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^t,^u*'t>C'Utru^ 
 
 A CHARGE 
 
 DEI-IVERED TO 
 
 THE SYNOD OF THE DIOCESE OF ONTARIO, 
 
 20th NOVEMBER, 1866, 
 
 BY THE 
 
 Right Rev. J.T. LEWI S, D.D, LL.D, LordBishop. 
 
 My Rev. Brethren and Buethken : 
 
 In addressing you at the opening of t iiis the iifth session of our 
 Diocesan Synod, I feel that I enter on my duty nnder circumstances 
 which call for peculiar thankfulness to Almighty God Not only have 
 we as a people been blessed with a bounteous return to the labors ot the 
 husbandman, but we have been rescued from what at one time seemed 
 the dangers of a perilous invasion. W(! can scarcely exaggerate the 
 atrocities which might have been perpetrated had not the wicked enter- 
 prise been frustrated at the outset, and the only gleam ot satisfaction m 
 the retrospect of the miserable aftair arises from the fact that an oppor- 
 tunity was afforded of exhibiting the innate loyalty of our countrymen 
 to their Queen and constitution -a loyalty that I teel assured would have 
 been as eagerly displayed against much more formidable antagonists than 
 a horde ot^unprincipled miscreants. , . n i i 
 
 But in an especial manner have I reason to render thanks to God, who 
 raised me up from what to all outward appearance seemed the bed ot 
 death, and my humble prayer is that I may show tortli my t^hanktulness 
 bv living more to Him, so as to be " an instrument ot His glory by 
 servin.^ Him taithfullv, and doing good in my generation ;" and 1 cannot 
 permit'this occasion, 'when as a Church we meet together, to pass away 
 without gratefully acknowledging the great allev vitinn rtli i m JLsickness 
 which I received from the wid(i spread cond|i_^ -n— -ft r^-^mc, 
 tested, and the many thoughtful and praji^Ww»»vS Tn^vlflc^'it'mas 
 evinced. It was to me a matter of regrj" 
 Synod could not be convened at the usualf . . ^ , 
 thouo-h T had been able to rniM't you last .ifce, it might have been 
 
 ble to postpones tlu; session iu cons("(|ueiKmjAi!«*-^*-«*»l^^';^ jJ^^'^S^'f 
 l»rovince, as was, I find, the course adoptee r««l»«Wtii.H<ui)t.,ltecW^ia«? I ot 
 
 the neighboring Diocese of Toronto. 
 
 'fJ^M J^**^^"''^^ 
 
Since our last session I have been able to complete, with the exception 
 of a lew missions, my confirmation journey through the western portion 
 of the Diocese, during which 1039 persons were confirmed, 856 of whom 
 were admitted at the same time to the Holy Communion. The number 
 of orr Churcli edifices is now one hundred and eighteen. We have lost 
 one old missionary by death, two have been transferred to another 
 Diocese, while one, alas ! to the grief of many and the scandal of the 
 whole Church, has been deposed from the office of the Sacred oVlinistry. 
 Five candidates for lioly orders have been ordained Deacons, four of 
 whom are grmluates of the University of Trinity College, and three have 
 been admitted to the priesthood, making the whole number of the clergy 
 in the Diocese seventy-six. 
 
 I refrain from making any detailed comments upon the stat(! of our 
 several Diocesan Funds, because our financial position will be discussed 
 at length in tl'e reports of the chairmen of the various committees. I 
 must, however, notice with satisfaction that our Mission Fund has ex- 
 ceeded that of the previous year by the consideral)le amount of !{;748.13. 
 The Sustentation Fund has not i)rogressed as rapidly as I hoped, i)ut 
 this may be accounted for by the fact of the Society for the Pro])agation 
 of the Gospel having renewed their grant of £550 stg. for three years, 
 which gives us more time for preparing to meet the demand Avhich will 
 fall heavily upon our resources when that grant is finally withdrawn. 
 The subscriptions to the fund have reached the sum of 113,853.48, of 
 which 111,073.11 have l)een invested. 
 
 Regarding our organi/atiou for the work of tlu; Diocese, T am more and 
 more convinced that it is as satisfactory as the most sanguine couid have 
 anticipated. I do not mean to say that improvement may not be jjossiljle 
 in details, and to all suggestions for such improvement we shall, I trust, 
 always be ready to lend an attentive ear; but of this I am certain, that 
 our ftiture success must depend on " the spirit of power and love and of a 
 sound mind" with which we use the machinery we have, lather than on 
 any attempts to extend or edify the Church by the mere foice of system, 
 however perfect; and I think it may reasonaPy be inferred tliat our 
 organization has 1 Atn tolerably successfid, when we find tlu old Dioceses 
 < f Montreal and Toronto imitating ou;' mode of procedure and taking 
 measures for the Incorporation of their respective Synods. But while I 
 bear my willing testimony to the increasing liberality of the members of 
 the Church, I would seriously press upon the laity to give urgent anil 
 serious attention to the wants yet to be supplied. According to return' 
 made to me by the clergy, I have ascertained that the total iimount con- 
 tributed for Church purposes for the year ending June 30lh, 18(i6, was 
 ninety thousand dollars, and if we take into account that liese returns 
 do not include considerable sums given by (churchmen wliicii do not 
 come within the knowledge of their Ministers, it is not unreasonable to 
 assume that for the year 18(55 one hundred thousand dollars were raised 
 for objects connected with the support of th'i Church. Avid if this 
 amount of liberality could be exhibited in a year of great depression, 
 surely with returning national prosperity we should with grateful impulse 
 replenish the treasury of our Zion with still am))ler gii'ts. There still 
 remain cliun-hes to be built, parsoiiagcis to be provided, new missions to 
 be established; and above all, there should be a generous efibr!, to raise 
 the stipends of our missionaries above the grinding level of six liundred 
 dollars a year. And though I am aware how trite a subject is that of 
 
d 
 
 inissionaiy supi^ort, and how little of a new character can be added in its 
 bcliiili', yi't T cannot tbrhcar from touching upon it, l)ecru£e I conscien- 
 tiously Ik'Hi'vu that our attachment to the Church of God, our apprecia- 
 tion of our own spiritual advantaj^es, our sympathy for those who are out 
 )f the way, and our sense t)f the importance of maintaining and even 
 elevating the educational standard and social position of the Clergy, all 
 may be accurately guaged by the amount of our self-denial in furtherance 
 of the missionary cause. 
 
