, plentiful at
an alt. of 2,000 ft. (Nuttall).

VIOLACEAE.,

VIOLA L.

V. pepata L. Bird’s-foot Violet.

Sandy soils. Monongalia: at The Flats. Mineral: along
the Potomac near Keyser (/Vorkiman). Randolph: on Point
Mountain. Greenbrier Co., on Kate’s Mountain, alt. 3,300
ft., near White Sulphur Springs (Small; Eggleston 4350,
4354; Heller 807). Mercer Co., near Bluefield. MacDowell
Co., at Fletcher’s (Millspaugh).

Var. wicotor Pursh. Pansy Violet.

Hardy: near Moorefield (Gamble). Hampshire: near
Romney (Hopkins). Greenbrier Co., on Kate’s Mountain,
alt. 3,300 ft. (Sizall).

V. PALMATA L.

Near runs in moist ground. Monongalia: near The Flats,
Morgantown. Gilmer: near Glenville (Mapel). Fayette:
near Nuttallburg (Nuttall). Ohio: near Wheeling (Rich-
ardson).

V. cucutiata Ait. Common Blue Violet.

Low grounds; common throughout the State. Upshur:

near Buckhannon (Pollock).
WEST VIRGINIA GEOLOGICAL SURVEY 307

. AFFINIS LeConte.

About a spring near Kegley, Mercer County, alt. 2,090 ft.,
July 21, 1900 (Aforris 1046).

. PAPILIONACEA Pursh.

On Great Bend, Tunnel Mountain, Summers County, alt.
1,700 ft., July 14, 1900 (Morris 1023); along Horsepen
Creek, McDowell County, alt. 1,900 ft., July 30, 1900 (Mor-
ris T104).

. SAGITTATA Ait. Arrow Leaved Violet.

Dry or moist, sandy places. Monongalia: near Morgan-
town, Uffington and Little Falls. Preston: near Cold Spring.
Gilmer: near Glenville (Mapel). Fayette: near Nuttallburg
(Nuttal).

. BLANDA Willd. Sweet White Violet.

Damp woods. Monongalia: near Morganton. Gilmer:
near Glenville (Mapel). Upshur: (Pollock). Fayette: near
Nuttallburg (Nuttall), and frequent throughout the State.
McDowell: near Elkhorn.

. ALSOPHILA Greene. (V. amoena LeConte).
McDowell: along Horsepen Creek, alt. 1,850 ft. (Morris
IIOI, II0Q).

. PRIMULAEFOLIA L.
Damp soils. Fayette: near Nuttallburg (Nuttall). Mec-
Dowell: near Elkhorn.
SORORIA Willd.
In woodlands. Monongalia: near Morgantown (Sheldon).
. HIRSUTULA Brainerd. : (V. villosa Auth.).

Dry situations. Monongalia: near Dellslow; and Fayette:
near Ronceverte (Sheldon 207, 1005).

. FIMBRIATULA J. E. Smith.

Sandy soil near Bretz and other locations in Preston
County; also in Monongalia County (Sheldon 4110).

. LANCEOLATA L. Lance-leaved Violet.

Boggy places. Monongalia: up Falling Run, above Mor-
gantown, the only station so far known to me.
. ROTUNDIFOLIA Michx. Round-leaved Violet.

Cold woods. Randolph: Rich Mountains, alt. 2,110 ft.
Gilmer: near Glenville (Afapel). Fayette: near Nuttallburg
(Nuttall). Mercer: near Ingleside and Wills.

. PUBESCENS Ait. Yellow Violet.

Rich woods. Mineral: neat Kevser (Workman). Ran-
dolph: Rich Mountains, alt. 2,125 ft. Grant: near Bayard.
Tucker: along Blackwater Fork of Cheat. Gilmer: near
Glenville (Mapel). Fayette: near Nuttallburg (Nutall).
Monongalia: near Cassville. Upshur: near Buckhannon
(Pollock).
308
Vv.

V.

THE WEST VIRGINIA FLORA

SCABRIUSCULA (T. & G.) Schwein.

Rich woods. Monongalia: near Morgantown, common.
Fayette: near Nuttallburg (Nuttall).
HASTATA Michx.

Woodlands. Fayette: near Nuttallburg (Nuttall). Up-
shur: near Buckhannon (Pollock). Mercer: oak woods,
near Bluefield. McDowell: near Elkhorn.

. TRILOBA Schwein.

Dry woodlands. Upshur: near Buckhannon (Pollock).
Monongalia: near Morgantown (Sheldon).

. CONSPERSA Reichb. (V. Muhlenbergti, Labradorica Auth.).

Low shaded places, Upshur: near Buckhannon (Pollock).

. Canavensis L. Canada Violet.

Rich woods. Monongalia: magnificent specimens in great
profusion along the woods bordering the F. M.& P. R.R.,
between Beechwoods and Little Falls; near Uffington.
Marion: near Opekiska and Catawba. Gilmer: near Glen-
ville (Mapel). Fayette: near Nuttallburg (Nuttall). Mc-
Dowell: near Elkhorn. Upshur: near Buckhannon (Pol-
lock).

. STRIATA Ait. Pale Violet.

Along runs. Monongalia: the most common species.
Fayette: near Nuttallburg (Nuttall). Hardy: near Moore-
field (Gamble). McDowell: near Elkhorn. Upshur: near
Buckhannon (Pollock).

. Lapraporica Schrank. Viola canina var. Muhlenbergti, Traut.

Fayette County, at foot of cliff at Nuttallburg (Nuttall).

. ROSTRATA Pers. Long-spurred Violet.

Hillside. Fayette: near Nuttallburg (Nuttall). Green-
brier: near White Sulphur Springs (Eggleston 4366). Up-
shur: near Buckhannon (Pollock).

. RAFINESQUEI Greene. Field Pansy. (V. tenella Muhl. not

Poir.).
Greenbrier: near White Sulphur Springs (Eggleston
4365). Monongalia: near Morgantown (Sheldon 200).
Fields and rocky opens. Monongalia, common. Mineral:

near Keyser (Workman). Fayette: near Nuttallburg (Nutt-
all).

. AFFINIS X CUCULLATA Brainerd.

Tucker: near Parsons in “The Sluice” and along the bot-
tom of the creek. (Greenman 301, 303, 304, 305, 3060).

“These five sheets, Nos. 301, 303-6, collected at the same
time and apparently at stations not far apart, are I believe V.
affinis x cuculala and its offspring; see Rhod. 8:49. March,
1806. The hybrid has since been found in several other sta-
tions.

The long auricles are found characteristic of V. cucul-
WEST VIRGINIA GEOLOGICAL SURVEY 309

lata; but when pure it never has purplish or purple-dotted
capsules. The green-capsuled plants seem to be seedlings
with the recessive character in color of capsule. The black
seeds are nearly those of lV’. cucullata, black being dominant
over buff—the color of the seeds of V. affinis.. (In my cul-
tures of this hybrid the recessive buff re-appears in some of
the offspring. See Science 25 :940-944. June 14, 1907.)

In No. 305 (but not in 306) the short auricles of V. affinis
appear with the green capsules of V. cucullata.”—Ezra
Brainerd.

CUBELIUM Raf.

. CONCOLOR (Forst.) Raf. Green Violet. (Solea concolor Ging.).
Rich woods. Wirt: near Burning Springs. Calhoun:
along Laurel Run. Gilmer: near Glenville (Mapel).

PASSIFLORACEAE,

PASSIFLORA L.

. LuTEA L. . Yellow Passion-flower.
Hillsides. Fayette: near Nuttallburg (Nuttall). Preston:
near Aurora (Mr. & Airs. Steele).
. INCARNATA L, Passion-flower.
Dry soil. Gilmer: near Glenville (Mapel).

CACTACEAE.

OPUNTIA Mill.

. Opuntia (L.) Coulter. Prickly Pear.  (O. vulgaris Mill.).

Open fields and among scrub pines in the Devenian forma-
tions of Hardy: near Moorefield, where it is a prevalent
weed in many places.

THYMELEACESA.

DIRCA L.
. PALUSTRIS L. Leatherwood.

Damp woods. Jackson: near Ripley. Wirt: near Eliza-
beth. Calhoun: near White Pine and Brookville. Green-
brier: White Sulphur Springs. Fayette: near Nuttallburg
(Nuttall). é

LYTHRACEAE.
ROTALA Linn.

. RAMosIoR (L.) Koehne.
Wet places. Kanawha: at the Salinas (Holton).
310 THE WEST VIRGINIA FLORA

PARSONSIA P. Br. (1756).
(Cuphea P. Br. 1756).

P. pETIOLATA (L.) Rusby. “Tar-weed.” (C. viscosissima Jacq.)
Dry soils, and fields. Monongalia, Marion, Wood, Wirt,
Calhoun, Gilmer, Lewis, Upshur and Randolph. Fayette:
near Gauley Bridge; near Nuttallburg (Nuttall); near
Hawk’s Nest (James). Greenbrier: near White Sulphur
Springs. Summers: near Hinton. Monroe: near Alderson.
Berkeley: near Martinsburg, and elsewhere. Preston: near
Aurora (Mr. & Mrs. Steele). Kanawha: along the Kanawha
River near Cabin Shoals (Holton).

MELASTOMACEAE.
RHEXIA L.

R. Vireinica L. Meadow Beauty.

Moist, sandy meadows, and river shores. Monongalia:
near Camp Eden; Little Falls. Wood: near Lockhart’s Run.
Wirt: near Burning Springs. Upshur: near Lorentz. Ran-
dolph: along Tygart’s Valley River. Berkeley: near Mar-
tinsburg. Putnam: near Buffalo. Webster: Hacker Valley
CH. H. Smith 1533). Kanawha: at the Salinas (Holton).

ONAGRACEAE.
ISNARDIA L.

I. paLustris L.
Sandy soil. Fayette: in a Sand bar in New River near
Nuttallbure (Nuttall). Kanawha: near the Salinas (Hol-
ton).

LUDWIGIA L.

L. ALTERNIFOLIA L. Seed-box.

Wet banks. Wood: near Lockhart’s Run. Monongalia:
along Cheat River near Camp Eden. Fayette: near Kanawha
Falls (James) ; near Nuttallburg (Nuttall). Kanawha: near
the Salinas (Holton).

L. LINEARFOLIA Britt.

With or near the species. Wood: near Lockhart’s Run.
Fayette: near Nuttallburg (Nuttall).

Described by Prof. Britton in “Bull. Torrey Club,” Dec.,
1890, as follows:
WEST VIRGINIA GEOLOGICAL SURVEY 311

“Two or three feet high, divergently branched, the
branches ascending. Leaves linear, elongated, 2-4-in. long,
114-4-lines wide, acute; flowers solitary in the axils of the
upper leaves or bracts, yellow; sepals ovate-lanceolate acute,
narrower than those of L. alternifolia; branches and both
sides of the leaves somewhat pubesent. Petals apparently
remaining on the plant longer than those of L. alternifolia,
which, as Dr. Millspaugh observes, commonly fall away when
the plant is shocked.”

“Appearing very distinct from typical L. alternifolia, but
presumably but a variety of it. From the description it may
be the Rhexia lincarifolia, Poir, in Lam. Encycl. vi. 2, said
to come from Carolina.”

CHAMAENERION Adans.

C. ancustiroLium (L.) Scop. Fire-weed. (Epilobium spicatum
Lam.).
In new clearings. Mineral: Grant: and Tucker: along the
W. Va. Cent. R. R. Randolph: summit of Point Mountain,
alt. 3,700 ft. Cheat Mountain, alt. 27-3,600 ft.; near Pickens
(H. H. Smith 1396; 1454). Preston: near Aurora (Mr. &
Mrs. Steele). Pendleton: on Spruce Knob (Greenman 173).
Hardy: near Moorefield (Gamble).

EPILOBIUM L.

E. cocoratum Muhl. Willow-herb.

Ditches, and wet rocks. Greenbrier: near White Sulphur
Springs. Fayette: near Nuttallburg (Nuttall). Preston:
near Aurora (Afr. & Mrs. Steele). Mason: near Pt. Pleas-
ant; and frequent throughout the State.

E, LINEARE Muhl.

In swamps, Preston: near Aurora (Mr. & Mrs. Steele).

Pocahontas: in Cranberry Glades (Sheldon 3848).
E. apENocAULON Haussk.

Wet places. Randolph: in Blister Swamp near Gandy

Creek (Greenman 427).

ONAGRA Adans.

O. srennis (L.) Scop. Evening Primrose. (Oenothera biennis L).
Frequent or common, throughout the State.
Var. GRANDIFLoRA (Ait.) Lindl.
Frequent. Randolph: Cricard, P. O.; Point Mountain.
Wood: near Kanawha Station. Preston: near Tunneliton;
near Terra Alta (Millspaugh) ; near Aurora (Mr. & Mrs.
312 THE WEST VIRGINIA FLORA

Steele). Webster: at Hacker Valley (H. H. Smith 1571).

Greenbrier: near White Sulphur Springs. Hardy: nea:

White Sulphur Springs. Hardy: near Moorefield (Gamble).
O. ARGILLICOLA. Mackenzie, Torreya 4:56. 1904).

Biennial, with numerous stems ascending from the same
root, 5-15 dm. hgh. Stems puberulent, but otherwise with-
out pubescence; leaves of the stemless plant of the first year
rosulate, 6-15 cm. long, the blades oblanceolate, 15 mm. or less
wide, sinuate, acute, puberulent on both sides, the mid-nerve
strongly developed, tapering at the base to a long, rather
narrowly winged petiole; cauline leaves of the flowering
plants of the second year, with narrowly linear-lanceolate
blades, the well-developed ones 6-8 cm. long, 7 mm. or less
wide, remotely sinuate-dentate, acute, glabrous or slightly
puberulent, tapering to a petiole-like base and often strongly
decurrent on the stem, forming well-developed ridges; calyx-
tube 3-4 cm. long and longer than the sepals, perfectly gla-
brous, as also are the sepals, the tips of the latter free,
spreading, often 3-4 cm. long; petals bright yellow, obcordate,
crenulate, 3-4 cm. long, so that the open flower is often 6-8
em. across; capsules perfectly glabrous, 2-3 cm. long, sessile,
gradually tapering upward from the broad base and often
strongly curved, somewhat quadrangular, strongly ribbed;
seeds angled, 1-1.5 mm. long.

Open sunny clay banks and along rivers, in loose, rocky
soil. Greenbrier: near White Sulphur Springs, August 27,
1903 (Mackenzie 373).

KNEIFFIA Spach.

K. pumita (L.) Spach. (Oenothera pumila L.).
Dry fields, frequent throughout the State, especially in the
northern section. Hardy: near Moorefield (Gamble). Ran-
dolph: near Pickens (H. H. Smith 1387).
K. Fruticosa (L.) Raim. Sun-drops. “Wild Beet.” (Oenothera
fruticosa L.).

Common in most soils, and in cultivated fields as a weed.
Summers: near Talcott and Lowell. Marion: near Worth-
ington. Gilmer: near Glenville (A/apel). Fayette: near
Nuttallburg (Nuttall).

K. FRUTICOSA DIFFERTA (Millsp. Prel. Cat. Fl. W. Va., 366( 1892).

Damp meadows, Wood County, near Lockhart’s Run, the
most common form.

Stems 1 to 2 ft. high, nearly smooth, branching diffusely
from every axil. Flowers profuse, large. Lower leaves
ovate. Capsules narrowly winged, very short; apical inflores-
cence strongly cymose.
WEST VIRGINIA GEOLOGICAL SURVEY 313

K. LinEARIS (Michx.) Spach. (Oenothera linearis Michx.).

Damp places. Wood: near Kanawha Station. Wirt: near

Elizabeth. Calhoun: near Grantsville. Gilmer: near Glen-
ville (Mapel). Upshur: near Buckhannon.

K. LONGIPEDICELLATA Small, Bull. Torr. Club, 23:178. (1896).

Annual, slender, bright green, more or less puberulent.
Stem erect or assurgent, 4-7dm. tall, red, slender, simple or
sparingly branched above; basal leaves spatulate or obovate-
spatulate, 4-cm. long; stem leaves few, linear-lanceolate,
3-9cm. long, obtuse or acutish, entire, often somewhat undu-
late, narrowed into a short petiole; flowers yellow, subtended
by leaf-like bracts in terminal racemes which are sometimes
corymbosely arranged; caylx hirsute, its tube slender, 1-1.5
cm. long, its segments linear, longer than the tube, the tips
free in the bud; petals obovate, 2cm. long, many-nerved,
emarginate, stamens less than one-half as long as the petals;
styles slender, two-thirds as long as the petals; capsule
narrowly obovoid, tcm. long, its angles winged, its faces
ridged, on pedicels longer than the body; seeds irregularly
oblong, .8mm. long, brown, minutely papillose.

Between K. subglobosa and K. linearis. It differs from
the former in its sparsely leafy, usually nearly simple stem,
the hirsute calyx, the larger flowers and the narrowly ob-
ovoid capsules. It can easily be separated from K. linearis by
its pedicel, which exceeds the body of the capsule.

Moist places. Webster: at Long Glade (Millspaugh 579,

July 1890).

GAURA L.
G. BIENNIS, L.

Dry banks. Webster: near Taylor. Greenbrier: near
White Sulphur Springs. Fayette: near Nuttallburg (Nutt-
all). Harrison: near Lumberport. Berkeley: near Martins-
burg. Hardy: near Moorefield (Gamble).

CIRCAEA L.

C. Luretiana L. Enchanter’s Nightshade.

Low grounds, and wet woods. Lewis: up Stone Coal
Creek. Gilmer: near Glenville (Brown). Fayette: near
Nuttallburg (Nuttall). Webster: on Tater Knob (H. H.
Smith 1478). Preston: near Aurora (Mr. & Mrs. Steele).

C. acprna L,

Deep, rich woods. Randolph, Grant, Tucker and Pendle-
ton: prevalent in the Alleghanies. Gilmer: near Glenville
(Mapel). Monongalia: along Cheat River, above Camp
Eden. Preston: near Aurora (Mr. & Mrs. Steele).
314

THE WEST VIRGINIA FLORA
ARALIACEAE.
ARALIA L.

. SPINOSA L. Angelica Tree. Hercules’ Club

Rich Mountain woods. Webster: Buffalo Bull Mt. alt.
2,595 ft., plentiful (Millspaugh); Hacker Valley (H. H.
Smith 1584). Preston: near Rowlesburg. Summers: along
the Greenbrier River; near Hinton. Fayette: near Nuttall-
burg (Nuttall); at Gauley Bridge, abundant. Randolph:
near Whitman (Greenman 160). Monongalia: near Mor-
gantown.

. RACEMOSA L. Spikenard.

Deep, cold woods, frequent in the Alleghanies. Randolph:
Cheat Mountains, alt. 3,350 ft.; Point Mountain, alt. 3,560
ft. Hampshire: Ice Mountain. Tucker: near Falls of Black-
water. Gilmer: near Glenville (Mapel). Greenbrier: near
White Sulphur Springs. Fayette: near Nuttallburg
(Nuttall). Summers: near Hinton. Preston: near Aurora
(Mr. & Mrs. Steele).

. NupIcauLis L. Wild Sarsaparilla.

Rich woods, frequent. Monongalia: the Flats, Rich
Woods, and along the Monongahela. Marion: near Ope-
kiska. Randolph: on Point Mountain. Grant: near Bayard.

. HISPIDA Vent.

Rocky soils. Tucker: near Davis, along Blackwater Fork
of Cheat.

PANAX L.

. QUINQUEFOLIUM L. Ginseng. “Sang.”

Rich, deep woods. Wirt: near Burning Springs. Jack-
son: near Ripley. Gilmer: near Glenville (Mapel). Grant:
near Bayard. Randolph: Rich, Cheat and Point Mountains.
(One store at Crickard P. O. buys from this neighborhood
$1,500 worth annually of the mountaineers.) Webster: Buf-
falo Bull range. Fayette: near Nuttallburg (Nuttall).
Summers: near Hinton. Preston: near Aurora (Mr. &
‘Mrs. Steele).

. TRIFOLIUM L. (Aralia trifolia Decn.).

Moist woods. Upshur: near Buckhannon (Pollock), and
near Newlon (A. B. Brooks).
WEST VIRGINIA GEOLOGICAL SURVEY 315

APIACEAE.
(Uimbelliferae.)

DAUCUS L.

D. Carora L. Wild Carrot. “Devil’s Plague.”

Fields, meadows, and roadsides. Lewis, Randolph, Mon-
ongalia, Marion, Berkeley, Morgan, Mineral, Preston, Grant,
and Kanawha counties. Gilmer: near Glenville (Mapel).
Fayette: near Nuttallburg. Jefferson: near Shenandoah
Junction; near Charlestown; and Summit Point. Green-
brier: near Caldwell and White Sulphur Springs. Sum-
mers: near Greenbrier Stock Yards, and Hinton. Mason:
near Point Pleasant. Mercer: near Ingleside; and reported
from every county in the State.

Forma rosea. Millsp. Prel. Cat. Fl. W. Va., 369.

With rose colored flowers, a frequent form in Monon-

galia: near Morgantown; and along the Kingwood Pike.

ANGELICA L.

A. Curtisi1 Buckley.

Sandy river banks. Monongalia: near Camp Eden.
Preston: near Reedsville. Grant: near Bayard. Green-
brier: near White Sulphur Springs.

A. vILLosa (Walt.) B.S.P. Hairy Angelica. (A. hirsuta, Muhl.)

Frequent in dry woods and glady meadows. Webster:
Long and Welsh Glades. Jackson: near Sandyville. Tucker:
near Davis. Fayette: near Nuttallburg (Nuttall). Monon-
galia: near Camp Eden. Preston: near Terra Alta. Ran-
dolph: on Point Mountain, alt. 2,540 ft. Hardy: near
Moorefield (Gamble). Preston: near Aurora (Mr. & Mrs.
Steele).

A. ATROPURPUREA L. Purplish Angelica. (Archangelica atropur-
purea, Hoffm.).

Low grounds and river banks. Grant: near Bayard.
Preston: near Terra Alta. Tucker: near Davis. Fayette:
near Kanawha falls (James).

OXYPOLIS Raf. (1825).
(Tiedemannia DC. 1829.)

O. rierpior (L.) C.& R. (O. rigidus Raf.)
Swampy spots. Randolph: along Shaver’s Fork of Cheat.
Fayette: near Nuttallburg (Nuttall). Preston: near Terra
Alta (Millspaugh); near Aurora (Mr. & Mrs. Steele).
Pocahontas: in Cranberry Glades (Sheldon 3821).
316

THE WEST VIRGINIA FLORA

PSEUDOTAENIDIA Mackenzie.

Glabrous and glaucous erect perennials from stout hori-
zontal to perpendicular rootstocks. Leaves ternately de-
compound, the leaflets entire. Umbels borne on terminai
and lateral peduncles, compound, the rays very unequal in
length. Involucre and involucels none or rarely of one or
two bractlets. Corolla not seen.* Calyx-teeth short, but
evident. Fruit thick, strongly flattened dorsally, oval or
obovate, glabrous. Dorsal and intermediate ribs of carpel
filiform and very much narrower than the intervals, coming
together at base and apex to form short prominent ridges;
lateral ribs thick, broadly winged and contiguous to those
of the other carpel so as to form a broad one-edged margin
around the fruit, nerved dorsally at the inner margin and
also near the outer margin. Oil-tubes solitary in the inter-
vals or often two in the intervals nearest the lateral ribs;
two entirely developed and two partially developed on the
commissural side. Top of fruit thickened by the converging
ribs, but stylopodium absent or much depressed. Seed-face
plane, the back rounded.

P. montana Mackenzie, Torreya 3:159 (1903).

Plant 4-8 dm. high, entirely glabrous; stems striate;
leaves several, the blades two or three times ternately com-
pound; the segments entire, ovate or obiong-lanceolate, oval
or oblanceolate, glaucous and strongly veined beneath, ses-
sile or stalked, 10-30 mm. long, 6-20 mm. wide, mucronate,
often inequilateral at base; petioles dilated at base, striate
and clasping the stem; peduncles 6-20 cm. Jong; rays of
umbels 8-12, 1-5 cm. long; rays of umbellets usually slightly
more numerous, 3-7 mm. long; fruit 5-6 mm. long, 4 mm.
wide, the lateral ribs 1 mm. wide.

The plant exactly résembles Taenidia integerrima (L.)
Drude in everything except the fruit.

In dry open woods, in a clayey soil intermixed with loose
rocks. Greenbrier: side of Kate’s Mountain, August 29,
1903 (Mackenzie).

SIUM Linn.

S. CICUTAEFOLIUM Gmel.

In swampy places. Randolph: on Tygart Valley River

near Huttonville (Greenman 434).
{

*Almost certainly yellow.
WEST VIRGINIA GEOLOGICAL SURVEY 317
HARPERELLA Rose.

H. vivipara Rose.
Wet bottomlands. Jefferson: near Harper’s Ferry( Aiken).

HERACLEUM L.

H. vranatum Michx. Cow Parsnip.

Wet grounds. Lewis: along Leading Creek. Upshur:
near Lorenz. Randolph: along Tygart’s Valley River.
Webster: Welch Glade.

IMPERATORIA Linn.

I. OstrutHium Linn.

Established in field and along a road at McClure, Webster
County (H. AH. Smith 1558).

PASTINACA L.

P. sativa L. Wild Parsnip.

Waste grounds and cultivated fields. Randolph: Cheat
Mountains, alt. 3,350 ft. Jefferson: near Shenandoah Je.
Greenbrier: near White Sulphur Springs. Mineral: oppo-
site Cumberland. Morgan: near Hancock. Wood: near
Kanawha Station. Mason: near Point Pleasant. Hardy:
near Moorefield (Gamble).

THASPIUM Nuttall.

T. TRIFOLIATUM (L.) Britton.

Mountain woodlands. Hardy: near Moorefield (Gamble).
T. TRIFOLIATUM AUREUM (Nutt.) Britton. Meadow Parsnip.

Thickets and meadows. Frequent throughout the State.
T. BARBINODE (Michx.) Nutt.

Greenbrier: near White Sulphur Springs (Eggleston

4347). ;
Rich woods. Mercer: plentiful near Bluestone Jc. Tay-

lor: near Grafton (Pollock).
LIGUSTICUM L.

L. CANADENSE (L.) Britton.

Rich soil. Grant: near Bayard, plentiful along the Black-
water Fork of Cheat River.
318 THE WEST VIRGINIA FLORA
ERYNGIUM L.

E. aguaticum L. Rattle-snake Master. (E. yuccaefolium
Michx.).
Swampy places. Webster: at Welch Glade.

SANICULA L.

S. MariLanpica L. Black Snake-root.

Rich woods. Monongalia: near Morgantown. Preston:
near Terra Alta (Millspaugh); near Cranberry Summit
(Mertz 995); near Aurora (Mr. & Mrs. Steele). Fayette:
near Nuttallburg (Nuttall).

S. Canapensis L,

Rich soil. Monongalia: near Little Falls. Marion: near

Opekiska. Fayette: near Nuttallburg (Nuttall).
S. TRIFOLIATA Bicknell.

Along Madam Creek opposite Hinton, Summers County,
alt. 1,500 ft., July 9, 1900 (Morris 961). Monongalia: near
Marilla (Sheldon 1632).

S. GREGARIA Bicknell.
Woods and thickets. Summers: near Hinton (Eggleston

5507).
TAENIDIA Drude.

T. INTEGERRIMA (L.) Drude. (Pimpinella integerrima L.).
Rocky hillsides. Lewis: along Stone Coal Creek, and
Randolph: on Point Mountain (Millspaugh). Preston: near
Aurora (Mr. & Mrs. Steele). Upshur: near Buckhannon
(Pollock). Monongalia: near Seneca (Sheldon 3574).

CHAEROPHYLLUM L.

C. procuMBENS (L.) Crantz.
Ohio: Elm Grove, near Wheeling (Mertz & Guttenberg).

WASHINGTONIA Raf. (1818).
(Osmorrhisa Raf. 1818).

W. Craytoni (Michx.) Britton. (O. brevistylis DC.).
Rich woods. Wirt: above Elizabeth. Gilmer: near Glen-
ville (Mapel; Brown). Monongalia: opposite Roundbot-
toms. Grant: near Bayard. Fayette: near Nuttallburg
(Nuttall). Ohio: near Wheeling (Mertz 1042). Upshur:
near Buckhannon (Pollock).
WEST VIRGINIA GEOLOGICAL SURVEY 319

W. LonaistyLis (Torr.) Britton,

Rich woods. Monongalia: near Morgantown. Marion:
near Fairmont. Tucker: near Davis. Wirt: above Elizabeth.

ZIZIA Koch.

. CORDATA (Walt.) DC.

River banks. Fayette: near Nuttallburg (Nuttall).
. Greenbrier: near White Sulphur Springs (Eggleston 4345).
. AUREA (L.) Koch.

Damp places. Monongalia: The Flats, and along the
Monongahela. Marion: near Opekiska. Fayette: near Nutt-
allburg (Nuttall).

. Bepsir (C. & R.) Britton. (Z. aurea, var. Bebbii C. & R.).

Woodlands. Fayette: near Nuttallburg (Nuttall).

Of specimens gathered in Mason, near Pt. Pleasant, Prof.
Coulter says: “Flowers too white, and altogether it does
not quite fit, and is indeterminable on account of the imma-
ture fruit.” Greenbrier Co., on Kate’s Mountain, alt. 3,300
ft. (Small; Heller 841).

CICUTA. 1c.

. MACULATA L. Spotted Cow-bane. Beaver Poison.

Swampy spots, and wet meadows. Randolph: along
Tygart’s Valley River plentiful. Fayette: along Loup Creek
(James) ; near Nuttallburg (Nuttall). Putnam: near Scott’s
Depot (James). Gilmer: Glenville (Brown); near DeKalb
P. O. Morgan: near Cacapon. Monongalia: near Ice’s
Ferry. Mason: near Point Pleasant.

. BULBIFERA L.
Wet places. Mason: near Pt. Pleasant.

DERINGA Adans. (1763).
(Cryptotaenia, DC. 1829).

. CANADENSIS (L.) Kuntze. Honewort. (Cryvptotaenia Cana-
densis (L.) DC.).
Shady rocks. Monongalia: Roundbottoms and Little Falls
Marion: near Opekiska. Fayette: near Nuttallburge (Vutt-

all). Tucker: rich woods near Parsons (Greenman 145).

HYDROCOTYLE L.

. AMERICANA L. Water Pennywort.
Along streams. Jefferson: near Flowing Spring. Ran-
dolph: above Cricard P. O. Grant: near Bayard. Green-
320 THE WEST VIRGINIA FLORA

brier: near White Sulphur Springs. Preston: at Cranberry
Summit (Mertz 990) ; near Aurora (Mr. & Mrs. Steele).

ERIGENIA Nutt.

E. putsosa (Michx). Nutt. Harbinger of Spring.
Rich open woods. Monongalia: opposite Granville, plen-
tiful. Fayette: near Nuttallburg (Nuttall).

CORNACEAE.
CORNUS L.

C. FioripA L. Flowering Dogwood.

Dry woods. Monongalia throughout, some quite large
trees near Morgantown. Wood, Wirt and Calhoun counties.
Gilmer: near Glenville (Brown; Mapel). Lewis and Upshur
(Millspaugh; Pollock). Randolph: on Cheat Mountains, alt.
3,600 ft. Marion: Webster: Hacker Valley (H. H. Smtth
1588). Fayette: near Nuttallburg (Nuttall). Hardy: near
Moorefield (Gamble). Mercer: near Bluefield. Greenbrier
Co., on Kate’s Mountain, alt. 3,300 ft. (Small).

C. circinata L’Her. Round-leaved Dogwood.

Damp, cool woods. Rare. Upshur: near Lorentz.

C. AMomum Mill. Kinnikinnik. (C. sericea L.).

Wet places. Grant: near Bayard. Randolph: along
Tygart’s Valley River. Nicholas: along Peter Creek. Fay-
ette: near Nuttallburg (Nuttall). Upshur: near Buckhan-
non (Pollock).

C. STOLONIFERA Michx. Red Osier. ~

Moist places. Ohio: near Wheeling (Mertz 1056).

C. canpipisstmA Marsh. Panicled Cornel. (C. paniculata L’Her.)

Thickets and river banks. Monongalia: near Morgantown.
Marion: Montana; along Beaver Creek. Randolph: Cheat
River, alt. 2,700 ft. Summers: near Hinton. Hampshire:
near Romney.

C. ALTERNIFOLIA L. f.

Hillside copses. Monongalia, Marion, Preston, Wood
and Calhoun counties. Gilmer: near Glenville (Mapel).
Preston: near Aurora (Mr. & Mrs. Steele). Lewis: along
Leading Creek. Upshur: near Lawrence (Millspaugh) ;
near Buckhannon (Pollock); near Newlin (H. H. Smith
1784). Fayette: near Nuttallburg (Nutfall). Greenbrier:
near White Sulphur Springs. Summers: near Hinton.

C. Canavensis L. Dwarf Cornel.

Deep woods. Hampshire: on Ice Mountain (Rumsey).

Pendleton: summit of Spruce Knob (A. B. Brooks).
WEST VIRGINIA GEOLOGICAL SURVEY 321
NYSSA. L.

N. sytvatica Marsh. Black Gum.

Various situations throughout the State. Wood: near
Leachtown. Wirt: along Straight Creek. Calhoun: near
Brookville. Gilmer: near Glenville (Jfapel). Monongalia:
near Morgantown. Randolph: on Point Mountain. Web-
ster: on Buffalo Bull Mountains. Fayette: near Nuttallburg
(Nuttall). Summers: near Hinton; and along the Green-
brier River. Kanawha: near Handley. Mercer: near Ingle-
side. Immense growths of this species at Pickens, Randolph
Co., with trunks 3 to 4 ft. in diameter (Millspaugh).

CLETHRACEAE.
CLETHRA L.

C. acuminata Michx. White Alder.
Wooded banks. Fayette: along the Gauley River at the
base of the Gauley Mountains: near Nuttallburg, uncommon
(Nuttall).

PAYOR: Oi. AG RAE,
PYROLA L.

P. eLLipticA Nutt. Shin-leaf,
Rich woods. Kanawha: near Charleston (James). Pres-
ton: near Terra Alta.
P. roTUNDIFOLIA L. Shin-leaf.
Sandy woodlands, frequent. Upshur: summit on Staunton
Pike. Gilmer: near Glenville (Mapel). Fayette: near Nutt-
allburg (Nuttall). Grant: near Bayard. Hardy: near
Moorefield (Gamble).

MONESES Salisb.

M. unrriora (L.) A. Gray. One-flowered Pyrola. (M. grandi-
flora S. F. Gray).
Deep, cold woods. Gilmer: near Glenville (Mapel). Pres-
ton: along Laurel Hills. Monongalia: near Cheat View, and
along Quarry Run.

CHIMAPHILA Pursh.

C. uMBELLATA (L.) Nutt. Prince’s Pine.
Dry woods, rare compared with the next. Monongalia:
along Decker’s Creek; and on Laurel Hills in pine thickets.
322 THE WEST VIRGINIA FLORA

C. Macutata (L.) Pursh. ‘“Pipsisseway.”’

Rich woods, frequent throughout the northern, eastern,
and central counties. Gilmer: near Glenville (Mapel;
Brown). Kanawha: near Charleston (James). Fayette:
near Hawk’s Nest, and Kanawha Falls; near Nuttallsburg
(Nuttall). Hardy; near Moorefield (Gamble).

MONOTROPACEAE.
MONOTROPSIS Schwein.

M. oporata Ell.

Upshur: growing at the edge of a sandy bottom along
Little Bush Run of French Creek (Brooks).

MONOTROPA L.

M. unrrLora L. Indian-pipe. Corpse-plant.

Deep, rich woods. Wirt: near Elizabeth. Kanawha: near
Charleston (James). Gilmer: near Glenville (Jlapel). Fay-
ette: near Nuttallburg (Nuttall). Preston: near Terra Alta
(Millspaugh) ; near Aurora (Mr. & Mrs. Steele. Webster:
deep woods on Tater Knob (H. H. Smith 1495). Grant:
near Bayard. Hardy: near*Moorefield (Gamble).

HYPOPITYS Hill.

H. Hypopirys (L.) Small. Pine Sap. (A/onotropa Hypopitys L.).
Deep, rich woods. Wirt: near Elizabeth. Fayette: near
Nuttallbure (Nuttall). Gilmer: near Glenville (Mapel,
Brown). Kanawha: near Charleston (James). Upshur:
summit on Staunton Pike. Preston: near Aurora (Mr. &
Mrs. Steele).

BRUCAC.E AF,
AZALEA L.

A. ARBORESCENS Pursh. Smooth Azalea.
Glades and along mountain streams. Fayette: near Nutt-
allburg (Nuttall). Webster: Upper and Welch Glades.
A. CANESCENS Michx. Hoary Azalea.
Hampshire: Mutton Run, near Cacapon Springs; Dillon’s
Run, near Cacapon River.
Specimens in full leaf were noted at these points thar
differ widely from R. nudiflorum and R: calendulaceum, and
WEST VIRGINIA GEOLOGICAL SURVEY 323

seem, so far at least, to be this species. Greenbrier Co.,
Kate’s Mountain, alt. 3,300 ft. (Small).
A. viscosa L. Sticky Azalea.

Glades and cool ravines. Preston: Kingwood glades.
Kanawha: near Charleston (Barnes). Fayette: near Nuttall-
burg (Nuttall) ; near Hawk’s Nest (James). Webster: near
Long Glade. Upshur: near Buckhannon (Pollock).

Var. GLauca Michx. “Cinnamon Honeysuckle.”

Rocky streams in the higher mountains. Tucker: along

the Blackwater Fork of Cheat.
Var. Nitta (Pursh.) Britton.

Glades. Webster: in Long and Upper Glades.

A. NupiFLora L. “Wild Honeysuckle.” Pinxter Flower.

Rocky places along streams. Common throughout the
northern, central, and eastern portions of the State. Mercer:
near Princeton 6-8 ft. high.

A. Lutea L, Flaming Azalea.

Mountain woods. Monongalia: Cheat View. (lineral:
near Keyser (Workman). Gilmer: near Glenville (J/apel).
Fayette: near Nuttallburg, alt. 1,800 ft., flowers with a deli-
cate fragrance quite distinct from that of other Azaleas
(Nuttall). Summers: near Hinton. Preston: along the
Laurel Hills. \IcDowell: near Elkhorn. Mercer: near

Princeton and Bluefield. Upshur: near Buckhannon (Pol-
lock).

RHODODENDRON L.

R. maximum L. Great Laurel.

Deep rich woods, forming the most dense and tangled
thickets in the mountains. Western limit on the Great Ka-
nawha River near Charleston, Kanawha County. Common
throughout the eastern and northern portions of the State

R. CatawsBieENsE Michx. Lilac-colored Laurel.

Deep, rich mountain woods, rare. Pendleton: near Cherry
Grove. Fayette: near Nuttallburg, where it prefers the face
of cliffs (Nuttall). Greenbrier: Top of Alleghanies. Sum-
mers: near Hinton.

MENZIESIA Smith.

M. prtosa (Michx.) Pers. (lL. globularis Salisb.).
Pocahontas: summit of Spruce Knob, alt. 4,800 ft. (Hop-
kins).
324 THE WEST VIRGINIA FLORA
KALMIA L.

K. Latirotia L. Mountain Laurel. Calico-bush. Spoon-wood.
Dry or moist hillsides and thickets; forming impenetrable
masses in the mountains. Calhoun: Laurel Run. Upshur:
Sand Run (Millspaugh, Pollock). Webster: Buffalo Bull
Mountains. Kanawha: near Charleston (Barnes). Nicho-
las: near Beaver Mills. Monongalia: near Ice'’s Ferry and
Cheat View. Preston: Laurel Hills, thence southward
throughout the eastern counties. Fayette: near Nuttallburg
(Nuttall). Jefferson: near Harper’s Ferry (Mertz & Gut-
tenberg).
K. ancustirotia L. Sheep-laurel. Lamb-kill.
Hillsides. Calhoun: Laurel Run. Upshur: Sand Run.
Nicholas: near Beaver Mills. Randolph: near Cheat Bridge.
Hardy: near Moorefield.

PIERIS D.Don,

P. Martana (L.) Bth. & Hook. Stagger Bush. (Andromeda
Mariana L.).
Low grounds. Webster: Long Glade. Summers: near
Hinton. Pocahontas: near Greenbank (Swank).
P. FLORIBUNDA (Pursh.) Bth. & Hook. (Andromeda floribunda
Pursh.).
Mountain woodlands. Greenbrier: in the mountains (Rum-
sey).

XOLISMA Raf.

X. Licustrina (L.) Britton. “Seedy Buckberry.”’

Wet grounds. Preston: Morgan’s Glade and Terra Alta.
Upshur: near Buckhannon. Webster: Upper, Long and
Welch Glades. Nicholas: Collett’s Glade. Fayette: near
Nuttallburg (Nuttail).

Var. PUBESCENS (Gray). (Andromeda ligustrina pubescens A.
Gray).
Swampy place. Fayette: near Nuttallburg, alt. 2.000 ft.:

a variation with a six-lobed corolla and six-celled ovary
(Nuttall).

OXYDENDRUM DC.

O. arsoreuM (L.) DC. Sour Gum.
Rich woods. Wood: near Leachtown. Randolph: near
Valley Bend. Gilmer: near Glenville (Mapel). Kanawha:
near Charleston (Jaines). Fayette: near Nuttallburg (Nutt-
WEST VIRGINIA GEOLOGICAL SURVEY 325

all). Summers: along Greenbrier River and near Hinton.
Marion: near Shinnston and Clements. Monongalia: near
Beechwoods. Mercer: Beaver Spr. and Ingleside. Webster
near Tater Knob (H. H. Smith 1498).

EPIGAEA L.

. REPENS L. Trailing Arbutus.

In moss of shady woods. Monongalia, and Preston: along
the Laurel Hills. Gilmer: near Glenville (Mapel). Mineral:
near Keyser (Workman). Kanawha: near Charleston
(James). Fayette: near Nuttallburg (Nuttall). Hardy:
near Moorefield (Gamble). Mercer: near Bluefield.

GAULTHERIA L.

. PROCUMBENS L, Wintergreen. Tea-berry. Mountain Tea.
Cool rich woods. Throughout the mountainous regions
of the State. t

VACCINIACEAE.
GAYLUSSACIA H. B. K.

. puMosa (Andr.) T. & G. Dwarf Huckleberry.

Damp, sandy soils. Kanawha: near Charleston (James).
Hardy: near Moorefield.

. FRONDOSA (L.) T. & G. Dangleberry.

Low copses. Fayette: near Hawk’s Nest (James). Web-
ster: Upper Glade.

. RESINOSA (Ait.) T.& G. Huckleberry.

Wirt: near Burning Springs. Monongalia: near Laurel
Hills. Upshur: near Buckhannon (Pollock). Marion: near
Forksburg. Fayette: near Nuttallburg (Nuttall). Frequent
throughout the State.

POLYCODIUM Raf.

. STAMINEUM (L.) Greene. (Vaccinium stamineum L.).

Open woods. Wirt: near Burning Springs. Mineral:
along Knobby Mts. (Workman). Gilmer: near Glenville
(Mapel). Fayette: near Nuttallbure (Nuttall). Grant: near
Bayard. Tucker: near Davis . Hardy: near Moorefield
(Gamble). Mercer: near Bluefield (Millspaugh). Webster :
Hacker Valley (H. H. Smith 1589). Upshur: near Buck-
hannon (Pollock).
326

V.

V.

THE WEST VIRGINIA FLORA
VACCINIUM L.

NniIcRUM (Wood) Britton.

Dry rocky soil. Pendleton: on Spruce Mountain. Monon-
galia: near Morgantown (Brooks).
PENNSyLvANicumM Lam. Dwarf Blueberry.

Dry hills. Gilmer: near Glenville (Mapel). Brooke: near
Wellsburg (Mertz & Guttenberg).

. VACILLANS Kalm. Low Blueberry.

Opens. Brooke: near Wellsburg (Mertz & Guttenberg).
Fayette: near Nuttallburg, alt. 2,000 ft. (Nuttall). Upshur:
near Buckhannon (Pollock). Webster: on the highest rock
at the summit of Tater Knob (H. H. Smith 1497).

. coryMBosuM L. Swamp Blueberry. “Seedy Deerberry.”

Swampy thickets. Preston: Kingwood Glades; Terra Alta
Glades. Webster: Welch, Upper and Long Glades.

. PALLIDUM Ait.

Glady regions. Webster: in Upper Glade. Upshur: near
Buckhannon (Pollock).

. CANADENSE Richards.

In wet places. Preston: in a swamp near Cranesville (A.
B. Brooks; Rumsey; Sheldon 1497).

OXYCOCCUS Hill.

. MAcROcARPUS (Ait.) Pers. Cranberry. (Vacciniuin macro-

carpon Ait.),

Glades. Webster: Welch, Long and Upper Glades. (This
station will be lost in a few years, as drainage is being prac-
tised here to reclaim the land). Preston: Glade Farms,
Morgan’s Glade, Cranberry, Reedsville and Terra Alta.

. Oxycoccus (L.) MaeM.

In cold bogs. Pocarontas: Cranberry Glades; abundant
in the open glades; Round and Flag Glades (Sheldon).
Tucker: in open glades (Brooks). Preston: near Cranes-
ville (Sheldon 1458).

. ERYTHROCARPUS (Michx.) Pers. (Vaccinium Michx.)

Pocahontas: summit Spruce Knob, alt. 4,800 ft.
CHIOGENES Salisb.

HIspipuLa (L.), T. & G. Creeping Snowberry.
Tucker: on rocks in the mist of Blackwater Fall.
WEST VIRGINIA GEOLOGICAL SURVEY 3297
DIAPEN SIA GE AE,

GALAX L.,
G. APHYLLA L.

Woodlands. Fayette: near Nuttallburg (Nuttall). Mon-
ongalia: Dille Farm near Morgantown.

PRIMULACEAE.
SAMOLUS L.

S. FLORIBUNDUS H. B. K.
Sandy places. Summers: shores of New River near
Hinton (Millspaugh, Eggleston 5518).

LYSIMACHIA L.

L. ouapriFoLt1a L. Loosestrife.
Moist soils. In all sections of the State visited.
L. Terrestris (L.), B. S. P. (L. stricta Ait.).
Wet places. Fayette: near Nuttallburg, in railroad ditches,
infrequent (Nuttall). Ohio: on Bogg’s Island (Mertz &
Guttenberg). Wood: near Kanawha Station.
L. Nummutaria L. Money-wort.
Escaped from cultivation. Wood: near Lockhart’s Run,
profuse.

STEIRONEMA Raf.

. cILiaTuM (L.) Raf.

Low grounds and ditches. Randolph: on Rich Mountain,
alt. 1,610-2,125 ft.; on Point Mountain (Millspaugh) ; Dry
Fork River near Harman (Greenman 237). Grant: near
Bayard. Gilmer: near Glenville (Brown). Fayette: near
Nuttallburg (Nuttall); near Hawk’s Nest. Tucker: near
Davis.

S. LANCEOLATUM (Walt.) Gray.

Low grounds. Wood: near Kanawha Station. Lewis:
along Stone Coal Creek. Randolph: along Tygart’s Valley
River. Monongalia: Camp Eden.

Var. ANGUSTIFOLIUM (Lam.) Gray.
Low grounds. Monongalia: Sandy banks of Cheat River
above Camp Eden.

wn

NAUMBERGIA Moench.

N. tHyrsiFLora (L.) Duby. Pyramidal Loosestrife. (Lysima-
chia L.).
328 THE WEST VIRGINIA FLORA

Wet meadows near the mountains. Upshur: near Buck-
hannon. Randolph: along Tygart’s Valley River. Mor-
gan: near Hancock.

TRIENTALIS L.

A. Americana (Pers.) Pursh. Star Flower.
Damp cool woods. Mineral: near Piedmont. Grant: near
Bayard. Tucker: along Blackwater Fork of Cheat. Pres-
ton: near Terra Alta. Monongalia: near Laurel Point.

ANAGALLIS L.

A. arvensis L. Poor Man’s Weather-glass.
Waste places. Jefferson: near Bolivar Heights (Mertz &
Guttenberg); in crevices of old walls at Harpers Ferry
(Greene). Wayne: near Fort Gay (Hopkins).

DODECATHEON L.

D, Meapta L. Shooting Star.
Rich woods. Mineral: near Keyser (Workman). Hardy:
near Moorefield (Gamble).

EBENACEAE.,
DIOSPYROS L.

D. VirctntAna L. Persimmon. Date Plum. ;
Thickets and opens. Wood: throughout. Fayette: near
Nuttallburg (Nuttall). Gilmer: near Glenville (Mapel).
Monongalia: near Morgantown. Wirt: along Little Kana-
wha River. Jackson: near Ripley. Lewis: along Leading
Creek.

STYRACACEAE.
MOHRODENDRON Britton.
M. Carottinum (L.) Britton.  “Shittimwood.” (Halesia tet
raptera L.).

Banks of streams. Fayette: near Nuttallbure (Nuttall).
below Gauley Bridge. Summers: near Hinton, abundant.

OLEACEAE.

FRAXINUS L.

F. Americana L. White Ash. ;
Rich woods. Frequent throughout the State. Fine speci-
WEST VIRGINIA GEOLOGICAL SURVEY 329

mens of very large growth in Randolph Co., especially on
Channel ridge where the species grows very tall, and at
Pickens where specimens were measured from 3 to 6 ft. in
diameter.

F. PennsyLvanica Marsh. Red or Black Ash. (F. pubescens
Lam.).

Low grounds. Randolph: along Tygart’s Valley River.
Upshur: near Lawrence. Fayette: near Nuttallburg (Nutt-
all). Wood: along the Little Kanawha River. Mason: neat
Point Pleasant.

F. LtanceoLata Borck. Green Ash. (F. viridis Michx.).

Along streams. Summers: near Hinton. Frequent
throughout the State.

F. nigra Marsh. Black Ash. (F. sambucifolia Lam.).

Wet woods. Wirt: along Straight Creek. Fayette: neai
Nuttallburg, rare (Nuttall). Randolph: on Point Mountain.
Webster: Buffalo Bull Mountain. Monongalia: near Ice’s
Ferry. Summers: Hinton,

CHIONANTHUS L.

C. Virernica L. Fringe Tree.

River banks. Jackson: near Sandy and Ripley. Fayette:
near Nuttallburg, plentiful (Nuttall) ; along Gauley River
near Gauley Mountains (Millspaugh); near Thurmond
(Eggleston 5560); near Hawks Nest (Holton) in fruit.
Summers: near Hinton. Monongalia: along Tibb’s Run.

LIGUSTRUM L.

L. vuULGARE L. Privet.

Escaped from cultivation to waste places. Kanawha:
near Charleston (Barnes). Randolph: near Pickens (H. H.
Smith 2024).

LOGANIACEAE,

CYNOCTONUM J. G. Gmel.
(Mitreola R. Br. 1810).

C. Mirreota (L.) Britton. (M. petiolata T. & G.)
Damp soil Fayette: near Nuttallburg; rare (Nuttall).
330 THE WEST VIRGINIA FLORA
GENTIANACEAE,
SABBATIA Adans.

S. ancuLaris (L.) Pursh. Centaury.

Rich soil. Jackson and Wood counties, frequent. Gilmer:
near Glenville (Mapel). Fayette: near Nuttallburg (Nutt-
all). Monongalia: near Easton. Summers: near Hinton.
Harrison: near Lumberport. Marion: near Clements.

S. LANCEOLATA (Walt.) T. & G. ‘
Wet places. Marion: near Fairmont (Boutlou).

GENTIANA L.

G. QUINQUEFOLIA L. Four-leaved Gentian.  (G. quinqueflora,
Lam.). :

Opens. Doddridge: near Long Run. Hardy: near
Moorefield (Gamble). Preston: near Aurora (Mr. & Mrs.
Steele).

G. AnprEwsit Griseb. Andrew’s Gentian.

Moist woods. Fayette: near Nuttallburg, alt. 2,000 ft
(Nuttall). Monongalia: near Cheat View. Preston: near
Reedsville. Webster: (H. H. Smith).

G. Saponaria L. Soapwort. Gentian.

Moist woods. Fayette: near Kanawha Falls (Selby).
Preston: near Aurora (Mr. & Mrs. Steele).

G. LINEARIS Froel.
Boggy places. Preston: near Terra Alta and Morgan’s
Glade.
G. FLavipa A. Gray. Yellow Gentian.
In moist soils, Preston: near Aurora (Mr. & Mrs. Steele).

OBOLARIA L.

O. Vircrnica L. Pennywort.

Moist woods. Gilmer: near Glenville (Mapel). Upshur:
near Buckhannon (Pollock). Fayette: near Nuttallburg
(Nuttall). McDowell: near Elkhorn.

BARTONIA Muhl.

B. Viretnica (L.) B.S. P. Yellow Bartonia.
In moist situations. Preston: near Aurora (Mr. & Mrs.
Steele).
WEST VIRGINIA GEOLOGICAL SURVEY 331
MENYANTHACEAE.
MENYANTHES Linn.

. TRIFOLIATA Linn, Buckbean.
In cool bogs, Preston: near Cranesville (Sheldon). Poca-
hontas: Cranberry Glades (Brooks).

APOCYNACEAE,
APOCYNUM L.

. ANDROSAEMIFOLIUM L. Spreading Dog’s-bane.

Meadows, fields, and borders of thickets. Randolph:
near Cricard P. O.; near Valley Head. Greenbrier: near
White Sulphur Springs. Mason: near Point Pleasant,
Brighton and Buffalo.

. CANNABINUM L. “Rheumatism weed.” Indian Hemp. “Wild
Cotton.”

Moist grounds, fields, and banks of streams. Frequent
or common throughout the State. Tucker: banks of the
Blackwater River near Hendricks (Greenman 274). Jeffer-
son: dry uplands near Harpers Ferry (Greene).

. ALBUM Greene.

Jefferson: alluvial banks of both rivers at Harpers Ferry

(Greene).
. PUBESCENS R. Br.
Hardy: near Moorefield (Gamble).

ASCLEPIADACEAE.
ASCLEPIAS L.

. TUBEROSA L. Pleurisy-root.

Fields and meadows. Wood: near Leachtown. Monon-
galia: near Morgantown and at Camp Eden. Lewis: along
Leading and Stone Coal Creeks. Webster: near Long Glade.
Fayette: near Nuttallburg (Nuttall).; near Kanawha Falls
(James); near Gauley Bridge (Millspaugh) ; near Hawk's
Nest (Holton). Jackson: near Fisher’s Point. Gilmer:
near Glenville (Mapel; Brown). Doddridge: near Smith-
ton. Jefferson: near Shenandoah Jc. Berkeley: near Mar-
tinsburg. Hardy: near Moorefield (Gamble). Upshur:
near Buckhannon (Pollock).

A. RUBRA L.

Damp woods. McDowell: near Elkhorn.
332
A.

A.

A.

A.

A.

THE WEST VIRGINIA FLORA

PURPURASCENS L. Purple Milk-weed.

Damp grounds. Fayette: near Nuttallburg (Nuttall) ;

near Quinnimont. Hardy: near Moorefield (Gamble).
VARIEGATA L.

Dry woods. Wirt: near Elizabeth. Upshur: near School
House Summit. Hardy: near Moorefield (Gamble). Fay-
ette: near Nuttallburg (Nuttall). Kanawha: near Charles-
ton (Holton).

. INCARNATA L. Swamp Milk-weed.

Wet places. Wirt: near Burning Springs. Gilmer: along
Tanner’s Fork. Randolph: along Tygart’s Valley River,
alt. 1,963-2,200 ft. Fayette: near Nuttallbure (Nuttall).
Monongalia: near Stewartown. Summers: near Hinton.
Kanawha: near Charleston. Marion: near Worthington
Upshur: near Buckhannon (Pollock).

. PULCHRA Ehrh.

Hardy: near Moorefield (Gamble).

Syrtaca L. Milk-weed. (A. Cornuti, Dec.).

Fields and roadsides. Common throughout the State,
even in the wildest portions. Preston: near Aurora (Mr. &
Mrs. Steele).

EXALTATA (L.) Muhl. Poke Milk-weed. (4. phytolaccoides,
Pursh.).

Moist copses. Randolph: near Valley Bend; on Point
Mountain, alt. 1,963-3,300 ft. Preston: near Terra Alta.
Grant: near Bayard. Tucker: near Davis. Fayette: near
Nuttallburg (Nuttall). Preston: near Aurora (Mr. & Mrs.
Steele).

AMPLEXICAULIS J. E. Smith. (A. obtusifolia Mx.).

Dry fields, Mason: near Point Pleasant (Sheldon).
QUADRIFOLIA Jacq. Four-leaved Milk-weed.

Open woodlands. Mineral: near Keyser (Workman).
Kanawha: near Charleston (Barnes). Gilmer: near Glen-
ville (Mapel). Fayette: near Nuttallburg (Nuttall). Mon-
ongalia: near Mapel Run (Brown). Summers: near Hin-
ton. Hardy: near Moorefield (Gamble).

ACERATES EIL

VIRIDIFLORA (Raf.) Eaton. Green-flowered Milk-weed.

Berkeley: near Martinsburg (Mertz & Guttenberg).
Mineral: near Keyser. Jefferson: near Charlestown. Jack-
son: along Limestone Ridge.
WEST VIRGINIA GEOLOGICAL SURVEY 333

GONOLOBUS Mlichx.

G. Larvis Michx.

Climbing over weeds and fences. Mason: near Point
Pleasant. Putnam: near Buffalo. An abundant weed about
Charleston, Kanawha County (Boutlow); in the Salinas
(Holton).

CONVOLVULACEAE,
QUAMOCLIT Moench.

Q. coccinea (L.) Moench. Scarlet Morning-glory. (Ipomoea L.)
Waste grounds. Monongalia: near Morgantown. Ma-
son: near Point Pleasant.

IPOMOEA L.

I. HEDERACEA Jacq. Ivy-leaved Morning-glory.

Waste places. Mason: sandy banks of the Ohio near
Point Pleasant. Fayette: near Nuttallburg, banks of New
River (Nuttall). Berkeley: near Martinsburg. Hardy:
near Moorefield (Gamble). Kanawha: at the Salinas
(Holton).

I. purPpuREA (L.) Roth. Morning-glory.

Fields, cultivated grounds and waste places. Mineral:
near Keyser (Workman). Fayette: near Nuttallburg (Nutt-
all). Wood: near Lockhart’s Run. Monongalia: near Mor-
gantown. Jackson: near Sandyville. Mason and Putnam:
an abundant weed in corn fields. Mineral Co., opposite
Cumberland, Md. (Small).

J. panpuRATA (L.) Meyer. “Wild Sweet Potato.”

Fields, roadsides, and waste places. Monongalia: near
Stewartown, Morgantown and Glenville. Marion: near
Houghtown, Opekiska, and Fairmont. Wood: near Kana-
wha Station and Lockhart’s Run. Gilmer: near Glenville
(Mapel). Fayette: near Nuttallbure (Nuttall). Green-
brier: near White Sulphur Springs. Monroe: near Alder-
son. Mason: near Point Pleasant. Summers: near Hinton.
Hardy: near Moorefield (Gamble).

Reported as a troublesome weed, from the following
localities: Marion: near Canton, Farmington, Barracksville,
Eldora, and Worthington. Taylor: near Grafton. Harri-
son: near Clarksburg, Bridgeport, Good Hope, Mt. Clair,
and Wallace. Hampshire: near Slanesville, Concord, Three
Churchs, Bloomery, Dillon’s Run, and Springfield. Jeffer-
son: near Summit Point, Shenandoah Jc., Middleway, and
334 THE WEST VIRGINIA FLORA

Kabletown. Jackson: near Douglass, Lone Cedar, Grass
Lick, Garfield, Wilding, Odaville, Belgrove, and Kentuck.
Ohio: near Alum Grove. Hancock: near New Cumberland.
Lincoln: near Hamlin. Wood: near Waverly, Belleville,
Tyner, Jerry’s Run, Fountain Spring, Blennerhassett,, Mur-
phy’s Mills, Deer Walk, and Rockport. Lewis: near Vadis,
and Aberdeen. Wirt: near Burning Springs, Morris, Eliza-
beth, and Reedy Ripple. Summers: near Forest Hill, Tal-
cott, Clayton, and Indian Mills. Preston: near Masontown,
and Reedsville. Wetzel: near Endicott, Pine Grove, New
Martinswille, and Blake. Mineral: near Patterson’s Depot,
and Piedmont. Berkeley: near Oakton, Martinsburg, and
Gerardstown. Webster: near Replete. Ritchie: near Ritchie
C. H., and Highland. Mercer: near Princeton, Concord
Church, Bramwell and New Hope. Cabell: near Union
Ridge and Milton. Kanawha: near Pocotaligo, Blandon and
Gazil. Monroe: near Cashmere, and Johnson’s X Roads.
Wayne: near Adkin’s Mills, and Stone Coal. Randolph:
near Florence. Doddridge: near Smithton, Center Point,
and Leopold. Fayette: near Fayetteville. Braxton: near
Bulltown, Lloydsville, Frametown, and Newville. Tyler:
near Wick, and Long Reach. Roane: near Newton, Looney-
ville, Clio, Reedy, Walnut Grove and Peneil. Upshur: near
Evergreen, Kanawha Head, and Overhill. Barbour: near
Pepper. Marshall: near Meighen, and Welcome. Grant:
near Medley, and Greenland. Raleigh: near Egeira, and
Raleigh C. H. Greenbrier: near Traut Valley, and White

Sulphur Springs. McDowell: near Squire Jim. Mason:

near Maggie. Taylor: near Thornton, and Meadland.
Brooke: near Wellsburg, and Fowler’s. Pleasants: near
Schultz. Putnam: near Carpenter’s. Hardy: near Old
Fields. Clay: near Valley Fork.
I, racunosa L.

Fayette: sandy banks of New River near Nuttallburg
(Nuttall). Kanawha: at the Salinas (Holton). Jefferson:
near Harpers Ferry (Merriam). Summers: near Hinton.

CONVOLVULUS L.

C. sPIrHAMAEUS L.
Rocky soil. Mineral: near Keyser (]l’orkmai).
C. Serium L. Hedge Bindweed.
Alluvial soils. Monongalia: near Little Falls; and along
Decker’s Creek. Mason: near Point Pleasant.
C. REPENS L.
Rocky river banks. Fayette: banks of New River near
Nuttallburg (Nuttall). Monongalia: below Morgantown,
WEST VIRGINIA GEOLOGICAL SURVEY 335

CUSCUTACEAE.
CUSCUTA: L.
. EpitrHymMum Murr. Clover Dodder. (C. trifolit Bab.).

Parasitic on Clover. Greenbrier: near White Sulphur
Springs.

. ARVENSIS Beyrich.

On Ambrosia artemisiaefolia in very dry grounds below
Baileysville, Wyoming County, alt. 1,150 ft., August 13-
19, 1900 (Morris, 12034).

Gronovit Willd. Dodder.

Parasitic on grasses, sedges, and low weeds. Preston:
near Aurora (Mr. & Mrs. Steele). Kanawha: opposite
Charleston (Holton). Frequent in wet places throughout
the State.

. PARADOXA Raf. (C. glomerata Choisy.)

Parasitic on Compositae. Monongalia: near Little Falls.
POLEMONIACEAE.,
PHLOX L.

P. PANICULATA Linn.

Fayette: near Nuttallburg (Nuttall).

P. PANICULATA, Var. ACUMINATA (Pursh.) Chapm.

Monroe: banks of Greenbrier River (Nuttall). Preston:
near Aurora (Mr. & Mrs. Steele). Tucker: rich woods
near Parsons (Greenman 273).

MACULATA L. Wild Sweet William.

Grassy woodlands along streams. Wirt: above Burning
Springs, plentiful. Upshur: near Lorentz. Randolph: along
Tygart’s Valley River from Beverly to Valley Head. Hardy:
near Moorefield (Gamble).

. AMOENA Sims,

Dry open woods. Fayette: near Nuttallburg, frequent

(Nuttall).
REPTANS Michx.

Deep damp woods. Gilmer: near Glenville (Wapel).
Grant: near Bayard. Tucker: near Davis. Fayette: near
Nuttallburge (Nuttall). Mercer: near Bluefield. Upshur:
near Buckhannon (Pollock).

. DIVARICATA L. M. &G.

Rocky woods. Monongalia: near Morgantown and Stump-
town. Gilmer: near Glenville (Mapel, Brown). UHardy:
near Moorefield (Gamble). Fayette: near Nuttallburg
(Nuttall). Mercer: near Bluefield. Lewis: (Pollock).
336

THE WEST VIRGINIA FLORA

P. supuLata L. Moss Pink.

Dry rocky places. Mineral: near Keyser (Workman).
Fayette: near Hawk’s Nest (James). Monongalia and
Marion: near the F. M. & P. R. R. Hardy: near Moore-
field (Gamble; F. E. Brooks). Mercer: near Bluefield.
Greenbrier Co., dry, stony ledges on Kate’s Mountain, alt.
3,300 ft. (Small; Heller 812).

P. Brirroni Small, Bull. Torr. Club, 27 :279. (1900).

Perennial, deep green. Stems copiously branched;
branches matted, forming wide tufts, glandular-pilose:
leaves numerous, small ones often clustered in the axils of
the larger; blades subulate or narrowly linear-subulate, 5-10
mm. long, ciliate, especially near the base: calices 5-6mm.
long, glandular-pubescent like the branches; segments subu-
late, about as long as the tube: corolla white: tube curved,
about cm. long; limb 12-13mm. wide; segments cuneate,
with two pale magenta spots near the base, cleft by a V-
shaped sinus about 3mm. deep, usually with a minute tooth
in each sinus, tips acttte or acutish.

A relative of P. subulata but more delicate in all its parts.
(Note the contrasting characters as tabulated in the origina!
description of the species).

The specimens upon which the species is based were col-
lected by Dr. N. L. Britton, at White Sulphur Springs,
Greenbrier County, May 1808.

POLEMONIUM L.

