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Lea diagrammea suivants llluatrent la mtlhoda. 1 2 3 1 2 3 4 5 6 MicRocorr iischution tht chart (ANSI and ISO TEST CHART No !| 1.0 I.I tii 1 2.2 u 1.6 A /APPLIED IM'GE Inc raKJKiT*'--,^^ ONTARIO OLD AND NEW 'AM,,„.K, S,u™,Ncl TMK ,.„.H.KK.SS T„Ar ,„K SKTT.K,, POR , ,OV - rHK ,.„OV,X.K OK OST.KK, „.VS M.U.K , ,■ TO ,M PK "Till A I.KSl KirrrON ok THK SKVKRAI, I.ISTKKTS " OK XKW OXTAKIO RKl KM l.v SI RX KVKIl AM) OTIIKRWISK OI'KNKI) Ir KOR SKTTI.KjriiXT ll'MIMI.Kl) »v MOLVNEUX ST. JOHN THK PIGIKKS AMI sr.y ATK.MKMs IV THIS I'AVlrill.KI (iOVKKNMK.XT UHKHOOKS ANH OTHKR MlH IMHNT; AKK TAKKX KROM THE I 901 MANITOBA FRKK PRESS ^.OMI'ANV Gsf. A: INTRODUCTION. T '^ '""","'"'■' '^ ■'"'•■'' '""■">■ <"' >1- «"i.lance of ,ho« „ho r' : """ "'"•""" •" '"^ ""'- "' -I- Nor.l. V T z:::;:: """""' '■-'-■«. „.vi,.,a.K,„.,.;„,„^: 'n.ar,o u, , ,h,,v a„racn«. features. To the forn.er cla„ of per- ™;e„:a,e,a.„a,„ea„.,„.„e.ea„,::::^:,:;:'™rCr: "'. .. To ,l„.se „.,,o have .api.al .o ,.,„p,oy ,he pro.spcri.v enjove.l ■n 'l,e se„.e., ,..,io„., „f ,„e provin.-e a„„ ,he „ai,v expa„;,i„73 .- of ..s a„e, provi„es ,„a,,v o,.„i„,, ,Ha. Heretofore have Z ■TJ. To all classes these con,li„„ns. together with a staMe free an.l exce e„t sy.ten, o, ,over„,„e„,, n,„„icipa| ,„,„i.„.i„„: '^ZZ ..onal fac,,.,e,. constitute a cou.Htion of life et,„alled in few p c« '" ""^ ""'■I'l anirlf to Kilter P:iir.- 4J \ir.OMA. Siirv. v.^ Lawrence) than ,o ,he Pacific, tav.ng Q„ebec. New Brunswick. Nova Scotta, and Prince Edward Island on lUc east, and Maiiitol.a, ll,c Xoriliwesl T r "•..ries, and British Colnn.bia on the west. .1.1' ,".,"'7 m"""""""' '"'"" •' """'» ™ .1.0 Slate of .Minnesota, the remainder of i,s somhern boundary b..in„ the "Great Lakes" »nd .l.e nvcr St. I.awrc.e. On its north- em .stde is the vasi iinorgani,ed and eoin- paratively unknown lerri.ory weM of il„. Hudson Bay, l,s „rea is ,bo„, .,,ooo «l...-.™.n.k.,.i.e.. ,4..«x,,„«,acres..na^ areer than Crea, Bri.ain and Ireland, and "«Hy as large a.s France, and yet onlv the '»..r.l. .n si.c of the organised t.rriLia .visions oanada. In its wilder distr[ It IS a land of forest streams and lakes of r«ky,,d|sh„ldin,„„j,„„„,^.^;,'^--' vail ys destined ,„ become rich Brain fieM, wile in, he settled portions „hfch„„;'t c^..de .he whole of Eastern and Southern Ontario it ,s one of the richest producins countries in the worl.l, and withal it is ^ otm.ry which affords innumerable fa il, ie llcment and commercial enterprise II IS unneces»ry to fully describe the l'"'«--,li„ has been made since, he Hrs' settlers attacked the forests of Ontario to cut and clear homes in what was then a re- mote wilderness, but information will be given concerning localities in which open- ings can at present be found for the now far easier talk of making a home or es- tablishing a business. When the province of Ontario {then called Upper Canada) was first settled by immigrants from the revolting colonies of America, and others, the land was covered by an unbroken forest. The only means of communication with the outer world w;i> by the '"Great Lakes," and the St. Law- rence river, and the pioneers of settlement could look for lit'.le extraneous assistance. Small knots of people settled here and there with every condition of hardship surroiuid- ing them, though year by year some iilllv improvement and amelioration of tlieii- condition was effected, But the task be fore each man was with his own hands ii. carve his fields out of the forest, to live meanwhile on what he could grow amonRst the stumps, to utilize his wheat, when he had grown any. as best he might, and when such material advance in his m-ighborhoinl as the establishment of a mill had been made, to carry his grist to the mill and re- turn with the flour on an ox's back, or on his own shoulders through the paths in the woods, an operation frequently requiring several days for its performance. Notwith- standing these difficulties and despite the fact that at a critical time the nation was at war with its neighbors of the United States, little more than two generations passed ere Ontario had become the most wealthy, the most progressive and produc live colony in British America. A specta- tor standing on the deck of a steamer as it passes through Lake Ontario and the St. Lawrence, or looking from the windows of a car on the Grand Trunk or Canadian Pacific railways would with difficulty real- ize that in so short a time the metamor phose had taken place from the virgin forest, the Indian trail, the bark canoe and the wild animals of the woods, to a vista of i-ities and towns, country houses and comfortable homesteads, fields of grain, flocks of selected sheep and herds of pedi- gree cattle, mills and factories, and all the accoinpanying evidences of an advanced civilisation. To Canadians this is an old story, but to strangers, fur whose inform- ation these pages are more particularly in- tended, llie great advances made in tlie century are unknown, and are here alluded lo in order to emphasize the fact that if these results were obtained in the face of the greatest difficulties, the settler, now-a- days exploiting the same province, but with every facility that science and civilization can afford him, will achieve success much more rapidly and much less arduously than those who showed the way. He has not an unremunerat, '■ forest to contend witli He cati settle in parts where the wood he cuts in clearing his holding has a good market value. He h;is no enforced idleness for there is always a demand for his labor He can sell all he can raise, or all the native produi-e he may gather, and he pur- chases his necessary supplies almost at the same price as in an eastern city. And while steadily following his self allotted toil, he may find himself the beneficiary of some totally unexpected piece of good fortune, arising from mineral discoveries or com merciiil ventures in his neighborhood. Before the discovery of nickel at Sud bury, oti the Canadian Pacific railway, the land was there for anyone who chose to oc cupy it. .V few years ago in the Kainy River district land could be had for the taking in localities that are now being stak ed out as mining claims, and there are many such transformations yet to be made within the limits of those districts which immigrants are now invited to occupy. Inasmuch, however, as some men are not desirous of leading the way in new settle- ments, or new ventures, however easy the one or remunerative the other, but prefer lo pay for and utilize the work of others, the following pages will contain some in- formation concerning the older and more settled parts of Ontario wlierc those to whom allusion has been made will be ahle to profitably invest their capital surround ed by the comforts and conveniences that an established civilization affords. CONSTITUTION , ^TARlOi, oneoflhcsdf-suv. "ninu provinces, uhicli bcinc Wcr»l,.a in ,8f,7 fo„„, „;„, ~"me nnorganized lerriluries Ilumnnon of Canada, The whole f'""iilmn is governed by , p"; ", """■''■. '"■Pre.'ienting ,he Sovereign) a ii"n.in,m-d Senate of s, ,^'"' and -. 11 . **' """nibers. »"'! a Ho,„e of Commons of ,, , the „, chief III , l"tl. rs from time ,o li„,e internreled n »me respect, amended by the de "f lie bnpreme Court of Canada. Ill"' iiidicial commiliee of ,he Priy, 'ilinUnglandincnme.stedcases, The iiiieiil "f Canada meets in the city „f '•'•111 .he province of Ontario, and "iiiiti I legtsbiture ,n Toronto, the •>iil.".Te.al city of ,he pr„vincc, ■icI. province there is a l,ienlen,,nt- \ Trolley on ,, c,„ mtmhcrs deced by popular vote, F„,m iii"< two Houses about Ij member, bein^ ;'"■ """'""' '''ivy Council for Can,,,!.-,'; loini a Cabmet or ministerial advisers of llH- l.overnor-Ceueral, the whole system H uig modelled on the government of Great f.il.im. I he powers and jurisdiction of 111- parltamen, and those „( ,he several legislatures of the provinces, are deliue.l ■„ an .Act of the Imperial Parliament, known ■\' ~'"' ""li'li North America Act" a piece of legisl,„i„„ necessarily imper'tVc,' iilry Road, Ontario. Governor appointed (or live years hy the '^" """■'>""al-in-Co„nciI, and „r„v „ "=' ''■«■''"""= elected by popiZ vote ,„ Ontano there is only one H:,se-,;ru " be nd ''"""""'"'"' °' ■"' ""'■ \\itliin (h- - ■ . ' '"* Assemby. ^"'";:^ti'rrA^^';h:rr7 "^ ■"" "-^— ive^::::,;:^:::;;; JUSTICK, rln- KciH-nil .ifTair-. nf the province, lim iImtc IS a urrilf>ri;il .livlsinn into mimicipallli.s. eacli InviriB in ,,wii cnitncil. presiilcl ov.r !■) a kr in n,i,, |,y a Mayor, for llu- Kov.Ti.amv „f ii, 1,^.,,, i„„,„.,is. •,•!.,■,, imniicipaliii,-. ,™,| i|,,-ir rcspi-ciiv.- i.ow.ts :ir<- onau-.l ai„l ,l,.|i,„.d l,y ,1,^ r.<-Bi.lalivf AsM'ml.Iy of III,. |,nivinc-c, A i-r.-atiT il,-- Br,.,. of fr,.,..Io„i 1111,1 self-Koveniin,™ i, ,i,„ loiinil III any pan .if ihc world \ llriii,!, peal lirs II. ilir i„,li,ial ciimmilCct of ih,. I'rivy C.nncil in l,„n,l„„. Tl,e jndBe, of all miirls are selicled from prominenl nunilars of il,e l„r and are app,.inled. a, in l.nat llniain. "dnriiiK good heliavioiir," "liiili pradically ni,-an. for life, inslead of l»iiiB. a« in llie I'niied Slales. elected by popular voce for a limited period. With every ..pportnnily of comparinii the two melliiiils of Bovernmeni and adminislratinn A TratlinE F'ost in the Woods, snl.ic.-l, no ,n takiiis np his a Canadian i also hecoinc .vear,« in ilie oalh of all.ai lur where he coine> fnnii, on resijeiae in Canada, hecoines li/cn. while foreiBners can .'ilii^ens hy living for three •otintry and then lakinB an Justice The adininislralion of the law. like th,- sy.stem of Bovcrnnient. is based on that of f\nRland, There are various courts it, Cln- tario, as in the other provinces, with dis- tinct jurisdictions, and a court of apical from any of them, known as the Supreme Court of Canada, This court sits in lit tawa, the capital, and in criminal cas.s ils fWidins is final, tlioiieh in civ.l cases an ap of liislice. very few. if any. Canadians could be found who would e,«l,ange the systems "f Canada for those of the Unitetl Slates. Education This dciiartment of civil government is iindir a Minister of Kdiication, and in no part of the world has more thought and atlcnlion been bestowed on education than in Ontario, The public schools are free and education for children between the ages of 7 and t.i is compulsory, though it is not always possible to enforce the law ill this respect. Besides the public schools there are .Model and Normal schools for the idiication of teachers. High schools. IJ Collegiate Institutions, and two UiiiviTsi tirs sitpplyinfi an aniplv r|ii,-iiii)iv i>f pn>fi's ^innal men ; a liniilt-d luinilHT ni si'iKirati- scltoola. Proicstnnt and Cathnlic, bi-iilt- nif[ht sdiunis and kindtTKartcns. Al llu' Migh schools and elsewhere arrunfcenu'iiK exist for giving a commercial and »U1i itry lii-iiiK whidi ;> :.n.i K-;,vt- A Trestle on tin during the year 1899 was 429.227, wiHi an average attendance of 243.325, the nunbi-- of persons in the province between the iiges of 5 and 21 being 586.350. The kinder- sartens registerrd 1 1.262 pupils, but the average attendance of these small persons was naturally less than at the public schools, being 4.701. Tlie total amount ex- pended on public schools duriing the year was $4,020,048. In this connection may be mentioned the existence of a military col- lege at Kingston, where lads are taught en- gineering and other branches of knowledge usually connected with a mi]itar> cduca- Tliere are between fifty and siMy li'is l)iials in the province, lo which 27.061 p.iiients were admitted during the year 1899, and to suppleniftit the private chari ties on which many of these were foundeil the provincial government paid a grant for the year of $110,000, lloin.s of refuse for Ihe old, orphan asyiunT-, ln-mes for the in- curable. Magdalen asylums, etc.. are found in Ihe various cities of Omario. siippnried and managed— except in the case of insane asylums, which are public institutions — b> societies, religions denominations and mu- nicipalities. .1. A Tiiiilicr Sli.'d ai (Ik- ClKiitdif TV : 2. I.riiiln-imirs Sliantii>> : ,,, A HuniiiiR Party. ^putation Till- |i..,.iil;,tiM„ ,,f I »iit:iri.. HI lH,n. lii|)-.. 44i*,K7(i in lit.., .UH.145 ill l"wnv ;iiul l.U