 Two very important Acts of Parliament have been i)assed during the 
 last Sessi(m— <me, An Act to enable the Synod to sell the Rectories ; the 
 other, to i)onnit the Provincial Synod to vary, repeal, or amend the 
 Church Temporalities Act. It will be necessary, therefore, for the Synod 
 to provide for the carrying out of the permission to sell the Rectories 
 wherever it shall be thought advisable to dibpose of them, aj it W)uld be 
 obviously inconvenient to convene special meetings of Synod for the 
 consideration of each proposed sale. 
 
 ONTARIO COLLEGE. 
 
 For several years I have r^'-Tjlored the want in this Diocese of any 
 institution where members . jie Church and others could obtain for 
 their sons the advantages of an education such as is given in the great 
 public schools at home. As our country increases in population and 
 material i)rospcrity, there is a growing demand for a higher class educa- 
 tion than is afforded in the county grammar schools, which are for the most 
 part day schools, and do not, as I think, fulfil public expectation. In 
 consequence of this want, it has of late years become customary for those 
 who can alTord it to send their sons to England to be educated. This I 
 should not regret in itself, if it were not confined to the few, and if all 
 who were educated at home returned to Canada to give us the benefit of 
 their training ; but it is a refiection on our enterprise and appreciation of 
 educational culture if we do not strive to bring its advantages in the 
 most perfect shape within the reach of a more numerous class. The 
 establishment and success of two such seminaries, one JJOO miles east of 
 us and the other the same distance to the west, conclusively prove the 
 existence of such a want as I describe, ana should inspire us with a hope 
 of founding a similar school for Central Canada with good prospect of 
 succeeding. Circumstances on which I need not dwell at length have 
 induced me to select Picton as the site of the proposed school. I had 
 many inducements to do so, and among them I mention two — first, that 
 it was possible to purchase a house and land suited for our purpose ; and 
 secondly, that the pe()i)le of the county promised to subscribe $8000 of 
 the purchase money. Altogether $14,182 have been subscribed, and notes 
 payable in four equal annual instalments have been given by the sub- 
 scril)ers. It had been hoped that we might have opened the school for 
 the reception of pupils this autumn, but that is now impossible, as my 
 long inability to engage in active business has retarded the work ; but I 
 bring the subject before the notice of the Synod because the school will 
 be in connection with the Church as to government, patronage, and 
 property; and I would wish to enlist the sympathy of so influential a 
 body in promoting knowledge, which is only really blessed when it is 
 Christian and is made the handmaid of the Church. There has been no 
 regular canvass for funds iu aid of the institution as yet ; but since so 
 
hirgo a sum has hecii given in rospouHc to my own apjilication, eitlier 
 perscmally or by circular, I am sanguine tluit by a little ctlort we may be 
 enabled by the liberality of friends of (idueatioii to open our school early 
 next spring. And let us, while engaged in this business, recollect the 
 untold advantages that Inive resulted to the mother country from the 
 education given in successive ages in her endowed public schools. Many 
 of them originated in feeble beginnings, but being endowed in faith they 
 gatiiOred strength as time rolled on, and have sui)plie(l England with her 
 ablest 5ons in the arts of ])eace ami war. Tin; (Miurch as a spiritual 
 l)ody dejjendson tlie ])romise of her Divine Lord that she shall <;ontinue 
 to the end, whether endowed or unenriched Avith this world's wealth, but 
 there is a sense in which a relined and liberal education (which, when 
 fostered hy the Church, will react upon her and sustain her) needs 
 endowment for its development and perpetuity. We need security that 
 \ve shall have the ablest teachers that the age can sui)ply, and thus be 
 inde])endent of the w liims of fashion or the fluctuations of voluntary 
 support. To the opulent among us who know the naticmal advantages 
 which spring from education, I comn.end "Ontario College," which nuiy, 
 I liope, serve to reproduce in our adopted country, it may be on a small 
 scale, an instance of a public school, inconsiderable at first, but growing 
 with the life of the nation, and perpetuating the names of many who 
 will become its benefactors by subscriptions or bequests. 
 
 IIITUALISM. 
 
