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 1 
 
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 6 
 
♦CANADIAN PACIFICRAILWAV^- 
 
\nalysis of 
 
 ganff Hot Springs Water 
 
 At a temperature of 1^7° P^hr. Test was wade hy Prof. Osier, of 
 
 Philadelphia, in 1886. 
 
 Sulphuric t"^""^'],^ V4T8 
 
 Calcium Manoxtde 4 4 
 
 Carhou Dioxiae "^ 
 
 Magnesium 
 Sodium . . . 
 
 Oxide 
 Oxide 
 
 4.14 
 Z7-53 
 
 123.88 
 
 Total solids per 100,000 found by experiment as existing in this water. 
 
 Calcium Sulphate S'i'Ss 
 
 Magnesium Sulphate '^^ 
 
 Calcium f ''•r^^'f ^ 15.60 
 
 Sodium sulphate '^.oo 
 
 sodium carbonate. ; ; ; r^;j,i 
 
 Silica . Traces 
 
 Organic Matter 
 
 f 
 
BANFF 
 
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 AND THE 
 
 ^tv 
 
 Lakes in the Clouds 
 
 REACHED BY THE 
 
 THE CANADIAN 
 NATIONAL PARK. 
 
 OUTINGS IN THE 
 MOUNTAINS. 
 
 THE G. P, R. HOTELS. 
 
 Canadian 
 Pacific 
 
 Railway 
 
 THIRD IWITIOy. 
 
J.n^d ASirail., 
 
 U 
 
 BANFF HOTKL AND BOW VALLEY. 
 
 f^'" 
 
te 
 
 THE ROCKY MOl'NTAIXS. 
 
 BANFF THE BEAUTIFUL. 
 
 I HERE is not a more fascinating resort on all this continent 
 than Banff, on the line of the Canadian Pacific Railway, in 
 the heart of the Rocky Mountains. It is charmingly situated 
 in the great Cnnadian National Park, a large reservation 
 chosen by the Dominion Government for its beauty and 
 sublimity and healthfulness as the great breathing place of 
 the nation. Few places have found such speedy recognition 
 of their attractive novelties, and none have better deserved the 
 encomiums of enthusiastic tourists. But it is well that intend- 
 ing visitors should know what they are to see and understand 
 the nature of the locality they propose to visit. They will 
 not find the romping gaiety of a closely-packed seaside hotel, 
 nor the statuary and carpet-gardening of a European palace on 
 exhibition. Banff is sid i^oicn's, but in its kind cannot be 
 excelled. The Banff Hot Springs are some natural wells of mineral water having pecu- 
 liar medicinal qualities. Here the Canadian Pacific Railway has erected a large and 
 luxuriously appointed hotel near the point where the River vSpray rushes furiously over 
 a series of rapids into the Bow River. The hotel overlooks the valley which carries 
 the mingled waters of the two rivers meandering through the great natural park. 
 The run to Banff from the last station on the western verge of the great vSaskatchewan 
 
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BANFF. 
 
 plains has been described in word painting by many writers, but perhaps by none 
 more simply or more accurately than by Baroness Macdonald : " Here the pass we are 
 travelling through has narrowed suddenly to four miles, and as mists float upwards 
 and away, we see great masses of scarred rock rising on each side— ranges towering 
 one above the other. Very striking and magnificent grows the prospect as we 
 penetrate into the mountains at last, each curve of the line bringing fresh vistas of 
 endless peaks rolling away before us, all tinted rose, blush pink and silver as the sun 
 lights their snowy tips. Every turn becomes a fresh mystery, for some huge mountain 
 seems to stand right across our way, barring it for miles, with a stern face frowning 
 down upon us, and yet a few minutes later we find the giant has been encircled and 
 conquered, and soon lies far away in another direction." 
 
 A well-known writer, speaking of Banfi", says : — 
 
 "On the sheltered terrace which commands the whole of it, we take our place, 
 and all day long wonder and worship. The air is balmy with all the fragrnnce of 
 these wind swept forests. There is the sound of rushing water for the great falls of 
 foaming water, the Bow River, hurries on to its junction just below with the Kicking 
 Horse River. The one is turbid, the other clear, green and swift as the arrowy 
 Rhone. On either side of this mighty stream, huge chffs rise, making a p-ranite 
 gateway. The one mildly defiant, softened at its base and summit with ve;;eiation 
 which gives it a touch of gentleness. The other stern with all the broodings of the 
 ages, storm scarred and frost indented, rising four thousand feet, until in serrated 
 lines as clean cut as the scimitar's edge, it stands against the sky. What mighty 
 
MOUNT STEPHEN— FIELD STATION. ROCKY MOUNTAINS. 
 