    Tlif iii:trniitii'-i ilnriiiR ilir year mri' ''.5'(. 'ir 7.1 fuT i.ono ; rlii' lifaih-;. j^.dn;, <■<{ 111.' I.irili^. 44.705. .ciiiiiinsiiiK i-ii>urii. Miinlurn anO wi-^inti niii.irii. up I., iliv slinrt-s ,./ I.iiki- DiiiM.i. .111.1 iIk' liitlvr tilt ilistri.ts to tli<- imrili an.1 «i^t III ;i cull try 11. larnf iis this Ih.r. It in-i-i*>.arily KFcat varu'ly i.f liniiatr, aii>l llicrtfnri: i.f pr pn. Sanll Sle. .Marie Rapi.is Taxation 'I'll I'd l.v an.' nn direct taxes impi tr.'vtTiiiiU'nt nf this provinct-. the revunni.' iK-iiiR olilaim-d from the sale of cnnvn lands, niiniTals and tinilier. litjitor licenses and orlicr fees, togcllier wilh an annual vnhsidy paid by the Dominion or central R.nernment to all ilie provinces, accordinp t.i population, and which in Ontari.)'s case i, iilnjut $[,200,000. The people themselves in the rural ninnicipaliiifs impose a small ia\ f..r local purposes, but this is very lijtht ami is nsed for what may be called ihe home purposes of those who pay it, F.ir the purposes of iliis pamphlet the pnivincc of Ontario may he divide.l intu "Old" and "New" Ontario, the fi.nncr dueiiip it-rritories, hnt are noted f..r ih.- .|iiality of their fruit, particularly apj.le-. in wliifh a large and increasing export l.ns iness is done. Ff.mi I.ake Ontario we-t ward throughout what is called the peiiin snla of Ontario, grapes and pcaehes rue raised >n large quantities, in some localiies tlic farms being exclusively orchard^i or vineyards. In this division are the largest cities and towns : Toronto, the s^ai ..|' government of the province : Ham ilton, London, important maniifacinring centres : King.sion. Braniford and .nher. Ordinary farm lands in the province raime in price from $[o to $tno per acre, the lands devoted 1.. fruit cuhure in the Nia gara iieninsida being worth dUMderably more than farming lands. ThroMgho;ii i'\KMi.\i; r.AMii tliiM' Mwral ix.rhon. <,i .,I,| ()„i.,i„ '•■iil..rl.> 111 III,. „,.n,| ,1, 1 ,,, ,1,^, [•■ir , 1 |,,||| ' t ::': "1 ll.MI r,. ..f II friiil. r.l. K ■" 'l-!i.-^.'r'"'M,','„""l'l™li'"!,!Mi! '-I'".'.- Tl„. „.I,„„,|,„ ,„,„„„„ ■'■ 1-1 "iiUu'.'..",'..",il!"i'.'f"i'l„",„' „i,,i '*"'' '^ -.1 .■\,-ti ilii -. Ii, uilli .ir .i.-,l,liii„ tim -h,. 1 o.n, 1, nil - ,1 1, 1,. .Ii.il lll.l.T lill 1 4.1 '111 1, .-^vjii |. I1..11.,. U.|ii II ,11 .,ll'i,''ll' II. mill . . I«B -•'l^,lnl iiiliiil. ' Itli r ji.iri* ,if il),- ,,Y,,^ j,„.,. ill, .1 IMIIII . - 11.' 1.,.'" 'r,'.. .l.'lii.k Firming LjnJs ■" -'""■;- : ,1.1 M-u: ,.r nr.l 'vhL' 1 lir.r'rl;!- 1 ' J mi f ■,-,,„. ; ur. ■; f m| : 111! , V.lll ■ ^i 1 ni-lir, I, I'm 1, ..III,, iL', '""•"I '"-li . -il, I.,-, ,.|ii.v I..IIII, ; fiirmi,,., n.l, li,.|i,„ „,.„,|, ri,lli„B. „„ hill,, ,„„ ' .'-1.. 1,111,1 . li,.,l„,.. „,r,, ,„„| ,.„, ,,, -■'-'II- :;■"! II .T.i.k : „ , |„.|,„„„ ,,„.,, '■''".-.^^-i.~''''o,';;:ri,Si "'"■ • ' "•■ < ^^ '■'■■" >« I'M iiiT,.- : luiini, ,,( K,„i „, „.„., Ii'.ir.il ; 41 .nT,., iiiirilj liml,,.,- ; , , .„,,,., ,,, '.r.l.i.ril : .■liiTri,.., iiliini, imj ,iii;i|| ,,„„ li.- -I'll i« i, .-lay liii.ii, : „.;i,,.|.,.,l |„ „,.||, l.lr^,. i-isia-n : (r;„i„. Im,,!, |,,.,r„ ,,„;.,, „„,; ;;;;";;;1;"'7' " "I; "" '■"""1-. Ill K r.iiiii; -.iiiii.i.« uii.i,.r„,.:„i, t„r s 1,0,...':,^^ i- 1'^^" 1 In miv^iii,;;: i',';,;";,,,,'^:;!; ■&i^\ '"!'■: I'lK IH'ii i,;Nm: ilri.iiia ,|i,.,| ■ y.! : -Ir.,!, Iii.ii-,., iiixi.s, and „|||„ ,„„, iililnic. Till, is a fir,, olas, ,,„i|, ,,|„| "I'k lanii. aiij nearly all lili- iiiiiliT.lraiii 1 : "lily ,1 iiiil« /nim ,i „ 1 mapki'M..,,,, I 'III' I'.. I. R. : 11 mil.-* Inini a liiv ,-l,,„. -cliiu.l. cliiin-lii.s and iiu-i utlir,. ' I'li..,. •4"o l£j.4Knl: ,,ayal,U- $i.;oo casli, lial KC 10 suit inircliastT. Ill,; ai-rt'S : 1(11 I'liari'd : 4 a,r worifl bush : soil, ^lav luani : fai niilim; ; rail and win- f,.|u-,-s . 1 K..II. a -iiriiis and a rivi-r al "/ hard 111 K'Htilli. all III Kciiid r,|,air , , , ,„,. , iriini syliiii.l. niarkft, ii.- Pru-,. S^JIikmki |)ii"i.>sinn at any mik-. .;o .i.T,.- : Ciinnly ,,f .Miilill,si.> : 4,, ■KT,.< cliar.'d. im waM, laiiil : ,„i|, ,1,,, I'laiii : wau.R.il liy -iinni! rmk and ii^.H'. iialnra drainaiti- : _■ ai-rr, .if „rcliar.l ': Iran,.. I,i„,„. and kitdi.n, 'b | frani,- ham and iithcr rnitlnnldinn- On n sravd road ; 1 mil,. i„ „.h„„|. ,1,|„,|, ,„„| p ,, . "; mil.'- I.. R. R siaiinn, 1; T, R . ; ,„il,.; Ill inipiirlant niaiiiifactiirintr fitv " Prii-i- ?J.;,w.oo : tirnis, ca;.li. KAK.VriNC, J..\N|,S ■ > coo JUT.'. ; l\.i„„,. „( |.;i„„ . tlrarcl. „„J (r,., (r„„, ,„„ , „',,;,„!'/,, M.>rv. p;,rt Iv finisliod. 20X2O ffd. C'.tMsrc rui.f'; liir,.[ "f ihc material nn rlic KniiiiKi 1,, ii',|j|,t ., kudicn 12x14 nnd als,. a h^m .M\4-lx.'o': wrii bnilt frami- Knnnrv. rjxiti. almnm mw : 2 miles ro cli.ircli, sch.inl. mark.-r. H. R, station and }'. O, Price $2,300,00. 50 arres : Cnimiy nf Middli'scx ; all iioared and free from suinips ; no waMc i:iiid : soil is a clay Kim ; watered t>y two vvdis ; all draim-d ; 2 acres of orchard ' ','ood frtiit) : Inn house ; no liarn : 1-2 mile t'l gravel r<>ad. 2 mile'; to school. 1 miUs t" R. R. station, i 1-2 miles to P O' Price $.!.(xio,oo, cash. el;iv In • ■{ nr .ate spri ; well ( Ik Rra itrd : aniili-., iiears. pcaclie-, al.midai.c- „f MuafT frnils ; frame Iiovse M-^knchen ijm(. ; t, rooms, in good re- " -lahlinK fnr 7 li.>rsea anrl enrn crth. etc.; near a K- tn school. ..; miles to 'n anrl P. O, Price $.i.- markef. K, R. siaiim 50000. cash. ion acres .County nf I.amhtr,, ; So acres cleared and free from smmps : 10 acres of mixed timlK-r : 25 acres nf meadow : 20 acres nfpastnre : 6 acres of fall wheat ; sni 1 Mack sandy lo.im ; all drained, mnsllv WIN! iiie - level farm : watered by ;j wells'- 2 acres of orchard ; frame honsc. 20x24 i ljed-r.v,,,„ „n,,^' ^„,, ^^^ bed-room (ownvtairs : ,_j . j,,.,^^ 30x50 : hnrtc ■tablt> uml Rraiijiry. ihnl 45xj», iill m food Trt>.iir , 4 null-* ffMrti 4 uravi-l riKiil. I 1-4 mtlri III M-lin.il, 4 milr* i<> m;irkct, t, milfi 10 K K oliitoti, a few nxU (n iri^i mill. I'riri* l.ivxxxt : Irriit- It.jnonn rn%U : K^Unfi- .It I, fvcr iriii |H-r imniirn Tht-ri- ii .1 nit-r oiigiir ImOi xn lliii (arm ■>/ iiUmt roo irrr. 'Oil acm ; i minu acrr^ ilnini! ;itii| (n ;icrc* 'if MnilxT , Uc <>r M>.l.lU'M'x . i> frutn •iiiiii|H»ii and (MrliT, i brd-roomi down •liiiri. ^ )>ri| riH>ttM iipMalr« : .t acrei of nr <.-luirhh| fniir : framr ham 14x54, on lOrfk", in fair irjjiiir ; drive barn, jox-to. >.ii lit.H-k*. HI fiiir rcimir ; fowl hoii»« : »ii HiiK'l ' waste land ; s to church. 4 1-2 miles to market and K R. station. 1 mile 10 P. O. Price $1,100,00 ; terms, cash. 100 acres ; County nf Klgin ; gs juri'^ cleared ; QO acres frei' from slimii)'* ; ii acrt'S of fall wlieal ; no wasle land ; snil, clay loam : Iicwn Ior house : frame barn (old): 12 miles fmm a city. 1-4 mile to sclifiol. Price $j.ooo,oo : term-;. $600.00 casli ; tlie balance secured by niortRane at ^ per cent. This is excellent soil, and a great barRain. A fir'-t da^s lOO-acro Rrain and siock fiinn of which 05 acre>i are cleared, the balance vahiable mixed limber : the soil is the richest kind of clay loam ; ihe farm is hcaiilifnlly situated and lies well. Iiaviii« only sufficient f.-'ll. not flat land or bills : watered by 2 wells and a never failing spring at each end fi>r stm-k ; will fiiiced with board fence in front and princii>aliy straight fences on ihe farm : Kn.id younR bearing orclnrd. A fir^t clas- 1 \-2 story stone dwelling bougie 2f>x,iri. with S well- finished rooms and 2 halls, stone kitchen attaclicd. 10X22: a frame wr.i.dshed. i(i\": a large cistern : splcndiil cellar nnder Imusc. There is for hired man a comfort- able house near the barn. 24x2.'^, with 7 rooms and woodshed, and a good well : a first cbiss bank barn, 3^x60. and other ne- cessary oiitbiiil dings ; schiml. ,1-4 mite. This farm is siiiialed within 1 t-2 miles from a first class lively market town on i1h' r.. T. R. Price. $6.-00 (fi..i-;oi : pay;ible $2,000 cash, balance to snit purchaser. .\ first class 100-acre grain and sinek farm : 93 acres cleared ; 7 acres ..f fine hardwood bnsh : soil is the ricl!e>i and best cl.iy loam ; farm ties well, every field having nice slope ; fences are all new- straight rail, wire, board and post fences : vatercd by 2 wells and a spring : nice bear- ine orchard ; fine new while brick lionse, with 7 well finished rooms, besides a kit- clien attached. 14X1C1 ; first class cellar un- der house. 18x24 : a fir^i class new barn. .joxlio. This is a first class grain and stot-k farm, and has alt new bnildings and new fences. It is beantifidly .sitnatcd. and only 2 miles from a large and lively market town wilb two railwavs, the C. P. R. and (V T. I*. Farm bcaulifnlly laid out. Price. $5.()oo (fl.l.io); payable $2,500 cash, bal- ance III snit pnreliascr. ,loo acres ; 270 acres cleared : 23 acres of hardwood, balance permanent pasture: soil, best clay bwm ; farm lies handsomely, be- ing gently rolling ; first class fences, mosi- Iv strai«ht rail : alt nnderdrained thai is re<;nired ; watered by 5 wells. .14 acres, township of Sallfleet— 16 acres livariiig orchard. TIJ apples. ,103 plums. 2(iX ]iear. 1,070 peach, 3 1-2 acres grapes, fi acres berry bnshes, 2 acres currants and goost'berries. Brick house, i.l rooms, cel- lar-, eie, ; frame barn, sheds, etc. Situated nn -lone road fi miles from Hamilton, cln-e ti> Stony Creek : II. C .'V B. Electric railway p.'sscs farm. Prl^ e. $7,000 1 £[.- 400). 163 acres, lown-hip of Oneida— soil rich loam, slightly rolling ; orchard of aboni 250 fine trees, in full bearmy:. Fine l.irge stone house (2 stories) and basement ,lo\.lo. large kitchen anil large cellars: well lit' i -bed iltnnichoiii. Frame house, good si/e : 2 large frame barns with stone b;ise- nienls. containing liorse stables, cow -la- b'l's. hay mow. Situated on the Grand rive''. .1 miles from Cavuga. I 1-4 mile- from R. R. station. Price, $5,500 (£1.100.1 i.lC> acres in the lowushin of (.'rowland, — Tliis is beautifully siliiaied on the bank-^ nf tile Welland river, across from I'i>ri Robinson. There are two sets of bnildintr- on it : about 120 acres cleared : 2 orchards an abundance of water, and the soil is a Roo)! day loam. Price. $5,000 (£r,ooo, ( RAILWAYS AND CANALS. 1(illluays and Ctruls The Easltrn, Southern and the Western parts of Old Ontario are served by the Grand Tr.ml,, the Canadian Pacific, the l-;inaJa Atlantic, the Canada Southern rail- ways and their branches, toRellier with some shorter lines, and hy the steamboat, that navigate the rivet St. Lawrence and the lakes. In addition to these there are ovei- 400 miles o( electric railways mostly tn the tiLich and suburbs. •Vew Ontario has the Canadian One of these, the Welland Canal, which avoids the rapids and falls of Niagara, is 26 miles long. Six of the eight-from Uke Superior to Cornwall-are in Omario, the opposite shores being in the United Slates. By means of these canals navigation is ex- lended-for a dra.iglit of 14 fcet-for 1.154 miles inland beyond Montreal, which is the head of ocean navigation, to Fort William and Port Arthur, at the head of Lake Su- perior, where rail connection is made with the Canadian Pacific railway and the Can- ,*! rr^.^ Pacific, the Canadian Northern, and practically the Canada Atlantic, besides the railways under construction or about to be built from points on the Canadian Pacific northward into the spruce forests and nimcral regions, and the Thunder Bay, Nipegon and St. Joe railway from the town of Port Arthur northwards. Tbeic is a difl^crcnce of level between Lake Superior and tidal water of about (ioo feet, including the Sault St. Marie ; usuallv known as "The Soo," of which mention will be made in connection with New On- tario ; the rapids and falls of llie Niagara river, and those of the St, Lawrence river. These are overcome by eight canals, aggre- gating 73 miles, with a depth of 14 feet. Kensington Point, Desbarats Islands, Out. adian Northern, and so with New Ontario, and the prairies of the west and the Pacific Ocean coast, affording in Summer an al- ternative route to the all-rail route across the continent. There is a minor system of canals con- necting the Ottawa river and its tributaries with the St. Lawrence, besides one or two inland subsidiary canals. On this canal system there has been spent from capital and income about $88,000,000 (i17.600.oc10), of which the Imperial Kovernment spent' before the confeileraliou of the provinces $4.17.1.021 (ffl,i4.7So), The annual freight passing through the Canadian canals during the year 1899 was 6.225,924 tons, and about 1.50,000 passengers. TRADK AN Trade and Commerce ^parf from ,he province of Quch„ (prc- viomly known as "Lower Canada 'Owtre ■S60. and showed ,l,e l„,,,| „^„, „, „,^ Pmvmce lo have been $io,es the followmg figures as the probable Rain's Lighth. lOuse, Desbarals Islands, Algoma, Ont. diistries as mining and pulp manufacturing were young industries, Takins same dates the imports rose from 52. 