 The Cliurcli in the Mother Country is just now engagetl in an acrimo- 
 nious controversy regarding Ritualism. This movement has followed 
 close upon the agitation caused by "Essays and Reviews" and Dr. 
 Colenso, and under cover of the excitement stirred up by the revival of 
 obsolete ritual, the far more momentous question of deadly heresy in the 
 Church has become of secondary impijrtance in public estimation. 
 Indeed, it may well startle us when we find that there are multitudes 
 who, if Ave nuvy judge froni the warmth of their speeches, the tone of 
 their writings, and the violence of their acts, are much more tolerant to 
 a Bishop or a Priest avIh^ denies the ins2)iration of God's word, or the 
 eternity of future punishment, than they are to one Avho pra(!tises a 
 Ritual of doubtful legality. The nuiss of imthinking men are ever more 
 sensitive to a change in a ceremony than to a variation in a doctrine. But 
 Avhile Ave lament the greater facility Avith Avhich zeal may be roused against 
 an unusual ceremonial, than in defence of great doctrines of the Gospel, 
 and Avhile avc can trace it to the natural tendency to Avalk by sight and 
 not by faith, I am far from thinking that the adoption of the Ritual 
 comijlained of has not the element of great danger, though I do not 
 apprehend it from the direction to Avhich many look in alarm. In the 
 Avords Avhich I shall address to you, my desire is to calm undue feeling 
 and to point out Avhat I conceive to be our own duty as regards this 
 unhapi)y t<)pic of agitaticm. And I think, in the first place, it Avill tend 
 to reassure, as Avell as give us a fairer grasp of the Avholc (question in 
 debate, if avc bear in mind the following ctonsid'-rations :~ - 
 
 I. As ChristianH we cannot but believe that there is nothing improper 
 or inunoral in Ritualism jicr sc, Avhen employed in the wonihip of God, 
 The books of Moses contain an account of a highly ritualistic service, 
 sanctioned by Divine Authority, for the Church of the old dispensation 
 
 ,1 
 
5 
 
 t 
 
 (1 
 
 on earth, and tlic K(jvi'lati«»n of St. .John «;ivf.s us an insight into tin- 
 jforycoiis ritual of tlu- Cliurih in Ik-avcn. It (U-pcntls, tlu'icloic. wiiolly 
 on tlic cinnunstanct'S of the case, whether a certain liitual in the Chureii 
 .Militant l)e riylit or wrouu; heeause liitual onee jjossessed a divine 
 sanction — an approval whieh eould never have l»een aceorded to an\thin<i,' 
 wronj^ in itself. 
 
 II. But as Churchmen we arc Uitualists ; so much so that our onlinary 
 mode of worship ditfers c.\ceetlin<^ly from that of all others, and is 
 esteemed 1»>' those who dissent from us as Kituaiistie in tlu- extreme. 
 Uniformity in this Ritual is one of the leading principles of the Church ; 
 and that nothing should ))e left to the ca))rice of an individual minister 
 is the necessary conse(iuenee. The directions for the celel)ration of our 
 ritual arc to be found in the llul)rics, which are part of tiic Statute Law, 
 being confirmed by the Act of Uniformity, and conseijuently, according 
 to J^ord llardwick's celebrated decision, " bind the laity." The clergy 
 arc of course bound to the observance of the Rubrics by their subscrip- 
 tions of conformity and solemn declarations, and neither clergy nor laity 
 can plead usage as justification for non-compliance; with the Rul)rics, 
 because no custom can supersede the Statute Law. In the great case of 
 Liddell vk. Westerton, the Judicial ('ommittee afhrm that '' in the per- 
 formance of tlu; services, rites, and eerenu)nies, ordered by the Prayer 
 book, the directions ccmtained in it must be strictly observetl ; that no 
 omissions and no additions can be permitted ;" while the Prayer book 
 itself provides "that for the resolution of all doubts concerning the 
 manner how to understand, do, and execute the things contained in this 
 book, the parties who so douljt shall always resort to the IJishoi) of the 
 Diocese, who Ity his discretion shall take oriler for the (juieting and 
 appeasing of the sanu,*," Now, although this was, aiul continues to be, 
 the unqiiestional)le state of the law, yet for generations the services of 
 the Church were performed with little or no regard Icj rubrical accuracy. 
 The carelessness of the clergy prompted, and the laxity of iJishops 
 winked at, the most flagrant deviations from Church order, while the 
 laity apathetically accjuiesced in glaring violations of that uniformity in 
 worship which is a leading feature of our Church. The disuse of the 
 Offertory and daily prayer, the dismissal of the congregation immediately 
 after the Kermon was entled, the baptism of infants at any time but the 
 prescribed time, the neglect (A' the (. hurch's fasts and festivals, the 
 curtailment of the services, may serve as glaring instances of errors of 
 defect in ritual; while the singing of hynuis at the C(jmmencement of divine 
 service, the use of extemporaneous ]>rayer, and dignifying one part of 
 the service, namely, the sermon, with the extra Ritual of 2)r<)cessions and 
 change of vestments, are illustrations of errors of addition in unauthorized 
 ceremonial, which widely prevailed twenty years ago, and are even yet 
 not uncommon. Now% in the great religious awakening of om- day, it 
 Avas to be expectetl that there should be a return to Jirst i)rinciples, 
 and particularly to that great principle of uniibrmity to which the clergy 
 are so solenmly' pledged. This was not, however, attempted without 
 much excitement and acrimonious controversy; re/turatioii in the per- 
 formance of divine services was too often mistaken for liiiuir'itioii, aiul the 
 controversy regarding the Rubric on the '* ornaments of the Church and 
 the ministers thereof" does not now create; niorc strife than did the 
 subject then of Credence Tables, and Suri)lices and Offertory, points 
 which have at length been detiuitely settled by the highest Court of 
 
I 
 
 6 
 
 Ai)|)fal, a.1,1 tlK! usc^ of wliich altiacts no ath-ntlon, lu-in- rc-ar.lct as a 
 ".;.<*.;■• o» <-oms,.. WiM.n fl.j.n-ron., w find ....n, who, llm.na. ••n-ors , ' 
 