P. reprAns L. Greek Valerian.

Damp woods. Monongalia: in Brand’s Woods near
Easton, where it is used by the people of that neighborhood
as a stomachic and tonic. Rich woods, near Morgantown.
Gilmer: near Glenville (Mapel).

P. Van BruntiaeE Britton. Jacob’s Ladder. (P. coeruleum A.

Gray.
Moist opens. Preston: near Cranberry Summit (Aerts &
Guttenberg). -
HYDROPHYLLACEAE,

HYDROPHYLLUM L.,

H. MAcROPHYLLUM Nutt. Small-leaved Water-leaf

Rich woods. Gilmer: near Glenville (Mapel). Wetzel:
near Burton (Mertz & Guttenberg).
WEST VIRGINIA GEOLOGICAL SURVEY 337

H. Virernrcum L. Water-leaf.

Rich woods. Monongalia and Marion: along the Monon-
gahela River. Ohio: near Wheeling (Mertz & Guttenberg).
Hampshire: near Romney.

H. Canavense L. Canadian Water-leaf.
Damp rich woods. Monongalia and Marion: along the

Monongahela River. Fayette: near Kanawha Falls (James).
Ohio: near Wheeling (Mertz & Guttenberg).
H. APpPENDICULATUM Michx.
Ohio: Thomas’ Hill, near Wheeling (Mertz & Guttenberg).
Mineral: near Keyser (Workman). Grant: near Bayard.
Tucker: near the Falls of Blackwater.

PHACELIA Juss,

P. BIPINNATIFIDA Michx.

Rich soil. Fayette: near Nuttallburg, on or among damp

mossy rocks (Nuttall).
P. Pursuit Buckley.

Moist wooded banks. Monongalia: banks of Decker’s
Creek. Mineral: near Keyser (Workman). Gilmer: near
Glenville (Mapel).

P. pupia (L.) ‘Small. (P. parviflora Pursh.).

Shaded banks. Fayette: near Nuttallburg (Nuttall).

BORAGINACEAE.
HELIOTROPIUM Linn.

H. Inptcum Linn.
Established on waste grounds near Harpers Ferry, Jeffer-
son County (Merriam).

CYNOGLOSSUM L.

C. OFFICINALE L. Hound’s Tongue. ‘“Dog-burr.”

Waste places and roadsides. Jefferson: near Shenandoah
Jc. Gilmer: near Glenville (Brown). Hardy: near Moore-
field (Gamble). Mercer: generally frequent.

C. Virainicum L. Wild Comfrey.

Wood openings. Calhoun: near White Pine. Grant:
near Bayard. Preston: near Terra Alta. Monongalia: near
Morgantown. Gilmer: near Glenville (Mapel).. Summers:
near Hinton.
338 THE WEST VIRGINIA FLORA

LAPPULA Moench (1794).
(Echinospermum Sw. 1818.)

L. Vireiniana (L.) Greene. Beggar’s-lice.
Borders and thickets. Frequent throughout the State.

MERTENSIA Roth.

M. Virernica (L.) DC. Virginian Cowslip. Lung-wort. Blue-
bells.

Rich woods. Monongalia and Marion; along the Monon-
gahela River. Lewis: along Stone Coal Creek. Wirt: near
Elizabeth. Upshur: near Laurentz (Millspaugh, Pollock).
Gilmer: near Glenville (Mapel, Brown). Hardy: near
Moorefield (Gamble).

ONOSMODIUM Michx.

O. CarorinianuM (Lam.) DC.
Summers: banks of New River near Hinton.

MYOSOTIS L.

M. patustris (L.) Lam. Forget-me-not.
Damp places. Jefferson: near Harper’s Ferry (Mertz &
Guttenberg).
M. vaxa Lehm.
About a spring near Kegley, Mercer County, alt. 2,090 ft.,
July 21, 1900 (Morris 1041).
M. arvensis (L.) Lam. Scorpion grass.
Grassy places. Randolph: near Helvetia (Guttenberg).

SYMPHYTUM L.

S. OFFICINALE L. Comfrey.
Waste places. Gilmer: near Glenville (Mapel). Mercer:
near Ingleside.

LITHOSPERMUM L.

L. arvense L. Corn Cromwell.
Fields. Ohio: near Wheeling (Mertz & Guttenberg).
Fayette: near Nuttallburg (Nuttall).
L. LaTIFoLtuM Michx. Stone-seed.
Ohio: Cowan’s Hill near Wheeling (Mertz & Guttenberg).
Fayette: near Nuttallburg; rare, not found in 1891 (Nutt-
all). Monongalia: near Little Falls (Walker).
WEST VIRGINIA GEOLOGICAL SURVEY 339

L. canescens (Michx.) Lehm. Puccoon.

Open woods. Mineral: on Knobby Mountain (Il’orkman).
Hardy: near Old Fields (Hopkins) ; and Moorefield (Gam-
ble). Hampshire: near Romney (A/illspaugh).

ECHIUM L.

E. vutcare L. “Blue Weed.” “Blue Devils.” “Blue Thistle.”
“Blue Stem.”

Fields and waste ground. Jefferson: abundant especially
near Charlestown, where there are many fields absolutely
blue with the plant. Dr. Gray says of his trip through this
country: “From the moment we entered the valley, we
observed such immense quantities of Echium vulgare, that
we were no longer surprised at the doubt expressed by
Pursh whether it were really an introduced plant;” near
Shenandoah Junction; Shepherdstown and Harper’s Ferry.
Randolph: along Tygart’s Valley River; near Huttonsville,
and up Riffles Creek. Berkeley: near Martinsburg, plentiful.
Morgan: near Hancock, Cacapon and Orleans X Roads.
Mineral: near Keyser, and Piedmont. Fayette: near Kana-
wha Falls (James) ; near Nuttallburg (Nuttall). Kanawha:
opposite Coalburg. Summers: near Hinton. Jefferson: near
Summit Point. Greenbrier: near White Sulphur Springs.
Hardy: near Moorefield.

Also reported from: Jefferson: near Ripon, Summit Point,
Middleway and Kabletown. Berkeley: near Oakton and
Hedgesville. Morgan: near Rock Gap. Hampshire: near
Slanesville, Concord, Romney, Three Churches, Dillon’s Run,
Higginsville, Sedan, Purgitsville and Springfield. Mineral:
near Blaine. Hardy: near Moorefield, Wardensville and
Old Fields. Grant: near Medley, Greenland and Petersburg.
Tucker: near Hendricks and St. Georges. Pendleton: near
Franklin and Upper Tract. Pocahontas: near Lobelia.
Greenbrier: near Williamsburg and Fort Spring. Summers:
near Talcott. Mercer: near Princton and New Hope. Mc-
Dowell: near Squire Jim. Wood: near Waverly. Lewis:
near Vadis and Aberdeen. Barbour: near Old Field. Web-
ster: near Replete. Wetzel: near Endicott. Doddridge:
near Smithton. Marshall: near Lowdenville. Roane: near
Clio and Walnut Grove. Kanawha: near Tornado. Taylor:
near Thornton; and Clay: near Valley Fork.
340 THE WEST VIRGINIA FLORA
VERBENACEAE.
VERBENA L.

V. orricinaLis L. Vervain.
Waste grounds. Jefferson: plentiful at Harpers Ferry
(Mertz & Guttenberg; Greene).
V. urTICAEFOLIA L. White Vervain.
Waste or open grounds. Common throughout the State.
V. wastata L. Blue Vervain.
Damp waste grounds and roadsides. Frequent throughout
the State. In some regions rare.
V. ANGUSTIFOLIA Michx.
Roadsides and waste places. Throughout Jefferson County.
Hardy: near Moorefield (Gamble).

LIPPIA: L.

L. LANCEOLATA Michx. Fog Fruit.
Waste grounds. Ohio: near West Wheeling (Mertz &
Guttenberg). Mason: banks of the Ohio River near Point
Pleasant.

LABIATAE,
ISANTHUS Michx.

I. pracutatus (L.) B.S. P. False Pennyroyal. (Jf. coeruleus,
Michx.).
Mineral: opposite Cumberland, Md. (Mertz & Gutten-
berg).

¢

TEUCRIUM L.

T. CaANADENSE L. Germander. Wood Sage.

Low grounds. Wood: ditches near Kanawha Station.
Jackson: near Sandyville. Gilmer: near Glenville (Mapel).
Cabell: near Barboursville (James). Fayette: near Nuttall-
burg, profile of expanded flower resembles a deer’s head
(Nuttall). Monongalia: near Ice’s Ferry. Hardy: near
Moorefield (Gamble).

TRICHOSTEMA L.,
T. pichotomum L. Bastard Pennyroyal.

Dry fields. Mason: near Brighton. Hardy: near Moore-
field (Gamble).
WEST VIRGINIA GEOLOGICAL SURVEY 341

SCUTELLARIA L,

S. LATERIFLORA L. Mad-dog Skull-cap.

Wet shady places. Frequent throughout the State.

S. corpiroLia Muhl. var. minor (Chapm.). (S. versicolor
minor Chapm.).

Rich soil. Fayette: near Nuttallburg (Nuttall). On vis-
iting Mr. Nuttall’s station for this species, a moss covered
boulder, I was impressed with the great beauty of this little
skull-cap, which, in its mossy bed, resembled a bright blue
bit of color upon a Fairy’s palette.

S. saxaTiLis Riddell.

Moist shady banks. Fayette: near Nuttallburg (Nuttall) ;
along the north bank of the Great Kanawha River near
Kanawha Falls. Jefferson: under cliffs along the Shenan-
doah River at Harpers Ferry (Greene).

S. SERRATA Andrews.

Woodlands: Kanawha: near Charleston (Barnes). Put-

nam: near Buffalo. Fayette: near Nuttallburg (Nuttall).
S. incana Muhl. (S. canescens Nutt.).

Ditches and moist places. Wirt: near Elizabeth. Kana-
wha: up 8 Mile Creek (Millspaugh). Upshur: near Buck-
hannon (Pollock).

S. prtosa Michx.

Dry mountain sides. Fayette: near Nuttallburg (Nuttall).
Var. uirsuta (Short) Gray.

With the preceding. Fayette: near Nuttallburg (Nuttall).
S. INTEGRIFOLIA L.

Low grounds. Wood: near Kanawha Station, abundant.
S. PARVULA Michx.

Sandy banks. Wood: near Parkersburg (Mertz & Gut-
tenberg). Mason: near Point Pleasant.

S. GALERICULATA L.

Wet shady places. Kanawha: near Charleston (Barnes) ;
near Pocataligo. Jackson: near Fisher’s Point. Gilmer.
near Fisher’s Point; near Glenville (Brown).

Waste grounds, escaped from gardens. Randolph: near

Forma aLprrtora Millsp. Prel. Cat. Fl. W. Va., 428.

Kanawha: near Charleston (Barnes).

S. Nervosa Pursh.

Moist thickets. Monongalia: on The Flats near Morgan-
town (Millspaugh). Ohio: near Wheeling (Mertz 2062).
342 THE WEST VIRGINIA FLORA
MARRUBIUM L.

M. vutcare L. Horehound.
Waste grounds, escaped from gardens. Randolph: near
Ford’s. Jefferson: near Shepherdstown, plentiful.

AGASTACHE Clayt. (1762).
(Lophanthus, Benth, 1834.)

A. NEPETOIDES (L.) Kuntze. Giant Hyssop.
Ohio: near Wheeling (Mertz & Guttenberg).
A. SCROPHULARIAEFOLIA ( Willd.) Kuntze.
Woods and thickets. Preston: near Aurora (Mr. & Mrs.
Steele).

MEEHANIA Britton.

M. corpata (Nutt.) Britton (Cedronella Bth.).
Moist, shady ravines. Kanawha: near Charleston
(Barnes). Fayette: near Kanawha Falls (James). Gilmer:
near Glenville (Mapel; Brown). Randolph: summit of
Point Mountain, alt. 3,700 ft. Monongalia: near Round
Bottoms; opposite Little Falls. Fayette: near Nuttallburg
(Nuttall). Upshur: near Buckhannon (Pollock). Taylor:
near Grafton (Canby). Hancock: near Fairview (Hill).

NEPETA L.

N. catrarra L. Catnip.
Roadsides and waste places. Common throughout the

State.
Found at various points in the higher Alleghanies, remote
from dwellings.

GLECOMA L.

G. HEDERACDA L. Ground Ivy. Gill-over-the-ground. (Nepeta
Bth.).
Abundant throughout the settled portions of the State.

PRUNELLA L.

P. vutearts L. Heal-all. (Brunella Bth.).
All situations, common throughout the State.

Forma ALBirLora (Boggenhard) Britt.
Jackson: on Limestone Ridge.
WEST VIRGINIA GEOLOGICAL SURVEY 343
SYNANDRA Nutt.

. HISPIDULA (Michx.) Britton.
Wet places. Ohio: near Wheeling (Mertz).

PHYSOSTEGIA Benth,

. VIRGINIANA (L.) Benth. False Dragon-head.
Wet places. Fayette: near Nuttallburg (Nuttall) ; near
Kanawha Falls (James).

GALEOPSIS L.

. TeTRAHIT L. Hemp Nettle.

Waste places. Preston: near Terra Alta; near Cranberry
Summit (Mertz & Guttenberg) ; near Aurora (Mr. & Mrs.
Steele).

LEONURUS L.

. Carpiaca L. Motherwort.

Waste places near dwellings. Monongalia: near Ice’s
Ferry. Hardy: near Moorefield. Mercer: near Princeton.
Jefferson: near Shenandoah Jc.

LAMIUM L.

. AMPLEXICAULE L. Dead Nettle.

Escaped from Gardens. Favette: near Nuttallburg (Nutt-
all). Monongalia: plentiful on the College Campus.
. MACULATUM L.

Escaped and established from gardens. Preston: at Bruce-
ton (Rumsey).
. PURPUREUM Linn.

Established in waste grounds near Morgantown, Monon-
galia County (Sheldon 4267).

STACHYS L.

. TENUIFOLIA Willd.
In a moist field, Monongalia: near Sabraton (Sheldon
4322).
. PALUSTRIS L. Hedge Nettle.
Wet grounds. Gilmer: near Glenville (Brown).
. ASPERA Michx.
Damp places. Fayette: near Nuttallburg (Nuttall).
344 THE WEST VIRGINIA FLORA

Var. GLABRA Gray.
Damp places. Mason: banks of the Ohio River near Point
Pleasant, common.
S. corpata Ridd. z
Rocky thickets. Wirt: near Elizabeth.

SALVIA L.

M. tyrata L. Sage.
Meadows. Monongalia: near Morgantown. Fayette:
near Nuttallburg (Nuttall). Gilmer: near Glenville (Ja-
pel). Mercer: near Ingleside.

MONARDA L.

M. pipyma L. Bee-balm. Oswego-Tea.

Moist places. Randolph: near Cheat Bridge, alt. 3,350 ft.;
near Valley Head. Mineral: near Davis. Grant and Tucker
on W. Va. Central R. R. Monroe: near Alderson. Hardy:
near Moorefield (Gamble). Randolph: near Pickens (H. H.
Smith 1409). Preston: near Aurora (Mr. & Mrs. Steele).

M. ristutosa L. Wild Bergamot.

Dry soils. Wirt: near Elizabeth. Gilmer: near DeKalb,
abundant; near Glenville (Mapel). Randolph: summit of
Point Mountain, alt. 3,700 ft. Monongalia: near Ice’s Ferry.
Fayette: near Nuttallburg (Nuttall) ; near Kanawha Falls
(James). Kanawha: near Coalburg (James). Greenbrier:
near White Sulphur Springs. Marion: near Fairmont.
Hardy: near Moorefield (Gamble).

M. mepia Willd.

Moist grounds. Mineral: along Abraham’s Creek. Sum-
mers: near Greenbrier Stockyards. Monroe: near Alder-
son.

M. scapra Beck.
Shady places. Fayette: near Nuttallburg (Nuttall).
M. Criinoropia L. Basil Balm.

Woods and thickets, Webster: near Tater Knob; and
Nicholas: near Richwood (H. H. Smith 1414, 1521, 1744).
Preston: near Aurora (Mr. & Mrs. Steele).

BLEPHILIA Raf.

B. urrsuta (Pursh.) Torrey.
Fields and fence rows. Randolph: summit of Rich Moun-
tain, alt. 3,000 ft. Fayette: near Hawk’s Nest (James).
Preston: near Terra Alta.
WEST VIRGINIA GEOLOGICAL SURVEY 345

B. citiata (L.) Raf,

On dry banks at Bargers Spring, Summers County, alt.
1,500 ft., July 13, 1900 (Morris, 999); thickets near Keg-
ley, — County, alt. 2,100 ft., July 27, 1900 (Morris.
1067).

HEDEOMA Pers.

H. puLeciowes (L.) Pers. American Pennyroyal.
Dry fields and woods. Common throughout the State.

MELISSA L.,

M. orrictinaLis L. Balm.

Escaped from gardens. Kanawha: up 8-Mile Creek.
Fayette: near Nuttallburg (Nuttall).

CLINOPODIUM L. (1753).
(Calamintha Moench. 1794.)

C. CaLtamintHa (L.) Kuntze. Basil.

Dry soils. Upshur: near Buckhannon. Fayette: near
Nuttallburg, rare (Nuttall). Randolph: near Crickard P. O.
C. vutcare Linn. Basil.

Roadside, Randolph: near Pickens (H. H. Smith 1368,
1470). Preston: near Aurora (Mr. & Mrs. Steele).

KOELLIA Moen. (1794).
(Pycnanthemum, Michx. 1803.)

K. FLExuosa (Walt.) MacM. (P. linifolium Pursh.)

Dry grounds. Wood: near Kanawha Station and Lock-
hart’s Run. Fayette: near Kanawha Falls (James); near
Nuttallburg (Nuttall). Preston: near Terra Alta. Sum-
mers: near Hinton. Monroe: near Alderson. Upshur:
near Buckhannon (Pollock).

K. vERTICILLATA (Michx.) Kuntze. (P. Torreyi Bth.).

Dry soil. Fayette: near Nuttallburg (Nuttall). Sum-
mers: near Hinton.

K. cirnopoprorpes (T. & G. ) Kuntze.
Dry soil. Nicholas: near Beaver Mills, alt. 2,125 ft.
K. pYCNANTHEMOIDES (Leavenw.) Kuntze. (P. Tullia Bth.).

Open woods and banks. Fayette: near Nuttallburg, com-
mon (Nuttall).
346 3 THE WEST VIRGINIA FLORA

K. rncana (L.) Kuntze. Mountain Mint.

Dry soils. Wirt: near Burning Springs and Elizabeth
Monongalia: near Morgantown. Fayette: near Nuttallburg
(Nuttall). ‘

IX. Montana (Michx.) Kuntze.

Rocky river banks. Fayette: near Nuttallburg, rare. Not

found in 1891 (Nuttall).
K. mutica (Michx.) Britton.

Sandy soils. Webster: Hacker Valley (H. H. Smith

1557).
K. Vrrerniana (L.) McM.
Dry roadsides and pasture lands. Randolph: near Elkins

(Greenman 473).
CUNILA L.

C. oricanorpes (L.) Britton. Dittany. (C. Mariana L.).
Dry hillsides. Gilmer: near Glenville (Mapel). Fayette:
near Nuttallburg (Nuttall). Wetzel: near Burton (Mertz

& Guttenberg).

LYCOPUS L.

L. uNIFLoRuS Michx.
L. communis and membranaceus of Bicknell. Randolph:
near Cheat Bridge (Sheldon 2609).
L. Viretnicus L. Bugle Weed.
Low, wet grounds. Common throughout the State.
L. AMericanus Muhl. (L. sinuatus Ell).
Low, wet ground. Mason: near Point Pleasant.

MENTHA L.

M. spicata L. Spearmint. (M. viridis L.)

Low grounds and damp places. Frequent, even at the
higher altitudes.

M. preerita L. Peppermint.

A frequent escape along springy brooklets. Gilmer: along
Tanner’s Fork. Randolph: on Point Mountain, alt. 3,050
ft. Jackson: near Sandyville. Gilmer: near Glenville
(Mapel). Fayette: near Nuttallburg, alt. 2,000 ft. (Nuttall).
Summers: near Hinton. Preston: near Aurora (Mr. &
Mrs. Steele).

M. ARVENSIS GLABRATA (Benth.) Fernald,
Moist places. Randolph: along Gandy Creek (Greenmait

469).
WEST VIRGINIA GEOLOGICAL SURVEY 347

M. sativa L. Whorled Mint.

Monroe: banks of Greenbrier River (Nuttall).

M. Canapensis L. Wild Mint.

Wet places. Randolph: along the road up Point Moun-
tain, alt. 2,325 ft. Fayette: near Nuttallburg, rare (Nutt-
all). Tucker: near Hendricks (Greenman 243). Summers:
near Hinton.

COLLINSONIA L.

C. Canapensis L. Rich-weed. Stone-root.

Rich, damp woods. Randolph: along Staunton pike up
Riffles Creek, alt. 2,700 ft. Gilmer: near Glenville (Mapel).
Fayette: near Nuttallburg, some plants with elliptical leaves,
acute at both ends 3% in. wide by 10 inches long (Nuttall).
Monongalia: near Camp Eden. McDowell: near Elkhorn.
Preston: near Aurora (Mr. & Mrs. Steele). Tucker: rich
woods near Parsons (Greenman 319, 322).

PERILLA Ard.

P. FRUTESCENS (L.) Britton.

P.

n

Established in waste grounds, Jefferson: at Harpers Ferry
(Greene).

FRUTESCENS NANKINENSIS (Lour) Britton.

Escaped and established in waste places. Monongalia:
near Morgantown, (Millspaugh). Monroe: at Sweet Springs
(Steele).

. OCYMOIDES L. var. crispa Bth.

Waste ground. Monongalia: near Morgantown.
SOLANACEAE.
SOLANUM L.

. DutcaAMaRA L.  Bitter-sweet.

Damp places. Frequent throughout the State, but not so
much so as the next.

NickuM L. Common Nightshade.

Fields, roadsides, and cultivated grounds. Common
throughout the State.

CAROLINENSE L. Horse Nettle. ‘Radical Weed.”

Becoming a detestable weed in fields and forests. Cal-
houn: along Leading Creek. Wood: near Kanawha Station.
Wirt: near Elizabeth. Randolph: near Cricard P.O. Web-
ster: on Buffalo Bull Mountains. Nicholas: near Beaver
Mills. Gilmer: near Glenville (Mapel). Fayette: near
348

THE WEST VIRGINIA FLORA

Nuttallburg (Nuttall). Monongalia: near Ice’s Ferry.
Cabell: near Barboursville. Greenbrier: near White Sulphur
Springs. Monroe: near Alderson. Summers: near Hinton.
Kanawha: near Charleston. Mason: near Point Pleasant.
Jefferson: near Flowing Springs, and Shepherdstown. Mer-
cer: near Ingleside.

Reported as a troublesome weed from: Harrison: neat
Clarksburg, Wilsonburg, Goed Hope, Mt. Clair, and Wal-
lace. Ohio: near Elm Grove and West Liberty. Wood:
near Waverly, Belleviile, Deer Walk and Kanawha Station.
Hardy: near Moorefield and Wardensville. Grant: near
Medley and Petersburg. Jefferson: near Moore’s and Kable-
town. Summers: near Forest Hill and Talcott. Wetzel:
near Endicott, Pine Grove, New Martinsville and Blake.
Mineral: near Patterson’s Depot, and Blaine. Wirt: near
Burning Springs, Morris, Evelyn, and Reedy Ripple. Jack-
son: near Grass Lick, and Odaville. Cabell: near Union
Ridge, and Barboursville, Taylor: near Knottsville. Wayne:
near Stone Coal, and Adkin’s Mills. Doddridge: near Smith-
ton, and Center Point. Marshall: near Knoxville, and Wel-
come. Braxton: near Bulltown, and Tate Creek. Berkeley:
near Hedgesville. Mercer: near Bramwell, and New Hope.
Roane: near Looneyville, Clio, Reedy, and Peneil. Poca-
hontas: near Lobelia. Kanawha: near Blandon. Greenbrier:
near Trout Creek. McDowell: near Squire Jim. Mason:
near Maggie. Brooke: near Wellsburg. Marion: near
Mannington. Taylor: near Grafton. Upshur: near Kana-
wha, Head, Overhill, and Hemlock. Hampshire: near
Higginsville and Springfield. Tyler: near Long Reach.
Webster: near Welch Glade. Clay: near Valley Fork.
Randolph: railroad tracks at Elkins (Greenman 268). This
species and Verbesina occidentalis were the commonest
weeds throughout the southeastern counties (Morris).

S. rostrRATUM Dunal.

Waste places. Wayne: near Bowen (Rumsey).

S. TUBEROSUM Linn.

Established at the edge of a wood, Randolph: near Pick-
ens (H. H. Smith 1442).

PHYSALIS L.

PHILADELPHICA Lam.
Rich opens. Fayette: near Nuttallburg (Nwttall).
ANGULATA L. Ground Cherry.

Open rich grounds. Grant: near Bayard. Gilmer: near
Glenville (Mapel). Wood: near Kanawha Station.
WEST VIRGINIA GEOLOGICAL SURVEY 349

. PUBESCENS L.

Low grounds. Fayette: near Nuttallburg (Nuttall).
Ohio: near Wheeling (Mertz & Guttenberg). Jefferson:
near Shepherdstown. Mason: near Point Pleasant.

. VIRGINIANA Mill.

Light sandy soils. Monongalia: near Beechwoods
Jefferson: near Shepherdstown. Jackson: near Ripley
Hardy: near Moorefield (Gamble).

. viscosa L.

Low grounds. Ohio: near Wheeling (Merts & Gutten-
berg). Hardy: near Moorefield (Gamble).
. LANCEOLATA Michx.

Dry opens. Jackson: near Ripley. Wood: near Shark-
town.

. HETEROPHYLLA Nees.

Fayette: near Quinnimont on bottom lands of New River
(Pollard & Mazon 38). Preston: near Aurora (Mr. &
Mrs. Steele).

PHYSALODES Boehm. (1760).
(Nicandra, Adans, 1763).

. PHysaLones (L.) Britton. Apple-of-Peru.
Waste grounds. Lewis: near Weston. Mineral: near
Piedmont.

LYCOPERSICON Mill.

_ LYCOPERSICON (L.) Karst.
Established on the banks of Tygarts Valley River below
Huttonsville (Greenman 214).

LYCIUM EL.

. VULGARE (Ait. f.) Dun. 4fatrimony Vine.

A frequent and persistent escape. Berkeley: near Martins-
burgh. Jefferson: near Shepherdstown. Mason: banks of
the Ohio near Point Pleasant.

DATURA L.

. Stramonium L. “Jimson-weed.’’ Jamestown-weed. Stink-
weed,
Waste places. A common weed throughout the State.
. TATULA L. Purple Thorn-apple.
With the last. Common throughout the State.
350 THE WEST VIRGINIA FLORA
PETUNIA Juss.

P. viovacea Lindl.
Escaped to waste grounds. Monongalia: near Morgan-
town, common, where it persists annually. Mason: near
Point Pleasant. Jefferson: near Sheplierdstown.

SCROPHULARIACEAE.
VERBASCUM L.

V. Tuapsus L. Mullein.
Old fields and pastures. Common throughout the State.
V. Brattarta L. Moth Mullein.
Fields and waste places. Wirt: along the Little Kanawha
River. Gilmer: near Glenville (Mapel). Webster: on Tater
Knob; and Randolph: near Pickens (H. H. Smith 1505,
1547). Fayette: near Nuttallburg (Nuttall). Monongalia
and Marion, common. Grant: near Bayard. Jefferson:
near Charlestown. Berkeley: near North Mountain. Pres-
ton: near Aurora (Mr. & Mrs. Steele).
V. Lycunitis L. Yellow Moth-mullein.
Fields and wastes. Kanawha: roadside, up 8 Mile Creek
Mineral: opposite Cumberland, Md.

LINARIA Hill.

L. Lrnaria (L.) Karst. Toad Flax. ‘“Devil’s Flax.” “Wild
Flax.” “Indian Hemp.” “Impudent Lawyer.”

Fields, roadsides and waste places. Monongalia: neat
Stewartown. Jefferson: near Charlestown and Shenandoah
Junction. Jackson: near Sandyville. Berkeley: near North
Mountain. Mineral: near Piedmont and Keyser. Hardy:
near Moorefield (Gamble). This species first appeared near
near Nuttallburg in Fayette Co., this year—1895 (Nuttall).

Also reported as a weed from: Harrison: near Good
Hope. Ohio: near West Liberty. Wood: near Jerry’s Run,
Fountain Spring, Blennerhassett, and Rockport. Jefferson:
near Molers. Wetzel: near Endicott. Mineral: near Pied-
mont. Wirt: near Burning Spring, Morris and Reedy Rip-
ple. Jackson: near Lone Cedar, Garfield, and Belgrove.
Cabell: near Union Ridge. Taylor: near Thornton and
Meadland. Wayne: near Stone Coal. Marshall: near St.
Joseph. Berkeley: near Martinsburg. Greenbrier: near
White Sulphur Springs. Mason: near Grimm’s Landing
and Maggie. Upshur: near Kanawha Head and Overhill.
Tyler: near Long Reach. Webster: near Welch Glade.
WEST VIRGINIA GEOLOGICAL SURVEY 351

Preston: near Tunnelton and Terra Alta. Hancock: near
New Cumberland and Fairview. Ritchie: near Ritchie C.
H. Monroe: near Pickaway. Morgan: near Rock Gap.
Tucker: near Texas. Raleigh: near Raleigh C. H.

CYMBALARIA Medic.

. CymMBALARIA (L.) Wettst.

Thoroughly established in Harpers Ferry, Jefferson
County, and the neighborhood; where it hangs in heavy
masses from wall crevices (Greene).

SCROPHULARIA L.

. Maritanpica L.  Figwort. :

Fields and waste places. Monongalia: near Morgantown.
Fayette: near Nuttallburg (Nuttall). Greenbrier: near
White Sulphur Springs. Kanawha: near Charleston (M]ulls-
paugh). Preston: near Aurora (Mr. & Mrs. Steele).

. LEPORELLA Bicknell.

Woods and roadsides. Monongalia: quite a patch of this

species near Morgantown (Sheldon 4458).

COLLINSIA Nutt.

. VERNA Nutt.

Moist soil. Gilmer: near Glenville (J\fapel, Brown).
Ohio: on Wheeling Hill (Mertz & Guttenberg). Monon-
galia: near Cassville.

CHELONE L.

. GLABRA L. Snake Head.

Wet places. Gilmer: near Glenville (Jfapel). Fayette:
near Nuttallburg, uncommon (Nuttall). Wirt: near Burn-
ing Spring. Preston: near Aurora (Mr. & Mrs. Steele).

. OBLIQUA L.

Wet places. Randolph: along Cheat River near Cheat

Bridge. Monongalia: near Camp Eden.

PENTSTEMON Soland.

. Hirsutus (L.) Willd. Beard-tongue. (P. pubescens Sol.).

Dry or rocky places. Kanawha: near Charleston (Barnes).
Gilmer: near Glenville (Mapel). Cabell: near Barbours-
ville (James). Hardy: near Moorefield (Gamble). Hamp-
shire: near Doe’s Gully.
352 THE WEST VIRGINIA FLORA

P. CANESCENS Britton.

Slopes of Kate’s Mountain, alt. 3,300 ft., near White Sul-

phur Springs, Greenbrier Co. (Small; Eggleston 4353).
P. Dicrtatts (Sweet) Nutt.

Rich soil. Monongalia: along the Monongahela River,
frequent. Wood: near Kanawha Station. Fayette: near
Kanawha Falls (James). Hardy: near Moorefield. Hamp-
shire: near Doe’s Gully. Rich soil. Fayette: near Nuttall-
burg, in open woods (Nuttall).

MIMULUS L.

M. rtncens L. Monkey Flower.

Wet places. Upshur: along Stone Coal Creek. Fayette:
near Kanawha Falls (James); near Nuttallburg (Nuttall).
Randolph: along Tygarts Valley River. Frequent through-
out the State.

M. avatus Soland. Winged Monkey Flower.

Wet places. Greenbrier: near White Sulphur Springs

Putnam: near Buffalo.

GRATIOLA L.

G. Viretntana L. Gratiola.
Ditches. Common throughout the State.
G. SPHAEROCARPA Ell.
Damp places. Fayette: near Nuttallburg, on mossy banks
in bed of creek (Nuttall).

ILYSANTHES Rat.

I. pupia (L.) Barnhart. False Pimpernel. (J. gratioloides Bth.).
Wet places. Fayette: near Kanawha Falls (Jamies).
Along Little Kanawha River (Mertz & Guttenberg). Pres-
ton: near Aurora (Mr. & Mrs. Steele). Kanawha: at the
salinas (Holton).

VERONICA L.

V. ANAGALLIS AQUATICA L. Water Speedwell.
Banks and ditches. Fayette: near Kanawha Falls (James).
V. Americana Schw. American Brooklime. ‘“Wallink.”
Brooks and ditches. Monongalia: the Flats near Morgan-
town. Randolph: on Point Mountain, alt. 3,050 ft. (where
it is called ‘“Wallink,” and is used internally to bring out
rashes) (Millspaugh) ; in Blister Swamp (Greenman 277).
Webster: near Addison, alt. 2,000 ft. Mercer: near Beaver
Springs.
Ve

WEST VIRGINIA GEOLOGICAL SURVEY 353

. OFFICINALIS L. Speedwell. “Gypsy Weed.”

Rich, deep woods and opens. Randolph: on Rich Moun-
tains. Gilmer: near Glenville (Mapel). Kanawha: near
Charleston (James). Favette: near Nuttallburg (Nuttall).
Tucker: dry mountain road near Parsons (Greeninan 239).
Monongalia: along Decker’s Creek. Greenbrier: near
White Sulphur Springs; and frequent throughout the State.
Mercer: near Beaver Spr., and Bluefield.

. SERPYLLIFOLIA L. Thyme-leaved Speedwell.

Roadsides, fields and lawns. Monongalia: near Morgan-
town. Gilmer: near Glenville (Mapcl). Fayette: near
Nuttallburg (Nuttall). Ohio: near Wheeling (Mertz &
Guttenberg). Mercer: near Bluefield.

. PEREGRINA L. Neck Weed. Purslane Speedwell.

Waste places. Monongalia: near Morgantown. Fayette:
near Nuttallburg (Nuttall). Ohio: Thomas Hill, near
Wheeling (Alerts & Guttenberg).

ARVENSIS L. Corn Speedwell.

Cultivated grounds. Gilmer: near Glenville (Afapel).
Ohio: Thomas Hill, near Wheeling (Mferte & Guttenberg).
Fayette: near Nuttallburg (Nuttall).

LEPTANDRA Nutt.
Virotnica (L.) Nutt. Culver’s Physic. (Veronica L.).
Rich woods and borders. Webster: Long Glade. Jack-
son: near Sandyville. Fayette: near Nuttallbure (Nuttall).

DASYSTOMA Raf.

. Pepicucaria (L.) Bth. (Gerardia L.).

Hardy: near Moorefield (Gamble). Fayette: near Nutt-
allburg (Nuttall).

. Vircinica (L.) Britten, Oak-leaved Gerardia. (G. querci-

folia Pursh.)
Open woods. Fayette: near Nuttallburg (Nuttall).

. FLAVA (L.) Wood. False Foxglove. (Gerardia L.).

Open woods. Wood: near Leachtown. Fayette: near
Kanawha Falls and Hawk’s Nest (James) ; near Nuttallburg
(Nuttall). Gilmer: near Glenville (Mapel). Uardy: near
Moorefield (Gamble).

. LAEVIGATA Raf. (Gerardia Raf.).

Oak woods. Fayette: near Nuttallburg, alt. 2,000 ft.
(Nuttall). Preston: near Aurora (Mr. & Mrs. Steele).
354 THE WEST VIRGINIA FLORA
DIGITALIS Linn.

D. purPuREA Linn. Foxglove.

Thoroughly established in open woods, near Pickens, Ran-
dolph County (H. H. Smith 1236).

GERARDIA L,

G. TENUIFOLIA Vahl. Slender Gerardia.

Dry soil. Mineral: near Keyser (Workman). Fayette:
near Nuttallburg, alt. 2,000 ft. (Nuttall). Randolph: near
Elkins.

G. AURICULATA Michx.

Fields. Monongalia: near Little Falls, with pure white
flowers.

G. PAUPERCULA (Gray) Britton.
Damp situations. Fayette: near Hawk’s Nest (Holton).

BUCHNERA L.

B. Americana L. Blue Hearts.
Moist, sandy ground. Putnam: near Buffalo.

CASTILLEJA Mutis.

C. coccinea (L.) Spreng. Painted Cup.

Sandy soils. Monongalia: along the Monongahela at
Uffington, and below Morgantown. Randolph: near Valley
Head. Preston: near Terra Alta. Hampshire: near Rom-
ney.

PEDICULARIS L.

P. Canavensis L. Louse-wort.

Copses, woods and banks. Preston: near Terra Alta.
Fayette: near Nuttallburg (Nuttall). Gilmer: near Glen-
ville (Mapel). Greenbrier: near White Sulphur Springs.
Summers: near Hinton. McDowell: near Elkhorn. Upshur:
near Buckhannon (Pollock).

MELAMPYRUM L.

M. tiIncARE Lam. Cow-wheat. (M. Americanum Michx.)
Rich, open woods. Preston: near Terra Alta.
WEST VIRGINIA GEOLOGICAL SURVEY 355
LENTIBULARIACEAE.
UTRICULARIA Linn.

U. cornuta Michx. Bladderwort.
Bogs and borders of ponds. Pocahontas: Big Glade
(Sheldon) ; Cranberry Glades (E. A. Brooks).
U. BrrLors Lam.
Hardy: in a small bog near Moorefield (4. B. Brooks).

OROBANCHACEAE.

LEPTAMNIUM Raf. (1818).
(Epifagus Nutt, 1818.)

L. Vircintanum (L.) Raf. Beech-drops. Cancer-root.
Parasitic upon the roots of the beech. Wirt: near Eliza-
beth. Gilmer: near Glenville (Mapel). Fayette: near Nutt-
allburg (Nuttall). Monongalia: near Morgantown. Ran-
dolph: near Pickens (H. H. Smith). Preston: near Aurora
(Mr. & Mrs. Steele). Tucker: moist woods near Parsons
(Greenman 261).

CONOPHOLIS Wallr.

C. Americana (L. f.) Wallr. Cancer Root.

Oak woods. Among fallen leaves. Ohio: near Wheeling
(Mertz 1838). Monongalia: along Decker’s Creek and near
Little Falls. Gilmer: near Glenville (Mapel). Fayette:
near Nuttallburg (Nuttall). McDowell: near Elkhorn.
Mercer: near Bluefield. Summers:.near Hinton (Eggleston

5569).

THALESIA Raf. 1818).
(Aphyllon A. Gray 1848.)
T. untrLora (L.) Britton. One-flowered Cancer-root.
Damp woodlands and opens. Monongalia: near Morgan-

town. Wirt: near Elizabeth. Gilmer: near Glenville
(Mapel). Fayette: near Nuttallbure (Nuttall).

BIGNONIACEAE.

TECOMA Juss.

T. rapicans (L.) DC. Trumpet-Creeper.
Moist soil. Monongalia: near Little Falls. Marion: near
356

THE WEST VIRGINIA FLORA

Fairmont. Fayette: near Nuttallburg (Nuttall). Webster:
Hacker Valley (H. H. Smith 1647). Summers: near Hin-
ton. Mason: near Point Pleasant; and frequent throughout
the State.

BIGNONIA L.

CRUCIGERA Linn. (B. capreolata Linn.)

Kanawha Co., rich soil between Cannelton and Browns-
town, where it grows luxuriantly along the banks of the
Great Kanawha River. Its evergreen foliage makes it a
conspicuous feature of the winter landscape (Boutlou).
Randolph: near Pickens.

CATALPA Scop.

CataLtpa (L.) Karst. Indian Bean Tree. “Catawba.”
(C. bignomoides Walt.).

River banks. Marion: near Catawba, a place named after
this tree, which would render it apparent that the tree was
native here, which I hold to be true. Wood: near Leach-
town. Gilmer: near DeKalb and along Leading Creek.
Monongalia: near Ice’s Ferry and Stewartown. Wirt: near
Elizabeth. Upshur: along Big Sandy Run, alt. 1,827 ft.
Mason: near Point Pleasant. Webster: near Pugh (H. H.
Smith 1660).

sPpecIosA Warder.

Mason Co., banks of the Ohio River, near Point Pleasant.
ACANTHACEAE.
RUELLIA L.

cILIosA Pursh.

Margins of woods. Wood: near Leachtown. Wirt: near
Elizabeth. Calhoun: near Grantsville. Gilmer: near DeKalb.
Lewis: along Stone Coal Creek. Upshur: near Laurentz.
Nicholas: along the Gauley River. Kanawha: near Can-
nelton.

DIANTHERA L.

AMERICANA L. Water Willow.

In streams. Ohio: near Wheeling (Michaux). Common
throughout the State.
WEST VIRGINIA GEOLOGICAL SURVEY 357
PHRYMACEAE.
PHRYMA L.

P. LeprostacHya L. Lop-seed.

Rich open woods. Greenbrier: near White Sulphur
Springs. Fayette: near Kanawha Falls (James) ; near Nutt-
allburg (Nuttall). Kanawha: near Charleston. Mason:
near Point Pleasant. Webster: at Pugh (H. H. Simith
1653). Preston: near Aurora (Mr. & Mrs. Steele); and
frequent throughout the State. .

PLANTAGINACEAE.
PLANTAGO L.

P. major L. Plantain.
Waste ground. Ohio: near Wheeling (Mertz & Gutten-
berg). Fayette: Nuttallburg (Nuttall). Monongalia: Mor-
gantown.

P. Rucetmu Decne. Common Plantain.
Common throughout the State, near dwellings.

P. vranceotata L. “Buck Plantain.” “Ripple.” ‘Buck-horn
Plantain.”

Becoming a common weed throughout the State; very
little as yet however in Jefferson, Berkeley and Morgan
counties. Greenbrier: near White Sulphur Springs. Fay-
ette: near Nuttallburg (Nuttall). Mercer: near Princeton.

P. Vireinica L. White Plantain.

Sandy soils. Fayette: near Nuttallburg (Nuttall). Mon-
ongalia: near Morgantown; and frequent throughout the
State. Hardy: near Moorefield.

P. artstata Michx.

Dry meadows near Bargers Spring, Summers County, alt.
1,500 ft., July 13, 1900 (Aorris 983). Marion: near Farm-
ington (Boutlow). Monongalia: found, in 1912, near Mor-
gantown (Sheldon 4459). Wirt: near Newark (Hoff).

RUBIACEAE.
HOUSTONIA L.

H. coeruLEA L. Bluets. Innocents.
Moist fields. Monongalia: Marion: Preston: Wood:
Wirt: Calhoun: Lewis: and Upshur. Gilmer: near Glen-
ville (Brown; Mapel). Kanawha (James). Mineral: Jef-
358 THE WEST VIRGINIA FLORA

ferson: Berkeley: and Morgan. Fayette: near Nuttallburg
(Nuttall). Hardy: near Moorefield (Gamble).
Forma ALBIFLORA Millsp. Prel. Cat. Fl. W. Va., 375.

Grassy places, Permian formations. Monongalia: near
Cassville.

H. SERPYLLIFOLIA Michx.

Rocky places. Tucker: rocks below the falls of Black-
water. Monongalia: on rocks in Tibb’s Run. Fayette:
near Nuttallburg (Nuttall).

H. purpurea L.

Wooded opens. Gilmer: near Glenville (Mapel). Fay-
ette: near Nuttallburg (Nuttall) ; Kanawha Falls (James).
Hampshire: near Romney. Greenbrier: near White Sulphur
Springs. Summers: near Hinton. Monongalia: near Ice’s
Ferry (Millspaugh). Randolph: near Cheat Bridge (Shel-
don 2634). 2

Var. caLycosa Gray.
Greenbrier: near White Sulphur Springs.
H. ciriorata Torr.

Monongalia: near Morgantown. Fayette: near Nuttall-

burg (Nuttall). Greenbrier: near White Sulphur Springs.
H. Loncrrotia Gaertn.

Dry soils, the most common form of the species. Wood:
near Lockhart’s Run. Wirt: near Burning Springs. Cal-
houn: near Grantsville. Gilmer: near DeKalb. Lewis: up
Stone Coal Creek. Upshur: near Buckhannon. Randolph:
near Cricard P. O. Cabell: near Barboursville (James).
Fayette: near Nuttallburg (Nuttall). Mercer: near Blue-
field. Jefferson: at Harpers Ferry (Greene).

H. TenvurroLia Nutt.
Greenbrier: near White Sulphur Springs (Millspaugh).

CEPHALANTHUS L.

C. occipentTaLis L. Button-bush.

Along streams. Monongalia: along the Monongahela and
Cheat Rivers. Preston: general in the glades and along
streams. Grant: near Bayard. Randolph: along Tygart’s
Valley River; near Cheat Bridge. Fayette: near Nuttall-
burg (Nuttall); near Kanawha Falls (James). Monroe:
near Alderson. Summers: near Riffe and Hinton. Bar-
bour: near Tygart Junction (Greenman 226).

MITCHELLA L.

M. repens L. Partridge-berry.
Rich woods. under evergreens. Upshur: Sand Creek.
WEST VIRGINIA GEOLOGICAL SURVEY 359

Grant: near Bayard. Tucker: along Blackwater. Mineral:
Knobby Mts. (Workman). Randolph: along Cheat River.
Gilmer: near Glenville (Mapel). Fayette: near Nuttallburg
(Nuttall). Kanawha: near Coalburg (James).

DIODIA L.

. TERES Walt. Button-weed.

Sandy- river banks. Ohio: along Bogg’s Run, near
Wheeling (Mertz & Guttenberg). Preston: banks of Cheat
River. Fayette: near Nuttallburg, rare (Nuttall).

SHERARDIA Linn.

. ARVENSIS Linn.
A single plant found, in 1908, on the lawn of the Experi-
ment Station at Morgantown (Sheldon 3251).

GALIUM L.

. APARINE L. Goose-grass. Cleavers.
Shaded places. Frequent throughout the State.
. PILOSUM Ait.

Dry copses. Fayette: near Nuttallburg (Nuttall) ; near
Kanawha Falls (James). Kanawha: near Coalburg (James).
Monongalia: near Little Falls and Uffington; near Camp
Eden. Pocahontas: rocky hillsides near Travelers Repose
(Greenman 310).

. CLAYTONI Michx.

Swampy places. Randolph: near Pickens (H. H. Smith
1404); near Read, and Pocahontas: near Durbin (Green-
man 307, 289).

. CIRCAEZANS Michx. Wild Liquorice.

Rich woods. Wood: near Lockhart’s Run. Monongalia:
Rich woods near Morgantown; Ice’s Ferry and Camp Eden.
Fayette: near Nuttallburg (Nuttall). Upshur: near Buck-
hannon (Pollock).

. LANCEOLATUM Torr.

Dry woods. Monongalia: near Morgantown. Ohio: near
Wheeling (Mertz & Guttenberg). Fayette: near Nuttall-
burg (Nuttall).

. TRIFLORUM Michx. Sweet-scented Bedstraw.

Rich woodlands. Lewis: along Leading Creek. Upshur:
near Lorentz. Webster: along Buffalo Bull range. Monon-
galia: near Morgantown. Fayette: near Nuttallburg (Nutt-
all). Preston: near Aurora (Mr. & Mrs. Steele). Tucker:
rich woods near Parsons (Greenman 315).
360 THE WEST VIRGINIA FLORA

G. LatTIFoLIUM Michx.

Fayette: near Nuttallburg, uncommon (Nuttall). Pres-
ton: near Rowlesburg (Mertz & Guttenberg). Pocahontas:
near Durbin (Greenman 312). Webster: in Long Glade
(Millspaugh). Randolph: near Pickens (H. H. Smith 1552).

. TRIFIDUM L. Small Bedstraw.

Low, wet grounds. Monongalia, Lewis, Upshur, Gilmer,
Calhoun, Wirt, Wood, and Webster: Long Glade. Fayette:
near Nuttallburg (Nuttall). Preston: near Aurora (Mr. &
Mrs. Steele).

G. concinnum Torr. & Gray.

Low, wet grounds. Wood: near Kanawha Station. Wirt:
near Elizabeth. Lewis: along Leading Creek. Randolph:
near Valley Bend.

G, ASPRELLUM Michx. Rough Bedstraw.

Alluvial bottoms. Monongalia: along the Monongahela
River. Greenbrier: near White Sulphur Springs (Mertz &
Guttenberg). Preston: near Aurora (Mr. & Mrs. Steele)
Randolph: along Gandy Creek (Greenman 308).

CAPRIFOLIACEAE.
SAMBUCUS L.

S. CanapEensis L. Common Elder.

Rich soils; common in bottoms and along fences through-
out the State; even in the pine and spruce forests of the
higher mountains; alt. on Point Mountain 3,050 ft.

S. puBENS Michx. Red-berried Elder. (S. racemosus L.).

Deep, rich mountain woods, near rivulets. Abundant in
Randolph, Grant and Tucker Counties. Fayette: near Nutt-
allburg (Nuttall).

Forma aLsicocca Britton.

With the species rare. Randolph: on Point Mountain.

Graut: near Bayard.

VIBURNUM L.

VY. ALniroLium Marsh. Michx. Hobble-bush. (V. Jantanoides
Michx.).

Cold, rich ravines. Randolph: near the summit of Point
Mountain (Millspaugh) ; near Pickens (H. H. Sitith 1537).
Preston: near Aurora (Mr. & Mrs. Steele). Grant: near
Bayard. Tucker: along the Blackwater.

V. ACERIFOLIUM L. Arrow Wood. Dockmackie.

Cool, rocky woods. Throughout the mountains of the

eastern counties. Randolph: near Glady (Greenman 286).
WEST VIRGINIA GEOLOGICAL SURVEY 361

Preston and Monongalia: along Cheat River. Gilmer: near
Glenville ( Mapel). Mineral: near Keyser (Workinan).
Fayette: near Nuttallburg (Nuttall). Grant: near Bayard.
. DENTATUM L. Arrow-wood.

Wet places or damp thickets. Upshur: near the Summit
on Staunton Pike. Fayette: near Nuttallburg, rare (Nuttall).
. NuDUM L.

Rich woods. Randolph: at Ford’s, near the Middle Fork
River. Webster: Upper Glade.

. Lentaco L. Sweet Viburnum. Sheep-berry.

Rich banks of streams. Randolph: on Point Mountain,
alt. 3,660 ft. Upshur: near Buckhannon (Pollock).
. OpuLcus AMERiIcANUM (Mill) Ait.

In woodlands and along streams. Tucker: Canaan Val-
ley (Brooks).
. CASSINOIDES L.

In wet soil. Webster: along the Gauley River. Pendle-
ton: along Big Run. Monongalia: along Deckers Creek
(Brooks) ; near Tibbs Run (Sheldon 623). Preston: near
Aurora (Mr. & Mrs. Steele) ; near Cranesville and Mason-
town (Sheldon 1457, 4111). Upshur: near Buckhannon
(Pollock).

. PRUNIFOLIUM L. Black Haw. Nanny-berry.

Copses and edges of woods. Wirt: near Burning Springs.
Mineral: near Keyser (Workman). Gilmer: near Glen-
ville (Afapel, Brown). Monongalia: near Morgantown
(Grose). Fayette: near Nuttallbure (Nuttall). Upshur:
near Buckhannon (Pollock). Summers: near Hinton.

TRIOSTEUM L.

. PERFOLI\TUM L. Tinker’s Weed. Wild Coffee.

Rich borders, infrequent. Randolph: Cheat Mountains,
alt. 4,600 ft. Gilmer: near Glénville (Mapel). Pocahontas:
roadside near Travelers Repose (Greenman 152). Fayette:
near Nuttallburg (Nuttall). Hardy: near Moorefield (Gam-
ble). Mercer: near Princeton.

LINNAEA Linn.

. AMERICANA Forbes.

In cold woods. Randolph: at Big Sinks, in a sphagnum
bog near Osceola, alt. 4,000 ft. (4. B. Brooks).
362 THE WEST VIRGINIA FLORA

SYMPHORICARPOS Juss.

S. SympHoricarpos (L.) MacM. (S. orbiculata Moench.).

Dry places. Nicholas: near Peter Creek. Fayette: near
Nuttallburg, alt. 2,000 ft. (Nuttall).

LONICERA L.,

. bioicA L. Smooth Honeysuckle. (L. glauca Hill.)
Rocky soils. Monongalia: near Morgantown.
. Japonica Thunb.

Escaped from cultivation. Mason: banks of the Ohio
near Point Pleasant. Jefferson: near Shepherdstown. ‘Tay-
lor: near Grafton.

. CANADENSIS Marsh.
In moist woods. Pendleton: on Spruce Knob (Brooks).
. SEMPERVIRENS Linn.

Monongalia: near Morgantown in a pasture east of
Dorsey School House, probably an established escape (Shel-

don 3589).
DIERVILLA Moench.

. Drervitta (L.) Mach. Bush Honeysuckle. (D. trifida
Moench.)

Thickets. Monongalia: near Morgantown, along Deckers
Creek. Pendleton: on Spruce Mountain (Brooks).

VALERIANACEAE.
VALERIANA L.

. PAUCIFLORA Michx. Valerian.

Fields and open woods. Ohio: near Moundsville (Mertz
& Guttenberg); Bethany (Richardson). Hancock: neat
Fairview (Hill).

VALERIANELLA Poll.

. CHENOPODIFOLIA (Pursh) DC.?

Monongalia: in woods along Deckers Creek near Marilla
(Sheldon 357). The specimen is too young for positive set-
tlement of the species.
WEST VIRGINIA GEOLOGICAL SURVEY 363
DIPSACACEAE.
DIPSACUS L.

D. syLvestris Huds. Teasel. “Water Thistle.” Huttonweed.”
Roadsides and waste places. Wirt: near Burning Springs
and Elizabeth. Marion: near Worthington; near Fairmont
and Houghton in great quantity. Webster: Buffalo Bull
Mountains, alt. 2,100 ft. Fayette: near Crescent; near Nutt-
allburg (Nuttall). Kanawha: along the Kanawha and
Pocataligo Rivers. Jackson: along Allen’s Fork. Gilmer:
near Glenville (Mapel). Jefferson: near Flowing Spring
and Shenandoah Jc. Randolph: Cheat Mountains near Cheat
Bridge, alt. 2,700 ft.; near Huttonsville. Greenbrier: near
White Sulphur Springs, near Fort Spring. Monroe: near
Alderson. Summers: near Hinton. Monongalia: along
Deckers Creek. Harrison: near Lumberport. Mineral:
opposite Cumberland. Berkeley: near Martinsburg. Hardy:
near Moorefield. Mercer: near Ingleside, and Ada.

CUCURBITACEAE:

CUCURBITA L.

C. ovIFERA L. Gourd.
Escaped to waste grounds. Monongalia: about Morgan-
town. Jefferson: near Shepherdstown.

CITRULLUS L.

C. cirruLLus (L.) Karst. Watermelon. (C. vulgaris Schrad.).
Escaped to waste grounds. Mason: banks of the Ohio
near Point Pleasant.

CUCUMIS L.

C. Meto L. Musk Melon.
Escaped to waste grounds. Mason: banks of the Ohio
near Point Pleasant. Monongalia: waste grounds, near Mor-
gantown.

MICRAMPELIS Raf.

M. Lopata (Michx.) Greene. (M. echinata Raf.).
Escaped from gardens, where it is frequently grown as a
vine for fences and rock work ornamentation.
304. THE WEST VIRGINIA FLORA
SICYOS L.

S. ancuLatus L. Star Cucumber.
Damp places. Monongalia: along Deckers Creek; near
Easton. Fayette: near Nuttallburg (Nuttall). Preston:
near Aurora (Mr. & Mrs. Steele).

CAMPANULATEAER,
= CAMPANULA L.

C. rotunpiFoLiA L. Harebell.

Moist rocks. Mineral: along the Potomac, near Keyser
(Workman). Gilmer: near Glenville (Mapel). Tucker:
along the Blackwater.

C. APARINOIDES Pursh. Marsh Bellflower.
Wet meadows. Preston: near Terra Alta.
C. Americana L. Tall Bellflower.

Rich woods, or even on dry rocks. Monongalia: near Ice’s
Ferry. Wood, Wirt and Calhoun counties, general. Gilmer:
near Glenville (Mapel, Brown). Lewis, and Upshur. Ran-
dolph: near Cheat Bridge, alt. 3,650 ft., with wands 4-6 ft.
high. Webster: in the glade region. Fayette: near Nuttall.
burg (Nuttall) ; along Loup Creek (James). Kanawha and
Jackson: general. Greenbrier: near White Sulphur Springs.
Summers: near Hinton. Marion: near Worthington, and
near Fairmont. Preston: near Aurora (Mr. & Mrs. Steele).

C. pivaricaTA Michx.

Dry banks. Summers: near Talcott. Greenbrier: near
White Sulphur Springs. “Millspaugh & Nuttall mention ‘the
rare Campanula divaricata Mx.’ If the southern counties are
to be taken into consideration in rating the occurrence of
species in the State, then this species can not be accounted
‘rare’ for the more rocky hillsides throughout are heavily
blue-dotted in the Summer with its delicate panicles.”
(Morris).

LOBELIA L.

L. carDINALIs L. Cardinal Flower.

Low grounds, and low banks of streams. Nicholas:
Collett’s Glade. Gilmer: near Glenville (Mapel, Brown).
Randolph: near Cricard P. O. Greenbrier: near White Sul-
phur Springs. Summers: near Talcott, and Hinton. Kana-
wha: near Kanawha City. Mason: near Brighton. Frequent
throughout the State. Hardy: near Moorefield (Gamble).
Preston: near Aurora (Mr. & Mrs. Steele).
WEST VIRGINIA GEOLOGICAL SURVEY 305

L. sypuititica L. Great Blue Lobelia.

Low, wet grounds. Randolph: near Elkins, and along the
valley of Tygart’s. Gilmer: near Glenville (Mapel). Fay-
ette: near Nuttallburg. Greenbrier: near White Sulphur
Springs. Monongalia: near Morgantown. Summers: near
Hinton. Jefferson: near Shepherdstown. Hardy: near
Moorefield (Gamble). Preston: near Aurora (Mr. & Mrs.
Steele).

forma ALBIFLORA Britton.
With the species. Randolph: near Huttonsville, frequent.
L. PUBERULA Michx.

Low grounds. Fayette: near Nuttallburg (Nuttall)
Monongalia: near Morgantown (Millspaugh) ; near Burnt
House (Sheldon 4250).

L. AMOENA Michx. var. GLANDULIFERA Gray.

Swampy spots. Fayette: near Nuttallburg, alt. 2,000 ft.,
rare. (Nuttall).

L. reprostacHys A. DC.

Sandy soil. Wood: near Leachtown. Summers: near
Hinton.

L. spicata Lam.

Sandy hillsides. Monongalia: near Ice’s Ferry, and above
Camp Eden. Upshur: near Buckhannon (Millspaugh, Pol-
lock).

Var. PARVIFLORA Gray.
Wet places. Gilmer: near Glenville (Mapel).
L. inFLata L. Indian Tobacco. Lobelia.

Dry soils. Common throughout the State.

Var. SIMPLEX (Raf.) Millsp. Prel. Cat. Fl. W. Va., 398.

Dry places. Randolph: near Cricard P. O. Characters of
the species, but simple stemmed.

Having noted that this form perpetuated itself at one
station in New York State, near Binghamton, for five years,
I have decided that it is a true variety. Approaching the
question from another point of view: I worked over a field
near Morgantown this season, examining 783 small plants of
L. inflata, many of which were not over four inches high,
without firiding a single simple-stemmed plant among them
At the station above named, as well as that in New York,
there was a goodly amount of the variety, with none of the
species in the immediate neighborhood.

SPECULARIA Heist.

S. PERFOLIATA (L.) A. DC. Venus’ Looking-glass.
Dry soils. Monongalia: near Morgantown. Upshur:
near Buckhannon. Gilmer: near Glenville (Mapel). Fay-
366 THE WEST VIRGINIA FLORA x

ette: near Nuttallburge (Nuttall). Hardy: near Moorefield
(Gamble). Randolph: near Pickens (H. H. Smith 1363).

CICHORIACEAE.
(Compositae.)

ADOPOGON Neck. (1790).
(Krigia, Schreb. 1791.)

A. Danvetion (L.) Kuntze. Dwarf Dandelion.
Kanawha: near Charleston (?) (James).
A. Vircinicum (L.) Kuntze. (A. amplexicaulis Kuntze.)
Moist woods and opens. Monongalia: near Morgantown.
Wood: near Lockhart’s Run, becoming a bad weed (Hop-
kins).

HYPOCHAERIS Linn.

H. rapicata Linn.
Established at Morgantown, Monongalia County (Shel-
don).

CICHORIUM L.

C. Intysus L. Chicory.
Fields. Jefferson: two stations near Shepherdstown.
Greenbrier: near White Sulphur Springs (Mertz & Gutten-
berg).

TRAGOPOGON L.

T. porrirotius L. Salsify. Oyster-plant.
Waste grounds. Morgan: near No. 12 Water Tank.

CHONDRILLA L.

C. yunceA L. “Naked-weed.” “Skeleton-weed.”

Fields and roadsides. Hampshire: near Bloomery, where
the name Naked-weed has been given it on account of the
minuteness of the leaves. Jefferson: near Summit, where
it is called Skeleton-weed, for the same reason; near Charles-
town. Berkeley: near Martinsburg (Millspaugh); near
Bunkerhill (Sheldon 1983).

TARAXACUM Haller.

T. Taraxacum (L.) Karst. Dandelion. (T. officinale Web.).
All situations. Frequent throughout the State.
WEST VIRGINIA GEOLOGICAL SURVEY 367

T. ERYTHROSPERMUM Andrz.
Greenbrier: near White Sulphur Springs (Eggleston
4335). Monongalia: common about Morgantown; and vari-
ous places in Preston County (Sheldon).

SONCHUS L.

S. oLERAcEUS L. Sow-thistle.

a grounds. Ohio: near Wheeling (Mertz & Gutten-
berg).

S. ASPER (L.) All. Spiny leaved Sow-thistle.

Roadsides and wastes. Monongalia: near Morgantown.
Marion: near Fairmont. Hampshire: near Slanesville. Wet-
zel: near Littleton. Lewis: near Vadis. Cabell: near Union
Ridge. Mercer: near Concord Church. Fayette: near
Nuttallburge (Nuttall). Doddridge: near Smithton. Ohio:
near Wheeling (Alerts 1632). Webster: at Tater Knob (H.
A. Smith 1524).

LACTUCA L.

L. Scartota L. Prickly Lettuce.

Fields. Monongalia: near Laurel Point, where it has
become a troublesome weed.

L. Canapensis L. Wild Lettuce. Horse-weed. ‘Devil-weed.”

Meadows and fence-rows. Common throughout the State.

L. SAGITTIFOLIA Ell. ‘“‘Devil’s Iron-weed.” (Li integrifolia Gr.
Man.)

Fields and roadsides. Monongalia: near Morgantown.
Mason: near Point Pleasant. Fayette: near Nuttallburg
(Nuttall). Webster: near Tater Knob (H. H. Smith 1525).
Jackson: near Douglas. Preston: near Aurora (Afr. & Mrs.
Steele).

L. Hirsuta Muhl.

Dry open mountain sides. Fayette: near Nuttallburg
(Nuttall).

L. spicata (Lam.) Hitch (L. leucophaea A. Gray.)

Low woodlands. Fayette: near Nuttallburg (Nuttall).
Monroe: near Alderson. Ohio: near Wheeling (Jlertz
1630). Preston: near Aurora (Mr. & Ars. Steele).

L. viLLosa Jacq. ((Wulgedium acuminatum DC.)

Borders. Fayette: near Nuttallburg (Nuttall). Monroe:
near Alderson. Preston: near Terra Alta.

L. Frorrpana (L.) Gaertn.

Open banks and borders of woods. Fayette: near Nuttall-

burg (Nuttall).
368

Hi.

A;

N.

THE WEST VIRGINIA FLORA

CREPIS Linn,

CAPILLARIS (L.) Wallr.
Established near Morgantown, Monongalia County, 1808
(Sheldon 3317).

HIERACIUM L.

. CANADENSE Michx. Hawkweed.

Dry woods. Webster: near Upper Glade.

. PANICULATUM L.

Moist grounds. Preston: near Cranberry Summit (Mertz
& Guttenberg) ; near Aurora (Mr. & Mrs. Steele). Fayette:
near Nuttallburg (Nuttall).

. VENOSUM L. Rattlesnake-weed.

Openings, and edges of dry woods. Frequent throughout
the State.

. SCABRUM Michx.

Dry open woods. Fayette: near Nuttallburg (Nuttall).
Monongalia: along Decker’s Creek. Preston: near Terra
Alta (Millspaugh) ; near Aurora (Mr. & Mrs. Steele).

. ALLEGHANIENSE Britton. Manual 2nd edit. 905. (1905).

Stem rough-hairy below, glabrous or nearly so above,
about 6.5dm. tall. Lower and middle stem-leaves oblanceo-
late, 1-1.5dm. long, 3cm. wide or more, obtuse, cuspidate,
tapering into narrowly margined pubescent petioles, thin,
pale and pubescent along the midvein beneath, green above,
with a few very distant minute glandular teeth; upper leaves
oblong to oblong-lanceolate, acute, narrowed to a sessile
base; inflorescense paniculate, its branches filiform, glandu-
lar; heads rather numerous: involucre about 7nim. high, its
bracts linear-lanceolate, sparingly glandular, a iittle shorter
than the brown pappus: young achenes truncate.

Preston: in the Alleghany Mountains near Aurora, August
29, 1898 (Mr. & Mrs. Steele).

Gronovit L.

Dry soils. Fayette: near Nuttallburg, alt. 2,000 ft. (Nutt-
all). Upshur: summit on Staunton Pike. ,
LONGIPILUM Torr.

Dry situations. Monongalia: Decker’s Creek, near Mor-
gantown. Fayette: near Kanawha Falls, and Hawk’s Nest
(James).