326 to $71,258,544, despite the fact that for the past twenty-one years the system of protection to home manufactures that has governed the tartir of the Dominion has necessarily largely affected the importation of foreign goods. But the real l.,tal would be larger than that given were it not that a consider able portion of goods used in Ontario are entered at Montreal, in the province of Qliebec-the present head of ocean naviga- lion-and are thus credited in the returns annual value of agricultural produce of llnt,irio for the year 1899 : Field produce r nairv produce «lt»,. IKrtfords and Polled Angus and the soil and the excellence of ihc climaiL- Sh'Tilmrus arc amongst the winners at all of Ontario from a commercial jioiui ..f r-ri iiviliural shows, the latter being the view may be gathered by the yields in this hnt-il f..r which Ontario has attained the province with that in other places. Taking I i ■'■. -^i rei>ulation. The following table the years 1895 and l8g(>, average years, iti ,. i'| >.linw the results attained by Ontario which such a mmparison was officially m ili,. Wnrld's Fair held in Chicago: made Ontario was in front nf all the pro- vinccs and Btales on the eminent in Kail , ,,,.t \r,o at THE WORLD'S FAIR, Wheat, and in Barley and Oats was sur- passed in either by only one stale in tlic Siairnierit nf Awards in ARricultiire. American Union. This province, however. qj,,^.^ y^^^^ ^^tnl does not now grow much wheat for ex q,j j,j^ p.^, ^ g port, the home demand coupled with ilie tarln. viaces. nrta. (43 ' , ..... StatM). fact that more attention is being given to ,-. , 1, ,- ,- ,„, f. stock, fruits, etc., tend to throw the wheat Unr^c^ ..40 (') 46 357 growing business more and mure upon the Slicn' -'50 . . 250 IQ,1 western prairies. Swine ^4 64 67 I'oiillry .^01 .. 501 &71 Live Stock Total live stock- ..iMJ M '/>5 UW Ontario is happily circumstanced as re- . - o _ gards live stock. Not merely d..es the Flour andmeal".'. "' ii) S 24 combination of climate and soil favor the Honey 17 17 production of the highest class of animals, Fruit. ,W II 5° but immunity from pleuro-pneumonia and Cheese 200 132 ig2 , , ,, ,- ■ , , Butter II 20 40 foot-and-mouth disease give the norihern _ side of the lakes a distinct advantage over Total awards in the United States, where unfortunately this agriculture .. ..14,14 251 1685 HORSES. Horses ^Mi.Trio has a well earned rei)in;iii'ir fi.r horses, a fair niimhcr biiiiR ariiiniiily cv THTled. though the heavy duty imposui liy the United Sl;itcs in s.,mc nK-;u>ire itn pedes this tr.i.ii-. I.ast year (iqoo) the pro- vince exported 2,044, at an aver.iRc prict- iiRainst iqi awards ont of 478 entries from ihe whole of the Uniled States. The num- ber i.f sheep and Iambs exported from the province was 277.9.7$ lamhs. valutd at %mi.(i$\, and 42,461 -.iieep, vahied at $271,. 4^4. or a tola! of .j.-o.jjb animals worth $1.. '(15.075 (£25,1,015.) ine Lake — Mcnjamosipi. of over $127 {i2S.6) each, besides ..thcrs not of Canadian breeding. Clydesdales. Shire horses and Pcrcherons are the Ihtivv breeds raised, with H.icktieys. Thnr,.iiK!i- breds and ."^merico-.^rahs anioiiKst tlie lighter horses. At the Cohmibiaii e,\l)o^i- tion Ontario took all the pri^-es in Thor- oughbred and Americo-.Arabs, twelve awards in Hackneys and six prizes irt Clydesdales. Sheep There is no special breed of sheei> nmrc in favor than another in Ontario. Siunh- down, Cotswold, Leicester, Shropsliire and others are bred according to the suitability of the locality and the preference of the farmer. The experts at the Coluinbian ex- position declared the exhibition of sheen to be one of the finest, if not the finest, that had ever been seen, and there Ontario took 21 1 awards with 352 entries, as Stvine The Berkshire. Suffolk. Chester White. Yorkshire, Poland China and other breeds are raised in this province. In some breeds the United Slates surpass Ontario, but in four classes exhibited at the Woild's Fair Ontario took 58 awards with 68 en- tries. There has been a steady increase in the production of poultry during the last ten years, the figures more than doubling in some lines in that time. In 1899 there were in hand on July ist, 9.344.024 head of poultry in the province, besides 3.102.614, value $1,162,991 (£232.598) sold or killed during the year. Of this quantity $27,615 had been exported, nearly all to the United States. * ONTARIO. Live Stock on ' ™J July i. i,,„ : pcninsiil.i of Onlario ii, hoiievcr. Ihe chitf Horses 6i7,,iwj fruit srowi Rion. There are fiRht sliip- Cattle 3.42g.,i,to P'nfT points oi importance in this section ; pf""' 1757.21 J Niagara. Niagara F.ill,s. St. Catherines. Poullry;; oIm2m ■'"'•''a"- ''alhonsie. Beamsville. Winona and ^'.4 • 4 (-rimshy, and at the latter place a cold 'Brteiers AssoclMons "°"" "arehonse is to he erected from which shipments to C.reat Britain wll he There are several hreeders' associations made twice weekly. In the comities of Ks- in the Dominion havinu representatives sex. Kent and Pelee Island horderinfr on from each of the provinces whose hnsiness Uke Krie and Lake St. Clair, grai.es are It IS to further the interests of the farmers grown in great quantities and a good deal in their several spheres. The Dominion of wine is made. With a proper system of Shorthorn Breeders' .Association, for ex wine making this portion of Onlario shonM ample, has a memhership of 400. and its bec.me one of the greatest grape prod.tcing herd book contains over .so.noo entries. conntries in the world. To the northwot There are other societies concerning them of this is a great peach cotmlry from selves with the .Ayreshires. Jerseys. Ilol- which there is an important and growing stems, etc. and there is one central hody export to the United States. In 1800 there known as the Dominion Cattle Breeders- were .wRo?,, acres in orchards and ganlens .Association, which walches the interests of a"' 10.S02 in vinevards. In connection all cattle breeders in matters of ,|uarantine. 1 the fr.iit indnsti, the provincial gov export rules, freight rales, etc. The Horse e.jimenl has estahlislied a nnmlier .^f frnit Breeders and Swine Breeders' .Associa experiment stations in order to test the tions work in the same way in the direc. different varieties of frnits and their snii tion their several names imply. The Horse ability to the several l.K-alilies Breeders' Association holds an annual show at Toronto, at which prizes are Salter j/irf Cheese awarded tor all breeds and classes of per- formance. This show has become one of '^,^' making of bmter is a branch of On the social events of (he year. larios agricultural business that is steadilv developing, owing largely to the govern FniL ""^"' organization of instructors and the establishment of cold storage warehouses The hardier frmls grow all through In 189.5 there were only 74 creameries ,t Eastern, Southern, and Southwestern On- work with an output of i.yor ;7o pounds of tano, the province securing at the World's butler. $,74.1, 6 (/114S11) in value but Fair nearly a third higher percentage the well considered and excellent meiho.l, tn prizes than any other province of Can- adopted for encouraging this trade have re- .da or stale in the American Union. Ap- stilted in an increase of the creameries „u pies received nine awards and were pro- til in l8w they had reached the nnmber of ^Hi,t I'" ll'",b ■" ""°K '7 °""" '''■ '""'"^ "■" "'■ '■'■'^■' P"""<1= °f buiter etthlbl ed. In all the counties bordering on of value $t.746..,62 (C3m.2,2) The anin the lakes apples grow to perfection, par- tity of ntilk used to make t pound of butter Td^: ' '",h 1 :°°";', "' """"■ "''"' ■' '■"-"" ^'' -'' '^ "<"■"■'' -"^ '" r « border, on the lake of that name. In ttw, per pound of butter ranges about „ cents On ario exported 4.07,.88ononnds of dried The mannfaetnre of cheese is an id"": Wfe $204,249 (£40.84,) in value, besides try of growing importance in Ontar o msgo barrrels of green apples, $502,0,3 During the last ten year, it has grown b.me,. etc., the amount exported wa, in million pound. Id about one hundred and «l«e $2t,,342 (£42,268). The Niagara twenty-three and a quarter millions It, 5v ^ V quality is proved liy llic fiict llut at tlie World's Fair Oiiiiirin took 2(il awards, in many cases niukiiiR w out <>f a pofiiblc 100 points, the two provinces of Ontario and Quebec taking nearly all the awards though competing: with the rest of the con tincnt of America, A Rood deal of cheese sold in England is of Canadian mannfac- turc, though nut always so labelled, whi!e some inferior AnitTii;in cheese has hi'eri labelled and sold a>^ Canadian, There were ').! 1.1,964 pound-, of liutter made in OiHiirio in 1899, of which only a little ovtr i.ooo.ooo were exported, and of the ^i.].M3.923 pounds of cheese ni.uitifactnred .l7.,lo,).ooo pounds were exported, value $4,044,tD4 (f8oH.8jo,) The chc^e is not nvide ai the farms hut in faciorJis. the makers of it haviuR heen trained in the government dairy schools. The tir^t factory was huill in 1864, when only about three and a half million pounds were made. In a country with Ontario's showins in grain, frnii. and live stock little need be said concerning roots, hay. etc. An in- lending purchaser of inijiroved property or a «eiller on new land will be equally sure of ;;11 root and grain crops and grass for his cattle. It is only when the question of raising the more delicate fruits arises that a closer attention to loeality is necessary. In connection with the subject of On- tario's stock production, the following table of produce, in adilitimi to live stock ex- IM)rted from the province will he ituerest- ing : Reef .. .. i;«,ijjtt.s. value $ 14.042 Bacon , . . . i i.M0j,5'- n.., value o,634-of>5 Hams . . . . z.6.ii..i.)8tb.. value 265.538 Lard y2,4*^ri lb . value 6,05 s Pork 541.0.^8 tb. value 11.647 Mutton . . . 14.420 th, value 1.356 Canned meats 275,50.:; th. value 40.050 Hides and skins not be- ing fur , , Ih, value 6,^3.191 Horns and Hoofs . . value 2.557 Sheep pelts 177.424"' mber 50-304 Sheep tails . value i.ort Other ani- mal pro- ducts not else- where spe- cified . . , l.3<)7.24orb. value 66.1)53 Libour There is no diflicully in finding work in Canada, and in Ontario the variation of possible employment is greater than that of any other part of the Dominion, The rate of wages varies from year 10 year and in different cities. Skilled labour ii paid from ten to sixteen dollars a week, in a few callings tnore than this, and the hours of labour are 8. <>, 10, with shorter hours on Saturday. Day lal>ourrrs receive from $8 to $q per week, according to circuni stances. I.imibermen are gcner,tlly engag- ed for the season and while in the woods their food and lodging is provided for them. They are paid in the (Jitawa Valley, which is a fair guide : Axemen. $24 to $26 per month ; drivers (of logs down the stream), $38 to $40 ; teamsters. U-i to $2.s ; cooks. $35 to $40, and the employers pay the men's way nto the woods. Farm hands are usually engaged by the year, or by the month, for the working season, and receive about $140 (£28) a year with hoard and about $240 (£48) without. By the month durini- the busy seasons the rate is about $14 < £2 iC.s ) with hoard and about $24 (i4 i6i without. Govemmenl AssisUnce The government nf Ontario lakes a great interest in furthering ibe agricultural pros- perity of the province. Tber(ls i-nnnrctctl Mill) tlu- ,|;,iry Tins nx'ili.i.l of iiistniciinn. ihonali nf jtriai ii,i- ;ii ih, liCRinninir. is ii.nv l.k.ly ti. U- sii|.|.bir, ,1 t>y llic pcrmamni dinry M-n.»il, ;,i C.n.tiili. Sirnthroy iintl Kiiikmhii, hIutc sitnUiiu take a remilar Miciitit5c ami prji.in il cmrsc in biiltir ami i-tkrM> ni:.kiiiK, s . tii liiiR ihoiiiMlvi's m rm.I.Tlakf ilu' nuiMKr m.tn n{ di.-.'s,- ,iii<] liintir f:in.iri.-s TIMUI.K ilu- ir Timber matiy mjllii.n, ,,{ |,,i;, i.iinirally irii'. tlic iiiUTi iliaiimt,. iln.iiuli . iIk- fMiiiniiin nf rail»v;i>> jtitn ill.' linilMT ili-trii-l'* \\:<-i ,:i :\ iiir.isHi, .lianK.il \\w rraii,i.nrialinn nf sNU.-.r. ai-,| .,^Ml ii,nl„.r 'I'll.' Mapli- ar' i. I.- lurii rhr «liii.. ,,r W.nii .nili |,in.. ,U,. .'in,i ,!rMr;,M.. u,' al) ,.,-„- f,,.- v,an 1m„ N'lTili AiiuTu.m cniinin-iit lia* liiTri ilic .lii.f |>n .liu-.r \,vv f )iiiari.. i. nol.rr tlian ariv -.ilu-r i.ari nf ttic wirln m ^|.riin- wlm-li Ilu- fi,rrits' expor's fn.tti all Canada ,hiriii< the past Icn years lia^ varinl fnim alimil iweiiiy-twii i,> tliiny millions ni dollars (£4.400.000 lo £(>,(xx).ooo. ) OiirinK tin.