 " ;■ ' 'r'';''^ tl.,. aws ut the (• rU in points on wl.i,l. ihm- is no 
 
 <l<H.l.t whalcv,.,-, i|„. n...st vd„.,ncnt assailants of tlnir Urcthn-n on 
 ix.mts ot (lonl.ttul Icjrality, w(^ arc coinpdiu.l to tho l.dicf that there is 
 !vi./r!"'"!^' >• " !""!' ^"^'">'-it'i^ive interin-etation of the hi^rhest court 
 whereby th<. ilispnt.-d j)c..nts nn.y },e forever set at rest. Tliev wl.o are 
 KUilty ot_ errors of onnssion, and they win, are guilty of errors of eoni- 
 nnss.on m the i.ertornn.nce of divine service, arf equally rcprehensihlo 
 and neither .-an l,rn,g charges against the othi with lonsistencv! 
 And >et they denounce each other as though excesses or defects in thj 
 o Kseryanc-e of onr 1 ,tual were nuvtters of taste and not nuitters of law 
 as ,t 1 knigs and d.sl.k.ngs could have any weight in u ceremonial fence 
 
 .und by stringent acts of Parliament, and assented to by the cIcM'"y 
 the most solenni deelarat mns. While then I have no hesitation^ 
 expressing my own belief that many Churches in the Mother Countrv 
 practise a ceienionial winch deserves to be .umdemned, 1 also believe 
 the re^ison why it is culpable is because it is in many points .7/.^.^/ and 
 not because I have any great apprehensions that its tendencv is necessar v 
 
 oinish. It IS incumbent on me to make my meaning on this ,,oint cle ? 
 J .ere IS notlnng essentially#l{omish in a grand Hitual. Tl, O ien i 
 
 Imrch, which, as against K,,ine, is thoroughly I'n.testant as oursdve 
 
 IS u ceremonial which to us would seem excessive. The Luther n 
 C liurch has a ritual compared witli which our own, as on i m v 
 
 cSk^^c^-'tI'T'i '";\^r-V:' -"^l---» -- ^l'n.bl its Protciln^ 
 clniacte . 1 he „dy of Christians called Irvingites rejoicx.s in a o-or- 
 
 miln L.;."f 't./''- /'' '' f /•""V^'-"'"5«i"Ji- the Protestantism ot^ s 
 ncmbe s. J le tact seems to be that the common sense of mankind 
 
 knows that Ki ual is one of the most powerful agents for ,nhXn^ 
 nipressing and p..-pet,mting great principles ,- and well is this kn, wn Yo 
 
 be the case by such organi/.atiims as the Orange and JMasonie and Tern 
 
 SoflSdwhin"""r'V'"'^'*"'V""'"l^^^"^^^-- 
 1 1 V to l^w n !'"'> '^''^'""^'-^ deserving of censure wJicn it is con- 
 aiy to has, ind when the actors in it become liable to the rebuke 
 denoimced by the thirty-fourth Article against him " Whos<,evVr tlroi -h 
 Ins private judgment, willingly and purposely doth openly break cm 
 ditions and ceremonies of the Church." To^ this censure^ I gr ektly fe u- 
 
 ^"S; ^'V;;:';r"f '^'i'-';'"^ '"l? .U'Vote<l brethren at home luve dc!Z 
 Iv 1 ^ '^.^^'^''ty or Illegality of the practices which are most 
 
 niK, sib^^^^ ''""\ ''' ^''y^'^^^n^tnous to otter an opinion, since i 
 
 ^3 C MM ^ ^ 1 "^?«S^'^^';^^;?"« ^='l"'>'^i«ts t., anticipate the decision 
 ot SI icii .1 Coil, as the Judicial Committee of the Privv Council Snch 
 a tribunal is beyond the reach of ordinary criticism ; but w i^e it is n 
 
 Eed of {;'-'-V'"-"'r'^^"'\^'r ^"^^^ 1^^'^ •'" ^'- Uitualiim^o - 
 p aincd ot, it s not going beyond t1»e limits of charity to maintain the 
 
 utter inexpediency <,t reviving some of those practices, and ^Zil 
 
 CtU^^^^V ;;^"^''V,/''''^^=™1'''^' tliense!,f services unauthS 
 by the 1 ia>er Look, and the apparent straining to assimilate; the cele- 
 bration ot the Holy Eucharist to that of the H<,mish mass 
 
 but, except (m the principle that "when one member sutlers all the 
 
 ""; '"'iW VV'' '*' ; -^,!-^r-'-^'>' - ^l"--t interest in tld^clmt^ 
 ly h ^ , 'f "" l"-!»l»i'>i'ity that our Diocese will overstep the law of 
 the Church and be guilty of illegal excess in Ritual ; and m/gTOund foJ 
 
 '5 
 
I 
 
 cnlcrtfiiiuiii? this opinion is hocivusc T bcliove tlicre is a sincere desire on 
 the part of the Cler<^y i^enerally to conduct the services of the Sanctuary 
 rubrically, that is, le<i;ally. "Mun-e is no dan<,'er anu)n<,'st us of a reaction 
 from the error ot laxity in Kitual, to the error of excess in llitual, since 
 there has always l)e(!n an anxiety on the part of the majority of the 
 Clergy to observe decency and order in their ministrations, j^uided, as' 
 far as our circumstances will permit, by a riiiid adherence to the laws of 
 the Church. While this is, I feel assured, tlie wish of the (/'lerj-y, it must 
 be admitted that too often our Church Service is not presented to our 
 conjijrej^ations in its most attra(ttive aspect: many a one has bc{;n rather 
 repelled than attracted by the want of warmth and heartiness which 
 should characterize our worship. It would not bo sayinjj^ too much 
 to athrm with the; Archdeacon of Winchester, Avho, while denounc- 
 in<^ excess in Ritual, says, " We all confess that our Church services, at 
 least our worshippers, need elevation. Our conj^ref^ations are too want- 
 ing in fervour. Our psalmody is much below the age. We have not 
 reached the Avarmth of spring tide nuich less of sununer heat. In how 
 many churches even in Advent and Lent, no week day service is yet 
 found I In how many is the Holy Eucharist celebrated, only six times 
 and even less throughout the year I" It is true tliese observations are, I 
 rejoice to say, becoming less applicable to \\^, because, as I saitl, the aim 
 of the great body of the (-lergy has been to make the service rubrical, 
 hearty and attractive, and they are not liable to the temptation of plung- 
 ing into the oi)posite extreme of exceeding the law — a temptation wliicli 
 besets idl who, after a ])eriod of lax and indok-nt disregard of their 
 obligations, cou\e to their senses and strive to atone for llmir past non- 
 observance of the Rubrics, by going, wath all the zeal of converts, beyond 
 the ])lain re([uirem(nUs of the Rubrics. 
 
