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32X

A. FEW REMARKS

O.V THE

MEETING AT MONTREAL FOR THE

FORMATION OP AN ASSOCIATION

FOR THE

Promotion and Protection of the Educational

Interests of Protestants in

Lower Canada.

RepuUished from the Lower Canada Journal of Education.

♦ '■» ♦

MONTREAL :
PRINTED BY EUSEBE SENEGAL, 4, ST. VINCENT STREET.

1864

ir
ai

A. FE-W HEMABKS

ON THE
^lEETIAO AT MONTKEAL FOR THE

FORMATION OF THE ASSOCIATION

FOll THE

Promotion and Pkotection or the Educational

Interests of Protestants in

Lower Canada.

A meetiii':: for the above obiects wne hoM ;,. ^k t\t i • .
at Montreal/on the 27lh Semjmbi, It w 'V ^ ^^'"^^

report puih.hed in fhe city aner "t^es .h^, TL"r/"''r^'- ^''«
fair, though ,he hall was notSille I? Rev. M McVi'; ?'' T
report u, which it was stated that on uVe 30.h M .v the p'h "^
man issneii to Protestant .Ministers S.-hnnl ri ^•^'- ^^''"'■"
others specially interested in Kes.ant edn • ^"'"'"'•^■^'O"^'-^- and
containing thefollowing queries ^^^'^^''^''^ « printed crcular

1st. Ill what respects are leo-islative pinnfmontc •. ■ .

adverse U, the uueiests of ProTest^ntTirLre'S;;;^^^^
2nd. What facts can you fnrni<h to show tlT.f •

of the educafonal la/s is p ejudicia ^ P 1^^^^^

your locality ? P'^^juiuciai lo 1 rotestant jnteresls in

3rd. What amendments would von snrrrr,.st f,,- »•
and protection of the educational i,tee.??P.o e^',' r""?''']

A coMsulerable number of answers to thi, cir^n a w . T^-"'
from various parts of the rnnnfrv nlJ \r , ■ /^"'^ lecrived

renewed, ike LnJJ^la^Xlc ^^^Zl^^l 'jf '"Z^^'^y
submitted in the Report. ^"Jormation thus obtained was

The Report having been read, on motion nfi\Tr R r

A,,«,c,atio„,' for ti.e pra.nolion ainl pro leo I M of i ^ ^^'' '°''''
«...r.M. of P,„,e„„„t, i„ Lower C^n.^ra^'ra^han,,:'':^;';;:!';]

gentlemen be the officers and coaimiitee, with power to add to
their number— Win. liUnn. i'>q., Chiiirman ; James Ferrier, Jr.,
Esq., Tieasurer ; Secretaries : Revd. Messrs. Irvins ami McVicar.
Committee: Revd. Dis. VVilkes,Taylor, Bancroft, Hamilton, Kempt,
Bonner, Cordner, Elliot, Douirlass, Alexaniler and Brand ; and
Messrs. C. Alexander, E. At water, T. M. Bryson, J. Becket, J.
Court, VV. TI. A. Davies, (ieor;jre Frotliini?liam, John (ireenshields,
W. Kin;;, B. Lyman, II. Lyman, (J. Modatt, Jr., VVm. Murray,
Ceorsre H. Muir, James Milne, T. M. Taylor, Hu^h Taylor, John
Torrance, Jr., Joseph Watson, Rt;vd. L. C. Wurleie, Acton Vale j
Revd. W. Merrick, Acton Vale; E. S. Humming, Em\., Drum-
mundville ; D. Bain, Belle-Riviere; W. Morrisoi,, Esq., St. Eus-
tache; Dr. Cattinach, Alexandria; Principal Graham, Riclimondj
N. Botluvell, Esq., Wickham ; Jeffrey Hale, Esq., Quebec ; C. L.
Burroughs, E:»q. Lachute."

Proceedings were terminated with prayer by RevcK Dr. Snod-
grass, who also addressed the meeting, "commeting upon the
backwardness hitherto of Protestants, imputing to Miem.selves alone
all the blame for the unfavorable position of their schools and
educational system ; and making an eloquent appeal on behalf o
the two Protestant model schools of Montreal, urging Protestants tof
greater '. il and liberality in support of their educational insti-
tution .'

Wb ' >' e, as a strict rule, abstained in this paper from anything
which could savour of polemics, and have allowed all attacks oa
the Educational Department, and on the paper itself, to puf-r. unno-
ticed. We believe, however, that we would be wanting in our
duties to ourselves and the public did we not offer a few remarks
on the proceedings at the recent meeting and on the assertions
contained in the Report.

We will first call the attention of our readers to the nature of
the enquiries made by the Committee. Their correspondents were
not asked to inform them how the school laios operated, but "to
furnish the Committee with facts to show that the carrying out of
the Educational Laws is prejudicial to Protestant interests." All
the facts thus advertised for,and leported accordingly, were not indis-
criminately published; but, aftei a careful reviav, what hr.d been,
deemed the material part of the information was embodied in the
Report. It would be but natural tosuppo.se that ihese facts,thus care-
fully selected, are those which have been judi'ed the most likely to
support the proposition quod erat demonstrandum, id est, " that the
working of the school laws is prejudicial to Protestant interests."

It is also to be remarked that no enquiry was ever made by the
Committee at the Education OiTice to test the correctness of the
several allegations contained in the Report before submitlin2 it to
the meeting, which, also, without further enquiry, immediately upon
its being read, ordered it to be printed and extensively circulated,
thus accepting as well founded all the assertions put forth.

We will also observed that in the Repoit, and in most of the
speeches made on the occasion, it was implicitly assumetl that the
law relating to dissentient schools affects Protestants alone, the fact

tc
PI

«
I

that there are Catholic dissentients and dissentient school*), and
that their interests are identical with tho.se of Protestants in the
matter, was altogether ignored. In fact, almost every sentence in
the Reprrt in which the word Protebtant occurs mij^lit be very
properly amended by adding tlie wonis and Catholic immediately
after.

According to the last Report of the Superintendent, there are 50
schools under the control otCalJiolic Dissentietit Tinslees, with an
attendance of 1,874 pupils ; ami 128 schools under Pr^lestant Dis-
sentient Trustees, with 4,263 pupils.

When it is asserted that the propeity of Protestants is taxt-d to
support Catholic schools, it should in common fairness be added
that the property of Catholics is also, in the same mjimier, taxed
to support Protestant schools. But, it may be askeil, is it not
possible that a law could be framed sotliat the property of Catholics
should never be taxed for Proles'ant sclioola and vice versa ? This
has not been as yet attempted, either in Upper or Lower Canada.
The laws in both sections of the country only facilitate the
establishing of separate schools by allowing persons of a different
religious persuasion from that of the majority to pay their taxes
towards the support of such schools where they can be estab-
lished.

In Lower Canada a difficulty arose as to the interpretation ofthe
word inhabitant. Judge Coursol (a Catholic) ileciiicd that under
that name a non-resident miijht pay liis taxes to tlie Dissentients;
Judge Short (a Proles'.ant) decided tliat tlie word inhabitant could
only mean a resident. The Attorney General, Hon. Mr. Sicotte,
brought in a bill containing the following clause :

•* Anil whereas doubts have existed respecting the payment of
the school Assessments by non-resident proprietors, be it enacted
that in future all non-resident proprietors in any municipality where
there shall exist a Dissentient school, shall have it in their power
to declare, in writing, in the same manner as all other rate-payers,
that they intend to support the Dissentient schools within such,
municipality, and on their doing so, they shall be liable to be
assessed for their lands situated therein by the Trustees of the
Dissentient schools only; and the lands belonging to non-resident

Proprietors who shall not have made such declaration as provided
y law, shall he asses>ed by the School Commissisners and for
the benefit of the Corporation of School Commissioners alone ; and
be it also enacied that no action shall lie against the School Com-
missioners or against the School Trustees for the recovery of
moneys which before the passage of this act shall have been paid
to them by non-resident proprietors, nor aganist non-resiilent
proprietors by the School Comrni--sioners for arrears of as-essment
which tliey may have paid to the School Trustees, and vice
versa."

This clause was made a matter of reproach, not only to Mr.
Sicotte but to the Superintendent, who was suppo.sed to have
recommended it, and the Montreal HV/ne.ss published the lollowiiig
remarks.

*' Tho SiiperintencleiU himsolf knows well enouch that the law
is not at all decisive on this [)()int, that it settles iiotliiiiix about non
residents, and this is the very reason why, a year a<jo, lie had en-
trusted to Mr. Sicotte a bill to put in the law the very tking which
the judge, imagines to have, been already Jound there.''