- year I'loo it was $j.>g54.o8f*0,5,lf') in no less Ulan forty different classifications, varying from ashes lo win- dow frames. Tlie province is rich in every kind of timber prown in ilic northern lati- tudes, and in spite of the Kreat quantities used at home and exported for so many years there remain large tracts of territory Still untouched in \ew Ontario. This Krowing timber is necessarily more remote from Ihe main rivers than in former times. or at least the larger growth of pine, but the Arciu-, the -sp.Ti Intended to foster tin- milling business instead of allowing the logs to be towed across Lake Huron and sawn in the United States, The propriety of keeping "our ain fish guts for our ain seamcw '■ !■; beginning to be understood in Canada. SHiinerah Until a recent date the mineral possibili- ties of Ontario were imperfectly appreci.it- cd even by scientific men. The coarser were found and worked in many parts and the proper formations for others were known to spread through tl.e province But of recent years the hidden mineral wealth has been better understood, thanks to the efforts aiid publications of the late Dr. Cieorge Dawson, the head of the Geologi- cal Survey of Canada, and a new era of enterprise in this direciion has wi in. The productl of recent years have amount- ed to about $6,000,000 (f I, .'00.000) in value, of which only about \i per ceni, was from gold, nickel, and coppt-r, hut the extensive and until recently untoncbed area of nickel in the neighborhood of Sudbury and the gold diicoverlei in the Lake of ihc WikxIs district of New Ontario, of which further nicniion will be made in the cliaprir dt'alinn with "Ntw Onlario" will etTeci con>iilerable ihange in the importance of ibis in.hisiry QimAte There are Iwo disunu cliinaic- in On lario ; ttiat of the souihwoi.rii portion from Lake Ontario wvMward. ami the other. In speaking of the weather iu On tario 110 resident charaeteri/es it as an bjig- lishman so often does that of (Ireat Britain, as "this beastly chmate." because at all seasons of the year it is pleasant, e.xcept for a short time "when win'er tingiring chills Ihe lap of May," though this does not iipply to Ontario so nuuh as lo other northern counlrus. fur ibt- end of April usually sees ilif (inivince on the highway to summer. Thai is t.i say. springtime in Ontario Is of shorter dura t:on than in northern ICurop;-. but the long summer, though brighter and warmer ihan that of Creat Britain and norlh.rn Kurniie. is not oppressively hot for any cotuinuous term, as in oth.-r parts of that continent or in the southern divisions of the United States. The Kali f..\utumn) is dclightfut in all parts of the province and it is only in Winter that any practical difference ex isis between the several parts of the pro vinco, In the southwestern parts of Ontario the snow is not to be depended upon. The climate is too mild. There arc " spells " of snowy weather, which the inhabitants avail themselves of to sleigh, slide and otherwise enjoy themselves, but the common and n.ilder winter suits their orchards and vineyards and they are therefore content with it. In other parts of Ontario, while the Summer and Fall arc nearly everything that could be desired, as climates go. the \\ .M Winlrr i> c«iM. Iimlthy and r^liilinititii Thr ainxtaphrrr in clear and lirncitiR, mud and diui arc out (if rhr qiiniiDn urid wtiiU- the rarih it cnvrrrd with t(« Miinbi-r i>f mow ihc dweller* thernm tin. I mutiy o|. pi.rliinitiM fnr tmainr** and idiaMire rluit niiitlir «(hrrwi«r he tmnlrininalile The iher what iUidiie rffiwrk ri( a Heiuh kini, thr idra i* nn're (»r k«i prrvalrni in Kiiniii* that il i« nearly alwuyi Winter in Camtdii, and thai .iring the Winiir ihr whole cmtn try i« cnvrrrd with two ..r trirrr fid ..( •niiw. There i» jii»l enouKh triilh in lln* tn rrcale an fntirrly falte briirf. Saiill Stv. Marie Rapids mometcr falls often below «ero. but no one except statisticians and other scientific men pay any attention to the thcrmomcttT or trust its rtgistcrings as any indication of whether the day is a cold one or oihtrwi>i' That depends upon the wind. Owing ii, the artistic but oitcntimes entirely deceptive photographs which are sent out from Can- ada* together with an ignorant and some- Temperaiurt Temperature— The following table give'^ the average temperature of the province for the calendar year and for the six months from April to September inclusive — prac- tically the growing season— for ten years, and also the average for the eighteen years, • A Faviiritr now nr vliitor* fnim KiiroiM-lpt ihnt y Ihr photnxnipher in it fur of iealhrr ciiBiL whlcli il then welt oprinklnl with ult. A -tuffr,! ,l«r JH laid at hi-, fret, uiiie w...w HhiH-«, whkh lit- miiUt of ■ l.ibly tiiuMnl walk trti yHr.U in, are Im, anil rtflt in hnnil he Mnnd* w-*rrne, h»i1 lliin pic- ail.iitrinK friend* at home ax " life In TEMPERATURE Monlbi JanUAry , . . February Murch *J>r(l, , f'y . Jutlff July. . . AUKtlK . . Hvtitciiihi-r Ortot»«r Niiv*nit.fr Atiiiiial iii<-iin . Mr.ti for .jx moiiihii. Aiirll- '""'""''»'!'«'"■ '-"i-r.-u. ,«,;,.„, lA •-' a II :^\ H , a.'i « U AMI '>■'> 7 W ft lit N ll-i II 117 s 711 a HI 'i 117 7 ."I 2 III n Ml 4N 7 :ix II :u II i'l I ■« H 41 1! : -H II , 'ill ^ (JO -5 i lu A 31 » 111 II 4S 7 W » Ml II 71 II IH 2 lUI N .VI 1 ,14 II 44 4 M I) IH 4 111 8 411 .1 im I 114 s a I in II 34 II ml I ■ill I 111 II III I 4» » ; limlle.l mainly ,o ih, ,i, ,„„„„„, April-ScpiemWr. Ye.r ! November neiembe, : „„„.„ ', ,:„„„„,. „,^^^ ■ toUI f„r ' five nioiitht I R.i. snow R.„, : s„„. R.i„ 1 snow K.i„ .sno„. «.,„ sno. R.i„ I s„,w ifm . . ISM . . » 411 1897 . 2 Al 18911 . "47 1MB . . 1894 1.97 1893 . 2 IH> 1892 . . .1 91 IIWI . . 246 237 fl « 8 11 « 2 7 7 11.4 11 11 III 8 74 4.3 11 ' In In 0.74 24 11 1.73 17 A i) in » « 2 2a 13 -r 1.49 11.11 1 HA 28 ■• U.«8 II 11 l,»4 « 4 0..-I5 m 1 S,20 8.3 In. I.AO 1 47 I lA 0.(16 0.77 o.ni 0.43 0.44 1.37 3. 19 1 SI 15.4 107 In. 13 2 l« 2 17 3 17.1 31.3 14 2A A 21.7 13 9 12.9 20 3 0.80 18.9 811 14 1 48 24 A 0.08 12.0 AO lA.I 0.73 24.3 60 18.7 1.77 l.;iist . .Seplemlie Tola] for the 1 six-nu>nlhs ^ April-Si-pt. . ) in 111 m 111 111 I I 111 I v. ■-' .-.J 1 I! 4:{ -2 4:t ;t.:(s ■_• lo -^ im :> 7J L' -iii -2 xi -2 s:{ -j.itit I :t7 :; ;{:; ■ J 7-. Ill .■..;ti-. ■_*.7!i ;• ii: \.72 o>t -2 lii -J (ij :; s,i :; Ki in. :{ 1 in. II'. 1.77 :: 1(7 I ■>:{ .t.tU 1.07 .■(.■J4 li HO 4.M i,H4 ;i 7o ;;.«o 44 i! 7.1 :i..-)(i ;;.7y 2 nti (i7 4 2"i ;mw ,i 22 ■A 72 iJni u x:i 4 47 J '17 ;{.::{ 1 \>i Hn» 2 (i:i :: 0.-1 u'.'U 14 :ln i;i.4ii 17.14 |-..S7 l:;.7J ].-,.:i2 Mi.in ht-Ui 14.14 17 111 U.!il Gdtnt and Fish Tlie I'ifi Rame nf Onlarin unnijiri-i-. Hu' moose, caribmi and (wo kiiuls of smaller deer, Tlicy arc plentiful in the spar-ely settled districts and care is taken liy tlie ir.inie rcKnlalions that they shall not he ex- UTniinalcd, Black hear are common in the woods, and where deer .■il".mid there ;.re usually wolves to he foniid. tlionch imi m -iich nnmbcrs as to prove a nnisance. N'nw that railways rnn into the forest refriim^ ihe hest hunting Kroi:nds are easily reaclaii. The game birds of the ]irovince are llie ruffled Rronsc, cnunniiiily ealled the willuw liartridgc. ilie pine Krouse, wondeock, -mpi-. i|uail, besides peese. diiek and (tther water fowl. There are several reserves for wild fowl shootinR where the m cs have been purchased by clubs and at these larfje hags are made. The principal fisb are trout, of which there are several varieties ; white- fish, black bass, pickerel, maikinonj*;', n ahouiidine in lakes and rivers it is aliunsi iiTUKco-ary to say ibai Rond sport is ob- tainable in many districts. The Nipegon, reached by -'le Canadian Pacific railway, is probably the linest trout water in .\merica. ihoush iliere are many oilier places little vi-iii-d ihai are alino.si a'< po.id while in the more settled parts are waters ahoundinK in black bass, a fish which quile rival tnmi in ilic estimation of fishermen, lie-^ides liir veiii-on. Ineally i-otisnmed and Mijiplied io liie lumber camps, one Hxpress Company c:irried duriiiR ihe past year iT)i..iiJ pounds and an. liber i?.ooo pounds and i6 moose. 'I'bis, of Course, is merely the .surplus sent a\v:iy lo friends in cities and elsewhere. In ciimuciion with pame it may be stated thai the Eovernment have set aside a natnra! park.— called the Algonquin Park— the si/e nf iwo or three Knglish counties, in which sbooiiuR and fishing is forbidden and which has therefore become a refuge and nursery for ihe larKc Rame. BcB,Ti„i„ff a Farm in New Omari THE foregoing pages 5l,„„- „.lut has been done in Onlario l,v induslrions men hampered by many difficulties and unaided by any of ll„. resource, wluci, arc lo-dav at "1..; conmtand of a new sctler. Out ..i , unbroken forest. tl,e products of which in Iheir day conid no, he n,ar] manner alluded to ,n foregoing pages. .Vew Omario has for many years remained the "back- woods of Canada." associated n ntinds chicly with gameand timber, thigh here and there, as a, the Kruce mi c Sd vor sletandTh„t,derB.,y;.,l,acce;lle by steamer : mineral deposits bnv, i Panhtlly e.ph.ited. the ll;;:r t /'b™ "cated towns and settlements on the O,. a«a and .a. Fort William and Port Arthur tomniercial fe has heirun Tt. lion of .1,,, V '" '^onslntc- o"n ni tue Canac ban Ptrir,^ D i ;-™.y..o heart „,thi;d-:H«:w^';^ .",'';;'"'•""""'"»•'•■• "'"'has opened •■ IJ c.tt ftnurc to this former wilderness Raptng m the possession „, their newly acqu, ed pratr.e wheal lands the people „f Canada overlooked the possibilities of the uttsttrveyetl portion of Ontario until ,hc onlano Government, prompted by the re pons of btmters. lumberers and ex foreTs dcternuncd ,„ e.xan.ine the country, d °U rd to contain agricitlttinl t,»j >• "'ciar best „f ,1 i'B"'-"""ral land enual to the «>• of the settled parts. Already the „il- »." had permitted the discovery of the largest know" nicL-cl .-.• ". nirtcl oie area in the world NF.W (INTAKIO. hii 1 crcatrd ;i liicral vc tratlf in I'lrtaiii [nn- .It •!•! of tlic f.ir.-^l. is wfll as in stnrwon. »1 ilcfisll. anJ .■ven in 111.- «il.l l,liKl»Tri.-~ ..( llic Rainy Hivcr Jislrnl. wliik- roiiinl :i]i ,nt llic divisional I.c.inis aii.l Maiion, of 111 roaj small m'IiI ■iii.nis lia.l l.«n iiia.k' an 1 ffiurrs of fmnr c liaOv islalilislir.l. l'i>ll()\vinK iliis caiiK' llu' ci'inmenci'tiu'iit *if Mh- lastcrn poriinn i.f iIk- Caii;uii;in N"r- iliirii K,iil«ny, wliicli njiciis up new dis- Iricis fnr iiiiniiiK -''"J ImiiiIiitmie .'I'lil al lUii-t ininu'diauly ri-vcalinii iu\\ii-lr afur lownsliip a.imiial.ly a,la|>ud m l,li^,■.l fariiiinK, And wliile ihv N'lw Oiiiari" ji"r- tii.li of tliis iifw main lim- i- raiii^Hy aji- prn.icliiiiR cnmplolititi^ti' In' iiiH'iniI in ilu- Aiitimiii iif ifyji— niluT liii.-: ari' hriiii; -ur- vcvi (1 or aro in cinir-c I'f I'l.n-rvi'rinn piii (tr.ilinR tin- i-icli linilirr ili-irioi- !■> lIn' n.nli nf tlK- Cana.lian i'aritu- Kail«,iy, nf \\!,idi fnrlli.T ninni.iti uill )-y uv,-h- iti llu'ir pr,T i-i>niirc!inn^. In hU n.'p<.rt 1'' ihr ynvrrnnu'in ..f On. lai-io, ci\ins a ti^iaiii'l Ma-.amt ..f llu- m'v .■lal snrvtys niacli- l>y lii- 5inni'r '4 Cnnvn Lands «a\ s 'lia' " t1ie results of the extensive explorations. a-^ .Iftailcd in tllo t'la1ii>rnu- n-pnrt =ont in liy ihe stirvi-ynrs, tlii.> land and tinilicr cs- limatnrs and the Rcolonii^is. have fnlly jn*- lifu'd Ihe most saiiKnine cxpeciaiiotis in tv Rard to tin- natnral wealth anrl fcniliiy nf N'nrihcrn Ontario and detnonstiali'd ihe wi'-dnni of the ni-lion lak-en. wlicrdiy S'>mo ni'iMirate knowledKe of the charaetor and cMcnt of its vnormons ntidevelo|ifd re- sources has hecn aciinired. Ti has Wen es- tahlishcd beyond cnnirover-y thai in tl-i. ea'tcrn part of the tfrritnry north of tlv hiiMit of land there is an ininunse area of excellent afrricnltnral land. aiii>.!n-nily eqnal in fertility to any in older Ontariu, with ai( equable and temiicrate climate and an ahnndance of wood and water, which ren- der the inducements it presents lo those in search of homesteads as K"od as those of- fered anywhere else on the continent. The apprehension entertained by some that our forest resources were very limited has been contradicted by the exploration and estim- ation of extensive pine areas on the south- ern slnpr, as well a-, the Incaiion of ^real forests of spnice ,'ind oiiitT varieties "t pii!pwi»»d norili of ilif hviubt of land. wl;ieli will enable tlii, i.rovinee to take a leadinn ])ovitioii in the cornniereiai world as rewards the wrnwintf and rennnieralui- pulp and iiaper-inakinii: ituhiiiry. While the fjeolnjiieal examinations have not re- sulted ill any new discoveries of ceonomif minerals (and it was scarcely expected they wcnldt they h;ive been of material -ervice in identifvinj; .md v-^tablishinK' tin cliaracier of ilie rock fi.rni.'iiinn- .md Inc.ii niK promising indicaii<>n~ :i5 a i^uide to closer investiKatii>ns in ibe future. Anal\-e- of the peal taken from the e\teii'.i\e de- ii- lii>;li i|ii;ilities and eci'tioniic iitiliiy. and e-.iabb-.lied the value of ilii- yreal natural sioiv 1,1 (,„■], wliu-1, \m11 |,p.hably make ii U-eful in Ibe indnstri.d .!e elol.iiienl of the The Climate Aiii.ilHT imp.. nam fact e-iaMis)ud b> ihe exploraii ms i> tli.il llie elimale in tbi- northern d'>irici prvi-eiits if. ol.suicle t.. -fill tllei Tbe torn.. '1. Ill obtained completely dispels the err-Ill .ius impression thai its winters arc of AiMic -everiiy and iis summers too short t.