THE BANFF HOTEL, 
 
 peaks, promontories rising on peaks, stretching backward with mighty reaches, until 
 the great range merges in the remoter peaks in this great panorama of mountains ! 
 Bringing back our vision and looking down the valley of the Bow we see an amphi- 
 theatre indescribable in its grandeur. The mountains concede little to the river ; 
 room for its channel, a little river of green, a solitary island, forest covered, and then 
 the mountains. Pile together the Presidential Range, strip them from base to summit 
 of their forests, scar them with ravines and gullies, set up on their lower peaks the 
 crag of Drachenfelds, put upon their face the peaks of a dozen Gibraltars and a score of 
 vStorm Kings, build up their summits on great terraces pillared like Fingal and StafFa, 
 weave all the strata of all the ages into fantastic scar and patches like the disfigure- 
 ments of a scalded face, and then fleck the ravines with snow and balance the clouds 
 above them with their dancing shadows, and make background for it all of great clouds 
 sailing like freighted argosies on sapphire seas, and one can have the outlines of the 
 vision that lies before us as we sit above the foaming waters of the River Bow." 
 
 The hotel is a short distance from the station. It is situated on an eminence 
 commanding not only an uninterrupted view of the Bow valley, but of peaks and 
 .stretches of the Rockies in other directions, and in the surrounding country for many 
 miles science has availed itself of nature's gifts to create out of the wilderness a 
 mountain park twenty-six miles long by ten wide — a public pleasure ground without 
 an equal. Streams have been bridged, roads laid out, and trails cut, penetrating for 
 miles into the solitudes, so that in several directions the visitors may drive, ride or 
 wander afoot inhaling the health-giving mountain air, or .seeking the most favorable 
 
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THE CANADIAN NA TIONAL PARK, 
 
 Spots for pencil, kodak, rod or gun; There is excellent trout fishing in the bright 
 and rapid Bow, in the valley beneath the hotel, and good trolling on Devil's Lake, 
 a little distance from the hotel. A steam launch, beside boats and canoes, has been 
 placed on the Bow River for the use of visitors, enabling them to make excursions 
 on the river and to Vermillion Lake. There is good duck shooting on and about 
 the neighboring lakes in the season, and for the more adventurous the mou^^Mu 
 sheep (Bighorns) and mountain goat offer a temptation to which men who have 
 gained other laurels in the sporting world are glad to yield. In the hotel, at Banff, 
 a dark room has been furnished for the use of photographers who desire to finish 
 their pictures before returning home. 
 
 THE HOT MEDICINAL SPRINGS 
 
 Though Banff is chiefly a resort of tourists and pleasure seekers, its waters have 
 properties that are commended strongly by medical men. Dr. Danter, president of 
 the American Health Resort Association, says : " The springs are natural hot sulphur 
 water, combining other chemical ingredients, and while the air is a restorer to the 
 pulmonary diseased, the springs are particularly beneficial to rheuma'.ic patients as 
 to those afflicted in some other ways." Patients are sent here to bathe in the hot 
 sulphur baths, the annihilators of rheumatic complaints ; and these are none the less 
 appreciated from the circumstance of their being an annex of an hotel which, though 
 situated in the wildest part of the continent, is in its appointments and luxurious 
 accessories as if in the midst of eastern civilization. There are many hotels, indeed, in 
 
AT LA GO AN. 
 
 <:■■ 
 
 the leading cities of this continent which, pluming themselves upon being distin- 
 guished houses, are excelled by Banff in many things that make the reputation of 
 an hotel. To say at parting with an acquaintance in the -."ist, "We'll meet again 
 at Banff," is likely to become one of those addenda to " good- Dye," that indicate the 
 more fastidious class of that ever increasing multitude, the travelling public. It is so 
 easy to get there, so difficult to tear yourself away until the beauties of its surround- 
 ings have been explored. 
 
 THE LAKES IN THE CLOUDS. 
 
 OT far from Banff are the Lakes in the Clouds. So 
 near and yet so dissimilar are these two charming 
 spots that, one having been seen, there is naturally 
 a desire to visit the other. If Banff is beautiful, these 
 lakes, a few hours away, are enchanting. They must 
 be seen, however, for no mere description can do 
 justice to their loveliness and sublimity. The station 
 on the Canadian Pacific line for the Lakes in the 
 Clouds is Laggan, 34 miles west of Banff. It is about 
 an hour's ride to Laggan, where choice can be made 
 of driving, riding or walking up to Lake Louise, the 
 first to be reached of the three sheets of water hidden 
 high up above the valley. 
 
lO 
 
 THE FIRST LAKE. 
 