On this ttie Montreal Gazette said :

"This is so like an unblisliing untruth that we scarcely know
how otherwise to characterize it. The clause does just what all
men of common sense see ought to be done, — it puts the non-
resident ratepayer upon the same footirig as the resident in
respect to the appropriation of his taxes for the support of the
schools. It iloes not theret'ore support Judge Short's decision for
the tufurt', but abro^Mtes it."

We still believe that the passing of the clause abova alluded to
woulil set this matter at rest. The question of taxes paid by incor-
porated companies is one of greater difficulty. It cannot be said
that such companies belong to one reliijion or to another, and it
would be impossible to descrimiuate between the proportion of
shares held by Protestants and by Catholics respectively ; perhaps
Ihti easiest and most equitable manner would be to divi le taxes
levied on companies, or public bodies, between the Commissioners
and the Dissentient Tinstees, where Dissentient jsclioois are estab-
lished, in the same proportion as the Government grant.

After this, the most important subject iliscussed at the meeting
was that of the formation of school municipalities. IV'luch misun-
derstanding st^ems to exist on the subject. It has been frequently
stated that Dissentients were not allowed to establish their own
school-districts. Now there is nothing in the law which prevents
Dissentients from dividing the municipality for their own purposes
into as many school-districts as they require, and this has actually
been done repeatedly without any interference on the purt of the
School Commissioners or of the Department. The only dilRcnlty of
this kind that we have heard of was in a case in which Protestant
Dissentients complained of the division made by the Catholic
School Commissioners of their own school-districts, because they
thought that division might prove injurious to them in case they
should abandon their dissent antl return to the School Commis-
sioners. The fact is that the Law says expressly *< that the said
Trustees may constitute their own school-districts independently of
the school-districts of the School Commissioners," (4th subsection
of the 57th section.)

The real difiiculty consists in the fact that in some instances
small scattered bodies of the minority (Catholic as well as Protes-
tant), living on the borders of different municipalities, cannot com-
bine to have a school in common. This restriction, or rather want
of power to organize, is more severely felt, it is allegeil, from the
fact that the division of old municipalities into new, when brought
about eidier by act of Parliament, or under the Municipal Act or
the law for the establishment of parishes, or by a Proclamation
from the Governor, often breaks up Dissentient school-districts.

On this head we need har>ily repel as a most infamous calumny

the assertion made in several newspapers that the power of thus
chansin<j; the limits of municipalities iuis been useit by the Educa-
tion Department with a view to breaking up Protestant school-
tlistricts. It is equally unjust and still more absurd to say that
the law was framed with that object. The great difliculty which
was at first felt in organizing municipalities, was the evident motive
of that discretionary power left to the executive. When there was
great opposition to school assessment, it was only by organizing
such portions of parishes as were prepared and could be induced to
work out the school law that the system could be put in operation.
It was thus that sections of parishes were furnished with schools
one alter another until the operation of the school law was extended
ever the whole. Other reasons, of practical convenience, also
required that certain portions of a parish or township, as constituted
for municipal purposes, should be detached for school purposes ;
iu fact, ihat provision is itself a protection to minorities, Catholic
as well as Protestant, and has been used as such iu the readjust-
ment of the limits of parishes and townships.

We also deny that the changes effected through the Governor
General's Proclamations are made without notitying the parties
interested. On the first instance of a complaint of this nature, the
present Superintendent made it a standing rule that, in all cases,
notice should be sent to the School Commissioners and Trustees
of all the municipalities concerned whenever an application was
made to the Department ; and no action is ever taken until an
answer has been received, or a sufficient time has elapsed to show
that there is no desire to offer any objection. If any party objects
however, the matter is referred to the Inspector for report.

The printed form of notice sent in such cases has been in use in
the Educatton Office for several years past.

Although the law does not warrant any ratepayer residing within
the limits of one municipality in sending his children and paying
taxes lo the Dissentient school of another municipality, yet in
cases of liardship the Superintendent has advised the School Com-
missioners to grant this privilege, although he could not of course
compel them to follow his advice.

In numerous instances, the Dissentients, Protestant as well as
Catholic, are paid their share of the grant although they cannot
bring together the required number of children. In other cases,
the Dissentients of two adjoining municipalities have been allowed
to have but one united school for the two municipalities, although
to legalize their proceedings they have been advised to elect School
Trustees in each parish. Suchis the ca<e, for instance, of the
Protestant Dissentients at St. Joseph and St. Eustache, in the
County of Two Mountains, and at St. Gregoire and Ste. Marie de
Monnoir, in the County of Rouville.

We state these facts, not with a view of opposing any change in
the law that would provide increased facilities for Dissentients, but
in order to show that this grievance has been misunderstood and
misstated ; and that, far from having been aggravated by the action of
the Education\Department, it has been palliated as much as possible.

In legislating to remove this cause of complaint, it would be in
the interest of the establishment of Dissentient schools, both Catho-
lic and Protestant, to impose snch restrictions as would prevent
the immunities granted from being taken advantage of for the
purpose of evading ail sctiool taxes. We have no doubt that such
an amendment would be approved of by Catholics — for the very good
reason, amons; others, that they have the same interest as Protes-
tants in the law aftecting Dissentients — and we see no reason why
it should not become law, unless indeed it be opposed by Protestants
thomselvtis, as in the case of Mr. Sicotte's bill which was opposed
in the press and actually petitioned against.

These two changes, that in relation to the taxes of absentees and
of incorporated companies and the one just now adverted to, are
asked for on the ground that the same thing exists in Upper
Canada. Such is not the case. In Upper Canada the properly of
absentees in any school section or division (which is more than in
any parish or township) is liable to be rated to support the schools
ofthe majority ; and although a Roman Catholic who gives the legal
notice that he is a Roman Catholic and a supporter of a separata
school, is exempt from the payment of all public school taxes or
school rates provided he resides within three miles in a direct line
of the school of which he professes to be a supporter, whether ho
resides within the section or district, or not, he is not exempt, from
taxes on property that he may own in other school sectionSf
whether there are separate schools in such secl'ons or districts or
not. School districts are quite different from municipalities, and
the restriction in some respects is much more stringent than it is
even now in Lower Canada.

It IS true that the dissentients of two municipalities are allowed
to have a united school for both : but we have already seen that
the same facilitity has been allowed in Lower Canada in certain
capes.

The argument tliat the schools ofthe majority in Lower Canada
are not non sectarian,h hardly fair when a comparison is established
between the two sections. Separate schools are allowed on the
ground of the consciencious views of those who do not find them-
selves at liberty to send their children to the schools of the majority;
and, to make the two cases pArallel, it is enough to say that Catholics
are as much forbidden to send their children to what are called
non sectarian schools as to Protestant schools.

It is also urged that the law ought to be so amended that the
school moneys could be paid directly to Dissentients, and not through
the hands of the School Commissioners. This is simply asking
for that which already exists. Such are the provisions in the law
(sub-sec. .3rd, sec. 57th chap. 15, Consolidated Statutes), and such
is the uniform practice of the Department, with the following excep-
tion. Inasmuch as the share paid to Dissentients is to be divided .
in the same proportion to the whole sum granted to the municipality,
as the entire number of children attending the Dissentients schools
bears to the entire number of children attending school in the
municipality, it is necessary, in order to make the division, that

the reports, both of the majority and of the Dissentients, be received
at the Education OHice. Now it sonnetimes happens that llie latter
neglect to trnnsmit their returns, and as it is absolutely out of the
question to compel the majority to wait for an indefinite space of
time in the expectation that the dissentients may find leisure to
attend to their duly, the only practical solution of the difficr.lty
that has ofl'ered was the transleiring of the local grant to the major-
ity, subject to the condition of paying over tlie Dissentients' sliare
on receiving the necessary instructions from tlie Department,
which would of course be issued afterwards if a return were
received. Thus it will be seen that if the Dissentients have met
with difficulties or delays, they have none to bl.irrie but themselves.
The Department, in fact, has been so indulgent as to pay, in ad-
vance, tfie sums to which the Dissentients were entitled in such
cases, out of the following semi-annual grant accruing to the School
Commissioners when the money had been retained by the latter.
Such has been the case with Catliolic as well as with Protestant
Dissentients ; and Mr. Burrowes, of Lachute, was remarkably
unfortunate in his statement that •' where Protestants were in the
minority they had to receive their money tlirougli the secretary of
the majority, while in St. Andrews, with a Protestant majority, the
minority ilrew their grant direct from the Superintendent of Educa-
tion." The fact is that Protestant as well as Catholic Dissentients
draw their share of the grant direct from the Superintendent when-
ever they senil in their returns within a reasonable time ; and as to
the Catholic Dissentients of St. Andrews, they not havine sent in
their return in due time for the second half year of 186*2, the whole
grant was paid to the Protestant School Commissioners on the 22nd
January, 1863, which is precisely the reverse of the statement made
by Mr. I3urrowes.