 It is besides worth observing that, even tlu)ugh the most objectionable 
 pra(!tices should be(!ome legali/e<l by ju<lgment f)f the Privy Council, 
 there is not a shadow of likelihood that they will become legal in any 
 sense but that of becoming permissible; and should such amount of 
 toleration lead, as some imagine, to a revision of the Book of Common 
 Prayer in the interests of any party in the (Hiurch, we hav(! the satisfac- 
 tion of knowing that such alterations will not ))e biiuling upon us, 
 unless the Church in Canada, in Provincial Synod assembled, solemnly 
 ratify the same. 
 
 On review of the whole, then, while we pray that He, who is "the 
 Author of peace and lover of concord,"' may speedily heal all breaches 
 of charity and all disunion in our Zion, let us not be troubled with evil 
 forebodings, but do our own duty in the work of Chunih order and cere- 
 monial with all hearty and loyal obediimce. We see in this contro- 
 versy nothing but the natural r(!action Irom the sinful neglect and the 
 illegal omissions oi' past days; it is the result also of the marvellously 
 improved taste in everything which api)ertains to Ecch^siastical art, 
 Avhich has extended to every religious community in some degree, and is 
 a characteristic of the age in which w'e live. We should never have been 
 troubled with the abuses, to whic^h this great reacticm has given birth, 
 had Church discii)liiie and !>overinuent kept ])ac.e with religious awakcni- 
 ing and zealous fervour ol" (lie members of the Church, 'i'liat a somt^wliat, 
 intemperate zeal shouhl accompany the great revival, was to be e\|)eeted 
 when for so many and grievous years fetters and rt^straints have been 
 imposed on the C'hurch's Convocations, and her executive ojlicers, the 
 
8 
 
 S '';::. '::;:!:":;! !::'^r;:!;':^^ <" ''r'-iv^ ♦'"■ "...st n:...ant .hMs<.s. ti... 
 
 :1-:,;:h!;;::;-;;:!17':::'-^-;;'!^'- 
 
 .l.snplino "t'tl.c (;iMnvl, sl.onl.l 1... vin.licatcMl uith finn im,mrtialitv will 
 
 COLONIAL Tusrrops" bill. 
 
 A m.)st important Hill mhs intnxlnccl in tlu- last Session of tl.o 
 IniK-na Parhanu-nt hy tl.o Colonial Scerotary .n<l tl.o Attorm'v GcnornT 
 
 Soc.ot.v tor (1 >,-o;,aj^Mt,on ol ll.o (Jos,)ol to a Con.n.itt,-., ofwl.ioh the 
 Bishops,, OMon lOlouoosto.-, Oraha.nstoun, A<lolai<l,.; ami ()ntp Ho 
 0.0 ,no,nI..,-s. AV.th some mo.litications it was approvod an.lllu Vno 
 <l ul.t wonhl have l.ooonio law, l.nt tor Iho n-sii^nation of the lute 
 M nisfy Some legis ation ovi.lonlly hooame norossary in or lor to 
 relieve ( olonialiy o.-dained Clorgyn.on from disabilities to whi,^ Ihov 
 l.eoan.o I.ahlo m oonso(,uonro of tl.o recent J.idomonts of tl.o Ju.lS 
 ronnmttoo ol tl.o l>nvy Council. IJy a., Act pa'sso.i i,. tl.o .V.lth. (UunlvUl 
 rap. (.0 , ,s caclod that - No person onlainod Deacon or Priost In- any 
 Colonial B>sh.>p, not havin.i, Episcopal Jnrisdiotion within some Dioeesi 
 an, r,.si,hnn. thoro,n,may h,>h KccU-siastical pi-oforment unywho.-o in Ili 
 Ma.ostys Dom.n.ons, or olhciat,' at anv i,la,r, or in any manner -m 
 'M.nisto,- ottho EstaMisl.,.d Chn.cl. ofEn^hnul an,l In'Ian '" Now 
 since It has l>een ,leei,lo,l that Episcopal Jnris,li,-tion was not conferred 
 
 s was intemle,l)hy the Letters Patc-nt, all tl.,.so wh,, have lleen ordainS 
 by ]i.sl.,n)s in such a pos.t.on so,-,., to bo subject t,. thos,Mlis,inalitications 
 irr*;?'" f' "itent.,moftl.o law, an,l to the very s.-rious inji^ ,? 
 bo 1. themselves and ot many other persons. The chief object of the 
 o V'vTr T- ^'^ ■^;^'M:'Vl'^y t^ appointments an.l ministerial Acts in 
 S, ^^V "'^'""'.';^^^''''"1^" "''* Inivin- Jnris,li,.ti,m in the place of 
 tl eir residence and I have yood hope that the bill may become law. 
 That some t.gislation on the whole qnestion of the status of the Colonia 
 Church will take place I have no d,)ubt, because the authorities at home 
 are beM^nning- to see what I ventured to athrm a year an<l a half a-o 
 that the whole tendency of recent docisi,)ns in England is to make'us 
 drift into the status ,>t;the Episcopal Churches of America and Se, tlan 
 n our relation to tlio United Church of En-land and I.-elan,! " In fact 
 there is a disintegrating process going on in the (M.urch of the Empire 
 Many perscms in England view this st-ite of things with cmcern, not s,j 
 much because ,)n Scriptural and Catholic grounds thev ought to work in 
 avor of Ln.ty, but because they f,.ar that the spc-otach^of indoi,endent Co- 
 lo.iial C huirlu's may ,),-ovo an in,„nv,-niont pn.o,.d,.nt an,I roa,t on the 
 Establ.sl.0,1 (hu.-ch ot England: otho.-s again anti,;ipating the time 
 when what are now (Jolonies, will ontain more members ,)f the Church 
 both Clerical and Lay, than England herself does at iiresent, are naturally 
 
