IMAGE EVALUATION 
 TEST TARGET (MT-3) 
 
 /. 
 
 
 
 & 
 
 fA 
 
 1.0 
 
 ■ T5 
 
 
 
 1.8 
 1.6 
 
 II 
 
 1.25 
 
 It lis 
 
 u 
 
 u ^ 
 
 1 
 1.4 1 
 
 
 4W %'''^ 
 
 
 Photographic 
 
 Sdences 
 Corporation 
 
 S 
 
 ^ 
 
 m 
 
 V 
 
 s> 
 
 «' 
 
 ^ 
 
 ^''. 
 
 
 C^ 
 
 n WEST MAIN STREET 
 
 WEBSTER, N.Y. 14580 
 
 (716) 872-4503 
 
 
.^ 
 
 CIHM/ICMH 
 
 Microfiche 
 
 Series. 
 
 CIHM/ICMH 
 Collection de 
 microfiches. 
 
 Canadian Institute for Historical Microreproductions / Institut Canadian de microreproductions historiques 
 
 ©1987 
 
Technical and Bibliographic Notes/Notes techniquos et bibliographiques 
 
 The Institute has ottempted to obtain the best 
 original copy available tor filming. Features of this 
 copy which may be bibliographically unique, 
 which may alter any of the images in the 
 reproduction, or which may significantly change 
 the usual method of filming, are checked below. 
 
 L'Institut a microfilme le meilleur exemplaire 
 qu'il lui a ete possible de se procurer Les details 
 do cat exemplaire qui sont peut-^tre uniques du 
 point de vue bibliographiqua, qui peuvent modifier 
 une image reproduite. ou qui peuvent exiger une 
 modification dans la methods normale de filmage 
 sont indiqu^s ci-dessous. 
 
 □ Coloured covers/ 
 Couverture de couleur 
 
 □ Coioiired pages/ 
 Pages da couleur 
 
 I I Covers dameged/ 
 
 Couverture endommagee 
 
 D 
 
 Pages damaged/ 
 Pages endommagees 
 
 I I Covers restored and/or laminated/ 
 
 I I Couverture restaur^e et/ou pelliculee 
 
 n Cover title missing/ 
 
 ^_ Le t'tre de couverture marque 
 
 I 1 Pdges restored anrt/or laminatea/ 
 
 I i Pages restaurees et/ou pelliculees 
 
 I — T^Pages discoloured, stained or foxed/ 
 I V ^ Pages d^colorees, tachet^es ou piquees 
 
 D 
 
 a 
 
 Coloured maps/ 
 
 Car.as gAographiques en couleur 
 
 Coloured ink (i.e. other than blue or black)/ 
 Encre da couleur (i.e. autre que bleue ou noire) 
 
 □ Pages detached/ 
 Pages lietachees 
 
 \~p( Showthrough/ 
 ^L-i Transparence 
 
 □ Coloured plates and/or Illustrations/ 
 Planches et/ou illustrations en couleur 
 
 □ Quality of print varies/ 
 Quality inAgale de I'lmpression 
 
 D 
 
 Bound with other material/ 
 ReilA avec d'autres documents 
 
 □ Includes supplementary material/ 
 Comprend du materiel supplementaire 
 
 n 
 
 D 
 
 Tight binding may cause shadows or distortion 
 along interior margin/ 
 
 Lareliure serree peut causer de I'ombre ou de la 
 distorsion le long de la marge interieure 
 
 Blank leaves added during restoration may 
 appear within the text. Whenever possible, these 
 have been omitted from filming/ 
 II se peut que certaines pages blanches ajout^es 
 lors dune restauration apparaissant dans la texte. 
 mais. lorsque cela Atait possible, ces pages n'ont 
 pas AtA film^es. 
 
 □ Only edition available/ 
 Seule Edition disponible 
 
 D 
 
 Pages wholly or partially obscured by errata 
 slips, tissues, t*tc., have been refilmed to 
 ensure the best possible image/ 
 Les pages totalement ou partiellement 
 obscurcies par un feuillet d'errata. une pelure. 
 etc., erst ^td film^es d nouveau de facon a 
 obtenir la meilleure image possible 
 
 □ 
 
 Additional comments:/ 
 Commentaires supplementaires: 
 
 Thi;i ftem is filmed at the reduction ratio checked below/ 
 
 Ce document est filmA au taux de reduction indiquA ci-dessous. 
 
 lOX 
 
 
 
 
 14X 
 
 
 
 
 18X 
 
 
 
 
 22X 
 
 
 
 
 26X 
 
 
 
 
 30X 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 7 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 1 
 
 12X 
 
 16X 
 
 20X 
 
 24X 
 
 28X 
 
 32X 
 
Th« copy filmed her* has b««n raproducsd thanks 
 to tha ganarosity of: 
 
 L'axampiaira fHrn^fut raproduit grAca k \a 
 ginirositi da: 
 
 Archives of Ontario 
 Toronto 
 
 Tha imagas appaaring hara ara tha bast quality 
 possibia considering tha condition and legibility 
 of tha original copy and in Icaeping with tha 
 filming contract spactftcatiuns. 
 
 Archives of Ontario 
 Toronto 
 
 Lea imagas suivantas ont iti raproduitas avac la 
 plus grand soin, compta tanu da la condition at 
 da la nattat* da raxamplaira filmA. et en 
 conformity avac lea conditions du contrat da 
 filmaga. 
 
 Original copies in printed paper covers are filmed 
 beginning with the front cover and ending on 
 t>e last page with a printed or illustrated impres> 
 sion, or the back cover when appropriate. All 
 other original copies ate filmed beginning on the 
 first page with a printed or illustrated impres- 
 sion, and ending on the last page with a printed 
 or illustrated impression. 
 
 Laa axemplairea originaux dont la couverture en 
 papier est imprimte sont filmAs an commenpant 
 par le premier plat et en terminant soit par la 
 demiAra page qui comporte ^ne en-ipreinte 
 d'impression ou d'illustration. soit par le second 
 plat, selon la cas. Toun les autras sxempiairae 
 originaux sont filmte en commenqant par la 
 premiAre page qui comporte une empreinte 
 dimpression ou d'illustration et an terminant par 
 la darniire page qui comporte une telle 
 empreinte. 
 
 The last recorded frame on each microfiche 
 shall contain the symbol ^^ (meaning "CON- 
 TINUED"), or the symbol V (meaning ' END"), 
 whichever applies. 
 
 Un des symboles suivants apoaraitra sur la 
 damiire image de cheque microfiche, selon le 
 caa: le symbols — ^ signifie "A SUIVRE", le 
 symboie V sicnifie "FIN". 
 
 Maps, plates, charts, etc.. may be filmed at 
 different reduction ratios. Those too large to be 
 entirely included in one exposure are filmed 
 beginning 'n the upper left hand comer, left to 
 right and top to bonom, as many frar as as 
 required. The following diagrama illustrate tha 
 method: 
 
 Lea cartes, planches, tableaux, ate. peuvent dtre 
 filmte i des taux de rMuction diff Arents. 
 Lorsque le document est trop grand pour Atre 
 reproduit an un seul ciichA, il est filmA i panir 
 da Tangle sup^riaur gauche, de gauche i droite. 
 et de haut en baa, en prenant le nombre 
 d'images nicassaira. Las diagrammes suivants 
 illustrent la mdthode. 
 
 1 2 3 
 
 1 
 
 2 
 
 3 
 
 4 
 
 5 
 
 6 
 
1 
 
 THE RECIPROCITY DEBATE. 
 
 sipihiiiich: o:f 
 
 ri0N.A.6.J©NES,M.P 
 
 In the House of Commons, March 19th, 1888- 
 
 Mr. JONES (Halifax) who was loudly 
 applauded on rising, said : Mr. Speaker, 
 the principle involved in the resolution 
 now under the consideration of this 
 House is 90 far— reaching in its chai-acter, 
 and fraught with such tremendous inter- 
 eats to the future welfare of this country, 
 ihat I do not feel inclined to let it go to 
 a division without asking the attention 
 of the House for a very short time while 
 I offer a few observations on the subject. 
 I feel under a considerable difficulty in 
 rising to speak at this period of the debate, 
 because the hon. gentlemen who have 
 preceded me from this side of the Cham- 
 ber, have submitted to the consideration 
 of the House and the country a proposi- 
 tion so broad, so statesmanlike, so far in 
 the interests of this country, that the 
 Chinese-wall-of-protection party on the 
 other side, eloquent and argumentative 
 as their speeches have been, from their 
 own stand point, have been wholly un- 
 able to gainsay the position we have 
 taken. (Hear, hear.) The hon. gentle- 
 men who have spoken from the commence- 
 ment of this debate, 01 our side of the 
 House, have submitted a proposition, 
 and have proclaimed correctly the con- 
 dition of this country to be such, and its 
 financial position such, Rs call for the 
 immediate consideration of this Parlia- 
 ment, and the consideration of the 
 people outfide of it. Now, Sir, hon. 
 gentlemen, in the early part of this debate, 
 quoted speeches which had been made 
 by hon. gentlemen on this side on pre- 
 yious occasions. They endeavored to 
 
 mak out that some hon. 
 this side had been 
 
 gentlemen on 
 
 INCONSISTENT IN THEIR UTTERANCES, 
 and that the policy which they advocate 
 now was not in accordance with the 
 policy which they had advocated, indif 
 vidually, on other occasions. One of 
 those gentlemen, my hon. friend from 
 Queen's (Mr. Davies), has answered for 
 himself to-day ; he has shown this House 
 that his speech, taken in its plain and 
 literal meaning, from beginning to end, 
 was not capable of the interpretation, 
 which the hon. Mmister of Marine chose 
 to put upon it. And I have no doubt 
 that hon. gentlemen will endeavor, 
 before this debate is over, to make quo- 
 tations from observations of mine. I 
 hope they will do so. However, I may 
 spare them the necessity of that, Mr. 
 Speaker, because I ^tend to give this 
 House, before I resume my seat, the 
 benefit, if benefit it may be, of the opi- 
 nions which I have expressed with regard 
 to our relations with the United States 
 for a very considerable number of years 
 past. (Cheers). Now, Sir, we have, in 
 this present position, an entirely new 
 departure. We have here a -question 
 which has never yet been formally 
 submitted to the consideration of 
 the people. It has been an abs- 
 tract question ; it has been one which 
 people's minds may have dwelt on, but 
 it has aever been the deliberate policy of 
 a pai-ty, and it has never been deliber- 
 ately submitted for the consideration of 
 
the people. And how aie we met ? We 
 are met with the cry that it is 
 
 DISLOYAL TO THE OLD COUNTRY 
 
 The hon. gentlemen who has just re- 
 sumed his seat indulged us with that riy 
 to a considerable extent, and closed bis 
 speech bv an appeal to the sentimental 
 aspect of this question, and stating the 
 strength of that sentiment in the hearts 
 of the people of Canada to-day. Sir, I 
 agree with the hon. gentleman that 
 there is a great deal in sentiment. 1 
 a<^ree with the hon. gentleman that 
 'aeat needs and great sufferings have been 
 "undergone for the sake of mere sentiment. 
 But, Sir, if sentiment stands between us 
 £ .d our necessities to-day, our duty to 
 Canada points to the course we should 
 take in the interests of Canada. (Ap- 
 plause.) Sir, sitting here as one of the 
 representatives of this Dominion, I am 
 prepared, for my part, to say, let as 
 consider the interests of Canada first. 
 That, Mr. Speaker, has been the policy 
 of hon. gentlemen on the other side of 
 the House, thit has been the policy of 
 the right hon. gentleman in times gone 
 by. That was the policy laid down by 
 the right hon. gentleman in that Minute 
 of Council quoted by the hon. member 
 for Queen's (Mr. Davies) the other day 
 when the right lion, gentleman declared 
 that the only way to make the people of 
 Canada contented in their present posi- 
 tion was 
 
 TO MaKE THEM PROSPEROUS ; 
 
 and no one knew better than he 
 did that if there was prosperity 
 in this country from one end to the ether, 
 the people were satisfied and contented 
 with their political position. (Hear, hear. ) 
 But, as has been shown, if the tru-, inte- 
 vestg of a country were suffering, if the 
 people sf\^ on the other side of the line 
 a market vhich would take all of tl^eir 
 surplus productions, if they saw that 
 market closed by a Chinese wall against 
 us in consequence of the action of this 
 Government, then I say that the time 
 would come for the j^eople of Canada to 
 look around and make overtures, as this 
 ..f.gf.!„<.ion invites us to make, to the 
 
 large, friendly, and powerful people to 
 the south, and ask them if some modvx 
 Vivendi may not be arrived at whereby 
 wc two English-speaking races on this 
 continent may be able to exchange 
 our products to our mutual advantage. 
 (Applause.) 1 say, at the outset of 
 this discussion, that I am glad to hear 
 hon. gentlemen on the other side point- 
 ing Oi't 
 
