IMAGE EVALUATION TEST TARGET (MT-S) V /. {/ A^ V 1.0 I.I 1.25 2.8 1^ 1^ ~ WULi 1.4 |Z2 M 1.6 t %^. (^ /i A * ^ Oj^ Photographic Sciences Corporation 23 WEST MAIN STREET WEBSTER, NY. 14580 (716) 872-4503 l\ iV ay significantly change the usual method of filming, are checked below. a Coloured covers/ Couverture de couleu;> I I Covers damaged/ Couverture endommag^e Covers restored and/or laminated/ Couverture restaurie et/ou peilicu)6« Cover title missing/ Le titre de couverture manque Coloured maps/ Cartes g^ographiques en coulaur Coloured ink (i.e. other than blue or black)/ Encre Je couleur (i.e. autre que blaun ou noire) Coloured plates and/or illustrations/ Planches et/ou illustrations en couleur Bound with other material/ Relid avec d'autres documents D D Tight binding may cause shadows or distortion along interior margin/ Lareliure serree peut causer de I'ombre ou de la distorsion to long da la marge intdrieure Blank leaves added during restoration may appear within the text. Whenever possible, these have been omitted from filming/ II se peut que certaines pages blanches ajouties lors dune restauration apparaissent dansi ta texte, mais, lorsque cela dtait possible, ces paqes n'ont pas iti film^es. □ Additional comments:/ Commentaires suppl^mentaires; L'Institut a microfilm* le meilleur exemplaire quit lui a eti possible de se procurer. Les details de cet exemplaire qui sont peut-dtre uniques du poin< de vue bibiiographique, qui peuvent modifier une image reproduite, ou qui peuvent exiger une modification dans la m^thode normale de filmage sont indiquis ci-dessous. □ Coloured pages/ Pages de couleur □ Pages damaged/ F Pages endommag^es Pages restored and/oi Pages restaur^es et/ou pelliculdes Pages discoloured, stained or foxe< Pages ddcolor^es, tachet^os ou piquees Pages detached/ Pages d^tachees Showthrough/ Transparence Quality of prir Quality indgale de {'impression Includes supplementary materis Comprend du materiel supplementaire Only edition available/ Seule Coition disponible j I Pages restored and/or laminated/ r~~] Pages discoloured, stained or foxed/ I I Pages detached/ r~] Showthrough/ j I Quality of print varies/ I I Includes supplementary material/ I I Only edition available/ n Pages whollv or partially obscured by errata slips, tissues, etc., have been refilmed to ensure the best possible image/ Les pages totalement ou partiellement obscurcies par un feuillet d'errata. una pelure, etc.. cnt 6t6 film^es d nouveau de facon a obtenir la meilleure image possible. This item is filmed at the reduction ratio checked below/ Ce document est film* au taux de reduction indiqr* ci-dessous. ^°X 14X 18X 22X 26X 30X 12X 16X 20X 24X 28X 32X The copy filmsd hare has been reproduced thanks to the generosity of: Seminary of Quebec Library The images appearing here are the best quality possible considering the condition and legibility of the original copy and in Iceeping with the filming contract specifications. Original copies in printed paper covers are filmed beginning with the front cover and ending on the last page with a printed or illustrated impres- sion, or the bacit cover when appropriate. All other original copies are filmed beginning on the first page v^ith a printed or illustrated impres- sion, and eroding on the last page with a printed or illustrated impression. The last recorded frame on each microfiche shall contain the symbol —^-(meaning "CON- TINUED"), or the symbol V (meaning "END"), whichever applies. Maps, plates, charts, etc., may be filmed at different reduction ratios. Those too large to be entirely included in one exposure are filmed beginning in the upper left hand corner, left to right and top to bottom, as many frames as required. The following diagrams illustrate the method: L'exemplaire filmii fut reproduit grice ik la ginirositi de: Siminaire de Quebec Bibliothdque Les images suivantes ont 6t6 reproduites avec le plus grand soin, compte tenu de la condition at de la nettet* de l'exemplaire film«, at en conformity avec ies conditions du contrat de filmage. Las exemplaires originaux dont la couverture en papier est imprimie sont fiimis en commenqant par le premier plat at an terminant soit par la dernlAre page qui comporte une ampreinte d'impression ou d'illustration, soit par le second plat, selon le cas. Tcus les autras axemplaires originaux sont film^s en commenpant par la premiere page qui comporte une empreinte d'impression ou d'illustration et en terminant par la derniire page qui comporte une telle empreinte. Un dee symboles suivants apparaitra sur la dernlAre image de cheque microfiche, selon le ca4: le symbole — ^ signifie "A SUIVRE ", le symbols V signifie "FIN". Les cartas, planches, tableaux, etc., peuvent dtre filmte d des taux de rMuction diff brents. Lorsque le document est trop grand pour §tre reproduit en un seul cUcM. il est film4 ^ partir do I'angle sup^rieur gauche, de gauche it droite, et de haut en bas, en prenant le nombre d'images n^cessaire. Les diagrammes :>»;o«-- Portland, Oregon, July 21, 1879. Editor Catholic Sentinel^ Dear Sir :— Ah the Vicariate of Idaho (which also contains that part of Montana territorj' lying west of the Rocky Moun- tains) is under the administration of Arch- bishop Blanchet, since