> enable crops to mature. The aiiscnce of suiiiuier ir.isls noted by the exjilorers and tbe Kr..v.tb of all the common veKctables at tbe Hudson Bay posts must disabuse the public mind of this erroiieoirs impression. The 3nth parallel nf latitude piisses ihroncll the centre of tbe aRricullnral belt, and the climate is not much different from ihai r.f (be province of Manitoba, lyinii almij: ili>> same parallel, with this exception, of course, that the winier is lemiiered by the ^rreat --iiruce forests and tbe presence of so larce a proportion of water surface. The count ry, too. has an ahimdance of wood for fuel, building and commercial purposes, and plenty of pure water everywhere. The Timber .\notiier point etjnalled only in import- ance by the existence of a vast area of aRri- 38 NEW ONTARIO. cultural land in this country and its moder- :\lc climate is llie fact that ii is largely en ercd with extensive fores's of spruce, t .ck- pinc and poplar. The value of this class of limber, as everylxidy knows, is increasing every day and the market for it is widen- ing ; and rich, indeed, is the country which has boundless resources in these varieties of woods. In the district of Xipissing. north of the C. I', R, line, there is estim- ated to be at least 20.000.000 cnrds of pulp- \\nr,<\ : in the district of Algonia. 100.000.- 000 cords ; in the district of Thunder Bay. 150,000,000 cords ; and in the district nf Rainy River. iH.000.000 cords ; a grand toial of 288.000.000 cords. The jiine region does not seem to extend much beyond the height nf land, but on this side, in the country around Lakes Teniaganiing and I.ady Evelyn, and to the norlli. an area of red and white pine of fine qnaliiy was ex- plored and estimated to contain about three billions of feet B, M. Water Powers A feature of this regitjn, which il is well to note from an industrial point of view, is the existence of many falls on the rivers and streams. These will no doubt be util- ised with advantage in the creation of econ- nmical power when the country comes to be opened up. It was not expected that the parties would be able to make a thorough and ex- haustive exploration of all the territory as- signed to them, and the estimates lierc given of what has been reported are very conservative. Totalling Lip the figures here quoted, however, we have over 25,000 square miles >if gi.iod fertile land, or over lO.ooo.ooo acres, and 2«8,ooo,ooo cords of spruce or o:her pulpwood. There arc also numerous smaller areas, both of timber and land, which are not included in these figures bm which will all be available when the development of the country takes place," There is always a fair proportion of in- tending settlers who prefer the wooded re- gions to the open prairie. They value the rich supply of timber for building and fire- wood, the charm and benefit of lakes and running water and the facilities afforded by tii.s kind of country fnr a poor man to obtain an immediate reiurn foi his labor. Some who have capilal to use see opportun- ities in the forest and mineral wealth now ready to be exported. A settler while clear- ing his land is enabled in many parts of New Ontario to sell the wood he cuts at a fairly good price. There is always a de- mand for railway ties, pulp wood, telegraph pnles, bark for the tannrrics. and employ- tticnt can generally be nbiained at the mines, the lumber mills or from the govern- ment or railway companies wherever cnn- slruction work is gning on. By alternating his time between laboring for others and settlement work for himself the newcomer beginning wiih little or nothing soon man- ages to get into more or less easy circum- stances. He fears winter little who has at his hand an unlimited supply of firewood, and sees in the snow covered ground itiere- ly an abeyance of his farm duties and a re- turn to the woods for the satisfactory con- .sideration of "cash down." A little fore- sight and consideration is. of course, re- quired in selecting the proper place for sctllemenl. but there are plenty of right places for the rigbt man. And it shonld be borne in mind that an intending settler can generally procure at a moderate price a par- tially developed homestead. There is a class of man in western countries whoso taste it is to go ahead of others, and locate himself somewhere while the choice of ihe whnip neighborhood !s his. He builds a log shanty, clears some land and then sells nut to someone and once more goes farther nn 10 repeal the operation. The work that he has done has been more or less a labor nf Invc and afTords a ninst convenient noclcus for a more permanent settler having a little money wherewith to buy the other out. Care, however, should be taken to ascertain that the spot he has selected and ts selling is a good one. It generally is so, though the pioneer may have made a m':st;.V-' and be moving in consequence of it. The ler- rilory. of which cinscr details will present- ly be given, can fnr cenvenience be divided into separate districts both according to geographical position and to natural wealth. lliniiRh each Jisirici i„«„.,. -e.,hen.a,ifi„H,;„r:;xM:r,t choose his looahu- ,„ „,i, ,,, ,.;' ^"""' "'^ PROnucTIVKNKSS, ?""■",""" ""■ ■•"iH's^ The ».,ler of ,„ s nf .his .rarf™ f""l> he rs careful to sirii-e f,.r ,1, k "■an he „r„J„ce,l „ , '.''"' ">'" "i'|ii]r> ^hnnl.i ),c „,,,,|,, .j^ j^^ ^1^^ cirni,,, ins and has seen men abm„ him grow rich ;n..„,nd„s,r.m„,.eep,hea«a„::: '" ^ """'■' '>'■ ■■'""'I'er knowing „,e »eahh,ha,e„me,o,„of,her,rtsn,ayd tonme.hat.he pick shall form par, of hs ..""■:^H:";n;--t-::dr':f:,;:! wort Tt '"'"'> """I conscienli.ins "ort The shif[less idler will make a lie •"': !>"■ no, mneh more. The m-n, „ " II an. derived an insiffnif5cani stances benn'ne nn ilic «-r.rt i ■ do_ "^ "'^'^'^ 'ic intends !,> »'i:'™^::;ri:r '""''" "^^""- kind i„ , , u ' """' Prodnclive w-ir,! ,. , 0"1»"" 'S no, p,„ for. u re h" '"!,' •■""""■'' "' "« '•"""•'':"' pn;:;,-=r:a,;e;!ni- ^'«^^"ni:;i,:---y-Cd! as (Cell Tc (i,» / M- """<^a. to affluence. NKW OMAKH limber nr niim'r;iK, iIutc art- niniiy aiTv^ iif (I(hkI aKriiMiltiiral laml. Tin- Raiiiy Kivtr iMiintry fur insianci' will became a grtai aKricultnral (ii>lritrt wliilt- at tht satm- tinu- ilii-re aic tlic goUl 'iiiiifs already in work- iriK and ctlRTS m hr .l.'vvlni.fd, ;i> wvll a- tlio nnnicruns liimluT c;mi|is MtiiiilyiiiK u market boih f>r bhonr anil jiriKhicc. Tlic a;inu- rviiiark aiuilit-i \« llii> onmiiry ai the back of tlu> Sanlt Sti-, Marie in Al yi'iiia. till' muRraitliical ili-iribnlinn nf |iri> (ii;ibli- \\vUH honcviT. n"! beiuK '<> cl.iirly ili^tiimnisbiibU- al |irt'Si-nt a* in nibiT pkicci. Ill ibc ili-irit't of \i]ii-»inc. tbi- nickv! 'Tr .l.|">--i ■ tfnd In ilraw M-tili-iiK-m i.. thr ThrJiIi..rbi.u.! nf Sudbury, f-ir nut .mly b:i- vii;idnyiiu-nt been easily prot-nri'd tlicr.'. Inn tin- ciTiaiiHy <'' fnrlbcr di'vclniinicnt in mii\ inc and iri'aiinK .in- will Rrcuily :iid ilu- •ii'w cnnicr in makinR his inmic. ni>i i.i nun linn tbf many arlviintaRcs which fallow thf cniiitrnciiim of a railway tlininKli a nt-w i-nnnlry. In spile, limvcvcr. nf llic aitrac- linr- nf this fifUl Ibe Ti'iniscaminmiv divi-i- i.iii nf the XipissinR district is drawinn Mtllcnicnt in a marked depree. The Inm ber camps are Innked In to snpply ibe dnnblc market for pmdncc and labour, bnib nf man and animal, and tlic existence nf si-nie tnMiT.hii)S already partially cleared iiitraci those who are aii\iinis In gel as much land as pnssiblc under cnltivation ;is i]uiekly as passible. These consideration-. ,ire the factors which make many prefer tl.e timliered farms of Xcw (tnlario tn the larger wheat fields nf Manitoba and llie N'orlhwest. It is not necessary to decry the one in order to praise the other. Both have their advanlaRcs and each appeals to the in- clinatinn of different tastes and ideas. In neither case, however, is it wise to expect that prosperity is to be secured without con- siderable exertion. There are, of course, better chances of some unexpected stroke of ifond fortune in a country where large operations are conducted in mining, and lumbering, but the men to whom these fall are usually those who are steadily wnrkinp; in their own humbler sphere. Nor is it pos- sible to indicate the localities where latent fortunes arc to he secured. There is the oppi>rtiuiity fur atiaininsr moderate snccesi in all part', the besi ehancts of obtaininK what may be called ibe unexpected "plnnis" of life cannot be pointed out. Kvery man iimndins; to settle nnist iudse for himself, 'I'be pariieiilars Riven in these page-s inHeihiT with a sltidy nf tbe mail should en ;ible liini to come lo a correct decision, but failinK to find Ibe inforniaimn he requires further en<|uirv can Ke made liilier in per- son nr by letter to the CioviTument Aueni nf the district. See Appendix A, cHipissing Tli- r i:il • ni NVvv l)"t;ii er atid iis Iril inry lakes, Temiscamingue and others, and eMeniK from Lake Niiiissiug to the snuib of James' Hay. On the west of it is ibe district of Algoma, llie character of the country in these two disiriels U'lng nnich llie same. The territory drained by ibc fltlawa river and its confluents has been for some years, and siill is, the chief source of -iijiply for Ibe white pine market, and NipissiuK therefore is in parts settled with prosperous towns and villages, though in others still in its prirnxval condition. With- in the memory of the present gcner;itioii the route by Lake Nipissiufi— the same takm by early French explorers of this cnntiitetit — was that by which the n;o..ds destined tor the posts of the Hudson Bay Company east of the Lake of the Woods were sent in by cinoe and bateau from Montreal, ror some years, however, the country has been served by the Canadian Pacific Railway, which runs through it cast and west, tonch- init the lake at North B.ay, and from this main line is a branch rimning north to Temiscaminguc. Entry into the interior is further facilitated by steamboats that run on the upper Ottawa river and the adjoin- ing lakes. At Mattawa, Teraiscamingue, Xorth Bay— where the Grand T-iink Rail- way forms a junction with the Canadian Pacific-and other points arc (lourisbing towns that have grown out of the Itimber trade nr the railway's business. From North Bay the Canadian Pacific continues westward ilinniRli Uic othi-r .livisi.m. ,•{ New Ontario, and from the mmi,- pi.i,it a line is cotittniiiialed rininiiiK ni>rtli l>v l.nkc TcniiicaminBiie (or Tcmagaiiii) to James' Bay, Ihc somlicrii swctp nf Ihidsmi Hay, In adition lo {\\,-s,.- rccogni/od rniiics nf travei.advatilaKc maybe taken of the ■inie" roads by wliicli Mipplica fnr liu. IhthIkt camps arc sent in. sn tint iher.^ -s less .l,f- fictdty in getting into the surveyed porti,.ii-< of thi^ district liian in many mhcr plans in Oimafe The ctiiiiaie is ni.idi the same as in parK nf N'orihern Ontario, cnkl in \\ bni with warm d;iys and eunl niK'ii sinnnicr. Towards liic end of Ajni hind is ready for wnrkiiiR. The naviu nf ilK'se inland waters opens aljoiii lln week in May— the reasons varyitiji in rcsprci-and floscs in the latter yia \..venilHT, In those lown^liips near.- I.I her inter. the province. At the northern eiii[ of l.:,\i- Teniiscaniiniiue there is a large area f.r aEricnltTiral land ripm i,, soillcment. The ■ I is a NtronR .