 LAKE LOUISE. 
 
 The drive is through a pine forest, in which a good carriage road has been cut, 
 but the bridle path enables horsemen and pedestrians to take a shorter way. Although 
 as previously remarked, word painting does not adequately convey the effect of the 
 approach to Lake Louise and its sudden burst upon the sight of the traveller, for 
 mental pictures involve themselves with actual sights, it may be worth while quoting 
 
 one writer : 
 
 "Nestling at the foot of two great mountains, which seem to guard against the 
 encroachments of the vast glaciers resting on the sides of a third, canopied by a sky 
 like the petal of a soft blush rose, its unfathomable waters reproduce with mirror-like 
 fidelity the green forests, bare peaks and motionless seas of snow-mantled ice — Lake 
 Louise is a dream of loveliness. To the right is an amphitheatre of spruce, whose tall 
 heads rise up in a terraced evenness, and through whose intricacies are passes to the 
 upper lakes. Between the two great mountains is a back-setting of grey and white— 
 the ice-fields ; the one at the base being covered with the drift of centuries. These 
 glaciers are of enormous thickness and of great area, and, with the coursing of the 
 sun, or the passing of clouds, present new shapes and fantastic forms, and as the rays 
 of old Sol pour down, the stillness of the air is broken by the crunching and grinding 
 of the ice-beds. The base of Goat Mountain on the left is clad with spruce on one 
 side, and beautiful fresh foliage embellishes another, which, in the fall of the year, is 
 rich with the autumnal tints peculiar to American woods, while above there are huge 
 
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12 
 
 THE SECOND LAKE. 
 
 precipices of bare rock, which come sheer down for thousands of feet. These walls are 
 vari-colored, resembling marble in places, whose tinted hues are in pleasing contrast 
 with the dull dun and grey rock and the dark slate. ' ' 
 
 On the margin of the lake the railway company have built a chalet, at which 
 visitors rest and lunch. It is not precisely an hotel, though rooms and meals are 
 provided for those who desire to remain either to fish or hunt. 
 
 MIRROR LAKE. 
 
 The majority of visitors, however, prefer to go on to the remaining lakes and 
 return in time to catch the eastbound train to Banff. The ascent to Lakes Mirror and 
 Agnes, the one on the breast and the other on the shoulder of the mountain that 
 confines Lake Louise on the southern side, is usually made on Indian ponies, but with 
 sturdy climbing powers one can scramble up the steep ascent without any great waste 
 of time or exertion. These sure-footed little animals occupy about an hour in 
 reaching Mirror Lake, the first of the two, and the offspring of Lake Agnes still 
 higher up the mountain. A beautiful view of the Bow valley and the surrounding 
 country is obtained during this ascent. Mirror Lake has no visible outlet, its waters 
 escaping through some underground channel into Lake Louise. They rise and fall 
 as the inflowing streams pour their floods more rapidly than they are carried off. Its 
 still and clear surface, differing in color from that of Lake Louise and of Lake Agnes, 
 reflects in a peculiarly effective way its encircling walls, and suggested the appropriate 
 name of Mirror Lake. Anxious to reach the highest point, the visitor shortens his 
 
i 
 
 i 
 
 LAKE AGNES. 
 
H 
 
 THE THIRD LAKE. 
 
 stay at the intermediate water, and, remounting his pony or grasping his alpenstock, 
 continues his ascent to Lake Agnes, around the sloping side of the mountain which, 
 while not at all dangerous, is attended with all the pleasurable sensations of excitement. 
 
 LAKE AGNES. 
 
 ^ARE is the beauty of the crystal pool known as Lake 
 Agnes, although its surroundings do not possess 
 that loveliness which characterizes its sister lakes. 
 It is about a quarter of a mile in length, with half 
 that breadth, and its great depths have not yet been 
 ascertained. It is fed by several waterfalls drop- 
 ping from the heights above and from numerous 
 springs and great banks of snow which line the 
 mountains that enclose it. Where you reach its 
 outlet is a clump of trees, in whose shade is Table 
 Rock, affording a splendid dining table for pick- 
 nickers. Like a sentinel on the other side stands a 
 grim mountain, and irregular peaks running back, 
 tell of the succession of violent irruptions in that awful day of the great upheaval far 
 back in the dim, misty ages of antiquity. To the south is a remarkable cleft in a 
 rocky peak, in the centre of which iii suspended in mid-air a large boulder, but at such 
 a height that it looks no larger than a cannon ball. The peaks rise up in terraces 
 
MOUNTAIN WILD FLOWERS. 
 