 ALL THE DI3.VDVANTAGES 
 
 that are going to arise to the Dominion 
 under the operation of such an Act. I 
 am glad to hear that for chis reason : 
 because the friends of this measure— and 
 we have friends on the other side of the 
 i.orde- —will be able to .how the people 
 of the United States that there is at 
 least a division of opinion on this side of 
 the border. (Hear,hear.) If there was only 
 one view of iha question taken in this 
 Chamber, if every member in the House 
 i,nd every man in the country would cor- 
 dially accept the views advanced by the 
 hon. gentlemen who have preceded me, 
 why, the friends of that measure, and 1 
 believe they are growing m the United 
 States, would not have the advantage of 
 pointing out there was a division ot 
 opinion on the other side of the border as 
 well. I hold that this is a matter which, 
 while largely in the interests of Canada, 
 is largely in the interests of the people 
 of the United States as well. It is to 
 their interest — • 
 
 An hon. MEMBER. Hear, hear. 
 Mr. JONES. An hon. gentleman 
 saya " hear, hear.'' Does the hon. gen- 
 tleman in any of his dealings with his 
 fellow-men except to have all the ad van 
 tages on his own side ] (Cheers.) Why, 
 is it a policy that no far-reaching states- 
 manship ever for one moment contem- 
 plates or desires. We desire, if we go to 
 the United States, to say to them : Here 
 we come offering you a trade which is to 
 your advantage to do, and which during 
 the time you had it undtr the operation 
 of the reciprocity treaty proved to be 
 such, and now with our enlarged com- 
 mercial systen, our increased number of 
 railways, our increased population in 
 
s 
 
 t'anada— and in the United States as 
 ■well — we believe it will be a measure for 
 our mutual benefit, and so, come, let us 
 trade together. (Hear, hear.) Whv, 
 tlie Minister of Finance when at Wash- 
 ington the other day made this j)ropo8i- 
 tion. I regret be is not here. How do 
 we now know tliatthe Mini-ster of Finance 
 did not make a proposal similar to that 
 called for in the resolution before the 
 House ] We know he 
 
 PROPOSED A RESOLUTION THERE 
 
 in the interests of extended commerce ; 
 and now we find a resolution brought 
 down here under the direction of the 
 leader of this House calling for a Chinese- 
 wall-i>olicy of protection against the 
 United States. Well, Sir, it appears to 
 me that if the Minister of Finance were 
 here to-day he would hare euaer to ex- 
 plain his policy, or the leader of the Gov- 
 ernment would have to explain his. 
 {Applause.) We seem to have a Mikado 
 and a Tycoon in this matter, and I would 
 like to hear whether the policy of the 
 Tycoon at Washington can be recon- 
 ciled with the policy of the Mikado in 
 the House of Commons to-day. (Cheers 
 and laughter.) The hon gentleman who 
 resumed his seat a few moments ago said 
 that the Americans were trying to coerce 
 us in consequecce of the hostile position 
 we assumed during the Southern War. 
 The hon. gentleman, 1 have no dov.bt, 
 thought he was right in the evidence he 
 offered ; but if the hon. gentleman had 
 occupied a seat in this House from 1874 
 to 1878, during the time the National 
 Policy was first discussed in this Cham- 
 ber and subsequently over the country, 
 the hon. gentleman 
 
 WOULb HAVE REMEMBERED THE SPEECHES 
 
 made by his leader, by the Finance Min- 
 ister, by everj Tory member in this 
 H ouse to the effect that we are going to 
 teach the United Stales their position. 
 We were not g'>ing to allow them to have 
 the advantage of our market, we loere 
 not going to allow them to make this a 
 slaughter market for their products, and 
 we were ffoing to iffiDOse a tariff and a 
 
 National Policy against the United 
 States which was going to bring the 
 United S-ates to their senses in a very 
 short time. (Hear, hear.) I contend that 
 those utterances of our public men on 
 that occasion in this House and after- 
 wards in the country did more than any 
 other line of policy ever adopted, mor« 
 than the National Policy itself, to em- 
 bitter the public sentiment of the United 
 States, the minds of the leading states- 
 men in Congress, against the people of 
 this country who were 
 
 GULLED BY SUCH AN UTTERANCE 
 
 as that ; and when, unfortunately for the 
 interests of Canada, the Government 
 came into power and had a;i opportunity 
 to carry out their policy, they carried 
 it out to the fullest extent, they 
 carried it out with the boast that they 
 were going to reduce our imports and 
 trade with the United States, they were 
 going to increase our trade with Great 
 Britain and were going to teach the 
 United States the fact that we could get 
 along without them. The absurdity of 
 that was seen from the beginning, the 
 absurdity of that has been felt by every 
 business man and by every farmer and 
 by every man who has any acquaintance 
 with the position of affairs in this country. 
 (Cheers.) We are living alongside of the 
 people of the United States who want 
 what we have to sell ; they take and 
 they are the only people who will take 
 and who can take what we have to dis- 
 pose of, and we have to send them our 
 products minus the duty which was im- 
 posed in consequence of the threatenings 
 of the Tory party of this country. The 
 hon. gentleman who has just resumed 
 hi?, Esat, indulged occasionally in poetical 
 quotations. I followed him with a great 
 deal of interest, and if he had confined 
 himself to poetical (luotations I am sure, 
 im many respects, his statements would 
 have been more accurate and more inter- 
 esting to the House. The hon. gentle- 
 man indulged in a quotation from an 
 unknown author, and as if to show how 
 easy it was to descend from the sublime 
 
 
CAME DOWN TO THE LETEI. OF 
 
 thought, S»r, that ^^^^ p^.^ 
 
 ^'' S* >,at tile Ton. gentleman was 
 bended what *"« "°" , ^ walked over 
 goiug to say 7^^;„^,^JJf him during 
 Ld took his seat ^^o^gf/^^^^. ,He Min- 
 ,he dljc--on and 1 «.e^^^^^ ,^^, ,,1 
 iater of Inland i^^y^"^"*" .^. „ y.im a wink 
 
 ago I brought lu a ^y' manufactured 
 girine to be J-Pf^^^^^.^^^d laughter.) 
 in this country. i^^^^f^^ ,1,^3 'Strong 
 It was only on account cith^^^ » 
 
 feeling in this House that on 
 a,y hon. friend f'-o"^ ^lant Mr ^^ ^^^ 
 who sits beside me the P^^^^^^ ^as 
 
 ^^- J^rr^vet^rinSture and 
 KlcU iS this^uuntry. J^^ 
 
 aside the hon. ge^^^^^"'^'^^ ^ walty 
 with regard to our ^-ty -d^,^ We 
 towards England, 1 J^^ gir I would 
 a great deal ^o -BweI^ ^u^^^ ^ir, ^^^^^^ 
 aak the hon. ge^^l'.man lor ^^^ 
 
 which he aervea ""d'' *"„ J' ent on 
 leader of the Ho-» -^^ZTa adre«, 
 that occasion, m *!>« ™' j into the 
 f«m the Throne "h-ch he pnt m 
 
 montJi of the Governor Gf f "' '°^„„i„ 
 
 to t>."-«r.t clTratl^ JO" - 
 those words. i- c""o , ^ ^^gen 
 
 the legislative «*««^^^X„ent to tb.e 
 given by the Ivnpenal ^f --^i.i,,^ of 
 Act ofUnicn under the P ^ ^^.^^ 
 which we are now assemDieu . 
 
 has laid the foundation of a ue^ 
 • Uty. ' What does 
 
 A NEW NATIONALITY 
 
 „.ean,Mr.SpeataJ-D^» j^-^-" 
 •""..rrfrlJ'^jting elaeKHear, 
 
 StSein^emen had ^«n -peak- 
 
 i„g abo* during the jho^ po'f « 
 caipaign that P'^^^^ ^ the D»,ni- 
 Union, from f «? ^f ""f,| "men staled 
 
 -on.of ^Xf;: hTd ^ Sne? our pr.- 
 
 publicly, that we u»" ■ 
 
 Ltvo^itionl-c^^^^^^^ 
 
 to assume the duti^« ^^^^^ ^^ ^^^^. 
 
 r.ew country, l.repeat a ^^^^^^ 
 
 vprv first occasion on w^ii^n u 
 
 mouth ot tne w inaugurated a 
 
 memorable words that je ma ^^^^ ^^^^ 
 
 naw nationality. (^^'.j^^ object 0? 
 was the consequence and^th^^ 3.^^^^ 
 
 '^' ^rAon Gentleman who spoke .0 
 tion. The hon. genu ^ , ^q. 
 
 eloquently wi h ^^^^f'^^^^^ Jl, I 
 ..ards the old country would a ,^^ 
 
 !-• 1 <iir if he would ask nis nou. 
 think, bir, u ne." meaning, when, 
 
 leagues to explam then "?f*^'^^^^^ 
 it the very first oppoi^nmty they^^a^^^^ 
 
 ^?r lir ifuiboconiesanyoftho.se 
 
 ahty. ^^\'IV to brand tbc hon. 
 gentlemen to endeavor ^^^ ^^^^^^ ^^^^ 
 
 rr?u:tratt::;e endeavoring 
 
 TO LEAD THE PEOPLE AWAY 
 
 T^Vipv themselves 
 ^«-t.trSr lis their GOV 
 
 (^o.ernn.entj^^t^^Xlt large that 
 the people of this ^^^\J^ ^^ ^dopt a 
 we had made up o r ^^ " t ^^^^^.^^^^, 
 new nationality, which me ^^^^^^ 
 
 n™/.'dU;^TStlemanwith'regavd 
 what did the hon. o*^ oddition to the 
 
 to this question say ! J^ ^^^^^^^^^^^ ^f ^,i,„ 
 charges they make -^^S^^^^'J^ ^^,^^ ^-e 
 
 unfair to the ^o- ^^^^^.^e that this 
 have not be;en able to J^r ^^ ^^^^, 
 
 policy would be of adW\auatries, 
 Uermen, and O"^ ^^""^i a^id before, 
 Kow, Sir, this q"^«*^^"';'J„ot in the 
 a very few years ago,^aB ^^^^ 
 
 portion which It IS to-day _..^^ ^^ ^^^^ 
 Tot aware then -hal \nc g>— "g.^t,,. 
 question would be in tne u 
 
To-day what do wo seo 1 We see a broad 
 invitation from that distinguished man 
 Mr. Bayard, the Aniencan Secretary 
 ot State, to Sir Chatle:. l\ipi>er, asking 
 hha to 
 
 " COME AXI) DISCUSS THE QUESTIONS 
 
 in a straightforward treatment on a li- 
 beral and statesmanlike |.lanof the entivp 
 commercial r< lutions bet-veen tlie ..o 
 Empires" (Applause). Th^t indbtion 
 is the 8an»e as coming from tue heii-1 oi 
 the Govprnmeiit, and, indeed, we hatl 
 previoaaly received almost a similar in- 
 vitation from the head of the Government 
 himself. This coming from the Premier, 
 BO to say, of the United States— the lea- 
 der of the Cabinet, was an emphatic 
 declaration on the part of the people of 
 the United States, so far as the Govern- 
 ment were concerned, that, m tiieir 
 judgment, the time had arrived when this 
 xp^tion could be properly considered 
 with Canada. Sir Charles Tupper, the 
 hon. the Minister of Finance, who has 
 since been in Washington, made a most 
 cordial reply to this invitation. He did 
 not intimate any desire ou the part of 
 Canada not to enter into the relations, 
 but he says : " I entiiely agree in your 
 statement that we both seek to obtain a 
 iust and permanent settlement and that 
 there is but one way to 
 
 procure it, and that is by a 
 straightforward treatment on a liberal 
 and statesmanlike plan of the entire com- 
 mercial relations of the two countries." 
 Here, Sir, we have then the whole case 
 before us. We have since seen a lesclu- 
 tion introduced into Congres by Mr. But- 
 terworth and subsequently, by Mr. Hitt, 
 and we have seen the 
 
 PUBLIC EXPRESSION OF OPINION 
 
 from public men in the United States 
 with regard to this measure, and we be- 
 lieve to-day that they are watching with 
 great deal of interest the discussions that 
 take place in this House. (Cheers.) The 
 hon. gentleman has quoted occasionnally 
 from Mr. Wiman. Now, Mr. Wiman, I 
 have no doubt, has given considerable at- 
 tention to this question, and Mr- Wi- 
 
 man's idea would be quite in accord with 
 the policy now under consideration here. 
 Ye SHI' 8 ' 
 
 "liie secoiid plan of unrestricted recipro- 
 city to which in vour letters you referred 
 would be a most admirable arrangement, and 
 next to the old reciprocity treaty would be 
 most acceptable no doubt throughout Ca- 
 nada. It is as you say that the extension^of 
 the plan as laid down in the treaty of 1874, 
 r.rged by General Grant on the part cf the 
 Uiiitad States, and by the Honorable George 
 Brown on ihu part cf Cannda. Had this nego- 
 tiation been successful no Act in Ganeral 
 Grant's Administralicn would have paralle- 
 led it ir, importance and buneficial results to 
 the Uiiited States ; vhile this consummation 
 as a lesnlt of Mr. llrown's efforts would have 
 added a lustre to a name already famous m 
 Canada that would have been international 
 in its scope." 
 Then, Sir, he goes on to say : 
 