NABALUS Cass.

ALTISSIMUS (L.) Hook. (Prenanthes L.)
Rich moist woods. Fayette: near Nuttallburg (Nuttall).
Preston: near Aurora (Mr. & Mrs. Steele).
WEST VIRGINIA GEOLOGICAL SURVEY 369

N. acsus (L.) Hook. (Prenanthes L.)
Open woods. Hardy: near Moorefield (Gamble). Pres-
ton: near Aurora (Mr. & Mrs. Steele),

N. sERPENTARIUS (Pursh). Hook. Gall-of-the-Earth. (Prenan-
thes Pursh.) ;

Sandy woods. Randolph: near Cheat Bridge, alt. 3,550 ft.
Summers: near Hinton. Marion: near Catawba. Fayette:
near Nuttallburg (Nuttall).

AMBROSIACEAE.
(Compositae.)

AMBROSIA L.

A. TRiripA L. Great Rag-weed.
Moist places. Common or abundant throughout the State.
Var. INTEGRIFOLIA (Muhl.) T. & G.

With the species, uncommon. Monongalia: near Morgan-
town. Wood: near Parkersburg. Fayette: near Nuttall-
burg (Nuttall). Berkeley: near Martinsburg.

A. ARTEMISIAEFOLIA L. Rag-weed.
Fields and roadsides. Abundant throughout the State.
A. BIDENTATA Michx.

Meadows. Hardy: near Moorefield (A. B. Brooks). This

extends the distribution of this species eastward from Illinois.

XANTHIUM L.

X. COMMUNE Britton.

Dry situations. Tucker: along the Blackwater River

near Hendricks (Greenman 537).
X. sprnosum L. Spiny Clotbur.

Waste lands along rivers. Kanawha: at Stockton’s.
Mineral: near Piedmont. Jefferson: near Shepherdstown.
Wood: near Parkersburg. Berkeley: near Martinsburg.
Mineral: opposite Cumberland, Md. (Small).

X. GLaBRratuM (DC) Britton. Clotbur. Cockle-bur. (X. Stru-
marium of Flora.)

Low waste grounds. Monongalia, Marion and Gilmer
counties. Wood: near Parkersburg. Lewis: near Weston.
Jefferson: near Shepherdstown.

X. CANADENSE Mill.
Low waste grounds. Common throughout the State.
370 THE WEST VIRGINIA FLORA

CARDUACEAE.
(Compositae.)

VERNONIA Schreb.

V. GIGANTEA (Walt.) Britton. Iron-weed. (V. altissima Nutt).
Low grounds. A frequent weed throughout the northern,
central and western portions of the State. Fayette: near
Nuttallburg (Nuttall).
V. MAXIMA Small.

Moist river bottom. Monongalia :near Morgantown (Miills-
paugh 677).

V. MAXIMA PUBESCENS Morris, Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash., 15:25.
(1901).

In gross characters like the species. Reaching 10° or over,
more or less pubescent. Leaves thin, lanceolate, acuminate.
the upper finely, the lower sharply doubly serrate, 3'-12’ long,
¥4'-214' wide, finely pubescent below, somewhat co above; in-
florenscence open, its branches rather erect, the peduncles
bracteate for 2"-5” below the heads; the heads long-peduncled
or the centre ones nearly sessile; the bracts greenish purple,
acute to short-acuminate, ciliate, erect; corollas light to dark
pink, not purple; otherwise as in the species.

Collected among plants of the species along Hound Creek,
below Baileysville, Wyoming County, alt. 1,100-1,200 ft,
August 20, 1900 (Morris, 1274). Type specimen is deposit-
ed in the U. S. National Herbarium.

Through a misapprehension of the case the subspecies pub-
escens was referred (Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash. 13 :179, October
1900) to Vernonia gigantea of the Atlantic seaboard, which
does not occur in the Alleghenies or westward. The species
so common throughout the latter range is V. maxima Smali
(Bull. Torr. Bot. Club, 27 :280, May, rg00). Hence the name
of the subspecies collected near Baileysville, West Virginia,
is Vernonia maxima pubescens. (Morris).

V. Noveporacensis (L.) Willd. Iron weed.
In meadows and pastures, common throughout the State.
Var. LATIFOLIA Gray.

Meadows and fields. Mason: near Point Pleasant. Monon-
galia: near Morgantown. Fayette: near Nuttallburg (Nut-
tall).

ELEPHANTOPUS L.

E. Carotintanus Willd.
Dry banks. Fayette: near Nuttallburg (Nuttall).
WEST VIRGINIA GEOLOGICAL SURVEY 371

. TOMENTOSUS L. “Tobacco Weed.” ‘“Devil’s Grandmother.”
Fields. Harrison: near Quiet Dell. Upshur: near
Lorentz.

EUPATORIUM L.

. PURPUREUM L. Queen of the Meadow. “Quill-wort.”

Low grounds. Common throughout the State. Cheat
Mountains in Randolph at an altitude of 3,600 feet. Numer-
ous specimens were measured which were over twelve Het
high (Morris).

. MACULATUM Linn.
Dry Fork River near Harman, Randolph Co. (Green-
man 230).
. MACULATUM AMOENUM (Pursh) Britton,
Rich woods along runs. Grant: Buffalo Creek near Bay-
ard. Tucker: Beaver Creek near Davis,
. HYSSOPIFOLIUM L.
Sterile soil. Jefferson: near Shepherdstown.
. PUBESCENS. Muhl.

Dry hillsides. Fayette: near Nuttallburg (Nuttall). Jef-
ferson: near Shepherdstown. Monongalia: near Morgan-
town and Camp Eden. Preston: near Aurora (Mr. and Mrs.
Steele).

. ALTISSIMUM L. Tall Boneset.

River banks. Monongalia: near Little Falls and Beech-
woods.
. TRIFOLIATUM Linn.

In moist soils, Preston: near Aurora (Mr. and Mrs.
Steele).

. SESSILIFOLIUM L. Upland Boneset.

River banks. Monongalia: near Beechwoods. Fayette:
near Nuttallburg, plentiful (Nuttall).

. PERFOLIATUM L. Boneset. Thorough-wort.
Damp places. Common throughout the State.
. AGERATOIDES L. White Snake-root.

Rich woods. Monongalia: along Decker’s Creek and, else-
where plentiful. Randolph: Cheat Mountains near Cheat
Bridge. Marion: near Worthington. Fayette: near Nuttall-
eee (Nuttall). Hardy: near Moorefield (Gamble). Pres-
ton: near Aurora (Mr. and Mrs. Steele). Tucker: rich
woods near Parsons (Greeman 242).

. AROMATICUM L.

Rich soil. Fayette: near Nuttallburg. Hardy: near

Morefield (Gamble).
372 THE WEST VIRGINIA FLORA

E. cogLestinum L. Mist-flower.

Rich soils. Putnam, Jackson, Wood and Monongalia. A
common weed. Randolph: along Tygart’s Valley River.
Barbour: near Tygart Junction (Greenman 263). Harrison
along the “Monongah” R. R. Summers: near Hinton.
Fayette: near Nuttallbure (Nuttall). Putnam: near Buf-
falo. Kanawha: near Charleston. Mason: near Point
Pleasant. Marion: near Montana and Worthington. Jef-
ferson: near Shepherdstown. Nicholas: near Richwood
(H. H. Smith 1749).

KUHNIA Linn.

K. EUPATORIOIDES L. False Boneset.
In dry soil. Greenbrier: near White Sulphur Springs
(Britton). Berkeley: near Martinsburg (Sheldon 2663).

LACINIARIA Hill (1762).
(Liatris, Schreb. 1791).

L. spicata (L.) Kuntze.
Among rocks, banks of New River (Selby). Fayette:
near Nuttallburg, heads 5-flowered (Nuttall).
L. SCARIOSA SQUARRULOSA (Michx.) Small.
Greenbrier Co.: White Sulphur Springs (Brown).

CHRYSOPSIS Nutt.

C. Mariana (L.) Nutt.
Dry, rocky roadside. Fayette: R. & K. turnpike near Nut-
tallburg (Nuttall).

SOLIDAGO L.

S. FLEXICAULIS L. (S. latifolia L.)
Moist, shaded banks. Monongalia: banks of the Monon-
gahela and Cheat Rivers. Fayette: near Nuttallburg (Nut-
all). Webster: (H. H. Smith 1839). Open rich places.
Fayette: along the railroad track near Gauley Junction
(Eggleston 5543). Preston: near Aurora (Mr. & Mrs.
Steele).
S. caesta L.
Rich woodlands. Frequent throughout the State.
S. Curtistt Torr. & Gray. ,
Woodlands. Fayette: near Nuttallburg, common (Nutt-
all).
WEST VIRGINIA GEOLOGICAL SURVEY 373

S. BICOLOR L,
Dry fields and copses. Frequent throughout the State.
S. MONTICOLA Torr. & Gray.

Woods and opens. Fayette: near Nuttallburg, alt. 2,000
ft. (Nuttall). Webster: (H. H. Smith 1816). Preston:
near Aurora (Mr. & Mrs. Steele).

S. PUBERULA Nutt.
Sunny opens. Fayette: near Nuttallburg (Nuttall).
S. uLicinosa Nutt.
Swampy places. Randolph: top of Allegheny Mountains
near Horton (Greenman 493).
S. speciosa Nutt.
Cliffs and banks. Fayette: near Nuttallburg (Nuttall).
S. opora Ait. Sweet Golden-rod.

Fayette: near Nuttallburg (Nuttall). Nicholas: near Rich-

wood (H. H. Smith 1746).
S. rugosa Mill.

Borders of fields and copses. Along Cheat River. Ran-
dolph, Tucker, Preston and Monongalia counties. Fayette:
near Nuttallburg (Nuttall). Shores of the Monongahela in
Barbour, Taylor and Marion counties. Preston: near Aurora
(Mr. & AIrs. Steele).

S. utmiroLia Muhl.

River banks. Ohio: Thomas Hill near Wheeling (Mertz
& Guttenberg). Brooke: (Mertz & Guttenberg). Fayette:
near Nuttallburg (Nuttall).

S. Boottit Hook.

Dry open woods. Putnam: near Buffalo. Fayette: near

Nuttallburg (Nuttall).
S. ARGUTA Ait.

River banks. Ohio: banks of the Ohio River near
Wheeling (Mertz & Guttenberg). Preston: near Aurora
(Mr. & Mrs. Steele).

S. necLEcTA T. & G.

Swampy places. Upshur: near Buckhannon (Pollock).
Fayette: near Quinnimont (Pollard & Maxon 33, 34). Pres-
ton: near Aurora (Mr. & Mrs. Steele).

S. yuncEA Ait. “Yellow Top.”

Fields and waste places. Common throughout the north-
ern, central and western counties. Fayette: near Nuttall-
burg (Nuttall); near Gauley Bridge and near Thurmond
(Eggleston 5524, 5558). Preston: near Aurora (l/r. &
Mrs. Steele). Berkeley: near Martinsburg. Mason: near
Point Pleasant. Hardy: near Moorefield (Gamble).

Var. SCABRELLA (T. & G.) Gray.

With the species. Frequent.
374 THE WEST VIRGINIA FLORA

Var. RAMOSA Porter & Britton.

River banks. Monongalia: near Morgantown, below high

water mark along the Monongahela.
S. SEROTINA Ait.

Fayette: near Nuttallburg (Nuttall). Monongalia: near
Morgantown (Millspaugh). Preston: near Aurora (Mr. &
Mrs. Steele).

Var. GIGANTEA (Ait.) Gray.

Thickets. Gilmer: near Glenville (Mapel). Preston: near

Rowlesburg.
S. RUPESTRIS Raf.
Rocky river banks. Fayette: along the Gauley at Gauley
Mountain; Kanawha Falls and Hawk’s Nest (James).
S. Canapensis L. :
Borders and waste fields. Common throughout the State.
S. NEMORALIS Ait.

Dry, sterile fields. Fayette: near Nuttallburg (Nuttall).
Preston: near Aurora (Mr. & Mrs. Steele). Common
throughout the northern counties.

EUTHAMIA Nutt.

E. GRAMINIFOLIA (L.) Nutt. (Solidago lanceolata L.)
River banks. Along Cheat River throughout its length
Along the Monongahela in Marion, Taylor and Monongalia
counties. Gilmer: along the Little Kanawha (Mapel).
Mason: near Point Pleasant. Fayette: near Nuttallburg
(Nuttall). Preston: near Aurora (Mr. & Mrs. Steele).
E. CAROLINIANA (L.) Greene. (S. tenuifolia Pursh.)
Sandy fields. Monongalia: near Morgantown.

SERICOCARPUS Nees.

S. LINIFoLIus (L.) B. S. P.

On dry shaded banks along the road above Hinton, Sum-

mers County, alt. 1,400 ft., July 7, 1900 (Morris 950).
S. asterorpes (L.) B. S. P. White-topped Aster.

Dry grounds. Frequent or common throughout the State.
Kanawha: near Charleston (James). Greenbrier: near
White Sulphur Springs. Fayette: near Nuttallburg (Nutt-
all). Greenbrier Co., mountains about White Sulphur
Springs, alt. 3,000 ft. (A. Brown).

BRACHYCHAETA T. & G.

B. sPHACELATA (Raf.) Britton. (B. cordata T. & G.)
Dry woods. Fayette: near’ Nuttallburg, plentiful (Nutt-
all).
WEST VIRGINIA GEOLOGICAL SURVEY 375
BELLIS Linn.

. PERENNIS Linn.

Becoming rather common in the cemetery and in
yards at Morgantown, Monongalia County, 1907 (Sheldon
2623).

ASTER L.

. CLaytoni Burgess.

Along rocky banks east of Oceana, Wyoming County, alt.
1,300 ft., August 22, 1900 (Morris 12944).

. MACROPHYLLUus L.

Open woods. Fayette: near Nuttallburg (Nuttall). Pres-
ton: near Aurora (Mr. & Mrs. Steele). Kanawha: at the
Kanawha salinas (Holton).

. SAGITTIFOLIUS Willd.

On dry banks between Piney, Raleigh County, and Jump-
ing Branch, Summers County, alt. 2,200-3,100 ft., August
24, 1900 (Morris 1338).

. PATENS Ait.

Rocky river banks. Fayettte: near Nuttallbure (Nuttall) ;
opposite Gauley Junction (Eggleston 5523). Summers: near
Hinton.

. PHLOGIFOLIUS Muhl.

Open woods. Fayette: near Nuttallburg (Nuttall). Pres-
ton: near Aurora (Mr. & Mrs. Steele).
. LAEVIS L.

Rocky river banks. Monongalia: near Little Falls. Fay-
ette: near Nuttallburg, plentiful (Nuttall) ; near Thurmond
(Eggleston 5552).

. UNDULATUS L,

Dry woods. Mason: near Point Pleasant. Kanawha:
near Charleston. Fayette: near Nuttallburg, common (Nutt-
all); near Gauley Bridge (Eggleston 5546). Summers:
near Hinton (Eggleston 5580).

. CORDIFOLIUS L.

Woodlands. Monongalia: near Morgantown and Little
Falls. Fayette: near Kanawha Falls (James) ; near Nuttall-
burg (Nuttall); near Gauley Bridge (Eggleston 5542).
Mason: near Point Pleasant. Preston: near Aurora (Mr. &
Mrs. Steele). Kanawha: at the Kanawha salinas (Holton).
. Lowrieanus Porter. ‘

Woodlands and opens. Monongalia: near Morgantown,
abundant. Preston: near Aurora (Mr. & Mrs. Steele).

. LowRIEANUS LANCIFOLIUS Porter. ,
In woodlands, Preston: near Aurora (Mr. & Mrs. Steele).
376 THE WEST VIRGINIA FLORA

A. Trapescanti L.

In fields and swampy places, Preston: near Aurora (Mr. &
Mrs. Steele).

A. PURPURATUS Nees. (A. virgatus Ell.)

Rocky river banks. Fayette: near Nuttallburg (Nuttall).
Preston: along Cheat River. Monongalia: near Camp Eden.

A. POLYPHYLLUs Willd. (A. Faxoni Porter.)

Rocky or gravelly soils. Barbour: near Tygarts Junc-

tion (Greenman 503).
A. ERICOIDES L.

Dry open places. Fayette: near Nuttallburg (Nuttall).
Mason: near Point Pleasant. Wood: near Parkersburg.
Monongalia: near Morgantown.

Var. DEPAUPERATUS Porter. (var. pusillus A. Gray.)

Dry fields. Monongalia: plentiful about Morgantown.

Var. pitosus (Wiild.) Porter.

Roadsides, etc. Fayette: near Nuttallburg, common (Nutt-
all). Preston: near Aurora (Mr. & Mrs. Steele). \lonon-
galia: near Morgantown. Marion: near Fairmont.

Var. vittosus T. & G.

Dry open places. Pocahontas: near Travelers Repose
(Greenman 502).

A. LATERIFLoRUS (L.) Britt. (A. miser Man. A. diffusus Ait.)

Dry or moist grounds: Monongalia: near Morgantown.
Frequent throughout the northern counties. Hardy: near
Moorefield (Gamble). Ohio: neat Wheeling (Mertz 1254).
Preston: near Aurora (Mr. & Mrs. Steele).

A. uiIrsuTICAULIS Lindl. ‘“Nail-rod.”

Fields and roadsides. Cabell: near Barboursville. Monon-
galia: near Morgantown; and cominon throughout the north-
ern, central and western counties.

A. MULTIFLORUS Ait.
Hardy: near Moorefield (Gamble).
A. pumosus L.

Hardy: near Moorefield ( Gamble.)

A. pivARricaAtus L. (A. corymbosus Ait.)

Fayette: in the gulf where the old highway goes over the
mountain above Gauley Bridge (Eggleston 5533, 5550-)-
Webster: (H. H. Smith), Preston: near Aurora (Mr. &
Mrs. Steele). Monongalia: near Morgantown (Millspaugh).

A. vIMINEUS Lam.

Shaded roadsides and fields. Fayette: near Nuttallburg,
alt. 2,000 ft., plentiful (Nuttall). Monongalia: near Mor-
gantown. Mason: near Point Pleasant.

Var. rotioLosus (Aiton) A. Gray.

Monongalia : near Morgantown, Uffington and Little Falls,

common,
WEST VIRGINIA GEOLOGICAL SURVEY 377

. PANICULATUS Lam. (A. simplex Willd).
Low grounds. Fayette: near Nuttallburg (Nuttall).

Mason: near Point Pleasant. Putnam: near Buffalo. Ohio:

near Wheeling (jlertg 1270).

. SALICIFOLIUS Lam,

Near streams. Monongalia and Preston: banks of Cheat
River (A/illspaugh). Fayette: near Gauley Junction (Eggle-
ston 5520); near Gauley Bridge, with white flowers (Eggle-
ston 5549), with blue flowers (Egglestton 5551).

. Novi-Beter L.
Damp meadows. Monongalia: near Morgantown.
. PRENANTHOIDES Muhl.

Rich woods and borders of streams. Randolph: Cheat
Bridge, alt. 3,360 ft. Monongalia: shore of Monongahela
above Morgantown. Fayette: near Nuttallburg (Nuttall) ;
near Gauley Bridge (Eggleston 5536). Preston: near Au-
rora (Mr. & Mrs. Steele).

. Novar-AnoiiAzt L. New England Aster.

Fields and moist grounds. Marion: near Fairmont and

Palatine (Boutlow).
. PUNICEUS L.

Swampy places. Fayette: near Nuttallburg, uncommon
(Nuttall). Hardy: near Morefield (Gamble). Preston:
near Aurora (Mr. & Jlrs. Steele).

. PUNICEUS FIRMUS (Nees) T. & G.

Wet places. Randolph: near Whitmer and along Dry

Fork River near Harmon (Greenman 505, 504).
. ACUMINATUS Michx.

Cool, rich woods. Randolph: near Cheat Bridge. Fayette:

near Kanawha Falls (/James.)
. Suortit Hook.

Edges of woodlands. Monongalia: near Morgantown

(Sheldon 4582).

ERIGERON L.

. ANNuuS (L.) Pers. Daisy Fleabane. Sweet Scabious.
A weed in meadows and fields. Common throughout the
State.
. RAMOSUS (Walt.) B.S.P. Daisy Fleabane. (E. strigosus Muhl.)
Fields and waste places. Monongalia: the Flats and
Uffington. Fayette: Nuttallburg (Nuttall).
. PULCHELLUS Michx. Robin’s Plantain. (E. bellidifolius Muhl.)
Copses, common throughout the State.
. PHILADELPHIcUS L. Common Fleabane.
Moist ground. Frequent throughout the northern counties.
378 THE WEST VIRGINIA FLORA
LEPTILON Raf.

L. CaNADENSE (L.) Britton. Butter-weed. Horse-weed.
Waste places. Common throughout the State.

DOELLINGERIA Nees.

D. UMBELLATA (Mill.) Nees. (Aster Mill.)
Moist thickets. Along Cheat River in Randolph, Tucker,
Preston and Monongalia counties. Fayette: near Nuttall-
burg (Nuttall). Preston: near Aurora (Mr. & Mrs. Steele).
D. INFIRMA '(Michx.) Greene. (Aster Michx.) .
Mountain woods. Randolph: Point Mountain, alt. 2,800

ft. Fayette: near Nuttallburg (Nuttall).

IONACTIS Greene,

I. LINARIIFOLIUS (L.) Greene. (Aster L.)

Rocky places. Fayette: near Nuttallburg, along the banks

of New River below high water mark, common (Nuttall) ;

New River Falls (Eggleston 5521). Barbour: near Tygart
Junction (Greenman 223).

GIFOLA Cass.

G. Germanica (L.) Dumort. (Gnaphalium Germanicum L.)
Along the road north of Athens, Mercer County, alt. 2,500
ft., July 18, 1900 (Morris 1034).

t

ANTENNARIA Gaertn.

A. PLANTAGINIFOLIA (L.) Richards. Everlasting.
Sterile hills. Frequent or common throughout the State.
A. Partinit Fernald.

Greenbrier: near White Sulphur Springs (Eggleston

4348). Monongalia: near Morgantown (Sheldon 299).
A. PROPINQUA Greene, Pittonia 4:83. (1899).

Near A. arnoglossa but more slender and only half as
large, the stolons relatively more elongated and more co-
piously beset with black gland-tipped hairs, the bracts of the
flowering branch often rather strongly ciliate with them:
mature leaves one and a half to two inches long, with almost
elliptic blade and short petiole, mucronately acute, bright
green and nearly veinless above, white-tomentose and obvi-
ously triple-nerved beneath: flowering branches (in the male,
which alone is known) three to six inches high, bearing 4 or
5 involucres, the terminal one sessile, the rest short-pedicel-
WEST VIRGINIA GEOLOGICAL SURVEY 379

late: bracts biserial, with large clear-white oblong-ovate
obtuse tips: bristles of the pappus only slightly dilated and
sharply serrulate at the tip.

Collected only by E. L. Greene, on an open hillside at
Harper’s Ferry, May 14, 1898; only one large patch seen,
and that male. Though obviously a near relative of A. Par-
lintt and arnoglossa, its small size, very differently shaped
foliage and peculiarly narrowed and serrulated male pappus-
bristles, compel one to regard it as wholly distinct. I hope
that the female plant may be detected at no distant time.
There is no A. arnoglossa in the Harper’s Ferry region.

. NEODIOICA Greene.

Dry situations. Monongalia: near Morgantown (Sheldon

1624).

. FALLAX Greene,

Monongalia: near Morgantown (Sheldon 349).

. SOLITARIA Rydb.

Dry hillsides. Tucker: near Parsons (Greenman 240).

ANAPHALIS DC. «

. MARGARITACEA (L.) Bth. & Hook. Pearly Everlasting.
Dry hills and woods. Monongalia: along Decker’s Creek.
Marion: above Opekiska.

GNAPHALIUM L.

. OBTUSIFOLIUM L. Everlasting. (G. polycephalum Michx.)
Old fields. Frequent or common throughout the northern

and central counties. Fayette: near Nuttallburg (Nuttall).

Hardy: near Moorefield (Gamble). Webster: on Taters

Knob (H. H. Smith), Preston: near Aurora (Mr. & Mrs.

Steele).

. uttcinosum L. Low Cud-weed.

Low grounds. Grant: near Davis. Gilmer: near Glenville
(Mapel; Brown). Monongalia: near Morgantown. Ran-
dolph: top of Alleghany Mountains (Greenman 266). Ma-
son: near Point Pleasant. Wood: near Parkersburg. Pres-
ton: near Aurora (Mr. & Mrs. Steele).

. PURPUREUM L. Purplish Cud-weed.

Sandy soil. Monongalia: near Beechwoods and Ice’s
Ferry. Fayette: near Nuttallburg (Nuttall).

. DECURRENS Ives. :

Open places, Preston: near Aurora (Mr. & Mrs. Steele).
Randolph: top of Alleghany Mountains (Greenman 266a).
380 THE WEST VIRGINIA FLORA
INULA L.

I. Herentum L. Elecampane.

Fields. Wirt: near Burning Springs. Upshur: near
Lorentz. Nicholas: along Mumble-the-peg Creek. Fayette:
near Nuttallburg (Nuttall). Greenbrier: near Ronceverte.
Jefferson: near Shepherdstown. Hampshire: near Romney.
Monongalia: near Stumptown. Webster: near Pugh (H. H.
Smith 1655). Preston: near Aurora (Mr. & Mrs. Steele).

POLYMNIA L.

P. Canavensis L. Leaf Cup.

Moist shaded ravines. Fayette: near Kanawha Falls and
Hawk’s Nest (James; Porter) ; near Nuttallburg (Nuttall) ;
near Gauley Junction (Eggleston 5544). Hardy: near
Moorefield (Gamble). Wood: at the mouth of the Little
Kanawha (Michaux).

Var. RADIATA Gray.
Rich rocky soil. Fayette: near Nuttallburg (Nuttall).
P. Uvepatia L.

Rich soil. Randolph: frequent along Tygarts Valley River.
Fayette: near Nuttallburg (Nuttall). Ohio: near Wheeling
(Mertz 1380).

SILPHIUM L.

S. Astertscus L.

Dry sandy soil. Wirt: beyond Burning Springs. Jackson:
near Ripley.

S. TRIFOLIATUM L. Rosin-weed.

Dry hills and banks. Fayette: near Nuttallburg (Nuttall) ;
at Hawks Nest (Holton). Greenbrier Co., near White Sul-
phur Springs, alt. 3,000 ft. (A. Brown).

S. PERFOLIATUM L. Cup Plant.

Along streams. Fayette: near Hawks Nest (James) ; neat

Nuttallburg (Nuttall).

CHRYSOGONUM L.

C. Vircinianum L.
Dry soils. Hardy: near Moorefield (Gamble).

PARTHENIUM L.

P. rntecRIFoLIUM L. Sneeze-wort.
Dry soils. Fayette: near Nuttallburg, banks of New River
WEST VIRGINIA GEOLOGICAL SURVEY 381

below high water mark, plentiful (Nuttall). Greenbrier.
near White Sulphur Springs (Mertz & Guttenberg).

HELIOPSIS Pers.

H. scasrA Dunal. Ox-eye.

. ALBA (L.) Hassk. (Eclipta procumbens, and E. erecta, Michx.)

Fields. Gilmer: near Glenville (Mapel).

. HELIANTHOIDES (L.) B. 5, P. (HA. laevis Pers.)

Open places, Webster: near Pugh (H. H. Smith 1654).
Fayette: near Nuttallburg (Nuttall). Preston: near Aurora
(Mr. & Mrs. Steele). Tucker: near Parsons (Greenman

241).
ECLIPTA L.

1
‘

Wet river banks. Mason: banks of the Ohio near Point
Pleasant. Ohio: near Wheeling (Mertz & Guttenberg).
Fayette: R. R. bank, Nuttallburge (Nuttall).

RUDBECKIA L.

. LACINIATA L. Cone-flower.

Low grounds. Monongalia: Little Falls, Beechwoods,
Uffington, and Morgantown. Fayette: near Nuttallburg
(Nuttall).

Var. HUMILIS Gray.

R,

Monongalia: banks of Monongahela River below Morgan-
town.

FULGIDA Ait.

Fields and Meadows. Monroe: abundant near Alderson.
Hardy: near Moorefield (Gamble).

. TRILOBA L, Brown-eyed Susan.

Dry fields. Gilmer: near Glenville (Mapcl). Greenbrier:
near White Sulphur Springs.

. HIrtTA L. “Nigger Head.” “Yellow Daisy.” Brown-eyed Susan.

Becoming too frequent in meadows. Randolph: Cricard
P. O. (Millspaugh); near Pickens (H. H. Smith 1372).
Preston: near Aurora (Mr. & Mrs. Steele). Throughout
the Ohio River counties. Fayette: along Loup Creek
(James); near Nuttallbure (Nuttall). Wood: near Kana-
wha Station.

. SPECIOSA Wender.

Dry soils. Ohio: near Wheeling (\ertz & Guttenberg).
382 THE WEST VIRGINIA FLORA

BRAUNERIA Neck (1790).
(Echinacea, Moench. 1794.)

B. purPuREA (L.) Britton. Purple Cone-flower. (Echinacea L.)

Along the C. & O. R. R. Fayette: near Nuttallburg; a

rough, bristly form (Nuttall) ; near Thurmond (Eggleston
5557). Adventive from the west.

HELIANTHUS L.

H. LAETIFLOoRUS Pers.
Dry opens. Fayette: near Nuttallburg.
H. occipentatis Riddell. Western Sunflower.
Banks of New River. Fayette: near Nuttallburg; infre-
quent (Nuttall) ; at Hawk’s Nest (Holton).

Var. DoweELiianus T. & G.

Dry soils. Fayette: near Nuttallburg (Nuttall).
H. romentosus Michx.

Banks of New River. Fayette: near Nuttallburg (Nuttall).
H. GROSSE-SERRATUS Martens. Large-toothed Sunflower.

Dry fields. Upshur: near Buckhannon.
H. cicanteus L. Giant Wild Sunflower.

Low grounds. Randolph: near Cheat Bridge. Fayette:
near Nuttallburg, plentiful (Nuttall); at Hawks Nest
(Holton). Preston: near Terra Alta (Millspaugh) ; near
Aurora (Mr. & Mrs. Steele).

H. cvaevicatus Torr. & Gray.
Thickets. Preston: near Terra Alta.
H. poronicorpEs Lam.

Dry grounds. Ohio: on Bogg’s Island (Mertz & Gutten-
berg). Hardy: near Moorefield (Gamble).

H. microcepHatus T. & G, (H. parviflorus Bernh.)

Thickets. Summers: near Hinton. Greenbrier: near
White Sulphur Springs. Fayette: near Nuttallburg (Nutt-
all); near Gauley Junction (Eggleston 5547). Preston:
near Terra Alta (Millspawgh) ; near Aurora (Mr. & Mrs.
Steele). Ohio: near Wheeling (Mertz 1452).

H. pivaricatus L.

Thickets and dry places. Fayette: near Nuttallburg

(Nuttall). Jackson: up 8 mile creek.
H. uirsutus Raf.

Dry banks. Fayette: near Nuttallburg, rare (Nuttall).
Mason: banks of the Ohio near Point Pleasant. Hardy:
near Moorefield (Gamble).
Cc.

WEST VIRGINIA GEOLOGICAL SURVEY 383

. sTRUMOSUS L.

River banks and low copses. Monongalia: alcng Decker’s
Creek (Millspaugh). Preston: near Aurora (Mr. & Mrs.
Steele).

. TRACHELIIFOLIUS Mill.

Mountain woods. Fayette: near Nuttallburg, uncommon
(Nuttall).

. DECAPETALUS L.,

Rich open woods. Monongalia: near Little Falls and
Uffington. Fayette: near Nuttallburg, the most commoti
species here; petals mostly 8 (Nuttall). Ohio: near Wheel-

ing (Merts 1442).
VERBESINA L.

. OCCIDENTALIS (L.) Walt. Crownbeard.

Rich soil. Fayette: near Nuttallburg (Nuttall) ; and along
the Great Kanawha River to its mouth. Jackson: up 8-Mile
Creek. Wood: near Lockhart’s Run. Monongalia: near
Morgantown. Summers: near Hinton. Jefferson: near
Shepherdstown. Berkeley: near Martinsburg. Greenbrier :
near White Sulphur Springs (Eggleston 5514). Kanawha:
near Charleston (Holton).

. ALTERNIFOLIA (L.) Britton. (4Actinomeris alternifolia DC.)

Rich soil. Ohio: near Wheeling (Mertz & Guttenberg).
Preston: near Aurora (Mr. & Alrs. Steele). Fayette: near
Nuttallburg, common (Nuttall). Monongalia: near Morgan-
town. Kanawha: near Charleston (l/ilspaugh) ; near Kana-
wha Salinas (Holton).

COREOPSIS L.

. LANCEOLATA VILLOSA Michx.

Rich soil. Fayette: banks of New River near Nuttallburg
(Nuttall).

. PUBESCENS Ell.

Rich shady place. Fayette: near Nuttallburg (Nuttall).

. AURICULATA L.

Rich banks. Fayette: near Nuttallburg (Nuttall); near
Hawks Nest (Porter). Monroe: near Alderson.
MAJOR Walt. (C. sentfolia Michx.)
Shady woods. Greenbrier: near White Sulphur Springs
(Mertz & Guttenberg).

Var. sTELLATA Torr. & Gray. (C. stellata Nutt.)

Fayette: banks of New River near Nuttallburg (Nuttall).
384 THE WEST VIRGINIA FLORA

C. tripterts L. Tall Coreopsis.
Rich ground. Jackson: plentiful along 8-Mile Creek and
on Limestone Ridge. Fayette: near Nuttallburge (Nuttall) ;
at Hawks Nest (Holton). Monongalia: near Little Falls.

BIDENS L.

B. cerNuA Linn.

Wet places. -Randolph: along Dry Fork River near
Harmon (Greenman 543).

B. rronposa L. Begger’s Ticks. Stick-tights. Pitchforks.

Damp, waste places. Common throughout the State.

B. MELANOCARPA Wiegand. (B. frondosa Torr. not L.)

Damp, waste places. Monongalia: near Morgantown
(Millspaugh 775).

B. connata Muhl. Swamp Beggar’s Tick.

Wet places. Frequent throughout the State. Kanawha:

a small form at the Kanawha salinas (Holton).
B. comosa (Gray) Wiegand.

Damp open places. Fayette: near Nuttallburg (Nuttall).
Kanawha: a dwarf form of the species at the Kanawha
salinas. (Holton). Monongalia: near Morgantown and fre-
quent throughout the State.

B. Laevis (L) B. S. P. (B. chrysanthemoides) Michx.

Wet places. Frequent throughout the State.

B. prpinnata L. Spanish Needles.

Dry places. Abundant throughout the State. Tucker:

bank of Blackwater River near Hendricks (Greenman 250).

B. TRICHOSPERMA (Michx.) Britton. (Coreopsis Michx.)
Fields. Kanawha: near Charleston. Monongalia: near
Morgantown.

GALINSOGA Ruiz & Pav.

G. PARVIFLORA Cav.
Waste grounds. Mason: near Point Pleasant. Wood:
near Parkersburg.

MARSHALLIA Schreb.

M. GRANDIFLORA Beadle & Boynton.
Moist soils, Upshur: near Buckhannon (Pollock).
M. oBOVATA PLATYPHYLLA (Curtis) Bead. & Boynt.
Barbour: near Tygart Junction (Greenman 217).
WEST VIRGINIA GEOLOGICAL SURVEY 385
HELENIUDI L.

. AUTUMNALE L. Sneeze-weed.

Alluvial river banks. Wirt: along the Little Kanawha
River. Fayette: near Nuttallburg (Nuttall). Monongalia:
near Morgantown. Randolph: near Cheat Bridge, alt. 3,660
ft. Summers: near Hinton (Millspaugh, Eggleston 5519).
Hardy: near Moorefield (Gamble). Preston: near Aurora
(lr: & Mrs. Steele).

TAGETES Linn.

. PATULA L.

Escaped from cultivation and established along the rail-
road near Laurel Creek, Fayette County, near Quinnimont
(Pollard & Maxon 20).

ACHILLEA. L.

. Mititerotium L. Yarrow. Milfoil.

Common throughout the State, even in the most inac-
cessible portions of the virgin forests in the Alleghanies,
where it certainly appears native. Randolph: Point \oun-
tain, alt. 3,300 ft. Nicholas: Buffalo Range, alt. 2,875 ft.

ANTHEMIS L.

. Cotuta L. Dog’s Fennel. May-weed.
Fields and waste grounds. Common throughout the State.
. ARVENSIS L. Chamomile.

Waste places. Morgan: along the B. & O. R. R. near No.
12 Water Tank.

CHRYSANTHEMUM L.

. LeucANTHEMUM L. Ox-Daisy. “Sheriff Pink.”

Becoming too plentiful as a weed in fields, in the follow-
ing counties: Monongalia, Marion, Hampshire: where it is
often known as Sheriff Pink; Jackson, Preston, Kanawha:
near Charleston (James); Cabell: near Barboursville
(James). Grant, Lewis, Upshur, Randolph, Berkeley: near
Martinsburg; Fayette: near Nuttallburg (.\Vuttall). Green-
brier: near Ronceverte, Caldwell, Fort Spring, and White
Sulphur Springs. Hardy: near Moorefield (Gamble). Mer-
cer: near Princeton and Ingleside.
386 THE WEST VIRGINIA FLORA
MATRICARIA L.

M. MATRICARIOIDES (Less.) Porter. Wild Chamomile. (M. dis-
coidea DC.)

Established on B. & O. R. R. bank, Morgan: near No. 12
Water Tank.

TANACETUM L.

T. vuccare L. Tansy.

Escaped to roadsides. Gilmer:near DeKalb. Lewis:
near Weston. Grant: near Davis. Wood: near Parkers-
burg. Jefferson: near Shepherdstown. Monongalia: on
Kingwood Pike.

ARTEMISIA Linn.

A. annua L. Wormwood.

River banks and waste places. Wood: near Parkersburg
(Millspaugh). Mason: near Point Pleasant, where it is said
to have been introduced by an early French physician (Shel-
don 924). Jefferson: at Harpers Ferry (Greenc).

ERECHTITES Raf.

E. HIERACIFOLIA (L.) Raf. Fireweed.

Moist woods and banks, especially new fallows. Ran-
dolph: near Cheat Bridge, alt. 3,700 ft. Fayette: near Nutt-
allburg (Nuttall). Monongalia: near Uffington and Mor-
gantown. Preston: near Aurora (Mr. & Mrs. Steele).

MESADENIA Raf.

M. RENIFoRMIS (Muhl.) Raf. Great Indian Plantain. (Cacalia
Muhl.)

Rich woods. Marion: along the F. M. & P. R. R,
especially near Opekiska. Summers: near Greenbrier Stock
Yards. Monroe: near Alderson and Wolf Creek. Preston:
near Terra Alta. Ohio: Bogeg’s Island, near Wheeling
(Mertz & Guttenberg). s

M. arripLictFotia (L.) Raf. Pale Indian Plantain. (Cacalia L.).

Rich woodlands. Upshur: near Lorentz. Monongalia:
banks of Cheat River, near Camp Eden. Ohio: near Wheel-
ing (Merts & Guttenberg), Fayette: near Nuttallburg
(Nuttall); near Thurmond (Eggleston 5553). Preston:
near Aurora (A/r. & Mrs. Steele).
WEST VIRGINIA GEOLOGICAL SURVEY 387
SYNOSMA Raf.

S. SUAVEOLENS (L.) Raf. Indian Plantain. (Cacalia L.)
Rich banks. Monongalia and Marion: from Opekiska to
Morgantown along the Monongahela River, frequent. Pres-
ton: near Terra Alta. Summers: near Hinton. Ohio: near
Wheeling (Mertz & Guttenberg).

SENECIO L.

S. ANTENNARIIFOLIUS Britton.
On a loose slate hillside. Greenbrier: near White Sulphur
Springs (Allen & Britton, Mackenzie).
Perennial, tufted in mostly large clumps; stems slender,
2-4.5 dm. high, loosely white-woolly. Leaves nearly all basal,
commonly numerous, oval to spatulate, angulateiy few-tooth-
ed or entire, mostly obtuse, narrowed into a petiole as long
as the blade or longer, densely white-tomentose beneath,
green and finally glabrous above, 2-4 cm. long; stem-leaves
small, spatulate, laciniate, or the upper narrowly linear and
entire; heads. slender-peduncled, rather less than 25 mm
broad; rays golden-yellow, showy; involucre 6 mm_ high,
white-woolly; achenes glandular-pubescent.
S. vutcaris L. Groundsel.
Roadsides, fence rows, streets, and waste places; adven-
tive from Europe. Frequent.
S. aureus L. Golden Rag-wort.
Damp places in open woods. Frequent throughout the
State.
S. opovatus Muhl.
Damp places. Lewis: near Weston. Monongalia: near
Morgantown (Millspaugh). Greenbrier: near White Sul-
phur Springs (Eggleston 4346). Ohio: near Wheeling
(Alertz 1567). .
S. BaLsAMItTaE Muhl.
Rocky open woods. Fayette: near Nuttallburg (Nuttall).
Monongalia: near Morgantown. Mercer: near Beaver
Springs.

ARCTIUM L.

A. Lappa L. Burdock.
Waste grounds, near dwellings. Abundant everywhere.

A. minus Schk. _
Fayette: near Nuttallburg (Nuttall).
388 THE WEST VIRGINIA FLORA
CENTAUREA Linn.

C. nicra Linn.
Appeared in 1911 in the alfalfa field of Mr. L. A. Bond, at
Lost Creek, Harrison County, and-in 1912 in his oat field
(Sheldon).

CARDUUS L.

C. LancEoLatus L. Common Thistle.
Fields, waste grounds, and roadsides. Common.
C, attisstmus L. Tall Thistle.

Fields and moist copses, frequent. Monongalia, Marion
and Preston counties. Fayette: near Nuttallburg (Nuttall).
Summers: near Greenbrier Stock Yards. Hardy: near
Moorefield. Preston: near Aurora (Mr. and Mrs. Steele).
Tucker: banks of the Blackwater River near Hendricks
(Greenman 320).

C. piscotor (Muhl.) Nutt.

Fields. Jefferson: near Charlestown; Summit Point and
near Shepherdstown.

C. Vircintanus (L.) Pers. Virginia Thistle.

Woods and opens. Summers: near Hinton. Preston:
near Terra Alta. Frequent throughout the State.

C. muticus (Michx.) Pers. Swamp Thistle.

Wet places. Randolph: near Cheat Bridge, alt. 3,700 ft.
Upshur: near Lorentz. Kanawha: near Charleston. Pres-
ton: near Terra Alta; near Aurora (Mr. and Mrs. Steele).

C. oporatus (Muhl.) Porter. Pasture Thistle. (Cirsium pum-
dum, Spr.)

Dry fields. Greenbrier: near White Sulphur Springs.
Preston: near Terra Alta; near Cranberry Summit (Mertz
& Guttenberg) ; near Aurora (Mr. and Mrs. Steele).

C. arvensis (L.) Robs. Canada Thistle.

Dry fields, becoming troublesome in many localities. Jef-
ferson: plentiful near Charlestown, where it was doubtless
brought in baled hay by the Federal troops during the war.
Randolph: on the apex of Point Mountain, alt. 3,700 ft., in a
field owned and cultivated two years ago by a Connecticut
gentleman, who probably brought the seed there from the
east. Greenbrier: near White Sulphur Springs. Jefferson:
near Summit Point and Shenandoah Junction. Hancock:
near Holliday’s Cove. Brooke: at Wellsburg.

Reported also from Hampshire: near Slanesville and
Capon Bridge. Brooke: near \Wellsburg. Ohio: near Beech
Glen School House. Summers: near Jumping Branch.
Putnam: near Hurricane, Paradise and Confidence. Jeffer-
WEST VIRGINIA GEOLOGICAL SURVEY 389

son: near Summit Point, Middleway, Mohler’s, Shenandoah
Junction, Leetown and Charlestown. Lewis: near Camden
Harrison: near Shinnston and Wallace. Mineral: near Pat-
terson’s Depot (since destroyed). Berkeley: near Martins-
burg and Gerrardstown. Wirt: near Burning Springs. Wet-
zel: near Endicott. Jackson: near Sandy and Silverton.
Kanawha: near Pocotaligo and Gazil. Mercer: near Con-
cord Church. Wayne: near Stone Coal. Braxton: near
Bulltown and Tate Creek. Tyler: in Mead dist. Roane:
near Newton and Looneyville. Upshur: near Evergreen.
Wood: near Murphy’s Mills, Volcano, Parkersburg, and
Rockport. Ritchie: near Berea. Fayette: near Mountain
Cove. Marshall: near Meighen. Hardy: near Wardens-
ville. Preston: near Independence, 1889-91. Monroe: near
Union. Greenbrier: near Trout Valley and Lewisburg.
Grant: near Greenland. Hancock: near Holliday’s Cove.
Taylor: near Grafton. Cabell: near Milton. Clay: near
Valley Fork. Doddridge: near Leopold.

The presence of this weed in the localities noted in the
second paragraph, where not corroborated in the first, is open
to doubt.
PART IL

The Fossil Flora of West Virginia

By DAVID WHITE

The following list includes the species of fossil plants pub
lished by various geologists as having been found in the upper
Paleozoic and Pleistocene formations of West Virginia. The
plant-bearing beds represented belong to the Pocono, the basal
formation of the Mississippian (“Lower Carboniferous’) series;
the Princeton conglomerate member, of Chester age, also in
the Mississippian series; several formations in the Pottsville
group, the basal division of the Pennsylvanian (‘Upper Carbon-
iferous”’) series; and from various members or beds in the Alle-
gheny, Conemaugh and Dunkard formations which constitute the
remainder of the Pennsylvanian and the Permian in the bituminous
regions of the Appalachian trough. The Quaternary system is
represented by the Carmichaels clay, an interglacial deposit of
pre-Wisconsin age.

In West Virginia the fossil plants of some of the formations,
like the Allegheny, for example, have received very little attention,
and the lists for these formations are accordingly short, while in
others, like the Quinnimont and Kanawha (both of Pottsville
age), our paleobotanical knowledge is based predominantly on
material from this state. The floras of the Conemaugh have had
but little study, and their differentiation from those of the Mon-
ongahela, on the one hand, or from those of the Allegheny on the
other, is therefore at present very incomplete. The composition
and characteristics of the plant life of the Monongahela also are
but little understood, though it is known that the floras contain
much that is present in, though not peculiar to, the Dunkard
(basal Permian). The remains of a meager flora occurring near
the top of the Greenbrier timestone in West Virginia are wholly
unstudied and unrecorded. Consequently they do not appear. in
the list. Further study will greatly enlarge a number of the lists
from formations containing large and interesting floras that are
as yet comparatively unstudied.

Many of the names quoted in the accompaning lists are based
WEST VIRGINIA GEOLOGICAL SURVEY 391

on preliminary examinations and are tentative, the collections hav-
ing in a large number of cases not yet been fully studied.

The differentiation of the floras of the lower Pottsville
which Doctor White has called the Pocahontas group; of the
middle Pottsville, which he has termed the New River group; and
of the upper Pottsville for which he has adopted the name, Beaver
River group, is fairly well established. As initial, or invasion,
stages the Raleigh sandstone and the Nuttall sandstone lentil of
the Sewell formation are logically placed by the writer in the
New River and Beaver River groups, respectively, of Dr. White.
His Pocahontas and New River groups fall within the time cover-
ed by the “Millstone Grit”, and the Lower Coal Measures of Great
Britain, the Beaver River group being referable approximately to
the Middle Coal Measures and the “transition” series of Great
Britain, while the Allegheny goes, for the most part, together with
the Conemaugh and Monongahela, into the Upper Coal Measures
of Great Britain. The beds up to an horizon possibly as high as
the base of the Kittanning group of the coals in the Allegheny
formation are of Westphalian age, the higher Pennsylvanian beds.
being of Stephanian age as these periods are defined in Con-
tinental Europe.

The Dunkard formation, the division originally proposed by
Doctor White in substitution for the ‘““Upper Barren Measures”
of the Pennsylvania State Reports, is here used for convenience
and conformity with the West Virginia state nomenclature in
place of Washington and Greene, the two formations into which
the Dunkard has been divided.

The thanks of the writer are due to Doctor White and the
other geologists of the State for the stratigraphic references of
several of the fossil plant collections made from beds in the Alle-
gheny and Conemaugh formations, the precise stage of these
beds not having been determined prior to the detailed areal work
now in progress by the State.

Among the species in the list there are many that have not
been recorded from localities outside of West Virginia, though
most aré known to occur in beds of the same age in other parts
of the Appalachian coalfields. In order, however, to avoid the
description of new species which must necessarily be accompanied
by illustrations, thus unduly increasing both the volume and the
expense of publication, the list is confined to species already re-
ported from West Virginia, or—as in the cases of Lewis Tunnel
in Virginia, or Brown’s Mills and Jollytown in Greene County,
Pennsylvania—from localities near the state boundary.

The names inscribed in this list are based upon the identifica-
tions of a number of geologists and paleontologists and represent
not merely the work of different men but also the work of differ
ent periods or stages in the growth of our knowledge of the:
392 THE WEST VIRGINIA FOSSIL FLORA

paleobotany of the upper Paleozoic. The identifications, there-
fore, represent the diverse points of view and the interpretations
of men varying as to their special lines of scientific work, as to
their familiarity with fossil floras, and as to their periods of study.
The result is the introduction of some incompatible identifications
and some confusion in the lists. There are doubtiess cases in
which the same species is listed under different names, while, in
others, plants differing as to species, or even as to genera, are
probably recorded under a single name. The results are the
records as present of species not present in a given formation and
the omission of others. The writer has attempted to eliminate the
greater number of the paleobotanical and stratigraphic errors thus
introduced. In numerous cases, however, for the sake of conser-
vatism this has not been attempted. Obviously the errors cannot
in all cases be eliminated without consultation of the original
specimens, which appears to be for the most part impossible.

In the first list, which is systematic and approximately com-
plete, the name of the species is accompanied by the citation of
either the place of its original publication or the publication
in which the generic combination was first introduced. Other
references are to papers relating to the floras of West Virginia.
The lists given in Volume II of the State Reports are not cited
for the reason that these lists are quoted from a paper of earlier
date by the writer (Bulletin of the Geological Society of America,
vol XI), which is cited. In passing mention should be made of the
list of fossil plants of the State printed in Professor Millspaugh’s
“Preliminary Catalogue of the Flora of West Virgina” (see Bul.
24, W. Va. Agric. Exp. Sta., 1892, pp. 519-527). The fossil plant
list in this publication was contributed by America’s great patron
of paleobotany, R. D. Lacoe, of Pittston, Pa. It is based in part
on identifications made by Lesquereux in his last and enfeebled
years, and in part on studies made by Mr. Lacoe who was, him-
self, a high authority on the Paleozoic floras. Lack of com-
parison of the specimens studied by Fontaine and White is re-
sponsible for certain variations in identification.

Full data descriptive of the formations of the Pennsylvanian
and Permian in West Virgina, the position of the coals and their
stratigraphic relations will be found in Volume II A of the State
Reports, to which the reader is referred for all geologic informa-
tion respecting the plant beds.

SYSTEMATIC LIST OF SPECIES.
ARCHAEOPTERIS ALLEGHANENSIS (Meek) Font. & I. C. White.

Bull. Phil. Soc. Wash.. Washington, vol. 1, Appendix VIII,
1874, p. xviii, pl. i, fig. 2 a. b. [Pocono sandstone.]
WEST VIRGINIA GEOLOGICAL SURVEY 393

ARCHAEOPTERIS BocKscHIANA (Goeppert) Lesquereux?
Second Geol. Surv. Pa., Rept. Prog. P. (Coal FI.), vol. 1,
1880, p. 306, pl. xlix, figs. 1-4. [Pocono sandstone[.
ARCHAEOPTERIS cf. stricta Andrews.
Rept. Geol. Surv. Ohio, vol. 2, pt. 2, 1875, Palaeont, p.
418, pl. xlix, figs. 2, 2a. D. White. Bull. Geol. Soc. Am.,
vol. 11, 1900, p. 162. [Pottsville group: Nuttall sandstone
lentil of Sewell formation].
ARCHAEOPTERIS n. sp. D. White.
Bull. Geol. Soc. Am., vol. 6, 1895, p. 318. [Nuttall sand-
stone lentil of Sewell formation].
TRIPHYLLOPTERIS LescurIANA (Meek) Fontaine.
Amer. Jour. Sci. 3rd ser., vol. 13, 1877, p. 123. [Pocono
sandstone].
TRIPHYLLOPTERIS VIRGINIANA Aleek.
Bull. Phil. Soc. Washington, vol. 1. Appendix VIII, 1874,
p. xviii. [Pocono sandstone]. :
This is probably the plant listed by Fontaine( Amer. Jour.
Sci., 3rd ser., vol. 7, 1874, p. 578) as Cyclopteris valida.. It
is one of the forms of a polymorphous type, all of which are
characteristic of the lower Mississippian.
ANEIMITES cf. TENUIFOLIUS (Goeppert) D. White.
Better known as Adiantites tenuifolius (Goppert) Stur.
Abh. K.-K. Geol. Reichsanst, vol. 8, No. 1 (Culm-F1.), pt. 1,
1875, p. 65, pl. xvi, figs. 2, 3. D. White: Bull. Geol. Soc.
Am., vol. 6, 1895, p. 315. [Pottsville group: Quinnimont
formation].
ANEIMITES ADIANTOIDES (Lindley & Hutton) Bailey.
Mem. Geol. Surv. Ireland, Expl. Sheet 137, Dublin, 1859,
p. 12. Described by Lindley & Hutton as Sphenopteris ad-
tantoides Foss. Fl. Great Britain, vol. 2, 1834, p. I, pl. cxv.
Fontaine: Amer. Jour. Sci., 3rd ser., vol. 11, 1876, p. 378.
[Pottsville group; Clark? and Sewell formations].
ANEIMITES FERTILIS D, White.
Smithsonian Misc. Coll., vol. 47, pt. 3, 1904, p. 323, pl.
xlvii. The small fruits bearing the name Wardia fertilis are
the seeds of Aneimites fertilis. [Pottsville group; Clark
formation]
ANEIMITES (Adiantites) sp. D. White.
Bull. Geol. Soc. Am., vol. 6, 1895, p. 313. [Princeton con-
glomerate (Mississippian) ].
EREMOPTERIS ARTEMISIAEFOLIA (Sternberg) Schimper.
Pal. Veg., vol. 1, 1869, p. 416, pl. xxx, fig. 4; Millspaugh,
Bull. No. 24, W. Va. Agric. Exp. Sta., Morgantown, 1892,
p. 521. [Pottsville group, Kanawha formation].
394 THE WEST VIRGINIA FOSSIL FLORA

EREMOPTERIS cf. ELEGANS (Ettingshausen) Lesquereux.
Second Geol. Surv. Pa., Rept. Prog. P. (Coal Fl.), vol. 1,
1880, p. 294, pl. liii, figs. 7, 7a. Bull. Geol. Soc. Am., vol.
6, 1895, p. 315. [Pottsville group; Quinnimont and Sewell
formations].
EReMmopteris cf. DEcoMposITA (Kidston) D. White.
Trans. Roy. Soc. Edinburgh, vol. 30, 1882, p. 538, pl. xxxii,
figs. 1, Ia, 4, 5. D. White: Bull Geol. Soc. Am., vol. 6,
1895, p- 313. [Princeton conglomerate (Mississippian) ].
EREMOPTERIS MICROPHYLLA Lesq?
Second Geol. Surv. Pa., Rept. Prog. P. (Coal Fl.) vol. 1,
1880, p. 296, pl. lili, figs. 6, 7, 7a. D. White: Bull. Geol. Soc.
Am., vol. 6, 1895, p. 315. [Pottsville group; Quinnimont
formation].
EREMOPTERIS CHEATHAMI Lesquereux.
Second Geol. Surv. Pa., Rept. Prog. P. (Ccal FI.), vol
3, 1884, p. 770, pl. civ, figs. 2-4. [Pottsville group; Sewel:
formation].
EREMOPTERIS MACILENTA (Lindley & Hutton) D. White?
Known in the literature as Sphenopteris macilenta Lind-
ley & Hutton: Foss Fl. Great Britain, vol. 2, 1835, p. 193, pl.
cl. Fontaine: Amer. Jour. Sci, New Haven, 3rd ser., vol.
II, 1876, p. 381 (identification subject to question). [Potts-
ville group; Clark and Sewell formations].
' Eremoprteris cf. SAuveuRI (Crepin) D. White.
Bull. Geol. Soc. Am., vol. 11, 1900, p. 163. [Pottsville
group; Kanawha formation].
EREMOPTERIS cf. LINCOLNIANA D. White.
Twentieth Ann. Rept. U. S. Geol. Survey, 1898-’99, pt.
2, 1900, p. 869, pl. cxcii, figs. 1, Ia. Bull. Geol. Soc. Am.,
vol. I1, 1900, p. 161. [Pottsville group; Kanawha forma-
tion].
EreMopTERIS n. sp. D. White.
Bull. Geol. Soc. Am., vol. 11, 1900, p. 161. [Pottsville
grcup; Kanawha formation.]
Eremopteris sp. D. White.
Bull. Geol. Soc. Am., vol. 6, 1895, p. 318. [Pottsville
group; Nuttall sandstone lentil of Sewell formation].
--CHEILANTHITES TRIFOLIOLATUS (Artis) Goppert.

Nov. Act. Acad. Caes. Leop.—Car., vol. 17, Suppl. (Sys.
Fil. Foss.), 1836, p. 245. Better known as Pseudopecopteris
trifoliolata. Second Geol. Surv. Pa., Rept. Prog. P. (Coal
Fl.), vol 1, 1880, p. 217, and Sphenopteris trifoliolata:
Dict. Sci. Nat., vol. 57 (Prodrome), 1828, p. 59 (50). D.
White: Bull. Geol. Soc. Am., vol. 11, 1900, pp. 161, 163.
[ Pottsville group; Kanawha formation].
WEST VIRGINIA GEOLOGICAL SURVEY 395

CHEILANTHITES OBTUSILOBUS (Brongniart) Goeppert

Nov. Act. Acad. Caes. Leop.—Car., vol. 17, Suppl.(Sys.
Fil. Foss.), 1836, p. 246. This is the Pseudopecopteris ob-
tusiloba (Brongniart) of Lesquereux: Second Geol. Surv.
Pa., Rept. Progr. P. (Coal Fl.), vol. 3, 1884, p. 753. D.
White: Bull. Geol. Soc. Am., vol. 11, 1900, p. 170. [Cone-
maugh formation].

The report of the species by Fontaine (Amei. Jour. Sci.
(3), vol. 7, 1874, p. 574) from the Sewell formation is un-
doubtedly erroneous. It is probable that the Sewell plant is
close to, if not identical with, that described by Lesquereux
(Coal Flora, vol. 3, 1884, p. 770, pl. civ, figs. 2-4) as Eremop-
teris Cheatham.

CHEILANTHITES OBTUSILOBUS VAR. DILATATA (Lesquereux).

The Pseudopecopteris obtusiloba dilatata (Lesquereux)
Lacoe: Cat. Palaeoz. Plts. N. Amer., Pittston, 1884, p. 9.
D. White: Bull. Geol. Soc. Am., vol. 11, Igoo, p. 163.
[Pottsville group; Kanawha formation].

CHEILANTHITES soLipus D. White.

This is the Sphenopteris solida of Lesquereux: Second
Geol. Surv. Pa., Rept. Progr. P, vol. 3, 1884, p. 759, pl. ci,
fig. 3. D. White: Bull. Geol. Soc. Am., vol. 11, 1900, p. 170.
{Pottsville proup; Kanawha formation]. [Also in Cone-
maugh formation].

CHEILANTHITES sQUAMOSUS (Lesquereux) D. White.

Bull. Geol. Soc. Am., vol. 11, 1900, p. 170. This species,
first described by Lesquereux as Pecopteris squamosa, has
generally been recorded in the American literature as Pseu-
dopecopteris anceps. It is possibly indistinguishable from the
European plant known as Pecopteris sphenopteroides. {Alle-
gheny and Conemaugh formations].

CHEILANTHITES cf. NUMMULARIUS (Gutbier) D. White.

This is the Pseudopecopteris cf. nummularia (Gutbier) of
Lesquereux: Second Geol. Surv. Pa., Rept. Progr. P, (Coal
FI.), vol. 3, 1884, p. 751, pl. cili, figs. 1-3. D. White: Bull.
Geol. Soc. Am., vol. 11, 1900, p. 168. [Pottsville group;
Kanawha formationf.

DipLOTHMEMA PACHYDERMA (Fontaine & I. C. White) D. White.

The Odontopteris pachyderma of Fontaine and I. C.
White: Second Geol. Surv. Pa., Rept. Prog. PP., 1880, p. 53,
pl. x. figs. 5-ro. [Dunkard formation (Permian).].

DIPLOTHMEMA cf. JACQUOTI ZEILLER.

Bull. Geol. Soc. Am., vol. 11, 1900, p. 163. [Pottsville
group: Kanawha formation.]

MARIOPTERIS POTTSVILLEA D. White. Twentieth Ann. Rept. U.
S. Geol. Surv. 1898-’g9, pt. 2, 1906.
This is the plant listed as Pseudopecopteris muricata
396 THE WEST VIRGINIA FOSSIL FLORA

(Schlotheim) Lesquereux “form.” by D. White: Bull. Geol.
Soc. Am., vol. 6, 1895, p. 315. [Pottsville group: Quinni-
mont formation. |

This species is everywhere present in the upper part of
the lower Pottsville.

MARIOPTERIS POTTSVILLEA VAR. The plant listed as Pseudopecop-
teris muricata form. D. White.
Bull. Geol. Soc. Am., vol. 6, 1895, p. 317. [Pottsville
group; Sewell formation. ]

MARIOPTERIS INFLATA (Newberry) D. White.

Bull. Geol. Soc. Am., vol. 11, 1900, p. 161. [Pottsville

group; Kanawha formation. ]
MARIOPTERIS PYGMAEA D. White.

Twentieth Ann. Rept. U. S. Geol. Surv., 1898-’99, pt. 2,
1900, p. 876, pl. cxcii, figs. 2-6. D. White: Bull. Geol. Soc.
Am., vol. 11, 1900, p. 162. [Pottsville group; Kanawha
formation. |

MarIOPTERIS SILLIMANNI (Brongniart) D. White.

Nineteenth Ann. Rept. U. S. Geol. Surv., 1897-1898
[1899], p. 479. D. White, Bull Geol. Soc. Am., vol. 11, 1900,
p. 170. [Allegheny and Conemaugh formations. |

MARIOPTERIS MURICATA (Schlotheim) Zeiller.

Expl. Carte Geol. France, Paris, vol. 4, Atlas, 1878, pl.
clxvii, fig. 5; text 1879, p. 71. D. White, Bull. Geol. Soc.
Am., vol. 11, 1900, p. 161. [Pottsville group; Kanawha
formation, and Nuttall sandstone lentil of Sewell formation.]

MariortTeris ACUTA (Brongniart) Zeiller.

Bull. Soc. Geol. France (3), vol. 7, 1879, p. 98. Recorded
as Pseudopecopteris acuta (Brongniart) by Lesquereux:
Second Geol. Surv. Pa., Rept. Progr. P. (Coal. Fl.), vol. 1,
1880, p. 215, pl. xxxvii, fig. 6. D. White, Bull. Geol. Soc.
Am., vol. 6, 1895, p. 318. [Pottsville group; Nuttall sand-
stone lentil of Sewell formation, and the Kanawha forma-
tion. ]

MArIopTERIS ANDRAENA (Vv. Roehl.) D. White.

Bull. Geol. Soc. Am., vol. 11, 1900, p. 163 [Pottsville

group; Kanawha formation].
MARIOPTERIS LATIFOLIA (Brongniart) Zeiller?

Mem. Soc. Geol. Nord, Lille, vol. 1, No. 3, 1882, p. 5.
This is the Pseudopecopteris latifolia (Brong.) Lesq. form..
D. White: Bull. Geol. Soc. Am., vol. 6, 1895, p. 315.
[Pottsville group; Quinnimont formation and Kanawha
formation. |

Martopteris cf. DIMORPHA (Lesquereux) D, White. This is the
Pseudopecopteris dimorpha Lesquereux: Second Geol. Surv.
Pa., Rept. Progr. P (Coal Fl.), vol. 1, 1880, p. 201, pl.
WEST VIRGINIA GEOLOGICAL SURVEY 397

xxxv, figs. 1-6. D. White: Bull. Geol. Soc. Am., vol. 6,
1895, p- 315. [Pottsville group; Quinnimont formation. |

MarIOPTERIS SPHENOPTEROIDES (Lesquereux) Zeiller. n. var.

Fl. foss. Bass. Houill. Valenciennes, Paris, Atlas, 1886, pl.
xix, figs. 3, 4; text 1888, p. 171. D. White, Bull. Geol. Soc.
Am., vol. 11, Ig00, p. 163. [Pottsville group; Kanawha
formation.] [Also in Allegheny formation.]

MaRIorPreris NERVOSA (Brongniart) Zeiller.

Expl. Carte Geol. France, Paris, vol. 4, Atlas, 1878, pl.
clxvii, figs. 1-4; text 1879, p. 69. D. White, Bull. Geol. Soc.
Am., vol. 11, 1900, p. 161. [Pottsville group; Kanawha
formation.] [Also in the Allegheny and Conemaugh form-
ations. |

Martopteris Newserryi (Lesquereux) D. White.

Bull. Geol. Soc. Am., vol. 11, Ig00, p. 170. [Allegheny
formation. ]

MARIOPTERIS? SPINULOSA (Lesquereux) D. W.

This is the Pseudopecoptcris spinulosa of Lesquereux:
Second Geol. Surv. Pa., Rept. Progr. P, 1880, p. 195, pl. lvi,
fig. I. Millspaugh: Bull. No. 24, W. Va. Agric. Exp. Sta.,
Morgantown, 1892, p. 525. [Conemaugh formation. ]

SPHENOPTERIS Ceroe OPHIOGLOSSOIDES (Lesquereux) D.
White.