The next grievance alluded to in the Report is that " Protestant
schools are examined by Roman Catholic Inspectors who do not
understand the English language, and who cannot therefore make
correct reports concerning them, though desirous to be impartial ;
and that sometimes rewards are given (to Protestant children we
suppose) connected with the Roman Catholic faith."

For every one who knows something of Lower Canaila, it is easy
to see that with a mixed population like ours, and with Protestant
schools scattered at ereat distances from each other in Catholic
districts, and vice versa, it is almost impossible that the schools be-
longing to one religious section of the community should not some-
times be visited by Inspectors of a different religious persuasion.

The first division of districts was nnade to secure to all large
sections of the Protestant community the advantage of having
Inspectors of their own faith, and every thing that has been done
since was with a view of extending that principle as far as pos-
sible. It is thus that when Inspector Hubbard was appointed, on
the demisR of the late Mr. Childs, the Piotestani schools of the
Townships of Chester Tingwick, Kingsey, and Durham (in the
district of Mr. Bourgeois,) were confided to him ; the Dissentients
of St. Foy, near Quebec, were also, at their own request, placed under

the control of the Rev. Mr. PJees ; and when Mr. McCord (a
Catholio) retired from the inspectorship of the counties of Ottawa
and Pontiac, two Inspectors, a Catholic and a Protestant, vvere
appointed in his stead.

The following table of the Catholic and Protestant populations
forming the districts of the Protestant Inspectors, shows that if
there is good giound for complaint, it certainly falls to the lot of the
Catholic and French-speaking population.

Inspectors and Counties.

Protestants in each

county,
or part of county.

Total of Piotestants

in each
district of inspection.

Catholics in each

county,
or part of county.

Total of Cattiolics

in each

district of inspection.

Inspector Hume.
Mftc-antio

5046

832

9632
1299

10121

5859
7824
939
3296
3234

10192
11153

5562

24427
9451
3416
7418

7864
6002

"'5879

12843
4498
2581

Part of Beauce

do Dorchester .... . .

19922

Inspector Pi.ees.
Citv of Quebec

Part of the county of Quebec

Inspectoi Hubbard.
Stanstead

10931

3i333

' 26907

2137
3025

Richmond . .

Compton

2386
5549

Wolfe

Sherbrooke

2603

15700

Part of Drnmmond and A"'thabaska

Inspector Parmelee.
Prouie

2540

7455

12217

Missisquoi

S'lefFord.

22212

Inspector Bruce.
Ci*v of Montreal

a .a : {'Ion

?"" 1 1 of Chateauo-nay

8040

Jo Argenteuil

44712

4427

12467

Inspector Hamilton.
(Inspectorship now vacant.)
Ottawa

Pontiac

13866

Grand total

133628

70311

If we now deduct from the total Protef-tant population of Lower
Canada (168,313) (1) the Protestant population under the supervision
of Protestant Inspectors, we shall find that 34,685 Pro' tants only-
have their schools visited by Catholic Inspectors, .ule 70,301
Catholics are subjected to a disadvantage of the same nature.
These 34,685 Protestants are scattered over the whole surface of
Lower Canada, and all groups of Protestant population that could
be placed under the control of Protestant Inspectors, with the pre-
sent statf and present salaries, have had that benefit. Not so with
Catholics. In Messrs. Hubbard, Parmelee and Hume's districts,
the interests of large, compact French andCatholic populations are
confided to the care of Protestant and English-speaking Inspectors.
In Mr. Parmelee's district the Catholics are nearly one half, and
in Mr. Hume's they are more thaa three fourths of the popu ation.

The views of the present Superintendent on this subject are con-
tained in the following extract from his special report of the 23rd
April 1863, on the Inspection of Schools, printed by order of the
Legislative Assembly.

" I have drawn up a table marked B containing a plan of inspec-
tion on ttie footing of ten districts only, and comprising approxi-
mately the same heads of information with respect to them as the
other table does for the old districts. I believe that it would be
impracticable to throw the country into larger districts than are
comprised in this table, even if the number of visits were reduced
to one in the year. We might indeed further reduce the number
of districts to eight, if we disregarded the diiference between
Catholic and Protestant communities ; but 1 could not in this respect
recommend a deviation from the system introduced auti by me
sought to have extended. The aim of our educational legislation
is to give the most, the best possible guarantees to reliaious minor-
ities in the education of their children. We have separtite schools,
separate Boards of Examiners as far as practicable, and it seems
to me that as nearly as may bo, we ought to have separate Inspectors.
In Prussia and everywhere else throughout Germany the Inspectors
are even members of the respective clerical bodies. In England
and Scotland there are Inspectors for each religious denomination ;
and provision is even made by Order i.i Council that the heads of
the different religious bodies shall have a voice in the choice of
them."

This report was made at a time when the abolition of the office
of inspector having been proposed in Parliament, the administra-
tion of the day was considering the propriety of mollifying the
system, either by reducing the number of Inspection di.^tricts, or
by leaving the appointment and the payment of Inspectors to the
Municipal Councils. The frequent changes which have since taken
place in the government, and the ail absorbing questions which

(1) In our calculations we give Protestants all that are not r-ported
as Catholics, including Jews, persona without a creed, and persons
of creeds uuknowu.

have been and are still discussed, may explain how the matter has
remained in abeyance.

Meanwhile the above mentioned circumstances may account for
the unusual length of time during which two Inspectorships (one a
Catholic, the other a Protestant) have been suffered to remain vacant.
The same reason may also apply to the case of the Catholics of the
Eastern townships who have petitioned the government for the
appointment of a Catholic Inspector.

The assertion made in the report of the Protestant Committee,
that books connected with the Roman Catholic faith are given as
rewards to Protestant children, is one which ought to be more
definite. It would be well to say where, when and by whom. If
the thing is done, it is in open defiance of the inslructions of
the Department. The books are classed, 1st, " Books to be given
indifferently to Catholics and Protestants," 2nd, "Books to be given
to Catholics only," 3rd, •< Books to be given to Protestants only,"
as may be seen by a reference to the annual reports of the Super-
intendent which contain detailed statements. The class of books
last enumerated are chiefly supplied from the depository at the
Education Office in Toronto.

The only cases of complaint on this subject that have ever been
reported at the Education Office, are the following. An accusation
was made against the late Mr. Childs, a Protestant Inspector, who
had given a Catholic book to a Protestant child. The book was
one of those set apart for Catholics only, and Mr. Childs candidly
admitted that he had given it by mistake. As a set-off, a similar
compiaiiit was made against Mr. Hubert, a Catholic Inspector,
vrho had also by mistake given a Protestant book to a Catholic
child. We have no doubt that if it were proved that any Inspector
was disregardful of the instructions ot the Department in this res-
pect, he would be immediately dismissed.

It is further alleged " that Protestants are not represented in the
Education Oflice, and are, therefore, practically ignorant of its busi-
ness and can take no pait in diverting (sic) the apportionment of
grants of money to poor municipalities or the distribution of the
fund for superannuated teachers and school rewards and the en-
couragement of the two Journals of Education."

When it is complained of that in many other departments the
French and Catholic elements are altogether ignored, it is usual to
answer that fitness for office ought to be the only criterion. This
we admit is not a fair answer. In the present case, however, there
is this difficulty, that four fifths of the business has to be trans-
acted in the French language. That there is no systematic exclu-
sion of Protestants must be apparent from the (act that the very first
appointment recommended by the present Superintemlent was that
of a Protestant gentleman who was appointed clerk of the English
correspondence and assistant editor of the English Journal of
Education, We have already shown that there is a sufficient
number of Protestant inspectors, and that one of them has even a
large majority of Catholics under his supervision.

The insinuation contained in the same paragraph — that the Pro-

testant population does not get a fair share of the funds therein
referred to— being made without any specification, could be met by
a simple denial. We find it, however, necessary to state that we do
not remember of any instance in which an application on behalf of
a Protestant municipality for a share of the grant to Poor Municipal-
ities was refused, that superannuated Protestant teachers, when
they have conformed to the regulations, have invariably received
their pensions from the pension fund in the same manner and at the
same time as Catholic teachers, and that a fair share of the prize
books is given to Protestants — the English books being, besides,
much more expensive than the French.

The last point in the Report is: " That in the common schools
80 called, teachers and pupils are sometimes forced to conform to
the rites of Romanism, and harshly treated in case they offer an
opposition."