 ' The conclusion therefore is that whih 
 the first plan in the foregoing list— the old 
 reci] jcity treaty, is impossible, tue second 
 that of unrestricted reciprocity is possible 
 only by the early and prompt action of the 
 Canadian Government, speaking on behalf ot 
 the people and making at once the necessary 
 propositions from which the knowledge of 
 the fact, 1 believe could be promptly earned 
 through in view of the agitation and interest 
 which haa been excited on the question here. 
 If n« such action is taken by the represen- 
 tatives of the Canadian Governmsnt it is 
 impossible to conceive that the American 
 Congress could be mduced to initiate a move 
 of this limited character. ' 
 
 Now, Sir, you will find by this that Mr. 
 Wiman, who has given a great deal of 
 
 ATTENTION TO THIS SUBJECT, 
 
 had come to the conclusion that unres- 
 tricted reciprocity such as we are advo- 
 cating to-day was entirely in accordance 
 with the sentiment in the United States 
 and would find acceptance there. This 
 question of our relations with the United 
 States as I have said before has been 
 considesed at various places and has been 
 spoken to by myself, and as I may be 
 misquoted or partially quoted by the 
 hon. gentlemen who follow me, I will read 
 -what 1 said in the House last year while 
 that question was under consideration : 
 "In regard to the treaty I think it very 
 
11 
 
 undesirable that here or elaewhere any ex- 
 pressions of opinion should be given as to 
 the great dcMrability or necessity of a treaty 
 lith the United States. Shortly after the 
 treaty expired there was a meeting held at 
 the (5ham\er of Commerce, Hali ax whe. a 
 resolution was moved calling on the Govern- 
 ment to take immediate steps to renew it_ 
 On that occasion 1 said 1 thought .hat while 
 it was well known throughout this country 
 that our people were anxious for a renewal 
 of the reciprocity treaty on equal terms, it 
 was not wise or judicions that we should 
 pubUsh to the world from every conamercial 
 standpoint the opinions we entertained on 
 that subject. I am aware this expression ot 
 mine was quoted againit me on a 
 recenl political occasion m my 
 own province, but I expressed it tuere 
 in the same sense in which 1 would express 
 it here, because I believe the Govenimeut 
 recognising their responsibility m sealing 
 with a matter of such importance, ^offhe 
 freer to act on behalf of our country if there 
 was not brought to bear from the other side 
 expressions of opinion from our own peopie 
 that we could not live or prosper without 
 trade relations with that country. 
 I took the precaution of adopting that 
 policy for this very reason. I did not 
 vfish to say anything that might be used 
 against us by those in the United States 
 who are opposed to a reciprocity treaty 
 with us, in any future negotiations which 
 might take plac«. (Hear, Hear) I remem- 
 ber very well the speeches which were deli- 
 vered in this House, on thti Washington 
 Treaty, by the hon. leader of the Govern- 
 ment and the h<m. Minister of Finance 
 I remember those hon. gentlemen stand- 
 ing in their places and pointing out the 
 great advantages that we 
 
 WERE GAINING UNDER THAT TREATY, 
 
 pointing out that under it we were gain- 
 ing everything and tiving up nothing ; 
 and the speeches of those hon. gentlemen 
 were quoted entirely in the American 
 case submitted to the HaUfax Commis- 
 sion. And while I did not suppose that 
 my speeches would have so much impor- 
 tance in the eyes of the public as the 
 speeches of gentlemen who occupy the 
 high position those hon. gentlemen oc- 
 
 CUUlcCi ciw tiiiii* Llllivy a.iiM rrv» .-»-— . ^. . 
 
 was unwilling that any member of this 
 
 House should make use of any languftJfB 
 which American negotiators might throw 
 up against us whenever w« came to nego- 
 tiate with them. Shortly after tliat I 
 was interviewed by the Boston G/ohf, 
 which WHS very anxious to know what 
 we, in Nova Scotia, thought in regard to 
 this matter. In that interview I said : 
 
 "I wa.s a member of a Government and be- 
 long to a party that has always desired the 
 c5st comme/cial relations with the United 
 States, and I do not hesitate to say that f 
 our pauy came into power to-morrow or 
 S object w.uldbe. so far as consistent 
 wi'^thour financial obligations, to place our 
 Trade relations with our neighbors across he 
 border on the freest and broadest basis possi- 
 ble I do not beUeve in Commercial Umoti 
 Neither country, I believe, would agree to it 
 but if the tariflof both countries could be 
 reconsidered I think a way would be found 
 by which we might trade with our neighbors 
 who are our natural customers, on a much 
 Tore liberal and extended basis than we do 
 !t present, I believe that a great deal of bad 
 feeSng w^ engendered m the minds of the 
 people of the iTnited States and in the minds 
 S^her leading statesmen by the constant cry 
 that" as kept up by the Tory party of the 
 Dominion during the time ^^^^ the I.ibera^ 
 Government waa.m power, that ihev the 
 Tories) by pursuing a policy of retaliation 
 would force ?rade concessions from the Am - 
 ricans. The Liberals of this country nt%er 
 Sed such a policy. They desired the freest 
 trade relations consiitent with reveniie re- 
 qubeilnts. beUeving that the -ore intamat- 
 our commercial intercourse was the better 
 feeling it would engender among the popu- 
 lation of the two countiies. 
 
 'VVe cannot forget that we have a large 
 interest in the New England States parlicu- 
 larlv Their factories are operated largely oy 
 Nov; Scodans, their fishing fleet is largely 
 manned by our own hardy ^on.^^n^^^^ 
 number of people from Nova Scotia, New 
 Brunswick andjfrince Edward Island who 
 havem^e then homes in their towns and 
 villages it would be difficult to ascertam. 
 I was also interviewed by the Chicago 
 rm«s which reported the interview as 
 
 fallows :— 
 
 " Hon. A. G. Jones, M. P., largely engaged 
 in the West Indies and fish trades, has J>een 
 watching with considerable interest the dis- 
 cussion of the question m the U^^^ted States. 
 Y^,vM(.. -n'ninn in Canada would be Ukely to 
 shape itseif in response to action that may 
 
be taken in the United States. The people 
 of the Maritime Provinces would favor reci- 
 procity in the limited sense, or a broader 
 measure like Commercial Union, if that is 
 found practicable. ' Our commercial interests 
 are with the United States, and not with 
 Canada," Mr Jones said : ' We have no bind- 
 ing trade interests .betv/een the east and 
 west of Canada, and are ready to extend our 
 commercial relations with any country that 
 will take our products.' If the United States 
 Government were disposed to favour imre- 
 .otricted reciprocity with Canada. Mr. Jones 
 thinks, no great diiiiculty would be exier- 
 ienced m adjusting details of the arrange- 
 ment to the satisfaction of both parties. It 
 is argued that free trade with the United 
 States would be discrimination against the 
 mother country, but Mr. Jones believes no 
 opposition need be feared from that quarter. 
 England knows that the surest way to make 
 Canada contented with her political status 
 as a portion of the Empire is to make her 
 people prosperous. That would undoubt- 
 edly be the case under unrestricted free 
 trade with the United States. 'I look on 
 the proposition with moderate favor,' Mr. 
 Jones said, in conclusion, 'and am prepared 
 to discuss it for the best interests of the 
 country. It ha8 not yet been made a party 
 question." 
 
 No, Sir, these are the opinions which 
 I have expressed on this measure up 
 to the present time, and therefore I feel 
 jterfectly free to day in coming here and 
 f^iving my allegiance to the policy set 
 forth in the statements I have read. But, 
 Sir, we have heard from hon. gentlemen 
 on the other side of the House— and they 
 have endeavoured to projtsgate the idea 
 in their papers— that the policy of the 
 Liberal party today, the policy of un- 
 restricted reciprocity, means direct tax- 
 ation, the withdrawal of Provincial sub- 
 sidies, the withdrawal of subsidies 'o 
 various railways in the country. Sir, I 
 take entire and immediate exception to 
 that statement. There is no such plank 
 in the platform of the Liberal 
 party to-day ; there is no necessity 
 for any of these results in the 
 arrangement we advocate for the 
 approval of this country. (H^ar, hear.) 
 \V e must come here and discuss this 
 question in a fair and honest spirit, 
 neither overstating nor understating the 
 case, and I am prepared to say that we 
 
 shoild probably los*? a small amount of 
 revenue under such an arrangement ; 
 but we 
 
 SHOULD BE ABLE TC ECONOMISE 
 
 in certain unnecessary expenses to the 
 extent of a few millions. And, then. 
 Sir, above ail, instead ot having cur 
 people in the condition we find them in 
 to-day from one ead of this Dominion to 
 the other, instead of finding their re- 
 sources crippled, their energies hampered, 
 their farms mortgaged, and looking with 
 hopelessness to the future, we should 
 have 'contented and prosperous people, a 
 people with money in their pockets, and 
 we know what it means when people 
 have money in their pockets, for they 
 spend it, and the very man who spends 
 one dollar to-day, would under such a 
 condition of affairs, be able to spend 
 three or four dollans to-morrow. There- 
 fore, I look without the slightest appre- 
 hension to the change involved in thft 
 proposition before the House. If it in- 
 volved anything approaching direct 
 taxation, I should say, stay your hand ; 
 for I should nay that this country could 
 not under any system of government 
 adopt direct taxation. (Applause) 
 Althouiih it might be the most econo- 
 mical if people understood it, they htive 
 not been educated up to the great econo- 
 mical fact that direct taxatien would be 
 the cheapest system they could adopt. 
 And therefore you have to accept public 
 opinion as it is. No party in this 
 country would stand twenty-four hours, 
 if they went to the people with direct 
 taxation on their banners. Therefore, I 
 take this exception at the outset, because I 
 
 DENY MOST EMPHATICALLY 
 
 that any sucu result can be involved iu 
 the adoption of the poUcy which we re- 
 commend to-day. (Cheers.) Now, Sir, 
 the hon. gentleman may say that it 
 would be unfair to the old country to dis- 
 criminate against her with regards to the 
 United States. Why, is it not equally 
 unfair to discriminate against the British 
 manufacturer, in so far as the principle 
 and the seuiimeut are concerned, in favor 
 
8 
 
 i- 
 
 It 
 
 of the Canadian manufacturer ? There 
 is discrimination against the British 
 manufacturer. His gootla cannot come 
 in owing to it, and if they do not come 
 m under one condition of atfaiia, ihoy will 
 not under another ; and so far bh the 
 lojijic and the sense is concerned, it just is 
 as^ unfair for this Government, under the 
 National Policy, to discriminate. Hgainst 
 the Engliah manufacturer by high pro 
 tective duties in favor of the people of 
 Canada, as it would l»e under other cir- 
 cumstances to discriminate against him 
 in favor of the people of the United 
 States. (Applause.) The hon. the Min- 
 ister of Marino and Fisheries the other 
 night dealt at considerable length upon 
 the advantages of our inter -provincial 
 .trade which has arisen out of our present 
 political condition. To fortify his opin- 
 ion, the hon. gentleman quoted an ob- 
 servation made by the Attorney General 
 of Nova Scotia, 'l thoiiglit, as the hon. 
 gentleman made that quotu'ion, he might 
 have had sufficient respect for himself, 
 a.'-, a member of the T)onunioa Govern- 
 ment, to have avoided the sneer he in- 
 dulged in when 8i)eakii)g of the Attorney 
 <>eneral of Nova Scotia, who is not here 
 to answer for himself, by saying that he 
 • was a man who had 
 
 MADK A GREAT DEAL OP NOISE 
 
 about himaelf the last two or three years. 
 If the hoH: gentleman were to meet the 
 Attorney General '^f Nova Scotia in de- 
 bate, I have no doubt the Attorney Gen- 
 eral would be able to hold bis own, and 
 ill his absence it is not very statesmanlike 
 on the part of a member of this Govern- 
 ment to attempt to belittle a member of 
 the Local Government. (Hear, hear.) 
 Had the hon. gentleman quoted the Hon. 
 Mr. Longley fairly, he would have had 
 this advantage, that I would not be in a 
 position to make the retort which it is 
 in ray power to make to-day. We very 
 often find hon. gentlemen opposite ' mak- 
 ing quotations from the speeches of hon. 
 gentlemen on this side, without giving 
 us the entire quoiation, but only giving 
 us that portion, which taken by itself, 
 bears out the impression they endeavor 
 
 to create. They are careful not to givo 
 the fair and literal meaning of what was 
 said. Now, what did Mr, Longley say 
 at the banquet delivered at Boston ? He 
 said : 
 
 "God and nature never destined that Nova 
 Scotia and Ontario abould traile together. 
 We trafle with Ontario, to be sure. Their 
 drummers permeate uvlt country, and sell 
 $10,000,(>00 of goodo annually, and we pay 
 for ihem most wholly in hard cash. Where 
 do we get the money ? We get it from the 
 pecple of the United States. ' 
 
 Now, if the Minister of Marino itii 
 Fisheries had finished that quotation by 
 giving us that part of it, he would have 
 done Mr. Longley the justice, to which 
 Mr. Longloy was entitled. The Minister 
 of M?rine and Fisheries said that a large 
 tvYue^iad been growing up between the 
 east and the west. I «t us see in what 
 that trade consists. He says there is a 
 large amount of 
 
 SUGAR BROUGHT OVER THE INTERCOLONIAL 
 
 Railway. Weil, ihere is, I admit, a 
 very conaid-ictble quantity of sugar com- 
 ing over the Intercolonial Railway, but 
 when we find every year an annual de- 
 ficiency of $100,000 to $200,000 in the 
 working of the Intercolonial Railway, 
 when we see $8,000,00" to $10,000,000 
 charged to capital accoimt to the 
 Intercolonial Railway, half of which 
 should go to current expenses, I ask, is 
 it any great advantage after all to force 
 this trade at the expense it involves. 
 (Cheers.) The hon. gentleman says that 
 coal is brought over the Intercolonial 
 Railway. Coal is brought from a cer- 
 tain county represented by the hon. the 
 Minister of Finance, and we have the 
 statement, in reply to my enquiry, and 
 which the hon. the Minister of Railways 
 had the frankness to put in his annual 
 report as explaining increased expendi- 
 ture and diminislied receipts, we have the 
 statement that every pound of that coal 
 carried over the Intercolonial Railway 
 was 
 
 CARRIED AT A l^EAD LOSS. 
 