Bull. Geol. Soc. Am., vol. 8, 1806 [1897], p. 300 [Sorocla-
dus]. D. White: Bull. Geol. Soc. Am., vol. 11, 1900, p. 170.
[Allegheny and Conemaugh formations. ]

SPHENOPTERIS SPINOSA Goppert.

Gatt. Foss. Pflanzen, pts. 3 & 4, 1842, p. 104, pl. xii. D.
White: Bull. Geol. Soc. Am., vol. 11, 1900, p. 161. [Potts-
ville group; Kanawha formation. ]

SPHENOPTERIS PATENTISSIMA (Ettingshausen) Schimper.

Pal. Veg., vol. 1, 1869, p. 407. D. White: Bull. Geol. Soc.
Am., vol. 6, 1895, p. 315. [Pottsville group; Quinnimont
formation. ]

SPHENOPTERIS cf. Royrt Lesquereux, Second Geol. Surv. Pa.,
Rept. Prog. P (Coal FL.), vol. 3, 1884, p. 768, pl. civ, figs.
7-10. [Pottsville group; Sewell formation.]

SPHENOPTERIS FURCATA Brongniart.

Dict. Sci. Nat., vol. 57 ‘(Prodrome), 1828, p. 59 (50). D.
White: Bull. Geol. Soe. Am., vol. 11, 1900, p. 161. [Potts-
ville group; Kanawha formation.]

SPHENOPTERIS ELEGANS (Brongniart) Sternberg.

Flora d. Vorwelt (Tentamen), 1825, p. xv. pl. xxiii, fig.
2. Millspaugh, Bull. No. 24, W. Va. Agric. Exp. Sta., Mor-
gantown, 1892, p. 527. [Pottsville group; Kanawha forma-
tion. ]
398 THE WEST VIRGINIA FOSSIL FLORA

SPHENOPTERIS DISTANS Sternberg.

Flora d. Vorwelt (Tentamen), 1825, p. xvi. D. White:
Bull. Geol. Soc. Am., vol. 6, 1895, p. 313. [Princeton con-
glomerate (Mississippian).]

SPHENOPTERIS DIVARICATA of Lesquereux.

Second Geol. Surv. Pa., Rept. Prog. P (Coal Fl.), vol. 3,
1884, p. 767, pl. civ, fig. 6. D. White: Bull. Geol. Soc. Am.,
vol. 6, 1895, p. 315. [Pottsville group; Quinnimont forma-
tion. ].

A plant doubtfully referred to the same species occurs in
the Nuttall sandstone lentil of the Sewell formation.

SPHENOPTERIS cf. GOEPPERTI (Ettingshausen) Schimper.

Pal. Veg., vol. 1, 1869, p. 412. D. White: Bull. Geol.
Soc. Am., vol. 6, 1895, p. 315. [Pottsville group; Quinni-
mont formation. ]

SPHENOPTERIS HoENINGHAUSII Brongniart.

Dict. Sci. Nat., vol. 57 (Prodrome), 1828, p. 60 (51). D.
White: Smithsonian Misc. Coll. (Quarterly Issue), vol. 47,
pt. 3, 1905, p. 383, pl. liii, fig. 2. [Pottsville group; Clark,
Quinnimont and Sewell formations.]

SPHENOPTERIS RARINERVIS Fontaine.

Am. Jour. Sci. (3), vol. 11, 1876, p. 381. [Pottsville

group; Clark formation. ]
SPHENOPTERIS cf. LINEARIS Sternberg.

Flora d. Vorwelt (Tentamen), 1825, p. xv, pl. xlii, fig. 4.
D. White: Bull. Geol. Soc. Am., vol. 11, 1900, p. 162. [ Potts-
ville group; Kanawha formation.]

SPHENOPTERIS SUBGENICULATA (Stur) Rothpletz.

Botanisches Centralblatt, Cassel, vol. 1-2, 1880, III, Gratis-
Beilage, No. 1, p. 14, pl. iii, fig. 17. D. White: Bull. Geol.
Soc. Am., vol. 6, 1895, p. 313. [Princeton conglomerate
(Mississippian ).].

SPHENOPTERIS cf. GENICULATA Germar & Kaulfuss.

Nov. Act. Acad. Caes. Leop-Car., vol 15, pt. 2, 1831, p.
224, pl. Ixv, fig. 2. D. White: Bull. Geol. Soc. Am.,vol. 11,
1900, p. 163. [Pottsville group; Kanawha formation.]

SPHENOPTERIS Sp. cf. Hi_tpreti Lesquereux.

Second Geol. Surv. Pa., Rept. Progr. P (Coal FIL.), vol. 1,
1880, p. 283. D. White: Bull. Geol. Soc. Am., vol. 11, 1900,
p. 163. [Pottsville group; Kanawha formation.]

SPHENOPTERIS cf. TRICHOMANOIDES Brongniart.

Hist. Veg. Foss., Paris, vol. 1, 1829, p. 182, pl. xlviii, fig
3. D. White: Bull. Geol. Surv. Am., vol. 11, 1g00, p. 169
[Pottsville group; Kanawha formation. ]
WEST VIRGINIA GEOLOGICAL SURVEY 399

SPHENOPTERIS LINKII (Goeppert) Presl.

In Sternberg, Flora d. Vorwelt, vol. 2 (Versuch), pts. 7
& 8, 1838, p. 132. D. White: Bull. Geol. Soc. Am., vol. 11,
1900, p. 161. [Pottsville group; Kanawha formation.]

SPHENOPTERIS TRACYANA Lesquereux ?

Second Geol. Surv. Pa., Rept. Progr. P (Coal FI.), vol.
3, 1884, p. 766, pl. ci, fig. 2. D. White: Bull. Geol. Soc. Am.,
vol. 11, 1900, p. 161. [Pottsville group; Kanawha forma-
tion. |

SPHENOPTERIS TENELLA Brongniart.

Hist. Veg. Foss., Paris, vol. 1, 1829, p. 186, pl. xlix, fig. 1.
D. White: Bull. Geol. Soc. Am., vol. 11, 1900, p. 169. [Potts
ville group; Kanawha formation. ]

SPHENOPTERIS (ZEILLERIA) DELICATULA Sternberg.

Flora d. Vorwelt (Tentamen), 1825, p. xvi, pl. xxvi, fig. 5.
D. White: Bull. Geol. Soc. Am., vol. 11, 1900, p. 163.
[Pottsville group; Kanawha formation. ]

SPHENOPTERIS FLEXICAULIS Lesquereux.

Second Geol. Surv. Pa., Rept. Prog. P (Coal FI.), vol. 1,
1880, p. 284. D. White: Bull. Geol. Soc. Am., vol. 6, 1895,
p. 317. [Pottsville group; Sewell formation.]

SPHENOPTERIS cf. LariscHit (Stur) Lesquereux.

Second Geol. Surv. Pa., Rept. Prog. P (Coal FI.), vol. 1,
1880, p. 288, pl. lv, figs. 7, 7a. D. White: Bull. Geol. Soc.
Am., vol. 6, 1895, p. 317. [Pottsville group; Sewell forma-
tion. ]

SPHENOPTERIS HYMENOPHYLLOIDES Brongniart.

Dict. Sci. Nat., vol. 57 (Prodrome), 1828, p. 60 (51). D.
White: Bull Geol. Soc. Am., vol. 11, 1900, p. 169. { Potts-
ville group; Kanawha formation. |

SPHENOPTERIS PINNATIFIDA (Lesquereux) D. White.

Bull. Geol. Soc. Am., vol. 8, 1896 [1897], p. 291. D.
White: Bull. Geol. Soc. Am., vol. 11, 1900, p. 171. [Alle-
gheny formation. ]

SPHENOPTERIS DICKSONIOIDES (Goeppert) Schuetze, form.

Abh. Geol. Specialk. Preuss., vol. 4, No. 4, 1882, p. 22.
D. White: Bull. Geol. Soc. Am., vol. 6, 1895, p. 315. [Potts-
ville group; Quinnimont formation. ]

SPHENOPTERIS KARWINENSIS Stur.

Verh. K.-K. Geol. Reichsanst., 1874, p. 299.. D. White:
Bull. Geol. Soc. Am., vol. 11, 1900, p. 169. [Pottsville
group; Kanawha formation. ]

SPHENOPTERIS cf. DUBUISSONIS Brongniart.

Dict. Sci. Nat., vol. 57 (Prodrome), 1828, p. 60 (51).
D. White: Bull. Geol. Soc. Am., vol. 11, 1900, p. 161. [Potts-
ville group; Kanawha formation. ]
400 THE WEST VIRGINIA FOSSIL FLORA

SPHENOPTERIS MINUTI-SECTA Fontaine & I. C. White.

Second Geol. Surv. Pa., Rept. Progr. PP, 1880, p. 43, pl.
v, figs. 1-4. [Conemaugh formation; and Dunkard forma-
tion (Permian). ]

SPHENOPTERIS (Renaultia) MIcRocARPA Lesquereux.

Second Geol. Surv. Pa., Rept. Progr. P (Coal Fl), vol. 1,
1880, p. 280, pl. xlvii, figs. 2-2b. D. White: Bull. Geol. Soc.
Am., vol. 6, 1895, p. 315. [Pottsville group; Quinnimont,
Sewell, and Kanawha formations. ]

SPHENOPTERIS SCHATZLARENSIS Stur.

Abh. K.-K. Geol. Reichsanst., vol. 8, No. 2 (Culm. FI,
pt. 2), 1877, p. 321 (427). D. White: Bull. Geol. Soc. Am.,
vol. II, 1900, pp. 161, 163. [Pottsville group; Kanawha
formation. ]

SPHENOPTERIS CHAEROPHYLLOIDES (Brongniart) Presl.

In Sternberg, Flora d. Vorwelt, vol. 2 (Versuch), pts. 7 &
8, 1838, p. 131. D. White: Bull. Geol. Soc. Am., vol. 11,
1900, p. 170. [Allegheny formation. ]

SPHENOPTERIS BREVILOBA (Fontaine & I. C. White) D. White.

Second Geol. Surv. Pa., Rept. Prog. PP, 1880, p. 86, pl.
xxxi, fig. 3. [Dunkard formation (Permian).]

SPHENOPTERIS FORMOSA (Fontaine & I. C. White) D. White.

Second Geol. Surv. Pa., Rept. Progr. PP, 1880, p. 86, pl.

xxxi, figs. 1-2. [Dunkard formation (Permian).]
SPHENOPTERIS LOBATA (Fontaine & I. C. White) D. White.

Second Geol. Surv. Pa., Rept. Progr. PP, 1880, p. 87, pl.

xxxi, fig. 4. [Dunkard formation (Permian).]
SPHENOPTERIS OBTUSILOBA (Fontaine & I. C. White) D. White.

Second Geol. Surv. Pa., Rept. Prog. PP, 1880, p. 85, pl.

xxx, figs. 5-6. [Dunkard formation (Permian).]
SPHENOPTERIS cf. BROADHEADI D. White.

Mon. U. S. Geol. Survey, vol. 37, 1899, p. 41, pl. xiit, figs.
1,2. D. White: Bull. Geol. Soc. Am., vol. 11, 1900, p. 169.
[Pottsville group; Kanawha formation. ]

SPHENOPTERIS LescurIANA Fontaine & I. C. White.

Second Geol. Survey Pa., Rept. Prog. PP, 1880, p. 44,
pl. vi, fig. 1; pl. vii, figs. 1, 2. [Dunkard formation (Per-
mian).]

SPHENOPTERIS DENTATA Fontaine & I. C. White.

Second Geol. Surv. Pa., Rept. Prog. PP, 1880, p. 42, pl. v.

figs. 7-8. [Dunkard formation (Permian).]
SPHENOPTERIS AURICULATA Fontaine & I. C. White.

Second Geol. Surv. Pa., Rept. Prog. PP, 1880, p. 42, pl.

vii, figs. 3-4. [Dunkard formation (Permian).]
SPHENOPTERIS FOLIOSA Fontaine & I. C. White.

Second Geol. Surv. Pa., Rept. Prog. PP, 1880, p. 44, pl. v,

figs. 9-11. [Dunkard formation (Permian).]
WEST VIRGINIA GEOLOGICAL SURVEY 401

SPHENOPTERIS PACHYNERVIS Fontaine & I. C. White.
Second Geol. Surv. Pa., Rept. Prog. PP, 1880, p. 46, pl.
vii, figs. 5-6. [Dunkard formation (Permian).]
SPHENOPTERIS HASTATA Fontaine & J. C. White.
Second Geol. Surv. Pa., Rept. Prog. PP, 1880, p. 46, pl.
vii, fig. 7. [Dunkard formation (Permian).]
SPHENOPTERIS ACROCARPA Fontaine & I. C. White.
Second Geol. Surv. Pa., Rept. Prog. PP, 1880, p. 40, pl.
ili, figs. 1-3; pl. iv, figs. 1-5. [Dunkard formation (Per-
mian).]
SPHENOPTERIS SP.? Fontaine & I. C. White.
Second Geol. Surv. Pa., Rept. Prog. PP, 1880, p. 42, pl.
xi, figs. 5-7. [Dunkard formation (Permian).]
SPHENOPTERIS cf. CANNELTONENSIS D. White.
Mon. U. S. Geol. Surv., vol. 37, 1899, p. 55, pl. xv, fig. 2.
D. White: Bull. Geol. Soc. Am., vol. 11, 1900, p. 163. [Potts
ville group; Kanawha formation. ]
SPHENOPTERIS MIXTA Schimper.
Pal. Veg., vol. 1, 1869, p. 382. D. White: Bull. Geol. Soc.
Am., vol. 11, 1900, p. 169. [Pottsville group; Kanawha
formation.] [Also in Allegheny formation.]
SPHENOPTERIS cf. STIPULATA Gutbier.
In Reichenbach, Gaa von Sachs. (Verst. Obersachsen),
1843, p. 74. D. White: Bull. Geol. Soc. Am., vol. 11, 1900,
p. 171. [Allegheny formation.]
SPHENOPTERIS COMMUNIS Lesquereux.
Second Geol. Surv. Pa., Rept. Prog. P (Coal FI.), vol. 3,
1884, p. 762, pl. civ, figs. 1, 1a. D. White: Bull. Geol. Soc.
Am., vol. 6, 1895, p. 317. [Pottsville group; Sewell forma-
tion. ]
SPHENOPTERIS SP. D. White.
Bull. Geol. Soc. Am., vol. 6, 1895, p. 313. [Princeton con-
glomerate (Mississippian ).]
SPHENOPTERIS N. SP. D. White.
Bull. Geol. Soc. Am., vol. 6, 1895, p. 314. Near. Poca-
hontas coal. [Pottsville group; Clark formation. ]
OLIGOCARPIA ALABAMENSIS Lesquereux?
Second Geol. Surv. Pa., Rept. Progr. P (Coal Fl.), vol. 1,
1880, p. 266, pl. xlvii, figs. 1-1b. D. White: Bull. Geol. Soc.
Am., vol. 11, 1900, p. 163. [Pottsville group; Kanawha
formation. |
OticocaRrPia sp. D. White.
Bull. Geol. Soc. Am., vol. 11, 1900, p. 163. [Pottsville
group; Kanawha formation. ]
402 THE WEST VIRGINIA FOSSIL FLORA

SPHENOPTERIS (Crossotheca) sacitratus (Lesquereux) D.White.

Bull. Geol. Soc. Am., vol. 11, 1900, p. 171. [Allegheny
formation. ] :

SPHENOPTERIS (Crossotheca) OPHIOGLOSSOIDES (Lesquereux) D.
White.

Bull. Geol. Soc. Am., vol. 8, 1896 [1897], p. 300. D.
White: Bull. Geol. Soc. Am., vol. 11, 1900, p. 169. [Potts-
ville group; Kanawha formation.] [Also in Allegheny
formation. ]

SPHENOPTERIS (Crossotheca) N. sp. cf. CREPINI Zeiller.

Bull. Soc. Geol. de France, 3rd ser., vol. 12, 1884, p. 194.
D. White: Bull. Geol. Soc. Am., vol. 11, 1900, p. 163. [ Potts-
ville group; Kanawha formation. ]

Pecorreris PLUCKENETI Sternberg.

Flora d. Vorwelt (Tentamen), 1825, p. xix. Fontaine &
I. C. White: Second Geol. Surv. Pa., Rept. Progr. PP, p.
67, pl. xxi, figs. 4-5. [Conemaugh formation; and Dunkard
formation (Permian).]

PECOPTERIS PLUCKENETI var. CONSTRICTA Fontaine & I. C. White.

Second Geol. Surv. Pa., Rept. Progr. PP, 1880, p. 68, pl.
xxi, fig. 8. [Dunkard formation (Permian).]

PecopTerts GERMARI (Weiss) Fontaine & I. C. White.

Second Geol. Sutv. Pa., Rept. Progr. PP, 1880, p. 68, pl.
‘xix, figs. 1-7. [Dunkard formation (Permian) .}

PEcopreris GERMARI var. CRASSINERVIS Fontaine & I. C. White.

Second Geol. Surv. Pa., Rept. Progr. PP, 1880, p. 70, pl.
xx, fig. 5. [Dunkard formation (Permian).]

PECOPTERIS GERMARI var. CUSPIDATA Fontaine & J. C. White.

Second Geol. Surv. Pa., Rept. Progr. PP, 1880, p. 70, pl.
xx, fig. 4. [Dunkard formation (Permian).]

PEcopTEeRIS PLUMOSA (Artis) Sternberg?

Flora, Regensburg, vol. t, 1827, p. 137. D. White: Bull.
Geol. Soc. Am., vol. 11, 1900, p. 163.. [Pottsville group;
Kanawha formation, and Nuttall sandstone lentil of the
Sewell formation. ]

PECOPTERIS (?) SERRULATA (Dawson) Hartt, Dawson. Acad.
Geol., London, 2d Ed., 1868. p. 553, text-fig. 192K. D.
White: Bull. Geol. Soc. Am., vol. 6, 1895, p. 317. [Potts-
ville group ; Sewell formation. ]

PECOPTERIS DENTATA Brongniart.

Dict. Sci. Nat., vol. 57 (Prodrome), 1828, p. 67 (58). D.
White: Bull. Geol. Soc. Am., vol. 11, 1900, p. 171. [Alle-
gheny formation. |
WEST VIRGENLA. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY 403

PECOPTERIS DENTATA var. PARVA Fontaine & I. C. White.

Second Geol. Survey Pa., Rept. Progr. PP, 1880, p. 67,
pi. xxii, fig. 2. Millspaugh: Bull. No. 24, W. Va. Agric.
Exp. Sta., \lorgantown, 1892, p. 524. [Dunkard formation
(Permian).]

PECOPTERIS DENTATA var. CRENATA Fontaine & I. C. White.

Fontaine & I. C. White: Second Geol. Surv. Pa., Rept.
Progr. PP, 1880, p. 66, pl. xxii, figs. 1-5. [Dunkard fornr
ation (Permian).]

PECOPTERIS ASPERA Brongniart.

Dict. Sci. Nat., vol. 57 (Prodrome), 1828, p. 67 (58). D.
White: Bull. Geol. Soc. Am., vol. 11, 1900, p. 163. [Potts-
ville group; Kanawha formation.]

PECOPTERIS PACHYPTEROIDES Fontaine & I. C. White.

Second Geol. Surv. Pa., Rept. Progr. PP, 1880, p. 76, pl.

xxvi, figs. 1-4. [Dunkard formation (Permian).]
PECOPTERIS UNITA Brongniart (not P. wiita (F. & 1. C. W.)
D. W.)

Dict. Sci. Nat., vol. 57 (Prodrome), 1828, p. 67 (58). D.
White: Bull. Geol. Soc. Am., vol. 11, 1900, p. 170. [Alle-
gheny and Conemaugh formations. |

PECOPTERIS EMARGINATA (Goeppert) Presl.

In Sternberg, Flora d. Vorwelt- vol. 2 (Versuch), pts. 7 &
8, 1838, p. 158. D. White: Bull. Geol. Soc. Am., vol. 11,
1go00, p. 170, Fontaine & I. C. White: Second Geol. Surv.
Pa., Rept. Progr. PP. 1880, p. 82. [Allegheny formation.1
{[Dunkard formation (Permian).]

PEcOPTERIS (Goniopteris) OBLONGA (Fontaine & I. C. White)
Miller.

Am. Pal. Foss., Supplement, 1883, p. 255. [Dunkard form-
ation (Permian).]

PEcopTeris (Goniopteris) NEWBERRYANA (Fontaine & I. C.
White) Miller.

Am. Pal. Foss., Supplement, 1883, p. 255. Identified by

Zeiller as P. foeminaeformis (Schloth.) (Zeill.) var. dipla-
zioides. [Dunkaard formation (Permian).]

PECOPTERIS (Goniopteris) LONGIFOLIA (Fontaine & I. C. White)
D. White.

Fontaine & I. C. White: Second Geol. Surv. Pa., Rept.

Progr. PP, 1880, p. 82. [Dunkard formation (Permian).]
Pecopreris (Goniopteris) ELLIpTIcA (Fontaine & I. C. White)
D. White.

Fontaine & I. C. White: Second Geol. Surv. Pa., Rept.
Progr. PP, 1880, p. 83, pl. xxx, fig. 1. [Dunkard formation
(Permian).]
404 THE WEST VIRGINIA FOSSIL FLORA

PECOPTERIS (Gonioptcris) sp? Fontaine & I. C. White.

Second Geol. Surv. Pa., Rept. Progr. PP, 1880, p. 83, pl.

xvu, fig. 6. [Dunkard formation (Permian).]
PEcOPTERIS (Goniopteris) ARGUTA (Brongn.) Schimp.

Pal. Veg., vol. 1, 1869, p. 543. Fontaine & I. C. White:
Second Geol. Surv. Pa., Rept. Progr. PP, 1880, p. 82.
{[Dunkard formation (Permian).]

PECOPTERIS GONIOPTEROIDES Fontaine & I. C. White.

Second Geol. Surv. Pa., Rept. Prog. PP, 1880, p. 80, pl.

xxv, fig. 2. [Dunkard formation (Permian).]
PECOPTERIS (GONIOPTERIS) ELEGANS (Germar) Schimper.

Pal. Veg., vol. 1, 1869, p. 542. Fontaine & [. C. White:
Second Geol. Surv. Pa., Rept. Prog. PP, 1880, p. 82. [Dunk-
ard formation (Permian).]

PECOPTERIS ARBORESCENS (Schlotheim) Brongniart.

Dict. Sci. Nat., vol. 57 (Prodrome), 1828, p. 65 (56).
Fontaine & I. C. White: Second Geol. Surv. Pa., Rept. Progr.
PP, 1880, p. 62. [Dunkard formation (Permian). |

PECOPTERIS ARBORESCENS var. INTEGRIPINNA Fontaine & I. C.
White.

Second Geol. Surv. Pa., Rept. Progr. PP, 1880, p. 63, pl.

xxvil, fig. 6. [Dunkard formation (Permian).]
PECOPTERIS MICROPHYLLA Brongniart.

Dict. Sci. Nat., vol. 57 (Prodrome), 1828, p. 67 (58).
Lacoe in Millspaugh: Bull. No. 24, W. Va. Agric. Exp. Sta.,
Morgantown, 1892, p. 524. [Dunkard formation ( Permian). |

PECOPTERIS NODOSA (Goeppert) Schimper.

Pal. Veg., vol. 1, 1869, p. 500, pl. xli, fig. 14. Lesquereux:
Second Geol. Survey Pa., Rept. Progr. P (Coal FI.), vol. 3,
1884, p. 872. [Conemaugh formation. ]

PECOPTERIS VESTITA Lesquereux.

Second Geol. Surv. Pa., Rept. Progr.-P (Coal FI.), vol. 1,
1880, p. 252, pl. xliii, figs. 1-7. D. White: Bull. Geol. Soc.
Am., vol. 11, 1900, p. 170. [Allegheny formation.]

PECOPTERIS VILLOSA Brongniart?

Hist. Veg. Foss., Paris, vol. 1, 1834, p. 315, pl. civ, fig. 3.
D. White: Bull. Geol. Soc. Am., vol. 11, 1900, p. 169. [Alle-
gheny and Conemaugh formations. ]

PECOPTERIS PENNAEFORMIS var. LATIFOLIA Fontaine & I. C. White.

Second Geol. Surv. Pa., Rept. Progr. PP, 1880, p. 65, pl.
xvii, figs. 4, 5. [Dunkard formation (Permian).]

PEcoPTERIS CANDOLLEANA Brongn,

Dict. Sci. Nat., vol. 57 (Prodrome), 1828, p. 65 (56).
Fontaine & I. C. White: Second Geol. Surv. Pa., Rept.
Progr. PP, 1880, p. 63, pl. xx, figs. 1, 2, 3. [Dunkard
formation (Permian). ]
WEST VIRGINIA GEOLOGICAL SURVEY 405

PECOPTERIS OREOPTERIDIA (Schlotheim) Sternberg.
Flora d. Vorwelt (Tentamen), 1825, p. xix. D. White:
Bull. Geol. Soc. Am., vol. 11, 1900, p. 170. Fontaine & I. C.
White: Second Geol. Surv. Pa., Rept. Progr. PP, 1880, p.
64. [Dunkard formation (Permian).] [Allegheny and
Conemaugh formations. |
PECOPTERIS RARINERVIS Fontaine & I. C. White.
Second Geol. Surv. Pa., Rept. Progr. PP, 1880, p. 71, pl.
xx, figs. 6, 7,8. [Dunkard formation (Permian).]
PECOPTERIS IMBRICATA Fontaine & I. C. White.
Second Geol. Surv. Pa., Rept. Progr. PP, 1880, p. 72, pl.
xxiii, fig. 1. [Dunkard formation (Permian).]
PECOPTERIS IMBRICATA Fontaine & I. C. White.
Second Geol. Surv. Pa., Rept. Progr. PP, 1880, p. 72, pl.
xxiii, fig. 1. [Dunkard formation (Permian).]
PECOPTERIS PLATYNERVIS Fontaine & I. C. White.
Second Geol. Surv. Pa., Rept. Progr. PP, 1880, p. 73, pl.
xviii, figs. 1-6. [|Dunkard formation (Permian).]
PECOPTERIS ASPLENIOIDES Fontaine & I. C. White.
Second Geol. Surv. Pa., Rept. Progr. PP, 1880, p. 72, pl.
xxv, fig. 1. [Dunkard formation (Permian).]
PECOPTERIS ROTUNDILOBA Fontaine & I. C. White.
Second Geol. Surv. Pa., Rept. Progr. PP, 1880, p. 74, pl.
xvii, fig. 2. [Dunkard formation (Permian).]
PECOPTERIS ANGUSTIPINNA Fontaine & I. C. White.
Second Geol. Surv. Pa., Rept. Progr. PP, 1880, p. 76, pl.
xxvii, figs. 1-3. [Dunkard formation (Permiaz:).]
PECOPTERIS TENUINERVIS Fontaine & I. C. White.
Second Geol. Surv. Pa., Rept. Progr. PP, 1880, p. 77, pl.
xxviii, figs. 4. [Dunkard formation (Permian).]
PECOPTERIS SUB-FALCATA Fontaine & I. C. White.
Second Geol. Surv. Pa., Rept. Progr. PP, 1880, p. 70, pl.
xxi, figs. 1-2. [Dunkard formation (Permian).]
PeEcopTeris HEERIANA Fontaine & J. C. White.
Second Geol. Surv. Pa., Rept. Progr. PP, 1880, p. 77, pl.
xxv, figs. 3-7. [Dunkard formation (Permian).]
PECOPTERIS SCHIMPERIANA Fontaine & I. C. White.
Second Geol. Surv. Pa., Rept. Progr. PP, 1880, p. 75, pl.
xxiv, figs 1-5. [Dunkard formation (Permian) ]
PECOPTERIS LANCEOLATA Fontaine & I. C. White.
Second Geol. Surv. Pa., Rept. Progr. PP, 1880, p. 79, pl.
xxix, figs. 7,8, 9. [Dunkard formation (Permian).]
PECOPTERIS INCLINATA Fontaine & I. C. White.
Second Geol. Surv. Pa., Rept. Progr. PP, 1880, p. 80, pl.
xxix, fig. 4. [Dunkard formation (Permian).]
406 THE WEST VIRGINIA FOSSIL FLORA

PECOPTERIS NOTATA Lesquereux.

Boston Jour. Nat. Hist., vol. 6 (New Spec. Foss. Plts
Anthr.), 1854, p. 424. Fontaine & I. C. White: Second Geol
Surv. Pa., Rept. Progr. PP, 1880, p. 68. [Monongahela
formation. ]

PEcopTERIS MERIANIOPTEROIDES Fontaine & I. C. White.

Second Geol. Surv. Pa., Rept. Progr. PP, 1880, p. 78, pl.

xxix, figs. 1-2. [Dunkard formation (Permian).]
PECOPTERIS ROTUNDIFOLIA Fontaine & I. C. White.

Second Geol. Surv. Pa., Rept. Progr. PP, 1880, p. 73, pl.

xxiv, fig. 6. [Dunkard formation (Permian).]
Pecorrerts sp.? Fontaine & I. C. White.

Second Geol. Surv. Pa., Rept. Progr. PP, 1880, p. 80, pl.

xxvii, figs. 4, 5, 7. [Dunkard formation (Permian).]
PEcopreRis sp. cf. INTEGRA (Andrae) Schimper.

Pal. Veg., vol. 1, 1869, p. 530. D. White: Bull. Geol. Soc.
Am., vol. 11, 1900, p. 161. [Pottsville group; Kanawha

formation. ]

PECOPTERIS N. SP. cf. CRENULATA Brongniart.

Dict. Sci. Nat., vol. 57 (Prodrome), 1828, p. 66 (57). D.
White: Bull. Geol. Soc. Am., vol. 11, 1900, p. 163. [ Potts-
ville group; Kanawha formation. ]

PECOPTERIS OVOIDES Fontaine & I. C. White.

Second Geol. Surv. Pa., Rept. Progr. PP, 1880, p. 79, pl.

xxix, fig. 3. [Dunkard formation (Permian).]
PECOPTERIS LATIFOLIA Fontaine & I. C. White.

Second Geol. Surv. Pa., Rept. Progr. PP, 1880, p. 79, pl.

xxix, figs. 5-6. [Dunkard formation (Permian).]
Prcorterts cf. JENNEYI D. White.

Mon. U. S. Geol. Surv., vol. 37 (Fl. Low. Coal. Meas.
Mo.), 1899, p. 80, pl. xxxvi, figs. 1, 2. D. White: Bull. Geol.
Soc. Am., vol. 11, 1900, p. 170. [Conemaugh formation. ]

PECOPTERIS PTEROIDES Brongniart.

Dict. Sci. Nat., vol. 57 (Prodrome), 1828, p. 65 (57).
Fontaine & I. C. White: Second Geol. Surv. Pa., Rept. Progr.
PP, 1880, p. 67. [Dunkard formation (Permian).]

Precoprerts Mittoni (Artis) Sternberg.

Flora, Regensburg, vol. 1, 1827, p. 137. Fontaine & I. C.
White: Second Geol. Surv. Pa., Rept. Progr. PP, 1880, p.
65, pl. xxiii, figs. 2, 3. D. \White: Bull. Geol. Soc. Am., vol.
II, 1900, p. 170. [Allegheny & Conemaugh formations. |
[Dunkard formation (Permian).]

PECOPTERIS POLYMORPHA Brongniart.

Dict. Sci. Nat., vol. 57 (Prodrome), 1828, p. 65 (56). D.
White: Bull. Geol. Soc. Am., vol. 11, 1900, p. 172. [Cone-
maugh formation.] [Dunkard formation (Permian).]
WEST VIRGINIA GEOLOGICAL SURVEY 407

PECOPTERIS ELLIPTICA Bunbury.
Quart. Jour. Geol. Soc. London, vol. 2, 1845, p. 84, pl. vii.
Fontaine & I. C. White: Second Geol. Surv. Pa., Rept. Progr.
PP, 1880, p. 64, pl. xvii, fig. 1. [Dunkard formation (Per-
mian).]
Pecopreris (Callipteridium) GRANDIFOLIA (Fontaine & I. C.
White) D. White.
Second Geol. Surv. Pa., Rept. Progr. PP, 1880, p. 58, pl.
xv. figs. I-4; pl. xvi, figs. 2-4. D. White: Bull. Geol. Soc.
cAm., vol. 14, 1904, p. 540. [Dunkard formation (Permian).]
Pecopteris (Callipteridium) oBLoNGIFoLIA (Fontaine & I. C.
White) D. White.
Second Geol. Surv. Pa., Rept. Progr. PP, 1880, p. 56, pl.
xu, figs. 1-5 .[Dunkard formation (Permian).]
Pecorreris (Callipteridium) ODONTOPTEROIDES (Fontaine & I. C.
White) D. White.
Second Geol. Surv. Pa., Rept. Progr. PP, 1880, p. 59, pl.
xvi, fig. 1. D. White: Bull. Geol. Soc. Am., vol. 14, 1904, p.
539. [Dunkard formation (Permian).]
Pecorreris (Calliptcridium) untrA (Fontaine & I. C. White)
D. White.
Second Geol. Surv. Pa., Rept. Progr. PP, 1880, p. 60, pl.
xiv, figs. 2, 3. [Dunkard formation (Permian).]
PecopTeris (Callipteridiunm) DAWSONIANIANA (Fontaine & I. C.
White) D. White.
Second Geol. Surv. Pa., Rept. Progr. PP, 1880, p. 56, pl.
xiii, figs. 1-2; pl. xiv, fig. 1. D. White: Bull. Geol. Soc. Am.,
vol. 14, 1904, p. 539. [Dunkard formation (Permian).]
Pecopteris sp. D. White.
Bull. Geol. Soc. Am., vol. 11, 1900, p. 172. [Conemaugh
formation).
ALETHOPTERIS DECURRENS (Artis) Sternberg.
Flora, Regensburg, vol. 1, 1827, p. 138. D. White: Bull.
Geol. Soc. Am., vol. 11, Ig0c, p. 161. [Pottsville group,
Kanawha formation.] Characteristic of the middle and
upper Pottsville.
ALETHOPTERIS AQUILINA (Schlotheim) Goeppert.
Nov. Acta Acad. Caes. Leop. Car., vol. 17, Suppl. (Syst.
Fil. Foss.), 1836, p. 298. Lacoe in Millspaugh: Bull. No.
24, W. Va. Agric. Exp. Sta., \lorgantown, 1892, p. 519.
[Conemaugh formation. ]
ALETHOPTERIS LONCHITICA (Schlotheim) Sternberg.
Flora d. Vorwelt (Tentamen), 1825, p. xxi. D. White:
Bull. Geol. Soc. Am., vol. 11, 1900, p. 163. [Pottsville group:
Sewell? and Kanawha formation].
Characteristic of the upper Pottsville. The typical form is
unknown in the Allegheny or later beds.
408 THE WEST VIRGINIA FOSSIL FLORA

ALETHOPTERIS SERLII (Brongniart) Goeppert.

Nov. Act. Acad. Caes. Leop. Car., vol. 17, Suppl. (Sys. Fil.
Foss.) 1836, p. 301, pl. xxi, figs. 6-7. D. White: Bull. Geol.
Soc. Am., vol. II, 1G00, p. ‘161,

Species mainly ‘confined to the Allegheny and upper Potts-
ville formations. [Pottsville group; Kanawha formation].
[Conemaugh formation].

ALETHOPTERIS SERLIT VAR. EUROPAEA (Brongniart) Goeppert.

Nov. Act. Acad. Caes. Leop. Car., vol. 17, 1874, Suppl.
(Sys. Fil. Foss.), 1836, p. 301. Fontaine: Amer. Jour. Sci.,
3rd _ser., vol. 7, 1874, p. 574; ibid, vol. 11, 1876, p. 379.
[Pottsville group; Sewell formation].

This species is near 4lethopteris helenae, Lesquereux
(Geol Surv. Alabama, Rept. Prog., 1875 [1876], p. 77), a
type known only in the Pottsville. It is probably the plant
listed by Fontaine as Alethopteris Serlit.

ALETHOPTERIS SERLII VAR. AMERICANA (Brongniart) Goeppert

Nov. Act. Acad. Caes. Leop. Car., vol. 17, Suppl. (Sys. Fil.
Foss.), 1836, p. 301. Fontaine: Amer. Jour. Sci., 3rd ser.,
vol. 7, 1874, p. 574. [Pottsville group; Sewell formation].

ALETHOPTERIS MasstLtonts (Lesquereux) D. White.

Second Geol. Surv. Pa., Rept. Prog. P, 1880, p. 173.
Lacoe, in Millspaugh: Bull. No. 24, W. Va. Agric. Exp.
Sta, Morgantown, 1892, p. 520. [Pottsville group; Kanawha
formation].

ALETHOPTERIS cf. GRANDIFOLIA Newberry.

Ann. Sci., Cleveland, vol. 1, 1853, p. 107. Fontaine: Amer.
Jour. Sci., 3rd ser., vol. 11, 1876, p. 379. [Pottsville group:
Clark formation].

ALETHOPTERIS Evansit Lesquereux.
Second. Geol. Surv. Pa., Rept. Prog. P, (Coal FI.), vol 3,
1884, p. 834. D. White: Bull. Geol. Soc. Amer., vol. 6, 1895,
p. 317. [Pottsville group; Sewell formation].
ALETHOPTERIS cf.’ AMBIGUA Lesquereux.

In I. C. White: Geol. Surv. Pa., Rept. Prog. Q, 1875
[1878], p. 54. D. White: Bull. Geol. Soc. Am., vol. 6, 1895,
p. 318. [Pottsville group; Nuttall sandstone lentil of Sewell
formation].

ALETHOPTERIS PENNSYLVANICA Lesquereux,

Boston Jour. Nat. Hist., vol. 6, 1854, p. 433. D. White:
Bull. Geol. Soc. Am., vol. 11, 1900, p. 172. [Allegheny for-
mation].

ALETHOPTERIS VIRGINIANA Fontaine & I. C. White.
Second Geol. Surv. Pa., Rept. Prog. PP, 1880, p. &8, pl.
xxxii, figs. 1-5; pl. xxxili, figs. 1-4. [Dunkard formation
(Permian).]
WEST VIRGINIA GEOLOGICAL SURVEY 409

ALETHOPTERIS GIGAS (Gutbier) Geinitz.

Leitpfl. Rothl. u. Zechst. Sachsen, 1858, p. 12, pl. i, figs.
2-3. Fontaine & I. C. White: Second Geol. Surv. Pa., Rept.
Prog. PP, 1880, p. 89, pl. xxxiii, figs. 5-6. [Dunkard
formation (Permian). ]

ALETHOPTERIS Sp. D. White.

Bull. Geol. Soc. Am., vol. 6, 1895, p. 315. [Pottsville

group; Quinnimont formation].
ALETHOPTERIS sp. D. White.

Bull. Geol. Soc. Am., vol. 6, 1895, p. 315. [Pottsville

group; Clark formation. ]
CALLIPTERIDIUM sp. D. White.

Bull. Geol. Soc. Am., vol. 6, 1895, p. 317. [Pottsville

group; Sewell formation.]
CALLIPTERIDIUM INAEQUALE Lesquereux.

Second Geol. Surv. Pa., Rept. Prog. P, 1880, p. 168, pl.
Xxxiii, figs. 2-5. D. White: Bull. Geol. Soc. Am., vol. 11,
1goo, p. 172. [Allegheny formation].

CALLIPTERIS CONFERTA (Sternberg) Brongniart.

Dict. Univ. Hist. Nat., vol. 13 (Tableau), 1849, p. 66 (17).
Fontaine & I. C. White: Second Geol. Surv. Pa., Rept. Prog.
PP, 1880, p. 54, pl. xi, figs. 1-4. [Dunkard formation
(Permian).]

CALLIPTERIS LYRATIFOLIA VAR. CORIACEA (Fontaine & I. C. White)
D. White.

This is the Sphenopteris coriacea of Fontaine and I C.
White: Second Geol. Surv. Pa., Rept. Prog. PP, 1880, p. 41,
pl. v, figs. 5-6. D. White: Bull. Geol. Soc. Am., vol. 1a,
1904, p. 539. [Dunkard formation (Permian).]

CALLIPTERIS CURRETIENSIS Zeiller.

In Mouret: Bass. Houill. Perm. Brive (Stratigr., pt. 1),
1891, p. 83. D. White: Bull. Geol. Soc. Am., vol. 14, 1903,
p. 539; W. Va., Geol. Surv., vol. 2, 1903, p. 120. [Dunkard
formation (Permian).]

CARDIOPTERIS FRONDOSA (Goeppert) Schimper?

Pal. Veg., vol. 1, 1869, p. 453, pl. xxv. Lacoe in Mills-
paugh: Bull. No. 24, W. Va. Agric. Exp. Sta., Morgantown,
1892, p. 521. The identification of this species is very doubt-
ful. [Pocono sandstone].

Mecatorterts sp. D. White.

Am. Jour. Sci., 3rd ser., vol. 11, 1876, p. 383. [Pottsville

group; Kanawha formation].
Mecatorterts cf. DAwsoni (Hartt) Andrews.

Rept. Geol. Surv. Ohio, vol. 2, pt. 2, Palaeont., 1875, p. 415.
D. White: Bull. Geol. Soc. Am., vol. 6, 1895, p. 315. [Potts-
ville group; Quinnimont formation].
410 THE WEST VIRGINIA FOSSIL FLORA

MEGALOPTERIS SEWELLENSIS Fontaine.

Am. Jour. Sci., 3rd ser., vol. 11, 1876, p. 383. [Pottsville

group; Sewell formation]. ,
MEGALOPTERIS SEWELLENSIS Fontaine.

Am, Jour. Sci., 3rd ser., vol. 11, 1876, p. 383. D. White:
Bull. Geol. Soc. Am., vol. 6, 1895, p. 315. [Pottsville group;
Quinnimont formation].

AIEGALOPTERIS Hartir Andrews.
» Rept. Geol. Surv. Ohio, vol. 2, pt. 2, Palaeont., 1875, p.
410, pl. xlvi, figs. 1, ra. Fontaine: Amer.Jour. Sci., 3rd ser.,
vol. 11, 1876, p. 382. Probably the species earlier listed by
Fontaine as M. Dawsoni (Amer. Jour. Sci., vol. 7, 1874, p.
574. [Pottsville group; Sewell formation.]

TAENIOPTERIS LEScuRIANA Fontaine & I. C. White.

Second Geol. Surv. Pa., Rept. Prog. PP, 1880, p. gt, pl.
xxxiv, fig. 9. [Dunkard formation (Permian).]

TAENIOPTERIS NEWBERRIANA Fontaine & I. C. White.

Second Geol. Surv. Pa., Rept. Prog. PP, 1880, p. 91, pl.

xxxiv, figs. 1-8. [Dunkard formation (Permian).]
TAENIOPTERIS NEWBERRIANA VAR. ANGUSTA Fontaine & I. C.
White.

Second Geol. Surv. Pa., Rept. Prog. PP, 1880, pl. xxxiv,

fig. 8. [Dunkard formation (Permian).]
Nevropteris Pocanontas D. White.

Twentieth Ann. Rept. U. S. Geol. Surv., 1898-’99, pt. 2,
1900, p. 888, pl. clxxxix figs. 4, 4a; pl. cxci, figs. 5, 5a.
[Pottsville group; Clark and Thurmond formations].

Type characteristic of the Pocahontas or lowest Pottsville.
It gave rise to numerous variations, several of which are
distinct species. In the upper part (Quinnimont formation)
of the lower Pottsville it is replaced by a group of forms,
generally listed as N. Smithiit Lesq. (see below), while in the
middle Pottsville it is followed by forms probably indis-
tinguishable from N. Schlehani Stur.

NEuROPTERIS SMITH! Lesquereux.

Geol. Surv. Alabama, Rept. Prog. 1875 [1876], p. 76. D.
White: Bull. Geol. Soc. Am., vol. 6, 1895, p. 314. [Potts-
ville group; Clark and Quinnimont formations].

This species, everywhere present in the lower Pottsville,
and represented by derivatives in the middle Pottsville, be-
longs to the group referred by European palecbotanists to
Neuropteris Schlehant.

NEUROPTERIS SCHLEHANI Stur. var, D. White.

Abh. K. K. Geol. Reichsanst., vol. 8, No. 2 (Culm. FI., pt.
2), 1877, p. 183 (289), pl. xi, figs. 7, 8a-c. [Pottsville group;
Sewell formation].
WEST VIRGINIA GEOLOGICAL SURVEY 4II

NEUROPTERIS BIFORMIS Lesquereux (form) D. White.

Bull. Geol. Soc. Am., vol. 6, 1895, p. 317. [Pottsville
group; Sewell formation].

Nevropreris ELropr Lesquereux (form) D. White.

Bull. Geol. Soc. Am., vol. 6, 1895, p. 317. [Pottsville
group; Sewell formation].

NEUROPTERIS TENUIFOLIA (Schlotheim) Sternberg.

Flora d. Vorwelt (Tentamen), 1825, p. xvii. [Pottsville
group; Clark formation].

Species characteristic of the upper Pottsville, especially
the Mercer group. - The plant referred by Fontaine (Amer.
Jour. Sci., New Haven, vol. 11, 1876, p. 380), te this species
is undoubtedly referable to the N. Sinithii type.

NEUROPTERIS FLEXUOSA Sternberg.

Flora d. Vorwelt (Tentamen), 1825, p. xvi, pl. xxxii, fig.
2, D. White: Bull. Geol. Soc. Am., vol. 11, 1900, p. 164.
[Pottsville group; Kanawha formation.]

Abundant in the Kanawha formation and the Mercer coat
group. The species from the Dunkard formation listed (Sec-
ond Geol. Surv. Pa., Rept. Prog. PP, p. 49), under this name
is quite distinct.

NEUROPTERIS PLANCHARDI VAR. LONGIFOLIA (Fontaine & 1. C.
White) D. White.

Second Geol. Surv. Pa., Rept. Prog. PP, 1880, p. 49, pl.
viii, fig. 1. D. White: Bull. Geol. Soc. Am., vol. 14, 1903
[1904], p. 540. [Dunkard formation (Permian).]

This variety is specifically distinct from N. flexuosa.

NEvuROPTERIS LINDLEYANA Sternb., var. Fontaine.
Am. Jour. Sci., 3rd ser., vol. 11, 1876, p. 381. [Pottsville
group; Quinnimont formation].

The species listed under this name is probably the N. Poca-
hontas D. White. m

NEUROPTERIS RARINERVIS Bunbury.

Quart. Jour. Geol. Soc., London, vol. 3, 1847, p. 425, pl
xxii. D. White: Bull. Geol. Soc. Am., vol. 11, 1900, p. 169.
[Pottsville group; Kanawha formation]. [Also in Alle-
gheny formation].

Plant unknown below the “Mercer Coal group” and upper
Kanawha.

NEUROPTERIS SP. cf. GIGANTEA Sternberg.

Flora d. Vorwelt (Tentamen), 1825, p. xvii, pl. xxii. D.
White: Bull. Geol. Soc. Am., vol. 11, 1900, p. 163. [Potts-
ville group; Kanawha formation.]

Type is strictly Pottsville.

Nevrorteris ovata Hoffman.

Teutschl. geogn. geol. dargest., Weimar, vol. 4, 1826, p.

159, pl. lb, figs. 58. D. White: Bull. Geol. Soc. Am., vol
ai2 THE WEST VIRGINIA FOSSIL FLORA

II, 1900, p. 169. [Pottsville group; Kanawha formation. ]
[Also in the Allegheny and Conemaugh formations.]
|Dunkard formation (Permian).]

In West Virginia this species is not known below the
highest horizons of the Kanawha.

NEUROPTERIS GIBBOSA Lesquereux.

Boston Jour. Nat. Hist., vol. 6, 1854, p. 418. Lacoe, in
Millspaugh: Bull. No. 24, W. Va., Agric. Exp. Sta., Morgan-
town, 1892, p. 522. [Dunkard formation (Permian).|

NEUROPTERIS PLICATA Sternberg.

Flora d. Vorwelt (Tentamen), 1825, p. xvi. Lacoe, in
Millspaugh: Bull. No. 24, W. Va. Agric. Exp. Sta. Morgan-
town, 1892, p. 523. Probably identified with the preceeding
species. [Dunkard formation (Permian).]

NEUROPTERIS VERMICULARIS Lesquereux.

Second Rept. Geol. Reconn. Arkansas, 1860, p. 315. D.
White: Bull. Geol. Soc. Am., vol. 11, 1900, p. 171. [Alle-
gheny formation].

So far as known this species is confined to the lower part
of the Allegheny.

NeEurorteris cf. Carrit Lesquereux.

Second Geol. Surv. Pa., Rept. Prog. P, (Coal Fl.), vol. 3,
1884, p. 731, pl. xciv, figs. 4-7. D. White: Bull. Geol. Soc.
Am., vol. II, 1900, p. 169. [Pottsville group; Kanawha
formation].

This plant belongs to a group unknown below the highest
horizon of the Pottsville.

Nevropteris Cristi Brongniart.

Dict. Sci. Nat., vol. 57 (Prodrome), 1828, p. 52 (53). D.
White: Bull. Geol. Soc. Am., vol. 11, 1900, p. 164. [Potts-
ville group; Kanawha formation].

NEvROPTERIS GRANGERI Brongniart.

Dict. Sci. Nat., vol. 57 (Prodrome), 1828, p. 62; (53),
Lacoe, in Millspaugh: Bull. No. 24, W. Va. Agric. Exp. Sta.
Morgantown, 1892, p. 522. [Conemaugh formation].

NEvuROPTERIS CALLOSA Lesquereux,.

Second Geol. Surv. Pa., Rept. Prog. P (Coal FI.), vol. 1.

1880, p. 115, pl. xvi, figs. 1-8. [Conemaugh formation].
NEUROPTERIS DICTYOPTEROIDES Fontaine & J. C. White.

Second Geol. Surv. Pa., Rept. Prog. PP, 188c, p. 49, pl.

viii, figs. 3-5. [Dunkard formation (Permian).]
NEUROPTERIS FIMBRIATA Lesquereux.

Third Rept. Geol. Surv. Kentucky, Frankfort, 1857, p. 536.
D. White: Bull. Geol. Soc. Am., vol. 11, 1900, p. 171. [Alle-
gheny and Conemaugh formations.] [Dunkard formation
(Permian). ]
WEST VIRGINIA GEOLOGICAL SURVEY 413

Nevuropteris cf. ZEILLERI Potonie.

Jahrb. K. Preuss. Geol. Landesanst., Berlin, vol. 12, 1891
[1893], p. 22, text-fig. 5. D. White: Bull. Gec!. Soc. Am.,
vol. II, 1900, p. 161. [Pottsville group; Kanawha forma:
tion].

NEUROPTERIS SCHEUCHZERI Hoffman,

Teutschl. geogn. geol. dargest., Weimar, vol. 4, 1826, p.
157, pl. lb, figs. 1-4. D. White: Bull. Geol. Scc.-Am., vol.
II, 1900, p. 169.

This fossil, long known as N. hirsuta Lesq., is very abun-
dant in the Allegheny and higher beds, but not known below
the A\lercer group and topmost Kanawha. [Pottsville group;

Kanawha formation.] [Also in Conemaugh and Allegheny
formations. ]

NEUROPTERIS ODONTOPTEROIDES Fontaine & I. C. White.
Second Geol. Surv. Pa., Rept. Prog. PP, 1880, p. 50, pl.
ix, figs. 1-6. [Dunkard formation (Permian).]

NEUROPTERIS CORDATA Brongniart.
Hist. Veg. Foss., Paris, vol. 1, 1830, p. 220, pl. Ixiv, fig. 5.
Fontaine & I. C. White: Secondi Geol. Surv. Pa., Rept. Prog.
PP, 1880, p. 51. [Dunkard formation (Permian). ]

NEUROPTERIS AURICULATA Brongniart.
Hist. Veg. Foss., Paris, vol. 1, 1830, p. 236, pl. Ixvi. Fon-
taine & I. C. White: Second Geol. Surv. Pa.,.Rept. Progr.
PP, 1880, p. 50. [Dunkard formation (Permian).]

NEUROPTERIS CRENULATA Brongniart.
Hist. Veg. Foss., Paris, vol. 1, 1830, p. 234, pl. xiv, fig. 2.
Lesquereux: Second Geol. Surv. Pa., Rept. Prog. P (Coal
FL.), vol. 3, 1884, p. 871. [Conemaugh formation. |

Neuropterts AGAssiz1 Lesquereux.
Second Geol. Surv. Pa., Rept. Prog. P (Coal Fl.), vol.
T, 1880, p. 117, pl. xvii, figs. 1-4. D. White: Buil. Geol. Soc.
Am., vol. I1, 1900, p. 172. [Allegheny formation. ]
Doubtful identification.

NEUROPTERIS N. SP. No. 1, D. White.

Bull. Geol. Soc. Am., vol. 11, 1900, p. 164. [Allegheny
formation].

Neuropteris sp. D. White.
Bull. Geol. Soc. Am., vol. 6, 1895, p. 318. [Pottsville
group; Nuttall sandstone lentil of the Sewell formation. ]
NEUROPTERIS SP. ? Fontaine.
Amer. Jour. Sci., 3rd ser., vol. 11, 1876, p. 378. [Potts-
ville group; Sewell formation].
414 THE WEST VIRGINIA FOSSIL FLORA

LINOPTERIS OBLIQUA (Bunbury) Zeiller.
Mem. Soc. Geol. France, vol. 8, Mem. 21, 1899, p. 46, pl.
xx (iv), figs. 14-17. D. White: Bull. Geol. Soc. Am., vol.
II, 1900, p. 172. [Allegheny formation].
A plant characteristic of middle and upper Allegheny.
LESCUROPTERIS ADIANTITES Lesquereux.
Second Geol. Surv. Pa., Rept. Prog. P, 1880, p. 163, pl.
xxvi, fig. 4. Millspaugh: Bull. No. 24, W. Va. Agric. Exp.
Sta., Morgantown, 1892, p. 522. [?Dunkard formation
(Permian). ]
Lescurorreris Moor (Lesquereux) Schimper.
Pal. Veg., vol. 1, 1869, p. 465. Millspaugh: Bull. No. 24,
W. Va. Agric. Exp. Sta., Morgantown, 1892, p. 522. [Cone-
meaugh formation].
ODONTOPTERIS NEUROPTEROIDES Newberry.
Ann. Sci., Cleveland, vol. 1, 1853, p. 106. Fontaine: Amer.
Jour. Sci., 3rd ser., vol. 11, 1876, p. 383. [Pottsville group;
Quinnimont formation].
Probably wrongly identified and may be N. Pocahontas,
D. White.
ODONTOPTERIS OBTUSILOBA VAR. RARINERVIS Fontaine & I. C.°
White.
Second Geol. Surv. Pa., Rept. Prog. PP, 1880, p. 52.
[Dunkard formation (Permian).]
ODONTOPTERIS NERVOSA Fontaine & I. C. White.
Second Geol. Surv. Pa., Rept. Prog. PP, 1880, p. 52, pl. x,
figs. 1-2. [Dunkard formation (Permian).]
ODONTOPTERIS WORTHENI Lesquereux.
Geol. Surv. Illinois, vol. 2, 1866, Pal., p. 432, pl. xxxvi,
figs. 1, Ib. D. White: Bull. Geol. Soc. Am., vol. 11, 1900, p
172. [Allegheny formation. ]
ODONTOPTERIS SUBCUNEATA Bunbury.
Quart. Jour. Geo!. Soc., London, vol. 3, 1847, p. 427, pl.
xxiii, figs. 1A, 1B. D. White: Bull. Geol. Soc. Am., vol. 11,
1900, p. 171. [Allegheny formation. ]
ODONTOPTERIS DENSIFOLIA Fontaine & I. C. White...
Second Geol. Surv. Pa:, Rept. Progr. PP, 1880, p. 54, pl.
x, fig. 3. Dunkard formation (Permian).]
ODONTOPTERIS AEQUALIS Lesquereux.
Geol. Surv. Illinois, vol 2, 1866, Pal., p. 434, pl. xxxvi, fig.
2. D. White: Bull. Geol. Soc. Am., vol. 11, 1900, p. 171.
[Allegheny formation.]
OpontorTeris NEwBerryi Lesquereux.
Second Geol. Surv. Pa. Rept. Progr. P, 1880, p. 127.
Millspaugh: Bull. No. 24, W. Va. Agric. Exp. Sta., Morgan-
town, 1892, p. 523. [Pottsville group; Sewell formation.]
WEST VIRGINIA GEOLOGICAL SURVEY 415

OpoNTOPTERIS REICHIANA Gutbier.

Abdr. Verst. Zwick, Schwarzk., Zwickau, 1835, p. 65, pl.
ix, figs. 1-3, 5, 7; pl. x, fig. 13. Millspaugh: Bull. No. 24,
W. Va. Agric. Exp. Sta., Morgantown, 1892, p. 523.
[Dunkard formation (Permian).]

ODONTOPTERIS GRACILLIMA Newberry.

Rept. Geol. Surv. Ohio, vol. 1, pt. 2, Palaeont., 1873, p.

378, pl. xlvi, figs. 1-3a. Fontaine: Amer. Jour. Sci., 3rd
ser., vol. 11, 1876, p. 378. [Pottsville group; Sewell forma-
tion and Nuttall sandstone lentil in the Sewell.]

CAULOPTERIS GIGANTEA Fontaine & I. C. White.

Second Geol. Surv. Pa., Rept. Progr. PP, 1880, p. 95, pl.
xxxvi, fig. 1; pl. xxxviii, fig. 5. [Dunkard formation (Per-
mian).]

CAULOPTERIS ELLIPTICA Fontaine & I. C. White.

Second Geol. Surv. Pa., Rept. Progr. PP, 1880, p. 95, pl.

xxxv, figs. 4, 5. [Dunkard formation (Permian).]
APHLEBIA SPINOSA (Goeppert) D. White.

Bull. Geol. Soc. Am., vol. 8, 1896 [1897], p. 292 [Sphe-

nopteris]. [Pottsville group; Clark formation. |
APHLEBIA (Rhacophyllum) LActNIATA (Fontaine & I. C. White)
Sellards.

Second Geol. Surv. Pa., Rept. Progr. PP, 1880, p. 94, pl.
xxxv, fig. 2. Sellards: Univ. Geol. Surv. Kansas, vol. 9,
1908, p. 454. [Dunkard formation (Permian).]

APHLEBIA FILICIFORMIS (Gutbier) Schimper.

Pal. Veg., vol. 1, 1869, p. 685, pl. xlviti, figs. 3-6. Lacoe,
in Millspaugh: Bull. No. 24, W. Va. Agric. Exp. Sta., Mor-
gantown, 1892, p. 526. [Conemaugh formation. ]

APHLEBIA LACTUCA (Presl) Sterzel.

Erlaut. Geol. Specialk. Konigr. Sachsen, Leipzig, Blatt
113, 1881, p. 104. Fontaine: & I. C. White: Second Geol.
Surv. Pa.. Rept. Progr. PP, 1880, p. 94. [Dunkard forma-
tion (Permian).]

APHLEBIA SPECIOSISsIMA (Schimper) D. White.

Pal. Veg., vol. 1, 1869, p. 685. Fontaine & I. C. White:
Second Geol. Surv. Pa., Rept. Progr. PP, 1880, p. 94.
(Dunkard formation (Permian).]

APHLEBIA FILICIFORMIS var. MAJUS (Fontaine & I. C. White) D.
White.

Second Geol. Surv. Pa., Rept. Progr. PP, 1880, p. 93, pl.

xxxv, fig. 1. [Dunkard formation (Permian).]
EQUISETITES RUGOSUS Schimper.

Pa]. Veg.. vol. 1, 1869, p. 287, pl. xvii, figs. 1-3. Fontaine
& I. C. White: Second Geol. Surv. Pa., Rept. Progr. PP,
T880, p. 33, pl. i, fig. 6. [Dunkard formation (Permian).]
416 THE WEST VIRGINIA FOSSIL FLORA

EQUISETITES STRIATUS Fontaine & J. C. White.

Second Geol. Surv. Pa., Rept. Progr. PP, 1880, p. 34, pl.

i, fig. 5. [Dunkard formation (Permian).]
EQUISETITES ELONGATUS Fontaine & I. C. White.

Second Geol. Surv. Pa., Rept. Progr. PP, 1880, p. 33, pl.

i, figs. 1-4.. [Dunkard formation (Permian).]
EQUISETITES OCCIDENTALIS Lesquereux.

Geol. Surv. Illinois, vol. 4, Pal. pt. 2, 1870, p. 425, pl. xx,
fig. 5. D. White: Bull. Geol. Soc. Am., vol. 6, 1895, p. 315.
[Pottsville group; Clark and Quinnimont formations. ]

Known only in lower Pottsville of West Virginia, Tennes-
see and Georgia. It may be the same as the fossil described
by Fontaine as Equisetites sp.? (Amer. Jour. Sci., 3rd ser.,
vol. 11, 1876, p. 381).

ASTEROCALAMITES SCROBICULATUS (Schlotheim) Zeiller.

Expl. Carte Geol. France, Paris, vol. 4, Atlas, 1878, pl.
clix, fig. 21; text 1879, p. 16. [Pottsville group; Clark and
Quinnimont formations. }

This species is generally known in our American literature
as Borma radiata (Brongniart) Schimper (Pal. Veg., vol.
IT, 1869, p. 335, pl. xxiv, figs. t-10). D. White: Bull. Geol.
Soc. Am., vol. 6, 1895, p. 315. Species generally character-
istic of the upper Mississippian. The identification of this
plant in the Pennsylvanian is questionable.

CALAMITES SucKow! Brongiart.

Hist. Veg. Foss., Paris, vol. 1, 1828, p. 124, pl. xiv, fig. 6;
pl. xv, figs. 1-6; pl. xvi. D. White: Bull. Geol. Soc. Am..
vol. II, 1900, p. 164. [Pottsville group; Kanawha forma-
tion. |

CaLAMITES SucKow! Brongniart.

Hist. Veg. Foss., Paris, vol. 1, 1828, p. 124. pl. xiv, fig. 6;
pl. xv, figs. 1-6; pl. xvi. Fontaine: & I. C. White: Second
Geol. Surv. Pa., Rept. Progr. PP, 1880, p. 35. [Dunkard
formation (Permian).]

CaLAmiItTeEs Cistit Brongniart.

Hist. Veg. Foss., Paris, vol. 1, 1828, p. 129, pl. xx. D.
White: Bull. Geol. Soc. Am., vol. 11, 1900, p. 164. [Potts-
ville group; Kanawha formation.] [Also in Allegheny form-
ation. |

CALAMITES CANNAEFORMIS Schlotheim.

Petrefactenkunde, Gotha, 1820, p. 398, pl. xx, fig. 1. Fon-
taine: Amer. Jour. Sci., 3rd ser., vol. r1, 1876, p. 370.
[ Pottsville group; Quinnimont formation. ]

CALAMITES RoEMERI Goppert?

Zeitscher. Deutsch. Geol. Ges., vol. 3, 1851, p. 190. Fon-
taine: Amer. Jour. Sci., ard. ser., vol. 11, 1876, p. 378.
[ Pottsville group; Sewell formation. ]
WEST VIRGINIA GEOLOGICAL SURVEY 417

CALAMITES RAMOSUS Artis.

Antediluvian Phytology, London, 1825, p. 2, pl. ii. D.
White: Bull. Geol. Soc. Am., vol. 11, 1900, p. 161. [Potts
ville group; Kanawha formation. ]

CALAMITES APPROXIMATUS Schlotheim.

Petrefactenkunde, Gotha, 1820, p. 399. Fontaine: Amer.
Jour. Sci., 3rd ser., vol. 11, 1876, p. 383. D. White: Bull:
Geol. Soc. Am., vol. 11, 1900, p. 164. [Pottsville group;
Sewell, including Nuttall sandstone lentil, and Kanawha
formations. ]

CALAMITES sp. D. White.
Bull. Geol. Soc. Am., vol. 6, 1895, p. 315. [Pottsville
group; Quinnimont formation. ]
CALAMITINA sp. D. White.
Bull. Geol. Soc. Am., vol. 11, 1g00, p. 164. [Pottsville
group; Kanawha formation.]
CALAMODENDRON sp. D. White.
Bull. Geol. Soc. Am., vol. 11, 1900, p. 164. [Pottsville
group; Kanawha formation. ]
ASTEROPHYLLITES MINUTUS Andrews.
Rept. Geol. Surv., Ohio, vol. 2, pt. 2, Palaeont., 1875, p.
424, pl. li, figs. 4, 4a. D. White: Bull. Geol. Sec. Am., vol.
6, 1895, p. 315; Bull. Geol. Soc. Am., vol. 11, 1900, p. 161
and 164. Species in general characteristic of the Pottsville
group: [Princeton conglomerate?? (Mississippian).]
[Pottsville group; Quinnimont and Kanawha formations
and Nuttall sandstone lentil of Sewell formation. ]
ASTEROPHYLLITES GRACILIS Lesquereux.
Second Rept. Geol. Recom. Arkansas, 1860, p. 310, pl. ii,
fig. 4. D. White: Bull. Geol. Soc. Am., vol. 6, 1895, p. 317.
[Pottsville group; Sewell formation. ]
ASTEROPHYLLITES EQUISETIFORMIS (Schlotheim) Brongniart.
Dict. Sci. Nat., vol. 57 (Prodrome), 1828, p. 156 (159).
D. White: Bull. Geol. Soc. Am., vol. 11, 1900, p. 169.
[Pottsville group; Kanawha formation.]
Plant ranges from Mercer group upwards into the Per-
mian.
ASTEROPHYLLITES LYCOPODIOIDES Zeiller.
FI. foss. Bass. Houill. Valenciennes, Paris, Atlas, 1886, pl.
lix, figs. I, 2; text 1888, p. 380. D. White: Bull. Geol. Soc.
Am., vol. 11, 1900, p. 164. [Pottsville group; Kanawha
formation. ]
ASTEROPHYLLITES sp. indet. D.- White.
Bull. Geol. Soc. Am., vol. 6, 1895, p. 313. [Princeton con-
glomerate (Mississippian ).]

