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Herbert Speiicor, in liis "Data of ?^tliii'8," teaches that the <]jreatest good for the greatest imnihcr is of more im- |)or.aiico than the greatest good lor the individual; that !ieh>re the chiims of the unit eonie those of the nation; if the two work harnionionsly, 8o mucli tlie better, hut in an}' case the nation demands the prior consideration. One of the chief duties and desires of a people is to keep itself in a good condition qt liealth. mental and jdiysi- cal, tlie same desire also obtains with individuals ; the two fact(*rs can work harmonioush' on this point. So strong is the desire for health and strength (and man is so ulmndantly endowed with pity and syni|);ithy), that the necessity tor taking care of the sick, relieving their pains, healing their wounds, and averting for a time the h.and of death, brought into being at an enrly period of the world's history, a distinct c.illing, or proti'ssion, now represented by the every-day medical practitioner. The same desire on the part of tiie nation has resulted in the various legislative l)odies enacting laws for tho pur- pose of iniprovinir the hygienic surroundings of the i»eople they gove:-n, as witness in this connection the laws compelling vaccination, the removal of sewage, the isolation of cases of infectious disease, the sanitary arrangements of dwellings, the appointing inspectors of imisances and officers of health, the establishment of quarantine stations, etc., all having in view the prevention ot disease; all practical illustrations ot the desire of various peoples to be in a healthy condition. To ensure proper care for the sick and injured, laws hiive been passed regulating the practice of medicine and surgery. That the latter laws are absolutely necessary is beyond question, since it must be conceded that a proper degree of training is essential to enable any individual to successfully and intelligently cope with disease, even in its simplest I4f O 8 forms; and liow can the people bo assured th it those deelar- in<; thetiis«;lvi'rt as physiciiiiis aiiLrniziM| the advisubijify of protecting in this Wiiy the pcoplert under their care, and have attempted to conKnc tlie legal practice t»f the healing art to tho-ie ipiahtied hy year- of patient «)l)>ervation, and unremitting applirutiiMi to the stuily ot their chosen protession. Among the eouutries 8«» protected are /«<(//, where to practice legally, the M, 1>. degree must Uo taken at an Italian university; Punae^ where either the qualiticati(»ii ot 'OtKcier de 8,tnte," or the doetorati! from one i»t the me Ileal i.ieiilties ( I'aria, M«>nt- pollier. Lyons, Bordeaux, Xaney, or Lille), must he procured. (Trr//(«/»//, a rigid state examination inu. examination ot an Austrian university lie passed, and also requires the aspirant to bectmie an Ausliian sijliject. /i'//.s>.»/, rccpiiring the exam- iuatioii for Vrw/i to l»e passed; Unl'aiid, JJenmar/,-, Swidfn, and Norman, all demand that a se.irching state exuminatiou bo pus-ed ut a univorsity; I'ortuipd, where a state exatuina- tion miistlte passed atoneot the inedicil schools; Simlztrland, a severe examination at a unix'ersity; (x'/eecr, demands an examination; Hr.uiiiania, is content with a vwa vooc.', T-'i'lcnf^ re nies an uxaininatioii; Helt/iiint, where an examination bei 're a Board of Kxaminers is deni.and.jd ot all not M.I) 's. ot Ghent or Liege; Ch-li', Braz I, the ArytuUiie MtpubliCf examinatiout must be sul)mitted to. In achiition to the above named foreign countries, most of the Uritish dependencies and Ct»lonies re(juire scmie guarantee from the applicant tor permission to practice. Ontario, Qnel)ec, New Brunswick, Manit 'ba, Prin-jo Edward Island, Tusmania, Australia, Cape of Good Hope, Natal. St. Vincent, Trinidad, Jamaica, Barl)udoes. British Guiana, and il(»ng Kong, all have medical boanls; while to practice in Gibraltar, Kiji, New Zealand, North-West Territories, St. Lucia, Grenada, and Bermuda, application must be made to the Governor or other otiicial. Previous to 1886, doctors desiring to be registered in British Columbia were required only to produce their diplomas (to the Provincial Secretary,) together with a 09699 declaration made before a J. P. that the applicant was the person named in the diploma, etc, and to pay a lee of 310. At a later period these requirements were deemed insuflS cient, and to render more difficult the ingress o( incompetent practitioners, and to secure for the people a medical service ot the greatest possible efficiency, in IHMt} an act was passed by the B. C. legislature, creating a medical council tor the Province, and jtroviding certain rules and regulations for the guidance ot that body. By this new law an apj»licant for admission to the Register was (1) to have a diploma, ('J) to