 Is '''hat the way to pfonioie tra-.tO in tois 
 couatry, by making such a sacrifice 1 
 
9 
 
 (Hear, hear.) Hon. gentlenipn, fHniiliiir 
 with this husincs;;, are aware that when 
 we come to put a rate of thi-ee-tenths of a 
 cent per ton per mile on coal , tliat involves 
 a lo s U> tho country of a very extenHive 
 oharaftor. I have oeen told by gentlemen 
 funiiliur with tbf^ bumu •hh, and whom I 
 connider an high niitboiity, that about 
 three-quarters of a cent |»er mile is the 
 minimum rate in Uie United States, 
 which, it is considered, will compensate 
 for Y/orking expenses, «o that when we 
 come to cutting that rate down io three- 
 tenths of a cent ]Hir mile, it is forcing 
 trade at a very heavy expense, wViich 
 the taxpayers hare to bear. The hon. 
 gentk man nays that aliout three-quarters 
 of a million bbls. fiov r are carried over the 
 railway. There again the National 
 Policy comes into play. If we were 
 clear cf the National Policy to-day, we 
 would not re.~uire to carry flour over the 
 Intercolonial Railway at a loss because I 
 suppose it hardly pays — fit all events it 
 does not mere thau pay^ — running ex- 
 penses. What would v/e do without the 
 National Policy ? Why, our national 
 trade is with the United States ; our 
 little fishing vessels could in twenty four 
 hours take 
 
 THE PRODUCT OF OUR HARD I\DU8TRY 
 
 and toil to the United States, it we had 
 acpess to those markets, and exchange 
 them for flour, Mfhich thoy would bring 
 back free of duty and land at our own 
 doors, having got rid of what the late 
 Hon. Joseph Howe called ''the Cana- 
 dian corn law," like the corn law the 
 curse of which the people of England 
 got rid of half a century ago, anr. people 
 of the Maritime Provinces would not to- 
 day be paying 50 cents more for their 
 flour than they would if all the restric- 
 tions imposed by the National Policy were 
 swept away, and they had free access to 
 the markets of the United States. (Ap- 
 plause.) I FAy there is not a single 
 article which we get from Ontario, or 
 which Ontario or Quebec gets from the 
 Lower Provinces, that eou'd not be got 
 on much more favorable terms if it were 
 permitted by the op(;ra(i(»i.s ol'tlu, tarifl'. 
 
 Thsrc is not a ningle article that we get 
 from the Up|)€r Provinces that we could 
 not get better from England or the 
 Un:ted States, if tlie tariff permitted us 
 or if we were back in the conditi'^r we 
 were in the happy days gone by. iOn. 
 gentlemen .say that a trade is being built 
 up, hut they are forc'ng it at frightful ex 
 pense, and I say emphatically tht> .. time 
 in t..e history of this country will ccme 
 when dififrrent opinions will prevail, 
 when the people will see that their iii- 
 tereots do not lie in the policy which is 
 advocated to-day, and A'ben that timo 
 does come there will be a fearful retri- 
 bution and 
 
 A SHAKING OP DRY BONES 
 
 amongst those manufacturers which ars 
 fostered by the policy of to-day. 
 (Cheers.) The Liberal |wrty would be 
 unworthy of its standing in this country, 
 unworthy of its principles and its tra- 
 ditions, if it did nov; when it had the op- 
 portunity, wipe away the condition of 
 afiairs which I have pointed out. under 
 which th« present Oovernment are forc- 
 ing ti'ade one way and that at the expense 
 of the country, and at a great cost and 
 burden to the consumers. (Heai, Lear,) 
 We And that in addition to being pre- 
 vented from getting ariicles from our 
 neigh' (Ours and from the old country 
 whic. we desire to get, as a whole, under 
 the operation of this tariiT, for the bene- 
 fit of a few manufacturers who c^n sub- 
 scribe large sums for election expenses, 
 we pay very much larger sums for every- 
 thing we consume than we should do un- 
 der ether circumstances. Gentlemen 
 hers and elsewhere have pointed out, and 
 have taken advantage of the country in 
 this respect, that, as they .say, for tho 
 last three or four years the people should 
 look to see how cheap sugar has baen, 
 how cheap cotton has been, how cheap 
 otherarticles have been uuring that time. 
 We do do not deny that these articles 
 have been cheap during the ladt three or 
 four years, but they have been 
 
 CHEAP ALL THE WORLD OVER. 
 
 (Aiif'.iuise.) The over-productions have 
 
10 
 
 1 !; 
 
 is 
 m 
 in 
 in 
 nc 
 
 10, 
 
 as 
 
 th 
 te< 
 Ca 
 cu 
 in 
 Sti 
 ist 
 nijl 
 th« 
 .tra 
 po'i 
 ion 
 aer 
 of 
 ger 
 ha^ 
 as 
 me 
 <lul 
 <iei 
 to 
 ^afi 
 
 abo 
 
 If 1 
 
 Att 
 
 bat* 
 
 eral 
 
 ill h 
 
 on i 
 
 men 
 
 tl.e 
 
 Ha^i 
 
 Mr.; 
 
 this 
 
 posil 
 
 in nl 
 
 oftei 
 
 gent 
 us tl 
 us t 
 bean 
 
 been immense. The over-production of 
 sug&r has been enormous, and the im- 
 provement in machinery and in the in- 
 crease of mills has brought that branch 
 of the industry down to the finest pos- 
 sible ix)int. But we lose all tlie advan- 
 tage of this. Prices have gcaedowu 
 late, and we have not hsd the advan- 
 tdgeof it ; pnd why? Because we are 
 cursed by a policv which tak-s 25 per 
 cent., .30 per cent., 40 and 50 per cent, 
 out of us for the benefit of the manufac- 
 turei-sin order that they may have more 
 money to subscribe for their party. I 
 was sun^rised to hear the hon. gentle- 
 man ask what more did the taxpayers 
 pay to-dav than they did before the 
 National Policy ^ I will only take one 
 article. If the Minister of Marine had 
 been at the meeting of the Combines 
 Committee the other day, he would have 
 heard a question and an answer given 
 there that would have satisfied him, I 
 think, that'!' we pay more at least than 
 we would other circumstances. The 
 question was asked of one of the sugar 
 dealers : How much does sugar cost m 
 England ? His answer was, IGs. 6d. per 
 112 lbs. He was asked what that was a 
 pound, and his answer was ^ cents. He 
 was asked what was the price in Mon- 
 treal from the refiners to-day, and the 
 the reply was 6| cents per poand. Only 
 in that one article sugar, there is a dif- 
 ference of 3i cents per pound, and that 
 principal permeate, every manufactured 
 article, every article that every man is ob- 
 liged to consume and requires for the 
 use of his family in this country. (Cheers) 
 Imagine what 3^ cents per pound of 
 sugar means. It means from $7.50 to 
 $8 a barrel. In the production of a re- 
 finery like the Canada Refinery m 
 Montreal of 1,000 barrels a day, the gain 
 to them and the loss to us is $7,500 per 
 day. (Applause.) If you take that 
 principle and 
 
 APPLY IT TO EVEHY MANUPACTURBD ARTICLE 
 
 in this country, hon. gentlemen can easily 
 see that the argument adduced by my 
 hon. friend from Queen's (Mr Davids) 
 the other day, iK)jnting out the increased 
 
 cost of living under these circumstances, 
 was amply justified. But that is not ^1. 
 The difficulty under the present condi- 
 tion of aflfairs is this : We have certain 
 articles to dispose of wherewith we pur- 
 chase our needed requirements. The 
 farmer has his wheat and his grain, his 
 horses and sheep, and the various articles 
 tha'-, he cultivates and raiccs ; the fisher^ 
 man, after his hard toil, has his fish, and 
 the lumberman has his lumber; but 
 where does it all go? It goes to the 
 United States, and, when it goes there 
 to the only market which will take it, i' 
 is met with this heavy duty, ^nd the^ 
 have to take off the product of their in 
 dvistry, and they have that much lea 
 when they come back to Nova Scoti; 
 with which to buy all these articles whic 
 are protected, which are raised up her 
 for the benefit of the manufacturors,-bt 
 wh'ch those people cannot do withou 
 They cannot buy in the United btate 
 They can only take their produ'-t ther 
 no matter what it may be or how smt 
 it may be, and bring back the price he 
 and invest it in articles such as tt 
 BU<»ar at $7.50 a baiTel more than 
 should be. (Hear, hear.) Is there a 
 wonder that there is a mortgage of 4^ i 
 cent, on the farms of Ontario] 1 
 farmers of this country have been livii 
 but they have not been prospering, a 
 thev have hardly known what was 1 
 matter with them, but they ttre realiz^ 
 now the condition of affairs which 1 
 taken from them the legitimate prod 
 of their industry, and 1 venture to 
 that there is 
 
 A VBARFUL RECKONINO OOMINU 
 
 in the near future, when these men r 
 
 ize that for all these long yf^ars t 
 
 have been gulled und^r the impress 
 
 that they were getting these arti 
 
 cheap and that they could not be 
 
 duced any cheaper. (Cheera.) I ren 
 
 ber when the Postmaster -General 
 
 Uvered a speech m his own cour 
 
 when I had the honor of meeting hii 
 
 an occasion which, I am sorry to say 
 
 not have the desired effect. He 
 
 pointing out to his I'eople there thai 
 
u 
 
 instances, 
 B not all. 
 tit condi- 
 '6 certain 
 , we pur- 
 ats. The 
 ^rain, his 
 us articlps 
 ;he fisher- 
 3 fish, and 
 iber ; but 
 368 to the 
 oes there, 
 take it, it 
 
 and they 
 f their in- 
 niuch less 
 Qva Scotia 
 iicles which 
 »d up here 
 iturors, -but 
 io without, 
 ted States, 
 iduf't there, 
 
 how small 
 b price here 
 inch as this 
 ore than it 
 Is there any 
 age of 43 per 
 itario 1 The 
 I been living, 
 spering, and 
 bat was the 
 ure realizing 
 s which has 
 iiate product 
 nture to say 
 
 OOMINU 
 
 !se men real- 
 y ynars they 
 e impression 
 these articles 
 1 not be i^ro- 
 8.) I remem- 
 r-General de- 
 own country, 
 eating him on 
 rry to say, did 
 id. He was 
 ,here that the 
 
 cause of all this cheap sugar and cheap 
 cotton and cheap iron was the National 
 Policy, was because the duties were so 
 high, because they had taken the duties 
 up from 15 per cent, under our re nme to 
 25 and 30 per cent. There was a little 
 country lad sitting up m the gallery, and 
 he said : " Well, Mr. McLelan, double 
 the duties again, and we will get them 
 just so much chepner. " It was a reason- 
 able answer, and just such a one as the 
 hon. gentleman might have expected. I 
 shall now proceed to deal with a state- 
 ment made by the Minister of Marine 
 and Fisheries, who said that we had 
 failed to show that the National Policy 
 had injured the interests of the fisher- 
 men and the miners. I will 
 
 TAKE OUR COAL INTERESTS 
 
 Cape Breton col'.ieries will under ten years, 
 aye, or fifty years' protection the new tpriff 
 affords them. The Spring Hill and Pictou 
 coUeries, by means of subsidies, in the way of 
 low railway freights, will be able to send coal 
 into Canada, but the Cape Breton collieries, 
 which cannot be thus favored, are in a worse 
 position than before.' 
 