Of this, two instances only are given, the one is the case of a
Protestant teacher who undertook to read the Bible to her Catholic
pupils, the other of a Protestant child who was dismissed from a
common school for refusing to join in the prayer.

The Montreal Gazette thus disposes of the first case : " One
rather amusing statement is made as proof of hardship, there being
a bit of unconscious intolerance about it which provokes a smile.
We are told that the Commissioners — a majority evidently Roman
Catholic — entrusted matters to a manager who hired a very com-

Eetent mistress with a diploma. Being a Protestant, however, she
ad a chapter of the Bible read, at which the Commissioners took
umbrage and dismissed her. Now the manager, the mistress, the
writer of the complaint and the speakers, all knew perfectly well
that that course was objectionable. How often have Roman Catho-
lics been denounced for refusing to read, or have read to them
without note, or comment, or explanation, our Bible ' Yet knowing
all this, the teacher goes in for a little cheap martyrdom, and she
received the reward she so directly sought."

In the other case, Protestant parents, in a place where there are
Dissentients, sent their child to the school of the majority, and as
they found fault with the regulations of the School Commissioners,
they were advised to join the other Dissentients. The faculty of
dissenting is expre.^sly given to meet such cases, as is clearly seen
by the text itself (Chap. 15, sec. 55): " When in any municipal-
ity the regulations and arrangements made by the School Commis-
sioners for the conduct of any school are not agreeable to any
number whatever of the inhabitants professing a religious faith
different from that of the majority, &c., &c."

Having now dealt with all the general allegations contained in
the Report, we shall briefly advert to such of the " carefully
selected cases," brought in support of them, as have not been
already disposed of.

The cases ot St. Scholastique and other municipalities, are
no evidence in support of the accusation made against the Depart-
mentof forming new municipalities with a view to breaking up Pro-
testant school-districts. These new municipalities, with one excep-

tion, (1) have been created by the civil erection of parishes (see 26th
secticn, Chap. 15, Consolidated Statutes); and the practice of passing
and publishing Orders in Council is, in most cases, continued rather
as a notice to all parties interested than as a necessary legal proceed-
ing. It is not exactly correct to say that in one of tliese cases the
Superintendent refused the Dissentients the facility of joining those
of the next parish. They were threatened with suits for arrears of
taxes by the School Commissioners, and they asked legal advice
from the Department. It surely could not have been to their interest
to have exposed them to the costs of a lawsuit by advising them to
act contrary to law.

The case of Wickham was one which — on the Report of the
Inspector proving unfavorable to the pretensions of the Dissen-
tients — was left to the judicial tribunals where there vvere certainly
greater facilities for arriving at the truth as to the assertions of the
contending parties. Such cases have to go before the Courts not-
withstanding the disposition which exists in the Department to
prevent litigation.

With reference to the complaint from Edwardstown, a part of
the grievance has already been answered as we have shovvu that
it was through their own neglect in not sending in their reports
that Dissentients met with trouble and delay in receiving the
Government grant. As to the refusal of a share of the building fund,
it will suffice to say that there is no such fund — the provisions by
virtue of which the balance of the Common School Grant was
to be applied to this object having been superseded by the clause
applying the said balance to the Superior Education Fund.

Tiieie are also, in the speeches made, several assertions which,
not beuig included in the Report, call for some remarks. VVe shall
say nothing of that which may be mere matter of opinion.

We will not comment on the speech of the Revd. Dr. Wilkes
who said <' that the whole system of training in the Roman Catholic
schools in Lower Canada was entirely unfit to bring out the man
and woman thoroughly and fit them for the position they are to
occupy in life, and that the first great end to be attained was to
get the law so amended as that the Protestant might enjoy fair
play, and then he would like to see the common schools made non-
sectarian''^', nor on that of the Rev. Mr. Kemp, who said " that he
believed that the greater part of what they asked would be cor-
dially granted by their Roman Catholic fellow subjects, ?;Hf that
the rest must also be obtained; " nor even on that of Mr. Burrowes
of Lachute who it appears, complained *< that the Roman Catholics
had erected parishes and practised ceremonies in the Eastern
townships, where, in the act guaranteeing their rights at the con-
quest of the country, no such privileges were allowed them — they
being excluded from this section."

I'l

.is

(1) The exception is the annexation of Cote St. Joachim -which took
place in 1854, previously to the appointment of the present Superinten-
dent and, as we understand, at the request of all the parties interested.

We will confine ourselves to such assertions as relate to matters
of fact.

Principal Graham of Richmond College, complains, in his speech,
of the rules and regulations made by the Council of Public Instruc-
tion for the examination of teachers. On his strictures we will
remark, 1st. That the French Reader of which he complains is
not the only book from which candidates are allowed to read,
they can read from Garneau's abridged history and we believe
there would be no objection to add any other reader. 2nd. There
is nothing in the regulations of the Council that compels the
candidate to prepare his examination on the History of Canada
with the aid of Gamtau's abridgment, except that it is, at present,
the best book on the subject. 3rd. As to the apocryphal books of
the Bible and other questions of religions controversy introduced
by that gentleman, all we can say is that there are in the Council
of Public Instruction, those who could ex professo attend to the
matter from a Protestant point of view. 4th. Mr. Graham says
" There is no examination on arithmetic — a thing not done by
omission ; but because if it were insisted on it would cut off nine
tenths of the French teachers." We simply deny the latter part of the
statement as an aspersion on French Canadian teachers ; as to the
first part, we quote from the tenth article of the Rules and Regula-
tions. " The candidate (for an elementary diploma) shall more-
over, as regards arithmetic, solve a problem in fractions and another
in the rule of simple interest." " Candidates for the Model School
certificate, if they are not already in possession of an Elementary
school diploma, shall undergo the tests above prescribed and also
answer at least four quef>tions in each of the programmes of
schedule G. They shall moreover solve a problem in compound
interest, a problem in algebra and another in mensuration,"

The statement is the more surprif-ing from the fact that Principal
Graham is, we believe. Secretary to the Board of Examiners at
Richmond. Some of the gentlemen who took a prominent part in
tlie meeting are also members of the Montreal Board of Examiners.

Principal Graham has also alluded to the division of the grant
between the majority and the dissentients, and stated that
some Catholic dissentients in a municipality which he does not
name have fraudulently obtained a larger share of the grant than they
ought to have had, by '< carrying all the babies to the school and
having their names placed on the school book." The Department has
always held that the number of children to be taken into account
was the aggregate number of bona Jide pupils who had frequented
the school during the year ; and when any complaint has been
made on the subject, either by the School Commissioners or the
Trustees, it has always been duly investigated.

Principal Graham also complained of the distribution of the
Superior Education grant, and as an instance of its mismanagement
quoted the fact that two infant schools in the City of Quebec are
placed on tho list of grants to Model Schools. Now these two
infant schools are Protestant institutions, and, like many other
charities which formed part of the old special grants made by the

Legislature, even previous to the Union Act, were placed on that
Jist whon the Government and Parliament created the Superior
Education fund, with an understanding that no special grants were
to be made in future. There was no option but that of leaving
these institutions unsupported or of placing them on that list.

" There was no system, said Mr. Graham, in the distribution of
money to either Protestant or Catholic schools. Last year $325 was
taken from St. Francis College, the reason assigned by the Super-
intendent being that it was to be given to new institutions. On
investigation he found there was not a word of truth in it. It was
given to old institutions. The grant to liis college was cut down
31 per cent., and only 5 per cent, as regarded other institutions."

The following correspondence will speak for itself:

5 '^T. Francis College,

I Richmond, C. E., April 13, 1864.
Hon. Sapt. of Education.

Sir.

Be pleased to inform me why the Grant to the College has been
reduced so much during the past year?

Your obedient servant,

John H. Graham,
Principal, &c.

J Education Oppicb,
I Montreal, April 18th, 1864^

John H. Graham, Esquire,

Principal of iSt. Francis College,
Richmond, C. E.

Sir.

In reply to your letter of the 13th Inst., I have to say that if you refer
to Chap. 15 of the Consolidated Statutes, Sec. G, you will see that it is
therein enacted ihat the Income Fund appropriated to Superior Educa-
tion shall be annually apportioned by the Superintendent of Education
to the Universities, Colleges, &c , in such sums or proportions as the
Governor General in Council may approve.

My Report recommending the usual grant to St. Francis College was
transmitted to the Honorable the Provincial Secretary on tbe 28th Jan-
uary last, and His Excellency the Governor General was pleased to
direct, by an Order in Council of the 21st March, that the sum of seven
hundred and fifty dollars ($'750 00) be paid to the Institution.

I am not authorised to assign any reason for the changes which His
Excellency has been advised to make in the annual distribution, but I
think that you will see by referring to the lists to be published in tbe
next number of the Journal of Edur.ntion that the relatirt number of the
pupils of each institution on the same list have been tai:k.en into con-
sideration.

