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Maps, plates, charts, etc., may be filmed at different reduction ratios. Those too large to be entirely included in one exposure are filmed beginning in the upper left hand corner, left to right and top to bottom, as many frames as required. The following diagrams illustrate the method: Les cartes, planches, tableaux, etc., peuvent Stre film^s d des taux de reduction diff^rents. Lorsque Iq document est trop grand pour dtre reproduit en un seul cliche, il est filmi d partir de Tangle sup^rieur gauche, de gauche d droite, et de haut en bas, en prenant le nombre d'images n^cessaire. Les diagrammes suivants illustrent la mdthode. 1 2 3 1 2 3 4 5 6 y -J -3 3 O o o t ^ 117/ M Toronto ^nd ADJACENT Summer f^esorts o o IbbUSTRATED SOUVENIR A X II : : GUIDE BOOK, : : 1(7/7/ ,l/.(/'.S ASh TAHLESOF HAUAVAV AM) HTEAMIiOAT FAREB. lltiTEI. HATES. METEnnoLoaiCAL DATA. ETC O KIllTKD 1!Y Jv FlHlil'.KKT ADA.MS, M.D., CAI., D.D.S. Miiiih, r of Ihr Volli'iv «J' /•/ii/siridiis anil Sin;/i()iis; Tin Oiittirin Mnliral Assoi-idfiiiii ; C'liiiiiliiiii Inxtitiili ; Corrcsitoii/iii;/ S(rr54i T(o8(b toa J: Entered, iicconliiiK to Ihu Act of I'iirliciinunt of Caiiad i, in tho year of our Lord one ihoiisiind eiMTlit liundred and ninety-four, by Kukdickkk .S.mii.v. in I he Ortice of the Minister of Agriculture, at Ottawa. ;/^ / u lt854'2 b P REFACE ;■ m POU some years past n,v attention has been divected to the subiect J of Unnatology and the a.hantages and disadvantages of the resorts. A thorough study of the subject, and a lengthened residence at the seas.de :n the mountains and in the bahny south, has long since convuK-ed me that Toronto has many clin.atic and other advant ages as a place of residence. As a place of sunuuer abode for our cousins across the border there ,s no better locality than Toronto and vicinity. The n.ajority of the best patronized winter re"sorts of the south do not possess as n.any advantages as health and pleasure resorts for northerners in wintez- as Toronto possesses for southerners in sununer. If this book will serve to awaken to some extent the citizens of Toronto to the advantages of their city in this respect, and to attract a share of he tourist travel that year by ye-ar goes past our doors, the object of the writer will be accomplished. E. HERBKRT ADAMS. M.D. Toronto, June, ISH4. PUBLISHED UNDER THE AUSPICES () 1' T U E Citiscns' Coniinittcc of Toronto ©■ — ^ : : : CO|VIMITTEE : : : J. ENOCH THOMPSON, Chaivnutii. \\. 1. .MACKKX/.IK. Ht»i. Trrd.iiircr. .(AS. H. I{OAF, A. h\ WKHSTEU, JAS. E. HIOHES. PETEI! :\I( IN'I'VIJK, Sccrcliiri/. ^<' Vnrk .V/rrc/, \. WEATHEUSTOX, Dlt. K. HEliHEliT ADAMS, M. I'. ItlClvSOX. SA.All EL XOUDHEIMEH, Consul for tin German Einj)ire. XL oronto AND ADJACENT Summer IRcsorts TORONTO THE BEAUTIFUL •• I •''••■''""i'y rail to the nortli-west are Duti'erin Lake, the trout streams of the Forks of the Credit, the heantiful livine and Grand Rivers, and tile Islet rock of the Falls of Flora. In fact there are few places where the summer can 1)0 more protitahly and pleasurahly spent by southerners th.iii in Toronto and its vicinity, and of all trips the visitor should ni>t miss the sail across the fjake to Niagara l>v the famous Niai-ara Kiver Line. 'eos, it i.s not ii hot city at any tiino; wliilo tbo I'nads hoini^ clean anil well pavi^il and .sjjrinklod liy civic waterinsj; carts tliero arc no Ljreat clouds of dust a.s in many resorts. There are no cyclones, hurricanes, or very h'v^h winds. Wild HowtM's in endless variety hid. mi in ilie jiarks .md nei;.hl)(>rin'4 woods and ravines from May to Oetolier. Almost every plant that recmires a hot sunniier can thrive in ( tntario. The proximity of .siieh a liM-Lje liody of fresh water as that of Lake Ontario, luidouhtedly assists lar<<.IMI t)^..^o 7(i.0S (i.S.(K5 81! 7;».(KI (>7.lo *<2.0.i t>:<.oo 82 "2.0(1 7!t..")0 81.07 75,07 83., 7 77.(10 tiil..')0 79.08 74.08 81 Is' 72.1 K) 89.o() 7li.m 84.«MI 71.(XI SO.iiO 7n.oo 7(5.5 This table .shows the relative dryness (or humidity) of Toronto com- pared with several leadiii'.,' health and pleasure resorts. MEAN SIMM K.U TKMI'KllATrilK. Places. Temp. Places. Temp. Toronto I (W.25 San h'nuicisco Sncraiiieiilii Moiiterii\ .Saiita I'arliiira Sai: IMt'no Fort Yiiiiui 60.00 (Sg.dO .51).(H» 09.58 71.110 90.00 HumbohU Hiiy ; 5V..50 Denver 07.1(1 New Orleans : 81.00 New York 71.33 CliicaRo ' 07.23 .laeksonvillc, Kla j 81.("" '•oliuiiliia. .s.c; 1 80.00 14 Tdrimto and Ailjunntl Siinnin'r rii'fints. Tt will lio a snr|)i'iso to sniiu! to know that tho averago smiiiiioi' teiii- puraturo of San Francisco and other places in California i.s less than that of Toronto. This is duo to tho greater diurnal range of teni[)era- ture in the California rosort.s, tho oxtronios of daily temperature averag- ing for tho sunnnor months botwuon .'Ul'-' and 40". ThoMi jilacos are in icality much hotter than Toronto during tho day, Imt muMi cooler at night. The average temperature of Tcn-onto for fho jiast ton yeai'.s for the day from (> a.m. to f''l jHiiyx.) .ll/iintic Citl . A../. J) iiircr, ( (il. Mean. Ma.r. Min. Mean. Max, Min. .50.4 Mean. Ma.r. Min. Miiy . O-'.CT 10.!),") ")(>.(•) (!2.S 50.2 ()7.7 44.0 .huic ()2.().-) 7l.,-)7 .■.I.2ti iili.O 72.!).() 75.1 62.8 04.2 77.0 .50.8 (((■tohi'r . tti.'J.-) ,-)().(l8 .■)!I.(I8 51.(i 01.1 48.1 52.2 66.9 37.6 From these tables it will be .seen that Toronto is not (|uito so Imt as Atlantic City, N.J., and that the moan daily temperature is very near that of Denver, save that thoro is a greater daily variation in the latter city. PUBLIC HEALTH. Owing to the evenness and salul>rity of its climate, togothor witii tlie ottieiency (»f the civic sanitary system , Toronto is a remarkably healthy city. It is adnurably situated from a sanitary standpoint, the land sloping gently downward to the lake, thus .iHording a natural downfall for tho sowago. .Almost .'dl the houses and iiusinoss est.'iblish- ments are directly connected with the sowers, of which there are about 220 miles in the city. The sowers are periodically and thomughly flushed and many have automatic tlusliiug tanks. (!reat attention is paid to (piarantiue and tho isolation of any stray cases of in*"octio\is diso.isos. It is a I'omarkably clean city, its si nets, avoiuios and lanes lieing carefully and scrupulously altoiuled to by the street commissioner and his numerous assistants. It has a continental reputation as a city of cluirchos and as a godly city, and certainly the old adage that cleanliness is no.\t to godliness is wt'll o.Nemplitiod hero. The general health of tho Fnldii- Hmlth. 15 city is g(j(»d iind the death rate coiiquu'cs favonihl}- witiilho iieahhiest nf the hir<(e cities of the world. The water siij»i)ly is obtained from Lake Ontario l>y pumping at a distance of 2,71iS feet soutii of the most southerly point of Toronto Island at a depth of eighty feet, and is carried hy means of large steel conduits across the I;iland and under Toronto Hay to the city water front, a distance of ahout two miles. Here iunnense pumi)ing engines are stationed and the water forced through steel pipes throughout the city, a portion being pumped also into a large reservoir in the northeastern part of the city, for special distribution to the northern and higher portion of the city. An immense amount of money and lnl)or are constantly being spent in perfecting Toronto's water supply, and the entire water works system is under the innuediate charge of an exceptionally competent civil engineer. Theri' SCKNl-; ON lOKONro IIAV. is alwa3's sulHcient water pressure obtainable for protection from liic even of the highest l)uiltling8. There are about 2.'!0 miles of water mains. Toronto's Fire IJrigade is a very elhcient organization. 'I'lierr an over three hundred signal ixixos in the city and a perfect system of electric tiro alarm, together with a numbi'r of conveniently situalel I-'irc Ilall Stations, with a cotupleti' hook, ladder and hose e(pii]iment, w hile iiyili'ants coiuiecteil with the civic watei' sujiply are freely distributed throughout all the streets. The standard of medical education being nnuh higher than in the I'liited States, and Toronto having three good medical colleges witii an average annual attendance of over 500 medical students who are required to take a five years' compulsory course, it is needh'ss to say that the best of medical skill and attemlance are readily avjiilalilc and that much skillod attention is given to the city's sanitary interests. k; Tmiintii null A<}] the west of the main building and the Mercer Eye and Ear Depart.'iient in its eastern wing are imjiortant adjuncts to the useful- ness of the (Jeneral Hospital. The \'ictoria Hospital for sick children, situatetl on the south side of College street, has few, if any, superiors. It is an architectural ornament and is e.xceptionally well e<|uipped in the most ap]iroved n)od- ern manner and is well worthj' of a visit. The Lakeside Home for little children is the summer home for the inmates of the sick children's hospital. It is situated on the soutiiwest- Hospitids (ind Clmiituhle Inst ihit ions. erly point of Toronto Island and is a iuueen Street West and surrounded by Hfty acres of lawn, 18 Torniito (did Adjiiiriit Smuiiu'r lieaorts. garden, ortliard, and shrubbery. At Miniico there is also anuthev asylum f(ir the insane. Among the numerous homes and charitable institutions may be mentioned The House of Industry, lioys' Home, Girls' Home, Indus- trial Refuge and Aged NN'omens Home, Protestant ( >riihans' Home, Infants' Home and Infirmary, Ne\vsl)oys' Lodging and Industrial Home, House of Pntvideuce, Old F(jlks' Home, The Creche, Industrial School Association, CJirls' Industrial Institute, Nursing at Home Mission, The Haven and Prison (Jate Mission and Magdalene Asylum. DON V.M.i:, KOSKDAI.K. PRISONS AND POLICE. The criminal classes have here a smaller ratio to the population than in any other city of a corresponding size on the .