 Since then we have put 10 cents on 
 coal more than in 1879. But if Mr. 
 Lithgow, who, I repeat, was considered 
 a good authority at that timt, says that 
 the duties now imposed on colliery plant 
 and supplies average more than the duty 
 levied on coal and coke, it is evident that 
 10 cents will not benefit them to any ap- 
 preciable extent. Then again, siac^ that 
 time the duty on anthracite has been re- 
 moved, which has placed them still 
 further 
 
 in the first place, and I do not know that 
 I could produce to this House a better » 
 a higher authority than Mr, Lithgow, of 
 Halifax, a gentleman who is accepted in 
 Nova Scotia as the mouthpiece of the 
 coal interest in that Province. Now, 
 when the duties were imposed on foreign 
 coal, accompanied by the increase in the 
 tariff, Mr. Lithgow "took a cor)-ect view 
 of the situation, according to my view, 
 and, I think, according to the views of 
 reasonable business men. But 1 will let 
 Mr. Lithgow speak for himself. Writing 
 on this subject at that very time, he said : 
 
 "Anyone aaiuainted with the wants of a 
 colliery in Nova Scotia will tell you that the 
 new tariff about doubles the duties payable 
 under the old tariff, and that the duties now 
 imposed on colliery p'ant and supplies aver- 
 age more than the duty levied on imported 
 coal and coke. When I think how the 
 National PoUcy proposed to foster our min- 
 mg interests, of Mr. Tilley's proposing to im- 
 pose such a duty as would give to home in- 
 dustry the home market, and then think of 
 what it and he have done for the coal mines, 
 I_well— better not write my feelings lest 
 the Phihstines rejoice. My conviction is the 
 Cape Breton coUieries are much worse off un- 
 der the new than under the old tariff. They 
 cannot n«w get any more for their coal ; 
 they cannot now put their coal into Ontario; 
 they have now to pay twice as xa^-'fh duty as 
 before. Messrs. Redpath & Dr • nmond, I 
 will venture to say, make more ^.lofit within 
 on« year under the new tariU" than all the 
 
 IN AN IJNFAV'ORABLE POSITION. 
 
 Then, Sir, take the Londonderry mines. 
 Tlie Londonderry mines, in the county 
 of Colchester, were established under a 
 Nova Scotia 10 per cent, taritf. (Hear, 
 hear.) They manufactured iron there 
 for many years. They were fairly suc- 
 cessful for a certain time, but the mo- 
 ment we came into Contederation, and 
 all these heavy duties and charges were 
 imposed, the result was that that 
 mine, to my great regret, became em- 
 barrassed, and it passeji into the hands of 
 a large company. (Cheers.) . It went on 
 from year to year and finally became 
 bankrupt. A year or two ago it passed 
 into the hands of a second or third com- 
 pany, and I hope sincerely with better 
 success. Still the i)ast history of that 
 undertaking will serve to show how 
 those interests have been benefited in 
 Nova Scotia. So, if the hon. gentleman 
 did not understand how the National 
 Policy had 
 
 FAILED TO BENEFIT OUR FISHERMEN, 
 
 I think he is hardly the mau who should 
 be at the head of that important depart- 
 ment. And if he cannot see how the 
 absence from freedom of exchange and 
 from liberty to dispose of the products of 
 their fishe'nes in the only market that 
 requires them, and how, handicapped 
 
4 
 
 12 
 
 with heavy duties, tliese people have to 
 send their produce to that market, at no 
 matter what cost, I think the hon. gen- 
 tleman ha« lived a good many years in 
 vain. (Applause.) 1 see it was stated 
 recently by Mr. Win3an, at a banquet 
 in Montreal, and I have not seen his 
 statement questioned, though I have not 
 had time myself to verify it from public 
 documents, that from the expiration of 
 the first reciprocity treaty, down to the 
 present moment, the products of Can ' > 
 have paid 100 million dollars into 
 American Treasury. Now, r-ir, is i 
 any wonder that the farmers and other 
 interests of this country are suffering, if, 
 during that time,8uch a large amount has 
 been paid by them on the products of 
 their industry, and while they have been 
 
 COMPELLED TO USE THAT MARKET, 
 
 as the only one open to them ? The hon. 
 member for Huron (Mr. McMillau) told 
 us the other night, that the farms valued 
 at $800,000,000 were mortgaged to the 
 extent of $275,000,000, or an average 43 
 per cent., and 6 percent, interest on the 
 mortgages imposes an annual obligation 
 of $16,500,000. I say, Sir, this is a 
 most startling statement. I regret that 
 it cannot be questioned. I should have 
 been delighted to have heard 
 some hon. gentleman opposite show 
 the hofi. member for Huron had over- 
 stated his case. When that hon. gen- 
 tleman produced these figures, taken 
 from the official documents of the coun- 
 try, aiid when no hon. gentleman oppo- 
 site, up to the present time, has been able 
 to contradict that statement, I say that 
 we are brought face to face with a con- 
 dition of affairs in this country which is 
 of a most startling character. If the 
 farmers of that fine Province of Ontario, 
 with its excellent climate, have been 
 brought, after so many years under the 
 National Policy, 
 
 TO THE VERGE OF BANKRUPTCY, 
 
 as described by the hon. member for Hu- 
 ron, I say the time has arrived when 
 every well-wisher of this cotntry, with a 
 sincere desire of benefiting that large in- 
 
 terest, should endeavor to (li.sc(>v< r soi-ie 
 means of amelioration, whereby the pro 
 ducts and indu?trio8 of tliat large class of 
 our people may in some way be^ relieved. 
 (Hear, hear.) Sir, if that st' emeut 
 is borne out, as I have no doubt it will 
 be, by the realities of their position, the 
 farmers of Ontario have the matter in 
 their own hands ; and I have full con- 
 fidence that when this matter comes to 
 be presented to them, and when they see 
 on the other side of the line a market for 
 their produce in which it will bring as 
 much as American produce — because our 
 produce is a small affair compared with 
 th( pioductions of that great country, uh 
 was shown by the hon. member for Nor- 
 folk (Mr. Charlton) the other night 
 — I say that I have confidence 
 that wlien the farmers of Ontario 
 come to discuss this matter in 
 their own homes and over their own fire- 
 sides they will at no very distant day 
 take it into their own hands and teach 
 these Chinese-wall protection men on the 
 other side of the House, these men who 
 want to build u}) " rings" and foster 
 "combines" that wring from the farmers 
 their very last cent — I say I have con- 
 fidence enough in the intelligence of the 
 farmers of Ontario and of the Dominion 
 t large to believe that these men will be 
 taught a lesson that will be of a very sur- 
 prising character. (Ajiplause.) The 
 
 POLICY ANn EXTRAVAGANCE 
 
 of our Government which has taken on 
 an average for the last ten years from 
 eight to ten millions of dollai*s out 
 of the people more than the actual 
 necessities reqi ired has been another im- 
 portant factor in this question. We vere 
 told in 1878 by Sir Leonard Tilley in St. 
 John, by the finance Minister and by 
 the leader of the present Government 
 that we were spending to much money 
 when we spent $23,000,000. The peo- 
 ple were told that if they turned ou*: the 
 Government and replaced the Conser- 
 vatives in power, they would be able to 
 administer the affairs of the Govern- 
 ment for a smaller amount. And "'hat 
 have we seen ? When the p<^ople (ook 
 
1$ 
 
 hon. gentlemen opiiosit.p at their woid 
 and placed them in power, the annual 
 expenditure went vp year by year by 
 leaps and bounds until lie has reached 
 nearly $-4(),000,000 during the past year. 
 We have now before ua Estimates for 
 $35,000,000, which, no doubt, will be in- 
 creased by tile Supplementary Estimates 
 to $3^,000,000 and probably $40,000,000 
 (Hear, hear.) I say liou. gentlemen op- 
 posite have taken from 
 
 KIGHT TO TKN Mir.LIOVS MORE 
 
 out of the consumers of the country than 
 the necessities of th** case required, and 
 when you come to add t hat amount *^o 
 the $ 1 00,C 00,000 which have been taken 
 out of the producers by payments on 
 products sent to the United States, I re- 
 peat, is it a wonder that the farmers of 
 Ontario are driven .o the money lenders 
 for their daily wants 7 Is it any wonder 
 that the farmei-s and fishermen and in 
 fact those engaged in every industry in 
 Canada . except a few bloated manufac- 
 turers and combines, are laboring at the 
 present moment under such severe de- 
 pression { BaHly as we are off undoubt- 
 edly, in the Maritime Provinces I am 
 happy to say that I do not think the 
 farmers there are in the same bad posi- 
 tion. I say I do not think they are, fc 
 this reason : We have a variety of re- 
 sources in the Province of ^ova Ccotia, 
 which perhaps no other Provirce in the 
 Dominion possesses. We have not only 
 our farming industry, but we have our 
 fishing and coal and lumbering, and 
 shipping industries, and our farmers are 
 all, to a certain extent, more or less in- 
 terested in one or more of those indus- 
 tries Then, agnin, we have in pa^-th of 
 the ProviTxcc of Nova Scotia a verj i/ge 
 fruit iadustry which has grown up with 
 the Old country, and which has brought 
 hundreds of thousands of dollars into our 
 Province. What has the National 
 Policy to do wilh that i (Cheers.) Those 
 products are not consumed in Canada. 
 When Providence in its wisdom has 
 given us good crops in these directions 
 where do we find our markets .' We find 
 them in England or b the United States; 
 
 and, therefore, it is that I belie\ tlie 
 farmers in Nova Scotia are not in the 
 same position to the same extent as are 
 the farmers in Ontario. Tliey have lived 
 but they iiave not i)rospered. (Hear, 
 hear.) There is a gieat difference be- 
 tween making a daily living, comfortable 
 though it may be, and prospering as 
 honest, andindustri9U8,and hard-working 
 and intelligent men should. In a 
 country like ours 
 
 THE FAKMERg SHOULD NOT ONLY LIVE 
 
 but they should nrosper, and if you take 
 frum them by placing heavy taxes on the 
 products of their industry, while they 
 live they cannot make any accumulations 
 for their old age. (Applause.) The?e 
 may not s'e a direct effect, and many a 
 man is day by day wondering why he 
 does not ao better, and why the present 
 times are so different .to the old times 
 when we had reciprocity with the United 
 States. They raise aa many pota- 
 toes and us many cattle, he catches* 
 more fish, and yet he is compelled to 
 ask himself the question after a year's 
 hard toil is over : VVhy are we in a 
 different position to-day from what we 
 were doing the time the reciprocity treaty 
 was in op'^ratiou. (Hear, hear.) The result 
 is obvious. Paring reciprocity he had 
 access to the American market and 
 everything rushed to that market. Our 
 potatoes found a market in the States — 
 there is no other market for them. The 
 potatoes of Prince Edward Isl d, which 
 ia one of their chief crops, foniiu a mai*- 
 ket there- -there is no other market for 
 them. (Cheers.) At the present mo- 
 ment those potatoes are taxed 15 cents a 
 bushel. If you estimate that an acre 
 will produce from 200 bushels to 400 
 bushels, you will find, taking ths lowest 
 calculati-^i, 200 bushels, that the duty or 
 incubus placed on every acre of land cul- 
 tivated in potatoes ia Prince Edward 
 Island, Nova Scotia and New Brunswick 
 amounts to $30. Sweep away the pres- 
 ent tariil and give us unrestricted recip- 
 rocity with the United States, and what 
 would be the result I Why, our farming 
 industry and our funu lnndti would go up 
 
14 
 
 with a hound ; every lujin snd every 
 farmer would know that he could put in 
 p crop and cuHivate hia !and, because 
 that large country alongside of us 
 
 AFFORDED A BOUNDLESS MARKET 
 
 for his enteqwise ; he would know that 
 that country could take whatever he had 
 to dispose of and his fa.m would immedi- 
 ately improve to the extent of 830 per acre 
 per annum . Take the farmers of Ontario. 
 It IS not very far out of the way to say 
 that Ontario farms do not produce over 
 eighteen bushels of wheat to the acre on 
 the average, say twenty bushels if you 
 like. The whole value of one acre of 
 wheat in Ontario would not amount to as 
 much as a farmer in Nova Scotia or 
 Prince Edward Island or New Bruns- 
 wick, would save on the dutv on potatoes 
 sant to the United States, 'it must al- 
 ways be remembered that we have no 
 other market for those products. Canada, 
 aa we call it in the Lowr,r Province, for 
 we call it Canada stil! and always shall, 
 takes no part of ou'- products, it takes 
 nothing from th Lower Provinces in the 
 shape of natural products for it has its 
 own. (Hear, hear.) The West Indies 
 take our potatoes only to a very small 
 extent, only a few cargoes, nothing in 
 proportion to the annual product. Thev 
 don't go to England, because England 
 sends them out sometimes to the United 
 States themselves, and here we are along- 
 side of the markets that want them in the 
 country we hav^ at hand to send them' to, 
 nc matter what the duty may be. I do 
 not like to repeat that here, as it might 
 be -epeated against our case when 
 argued elsewhere, but I do repeat here 
 Mr. Speaker, ' 
 
 IN THE JNTEREST OF OUR FARMERS 
 
 that if the duty was 80 cents a bushel, 
 and it only gave the farmers of the Mari- 
 time Provinces 5 cents a bushel or even 
 2 cents a bushel, they must send their 
 goods to this market. Under such a 
 condition of affairs when it is a matter of 
 life or death to them, I say, Sir, with all 
 the responsibility that belongs to the 
 statement, that there is only one is»u« 
 
 l)efore us down there an(J that is either 
 RECIPROCITY OR REPEAL. (Cheers.) I say, 
 Sir, that Nova Scotia when we had an op' 
 portunity nntrammclied by all the influ- 
 ence, and corrupt influence of a corrupt 
 Government— I say. Sir, wlien we had a 
 legitimate expression of public opinion in 
 Nova Scotia, aad when we went before 
 the people of Nova Scotia under a proper 
 Franchise Act, not being controlled by 
 returning officers or corrupt revising bai-- 
 risters, the honest opinion of the people 
 of Nova Scotia was in favor of repeal. 
 (Applause.) If there is anything that is 
 going to make them contented with the 
 Union to-day it is to make them feel that 
 the people here who are responsible for 
 the policy of the country at the present 
 momentous time are laboring to secure 
 them a market which wih open to them 
 a channel by which they may realize the 
 fruits of their industry. I say, and I re- 
 peat it again, that there is only one 
 course open to them, and I say it here as 
 I have said it before in my own county 
 and elsev/here, there is only one question 
 for us in the Maritime Provinces to-day 
 — that is reciprociti/ or rejwal. (Hear, 
 hear.) If you do not choose to labor to 
 give us unrestricted reciprocity with the 
 United States that feeling ef repeal which 
 is latent to-day will spring up again in all 
 its force. 
 