, I have the honor to be.

Sir,
Your obedient servant,

PiKRUE J. 0. ChAUVEATJ,

Superintendent of Education..

^ St. Francis CoLi-KaB,

I Richmond, C. E., April 21, 18C4.

Hon. Mr. Chauveau,
Superintendent of Education.

Sir,

Will you be pleased to inform me why St. Francis Col'es^e is not ranked
by you as a College in McGill University, and why it is not placed in the
tecond section of Institutions of the first class, and its Preparatory Depart-
ment (The St. Francis College Grammar School) placed in ihe second
c/a."!S of Institutions, namely, the Classical Colleges?

"We claim the above rank for the two Departments, and therefore
request you to have the goodness to answer the above at your earliest
convenience, in order that the matter may be fully considered by the
Trustees at a meeting to be held shortly.

Your obedient servant,

John H. Graham,
,, Principal, &c.

ras

iin-

ren

[is
It I

Ihe

Ibe
pn-

S Education Office,
I Montreal, April 25, 1864.

John H. Graham, Esq.,

Principal of St. Francis College,
Richmond, G. E.

Sir,

In answer to your letter of the 21st Instant, I ha;^e to state that the
Universities only are included in the first list, if you allude to the lists
of distribution ; I suppose that the terms, second, section of Institutions of
the first class, refer to the statistical tables lit ^he triennial report. That
second section comprises schools of Theol-jgyj of Law, and of Medicine,
not being Faculties of a University.

St. Francis College has been up to \he present time placed on the list
of Classical Colleges along with t.'ne several colleges affiliated to the
Jiaval University, and Morrin College is put on the same list this year.

I liave the honor to be,
Sir,
Your most obedient servant,

PiBRRB J. O. OhAUVIAF,

Superintendent of Educatioir.

The fact i8 that the reduction for which the Superintendent is
thus assailed, was made by the Executive Government, and that
Mr. Graham was told so at once. Besides, the official letter of the
Provincial Secretarj^ will also speak for itself. This letter is pub-
lished in the appendix to the Superintendent's Report for 1863 :

$ Offiob of ths Provincial Sbobitabt.
\ Quebec, 22Qd March, 1864'

Sir,

I have the honor to tranamit to you the copy included herewith of an
Order in Council approving of your lists for the distribution of the grant
in aid of Superior Education for the year 1863, with some few changes.

I add the details which are not set forth in the Order in Oouncil.

List No. 1. — Universities.

Bishop's Oollege $1500 instead of $1721

List No. 2. — Classical Colleges.

St. Francis, Richmond $ 150 instead of $1032

Three Rivers 60U " 362

List No. 3.— Industrial Colleges.

Masson $1000 instead of $845

Ste. Marie-de-Monnoir 500 " 42 7

Rimouski 500 *' 455

St. Laurent , 500 " 466

List No. 4.— Academies for Boys or Mixed.

Sorel $400 instead of $304

Three Rivers, (Oath.) 250 •' 304

" (Prot.) 150 " 203

List No. 5. — Academies for Girls.

Sorel $350 instead of $203

List No. 6. — Model Schools

Sherrington $93

Shefford, West (High School). 15

I have the honor to be.

Sir,

Your most obedient servant,

E. Parent,

Asst. Secretary.
The Honorable P. J. 0. Chauveau, S. E.,
Montreal.

Mr. Burrowes, of Lachute, made a similar complaint on
behalf of the College at that place. In this case also, the Super-
intendent had recommended the usual grant, but representations
having been made to the Executive to the effect that the Institu-
tion did not deserve the sum which had been hitherto allowed, one
half only of the usual grant was paid, the payment ot the other
half being suspended, and the Superintendent directed to visit the
College. In his Special Report he recommended the payment of
the balance ; but his recommendation was set aside, not on

account of anything unfavorable to the teacherii, one of whom was
a gentleman of the highest literary attainments, but on account of
the very small number of pupils in attendance in the higher
department.

As the two speakers above mentioned have assailed the Depjirt-
ment on the subject of the distribution of the Superior Education
grant, we subjoin a table showing the distribution of the grant as
between Protestant and Catholic institutions. In many instances it
will 'oe seen that Protestant institutions, with a much smaller num-
ber of pupils, receive the same or larger allowances than the
Catholic institutions in the same place, and vice 'ersa.

The reason is that the first distribution made under the new law
was, as much as possible, based on the grants made by Parliament.
A classification was made, but not so accurately as might have been
done had not the grants been previously voted by Parliament and
had it not been thought advisable to interfere as little as possible
with the old grants. In this way new institutions were allowed
only the minimum in the class in which they were placed, and
as the total sum to be distributed remained the same, even this
could only be done by taking a percentage off the old grants.
The number of schools of the same class already existing in each
section of Lower Canada was also to be taken into consideration,
so that the number of pupils was not the only rule, even as between
new institutions of the same class. The changes made by the
Executive in the distribution of 1863, and for which the Depart-
ment is wholly irresponsible, seem to have had for their basis the
number of pupils.

As to the proportion between Catholic and Protestant institu-
tions, the following will show that the Protestant section of the
community has, upon the whole, no ground of complaint :

Catholics.

Protestants.

Pupils

Grant.

Pupils

Grant.

Universities

459
615
185

2200
40

3196

$
4578

Classical Colieires

1438
2193
3777

8727
14914

9894

7742

6877

10390

12426

3406

Industrial Colieffes

178

Academies for Boys and mixed

Academies for Girls

7164
152

Model Schools

5065

31049

47329

6595

20533

This distribution gives the Protestant institutions 30.25 per v,
of the whole amount. The Catholic population, according to
last census, was 943,253 ; the non-Catholic population, comprising
persons wiiosc creeds were unknown, was only 168,313. If the
ampunt was distributed according to population, the Protestant
institutions would receive 14.98 per cent. ; they now have more
than twice as much. If, on the contrary, the distribution was
based on the aggregate number of pupils, Protestants would
receive 17.48 per cent.

The results of a comparison between the grants made to Catholic
and to Protestant institutions in the Cities of Quebec and of Mont-
real are still more strikmg:

0lT5 or MONTKBAL.

Catholic.

INSTITUTIONS.

Protestant.

INSTITUTIONS.

235
175
62
123
604

850

2112

a
ea
u

D
pL,

296

262
212

151

121

1125

269

2519

2
o

St. Mary's College

Gath. Com. Academy.
Deaf aad Dumb Inst. .
Academic St. Denis...

St. Jame's School

Model School, Visita-

1377
228
449
150
845

McGill College

To the same for the
Royal Institute |

High School, &c

Brit, and Can. School.:

Point St. Charles Mo-,
del school

2407

671

1128

676

250

tion street

Free sch. in connexion
with American Pree-
byter'an society

Colonial Church sch.
society

St. Patrick School,
Point St. Charles . .

338
676

Panet St., Model sch. .
German school

Total

74
66

Total

3197

6276

The Catholic population of Montreal is 65,896, and the non.
'Catholic 24,432. Thus, the I'rotestaiits, who are not one third of
the population, are receiving double the amount paid to Calholicg .

City or Quebec.

Catholic.

INSTITUTIONS.

Protestant.

INSTITUTIONS.

'5.

6G
510
485

90
800

1951

Grants.

127
24
C9

■ 282
1 155

1 782

Quebec Com. Sclioo!..
Soci6t6 d'Educ'itiou. .
Cath Model Schools..
St. John's suburb Mo-
del school

152
94G
338

High School

1128

Alorrin College '

St. Andrew's School. .
Brit, and Cftn. School.

-Viitional School

Infant School, Upper
Town

400
511
740
375

St. Sauveur

1G9

Infant School, Loweri
Towu

308

Total

1584

3G31

The Catholic population of the City of Quebec is 41,477, the non-
Catholic population 9,732. The Protestants, who are not one fifth,
get more than double the sum allowed Catholic institutions.

We have now reviewed all the grievances complained of by the
meeting and at the meeting. They have since naturally formed
the subject of various comments on the part of a portion of the Pro-
testant press, and have elicited the discussion of other points con-
nected with education. We shall say nothing of denunciations
such as those of the Presbyterian, which, finding the expressions
contained in the Report of the Committee, and even those used
by the Montreal Witness too mild, has declared that the tohole
thing was rotten to the core. We willonly allude to such reproaches
(which we have seen in newspapers; as have not so plainly given
evidence of predetermined and irreconcilable hostility.