the resignation of its Vicar Apostolic— July IG, 1876, and as the Coadjutor to Archbishop 1)1. mchet will visit that region first, I send for insertion in the columns of your valuable Catholic weekly the following historical facts con- cerning the establishment of Catholic Miss- ions in that r« gion. THE MISSIONS TO BE VISITED are those of Northern Idaho, Montana, and Southern Idaho, in the order named. The Vicariate contains four Indian Miss- ions which are still under the care of the Jesuit Fathers whose Order first founded them, and seven other Missions for the whites. The Indian Missions still retain the names given to the tribes by the French Canadians employed as voyiigeurs by the various early expeditions to this coast, and as traders among the Indians by the Northwest and Hudson's Bay Compan- ies. The Missions of Northern Idaho are known as the Kez Perces ( Pierced Noses) and the Cwurs d'Alenes (Hearts awls or Pointed Hearts.) Those of Montana are the Pendants d' Oreilfe {ear rings) of St. Igna,titis. ; 'yi^'^is^cognomen, for abbrevia- tion Bake is wt^ifceh not Pen but Pend' d' Or^iU% by om'^k^i)^ the last syllable of Jfe/j(|«nl./ffhe jp'S7e]^ tribe is the Tetes Plat^«. ij]i% Head?,} rif St. Mary's Mission. IN THE ORDER OF CONVERSION to the Faith the Tetes Plates are the first, and the manner of their becoming Catho- lics is worthy of being recorded among the archives of history. In the year 1812, twenty-four Cathelic Iroquois Indians from Canada deserted from the expedition or- ganized by Captain Hunt, in 1811, and took up their abode among the Flat Head nation where they intermarried and raised nu- merous families. During their daily in- tercourse the Iroquois naturally spoke to the Tetes Plates of their religion, their priests, ceremonies, churches and festivals. This information made the Flat Heads desire to learn more about the Christian religion; accordingly, in 1830, they sent a deputation to St. Louis, Missouri, in order to secure Missionaries to teach them the truths of Christianity. The delegation ar- rived safely but shortly afterwards its members fell sick, they called for the priests, were baptized, and expired kissing the crucifix. Two years later the Indiana sent an Iroquois to seek for the Blackgowns. He arrived safely at St. Louis, had his children baptized, and was returning with the glad tidings when he was murdered by the Sioux Indians on his route. A third delegation of two Iroquois was sent in 1839 who also reached St. Louis, which they left in the Fall of that year filled with the hope that some Catholic Missionaries would visit them the ensuing year. This hope was fulfilled by. the appearance among them in 1840 of Father P. J. De Smet, S. J., who founded the Flat Head Mission of St. Mary's in 1811. It is re- lated by Bishop Rosati of St Louis, Mis- souri, that some Protestant missionaries, who had left the Eastern States with great eclat, were anxious to settle among the Tetes Plates, but the Iroquois told their Indian relatives that "these men were not the priests about whom they had spoken to them. They were not the priests with long black gowns, who have no wives, who say Mass, and who bear a crucifix upon their hearts." THE MISSION OP ST. IGNATIUS among the Pend' d' Oreille Indians was es- tablished in 1842, It has a boarding and day school for the Indians, established many years ago, attended by 5 Sisters of the House of Providence, Montreal. That oi the Cceurd'Alenes'mlMZ. The mur d'Alene Mission also has schools for the Indian children, attended to by three Sis- ters of the House of Providence, Vancouv- er; that of the Mz Perces in 1875. The Coeur d'Alene Indians were very wicked ; the name pointed hearts signifies their tree character, but the Catholic Church— the true civilizer of pagan nations — changed, in a short time, these wolves of the forest into lambs of the fold. Far different was the result in the case of the Nez Perces Indians of Lapwai, and of the Cayuse Indians of Wailatpu, under the rule of Protestant preachers. The Presbyterian minister Spalding settled among the Nez Perces in 1836 ; Dr. Whit- man, also a Presbyterian minister, started — during the same year — an extensive mission among the Caymes, a mile dis- tant from old Fort Walla Walla, Washing- ton territory. But the labors of both these representatives of sectarianism were al- most entirely fruitless if wo may judge from the fact that after laboring among them assiduously for eleven years — from 1836 to 1847— Dr. Whitman was murdered by his neophytes, and Mr. Spaulding would have shared a similar fate had he not been rescued from their hands by Peter S. Ogden, Chief Factor of the Hudson's Bay Co., in January 1848. Mr. Spaulding returned to the Nez Perces in 1862 and remained until 1877, (fifteen years) with no better success as he had not sufficient influence over them to keep them from joining the forces of Joseph on the war-path against the whites in 1877. THE MISSION OF THK COEUR D'ALENE Indians, was al»out eighty miles nurth of the Nez Perces; the latter Indians had heard much of the manner in which the Catholic Missionaries instructed and assis- ted the Indians among whom they labored. Many of them, therefore, embraced the Catholic