 15 
 
 reaching far above the timber line, and at the base are huge heaps of moraine. 
 Further on is a vast amphitheatre-shaped basin, in which lie the accumulations of the 
 snows of ages past. 
 Here even in the 
 warmest day it is 
 always cool and 
 pleasant and, by a 
 few further steps 
 (for you are nearing 
 the verge of vege- 
 tation) the pastime 
 of a snow -balling 
 match can be in- 
 dulged in, not five 
 minutes after revel- 
 ling amongst the 
 mosses, the forget- 
 me-nots and the 
 gentian bells which 
 with the heather of 
 pink and white, dot 
 the mountain side. 
 
 BOW RIVKR AND MOUNT RUNDI.E, BANFF. 
 
i6 
 
 LAKE MINNEWANKA. 
 
 Beyond the snow basin again the spruce, mixed with the tamarac, which here first 
 shows its head, clothe the hillside at this height ; the wood anemone, the sweet little 
 blue berry of the Scottish highlands, the fern, the Alpine idelweiss — the bridal flower 
 of the Swiss mountaineer — and the heather that reminds the sons and daughters of 
 bonny Scotland of their native land, and other brilliant hued flowers, add beauty 
 to the scene. 
 
 The shortest and not the least pointed description of these lakes was given by the 
 lady who called them " A necklet of gems on the bosom of the mountain." 
 
 The return to Laggan is of course made in, comparatively speaking, short time, 
 and the eastbound transcontinental train is there taken for Banff, to which the tourist 
 returns charmed with his day's excursion, and thoroughly appreciative of the com- 
 fortable home that awaits him. 
 
 ROUND ABOUT BANFF. 
 
 Eight miles from Banfi" is Lake Minnewanka, or the Devil's Lake, a drive to which 
 over an excellent road affords a pleasant outing. There is a yacht, and there are boats 
 on the lake, and the fishing is particularly good. These are some of the more noted 
 points that attract the tourist who rests a while at Banff, but it is needless to say that 
 those who like making little scenic discoveries for themselves, or fishermen who love to 
 work in solitude without fear of companionship, can find numerous spots where they 
 may indulge in unbroken reveries, and by a little exercise of fancy imagine themselves 
 discoverers of the wilds before and around them, and monarchs of all they survey. 
 
 1 
 
 si 
 is 
 
BErWEEN BANFE AND THE PACIFIC. 
 
 17 
 
 
 THE C. P. R. CHALET HOTELS. 
 
 \ITHIN the mountain ranges there are three chalet hotels, as 
 they are called, between Banff and Vancouver, at any of 
 which a tourist will find such comfort as is not generally 
 dreamed of in the mountains. The first of these is Mount 
 Stephen House, at Field. These v^halets, unlike that at 
 Lake Louise, are hotels at which tourists may, and do, stop 
 for some time. Some do so to break their journey, knowing 
 that the resources of civilization have been taxed for their 
 comfort, while others select the Mount Stephen House as a 
 convenient base for hunting the Bighorns and the Mountain- 
 goat. In the background of the hotel is Mount Stephen, the 
 highest point of the Rockies along the line (8,000 feet), and 
 artists, amateur and professional, find ample choice for the 
 exercise of their brush ; and near-bye Lake Emerald is a 
 
 scenic gem of rarest beauty. 
 At the Banff Hotel the charge is from $3.50 to $5 per day, a moderate rate for 
 such an hotel in such a locality, and at the other three hotels mentioned the charge 
 is $3 per day. 
 
^ 
 
 \ 
 
 DINING ROOM " MOUNT STEPHEN HOUSE,' EIELD, H. C. 
 
HOTELS, 
 
 19 
 
 I 
 
 THE GLACIER HOUSE. 
 