-lay rieli in phosplinric acid and potash. Tin- limher in this part is chiefly balsam and spruce and very ihiek Tlii.s reftion will ln-come otie nf ilie chief sonrces of snpply fur the pulp mills on the Ottawa river. In mher tieielihorhoods there is pine and cedar, besides sprnee. cedar, and a litlle i>ak and lilaek ash. On the river Blanche there are s .me large tracts nf level clay land which having been burned over cnidd now he casilv cnltivated. At the present mnmeni these have not been put on the market, thongh doublless iIk-v will soon be so. l.'l^'-. which will nalitrally be lirs, selected, the cotrniry is Ren" Ihf ridgi-s riMliIr, 1,1 „k aiKl ydl ItT K"'>il, .in.i 111.- Jurye^ffrf Townships '" 'In- ,l,„na rh.- «„v.t„; ari.l .ill .,f il.nn lun,-; „u. -rt ; ■ ■„ ||i ■' ■';''''"■'' '"■"'"'■^ "' '■'"■ii,hi|,s, luit ;.n ' iTiiiJuliiin Miilrr liaviiiK a pnftToiioc fnr Camp Desbarats. lake shore, or „l,erc ll„, , m he ,l,i|,pe,l by ra.hvay. I„ ,!„. |„„.cr levels, aspen h-,|. sam. spr.ice. lamarac, eejar are f..„n,l ihe sale of whieh and of hark is a snhslanlial help lo the new seltler. I., many place, Ihe W.IJ Brasses g,.„, ahnn.lan.ly. provi,li„B hay for Ihe wimer fee.Iin,; „f ,|„. li,„jn.,| amoinit of slix-k a heni.jninK seltler on if ford. And there is Kcnerally sonte 'ir.ieis near hy of partially open co.intry where good KrajinE is ohtainahle. It wonl,| l,e a mistake lo despise the rockv ridces he'- yond Ihe narrow strip of hnrni conniry. for when Ihe heavier timher is cm off and s.ihl they remain, if properly dealt with, a per ennial field for fuel, while al Ihe san.e linie .iny particular kind of soil „r ,i„,a,i„„ ,, r.-Kards timber and llowii.K water mnst make -onie exa...i..ati,,n for himself nnless he IS conteni to take the snrveyors' descrip- .."..s. In tin, district there are several kind, of soil. liKhi and heavy, many streams and lakes, and Bei.erally snth variety lliat dif- feniiK tast,, in these matters can withoni much diDicilty !„. gratified. From Killar ..e.v. at Ihe eastern e»tren.ity of AlEomas shor,.^ to the Sanll St. Marie (nsnally call- .d The Soo-1 .,t i|,p extreme west, there are several harlmiirs and small selllemems, "here all things necessary lo a settler can he ohtained, and the whole of these ranje, lie helween two h„es of railway ; the Can- NKW ONTAUli) i:iti IVific ruilu^iy'i main line to ^U< nil of ihcm, .111(1 tlio Saiilt Si M»nc lini minii almiK llir »hi ilu- nnrih nf ili. HI liiif. l,i.«.'V.T. liif IwiKlii , f l.niil ,..■ «. rhc waler* on tin- ihtiIi ..t' it tl-mitii " James' Ray, itu.sf ,..1 Hi.' ...ii h fiill lni'.M'* thriinnh Ihcti- Inrki ilian ihrongh tlu* Siu/ canal. The cminlry in tin- imnwdiaie vi.iiiiiy uf ilii-t ,„.itH i- 111.I iiilapii-.I to auri I'liltiirr. tint tli.Tf IS Kf'i'l p'lUdlial wvallli 111 ilu' i|i|...sit» .if mineral, and the produce m( ilif r.irvsi 1 111- Miilcttiini at Sault Sn" Mane. « hii h a (vw year, aK>> i-.n^istcd uf .1 Hml-n.i May irailinR I'om an.l thr dwi-ll- iTiti* nf ..„uv li.-M.r.T.Is aiiil hi.liaiK ^Mlll inio i,aki' Huron, Tin- princiiiril pnim |„ the district of AlRoma is Sanli Si. Marie, which rcfiLiircs special mention froni ihe im- portance which it has recently as^iiineil and its proliahle future. Sautt Ste. Marie The rapids nf Si Mary is the outlet ol the waters of Lake Superior via ihe St Mary's river into Lake Huron. The rapid? arc, for navipation. divided by two canals nf 21 and 30 feet respectively, one nn the American side and the nther nn the Can- adian side. ,-\ larger tonnaRC anruially >niall hut tliiiirishiiiK ii.wti that i)romises hecMjiii- an important iiianiifacturinK itre. Tlic valuahlc water power fiirnish- hy the rapids, the railway facili- ties, and the accessibility of the town I" the lake vessels and smaller ocean RoinR ships, loprether with ilie natural we.'.lih that is at hand, lun *nco,iraKcd cap- italists 1(1 emhark on enterprises of great iinporcmcf and powers of expansion. 7^e Qtrgue Syndicate In tSiij a syndicate of capitalists sclccieir Sanli Sto. Marie and the resources of Al- Ronia as a field for thcit operations. They Tiii:ii.j:Ki;rr.- s\miic.\tj-, ...inimim.l l,j ,.|il,,tK„i« Mi.' ».,i,.r |,n„,r I" a cai.ii.ny of ..„,„„ |„„„. ,„,„„ .,„,| 111. II cnclnl a l,,rKc |.iil|i i„||| Tlii. «.i, ("N.i»,,l l,y 111,. ,.r,.cli.,ii ,,( |,|.,„,, I,, |,„,. ■Iiici- III.- iiLTi- lirii,|i,,| dumical |.i «|i„|, ''■J '■•''<■■■ -"'I 'I'll ,.f a nick, I mm,- «iil, fiirlh.T .liv.li. 1,1111 Ml,, and lln- ,riili,,„ ,,f iiiaililiu »,,ik,. i.iul „, ,„„. ,|„„n |„,|i„K |„ an„.li,.r imlil ii „a, ,|,.|,.„„i,„ ,.„al,l„|, .1 Vfry lam.' *l.,l H,,rk«. nip mils 'I'ln- l„il|. niiil, il„. ill, |„„.„ ,„ ||„, »,,rl.l and art i:i|,al,l,. ,if m,-,,,,,,, ,„ii , „, l„„j ,,( dry |nil|, ,1a, ly, Tl„-y ,-...i „|„.ri ("niplptcd a}„i„t $3.nao.noti a„i| tj,i- yaiiital inynlyyd in il„. „.y,.,a| ,i„,|,.„„ki„|„ am,,ui,t^ I,, li.ivv,-,-,, (XI ai„l 7,1 i,,,!],.,,, dol- lars. Thy mill. yn,|,l,,y 5,,, ni,i,, liysi,l,'s lll,.«e in Ihe »„„d» cnnaBcd in Reliinii out pnip wo,,d and ll„- pi, 1,1 |,r,„|„,-,.d „,„., „„,, all Ihy inarkcls ,.f ,1,,. n,,r],l, Tliyry will 1„- a lars,- addilimi ,., ,l,c fnr,-,- ,.l „„„ ,.,„, pinycd as soon as the nickel-slttl works air.ird. wr Coorf Lxjiitlii ,\lll,i.„Kll innicti npt-ralions. Nrai Railiitiy In connycliiin wiili ilicsc w,.rk% iliy c,„,. slrnili„n of a railway is in liand ,.p.„,nB up ntw fiiifsls and niini-ral ,l(i,i,„is li is calli-d llif AlK.ina C-nlral Railway aii.l will 1,111 from Sank Sly, .Mariy to llii- Micl,il,ic,,iyn mining distnct a,i,l iIu-ik-, nonl, t,, ,1,0 main |i„,. „f ||„. Canailian I'acilic Railway, willi a possilik- yxlynsioii to Hndsnn's Ray. .■\ p.irtinn of tl,is li,,,. .s alicady in opyrali,.,,. Tliy lint ri-,ili ,,f this will be to connoct M.iiint IKI,,, „., u miles from Mifhipicun l,a,|,,„,, „„ .i,,! northca-il shore of I.akc Superior, with the works at the Sanll. and 10 funlier open up Ihe immense foreMs of pulp w..o,l lo the north. The Mourn Helen mine i, estim- ated to contain ,10 millions of tons of red hamalyie yielding from (5o to (Vi per cent, of pure Bessemer iron ore. Where one laiRc enterprise is successfully cslahlisheil others arc sure to follow, and the town of Sault Sic. Marie has already ahoiit 6,500 inhabilanis and is steadily increasing. This town, therefore. Rives an openinR for farniinp opera- -s to supply ils wants, and «r,:il d,-,,l of 1,01,1 ah„,B ihe .,rj f,„ „,„„, .„„.,, ,„. ,|„;,,,,,^ ■iMil .\..rIl„Tn. Tlu- l,„„| al,,„„ , |,;,^; "' '■''"■ ^"'•""■' " l.'.,k,.„ .■„„| ,.,1,, „„| m.l iiini-li .iBruiillMnil l.„„| i, ,„ |„, ,•,„, . in Ih., ,li„vlio„, 1„„ iluT.. „r,. ,„|„r l,,,.,|, Ins i'..lll;iiniin; K 1 hltlcl ;irii| |„,i,iy ,„^ ,,n ajT.'s fnr sciil.TiiLni \l r i ■-,„«, havol™, .,|r,.;„K <„,„,,.„ „„?/,„„ „'l',„',; '''' ""•"■ y< <" !»■ "lull,. I ' '"' ^'^Tv iimcli ill III..,,. ,||r T'<' "IWi.il ,l,.,..n,,i ' ' l"iMlili..> til,. ,„l ,, ,,,! '•"•"^ ' '■ KT M.nii.ii, ,,,1,,,. |,,„„ and l.l.ifk l„,.,i„ „,. ,1,,. ,,|.,.,.|,i|j„„ ;.|,.,^,|^. liTisli.-,. Til,. |„ir„,„ iiiiiiir,. ,f,||,. , ,'„| r"K,.lli,.r ,.1111 ihc iii„lii|..,|i,,g f,...„|,r,., „, the cniin.ry. „„d„ draining unnecessary '■<,-i'plin|! in l..,v lyine |,l,„.,.,. (Jrayol „ -veil as mk. is found i„ ,i„. ,|,||j„ ' j^ nan, Ihe cunlry has hten I,, „ g,„, ^^ tent cleared liy lire, occasionally of recent dati: and elscvhere at lime, sufficiently re- mote lo haee pcrniined a second jrowlh mile Tlie ,„ 'i"K liiiiKiT inclilje, -l.ni,,, |,„|,|,,r. „||,|,. |,|„,. j^^.|. , ■""arae and l.ircl, H |,ere ,|,e ,-,„., h,y.: 1 ii'e'i'r, |""'| '!"■ ,'"'""'' "■" "■"'■"■'.' -'""I' ! :"' ■',"■' ""■ '••■"■I lias l,e,..„„e c„ver„l » II ye ell,., and |,i„,, g,,„ „,.,, ^^^^^^^ ;:,:''?■ '""' '■':"" »- -" "-""nted for B :m„ ■ri:/'"' "" '""''^ '-^'" "I. an.:, „'•„;;;; ™;"„'f; -' ,. , 'ri'i win sIfKked yvnh I. .... „a„.r ,-a„ l,e ol„ai,„.,, „, , -I"T1 li-la,i,.el,el,,w,|,e,„r,„.j. J,'"""',"'" V""' ""■ '■'""■■'"■ ■» -"'I- -"ally. „|||, „ ,,ir ,„„„„„, ,,, ,'"■■, ■" ^" ^-'''''Ji-' kn,„y. i, „„„ ■ "'*■ ■■■:"', '<"-'■''■'' than i„,ermi.le,i, ■■i«... and Uie iire-eiice of s„ffieie„, sno,y •'" "'Ivanlaa,. wliiel, Iniiiln-rers in .on,e nans of ilie e.,iiiiii,.,|, „.o„r.,M 'n "nni, en,.,. 1,. . "'""'■'"y "Hard Willi n-J It lerniinales lal,o„r i„ .he fi,,d, „„_ the spring, leaci,,, oni, „,„ „,„^ , allcndeil „ and enal.I , ,|ie seiiler lo ac C'ncT" '^-^Vlhiiig snil^d ,0 ,!ic i^nmate snch as grain, roots of all kinds vegetahle,, raspberries. slra,eUr,i„ ™ 48 NKW ONTARIO. berrii'S. currants, m,.w liixnriaiiily, .-iikI in some jKirts ilu'rc jirt licavy crops KniwiiiK wild of tilinlicrrits. fur which ihcre is a steady markot in eastern towns. I'Inwins Itcuins in April and llie grnin Rruws rapiillv in tlic steady warmth nf ihe summer. Markets T(i market liis prodncc a settler sliunM in takitiR np land cnnsider ihc iiiiims .n miles farther west. almiK ihe shnre erved hy two lines of railway— the Cana- dian Pacific and the Canadian Northern— besides sieamhnats that ply between Lake Superior and the cities of the more eastern lakes. Tlie Canadian Pacific has a regular line of ^loamboals minima between Owen Tbnnder Bay and Cape which he can ship hy railway or by boat, where he can sell for local consmnplion and rcKardinK the bearing of these circinn stances delerniine what kind of work he will at first cnRaRe in. Chief l^eywns The two prineijial conimerciai points of Ihis di-^lrict are both in Thimder H;iy ; Ihe town of Port Arlhitr and the town of Fort William, on the Kamanistiqnia river, a few Somid. on the GeorRian Bay, and Port Ar- ihnr and Fori William. The Northern NaviKalion Company and other owners run boats from several American ports carry- iiiK passenners, ihoiiRh more Renerally used for carrying Rrain, so that in one way and the other there is the most ample facility of transport serving this district. There is some rivalry between these two towns, thongh that i« of little importance to the sclller. Near Fori Willi;,, Fort WUliam fiTl William is al ,,ro«„i ||,.. d,i,.( |,,.,|„ point hav,„B ihrt,. mnB„i/icc„l elcvi,u,rs '>■■;> l-y .I,e Cnadia,, Pacific Railwav cv PalJc- of l,oId,„|{ aboul f,,ooo.ooo l,,,,!,!!, „( wheal a„dbd„s a divisional poi„l„(,|,a, load has also il„. advanlagc of ll„. com i-any's workshops with ,l,c local Iradc ari«- "HK llicrcfrom. The Kakahcka Falls-he, wc™ Iwenlv and Ihiny .mlcs „p ,|,c Ka,„a„isti,,„ia Hver- hav,„B a descem o( over a h„n,lrod feel »iin a hreadlh o( al»i,„ 150 feel consii' lilies a magnificcnl waler power thai in cniirse of lime will „.i,|,o„i doilbl be nlil- ized Some surveys have already been made with ibis ohjeci in view. The vidlcy of ibe Kamanisliqnia ivesl- ward of Fori William, comain, more ihan en ll,o„sa„d acres of very ferlile alluvial land from which ihe limber has been re moved and which is now well adapled for culler Slock or Rrain. Sonic porlion of i, ha, been sellled and here il bas been found Ihal no oilier part of ibe province raises finer trasses for st,u-l- 1 , ' ""^ ^"f'-' '" a larger root "op. It „ particularly adaple,. for Rani™ farms lor the produce of which there is ,„ increasinR demand There is another Irac! o( good agricil. inral land west of niack Bay, i, e.. alv,,,, 40 niiles eiislward .,1 Port Arthur. Consider aWc settlement in this l,a, |.,l-,.„ „, the towtiship of Oorioi, . , J ; ,' ,f "" '" *" "« c Canadian Padt^: R i^:;:^; --"C:"ri,'!:""'"---™ maneiit conditions "•"™"nts of per. Port Arthur lbeter,mn„sof,hepro.iectedThumlcrR ?^^;:;/::a-~„r S"P",or and thus practically wi I t'idal «-.er.s„,ce„cea„g„i„„„,J,„„.';'; oMierst;":','"''' '" '" '""""-'' "•■"'■■•■'■'y " , "' "'." '"«" "" "lion Ibe contemplat- ;^U-orgian Bay canal (with a depth o"; l'«l has been opened. Mr. D. R B„rt. „ • "" Ariliur. lias nude a stii.lv . i ii i ;•■«. tri,-,illi,ral )a„J „,j „,„„. ,„„|,_,/! try h.T>. „,d ,l,c.r>- l,„r„, ,„„ |„ ,|,„"',"';, scon a„d Iask„.k„Ka„ riv.T< llu-r,. are m|, ;"":": ■■'"'' '«"™' .1— ,«m„s a„.i ;, : ! «-J •■«•"■, " - large „„„„i,y „, ,i„,|,„ On II,epr„,ec.eJli„c„f,|,i, r„a,l;„,d,r,l, >""ry ennnlry. E"ld. silver, „,,,,„.■ ,inr ■-'-I. eobnU. ar,e„ie nrannn, ',!d „,, l' deneni have In-en traced Tl.e Albany river is fi.ed as ,l,e road's ""'""' '""iinii., and lliis .ir,,un drain, an area '■\ aluiLU rj.ooo.ooo aeri- I'ORT ARTIUR. 5' - ™>;:ri:^;:',;;::,;;:;tr :;;;;;f;r:;,::;;-:;;--.;;, «"IH asll. Willi „„ clinkers I, ml Kra Lake Nipegon Tliis large and lieamifiil lak,. I,a, ie,,,.ir "' '■' «"■»' '■epnlaii,,,,. l„„ (, ,,.„ ,, , ;;■''""■" '"'. ' • ««l"n«. Tlie Hudson Hay Company s p„si ,liere lias. I,„„ever di- "loiislraleil lliai il,e eleared lands ran W eoiiverled inl„ prodiiclive fields C.iini De 1-onde. „li., l„d ,,,„ ,„, „„.