It has been suggested that the Department ought to pay the
grants at fixed periotis and more prom^ly, that something ought
to be done to raise the salaries ot teachers, and that the Superin-
tendent ought to have prepared and secured the complete remodel-
ling of our school laws.

If by "the grants" the Common school grant ismeant,we can state
that it is paid regularly every six months on all school reports that
are regular and have been filed in due time. We have already
explained how the delay on the part of Dissentients in filing their

returns rendered it necessary that their share of the grnnt should
be paid to them through the hands of the School Commissioners.
Payments are made with the greatest ])088ible despatch ; they
require, however, the filling up of blanlc receipts and numerous
entries, besides the examining otthe reports and the searching of the
registers for teacherM' certificates. If the Superior Education grant
is meant, we will admit that delays which are altogether beyond
the control of the Department have taken place. It was settled by
the Government that the payment for each year, on the reports due
in July, should take place in the month of January following ; but it
has been found impossible to proceed with the distribution at
that period of the year. The Superintendent, owing to financial
difficulties which have often been explained in his annual Reports,
must firHt ascertain whether he shall be allowed to distribute the
whole amount mentioned in the law. This is one cause of delay.
Then, when his Report, together with the lists of distribution, is
submitted lo the Executive, many circumstances will postpone its
approval. The last report is dated 25th January ; but trie Order in
Council approving of it, with the above mentioned changes, is dated
the 21st March, and the warrant issued on the 29th.

As to the salaries of teachers, it is first to be observed that the
total amount of the Common School Grant has never been really
increased, notwithstanding the sums which are yearly added to the
school grant by Parliament. A portion of th's supplementary aid
has been absorbed by the difference whirh the more rapid
increase of population in Upper Canada has caused in favor of
that section of the Province in the apportionment of the whole
grant, and the remainder goes to meet the deficiency in the Superior
Education Fund caused by the insufficiency of the revenues of the
Jesuits' Estates which are part of the income. Thus, while new mu-
nicipalities have been springing up everywhere, while new schools
have been opened in the old as well as in the new municipalities,
the whole grant is the same that answered to the wants of
Lower Canada more than twenty years ago. It is therefore evident
that the share of each municipality, and of each school, is much less
than it was twenty years ago ; and had not great efforts been made
to increase the local taxes, instead of the slight and inadequate
advance complained of, a considerable falling off in the salaries of
teachers v uld have taken place.

Much 1' 3 been done with a view of remedying an evil which is
certainly a great obstacle to the improvement of our schools. The
school rales and assessments, which were $406,765 in 1856, had
reached in 1863, $564,810 (J) ; but as a large portion of them are not
regularly paid, the attention of the Government and of the Legisla-
ture has been frequently called to the means of enforcing payment,
and also of providing against the miscomluct of secretary-treasurers,
which has been a great drawback on the prompt and equitable

(1) Of this sum $11,749 is to be deducted for building purposes, and
smaller amount levied by special asstssment for the pflyment of debts.

remuneration of teachern. Several legislative provisions were
made, ami others were contained in the bill from which we have
already quoted. The establishment of Normal Schools, the enact-
ing of more stringent rules for the examination of candidates, and
the withholding of the grant from all municipalities employing
unlicensed schoolmasters, are also indirect means of raising both
the status and the salary of the teacher.

The power vested in the Department of granting indemnities to
teachers from the local fund when unjustly dismissed — or when
a change is attempted to be made at the end of the year with the
sole object of reducing the salary — has been a great boon to them,
and is we believe duly appreciated.

The suggestion of fixing a minimum salary for each class of
teachers, and of withholding the school grant when that minimum
is not paid, is one on which there exists a great difference of opi-
nion even among teachers themselves. It nas been discussed in
the several Teachers' Associations, and one of the strongest
objections to such a plan is the facility with which a regulation to
this effect might be evaded, owing to the great competition between
the holders of certificates.

The remodelling of the school laws, as a whole, was the very
first recommendation which the present Superintendent made to
the Executive immediately after nis appointment. The Govern-
ment for the time being were of opinion that amendments to the
existing laws would be preferable, and each succeeding government
has entertained the same opinion and acted accordingly.

In conclusion we will remark that while it is emphatically stated
that the Superintendent holds a most irresponsible position, every
effort is made to throw on his shoulders every imaginable kind of
responsibility. All that is done or omitted by the Legislature, the
Executive Government, the Council of Public Instruction, the
School Commissioners, or any one else having anything to do with
the administration of school affairs, is duly ascribed to nim.

It is but natural that a public officer entrusted with functions so
important to the welfare of the community should be carefully
watched, and it would be marvellous indeed if all his doings were
to escape censure. The admonitions of the public press should
have on his conduct their due weight ; but, like many others, he will
also find it difficult to yield to every kind of advice proffered. The
following quotations from two of our contemporaries, are bril-
liant instances of the great discrepancies which may be found in
the condemnations passed on the same functionary, Although
unexceptionable in their style, they show the great perplexity which
would fall to the lot of any public officer afflicted with a lust of
universal approbation.

" Probably few men," says the Richmond Guardian of the 24th
April, "could have done better than Mr. Chauveau has done,
and we heartily accord to him all that is his due as a very efficient
and industrious officer. But wo contend that many of his acts are
80 arbitrary as to render it a duty to challenge them and call him

to account. That these arbitrary acts grow necessarily out of the
irresponsible nature of his ofTice is plain ; and it is quite time
therefore to inquire whether we are not nursing a power which
may by and bye imperil both our religious and civil liberties. We
might amplify this matter and detail a long catalogije of ' enact-
ments, ' * orders,' and < regulations ' conceived in the fertile
brain, and put in force by the unchecked hand of the Honorable
Superintendent, until the law itself has been well nigh superseded,
and a structure has been reared which may be very fitly denomin-
ated < JMr. Chauveau's decrees for the enforcement of education
amongst the people.' In fact, the whole system is built up and sus-
tained by this one-man power, and that power absolutely uncon-
trolled and irresponsible. Wow we grant that Mr. Chauveau is
thoroughly in earnest with his work and that his machinery is
intended by him to do the work well, but we think a little vent-
ilating of the mysteries of the Education Office would .^e both for
his benefit and for that of the people."

On the other hand the Montreal Transcript of the 20th Septem-
ber has the following :

" We have personally great confidence and faith in Mr. Chau-
veau ; and we know that his heart is in the vocation to which he
has been called. But we have no faith in the system pursued in
his office — handed down to him no doubt by his predecessors and
kept up religiously without the shadow of a change. We expected
better things in this respect from Mr. Chauveau. We believed and
still believe him to be an advocate of progression, one who would
move with the times. But somehow or other since he got seated
in his cozy arm-chair the coils of red tapeism seem to have
enveloped him ; and he has let things jog along as they may. The

meeting '■f Tuesday will do something to alarm him There

is t^e Tiore reason, therefore, that Mr. Chauveau should shake off
thi letha -gy and supineness which seem to have overcome him,
and do something to redress the grievances complained of and
make himself still felt as a power in the State."

If the name was not affixed to each portrait, one could hardly
believe that the over-zealous functionary whose fertile brain has
invented so many rules and regulations, and whose unchecked ha,nd
sets every body and every thing at defiance, and the very lazy
Superintendent whose supineness and lethargy let things jog on so
easily, are one and the same functionary. If he were allowed a
voice in the matter he would perhaps modestly ask for a mezzo-
termine between the two extreme views thus taken of his adminis-
tration, and would not unlikely add with Racine :

Et je n'ai m6rite
Ni cet exces d'honneur ni cette indignite.

In the meantime, the following extract from his last annual
Report will give some idea of the coarse which he conceives he

ought to follow in the difficult and by no means irresponsible posi-
tion in which he is placed :

" I have pointed out in my previous reports the best measures to
be adopted for the perfection of our system of education ; and 1
would repeat that important as are some of the measures proposed
and stiil under the consideration of the Government, particularly
those that were adverted to in my report on the inspection of schools,
a great deal also depends on the influence which public opinion
can bring to bear upon the local authorities, in whose hands the
law has placed so large a share of the initiative and responsibility.
The most difficult task is that which consists in directing these
local authorities without infringing on their powers, or discouraging
any of the school commissioners or functionaries who may be very
bravely struggling against difficulties, without, however, being able
to obtain all that might be desired in the interest of the progress of
education. If, in this matter, the Department should have appeared
to some persons as wanting in energy or firmness, it may be well
to observe that on many occasions a different course might have
j'eopardized the results which, unimportant as they may appear,
have only been obtained with much difficulty."

Table of the Apportionment of the Superior Education Fund
for 1863, under the Act 18th Vict., Cap. 54, as between
Catholic and Protestant institutions.

List No. 1. — Universities.

Cath /lies.

1 _

i Protestants.