pass an examination belore the; Medical ( ouncil, and (3) to pay a registration fee ot $10; the medical council fixed the examinati(MJ fee at $100 (much too high: the ^10 would be ample), and required the rundidate to siilmittoan exam- aination in anatomy, iihysioloiry, pathology, chemistry, materia medica, obstetrics, medicine and surgery. This law thus rendered it absolutely impossible tor a person ignorant ot the fundamentals of medicine and surgery to obtain a llconc to practice in the Province. The fiict ot having to submit to a tolerably searching examination, cut off all hope from those who held bogus diplomas, and from those whose medical education was rather a name than a fact; quacks ofall kinds were excluded frt)m letral practice, and as power was given the Medical (Council to proceed against those illegally pcising as jjhysicians and suigeonSj the Province was as well protected as could be desired by the most exacting. This law not only afforded a sort of guar- antee to the i)ublie, that those licensed to jiractice had the right conferred by knowledge to do so, but it also protected the prolession, not, as some have maintained, by raising obstacles to prevent the incoming of other medical men; the protection came from the exclusion of quacks, who would, |f [termitted to practice, secure a goodly jroportion of tees tliat ought in strict justice go to sup[)ort those entitled by education and training to follow the healing art Man is very gullible, and, like the Athenian of old, is always on the lookout for 'some new thing'; but for this trait, quacks aud quackery would speedily perish. For a time the act worked well. Then occurred a most remarkable circumstance. A Bill was introduced, debated upon, and actually became law (1^89) whereby the soidisovt " doctors," styling themselves " homoeopaths," were allowed to register as practitioners iu British Columbia with- out being subject to the jurisdiction of the Medical Council, created only three years previously by the self-same set of 10 0. law makers! All tlie homccnpatli has to do is to present liis (liplonirt and pay tlie $10 ritriHtratioti fee, and lie ran practise to his heart's eitntent, and no one can say him nay. The graduates of the chief seats of medical learning are siill ohli^ed to submit to the Council's examination ^an«l pay $100 for the privilege) hnt the hom(copathic charlatan is not required to jiass the ordeal. A m<)re insulting piece of legisliition couid not he devised; in itself ridiculous, it made the legislature, nay, the Province, appear imhecile in the e^es ol the civilizeil wnrld. To |irefer the professeia. What a tarce ! What an outrage on oomnion sense and common tairness ! It is indeed njost puzzHui; to discover why the Amend- ment Act was ever mooted, and why it was not inimedi- iatrly "sat npon " when the ai.datiious introchnicr tirst pre- sentt (I if to the Ilonse. The ways ot pohticians are somo- thing like those of Bret Ilarte's 'Ilt-athen Chinee," and whatever onr opinw)ns might he had sncii a contretemps uo currod elsewheie, heing in u British country, with the Queen's h>}al snhjects, hononihle moinhera to h<>ot. us the luw nnikcrs, we must suppose tlie pressure ot puhlic hnsi- nu .s WHS so <;reiit that ttie ijentlemen had no time to enquire into the measure (l>eing in profound ignoraiu-e of its meiin- ing), nnd as the readiest means of yetting nd of it, latssed the Hili. Uidortunately, the Medical Act of 1886 was not so per- fect a protection as its frani'-rs supposed was the ch qiialitications is favored similarly to the hoinooi.patii. Ciaune liO is as unjust and unfair to the Canadian graduate, as is the " II»>moeopathic Act." It does not follow because a doctor appends M.R.C.S., L.R I' I'., L S.A., etc., to his name, that ho pos-esscs more skill than tho-'e pr ictitioners who atUx the simpler and less osientaiions looking M. D. All tliat these qualifications denote is that the liolder has conformed to certain lules, and passed stated exurniuutions n, coulil with nndoiiitt'.'d iidvantiii>'e to liimstdt (and his patients) reei'ivi! instiuctions from the M D.'s of instiiuiions which are not situiitcd in Great Britain, and wliy the invidious distinction should ho made, is almost as threat ari(Mleas the passins^of the above nientioncd act admitting the Miomceo- puths.' Does the graduate in medicine of a Canadian university deserve any honor V or ure these institutions mere shams, and their graduates unworthy ol respect ? Are the diplomas grante(l l»y the miii-ersUies oi owv Donunion tohe consider»'d inferior to the licenses issued hy the medical and surgical corponit'ovs of Eiii>land, Scotland and Ireland ? It they he so considered, then hetter at once to close up our universi- ties; forbid them conferring degrees; since the highest seats of