\merican conti- nent. There are, however, a siitlicient number of offenders against the laws, and amjjle accounuodation has l)een provided for their punisliment and reformation. Tlie Toronto (iaol on (Jerrard, east of the Don River, the Central Prison, the Mercer Reformatory and the Industrial Refuge for (Jiils are the principal institutions for this pur|>ose. Resides I'lililir Iiistiful ioiiti, Slifi't'' iinil Jhiri's. lit tlu'so thoi'i' iire numerous imlico stiitions scattered tlimugliout the city tuul an excelliiit jjjitrol serviee. The Tonnito jinlice force have a cnu- tiuental reputatinn for appearance ami etticiency. They have lieen urbanized on a nulitary basis, with regular drill and instructions in the use nf tire-arms. Physicallj' they are tyi)ical specimens <>f stalwart and hardy nianlmud. STREETS AND DRIVES. All the streets and avenues are broad and most nf them well paved and all remarkably clean. The principal kinds of pavements are SKCO.M) ItlilDl. KOSKIlAl, as phalt, ceilai ilock and vitritieil macadamizeil. :\i. The rest of the streets are Tl le area witliin thocitv limits is .ilioiit Id.it'.tl acres. in tliis area there is a i)o|pul;itioii of about L'nd.lKM). There are about 2.")U uiilcs of streets of which over one half are pavi>d. There are S.'J uiiles of lanes am I 4M() miles of sidewalks. Tiiere are ~H! uiiles of ste ■am ra Iway t raci d r,H}. miles of street raihvav tracl Of overhead electric wires there ue 4,HO0 miles, to'^'ether will I an additional ."!<• miles o f underjiround eh'ctri north f C CI (11 diiit. The city is situated on a |ilateau ijently ascending or a ( listi nice o f three miles where an altitude of l'l'O feet above L'O J'liinittd mid Adjiiiint Sniiiini'i' /t'csoz/.s. the liiko in roiicheil. Tt uxteiulu ulxmf oiglit uiileH aloii}^ the bike uiul is yeiiL'iJilly level iit its lower |)c)rti()ii siive where iniiKtr water-coiirsi-s fi)rinorly existed. The river Don tlows through the eastern part of the city, and the Huniher oiitlies its western limit. The streets and avenues are regularly laid out iii the rectangular form. The street nomenelature ill the older portion of the city, as King, iieen, Duke Streets, etc, is suggestive of the loyalty of the early settlers to the Jiritish ciown ; while others of the streets commeinorate the iiainea of energetic and representa- tive citizens who were in the past instruiiieiital in moulding the future of the city. A "CITY OF HOMES." p]xcept on the main business thoroughfares most of the streets have' boulevards of well kept lawns and shade trees. Many of the residential I'HIVAII'; HKSll)KNli:8. districts present on each side of the avenue a regular forest line of chest- nuts, elms and maples. The residential jiortion of the city is to the stranger one of the most iileasing features of the town, for Toronto is a veritable " City of Homes," and its citizens vie with one another in the artistic appearance and conveniences of their home life. There are no flats as in New York and some other cities, and almost every head of a family, no matter lio\\ poor, has a house to himself which he rents or owns. Perhaps nowhere else will be found more uni(|ue and artistic architectural designs for private residences than along some of the fashionable residential thoroughfares of Toronto. Delightful glimpses of hiwn, rtowers and shrubbery are exceedingly coninion around the homes of the better classes, and even the poorer people often boast their little strip of lawn or modest flower garden. Among the more fashionable residential .streets may lie mentioned Jarvis, .St. (ieorge, Sherbourne and Bii/iini'.sx Stii'f'ta, y'luA'.s, J'^ti Bloor Streets. Tliere jvre im slums in Toi'duto. Tlie oiicu oelel)rate(l N<>l)le Ward, as old St. John's Ward was commonly called, has been largely renovated, and though still a comparatively poor and thickly settled part of the town, it is no hmger the haunt of vice and s(|ualiil wretchedness. BUSINESS STREETS. King Street is one of the most fashionahle ami prospero\is business streets, and on every tine afternoon, and especially (»n Saturday after- no(jns, the south side is a favorite promenade for fashionai^le youth and KiMi sri{i-.i;r i:.\st. beauty. Lovely costumes, pretty faces and manly forms are the order of the day. The healthful climate and the home life of the (^Hieen City, together with the athletic spirit which pervades the citizens, all coml)ine to produce a race of stalwart men and healthy and l)eautiful women such as, owing to the almo.st universal and constant hustle after the almighty dollar, are becoming entirely too uuconunon on American soil. The public l)uildings, st(jres and offices of Toronto have an air of solidity suggestive of prosperity and business enterprise. King Street, Vonge Street, Queen Street and Spadina Avenue, are the leading retail l)usiness thoroughfares. The business done on these streets is very 22 Ti»o)iti> (ind A(ljuce)it Summer Jiesmtn. liiryu, (IS tlio iimnense thrniig.s wliich usimlly till the streets testify. INLiiiy f)f the stores are Itirge aiul CDimnoilirtus, (iml in some of them, whifli ure coiuliictod on similfir linos to the lion Marclie, of Paris, anil XN'ainiamaker's, of IMiiladeliiliia, yueen's Park amongst its stately oaks and beeches, and we cannot refrain from taking advantfige of the rest and shade which are to be found on the comfortal)le benches conveniently scattered throughout the park. Around us child- ren are romping and playing ; nurse girls are flirting w ilh the young men Jill III III ioiiiil J iinl ilnliiiiin. who pass, and here ami there are little knots of im-ii \vlii> are eagerly (liKcnsHing some yreat nigral, religious or jnilitical |irohloni, the solution of which each individual seems anxious to divulge to the little world around him. Opposite the north-western angle of tiie Parliament liuihlingH is the huge lironzo statue of the Hon. (Jeorge Brown, journal- ist, patriot and politician, who.se name and whose influence will long live (on Canadian s<*il). Near l)y, and surrounded by a fence of artificial muskets, swords and cannon halls, is the artistic monument which commemorates the gallant menibers of the Queen's Own HiHes who fell in defence of their country in the Fenian raid of 18(i(i. EDUCATIONAL INSTITUTIONS. Clustered arovnid (^)ueen'H Park, and in sight of the Provincial Parliament, are a numlier of handsome and well eipiipped educational OSOOODK HALL. buildings which justify Toronto's claim of being one of the great educa- tional centres of the continent. Nowhere in America, within such a small radius, is to be found such a handsome coterie of educational buildings, and yet these are but a part of the great educational institu- tions of the city. University College is, oi course, the central figure, both as to location, importance and beauty of architecture. Fronted by a spacious lawn, and surrounded by beautiful ravines and trees and shrubbery this massive and handsome grey stone building of N'>rman architecture, looks like some immense baronial castle of by -gone days. The University, too, has a history, and from its halls of learning have emerged some of the foremost men in Canadian business and politi- Tiiiiintii (ijkI A:ljiifi'nt Sniiinii'i' Jli'saits. ciil circles. The emi'jwuient of the ruiveisity of Toronto is .^1,042,0U<), find tiio Viihie of ])roperty owned is sl,.S()(>,()OU. It has fin tuiniifil iiicnme of SH5,U()(), find hfis ahoiit 800 students. To tlie south of tlie I'niversity College is the new librtiry Iniilding, the Cnllfge V.M.C.A., the Biological hiiilding, which has no su[)erior of its kind on the continent, find the iSchool of Science, fin iunnense red brick Ijiiiiding which contrtists strangely with the surrnunding structures of grey stone. luiuiedifitely south of the School of Science is old WycliU'e College, which is .sh(jrtly to be turned into ti liospitfil, tuul to the west of this ti i ■roKOXI'O INIVKHSiTV AND MAIN IlKANlllKS. siuall and peculiftrly shajied I'uiidiug wiiich is the jNIeteorologietil Obser- vfitnry of the Dominion .f Cfintidti. Uehind I 'niversit_\ ege is the new WycliU'e College, find north of this, find sepai'fited from liy forest trees find the erstwhile hiwu of the Toronto Cricket Chib, is McMastei' Hfill, of red l)rick with brown st(]ne fficings, mid fronting on lUoor Street West. This is the nifiiii sefit of ecclesiasticfil lefirning of tlie Haptists. N^'tir the Norlhern entrance i-f <^Mieen"s Park is \'ictorifi College, a htiiidsoii.e brown stone building uhicli, umU'V the |)opular 'ianie of "(>l(l \'ic,"' is tlu' pride of Methodism tlnoughout tile riovince. To the east of this is St. .Michael's ColK'ge, •uid neir i)y the Wellesley School, one of the hirgest ;ind most etlicient pu' '"'j schools of fi city justly noted for the e.