NAME UF INSTITUTION.

Number of
pupils.

Annual grant for
1863.

: O

3 p..

i 296

1
1

Annual grant for
1863.

McGill CoUese

2407 00

To the same for one )'ear's salary of
the Secretary to the Royal Institu-
tion, the salary of the Messenger,
and for continn^ent expenses i

671 00

Bishoo's Colleire

163
459

1500 00

Total

4578 00

26
List No. 2. — Classical Collxoes.

Catholics.

Protestants.

NAME OF INSTITUTION.

Number of
pupils.

Annual grant for
1863.

Number of
pupils.

Annual grant for
1863.

Nicolet . „ - -

210
252
191
248
195
235

1721 00
1721 00
1377 00
1721 00
1377 00
1377 00

St. H vacinthe

Ste. Therese

Ste. Anne de la I'ocatiere

L'Assomotion

Ste. Marie, (Montreal)

262

127

102

Hieh School of McGill CoUeee

1128 00

« " of Quebec, for the edu-
cation of 30 pupils named by Go-
vernment

*
1128 00

St. Francis. Richmond

750 00

Three Rivers

107

SCO 00

Morrin

24
515

400 00

1438

Total

9894 00

3406 00

27
List No. 3.— Industrial Colligm.

Catholics.

Protestants.

NAMI OF INSTITUTION.

Number of
puoiis.

Annual grant for
1863.

Number of
pupils.

— 00

p
a
c
<

Joliette

168
313
106
130
92
131
194
120
142

845 00
1000 UO
845 00
845 00
338 00
845 00
500 00
338 00
500 00

Mawon

Notre-Dame de Levis

St. Michel, Bellechasse

Laval

Rigaud

Ste. Marie de Monnoir

Ste. Marie de Beauce

Rimouski

Lachute

185

178 GO

Vercheres

147
100

48
318
194

338 00
253 00
253 00
342 00
500 00

Varenne;>

Sherbrooke

Longueuil

St. Laurent

Total i

2193

7743 00

185

178 00

List No. 4.— Academies for Boys, or Mixed.

Catholics.

Protestants.

NAME OF institution.

o
■o a.

— CO

<4-l

XJ CL

a
rt l-t

Avlmer. f Catholic")

228 00

Avirrier. CProteslanti

228 00

Beauharnais. St. Clement

233

125

118

228 00
228 00
152 00
169 00

Bonin, St. Andrews, Argenteuil. . . .

Baie du Febvre

Baie St. Paul

Barnston

160

152 00

Berliner

160
19
83
81
21

340 00

76 00

340 00

178 00
152 00

Buckinghana '. . . .

76 00

BelcDil

Chambly

Cap Sante

Clarenceville

69
56
88
70
84
35

304 00

Clarendon

152 00

Coaticook

135 00

Cassville

152 00

Connpton

........

152 00

Cookshi re

152 00

St. Cyprien

145

152 00

Charleston

24
84
42
81

480 CO

Danville

228 00

Dudswell

152 00

Dunham

304 00

Durham, No. 1

135 00

St. Eustache

80
233

228 00
203 00

Farnham, (Catholic)

Farnham, (Protestant)

65
74

228 00

Freleighsbur"'

203 00

St. Colomban de Sillery

113

152 00

Ste. Foye

152 00

Gentilly

152 00

Granby

304 00

1634

Carried forward

2978 00

1166

3689 00

29
List No. 4.— Academies fok Boys, or Mixed. — {Continued.)

NAME or INSTITUTION.

Carried forward

Georgeville

St. Gregoire

Huntingdon

St. Johns, Dorchester, (Catholic). .
St. Johns, Dorchester, (Protestant).

St. Jean, Island of Orleans

Knowlton

Kamouraska

Laprairie ,

Lotbiniere

L'Islet

Montreal Catholic Com. Academy.

Montmagny

Ste. Marthe

Missisquoi

Pointe-aux-Trembles, Hochelaga .

Phillipsburg

Sherbrooke

Sorel, (Catholic)

Sorei, (Protestant)

Stanbridge

Sutton

ShefFord

Stanstead

St. Timothee

Three Rivers, (Catholic)

Three Rivers, (Protestani) ,

Vaudreuil

Yamachiche

Quebec Commercial and Lit. Acad.

St. Andrews, Argenteuil

Roxton

Total.

Catholics.

1634

114

167

80
150

8^^
175
225

352

125
36

104

130

3777

a
a •

u. CO
tyLCD

2978 00

152 00

304 00

152 00

338 00
203 00
135 00
228 00
228 00
253 00
152 00

304 00

400 00

135 00
250 00

152 00,
228 00
152 00

133 00

6877 00,

Protestants.

S =

121

175

120

2200

»- CO

fclCD

— CO

3 I-,

1166
37

3689 00
152 00

338 00

304 00

'"48
90

233 00

"i52 '66
338 00

135 00

228 00
192 00
304 00
542 00

150 00

93 00

7154 00

30
List No. 6. — Academies for Girls.

Catholics

Protestants.

NAMJC or INSTITUTION.

Number of
pupils.

Annual grant
lor 1863.

Number of
pupils.

p
2co

Ste. Anne-de-la-P6rade

160
100
180
136
112

85
105

61
120
157

135 00

93 00

135 00

114 00

93 00

152 00

127 00

152 00

St. Ambroise de Kildare

L'AesomDtion

St. Vitne

Bale St. Paul

BelcBil

Boucherville

Les Cedres

Chamblv

St. Cesaire

Ste. Croix

Covvansville

152 00

St. Charles, Industrie

326

100

259

178

132

122

100

205

290

162

400

155

262

104

4644

203 00

93 00

152 00

93 00

203 00

96 00

228 00

93 00

304 00

135 00

133 00

228 00

203 00

304 00

169 00

152 00

Chateaujruav

St. Clement

St. Cyprien

St. Denis

Ste. Elisn,beth

St. Eustache

St. Greeoire

Ste. Genevieve

St. Henri de Mascouche

St. Hilaire

St. Huffues

St. Hyacinthe, ScEursde la Charite.
St. Hyacinthe, Soeurs de la Present.
L'Islet

Ile-Verte

St. Jean, Dorchester

St. Jacaues de I'Achiean

St. Joseoh de L6vis

Cakouna

Kamouraska.

Carried forward

4639 00

152 00

List No. 5. — Academies for Girls. — (Continued.)

Catholics.

Protestants.

NAMK OF institution.

»- tc

-S ex
S 2

Iz;

4644
142
390
136
130
46
12
127
113
90
72
37
66
78
100
102
78
142
134
134
403
151
60
117
192
107
109
90
223
82
146
61
9C
123

872';

Annual grant
for 1863.

Number oi
pupils.

Annual grant
for 1863.

Carried forward

Laprairie

4639 00
93 00
304 00
93 00
203 00
152 00
449 00
152 00
169 00
93 00
228 00
93 00
93 00
93 00
203 00
203 00
174 00
228 00
101 00
304 00
350 00
93 00
152 00
135 00
228 00
169 00
152 00
152 00
228 00
195 00
93 00
133 00
93 00
150 00

152 00

Lonsrueuil..

St. Lin

St. Laurent, Jacques-Cartier

Loncue-Pointe

Montreal, board 12 Deaf & Dumb F.

Ste. Marie-de-Monnoir

Ste. Marie de Beauce

St. Martin

St. Michel. Rellechasse

St. Nicolas

St. Paul de I'Industrie

Pointe-Claire

Pointe-aux-Trembles, Hochelaga. . .
Pointe-aux-Trembles. Portneuf.. . . .

Riviere-Ouelle

Rimouski

Ste. Scholastique

Sherbrooke

Sorel

Ste. Th^rese

St. Thomas de Pierreville

St. Timothee

St. Thomas de Montmagny

Varennes

Yamachiche

St. Benoit

Trois-Rivieres

Ste. Famille

Terrebonne.. .

Trois Pistoles. No. 1

Vaudreuil .

St. Denis St. Academy, Montreal . .

Total

f 10390 00

1 152 00

List No. 6. — Model Schools.

j Catholics.

Protestants.

NAME OF INSTITUTION.

1 °

bf.CO
00

■«-

o .

3 O-

69
212

32
282
155
151

s *-

St Andrew's School. Quebec

511 00

British & Canadian Sch. Soc, Mont.

676 00

Col. Chnrch & Sch. Soc, Sherbiooke

169 00

British & Canadian Sch. Soc. Queb.

740 00

National School, Quebec

376 00

Point St. Charles, Montreal

250 00

Society of Education, Quebec

« " Three Rivers

510
295

946 00
509 00

Free Sch. in con. with the American
Presbvterian Sch. Soc, Montreal.