learning in Canada, among whose jtrolessors are some in the foremost rank of learned scientists and protound scholars of the age, are so belittled, deemed of so poor utility, esteemed at so low a value. If, on the other hand, tlie Canadian umrersiti/ degree he valued at its true v^orth, then atonce put the holder of a Koyal CoW c'ge iirem e in his proper place, and compel him to conform to the same rules that govern the Canadian and other university graduates iu medicine and surgery. A complete revision of the law seems necessary; let it be done at once, but, for cotiscienco' sake, let it he done Thoroughly; either open the [>ortalsto legal medical practice freely to every one, or make them all pass under the same rod; let no exceptions whatever be made. I understand there are some homoeopaths practising in the Province, and what I said regarding homccopathy and homoeopaths generally, may meet with their disapproval, and that of their friends also. To further strengthen the opinions r hnre expre<"«e« not oxint, nor hiii* ever j^raccti thiM woiM with \i\n iircseiK-u. Hnyt* in the prot'iico (pp. xii, xiii), to his inii>nipanihle work on pliiirm.icolo^y, tlKMiipuntic^, nml niatciiu incdica: ''It is not tliiMHi* ol ii Htn.'le ilrn<; at a " lime, of a fniill *Utr- " puthy. Tho crMCnco of h(»m(n'»piithy as extalilirilMMl hy 'MLihiicniann, licsiii the infiniie Mnal doso and tlio nnivcrafk " to the pathologicad change which caused it, and, hy u " knowlodgo of the action of drugs on each tissue and organ '• oftho hody, to coimteract tho^e pnthological changes, the '* honjoDopath profosses to he in |M)sscrtsion ot u rule which " will onalde him to select the proper reinef " the claim which homoeopathy makes to be in possession, *' if nut of the universal panacea, at least ot the only true " rule it |»Mctice, that makes homoeopathy a system of •♦ quackery ; yet this arrogant claimcoimtitutes the essence ot " tho system, and the man who, leaving Uahnemann and " going hack to Hippocrates, regards the rule similia similibus '* curaiitur as only of partial and not ot universal application, " lias no longer any right to call himself a hoinoeopith. ♦' Yet wa hear some leading homoeopaths say: 'We do not '' claim any exclusiveness for oar method,' and theu com- » <«/I '* pluin that thuy are excomniuiiicHted by tlio moditru) '• protefMion. If tlii.'y have reii<>uii(;t>il tlm frrorn ot Ilitlino- •* nmn'H Hystem, they ought not to retain lU nanio, I lit *' tninklv aeknowl' >\go their error and return to rational ♦* medicine, ot which l!i|ipocniter< iH roganled us the t ther *' Art a medimi man ih hound to his utmost tor the i;ood " of his patient, it ih ohvioUH that, ahhou^li hi: niny ern|doy ** hatha or |Mu-kM uh a irodeot treatment, lieuaN ot, witliout *' hecomiog untrue to hirt protenHion, throw arii«) all oIIkt " mcuMm ot treatment and l>econie a hydropat i; nor ran he •' eonHult on equal termx with those wV> . eith r thronijh '• i^»ior nee or wilful hlindneHs, deny the usoot "tluMineanrt " ot L-uie and limit themrtejvert to the apulication of water. " What is true ot hydroj«thy is true of honi.eopatiiy." The above excerpt is 6o good, containing as it docH the whole matter in a nutshell, that I have copied it as it ntands. I cannot refrain from tratiHcribing from the same work, a reference made by the author to infinitessimal dosage. "It a patient was being treated with r of his natural life.*' This extract has no bearing on the subject in hand; it is inserted simply lor the amusement it may uii'>rd. Yet as the Iriends of homoeopathy may not attach due weight to Dr. Brunton's logic, I turn to homoeopaths to render me assistance, and I iind it an uniooked for quarter. The AVjc York Medical limes sent the following letter to Hon. Geo. C. Barrett, Judge of the Supreme Court, Ac. March 11th, 1889. "Sib, — In behalf ot our readers, will you kindly give "OS your opinion u|>on the tbllowing qutotion :*' "Has a physician designating himselt a 'Homoeopa- " thist,' and called as such to a patient, any legal or moral " right to adopt other than homoeopathic means in the treat- "ment of the case ?" Respectfully yours, The Editors. 