\cellence if its pulilic school ■■^ 28 Tiinmtti (iml Adjacent l^miDiifr liesiirtti. system. All tlieso iinportunt ediicatioiiiil l>uildiiiys ;iru within a small radius, and can be visited with little trouble. Ainonj.; the other large and iiuportant educational institutions is Trinity I'niversity, Queen Street West, which is conducted under Angli- can auspices, and is an important seat of learning. It is a handsome Ituilding with extensive grounds. There are about 400 students in attendance. Knox College, under Presbyterian auspices, occupies a jirominent position in the centre of Spadina Avenue, just above College Street. It has an annual attendance of about l.'Jo students. The new Tpper Canada College at the head of Avenue Itoad, near the northern limit of the city, is a niagniticent testimonial of the esteem and influence of its old graduates, for a few years ago the (ii>vernment had about m I I'TKI! CANADA ( ■Ol.l.l'.li K. decided to al)olish the old I'pper Canada College, considering it ai\ unnecessary adjunct to the present educational system; but the "old boys" who are now some of the most influential men of the country rallied arouml their Alma Mater, and the present new and beautiful Imilding is the result. It is largely patronized by the children of the wealthier classes, and has stiulents from all parts of .\merica and other countries. There are oxer fifty puldic .schools in Toronto not including a large numl)er of separate schools. There are also three collegiate institutes and a large number of kindergarten schools. The public school system of 'I'oronto has admittedly no su|)erior anj'where. Kiducation is com|)ulsory for all, and as text books are free the poorest children can attend. The schools are so excellent, however, that the wealthiest classes find them the liest place to send their children for an 30 Toronto 'ti' Ciilli'ijfs. ^A'ith the increasing wealth of the country there is a growing demand for scIkjoLs of a private character providing facilities for the higher education of yi. :n quarters in tlie Normal Scliord ami all students lioldinL; university degrees or having ])assed the senior leaving examinations are re(|uired to undergo a course f)f pi'actical training here l)efore being legally (|ualifie(l to teaeh. Opposite tlie iModel Seiiool and on the nortli side of (ierrard Street is the School of Pliarmacy, a well e(|uipped school furnishing a thor<)Ugh course of study. Of medical colleges there are tiiree ; the I'niversity Medical College, Trinity Medical College and the Women's IMedical College. They are all well conducted and scientitically e(|uipped. Tiie standard for Matriculation and other examinations in these colleges is uaicii higher than in the medical colleges of the United States where too frequently a two or thi'ee years' course of study is all that is recpiired. NOKMAL SCllOOl.. Here a five years' course is compulsory. The College of I'iiysicians and Surgeijus of Ontario is the licensing liody, and even siiouM tiie competin" colleges be desirous of increasing their numhef of graduates regardless of etlic'iency, tlie rigiil examination of this Medical Council would prevent such from obtaining a license until they iiad shown sutHcient knowledge and had attended the prescribed course of lectures. There are over five hundred medical students in the city, and tiiese together with about five thousand students attending the various other schools and colk'^'s foi'm quite a feature in this busy nu'trojiolis. Uesides these students there are a large numl)er of pupils attending the juiblic schools. The School of Dentistry of the Koyal College of Dental Surgeons of Ontario is situated in Toronto and it maintains a very high standard of examination, and has a very thorough course of study. Besides these .•52 Tiiidiilo (ind Adjacent Swinwer Resorts. there are several schools of elocution and oratory. The Veterinary Medical College here is largely patronized by students from all over the Dominion and from almost every state in the I'nion. Of Inisiness colleges there are several of excellent standing; among them being Spence's Business and Sliorthand Academy on King Street, the British American Business College, Toronto Business College, and Central Busi- ness College. Tliere are also many private boarding schools, dancing schools, riding schools, boxing and fencing schools. In the Young Women's Christian Association there is also a first-class cooking school. MUSICAL EDUCATION. Toronto is admittedly the great nuisical Centre of the Dominion, many of the leading events of the season being held here. Notal)ly amongst these may be mentioned the Massey Musical Festival to inaugurate the opening of the Massey Music Hall, the erection of which is due to the muniHcent gift of its founder, Mr. H. A. Massey, of ,$1(I(),00() for this jturpose, and students from far and near ainiually attend the two splen- didly equipped Musical Institutions, viz. : the Toronto College of Music and the Toronto Conservatory of Music, besides manj' lesser musical schools and colleges. A very noteworthy feature of Toronto's uuisical education is the formation some years ago of the Toronto Orciiestral School whei'e players of all grades are admitted free, and which has already ac(iuitted itself well on tiie concert platform in orchestral woi'k and bids fair to be the recruiting body for the professional orchestras of tlie city, for which Toronto is already well known. COMMERCE AND FINANCE. The large warehouses and wholesale liouses are situated i)rincipally between King Street and tlie Esplanade, and are massive stone monu- ments of Toronto's commerce and enterprise. The ^oard of Trade building at the corner of King and Front Streets, on the site of the old American Hotel, is a handsome structure recently built at a cost of about .MO0,O0(t. The Canadian Bank of Conunerce, in the modernized Italian Renaissance style of arcliitecture, is a handsome building. The Toronto branch of the Bank of Montreal both without and within is very artistic. The Imperial Bank \s a large and commodious building, as are also the Standard Bank, Molsons' Bank, the Traders' Bank and the Dominion Bank, together with the Bank of Toronto and many other monetary and loan institutions. The banking system of Canada is established on a very sound and rebable basis, and panics are unknown. Tiie city of Toronto is one of the cliief banking centres of Canada. A glance at the following table will show the nuignitude and importance of its banking li;ai)i\(j i'ixax( iai, ixsTn'UTioN.s. M Toronto and Adjacent Summer ResoHs. interests and the financial status of the various banks on August 31st 1893: Bank. Date of Orfianiza- Hon, H:iiik of Montreal Quebec Bank Bank of Britisli North America Molson's Bank Ban!, of Toronto Ontario Bank Union Bank of Canada Canadian Bank of Commerce Merchants' Bank of Canada Dominion Bank Bank of Hamilton Imperial Bank of Canada . Standard Bank of Canada Traders' Bank of Canada Capital Sirrplus. ?18.000,000 3,.550,000 churches embracing all denominations and creeds, and not including missinii houses, and there is seating capacity for over 1(M),oth at morning and evening services. Many of the l)uildings are very haudsome, pretentious and costly. The Sunday schools, too, are com- modious and attractive and well attended. A finncli pniiiih' of the military organizations of the city is an occasional social Sunday event. The various volunteer regiments, some- times over two thousand strong, march in a body to divine service. These regiments possess some of the choicest of the city youth, young fellows of good physicpie and pleasing appearance and haudsome uniforms. The spectacle of a church parade is a very attractive one, possessing all the color and pomp associated with warlike pageants, and on some occasions over 5(),0(>0 [jcople have turned out to witness the parade. The Metho- dist, tiie Anglican, the Presbyterian, the Roman Cathvt'iiiciitH. Tlioir l)arii.s arc ciiiiiiiindioiis. tlicir funii iiiipIi'iiK'iils nindcni, and tlu'ir NIAOAUA CAMI' VIKW. cattle and horses well cared for. There are no very poor or nnkoni|»t among them, .such ;is may ho seen among the l()wer chisses of whites or "white trash" of some of the soutliern states, as for instance the (leoryia "cracker." COMl'ANV OK 4oTn IIIUIILANUF.KS. BICYCLING, RIDING AND DRIVING. One of the many popular bicycling trips around Toronto is to the east across the Don River bridge to the Woodbine and thence along 1 1 H i I ^""v 40 Toiiiiito liiiil A'ljitient Snmiuer lit'.sints. Kingston Road iw fai- as you nia}' tk'sire, even to Kingston or t < tiit- '.'ontinus of Monirt-al itsulf, foi' tlie road is a good ono througliout its entire extent. For road races and centiiry trips this road is vei'y jiopular among the members of the numerous bicycle cluljs of the city ; and when the fact is consideied that there are from three to five thousand cyclists in the city it can readily be conceived that fre(|uent glimpses of speeding cyclists is one of the most connnon features of the Kingston Road. It is not at all unconnnon on a pleasant afternoon (jr moonlight evening to see forty or fifty or more wheelmen merrily speeding along, or more frequently in smaller nmubers chasing each (il.KN KOAl) liKllXJi;, UOSl' l).