N
418 THE WEST VIRGINIA FOSSIL FLORA

ASTEROPHYLLITES ERECTIFOLIUS Andrews.
Rept. Geol. Surv. Ohio, vol. 2, pt. 2, Palaeont., 1875, p.
425, pl. xlix, fig. 3. D. White: Bull. Geol. Soc. Am., vol. 6,
1895, p. 317. [Pottsville group; Sewell formation. ]
ASTEROPHYLLITES RIGIDUS (Sternberg) Brongniart.
Dict. Sci. Nat., vol. 57 (Prodrome), 1828, p. 157 (159).
D. White : Bull. Geol. Soc. Am., vol. 11, 1900, p. 161. [ Potts-
ville group; Kanawha formation. ]
NEMATOPHYLLUM ANGUSTUM Fontaine & I. C. White.
Second Geol. Surv. Pa., Rept. Progr. PP, 1880, p. 35, pl.
ii, figs. 1-5. [Dunkard formation (Permian).]
ANNULARIA ACICULARIS (Dawson) Renault.
Cours. de Bot. Foss., vol. 2, 1882, p. 171. D. White: Bull.
Geol. Soc. Am., vol. 11, 1900, p. 161. [Pottsville group;
Kanawha formation. ]
ANNULARIA RAMOSA (Brongniart) Weiss.
Neues Jahrb. f. Min., vol. 2, 1881, p. 273. D. White:
Bull. Geol. Soc. Am., vol. 6, 1895, p. 315; Bull. Geol. Soc.
Am., vol. 11, 1900, p. 161. [Pottsville group; Quinnimont?,
and Kanawha formations.] [Also in Conemaugh formation. |
ANNULARIA CUSPIDATA Lesquereux.
Second Geol. Surv. Pa., Rept. Progr. P, 1884, p. 725, pl.
xcii, figs. 7, 7a. D. White: Bull. Geol. Soc. Am., vol. 11,
1900, p. 162. [Pottsville group; Kanawha formation, and
Nuttall sandstone lentil of Sewell formation. ]
ANNULARIA RADIATA (Brongniart) Sternberg.
Flora d. Vorwelt (Tentamen), 1825, p. xxxi. D. White:
Bull. Geol. Soc. Am., vol. 11, 1900, p. 164. Fontaine & I. C.
White: Second, Geol. Surv. Pa, Rept. Progr. PP, 1880, p. 39.
[Pottsville group; Sewell formation.] [Dunkard formation
(Permian) ?]
ANNULARIA STELLATA (Schlotheim) Wood.
Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci., Philadelphia, vol. 12, 1860, p. 236.
D. White: Bull. Geol. Soc. Am., vol. 11, 1900, p. 169. [Potts-
ville group; Kanawha formation.] [Also in Conemaugh and
Allegheny formations; and Dunkard formation (Permian).]
ANNULARIA SPHENOPHYLLoIDES (Zenker) Gutbier.
Isis von Oken, Leipzig, vol. 30, 1837, p. 436. Fontaine &
I. C. White: Second Geol. Surv. Pa., Rept. Progr. PP, 1880,
p. 39. [Pottsville group; Kanawha formation.] [Also in
Allegheny and Conemaugh formations, and in Dunkard
formation (Permian).]
Has same wide range as the preceding species.
ANNULARIA SPHENOPHYLLOIDES var. INTERMEDIA Lesquereux.
Second Geol. Surv. Pa., Rept. Progr. P, 1884, p. 724.
[Allegheny and Conemaugh formations. ]
WEST VIRGINIA GEOLOGICAL SURVEY 419

ANNULARIA CARINATA Gutbier.

Isis von Oken, Leipzig, vol. 30, 1837, p. 436. Fontaine &
I. C. White: Second Geol. Surv. Pa., Rept. Progr. PP, 1880,
p. 38. [Dunkard formation (Permian).]

ANNULARIA MINUTA Brongiart.

Dict. Sci. Nat., vol. 57 (Prodrome), 1828, p. 153 (135).
Fontaine & I. C. White : Second Geol. Surv. Pa., Rept. Progr.
PP, 1880, p. 39. [Dunkard formation (Permian).]

ANNuLartia sp. D, White.

Bull. Geol. Soc., Am., vol. 6, 1895, p. 315. [Pottsville

group; Quinnimont formation. ]
CALAMOSTACHYS LANCEOLATA Lesquereux.

Second Geol. Surv. Pa., Rept. Progr. P, (Coal FI.), vol.
3, 1884, p. 715, pl. xci, figs. 1, 2; pl. xciii. D. White: Bull.
Geol. Soc. Am., vol. 6, 1895, p. 315. [Pottsville group;
Quinnimont formation. ]

CALAMOSTACEYS RAMOSUS (Artis) Weiss.

Abh. Geol. Specialk. Preuss. vol. 5, No. 2 (Steink.-Calam.
pt. 2), 1884, p. 193 (107), pl. xx, figs. 1, 2. D. White: Bull.
Geol. Soc. Am., vol. 11, 1900, p. 161. [Pottsville group;
Kanawha formation. ]

Macrostacuya sp. D. White.

Bull. Geol. Soc. Am., vol. 6, 1895, p. 317. [Pottsville
group; Sewell formation. ]

Expl. Carte Geol. France, vol. 4, Atlas, 1878, pl. clxi, figs.
I, 2; text 1879, p. 30. D. White: Bull. Geol. Soc. Am., vol.
II, 1900, p. 161. [Pottsville group; Kanawha formation and
Nuttall sandstone lentil of Sewell formation.]

Plant characteristic of the middle and upper Pottsville
formations. Typical form is unknown in Allegheny or
higher beds.

SPHENOPHYLLUM ANTIQUUM Dawson.

Canadian Naturalist, Montreal, vol. 6, 1861, p. 170, text
fig. 7. Fontaine: Amer. Jour. Sci., 3rd ser., vol. 7, 1874, p.
574. [Pottsville group; Sewell formation. |

SPHENOPHYLLUM LESCURIANUM D. White.

Mon. U. S. Geol. Surv., vol. 37, 1899, p. 182, pl. 1, fig. 6b;
pl. li, fig. b; pl. xxiv, fig. 3c. D. White: Bull. Geol. Soc.
Am., vol. II, 1900, p. 169. [Pottsville group; Kanawha
formation. ]

SPHENOPHYLLUM EMARGINATUM (Brongniart) Koenig.

Icones Foss. Sect., London, 1825(?), pl. xii, fig. 149. D.
White: Bull. Geol. Soc. Am., vol. 11, 1900, p. 169. [Potts-
ville group; Kanawha formation.] [Also in Allegheny and
Conemaugh formations. ]

Plant unknown below “Mercer coal group.”
420 THE WEST VIRGINIA FOSSIL FLORA

SPHENOPHYLLUM Majus (Bronn in Bischoff) Bronn.

Letheae Geogn., Stuttgart, vol. 1, 1834, p. 32, pl. vili, fig.
g, a, b. D. White: Bull. Geol. Soc. Am., vol. 11, 1900, p.
171. [Allegheny and Conemaugh formations. ]

SPHENOPEYLLUM FURCATUM (Lindley & Hutton) Geinitz.

Furstl. Jablon. Ges. Preisschr., No. 5 (Fl. Hain.-Ebers. &
Floeh. Kohl.), Leipzig, 1854, p. 36, pl. i, figs. 10-12; pl. ii,
figs. 2, 1. D. White: Bull. Geol. Soc. Am., ‘vol. II, 1900, Pp.
161. [Pottsville group; Kanawha formation. ]

SPHENOPHYLLUM TENUE D. White.

Twentieth Ann. Rept. U. S. Geol. Surv., 1808-’99, pt. 2,
1900, p. 900, pl. cxci, figs. 6, 7. D. White: Bull. Geol. Soc.
Am., vol. 6, 1895, p. 315. [Pottsville group; Quinnimont
formation. ]

Species characteristic of lower Pottsville and basal middle
Pottsville in the central and northern Appalachian regions.

SPHENOPHYLLUM ANGUSTIFOLIUM (Germar) Goppert.

In Bronn, Naturgeschte d. drei Reiche, vol. 3 (Nomencl.
Palaeont.), 1848, p. 1166. Millspaugh: Bull. No. 24, W. Va.
Agric. Exp. Sta., Morgantown, 1892, p. 526. [Dunkard
formation (Permian).j

SPHENOPHYLLUM OBLONGIFOLIUM (Germar & Kaulfuss) Unger.

Gen. et Spec. Pl. Foss., 1850, p. 70. Fontaine & I. C.
White: Second Geol. Surv. Pa., Rept. Progr. PP, 1880, p.
38. [Dunkard formation (Permian).]

SPHENOPHYLLUM LONGIFOLIUM (Germar) Geinitz & Gutbier.

In Reichenbach, Gaa von Sachs. (Verst. Obersachsen),
1843, p. 72. Fontaine & I. C. White: Second Geol. Surv.
Pa., Rept. Progr. PP, 1880, p. 38. [Dunkard formation
(Permian).]

SPHENOPHYLLUM Tuon1 Mahr.

Zeitschr. Deutsch. Geol. Ges., vol. 20, 1868, p. 433, pl. viii.
D. White: Bull. Geol. Soc. Am., vols Ir, Ig00, p. 172.
[Dunkard formation (Permian). ]

SPHENOPHYLLUM FoNnTAINEAUM S. A. Miller.

North American Geol. & Palaeont., Cincinnati, 1889, p
141. [Dunkard formation (Permian).]

This is is the plant described as Sphenophyllum latifolium
Fontaine & I. C. White, a preoccupied name, in the Second
Geol. Surv. Pa., Rept. Progr. PP, 1880, p. 36, pl. i, figs. 10-11.

SPHENOPHYLLUM FILICULME Lesquereux.

Boston Jour. Nat. Hist., voi. 6, 1854, p. 415. Fontaine &
I. C. White: Second Geol. Surv. Pa., Rept. Progr. PP, 1880,
p. 37, pl. i, fig. 8. [Dunkard formation (Permian).]

SPHENOPHYLLUM TENUIFOLIUM Fontaine & I. C. White.

Second Geol. Surv. Pa., Rept. Progr. PP, 1880, p. 38, pl. 1,

fig. 9. [Dunkard formation (Permian).]
WEST VIRGINIA GEOLOGICAL SURVEY 421

SPHENOPHYLLUM DENSIFOLIUM Fontaine & I. C. White.
Second Geol. Surv. Pa., Rept. Progr. PP, 1880, p. 37, pl.
i, fg. 7. [Dunkard formation (Permian).]
Lycopopites Merxi1 Lesquereux.
Geol. Surv. Illinois, vol. 4, Geol. & Pal., pt. 2, 1870, p. 426,
pl. xxvi, figs. 6, 6a. D. White: Bull. Geol. Soc. Am., vol. 11,
1900, p. 169. [Pottsville group; Kanawha formation.]
LycopoDITES PENDULUS Lesquereux.
Second Geol. Surv. Pa., Rept. Progr. P (Coal Fl.), vol. 2,
1880, p. 357, pl. lxii, figs. 2, 2a. D. White: Bull. Geol. Soc.
Am., vol. II, 1900, p. 171. [Conemaugh formation. ]
LYCOPODITES SIMPLEX Lesquereux?
Second Geol. Surv. Pa., Rept. of Progr., G’, Harrisburg,
1882 [1883], p. 4o. D. White: Bull. Geol. Soc. Am., vol.
II, 1900, p. 164. [Pottsville group; Kanawha formation.]
Lycopopites n. sp. D. White.
Bull. Geol. Soc. Am., vol. 6, 1895, p. 315. [Pottsville
group; Quinnimont formation.]
BoTHRODENDRON sp. cf. MINUTIFOLIUM (Boulay) Zeiller.
Expl. Carte Geol. France, Paris, vol. 4, text 1879, p. 117.
D. White: Bull. Geol. Soc. Am., vol. 11, 1900, p. 165. [ Potts-
ville group; Kanawha formation.]
BoTHRODENDRON n. sp. D. White.
Bull. Geol. Soc. Am., vol. 11, 1900, p. 161. [Pottsville
group; Kanawha formation. ]
LEPIDODENDRON sp. cf. Britrsir Lesquereux.
Second Geol. Surv. Pa., Rept. Progr. P (Coal F1.), vol. 2,
1880, p. 368, pl. Ixiii, figs. 1-2. D. White: Bull. Geol. Soc.
Am., vol. II, Ig00, p. 164. [Pottsville group; Kanawha
formation. ]
LEPIDODENDRON RUSHVILLENSE Andrews.
Rept. Geol. Surv., Ohio, vol. 2, pt. 2, Paleont., 1875, p
423, pl. liii, fig. 4. D. White: Bull. Geol. Soc. Am., vol. 11,
1900, p. 162. [Pottsville group; Kanawha formation. ]
LEPIDODENDRON SELAGINOIDES Sternberg.
Flora d. Vorwelt, vol. 1 (Versuch), pt. 2, 1822, p.
31, pl. xvi, fig. 3; pl. xvii, fig. i. Fontaine: Amer. Jour. Sci.,
3rd ser., vol. 11, 1876, p. 378. [Pottsville group; Clark
formation. ]
LEPIDODENDRON SCOBINIFORME Meek.
Bull. Phil. Soc. Washington, vol. 1, Appendix VIII, 1874,
p. xiii, pl. i, fig. 1. [Pocono sandstone.]
This species is cited generally as L. corrugatuim Dawson.
Fontaine: Amer. Jour. Sci., 3rd ser., vol. 7, 1874, p. 578.
422 THE WEST VIRGINIA FOSSIL FLORA

LEPIDODENDRON ACUMINATUM (Goeppert) Unger.
Gen. et. Spec. Pl. Foss., 1850, p. 261. D. White: Bull.
Geol. Soc. Am., vol. 11, 1900, p. 164. [Pottsville group;
Quinnimont(?) and Kanawha formations. ]
LEPIDODENDRON STERNBERGII (form.) D. White.
Bull. Geol. Soc. Am., vol. 6, 1895, p. 315. [Pottsville
group; Quinnimont and Sewell formations. |
LEPIDODENDRON VELTHEIMIANUM Sternberg.
Flora d. Vorwelt (Tentamen), 1825, p. xii, pl. lii, fig. 3.
D. White: Bull. Geol. Soc. Am., vol. 6, 1895, p. 315. D.
White: Bull. Geol. Soc. Am., Rochester, vol. 11, Ig00, p.
164. [Pottsville group; Quinnimont and Kanawha forma-
tions. ]
LEPIDODENDRON LANCEOLATUM Lesquereux.
Second Geol. Surv. Pa., Rept. Progr. P (Coal FI.), vol. 2,
1880, p. 369, pl. xiii, figs. 3-5a. D. White: Bull. Geol. Soc.
Am., vol. t1, 1g00, p. 169. [Pottsville group; Kanawha
formation. ]
LEPIDODENDRON sp. cf. DICHOTOMUM Sternberg.
Flora d. Vorwelt, vol. 1 (Versuch), pt. 1, 1820, p. 23, pls.
i, i, ii1; pl. Ixviil, fig. 1. D. White: Bull. Geol. Soc. Am., vol.
II, 1900, p. 161. [Pottsville group; Kanawha formation. ]
LEPIDODENDRON CLYPEATUM Lesquereux.
Boston Jour. Nat. Hist., vol. 6, 1854, p. 429. D. White:
Bull. Geol. Soc. Am., vol. II, 1900, p. 164. [Pottsville
group; Kanawha formation.]
Characteristic of the upper and middle Pottsville.
LEPIDODENDRON OBOVATUM Sternberg.
Flora d. Vorwelt, vol. 1 (Versuch), pt. 1, 1820, p. 23, pl.
vi, fig. 2; pl. viii, fig. 1 B, a-b; pl. xv, fig. 5. D. White: Bull.
Geol. Soc. Am., vol. 11, 1900, p. 161. [Pottsville group.
Kanawha formation. ]
LEPIDODENDRON cf. MAGNUM Wood.
Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci., Philadelphia, vol. 12, 1860, pl.
vi, fig. 4. D. White: Bull. Geol. Soc. Am., Rochester, vol. 11,
1goo, p. 164. [Pottsville group; Kanawha formation.]
LEPIDODENDRON MODULATUM Lesquereux.
Boston Jour. Nat. Hist., vol. 6, 1854, p. 428. D. White
Bull. Geol. Soc. Am., vol. 11, 1900, p. 169. Plant generally
characteristic of the Allegheny and not known below the
“Mercer coal group.” [Pottsville group; Kanawha forma-
tion.] [Also in Allegheny formation. ]
LeEpiIpopHLotros sp. cf. LARICINUS Sternberg.
Flora d. Vorwelt (Tentamen), 1825, p. xiii, pl. xi, figs. 2,.
3, 4. D. White: Bull. Geol. Soc. Am., vol. 11, 1900, p. 164.
[ Pottsville group; Kanawha formation.]
WEST VIRGINIA GEOLOGICAL SURVEY 423

LeEPIpoPHLoIos sp. D. White.

Bull. Geol. Soc. Am., vol. 11, 1900, p. 172. [Allegheny

formation. |
ULopDENDRON Majus Lindley & Hutton.

Foss. Fl. Great Britain, vol. 1, 1831, p. 22, pl. v. D.
White: Bull. Geol. Soc. Am., vol. 11, 1900, p. 165. [Potts-
ville group; Kanawha formation. ]

ULopENDRON sp. D. White.

Bull. Geol. Soc. Am., vol. 6, 1895, p. 315. [Pottsville

group; Quinnimont formation.]
Hatonia sp. D. White.

Bull. Geol. Soc. Am., vol. 6, 1895, p. 315. [Pottsville

group; Quinnimont formation. ]
LEPIDOSTROBUS VARIABILIS Lindley & Hutton.

Foss. Fl. Great Britain, vol. 1, 1831, p. 31, pls. x, xi. D.
White: Bull. Geol. Soc. Am., vol. 6, 1895, p. 315; ibid., vol.
II, 1900, p. 161, 169. [Pottsville group; Quinnimont and
Kanawha formations, and Nuttall sandstone lentil of Sewell
formation. |

LEPIDOSTROBUS ORNATUS Brongniart.

Dict. Sci. Nat., vol. 57 (Prodrome), 1828, p. 93 (88).
D. White: Bull. Geol. Soc. Am., vol. 11, rg00, p. 165. [Potts
ville group; Kanawha formation. ]

LEPIpOsTROBUS SALIsBuryt Lesquereux.

Second Geol. Surv. Pa., Rept. Progr. P, 1880, p. 443, pl.
Ixix, figs. 1,2. Millspaugh: Bull No. 24, W. Va. Agric. Exp.
Sta., 1892, p. 521. [Pottsville group: Kanawha formation.]

LEPIDOSTROBUS sp. nov.? D. White.

Bull. Geol. Soc. Am., vol. 11, 1900, p. 165. [Pottsville

group; Kanawha formation.]
LEPIDOPHYLLUM BREVIFOLIUM Lesquereux.

Boston Jour. Nat. Hist., vol. 6, 1854, p. 430. D. White:
Bull. Geol. Soc. Am., vol. 11, 1go00, p. 171. . [Allegheny
formation. ]

LEPIDOPHYLLUM JENNEYI D. White.

Aon. U. S. Geol. Surv., vol. 37, 1899, p. 214, pl. lix, figs.
1-3; pl. xiii, fig. 6. D. White: Bull. Geol. Soc. Am., vol. 11,
1g00, p. 172. [Allegheny formation.]

LEPIDOPHYLLUM ACUMINATUM Lesquereux.

Boston Jour. Nat. Hist., vol. 6, 1854, p. 430. D. White:
Bull. Geol. Soc. Am., vol. 11, 1900, p. 165. [Pottsville group;
Kanawha formation. ]

LEPIDOPHYLLUM OBLONGIFOLIUM Lesquereux.

Second Geol. Surv. Pa., Rept. Progr. P (Coa! F1.), vol. 3,
1884, p. 868. D. White: Bull. Geol. Soc. Am., vol. 11, 1900,
p. 171. [Allegheny formation. ]
424 THE WEST VIRGINIA FOSSIL FLORA

LEPIDOPHYLLUM LANCEOLATUM Lindley & Hutton.
Foss. Fl. Great Britain, vol. 1, 1831, p. 28, pl. vii, figs. 3, 4.
D. White: Bull. Geol. Soc. Am., vol. 11, 1g00, p. 169. [| Potts-
ville group; Kanawha formation.]

LEPIDOPHYLLUM CAMPBELLIANUM Lesquereux.
Second Geol. Surv. Pa., Rept. of Progr., G’, Harrisburg,
1882 ([1883], p. 40. D. White: Bull. Geol. Soc. Am., vol.
6, 1895, p. 315; ibid., Bull. Geol. Soc. Am., vol. 11, 1900, pp.
161, 165. [Pottsville group; Kanawha formaticn.]

LEPIDOPHYLLUM cf. CULTRIFORME Lesquereux.
Second Geol. Surv. Pa., Rept. Progr. P (Coal FI.), vol. 3,
1884, p. 785, pl. cvii, figs. 13, 14; pl. cvili, fig. 2. D. White:
Bull. Geol. Soc. Am., vol. 11, 1900, p. 165. [Pottsville
group; Kanawha formation. ]

LEPIDOPHYLLUM HASTATUM Lesquereux.
Boston Jour. Nat. Hist., vol. 6, 1854, p. 430. D. White:
Bull. Geol. Soc. Am., vol. 11, 1900, p. 172. ([Allegheny
formation. |

LEPIDOPHYLLUM n. sp. D. White.
Bull. Geol. Soc. Am., vol. 6, 1895, p. 315. [Pottsville
group; Quinnimont and Sewell formations. ]

LEPIDOCYSTIS VESICULARIS Lesquereux.
Second Geol. Surv. Pa., Rept. Progr. P, 1880, p. 457, pl.
Ixix, figs. 18-20. [Allegheny and Conemaugh formations. ]

SIGILLARIA CAMPTOTAENIA (Wood) Wood.
Trans. Am. Phil. Soc.,Philadelphia, vol. 13, 1869, p. 342.
D. White: Bull. Geol. Soc. Am., vol. 11, 1900, p. 171. [Alle-
gheny formation. ]
This species is in general characteristic of the Allegheny
formation, though rare in the “Mercer coal group.”

SIGILLARIA FISSA Lesquereux.
Boston Jour. Nat. Hist., vol. 6, 1854, p. 426. D. White:
Bull. Geol. Soc. Am., vol. 11, 1900, pp. 169, 171. [Potts-
ville group; Kanawha formation.]

SIGILLARIA cf. RETICULATA Lesquereux. Non (Steinhauer)
Miller.]
Second Rept. Geol. Reconn. Arkansas, Philadelphia, 1860,
p. 310, pl. iii, fig. 2. D. White: Bull. Geol. Soc. Am., vol. 6,
1895, p. 317. [Pottsville group; Sewell formation.]

SiciLLarta Menarpt Brongniart.
Dict. Sci. Nat., vol. 57 (Prodrome), 1828, p. 74 (65).
Lesquereux: Second Geol. Surv. Pa., Rept. Progr. P (Coal
F1.), vol. 3, 1884, p. 871. [Conemaugh formation. ]
WEST VIRGINIA GEOLOGICAL SURVEY 425

SIGILLARIA BRarpDII Brongniart.

Dict. Sci. Nat., vol. 57 (Prodrome), 1828, p. 74 (65).
Fontaine & I. C. White: Second Geol. Surv. Pa., Rept. Progr.
PP, 1880, p. 97, pl. xxxii, fig. 10. [Dunkard formation (Per-
mian).]

SIGILLARIA cf. DENTATA Newberry.

Ann. Sci., Cleveland, vol. 1, 1853, p. 165, text fig. 4. D.
White: Bull. Geol. Soc. Am., vol. 6, 1895, p. 315. [Potts-
ville group; Quinnimont formation. ]

SIGILLARIA cf. RETICULATA Lesquereux.

Second Rept. Geol. Reconn. Arkansas, Philadelphia, 1860,
p. 310, pl. iii, fig. 2. D. White: Bull. Geol. Soc. Am., vol.
II, 1900, p. 165. [Pottsville group; Kanawha formation.]

SIGILLARIA sp. cf. ICHTYOLEPIS (Sternberg) Corda.

Beitr. Fl. Vorwelt, 1845, p. 29, pl. ix, fig. 19. D. White:
Bull. Geol. Soc. Am., vol. 11, 1900, p. 165. [Pottsville
group; Kanawha formation.]

SIGILLARIA APPROXIMATA Fontaine & I. C. White.

Second Geol. Surv. Pa., Rept. Progr. PP, 1880, p. 96, pl.

xxxvii, fig. 3. [Dunkard formation (Permian).]
SIGILLARIA sp. D. \ hite.

Bull. Geol. Soc. Am., vol. 6, 1895, p. 315. [Pottsville

group; Quinnimont formation. ] :
TRILETES sp. D. White.

Bull. Geol. Soc. Am., vol. 6, 1895, p. 318. [Pottsville

group; Nuttall sandstone lentil of Sewell formation. ]
CoRDAITES BORASSIFOLIUS (Sternberg) Unger.

Gen. et. Spec. Pl. Foss., 1850, p. 277. D. White: Bull.
Geol. Soc. Am., vol. 11, 1900, p. 165. [Pottsville group;
Kanawha formation. ]

CorDAITES Rogpi Dawson.

Canadian Naturalist, Montreal, vol. 6, 1861, p. 168. Fon-
taine: Amer. Jour. Sci., 3rd ser., vol. 11, 1876, p. 379.
[Pottsville group; Clark, Quinnimont and Sewell forma-
tions. }

CoRDAITES CRASSINERVIS Fontaine & I. C. White.

Second Geol. Surv. Pa., Rept. Progr. PP, 1880, p. 97, pl.

xxxvii, fig. 10. [Dunkard formation (Permian).]
PoacorpalteEs sp. D. White.

Bull. Geol. Soc. Am., vol. 11, 1900, p. 169. [Pottsville
group; Kanawha formation. ]

BAIERA VIRGINIANA Fontaine & I. C. White.

Second Geol. Surv. Pa., Rept: Progr. PP, 1880, p. 103,
pl. xxxvii, figs. 11, 12. [Dunkard formation (Permian).]

7
426 THE WEST VIRGINIA FOSSIL FLORA

WHITTLESEYA ELEGANS Newberry.

Ann. Sci., Cleveland, vol. 1, 1853, p. 106. D. White: Bull.
Geol. Soc. Am., vol. 6, 1895, p. 317. [Pottsville group;
Sewell formation. ]

SAPORTAEA GRANDIFOLIA Fontaine & I. C. White.

Second Geol. Surv. Pa., Rept. Progr. PP, 1880, p. 101, pl.

xxxviii, fig. 4. [Dunkard formation (Permian).]
SAPORTAEA SALISBURIOIDES Fontaine & I. C. White.

Second Geol. Surv. Pa., Rept. Progr. PP, 1880, p. 102, pl.

xxxlil, figs. 1-3. [Dunkard formation (Permian).]
CORDAICARPON GUTBIERI (Geinitz) Grand ’Eury.

Fl. Carb. Dept. Loire, Paris, 1877, p. 236, pl. xxvi, fig. 19.
D. White: Bull. Geol. Soc. Am., vol. I1, 1900, p. I7I.
[Conemaugh formation. ]

CoRDAICARPON CIRCULARIS (Lesquereux) D. White.

Bull. Geol. Soc. Am., vol. 11, 1900, p. 169. [Pottsville

group; Kanawha formation. |
CoRDAICARPON CINCTUM Lesquereux.

Second Geol. Surv. Pa., Rept. Progr. P (Coal FI.), vol. 3,
1884, p. 804, pl. cix, figs. 5, 6. D. White: Bull. Geol. Soc.
Am., vol. 11, 1900, p. 169. [Pottsville group; Kanawha
formation. ]

CARDIOCARPON CORNUTUM Dawson.

Quart. Jour. Geol. Soc., London, vol. 18, 1862, p. 324, pl.
xiii, figs. 23, 24. D. White: Bull. Geol. Soc. Am., vol. 11,
1900, p. 162. [Pottsville group; Kanawha formation. ]

CARDIOCARPON BICUSPIDATUM (Sternberg) Newberry. \

Ann. Sci., Cleveland, vol. 1, 1853, p. 153, text-fig. 7. D.

White: Bull. Geol. Soc. Am., vol. 6, 1895, p. 318. [Potts-
ville group; Nuttall sandstone lentil of Sewell formation.]
CARDIOCARPON MINOR Newberry.

Ann. Sci., Cleveland, vol. 1, 1853, p. 153, text-fig. 4. D.
White: Bull. Geol. Soc. Am., vol. 11, 1900, p. 165. [Potts-
ville group; Sewell and Kanawha formations. ]

RHABDOCARPOS TENAX Lesquereux.

Second Geol. Surv. Pa., Rept. Progr. P, 1884, p. 818, pl.
cxi, figs. 25, 26. Lacoe, in Millspaugh: Bull. No. 24, W. Va.
Agric. Exp. Sta., Morgantown, 1892, p. 526. [Pottsville
group; Kanawha formation.]

CARDIOCARPON ELONGATUM Newberry.

Ann. Sci., Cleveland, vol. 1, 1853, p. 153, text-fig. 6. D.
White: Bull. Geol. Soc. Am., vol. 6, 1895, p. 317. [Pottsville
group; Sewell formation. ]

RHABDOCARPOS MULTISTRIATUS (Presl) Lesquereux.

Second Geol. Surv. Pa., Rept. Progr. P (Coal FI.), vol.

2, 1880, p. 578, pl. Ixxxv, figs. 22, 23. D. White: Bull. Geol.
WEST VIRGINIA GEOLOGICAL SURVEY 427

Soc. Am., vol. 11, 1g00, p. 165. [Pottsville group; Kanawha
formation. ]
Probably the fruit of Neuropteris flexuosa.
RuHABDOCARPOS SULCATUS (Lindley & Hutton) Schimper.
Pal. Veg., vol. 2, 1870, p. 220. D. White: Bull. Geol. Soc.
Am., vol. 11, 1900, p. 161. [Pottsville group; Kanawha for-
mation. ]
RHABDOCARPOS AMYGDALAEFORMIS (Goeppert) Goeppert &
Berger, Fruc. Semin. Form. Lith., Breslau, 1848, p. 21,
pl. i, fig. 12. D. White: Bull. Geol. Soc. Am., vol. 11, 1900,
p. 165. [Pottsville group; Kanawha formation. ].
RHABDOCARPOS OBLONGATUS Fontaine & I. C. White.
Second Geol. Surv. Pa., Rept. Progr. PP, 1880, p. 98, pl.
xxxvii, figs. 8,9. [Dunkard formation (Permian).]
RHABDOCARPOS BOCKSCHIANUS Goeppert & Berger.
Fruct. Semin. Form. Lith., Breslau, 1848, p. 21, pl. i, figs.
13, 14. Lacoe, in Millspaugh: Bull. No. 24, W. Va. Agric.
Exp. Sta., Morgantown, 1892, p. 525. [Pottsville group,
Kanawha formation. ]
Ruagpocarpos sp. D. White.
Bull. Geol. Soc. Am., vol. 6, 1895, p. 313. [Princeton con-
glomerate (Mississippian) .]
Ruappocarpos sp. D. White.
Bull. Geol. Soc. Am., vol. 6, 1895, p. 314. Near Pocahon-
tas coal. [Pottsville group; Clark formation.]
RuHABDOCARPOS n. sp. D. White.
Bull. Geol. Soc. Am., vol. 6, 1895, p. 315. [Pottsville
group; Quinnimont and Sewell formations. ]
TRIGONOCARPUM TRILOCULARE (Hildreth) Newberry.
Rept. Geol. Surv. Ohio, vol. 1, pt. 2, Palaeont., 1873, p.
367, pl. xliii, figs. 1, 13, 13a; pl. xliti, fig. 13. Fontaine.
Amer. Jour. Sci., 3rd ser., vol. 11, 1876, p. 382. [Pottsville
group; Sewell formation. ]
TRIGONOCARPUM OLIVIAEFORME Lindley & Hutton?
Foss. Fl. Gt. Brit., vol. 3, 1837, p. 183,pl. ccxxii, fig. 1-3.
D. White: Bull. Geol. Soc. Am., vol. 6, 1895, p. 317. [Potts-
ville group; Sewell formation. |
TRIGONOCARPUM CLAVATUM (Sternberg) D. White.
Bull. Geol. Soc. Am., vol. 6, 1895, p. 315. [Pottsville
group; Quinnimont formation.]
TRIGONOCARPUM AMPULLAEFORME Lesquereux.
Second Geol. Surv. Pa., Rept. Progr. P., 1884, p. 823, pl.
cix, figs. 18-20, 21? Lacoe, in Millspaugh: Bull. No. 24, W.
Va. Agric. Exp. Sta., Morgantown, 1892, p. 527. [Potts-
ville group; Kanawha formation.]

oe
428 THE WEST VIRGINIA FOSSIL FLORA

TRIGONOCARPUM NOEGGERATHII (Sternberg) Brongniart.

Dict. Sci. Nat., vol. 57 (Prodrome), 1828, p. 137. Lacoe,
in Millspaugh, Bull. No. 24, W. Va. Agric. Exp. Sta., Mor-
gantown, 1892, p. 527. [Pottsville group; Kanawha forma-
tion. ]

CARPOLITHES BI-CARPUS Fontaine & I. C. White.

Second Geol. Surv. Pa., Rept. Progr. PP, 1880, p. 98, pl..

xxxvii, figs. 6, 7. [Dunkard formation (Permian).]
CARPOLITHES ELLIPTICUS Sternberg.

Flora d. Vorwelt (Tentamen), 1825, p. xl, pl. vii, fig. 1. D.
White: Bull. Geol. Soc. Am., vol. 11, Ig00, p. 171. [Alle-
gheny formation. ]

CARPOLITHES MARGINATUS Fontaine & I. C. White.

Second Geol. Surv. Pa., Rept. Progr. PP, 1880, p. 98, pl.

xxxvii, fig. 1. [Dunkard formation (Permian).]
CaRPOoLiTHES sp. D. White.

Bull. Geol. Soc. Amer., vol. 6, 1895, p. 315. [Pottsville

group; Quinnimont formation.]
CaRPOLITHES sp. D. White.

Bull. Geol. Soc. Am., vol. 6, 1895, p. 313. [Princeton con-

glomerate (Mississippian). ]
CARPOLITHES? FRAGARIOIDES Newberry.

Rept. Geol. Surv., Ohio, vol. 1, pt. 2, Palaeont., 1873, p.
370, pl. xlili, figs. 2, 2a. D. White: Bull. Geol. Soc. Amer.,
vol. 11, 1900, p. 165. [Pottsville group; Kanawha forma-
tion. ]

GUILIELMITES ORBICULARIS Fontaine & I. C. White.

Second Geol. Surv. Pa., Rept. Progr. PP, 1880, p. 99, pl.
xxxii, fig. 2. [Dunkard formation (Permian).]

The fossil described under the above name is possibly a
Dolerophyllum.

PALAEOXYRIS APPENDICULATA Lesquereux.

Geol. Surv. Illinois vol. 4, Geol. & Pal., pt. 2, 1870, p. 546,
pl. xxvii, fig. 11. D. White~ Bull. Geol. Soc. Am., vol. 11,
1900, p. 169. [Pottsville group; Kanawha formation.]

The species of this genus, though described as plants, are
thought by many to be egg-capsules of a fossil shark or allied
type of animal life. There is, at all events, little doubt that
they are the envelopes of some type of fructification.

EQUISETUM ARVENSE L,

Knowlton, Amer. Geologist, Minneapolis, vol. 2, 1896, p.

371. Pleistocene (Interglacial). [Carmichaels clays.]
CyPERuS sp. Knowlton.

Amer. Geologist, Minneapolis, vol. 2, 1896, p. 371. Pleis-

tocene (Interglacial) : [Carmichaels clay.]

“he,
WEST VIRGINIA GEOLOGICAL SURVEY 429

PotaMOGETON Rogsinsit Oakes.
Knowlton, Amer. Geologist, \inneapolis, vol. 2, 1896, p.
371. Pleistocene (Interglacial) : [Carmichaels clay. ]
FaGus FERRUGINEA Ait.
Knowlton: Amer. Geologist, Minneapolis, vol. 2, p. 371.
Pleistocene (Interglacial) : [Carmichaels clay.]
CASTANEA PUMILA Mill.
Knowlton, Amer. Geologist, Minneapolis, vol. 18, 186, p.
371. Pleistocene (Interglacial) : [Carmichaels clay.]
QUERCUS FALCATA Mich.
Knowlton, Amer. Geologist, Minneapolis, vol. 2, 1896, p.
371. Pleistocene (Interglacial) : [Carmichaels clay.]
BETULA NiGRA L.
Knowlton, Amer. Geologist, Minneapolis, vol. 2, 1896, p.
371. Pleistocene (Interglacial) : [Carmichaels clay.]
PLATANUS OCCIDENTALIS L.
Knowlton, Amer. Geologist, Minneapolis, vol. 2, 1896, p.
371. Pleistocene (Interglacial) : [Carmichaels clay. ]
ULMus RAcEMOSA Thomas.
Knowlton: Amer. Geologist, Minneapolis, vol. 2, 1896, p.
371. Pleistocene (Interglacial) : [Carmichaels clay.]
LIQUIDAMBAR STYRACIFLUA.
Knowlton: Amer. Geologist, \linneapolis, vol. 2, 1896, p.
371. Pleistocene (Interglacial) : [Carmichaels clay.]

PLANTS REPORTED FROM THE POCONO (MISSISSIP-
PIAN) AT LEWIS TUNNEL, VA. SEX AMLES
EAST OF WHITE SULPHUR, W. VA.

ARCHAEOPTERIS ALLEGHANIENSIS (Meek) Fontaine & I. C. White.
ARCHAEOPTERIS BocKscHIANUS Lesquereux.

TRIPHYLLOPTERIS LescurtAn.a (Meek) Fontaine.*
TRIPHYLLOPTERIS VIRGINIANA (Meek) Meek.

LEPIDODENDRON SCOBINIFORME Meek.

Leprpocystis stLigua (Dawson) D. White.

 

*The plants listed by Prof. Fontaine (Amer. Jour. Sci. (3).
vols. 7 and 11, 1874 and 1876) as Cyclopteris Jacksoni, Palaeop-
teris Jacksoni, and P. cf. obtusa, probably are forms closely re-
lated to, 1f not indentical with, Triphyllopteris virginiana and T.
Lescuriana.
430 THE WEST VIRGINIA FOSSIL FLORA

PLANTS REPORTED FROM THE PRINCETON CON-
GLOMERATE (MISSISSIPPIAN) ON PINEY
CREEK ROAD, RALEIGH COUNTY.

ANEIMITES sp.

Eremopteris cf. pbEcomposita (Kidston) D. White.
SPHENOPTERIS DISTANS Sternberg.

SPHENOPTERIS SUBGENICULATA (Stur) Rothpletz.
SPHENOPTERIS sp.

CARDIOPTERIS FRONDOSA (Goepp.) Schimp.
ASTEROPHYLLITES MINUTUS Andrews?
ASTEROPHYLLITES sp.

RHABDOCARPOS Nn. sp.

CARPOLITHES sp.

PLANTS REPORTED FROM THE CLARK FORMATION
(PENNSYLVANIAN: POTTSVILLE GROUP).

ANEIMITES ADIANTOIDES (Lindley & Hutton) Bailey.
Lower Piney Creek plant bed.
ANEIMITES (Wardia) FERTILIS D. White.
Keeney Creek Branch railway near Nuttall.
EREMOPTERIS MACILENTA (Lindley & Hutton) D. White.
Lower Piney Creek plant bed.
SPHENOPTERIS HoENINGHAUSI Brongniart.
‘ Lower Piney Creek plant bed.
SPHENOPTERIS RARINERVIS Fontaine.
Lower Piney Creek plant bed.
SPHENOPTERIS sp. D. White.
Near Pocahontas coal, mouth of Arbuckle Creek.
ALETHOPTERIS cf.GRANDIFOLIA Newberry.
Lower Piney Creek plant bed.
ALETHOPTERIS sp. D. White.
Near Pocahontas coal, mouth of Arbuckle Creek.
Nevrorterts PocaHnontas D. White.
Present nearly everywhere.
NEUROPTERIS SMITHII Lesquereux.
Clark Gap-
NEUROPTERIS TENUIFOLIA (Sclotheim) Sternberg* ?
Lower Piney Creek plant bed.

*Undoubtedly wrongly identified. Probably a derivative of
N. Pocahontas comparable to N. biformis Lesquereux.
WEST VIRGINIA GEOLOGICAL SURVEY 431

APHLEBIA SPINOSA (Goeppert) D. White.
Lower Piney Creek plant bed.
EQUISETITES OCCIDENTALIS Lesquereux.
Lower Piney Creek plant bed.
ASTEROCALAMITES SCROBICULATUS (Schlotheim) Zeiller.
Lower Piney Creek plant bed.
LEPIDODENDRON SELAGINOIDES Sternberg.
Lower Piney Creek plant bed.
CorpaiTes Rospir Dawson?
Lower Piney Creek plant bed.
RHABDOCARPOS sp.
Near Pocahontas coal at mouth of Arbuckle Creek and
near Rush Run.

PLANTS REPORTED FROM THE QUINNIMONT FOR-
MATION (PENNSYLVANIAN: POTTS-
VILLE GROUP).

ANEIMITES TENUIFOLIUS (Brongniart) D. White.
Quinnimont coal at Princes, Rush Run, Dimmock, Fay- -
ette, etc.
EREMOPTERIS cf. ELEGANS (Ett.) Lx.
Quinnimont coal at Rush Run, Fayette, Harveys.
EREMOPTERIS MICROPHYLLA Lx.?
Quinnimont coal near Nuttall.
MARIOPTERIS POTTSVILLEA D. White.
Quinnimont coal at Beechwood, Red Ash, Princes, Rush
Run, Dimmock, etc.
MaRIOPTERIS LATIFOLIA (Brongn.) Zeill.?
. Quinnimont coal at Dimmock, Rush Run, Harveys.
MARIOPTERIS DIMORPHA (Lesquereux) D. White.
Quinnimont coal at Princes, near Fayette station and
Nuttall.
SPHENOPTERIS DIVARICATA Geinitz & Gutbier.
Quinnimont coal at Princes and Fire Creek.
SPHENOPTERIS cf. GOEPPERTI (Ett.) Schimp.
Quinnimont coal at Fire Creek and Nuttall.
SPHENOPTERIS HoOENINGHAUSI Brogn.
Quinnimont coal at Quinnimont, Princes, Rush Run,
Beechwood and Harveys.
SPHENOPTERIS PATENTISSIMA (Ett.) Schimp.
Quinnimont coal at Princes, Red Ash, and Fayette.
SPHENOPTERIS DICKSONOIDES (Goeppert) Weiss.
Quinnimont coal at Fire Creek.
432 : THE WEST VIRGINIA FOSSIL FLORA

SPHENOPTERIS (RENAULTIA) MICROCARPA Lesq.
Quinnimont coal at Quinnimont, Fayette, Beurys(?) and
Rush Run.
Mecatorteris cf. Dawsonr Andrews.
Quinnimont coal at Quinnimont.
MEGALOPTERIS SEWELLENSIS Font. ?
Quinnimont coal at Dimmock, Rush Run and Harveys.
ALETHOPTERIS sp. D. White.
Quinnimont coal at Fire Creek, Nuttall, Harveys, ana
Princes.
NEvRopTERIS Smituit Lesq.
Quinnimont coal at Fire Creek, Nuttall, Princes, Rush
Run, etc.
Nevuroprerts LINDLEYANA Sternb. var. Font.
Quinnimont coal at Sewell station.
ODONTOPTERIS NEUROPTEROIDES Newberry*.
Quinnimont coal at Quinnimont.
EQUISETITES OCCIDENTALIS Lesq.
Quinnimont coal at Quinnimont.
ASTEROCALAMITES SCROBICULATUS (Scloth.) Zeill.?
Quinnimont coal at Princes and Rush Run.
’ CALAMITES CANNAEFORMIS Schloth.
Quinnimont coal at Quinnimont.
CaLamitEs sp. D. White.
Quinnimont coal at Quinnimont and Dimmock.
ASTEROPHYLLITES MINUTUS Andrews.
Quinnimont coal at Rush Run, Dimmock and Harveys.
ANNULARIA RAMOSA (Brong.) Weiss.
Quinnimont coal at Dimniock, Rush Run and Harveys.
ANNULARIA n. sp. D. White.
Quinnimont coal at Rush Run.
CALAMOSTACHYS LANCEOLATA Lesq. (form.).
Quinnimont coal at Rush Run.
SPHENOPHYLLUM TENUE D. White.
Quinnimont coal at Dimmock.
LycopopitTes n. sp. D. White.
Quinnimont coal at Princes, Fire Creek, Dimmock and
Rush Run.
LEPIDODENDRON ACUMINATUM (Goepp.) Unger?
Quinnimont coal at Rush Run, Red Ash, Fire Creek and
Quinnimont.
LEPIDODENDRON STERNBERGII Brongn. (form.).
Quinnimont coal at Dimmock and Princes.
LEPIDODENDRON VELTHEIMIANUM Sternb.
Quinnimont coal at Rush Run.

*Probably wrong identification.
WEST VIRGINIA GEOLOGICAL SURVEY 433

ULopENDRON sp. D. White.
_ Quinnimont coal at Quinnimont, Dimmock, Beechwood.

Hatontia sp. D. White.

Quinnimont coal at Rush Run.
LEPIDOSTROBUS VARIABILIS Lindl. & Hutt.

Quinnimont coal at Fire Creek.
LEPIDOPHYLLUM CAMPBELLIANUM Lesq.

Quinnimont coal at Dimmock and Rush Run.
LePIpDOPHYLLUM sp. D. White.

Quinnimont coal at Dimmock and Rush Run.
SIGILLARIA cf. DENTATA Newberry.

Quinnamont coal at Beurys and Beechwood.
SIGILLARIA sp. D. White.

Quinnimont coal at Beurys.
CorpalTes Rogpit Dawson?

Quinnimont coal at Quinnimont.
Ruappocarros sp. D. White.

Quinnimont coal at Fire Creek, Rush Run, Dimmock.
TRIGONOCARPUM CLAVATUM (Sternb.) D. White.

Quinnimont coal at Quinnimont and Dimmock.
CARPOLITHES sp. D. White.

Quinnimont coal at Fire Creek.

PLANTS RECORDED FROM THE SEWELL FORMA-
TION (PENNSYLVANIAN: POTTSVILLE GROUP).

EREMOPTERIS cf. ELEGANS (Ett.) Lesq.
Sewell coal at Harveys.
EREMOPTERIS CHEATHAMI Lesq.
Sewell coal at Harveys.
EREMOPTERIS MACILENTA (Lesq.) D. W. form.
Sewell coal at Thurmond, Nuttall and Sewell.
MARIOPTERIS MURICATA (Schloth.) Zeill. form.
Sewell coal at Thurmond, Harveys, and Cunard.
MARIOPTERIS POTTSVILLEA D. W., var. Nov.
Sewell coal, Thurmond and Harveys.
SPHENOPTERIS cf. Royr Lesq.
Sewell coal at Nuttall.
SPHENOPTERIS FLEXICAULIS Lesq.
Sewell coal, Harveys.
SPHENOPTERIS cf. LariscHi (Stur) Lesq.
Sewell coal, Harveys.
SPHENOPTERIS MICROCARPA Lesq.
Sewell coal, Harveys.
SPHENOPTERIS COMMUNIS Lesq.
434 THE WEST VIRGINIA FOSSIL FLORA

Sewell coal at Nuttall.
PECOPTERIS(?) SERRULATA (Daws.) Hartt.
Sewell coal at Thurmond.
MEGALOPTERIS SEWELLENSIS Font.
Sewell coal, Sewell
Mecatopteris Hartit Andrews.
Sewell coal, Sewell .
ALETHOPTERIS LONCHITICA (Schloth.) Stb. (?)
Sewell coal at Thurmond, Macdonald and Nuttall.
ALETHOPTERIS SERLII var. EUROPEA (Brongn.) Goepp.
Sewell coal, Sewell
ALETHOPTERIS SERLII vat. AMERICANA (Brongn.) Goepp.
Sewell coal, Sewell
ALTEHOPTERIS Evansi Lesq.
Sewell coal at Cunard and Nuttall.
CALLIPTERIDIUM sp.
Sewell coal at Cunard and Nuttall.
NEvuROPTERIS SCHLEHANI Stur. var.
Sewell coal in all of New River Region.
NEUROPTERIS BIFORMIS Lesq. form.
Sewell coal, Macdonald and Cunard.
NEvuROPTERIS? sp. Fontaine.
Sewell coal, Sewell
NevuropTeris Etropr Lesq.
Sewell coal: Macdonald, Thurmond and Cunard.
OponTopPTerts NEWBERRY! Lesq.(?)
Sewell coal at Macdonald.
ODONTOPTERIS GRACILLIMA Newberry.
Sewell coal, Sewell
CALAMITES RoEMERI Gopp.?
Sewell coal, Sewell
CALAMITES APPROXIMATUS Schlotheim.
Sewell coal, Sewell
ASTEROPHYLLITES GRACILIS Lesgq.
Sewell coal at Macdonald.
ASTEROPHYLLITES ERECTIFOLIUS Andr.
Sewell coal at Macdonald, Turkey Knob, Harveys and
Thurmond.
ANNULARIA RADIATA (Brongn.) Stb.
Sewell coal at Thurmond.
MACROSTACHYA sp.
Sewell coal at Cunard.
SPHENOPHYLLUM ANTIQUUM Dawson.
Sewell coal, Sewell
LEPIDODENDRON STERNBERGII Brongn.
Sewell coal at Stone Cliff.
WEST VIRGINIA GEOLOGICAL SURVEY 435

LEPIDOPHYLLUM sp.
Sewell coal at Thurmond.
SIGILLARIA cf. RETICULATA Lesq.
Sewell coal at Cunard.
CorpaiTes Rospit Dawson?
Sewell coal at Sewell.
WHITTLESEYA ELEGANS Newby.
Sewell coal at Macdonald.
CARDIOCARPON cf. BICUSPIDATUM (Sternb.) Newby
Sewell coal at Stone Cliff.
CARDIOCARPON MINOR Newby.
Sewell coal at Turkey Knob.
CARDIOCARPON ELONGATUM Newby.
Sewell coal at Macdonald and Turkey Knob.
RHABDOCARPOS sp. ;
Sewell coal at Macdonald, Turkey Knob, Harvevs, Stone
Cliff; and Thurmond.
TRIGONOCARPUM TRILOCULARE (Hildreth) Newberry.
Sewell coal at Sewell.
TRIGONOCARPUM OLIVIAEFORME L. & H.
Sewell coal at Turkey Knob, Harveys, Thurmond and (?)
Macdonald.

PLANTS REPORTED FROM THE NUTTALL SAND-
STONE LENTIL OF THE SEWELL FORMA-
TION NEAR ANSTED.

ARCHAEOPTERIS STRICTA Andrews.
ARCHAEOPTERIS sp. D. White.

EREMOPTERIS sp. D. White.

MARIOPTERIS MURiIcATA (Schlotheim) Zeiller.
MARIOPTERIS PYGMAEA D. White.
AMARIOPTERIS ACUTA (Brongniart) Zeiller.
SPHENOPTERIS FURCATA Brongniart.
SPHENOPTERIS cf. LINEARIS Sternburg.
ALETHOPTERIS cf. AMBIGUA Lesquereux.
PECOPTERIS PLUMOSA Sternberg.
AIEGALOPTERIS sp. D. White.

NEUROPTERIS sp. D. White.

QDONTOPTERIS GRACILLIMA Newberry.
CALAMITES APPROXIMATUS Sternberg.
ASTEROPHYLLITES MINUTUS Andrews.
ANNULARIA CUSPIDATA Lesquereux.
CaLamostacrys sp. D. White.
SPHENOPHYLLUM CUNEIFOLIUM (Sternberg) Zeiller.
436 THE WEST VIRGINIA FOSSIL FLORA

LEPIDODENDRON RUSHVILLENSE Andrews.
LEPIDOSTROBUS VARIABILIS Lindley & Hutton.
LEpPIDOPHYLLUM sp. D. White.

TRILETES sp. D. White.

CARDIOCARPON BICUSPIDATUM (Sternberg) Newberry.
CARDIOCARPON CORNUTUM Dawson.

PLANTS REPORTED FROM THE KANAWHA FORMA-
TION (PENNSYLVANIAN: POTTSVILLE
GROUP).

EREMOPTERIS cf. SAUVEURI (Crepin) D. White.

Cedar Grove coal at East Bank.

EREMOPTERIS ARTEMISIAEFOLIA (Sternb.) Schimp.
Coalmont.

EREMOPTERIS cf. LINCOLNIANA D. White.
Eagle coal at St. Clair mine.

EREMOPTERIS n. sp. D. White.

Gas coal at Ansted; Peerless coal at Peerless, Cedar Grove
and Handley; Cedar Grove coal at East Bank and Riverside
mine.

CHEILANTHITES TRIFOLIOLATUS (Artis) Goepp.

Gas-Tunnel coal at Forest Hill mine near Edgewater;
Peerless coal at Peerless, Slaughters Creek, Black Diamond,
Monarch, Handley and Black Cat mines.

CHEILANTHITES OBTUSILOBUS var. DILATUS (Lesquereux) D.
White.

Cedar Grove coal at East Bank, Black Cat Mine, and

Cotton Hill? Also at Short Creek and Peytona.
CHEILANTHITES cf. NUMMULARIUS (Gutbier) D. White.
Stockton coal at Belmont, and on Buffalo Lick Fork and
Spanglers Fork of Blue Creek.
MARIOPTERIS INFLATA (Newberry) D. White.
Eagle coal at Eagle. Gas coal at Ansted; Diamond.
Martorterts cf. JAcquotr (Zeiller) D. White.
Cedar Grove coal at Cedar Grove.
MARIOPTERIS MURICATA (Schlotheim) Zeiller.

Eagle coal at Eagle and St. Clair; Stockton coal on
Hurricane Branch.

MARIOPTERIS LATIFOLIA (Brongniart) Zeiller.

Coalmont.

Mariopreris AcuTA (Brongniart) Zeiller.

Eagle coal at Eagle, Crescent and St. Clair. Peerless coal,
Cedar Grove, Peerless, Black Diamond and Slaughters
Creek.
WEST VIRGINIA GEOLOGICAL SURVEY 437

Mariopteris ANDRAEANA (v. Roehl) D. White.

Gas coal at Ansted; Peerless coal at Peerless; Cedar Grove
coal at East Bank, Black Cat. Also at Blacksburg and Coal-
mont.

MaRIOPTERIS SPHENOPTEROIDES (Lesquereux) Zeiller var. nov.
D. White.
Cedar Grove coal at East Bank, Blacksburg.
MARIOPTERIS NERVOSA (Brongniart) Zeiller.

Eagle coal at Eagle; Gas coal at Ansted and Diamond;

Stockton coal at Belmont.
SPHENOPTERIS SPINOSA Gopp.
Eagle coal at Eagle and St. Clair; Peerless coal: Cedar
Grove, Black Cat, and Slaughter Creek.

SPHENOPTERIS FURCATA Brongn,

Eagle coal at Crescent.
SPHENOPTERIS ELEGANS (Brongn.) Sternb.

Malden.
SPHENOPTERIS GENICULATA Germar & Kaulfuss.

Cedar Grove coal at East Bank and Black Cat mines.
SPHENOPTERIS HILDRETHI Lesquereux.

Cedar Grove coal at East Bank; also at Cotton Hill.
SPHENOPTERIS cf. TRICHOMANOIDES Brongn.

Stockton coal on Buffalo Lick Fork near Cannelton.
SPHENOPTERIS LINKII (Goeppert) Presl.

Eagle coal at Crescent.
SPHENOPTERIS TRACYANA Lesquereux?

Eagle coal at Eagle.
SPHENOPTERIS TENELLA Brongniart

Stockton coal on Buffalo Lick Fork, near Cannelton and
at Pond Gap.

SPHENOPTERIS (ZEILLERIA) DELICATULA Sternberg.

Gas coal at Ansted.

SPHENOPTERIS HYMENOPHYLLOIDES Brongn.

Stockton coal at Stanton mine, Pond Gap, and near mouth
of Hurricane Creek.

SPHENOPTERIS KARWINENSIS Stur.

Stockton coal, Pond Gap, and Buffalo Lick Fork near
Cannelton.

SPHENOPTERIS cf. DUBUISSONIS Brongn.

Eagle coal at St. Clair; Gas coal at Forest Hill mine;
Peerless coal at Peerless, Handley and Black Cat mines.

SPHENOPTERIS (RENAULTIA) MICROCARPA Lesquereux?
Eagle coal at Eagle and St. Clair.
SPHENOPTERIS SCHATZLARENSIS Stur.

Eagle coal at Crescent and St. Clair; Peerless coal at

Peerless and Monarch mines.
438 THE WEST VIRGINIA FOSSIL FLORA

SPHENOPTERIS cf. BRoaDHEsDI D. White.

Stockton coal at Pond Gap.
SPHENOPTERIS cf. CANNELTONENSIS D. White.

Peerless coal, Monarch mine.
SPHENOPTERIS MIXTA Schimp.

Stockton coal, Belmont mine, and Pond Gap.
SPHENOPTERIS (CROSSOTHECA) OPHIOGLOssOIDES (Lesq.) D.

White.

Stockton coal on Buffalo Lick Fork near Cannelton.
SPHENOPTERIS (CROSSOTHECA) cf. CREPINI Zeiller.

Peerless coal at Peerless; Gas coal at Ansted; Stockton

coal on Buffalo Lick near Cannelton and at Stanton mine.

OLIGOCARPIA ALABAMENSIS Lesquereux?

Cedar Grove coal, Cedar Grove.
OutcocaRPIA sp. D. White.

Peerless coal, Handley.
PECOPTERIS PLUMOSA Artis.

Gas coal, at Crescent, Diamond, Morris Creek and Ansted.
PECOPTERIS ASPERA Brongn.

Gas coal? Cotton Hill.
PECOPTERIS sp. cf. INTEGRA (Andrae) Schimper.

Eagle coal at Crescent.
PECOPTERIS VILLoSA Brongniart.

Stockton coal; Pond Gap.
PEcoPTERIS sp. cf. CRENULATA Brongn.

Tunnel coal and Gas coal, Ansted, Diamond, Morris

Creek, Crescent, Kelly’s Creek and Carbon Hill.
ALETHOPTERIS DECURRENS (Artis) Sternb.
Eagle coal at Crescent.
ALETHOPTERIS MASSILIONIS Lx.

Short Creek.

ALETHOPTERIS LONCHITICA (Schlotheim) Sternberg.

Gas coal, Ansted: Peerless coal at Cedar Grove; Cedar
Grove coal at Cedar Grove, East Bank, and Black Cat mines.

ALETHOPTERIS SERLII (Brongn.) Goepp.

Eagle coal at Eagle and St. Clair; Gas-Tumnel coal at
Diamond, Forest Hill, Morris Creek; Peerless coal at
Peerless, Monarch, Handley, Black Cat and on Slaughter
Creek; Cedar Grove coal at East Bank, Riverside mine and
on Hurricane and Kelly creeks; Stockton coal at Buffalo
Lick Fork and Spanglers Fork of Blue Creek.

NEUROPTERIS FLEXUOSA Sternb.

Eagle coal at Eagle; Gas-Tunnel coal at Forest Hill,
Diamond, Crescent, Morris Creek and Ansted; Peerless coal
at Peerless, Cedar Grove, Black Diamond, Monarch, Black
Cat, Handley, and on Slaughter Creek; Cedar Grove coal at
Cedar Grove, East Bank and Black Cat.
WEST VIRGINIA GEOLOGICAL SURVEY 439

NEUROPTERIS RARINERVIS Bunbury.
Stockton coal at Buffalo Lick Fork, Belmont, Pond Gap.
Stanton mine on Kelly’s Creek, and on Hurricane Creek.

NEuROPTERIS cf. GIGANTEA Sternb.

Gas coal at Ansted; Cedar Grove coal at East Bank.
NEUROPTERIS OVATA Hoffm.

Stockton coal, Pond Gap.
NeEvuRoptTeERIS cf. Carrit Lesq.

Stockton coal on Spangler’s Fork of Blue Creek.
NEvuROPTERIS Cistir Brongn.

Cedar Grove coal at Eastbank and Riverside.
NEuROPTERIS cf. ZEILLERI Potonie.

Eagle coal at Crescent.
NEUROPTERIS SCHEUCHZERI Hoffm.

Stockton coal at Belmont, Staunton mine on Hurricane
Branch, and on Slaughter’s Fork of Blue Creek.

CALAMITES SucKowI! Brongn.
Gas coal: <Ansted and Forest Hill mines; Cedar Grove
coal at Cedar Grove and Black Cat mines.
CaLaMITES Cisti1 Brongn.
Gas coal: Ansted; Cedar Grove coal at Eastbank.
CALAMITES RAMOSUS Artis.

Eagle coal, St. Clair mine; Gas coal at Forest Hill; Peer-
less coal at Peerless; Cedar Grove coal at Eastbank; Stock-
tonl coal at Belmont.

CALAMITES APPROXIMATUS Schlctheim.

Cotton Hill.

CALAMITINA sp. D. White.
Gas coal at Morris Creek.
CALAMODENDRON sp. D. White.
Peerless coal: Peerless.
ASTEROPHYLLITES MINUTUS Andrews.

Eagle coal, Crescent; Peerless coal, Cedar Grove and
Handley.

ASTEROPHYLLITES EQUISETIFORMIS (Schlotheim) Brongn.

Stockton coal, Belmont.

ASTEROPHYLLITES LYCOPODIOIDES Zeiller.
Cedar Grove coal at Eastbank.
ASTEROPHYLLITES RIGIDUS (Sternberg) Brongn.

Eagle coal: Eagle. Gas coal: Morris Creek. Cedar Grove

coal: Hurricane Creek, Kelley Creek and Easthank.
ANNULARI\ ACICULARIS (Dawson) Renault.

Eagle coal: Eagle and Crescent.

ANNULARIA RADIATA (Brongniart) Sternberg.

Gas coal: Ansted, Cotton Hill; Peerless coal: Peerless,
Cedar Grove, on Slaughters Fork of Blue Creek; Cedar
Grove coal at Eastbank.
440 THE WEST VIRGINIA FOSSIL FLORA

ANNULARIA STELLATA (Schlotheim) Wood.
Stockton coal: Belmont, Stanton mine and Pond Gap.
ANNULARIA SPHENOPHYLLOIDES (Zenker) Gutbier.

Stockton coal on Buffalo Lick Fork, at Stanton mine and
Pond Gap.

ANNULARIA RAMOSA (Artis) Weiss.

Eagle coal at St. Clair and Crescent; Gas coal: Ansted;
Cedar Grove coal: Eastbank; Peerless coal: Peerless, Cedar
Grove, Slaughter Creek, and Handley; Stockton coal: Bel-
mont and Stanton mines,

CALAMOSTACHYS RAMOSUS Weiss.
Eagle coal at St. Clair; Peerless coal at Peerless.
SPHENOPHYLLUM CUNEIFOLIUM (Sternberg) Zeiller.

Eagle coal: Eagle and St. Clair; Gas coal: Forest Hill,
Morris Creek, Black Cat and Handley; Cedar Grove coal:
Cedar Grove, Hurricane Creek; Stockton coal: Buffalo Lick
Fork, Spanglers Fork of Blue Creek, Stanton mine and
at Pond Gap.

SPHENOPHYLLUM LescuriANUM D. White.
Stockton coal: Buffalo Lick Fork and Pond Gap.
SPHENOPHYLLUM EMARGINATUM (Brongniart) Koenig.
Stockton coal: Spanglers Fork of Blue Creek.
SPHENOPHYLLUM FuRCATUM (Lindl. & Hutt.) Gein,
Eagle coal at Crescent and Eagle: Peerless coal at Hand-
ley.
Lycopopires MEreExi1 Lesquereux.
Stockton coal at Stanton mine and on Hurricane Creek.
LYCOPODITES SIMPLEX Lesquereux.

Peerless coal: Peerless; Cedar Grove coal: Eastbank,
Cotton Hill?

BoTHRODENDRON cf. MINUTIFOLIUM (Boulay) Zeiller.

Gas coal: Morris Creek, Ansted and Forest Hill mine;
Peerless coal: Peerless, Cedar Grove, Monarch, Handley,
Black Cat and on Slaughter Creek; Cedar Grove coal: Cedar
Grove, Eastbank, and Kelleys Creek; Stockton coal: Stanton
mine.

BotHRODENDRON sp. D. White.

Eagle coal: St. Clair.
LEPIDODENDRON cf. Britrsit Lesq.

Gas coal: Forest Hill mine; Peerless coal: Monarch.
LEPIDODENDRON ACUMINATUM (Goepp.) Ung.

Gas coal: Crescent.
LEPIDODENDRON VELTHEIMIANUM Sternb.

Gas coal: Morris Creek; Peerless coal at Handley.
LEPIDODENDRON LANCEOLATUM Lesq.

Stockton coal: Stanton mine and on Hurricane Creek.
WEST VIRGINIA GEOLOGICAL SURVEY 441

LEPIDODENDRON cf. DICHOTOMUM Sternb.

Eagle coal: Eagle and Crescent.

LEPIDODENDRON CLYPEATUM Lesq. ’

Cedar Grove coal on Kelley’s Creek below mouth of Hur-
ricane Creek.

LEPIDODENDRON OBOVATUM Sternb.
Eagle coal: Eagle; Gas coal: Diamond mine.
LEPIDODENDRON MODULATUM Lesq.

Stockton coal at Pond Gap.

LEPIDOPHLOIOS cf. LARICINUS Sternb.

Gas coal: Morris Creek and Ansted; Peerless coal at
Handley.

ULODENDRON Magus Lindl. & Hutt.
Gas coal at Ansted; Cedar Grove coal at Eastbank.
LEPIDOSTROBUS VARIABILIS Lindl. & Hutt.