 Mr. MILLS (Annapolis). It is dead 
 long ago. 
 
 Mr. JONES (Halifax)— The hon. gen- 
 tleman says "hear, hear." 
 
 Mr. TUPPEE (Picton)— He said re- 
 peal was dead and buried lorg ago. 
 
 Mr. MILLS (Annapolis)— It is dead 
 
 Mr. JONES (Halifax)— The hon. gen- 
 tleman will find out in his own country, 
 if he ventures to follow his patty to the 
 extern, which his approval would appear 
 to indicate ; he will find if he goes to 
 the electors of Nov* Scotia at no distant 
 date what the public sentiment is on 
 that particluar point. I listened to the 
 hon. gentleman from Bruce (Mr.McNeill) 
 this afternoon, when he referred to this 
 question. He taunted us to go to the 
 country and obtain an expression of 
 opinion on the policy we advocate. Mr. 
 
19 
 
 re- 
 
 S^aker, w© are not in a position to ad- 
 vise or control a dissolution of this 
 House, but, Sir, the hon. gentleman and 
 his friends are in that position, and let 
 them dare to go to the country on this 
 question o£ unrestricted reciprocity. 
 (Loud applause.) 
 
 Mr. McNEILL— I wish for one 
 moment to explain to the hon. gentle- 
 man. I did not suggest that he ought to 
 go to the country in that sense. I sug- 
 gested he ought to take a favorable op- 
 portunity for holding an election for the 
 office of poundkeeper upon the annex- 
 ation platform. 
 
 Mr. JONES (Halifax)— I suppose the 
 hon. gentleman under those circum- 
 stances is prepared to be the candidate. 
 (Great laughter.) I say, Sir, when the 
 hon. gentleman who is challenging this 
 side of the House ^vith temerity and de- 
 sired us to opfn a constituency and try 
 the qt estioD of unrestricted reciprocity, 
 that one constituency vould do no good. 
 Let him and his friends dissolve this House 
 and go the country, and then we will see a 
 corporal's guard scarcely, of those hon- 
 orable, patriotic gentlemen who are will- 
 ing to suffer for their country but do not 
 seem disposed to die for their country. 
 (Cheers.) Now, Sir, the hon. member 
 for Cardwell, (Mr. White) said that Mon- 
 treal and Toronto are very prosperous. I 
 am glad to hear it, and it is only natural 
 that it should be so. I am glad to hear 
 it, I repeat, as lam always glad to hear 
 of any part of the Dominion or any other 
 place being prosperous. But, Sir, it is 
 very easy of explanation. We know 
 that since this^Govemment has been in 
 power within the last ten years they have 
 added within a fraction of 
 
 ONE HUNDRED MILLION DOLLARS 
 
 to the gross public debt of this country. 
 We knf^w that they have taken from 
 eighty to one hundred million dollars 
 more than they ought to have done out 
 of the taxf ayers of this country by the 
 iniquitous National Policy. (Applause.) 
 We know, Sir, that those two large sums 
 of money going 'ito circulation and that 
 Montreal and Toiouto V)cing the centres 
 
 of commerce in the east and west of the 
 old Province of Canada, most naturally 
 haqe a great share of the advantage. We 
 know, Sir, '.,hat those largest centres of 
 commerce, attract the largest amount 
 of capital, and the property which had 
 been distributed throvigh the Dominion 
 by mean of those expenditures of 
 from one hundred and eighty to two hun- 
 dred million dollars has borne its fiiiit 
 and those cities have been advanced. 
 They have been advanced in no other 
 way ; they have been advanced at the 
 cost of the whole of the rest of the Dom- 
 inion, and just as long as thos3 large 
 cities go on and prosper in this way the 
 rural districts will suffer to that extent. 
 (Hear, hear.) But, Sir, have they im- 
 proved as much as it would appear from 
 this statement. I notice that at a 
 public meeting of the Board of Trade 
 called at Montreal the o'«ner day that i 
 Mr. Drummond, 
 
 THAT EMINENT SUGAR REFINER 
 
 of Montreal, who is the president, de- 
 livered an address, which I think the hon. 
 <rentlemen opposite would find very in- 
 structivs if they read it. The speech was 
 with reference to the Government as- 
 suming the debt of the Harbor Commis- 
 sion in Montreal. 1 do not propose 
 offering an opinion upon the assumption 
 ot that debt, but I will say thismuch, Mr. 
 Speaker, that it would have been a much 
 more legitimate appropriation of the pub- 
 lic funds of this country to cheapen the 
 harbor in Montreal and reduce the ex 
 pense attending the. imports and exports 
 ot that large centre of commerce, than to 
 have given the large sum of money they 
 did give to a member of their adminis- 
 tratfon to build up a rival railway to the 
 Intercolonial which is owned by the Ad- 
 ministration. Now, Sir, what did Mr. 
 Drummond say! 
 
 " In opening the meeting he spoke iu a 
 manner that was little short of mutinous to 
 his friends at Oltaw Hitherto, Se said, the 
 impression had prevailed that Montreal 
 would come out all right, no matter what 
 happened ; but now there was no use minc- 
 i " matters, and it must be stated openly 
 thfti th'-B city had arrived at a crisis m \u his- 
 
XU 
 
 tory. The charges in the harbor of Montreal 
 were three or four times as great as those in 
 the port of New York, and whilst the exports 
 of tiie country had gone on increasing enor- 
 mously during the last ten years the trade of 
 Montreal had remained almost stationary. 
 Montrealers had for years been amusing 
 themselves in discussing plans for remedying 
 the evil, but nothing really had been done, 
 and to-day they were forced to acknowledge 
 that Montreal was not in a position to com- 
 pete with American ports. Outward exports 
 were taking the route by way of New York 
 because carriage alone was charged and all 
 dues were abolished. This was not a Mont- 
 real question, but a national question, and it 
 was gratifying to find that over one hundred 
 members of the House of Commons had 
 wiedged their support to it." 
 
 It evidently seemed that they had done a 
 little log rolling around the House and 
 had secured the promised support of one 
 hundred members of the Hoube of Com- 
 • mona. 
 
 " The time had arrived for plain speaking. 
 The port of Montreal was hastening with 
 rapid strides to a condition of bankruptcy." 
 
 This is one of the cities which has been 
 so highly favored by the National Policy, 
 and Mr. Drummond continuts : 
 
 "The income of the harbor commissioners 
 was not sufficient to carry on the ordinarv 
 routine work of the port, and the inevitable 
 result of bankruptcy or repudiation was close 
 at hand unless the Government took imme- 
 diate action." ("Applause.) 
 
 Now, whether Mr Drummond was right 
 or wrong, that statement on the face of 
 it does not convey the coleur de rose as- 
 pect of the prosperity of Montreal, which 
 hon. gentlemen on the otlier side seem 
 so desirous to Jiiake out. Hon. gentle- 
 men have stated during this deimte that 
 this policy was ^oing to injure the nianu- 
 facturei's. I need not go into that 
 branch of the question because my hon. 
 friends who preceded lue have dealt 
 with that question -in such an exhaustive 
 manner that it in completely unanswer- 
 able. L t ine take one or two illustra- 
 tions. It is evident, il the public prints 
 can be relied on, that the Ontario manu 
 facturers are not all of tliat opinion. We 
 Uavt'. Kceis frojii il;iy to day stutri-Kuta 
 
 m&de by Ontario manufacturers that 
 they are 
 
 NOT .VPPREHENdlVE OF THF RESULT 
 
 of unrestricted reciprocity ; and these 
 are men with a knowledge ot their busi- 
 ness, with ample capacity and ample in- 
 dustry. I say that wherever a manufac- 
 tory was establisJied under proper man- 
 agement previous to the introduction of 
 the National Policy, it lias succeeded, if 
 not to a great extent of late years, to a 
 sufficient extent to yield a tair return on 
 the capital invested. My hon. friend 
 the other night quoted also Mr. 
 Gibson, one ot the oldest and 
 most enterprising business men in 
 the Province of New Brunswick, who 
 has built up a large cotton mill in that 
 Province. He was interviewed on thife 
 question, and what was his answer ? He 
 said : "So far from Tny dreading unre- 
 stricted reciprocity, or apprehending any 
 diflSculty in connection with my industry 
 from it, I should feel satisfied that it 
 would open up to me a market of 65,000- 
 
 000 people, instead of 4,500,000 as at 
 present ;" and Mr. Gibson is a man 
 vboee judgment as a business man is 
 relied on more than any other man in 
 the Province of New Brunswick, and I 
 may say in the Province of Nova Scotia 
 as well. (Applause.) He was able to 
 gauge the condition of his entei-prise so 
 well that when the question was put to 
 him, he was ready to answer 
 at once and emphatically that so 
 far from his apprehending anything dis- 
 advantageous to his cotton industry, un- 
 restricted reciprocity w«s just what he 
 desired to see carried into effect. Then, 
 
 1 am informed by an h'^n. member of 
 this House that the other day one of the 
 proprietors of the new sugar refinery to 
 be built in Montreal, in convei-sa'tion 
 with him, said : "We are putting in all 
 our machinery of the most improved pat- 
 tern, and are building oui' refinery ac- 
 cording to the most improved methods, 
 and if the unrestricted policy pravails, 
 and we have 
 
 A MAKKET IN THE UNrPED STATES, 
 then, insti-ad uf JiHving oui marktl on ei- 
 
17 
 
 <;iowded every little while, we shall be 
 able to compete successfully iu rfll the 
 border and Western States with the 
 American refiners." (Cheers.) Does 
 anyone doubi a statemciit like that? 
 (Hear, hear.) Why should not our re- 
 tiueries in the Lower Provinces, and in 
 Montreal as well, be able to do h, large 
 portion of the business in the American 
 border States { Our climate is good, our 
 labor is cheap, our coal is cheap, and we 
 have capital for our enterpri.ses, and in- 
 stead of these large refining industries 
 evtivy little whilo being brought to a dead 
 stop by orders from the he.\d centre, or 
 being limited in their production by or- 
 ders to produce only so many barrels a 
 day, so that a great many men are thrown 
 out of employment — instead of having 
 that condition of affairs, which will grow 
 worse with the advent of another refinery 
 to compete with them in the market, all 
 these things would be changed, and they 
 would have a con.stant market which 
 would enable them to keep their enter- 
 prises going and giving ample employ- 
 ment to their men all the year round. 
 That is a consideratio)i which triay not 
 have occurred to those lees familiar than 
 lam with that branch of trade. 
 
 THE REFIiNlNG INDUSTRY 
 
 of this country would be one of the first 
 to reap the advantage of unrestricted re- 
 ciprocity. (Cheers.) I have said that 
 We have cheap labor. Can any 
 one doubt that after the exposure 
 made in the city of Quebec the 
 other day before the Labor Commis- 
 sion 1 I noticed by a paper published 
 here that the last statement made there 
 gave the startling fact that mill hands in 
 the city of Quebec could only get 35 cents 
 a day, and that women were laboring in 
 the match factories of Quebec for 15 
 cents a day. Is it any wonder that 
 these people sbuuld be dissatisfied ' 
 Why, one of our Nova Scotian or Cana- 
 dian girls who go to the United States 
 as a doinestic servant is able to earn 
 from $14 to $20 a mor.th and her board, 
 while a poor girl in the Province of 
 Quebec, who perhaps, cannot leave her 
 
 home, is laboring here for S3. 50 a month 
 and paying her board. (Hoar, hear.) 
 If there is anything to show that we 
 would be able to compete in the matter 
 of labor with the people of the Ilnitetl 
 States, it would be that startling fact 
 which was 
 
 REVEALED BEFORE THE LABOR COMMISSION 
 
 the other day. Now, Sir, I will give 
 you a statement with regard to the gen- 
 eral condition of affairs in the Province 
 of Nova Scotia, made iu a letter written 
 by a gentleman in Halifax who worked 
 as hard as anv man in that city to de- 
 feat me in 1878, and succeeded. This 
 gentleman has more small properties in 
 the city of Halifax, and controls more 
 investments than any other man in that 
 city tc-day. I r^fer to Mr. James 
 Thompson. Someone having stated that 
 the value of property would not decrease 
 in Halifax, Mr. Thompson wrote as fol- 
 lows : 
 
 "I saw in the report of a meeting of the 
 Chamber of Commerce a few days since that 
 one of the merchants of this city had assert- 
 ed that the real estate of the Province had 
 increased at least 50 per cent, since Confed- 
 eration, i was somewhat surprised at the 
 statement, and am anxious to know from 
 what sources the facts are derived which 
 would warrant such a conclusion. 
 