\l.l\ other along the level road or coasting with glee down tlie smontli hillside. To the iiortli tlie i\oines of Rosedale, the side roads around Moore T'.nk and the reservoir, and the windi:\g roads along tiie banks of the Don, are very attractive for riding or driving, or you may ride due north up Vonge Street jiassing Deer I'ai'k, the beautiful cemetery of 31ount Pleasant, Davisviile and Kglinton to Hog's llollo«,a distance of tivt! mile.<. Ilei'e a liraneh of the Don crosses the stret't on its southward jouvney and the sylvan charms of Hrcok's Bush entice you to rest awhile. Or still nortliward through the pretty villages of Newtonbrook, 'riioniliill and liii'hmoiid Ijiil to Mradford on the Holland Ivivei', or still 42 Toronto ttnd Adjacent (b'lU/UHfc iififoc/*-. oiiwaril tn the slioros of Lako Himcoe itself, one of tlie lirst ami the largest of tlie smaller cliaiii of lakes north of Toronto, and ahout forty miles from the city. To the west, jjassini; thioiigh the flowery suliiuh of I'arkdale which is now a part of the city, you enter the beautiful lake shore roail. Here as you ride or drive alons,' you ;^'et delightful glimpses through the luxuriant foliage of the lakeside trees, of numerous white sails of yachts and skill's tacking and scudding like flocks of wild sea l)irds as they careen along Ontario's blue. Leaving the flowery sid)url) the road follows close to the shoro line, passing the entrance to High I'ark, (Grenadier Pond and on to the mouth of the Hundier iliver with its hotels and boathouses, and thence a little more iidand, westward to Minuet), Lung Branch, Lome Park and Oakville. It is a favorite route for riotli sexes playing ball or rom]iiiig ai tag or iitlier [lastime ; while fai'ther on are deliglitful nooks and rouiantic paths for the desultory ramblings of j)ensive and love sick swain. Such is High Park on a typical sunnuer afternoon. INDUSTRIES AND MANUFACTURES. Toronto is fast becoming a great industrial and manufacturing centre. Within tiie last twenty years there has been a large increase in this res|>ect. Many mainifacturers throughout the province iiave found it to 46 Turonto loid Adjacent Hnuimer liesorts. their interest to have their main estaldishmentH in tlie Provincial Capital. Many proprietors of the large industries in the United States liave found it necessary in order to successfully compete for the Canadian trade, to have branch establishments in this country wiiere they can manufacture their goods, and have located in Toronto. The selection of the Queen City as their location is but natural, for Toronto possesses exceptional inducements and advantaj/es to manufacturers. Tt is not only the chief city in iiup(ntance in the Province and tiie second in size in tiie Dominion, but it is also a great railroad and shii)ping centre and tlie chinf entrepot fnr tlio cnuinierce of lialf a continent. OUori' Ol' l.K.MllNC DUV OIlOIiK MOl 8K8. ' )ii account therefore of its geographical ]insiti(in ami its niany iiatin-al and acquired advantages Toronto nmst necessarily in the future l)ecome a great industrial and manufacturing centre. Labor is Iiere conservative, reliable and diligent, and no serious riots or strikes have occurred. Numerous excellent factory sites are available on the water front and inland, and within easy acce>s to railroads, steamboats and electric carsi and freight can lie shipped to ull points at low rates. Material for the manufactui'i^ of \iiacliinery, hardware and new inventions is here readily olUaiiiaiile. There are miles of w;iter front that can be utili/cd foi' shipping inid munif u'turing purposes. To cnimu'i.ite the presiMit list of Toronto's iiubHti'irs and liianufactoiics wd'.iM not bi- within the scopi- l\ Mennii tif Trditaixnidtidn. 47 of this work. The city otters special iiuluceinents to iiuinufactururs. Machinery for nmnuf.ictiiriiig i)uri)oses is exem[)t from taxation. A low rate is char<'ed for water used for uiauufacturing purposes. Labor and living are cheap. The climate and other causes have comhined to produce a hardy, vigorous and industri'tus class of peo[)le which is a point of importance for the employer of labor. The largest deposit of nickol in the world is situated in the Sudbury region north of Toronto. There is no nickel in the I'nited States, and the possibilities in connection with the nickel industry as far as Toronto is concerned are ver> great. INTKHIOIt OK I'KIVATK (AH. TOHONTO UAII.WAV CO. MEANS OF TRANSPORTATION. Tlie street car system in Toronto is one of the finest on the Norih- American Continent, from a stand) loint of speed, utility and comfort. The large, easy riding and elegantly linished cars make tiavclliiiu' in and about the City a pleasure. Since the introducti(m of electricity a year ago an evening trip over any of the main lines of tlie railway has steadily grown t for 'ir>fov .... Labor Tickc^ts. l.imited, 8 for C'liildrL'ii's Ticki'ts, liimited, Kt for 10 2,1 1.0(1 2.J 26 Me(Uin of Trunspoftntion. 49 During the yeiir 1H!>;{, over 21,000,000 millions of people were curried, with n car milefige of abcnit 8A millions of miles. There are at present al)oiit 80 miles of track, and 150 motor cars, which have trail C!U-s durhig the summer season. Some idea of the extent of the street railway system of Toronto may he had from these figures, hut a glimi)se into the construction shop where all the cars are constructed, and into the efore him to the left like a 1)oun(lless ocean. A trip over the .Mimico and Lake Shore Electric Riihvay should not be missed l)y any. 1 50 Toronto and Adjatent Summer Remrts. MEANS OF RECREATION. There is no city in the world where more piistinie and enjoyment can be had, and is participated in by its citizens than Tonjnto. Here is to be found a sport-loving people, and with yountj and old, rich and poor, the summer season is a merry (me. Baseball, cricket, tennis, cnxpiut, bowls, and the national game of lacrosse, are prizes amountinK lo $10(K1 besides which are the races for tlu^ (Queen's cnp on Dominion I>ay and for the I'rince of Wales cu]) in Seiilenibcr. The balls given niidcr the ausi)ices of this club arc amoiiK the nmst fashionable social events of the season. Yachting; has \o\\\i been a favorite pastime in Toronto and much money lias been invested in the biiautiful tlccl of white winucd vessels which fly the colors of the Uoyal Canadian Yacht Club. liKI'KKiSKXTATIVI'; TOHONTO YACHTS, K.C.Y.C. 52 Toi'onto (tnd Adjurent Unmiaer HfitoiiH, The Queon City Yacht Club liiis also a Ihi-kc inemborship ami a Kood sailinK fk'cl. Tho Toronto Canoe Club has (Ik; laivesl and inosi coiniilclel) ciiiiiiiiiud I'aiioe liouso on Iho contiiuMit. a distiiu'tion of iinixirtance wlieii il is rt'mcmhi'i'fd that llie Ainorican Canoe Asso's I'ark. The gymnasium, swimming baths, showtu' bath^, l)illiai'd, reception and ri'ading I'ooms, dining hall, ladies' jiarlors anoriu' Street, and is gcncrallv UMder-tood to l)c strongly ( '(i!i?-iM'\ati\ I" as far a- tlu^ i>iilitical lendeniies of its members are concerned. The Athenaeum Club on Church .Street is purely social club, and is llitc d up at a great expense with all the luxuries, games and amusements common to niiidern social clubs. The Toronto Club is also a purely social nrgani/ation, and is iieriuiiis some- what exclusivt^ in its uuMMbciship. It numbers among its members many of Toronto's most iullueiitial and distinguished citizens. The National Club has tiiu' reception rooms, smoking and dining rooms, and speeches and remarks of distinguished gu'''^'"^ "' the puiilic dinners of this club are often of considerable national importance. The Victoria Club, Huron Street is another important Toronto Club, f ni'oniii .s /f/.s Cliilis - AthU'flr ilH'l tSiiriitl, • > ( The Ontario Jockey Club. The spring nu'cl inf.; of Die Ontario .lockoy Club is oiiu uf the fiisliionablc ivnd sooiiil ovoiits of tliu seii-^oii. Tlie attendiince is very laixc and is composed of some of llie best people in Ontario Hocit-ty. Hulls and parties are freiiuent diiriiit,' the race week and the City is crowded with visitors. The successive Gnvernor-(icnera!s of the Dominion have made this a time for jiay- inii a visit to Toronto. The Chib has over .">, and has done much to increase llie demand for well-bred saddle horses. The Club hunts are very "UN nil-: i.AUN, WdDDlllXK HACKS popular and are largely i)atroni/rcl. The counlr.v aniunil Toronto I- pcculiai'l.\ adapted for the sport of fox hunliu^^ and a- the Club ha^ a lai^'c niniibcr of well bred fox-hounds the out inns of liu' Toronto Hunt Cjuli are \ cry interest iiirf to those who en.ioy this fjood old fashioned out door sjion. Toronto has several excellent Opera House>. The (irand Opera House is I In- oldest and most important of these, and under the popular manaKeinent of Mr. Shepherd has afforded an oi)port unity for Toronto's citizens to witness almiwi r\('r.