„^, J ' '""•'■■■ "< ""■ " n ('■ pns,. said iliai. i arm and garden had never been injured l,v fnisl, and lliat e„rn and lonialix-s had d" »-lys ripened willi ihem An American expert says of ,l,e i ..k,. Nipegon region : ■■ The connlry is a «ry Jo iraMe one for sellers, for i,s splendid ■'"'"■ '"'"' "' ''"'''<■'■ l"""- nnnilier of good waier powers, iis splendid lakes and "."■"■ f" ""'I*''! "illl fish. Kanie of all l_i..d,, lieainifnl and heallhy climate. an,l the ready cash market at hand for it, „ro ...cts^ .,_nd the large deposits o, mineral Mr VViHiani OniKlcv wriir* ■ ■■ c J'-' •\,'>"-.i..l-. n " "' "lonil 1 n Co „,.,.,,,, , ".•■••■inile dealers, of Brmdo,,' ''""' !■"'■ poii.siici si, ,,;'"■ """- - ■ I -"111., and one „, "^'■"■"' »""1''- ■< ■".■ of dilTerint^^dt "■",1 '^"r "■"■"•• polish well Tl, , • ''"■" ""'1 ^"Ncrior ,„ I ' "'"I'"'- •■'"•l. 1 l.«liev. . Verin,,n, -1 T ''"'■''"'' i"'l'"">-""-■ tin.- grades -, >ii,(i-|, i-raniri- mtr firm j,„ ►■'■"les -I ,,■'■'"■■'■ ■■""' ■■'<'- le ,- „„,„ , '■■""- a greiier ''''""'""' '-■ontinem ce, r::--f-;;;:iCo::z;;:; "•• nding settler, wi 1 ,„ , "^"r"" • ;;; » -ll-vay will sho'ly":,, :™t'n - mnneanon with ,.„r, Zn.r Z l'. the ,. ;' , ,"■":"■ "" '"'"» world and '"'" '« this connection i, niav 1„. r' "l::^" -"™™' -""/"ceo,:: , "" '""<'•' roncernnig ihe good f,,r """ "'■■" »"<-'"l' Hie early bird The ,w„ towns „, ,,„„ ,^ ".".an, are necessarily of great Jin ■e-«.lers in their district. Lt:°|es,r .,.-■,'; ,?.7"'"'"'i™ "•.-.l. .ho gcne;al rk, s^hese places consnme a great man- ■ ' "■"' ••""' l.".v »nd >eill do so for NKW l i.iIut fiTlllu •an I.,- aoiu.ricl from il.c u,,v,rinmiH -r. Iran-; noi v.i inv.sliKaliil Th.ri' arr ralar ^I'l"-"''"' -^ anil lanurac swainii~. iIr. linil.vr n> »ln,l, i> valiialil.'. anil ill,- lan.l la-ilv ilra.n,.,l, a- il i~ coi„i,|iTahly liiBlivr ilian ill.- riv,-r l.-v.-j Tlu- ricli nro{u>ion of nalivo ijnnvlli wlur.- tin- has na>si-'J allows (In- ((iiality of iIr- Soini- i-\pt-rl K-stininnv is lonnil in tin- re lion nia.U- lo (iu- Ontario Cov.-nnm-iil In Rainy River District Tin, ,li.i™-i. nlia-li h, , lo Tlniiali-r Hay. i- ilu- ,-M,,„„- \ F; rni \it\y Near iIk- Kamanistiquia. liim nf Otiiiui... \U\ ■ni it - t V |>n viiitf ..f ManimlKi. T!u- ik nit 1- t ik, 1 I'mi Riiiny Lake and riwr « 1 it'll ( In- tario from ilic -i.-ki' Miriiii ■-■■Iji, Tlif area of thf divi-mn ^ ; lollt J J miles, or ahoiit fimri ■I'TI rnii ii>i at re . i.nt there is a Rri:it difftT ■MC ■ Ik- Wt ■n tin st'v- fral pans of tin- .listr L-l, Til t\ .) prir ciiial divisinnfi in wliich '^t r!. at iiR-'icnt takiinr !>laa- art- tlu- R. niv Ri vi- \- dK'v. :inil tlie Waliicfoii d vi- nti. 7)ie Rainy River Valley This is for piiridy agricidinral i»nr|io-.fs unexcelled hy any ntlicr pari of Xcw On- lario. On the north or Canadian side ihe land for some .li'ilanee from the river is a very feriilc allnvial «'iil varvinu from clay lo sandy loam, easily worked and very pm- dnclivp. Tl is good near the river hanks and heller as ii recedes from thetn. ibontrh at the hack here nnd there slone is found. Townships comprising ahnnt fioo,ooo acres Mr, n, Anderstm. who .va> eniplm.,! to exanuiie (his valley. After giving ihe re -nil of hi- own exaniinaii.in?. iie -ay- ■ Wr. !.. Arch. Reid. a very wnrihv rami er, who has been lierc a nmiiher of VLar> and now has ihc salisfaciiun of sein^ lii> laiuiiy setilinK around him say- : "' Mv .■r.i[i- iiave heen R-xid ; Ihey would aver;i|^'e wheal jj l.iishels. oats 45 bushel-, peas ^Q bn-hel- 10 Ihe acre. Hay is alway- a heavy ero|); native Indian corn gives Rond re- turns; potatoes always do well, and so do inrnii.s." Mr. Williams. Fori Frances, says; ■'1 have a qnarier of an acre carden patch. Sold !i"-t vear S140 worth of veRctahles— one cabbage weighed .i; p.Minds I had in my store window last fall a pumpkin thai weitthed 100 pounds, and a squash that weiRhed 123 p.tnnds, ("ihev were both rais- ed hy Mr, John I.initan and have grown radishes and letlucc in Ihe open air on the 10th of Alay." Mr. William Phalr also hears lestimony to ihe extraordinary pro- dncliveness of the soil, he -ays : "Produced Tin; RAINY HH |.;r , 49 litliilii'Ls i.f Fif,. ., I,.,.,, . in Jim.', s.cc.nd r ;, ? ' '"." ""I' '"< W.ncT:,„d f ' , ,, " ""^ <;:"" I inud- TimSei Uk w.".T:,„d,;,„v,j;i,:,»;;;;';,;;|™.nn,v nch, |.r,i,l,„.,|>.,. ,.| '"' ""1 1- .. Mni, ,. and 7VvM„,, .:"■'' ■■tu '''T'"' '■"•'' Kl- n/ ,r, An e,saniiii;itiiin At Lake of do immrnsr. From what I ""» > :V i o,;"ri"'":','7"''' "■■" '■;' "'' P'"vi„; "f ■""'"T .-111.1 111', ly .1 l.irKi. iniiii : :''; '"',1'. ■"'J '"^nii.. •«:tU; l.,r iiii.oli „f ,|„ bir ..f ,ii,.ii ,,||,| nra. *, I"- -i.id llHir !i„r,,, ,. c L I,' - ■'"" :i';;L!"Z'7\ -., tL",:;;i;:;*^:^;^ i-^i™:,' ifr'^^;,'"^"=^'-i""^ From ilicii,!;,™ ''",';,'" "."• «'"mbo.,„. n.'iil into til I . . "■ '"'""■fr scciI.ts 1-1 so/a ^;;;;,''Sr:s„"Jj;:'^,t:^;^:" ll'-eis„„,,i.ei;'^VS:cS'^C'8r"l M .m:u I tsr\Hn .Mint. ;iii(i whili- this tiaiuf pri.,liuf iv riMis iiri.lilalily dr.irnl ,,|Y. ilu- land i, I,.ii,k ln.li.Lriii for f;ir n On llif i.iIht Innhl ili>' linnl,,.r n.>.f.,;,ry l..r :i si-iiI.t iillnr I-, hnuli Ins !,.« I,.,„.r nr m l.nilj „ frnnK' .,ni' >s nol hlRli pniH'il K.niKll InniU-r inst> ;m 111.' mill, fr.ini J; i,, $i„, ,|r,-„v,l liiinl.,r frnni Jil, 111 $..,., ;iii,| |,„n. ,|,|„„1,., j., ,, Climdle Til.- 11.1111, U;„„v Kiv.T „ |i,,| iii,1k;,„„. "1 III. rliiiLiU- 1( ii Iwi.l In ,i„.,l I,, |„. i.iiiiiiiB «li,ii IlK- liil... „.,, hr.l ili-oiviriil l.y -mil.' v.iyau.'iir iliiii „,nilj !i im- l.r.n i|nilf MilVniiiit, a, nanus an- civin in the W.sl. 11. ivarranl iK l.cini! .-all..,! K.iim I.akt, ana ii.-.-.,.arily Ilu- riv.-r l1i.„iiiK fr..m ii ni.nM !..■ .■alk.l Uamv liu.r Tii.' .linial.' K.nirally i- niiu-li liki- Hi.- .iiiiiiii-. .a-I i.r' ii. a iilll.' .■.il.l.T anrt .]i.,t lliaii lliai .i|" 1)1.1 llnlarii, Wli.ii ilu- -m.n falls ii r.- mams iiniil -iiniii; anil tin' wiiii.r is ,|r ami lira.'inc ami ill.' -iiinm.r is s.illi.'i.MiK ..aim ami I. inn in riii.n .'.irii. iii.l,',,. an.l Mnialii.s ■rii.r,' ai.' in. siinim.r f,"-|. ami nil ilrmichls ■Y ll,,' „',.,'i|„ry lias „.„ y,,, 1,„.„ ,'„||,. .'\|iliiml n IS aliim.'ilnr liUly iliat a, [h'v •; P '• "I'™'-;! I'll "lli.r ar.as «ill 1„. I..iiml 1.1 ll.' ,',|iially .v.ll a.la|il,'.l (..r full, .aimii, as ill,' Kaiiiy Ku'.'r \'a|U'y ami ili,. \\ aluKiiiin .'.iiiiilry. I'r.il.al.ly ili.' allrayi ivi'n.ss „f ilu' Uaim- nv.'r „a. lirsi f.li l,y n,,- „„■„ ,,[ ,1„, \v.il liaiis. m I'Vi. fur in s|,i„' ,,f u,,. 'm.„.K. J,'' .inirial iirairii's iii.n l.'gai aki' n|i laml "M Kaiin ru.r in i,<;,. i , . .Iim-ily afi,i .1 ir.aly mili th,' Imlians iH'rinill.'.l syttl.' hin'ivim-.""" ''"'li"'!-''" 'l^'y"l»"' '^' Alberton, Fort Frances Tlii, ii.isi lia- Ki,..|i ,i|a.'i' I,, a ilinyma li.wii lall.'.l .Mlu'riiin. oHi.'ialK, |,a,iii„ s.-, .ral li.ii.'ls. sh.r.'s. s.'l„„,l,, anil I'liiirclii's. i.f •'" il.ii..iiiiiiaiii.ns Kriiin ii an- sn|i|.li.',l -•aniji- Sifininff Ti> .|ii"i.' ..Ili.ial lain-aaii.' mi ihi, -iilii..,-| anil Ih.r.l.y a.'.i.l ll. -s.. ..|„iniisii.' ami in.i imfr.'.iiii'iiilv ma.-.'iirai,- siai.'ni.'iiis iliai smiK'tniu's fiml t-iri'itlalii.-i in ci.iiiiccti.,n mill miniiiB ; " Tin- iniiitral I'.si.m-.-.s uf iln- .li~'rii'i iiiilsi.l.' ..f Ml.. Kaniy Hiv.T Nall.'v. in.-lnil.' iIr' rii'li.'sl and iiii.st rcniiiiKralivL' g.il.l iiiiii.'- Ill 111.' iiriiviii.'.'. nlii.'li liavi' liivii ,1.. v,li.ii.',l ilnriiiB 111.' last fi.v y.'ar,. TIiv R.il.l litarinK vi'iiis ,,f iIh' dislrici arr ,if HM. kiti.ls— lu'dd.'d or knticiilar. and trn.' fissnr.' y.'iiis. Tile Inddid y.'ins .wcnr in Kr.'.n .■lilnrilt' and linnililcndic scliisi nf llnr'inian am-, and tlu- li-siir.' v.iiis in mas-.', .if .nip iii'i' iiraniU' .,r cn.i-s. „lii.'li liavi' |,iisli.'.l lli.ir w;iy ii[, tlir.iiiKli ill.' l.aiiri'inian r.i.'ks i.r lliri.iii.li 111.- lliir.mian lli.'m-i'lvi',. In cillicr tin- ri.li.'st v.'ins nr.' iisiiallv disi-.svir 111 witliiii a mil.' nr l.vn i.f th,' .-.mtat't .if .Tiii.tiv.' and scliist.,sc rn.'ks The larRcr lir.ipfirli.in nf Ihf nrc is fi.-.- tnillinjj, s.. that it can li.- r.-a,lily CKtractf.l l.v th.' stanniniK and anialEainalinn prncss givinir a niiick r.'tiirn f..r a .'nmparalivt'lv small mtllav nf capital. The iirincinnl ir.it.i miii- inp districts arc Lake nf the W Is, l,.nv.'r S.-inc, Unpcr Seine, Lake Maniinii and the New Kl.nulike, The l,aki- nf th,. W.i.i.ls .lislricl is Mint trilintary in Rat P.iriaee and is the scene nf the earliest nneratiniis f.ir fhc development nf cnld minimi in Rainy Rirer, "'■'^'li'"'r'i 1 Ah.. lit in nnlcs dmin li, in.'r ,-a llniir mill and a liiilc fni-ther snl .11 the villauc nf Km,, there ar,' Iwn siv mill-' a iiri-t mill and sev.ral -Inr.-s am >v..rksl„i|,, Th.re IS ani.lli.r yillaue in ili. .leiiiiiy call.'.l Harnick. and a urn,, inn .,1 lane at llniuliei'ville The Raiiu river I,', f'.nii.'.l a ttr.at natural liiRhnav ami ,mtl.' i.ir ill.' prn.hie.' nf ilie ilistrict t.i ilu' C P I.' at Kat I'nrtace, an.l tmw in ail.liti..ii tlier. 1, 111.' main liiu' .,f the Cana.iian N'nrllie,. ■ U nmipeir. mi the .v.'st. ami Pnrlli ,.\rtli'n ih. 1st Rat Portage k:\\ rcirl;iKc litis a i)0|iii|a(ioii nf 7,fHin ;tiii| i-i tlic |irini-ip:il c; trilm- 1;ir""' II. i** f'li tlic imiin lint- ..f tllc Can Ji'liaii T'ai-if^c RaiKvnv and iis sititalion (jives It .1 powrrfnl nnsilinn in dfaliny willi t!„. tra.lr <.( tlu- «iuil,. diMricl, In llic -.inini.T nnif llic n.TBM-nrinR island'^ in the lake arr larpi-lv occupied hy ppnplc frnm Wiiiiiin.-" nriil eUewlicrr, wlin cilhcr own mtlnccs nr i-.inieni tt'cnif^olvcs with camps. OripinaM* H wa*: a 5:niiiM nntlvinp post of llic Hiid ".Ti Hav C-mipany, Imt lIic gnU minine in the neiBlihorlinnd, tneotlicr with ilir Ittmher- ine, flmir ntillinc and rxpnrt tnide in fivli Miirc-eon rnc and licrrii-fi, has nir-flo it an ininnrtant nlace. TIip sturgeon roe. frnm wl'iefi eavnrc is made, exported from tliis t-nmt conMiliiles a very inrgc prnnnrtinn of tlie wlifilc \vorld*'i mipply. Tin- 'i^l'inc in- S6 NKW ONTARIO, (liistry ;il<>iiL' kim t t'tii{i]i>>tiu'iit i<> alHXii 500 nivri. Oni.' liuiibiT timipany, iliu DiUiirn) and Wisitrii l.'.imlK-r Cumpaiiy, own six saw and six planing mills in the neighbor- hiiod lliiit ib tributary to Kal TorlaKi'. an tl..iir mill is til.' larKvst m fana.l.i. ami ha- a iM|>aciiy .if 2.200 harnls jier day. Il inn 1..100 horse pnwcr. There are tvn cle- vatnrs in conneelinn with llie mill capahlc M holdinir alumt 7cio.cx» IhisIkK A larite dam has been bnilt here which will fnrnish water power fur many enterprises as time elapses. AmiiPKsI olher wi'rks is a rediictii>n works fnr separalinjr E'lld and silver f"r the nse of anv nnc having ore I" be treat- ed. The I.ako nf ihe Wnnds, nn which Kee watin and Rat Pnrl;iiie are s of ibe Rainv River Vallev. hnt have been sliehily modifici by special recn1.'",ions. The limit of a free erant is irto acres, but the m^le head of a fnmilv, or the sole fe- male head of a f^milv havine a child or children nnd'T eiuhieen residinr with him or her may locate rfio acres and mnv also purchase an additional 80 acres at $1 per acre See .\iipendit .^ Wabigoon In the centre of the Rainy River disirici IS a larRe tract of good land on the northern shore of WahiKiH.n Lake. In this aljr Io-.m' ,ii.nes in this ;.arl Wood 4flrf WAier The liiuber, which is larKely jack pine, has been burnt in some parts, leaving the Wiiod snilnble for fnet. The other wi«i wide, empties into ihe Wabigoon river, falling into Rainv Lake, This river passes ihrongh some of the newly surveyed town- ships. The lake is well stocked with fish The climate is mnch the same as that of the Rainy River Valley and the same grains and vegetables are successfully cnllivated Diyden \ear the lake is the village of Drvden on the Canadian Pacific Railway. A dam has been erected here to improve the navigation and a substantial water power has been developed, Tt is intended to erect a pidp mill at this spol. Several niinipK claims have been taken np in Van Home town- ship and some development work is going on The provincial government in tSq^ es- tablished a pioneer experimental farm at Prvden, the results nf which have cnconr- .'•"ed setllers to locate in that vicinity. Twelve miles to the southeast on the lake is the village of Wabigoon, near which there are considerable deposiis of mineral, some claims now being in nrocess nf devel- onment. The report of Mr. .Anderson be- fore refe-red to, sivs ; ".As the limber i< f.mall, and much of it dead, it is easily burn- ed and the land made ready for the nlow .■\ man and strong boy can In some places IB boys. clear rrp iinil Hiniii). ;„ f;,.