 "Some years since I took the trouble to 
 get the amount of the assessment rolls of 
 home of the counties of this Province, and 
 arrived at an entirely opposite conclusion. 
 Taking four leading counties, representing 
 the four of the leading industries, — Cape 
 Breton as representing the coal mining in- 
 terest ; Antigonishas representing the farm- 
 ing interest ; Hants as representing the ship- 
 building interest ; and Queen's ar. represent- 
 ing the lumbering interest, and we will find 
 that the assessment rolls amounted in 1868 
 to $11,316,000, while in 1884— at the time 
 he was writing— they had decreased to leas' 
 than $1,000,000. 
 
 That is the effect it had with us, an d 
 since that time I may say that so far 
 from having improved in value, their 
 value has become less and less from day 
 to day, until, in the city of Halifax at 
 least, it is almost impossible to sell pro- 
 perty at all. I notice in a St. John 
 paper to-day the advertisements of pro- 
 
18 
 
 perty to be disposed oflf at public auction, 
 and the auctioneer puts at the foot of 
 the advertisements the notice , "A.ny 
 bid will be accepted that will more than 
 pay for the taxes and water rates." 
 Well, we have had a large amount of 
 property sold for taxes in Halifax. At 
 one time last year there were some two 
 hundred or three hundred properties ad- 
 vertised for sale 
 
 UNDER THE SHERIFF'S HAMMER, 
 
 and on one occasion a valuable wharf 
 property, which had be«^n a few years 
 ago sold for $40,000, only realized just 
 one-half that amount. You can go 
 through the streets of Halifax, from one 
 end of the city to the other, and I do not 
 hesitate to say that on enquiry you will 
 ttnd that since our free trade with the 
 United States was put ^n end to, the 
 value of property in the city of Halifax 
 has fallen more than 50 per cent. (Hear, 
 hear.) A condition of affairs equally 
 disastrous exists in other parts of the 
 Provinces. Now, I come to the fisher- 
 men. Tne hoii. Minister of Marine and 
 Fisheries must be very unqualified to fill 
 the position he holds, if he does not 
 know more about the interests of our 
 fishermen and the way unrestricted reci- 
 procity would benefit them than he was 
 disposed to admit the other night. Per- 
 haps the lion. geutlemnn in the receipt 
 of his $7,0U0 a year, hardly understands 
 the hardships and toil which our fishor- 
 men go through from year to year. Is 
 he aware th;\t at one or two o'clock in 
 the morniPy, these men rise from their 
 beds, light their candles, co k their fru- 
 gal meals, and go out in their small boats 
 miles from the land, encountering heavy 
 weather, in cold and rainy seasons, and 
 come back in the afternoon with the pro- 
 duct of their day's labor — maybe a few 
 barrels of mackerel, or herring, or a 
 few quintals of codfish 1 What are they 
 to do with their harvest ? These men 
 know when they catch the mackerel, that 
 their only market is the Uniwd States ; 
 they know that only a few of the fish 
 go to the West Indies ; they know that 
 everv mackerel causfhtal ffl" the .Atlantic 
 
 coast,, in the Provi^^e of Nova Scotia, of 
 a, valuable character — what we call otir 
 fat mackerel — must go to the United 
 States, even if the duty were $10 a bar- 
 rel. (Cheers.) These fish do not go to 
 
 THE OLD PROVINCES OK CANADA 
 
 they do not go to England, they cannot 
 go to the West Ind>8, because being fat 
 they will not koep in that hot climate ; 
 so that every barrel of mackerel, no 
 matter what the duty may be, and no 
 matter if it brings a net return of only 
 one or two dollai-s a barrel, must go to 
 the United States or be thrown over- 
 board to rot. I hold in my hand the 
 statement of a vcj^sel, wMch, in 1885, 
 the year after the reciprocity treaty was 
 terminated, landed 800 barrels of mack- 
 erel in the port of Boston. That may 
 seem a large amount to anyone not 
 familiar with the question, and it is a 
 large amount, far above the average. 
 These men under ordinary circumstances 
 would ha\e been able to realize a very 
 fair return, but when they went to the 
 United States and had to pay the duty 
 of $2 a barrel, what was the result i 
 From their hard labor, from the 15th 
 June to the 30th October, in rain and 
 shine, incilm and storm, exposed to the 
 inclemency of that boisterous Atlantic 
 coast, the.se hardr fishermen only realiz- 
 ed, after all that long, hard summer's 
 toil and labor, the paltry si:m of $30 a 
 piece. Can such a condition of affairs be 
 allowed to exist while a remedy is pos- 
 sible? (Cries of no, no.) Can such a 
 condition of affairs be allowed to remain 
 if there is within sight a possible arrange- 
 ment which will open the market to 
 the product of these hardy men ? The 
 Government would be unworthy of the 
 position they occu[>y if they did not strain 
 every efFort, if they did not 
 
 USE EVERY POSSIBLE INFLUENCE 
 
 to open this market. I am not sanguine 
 that we are goinsj to convince any hou. 
 gentleman on the other sic^e. I know 
 how strong is their party allegiance. I 
 know how they will follow their leader, 
 and that we cannot expect to convert 
 
19 
 
 them ; but I know that we have an in- 
 telligent constituency behind every one 
 of them, and it is to those men we are 
 appealing. It is to the intelligent con- 
 stituencies that we are addressing our ob- 
 servations to-day, and it is possible that 
 some Robert Peel may come out from 
 the ranks of the Tory party to carry a 
 great measure as that illustrious states- 
 man did the abolition of the corn laws of 
 England. It may be that some shaft, 
 some argument may go forth, which will 
 ranch the hearts and the convictions of 
 some leader on that side, who, when he 
 aees the momentous interests involved 
 in the trade with 65,000,000 people 
 alongside of us, and sees that by his 
 efforts he may forward a scheme which 
 is going to make two great peoples to a 
 certain extent one, which is going to al- 
 lay a great deal of acrimony and disputes 
 which have prevailed for years past, 
 wlrich is going to do a service and not a 
 di-service to the old country, vrho, when 
 he realizes that England and America 
 are the two greatest countries and 
 
 MAY TOGETHER BID DEFIANCE 
 
 to the world, and that a peaceful set- 
 tlement of the Irish question, which I 
 am proud to say I have always advocat- 
 ed, and which I believe to be nearer ac- 
 complishment to-day than it ever whs in 
 the history of that country, — are now, 
 more than ever, desirable, — who, when 
 he rees the immediate possibility of 
 bringing these two great nations to- 
 gether in peaceful alliance and harmon- 
 ious working, a great Angl< -Saxon race, 
 will not be untrue to his own judgment, 
 wfU not be faithless to his duty, and 
 allow his prejudices to control him, but 
 will give this matter the consideration 
 we have a right to expect from every 
 hon. gentleman here. (Applause.) What 
 is the position of these fishermen to day ? 
 "5500,000 per year is what th« fishermen 
 of tMs country, under the present policy 
 of restriction, pay to the revenue of the 
 United States ; that is when they have a 
 fair catch. All that would be changed, 
 and the $500,000 would go into the 
 pockets of our own fishermen. 
 
 An hon. MEMBER.— No. 
 
 M. JONES (Halifax). The hon. gen- 
 tleman says no, but he is not slitficiently 
 familiar possibly with that branch of the 
 subject to know, as pointed out by the 
 hon. member for Norfolk the other day, 
 that, while we catch a certain quantity of 
 fish, the Americans catch a much larger 
 quantity. The price of these articles is 
 settled by what the Americans produce 
 themselves, and the quantity which we 
 send, which is small to them bat great to 
 U.S, will go there and will not affect the 
 price in their market, and we will obtain 
 the same value. Does anyone suppose 
 that the fishing industry Oi this country is 
 
 TO REMAIN IN THE POSITION 
 
 we find it to-day] Does any hon. mem- 
 ber desire that it shall always be be kept 
 in the same condition, that there shall be 
 no further development of that great in- 
 dustry which a benign Providence has 
 placed within our reach '? What is the 
 use of developing it to any further extent 
 if we have no market 1 What is the use 
 of our people making efforts to build new 
 vessels, to send out new crews and to 
 catch more fish, if we have no market for 
 them ? The market of the United States 
 is the only market we can ever look to to 
 successfully develop to any extent that 
 great fishing industry along our shore.s. 
 Looking at its position to-day, it is a mat- 
 ter of life or dfath to them down on the 
 shore. One hon. gentleman quoted a 
 statement from the Halifax Chamber of 
 Commerce to show that the fishing In- 
 dustry was fairly profiutbl>\ What was 
 said in that was not very committal one 
 way or the other. They said thp.t the 
 prices were low in the early part of the 
 season, but that, as they had advanced 
 considerably later in the season, the re- 
 sult of the year's fishery had been fairly 
 successful. How was that brought about? 
 If the hon. gentleman had known this 
 fact perhaps he would not have given this 
 the prominence he did. In the early part 
 of the season fish were very low. Then 
 we found that we 
 
 HAD HARDLY A GOOD CATCH. 
 
 That wat not. however, the important 
 
20 
 
 ftictor. The fisheries in St. Pierre- 
 Miquelon, which had been so much re- 
 duced the previous year, in spite of the 
 enormous bounty of 10 francs per quintal, 
 were still further I'educiHl, and they did 
 not send out one-half of tho number they 
 sent out the previous year, and so re- 
 duced the catch of the previous season. 
 The catch in Newfoimdhuid was short, 
 and it was ahnost a failui'e in Labrador ; 
 iiiid then came tiie news that the great 
 Norwegian fishery, one of the largest m 
 the world, counted by millions, had been 
 ii I'ailui'e to a very great extent. Wh'in 
 all this was known in the consuiiing 
 markets of Europe and elsewhere of 
 course there was an advance in fish, and 
 our men to that extent realized an ad- 
 vantage ; but we cannot hope to expect, 
 and we do not desire to see any such con- 
 dition of affairs again. However, if it 
 liad not been ' c that condition of affairs, 
 had it not been for the failure in all these 
 places to which I have referred, the fish- 
 ing interefst in Nova Scotia would have 
 been a very poor aflair last year. (Hear, 
 Lear.) But what had ii been for the few 
 ytars previous ] If the Hon. gentleman 
 bid been really interested in that ques- 
 tion, he would ha'.e known that in the 
 three previous years, instead of that in- 
 dustry being productive at all, the men 
 had barely made a living out of it. 
 
 PRICES WERE so LOW, 
 
 "while tlie catches were large, and the 
 United States markets were closed to 
 them, that cur own people as well as 
 those in Newfounciland reduced their 
 outfit and their catches »8 well. But, 
 give UP access to the United State iriar- 
 ket, gi.e us access to the fifty or sixty 
 millions of people alongside o'i as, 
 then our fishing industry, with the 
 millions and millions which are in- 
 volved in it, would go forward with 
 leaps and bounds, and there would be 
 such an increase in that branch of com- 
 merce as would give wealth to that part 
 of the country. (Great cheering.) The 
 hon. gentleman asked us what was a 
 natural market, and he said that France, 
 if nearneso 'was to bo couSidcred, 'Vvas a 
 
 more natural market for England, than 
 some of the distant jdaces with which 
 England had much greater commercial 
 relations. The hon. '▼entlenian migut 
 have stilted his case with equal fore, if 
 he had given uh the whole condition of 
 affitirs, if he had sfuted that there were 
 only two countries in the world with 
 which England had greater trade re- 
 lations than with the French nation 
 alongside of her, and those are India 
 and the United States. India, with its 
 Imndreds of millions of people, nmst 
 be and natur illy will be for a long time 
 the greatest market that England 
 possesses, and the United States that 
 Anglo-Saxon country, 
 
 IS THE NEXT GREATEST CONSUMER 
 
 of her products ; but the French nation 
 alongside, of her, was also valuable to 
 her, as $230,000,000 were taken by the 
 French during the year, according to the 
 public records, and although the ho.i. 
 gentleman may not think that a very 
 large amount, I consider ic sufficient to 
 establish the fact, that but for the im- 
 mediate proximity of France to England, 
 but for the free trade policy inaugurated 
 by Mr. Cobden, and subsequently car- 
 ried out to a certain extent, introducing 
 better trad»^ relations between those 
 counties, it would not have amounted to 
 the large sum it did. I would like the 
 hon. the Minister of Marine to go long 
 the coast when he visits Halifax next 
 year, instead of allowing his gunboat to 
 go down the shore electioneering in the 
 county of Shelburne, instead of send- 
 ing her down to sound along every little 
 harbor in the county of Slielbume, but 
 of course )iot to make promises. Oh, no, 
 we have the work of the gallant member 
 for Shelburne (Gen. Laurie), that he 
 made no promises, I do not say he did 
 but I say that, he went down on bosurd 
 that Dominion gunboat ' , ith theDominion 
 flag flying over his head, and the so- 
 called engineer going into every port 
 along that coast and iiounding, and say- 
 ing this would be a nice place for a wharf, 
 and that would be 
 