\ Kreal actor or actn^^s known to the modern sla'.^e. The ToronloOpera House and the .\ca(leui.\<)f Music have also brouuhl many leailiuK ili'inuatic stars to Ti>roiito, while Moore's Musee presents attractions to novelty loviuK 'lu'! easily amused sii;hl -seekers and citizens. 58 'liinmtu and Adj(tcent Sinuvier liesorts. LONG BRANCH, LORNE PARK AND GRIMSBY PARK. The trips to those Parks fifFord some of the pleasantest outings to be obtained west of Toronto. Lomj Brunch is the most convenient of access of any Park or Sununer Resort near Toronto, being about one hour's sail, and possessing all the reijuirements for summer residence, j)retty cottages nestling in shady groves, delightful walks, and a picturesciue hotel iti tht centre of the Park and facing the Lake, with spacious verandahs and parlors and refreshment LORNC liliOll' or I'AKK IIOTKI.S. buffet, while the tal)le set here leaves nothing to be desired by even tiie most fastidious. Two dancing pavilions supply ample opportunity and accommodation for tlie regular weekly hops which are among the speci.il features of the " Branch." Boating, bathing and fishing are also among the many attractions at this popidar resort. So poi)ular, indeed, has Long Branch bectjme that it is found necessjiry to enlarge the hotel to accom- modate the increasing patronage. Lin')ie Furl;, about one hour's sail further west, is another charming spot where similar attractions as at Long Branch tempt many to take tlie longer trip. Tliere is also a well-kept iiotel, deservedly popular and well patronized, while the cottages, which are a characteristic foctture of all Farks, Eestrrts, Etc. 59 Canadian resorts, testify to the appreciation of Toronto citizens, and lend their usual charms and picturescjueness to the scene. (rrimubfj Park, about four hours' sail, is the "place of conventions," summer lectures and courses, and has grown to he quite a busy settlement, with its streets oi cottages, Hanked by shady avenues and groves, and its immense pavilion for lectures and concerts. Band and orchestral concerts are also a feature of these resorts. Two well-eiiuipped steamboats — the Eurydice and Greyhound — furnish a very convenient service to these three Parks ; while to those who prefer travelling by land, these places can be reached by rail, and in the cahs of Long Branch by street car to within a short distance of the })ark. Besides the band concerts which will be given by the Queen's Own, Grenadiers and Highlanders bands alternately at Long Branch and Lome Park, commencing from Vli-IOKIA I'AKIv. July 2nd, and from 7tli to 14th July inclusive, the engagement is alscj contemplated of Madame Uaymond, the famous cornettist, for sacred and secular concerts at Grimsby Park during the first part of August. VICTORIA PARK, BALMY BEACH AND KEW BEACH. These charming places can be reached by street car from the city. Victoria Park is also reached by steamboat, and a very enjoyable trip it is, Scarborough Heights being alone worth the boat or street car ride. NIAGARA ON THE LAKE AND NIAGARA FALLS. These delightful j)aradises, which have been already mentioned, form the objective points of many thousands of excursionists weekly from Toronto, Hamilton and other pltioe* and for a day's outing, few if any (10 Toronto (iml Adjorent Siimitier liesorts. more enjoynblo trijjs can he t.ikeii than the two hours' sail across the lake on the splendidly eciuijjped passenger boats of the Niagara River Line, with the eight mile stretch up the well known Niagara River, un- surpassed for grand and beautiful scenery. After touching at STKAMICIt '•cniOLA. liowiston we arc carried on to Queenstoii, the terminus of the Niagara Falls Park and River Railway, and by taking our seats in one of the commodious observation cars of this line, the fifteen mile stretcli of river is enjoyed in all its beauty, the railway skirting the Canadian bank lig^|4|lll!JI'l|i^ "1 J2J22 M^^Bfi;- i A-j^aawHlHSi li :x- w'C^TH ^E^^^L^^JIH^I ^^EaiiHiiiBETA-*"/--^;.* --.^ -- ■-„'■'■'--'' ■■i'-r iBiSisS-MBSaiB '(ilN'8 IN MNK. NIAOAliA t AMI'. This alone is worth the trip, while the many commodious hotels (notably tlie Queen's Royal, where society holds full sway in the seastju), aft'ord ample accommodation for the traveller and tourist. THE INDUSTRIAL EXHIBITION. The Toronto Industrial Exhil)itiou, iield during the early jiart of September, draws thousands of visitors froui all parts f>f the Dominion and Tnited States, and is undoubtedly the finest E.xhibition in .America. ()•-' Toronto and Adjacent Summer Jiesorts. PLACEw OF INTEREST IN TORONTO Lieut. -Goveriior'H Ucsidcuce, Kin^ and Hinicoo Sts. I'iirliament liuildiiiKs, yueen's I'ark Cliistoin House, Cor Yon^o and Front Stn. Provincial Lunatic Anyluni, Queen Street West Canada Life KiiildinKs, King Street West Kxliibition Grounds and Crystal Palace Osgoode Hall, Queen Street West Queen's Park, head of College Avenue Monument to the H'-roes of Uidgeway, Queen's Park Monument to Hon. Geo. Brown, Queen's Park Island Park, by Ferry Hanlan's Point, hy Ferry Meteorological Observatory. Queen's Park Scliool of Practical Science, Queen's Park L I b:\ LACiOON, TOKONTO ISLAND. Young Women's Christian Association, Elm Street University Buildings, Queen's Park Horticultural Gardens, Gerrard and Sherbonrne Sts Normal School, Museum, Ktc, Gould Street Y. M. C. A. Rooms. Yonge and McGill Sts. Mount Pleasant Cemetery, Deer Park St. .lames' Cemetery, Parliament and Wellcsley Sts Post Oftice. Adelaide Street Kast Confederation Life Huildings, Yonge and Iticlimoiid Sts Central I'rison, Straclian Avenue Knox College, .Spadina Aventie Baptist College. Hloor Street West 'I'rinity Collc},'c, Queen Street West Yictoria College, Queen's Park Ontario Society of Artists, King Street West I'pper Cainula College, head of Avenue Boad Places of Interest and List of Steamers. (VA Genonil Hosjiital, fJcrrnrd -Stn-ot Kiist Public Library, Chunli ami AdclaidoSts Griiiul Opera House. A(' cents. The SteinhofF and Chicoutimi run to Victoria Park (B miles east), four trip- daily. Fare one way or round tri)), 20 cents. The Island Ferries run from (i.IiO a.in until 11 p.m. at intcr\als of loto l,i minutes. Fare each way o cents or loO tickets for •'*.5.00. The well-known trips of the Hichelieu and Ontario Navigation Co. to Montreal. Quebec and the Saguenay ; of the North .Shore Navigation Co. and Great Northern Transit Co.-, througli the beautiful scenery and the 30,(MJ() Islands of the Georgian Hay, etc., are among the most deservedly and popular of our summer excursion routes. BagfKagfe. Tourists and i)assenger8 to Toronto by boat or rail, will consiilt their convenience by availing themselves of the services of th(^ Verral Transfer Company's ofHcers, who board all incoming trains and meet all steamers, and will take charge of baggage cliecks, thus relieving passengers of any further trouble in looking after the forwarding of their etl'ects. Jli)h'l.i, HcHtdiinods, Etc. G5 HOTELS, BOARDING HOUSES AND RESTAURANTS. Toronto is tho cliief centre, witli the possiljle exception of Montreiil, of the Commerce find trade of ('iin;i(l;i. Besides rommercjjvl travel tliere is iin ever increasing thron;^ of siiininer visitors from the I'nited States, who liave found the climate and suri'oundin produce the lirst-class hotels of which Toronto's citi- zens are justly i)roud, such as the Queen's, Rossin, Walker, Arlini^toii, Elliott, Palmer, Kensington, Albion, C'onunercial, etc. Flere is ample liotel acconunodation for the many visitors to Toronto. I'ut despite tiie present ample and excellent hotel accommodation enter[)rising Toronton- ians arc not yet satisfied, for the tide of visitors bent on business and ])leasure is ever increasing, and so there is consideral)le feeling in favor of the erection of a new modern tire-proof hotel at a cost of a million dollars. It is also proposed to erect on charming lakeside sites two or three large summer hotels with broad {)romenade piazzas, spacious lawns, and adapted s{)ecially for summer visitors from the United JStaLes. Tiie (to Tiiiiinti) mid Ailjuii'tit Siniuncv Resinis. Lake HIkhu iieiir old Fort llouille, Scarl)tiri)' Hoiyhta, or tho IhIhihI, and many othor places afford excolleiit natural sites for this class of hotel. NN hen this isacconii>lished 'I'oronto will have hotel acconnnodation second to none on the continent, and will doui)tless l)ecoiiie one of the most fasiiionahleand popular siinnMer resorts in the world. 