 I 
 
4 
 I 
 1 
 
 9 
 
 an.vious that this great body aliould be kept compacted by Law. Accord- 
 ingly the Colonial Secretary has recently forwarded circulars to the 
 several Bishops, reciuestir, answers to certain questions relating chiefly 
 to the organization and ^..^tistics of their Diocese, and the Lord Bishop 
 ot London, whom circumstances have closely connected with the difficult 
 questions likely to arise, is asking iufurinatiou from influential 
 meml)ers oi the Colonial Church on some points to which I would direct 
 attention I do sobecause, as liis Lorilship says, " the connexion of the 
 Colonial Church with the Mother Church will probably come under the 
 serious consideration of Parliament next Session," and also because he 
 not only wishes to know my own feeling, but what I believe to be the 
 teeling both ot the Clergy and Laity in my Diocese, on the following 
 points : — ° 
 
 " First— The desirableness or otherwise of all Bishops in British Col- 
 onies receiving their Mission from the See of Canterbury, and takinir the 
 oath of Canonical obedience to the Archl)ishop. 
 
 " Second—Whether it is desirable that there* should be an appeal in 
 graver cases from thejudgments of Church courts or dccisicms of Bishops 
 or Synods in the Colonies, to any authority at home ; and if so (1) to 
 what authority ; (2) under what restrictions ? 
 
 ,. ".J'l^^'^r^V^^ I^^'J^^^ ^^y^^^ Supremacy, as acknowledged by the 
 
 CnlnS w-r''^ °^ ^"^'"^^'^ "'^^^ ^^'^^'^"d' ^*^" ^^ maintained in on- 
 Colonial Churches ? 
 
 "Fourtli— What seems the best guarantee for maintaining unity of 
 To these questions I replied as follows : 
 
 Kingston, Canada West, Nov. 3, 1866. 
 My Dear Lord : 
 
 of o!'riVf^ ^'"Tl' *" '•^'''^^«w\<^^^g« tl»« ^'eccipt of Your Lordship's letter 
 quire. ^ '"""'' "' '""'^"'S' ^^'"^ "^formation you re- 
 
 n..?;i?f^r"'r •^'''^i"^' /^ ^^'^'^ '* 'f "'"'^ undesirable that all Bishops in 
 
 S .1 <^« «"^e« f ""l*l/-^"^^ive their Mission from the See of Canterbury 
 
 or take the oath oi Canonical obedience to the Archbishop As a 
 
 necessary consequence of the confiscation of our State endowme it, and of 
 
 our being (agamst our own will) reduced to the condition of a vol taiv 
 
 Society, the Church in Canada has, by means of an enabHng act o? tli^ 
 
 Canadian Legislature been organized into an Ecclesiastical Province 
 
 mder the Bishop of Montreal as Metropolitan, and since his appointment 
 
 which does no rest on Letters Patent for its validity) three electkms to 
 
 the Episcopate have taken place, and two of the Bishops so elected 1 ave 
 
 taken the oath of Canomcal obedience to the Bishop of Montreal and 
 
 us successors; the third has not yet been consecrated. I hold it there- 
 
 r-m'^rh b1l/.rf r'''\' r"" ^'' "^''S" tlie Ecclesiastical Province of 
 i.yanaaa in that ot (Janterbury. 
 
 IL I feel that it is liighly undesirable that there should be an appeal 
 from the Metropohtical Court of Canada to any exiting court c^lS on 
 any purely spiritual or doctrinal question. At present no s ch appe^ 
 can be prosecutec un ess our Diocesan or Metropolitical Courts bv S 
 judgments aflcct the rights of property, or are held to be irrcgulaHn £ 
 
>J 
 
 V 
 
 h 
 
 10 
 
 ])rocedure, in which cases there is iin aimr-il u fi.,. ni.A\ n i. • 
 
 £J tlire,;;:^ Ji,;;i;ii^;f calls'""' ^"-' --" '- -* "'^ 
 
 fo„'l1::r''" S"''r'^;i''^'' ''j'^'''V--'- - -^ 
 
 tion, Licence or Indiulion to n Ikneficc Tl.k '^ r?,„..,i .,„ "^^^""^ 
 
 reguhitecl here, as at home, by I au By -"t CHn li-u s /,, ^ "'i'^ ;' 
 
 h\' fLo Piv.T,.,, +1,^ n I'-i-.' ■*■"'"•. ^i '"' ^'iii'Hiian btatiiie, assented to 
 
 ni .^ r , ' ^ ^^"^^'^^ Pvcrooative lias been curtailed and certain 
 
 ot tieCimM to the cont;-ary not^yilhstamlino• " und this curtail mcnf 
 
 W^r^nf r ''''''''}"' ^-^ '^'' '^'''^^'^'^' Conm;iitee,^yW ^ ha d c S 
 t ut liei .lajesty cannot assign a terntoj-ial jurisdiction to a Bislio ) n a 
 Colony possessnio. a Leoi'^lalurc of its oAvn and th^i ttln-, IT^.} ^ ^ 
 k;c^;;T '.etween the Church i„ such a Colo^/illJd"^;^ i?h^.K 
 