SI 
 
 A SICK PLACE FOR A DRF.AKWATKK, 
 
 and you must require a lighthouse here 
 _I do not Bay he made any promiseg, but 
 the inference would be nauu-al. If the 
 Minister of Marine, instead ol aUow ng 
 his navy lo be employed »^ *1'** ^''y; 
 ^ould go along our coasts himself a„u 
 n.dge of all these .juestions, 1 thmkjK^ 
 Ud be in a mu^h l.Uer po.t.on^to 
 
 ^-^rg^^Tewo^ldh^th.^^^ 
 f^.Hhermen are leaving us and going to the 
 United States, as I am sorry to «ay. 1 e 
 hon member for Bruce (Mr >^cNeul) 
 wo'ld .ay that sentiment should keep 
 them at home and let them starve. Sen- 
 timent is very strong, but a man cannot 
 li^on sentiment alone, and, when these 
 hardy 6shermen go out m one of our 
 own vessels and Gsh by the side of an 
 American vessel, and the American ves- 
 sel takes 1,000 quintals of ^sb and or 
 vessel takes 1,000 qumtal of fish and our 
 o^ men are on board that American 
 vessel go into an American port, and get 
 ^-,0 cents a (luintals more than the man 
 who lands his fish in Nova Scotia, I say 
 tha-. sentiment will stand a very shoi-t 
 time against such an argument as that. 
 I know, from my own experience, that a 
 large number of vessels last season were 
 prevented from going into the fashery be- 
 cause they could not obtain the crews 
 because the men had ajl gone to the 
 United States. Go down to tho Island 
 ot Cape Breton. My hon. triendi from 
 Cap*^ Breton here will bear rio out- 
 Gen. LAURIE. Hear, hear. 
 Mr JONES (Halifax). The hon. 
 ..entleman confirms my statement as i 
 knew he woald from his frankness. 
 (Cheers.) But I ^y, go down to the 
 Island of Cape Breton, and there you will 
 titul that almost all the population, a 
 larac number of people there who used lO 
 be engaged incur sbora fishery, ha>o gone 
 
 to the United States. 
 
 An hon. MEMBER. No. ■ 
 y... JONES (F lif ax). I know bet- 
 ter, for I am 6ng ,cd in that business 
 myself. Years ago we used to have tens 
 of thousands of valuable 'chore fish 
 
 brought to the Halifax market and ex- 
 ported all over the world ; that branch of 
 commerce, as far as regards the shore 
 fisheiv, is a thing of the paat. Those 
 „,en have gone banking, and ""der '»'« 
 new condition ot affaii-s, and nhen they 
 found that our fishing vesseis could not 
 tisu on as favorable terms as the Ameiv 
 cans, they emigrated to the States and 
 engaged on board American vessels. 
 When they go there they make acquaint- 
 ances, acquaintance leads to friendshii., 
 friendship leads to settlement, and settle- 
 ment genemlly leads to marriage, and 
 the United States reaps the advantage wo 
 lose from their in-lustry. This operation 
 has been repeated from year to year as 
 the years roll round. Now Sir, the 
 National Policy was started, if I remem- 
 ber rightly— I do not wish to miarepre- 
 sent the Government-with four objects. 
 The first was to encourage manufacture^, 
 second to increase our trade with Eng- 
 land, third to reduce our trade with the 
 United States, and fourth 
 
 TO'SECURK RFXlPROt'ITY. 
 
 Now let us examine for one moment how 
 far these objects have been Eecured. laice 
 the manufactures first. Certain mann^ 
 factures, no doubt, have been established 
 in certain parts of the Dominion and 
 certain manufactures have made large 
 sums of money. There were large manu^ 
 factures before the National Po icy, which 
 yielded a fair return. Take the city of 
 Halifax, which I represent- what did the 
 National Policy lead to there? I ven- 
 ture to sav that so far as tht Province of 
 Nova Scotia is concerned, the operation 
 ;f the National Policy has teen a curse 
 instead of a blessing. (Cheers.) What 
 do we see with reference to the Halifax 
 su<Tar refinery; $400,000 were put in 
 that refinery. It went on for a year or 
 two, but it lost all its capital, and owed 
 the bank $250,000 besides. The bank 
 sold out the property to the present pro- 
 prietors, minu. SIOCOUO which they 
 lost ; therefore there was just half a mil- 
 lion dollars lost in the Halifax sugar re- 
 finery since it started. What it may do 
 in the future I do net know, I only 
 
23 
 
 hope it uiay have a Kucceseful careT. 
 Then, again, yon take tlie supar refinery 
 ucroBS the liarbor. it was built by En- 
 glish capitalistB at the cost of $700,000, 
 and was one of the most thorough re- 
 hnerieK in the country. It ran over 
 twelve months and then failed. It was 
 
 TAKEN OVER BY THE BCDIIOLDER-S 
 
 for less than 0300,000, and it is now 
 starting under their management. 
 Therefore, taking these two operations 
 alone, I show you most conclusively — no 
 man can gainsay it — that i»i the city of 
 Halifax alone, there had been one mil- 
 lion dollars wasted, lost to the capitalists 
 of that couutry — let alone the cotton 
 factory in Halifax, che stocL of which 
 would not brin^ 50 cents in the market 
 to day, costing $350,000, This is the 
 l)eneficent effect ot the National Policy 
 80 far as we are concerned. Well, Sir, 
 have they increased our trade with Eng- 
 land, and diminished it with the United 
 Stales, as they prouised 1 We find that 
 our exports to England, in 1878, wei-e 
 $45,941,000 ; ia 1887, they afaounted to 
 $44,571,000, or $1,869,693 less in 1887 
 th a in 1878. Then take our exports to 
 the United States, '^'e -vere not going to 
 do any moro business with the United 
 States, remember; we were going to teach 
 them a lesson and build up a Chinese 
 wall. Our exports to the United States 
 in 1878 amounted to $25,244,898 ; in 
 1«87, to $87,660,199, or an increase of 
 $12,415,000 durmg that time. Then 
 take the aggregate. In 1878, the ag- 
 gregate with Great Britain was $83,372.- 
 279 ; in 1887, $89,534,079, or a gain 
 of$6,162.760. Then take the United 
 States. The aggregate trade in 1878 
 was $73,876,437 ; in 1887, $82,767,265 
 or a gain of $8,890,728. Therefore in 
 this respect you will see that so far from 
 the National Policy increasing our com- 
 mercial relations with England, 
 
 IT HAS REDUCED THEM ; 
 
 and 80 far from decreasing car trrade with 
 the United States it has increased it ; 
 in t>iese two respbots it has been a total 
 failure (Applause.) Now, Sir, what we 
 
 want Ijelow.as I said before, is free access 
 to our customers across the line. Wo are 
 here 4j millions of people, speaking the 
 samo language, as \vx3 often been ob- 
 served, with tLe same natural tendencies 
 for trade, with the same ind" .try, £ hope, 
 and with the san e ca;)ability for busi- 
 n^8>, I believe. I say. Sir, that if you 
 ^n bring these two countrie? into closer 
 commercial relations, and by some ar- 
 rangement acceptable to the jieople of the 
 United States, entered into at this favor- 
 able moment when the peo; e of the 
 United States seem to be considering this 
 question, if the Government ctn make a 
 proposal to them which will bru ^ about 
 such a change as I have indict '>ed, then 
 I think we shall be fortuaate ina.'ed. We 
 want, mor30ver, in any arrangement 
 made the coasting trade free to us from 
 the Atlantic to San Francisco. (Cheers.) 
 Imagine, Mr. Speaker, what efiect it 
 would have upon 
 
 THE GREAT SHIP-BUILDING INTERESTS 
 
 of the Lower Provinces, of the Province 
 of Quebec, and, of course, of the Western 
 Provinces as well. We are naturally 
 situated for ship-building ail along the 
 Atlantic coast. 'There is not a harbor 
 along that long coast line, there is not a 
 creek on the eastern or western shores 
 but where you will see small vessels and 
 vessels of very considerable tonnage be- 
 ing built year by year. They can be built 
 more, economically with us than in the 
 United Staies, because the wood is at ' .r 
 hands, and they are built by our own peo- 
 ple largely during the season when there 
 is no other employment or occupation. 
 (Hear, hear.) Imagine, I say, if you 
 throw open to tl |)eople of the Maritime 
 Proviiit."es that preat boon, the right to 
 buy American ships or to sell our vessels 
 in their market, what an impstus it 
 would gi e along our sea coast. The 
 Americans cannot compete with us as 
 regards the cost of vessels. I repeat that 
 their wood is more expensive and there 
 is a dilFefence in values of about twenty- 
 five or thirty per cent. This has always 
 given us a certain advantage in 
 our fishing outfits and enterprises, 
 
23 
 
 " we had accrHs i 
 
 Hnd fi,k,™„P /wh eh h '"'■:","'""" "'.Tent "'l,,' ';" "'""""te, v.lS 
 
 •ediatHy takfi advan<2« ^ ""'"^ "»■ «eq"ence« nf ^ ^''.''f^ '"« natural con 
 
 t»^do of the rn./ > !, to« coasting mr^A-t- ^°"'" aj.provo -mv i 
 
 »« ti , ^^ ^""•ed States Fr, n .i." ^^^noHiong an,! *»,„ ; . •*"> audi 
 
 quotation made by the AM -T"'' '" « 
 lnteriorfr„„.„^";« M^'ster of the 
 
 j^rti^t, „e wriEorrr™",' p.- 
 
 " Whot'eTtSt' '"«'>"■»" m« 
 T'eb„„„^^'fa„V^d„., _ 
 in thJo , ., *^ ' 
 
 .7" '-™cucea Hou. GenV-o^ p '' "" «r • ™""i wider yet." 
 
 thought that if dead ml °^1 ^'^'^"' ^ ^^ *° t^'s matter ar^ • ^ 
 
 '•atcle in their g;a;e3rrf' ''""'' ^°"^d .^/•^ds, and thiatestLrr^ *° «° ^or- 
 
 come to us ffom th« ,* ''^'^^ ^o"ld Cheers.) We are hn A^ '""^ *° «t^y. 
 
 dictions would we hear r''.""^** ^^^«- '""'^"^^"^ conclus'on if *° "^''y '* *" a 
 
 former that any utteranf"'". *^" ^^'^ ^e- year or ne^t Tear buV -.T?"^ "^^' ^^ ^^s 
 
 ^'ver be construed inf^ °^ ^'^ '^°^^d the hon. gentimin " '•*''" * ^«^ years 
 
 .-»ntry is VbSirt th/^"^ *^^« P"^^'^ °P'^i- in hxf 1^°^ 'r'^ht that 
 
 •"^nt, (Hear. bear"°T?at n./pT* "^^ T'^'"" ''^« motion whichTh '^ ^"' "«* 
 
 ^••hn devoted h^,, whole Kf^ R*^iovmer, to adopt, that ""^''^ *^«^ ^''e going 
 
 'in* jrce irom it a oV,„ i i *" ""eeinc' 
 
 *or us fr e trade „ ?^'' *° »«c»ring ^^blic opinion wii,. «p - 
 
 goodofhisfpll^ ' ^"'^ *o promoting thf •*.. . "'' "^^^ «= -'^ harmony 
 
 ''CbrouXfr ? <''■«'• "-rote co,,I, w"""^ Canwright) m °'''' (^ir 
 
 "^ea ,^ times under ^i.-a- '' ^' "e eflbrrs • ,. " ,iPeo2)le wiJl aoDrov^ 
 
 stances. He lived in r'^""* ^^'•«"'"- Tted /h ^ ^.? '^''«' ^hen the? 'rl T 
 njerce was fJ^ I *'™®« when com ?• ' .^^^ ^'^ see the vi.«l ^ ^ ^^"■ 
 for "'"^' ^^-^twas aeces:r; ^VK^ *° '^ ^° '-Ti^sr^^'^ 
 
 J' wLith they are concerned ^n^L*''-^ 'n 
 . A HOUSEHOLDER TO GO „.. f T^^° "''' assistance W« '^'^ ^ 
 
24 
 
 the following amendment to the amend- 
 ment : — 
 
 That in any aiTargement between Canada 
 and the United States providing for the free 
 iranortation into each country of the natural 
 ana manufaciured productions of the other, 
 it ifl highly desirable that it should be pro- • 
 vided that during the continuance of any 
 such arrangemeni the coasting trade of Can'- 
 
 ada p.nd of the United States should be 
 thrown open to vessels of both countries on 
 a footing of complete reciprocal equality, 
 and that vessels of all kinds built in the 
 United States or Canada may be owned and 
 sailed by the citizens of the other and be en- 
 titled to registry in either country and to all 
 the benefits thereto appertaining. (Great 
 Applause.)