'I'he hotel I'ates range from one to three and a half dollars a day. (»ood private board and com- fortal)ly furnished apartments can he readily olitained at reasonable rates. Many 'i'orontoniaus desire a chanj^e during the summer for wilder and more rustic surroundings, and for freedom from the restraints of civilization, and have summer cottages in the neighhoring lakeside ports, or on the islands of Muskoka or the (Jeorgian Bay, and consecpiently many furnished houses can he rented during the summer l)y Southerners who seek this climate to escape the heat, and, at the same time desire to combine the pleasures of a summer resort with all the conveniences and advantages of a great city. For those desirous of further information on all such matters we cannot do better than refer them to Mr. Peter Mclntyre, the genial railroad, steamboat and excursion agent, llossin House Block, Toronto. The city is well supplied with restaurants of all kinds, from the deliciously ccjol and inviting parlors of \Vei)i) or .McConkey, where wealth and l)eauty meet to di.scuss ice cream and ccjoling ilrinks, and the busi- ness lunch counters of Nasmith to the big ten cent lunch house of the poor man, or at "Harry Morgan's," proprietor of the well-known Mer- chants' Restaurant on Jordan Street, where substantial and well cooked meals can be obtained at most reasonable rates even for Toronto. I'xiard can be obtained af the various comfortable boarding houses at from !i?;5.(J() to §5.00 per week, and furnished rooms may be rented for from 82.00 and upwards. LIST OF LEADING TORONTO HOTELS. Hotel (intl \(imc of I'ropricfor or Mmiaiicr. guc'cn's McGaw&Winnott tno Hossiii House Nelson Bros. KM) Arliiit^ton \V. (i. Havill 200 Walkor House David WalkiT -.'(M) I'iilinci- J. ('. I'aliiKT '20(1 IvensiiiKlon ('. I'alincr 1")<) I'iclianlsou House S. Uii'liaidson KKt Elliott I. W. Hirst KM) Alljion John Holdonioss 175 ("ommorcial M. Doiuu'lly Km'o|H'aii K. H. Claiicv UK) Hotel Hanlaii. Island Point W. H. I'liltio lio Mead's Hotel, Island Park Mrs. Mead 100 Rates. Per Day. •A.m to ,5.(10 •LM to 4.00 •.'.t)o to :{.i)0 2.(K) to 2.;')0 L'.(M) 0.50 to 1.00 1.50 2.00 1.00 to l.,)0 1.00 2.00 1.50 to 2.50 Per Week. 8.00 to 10..50 .5.00 to 7.00 Classified. European I'laii 7.00 to lO.OO 7.00 to VLm 'riiei'c are also several j^ood hotels in variotis jmrls of the eit v besides first -eluss siuDiner hotels and hoanliiiic limises on Torojito Island, such as ^lead's Hotel, Island I'aik. Hotel Hanlaii, Haidaji's Point, etc., etc. XoTi;.— For illustrations and descriptions of Torojito Hotels see pages from Kjti. fiirnti' HiiKpiUdif. 67 ROTHERHAM HOUSE. 'romnto pnsHOHKos, ill KutlKirh.iin llimsu, a priviito liospitiil or siuiiitoriuiu, for disunsos of tliu iicivniis Hystuni, (liotli moxos), mir- giciil and other diseases of wuineii, Uliuimiatisiu, Incipient Phthisis, etc., etc., one of the most complete institutions of the kind in America. A special feature is the fact that the Husi)ital comprises three houses, two lieiiiL,' semi-detached with a hrick dividing-wall, and the third detached and connected by l)ridges, thus securing to patients more perfect (piiet when desired, or complete isolation if necessary, KOTIlKHIIAM IIOISK. the whole contiiliutiiig to a more [lerfect homelike life, and avoiding the daily or nightly disturbances absolutely unavoidable w'here a single large building is concerned. The flat roof over the semi-detached building has been converted into a hurricane or promenade deck, shaded from the sun by a roof, and as the Hospital is situated on a height of land, a cool breeze from the lake can always be enjoyed. Wo feel specially warranted in recommending Rotherham House t(» invalids, from the fact that it is under the constant personal supervision of Dr. Holford Walker, a Sjjecialist in diseases of the nervous system, surgical and other diseases of women. riie Doctor haviii;' i»een in 08 Torunto and Adjacent Snmn:';r I'esurts. Philadelphia in order to study Dr. Weir Mitchell's methods of rest treatment, and having been assistant for some months to Mr. Lawson Tait, a surgeon of world wide repute, besides attending ApostoUe's clinic in Paris in order to further study his methods of applying electricity for the cure of various diseases of women, has thus (jualified himself for the special work of treating diseases of women, either by surgical or electrical means, as the re([uirements of the individual case indicated, or, as the physician of the patient might desire. The doctor has recently taken an associate in the person of the very well known Toronto physician. Dr. William Nattress, to assist hi the more general work })ertaining to the InHtitutit in massage and electricity, etc., we have remedial agencies not surticiently known or appreciated even in the nineteenth century. The extraordinary growth of Private Hospitals in po{)ular favor during the past few years is only to be accounted for by the fact., that they afford as no other means do, decided advantages in combatting certain classes and forms of disease, with more comfort to the patient, an.l less disturbance of the household, etc. The patient bjing under the constant supervision of the physician who is, or ought to be, a si)ecialist in the work undertaken, and cared for by trained lunses to carry out all details as to diet, exercise, etc., ensures a degree of success far greater than can possibly be hoped for l)y the jt careful and thorough system of nursing at home, and it is only a (luestion of time when every town of ordinary size will be blesssed with the advantages of a private hospital inaugurated by the most enterprising physician of the place. ■I it, in or or or ly to rk 111 LIS of '•y ts se of MUSKOKA se at ly i.r iit St in \ yiiiskvka. 71 THE LAKES OF MUSKOKA. The Mnskokii region, occupyiiig tlie "Highlands nf ()ut!iri()," is -i natural health resort — a paradise for the seeker after rest, health, [)leasuri' or sport. Long ere the white man trod tlie rocky shores or tlireadeil his sinnous way through the emerald isles of the dark and placid waters of tliese lakes, this region was a favorite haunt of the lordly red man. Its veiy name is sup- posed to be derived from the famous Missasaga Chief " Mesipia-okee," whose custom it was to leave the home of his tril)e on the shores of Ijake < )ntario and seek recreation and sport in this inland paradise of game. Others claim that Muskoka is derived from an Indinn woi-d ineaninu "Clear-Sky-Land," and yet others that " Mus-(|Uo-ta]i," signifying S, S. MEDOKA .WD "Ml'ISSIXCi, M. N. CO. " Red Ground," was the origin of the present appellation of this region. Tint, whatever the origin of its name, it is certain tliat fnaii time im- memorial the locality has l)een a pojudar place of n^sort. The Muskoka District consists of an elevated plateau, containing over iS(M» lakes, varying in size from thirty miles in e.xtent to mere miniature lily ponds coiuiected with the larger lakes hy rivcis or rivulets. The water of most of these lakes is dark and soft, and teeming with the gamiest of fresh watt.- tish — maskinonge, salmon tmut, lilack liass, pickerel and perch. Tlie larger lakes are studded with rock-girt isles, \arying in size from hundreds of acres in extent to small mossgiown I'ocky islets with one or more stunted specimens of pine. The darksome shores, densely wooded and fringed to tlie water's edge with pine, ceilar and other evergreen, are still the continual abiding place of deer, hare, n Toronto and A(lj<(cent Summer Resortis. <,'r()ust', porcupine, foxes juid fui-he.iiiiiy; fininuils, while even yet, in the more solitfiry wilds, the h>rclly moose, the wolf and the black bear are still to be fcnind. Islands and points can be secured and summer cotta<^es erected at small cost. Hay fever is not only unknown here auwrng the native popula- tion , but is greatly mitigated or entirely relieved during a residence in this delightful climate, and many are the victims of this disease who periodically resort here to seek and to find relief. Most of the cereals except wheat yield good crops. Hay and rtjot crops are also good. For stock raising there is no better place. Cattle and sheepthrive in the woods for the best j)art of the year, the vegetation being nutritious and .ibundiint on these rocky lands. Muskoka mutton has no supei'- ior any when . Hemlock is plentiful, and its bark finds a ready market in the tanner and yields a good revenue to the settler. I'lie prevailing wind in summer is the south wind. The mean daily sunnuer temperature for 5 years wasaboirt (16 degrees, while the thermometer seldom 1 ises above DO degrees or falls below 45 degrees. The elevation of this region is about 1,000 feet above the sea, and this, combined with the rocky nature of the soil and the jiroximityof so many pine forests lenders the climate remarkably healthful. There is no better place forneurasthenic patientsand per- sons suffering from physical and mental overwork or other debilitating in- fluences. Con8umi»t ives do well under proper medical management, many being entirely cured, while others meet with considerable improvement. Leaving the (Jrand Trunk train on its arrival at Muskoka Wharf, the traveller is at once conveyed by one of the M. and G. H. N. Co.'s tine steamers to any reipiired point on the lakes ; and here it is worthy of A yllK OOK'. l.AKl. JOSKl'M. Miishohd. 