Eagle coal: Eagle and St. Clair; Gas coal: Forest Hill,
Diamond and Ansted; Peerless coal: Cedar Grove, Monarch
and Handley; Cedar Grove coal: Hurricane Branch; Stock-
ton coal: Belmont and Stanton mines.

LEPIDOSTROBUS ORNATUS Brongn.?
Gas coal: Tunnel Mine, Kelley Creek.
LEPIDOSTROBUS SALISBURYI Lesq.
Coal River.
Leripostrosus sp. D. White.
Gas coal: Kelleys Creek.
LEPIDOPHYLLUM ACUMINATUM Lesq.
Peerless coal: Peerless.
LEPIDOPHYLLUM LANCEOLATUM Lindl. & Hutt.?
Stockton coal: Stanton mine.
LEPIDOPHYLLUM CAMPBELLIANUM Lesq.

Eagle coal: Eagle and St. Clair; Gas coal: Diamond,
Morris Creek, Forest Hill and Ansted; Peerless coal: Peer-
less; Cedar Grove coal: Kelley Creek below mouth of Hurri-
cane Branch.

LEPIDOPHYLLUM cf. CULTRIFORME Lesq.

Gas coal: Diamond, Morris Creek and Kelley Creek.
LEpipocystis opTusuS Lesq.

Gas coal: Morris Creek and Kelleys Creek.
LEPIDOCYSTIS VESICULARIS Lesq.

Stockton coal: Buffalo Lick Fork and Stanton mine.
SIGILLARIA FISSA Lesq.

Stockton coal: Hurricane Branch.
SIGILLARIA cf. RETICULATA Lesq.

_ Gas coal: Morris Creek.

SIGILLARIA cf. ICHTYOLEPIS (Sternb.) Corda.

Gas coal: Tunnel mine.
CORDAITES BORASSIFOLTUS (Sternb.) Ung.
442 THE WEST VIRGINIA FOSSIL FLORA

Gas coal: Tunnel mine.
Poacorpaites sp. D. White.
Stockton coal; Pond Gap.
CoRDAICARPON CIRCULARE (Lesq.) D. White.
Stockton coal: Stockton.
CoRDAICARPON CINCTUM Lesq.
Stockton coal: Pond Gap.
CARDIOCARPON MINOR Newberry.
Gas coal: Tunnel mine.
RuHABDOCARPOS BocKSCHIANUS Goepp. & Berg.
Campbells Creek.
RHABDOCARPOS MULTISTRIATUS (Presl) Lesq.
Gas coal: Ansted.
RHABDOCARPOS TENAX Lesq.
Campbells Creek.
RHABDOCARPOS sULCATUsS (Lindl. & Hutt.) Schimp.
Eagle coal: Eagle; Gas coal: Forest Hill and Morris
Creek.
RHABDOCARPOS AMYGDALAEFORMIS Goepp. & Berger.
Peerless coal: Monarch.
CARPOLITHES? FRAGARIOIDES Newberry.
Gas coal: Ansted; Peerless coal: Peerless.
PALAEOXYRIS APPENDICULATA Lesq.
Stockton coal: Stanton mine.
TRIGONOCARPUM AMPULLAEFORME Lesq.
Malden.
TrIGONOCARPUM NOEGGERATHII (Sternb.) Brongn.
Campbells Creek and Malden.

PLANTS REPORTED FROM THE ALLEGHENY FORM-
ATION (PENNSYLVANIAN).

EREMOPTERIS SOLIDA (Lesq.) D. White.
Kittanning coal group near Clendennin.
CHEILANTHITES sQuAMOSUS (Lesq.) D. White.
Granny Branch of Indian Creek near Mason; Kittanning
coal group near Clendennin.
MARIOPTERIS SILLIMANNI (Brongn.) D. White.
Granny Branch of Indian Creek near Mason; Kittanning
coal group: Graham mine near Clendennin.
Marropterts Newperryi (Lesq.) D. White.
Kittanning coal group near Clendennin.
MARIOPTERIS NERVOSA (Brongn.) Zeill.
Kittanning coal group on Belva-Lizemore road; Furnace
Hollow, Wayne Co.
WEST VIRGINIA GEOLOGICAL SURVEY 443

MARIOPTERIS SPHENOPTEROIDES (Lesq.) Zeill.

Granny Branch of Indian Creek near Mason.

SPHENOPTERIS PINNATIFIDA (Lesq.) D. White.
Kittanning coal group near Clay Court House.
SPHENOPTERIS CHAEROPHYLLOIDES (Brongn.) Presl.
Kittanning coal group near Clendennin.
SPHENOPTERIS cf. STIPULATA Gutb.
Granny Branch of Indian Creek near Mason.
SPHENOPTERIS OPHIOGLOsSOIDES (Lesq.) D. White.

Kittanning coal group: Belva-Lizemore road and near
Clendennin.

SPHENOPTERIS (CROSSOTHECA) sAciTTtatus (Lesq.) D. White.

Kittanning coal group near Clay Court House.

PECOPTERIS DENTATA Brongn.

Kittanning coal group near Clay Court House; also in

the Allegheny at Furnace Hollow, Wayne Co.
PECOPTERIS UNITA Brongn,

Kittanning coal group near Clendennin and on the Belva-
Lizemore road.

PECOPTERIS EMARGINATA (Goepp.) Presl.

Kittanning coal group at Pleasant Retreat and Clendennin
(Cobb mine).

PECOPTERIS VESTITA Lesq.
Kittanning coal group, Cobb mine near Clendennin.
PECOPTERIS VILLosA Brongn. ?

Kittanning coal group near Clendennin, and Graham mine
near Mason, and along Belva-Lizemore road and near Clay
Court House; also in the Allegheny at Furnace Hollow.
Wayne County; also present on Granny Branch of Indian
Creek near Mason.

PECOPTERIS OREOPTERIDIA (Schloth.) Sternb.

Kittanning coal group: Graham mine near Mason; also
in beds said to be Lower Freeport at Furnace Hollow,
Wayne County.

PecopTeris Mittoni (Artis) Sternb.

Kittanning coal group at Pleasant Retreat and near Clay
Court House.

ALETHOPTERIS PENNSYLVANICA Lesq.

Bed said by Dr. I. C. White to be near the Lower Free-
port coal, near Furnace Hollow, Wayne County.

CALLIPTERIDIUM ? INAEQUALE Lesq.

Bed said by Dr. I. C. White to be near the Lower Free-

port coal, near Furnace Hollow, Wayne County.
NEUROPTERIS RARINERVIS Bunb.

Kittanning coal group near Clay Court House; also in
beds said to be Lower Freeport at Furnace Hollow, Wayne
County.
444 THE WEST VIRGINIA FOSSIL FLORA

NEUROPTERIS VERMICULARIS Lesq.

Gunter Hollow near Mason.

NeEvuRopTeris ovata Hoffm.

Granny Branch of Indian Creek near Mason; also in Kit-
tanning coal group near Clay Court House, Pleasant Retreat
and near Clendennin.

NEUROPTERIS FIMBRIATA Lesq.
Kittanning coal group near Clay Court House.
NEUROPTERIS SCHEUCHZERI Hoffm.

Furnace Hollow, Wayne County, and Granny Branch of
Indian Creek near Mason; also from Kittanning coal group
near Clay Court House, Graham mine, Pleasant Retreat and
near Clendennin.

Nevroptreris Acassiz1 Lesq.?
Supposed Lower Freeport horizon in Furnace: Hollow,
Wayne County.

LINOPTERIS OBLIQUA (Bunbury) Zeill.

Kittanning coal group near Clay Court House.
ODONTOPTERIS WorTHENI Lesq.

Granny Branch of Indian Creek near Mason.
ODONTOPTERIS SUBCUNEATA Bunbury.

Kittanning coal group at Graham mine near Mason.
ODONTOPTERIS AEQUALIS Lesq.

Kittanning coal group, Belva-Lizemore road.
CALAMITES CrsTiI Brongn.

Kittanning coal group near Clendennin.
ANNULARIA STELLATA (Schloth.) Wood.

Kittanning coal group: Graham mine, Cob mine near
Clendennin; near Clay Court House, and Pleasant Retreat.
Also reported on Granny Branch of Indian Creek near
Mason.

ANNULARIA SPHENOPHYLLOIDES (Zenk.) Gutb.

Kittanning coal group: Graham mine.

ANNULARIA SPHENOPHYLLOIDES vat. INTERMEDIA Lesq.

Furnace Hollow, Wayne County.

SPHENOPHYLLUM EMARGINATUM (Brongn.) Koenig.

Kittanning coal group; Cob mine near Clendennin; near
Clay Court House, and on Belva-Lizemore road. Also re-
ported on Granny Branch of Indian Creek near Mason.
Beds said to be Lower Freeport age, near Furnace Hollow,
Wayne County.

SPHENOPHYLLUM MaAyjus Bronn.
Kittanning coal group; near Clendennin.
LEPIDODENDRON MODULATUM Lesq.

Granny Branch of Indian Creek near Mason; also over

“Lower Freeport” coal, at Furnace Hollow, Wayne County.
WEST VIRGINIA GEOLOGICAL SURVEY 445

SPHENOPHYLLUM MAJjus Bronn.
Kittanning coal group near Clendennin.
LeEpPIDoPHLoIos sp. D. White.
Furnace Hollow, near Huntington pike (“Lower Free-
port’).
LEPIDOPHYLLUM BREVIFOLIUM Lesq.
Kittanning coal group near Clendennin.
LEPIDOPHYLLUM JENNYI D. White.
Granny Branch of Indian Creek near Mason.
LEPIDOPHYLLUM OBLONGIFOLIUM Lesq.

Kittanning coal group near Clendennin and on Belva-Lize-
more road; also over “Lower Freeport” coal in Furnace
Hollow, Wayne County.

LEPIDOPHYLLUM HASTATUM Lesq.

Kittanning coal group near Clay Court House.
LEPIDOCYSTIS VESCICULARIS Lesq.

Kittanning coal group: Belva-Lizemore road.
SIGILLARIA CAMPTOTAENIA (Wood) Zeiill.

Kittanning coal group: Belva-Lizemore road, Clendennin
near Clay Court House.

CARPOLITHES ELLIpTicus Sternb.

Kittanning group: Cobb mine near Clendennin; also re-
ported from the formation on Granny Branch of Indian
Creek near Mason.

PLANTS RECORDED FROM THE CONEMAUGH
FORMATION (PENNSYLVANIAN).

CHEILANTHITES (SPHENOPTERIS) SOLIDUS (Lesq.) D. White.

Left Fork of Mill Creek, Wayne. Co.
CHEILANTHITES OBTUSILOBUs (Brongn.) Gopp.

Left Fork of Mill Creek, Wayne. Co.
CHEILANTHITES sguamosus (Lesq.) D. White.

Left Fork of Mill Creek, Wayne. Co.
MaRIOPTERIS SILLIMANNI (Brongn.) D. White.

Left Fork of Mill Creek, Wayne Co.
MARIOPTERIS NERVOSA (Brongn.) Zeill.

Left Fork of Mill Creek, Wayne. Co.
SPHENOPTERIS MINUTISECTA Font. & I. C. White.

Left Fork of Mill Creek, Wayne. Co.
SPHENOPTERIS (CROSSOTHECA) OPHIOGLOSSOIDES Lesq.

Left Fork of Mill Creek, Wayne. Co.
ALETHOPTERIS SERLII. (Brongn). Gopp.

Left Fork of Mill Creek, Wayne. Co,
PECOPTERIS UNITA Brongn.

Left Fork of Mill Creek, Wayne. Co,
446 THE WEST VIRGINIA FOSSIL FLORA

PECOPTERIS VILLOSA Brongn. ?

Left Fork of Mill Creek, Wayne. Co.
Pecopteris cf. JENNEYI D. White.

Left Fork of Mill Creek, Wayne. Co.
PECOPTERIS OREOPTERIDIA (Schloth.) Sternb.

Left Fork of Mill Creek, Wayne Co.; near Lavalette.
Pecopterts Mitton (Artis) Sternb.

Left Fork of Mill Creek, Wayne Co.
PECOPTERIS POLYMORPHA Brongn.

Near Lavalette.
Pecopteris sp. D. White.

Near Lavalette.
NEvrorteris ovata Hoffm.

Left Fork of Mill Creek, Wayne Co.
NEUROPTERIS FIMBRIATA Lesq.

Left Fork of Mill Creek, Wayne Co.
NEUROPTERIS SCHEUCHZERI Hoffm.

Wheeling, and 20 feet below the Pittsburgh coal at

Bellaire, Ohio.

SPHENOPHYLLUM MAJjuUs Bronn.

Left Fork of Mill Creek, Wayite Co.
LycopopITES PENDULUS Lesq.

Left Fork of Mill can Wayne Co.
SIGILLARIA FISSA Lesq.

Left Fork of Mill Creek, Wayne Co.
LEPIDOCYSTIS VESICULARIS Lesq.

Left Fork of Mill Creek, Wayne Co.
CoRDAICARPON GUTBIERI (Gein.) Gr. ’Ery.

Left Fork of Mill Creek, Wayne Co.

PLANTS RECORDED FROM THE MONONGAHELA
FORMATION (PENNSYLVANIAN).

Mariopreris? sPINULOSA (Lesq.) D. White.
Wheeling, W. Va.

ALETHOPTERIS AQUILINA (Schlcth.) Goepp.
Wheeling, W. Va.

PECOPTERIS UNITA Brogn.
Wheeling, W. Va.

PECOPTERIS VILLOSA Brongn. ?
Wheeling, W. Va.

Pecoprerts c/. JENNEyI D. White.
Wheeling, W. Va.

PECOPTERIS NOTATA Lesq.
Redstone coal, Wheeling, W. Va.
WEST VIRGINIA GEOLOGICAL SURVEY 447

PECOPTERIS NODOSA (Goepp.) Schimp.
Marietta, Ohio.

Dicxsonites PLuckeNnetI (Schloth.)
Wheeling, W. Va.

NEUROPTERIS CALLOSA Lesq.
Pomeroy, Ohio.

NEUROPTERIS CRENULATA Brongn.
Pomeroy, Ohio.

NEUROPTERIS GRANGERI Brongn.
Wheeling, W. Va., and Bellaire, Ohio.

NEvuROPTERIS SCHEUCHZERI Hoffm.
Wheeling, W. Va., and Bellaire, Ohio, 20 feet below Pitts-

burgh coal.

LescuroPreris Moorit (Lesq.) Schimp.
Wheeling, W. Va.

APHLEBIA FILICIFORMIS (Gutb.) Schimp.
Wheeling, W. Va.

SIGILLARIA Menarpi Brongn.
Pomeroy, Ohio.

LIST OF FOSSIL PLANTS REPORTED FROM THE
DUNKARD FORMATION* (PERMIAN).

DIPLOTHMEMA PACHYDERMA (Font. & I. C. White) D. White.
Waynesburg coal, Cassville, and Dents Run; also 500 feet
above the same coal.
SPHENOPTERIS MINUTISECTA Font. & I. C. White.
Waynesburg coal at West Union.
SPHENOPTERIS (CYMOGLOSSA) BREVILOBA (Font. & I. C. W.)
D. White.
Waynesburg coal at Cassville.
SPHENOPTERIS (CYMOGLOSSA) FORMOSA (Font. & I. C. White)
D. White.
Waynesburg coal at Cassville.
SPHENOPTERIS (CyMOGLOSSA) LOBATA (Font. & I. C. White)
D. White.
Waynesburg coal at Cassville.
SPHENOPTERIS (CyMOGLOSSA) OBTUSIFOLIA (Font. & I. C. White)
D. White.
Waynesburg coal at Cassville.

*For notes on the Permian-Monongahela boundary see Bull.
Geol. Soc., Amer., vol. xiv, 1903, p. 538; Geol. Survey W. Va.,
vol. 11, p. 120; and the U. S. Geol. Survey, Waynesburg and
Rogersville Folios.
448 THE WEST VIRGINIA FOSSIL FLORA

SPHENOPTERIS LESCURIANA Meek.
Waynesburg coal at West Union.
SPHENOPTERIS DENTATA Font, & I. C, White.
Waynesburg coal at Cassville.
SPHENOPTERIS AURICULATA Font. & I. C. White.
Waynesburg coal at Cassville.
SPHENOPTERIS FOLIOSA Font. & I. C. White.
Waynesburg coal at Cassville.
SPHENOPTERIS HASTATA Font. & I. C. White s
Waynesburg coal at West Union.
SPHENOPTERIS HASTATA Font. & I. C. White.
Waynesburg coal at Cassville.
SPHENOPTERIS ACROCARPA Font. & I. C. White.
Waynesburg coal at Cassville.
SPHENOPTERIS sp.? Font. & I. C. White.
Waynesburg coal at Cassville.
PEcorpTeRIS PLUCKENETI (Schloth.) Sternb.
Waynesburg coal at West Union.
PEcOPTERIS PLUCKENETI var. CoNSTRIcTA Font. & I. C. White.
Waynesburg coal at West Union.
PEcorpTeRIS GERMARI (Weiss) Font. & I. C. White.
Waynesburg coal at West Union and Cassville.
PECOPTERIS GERMARI var. CRASSINERVIS Font. & I. C. White.
Waynesburg coal at West Union.
PECOPTERIS GERMARI var. CUSPIDATA Font. & I. C. White.
Waynesburg coal at West Union.
PECOPTERIS DENTATA var. CRENATA Font. & I. C. White.
Waynesburg coal, Cassville.
PECOPTERIS DENTATA var. PARVA Lesq.
Waynesburg coal, Cassville.
PECOPTERIS PACHYPTEROIDES Font. & I. C. White.
Waynesburg coal, Cassviile.
PECOPTERIS (GONIOPTERIS) EMARGINATA (Gopp.) D. White.
Waynesburg coal, Cassville and 800 feet higher at Bellton.
PECOPTERIS (GONIOPTERIS) OBLONGA (Font. & I. C. White)
Miller.
Waynesburg coal, West Union.
Pecoprerts (GONIOPTERIS) NEWBERRIANA (Font. & I. C. W.)
Miller.
Waynesburg coal, West Union.
PECOPTERIS (GONIOPTERIS) LONGIFOLIA (Font. & I. C. W.), D.
White.
Waynesburg coal, Cassville.
PEcopTERIS (GONIOPTERIS) ELLIPTICA (Font. & I. C. White) D.
White.
Waynesburg coal, Cassville.

1
WEST VIRGINIA GEOLOGICAL SURVEY 449

PEcoPpTERIS (GONIOPTERIS) sp.? Font. & I. C. White.
Waynesburg coal, Cassville.
PECOPTERIS (GONIOPTERIS) ARGUTA (Brongn.).
Waynesburg coal, Cassville and West Union.
PECOPTERIS GONIOPTEROIDES Font. & I. C. White.
Waynesburg coal, Cassville.
PECOPTERIS (GONIOPTERIS) ELEGANS (Germ.).
Waynesburg coal, Cassville.
PECOPTERIS ARBORESCENS (Schloth.) Brongn.
Waynesburg coal at Cassville, West Union, etc.; 400 feet
above that coal at Bellton.
PECOPTERIS ARBORESCENS var. INTEGRIPINNA Font. & I. C. White.
400-600 feet above the Waynesburg coal in Monongalia,
Tyler and Marshall counties.
PECOPTERIS PENNAEFORMIS var. LATIFOLIA Font. & I. C. White.
Waynesburg coal, Cassville.
PECOPTERIS CANDOLLEANA Brongn.
Waynesburg coal, West Union.
PECOPTERIS OREOPTERIDIA (Schlcth.) Sternb.
4oo feet above Waynesburg coal at Bellton.
PECOPTERIS RARINERVIS Font. & I. C. White.
Waynesburg coal, Cassville.
PECOPTERIS IMBRICATA Font. & I. C. White.
Waynesburg coal, Cassville.
PECOPTERIS PLATYNERVIS Font. & I. C. White.
Waynesburg coal, Cassville.
PECOPTERIS ASPLENIOIDES Font. & I. C. White.
Waynesburg coal, Cassville.
PECOPTERIS ROTUNDILOBA Font. & I. C. White.
Waynesburg coal, Cassville.
PECOPTERIS MICROPHYLLA Brongn.
Waynesburg coal, Cassville.
PECOPTERIS ANGUSTIPINNA Font. & I. C. White.
Waynesburg coal, \West Union.
PECOPTERIS TENUINERVIS Font. & I. C. White.
Waynesburg coal, Cassville.
PECOPTERIS SUBFALCATA Font. & I. C. White.
Waynesburg coal, Cassville.
Pecopteris Hrerertana Font. & I. C. White.
Waynesburg coal, Cassville.
PECOPTERIS SCHIMPERIANA Font. & I. C. White.
Waynesburg coal, West Union.
PECOPTERIS LANCEOLATA Font. & I. C. White.
Waynesburg coal at Moundsville, and 400 feet higher at
Bellton.
PECOPTERIS INCLINATA Font. & I. C. White.
Wavnesburg coal, Cassville.
450 THE WEST VIRGINIA FOSSIL FLORA

PECOPTERIS MERIANOPTEROIDES Font. & I. C. White.
Waynesburg coal, Cassville, W. Va., and Carmichaels,
Penna.
PECOPTERIS ROTUNDIFOLIA Font. & I. C. White.
Waynesburg coal, Cassville.
Pecopteris sp.? D. White.
Waynesburg coal, Cassville.
PECOPTERIS OVOIDES Font. & I. C. White.
400 feet above Waynesburg coal at Bellton.
PECOPTERIS LATIFOLIA Font. & I. C. White.
Waynesburg coal, Cassville and at Bellton.
PECOPTERIS PTEROIDES Brongn.
Waynesburg coal near Arnettsville.
Pecoptrerts Mittoni (Artis) Sternb.
Waynesburg coal, West Union.
PECOPTERIS POLYMORPHA Brongn.
Cassville ?
PECOPTERIS ELLIPTICA Bunbury.
Waynesburg coal, Cassville.
PECOPTERIS (CALLIPTERIDIUM) GRANDIFOLIA (F. & I. C. W.).
D. White.
Waynesburg coal: West Union, Dents Run, and George-
town.
Pecoprerts (CALLIPTERIDIUM) OBLONGIFOLIA (F. & I. C. W.).
D. White.
Waynesburg coal at Dents Run, Georgtown and Cassville,
and 4oo feet higher at Bellton.
PECOPTERIS (CALLIPTERIDIUM ) ODONTOPTEROIDES (F. & I. C. W.)
D. White.
Waynesburg coal at Cassville, Georgetown and Arnetts-
ville.
PECOPTERIS (CALLIPTERIDIUM) UNITUM (Font. & I. C. White. )
D. White.
Waynesburg coal at Cassville, Georgetown and Arnetts-
ville.
PECOPTERIS (CALLIPTERIDIUM) Dawsonianum (F. & I. C. W.)
D. White.
Waynesburg coal, West Union, Cassville and Dents Run
ALETHOPTERIS VIRGINIANA Font. & I. C. White.
Waynesburg coal, Cassville.
ALETHOPTERIS GIGAS (Gutb.) Gein.
500 feet above Waynesburg coal at Bellton.
CALLIPTERIS CONFERTA (Sternb.) Brongn.
Washington coal near Brown’s Bridge, \lonongalia
County.
WEST VIRGINIA GEOLOGICAL SURVEY 451

CALLIPTERIS LYRATIFOLIA (Grand ’Eury) var. corticea (F. &
I. C. W.) D. White.
Washington coal group near Jollytown, Pa.
CALLIPTERIS CURRETIENSIS Zeill. (F & I. C. W.) D. White.
Washington coal group near Jollytown, Pa.
TAENIOPTERIS LEscURIANA Font. & I. C. White.
Waynesburg coal, Cassville.
TAENIOPTERIS NEWBERRIANA Font. & I: C. White.
Waynesburg coal, Cassville.
TAENIOPTERIS NEWBERRIANA var. ANGUSTA Font. & I. C.\White
Waynesburg coal, Cassville.
NEUROPTERIS Ov.ATA Hoffm. (variety).
Waynesburg coal, Cassville and Brown’s Mills.
NEUROPTERIS GIBBOSA Lesq.
Waynesburg coal at Brown’s Mills.
NEUROPTERIS PLANCHARDI Zeill. var. LONGIFOLIA (F. & IC. W.)
D. White.
Waynesburg coal at West Union.
NEUROPTERIS DICTYOPTEROIDES F & I. C. White.
Waynesburg coal at West Union and 400 feet above
Waynesburg coal at Bellton.
NNEUROPTERIS FIMBRIATA Lesq.
Waynesburg coal at Carmichaels, Pa.
NEUROPTERIS CORDATA Brongn.
Waynesburg coal at Cassville and West Unicn.
NEUROPTERIS AURICULATA Brongn.
Waynesburg coal at Cassville and West Union, and 400
feet higher at Bellton.
LESCUROPTERIS ADIANTOIDES Lesq.
Waynesburg coal at Georgetown.
OpoNTOPTERIS REIcHIANA Gutb.
Waynesburg coal at Brown’s Mills.
ODONTOPTERIS OBTUSILOBA var. RARINERVISFont. & I. C. White.
400 feet above \Vaynesburg coal at Bellton.
ODONTOPTERIS NERVOSA Font. & I. C. White.
Waynesburg coal at Cassville and West Union.
ODONTOPTERIS DENSIFOLIA Font. & I. C. White.
Waynesburg coal at Cassville.
CAULOPTERIS GIGANTEA Font. & I. C. White.
Waynesburg coal, Cassville.
CAULOPTERIS ELLIPTICA Font. & I. C. White.
Waynesburg coal, -Cassville.
APHLEBIA (RHACOPHYLLUM) LACINIATUM (F. & I. C. White).
Sellards.
Waynesburg coal, Cassville.
452 THE WEST VIRGINIA FOSSIL FLORA

APHLEBIA Lactuca (Presl) Sterzel.
Waynesburg coal, Cassville; West Union; also Carmi-
chels, Pa.
APHLEBIA (RHACOPHYLLUM) SPECIOSISSIMA (Schimp.) D.White.
Waynesburg coal, West Union, W. Va., and Carmichaels,
Pa.
APHLEBIA (RHACOPHYLLUM) FILICIFORMIS var. MayuS (F & I
C. White) D. White.
Waynesburg coal, Cassville.
EQUISETITES RUGOSUS Schimp.
Waynesburg coal, West Union.
EQUISETITES STRIATUS Font. & I. C. White.
Waynesburg coal, West Union.
EQUISETITES ELONGATUS Font. & I. C. White.
Waynesburg coal, West Union.
CALAMITES SucKow!1 Brongn.
Waynesburg coal, West Union and Cassville.
NEMATOPHYLLUM ANGUSTUM Font. & I. C. White.
Waynesburg coal, Cassville and West Union.
ANNULARIA RADIATA (Brongn.) Sternb.*
Waynesburg coal, Cassville.
ANNULARIA STELLATA (Schloth.) Wood.
Waynesburg coal, Cassville and West Union.
ANNULARIA SPHENOPHYLLOIDES (Zenk.) Gutb.
Waynesburg coal, Cassville.
ANNULARIA CARINATA Gutb.
Waynesburg coal: Cassville, West Union and Bellton.
ANNULARIA MINUTA Brongn.
Washington coal, Little Washington.
SPHENOPHYLLUM OBLONGIFOLIUM (Germ. & Kauf.) Ung.
Waynesburg coal, Cassville.
SPHENOPHYLLUM LONGIFOLIUM (Germ.) Gein. & Gutb.
Waynesburg coal, Cassville and West Union.
SPHENOPHYLLUM THoNI Mahr. Washington, Pa.
SPHENOPHYLLUM FONTAINEANUM S. A. Mill.
Waynesburg coal, Cassville and West Union.
SPHENOPHYLLUM FILICULME Lesq.
Waynesburg coal, Cassville and West Union; also at Car-
michaels, Pa.
SPHENOPHYLLUM TENUIFOLIUM Font. & I. C. White.
Waynesburg coal, Cassville and West Union.
SPHENOPHYLLUM ANGUSTIFOLIUM Gutb.
Waynesburg coal at Dents Run and Wadestown.
SPHENOPHYLLUM DENSIFOLIUM Font. & I. C. White.
Waynesburg coal, Cassville.

*Probably not this species.
WEST VIRGINIA GEOLOGICAL SURVEY 453

SIGILLARIA Brarpi Brongn.
Waynesburg coal, Cassville.

SIGILLARIA APPROXIMATA Font. & I. C. White.
Waynesburg coal, Arnettsville.

CoRDAITES CRASSINERVIS Font. & I. C. White.
Waynesburg coal, Cassville.

BAIERA VIRGINIANA Font. & I. C. White.
Waynesburg coal, Cassville.

SAPORTAEA SALISBURIOIDES Font. & I, C. White.
Waynesburg coal, Cassville.

RHABDOCARPOS OBLONGATUS Font. & I. C. White.
Waynesburg coal, Cassville.

CARPOLITHES BICARPUS Font. & I. C. White.
Waynesburg coal, Cassville.

CARPOLITHES MARGINATUS Font. & I. C. White.
Waynesburg coal, Cassville.

GUILIELMITES ORBICULARIS Font. & I. C. White.
Waynesburg coal, Cassville.

FOSSIL PLANTS REPORTED FROM THE CARMICH-
AELS CLAY (PLEISTOCENE) NEAR
MORGANTOWN.

EQUISETUM ARVENSE L.
PoTAMOGETON RogBINsiI Oakes.
Cyperus sp. Knowlton.
CASTANEA PUMILA Mill.

FAGUS FERRUGINEA Ait.

BETULA NIGRA L.

QuERCUS FALCATA Mich.
ULMus RACEMOSA Thomas.
PLATANUS OCCIDENTALIS L.
LIQUIDAMBAR STYRACIFLUA L.
ABIES

INDEX TO PART I.

Canadensis

Fraseri .
ABUTILON .
Abutilon
Avicennae
ACALYPHA
Virginica
Virginica

 

intermedia

ACANTHACEAE

ACANTHOSTIGMA
decastylum

ACER

dasycarpum

Negundo

nigrum .
Pennsylva
rubrum .

nicum

saccharinum L......
saccharinum Wang..

Saccharum

spicatum

ACERACEAE

ACERATES .
viridiflora
ACHILLEA .

Millefolium
ACHNANTHES

lanceolata

ACHROANTHES

unifolia
ACONITUM

reclinatum
uncinatum

Acorus
Calamus

ACROGYNAE

 

ANACROGYNAE

ACTAEA

rubra

 

spicata rubra.......
ACTINOMERIS ..sseeeee

alternifolia

ACTINONEMA
Rosae ..

ADIANTUM
pedatum

304

101
101
299
300
300
300
299
300
300
300
300
300
299
332
382
385
385

29

29
236
236
256
256
256
224
224
165
164
254
255
254
254
385
383

65

65
192

 

pumila ..
ADLUMIA
fungosa ...
ADOPOGON
amplexicaulis
Dandelion
Virginicum
AECIDIUM
Houstonianum
Ilicinum
Impatientis
Ludwigiae
Solidaginis
AESCULUS
flava
glabra
hybrida
octandra
octandra_ pur-
purescens
Pavia
AGARICACEAE
AGARICUS
arvensis
campester
Melleus
muscarius
placomyces
Rodmani
silvaticus
silvicola
AGASTACHE
nepetoides
scrophulariaefolia ...
AGRIMONIA
Brittoniana
Eupatoria
gryposepala
hirsuta
mollis
parviflora
striata
AGROPYRON
repens
AGROSTEMMA
Githago
AGROSTIS
alba

  

 

 

 

 

300

301

342

 

 

 

 

 
  

 

 

alba aristata ....... 211
altissima 211
canina 211
hyemalis 211
INterMed Ia, Gage yiwes 211
perennans ..... 211
AGYRIUM 161
rufum 161
AILANTHUS 293
glandulosa ......... 293
AIZOACEAE ........ 248
ALDTRIS: 6 yoa 92 Seth s 229
PATINGSA --js.hcsci-a synced 229
ADISMAS Seccucemcecssiciiesn 202
Plantago-aquatica ... 202
ALISMACEAE ...... 202
APEUOM: Cail ctaPaowes 227
Canadense ......... 228
COMMUN: 24 scans ce 228
tricoccUM 4s. .caceees 228
WANE ALE! rec gedorsiae aides 227
JNSENUS -sacetcot es eis oc 240
Alnobetula 240
TNCAM A 4 sos Sekea deine 240
TAS OS A: capsid vow ap araa eae 240
serrulata 240
viridis 240
ALSINE .. 250
media. a4 cca 250
longifolia ¢2..604¢.04 250
PUBEEA. \.scc0:5- ders 250
Tennesseensis 250
ALTERNARIA eee eee eee 42
Brassicae-nigrescens.. 42
AEDHEA, o6 3-2 tytaiyee scare 303
TOSER ag wo nasresesccped 303
AMANITA, 2 5s oigis wee tate 119
COCSOTER:. 6 satin ov aces 120
CU CHO. tse bcue cote as 120
POPINOSG! << sevarnws eek 121
flavo-rubens ........ 119
TErOSthi, s.sscitecainas 120
Muscaria> cccisee cones 119
alas asela we Meneoea, & 119
phalloides .......... 120
polypyramis 119
TUbEeSceNS stone ndes 120
solitaria .........0.. 120
SPE CAM ges seeded iS cussoos 120
   

 

 

 

   

 

 

 

  
 

 

‘ WEST VIRGINIA GEOLOGICAL
spreta parva 120 | ANAGALLIS 328
strobiliformis ... 120 arvensis 328
WEPRA: cei: ss 119) ANAPHALIS .......0.05 379
vittadini 120) margaritacea ........ 379

AMANISELER Aah ANDREAEA, Qrosie'es sticloe-2 172
farinosa 121 %

Gran iaopess 121 TUMPESENIS: oceccesevsisasceye 172
nivalis: <.oscnea cosas 1g1| ANDREAEACEAE ... 172
strangulata ......... 121) ANDROMEDA 324

AMARANTHACELAE.. 248 floribunda 324

AMARANTHUS ac cuaccan 24g| ligustrina pubescens.. 324
GOES Rs ukehe da banen a4g| Mariana ............ B24
graecizans ... 248} ANDROPOGON .......... 203
hybridus 248 fUrcatus: 2s. .saex 203
hypochondriacus .... 248 scoparius ...... 203
paniculatus ......... 248 Virginicus ..... 205
retroflexus ......... 248| ANEMONE. ......... 256
spinosus ..........- 248 Canadensis ...... 256

AMARYLLIDACEAE. 232) ¥/indrica ae

AMBLYSTEGIUM ....... TBS | One Oh OSE. x eenpaee ae ee

Pennsylvanica ...... 256
adnatum «...0¢saruas oe 185 . :
Auviatile ccc cc. 186 quinquefolia piped babs 256
i trifolia ...... ocaenchen ate 256
IEFERUUM: isc osrve 186 Virginians 256
juratskanum 186 Ini Rie in cate pet
orthocladon AS Gi), eeeteerres Sea ay
radicale ..... 186 VORFOWE cos ieteaieseasiny 164
riparium TSGiHANGELICA 2.040500 hace 815
serpens ......--.-+5 186 atropurpurea ....... 315
serpens orthocladon 186 Gurtisity wiscas ese 315
VATU: 2)i-chdas ose 186 VATSURG- pecree skew 315

AMBROSIA, d-eseeccwains 369 | Villosa .......-..... 315
artemisiaefolia ...... 369 | SNOMODON ....---..-- 185
bidentate ...<c.¢s a4 369 attenuatus ......... 185
bei Aidlaken  ce Wiaause Sites 369 obtusifolius ........ 185
trifida integrifolia 369 TOSEratuss <a s-isieresssans oe 185

AMBROSIACEAE .... 369| ANONACEAE 258

AMELANCHIER ...-.4- 280) ANTENNARIA .........5 378
Botryapium, aca... 280 Pallas ano. s-wwmvene sy 378
Canadensis ......--- 280 Meodivica «x ceccvas ss 378
Canadensis oblongi- Pardini’ iiss gee ysiivece oes 378

ree 280 plantaginifolia ...... 378

AMIANTHIUM ...--eeeee 226 PrOpingqUa- vxsseees ds 878
muscaetoxicum ...... 226 SOlitaria: s24 oi nees tex 878

AMPELOPSIS «43 cseu ees 303) ANTHEMIG «26108 0s es 385
Cordata wcses.seeets 303 arvensis ............ 385
quinquefolia .......- 303 Comala ce <issas'sieaidins 385
tricuspidata ......... 303] ANTHOCERATA-

AMPHICARPA oe seers 290 CEAE 171
MONOICE oo seer evens 290| ANTHOCEROS 42

AMPHISPHAERIA .. 100 Taeyvis! Gass cee aieos 172
pinicola ......- 100 punctatus ......... 172

AMYGDALUS ... 282| ANTHOSTOMA ...... 90, 98
PErsical i858 Gs oe se 282 discincola, .ssse.is. 90

ANACAMPTODON ...-.-- 183 MMICFOECIAM 4-5 eaves 93
apiculatus .......--- 183 microplacum ....... 94
splachnoides ....... 183) ANTHOXANTHUM ..... 209

ANACARDIACEAE .. 296 odoratum: 205 4 cscs 209

 

SURVEY

ANYCHIA
Canadensis
capillacea
dichotoma
divaricata
polygonoides

APHANORRHEGMA
serratum

APHYLLON

uniflorum
APIACEAE
APIOS
Apios
tuberosa
APISPORIUM
pelliculosum
APLECTRUM
hyemale
Spicatum
AAPLOSIA
autumnale .........
APOCYNACEAE
ApocyNuM
album
androsaemifolium
cannabinum
pubescens
APONECTRIA
inaurata
APOSPHAERIA
pezizoides
AQUIFOLIACEAE
AQUILLEGIA,
Canadensis
ARABIS
Canadensis
laevigata
lyrata
patena
ARACEAE
ARALIA
hispida
nudicaulis
racemosa
spinosa
trifoha
ARALIACEAE
ARCHANGELICA
atropurpurea
ARCHILEJEUNEA .
calypeata
ARCTIUM
Lappa
minus ...
ARCYRIA
cinerea
nutans
punicea

  

 

   

 

315

236

165

267

314

171

387
387
30
30
31
30
456

ANRENARTA, japeis Gienaisa ree
serpyllifolia
ARISAEMA
Dracontium
triphyllum
ARISTIDA
dichotoma
gracilis
Janata
lanosa
oligantha
ARISTOLOCHIA ...
macrophylla
serpentaria
Sipho
ARISTOLOCHIACEAE.
ARMILLARIA
MMellea
ARONIA é
arbutifolia
nigra
ARRHENANTHERUM
avenaceum
elatius
ARTEMISIA
annua
ARTHONIA
aleuromela
astroidea
cinnabarina
dispersa
punctiformis
spectabilis
taediosa
ARUNCUS
Aruncus
ASARUM
Canadense
Shuttleworthit
Virginicum
ASCHERSONIA
ASCLEPIADACEAE...
ASCLEPIAS
amplexicaulis
Cornuti
exaltata
incarnata
obtusifolia
phytolaccoides
pulchra
purpurascens
quadrifolia
rubra
Syriaca
tuberosa
variegata
ASCOBOLACEAE ....

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

INDEX, LIVING FLORA.

209

209

245
245
245
245

244
121
121
279
279
280
211

331
331
332
332
332
332
332
332
332
332
332
331
332
331
332
114

 

PISCOBOLUS: serciaitiersveieidonsce
carbonarius
furfuraceus

ASCOCHYTA .....
Clematidina

ASCOPHANUS
Carneus: .iee sa
granuliformis

ASCYRUM® ties tvckeinte
Crux-Andreae
hypericoides

ASIMINA
triloba

ASPARAGUS
OMcinalis: . dessa

ASPERGILLUS .......
flavus
glaucus
glaucus oblongisporus,

ASPIDIUM

acrostichoides
acrostichoides
Schweinitzti
cristatum
Filix-mas,
fragrans
Goldieanum
marginale
Novaeboracense .....
spinulosum
spinulosum interme-
dium

 

spinulosum dilatatum.

Thelypteris
ASPLENIUM

angustifolium

ebenum

 

Filix-foemina
montanum ..........
pinnatifidum
platyneuron
thelypteroides
Trichomanes ........
Trichomanes incisum
ASPRELLA
Hystrix
ASTER

Claytoni
cordifolius

corymbosus
depauperatus pusillus
diffusus
divaricatus
dumosus
€TICOIdES: eediec wieder
ericoides depauperatus

 

115

304

229

194

195
195
195
194
195
195
194
194

194
195
194
192
193
193
193
193
192
193
193
193
193
216
216
375
377
375
375
376
376
376
376
376
376
376

 

ericoides pilosus....
ericoides pusillus....
ericoides villosus....
Faxoni
hirsuticaulis .
infirmus
laevis
lateriflorus

linariifolius
Lowrieanus ae
Lowrieanus lancifol-

 

macrophyllus ..
WUSCT! -sossarieseelgiviass
MuUltiHOKUS: vsviedeaes
Novae-Angliae
Novi-Belgii
paniculatus
patens
phlogifolius
polyphyllus
prenanthoides
PURICEUS: xv .cckcaes
puniceus firmus.....
purpuratus

sagittifolius
salicifolius

Shortii
StMPIER an wince ncpnwehats
Tradescanti
umbellatus
undulatus
vimineus

vimineus foliosus....
virgatus

 

ASTERINA
LEEMINGII
ASTEROSTOMA
cervicolor
corticolum
ASTILDE 2.22% csenencan
DitEMatay oss usrsidesiai te
GECANALON sce oaiatnetonin
ASTRAGALUS! «cca esis
COHEIONES 625445255
Carolinianus
distortus

 

ASTROPHYLLUM

 

WOPBUIN: acces dresembe
punctatum ..
rostratum ...
sylvaticum

ATHYRIUM
Filix-foemina .......
Filix-foemina pe-

ctinatum
thelypteroides

  

 

 

376
376
376
376
376
378
375
376
378
375

375
375
376
376
377
377
377
375
875
376
377
377
377
376
375
377
377

376

376

148

287
WEST

 

   
   

 

ATRAGENE ........0005 258
Americana ......... 258
ATRICHUM sides ew ease 182
angustatum ......055 182
wndulatam seeec rene 182
AULACOMNIACEAE. 180
AULACOMNIUM .. 180
heterostichum 180
AURANTIPORUS ... 136
Pilotae: 2 ecscnsne saiecs 136
AURICULARIA ...eeeeee 149
Auricula .. 149
AVENA .. 212
fatua . 212
AZALEA ... « 822
merece 322
canescens 322
lutea ...... 323
nudiflora .. 323
viscosa .......- 323
viscosa elguee.. 323
viscosa nitida ....... 323
Bacculus: aso ssceksese sees 27
acidi-lactici ......... a7
amylivorus ......... 27
SUBtHIS- sok sates saat 27
tuberculosis ......... 27
Ula, sircgeveye id eer Sse 27
Bacterium: 3 ccsescecs dete 28
Lineolay is-c-0seyexiscas 28
PERM: Suse vk ae Ee 28
Bacteridium .......... 46
AaAVUM, jcresqusagacdty. 46
Baeomyces ........... 158
aeruginosus ......... 158
TOSCUS .receseereees 158
BALSAMINACEAE .. 301
BABTISIA. 68 04: Se8 9 00S 284
australis ........... 284
tinctoria ..........-. 284
villosa ....... 284
BaRBAREA .....- 264
Barbarea .... 264
praecox ..... 264
vulgaris .... 264
BaRBULA ...---- 177
caespitosa 177
AUMUIS: ie cdnceeaces 177
WRUTOUS: ccsew shige ws 177
LOTEWOSE® 8 seis weteied 5-32 177
unguiculata ......4- 177
IBARTONIA, visa enuneiee: 3: 50 330
Virginica .........5. 330
BARTRAMIA .oeeeeeeeee 180
pomiformis ......... 180
pomiformis crispa.... it
BARTRAMIACEAE .. 180

 

VIRGINIA GEOLOGICAL SURVEY

BAZZANIA
Cehexa) cscs tans ay
triangularis
trilobata

BELLINCINIA
platyphylla
Porella

BELLIs ...
perennis

BELONIDIUM
aurelia

BENZOIN
Benzoin

BERBERIDACEAE

BERBERIS
Canadensis
vulgaris

BrETuLa
lenta
lenta X lucida......
lutea
nigra
populifolia

BETULACEAE

BrIaTORA ...
atrogrisea
fuliginosa
granulosa
hypnophila
inundata ...
Laureri
rubella
russula
Russellii, caceaaceves
Schweinitzii
suffusa
uliginosa
varians
vernalis

BicucuLia
Canadensis
Cucullaria
eximina .

BIpENS
bipinnata
cernua
chrysanthemoides
comosa
connata
frondosa L.........
frondosa Torr......
NAG VAS) cies scierseoaese
melanocarpa
trichosperma

BIGNONIA
capreolata
erucigera

BIGNONIACEAE

 

 

 

 

 

 

168
168

260
260

159

159
158
159
159
159
159

384

384

 

457

 

 

 

 

 

 

  
  

 

 

BJERKANDERA ........ 135
ACUSta: ssaaedee eizacks 135
BLEPHARIGLOTTIS 234
Cilaris: --. savecss eases 234
lacera: 2. arg enades 234
peramoena 234
psycodes .. 234
BLEPHAROSTOMA . 165
trichophyllum 165
IBLEPHULIA, 4 sage ded 344
Giliatay 0h saveta vane 345
hirsGta: ....0.%2-sccse: “B44
BoEHMERIA .......... 243
cylindrica: ssi annies 243
cylindrica scabra.... 243
BOLETUS ......eseeeee 133
GUNES! 638 Ba. asin og 134
aurilammeus 133
COLO is eeu ss 134
chromapes 133
chrysentron 134
cyanescens 133
CAUHS: -< weanene 134
eximius ...... 134
BY OCHISS Aiea ectsraewes 133
MISKOLUIS: wa siaviin ies ee, 133
parasiticus .....6.55 134
Ravenelii oo... .seuen 134
SCHOTONS wis eichsevise 134
SPECIOSUS ce eececuee 134
BomBARDIA .......... 93
fasciculata ......... 93
BORAGINACEAE 337
BotrycHium
Matricariae
obliquum
silaifolium
ternatum
ternatum australe... 190
Virginiaram: 4.5 < ey 190
BorryopIPLopIa ...... 65
ACONINAy: jeisielerepisence trang 65
BotRYosPHAERIA 96
Araliae 97
fuliginosa 63
Hibisci .... 97
pyriospora 97
Quercuum 96
BortryosPor1uM ...... 32
pulchrum 32
Botrytis .... 33
olivacea 33
LORCA «cre suy eateteveiuecas 33
vulgaris 33
Bovista ..... 25
lepidophora 25
DUR sian tenes 25
458 INDEX, LIVING FLORA,

     

   

    

 

   

 
   

     

 

 

BOVISTELLA, sc 6 seeder 25:7 BUBELIA. wie aauinie a waren 160) CAMELINA .......0.0. 266
Ohioense 25 colludens ... 160 microcarpa .. ~. 266
BoyKINIA 269 myriocarpa . 160 SALIVA. ~iysisieut > sae dseres 266
aconitifolia ........ a6g|_ Petraca ..........-- 160) CamPUNULA .........- 364
BRACHYCHAETA ....... 374 BOBS, coat ns Hes M6) Americana ......... 364
cppAae. scion lenaachee Aa || MAMA ANS! Se Foor es 116) aparinoides ......... 364
sphacelata '......... 374 BULGARIACEAE .... 116 divaricata BARE MNe oS 364
BUC AWRER TE lice ati BURSA. axis settee 266 rotundifolia. ..53 ++ %s 364
Gristatum ..ccc seca 210 ER ODARIOIIS, Sits X24 266) CAMPANULACEAE... 364
BEECH Ce bases eked S: 919 | BUTNERIA ....-....055 261| CAMPTOSORUS ......... 198
erectum glabratum.. 210 fertilis 261 rhizophyllus ... 193
florida 261| CAMPYLIUM ..... 186
BRACHYTHECIACEAE laevigatus . 261] chrysophyllum .. 186
Sipe seng a adultes S ceaanes 189 BUXACEAE ......... 296 hispidulum 183
BRACHYTHECIUM ..... 189 | BuxBAUMIA ........- 181 tenellum 186
acuminatum) ..cs.s 189 ADAVWS ea eaear sees: 181| CAMPYLOPUS .......... 175
digastrum .......+. 189} pUXBAUMIACEAE... 181]  fewmousus .......-5. 175
Tnteunn) Soe ne a2 189) CACALIA vo ceceeeee sees 3g6| CANNABIS ... +... 20.5: 243
plumosum Kecvnesews 189 ~ Gtriplicifolia vce ceees B86 SALIVA ssitucus ates let Skeid 243
TIVUIATE-cosseosancrece. 2220 189 ‘ ‘ CANTHARELLUS ....... 126
salebrosum ...veeee 188 Bends oar: Geet oe aurantiacus ........ 126
BRASSICA DES Saag een tr ae CiDATUS 65 teys shea an ve 126
arvensis » 264 ee i os : : : : oe cinnabarinus ....... 126
MMSE AY | <e' aptecacninveresone 263 ara ak oe S betes a
Sinapistrum .. ...6. G4 seinen a cha th eee et infundibuliformis..... 8
BRASSICACEAE .... 263 han ana TOETIOT sence s6 shenantee er seuses 126
BRAUNERIA ....-..-00- 882| cianoidee .-... ou a11| ‘tbaeformis ........ 126
purpurea ......eeee 882 | CaraMINTHA 345 Wrightii 126
BREMIA. "2 yddea’e sheen 33 BY ee eae _ | CAPNOIDES 262
Ractieiuce ten ee oT oo Seba e's 345 aureum ...... 263
DROMUC co cxwrncet tans Q15 Gag Ge ae ae flavulum Bakes 263
CHAtS yyaekie eric DDG eS eek leg Oe leo ee 262
hordaceus ..... ...+ 215 pen ese «aro ee Carnopium . 89
IMLETMIS auaes. sence 215 aaa Waste 161 pelliculosum ........ 89
ee Bgl ee CAPPARIDACEAE.... 267.
racemosus .......0++ 215 | CALLITRICHACEAE.. 296) CAPRIFOLIACEAE... 360
deenlinus 215 CALLITRICHE ..... w+. 296 CAPSEETA saeee a guaue 9 266
BROOMELLA 105| heterophylla . 296!  Bursa-pastoris ...... 266
Ravenelii ..... 105 | CALOCERA ..... ++ 149) CarpAMINE ........-- 265
BROUSSONETIA 243| _ viscosa 149/  bulbosa ooo... ee eee 265
papyrifera 243 | CALOPOGON .. 236) hirsuta ..........0. 265
BRUNELLA ..... 342| pulchellus .......... 236] parviflora .......... 265
ee Ser: 342 CALOSPORA «2... eee ee 102 Pennsylvanica ...... 265
vulgaris albiflora... 342 aculeans penne eee 102) pratensis: 20 visser es 265
BRYACEAE ......... 179.|_, ROMA 4 soe theirs 102} purpurea ....... 0. 265
Bigot a ohieatns 179 CaLTHA ar seni caper 254 rhomboidea ......... 265
argenteum .......-- i7g| _ Palustris .....-...-- 2541 rhomboidea purpurea, 265
TTT: scot estate eee 17g| CALYCANTHACEAE.. 261] rotundifolia ........ 265
caespiticium ........ 179 | CAUECANDRUS: Satori ?61) CARDUACEAE ...... 370
capillare .........05 179g] fertilis wee eee renee 261) Carpuus .......0..0 ee 388
intermedium ........ 179 Aoridus ... se. .veee 261 altissimus) .cAcwieneey 388
prOlifertim® «2.0.69 179] CALYPOGEIA sees. e eee 168} arvensis ........04. 388
pseudotriquetrum ... 179|  trichomanis 168] discolor ..........0 388
PIVTPOTHE oc ps 5s chia 180 | CAMAROSPORIUM oe OP] deweeelatns sos oss ee 388
OER x bis Fa aes 179| Linderae ..... +» 66] Muticus ............ 388
BuUCHNERA 1.0... sees 354| CAMASSIA .....-. +» 229] odoratus ........ ee 388
Amieri¢atta: csas-ese- 854 IB ROG OTL - coniencaaenwicnne 229 Virginianus ........ 385

 

 

 
 

 

 

 

   

 

 

 

 

    
 

 
  
 

 

 

WEST VIRGINIA GEOLOGICAL
CAREX, sees 219 torta.. acc 220
amphibola 221 tribuloides 223
Asa-Grayi ....-..-. 219 tribuloides turbata... 223
Baileyt. aise gears 6 220 ATICE PS! sis Seetnes 4 seeeees 220
Bickneéllit. cy2sc4 680 228 typhnoides 220
brunnescens ....... 223 utriculata 220
brunnescens gracilior. 223 VALI. as wleahecans ia 221
canescens vulgaris.. 223 venusta minor 221
cephalophora ...... 223 virescens 220
COMNUANTS. cede aGteres 222 virescens costata.... 220
costellata 220 vulpinoidea 222
crinita cists a eee 220) CagpINUS ..... 239
crinita N prasina... 220 Caroliniana 239
debilis Rudgei...... BO GRA. escr pubdeen ey cata 237
digitalis: .css.a« oso O21 cre
folliculata ......... 219 BERR Sas Re Pt |
THIGH ved. caesunls. 220 amare Saye ecueeree oe
FPrasef) sa0-2s¢ac%% 222 eee COPE EOS ae
glaucodea 291 POTCING .seeereeeeee
aya SUVCOLG «sites gS eae 237
gracillima ea tOMENtOSA «6. sree 237
granularis 221
GHANI “2 sie Necauahce ack 219 CARYOPHYLLACEAE 249
grisea angustifolia... 221] CARYOSPORA .......--+. 102
Hitchcockiana ..... 221| putaminum ......... 102
intumescens ........ 210 ldeaseeh. cmnsaiereumrste 282
Jamesii 222 Chamaecrista ...... 283
laxiculmis 221 Marylandica ....... 282
laxiflora 221) Medsgeri ........... 283
laxiflora latifolia.... 221 NICHEANS: 2350.3 weuesy 283
laxiflora patuliflora.. 221 nictitans commixta.. 283
leptalea 222) Casraria 252
lupulina 220) odorata 252
lurida 220
Muhlenbergia var... 223 CASTANEA 240
Muhlenbergia Xalapen- dentata Se eas 240
Bis ines stew hrarecd. ces gag] pumila ....-sssseee ea0
ebIA. eels 221 vesca Americana 240
oligocarpa 221 CasTILLEyA Boo Meee ets 354
pedicellata 222 COCCINED.. fe. cas catererses ie 354
Penney lganiea’ ceded: 221 CaTALPA pape a ae 356
plantaginea 221 bignonioides ........ 356
platyphylla 221 Catalpa storable asplienene oe 356
polytrichoides ...-.. 221 Pe sana set enet ens i
TASINA 2. eee e ee eee 220 TEAREN QE peeeeree es
a Hepflexs 923 Amnegustata, xdeieecs 182
TOSSES, sass coeGee es 222 undulata a
rosea radiata........ 222 CAVLOPHYLLUM ase 260
SOABVANGL “chscsonea ets 223 thalictroides ....... 260
scoparia ........-5+ 29g | CEANOTHUS ...-..++-- ou
Shortiana .....-.... 220 Americanus ....-+-+ 308
sparganoides .....-. 223 |CEDRONELLA ......-.-- 342
SQUAITOSA «sees aeee 220 CONAALG: aederejeaneis ese 342
stenolepis ...e0-.ee 220| CELASTRACEAE 298
Stipata’ «sesiacsats 222: CELASTRUS: aeeyedscnes 299
straminea ........- 223 scandens 299
Stricta: sd ies apse 2s 220? | CELTIS  - caesar a suena 242
tentacula ......0+05+ 220 occidentalis 242
tenuis 221 PUMMAs  iech a) gals er stns 242

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

SURVEY 459
CENANGELLA 115
ACERS. cena ota 115
CENCHRUS ...--.seeee 208
tribuloides ......... 208
CENTAUREA, 2 ceeies oes 388
MITA. a)sdaiken saves 388
CEPHALANTHUS 358
occidentalis ..... 358
CEPHALOTHECIUM 34
TFOSCUM. 44. fede ve eat 34
CEPHALOZIA 167
curvifolia .... 167
lunulaefolia 167
multiflora ....... 167
serriflora ....... 167
Virginiana 167
CERASTIUM ...... 250
arvense ..... 251
longepedunculatu 251
WUMEANS — iow weoraeiets we soe 251
viscosum .......... 251
Vilwatume -fosseass-5 ce 250
CERATIOMYXA ......45. 29
fruticulosd ........ 29
CERATIUM: Cauca sakes 43
hydroides ........5 43
CERATODON ... 0 -eeeee 173
PULPUPEUS: sgesevs is 173
GERCIS: ge susmaeei wee 282
Canadensis ........ 282
CERCOSPORA ...---+--e 38
atalyphaé. «cscs es 39
ageratoides ........ 39
Ampelopsidis ...... 39
Anthelmintica ...... 39
Armoraciae ........ 38
Avicularis 38
beticola acetic asieenss 38
Boehmeriae 38
Caulophylli 38
Chionanthi 39
citrullina 40
columnaris 40
depazeoides 40
Diantherae 38
GUbIa: s-wecswesvs. 38
granuliformis 38
Kalmiae ...... 39
Menispermi 39
oculata ...... 33
Oenotherae 39
omphacodes 38
RUBE eects 40
septorioides ....... 39
Smilacina 40
Smilacis 40
Veronicae 38
Wilde. tess aaa e 38

 
460

  

 

 

 

 

 

  

 

 

CERTOMYGES 4.3 venus, 133
afinis: 22 inca. 134
auriflammeus ...... 133
bicolor 134
chronfapes 133
communis 134
crassus 134
crassus separans.... 134
€xXimius: .cscceeme ds 134
parasiticus 1384
speciosus 134

CERRENA 140
unicolor 140

CETRARIA 151
aurescens 151
ciliaris 151
Islandica 151
lacunosa 151
Oakesiana spinulosa.. 151

CHAEROPHYLLUM ..... 318
procumbens .......... 318

CHAETOCHLOA ........ 208
PIAUCA: « cosspnads es ceseatalest 208
imberbis: «vaca eee 208
Ttalica. - 4 ntean soseeenis 208
NATIGIS: eacaaitya dienes 208

CHAMAECRISTA ....-5-. 283
nictitans commixta.., 283

CHAMAELIRIUM 226
TuteuMm: acsveeis 226

CHAMAENERION 311
angustifolium 311

CHAMAESYCE 294
glyptosperma

pubescens 294
maculata 294
Preslii ..... 204

CHEILANTHES 192
Feei 192
TanOSA.  sievveess 192
lanuginosa 192
tomentosa 192
vestita ...-+4- 192

CHEILOLEJEUNEA 170
phyllobola 170

CHELIDONIUM 262
majus 262

CHELONE 851
glabra 351
obliqua 351

CHENOPODIACEAE — 247

CHENOPODIUM 247
album) sissies auaqeuadeds 247
album viride........ 247
ambrosioides ..... +. 249
anthelminticum 247
Botrysi © sssina-s scars: ‘ Pat
PIAUCUM: a4 %oausedgee's & 247

INDEX, LIVING FLORA.

   
    

 

hybridum .......... 247
Mural: cegsdiesnnlemeiee i 247
Urbicum s.cceedee oes 247
CHILOCYPHUS ........ 166
pallescens: ji. 4a,suaseece 166
polyanthus ......... 166
CHIMAPHILA .,....... 321
maculata: 2. scccies nae 322
umbellata ......... 321
CHIOGENES .........05 826
Hhispidula? — aié-snicacee a 326
CHIONANTHUS ........ 329
Wirginica ec ste ss 329
CHLOROSPLENIUM ..... 112
aeruginosum ....... 112
Schweinitzii ....... 112
versiforme ......... 112
CHONDRILLA ......+0.. 366
JUHCeAd <fas ees oe 366
CUROSPERMA <i. d00s<s 226
muscaetoxicum ..... 226
CHRYSANTHEMUM 885
Leucanthemum ..... 385
CHRYSOGONUM ....++.. 380
Virginianum ....... 380
CHRYSOPOGON .......+. 205
AVENACEUM «+e ee eee 205
nutans ....-...e eee 205
CHRYSOPSIS ....---0ee 372
MAPIANA, sids.0 spenders 372
CHRYSOSPLENIUM ..... 269
Americanum ....... 269
CIBARIA: liens eres Sas 109
JUglandis. sans assis 109
CICHORIACEAE 366
CICHORIUM ...-:..... 366
TRGy DUS: sess serelee «6 366
CiCUTR: xa dsaeey cial 319
bulbifera, osc eccwes 319
maculata ........-. 319
CIMICIFUGA 255
Americana 255
racemosa 255
GENNA, g2i8'¥ werds's 210
arundinacea 210
latifolia ..... 210
pendula 219
CIRCAEA 313
alpittal  eies casas 313
Lutetiana ...... 313
CrrRIPHYLLUM 190
BOSCI: sa iaetcseuars 190
CIRSIUM...... 388
pumilum vicsscscces 388
Cissus ...... 803
CISTACEAE 306
CiTRULLUS . 363

 

 

 

 
  

  

 

 

 

 

Gitrullus: ciic ee cae 363
vulgaris 863
CLADONIA 157
caespiticia 158
CATIOSA xiciewriecaepiaeare 157
coccifera pleurota... 157
cristatella .......... 158
deformis 157
delicata 158
fimbriata, j..oseas esa 157
fimbriata tubaeformis 157
furcata racemosa.... 158
gracilis 157
gracilis verticillata... 157
macilenta 158
mitrula 157
papillaria . iis 188
polycarpa epiphylla.. 157
pulthella .......... 158
PYRIGALA: es xs eee 157
rangiferina ........ 158
sobolescens .......-. 158
squamosa ........++ 158
squamosa denticollis.. 158
strepsilis ..........- 157
subcariosa .....--.. 157
sylvatica laxiuscula.. 157
sylvestris .......... 158
CUTE Pa. ates: biereiatecoes 157
uncialis. .sscaes< saa 158
verticillata ........ 157
CLADONIACEAE 157
CLADOSPORIUM 36
corynitrichum ...... 36
epimyces .........65 36
epiphyllum ......... 36
herbarium ......... 36
herbarium fasciculare 36
nigrellum 36
Triostei 36
CLASTEROSPORIUM 37
comnutum ¢..s.ceias 37
sigmoideum 37
CLAUDOPUS. is soccer ex 130
byssisedus ......... 180
variabilis ........... 130
CLAVARIA. dus eerie 148
amythistina ........ 148
AACCIA Aa. chaceuseresontecas 148
fOLMOSA: Hess neorka es 148
fusciformis ........ 148
JUNCES hiss cei 4 149
mucidar sscsaev eaves 149
pyxidata: «Aiesacwen 148
CLAVARIACEAE 148
CLAY TONTAD ayjaiis cee i 249
Caroliniana ....... « 249
WEST VIRGINIA GEOLOGICAL SURVEY 461

   
 
 
  

 

 

  

 

 

Virginica .......... 249] CoLLINSONIA ..... caine BET semilanatus ........ 133
CLEMATIS: as eauieea eyo 257 Canadensis ........ 347 variegatuS ..icsss vs 132
OVAta: sass cca eh a 258)) COLEY BIA) « scasisejecte tercnare D2? I COPTIS. ecterge ed adits eas 254
Verticillais:  sccos. ccc 258 Dityraceay. tes, <.diwnen 122 tritolia: kednwteias ate 254
WilOEt ay sis stasis ss eee 258 Cirrhatay esccesiea seeds 122] CoRALLORHIZA ........ 236
Warginiana. tisd.<cice 257 CONMAMUENS Ja cee eens 122 Corallorhizar %:s2%0.33% 236
CREO MES ieee oer oaiies sav 267 conigenoides ........ 122 TANGLED. <serstewers wicsaseeé 236
PUNLENS weavie x aces ss 267 @ryophila: <i. dae ss vee 122 MUlHAGTA, so. sees os 236
SPINOSA: <s:604 eocccss: eee h te 267 maculata) -.c52 Seca 122 odontorrhiza ....... 236
GCLETHRA. shade avec. es 321 platyphylla ......... 122| CorDYCEPS ........... 105
acuminata: <vvesevs s< 321 Tadi¢ata; <a swes-< anes 123 militaris’ sonsee sites 105
CLETHRACEAE ..... 321 SPEPIEGTIO, os. cisi8se sedee 128 ophioglossoides ..... 106
CLIMACIACEAE .... 182| vweltipes .......... 123 PATASICICA jorsre, s-arnaveies 106
CHIMACIUM Sees eceues 182 COLLYRIDIUM osc. ves. 128] COREMA saacee cies cx 296
Americanum ....... 182 velutipes: s.c.c.5 0.0% 123 Comtadtt s scajesscstindeness 296
Americanum Kind- COLLYBIOPSIS ......+55 127| CoREOPSIS .......--4- 383
bergit- Gelduseokwas 1sg| ramealis ........... 127! auriculata ..... . 383
CLINOPODIUM ......... 345 | COLOLEJEUNEA ........ 170 lanceolata villosa.... 383
Calamintha ......... B45 Biddlecomiae ...... TWO) paar! occ ewes aes , 383
yi ATO dacs aus ae aces 345| COMATRICHA ........- 30! major stellata . . 883
CLINTONIA .......ee0e 229| Friesiana .......... 30] pubescens : . 383
borealis ............ 929 | COMMELINA .........- 225) senifolia ........ ie 1888
umbellulata ........ 230 Virginica .........66 225 SHON GEG: bidc6 scssesiacs -» $83
CEITOGY BE! 6 sicgeiicee dea 122| COMMELINACEAE .. 224 trichosperma 384
Candicans ici eee wes 122| COMPOSITAE ....... 366 tripteri§. .2sa4.%: 8384
CPUSsata. cc viesss cake 122| COMPTONIA ....-...-4- 239) Cor1oLELLUS ......-.. 139
cyathiformis ....... 122 peregrina ......-... 239 Sepium 139
GemEtS. 4 cauweg ease 129| CONIOPHORA .......-. 148 | Corrotus 138
WWdeNns- s saccsisses oa os 122 olivacea ........--5- 148 abietinus 138
infundibuliformis ... 122] CONIOSPORIUM .......- 34 nigromarginatus .... 139
laeeatan ss ssaisitavinevedes 122| Harknesioides ...... 34] prolificans ... 138
nebularis’ «ssc-aiigss ae jgq| CONIOTHYRIUM ........ 63 pubescens ......... 138
OdOFA. ican cairo eer y22| concentricum ....... 63) veriscolor .... 138
CLITOPILUS ......-0665 1g9| Fuckelii ............ 63 | CORNACEAE 320
aborttvus ........ 2. 199] Pirina .......-..0-- 63| Cornus ...... 320
orcella. aveasnnsee tee 129 | CONOCEPHALUM ....... 163| alternifolia . 320
PRUNHIS 2h ncccnndoe 129 conicum ..... 163) Amomum 320
CoENOGONIUM ........ 159 | ConocEPHALUS 163| Canadensis .. 320
interpositum ....... 159| conicus ...... - 163} candidissima 320
COLEOSPORIUM .....4+- 84| ConocyBE ..... - 130] circinata ...... -. 320
Campanulae .......- 85| hypnorum ..... ne N80), “florida: ecciejees .. 320
Helianthi’ << -::203 2 85 tener .......0-6- -- 180 paniculata -. 820
Fpomoeae 204 cd -nenes 84| CoNOPHOLIS ......- se BOS) geribem ascas se 2c 30
Senecionis ......... g4| Americana . 855]  stolonifera 320
Solidaginis ......... 85 | CONVALLARIA .....-+-- 233) CORTICIUM oss idisie suniscese-s 146
Sone “«cnevei noone 84{ majalis ............ 231| alboflavescens ...... 146
Vernoniae ........-- g4| CONVALLARIACEAE 229 arachnoideum ...... 146
COEEEMA) saccds.Sowees 155 | CONVOLVULACEAE, 333 colliculosum ........ 147
flaccidum ........-- 155| ConvoLvuLus ... 334 globiferum ......... 146
myochroum ........ 155 TEPENS 21.2. eee esas 334 incarnatum .......-. 147
COLLEMACEAE .... 154 Sept socks dee ain s 334 Teptaleuim: «scircs2auu 147
COLLETOTRICHUM ..... 74 spithameus ........ 334 JEVEY tale) oes eins 146
lagenarium ......... 74} COPRINUS .......-+.-- 132} lilacino-fuscum ..... 147
Lindemuthianum .... 74 angulatus .6........ 133 lilacinum. vse sas 147
lineola. uses Sale 74 domesticus ......... 132 Martianum ......... 147
COLLINSIA © s.cc20 0 te 351 ephemerts .......-. 133 Oakestis \asn.paceied ag 146
VERNA at scideane.g Sete 351 IMICACEUS! sos ges veers 132 ochraceum ......... 147

 
462

 

 

Peters): tems deus 147
prasinum .......... 147
FadioSum: 2.4 2 ideas 146
Salicinuiti. a sckedgsees 146
Scultellare> ies geen vege 147
subgiganteum ...... 147
CORTINARIUS 45424444 131
armihatus .......... 131
caerulescens ........ 131
cinnamomeus ....... 131
PHOLMEUS: cece wsreares 131
purpurascens ....... 131
FOdES: Sindee nae se 131
LOT VAIS teatedavnve i tucbeesiedss 131
violacets: s.54ihieees 131
CORVOUS) naa se Saedacs 239
AMETICAaNa a0 aeh.aay 239
mOStrata’ ‘csetivs-s'aeeaya' a's 239
GORYNE 508 Sirsa oss 116
SarcOides: 2. cdi. sae 116
WPMAS) wien a wean ss 116
GCoRYNEUM> 2026 oseeus 75
cCupulatum ices bose 75
pustulatum ......... 75
COTINUS) shes. 5 okie ea ee 297
COtINOIdES: cose see 297
ARROCR. | pit wc eS om Hi 286
Vitginiaia. s'ssvews as 286
CRASSULACEAE .... 268
CRATARGUS! 2.54 stee dances 280
amara 280
apiifolia 281
BrOWIL: scchoslteaseciche 280
COCCINGS sacs sc eats 281
coccinea mollis..... 281
COTMAEa. 1c Sissecesew eaecace 281
Crus-galli 281
flava? sos-3.3 ies 281
foetida 2 s.cs:ncse 280
Holmesiana ........ 280
macrantha ........+. 280
macrosperma forma”. 280
Margaretta ......... 280
MOIS 42 deesee ces 281
Oxyacantha: 4.34.<ii0a 281
parviflora wo... cee ees 281
Pausiace ancasssdces 280
PRUNIOSA> uacis tase 280
PUNCTATAS -waccegorimewven 281
RGGReVes scan venues 280
rotundifolia. ....0s5% 282
spathulata .......... 280
Stramineady dies. cei aas 280
SUCCUTEHTA? sc hcoins os 280
tomentosa ......6.4. 281
tniflora: wes. assess 281
CRATEROCOLLA ......-. 149

 

purpurea .
CREPIDOTUS .
applanatus
caloiepis .

fulvotomentosus

herbarum
malachius
putrigenus
versutus
CREPIS
capillaris
CRIBARIA

CRINIPELLUS
stipitaria

CrucIBULUM
vulgare

CRUCIFERA

CRYPTOSPORELLA
compacta .
CRYPTOSPORA .

cinctula

femoralis .

trichospora
CRYPTOTAENIA
Canadensis
CuBELIUM
concolor
CucumIs
Melo
CucurRBITA
ovifera

 

BS atiksisss

CUCURBITACEAE

CucurBiITAaRIA
elongata
Fraxini

CUNILA
Mariana
origanoides

CuUPHAEA

viscosissima

Cuscuta
arvensis .
Epithymum
glomerata
Gronovii
paradoxa
trifohi

 

 

CUSCUTACEAE

CYATHICULA .
quisquillaris®
CYLINDROCOLLA

dendroctoni
flagellaris

i saiiahess ahah

INDEX, LIVING FLORA.

