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Un des symboles suivants apparaTtra sur la derni*re image de cheque microfiche, selon le cas: le symbols — ► signifie "A SUIVRE ", le symbols V signifie "FIN ". Maps, plat.-, charts, etc., may be filmed at different rt. . ti(:i'^'.>n ratios. Those too large to be entirely incluo^'^ u one exposure are filmed beginning in the u, per ^eft hand corner, left to right and top to bottom. ,9s many frames as required. The following di.igrams illustrate the method: Les cartes, planches, tableaux, etc., peuvent Atre film*8 d des taux de reduction diff*rents. Lorsque le document est trop grand pour Atre reproduit en un seul clich*, il est film* A psrtir de i'engle sup*rieur gauche, de gauche * droite. et de haut en bas. en prenant le nombre d'images n*cessaire. Les diagrammes suivants illustrent la m*thode. 1 2 3 1 2 3 4 5 6 wfjjt^tfplUlilli.ii .1 i| I iwiii>t j , .. .j^. R B P O R T m "•^i^ mmot eou)>MD silver mines, 1 -.' .-?%:■ IN THE TOWNSHIP OP MARMORA, ONT. By Prop. E. J. CHAPMAN, Ph. D., &c. JUNl in, 1873. ^. moso{»A8 wssam. £' i.> -•>. -'i. ^i ' ,....-.-,.«r. «*-. *■*««»>.•»».■ "ffl««Fi il l I I 1 i fiii i «iii » *0 .1 41 (?•?. V :r3; w n!.4 KEPORT Off CATLING GOLD AND SILVER MINES, BY PEOFESSOR E. J. CnAPMAN. [Tlii.'^ Report is ilrawn up in condensed form under the followin}]; heads :— (1) Preliminary Iteinarks ; (2) Site and general de.scriptiun oJ" the Proitcrty ; (3) Mineral featureni ; (4) Result of As'iay.s ; (o) Buildings, Mining Plant, and Piled Ore, u[)on the property; (fi) Pro- posed i^ystem ot mining, and general conclusions.] (1) Preliminary Remarks. — Having received instructions from the Directors of the Gatlinq Gold and Silver Min- ing Company to examine their property in Marmora, now under development, and to furnish them with a brief report upon the same for pubUc information, I visited the ground on the 24th and 26th of last month, (May, 1873) and I have now the honor to present a condensed statement of the results of my observations and assays. This portion of the Company's property, I may premise, has been known to me for some years, and I have already expressed a high opinion of its value, in a published article on the mineral features of the surrounding district. I have made assays of its ores from time to time, and I have never failed to obtain from any sample as a minimum value, at least fifty dollars per ton, whilst from certain pieces of the ore, I have extracted an amount of gold equivalent to more than one hundred and thirty dollars per ton. Assays made in the United States and elsewhere have shewn results of a similar character. There can be no doubt therefore as to the fact, that an enormous amount of gold 2 must be locked up within the limits of the property. This will be rendered evident by reference more especially to cer- tain calculations given below. (2) Site and general description of the properly. — The actual property of the Gatlinq Gold and Silver Mining Company comprises altogether the following locations : — 1. A i)ortiou of Lot 9, in the Htli Coiicossion oI'Marindra. . .12.1 Acres 2. Tlie Wi'.st Iliiirof'l.ot 10, in the ytli dm. oI'MiuiiK.ni. . .100 Acres 3. Thc'Nortli Hull' of Lot :^1, in tlieCth Con. oI'Miinnora. .. 100 Acres 4. The North Half of Lot 2G, in the llth Con. (.f Mariuoni. CC. Acres 5. A portion of the West Hall of Lot 2'), in lOlh Con. Murninra I!') Acres 6. Tlie South Half of Lot 28, in the 'Jth Con. of Hnn^rerford 100 Acres The present Report refers solely to the first of the above locations, the only portion of the Company's property on which any attempts at systematic exploration and development have as yet been made. This location measures 605 feet from south to north, and nearly 1200 feet from east to west— the total area being 12^ acres. Although presenting a broken or undulating surface, it lies in the trough of a long valley, bounded on the east by the north and south range of the Red or Huckleberry Hills, and on the west by a lower but roughly parallel ridge. The essential gold-bearing belt of Marmora occupies in this district the undulating area lying between these ridges. A considerable amount of timber suitable for mining purposes and fuel occurs upon the property, and the eastern portion of the location is traversed throughout its entire length by the River Moira, an unfailing stream of water, averaging in width at the spot in question about 60 or 70 feet. West of the stream, the ground rises rapidly in a series of somewhat abrupt ridges, and it is principally along these, in a nearly north and south direction, that the gold bearing lodes occur. The location is connected with the village of Marmora, 4 miles distant, by a fair country road. From Marmora to Belleville — on the Grand Trunk Railway and the Bay of Quinte, communicating with Lake Ontario — the distance by T 8 first-clas8 road is 30 miles ; and to Stirling, 15 miles. From the latter, railway communication will very shortly exten*! to the front. A railroad and steamer have also been runnin*; for some time from IMairton, a short distance west of Mar- mora, to the town and port of Cobourg on Lake Ontario. (3) Mineral features. — The part of Marmora on which this location occurs, is occupied by a series of gneissoid, syen- itic, and other crystalline strata usually referred to the Lau- rentian Formation. These strata in the location under review have a general north and south strike, and their dip or under- lie is uniformly towards the west at an average angle of about 40^ . They are intcrstratified in several places with remark- able bands or lodes of auriferous mispickel, associated princi- pally with (quartz, but containing also in places small (juanti- ties of cubical pyrites, mica, calcite, magnetic