73 special inention tliat this Cunipfiny has clone everything in its ])ower to accnmniodate the traveller. On arriving on Ixartl after a stjniewhat fatigiiinf railway journey, and op[)ortune]y just at dinner time, the tourist will find a sumptuous meal ready in the handsome and commodious dining room of the steamer, and he is a wise traveller who takes tiiis ojiportunity to fortify his inner man for the bracing water trip ahead of him. The new steamer IMedora of the M. N. Co. is handsomely appointed with every convenience, and is a justly popular boat, as are indeed all the boats on this line, and the orticers of the ditl'erent vessels vie with one another in their efforts to jjlease the tcn'rist. Unless the traveller takes l)INI.N(i-UOO.M. STK. ■' MKDOUA. the Braceitridge boat and visits the county town, which is prettily situated on the Bracebridge river, the first stopping place of importance is Beau- niauris, situated on Tondern Island, and about fourteen miles from (Jravenhurst. For years jtaat this lias been a very attractive place, not oidy for Canadians but for visitors from tiie I'nited States, and especially for Pennsylvanians, Every year tiiere are two or tiirce large camps of visitors from I'ittsburgli, Sharon and otiier points in tlu! Keystone State. The Siiaron Social and Fisiiing Ciul) of .Sliaron, l*a., have tlieir summer ([uarters here. A camp of about sixty people from Mercer, I'a., have located here every summer for tliirteen or fourteen years. 74 Toioiiti) (Did Adjacent Smmnef Besuiiii. Thu Befiumauris Hotel coinmaiids h fine outlook on Lake Muskokii, iuul is ke[tt in Hrst-cl;iss styl'; by mine host Edward I'rowse, who j^ives every attention to tlie fagi^etl out city ti'aveller. There is a billiard room, hall and concert room and bowling alley in connection with the hotel, while l)oating, bathing, fishing, lawn tennis, croquet and cricket afford plenty of out-do(jr sport and amusement. The mutton and lamb, vege- tal)lesand good fresh milk are all supplied from the farm in connection with the iiotel. There ai-e a number of sunnucr cottages, a store and a church within a short distance of the hotel. There is a daily mail and express iiltice. Canoes and boats can lie rented at the lioathouse near 1)3'. The fishing consists chiefly of black bass and ])ickerel. Hay fever is not only unknown here among Uu native popidation, but is greatly mitigated or entirely relieved duiing a residence in this deligiitful climate, and many are the victims (jf this disease who periodi- cally resort here to seek and to find relief. Situated on a beautiful sheltered bay behind Tondern Island is the Millford Bay House, kept i)y R( oert Stroud, and with acconnnodation for eighty guests. It is a strictly temperance house, and is much esteemed as a (piiet retreat by ministers of tin? (iospel and others, and especially by divines from the Tnited States seeking for rest and recreation. There is a fine samly beach for liathing, and a good boathouse with a ]>lentiful sup{)l3' of l)oats. liass and jiickerel fishing may l)e obtained ofi' Tondern Island bridge, which can be reached by Ijoat or land. There are good cam])ing grounds on the ]iremises, and a small general store is kept for the convenience of camiiers ami cottagers. In the fall there is good salmon fishing and deer hunting. Pure s|)ring water is here to be had for drinking purposes. Mortiiuer's Point is about e(|ui-distant from T>eainiiaurisand l>ala, and lietween this |ioint and Kala tlnre is prol)ably the best bass and pickerel fishing on the three larger lakes. Tlw Ki'ttli-a, a cluster of small, rocky islets in the steand)oat chainiel between Shaw's Island and the mainland, have long been noted for tlie splendid fishing, while North Bay and East Bay contain many excellent fishing grounds, wliichare as yeton'y known to a few favored anglers, 'i'here are a large number of summer cottages iu this locality, most of wJiich are owned by citizens of Toronto. The Post Office is Mortimer's I'oint, and here also is situated the Wingberry House, kept l)y Wm. .Mortimer, and with accouunotlafion for forty guests. From the immense bleak and bare rocky hill behind the hotel, known as "Old Bald^'," a very pretty view of islet, bay, lake and shore is to Ite seen ; over twenty islands, large and small, are taken in at one glance. The sunsets, too, are especially beautiful from this point, and while the gorgeous tints of the setting sun fade info the sombre hues of the dark- some pines which fringe the shores of the islands of the west, the whist- ing of frogs, the [ilaintive notes of the wlii[)-poor-will, the bleating of ,^^-x-\ 76 Toninto and A(liass HshiiiL,' ; or you may canoe along the sliore of F^ala hay and make a siiort ])ortage into Lony Lake. I3esides Lonj^ Lake, Hull, Echo, Clear, Hlack and Hardy's lakes are within ea.sy reach. Or you may jiortage over from Muskoka lake into the Muskosh river, and leaving behind the beautiful IJala Falls you can jiaddle or row down the wide river to the INIoon chute. Here you have your choice of a portage of a ipiarter of a mde, or by a short lift over the rocks you can again place your canoe in the water and brave the dangers of the torrent, which here dashes in its mad career twixi " Cliffs that rear their Imuglity head, O'er tlie river's darksome bed." Running the Moon chute is not without danger when the water is high, and were the river's bed exposed to view rusty riHes and other articles would tell the tale of many an upset, while a marble monument at the head of the rapid tells tiie story of one fatality which occurred here. Just below the Moon chute the river divides into two branches, that to the left dashing down the Iljigged Rapids and onward tluvjugh a wild stretch of country to reach the (jieorgian Bay at IVFuskoka Mills. The river on the right is the celebrated Moon river, whose wild jjortages and mas- kinonge tishing have long been attractive to the lovers of sport and the pictures(|ue. By a series of about twenty-tive jwrtages, some of which are, however, very short, the Ueorgian Bay may be reached, though many miles froni the mouth of the other branch, which is known as the jVIuskosh. From the Moon harbor the return to the Muskoka lakes may be made by way of the Crane and Blackstone lake chains to Lake Joseph. Port Carling is a picturesque little hamlet situated on the Govern- ment locks between Lake Rosseau and the Indian River. It is the most central port in Muskjka ; all the JTuskoka Navigation Company's steamers, as well as all craft passing from Lakes Rosseau and Joseph to Musk(»ka Lake, nuist pass through the Port Carling Locks. This adds to the variety as well as convenience of summer life at the Port, aHbrding a chanct' to see strangers or old friends who may be passing to and fro, and also a daily opportunity to take an excursion boat to any point on the lakes. It is a cool and pleasant place on account of its location; there is almost always a breeze blowing though from some (juarter. There are many jiretty walks ; one through the woods to Ferndale, another to the Indian burial grounds (the mounds are still visible), and also a short 80 TonniUi and Adjacent Siiiumer lieimitn. clmrmint,' walk to Silvor Lake, which is ahout 140 acres in extent, and iiiiH a hicai reputation for its lilack liass tishinj,', the Ua.ss cau<,'iit ranginj,' from one iialf to seven pounds in Heii^lit. Ahoiit lialf a nule heyond this lake is a morass full of the curious pitcher plant, which is well W(»rth a jaunt to see. There are no inos«|ui- tos or l)lack Hies at the Port. It is not an expensive place to live in, as outside of hotel expenses, which are not lii<,'h, there is little other exi)en»e save for a hoat, as there is none of the extravagant society dress- inj^ which is counnon at many seaside and otiier resorts. Thexe are three churches, and tiie assenil)bi{,'e of yachts, hoats and canoes on Sunday forms a ])retty sight on the l)ay. Tile Port has a free puldic lilirary and reading-room with about 40() volumes of stuulai'd works, and the leading 'i'oroiito dailies, as well as Har()er's, Century and ntlier magazines and papers. The Stratton House which is kept liy .John Fraser, has accom- modation for fifty guests. It has a well kept garden, lawn and tennis court, and from its piazzas many pretty views are to he (obtained. There is a dancing room in the hotel, and the reading-room across the way has seating ca[)acity for 150, and affords a place for evening concerts and other amusements. There are two lioat houses here, Ditchliurn having a branch estal)lisiiment here, while \V. •!. Johnson has his head(|uaiteis at this port with a stock of about eighty Ixtats and canoes. The latter will, when desired, shi|) boats and canoes to any point on the lakes. The fish- ing at Carling is princiiially bass and pickerel. As the steamer leaving Port Carling emerges trom the Indian River into Rosseau Lake, a glimpse of Windermere may be seen across the four mile intervening stretch of water. This is one of the oldest and most pofmlar resorts on the lakes, and has two hotels. The Windermere House is the largest and occupies a very conspicuous and ]iroiiiineiit position, being visible by water for some miles around. The pi'oprietor is Thomas Aitkeii, and together with the adjoining cottages, tin.' hotel has accommodation for 220 guests. The dining room is commodious and high roofed, and can seat 200, while there is a separate and smaller dining-room for children and nurses. There are ])iazzas of over one- eighth of a mile in extent, surrounding the building and atioiding comfort and shade at all hours of the day, as well as jileasant viev s of island and lake. There are tire escajjes, smoking room, public and ladies' sitting rooms, and a large number of the bedrooms are arranged en tudte suit- able for families. Outside, a sand beach for bathing, tennis, cro(|uet, ([uoits, and the good old English game of bowls affort. means of recrea- tion. Situated in close proximity to the Windermere Hotel is the Fife o X X X a: Id O 82 Toionto <(iul Adjdcent Smnmer Mesorts. House y some of the best people; from Hamilton, ( )!it. Pure spring water is obtainable for drinking purposes, and a very good table is set for the guests. Tho dining-room is co.)l, and affords a pleasant, view of the lake. The <• lol l)alconies and the shady groves around this house an; enticing in the hot sununer days, 'riu'r*; is acconnnoilation for seventy-tive guests. ^S'inderniere [lossi-sses a telegra|)h, express and [mst otlice, a general store, and a Methodist and Presbyterian church. There are also a numlter of cottages near the liotids which may be rented. Both Johnson and Ditchlmrn have l)<)at- iiouses where iioats and canoes can be hired. There is an annual regatta held here each year, and this year the tirst animal regatta of the Muskoka Lakes Assoeii'.tion will be held at Windermere (1H!