 Within fifteen minutes' walk of the great glacier of the Selkirks is the Glacier 
 House, at a station eighty-six miles beyond Mount Stephen. The popularity of this 
 spot is such that the company has found it necessary to build a large annex to the 
 original hotel, and it can now accommodate a considerable number of guests. Paths have 
 been cut through the woods from the hotel to the edge of the glacier so that ladies and 
 children may go up to its edge, and even upon the icy accumulation itself, without 
 danger. Opposite the hotel is a lofty chain of the Selkirk range, of which the chief 
 peak, the highest of the Selkirks, is Sir Donald. On fine days the top of this peak, as 
 of its neighbors, shows clear against the sky, but its great altitude involves its frequent 
 eclipse by passing clouds. Its disappearance and reappearance, however, only adds to 
 the effect of the view that is obtained from the verandah of the hotel. This, too, is a 
 hunter's base, for Bighorns and mountain-goat and black bear. 
 
 
 THE FRASER CANON HOUSE. 
 
 At North Bend, on the Fraser River, is the last of these hotels. It is called Fraser 
 Cation House, and is in all respects similar to the two that have been spoken of. It is 
 in the neighborhood of some of the most remarkable and furious reaches of the Fraser 
 River, which for over fifty miles rushes through narrow and picturesque canons before 
 reaching the fertile country of its delta below Yale. 
 
20 
 
 VANCOUVER. 
 
 HOTEL VANCOUVLiR. 
 
 At Vancouver, at a short distance from the harbor and commanding a series of views 
 of the bay and the surrounding country, is tht Canadian Pacific Railway Company's 
 " Hotel Vancouver," the principal hotel of the city, and one unsurpassed in its 
 appointments and general comfort by any on the Pacific Coast. It is at all times well 
 patronized, summer and winter, but at the times of arrival and departure of the Japan 
 and China or Australian steamers, is more than usually bright and busy. Almost 
 adjoining it is the Opera House, one of the most charming theatres outside of New York, 
 and this with other attractions has served to make the hotel so popular tha^. it was 
 found absolutely necessary to increase the size of the building. 
 
 This series of hotels, with the Chateau Frontenac, on the famed DufFerin Terrace 
 at Quebec, enables the tourist to cross from the Atlantic to the Pacific through Canada, 
 and to spend whatever leisure time he chooses to afford fishing, shooting or wandering 
 amidst the magnificent scenery of the Rocky Mountains, in all the comfort that capital 
 and enterprise have provided for the tourist by this route. 
 
 :::^:.m^ 
 
 
 
 e/^ 
 
^^^OR further particulars or Information, apply to any 
 ^J Agent of the Canadian Pacific Railway, or to 
 
 -•JU 
 
 .?«fc > 
 
 W. R. CALLAWAY, 
 
 District Passenger Agent, 
 
 1 King Street East, TORONTO 
 
 c. E. Mcpherson, 
 
 AssT. General Passenger Agent, 
 197 WASHINGTON Sr , BOSTON, and ST, JOHN, N.B. 
 
 E. V. SKINNER. 
 
 General Eastern Agent, 
 
 353 Broadway, NEW YORK 
 
 C. SHEEHY, 
 
 District Passenger Agent, 
 
 11 Fort St. West, DETROIT, Mich. 
 
 C. B. HIBBARD, 
 
 General Passeng'R Agent, 
 
 Soo and South Shore Lines, 
 
 MINNEAPOLIS, Minn. 
 
 BURNS, PHILPS & CO., 
 
 SYDNEY, Australia 
 
 D. E. BROWN, General Agent, 
 
 CHINA, JAPAN, Etc., 
 
 HONG KONG 
 
 C, E, E. USSHER. 
 
 AssT. General PASSENoro Agent, 
 
 MONTREAL 
 
 
 ROBERT KERR, 
 
 General Passe, iger Agent, 
 
 W. & P. Divisions, 
 
 WINNIPEG, Man. 
 
 G. McL. BROWN, 
 
 District Pas'seinc.er .-Vgent, 
 
 VANCOUVER, B.C. 
 
 J. F. LEE, 
 
 District Passenger Agent, 
 
 232 Sou'M Clabk st,, CHICAGO, III. 
 
 M. M. STERN, 
 
 District Passenger Agent, 
 CHRONICLE BUILDING, SAN FRANCISCO, Cal. 
 
 FRAZAR & CO., 
 
 Agents for Japan, 
 
 YOKOHAMA, Japan 
 ARCHER BAKER, 
 
 European Traffic Agent, 
 
 b7 4 H8 King William St. E.C, and 30 CorKSPUl St, S.W , 
 
 LONDON, Eng. 
 J JAME9 ST., LIVERPOOL, Eng. 
 
 D. McNICOLL, 
 
 General Passenger Ag'^nt, 
 
 MONTREAL