iron oxide, and other substances. In addition to small strings and so-called feeders of ore, four distinct bands of workable dimensions have been traced entirely across the location from north to south, or throughout a distance of 50;") feet. Although run- ning parallel with the stratification, the bands have all the characters of regular veins, and they may practically be regarded as such. No. 1. — The east lode, or that nearest the river — as regards present development, is the principal of these veins. I pro- pose, in this Report, to call it the '' Gatling vein." It pre- sents at the surface a width of a few feet only, but widens rapidly on descending. A large shaft has been sunk upon it to a depth of about 90 feet, and other openings, one of about 20 feet in depth, have been made upon it in other places. At the period of ray late visit, the principal shaft was partially filled with water (mostly from the surface) , but I was informed that at its lower part, it shewed a width of over 20 feet. When I examined it on a former occasion, at a depth of about 60 feet from the surface, it exhibited an evi- dentlj increasing width of 16 feet. It consists essentially of a (juartz ^angue, carrying large t|uantilies of solid and crystal- lized mispickel, with scales of mica, and here and there some layers of talcose slate, especially along the hanging wall ; and it presents constantly good shews of free gold. The greater part of the gold which it contains is ahsorhed, however, in the mispickel, and thus requires a somewhat more elahorate pro- cess than mere amalgamation for its extraction. From the numerous trials that I havo mode, I do not think that any portion of the pure mispickel contains much less than 100 dollars' worth of gold to the ton, and a great deal more is present in many portions of it. The mixed ore in its crude or undressed state will necessarily shew a lower yield ; but, as already stated, in fairly chosen samples I have never found less per ton than fifty dollars' worth of gold. The gold is alloyed with a small amount of silver, but the fineness is never reduced by this bclov; 22 carats. A thin string or narrow band of ore runs along the hanging side of this vein, at a dis- tance of a few feet to the west, the two uniting a short distance south of the location on the property of General Tuttle. No. 2 vein has been tested yiith regard to its extension, &c., by shallow excavations in various parts of its course, but apart from this it roniainf, at present undeveloped. It presents, however, the same surface features as the Gatling vein. No. 3 is also of the same general character, as regards surface conditions and nature of ore, but a shaft has been sunk upon it to a depth of 22 feet. At this depth, the width 13 somewhat over tlireo feet. No. 4, the west vein, I purpose in this Report to call the " O'Neilvein," after Captain 0'Neil,by whom the gold-bear- ing veins of this locality were first brought v.\Ui notice, and to whose energy the development of the pro -cut mineral pro- perty is so largely due. The O'Noil vciii diflfers in a very V /" ir marked inannor from tho other veins in this location, inasmuch as it is j^reitly (lecoin|>o.so(l, and is als(j mixed somewhat har^i^ely with cuhical jiyrites, eartliy ma^^iietio iron ore (tho *' eisenuuilm" of German muiers), a scaly red iron ore, the latter, when piire, [)resenting a dark steel-^rcy or iron-hlaek color Avith red streak. This condition of the vein will cease, however, lam convinced at a comparatively moderate depth, and the ore will assume its usual character. Its dark color, and tlie peculiar softness of the tisenniulm when damp, have led to the supposititm that it contains both ailver-;;lunce and red silver ore, but my trials have failed altogether to corro- borate this. Two tire-assays and several liquid testings shewed the presence of a small amount of silver, it is true ; but although tho latter metal (probably from tho presence of more cubical pyrites) is in rather larger proportion than in tho other veinsi it is entirely subordinate to the gold. Black silver ore or silver-glance contains, it must be remembered, considerably more than three-fourths of its weight of silver (strictly 87 per) cent.); and red silver ore, whether the dark or light species, holds more than half its weightof that metal (tjO-Oo per cent). If the black and red metal of tho vein consisted therefore, or consisted even in part, of these minerals, it would shew au enormously preponderating amount of silver : wherea-5 the assay button presents a light but distinct yellow color, and the silver in it is too small in quantity to admit of separation by nitric acid. A shaft is now being sunk on this vein, and at the time of my visit it had reached a depth of about 25 feet. At that depth the width was rather more than five feet. Particles of free gold appeared to be very abundant in the ore. (4) Reanlts of Assa>/s. — The following results were ob- tained from samples collected very carefully, with a view to obtain the average amount of precious metal held by the un- dressed ore. T'hey are thus, it must be pointed out, much 6 below the avoraj^o yioM of drossod or pickofl samj)lcfl. ITjind- drcssin;!; catiiiot be safely resorted to with an ore of this kind, as by tliut [U'occss much of the free ^^old inii^ht bo h).st: but if the ore were 8tain|)ed and properly huddled, the useloi^s quartz would readily be sef)arate(l without auy hws of ^^old ; and very hi;^h resiilts by this concentration would be obtained, with probably nearly uniform yields from all the veins. With undressed ores of this character, no two 8am{)lc3 will shew exactly corresponding results. Average sample from the Oatling or No. 1 vein : r.nld— 3oz., II