 vJ,^^fli^^''V ^i^^'^^^'^i^}- ^H,t) to annul the limitations 
 
 ^^^^zdt:;:^X:^i: ^^^^y^ ^-i— t, i ^^ that 
 i>iS:^:s;^J:^^£;^:StS;.jtrl;^^^^^ 
 
 Anglican Couno.i conyencd au<i prc^slck" ! . v "iV n " Kl S ^J 
 ^e^'^7i "' T^-""^' '^ ^^^''^'^^'. '''^^'^ •''•iutcr.-onin^udon n^ ^ t X 
 
 such a uuion I ;>^;-^^;e inli.ua. ^^^^^ .,,. any W^IScS: 
 
 ^ourLordslnp's faithful Brother in Christ. 
 Rt. Hon. and lit. Key. the Lo.J f^ishop of London, ''' '*' *'^^^^^^^- 
 
 ANGLICAN COUNCIL, 
 
 In my address dclivcvcd to you, n.y Brethren, in June, 1HG4 I exnressed 
 
 hoTeS,^' ^^^-^\^^!-^}f --SU soon be' invited to assemble'^unde? 
 the piesidency of the Aichbishop of Canterbury, to devise means be^t 
 fitted for re-assurmg the mind^^ of multitudes which were unSttled a?d 
 
 r;pT'y r^unc I'T' ""' '\'"- "'' "' -'-^— ^' <>^ -cenrdecSis of 
 uie fn y (.ouncd. So strongly iinpresscd was I witii the necessi^v of xnr4, 
 
 a measure, that I felt my duty would be unporfc,rnied ^ I dk :Uln"ke 
 
 the attempt to stir np tlie minds of those in authority to the 1^^^^? 
 
 of giving this most solemn and momentous questionVdLn ate conS:^ 
 
 W T ^^^^^?V;^^^^'/^ ^!^' ""'f^'^'S *^^ our Provincial Synod held fn Sep ' 
 1865, I moved the adoption of an r.ddress to th. Aichbishop of CaxTv- 
 
"It 
 
 i 
 
 11 
 
 .„y, .. hu.% ^^^^^i^^ ror:sS: wht'^o'dfat; 
 
 ^nL^er Cm tho Archbishop o( «M>teibury expressed m as eneourag- 
 f=\':°|u,abep..b£ant^^^^^^^ 
 
 rial mi this subicct to the Convocations ot Canteibary ana loric, lu cuu 
 
 ™;°ei*»ch, in «- f tr,sr ;; rSvoeSn ^o-r ci^° 
 
 terbury, 'that H'^G-^JV" "'^'j'^";"';"^^ 1,„, report upon the address 
 
 I't'tffSSn raXf te UniS Cl,nrel. o£ Snglan^l and Ireland/' 
 °4i;],S;"^\'\tMs request ^^^^ 
 
 tXrtVatSfofftr^^tea Cbnreh of England and Ireland, and 
 
 in tl c wa. ot a' embling snch a Conncil (wh ieh they see no suffleient 
 ™,,se to ann ■el.e, d) yom° Comnuttee are of ..pinion that no tame should 
 rb,trS.veni g a Representati.... of the Ohnrchesui lands subject to 
 the BritWrCiw for the consideration of the special chffionlfes afEeetmg 
 h s?«er<n.'son,eof '';-'; »'*,<, •''-^'c'r' "" '"'" 
 -^ie'S^,::?grtr?i -;!r;;:S';:^',^"f vantages to l. derived 
 
 JnioJtofe^fer togeffier "l-"V-«7'« °-™^ :t'e dSSTtio 
 these days to imperil the acceptance of 'Tlic f.uth once cleuvoiea to me 
 
 *T'" To provide a broad basis upon which to found attempts to bring 
 
 -r^^^=z::^X^ ^ght 
 
 nflvisnhh^ hv each Church lor itsdf. i-r • i-u 
 
 5 - The li n^r counsel together as to the best means of sanctifying the 
 Commerce En i-n-ation and Cokmi-/.-.tion of the Enghsh-speakmg popula- 
 tiorJhmnghont the world, for the promotion among them of a Christian 
 civilization. .^^ ^^^^^^^ ^^^^ Missionary action of the several 
 
 Cllllrcl^s ome Anglican Comnuudon may ^^;^^V^P^,^^ ^ ^ ^^ 
 Avird in brotherlv co-operation, harmony and fallows up. , . , . 
 
 Such tSs as these would /it all times form an absorbing subject for 
 the pmyeSc'msideration of the Church of Christ, because they may be 
 