121
1125

338 00

Col. Church and School Soc, Mont.

676 00

Liorette. Girls' school

26
19
25
31

133 00

56 00

169 00

" Boys' "

•"•"•••"

Stan fold

St. Francis. Indian school

Quebec, Lower Town, Infant School.

•45
80

169 00

Quebec, Upper Town, Infant school.
St. Jacaues. Montreal

604

485

113

155

236

122

3137

"845 66

338 00

152 00

114 00

IM 00

1 .0

74 00

308 00

To the Cath. Com. of the City of Que.
.Deschambault

St. Constant

St. Jacques le Mineur ....

Point Claire

- - - •

Lachine

Cote des Neisfes

St. Antoine de Tilly

St. Edouard de Napierville

Ste. Philomene

St. Francois du Lac

Laprairie

LacoUe

2272

Carried forward

4253 00

4212 00

• No number given in report.

otestants.

511 00
676 00
169 00
740 00
375 00
260 00

338 00
676 00

169 00
308 00

12 00

Li^T No. 6.— Model Scuoolh.— (Continued.)

NAME OF INSTITUTION.

Catholics.

I. 00

fcJCO

— Ui

= ,3

Protestants.

Carried forward

Coteau St. Louis

Riviere dii Lihi|),

Ste. Anne dp [.aperaile

St. RoiTiua.'d de Levis.

St. Ctiivrles, Si. Hyaciiitlie.. . .

St, Ciejioire

St. Henri, Hochelai^a

Beanmont

St. Andre, Kamonraska

StH. Anne des Plaines

St. Ce>aire

St. Joachim, Two Mountains. .

Boncherville

Lacldne, Dissentients

Mall.aie

St. Heimas

Ste, Rose

St. Deins, Karnauraska

St. Hyaeintiie.

Chi(;ontirni.

St. Severe

St. Pierre, Riviere du Sud

Bury

Chateauouay

St. Ililaire

Ste. Seiiolastiqne

St. Joseph de Levis.

St. Michel Archano-e

St. Jean Deschai lions

St. Gervais. ...

St. Nicolas, Levis

St. Isidore

St. Henri de Lauzon

3I.S7I

18.5'

45:

76:

149^

135

65;

196
78
61:
96

15-'
80

110

48!

79^
128i
214
147'

80
.31

Carried forward.

72
47
92
190
I6I;
671
31i
..0|
891
62l

4253 00
74 00

74 ()()|
74 OOj
74 00;
74 00
74 (10'
74 Ooi
74 00!

74 00:,

74 00
74 OOi
74 00
74 00

It = I

i = Cl

2272

Jr, '^

CI ;o
_ CO

74 00
74 00:
74 00
74 00|
74 00
140 00
74 00
74 00

74 OOj!
74 OOm
74 (lOi
74 00 :
74 00 I
74 00!
74 00''
74 00
74 00
74 00

4212 00'

74 00

6193! 6613 00 12397

I 'i

4360 00

List No. 6.— Model Schools.— (^Continued.)

Call

lolic!*.

Proiestaiits.

NAME or INSTITUTION.

Annual irrani
for 1863.

3 .
1- %

^ ...

~ c_
2i

2397

•'52

— ^H
— L.

Cariiecl forward

Graiitle Biiie

6193
!)7
47

102
81
5ti

118

165
62
55
43
86
94
67

1:M
72

6613 00
74 00
152 00
74 00
56 00
56 00
56 00
56 00
56 00
56 00
74 00
74 00
56 OOj
74 00
74 00
74 00

4360 00

SoininttK-el

S.e. Genevieve de Baliscaii

St. Viileiitiii

Si. Viiicciil de Paul

SiH. Mailiiie, (lioys)

Heciiii'mK

St. Hiiheit

Si. .lerome

St. G.'iiriide

Si. diaries, Belleclias.«e, (boy.s)..
St. George, Cacouna

Poiiile-aiix-Treiribies, Portiieut'. . .

St. Cecile, lieauhaniais

EboiileiriHiits

Plot. Mitdel Sch., Panel St., Mont.

269
i25

74 00

St. Laurent, Montmorency

Rawdon

100

74 00

St. Geivais, (Convent)

70
182
112
1.59

8.50
100

74 00
74 00
"74 00
74 00
74 00
74 00

Nolre-D.ime-de-la-Victoire, Levi>

Rij^and, (Convi'nt)

St Vniceht lie Paul, (Convent). ..

Scii. Vi>itaiion N|,., Moiitlreal ....

St. Jean Port Jotf. girls' schoid . .
Lacoile, Dissent ents

104

74 66

St. Ain No. 2, Kairionra-ka

Melbourne, liirl.s' aomlemy

56 00,

74 66

German Prole.staiil Strb. of Mont.
Polnle dn Ij-.h'

'"'ro

1.30
56
45

..... .|

74 00
74 00
74 00
74 00

56 00

Si I'Monard Temific. girls'pcLool

Chaieau-Ricber

Loibiuiere

2998

Carrieil forward

9433

8545 00

4712 00

List No. 6 — Mouei. Schools. — {Continued.)

Calh

olicH.

Piotefitaiils.

NAME OK INSTITUTION.

•eI

c
r; •

;i'X)

_ CO

a '■*

ii.

2998

Annual cranl
for 1863.

Carried forward

Riviere-Oiieile

9433
33

66
65
56
108
71

8545 00
74 00
74 00
74 (
74 00
74 0(1
74 00

4712 00

Si. NiircissB

Si. Pi.^cli;il

Su'. Fiirnille. Isliiiid of Orleiins..
Sle. Foye. . . . ,

St. Si ill lis las

I.Ht^ils

74 00

Si. H^iiri de lVlH>t'oiU'lie

J18

119

1J5

.';0

126

105

102

150

800

74 00
56 00
66 00
56 00
.*)6 0(1
56 00
74 00
74 00
74 00
74 00
74 00
74 00
74 00
74 00
74 00
74 00
74 00
74 00
74 00
74 00
74 00

74 on

74 00
74 00
74 00
74 00

EiMliellils

St. .lean Ci v<o»i6ine No, 2

Rivieiti-de-i-Praini^s

St. [^(iiiis de Goii/airue

Si. Leon

St. Anne

Calh. Sell. .Point Si Cliarle«,MoMt

St. Jolin's Siibnib, Quebec. ....

St. Aiidie Aveliii

St. Ale.vandre, Iberville

AcadiH

Ste. Caire,

S'. Cliarles, Bellecha.'^se, girls

Cap St. I"nace

St. Anseltne, bnyis' school

Escoiimiiis

St. Ivloininl, Temiscouiiia, boy^ . .
Si. Frederii'k, Drnrnfnoiiil

Iberville

Si. freiiee

St. Piiilip

St. Ca ixtH de Sornrner.^et

St. Saiivenr, Quebec

St. Rocli de l'A('tn<'fan

St. Re^ris "^

|3040

Carried forward

12702

10823 00

4786 00

List No. 6.— Modkl liciioois.— {Continued).

Catholics.

Protestants.

NAME OF INSTITUTION.

'o,
a.
o

*-•

■5,

B
1

3040
52

1- CO

_ 00
rt ^

s
c

Ciurieil forwaid

St. Henri. Uissmit ilmiIs

l-270i

10823 00

4786 00
74 00

Heiirivil le", Ibervi ItJ

94
116

i 80
36
88
41
98
250
110

56 00
56 00
56 00
56 00
74 00;
74 OOJ
56 00;
56 00'
56 00

AitliubuskiiviilH

St. AiisBliiit.!, (Convent)

. . .»

j . . . .

Bii'ifolville

Ciirlfcton

Coteiiu ilu Luc

Dt!st'.li;irubiiiilt, (Convent)

St. Henri. H()cliela"^a

Ste. Helene, Kiunouraska

Inverness

56 00

Ste. Jnlie. Mecranlic

50
75
64
73

56 00
74 00
56 001
56 00

St. Lne

St. Lambert, Levis

Mataiie

JVla'^oo"

....

74 00

Maria, Ronaventure

60
106

107

! 75

118

45
110

74 00
56 00
56 00!
74 00
56 00!

74 00;

93 00'
74 00
56 00
56 00

Ste. Martine, "iris

Nicolet

St. Placiiie

St. Ursule

1 , , . ,

Sault-anx-RecoUets

Sherrinifton i

Huntin'^doii. (Convent) !

j. . . .

Henri VI lie

St. EtieiMie, Ottawa !

West Sheftbrd '

75 00

St. Romuakl, Levis

"90
124

40 00

56 00

56 00'

St. Sninice

Cao Rou"e

3196

Total

14914

12426 00

5065 00