faith, and, their number increas- ing, they asked that a priest might reside among them so as to be able to give them the consolations of tlie Sacraments. Ac- cordingly, Father Cataldo, S. J., yielded to their petitions, and took up his residence among them in 1875, Assisted by the generosity of the citizens of Lewiston, Idaho, he was enabled to erect a Church and established a schoc', the beneficial effects of which were discovered when, in 1877, it was found that NOT A SINGLE CATHOLIC INDIAN under his teaching was hostile to the whites, but, on the contrary, both they and the Cceur dMtenes thoroughly proved their fidelity to Catholic teaching by using their influence among other Indian tribes to keep them from joining the ranks of the hostiles and aided the soldiers by acting as scouts and doing all in their power to bring the war to a close. MISSIONS FOR THE WHITES. Of the several missions for the whites, two are in Montana and the other five in Southern Idaho, called, by the early Cana- dian traders, jBojse, in Englirih "woody" from Boiii, wood. This name was given to Fort Boise in consequence of the density of wood in its immediate vicinity. Missoula City, Montana, is in charge of one of the Jesuit Fathers. It has a day and boarding school, also an hospital at- tended by six Sisters of Providence from Montreal. Deer Lodge City, Montana, is in charge of a sf^cular priest, Rev. R. De Ryckere, who Wi\s sent there in 18f»7 by tlie Bishop of Nesqualy. In 1873 Father Pe Ryckere erected a hospital which was opened in October following under charge of five Sisters of Charity from the Mother House of Levenworth, Kansas. A stone Churcli, 26x60 with a residence in the rear, was completed in 1876, having cost $4,000. This Mission extends over a circumference of sixty miles. The discovery of gold in the Foise Basin of Idaho in 1861-2, having induced a large immigration, Archbishop Blanchet ap- pointed the following year Rev. A. Z. Poulin and Rev. T. Mesplie to attend to the spiritual wants of Catholics. Three Churches were built in 1868 ; the first at Idaho City, was blessal on the 15th of November ; the second at Placerville, on Dec. 20th ; and the third at Centrevilie on Christmas Day. During subsequent years spacious Churches were erected at Granite Creek, Silver City and Boise City. On Decem- ber 13th., 1867, three Sisters of the Holy Names, from the Mother House in this city, took their departure for Idaho City to open a day and boarding school which they conducted for two years, but the transitorj' nt-ture of the population forced them to abandon the enterprise. VICARIATE OF IDAHO. In accordance with the recommenda- tions of the Second Plenary Council of Baltimore, in 1866, the eastern portions of the Diocese of Oregon City and Nesqualy were erected into the Vicariate Apostolic ofldaho March 3rd, 1868, with Rt. Rev. Louis Lootens of California for its Vicar Apostolic. Having been consecrated by the Most Rev. Archbishop of San Francis- co, August 9th., 1868, he took possession of his Vicariate early in 1869. Bishop Lootens obtained his resignation July 16th, 1876. The Southern Missions of Idaho are now attended by two secular priests, Rev. A. J. A. Arcliambault and Rev. Joseph Pickl. Both priests and the faithful in Idaho have lone and earnestly desired the Episcopal Visitation of the Coadjutor Archbishop; and, as a matter of interest to Catholics, I desire to append the following ITINERARV OF ARCHBISHOP SEGHliRS VISIT. I. — From Portland to Lewiston, Idaho, a mile from the Nez Pcrces Catholic Miss- ion— 401 miles by steamboat in tlireedays, two days on the (yolumbia and one day on the Snake River. II.— From Lewiston North to Pine Creek— the new Mission where the Coeurd'Alene Indians were re- moved to a few years since— 60 miles on horseback in two days. III. — East to St. Ignatius' Mission among the Perid' d'Oreilie Indians, 250 miles over mountain roads rendered difficult through fallen timber. Time : six to eight days on horseback. IV. — Thence south lo the Mission of St. Mary's among the Flat Head Indians, seventy miles on horseback in two or three days. — (Missoula City is half way between the two) V. — From St. Mary's south-east to Deer Lodge, 120 miles on horseback or by stage from Missoula. VI. Deer Loflge south to Ogden 475 miles by stage. VII. — From Ogden west to Kelton, 70 miles by railroixl in three hours. VIII. From Kelton north to Boise City 300 miles by stage. IX. — Thence northwest to Biker City, the farthest eastern Mission of the Archdiocese, (350 miles from Portland) by stage in two days. X. — Tlience soutli-west to Canyon City, 90 miles by stage. XI. — Thence south-west to Jacksonville by stage. XII.- -From Jacksonville to Portland, vis- iting the intermediate missions and sta- tions at Roseburg, the Coast, from Gardin- er City to Ellensburg ; Corvallis, Salem, Gervais, St. Louis, St. Paul, and Oregon City. The performance of this Episcopal tour will occupy nearly three months. Let u? all pray that Archbishop Seghers mi»y have a safe and prosperous journey. Upon his return he will subsequently \isit th'^ Missions at Grand lound Agency, McMin- ville, Cornelius, Astoria, Dalles and Uma- tilla Agency. Your humble servant in J. C, F. N. i.