131
131
131
131
131
368
368

30

30
122
122

24

24
263

97

97
103
103
103
103
319
319
309
309
363
363
363
363
363
103
1038
103
346
346
346
310
310
335
335
335
335
335
335
335
335
111
111

45

45

461

 

lactea
CyLINDROSPORIUM
Crategi
Toxicodendri
CyLiInDROTHECIUM

cladorrhizans ...
seductrix
CyMBALARIA ..-
Cymbalaria
CYMBELLA
gastroides
turgida
CyNocToNUM
Mitreola
CyNOGLossUM
officinale
Virginicum
CyNosuRus
cristatus
CYPERACEAE
CyPERUS
diandrus
esculentus
filiculmis
flavescens
Lancastriensis
ovularis
refractus
retrofractus
rivularis
strigosus
CyPpRIPEDIUM
acaule
hirsutum
parviflorum
pubescens
CystrorreERIs
bulbifera
fragilis
CysToPrus
Bliti
candidus
Ipomoeae-panduratae.
Portulacae
Tragopogonis
CytTiIsus
scoparius
CytTosPoraA
Betulina
carphosperma
caryigena
Celtidis
ceratophora
coccinea
Curryi
exasperans
Halesiae

 

 

 

 

 

184
WEST VIRGINIA GEOLOGICAL SURVEY 463

 
  

 

 

     
 

  
 
  

  

 

 

 

  
   

leucosperma ....... 61;DEMATIACEAE .... 34 oncostoma 99
leucostoma 59 | DENDRODOCHIUM 44 sociata ........ a 99
orthospora 61 BPANG secsuise Ge eaticsiee snare 44 Tetrapterae 99
Persicae ....... ac 60 tubellum microsporum 44 rostellata » 100
Platani ..... a 61 | DeNnpRoPHOMA 56| DIARRHENA ......--. 213
Rhoina ..... eee 60 Therryana 56 Cig HOPG ase es lsc 213
Rhois-hirtae 60 | DENNSTAEDTIA 196
Salicis ..ci:5: ax “61 punctilobula .. . 196 DIATOMACEAE ..... 28
Sassafras 60| DENTARIA ...... . 265) DIATRYPE .......-.... 92
tumulosa 60| diphylla ..... . 265{ platystoma ......... 93
Cxsocseerr a 59 heterophylla 266 Stigma: ésynsa ease os 92
nae nih an eae BG} laciniata.. seceded 266| virescens .......... 93
Dacrvouyveus 150| faciniata integrifolia. 266 | DIATRYPELLA ......... 93
coxticioides 150 laciniata multifida .. 266 verruciformis ....... 93
deliquescens ©. 150 | DERINGA ......0e..ee 319 DicHROPHYLLUM wena 294
eRe athiey carats _. 150 Canadensis . 319 Marginatum \....... 294
stellatus 150| DERMATBA ........... 115] DicKson3a ........... 196
Syringae .... 150 Chionanthi ..... Pei 7 LD punctilobula ....... 196
Dacryuis g14| lobata ..... » 115) DICRANACEAE ..... 178
glomerata 214 BORE ca chinks doses 115 | DicraNELLa 173
DactTYLiuM .... 34} DERMATEACEAE .. 115 heteromala ... 173
dendroides 34] DERMATELLA 114 rufescens 173
DacTYLOCTENIUM ..... 212 viticola 114 VAT Bi avereiins oraynrere a5 173
Aegyptium ..... .. 212] Desmatopon 177| DicrANODONTIUM ..... 174
DaEDALIA ..... -. 140 Porteri 177 denudatum 174
Aesculi 140| DesmopiuM 287 Millspaughii 175
ambigua 140] acuminatum ........ 287 Virginicus 174
confragosa 140 Canadense ......... 288| DicRANUM ..... 174
unicolor 140 CONCSCENS ...eeeceee 288 Drummondii ....... 174
DALiBaRDA 276)| ciliates. sseieet sane 288| flagellare 174
repens 276 cuspidatum ........- 288 fulvum 174
DALDINIA ....- oe 96 Dillan, 26 sccaicsiwie moe 288 fuscesens ... 174
concentrica 96 laevigatum ......-.. 288 longifolium 174
vernicosa 96 lineatum ........00- 289 montanum 174
DANTHONIA 212) Marylandicum ...... 289] scoparium .. 174
compressa . 212 nudiflorum ......45. 287) DipyMELLA 97
spicata .... 212 ochroleucum ....... 288 Physocarpi 97
DasyscyPHA . 113 paniculatum ........ 288| DipyMium ..... 29
Ellisiana .. 113 pauciflorum ........ 287 squamulosum ....... 29
luteola .... 113 VIGtdUM vocecescues 288 | DrERVILLA 362
virginea 113 rotundifolium ...... 288 Diervilla .. 362
DasysTOMA 858.| DIACHER . caecus operas 30|  trifida 362
flava ..... 353 leucopoda .......... 30] DrcrTALis 354
laevigata .... 353| DIANTHERA .......0.06 356| purpurea 354
Pedicularia 353 Americana ......... 356 | DIMEROSPORIUM ...... 89
Wirginica «ges ome S08 | PARE coud Yu Maas 250| Collinsii 89
DORA paneer sian B49) Armeria: vases casas 250| Galactis 89
Stramonium ....... 349) DIAPENSIACEAE ... 327| DINEMASPORIUM ...... 71
Tatula ......e ee ewes 849] DrAPORTHE ....-.s-00- 98 hispidulum ......... wh,
DAUCUS .....ceeeeeeee 815 Aralize QS TODER: - Jikan Heres 859
Carota ....eee seen 315 Aceris Qi. tenes? acccanrceneurss 359
Carota rosea +2 +<iss 315 aculeata 100 | DroscorEa nie 232
DELPHINIUM 255]  cercophora cy 96) Sletes sc 4e yeahae “S32
Ajacis ..... sense BBD | (Gladioli, jaan wesc: 98] villosa ..seeeeee eens 232
consolida ied 256 Halésia€® fiscaseectiiess 98| DIOSCOREACEAE .. 232
ETICOENE: 6 .4c 2 Sa Gis 255 Hydrangae 99 | Drospyros 328
tricorne albiflora ... 255 ODSCUTA. © ssi-crccateineerds 100 Wirginiana: evcuies-0%s 328

 

 

 
464

DipHyscIuM

foliosum

Dipropia
atrata
caryigena
Cercidis ....
ilicicola
infuscans
inquinans .,
Juglandis
Liriodendri .
Maydis
paraphysata
Rubi
Salicina ..
viticola

 
 

DIPLOPHYLLEIA

taxifolia

 

DIPLOPHYLLUM
taxifolium
DIPSACACEAE
DIPSACUS ...cces caer
sylvestris
Dirca
palustris
Discosta
Artoceras
maculicola
rugulosa
DIsPORUM ...--eeee eee
lanuginosum
DitricHuM
pallidum
tortile
DopEcaTHEON
Meadia
DOELLINGERIA
infirma
umbellata
DOTHIDACEAE

DotTHIDELLA
Ulmae

DoTHIORELLA
Asiminae
glandulosa
minor

DRaBa
ramosissima
VETNA send nares ssa

DROSERA
rotundifolia
DROCERACEAE
DruMMONDIA
clavellata
DRUPACEAE

 

 

  

 

INDEX, LIVING FLORA.

181) DRYMOCALLIS ......... 276

181 AT OUta- sans ws one ae 276
63| DRYOPTERIS ....+---.. 194
64 cristata: az cee eaisar: 195
64 Paulix-Mas” swehaatedes 195
64 ERABRATS) . (yess ndeaseverors se? 194
64 Goldieana ......... 195
aé marginalis .......... 195
64 Noveboracensis ..... 194
64 simulata
63 spinulosa

 

64 spinulosa

  
 
   

64 Thelypteris ........ 194

63) DucHESNEA ....... wes 276

64 Indica. -eseeciacies'eue 276
169) DuticHium .......-.. 217
169 arundinaceum ...... 217
169 spathaceum ........ 217
LOO | DURELEA oases scesse aie s 117
363 commutata ......... 117
863] EATONIA .....ee cee e ee 213
363| nitida ............. 213
309 ODEUSatac “ceeds caalnene 213
309 Pennsylvanica

71| EBENACEAE ....

71| ECHINACEA ..

71 PUTPUTEH wovevacceee 382

71) ECHINOCHLOA ........ 208
230 Crusegalli. ssc. saan 208
230 Wralteri. casas. exe 208

173 | EcHINOSPERMUM ...... 338

  

 

173 Virginicum
173 | Ecu1um
328 vulgare
328 | Ectipra
378 BDA esata dewanatis 4 aisen 381
378 CVECEE sin seine aie v8 381
878 procumbens ......0e 381
106 | ELEocHARIS .......... 218
106 SCOUTS. «i. veacecew 218
106 ODUSE 58 hdd Ree 218
58 Ovata wesc ceaeeeeee 218
58 palustris: 2.2 secese os 218
58 palustris glaucescens. 218
58 HEMI) syste. gra,diersinls en 218
266| tricostata .......... 218
266 tuberculosa ........ 218
96¢| ELEPHANTOPUS ....... 370
Carolinianus ....... 370
BO tomentosus ......... 371
zO% ELEUSINE ...eee eee eee 212
267 Inidiga assays ‘Drone aaness 212
L77 | RERVINGIA’ aes seein 137
177 fomentaria ......6-- 187
282| megaloma .......... 137

intermedia 194
65 spinulosa dilatata .. 195

 

ELODEA.: vaasiesiscacspetiere ts
Canadensis
Erymus
Canadensis glauci-
FOMUSE sess: s supsacea sors
hirsutiglumis
intermedius
striatus
striatus villosus
Virginicus
EMPETRACEAE
EEMPUSA.senscsretses nheneuen
Grylli
muscae
EINGCALY PTA} secs ietiivers 0-6
streptocarpa
ENCALYPTACEAE .
ENDOCARPON
miniatum
miniatum
plicatum
miniatum Muhlen-

 

bergit. 9s cideias oom
ENTODON ...eeeeee eee
cladorrhizans
palatinus
seductrix .......4.-
ENTODONACEAE
ENTOLOMA
rhodopolia
sericea
sericella
strictior
ENTOMOPHTHOR-
ACEAE
ENTOMOSPORIUM
maculatum
ENTYLOMA
Floerkeae
Menispermi
EPHEBE: ica-4 d2uhe oo ees
lanata
pubescens
EPHEMERUM ..--..-005
crassinervium
EprcoccuM .....+-++0:
Duriaeanum ........
neglectum .........-
purpurascens
EPIDOCHIUM .....-.++%
melanochlorum
Eptracus

Virginiana
EpiGaEa
ee
EPILOBIUM ovsecsaces.
adenocaulon

216

162

162
184
184
183
184
183
129
129
129
129
129

27
71
Ga
vad
V7
7
157

157
178
WEST VIRGINIA GEOLOGICAL SURVEY 465

       
      
   

 

 

 

 

    
 
  

  
  

 

 

   

 

 

Poleraleth. ko iwiw sy vad SU1] ebowatus wcsuceecas 290 | FaGus as csnases dieian 240
lineare 311| Evpatorium .. 371 Americana 240
spicatum 311 ageratoides 371 ferruginea ag 240:
EQUISETACEAE .... 197 altissimum 371] FaLcaTa ..... -» 290
EQUISETUM ........... 197| aromaticum 371 comosa 290
arvense ............ 197|  coelestinum 372 | Favotus .... 141
hyemale ........... 197| | hyssopifolium 371|  Europaeus 141
laevigatum ..... -. 197 maculatum ......... Cl | Peeruen. gips4 sexes a4 215
sylvaticum .. 197] maculatum amoenum. 371 ClAHOR © 5.5ij5c0.% sunning + 215
ERAGROSTIS ...... .. 913| Perfoliatum Si) smatans! caper ecarnna ws 215
capillaris .. 213| pubescens STL] -Octoflora ev A sacis vie 215
Eragrostis 213 purpureum 371 OVATIEY Sysiepavee: Sheena ears 215
Frankii 213|  sessilifolium 871| pratensis .......... 215
hypnoides . 213 trifoliatum se. 871 PONCE: Sse Makes on 215
major .. 21g | EUPHORBIA .......... COE) TEICUS Loabinis vediatey Ge 242
Minor .weceee .. 213 commutata .......5. 295 CaTICa. veh cha sheniute 242
pectinacea 213] corollata ........... 08 PETICES: sikiatan'ss +. 191
pilosa 213| Cyparissias ........ 295 | Pyrix 196
Purshii ais| Darlingtonii ........ 295/ bulbifera .......... 196
reptans 218 dentata .........4. 295 fags. egy oeeovw ass 196
ERECHTITES 386| slyptosperma pubes- FIMBRISTYLIS .. 218
hieracifolia 386 BEE: a4 2 SBSH a Roo 294 autumnalis 218
ERICACEAE .. 82g] Lathyrus .......... 295) FissiDENS ......2+..4, 176
ERUGEWTA. eau xs ao BRO maculata ......++-- 294 adiantoides . 176
bulbosa 320| Marginata .......... 294) decipiens 176
ERIGERON .. 377! obtusata ........... 295! minutulus .... 176
annuus ..... .. B77, Preshii wis. sees eee 294)  obtusitolus 176
bellidifolius ... 377| EUPHORBIACEAE .. 294 subbasilaris 176
Philadelphicus ...... 377] Evrotrum ..... ase 89| FISSIDENTACEAE .. 176
pulchellus ..... fa BCT herbariorum .. 89| FistuLina 134
Tamosus ..... .. 877|Euraamia ..... . 874 hepatica 134
strigosus .. 377 Caroliniana 374 | FLAMMULA +. 180
ERINELLA .. 114 graminifolia 874 flavida ..... -. 130
minioposis 114.) EvTYPA ices ces - 92] FLOERKEA -. 296
Erioconum 245 milliaria ..... 2 92 proserpinacoides .... 296
Alleni 245 spinosa ...... 3 92:| TOMES! 4:.-cusieleuy: 5 aerace im St
ErR1oPHORUM 219| EvTypetra ..... “ 92 applanatus 13%
Virginicum 219 densissima “ 92 carneus ...... 138
ErRyYNGIUM 318 Platani ...... - 92 fomentarius sa) TS
aquaticum .... 318 rugiella ...... a “92 Jucidus. -a.-54s sae AST
yuccaefolium 318 stellulata 92 pinicola .. ee 8
ERYSIMUM ...... .... 267] Evernia ..... 152 rimosus .. 137
cheiranthoides ...... 267 furfuracea ..... . 152 roseus és 138
ERYSIPHE ....... i aPage 88} EXCIPULACEAE .... wd. ungulatus ee 437
aggregata 89 | TEXIDTA: sue steps ys . 149 VOIV ACS. sarod paavereus. 137
Cichoriacearum ..... 88 alba? nos dit 149 | FONTINALACEAE .. 182
communis ... 88 glandulosa 149| FonTINALIS ..... dks 182
graminis 88] Exoascus 118 Dalecarlica ... 182
Liriodendri ........ 89 deformans . 118] Fossomsronra 165
Polygom ...... ec 89 Branty svaresne eer ATS Wondraczeckii ...... 165
ERYTHRONIUM ........ 228] ExopasipIuM 3 ... 148) Fracarta .. 276
albidum 6) .:<<0% sees 229 Rhododendri ....... 148 Indica 276
Americanum ........ 228] FABRONIACEAE ... 183 vesca 276
EvonyMus ...... ss... 298] FAGACEAE 240 Virginiana 276
Americanus 299; FacopyruM 246 | FRAXINUS: ssc Cauecece eee 328
Americanus obovatus 299 esculentum 246 Americana « ssnsse4% 328
atropurpureus ...... 298 Fagopyrum. cise 246 lanceolata. ..-succ56 sacs 328
466

 

 

NIGGA. deci atest hea 328
Pennsylvanica ...... 328
PUBESEONS® 6 o2s.eieu so 328
sambucifolia ........ 328
UATIAUS © diar craseroaore.6 vs 828
PRULLANIA, 62 sécsz'eo ice 171
Asa-Grayana ....... 171
Brittonae .......... 171
eboracensis ......... 171
plana. wes yssee ee ee 171
MiPANia. cee ceeds te as 171
squarrosa ......-+5- 171
SUMARIA: t4.0s aie ss 3G 263
officinalis .......... 263
PUNARIA. joie seventies a acd’ 178
flavicans x jci.e-1 ance 178
hygrometrica ....... 178
hygrometrica patula.. 178
FUNARIACEAE ..... 178
FUSARIUM ...0+---e0-- 47
aleurinum ......... 47
culmorum .......... 47
Oxydendri -é.242% tee 47
HOSEUM, 454 hsedeos tne. 47
sarcochroum ....... 47
Solent jas cess 47
FUCOSPORIA ..seeveeee 135
VitiCOla:  sicser sevens: ors 135
FUSICLADIUM ...+eeee- 35
dendriticum ........ 35
Virginiense ........ 36
FusicoccuM .......+. 58
Dicinums cso vets 58
nervicolum .,......- 58
GAUACTIA 244 es0es eos 290
regularis ......++-- 290
GATAK: | 2 etaues actondes 327
aphylla. cic iscsi coe 327
GALEOPSIS .+.eseeseee> 343
Teétrahit: 2, jvgiaiesass 343
GALEORCHIS ...+-.+56> 234
spectabilis ......... 234
GALERA, ina ees over de care 130
hypnorum ...eeeeee 130
EENCT wracrovvsecees 130
GALINSOGA 384
parviflora 384
GALIUM ..... 359
Aparine 359
asprellum 360
circaezans 359
Claytoni 359
concinnum 360
lanceolatum 359
latifolium 360
pilosum 359
trifidum 360

 

 

triflorum
GANODERMA
Tsugae
GAULTHERIA
probumbens
GAURA neta eesues 288
biennis
GAYLUSSACIA
dumosa
frondosa
resinosa
GEASTER

mammosus
GELATINOSPORUM
Betulinum
GENTIANA
Andrewsii
flavida
Hitlearis: ccjanseestutire a
quinqueflora
quinquefolia
Saponaria
GENTIANACEAE
GEOCALYX

graveolens
GEOGLOSsUM
glabrum
GEOPYXIS
carbonaria
cupularis
nebulosa
GEORGIA
pellucida ...
GEORGIACEAE
GERANIACEAE
GERANIUM
Carolinianum
maculatum
Robertianum
GERARDIA
auriculata
flava
laevigata
paupercula
pedicularia
quercifolia
tenuifolia
GrEuM ......
album .....
Canadense
flavum
rivale
VeErMtim . share -carstavanes
Virginianum
GIBBERELLA
pulicaris

  

 
  
  
 
  
 
 
 

 

 

INDEX, LIVING FLORA.

110

290

353

277
277
277
277
277
Q7r7
105

 

Saubinetit
GIFOLA

stipulacea
trifoliata
GLaucIuM
Glaucium
GLECOMA
hederacea
GLEDITSIA
triacanthos

 

GLOEOPHYLLUM
hirsutum
trabeum

GLOEOPORUS
conchoides

GLOEOSPORIUM
Alni
aridum
betularum
cylindrospermum
nervisequum
Robergi
rubicolum
Rumicis
Sanguinariae
venetum

  

GLOMERELLA
rufomaculans

GLoNIUM
parvulum
simulans
stellatum

GLYCERIA

Canadensis
nervata
GNAPHALIUM
decurrens
Germanicum
obtusifolium
polycephalum
purpureum
uliginosum
GNOMONIA
Ulmea
GNOMONIELLA
Coryli
fimbriata

 
 
 

GoNATOBOTRYUM
maculicolum

GonoLosus
laevis

GoopvERa

 

pubescens
repens

 

 

273

342
WEST VIRGINIA GEOLOGICAL SURVEY 4607

 

GORGONICEPS ......... 110
Guernisaci ......... 110
GRAMINEAE ....... 203
GRANDINIA 444 csayee vs 144
CEUStOSAL Woe iseide fava 144
granulosa .......... 144
GRAPHIDACEAE ... 160
GRAPHIOLA ...... 00.0 77
Phoenicis: a2 0:0 soe var
GRAPRIS. suse ews eo os. 161
dendritica .......... 161
CLE BANS. ss oeeerrccsayede 161
Scripta. ir signee See 161
scripta recta ....... 161
GRATIOLA. asescrsecais cave 352
sphaerocarpa ....... 852
Virginiatia cece oie 352
GRIFOLA. aidiece-s Kiereies oe 136
Berkeleyi .......... 136
ramosissima ........ 186
GRIMMIA eaten BANC
apocarpa ......-eee 177

GRIMMIACEAR .sex 177
GROSSULARIACEAE 270

 

 

 

 

 

 

GUEPINIA weceee eee eee 150
spathularia ......... 150
GYMNADENIOPSIS ...... 234
clavellata. 26 cnccesais 234
GYMNOASACEAE .. 118
GYMNOCLADUS ....... . 283
Canadensis ....+.5. 283
CiOiCa- sieves oeee-s 32 283
GYMNOCONIA 86
interstitialis 86
GYMNOPUS ....- «exe 128
radicata ......+..+. 123
GYMNOSPORANGIUM ... 83
clavariiforme ...... 83
corniculans 83
germinale 84
globosum 83
Juniperinum 83
Juniperi-Virginianae. 83
macropus 83
Nidus-avis 83
GYROMITRA .... 107
curtipes 107
Gyrororus 133
cyanesceins «+. eee 133
GyYRoSsTACHYS 235
cernua
gracilis ....
HIABENARIA
ciliaris. wi dsnceree ca
HAVO wires veined vas
VQCOKG » ieee estcisnseees eS 234
orbicularid ...ee sees 234

HAMAMELIDACEA

 

 

HIARPALEJEUNEA

 

 

ciliata secunda
HEDWIGIACEAE

HELIANTHEMUM

occidentalis Dowell-

 

 

HELMINTHOSPORIUM

 

136

170

317

345
182
182
182
182

385

382

 

 

 

folliculatim. «oc2 4s 37
fusciforme: 2. sescc4 as 38
macrocarpon ........ 37
persistens ......... 37
septemseptatum .... 37
TELIOTIELLA 2 seine ore 113
Nuttallat  wiaawies caves 113
HELOTIUM .2ceeies ee. 110
castaneum ......--- 111
CHtHIMUM arate gesooaee 111
confluen® ......... 110
epiphyllum ........ 111
fraternum ......... 111
fructigenum ....... 111
lerbaram: 63605 i884 110
lacteum .......-+--. 110
phyllophilum ....... 111
HELIOTROPIUM 337
Indicum ..... . 337
FRELISCUS) .d:ss04ss : 46
Lugdunensis 46
HELLEBORUS ..-. . 254
viridis |....... - 254
HELVELLA ...... vax ‘107
(CLISPAs op VA cca ios, LOY
macropuS ....-..... 107
HELVELLACEAE ... 107
HEMEROCALLIS ......+- 227
Bul viae. 6.5 to ccssoedss aeissede é 227
TIEMIARCYRIA ...-.eeee 31
Clavata: s.sake vs aaa 31
rubiformis ......... 81
SEUDALD( aca, tecnicos Sottesetee 81
HENDERSONIA ....--4-+ 65
Desmazieri 65
Pirella: <.shees a 65
HEPATICA ..+--+ - 257
acuta ........ . 257
Hepatica ..... . 257
HEPATICAE 163
HERACLEUM 317
lanatum ...... . 3817
HERBERTIA ....- . 169
adunca ....... . 169
HERCOSPORA ....-+++-+- 98
Tiltae= a caiisieiaens stave 98
FIERY CEU ME! caniyanste c.evestiiees 142
coralloides ......... 142
croceum ..........- 142
erinaceus ........65 142
HERPOTRICHIA 4..+---- 102
Ciusa. > soir s ee, 102
FA BSBERIS. (ais sieccpniy 2 2ns00% 267
matronalis .......... 267
HIEUCHERA: aaron gas 270
Americana ...... cote 200
PAVIA OTA, ceicie wes sierens 270
pubescens .se.6 5. se0% 270
468

Rugelii
VillOSayx4-3-xc oes es
HEXAGONIA
alveolaris
HIBXASTYEIS: jaja ew tw
Shuttleworthii
Virginica
FATBISCUS? jng-accceeenvn tt nace
Moscheutos
THONnUM, esas soe
Hicoria ....
Alba. sccuae ae
cordiformis ..
glabra
laciniosa
microcarpa
ovata
HiERACIUM . ape
Alleghaniense
Canadense ....
Gronovii ....
longipilum
paniculatum
scabrum
venosum
HirMEOLA

   
  

 

Auricula-Judae
HORCUS* ees ee hse ales
lanatus
TOL WAYA. cise a ieeypiiosre
ophiobolus ..........
HoMALOCENCHRUS .....
oryzoides
Virginicus ..........
HOMALOTHECIELLA
subcapillata
THOOKERTA: «30:44 55 '<5, referee
SUP VAN ELT iik.e sueehuase
HOOKERIACEAE
Horomyces
fragiformis
HoustTon1a
ciliolata ..
coerulea :
coerulea albiflora.....
longifolia
PUPPUREA sanesave seeders
purpurea calycosa....
serpyllifolia
tenuifolia
TDUOMARTA: coduwsws kane
avaneosa
COSETICA we deenie B4, daoas
echinosperma
Gerardii
Humutus
Tapas: sscaicee ae Secon
HYDNACEAE

 

INDEX, LIVING FLORA.

368

368

368

149
211
211
117

209
209

190
190
184
184
184
150
150-
357
358
357
358
358
358
358

HypNELLUM
Nuttallii

velutinum

Hypnum

croceum
erinaceum
imbricatum
ochraceum ...
repandum
velutinum ...
HYDRANGEA ....
arborescens
arborescens Kanawha-
nai
Fyprastis
Canadensis ...6s..05
HYDROCHARITA-
CEAE
HyprocotyLe
Americana

HYDROPHYLLACEAE
HyproPHYLLUM
appendiculatum
Canadense
macrophyllum .
Virginicum ...
HycropHorus .
ceraceus ....
coccineus
conicus
laetus
miniatus
nitidus
pratensis
psittacinus
virgineus
HyLocom1uM
brevirostrum
perietinum
rugosum
HyMENOCHAETE
corrugata
rubiginosa
Tabacina
unicolor
HyMENULA
cerealis
HYPERICACEAE ....
HyPEricum
adpressum
Canadense
densiflorum
ellipticum
gymnanthum

 

  
 

 

 

 

maculatum

143
270
270

270
254
254

203
319
319

336
336
337
337
336
337
124
124
124
124
124
124
124

124
124
187
187
187

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

MUU, ances «- 805
perforatum ......... 805
prolificum .......... 305
punctatum ......... 305
SGVOENVE. side pecan 306
virgatum acutifolium 305
Virginicunt «2-164 306
FYYPHELIA .....- F 48
terrestris 48
HyPHOLOMA 132
appendiculatum 182
Candolleanum 132
elaeoides ........... 132
fascicularis 132
lachrymabunda ..... 182
sublateritium ....... 182
HYPHOMYCETACEAE 31
HYPNACEAE ....... 185
FIYPNUM cv ceeeceeeeee 187
crista-Castrense ..... 188
cupressiforme ....+4. 188
curvifolium ...0404 188
demissum .... 188
denticulatum 187
Haldanianum ...... 188
hians ...... 188
hispidulum 186
imponens ... 188
microcarpum 188
HNOLIESY vessrncerare asoanens es 187
Palustee. “vats! ‘elehhstew ee 187
patienitae: as espns see 187
plumosum .......... 188
proliferum ......... 188
PECUTUGNS weeeeeeere 189
feptile. ser sawwenn es 188
rutabulum ......... 188
DUTEDELE eveu dias dca s 187
splendens .cceceeees 188
triquetriim. ...cc05% 6 188
uncinatum 188
HypocHaAegris 366
radicata .. 366
Hypocrea 104
Jéenta ossce: 104
patella ..... 104
Schweinitzii ........ 104
teterrima, 2. o¢c.eees 104
Virginiensis . face Om
HYPOCREACEAE 103
FIYPOCREOPSIS << inva 105
lichenoides ......... 105
PICO CS: sie ease 105
HYYPoDERMA ........+. 119
COMMUNE wk awe eaves 119
Desmazieri ......... 119
virgultorum: o4.< sss 119
HypoMyYcES .......... 103
aurantius
rosellus
Hypopitys
Hypopitys
Hypoxis
erecta
hirsuta
HypoxyLon
atroviride
coccineum .....
colliculosum
fuscum
Howeianum
multiforme
Nuttallii
perforatum
rubiginosum
Sassafras
stigmateum
HypsiLoPHoRA

   
 

fragiformis
HYSTERIACEAE ....
Hyster1uM
Kalmiae
HysTEROGRAPHIUM
insidens
Mori
subrugosum
Hystrix
Hystrix
ILex
mollis
monticola ...
opaca
verticillata
ILIcIOIDES
mucronata
ILLosPporRIuUM
caespitosum
malifoliorum
ILYSANTHES
dubia
gratioloides
IMPATIENS ....
aurea
biflora ...
fulva ....
pallida ...
IMPERATORIA
Ostruthium
InvLa
Helenium
IopANTHUS
pinnatifidus ...
Tonactis
linariifolius ........
Ionotus
perplexus

 
   
 
   

 

WEST VIRGINIA GEOLOGICAL

 

IpoMoga
COCCINCO. ainiavesd atte
hederacea .....
lacunosa
pandurata
purpurea ....

IRIDACEAE 4 vaastics

Irrs
cristata
verna .....
versicolor

TRPEX gen v'ese
lacteus ...
obliquus
sinuosus

IrPIcIPORUS
lacteus
MOMS) is ajestyinseou Segscvend

IsaNTHUS ....
brachnatus
coeruleus

IsaRIA ...
Clavata. sccmnciecces
Virginiensis

IscHNODERMA
fuliginosum

ISNARDIA ......
palustris

IsopyruM

 

 

trifolium
Isorr1a
verticillata
ITHYPHALLUS ..
impudicus
JAMESONELLA ...

 

autumnalis
JEFFERSONIA
diphylla
JuBULA
Hutchinsiae Sullivan-
EtG io hate Waters neces
Pennsylvanica
JUGLANDACEAE
JucLans
cinerea
nigra ...
JUNCACEAE
JUNCOIDES: -.0vsis-seas-dieiecers
campestre
pilosum
saltuensis ...
Juncus
acuminatus
brevicaudatus
Canadensis
Canadensis subcorda-
US seein
effusus ....

 

  

 

 

 

340

135
135
310
310
254
254
235
235

24

24
165
165
260
260
171

226
226
226

 

 

 

 

 

 

SURVEY 469
marginatus ......... 225
MOdOSUS: ge kadsoas eoavs 225
Setdceus: ec.scassc- seas 225
HOMUTS). e220 eettead g teks 225
tenuis anthelatus.... 225

JUNGBRMANNIA ....... 165
CUSCCLO Sicscwi ie ee diens 167
lanceolata .......... 165
‘DUM A. eens seasceaesco es - 165
SCNTGEETE access diene 165

JUNGERMANNIA-

CREAR sd sutayce tein 164

JUNIPERUS ........ 199
COMMUNIS: 4 che es 199
Virginiana 199

KAEMIR eink ben aee 324
angustifolia 324

«latifolia: vacates 324

IRANTIA, Stes peu 4 168
trichomanis 168

TENELEFIA: 3.000. essed eset 312
PPUEICOSAS : wiccsoesae sents 312
fruticosa differta.... 312
NO ARIS? <2 adeno o-siaiess 313
longipedicillata ..... 313
pumila ole liane cee 312
SEBO TOl ses oye ie ek 144

ISORELIA. sesa tei edie 345
elinopodioides ...... 345
flexuosa 345
incana 346
montana 346
MUtCA: sales satis: 346
pycnanthemoides .... 345
verticillata B45
Virginiana 346

Korycarpus 218
Americana ......... 213
Mawarns> v4 svccas yee 213

WGRIGIA®f5 digs ede 366
amplexicaulis ....... 366
Dandelion .... 366

KUEHNEOLA 84
obtusa 84
Uredinis 84

IKGHINTA: sna gone s he 372
eupatorioides ....... 372

KORIINGA she cnaeksedy 217
Puma. vicesiceaede ae 217

LABPAT AW es jectee acne 340

LACHNEA. ioe c seccne eee 109
erinacea. 4 .-csiaeee av 110
Hittd. Jets es eis ts 110
scutellata .......... 109

*umbrarim: 6 2.ccats 3 110
Witting. avs esaves s 110

LORE, 25 y pees os 113

Virginica. <4. situs 113

 
 

 
   
 

 

  

   

470
LACHNOCLADIUM .....- 149
semivestitum 149
LACINTARTA. sea aceite cos 372
Spicata. sia4 6 se eeitele ONS
scariosa squarrulosa. 372
TEAGTARTA: -isiu-puniddota oie 124
cilicioides ........-. 124
deliciosa . sc sea ens 125
glaucescens ........ 125
hydropiperoides ..... 125
INdIgo. 6. seis oy danse 125
INSGISa. ws coer e.seeies 125
Vactifind, <.scas eas 125
pergamena ......... 124
‘piperata saves terse 124
plinthogala ......... 125
subdulcis .... 125
trivalis 126
vellera 125
Lactarius 125
fuliginosus 125
EIAUCESCENS sees eeee 125
VONCMUS. mies aeGes = 125
LACTUCK:. see de seudicee 367
Canadensis 367
Floridana 367
WirSUta” ji ee bac 0 367
integrifolia .......-- 367
leucophaea ......... 367
Sagittifolia: o.iven's se 367
Searigls, axyavee bya 367
GPICAta \sese es sete se sie 367
VANIOSA) - % oisiestaieevce dene 367
LAETIPORUS. cs vsasiie Se 136
speciosus 136
LAMIUM ...... 343
amplexicaule | 348
maculatum 343
purpureum 343
LAMPRODERMA -. 80
violaceum ... 30
LAPORUER. cx ioienan tac » 243
Canadensis ......... 243
APPULA, 54 6x stved = 3 ss - 838
Virginiang: w2ss-0 ve: 338
TGARIDG: 1c cusrar's doesueneuenesevesous 200
Americana ......... 200
laticinia: secs. es cx : 200
LASIOSPHAERIA ..eeeeee 101
OVATE scad vs agenesiog denen’ 101
LATHYRUS: jeoicsdionavecany +. 290
latifolius: ses. ccccens 290
VENOSUS) -cisscorevew oS scei2 « 290
LAURACEAE ....... 261
LEcANIDION 118
ACTA - nny g2 aA 118
Hamammelidis 118
LEGCANORA. aioe ceed ce ~» 155

 

INDEX, LIVING FLORA.

 

 
 
 

 

 

   
   

AURA, ieee sescatihe ge eee 155
cervina 156
coarctata .. 155
déplanians. 2042: s405 155
muralis versicolor... 156
pallescens .......... 156
pallidas ; pscnts civasens « 156
privigena ........... 156
SUBLUSCA! tise -s-< ecereyeaie, 155
fartar€a. 6/666. diac 156
Vara. ainsi eines ss 156
LECANORACEAE 155
TSBCHEA dsncie cues oo 306
Leggettii ........... 306
PHAIOR © cre wecisssreNs sates 306
Minor Descends sas 306
minor Lam.. -. 306
LECIDEA ...-.ee eee 159
albocoerulescens 160
crustulata .... 160
Erieina, eae.sie8 160
fuliginea ..... 159
Nuttallii . 159
platycarpa steriza.... 160
ESPEITEA ws eae ¥sesiere 160
Tennesseensis ...... 159
Virginiensis ........ 160
LECIDACEAE ... 158
LEERSTA <a 2 cate ca eae 209
OryzoideS wssaveeeee 209
streptocarpa .....055 176
Virginicus ....ceene 209
LE7EUNEA, 250) ssee8ss 170
Calypeata .ereceeseee 171
cavifolia, “ge. see sc 170
cucullata .........4. 170
PEMA, accuses 3 Saoee - 224
MMNINOG scncievers.d-overa sae 224
LEMNACEAE ....... 224
LENTIBULARIACEAE 355
LENTINUS: soe eens +35 127
CrINitUS sess dee eee 127
LOPideUes® sac in 8 sebteedes-s 127
StHIZOSUS o4 seis ss 127
LENZITES: sigs ee agit ee 128
abietina — os. cedusas 128
betulina .........5.. 128
COrrigata c.saccress 128
sepiaria 128
LEocarPus 29
fragilis 29
LEonurus 343
Cardiaca 343
LEOTIA wccce 116
lubrica ... 116
LrEPipIUM 263
campestre 2638
Virginicum 263

 

   

 

 

 

 

 

 

E®PIDOZIA, ses oc peeloen o 8 168
reptans 168
sylvatica 168

LEPIOTA ...eeeees 120
acutisquamosa ...... 121
Americana ......--. 121
Amianthina ..... eee 120,
ChIStaba; ss sacs ot 3M 121
clypeolaria ........ & Wet
metulaespora ....... 121
NAUCING 6 cavieese ese 120
PROCES. 4 siieass Deas 120

LEPTAMNIUM ......... 355
Virginianum ........ 855

LEPTANDRA 353
Virginica 353

LeptTitoy ..... 378
Canadense 378

LEPTosRYUM 180
pyciforme 180

LEvTopon 183
trichom‘trion 183

LepTocruM 155
chloromelum stellans. 155
pulchellum 155
tremelloides 155

LEPTONIA 0. etes ees 129
asperella: ...s:seec 6 ne 129
Berrwlatay. ..cvesrweeiaren 129

LEPTORCHIS ...--.00005 236
Tilirfolia: 4s. caves e's ts + 236

LEPTOSPHAERIA ....+-. 100
clavigera ........... 101
Dolioltim: .. csesesrs, sone 100
Ogilviensis ....... ee LOL
orthogramma 101
vagabunda ......... 101

LEPTOSTROMACEAE = 70

LEPTOSTROMELLA ....-- TAL
ACMA: «e2auee 2 1

LEPTOTHYRIUM 70
Castaneae ........4. 70
ARYAN psieiee vy genetsss 70
foraminulatum ...... 70
Liriodendri ......... 70
petiolorum ......... 70
DY aeisiy. v deletes acahsiaee 70
vulgare. 4 vaaes esas 70

LEPToTRICHUM ....... 173
pallidum ........ 173
POPE! coe avaneiss i 173

TEES REA: sscscseisiecesew-o sccstns 184
gracilescens ........ 184
ODSCUPA..t sachets t Sore 184
polycarpa vinsucwreins 184

LESKEACEAE ...... 184

LESPEDEZA: seas ¢ scent 289
CAPItatal pis spvsees suds 289
WEST VIRGINIA GEOLOGICAL

 

 

     

 

 

 

 

 

frutescens ...... +e. 289
hirtad, 224 0% 289
polystachya 289
MEPENS! fare apasarstareSanesees 289
striata 289
Stuvei 289
Stuvet intermedia.... 289
Stuvei reticulata..... 289
VIOlACEA. wimiciens ¢ uae 289
Virginica .......... 289
LEUCOBRYACEAE .. 176
LEUGOBRYUM! doss:e¢ see 176
glaucum, «s.0«64< sa 176
EEUCODON <6 ee)niaist Ses 183
brachypes: ccseusasae * 183
Julacets o.rcogessaren 183
LEUCODONTACEAE, 183
ETATRIS: Geis cesses 372
scariosa squarrulosa.. 372
SPICOIG) 05.0 Shs cies Sets 372
LIBERTELLA 2... e ees v4
dcerina: 05 sicew ace 74
faginéa .é2.2680255 74
EICHENES teigssec. soe 151
LACUSTICUM. Candied nse 317
Canadense ......... 317
LIGUSTRUM ........... 329
Vuleares 6h-47ioas Few 329
LILIACEAE ......... 227
EY ETURE (cieeize:'o:sterarens ative 228
Canadense 228
Philadelphicum ..... 228
superbum 228
tigrinum -. 228
LIMNANTHACEAE... 296
LrMoporuM 236
tuberosum 236
LINACEAE . 292
LINARIA ..... 350
Linaria 350
LinpDBLADIA 30
GHEUS AY jeerre Sueterinn ce-ecattene 30
LINDERA_ oe. esse eee e ee 261
Benzoin 261
LIinNAEA 361
Americana 361
Linum 292
Striatum <vccae sce 292
usitatissimum ...... 292
Virginianvm .......- 292
TLTPSRIS. ciuetaeus Wanesies 8S 236
liliifolia .. 236
TAPIA cscs 340
lanceolata . 340
LiguiDAMBAR 271
styraciflua 271
LiRIODENDRON ..---+++ 253
Tulipifera ......-..- 253

 

LITHOSPERMUM
arvense
canescens .
laifolium ....

Loparia
amplissima ..

Losetia ie
amoena glandulifera.
cardinalis
inflata send
inflata simplex......
leptostachys
puberula
spicata
spicata parviflora....
syphilitica
syphilitica albiflora...

LOGANIACEAE

Lotrum
Italicum ...
perenne ...

LonicERA ‘
Canadensis .
dioica
glauca
Japonica
sempervirens

 

 

 

 

LoPHANTHUS ...........5

nepetoides ....
LopHIDIUM ..
compressum
nitidum

 

LOPHIOSTOMACEAE.

LopHIoTREMA
nucula
LopHocoLea
bidentata
heterophylla
TION eis wcortaes Gcapaeess
LorHoDERMIUM
culmigenum
pinastri
Rhododendri
LopHozia
Marchica ...
ventricosa .....-....
LORANTHACEAE ...
Lupwicia
alternifolia
alternifolia linearifo-
lia
LuNu.aria
cruciata
Lupinus
perennis
LuzuLa
campestris
pilosa ...

 
 
   

 

 

365
329

106

119

163
284
284
226
226
226

SURVEY 471

 

 

 

 

 

saltuensis 226
vernalis ... 226
LycuHNis 249
Githago 249
Lycium . 349
Waal Pane? fnee sesdvansrerai ies 349
EYGOGATA: 4's sues seis | Bil
CONICUR 52. sanaes 54% 31
epidendron ......... 81
LYCOPERDACEAE .. 24
LycoPERDON 25
furfuraceum 25
gemmatum 25
pedicellatum 25
pyrifOrme® aa ssjave< ss 25
LYCOPERSICON .......- 349
Lycopersicon ....... 349
LYCOPODIACEAE 197
LyYcopopIUM .....+.-- 197
Annotinuml. <spicass eo 197
clavatum ........... 197
complanatum ....... 198
dendroldeum ....... 197
lucidultim: .:s¢a6<4< 197
obscurum 197
tristachyum 197
EYCOPUS: isiqisdate 346
Americanus 346
COMMUNIS Loc eececee 346
membranaceus ...... 346
sinuatus 346
Virginicus 346
LYSIAS: taeas 2 234
orbiculata 234
LysIMACHIA 327
Nummularia ....... 327
quadrifolia ......... 9327
SEPECEO. ais et eehage vies B27
terrestris: .cccews 4 se 327
CH ESHLOTE — scercigsacesa sna 827
LYTHRACEAE ...... 309
ADACEURA® acnctieiccieae sis 242
QUYANTACE we ee eens 242
MACROSPORIUM ....... 40
Abutilonis ......... 41
antennaeforme ..... 41
asclepiadeum ....... N
Caudatum: “rac.sa6cds 41
commune .......... 40
ALaydis. pod sears eas 41
Olivaceum: sss. 2 ee 41
Saponariaé: wgacccees 41
TLOmato: sare ccvicesedvers 41
MAGNOLIA woe. eee ee eee 252
acuminata .......... 252
PPaseri: ice Sceieaes 253
tripetala: « src einer 252
Umbrella. savecawva vs 252

 
472

MAGNOLIACEAE
Matus
angustifolia
coronaria
glaucescens
MALVA, secs cateta de ee
moschata
rotundifolia
MALVACEAE
MarasMiIvus
androsaceus
campanulatus
erythropus
foetidus
instititus
opacus
oreades
perforans ..
ramealis
rotula
scorodonius
semihirtipes
splanchnoides

 

   

MarcHANTIA
polymorpha
MARCHANTIACEAE,
MarruBiuM
vulgare
MarsHALLIA
grandiflora
obovata platyphylla..
Marsonia
Juglandis
Martini
MARSUPELLA ...
emarginata
MassARIA
“ Magnoliae
MATRICARIA
discoidea
matricarioides
MeEDEOLA
Virginiana
MeEpIcaco
lupulina
sativa
MEEHANIA
cordata
MEIBOMIA
arenicola
bracteosa
Canadensis
canescens
Dillenii
grandiflora
laevigata
Marylandica
Michauxii

 

 

INDEX, LIVING FLORA.

 

 

 

 

 

 

252 nudiflora 287
279 obtusa ...... 288
279 ochroleuca 288
279 paniculata 288
279 pauciflora 287
304 TUCO. <picasaade senavapestees 288
304 | MELAMPSORA 79
304 PATINOSA. ei s/c tees 2
303 | MELAMPYRUM ........ 354
126 Americanum ....... 354
126 TMG anes Vayeensen scent 354
127 | MELANCONIACEAE.. 71
126 | MELANCONIS ........65 98
126 modonia: woe. c0neaas 98
127 Miliaea. ssmsvacaeetans 98
127 | MELANCONIUM ....... 74
20 “HICOlOe ue ediete & eames 5
127 oblongum .......... 74
127 pallidum). <-ccacn ena V4
127 |MeELANOMMA ......... 101
126 pulvis-pyrius ....... 101
126 |MELANTHACEAE .. 226
127 | MerantHIUM 226
163 parviflorum 226
163 Virginicum 226
163 |MELASTOMACEAE... 310
DAC | MEBUICA suds ermtce donee 213
342 MUA i Pease oes 213.
S84) MELiLOTUS: ..22 yo xnwe 285
384 Albay Acs o etna cane 285
384 officinalis ........... 285

20 MEISCR. oe a ew aang 345

75 Oficinalis: 23.50 veti« 345

75 | MENISPERMACEAE. 260
165 | MEnrsPERMUM 260
165 Canadense 260
100 | Menge’ Ju xdonae x unas 346
100 arvensis glabrata.... 346
386 Canadensis 346
386 piperita .<.2sac 346
386 sativa: sacs ccs 346
231 spicata 346
231 UGVADIS® sce aosene ia ier sncetets 346
284 | MENYANTHACEAE 331
284 | MENYANTHES ......... 331
284 ttifoliata: ssscgeose 331
S42 | MENZTESTA acoso nee 323
342 BlODUArIS: ies dca 323
287 PUOSa  csgrivas ere wide 323
288 | MERTENSIA ........... 338
288 NAB RUMICA« sasinsccy evade 338
288 |MERULIUS ............ 141
288 ambiguus: ascgs-aademoe 141
288 Gorm: canwscsscaa 141
287 lachrymans ........ 141
288 molluscus 141
288 pulverentus 142
288 PrubellUus- 2 vats et eae 141

 

 

 

 

  
 

 

 

 

tremellosus ,.......- 141
MESADENIA «eee eee eres 386
atriplicifolia ........ 386
reniformis ......... 386
METZGERIA 164
conjugata, 6 acnccure es 164
CEaSSIPINIS.s ccsencece es 164
MICRAMPELIS ....---+- 363
e¢hindta «..wiseie ss 363
Tobata>: ecesds daacianee-s 363
MUICROCERIA> shs-0sysereena 2.2 4s
erumpens ........-- 48
MIcROcoccus ...---+++: 28
aurantiacuS .......- 28
crepusculum ........ 28
WUteus: sen ees jpuEGtis 28
SOplicus s.e<ssea ss 238
UT COE « sscosbys 1s & susnouatse S08 28
MicROLEJEUNEA ....... 170
TWCENS! -saie sa akense 170
MIcROSPHAERA ......++ 87
ONT each ts Se eo naniteae eos 87
Alni-Vaccinii ....... 88
diffisa: eiusceigauses 88
elevate: wn 3.eseies as 88
erineophila ......... 87
Euphorbide: 3 conc eee 88
Grossulariae .......- 88
Quercina .......... 88
Russell. ascasencens 88
Vase aciwayecatenis 88
MICROSTYLIS ......--- 236
unifolia 236
MICROTHYRIACEAE. 106
MILiuM ... 209
effusum .. 209
MiIMvuLus 352
alatus .... 352
ringens 852
MITCHELLA ... 358
TODCNS® iecoreieaces Shivers 358
MITELEA: -di4dchew Shae s 269
diphyila: esis 6 dees & 269
MITREMYCES ......-+.. 24
IuteScens: siicecni sian 24
MITREOLA_...--.5--0-- 239
petiolata 329
MaTRULA sashes es 107
lutescens 107
ph allordes™ 24.5 suoievans 107
MNIACEAE: a5 vanes 180
MNIOBRYUM .......... 179
AIDICANIS! 3,05 234:6 sree 179
MEN AUENE asec Sc dachceeisscce 180
cuspidatum 180
affine 180
hornum 180
marginatum 180

 
WEST VIRGINIA GEOLOGICAL SURVEY

 

 

 
   

punctatum .......... 180
rostratum 180
MouropENDRON 328
Carolinum, ccc aie 328
Motta, 62 edase-re nena LT.
viridula .... 177
MOoLtisia 112
cinerea 112
Dehnii 112
pinastri 112
Mo.tiuco 248
verticillata ......... 248
MONARDA ...- eee eee eee 344
Clinopodia: sx iicsvas 344
Cad yiTlas wissen 2x4 Sieees 844
Astulosay sjicws 6s haces 344
TMEGTA) 2 vs5id ere eee stants 344
SCADKA! Aw Sesneesrw aesezerens 344
MONESES .......00005 . 821
grandiflora .....0006 321
uniflora .........e ee 321
MONIETA: 66 ceece eee 32
aureo-fulva ......... 32
fructigena 82
Monomyces 121
rutilens 121
Monorropa .. 322
Hypopitys . 322
uniflora .... sar 3822
MONOTROPACEAE . 322
MONOTROPSIS «....ee05 322
Odoratar’ sx cacasreeaee 822
MORACEAE ......... 242
MORCHELLA ....--+ sees 107
angusticeps ......... 107
esculenta .... 107
Morus .. 242
alba 242
TUDES i ncies «acer 242
MUCGOR: soso soa 25
mucedo ........ 25
MUCORACEAE .. 25
MucRONOPORUS ....+-. 189
Everhartit: <0. secs 139
ferruginosus ........ 139
Gv 2 Givcces De heerte es 1389
MUULENBERGIA ...+--- 209
Gifttisa. cscs sities 210
Mexicana .........05 210
sobolifera .....++.+- 209
sylvatica s.cceiessus 210
MULGEDIUM .......+-- 867
acuminatum ......66 367
MUSCARI oes ee eee reese £29
botryoides ........-- 229
racemosum ......... 229
MUSSER: escssisicscnys sesvectens 173
MY-CENA, wats vo lanieead 123

 

corticola
epiterygia
filopes .....-
galericulata
galopa
haematopa .........
PUL As seeccstesensee eas efaueds
rubro-marginata
tenerrima
WAIGAGIS: aoe veg eres o/h ecard
My1coPporon
Smilacis
Myosoris
arvensis
Tasca acsre. dvs, cesvateede gauss
palustris
MyRIADOPORUS ...-
induratus
Myriancium
Durgesh aed aos
Myrica ...

 

 
 
 
 
 

asplenifolia
MYRICACEAE
MyvurRELLa
gracilis
MYNOMYCETACEAE,
MyxosporiuM
luteum
platanicolum
Rhois
seriatum
NaBALuS
albus
altissimus
serpentarius ..
NAEMATELIA ..
nucleata ...
Narvia
crenulata
crenuliformis
NasTURTIUM

 

 

Armoracia
obtusum
officinale
palustre ...
palustre hispidum....
sylvestre
NAvcoria
festiva
pediades
semiorbicularis
NAUMBERGIA
thyrsiflora
NAVICULA
borealis
major
nobilis
rhomboides

 

123
123

123 |,

123
123
123
123
123
123
106

338

368
369

150

130

327
327
28
28
28
28
28

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

473
tYiNOGIS: co sie sees sen . 29
VITIGIS: Goh geass se 28
NECKERA ...-+----- % 183
penmata .....- cee eee 183
NECKERACEAE ..... 183
NECKERIA wees eee eeee 262
aurea 263
flavula 263
glauca .. 262
NECTRIA .. 104
cinnabarinad ...+++++- 103
COCCINED «..ee sees 5 104
GitissiMA wccreeece eves 104
episphaeria ......... 104
Peziza. . sieewi veces 104
ReXIGNA vovccceseoes 105
VUIPING concaceneces 104
NPMOPANTHES .....--- 298
fascicularis ......665 298
NEOKNEIFFIA ..eeeeeee 144
Setigera ...eeeeereee 144
NEPETA, 2. sous nese 342
Cataria ....cesseneee 342
hederacea ..---+++++ 342
NEPHROMA ...--eeeeee 154
Helveticum 154
NICANDRA 349
physalodes ...+e10+ 349
NIDULARIACEAE 24
NIGREDO 1... seeeeeeeee 77
appendiculata ....... 78
Caladat wou vwddew nev 79
caryophyllina ....... 79
fallens .....,.eeeeee 73
Hedysari-paniculati . 78
Houstoniata 78
Howell? acsaeneeeeees 79
Hyperici-frondosa ... 79
Junci-effusi ......-. 77
Lespedezae-procumben-
tS. S-aee Bees 2 18
Medicaginis 78
pedatata 17
plumbaria .. 79
Polygoni 78
proeminens .......-- 78
Rhyncosporae ....... 719
SipHaty x ciiraysiarg ecetaces Ue
Spermacoces ......-- 79
TrifOlit: 2 ieits eevee 78
NITZSCHIA ...---.-e008 29
Amphioxys intermedia 29
NOLANEA ...-----ee00: 129
mammosa .......+++ 129
PASCUA 1... eee ee eens 129
NOTOTHYLAS .......--+ 171
orbicularis ........- 171
NOWELLIA ..-..ee-- eee 167
474

punctulata
Nyctais
asterophora
NYMPHAEA
advena ....
odorata

Nyssa
sylvatica
OAKESIA

sessilifolia
OBOLARIA
Virginica
OponTIA

denudatum
prostratum
Sphagni
OENOTHERA ...

 

biennis ...
fruticosa
linearis
pumila ...
Ort M sesso i x's ne
erysiphoides ...
leucoconium ...
monilioides ..
OLEACEAE ...
OMBROPHILA

   
 

clavus
OMPHALIA ...
campanella
chrysophylla
fibula
_  Stellata 2acewsv veees
ONAGRA
argillicola
biennis
biennis grandiflora...
ONAGRACEAE
ONOCLEA
sensibilis
OnosMODIUM
Carolinianum
OosPora
fasciculata
OPEGRAPHA
atra
minutula .
Varley averss
OPHIOBOLUS
acuminatus
fulgidus
porphyrogonus ...

 

 

 

 

INDEX, LIVING FLORA.

311

313
312

 

 

OPHIOGLOSSACEAE.
OPHIOGLOSSUM ..
vulgatum .....
OPuNTIA
Opuntia ...
UULLOTIS: sissea tele ashes
ORBIETA 5 crise a cnccaee
coccinella
luteo-rubella
occulta
rubella
vinosa
xanthostigma
ORCHIDACEAE
OrcHIS

  

spectabilis
ORNITHOGALUM
nutans
umbellatum
OROBANCHACEAE
OrontruM
aquaticum. 3: acc 40 vo
ORTHOTRICHACEAE
ORTHOTRICHUM
Brana soto scees c-decsays
Ohioense ..
Porteri
strangulatum
OsMoRRHIZA

 
  

brevistylis
longistylis
OsMUNDA
cinnamomea
Claytoniana
regalis
OsTROPA
cinerea
Ostrya ..
Virginiana
OTIDEA
onotica ochracea....
OXALIDACEAE
OxaLis
Acetosella
cymosa
filipes
grandis
recurva
stricta
violacea ..
Oxycoccus
erythrocarpus
macrocarpus ...
Oxycoccus
OXxyYDENDRUM ..
arboreum
Oxypoutis
rigidior

 

 

 

 

 

  
 
 

190
190
190
309
309
309
116
116
116
116
116
116
116
233
234
234
229
229
229
355
224
224
177
178
178
178
178
178
318
318
319
196
197
197

‘196

119
119
239
239
109
109
291
291

291

315

 

rigidus
Ozonr1uM
auricomum
PACHYSANDRA
procumbens
PACcHYSTIMA
Canbyi
PALLAVICINIA
Lyellii
PANAEOLUS
campanulatus ...
solidipes
PANnax
quinquefolium
trifolium

 

  
  
 

PANICULARIA
Canadensis
elongata
melicaria ...
nervata
nervata major..
Torreyana

PaNICcUM
agrostoides
anceps
Ashei
barbulatum
Boscii
capillare
capillare campestre..
clandestinum
commutatum
Crus-Galli
depauperatum
dichotomiflorum
dichotomumn
dichotomum depaupe-

rata
fasciculatum
flexile
Gattingeri
geniculatum
gracile
Huachucae silvicola..
latifolium
Lindheimeri
linearifolium
lucidum
microcarpon
nitidum
Philadelphicum
polyanthes
Porterianum
proliferum
pubescens
sanguinale
stipitatum
Tennesseense

 

 

 

 

315
140
140
296
297
299
299
164
164
133
133

207
208
206
206
208
208
208
206
205
207

207
207
206
206
205
207
207
208
207
206
207
207

206
\

WEST VIRGINIA GEOLOGICAL SURVEY

 

tsugetorum ........ 207
villosissimum ....... 207
virgatum ..... 206
PANNARIR. gunk 4040 ¥ 154
leucosticta ........ - 154
MIBTA’ ecvenaddoa ties 154
TUbI_INOSA. ses.c sees 154
PANNARIACEAE 154
PANUS: <§ fag6- 080-05 6 ateriseen a 127
CONCHALUSY sa. s-nanernee.s 128
dorsalis: sicccvsesaiss 128
StiplicuS. ave.c¥ canes 127
PAPAVER: | eceieSiece thoceusoe 3 262
dubiamt oes s-ccscewarn 262
PAPAVERACEAE 261
PAPILIONACEAE 284
PARIETARIA. sio0 4 s-sieras < 244
Pennsylvanica ...... 244
PARMELIA  -i.cc0s-0 ¢ ieee e 152
BOErer iy asesys-26,snaviin oo 152
Borreri rudecta,.... 152
Caperata.- aes sisais es 152
Céthatal-oiaais aaa 152
ColpodeS 2... c.csaes 152
conspersa .........5 152
exasperata ......... 152
Olivacead: sca ccecees<s 152
Olivana: Sao. ss 152
Perlata, vimeewe-c Leute 152
physodes: wisi. ccs 152
Tluidectay cress 152
tiliacea. ws seas 33 152:
PARMELIACEAE 152
PARNASSIA sess ee eens 268
aSATiPOlA  e.atenareois 268
grandiflora: «invests x 268
PARNASSIACEAE 268
PARONYCHIA ....-.--5- 251
dichotoma .......... 251
PARSONSIA ....--0-+0-5 310
petiolata: 44s eauiis ss 310
PARTHENIUM ...-..6-- 380
integrifolium ....... 380
PARTHENOCISSUS ...... 303
quinquefolia ....... 303
PASPALUM ..eeeeee ease 205
Ta@vie.wtacrtele aes 205
laeve pilosum....... 205
mucronatum ........ 205
Muhlenbergii ....... 205
setacetlm .........6. 205
PASSIFLORA ..eeeeee eee 309
Incarnata ........+. 309
HOS csunecedccscan BOD
PASSIFLORACEAE 309
PASTINACA .----s ates COLT
SALIVA: dds: ® eessliracs o Hate 317
PATELLARIACEAE.. 117

 

 

PRENANTHES .......-- 368
PRRs ves eases 440% 181
atramentosus ....... 131
involutus ........-. 131
pannoides ......-00e 127
PEDICULARIS ....--e005 354
Canadensis ......... 854
PRULARA,~iocit6 Gendiiend ae 192
atropurpuiea ....... 192
PEELTAs sees sak ear 164
epiphylla ........... 164
Fabroniana ......... 164
PELTIGERAS 36.0 sisters gan 154
aphthdsa:. < siscus sees 154
CANINA iis sie ce ve 154
horizontalis ........ 154
polydactyla ........ . 4164
PELTIGERACEAE 153
PENCILLIUM. ..esdecs Yaw 33
@lavctm 6 oasis ies: 33
PENIOPHORA .....eeees 148
cinerea we... e sense 148
QUercIna. <2 suis aeeu 148
PENTHORACEAE ... 268
PENTHORUM ....-...+5 268
SECOIMES. 6s sevscrerehons anes 268
PENTSTEMON eases o0.5 351
CAMeSCENs. sce sv saisne 351
Digitalis” ¢ scsosc.0. 4 ores 351
hinsutus? cssnieyc-ssice 351
PUBESCENS ce caiea i cciere 351
PERAMIUM. <canccs esac 235
Menziesii .......... 235
ophioides .......... 235
pubescens: ston cvs 235
TEPENS) 24 > comisa somes 235
PERICHAENA «--- esses 31
Havidlat tad -2 shctens sieeve 81
PERICONIA «.e sees eee 35
pycnospora ......... 35
PERIDERMIUM .......+6 85
Balsameum ......... 85
eka) cag :s cosescriresdeeace 85
PERIELA. © is vies ees 347
frutescens 847
trutescens Nankinensis 347
ocymoides crispa..... 347
PERISPORACEAE ... 86
PERONOSPORA ......... 27
AthU re: yo senses s’shaens 27
Gorydalis> i srdctesatals 27
ObOVAta wawiacosisin 27
Parasiticd <cvhisecat 27
PERONOSPORACEAE — 26
PERULARIA ....-0e-- R4
HAVA. cgitels atlas eth 234
PERTUSARIA .....+2-.65 156
COTA MA cus sccese a eestdans 156
Teioplaca® ccyescce wanes: 156

 

 

multipuncta ........ 156
pustulata .. 156
velata,.scccx: 156
PESTALOZZIA «sees e eee 135
FUNETEAs siefeusra arenes « 75
Guepini ....... : 75
Jefferisii ...... ae 75
TOXICA. ereaine cours 75
PETUNIA ..eeseee aaere ee 350:
violacea ......--0065 350
PEZIZA. ses dsecce's sates 108
Urea ..ccee cere eee 114
aurantia «ass tees 108
adia: .oceuess wane « 108
CENETCD vee ceeevceee 112
repanda ......-se4-. 108
vesiculosa ........45 108
PEZIZACEAE, sicass 108
PHACELIA: garnes esas 337
bipinnatifida ....... 337
GUDIa. gp scciarened eterno se 337
parviflora ......+06- 337
Purshil) sen5 easace’s . 837
PHACIDIACEAE .... 117
PHAEOLUS ..-4---.0005 188
sistotremoides deere) 36
PHAEOPEZIZA .----+-es 100
SCODTOSA weve eeccnes 109
‘PHALARIS, ao: ec3424089 209
arundinacea ........ 209
Canariensis ......... 209
PHALLACEAE ...... 24
PHASEOLUS ...-.----05 290
Neluolws: sesss see 283 290
PeYENNiIS woe ecccreee 290
pulystachyus .,...... 290
PHEGOPTERIS ........-- 194
Dryopteris ......... 195
hexagonoptera ...... 195
Phegopteris ........ 195
polypodioides ...... 195
PHILALEA: stu sees s Te
cyathoides .......... 111
SCutula: xcnoncaesacurees 111
Virgultorum ...s.cess 111
PHILONOTIS: 82. 5-5 0% 5 181
HONtANE:, 253.4 Suedodevets 181
PHIEOTRIA | seis wreisciueeon's 203
Canadensis ......... 203
PRLESTA 30-S355-0 ees ¥ 144
merismoides ........ i44
radiata. saves eva s< 144
PHEEURE 9 sadsecsdkes 210
PEALENSE! a jajecese-e esses 210
BHLGR: 0 ates aie 335
AMGEN: - = Acheaiy wegpens's 335
Brittonit. cise sseee.c 334
divaricata, “sc csi0s. 335
MaCUl Ata vce < teers ae 335
476

paniculata: 6 aiaecs tac
paniculata acuminata.
veptans
Subtilata: <2 ive a.2:ooh
PHLYCTAENA
AUCUBED: ad. dannisre ss eves
Tpoinoeae ...........
septorioides
vagabunda
PHOLIOTA
AGIPOSA, vac 5 stawie'e < sce
candicans
caperala ....
erebia: wisn
mutabilis ..
Pruoma
Asclepiadea
herbarum
ihcicola ...
leucostoma
nielaleuca
MIRA! averse warayenee as
negundicola ramicola.
Nyssaecarpa ..... wes
obscurans
MEGUBCUIE a sciees a seein
Pennsylvanica
Phytolaccae
samararum
SCADA: ssspererdeteierece-e
Smilacina
Spiraeae
UVICO]A, cased sc wscaes-o 0
PHORADENDRON
flavescens .....
PHRAGMIDIUM
Americanum ...
disciflorum
Potentillae
Rubi-odorati ...
subcorticium ..
PHRAGMITES ...
Phragmites ..
PHRYMA ......
Leptostachya
PHRYMACEAE
PHYLLACHORA
Caricis
Graminis
pomagena
PHYLLACTINIA
corylea
suffulta
PHYLLANTHUS
Carolinensis
PHYLLOSTICTA
acericola
althaeina

 

 

 

212
357

106

106

 

 

INDEX, LIVING FLORA.