>4). The bathing here is excellent and safe for ladies and cliildren, theie Deing a nice sandy beach. A tine ]iiano is kept for the use of guests. Tlie (loveriunent Road, which is a splendid driveway, passes both lio'^els. .\l)out five miles along tht? road is Skeleton Tiake. Double seateil democrats can be hired for driving purposes, and l)uckboards are ,also ()btainal)le. At Skeleton River, five miles away, brook trout may be caught, while Trout Lake, thre miles north, allbrds good bass ami salmon-trout fishing. Uass and pickerel fishing is fairly good in the summer months in this portion of Lake Uosseau, anil in the spring and fall the salmon-trout Hshing is good, .\bout two nules away is the sum- mer residence "f Senator W. E. Sanford. The Naiad, tlie private steam- yacht owned by Sen!it(U' S,i iford, cost >f!I(),O0(», and is one of the faste:st l)oats on the lakes. Tiu; lower part of Lake Rosseau is genuned witli numerous lieau^ifid islets and has 'oeen appropriately called Venetia, as the i.idy mode of tia\ el tiy the many cottagers on these isles is by water, "^'erndale here nestles in a deep sheltered bay. The Ferndale House stands on a high Idutl'and the grounds are well shaded. There is accommodation in thehouseand the cottages near by fo. seventy or eighty people. From the suuniier cottages on the high clili's very extt-ntled and pleasing vistas ai'e to l)e sei'U. The farm in connection with tlu- hotel supplies fresh milk and eg'4S, vegetaliles and small fruits Tlu're is a line spring of jaire ice c^id water. 'I'l'c gr(i.in guests. The tennis court, ball room, boat and bathnig houses .and cricket grounds are .imong the attractions in the immediate vicinity of the hotel. Tuesday evening is always an open night for visitors from the neighboring islands who Hock liither to enjoy and add to the anuiscments of the hotel. The annual regatta and garden party are always enjoyable and well patronized. There is ]ilenty of room for camj^'rs within a short distance of the hotel. The I'liKjnliiii ]liiit.sr is prettily situated iibout a quarter of a mile from Cleveland's. It is kept by Mr. and Mrs. .lohn F. I'ain and has accom- modation for fifty guests. The surroundings are very pleasant as the n.atural beauty of the place has not l)een destroyed by an indiscriminate cutting down of the trees in the iuauediate vicinity of the hotel. Tiiere ai'e consecjuently plenty of delightful shady nooks and resting places, and guests can have a (juiet free and easy time here. Bruce Tjake at about one and a half milt^s distance is plentifully supplieass and pickerel fishing are best in the summer and in the spring and fall salmon fishin-.' is good, while in the hunting season many deer are obtained every year on the points between the hotel and FKKNnAI,E IIOTFI,. KKOM THK HI.IKK. IKUNHAI 86 Toronto (tnd Adjdcetd Summer Resorts. Riordaii's Tslaiul. Witliin sitrlit of the hotel is a rocky bluff forty or fifty feet high ;iiul called the Deer Leap. Tiiere is a deer runway near lure, and on several occasions deer have been seen when chased by dogs, to jump over the rocky height into the dark and deep waters of the lake. The water at the edge of tiiis rocky ledge is about 180 feet deep, and unless the hunter is at hand with his boat or timoe, the deer after its daring leap can make its escape by swimming to the opposite shore. After leaving the pictures(|ue Morinus House behind, the journey northward up Lake Rosseau is continued, and ])assing through groups of Ishmds witii their cottages and camps, llosseau is finally readied. The Maplehurst Hotel if the destination evidently of the large complement of passengers still remaining on board, for at this well known house r ti'.kes great and i)ardoiii'ble pride, for there are two fine courts, one a gravel court, and the annual toui'iiamc }t held here in August attracts numoi'ous visitors from the surrounding neighborhood. Indoor amusements havi not l)een forgotten, and many a i>le.'»Hant hour can be whiled away in the billiard rooms and at the handsome grand piano in the drawing room, \. hile in the ball room is a constant scene of gaiety which attracts '■ . h ycmng and old. Chief among the beauties at Itosseau, and reached by a few strokes of the paddle is tlie famous ■•iiid romantic Shadow l{iver, and wliile the giant Niagara boasts its awful wonders, and Muskoka |>os ..sses many and varied beauties, no more entrancing sjiot can l)e found than this " mirror of nature," where every leaf and twin is reproduced with such startling fidelity as to induce the curious to dip paddle or oar below 88 Toronto and Adjacent Swiimer Kesoits. the surface to distinguish the substiince from the shadow. Besides these and inauy more inducements wliich Rosseau has to otter is the fact that hay fever is practically unknown in this high and bracing region. Port H(tndfidd is pleasantly situated on the steamboat channel be- tween Lakes Rosseau and Joseph. It is a central point and a very popular and fashi<)nal)le resort. It has l)ut one hotel, the Prospect House, which is surrounded by well-kept grounds and which, under the genial and efficient management of Mr. Enoch Cox, has become one of the largest and l)est patronized hotels in Muskoka. The bathing facilities here are of the best. Near the hotel is an excellent sand beach ."{OO yards long and which slopes gently downwards for about 100 yards to the lake, forming a perfectly safe place for children and non-swinuiiers. The grounds to the extent of al)out one and a half miles on l)oth sides of the canal belong to the hotel and the beautiful white swing bridge spanning the cut adds to the beauty of the natural surroundings. There is a go ID o 90 T(ir(i)it(> and Adjacent Summer Rpsorts. energy of its projirietor, Thrnnas Hjunill, after the unfortunate l)urnini,' of the old hotel. Tile new House will he ready this fall for guests. Crossing the lake again westward Craigie Lea House is reached, and after touching at some of the most beautiful suunuer cottages and islands in Muskoka, discharging freight, campers and cottagers, the steamer, leaving the famous Voho group of islands behind, lands its((Uota of guests and freight at the well-known Stanley House, situated in a bay of the same name. Like many Muskoka hotels the site chosen for tlin Stanley House, on a connnanding blutt', is most ]iictures(|ue, and the visitor is at Mm:, "LOAUKD KOU CJAMK." once struck with the pretty entrance to the grounds which resembles the gateway entrances to some of our well-known [larks. Ascending a wind- ing pathway this haven of rest is reached, surrounded by tine shade trees. This house has accommodation for seventy-five people, and a good sui)ply of tirst-class boats and canoes is kept on hand for the use of guests, as well as a tine pleasure sailing-yacht, cutter rigged and (leej» draught. The hotel also boasts a lawn tennis court, large dancing hall, two pianos, besides separate lj^,vatories for ladies and gentlemen, ladies' sitting-room, a library well sujiplied with books and magazines, smoking and card rooms, etc. Tlie dining-room will accommodate 100. Aiiout 2(Kt yards from the hotel is a pretty cottage which may be rented by a family MOIilMS not SK, I.AKI-; HOSSKAC "DEKKlLKAP IMK|-," MCAK MOKINUS HOl'SE. 92 Tiironfo dial Adjacenl Sniiinifr Jiesorta. ilesirinyt seclusion, ;iiul hojird ciin be ohtiiinetl iit the liotel. A Sfindy hufich jitt'orils safe Ixitliinj^ and good tiHliinj^, Ikihs, pickerel iind salmon, is also enjoyed, while in the fall, deer liunting and partridge shooting' are alone well worth the journey up the lake. Uoats call here daily in season. Mr. C. K. Ayre is the proi)rietor of this house (which also con- tains post and express ottices), and makes a specialty of supplying his guests witii fresh vegetables fiom his own garden, home cured ham and hacon and fresh eggs, butter, milk, and cream, fi'ou) his own dairy. It is a characteristic of the Anglo-Saxon race, when travelling either for adventure or mere jileasure, to peneti'ate as deep as possible into the forest, or to I'each the source of river or head of lake, in or