12 
 
 Huninied up us (1) guards against Heterodoxy, (2) Intercommunion of the 
 Churches, (3) right Ecclesiastical discipline, and (4) the extension of Mis- 
 sionary work ; but there is something so peculiarly embarrassing in the 
 present aspect of many of the Colonial Churches, that the exigency of i 'le 
 times absolutely demands, that since the ties which once ^ lound the 
 Churches abroad to the Church at home, have been cut ; since no legal 
 identity any longer exists between us and the United Church of England 
 and Ireland ; since the power of appeal is gone, Ave must fall back upon 
 those original principles which, when worked out in faith, are equal to any 
 emergency, and depend upon that spiritual basis of Communion which 
 will be stronger than Letters Patent, which is, and I pray may ever be, 
 dearer to us than the mere accident of legal recognition, and which can 
 only be brought to a successful issue by the meeting in Council of all the 
 scattered Branches of our Communion after the example of the Holy 
 Apostles and the Universal Church. And here I would draw your atten- 
 tion to a passage in the Report of the Committee of Convocation which 
 illustrates in a remarkable manner how the timidity felt in so many quar- 
 ters in England regarding the admission of the Lay clement into Church 
 assemblies is being somewhat modified. The Committee of course had to 
 deal with the difficulty of the admission of a representation in an Angli- 
 can Council, in which the Lay element shall find a place, because the Eng- 
 lish Church at home can send no such representatives from her Synods. 
 The Committee are not deterred by the gravity of the difficulty from re- 
 commending "that the true way of dealing with it is to take the Estab- 
 lished and Non-Established (^hurclies as they arc found to be ; to exercise 
 upon all hands a generous confidence, and to throw no difficvilties in the 
 way of assembling a Council in the form it would naturally take of a re- 
 presentation from each (!hnrch in the form in which it may seem good to 
 each Church to send it. " This language is both significant aud generous, 
 and it is only by the whole Church in all quarters of the world becoming 
 animated by the same spirit, that Ave can maintain that intimate connec- 
 tion Avith the Parent Church (AA'hich it Avas intended to perpetuate by 
 other means) and I)y the spiritual acts Avhich are inherent in our Office 
 draw as closely as possible the bonds Avhich Aviil forever unite us to the 
 Church of our Fathers. 
 
 It may strike some of you, my TBrethrcn, that I am needlessly emphatic 
 in the expression of our desire to continue in the most intimate union 
 possible Avith the United Church of England and Ireland, and that I am 
 only asserting a truism Avhich no Canadian Churchman doubts; but I re- 
 gTet to say that there is a necessity for plain utterance of the facts of our 
 case, because in some influential quarters in England our attachment to 
 the Cliurch at home is suspected. There is a floating, vague impression that 
 the severance of the ties Avliich linked us together was, if not of our own 
 doing, yet at least tacitly api>roved by us. And yet what is the foundation 
 for this suspicion, this unkind taunt at a Church which has found the State 
 a poor shield in tlie day of trouble, and yet is loyal as ever in the desire 
 to continue one with the Chnrch at home V Were avo parties to the secu- 
 liirization of our ju'operty Avliich was assented to by the CroAvn? Was it 
 with our consent that the union of Church and State was dissolved? His 
 not every link between the Church here and at home been snapped in the 
 Judicial Ctmmiittee of Her Majesty's Privy Council? Whence then this 
 cruel suspicion of the sincerity of our desire to be one Avioh the Church at 
 home ? We have incurred censure because when our property was taken 
 
13 
 
 away, when every vestige of an establishment was obliterated, when our 
 le-al identity with the Church of England has been deliberate y denied in 
 the Court of final Appeal, we are found to l^e a self-governing body, elect- 
 in-our own Officers and framing our own code of discipline any rights ot 
 the Crown to the contrary notwithstanding. " We hold that the connec- 
 tion of the Church with the State is an accident of her existence, and 
 when the accident is not found, that the State fares Avorse than the Church. 
 Having ceased to possess any advantages whatever from the Civil Fower 
 we were not likely to endure any restrictions on our progress from that 
 source But then every act of the Canadian Church done m self-defence 
 is perfectly compatible with the ardent wish that she may not be inde- 
 pendent in the sense of being uncontrolled by the wisdom, moderation, 
 Laming and Standards of the Church of England. We know and reahze 
 the danger of the unestablished Colonial Churches diverging m process 
 of time from the principles of the Parent Church and therefore we seek 
 to establish by voluntary compact what has been denied us by Law. And 
 shall it be said that what has been effected l)y Wesleyans and llomamsts 
 who beiiicv free from any restrictions of law, arc yet intimately connected 
 with the Parent bodies from which they spring, cannot be achieved by 
 the Church to which we belong? We seek then, as though living m pure 
 and primitive times, to fallback on primitive principles, and on a volun- 
 tary and spiritual basis, erected by an Anglican t^o^^^c^l' .^^^.^ 'J'J''^ 
 CommunioA and fellowship all the scattered Churches which hold a com- 
 mon faith. It may be that the trials and necessities of the Co oniai 
 Churches have been pei-mitted for the solving of great problems abroad 
 which could not have been tested at home without disaster, and I am sure 
 that Endish colonists will rejoice even in affliction if it result in bring- 
 ing the whole Anglican Church together to bear its testimony against 
 the false claims of R(mie and the baseless presumption of infidehty It 
 this be the issue of the faiimus judgment of the Judicial Committee of 
 Her Maiestv's Privy Comicil, we shall hail it with satisfaction as the 
 "Magna Charta" of the Hberties of the Colonial Churches. 
 
 -Rnt whatever may be the end of this movement, (and if it be of God it 
 cannot be overthrovvn), we should feel devoutly thankful that the subject 
 has received such candid consideration from the Committee appomted by 
 Convocation, who conclude their report by expressing their beliet that 
 no movement has been made, or can be made, more essential to the >vell- 
 being of the churches of the Anglican Communion, and therein to the 
 extefJon of the Primitive Faith and Apostolical Order throughout the 
 worirthan that which has arisen out of the address of the Church m 
 
 ^ And^il concluding my remarks on these subjects, which have a deep in- 
 teitst for us all, "I pray that your love may abound yet more and more 
 n cnowLdge aAd in'al/judgment ; that ye may approve ^rngs th^.^^^^^^ 
 excellent- that ye may be sincere and without offence till the day ot 
 aS being filled with the fruits of righteousness which ar. by Jesus 
 Christ' unto the glory and praise of God. Amen.