 

 

 

 

 

   

Ampelopsidis ....... 50
ALahaer sarivievakG = ¥ 52
ASIMINGE: seis nessa 2 50
Caryigena- <5 6cceaee% 49
Castaneae .......... 53
Catalpae: cased seman 49
Celastri™ i/site0.4 wielsts 51
Céltidis: agi eyeSeseek 49
CercidicOla: ioc scidawisces 52
Chionantht  s.scedeo< 53
Cooker iscsiiieiss wager 53
cornicola .... 53
Dioscoreae 53
Galicis ...... 50
gentianicola ........ 50
globifeta. ies vases «3 51
Hamamelidis ........ 49
Haynaldi .... 49
Ipomoeae 49
Labruscae 53
Lappae .... 53
lindericola 51
Liriodendrica ....... 53
macrospora ......... 50
Negundinis ......... 52
QOPaea’ a seein erg eaeiie 5 53
Oxydendri s66.5ss0he% 51
Pavia ¢sses stuns 3% 49
phomiformis ........ 53
Paring. secs isan ober 50
PANG 32 ocseaiee ewes 63
Quercus-prini ....... 50
rhoicola 50
Ribis 49
Rosae 50
Sambuci 53
Sanguinariae ...... 2 49
Sassafras ae 52
Smilacis subeffusa... 51
solitaria ....+...e00- 49
Tiliae 53
WDM init. Gozscuanb eve: antes 53
Xanthorrhizae ...... 52
PHYSALIS! (onetec es 348
angulata ... 348
heterophylla ........ 349
Taneeolate. 2ac6 evans 349
Philadelphica ...... 348
pubescens .........4 349
Virginiana. soccee ves, 349
VISCO SE, o8 ua seats 349
PHYSALODES ..... beatae? B49)
Physalodes ......... 349
PHYSALOSPORA ......-- 96
Dracaenae .......... 96
WTCI8) oie etnale pasate 96
PHYSARUM ....eeeeees 29
CIFINUM: eects a eediee 29

 

psittacinum
pulcherrimum
rufipes
sinuosum
PHyscia
aquila
ciliaris
ciliaris crinalis.......
comosa
leucomela
leucomelaena
speciosa
stellaris
stellaris apiolia......
PHYSCIACEAE
PHYSCOMITRIUM
priforme
PHYSMA .....
luridum ...
PHYSOCARPA
opulifolia
PHYSOSTEGIA
Virginiana
PHYTOLACCA
decandra
PHYTOLACCACEAE,
PHYTOPHTHORA
infestans
Picea
Mariana
rubens
PrIERIs
floribunda .
Mariana
PiLacrE
gracillipes
Petersii
PItpa

 

 

 

 

pumila
PILEOLARIA

Toxicodendri
PIMPINELLA

  

 

 

integerrima
PINACEAE
PINUS. sees s
echinata
inops
mitis
pungens ..
resinosa ...
rigida
Strobus
Taeda
Virginiana
PLacoptuM
camptidium
cerinum

 

29
29
29
29
153
143
153
153
153

200
200
200
324
324
324

43

43

48
242
243

86

86
318
318
199
199

200

200

155
155
WEST VIRGINIA GEOLOGICAL SURVEY 477

 

   

   

   

 

 

 

elégans’ %vectaner ceases 155 alSOGES: ~ ceiovre cists es 214 OCHS” Sven cru vahd oe §.toe 246
ferrugineum ,....... 165) ANNU ats sediedtomesa sa 214 amightm  gsc554 089 247
FUPEStre: -s.ecaiea cs oarev' 155 | autumnalis ......... 214 aviculané> “scisvesde « 246
Plagiochilia, ..-ccuerere scanees 4661 breyifeha css vuekea 2 214 cilinode asic dvisden 246
porelloides: saca% visi 166 COMPPESSS Laws naceia-d- 214 Convolvulus ....... 247
Sullivantit coc acaces 166 compressa depauperata 214| cristatum .......... 247
Warginica  aiccas cau 166 HO UM OSG: isis s cciesceve-e 214 CPECtuM. - cgaasesiacaen 246
PLAGIOTHECIUM ...... 186 pratensis ...,....... 214 Hydropiper ......... 246
delicatulum densum.. 186 sylvestris ascc.aces 214 hydropiperoides .... 246
denticulatum 186 PONPAG caews vain oo 214 Orientale <...00 neo 246
micans ....... -++. 187!PopopHyLLUM ........ 260 Pennsylvanicum .... 246
striatellum .. 187 Pelbatum! 24s sae s < 260 Persicaria .......-. 246
Sullivantiae 187 | PopoSPHAERA ......... 86 Persicaria albiflora.. 246
sylvaticum inp AST leucotricha ......... 86 punctatum ........- 246
turfacetim: s..cs2<ic 187 Ompacdtthae <rsa0cs 86 sagittatum ........- 247
PLANTAGINACEAE 357 tridactyla. 24s seer ss 86 SCandenS! .s.eac essex 247
PRANTAGO. 5 oedew cats 357 | PoposTEMON .......... 267 tenue .......... -. 246
aristata 357 Ceratophyllum ...... 267 Virginianum -. 246
lanceolata . 357 | PODOSTEMONACEAE 267 | Porymnia ......+-- .. 3880
MAJOK asp rcsienas ye wee 357 | PoposTROMA ... wie 105 Canadensis 380
Rugelii ............ 357] alutaceum ... 105| Canadensis radiata... 380
Virginiana ......... 357 |Poconatum ... 181) Uvedalia 380
PLASMOPARA ...-..-00 26] brevicaule ... ... 181 | Potymyces 121
Cubensis: gevevenaisiuere sieve 26:7 POGONTA 4. sexas s+... 285] cinereus 121
GOP gg x weawaes vax 26! ophioglossoides ..... 235 |PoLyPpopIuM ........-. 191
Halstedii scisesidcs 26| trianthophora ....... 236 | incanum ..seeeeeres 192
obducens ............ 26 verticillata ......... 235 | polypodiodes ....... 192
sibicolay nt sd sieeve ete 26'| POHLTA:. ax adecte un asad 179) vulgare ............ 191
VILICOla Sadi eee 8% 26 FIUCATIS) Gio eiceih Saaaares 179 vulgare biserrata.... 191
PLATANACEAE .... 272] PornsertrA .......... 295 | vulgare deceptum ... 191
PLATANUS ..... -» 2721 dentata ............ 295 |POLYPORACEAE ... 133
occidentalis 272 |POLEMONIACEAE .. 835 |Potyporus .........-- 134
PLATYGYRIUM .. - 183 |Poremonium ......... 336 GAUSTUS: ics ORO BS 135
repens ...... 183 cocruleum occ... eeee 336 arcularius .......... 134
PLEONECTRIA : TOS | Peptavis ecene gees 636 Berkeley <u cicaganss 136
denigrate «2 ssake.ss 105 Van Bruniae........ 336 brumalis .... ccs eee 134
Missouriensis 105 | Potycoprum 325 elegans: wn viet es 135
PLEOSPHAERIA 103 stamineum 325 fissus *.... 134
corticola ....... -+» 103 | PotycaLa 293 lactifluus 136
PLEURIDIUM 173 ambigua 293 nidulans 136
alternifolum .. 173 cruciata 293 Pilotae 136
PLEUROTUS 124 Curtissii 293 pocula ..... 135
COTtiCatUsy oes ns wee 124 fastigiata « 293 Polyporus 134
cyphelliformis «.. 124 Mariana ..... . 293 prolificans 138
MIUGVET! wi dhdjederes cd See ede) SNutialligy elas - 293 pubescens 138
petaloides 124] paucifolia 294 resinous 135
SAPIGUS: seuss nareee es 124 sanguinea 293 sulphureus .....c0ee 136
Serotinus sce senses 124 Sénega wavsmeis a vce 293 | wumbellatus ......... 136
PRUPEUS: sossac20:b sae aes 129 verticillata: 65 evens 293 OTIS: Rica tine By Weare a - 185
admirabilis ......... 129] viridescens ......... 293 |PoLyscyTALUM ....... 32
CELVINUS wane nmees ee 129] viridescens albiflora. 293 sericeum .......... 32
longistriatus ....... 129 |POLYGALACEAE ,.. 293)PoLysTicHUM ........ 195
PLICARIELLA ..eeeeeeaee 109 |POLYGONACEAE ... 245 acrostichioides ..... 195
MMR Ab AS, soarewvoamrsess 109 | PoLyconatuM 230 acrostichioides
SCabrosa ...-eeeeeee 109 biflorum ..... . 280 Schweinitzii ...... 195
PLOWRIGHTIA .--+-+-- 106 commutatum 230 |PoLystTicTUS ......... 138
MOLboSar sei wledsAdane es. 106 giganteum 230 abietinus ........... 1388
POA: 4 geuigr ere wiser 214 }PotyconuM .........- 246 | cinnabarinus ....... 138
478

TQWS MES! cater N a tichineGys
pergamenus
versicolor
PoLyTHELIS
fusca
PoLYTHRINCIUM
Pritolit, so: vases ees
POLYTRICHACEAE..
PoLyTRICHUM
commune
formosum
Ohioense
piliferum
tenue
POMACEAE
PopuLus
alba.
candicans
deltoides
grandidentata
monilifera
tremuloides
PorELLa

  

PINNGEG Sse G0 wae
platyphylla
» Porta
abducens
corticola
farinella
micans
nigra
obducens
sinuosa
tomentocincta
Tulipiferae
vaporaria
vulgaris
xantha
PoropIscuLUS
pendulus
PoRoTHELIUM
lacerum
PorTERANTHUS
stipulatus
trifoliatus
PoRTULACA
oleracea
PORTULACACEAE ..

PoraMOGETON
dimorphus
epihydrus
fluitans
lonchites
pectinatus
Spirillus

POTAMOGETON-
ACEAE

POTENTILLA

 

 

135

273
273
273
248
248
248

202
202
202
202
202
202
202

202

INDEX, LIVING FLORA.

 

 

 

' AV BUEG:. siqihaiss idasirate aie 276
k Canadensis ........ 277
Canadensis simplex... 277
Monspeliensis ...... 277
Norvegica ...0...00 277
MOCEA: - Fesiis 2 Hades lors seek 277
Sulphurea 2080. 3 din 277
POTERIUIME 2 oiesdasee. 5 G8 278
Canadense ......... 278
POTTIACEAE. 2. secs 177
PRENANTHES. seaisin'e servis 368
LUGS “icgeand isintlies eased wsdo 369
altissima ..... 368
serpentaria 369
PRIMULACEAE 327
PRIONOLOBUS ......... 167
Helleriantig. si. ces 167
PROPOLIS: gv eiye alesis AL.
fasinea: cos Sake tacos 117
Leoni — senesv civceny 117
PROSARTES «.. eee seen 230
lanuginosa ......... 230
PRUNELLA,  qagaog sc escis 342
VuleaAns wee wees 342
vulgaris albiflora 342
PRUNUS. o. cdeeuteocnsnees < 282
Americana ......... 282
angustifolia ........ 282
CHICAS: isco. desserts 282
Pennsylvanica ...... 282
S€rotind: aaa 4 eis a 282
Wirginiana -. ¢2 ceases 282
PSATHYVRELLA. G2 cs oa 133
disseminata ........ 133
PsEUDOHBLOTIUM ..... 111
fibrisedum ......... 111
PSEUDOPEZIZA ......0- 112
Medicaginis ........ 112
Tritelii” sees egeen se 113)
PSEUDOTAENIDIA ...... 316
MOMbANA: 4% ieenisnne si 316
PsEUDOVALSA 101
sigmoidea 101
sigmoidea 65
PRELEA. Geseeie-oe 292
trifoliata 292

| PTERIDIUM 192
aquilinum .......... 192
PLILIDIUM ieee crstene ae 169
pulcherrimum ...... 169
PTIEIUM sak he taeas B6 188
crista-castrenge .... 188
PUGCINTA: e-mned een: 09)
albiperidia: « oiccaass 82
ANCMONES 2 passa xs 86
Anemones-Virginiana. 82
ASPATARL,. | ses6 eer y 79
AStCRIS: aah wcannee es 80

 

 

Caricis
Caricis-Asteris
Chrysanthemi
Circaeae
Conoclinii
Convolvuli
coronata
Cyperi
Dayi
Eatoniae
Eleocharidis
emaculata ....
graminis
Helianthi
Heucherae
Hieracii
Impatientis
investita
lateripes
Lobeliae
malvacearum
Mariae-Wilsoni
Menthae
muhlenbergiae
obscura
orbicula
perminuta
Pimpinellae
poarum
Podophylli
Polygoni-amphibii
recedens
Rubigo-vera
Sambuci
Saxifragae
Sorghi
Smilacis
suaveolens
tenuis
Vernoniae
Veratri
Violae
Windsoriae
XNanthii
PUuccINIASTRUM
Agrimoniae
Hydrangeae
minimum
pustulatum
PULVEROBOLETUS
Ravenelii
_PYcNANTHEMUM
clinopodioides
incanum
lintfoliam
montanumr
muticum
Torreyi
Tullia

 

 

 

   
 

 

 

 

134
345
Virginianum
Pycnoporus
cinnabarinus .......
PREATOIS. ccaweagvoas se
intricata
WEMNINE oy iaveny sey
PYRENOPEZIZA ......05
laceratay. os dacuinic-s
PyrENOPHORA
calvescens
PyRENULA
glabrata: ccdeicuarecs
nitida ...
pachycheila
punctella ...
rhyponta
PYRENULACEAE
Pyroia
elliptica
rotundifolia ..
PYROLACEAE
PYROPOLYPORUS
chonchatus
igniarius ....
Robiniae
PYRUIARIA. sauces a ces
PUDETA, wes Sideee oe
Pyrus ......
Americana
angustifolia
arbuttfolia
arbutifolia melano-
carpa
COYONATIA ...eeeeee .
PyXINE
sorediata
QUAMASIA
hyacinthina ........
QUAMOCLIT ....0.665.
coccinea
QuERcUS
alba
acuminata
bicolor
coccinea
digitata
falcata
tlicifolia
imbricaria
macrocarpa ..
minor
Muhlenbergti ..
PLATA ssiciace: eleasievs
nigra
pagodaefolia
palustris
platanoides
Prinus

 

 

   
   
 
 

 

321

137
137

280
279
153
153
229
229
333
333
241
241
241
241
241
241
241
241
241
241
241
241
241
241
241
241
241

 

VIRGINIA GEOLOGICAL SURVEY

rubra
stellata
tinctoria
velutina
RADUEA. ic 5 vessels
complanta ......64..
MONAK fis o sarecase ee esses
Xalapensis .........
RapuLuM

Magnoliae .........
orbicuiare .........
RAMARIOA: sic0dysceqe
calcicaris fastigiata..
miniuscula .........

TASIM SY sp cccersices unset
RAMULARIA
Celastri

Taraxaci
Tulasnei
RANUNCULACEAE
RANUNCULUS .
abortivus
acris
Alleghaniensis
ambigens
bulbosus ...
fascicularis
hispidus
micranthus ...
obtusiusculus
Pennsylvanicus
recurvatus
1epens
soeleratus .........
septeritriotalis
RAPHANUS. vexeanv ease
sativus
RAPHIDOSTEGIUM .....
Carolinianum
Carolinianum
POUT 4 reese aaunsae
eylindrocarpum
Marilandicum
RAVENELIA
epiphylla
REBOULIA
OPp- acta a wow
RETICULARIA
‘Lycoperdon
RHABDOSPORA
Kalmiarum
RHABDOWEISIA
fugax
RHACOMITRIUM
aciculare
RHAMNACEAE
RHAMNUS
alnifolia

 

    

 

 

admix-

  

151

258
258
258
259
258
259
258
259
264
264
189
189

 

Caroliniana
lanceolata
RHEXIA «....

Virginica
RHIZINA
inflata
RHODODENDRON
Catawbiense
Madam < adies ees
REGS. sceen seater t oe
aromatica .........5
Canadensis
copallina
cotinoides
glabra ..
hirta
radicans
taxicodendron
typhina
venenata
Vernix
RHYNCHOSTEGIUM
dentissum .eccsseee
rusciforme .........
serrulatum .........
RHYTISMA
acerinum
decolorans
rind ° vin wee ecyielensoau
punctatum
RUBES? “Suter e seeale eu oe
Cynosbati
floridum
prostratum
rotundifolium
RICCARDIA
latifrons
multifida
pinguis
RIccia
canalicurara
RICCIACEAE
RICCTELLA :
fluitans . oes
Rrinopina
oreina ‘
sophodes .
ROBINIA
hispida
Pseud-Acacia
viscosa
RoriPa
Armoracia .........
Mispidar. acer) scascisnivacesare
Nasturtium ........
Obtusa: sane dees od
palustris ...........
sylvestris

 

  

 

 

 

 

  
 

 

296

297
189
Carolina
humilis
lucida
rubiginosa
rugosa
setigera ....
ROSACEAE
ROSELLINIA
abietina trichota
aquila
Cortictm sive ceaves
millegrana
pulveracea
subiculata
FRODATA wr sey aceatushars © statins
ramosior
RoziTEs
caperata
RUBIASEAE
RUBUS: fhe eiuiece 2 ane
Ayllegheniensis
Americanus
argutus
Baileyanus
Baileyanus frondosus
Canadensis
Canadensis roribaccus
Columbianus
hispidus
Millspaughii
nigrobaccus
occidentalis
odoratus
strigosus
triflorus
trivialis
villosus
villosus humifusus..
RupBEcKIA
fulgida
hirta

  

 

 

 

 

laciniata humilis
speciosa
triloba
RvELLIA
ciliosa
RUMEX! 4s 22
Acetosella
Brittanica es
conglomeratus ......
crispus
crispus x obtusifolius. .
obtusifolius
sanguineus
RuSsULA

 

309
309
130
130
357
273
275
273
274
274
274
275
275
274
276
274
274
272
274
274
273
276
274
274
381
381
381
381
381
381
381

 

INDEX, LIVING FLORA.

    

 

   

 

AdUSEA. cies vais oe 125
Gelica: gH s tse. 125
OMCTHCA: cease epececeed ee 125
fragilis 125
furcata 125
nigricans ...... 125
virescenw ...... 125
PTE ceanwa Beane 292
graveolens ..... 292
RUTACEAE 292
RYNCHOSPORA 219
glomerata ...... 219
GABBATOA 454s ssaeu «ea 330
anglais’ <s.ecxs ey 330
lanceolata ......... 330
SACCHAROMYCES 3 28
COLeVISAG: 2teains de on 28
mycoderma ........ 28
SACCHAROMYCE-
TACEARE, ‘wie accitiedctsoos 28
SAOCIUIUM ay cages EY 70
Witicolim: <svskese us 71
WAEISY Sec aecdoe gd nue eye 70
SACCOGYNA .....00000. 167
graveolens ......... 167
PACISR. oisanserneeen 251
procumbens ........ 251
WACEUTARTE. cu sxeeeug ne 202
angustifolia 203
atifolia. ...6cs4s 202
graminea ...... 203
SALICACEAE ... 237
SABO isleraigearcdeiers 238
alba-vitellina 238
amygdaloides ....... 238
Babylonica ........ 238
COLdata.. «cies saw ay ov 238
is€OlOr ssc tence. 4 238
humilis’ ees 3s ecasew de 238
MICKA Waa chet 238
nigra falcata ....... 238
S6TICEA avs oe cana es 238
SALOMONIA s4cceanass 230
Biflora. secs terse 230
ComMutata: ao. ccs wi 230
SAESOIA chadey se inniee 248
TrAgUS: ces cascada d 248
SAIVEA. ~ddansa de twed se 344
lynatan, <casarsanersduve 344
SAMBUCUS: cc. 200846 360
Canadensis: a4 cases i 360
PuUbeNs  <ecedos Bers 360
pubens albicocca 860
racemiosus 360
SAMOLUS ...... 327
floribundus 327
SANGUINARIA 261
Canadensis. 6.6 esseas 261

 

 

 

 

 

 

SANGUISORBA .......-- 278
Canadensis ......... 278
SANECULAL -i.sccjerdss ayscoue « 318
Canadensis ..... 318
Rreearla,. sis ans 318
Marilandica ..... 318
trifoliata. 6006. 318
SANTALACEAE 244
SAPINDACEAE 300
SAPONARIA ...... 249
officinalis .......... 249
SARCINELLA ...eee eee 42
heterospora ........ 42
SARCODON ...... ses inl 143
imbricatus ......... 143
SARCOSCYPHA ...... . 109
COCCIIER, sonar s wis 109
AG CCOSA; teins << hateiet 109
occidentalis ........ 109
ULE, conte eps oases: 109
SARCOSMA .oeeec ce veccs 116
Tulum seve vost < 116
SAROTHRA. ‘seceinacee viblices 306
gentianoides ....... . 806
SASSAFRAS 261
officinale 261
Sassafras 261
SAURURACEAE 287
SAURURUS 237
cernuus 237
SAXIFRAGA 269
CLO SOS 55 Gis Syeda arthansedones 269
micranthidifolia 269
Pennsylvanica ..... 269
Virginiensis ........ 269
SAXIFRAGACEAE 269
SGAPANTA, -arcnsdidiie winacindis 169
nemorosa .......+.- 169
undulata ........... 169
SCHEUCHZERIS ....... 202
palustris: ssccse<c va 202
SCHEUCHZERIA-
CHOATE soe carsaste oa tang 202
SCHIZOMYCETA-
CEAES wate auiaes song 27
ScCHIZOPHYLLUM ...... 128
ALME CH ad Seacsneagdearectes 128
COMMUNE: 2 csieered ese 128
SCURUOS asa cekady ys oa 218
Ameéricanus’ wick ss 46 218
atrovirens ......... 219
cyperinus .......... 219
debilis 218
eriophorum 219
lacustris 218
litteatus: ccs 219
polyphyllus 219
PUNEONS 25 s5 5 iis 218

 
WEST VIRGINIA GEOLOGICAL

sylvaticus
validus

Bovista
vulgare
ScLERODERRIS
pallidula
Rhabarbarina
ScLEROTINIA
fructigena
trifoliorum
tuberosa
SCOLEONECTRIA
scoleosperma
Scorras
spongiosa .....
ScorroMYcrs
Cragini
Scorteus

 

 

leporella
Marilandica
SCROPHULAR-
JACEAE
ScUTBLLARIA
Canescens ,..
cordifolia
galericulata
galericulata albiflora
incana
integrifolia
lateriflora
nervosa
parwula
pilosa
pilosa hirsuta
saxatilis
serrata .
versicolor. minor
Srepum
Nevii
pulchellum
telephiodes
Telephium
ternatum
SELAGINELLA
apus
rupestris
SELAGINELLACEAE.
SEMATOPHYLLA-
CEAE
SENECIO
antennariifolius
aureus
Balsamitae
obovatus
vulgaris

 

 

 

110
110
110
105
105
89
89
46
46
127

351
351
351

350
341
341
341
341
341
341
341
341
341
341
34]
341
341
~ 841
341
268
268
268
268
268
268
198
198
198
198

189
387
387
387
387
387

 

SEPTORIA
atro-purpurea
aciculosa
Brassicae
cornicula
Cornus-Maris
Helianthi
hyalina
kalmiaecola
Leptostachyae
Lobeliae
microsperma
Nabalf, ..s.434 <..0%84
Nolitangerae
ochroleuca
Polygonorum ...
Polymniae
psilostega
Rubi
Saxifragae
Scrophulariae
Smilacinae
Tecomae ...........
Trautvetteriae
Verbenae
Violae

SEPTOSPORIUM
Equisett sacs. < ssses

SERICOCARPUS
asteroides ..
linifolius

SETARIA_

 

 

 

glauca
imberbis
Italica
viridis
SIHERARDIA
arvensis
Sicyos
angulatus
Sipa j
hermaphrodita ..
Napaea
spinosa
SILENE
alba
antirrhina
Caroliniasa
WINER. - Pisco heed
Pennsylvanica
stellata
Virginica
SILvHIUM
Asteriscus ....
perfoliatum
trifoliatum
SIMARUBACEAE
Srrococcus

 

  
 

66
69
68
67
67
67
68
68
67
68
68
67
69
68
67
69
67
69
67
68
68
69
66
67
68
68
42

374

SURVEY

Tlalésiae: < eeicsa2 2 tars
S1syMERIUM
altissimum ..,
officinale
Thalianum ....
SISYRINCHIUM
anceps .
angustifolium
Bermudianum
graminoides
mucronatum
LURE: earcie ouernires
cicutaefolium
SMILACEAE
SMILACINA
bifolia Canadensis ..
Smriax
glauca
herbacea
hispida
Pseudo-China
rotundifolia
tamnifolia
SOLANACEAE
SoLanum
Carolinenss
Dulcamara
nigrum
rostratum
tuberosum
SoLEa
Concoler
SOLENIA
ochracea
villosa
SOLENOSTOMA
lanceolata
SoLrpaco
arguta
bicolor
Boottii ....
caesia
Canadensts
Curtisii
flexicaulis
juncea
juncea ramosa
juncea scabrella.....
lanceolata
latifolia
monticola
neglecta
nemoralis
odora
puberula
rugosa
rupestris

 

serotina

 

 

 

233

233
233
233
316
318
232
230
230
232
232
232
232
282
232
232
B47

347

165
165

372
373

373
482

serotina gigantea ...
speciosa ...
tenuifolia
ugliginosa .
ulmifolia
Soncuus
asper
oleraceus
SOR BUS! | s5:.54.2 Shissags cs onsae
Americana
SoRGHASTRUM
avenaceum .........
SPARGANIACEAE
SPARGANIUM
diversifolium acaule.
eurycarpum
SPARTINA
. cynosuroides
SPATHULARIA
clavata
velutipes ..
SPATHYEMA
foetida
SPECULARIA
perfoliata
SPEFRA
minor
SPERGULA
ABVENSIS: 2s giesine one
SPHACELOTHECA
Hydropiperis
SHAERELLA
conicola
Gaultheriae
infuscens ..........
maculiformis
nyssaecola
SPHAERIA

   

Kalmianum ........
SPHAEROCEPHALUS
heterostichus
SPHAEROGRAPHUM
Fraxini
hystericinum .......

SPHAEOPSIDEAE
SPHAERONEMA

acerinum
corneum
infuscans
Magnoliae
Physocarpi
~PHAEOPSIDEAE
SPHAEROPSIS
.\mpelopsidis
NSIMINAS gives
Asiminae fructigena.
Caryae
Celastrina

 

374
373
3T4

97

 

INDEX, LIVING FLORA.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Cerasina — oi. jh eked 62 iSTACHYLIDIUM ........ 35
Ipomoeae 62 caricinum 35
Linderae .. 61 | StacHys 343
Malorum .... 62 aSperas nis v anor y as (843
Menispermi 63 aspera glabra....... 344
Oenotherae 62 cordata 344
phomatella 62 palustris 343
Physocarpi 62 temtiifolia: sexes 42 sa 343
Sassafras 62 |STAGONOSPORA ......-+ 65
Sumachi . 62 collapsa 66
SPHAEROTHECA ....... 86] pedunculi 66
Castagter, xs ccusyeds ns 87 petiolarum ......... 65
RGM), Gusae a Sea G24 86 Physocarpi ......... 66
Humuli-fuliginea .... 87 | STAPHYLEA .........4. 299
Mial. ncccrasteearessesto neces 87 trifolia” s2.saci.% see 299
Mors-Uvae 2x ies os 87|STAPHYLEACEAE .. 299
PARMOSA. so56-5Zaysnegs ¥% 87 |STAURONEIS .......-.. 28
SPHAGNACEAE 172 Phoenicentron ..... 28
SPHAGNUM civcegewest 172 |STECCHERIUM ........ 142
cymbifolium ........ 17g] adustum ........... 142
cymbifolium squar- ochraceum ......... 14:
TUTOSUM oe: seacscoie ove 172 | STEGANOSPORIUM : 76
Girgensohnii ....... 172 Castaneae .......... 76
imbricatum affine ... 172] muricatum 76
Magellanicum ...... 172| piriforme ..... 76
quinquefarium ...... 172 |STEIRONEMA .... 327
MECUTMUM, , osdnalecatses 172] ciliatum ..... 327
SPHENOLOBUS ......... 167| Jlanceolatum 327
CROCUS cays opens’ 167| lanceolatum angusti-
Michauxii .......... 167 folium ........... 327
PHBGEES. coccsouaave 467 | SYEMERRTA cx cca gen cay 250
SPIRAEA: sossescoacce oe 272 WCDI! «2233.2 Skee cienncin 250
ATURCHS cia siiana c's 273 longifolia 250
betulifolia ......... 272 PUBCRE Sv ocsecses zs chal. 250
COLVINDOSA ..vreiaisvee-e « 272 |STENOPHRAGMA ....... 266
lobata 276 Thaliana 266
salicifolia 273 | STEPHANIA 170
tomentosa 273 | complanata ...... 170
Ulmaria 276 |STEREODON ........ 188
Virginiana 272) cupressiformis ... 188
SPIRANTHES 235 Curvigolius! sisdin esc 188
CCTWUAD ae axenes deletions 235 imponens 188
gracilts 235 recurvans 189
SPIRILLUM 28 |STEREUM ......4... 144
undula 28 acerinum 146
SPoRoBOLUS 210 albo-badium ........ 145
neglectus 210 complicatum ....... 145
vaginaeflorus ...... 210 fasciattin 2+ worn sao 145
SBOROGYBE: oo, ccealectsdeteee.¢ 43 frustulosum ........ 145
AZAleBeh. 8a adaeaome 43 hirsutum, 2s cca s as 145
RAOIS- occa ee peas % 43 lobatuins, -ca.0sauacas 145
SPORODESMIUM ....... 40 ochraceo-flavum 145
aurantiacum ....... 40 PIN Vesa ds Resa 145
CONCINNUM: wc escces 40 PUPPUREUM: 00ho ea 145
MOTILOPME.. foc savas 40 sanguinolentum 145
foruloides: waiiee seins 40.) Sericéum cs. ose ee 145
SPORODINIA ....-.+06- 26 sulphuratum ....... 145
Aspergillus ........ 26 CTIStE’ 2ccteas date dtad 145

 
WEST VIRGINI GEOLOGICAL SURVEY

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

versicolor 144
versiforme 145
STERIGMATOCYSTIS 33
MIOTAL Sac uscee-h ss 33
IS TRETA vic te o:c's widest atone 154
Crocata. 2scsscecs x38 154
CLOSay aisc.e Seis Shas 154
Ne rbaced i ssacsrsse.c ane 154
pulmonaria ........ 154
QueércizanS’ syecnsca. 154
STIGUNGCENE? snags tac 117
STICTIS ut bs Hee 17.
Aimbriata’: s-.csentacats 117
STILBACEAE 200.5 0% 42
STILBUM 42
erythrocephalum 42
flavipes ..... 42
magnum 42
vulgare ..... 43
STREMONTIS 30
ferruginea 30
LUSCA, - Sohsca eis sehen ee wt: 30
Smitha, tesa. oes ss 30
STREPTOCOCCUS ....... 28
pyogenes .......... 28
WREAE “agerian tame 28
STREPTOPUS ...-+.4--. 230
FOSEUS) iis sesiees was 230
STREPTOTHRIX .......-- 35
ALTA secansdeiere an de deudearer ai’ 35
STROBILOMYCES 134
strobilaceus 134
STROPHARIA ....---.05 132
semiglobata ........ 132
stercoraria ........-. 182
STROPHOSTYLES ......-. 290
helvolay -ayes.ddeesens 2-25 b 290
STYLOPHORUM 261
diphyllum ...... 261
STYLOSANTHES 287
biflora ...... 287
elatiar ..... 287
procumbens . 287
TIPATa) ase ee . 287
STYRACACEAE ..... 328
SYMPHORICARPOS .....- 362
orbiculata .......0e- 362
Symphoricarpos 362
SYMPHYTUM ...-..--- 338
officinale av scsi cas 338
SYMPLOCARPUS ...---- 223
foetidus ...eeeeeees 223
SYNANDRA ....- 343
hispidula 343
SyNCHYTRIUM 83
decipiens 83
SYNDESMON «eee eee ee 257
thalictroides ........ 257

 

thalictroides rosea...
SYNEDRA
ulna
SYNOSMA
suaveolens
SYNTHERISMA
linearis
sanguinalis
TAENIDIA
integerrima
TAGETES
patula
TANACETUM .
vulgare
TAPESIA
fusca
sanguinea
subiculata
deformans
Pruni
TAPINIA
panuoides
TARAXACUM
erythrospermum
officinale
Taraxacum
TAXACEAE
Taxus
baccata Canadensis..
Canadensis
TECOMA
radicans
TEICHOSPORA
nitida
TEPHROSIA

 

Virginiana
TETHRAPHIS
pellucida
TEUCRIUM
Canadense
THALESIA
uniflora
THALICTRUM
anemonoides
clavatum
diolcuMm. jesacceess
polygamum
purpurascens
Thamnium
Allegheniense
THASPIUM
barbinode
trifoliatum
trifoliatum aureum..
THELEPHORA
pedicellata
sebacea

 

 

127
127
366
367
366
366
201
201

102

181

259

 

THELEPHORACEAE,
THELIA
asprella
hirtella
‘THELOCHISTES
concolor
concolor effusa......
parietinus
THBELOTREMA
subtile
THEROFON
aconitifolium
THUIDIUM
delicatulum
microphyllum
minutuium
recognitum
scitum
Virginianum
THUJA
occidentalis
THYMELEACEAE
THYRONECTRIA
denigrata
Missouriensis
THYRSIDIUM
hedericolum Carpini.
TIARELLA
cordifolia
TIEDEMANNIA

 

rigida
TILIA
Americana
heterophylla
Michauxii
TILIACEAE.
TILLETIA
striaeformis
Tritici
TILMADOCHE
gyrocephala
nutans
viridis
TIPULARIA
unifolia
TITHYMALOPSIS
corollata
TITHYMALUS
commutatus
Cyparissias
Darlingtonii
Lathyrus
obtusatus
ToRTELLA
humilis
tortuosa
unguiculata
TorTULA

 

 

 

315

303

303
303
484

muralis
TORUUA. Sven ts
dimidiata
herbarum
ToxyLen
pomiterum
TRADESCANTIA
pilosa
Virginiana
TRAGOPOGON
porrifolius
TRAMETES
mollis
odorata
Ohioensis ..........
robineophila
Sepium

   

TRANZSCHELIA
Punctata;. oxi < sites soe
TRAUTVETTERIA
Carolinensis
palmata
TREMATOSPHAERIA
vitigena
TREMELLA
aurantia
frondosa
intumescens
virenS .......
TREMELLODON
gelatinosum
TRIADENUM
Virginicum
TRICHAEGUM
nodulosum
GRICHIA. doen .d eileen 43
chrysosperma
fallax. siveis. eotless.
proximella
TRICHOCOLEA
tomentella
TRICHODERMA
lignorum
TRICHOLOMA
AUTANUIS: , aesvee 8x0
fumoso-luteum

 

 

 

TUULONS: oceania
TRICHOPEZIZA
albo-lutea
capitata
TRICHOSPHAERTA
pulchrista
TRICHOSTEMA
dichotomum
TRICHOSTOMUM
pallidum

 

258

101
149
149

149

INDEX, LIVING FLORA.

  

 

  

 

   
   

 

TRICHOTHECIUM ...... 34, gracilis
POSSUM -paciiiess @auieeadens 34 |TYLOSTOMA .....
TRICUSPIS 212 mammosum
seslerioides 212 |TYMPANIS ....
TRIENTALIS 328 conspersa
Americana ......... 828 Oxydendri .........
ERIE OLIUM- Gisiais-od sana 285: TP HA: sesiins a eeeaan sa
GETGHIUM: Gace 8 es 286 latifolia: 2.23 sas ne. 8
ALVENSE. ccdcreited oamiois 285 | TYPHACEAE .......
AUREUT” wScivend wkivicast 286 | TYROMYCES ....-....--
hybridum: 4.60: wes 286 chioneus: cov cence es
Pratense: i345 ohare % 285 | undosus ..........-
procumbens ........ BOG WER, ceccessaie a bees ees
TOPCWS), tsi; Scvarvin he edisars 285 Europaeus .........
stoloniferum ....... 286 | ULMACEAE ........
Wirginicum: «22.256 285 ,ULMARIA .......e0 eee
TRILLIUM ..... 231 PUDTA. sod ace cuelcces. 220
cernuum 231 Ulitatial ea ccasniise ccs
SreCHM ances es Pel UEMUS giswantaes x aed
erectum album...... 231 Americana ......-..
erectum declinatum.. 431 PUVA Guede dc arninense’
erythrocarpum ...... 231 racemosa
grandiflorum ....... 231 |Unocotta ..... upper ks
Mivalé. ysiee2 sweeney < 231 | foliacea .......
SeSSile> z ncieeas sguee 2 OL UOTAL cchtuelevaldadadeen
undulatum ......... 231 Americana
TRIMMATOSTROMA ..... 48 Huichinsiae
Americana ......... 48 Ludwegii ..........
TRIODIA. oy se2 ee eates 212) ulophylla ...........
CUPTER cos hacen 35 eres 212 | UMBELLIFERAE
TRIOSTEUM ...-++-- +++ 361 | UmprLicaRIA ......-.-
perfoliatum ........ 361 Millenit. 0G cusses
TRIPHORA ...-seeee eee 236.) Muhlenbergii ......
trianthophora ...... 236 | papulosa .........05
TRIPSACUM ..,----++-5 203 Pennsylvanica .....
dactyloides ......... 203 pustulata ..........
Trocra Seema Sees 128 UMBILICARIACEAE.
CHISPa?  oicainead salves 128 TINGENUER Ledea tec.
TRYPETHELIACEAE, 162 Americand ...cceces
Trypethelium ......... 162 Ampelopsidis .......
exocanthum ........ 162 SIPORSTS oc ce sean nds
WIDENG ooo cena Homes 162 geniculata .........
TSUGA. sioner ccerte ese 201 macrospora ........
Canadensis ......... 201 necator
TUBARIA. woscages esas 130 parvula
furfuracea ......... 130 | UnrrotIuM .......00
TUBERCULARIA ......0+ 44 Canadense
Celastel ax ectioun asec 44 racemosum
hamata. ...se4s 95.005 44 /UnroLa ......-
DSAMDWED sinesa s neias 44 latifolia ........
VUIGALIS) ceo ne ee cone 44 | UREDINACEAE
TUBERCULARIACEAE 44]|Urepo ........
TUBERCULINA 45 Agrimoniae
persicina 45 Bigelowtr
‘TUBULINA: sewn 30 Medusae ......
cylindrica 80 URNUDA ae kaned ee nae
TYLOPILUS 4 s.0 0854 255% 133 CKateniuM. 2550-2 sie
alboaster’ c.siunvss ne Hae (URHEVSTIS: coneda cocew

 

 

 

284

276

149

178

153
153
153
153
153
153
153

87
Anemones .........
UrRoMYcES ....
Agropyri
appendiculatus
Caladii

CHUSUS pieced wigs
Hedysari-paniculati
Howei
Hyperict ....
Lespedezae
Polygont
Silphii ...
Terebinthi .........
Trifolit ....
Urrtica
gracilis
UT ENS ois ceorausneethaivece
URTICACEAE ......
UORTICASTRUM 4 cssxs vx
divaricatum
USNEA
barbata
barbata florida......
trichodes

USNEACEAE

USTILAGINACEAE
UsrtiLaco
anomala
Avenae
Avenalaevis
cesati
laevis
Maydis
perennans
segetum
tricuspidis
Tritici
Tritici
utriculosa
Zeae
USTULINA
vulgaris
UTRICULARIA
biflora
cornuta
Uvuraria
grandiflora
perfoliata
puberula
sessilifolia
VACCARIA

Vaccaria
VACCINIACEAE
VaccINIUM

Canadense

corymbosum

erythrocarpum

 

WEST VIRGINIA GEOLOGICAL SURVEY

1%
73
V7
7
79
G7
79
78

 

 

macrocarpon ....... 326
MUCTONALUM sevseeee 298
MIQTUMS sccciaead deaneee 326
pallidum: .cseaete ce sceeee 326
Pennsylvanicum 326
stamineum ......... 325
vacillang: ..dascascnaaen 326
VIAGNIERA, | syjnire Gncveeavere yada ~30
Hacemosal. sxweria eras: 230
WAGINATAS 8 ott cc Sapnises 121
Vaginata 121
VALERIANA 362
pauciflora .......... 362
VALERIANACEAE 862
VALERIANELLA .....465 362
chenopodifolia ...... 362
VALLISNERIA ....---6- 203
SPILALIS as weeds cs tees 208
VALLISNERIACEAE. 203
NEAESAL. sscdusiietaestavend ace sees 90
Abietis: .sqssis Owens 91
albopuncta ......... 91
ambiens \...:42 3006655 91
CONYIZONE cnnced eo sces 60, 64
ceratophora ........ 90
Chionanthi ......... 91
Coronata saci eevee 91
DiOSpyTh oasis oe eseds 90
etherialis .......... 90
goniotoma ........4 61
leucostoma ......... 92
Lindeérae: ccc. eee 92
INVSSAC! » aceutvave io drains 91
PAUPETAtA wie cers s 92
praestans ........ . 91
subclypeata ........ 91
MBS aie disnsee es: anny: 91
VALSARIA see eee eters 100
exasperans ......... 100
VENENARIUS .....-..- 131
muscarius .......... 131
VERATRUM ..ee eee eee 226
VILIdE. Sicsiinn. snared 2 226
VERBASCUM ...++e.5-- 350
Blattaria. .253ds0%3 350
Lychinitis ......... 350
Thapsus: see <deenyews 350
VERBENA ..ee eee ee eee 340
angustifolia ........ 340
hhastata:  axerasad ea 340
officinalis .......... 340
urticaefolia ........ 340
VERBENACEAE 340
VERBESINA .....-+--5. 383
alternifolia ......... 383
occidentalis ........ 383
VERMICULARIA ..-eeeee 57
ARCLL ¢ fascian-orsierecs a 57
compacta ........-.. 57

dematium
liliacearum ....
petiolarum ....
phlogina
subeffigurata
subeffiigurata
cola
Toxica
Trautvetteriae
VERNONIA
altissima
gigantea .
maxima ...
maxima pubescens...
Noveboracensis
Noveboracensis latifo-
lia
‘VERONICA
Americana
Anagallis-aquatica
arvensis
LEpPTANDRA
officinalis .
peregrina
serpyllifolia
Virginica
VERRUCARIA
fuscella
punctella
VERRUCARIACEAE .
VERTICILLIUM
osteophilum
puniceum
‘VIBRISSEA
truncorum
ViIBURNUM
acerifolium
alnifolium
cassinoides
dentatum
lantanoides
Lentago
Opulus Americanum.
nudum
prunifolium
VIcIA
Caroliniana
| VIOLA
affinis
affnis x cucullata...
alsophila
amoena
Blatidas ec esuane weave
Canadensis
canina Muhlenbergit.
conspersa
cucullata
fimbriatula
hastata

scapin-

 

 

 

370
352
352
352
352
353
352
352
352
353
162
162
162
162

33

33

108
108
360
360
369
361
361
486

hirsutula
Labradorica
lanceolata
Muhlenbergii Labrad-
orica
palmata
papilionacea
pedata
pedata bicolor...
primulaefolia
pubescens
Rafinesquei
rostrata

 

 

 

sagittata
scabriuscula
sororia
striata
tenella
triloba
villosa
VIOLACEAE
VITACEAE
Viris
aestivalis
bicolor

Mulilegacgess

 

 

 

307
308
307

‘308

306
307
306
306
307
307
308
308
307
307
308
307
308
308
308
307
306
302
308
302
302

INDEX, LIVING FLORA.

AGAR SG! SS EA GH Be Ses 303
ab rustars. ss -tvsesievasiaee 802
rotundifolia: ascaicccn 302
EUpestriss swsas neg aac 302
VuUlpina. gong ee Se 302
MOLUTELLAy sie ieatads ba 46
CUIAPAE sires. cnn: sescatien arecSe 46
ViOLVARIA: coy sate 'g eae 128
bonibycina <2s.c9.s5 128
hy popyta: . cosasads: ste 129
WALDSTEINIA ....+..-- 277
fragarioides ........ 277
WASHINGTONIA ....... 318
Claytont ouas a ce lusa 318
longistylis ......... 819
WEBERA zis awneeveees 181
proligera. swiss. sess 181
SESSIIS ie ss2tnavecese erotics 181
WEBERACEAE ......
WEISER Soa ey sah wens
Americana ........
MOPUVNG: niet Sore -he8 8
VMiTidalas cashenat aves
WOODSIA, -s-ciscaienanires 196
ODtUSA! + case's ee Nadie s 196
XNANTHIUM 369
Canadense 369

 

 

 

commune
glabratum
strumarium
spinosum
XANTHORRHIZA
apiifolia

XANTHOXYLUM
Americanum
XOLISMA
ligustrina
ligustrina pubescens.

XYLARIA
corniformis
Cornu-Damae
flabelliformis
Hypoxylon
polymorpha

 

ZYGODESMUS
graminicola
pannosus
tiliaceus

  
 
WEST VIRGINI.L GEOLOGICAL SURVEY 487

SUMMARY OF PART I. °

Genera. Species.

 

Pin Sy “Clee aah gales ise nt bas oe sao 430 1330
PACHOMES. sscvtprc ead eatemecha add nih oeae Beas 39 176

hallephyta,. €teh. s.asseeekc wae os . 469 1506
HIG paticaes seein erate wae ask ae nee eS 48 78
NIMISOT: eof elses ek ad utes conte occ Ps Seosuantea as 68 7a
SPhaenaceae> io cen ntde sie Pade Re eee 2 8

 

BO pl Mlal Ge ate DNGo, Ara Us aca as green. Be deed 118 257
EQuisitae: 43 cen. voxernaies ¢e Se eee ek I 4
PAGES cc hes caste cee esha Sra de euch egsnsuaet heb 16 43
Ophioglossaceae .......--0 eee eee ee eee Ss 2 7
TL yeopodiacede va raix exe Soren aeieweea nthe I 6
Selasinellacede:) .cvavcahhoasies 4 Gravee sears alangoahs I 2

Ptéridophy ta. 1:45 se.svacea eee. 21 62
CyMMOSPErMae) Gacesy nas gniiee sees 8 15
Nionocotyledonde: 5 sscoceks i esesaeuk 118 347
DicotvledOnde: 22 ccac nae Geeed oneness 476 1224

Arnthio phivibar: oasis. eae hy Sateen leant 602 1586

Total number of species, varieties and forms detected in the
State to the date of this Flora.......... 0 ......... 3411
INDEX TO PART II.

A

ALETHOPTERIS
aquilina, 407, 446
ambigua, 408, 435
decurrens, 407, 438
Evansii, 408, 434
gigas, 409, 450
grandifolia, 408, 430
lonchitica, 407, 434, 438
Massilionis, 408, 438
pennsylvanica, 408, 443
Serlii (Brongn), 408, 438,

445

Serlii var. americana, 408,
434

Serlii var. europeae, 408,
434

sp.?, 409, 4380, 432

virginiana, 408, 450
ALLEGHENY FORMA-

TION, Plants from, 442

ANEIMITES

Adiantites, 393

adiantoides, 393, 430

fertilis, 393, 430

sp., 430

sp.?, 893

tenuifolius, 393, 431
ANNULARIA

acicularis, 418, 439

carinata, 419, 452

cuspidata, 418, 435

minuta, 419, 452

radiata, 418, 434, 439, 452

ramosa, 418, 432, 440

sphenophylloides, 418, 440,

444, 452

sp.?, 419, 432

stellata, 418, 440, 444, 452
APHLEBIA

filiciformis, 415, 447, 452
laciniata, 415

laciniatum, 451

lactuca, 415, 452
speciosissima, 415, 452
spinosa, 415, 431

ARCHAEOPTERIS
alleghaniensis, 392, 429
Bockschiana, 398
Bockschianus, 429
n, sp.?, 898, 435
stricta, 398, 435

ASTEROCALAMITES
scrobiculatus, 416, 431, 432

ASTEROPHYLLITES
equisetiformis 417, 439
erectifolius, 418, 434
gracilis, 417, 434
‘lycopodioides, 417, 4389
minutus, 417, 430, 432,

435, 439
rigidus, 418, 439
sp., 430
sp.?, 417

BAIERA
virginiana, 425, 453
BETULA
nigra, 429, 453
BOTHRODENDRON
minutifolium, 421, 440
sp.?, 421, 440

Cc

CALAMITES
approximatus,
435, 439
cannaeformis, 416, 432
Cistii, 416, 489, 444
ramosus, 417, 439
Roemeri, 416, 434
sp.?, 417, 432
Suckowi, 416,
CALAMITINA
sp.?, 417, 439
CALAMODENDRON
sp.?, 417, 439
CALAMOSTACHYS
lanceolata, 419, 432
ramosus, 419, 440

417, 434,

439, 452

 

sp.?, 435

CALLIPTERIDIUM
inaequale, 409, 443
sp., 434
sp.?, 409

CALLIPTERIS
conferta, 409, 450
currentiensis, 409, 451
frondosa, 409
lyratifolia, 451

lyratifolia var. coriacea,
409

CARDIOCARPON
bicuspidatum, 426, 435,
436

cornutum, 426, 436

elongatum, 426, 435

minor. 426, 435, 442
CARDIOPTERIS
frondosa, 430
CARMICHAELS CLAY,
Fossils from, 453
CARPOLITHES

bicarpus, 428, 453

ellipticus, 428, 445

fragarioides, 428, 442

marginatus, 428, 453

sp., 430

sp.?, 428, 433
CASTANEA

pumila, 429, 453
CAULOPTERIS

elliptica 415, 451

gigantea, 415, 451
CHEILANTHITES

nummularius, 395, 436

obtusilobus, 395, 445

obtusilobus var. dilatata,

395, 436

solidus, 395, 445

squamiosus, 395, 442, 446

trifoliolatus, 394, 436
CLARK FORMATION,

Plants from, 430
CONEMAUGH FORMA

 

TION, Plants from, 445
WEST VIRGINIA GEOLOGICAL SURVEY

CORDAICARPON
cinctum, 426, 442
circulare, 442
circularis, 426
Gutbieri, 426, 446

CORDAITES
borassifolius, 425, 441
crassinervis, 425, 453
Robbii, 425, 431, 435

CYPERUS
sp.?, 428, 453

D

DICKSONITES

Pluckeneti, 447
DIPLOTHMEMA

Jacquoti, 395

pachyderma, 395, 447
DUNKARD FORMATION,

Plants from, 447

E

EQUISETITES
elongatus, 416, 452
occidentalis, 416, 431, 432
rugosus, 415, 452
striatus, 416, 452

EQUISETUM
arvense L., 428, 453

EREMOPTERIS
artemisiaefolia, 393, 436
Cheathami, 394, 433
decomposita, 394, 433
elegans, 394, 431, 433
lincolniana, 394, 436
macilenta, 394, 430, 433
microphylla, 394, 431
n. sp., 436
Sauveuri, 394, 436
solida, 442
sp.?, 394, 435

F
FAGUS

ferruginea, 429, 453

G

GUILIELMITES
orbicularis, 428, 453

H

HALONIA
sp.?, 423, 433

 

K

KANAWHA FORMATION,
Plants from, 436

L

LEPIDOCYSTIS
obtusus, 441
siliqua, 429
vesicularis, 424, 441, 445,
446

LEPIDODENDRON
acuminatum, 422, 432, 440
Brittsii, 421, 440
clypeatum, 422, 441
dichotomum, 422, 441
lanceolatum, 422, 440
magnum, 422
modulatum, 422, 441, 444
obovatum, 422, 441
rushvillense, 421, 436
scrobiniforme, 421, 429
selaginoides, 421, 431
Sternbergii, 422, 432, 434
Veltheimianum, 422,

440

LEPIDOPHLOIOS
laricinus, 422, 441
sp.?, 428, 445

LEPIDOPHYLLUM
acuminatum 428, 441
brevifolium, 428, 445
Campbellianum, 424,

441
cultriforme, 424, 441
hastatum, 424, 445
Jenneyi, 423, 445
lanceolatum, 424, 441
oblongifolium, 423, 445
sp.?, 424, 488, 485, 486

LEPIDOSTROBUS
ornatus, 428, 441
Salisburyi, 423, 441
sp.?, 441
sp. nov., 423
variabilis, 423,

441

LESCUROPTERIS
adiantites, 414
adiantoides, 451
Moorii, 414, 447

LINOPTERIS
obliqua, 414, 444

LIQUIDAMBAR
styraciflua, 429, 453

LYCOPODITES
Meekii, 421, 440

433,

433, 436,

432, |

 

489

n. sp., 421, 432
pendulus, 421, 446
simplex, 421, 440

-

M

MACROSTACHYA
sp., 434
sp.?, 419

MARIOPTERIS
acuta, 396, 435, 436
Andraena, 396, 437
dimorpha, 396, 431
inflata, 396, 436
Jacquoti, 436
latifolia, 396, 431, 436
muricata, 396, 433,
436
nervosa, 396, 437, 442, 445
Newberryi, 397, 442
pottsvillea, 395, 431, 433
pottsvillea var., 396
pygmaea, 396, 435
Sillimanni, 396, 442, 445
sphenopteroides, 397, 437,
443 d
spinulosa, 397, 446
MEGALOPTERIS
Dawsoni, 409, 432
Hartii, 410, 434
sewellensis, 410, 432, 434
sp.?, 409, 435
MONONGAHELA FORMA-
TION, Plants from, 446

435,

N

NEMATOPHYLLUM
angustum, 418, 452
NEUROPTERIS
Agassizi, 413, 444
auriculata, 4138, 451
biformis, 411, 434
callosa, 412, 447
Carrii, 412, 439
Cistii, 412, 439
cordata, 413, 451
crenulata, 418, 447
dictyopteroides, 412, 4651
Elrodi, 411, 431
fimbriata, 412,
451
flexuosa, 411, 438
Gibbosa, 412, 451
gigantea, 411, 439
Grangeri, 412, 447
Lindleyana, 411, 432

444, 446,
490

u. sp. No. 1, 413
odontopteroides, 413
ovata, 411, 439, 444, 446,

451 *
Planchardi var. longifolia,
411, 451 .
plicata, 412
Pocahontas, 410, 4380

rarinervis, 411, 439, 443
Scheuchzeri, 413, 439, 444,
446, 447
Schlehani, 410, 434
Smithii, 410, 430, 482
sp.’, 418, 434, 435
tenuifolia, 411, 430
vermicularis, 412, 444
Zeilleri, 418, 439
NUTTALL SANDSTONE,
Plants from, 435

oO

ODONTOPTERIS
aequalis, 414, 444
densifolia, 414, 451
gracillima, 415, 434, 435
nervosa, 414, 451
neuropteroides, 414, 432
Newberryi, 414, 434
obtusiloba var. rarinervis,

414, 451
Reichiana, 415, 451
subcuneata, 414, 444
Wortheni, 414, 444

OLIGOCARPIA
alabamensis, 401, 438
sp.?, 401, 438

P

PALAEOXYRIS
appendiculata, 428, 442

PECOPTERIS
angustipinna, 405, 449
arborescens, 404, 449
arborescens var. integripin-

na, 404

arguta, 404, 449
aspera, 403, 438
asplenioides, 405, 449
Callipteridium, 407, 450
Candolleana, 404, 449
crenulata, 406, 438
Dawsonianiana, 407, 450
dentata, 402, 443

dentata var. parva, 405, 448
dentata var. crenata, 403,

448
elegans, 404, 449

 

INDEX, FOSSIL FLORA.

elliptica,
450

emarginata, 403, 448, 448

Germari, 402, 448

403, 407, 448,

Germari var, crassinervis,
“402, 448

Germari var.  cuspidata,
402, 448

Goniopteris, 403, 404, 448,
449
Goniopteroides, 404, 449

grandifolia, 407, 450
Heeriana, 405, 449

imbricata, 405, 449
inclinata, 405, 449
integra, 406, 438
Jenneyi, 406, 446
lanceolata, 405, 449
latifolia, 406, 450
longifolia, 403, 448
Merianopteroides, 406, 450
microphylla, 404, 449
Miltoni, 406, 448, 446, 450
Newberryana, 403, 448
nodosa, 404, 447
notata, 406, 446
oblonga, 403, 448
oblongifolia, 407, 450
odontopteroides, 407, 450
oreopteridia, 405, 448, 446,
449
ovoides, 406, 450
pachypteroides, 403, 448
pennaeformis var. latifolia,
404, 449
platynervis, 405, 449
plumosa, 402, 435, 438
Pluckeneti, 402, 448
Pluckeneti var. constricta,
402, 448
pblymorpha, 406, 446, 450
pteroides, 406, 450
rarinervis, 405, 449
rotundifolia, 406, 450
rotundiloba,. 405, 449
Schimperiana, 405, 449
serrulata, 402, 434
sp.?, 406, 407, 446,
450
subfalcata, 405, 449
tenuinervis, 405, 449
unita, 403, 407, 443, 445,
446
unitum, 450
vestita, 404, 443
villosa, 404, 438, 443, 446

449,

PLATANUS

 

occidentalis, 429, 453

POACORDAITES
sp.?, 425, 442
POCONO FORMATION,
Plants from, 429
POTAMOGETON
Robbinsii, 429, 453
PRINCETON CONGLOM-
ERATE, Plants from,
430
Q
QUERCUS
falcata, 429, 453
QUINNIMONT FORMA-
TION, Plants from, 431

R

RHABDOCARPOS

amygdalaeformis, 427, 442

Bockschianus, 427, 442

multistriatus, 426, 442

n. sp., 439

oblongatus. 427, 453

sp.?, 427, 433

sp.. 431, 435

sulcatus, 427, 442

tenax, 426 442

>
SAPORTAEA
grandifolia, 426
salisburioides, 426, 453
SEWELL FORMATION,
Plants from, 433
SIGILLARIA
approximata, 425, 453
Brardii, 425, 453
camptotaenia, 424, 445
dentata, 425, 433
fissa, 424, 441, 446
ichtyolepis, 425, 441
Menardi, 424, 447
reticulata, 424, 435, 441
sp.?, 425, 433
SPHENOPHYLLUM
angustifolium, 420, 452
antiquum, 419, 434

cuneifolium, 435, 440
densifolium, 421, 452
emarginatum, 419, 446, 444
filiculme, 420, 452
Fontaineaum, 420, 452
furcatum, 420, 440
Lescurianum, 419, 440
longifolium, 420, 452
majus, 420, 444, 445, 446
oblongifolium, 420, 452
tenue, 420, 432
tenuifolium, 420, 452
Thoni, 420, 452
WEST

SPHENOPTERIS
acrocarpa, 401, 448
auriculata, 400, 448
breviloba, 400, 447
Broadheadi, 400, 438
canneltonensis, 401, 438
chaerophylloides, 400, 44%
communis, 401, 433
Crepini, 402, 438
Crossotheca, 397, 402, 438,

443, 445
Cymoglossa, 447
delicatula, 399, 437
dentata, 400, 447
dicksonoides, 399, 431
distans, 398, 430
divaricata, 398, 431
dubuissonis, 399, 437
elegans, 397, 437
flexicaulis, 399, 433
foliosa, 400, 448
formosa, 400, 447
furcata, 397, 435, 437
geniculata, 398, 437
Goepperti, 398, 431
hastata, 401, 448
Hildrethi, 398, 437
Hoeninghausi, 398,

431
hymenophylloides, 399, 437

430,

 

VIRGINIA GEOLOGICAL

karwinensis, 399, 437

Larischii, 399, 433

Lescuriana, 400, 448

linearis, 398, 435

Linkii, 399, 487

lobata, 400, 447

microcarpa, 400, 432, 433,
437

minutisecta, 400, 445, 447

mixta, 401, 438

obtusifolia, 447
obtusiloba, 400

ophioglossoides,
438, 448, 445
pachynervis, 401
patentissima, 397, 431
pinnatifida, 399, 443
rarinervis, 398, 430
Renaultia, 400, 432, 437
Royi, 397, 433
Sagittatus, 402, 443
schatzlarensis, 400, 437
spinosa, 397, 437
sp.?, 401, 430, 448
stipulata, 401, 443
subgeniculata, 398, 430
tenella, 399, 437
tracyana, 399, 437
trichomanoides, 398, 437

397, 402,

SURVEY 491

aL
TAENIOPTERIS
Lescuriana, 410, 451
Newberriana, 410, 451
Newberriana var, angusta,
410, 451

TRIGONOCARPUM
ampullaeforme, 427, 442
clavatum, 427
Noeggerathii, 428, 442
oliviaeforme, 427, 435
triloculare, 427, 435

TRILETES
sp.?, 425, 4386
TRIPHYLLOPTERIS
Lescuriana, 393, 429
virginiana, 898, 429
U
ULMUS
racemosa, 429, 453
ULODENDRON

majus, 423, 441
sp.?, 428, 433

Ww
WHITTLESEYA

 

zeilleria, 399, 437

elegans, 426, 435
 

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