[ nn ;, inn pl-w Ofu- ^ttll.r will, i.inu. fr,,,,, • Cniinty <>( V,,rk (lu- h;i, a lenaiir fa there) has a couple of good workini Mf ItK-alcJ in lilt- l<)wnshi|i cf l.i 1" Oxdrift station, arrivinii iilx.ni KiiininR ,y{ April last. He Martcil i^'plim on the iHth ot tin. same nir>iiih and hy il,o l.^lh of May had twcnly-five acres cleaned "P. plowed, and sown with wlu-at, oats '"**'?'i '"""''"*'■ ' *^* ■*' '*''' '''^" "" '''« 2H1I1 "f M;iy, he had planicd hi.t potatoes arnl •■"rn. and was pnparinjr tiis niniii) land I Rojtt/s And Market Tllr unl h.i nuics .if coli.iii/alK.n r.iatt-, on llu- p;iri «i till' siiilenit-m ami ilir s>iiK- Y'K.s liay add.d lo ll„v s„ ,|„ 'l.iiry pn.diu-., vtv . can U- hn.i.Khl ^yl Hirlioiil .liflii-iillv. Till- fai.adiii Hallway runs HiroiiKli ih,- M'tilrtn iioi only act"; as llii' carri.-r Inn aU. purcliaiiT of pr„diico (or th,- duiii elc, and Ihtrc is a >t(ady markii in laRi- ilM-lf f..r farm produce, lo >;i|., Iieririff and niiriinu •■am|is alH.ui the A Farm in New Ontario. luld tiie plow for a conple of rounds and liiid the satisfaction of knowiiiR that I turn- ed up Id the snminiT sun some of t!ic virRJn soil of the WabiRooii country. The land is not all quite so easily cleared as lliis. Iju five dollars nn acre will clear up and stump most of ihe laud in this settlement, with ihe exception of land along the creek hntioms. which is heavier limbered. To ^et ihc Iicst results tlie land should be plowed twici-. and thorouRhly cultivated previous to s.nv- ing the first crop." This neiKbborbood is thouRht to be jiar ticularly adapted to dairyiuR. n^ ibe Rrassos grow luxuriotisly and there is good sbelter for the c.title. : Ai)pen'li> For conditions of land tenn A. The townships thus far Mirvcyi open for settlement under the above ^,„,„,- 1.0ns comprise Aubrey, I-ton. Mekund, Rugby. Sandford. Sonihwortb. \;ui Morne. Wainwrighl and Zealand, The easiest way at present of reaching il'^ ■?=""^' .^"'" ^'•''"'■y ''" t»y the Canadian Pacific Railway to Rat Portage and from there by steamboat across ibe Lake of the "oods. In a short time the Cinadian \or- ihern will be m running .,rdcr from Port Arthtir freacbcd either by C. P. R. or bv l'o,-.t from any lake port) .md then settlers win have an ahernaiive route from Port west'"' "" '^^"'^ ^"'^ Winnipeg on the K,„.„ ,„c f,„..„„„, ,„„ ,„„.„,,,, llial rhr sweral ,.l,,..o,iv,. ,„, j^^ 'fiKlinx MItltr ;irv '" '" P"RTiii;Ni|.|ssrx,'i,isTHur ^^ Mallai,a-nn llu- C:,,,,,,,,,,,, ,.„.„,,. |,^^| ™*''"i»i'aiiiaptKiit Oil III,. I,. W lioat trr.m iMaclawa ' '" Ti'li^T.!!:,,;';:;;';! ' 'r- '^'^ Al thr.1. p.,1,,1, ,1,, i,„,„,|| I I'lii.vTs (ir i:xTm 7bm/i o/" £>j/rj) f'lR THK AI.CiM.v DISTRfiT Killarney-By il„. ,„-anil»,i,i, (,,„„ i .„ s™nd and „„,„ „„„„ ,„;";,,;;7;,v,;;,;;; FOR TllfN-DKR BAV DISTRRT Tliiiid,, |l.„a,id |:„ri \v |||,,„, '■"" '"'.'■"' (• !• U. "»'■" ■■< "I. (■ ■„„,„ ■■» Ihi- Aiii.rua On III, and liy 1,,,, („,„| Slati-^ .11 Mini. I '.". ,V""1 the WrMern ^^'-'-.u;.:''i;/;;;;:'fei,';:r':-' HAl.W R|\ KR DISTRICT liv .11 iir h.. • 1 f:'" '^'''•' I'"- "•li" r .• iu."d;:ir„^::';s, """""■" "■ "■■■ Rat rVirlai,.— On ,|i, ,„ | ,, Cana.liaii Pacific Railway ""' F"r. Francfs-lly liiiai' frni,, R,,, ^„„.^^^, Obtain Informition Bcf„r,. „a„i„, l.„ ,|„„ ,|,,|,„„i„ "". initndinii Mil cr« ,li„ii|,i ,„i, ' ' and cuacl enquiry fr„m 1,, JT" ''""' 11 ■^.".'' "n« "f ilcpaniirr ran I.- „1 ,i„ "'■':^;:td^iz,-;i,3r3 APPENDIX A %;<-/.W W^ the "Free Grants and Homesteads Act' cn™„,,ai^"U\-"V:f ;,.!;; '^: necessary ,„ W m,,,, ^ThT '„; "' On iH-in, pri„,erly !.„,„! w a o ,wn a free erant of loo acre< ( .1. „ ' '-loced „,„.„, nf-;"c"„„'H'eS,e'™„r,; "f riick. suamp or ,va- i-ii Iff jii.l mifr-.u- 111, t;,n,!, an.l \h i« rr-inir.,! N. (to M> mthin (tiie munih. S.'(tl.m.-ni amui „. r.n..w. mit»t I.. PIT (Hrimil hy :il| l.H-iilrt.i .intl piirch-iM-r- (i» \l lf.m rtfri-i-ii ntri* tM tx- ili-iirct .trul Ii.-kI irmliT riilriviinMn, ,.f M|ii,-|i twu ■HTf ^it U-asr arr m 1«- cl,;ir..l .iri-l .11! Mvnt.-.| i.iuiii.ilh .liiriMtc III.- fiu- vr.ir* (J> Tn l,;,vr liir.K a tK.t.iMM,-' li.msr. nl Ira-i fit l>v JO fi.i m ,i/,. ( O Ati.l tn liavc rohl.il aciiially ami i-..iuiriii..UH|y iitK.ii ,-,tid c.plnviite.l itir tan.l for hvf yc.ir^ aflfr t.H'aiion ami ilunce l.. t*'ii«- ff (lie [intiTt Th.. t.H-atr.-, h.Mvrv.r, ntr.y U<- .,l.*cnt fr-mi Ml.- Inml oh hii>iriioK ,,r at wrk f..r FTiiin- than »ii m<iir.-haM-.| Im at in." tM.iralmn ,>f tin- ii,tn- rcqiiirrd t.v law [iroviilcl he Iiai rliiriy a.-rto rt.-an-rr ii|i.ii> 111* lionu'strail. Thr pine lr«-fi and mini-ral* an- tim -.1.1 I" lh|- frrc iirant M-ttl.T. tun tli.> -•■uh-r ha-i Iho tirivili-Ri- of .■iniiiiir [,iru- ni tIh- foiiMr of clrarinR, aNn f,,r Iriilrlnii; |irinf rm in tin- conrx.' ,,( i-|,ar- inu he mii-t t.ay timUr dii.-^ upon j( On ihr 1-* If nf tlic nalem. th. iiilr lo ihr i>im- r.-nKu„. i,i ,1„- Crown, I.m i|,<. ,,,u-nlrr i, f-nniM 10 m-.nr nn<- third of t|». linilw-r 'aife of a hntn,.st.-ad i* in va Id. This do... not anrlv tn .jevi^ir hv will nor lo tran-ifor of hml for rhnrch cemcterv. nr «rliool pnriiosri nr ilio ritrlii rif >vav of railroaiU \firr III,. I, ,11,. ,,( ||„. ,,.,,,11, .Mi.t unhii. twttiiv vi-ar, from l.itaiioti, anv iiiiiv<-v.ini-i. iiiortKaKc i>r atirnatioti l.v a I.K.ir.... m>I| |„ invali.l tink.. u («- hy .Ind hi «huh hi« «if.- I, .itir of ihr granlof* iuk ,f ili,- w,f, 11 11 hinaiif, nr Iivihk apart fr.un li. r hn, hati.I for iwo vfiir*, nii'li-r »i,.h firciitn ,taii.'iii a« >li , fmtti ea-tcrii (liiinl-; In Canadian I'a.itu- lo North Bav, th.-nc,- t» I'.rand Trunk Railway In P.iwj.,^„i Mattawa AKencv.— Itonfield, r.iKin. Fer ri<. Mattawan, I'a]iiTi,','iii .'Vmm, Matiawa, Ont Th,' route frotn Toronto m Malta^^a i. hv the C.rand Trunk Raitwav tn North Bav tlKTce l.v Canadian Tacific ' St. Joseph Man.! \,-eticv,-St. Joseph I, lard, Airent. C.nri:.- M.imilton. Riihard"* l.andinir. Or;, The ronle i« ih.- ,a,iie a« lo Rnia- Mine- Saiitt Pie Mario A([encv — Korah. Parke, FVinre. Accnl. Wm. Turner. Saiilt Stc \rr>ri.-. On:. The rnnte U from Torotiln tn ColIinR- "ond. thcnre tn the Saiili hv Reamer nr from Toronto hv the C.rand Tnmk Riilwav tn North Bay, thoncc hy Canadian Pacific. LANDS FOR SAI.i; l-^M'SIN- AJ.r.OMA AMIMI'ISSINO OI'KX Flik SAI.i: "J Alr.Mi;,. ||„ |,„„|, ,„, ',,,1,1 ;,,,,''. cl, „,„.„( ,,] „,. I „,.„|,„,., ,„ „„ l-iii.i l»ir.lia..d („r ,|„,.,. ,„„ rr,.„, ,]. ,. r u,i„v»l,n„ ,„„l ,„,|, „, |,,,„ ,,„"„,,"", ....ir"' 'l", '"'"■■ r'iirilia>"'"•■ ii'».-.' ».««,,., . .', ,„,r',i ■" •,"•■/■ >'rv.,i (r ,„;„ .w;,r:',';;;;.s,„' ^' ^•"■-•■« HT 1 i.iiriiv. 1 ;irKiii-Mri, 'itinii "; -ly Slalion. Onl I"» Hi. nf „„. Oa„.„l,a„ P,,V;fi R I,v "' op'n for .ale ai s„ „,i . ..i, ' "' »" -c.a...^V,;:,;'tr&,i;:,':?;;;;:;| 10 I .Nn^a ha i ,'h,7r, '"•' ''"•■''-■■■I >»l''< iinlil il„. |„,T, ;„;;?„■'' 7',V"<-li Stiirffeiit. I'llk \.. . ^"rii,„r M, J-,, ^^''.'-v - - |-al,l,v,||. Sl.-m,,„F;,n, n,„ '' " f"'-' ■ ,ho »,ii i:.'!',, '■,„"'■ I""",";' '""1. ... ii" Ml.... A,. s:;..r^f';.,r:„i::r.„;;;,„;r:;,:r;;;|„;i: ::!! ::';=,;:,•;-■;;:::, ;v;r:-;: i-:;;,;;;:":;"':;..!;;:;;,™":;;;;;:.:' ;;■;•■ ";;;;' *,;7™'[';"'' ""■"''■'' ■■I''.r'...'lla',',l h'ai" ;;■"'; i!";--:.,;;'::^,,!,,;,;,;!,-' ',^n'. ';;' ,' '' '•' T'" '""'■ --""i "'■"'""- •ar-\ I'l .I..' liiir.lia.,T l.„ l,ii,l,|,„„ ,„,, Si.a,..,l, Riv.T Ab.-,..-, --Bal.|„in, ,|, 0,„ '"""■ ■ "■'••■-> hlal..in. Stiir«. .1.1 I-';,!!, \u,,,|,.. i.-i , rt II ""'."■AV I.AVr.s FOK PM,,,; ("f-^m^r'Ld'.r;:;;;,':*,;'"'^'''''''-'' ;"i,;;a'!r -' "•™''' "SJd'ir:;:ir„'; l.™ ■- d .; , ,r ■'■'^^'''''''''■■'''"^ '" I nirNrrn lirili-r t-urlif .-.n* .. ; i' ■ . I..... "r h.T ,„.,, U„ ''-"!'"" »■..!. ...av al... 1,1 ■' ,T. ' " ■■"''■'■■'■ »"•! a.$, taiT, ■"' "'■'""""1 "■••■I.Tr. Till. .oilli.n„.|„ ,||„|,., ,,„ , ' . . T.i l.av,. at l,.a„ fif,,,.,, .,„,.^ . -i:-: .^;:a:"!;;.":'rirvt,;;l,"!:;l' ■ i..a,,-,,an,,..„,iv,i,,H,,,,,,,,,,,;7,,\,;;;;i :"' i.-:.« ,7;: ''i;'",,l;7 v.',;"""''" ''■•■'"■■»• H> An.l in have aohiillv a... I ^T'lV";'',';:',' '""i? ■■":'* '•".''"■■■i'-'i t'i'."i'an'.i r liir.. M-ar. aftrr Incalln.i ■ ^ ''""■'■ "!'" n.ircha... a., a.l.lili.m.l o,, ■Tis niTtsf. M-,r|irri tlurr vr.-irs i-lnr fifr«,.„ .lal.- of „„rrha,c „;."', i/rf l" ,',',"" Ir.-.-. and mineral, are rijr,... t , <-io The !„„,„ „„;.',':„ 'a^Hi. .th" ,.!„,'■ ..n,her dnr. n„ nine .„ di,-!,".' ,,, ' T ™: rem„n,nwnstiil)s iirc mm niitii •ration iiiidor llii; Rainy Kuit I'riv and HiiiiicMtads Aci : I'lirran. At Hliic. WnriliinKtoii, ^■.■IK■^. rann'ii )ilkr. Pattiilln, M,.rli-v. S. -f M-tIw. Shcn^mn, Rosthery. B;ir\vit-k, I.a-li, nrtti, Mvvlin. Wimdvatt, ("m/iiT. ck. ni>bif. Kcni'i, lli-nu-i)i)(t. Bryce. Beatichanip. Arm -.in.np. Milliard. Brcthimr, hiRram. F.van tiirtl. Dark. Robillard. Sharp. Savard. 1,'h.tmlnTlain. Maricr, Facaud. Manjiii^. Illair. Opi'n fur Sctlkim-ni. — Biicke, ilyimmd. Hudson. Casey. Harris. ARcnt, John Arm >tr(iiig, 'I'li'^rnliie, Ont. \<,K\TS I'OR SAI.K AN1> l.r)(.'ATIO\ Op i,A\ns \Vm, CaTiiiibtH. R.iiny River P O,. nvi-ut frir tin- ts (if RiiSflicrv. Slicni.n.n, Tr.ii. Pallntln. M.>rl,-y. Dilk.-. NVlli-s. Him-. W'TiliinRHm. I'nrran and .Alwnod. Willi.Ttn Sicplicnsnn. Rid Porks P (). asfcnl for tlie lownsliins nf Barwick. l.ish. Avlswortli. Devlin. WnndvatI, Cm/irr. R<;\ ilii'k. ("arp<'nlrr and Doliii- K. A. Cliapman. Rat F'nriaKf. wlir, will fnrnisli inionrlinc ■iclilprs wiili ihc nttniUcr nf lot^ open for l.K-atinn, \VAmr,oo\ i.AXDS The land in tho Wabift ">n contury i. ■ pf i fir Siib- ai Sf ''fills ptT acre, nm- f.'urlb • linvn, and tlic balance in ihree cnnal an- nnnl instabnrnts at f> per rent,, snbioci lo the fnllowinc rondilinns : (t) Aclnal nsiib'nre on tlie land pnr- ebased for at leasi si\ months in fach nf tlie tbrer vi-nrs. or for two vears conlinn- o^islv. <2) riearintf and niriin" tmdcr cnltiva- tion lo nrr rent "f ilic land purchased. (3) Bnildina; a habitable house nf not less than l6x2.i feci The .Tmo'M'i r,f l.md i-ach anpHeant ntay nnrchase shall not exceed 160 acres : hnt !f the htad "f a faniilv. the apnlicant may nnrchpse 210 .'eres As son as the land has been f-llv laid for and all the conditions of setilenirnt have been fulfilled, the pur- chaser mav ob'.ain his patent. The Cro..,. Lands Aaent for this seeiion is A V Annis. Drv.len. Ont, TI-.MISr\MlN'r,TT, LANDS, At the head nf Lake Temiscaminsne townships have been surveyed and laid ont as follows : Townshins Snrveved — Lorraine. Bncke. Hudson. T>ymond. Harris. Casey. Harley. ti:rms of pcrchask The land in the five lasl-n.tmed townsliip- is open lo purchase by bona fide settlers al ihe price of tifiy cents per acre, one-half cisli and ilu- l)alance in i\nt yearly inslal- mems with interest, subject to the [ollow- iuy i-ondilinns : .\eiual ri>idiut--e upon the land purchased |.ir four yeai> from the date of purchase. ile:irinK and bavinft under cultivation and err renewed within four years from Ihe dat,- of such sale, or granted or renewed pr'.ir to the filing of the proof of the cnmpLtion nf the settlement duties in the Department of Crown Lauds, and such trees may be cut and removed from srich land tmdcr the authority of any such timber licenses, while lawfullv in force : but the purchaser at such sale, or those claiming under him, may cut and use such trees as may be necessary for the purpose nf building and fencing on the hnd so purchased, and may also cut and dispose nf all trees required tn be removed in actuillv clearing said land for cuhiva- tinn ; hut nn pine trees, except for the ncces- ■iarv bi'i'dinir and fcncine as aforesaid, shall bo c"t bevnnd the limit of such actual clcar- i'lff. before the issuing of the patent for such lands, and all i>ine trees so cut and disposed of ("except for the necessary building and fencing as aforesaidl. shall he suhtect to the nayment nf the snme dues as are at the time n^vable bv the holders nf licenses to cut timber nr sawlmrs. Pmvided, however, ihat this order shall nnt anpiv lo any land to be sold as mining land under " The Gcn- er.Tl Mining .Act of 1R60." and amendments therein. MIXK.KAI. r.AN[>S PRKSKKVATIOX ( H' l-i FROM FIRK. The rrijvinci:il I.cRisliiliirc Iin,>» taktn ■itcps to prevent for tlu- future the wa'.tc • if our furt'st rcsuiircis hy fin'. N'n nut: must srl lirf in the vvonds hitwciTi 1st April .md 1st \iivember except fur tlie |)ur|"i-e (if clfiiriiiR land, cnnkiup, ntxaiiiiuK warnitli i>r sriiiic i'ldiistria! piirpiisc !-!vi.rynuf -iet tiue tirt- tn-twcen tlinsc day«i f.ir tin- piirp.i-c nf clcariiic laiul* i«i tn lake every re;i-.in al.le care tliat the lire shall tiol eMeii.l iniM tlie hii*h. Kveryniie settiuK fire for any '■tiuT puriii.se i« to select a place iu ilie UfiBlitHirlni-id in wliicli tlierc !■* tlie siimH,.;! 'luantity