10 Came tl,e following „j,|y ,?, .".'"''f "•? between m>-8elt an-Vthrr " *» '""Pliecfun! fo'to try another gen" lmf„""i J""" ''»>'e faileS, b"'l n™ ticlardesignitfon .H^^"' " ">« '"rcal^equenoe of th. be 0-Gnflorvf^ V "OQ^fBopathist^ rp,^^"""*^® or thenar- 11 nd JO se )r I- I a e s "Such a man may beagraduute of the College of Physi- cians and Surgeons, and I will have n ^ cause of (tonipluint should he in an exigency deem it appropriate to ad uini«ter the *hird potency of aconite, or h« may he a graduate ot a collegi"! founded under honiceo[»athic auspii-es, and yet I tan not ohject it he thinks the occasion deraands twenty grains ofquinit'e. But if a physician calls himself allopathic and is summoned as such, it would be a fraud to resort to honiCBopttthic treatment without full disclosure to tue jtatient ot what was proposed. If, however, wc are to have a class ot meii who purpose, in the intrest ot humanity, to utilize the best that they can iiud in any and every school, 'pathist,* as a designation of lixed methods of practice must be ignored, and the broad and noble title * physician," in its unreserved sense, be revived and sub- stituted. "The patient will understand, when he sends for one of this class, that he is to have the physician's best judgment in the unprejudiced use of the ripest fruits of moderti dis- covery in every field. I see that I have done more than simply answer your question. But I am sure you will pardon a layman for taking advantage of the occasion to intimate the need of greater clearness of professional atti- tude — both as a matter of justice to the patient and and as due to the integrity of the physician. "Respectfully yours, "Geo C. Barrett." The above correspondence appeared in the Neio York Medical limes tor April, IS'^y. Now, when it is understood that that periodical is the homoeopath's organ, the signifi- cance ot ilieir comments on the opinion of this eminent jurl^t wil! be apparent. Homoeopaths condemn all methods of treatmaut other than their own; but note the confession the limes makes; it expresses surprise when it realizes the "actual position of those who call themselves hi)moeopath8, and practise everything else beside homoeopathy us well." Not a very creditable confession ! The 'J'imcs also says : "Hereafter, practitioners will have to adhere to that mode of practice which they claim to represent, or else perhapcj lose their fees; and be liable to action for malpractice into the bargain. 7'hcre is no doubt {note this well; the italics are mine) "athic mode, have a rijfht to desiajnate themselves other tlian as physicians !" Commentinj^ on this very au(hieious contession ot the dece|)tions prevalent amono liomteopathit^ts, the Pacijic Medical Journal (June, 1^89) says: — "Sucii expressions irom the headquarters of h<'moeo|iathy are astonishing. They are true, ahsolutely true, l)ut they are at the same time admissions ot guilt. They amount to a confession that this class of practitioners have heen and are daily ])ractising deception upon a credu- lous puhlic. It is true that many ot the remedies employed hy the regular physicians are mentioned in their works on l»ractice and therapeutics, hut it is just as true that tiie I)eopIe among whom they ply their vocation are not aware ot this fact. Their hrilliant successes are never set down to the credit ot any hut homoeopathic remedies. Regular physicians have always contended that homoeopathy owed little or none ot its success to homoeopathic remedies and methods, hut never hefore have they received so open a contession as that made hy the editors of the Aeio York Midieal. 'J'aiics." The J'acific Medical Journal suggests that •'those men tear down their signs, proclaim themselves phijsicinns, and study and practise medicine in its true sense." "We cannot hope utterly to annihilate the evil. As long as there are fools on earth, just so long will quackeiy in some form have an inHuence. But take from quackery its apparent mystery, and it at once loses many of its charms. Inform the puhlic that homroopathists not only employ our remedies, hut employ them unattenuated, and the beautiful phantom vanishes. The editors of the Times have removed the keystone from the arch." To sum up, then. By the confession of the leading homoeopathic jou.nal nearly every one calling himself a homoeopath is guilty of fraud and deceit; from what I have quoted from Dr. Brunton's pen, it will readily be seen by ihe Hnprejudiced, that those who adhere closely to homceo- |>athic rules, are guilty ot quackery; hence it follows from these premises that, as a class, homoeopathists are either h-uuds or quacks. And yet such are more favored by the B. ('. legislators than the most earnest student of regular medicine. Truly an age ot progress and enlightenment ! 13 This unfiiirnesa is a blot on the escutcheon of the Prov* ince; the leojal admission of homoeopaths is a stain on prog- rensive civilization; Iwth blot and stain must be erased by prompt and unmistakable action on the part ot the legisla- tors. -'See ye to it." After this exposition of the subject, there can be no longer the plea of ignorance as a shield; nor can the mutter bethought of small import, since the action of the nuijority of governments shows that it is almost unani- mously consi'lered worthy of grave attention. Such a physician as Judge Barrett describes in the last sentence ot the second paragraph, and the first of th« cou- cluding one, is the every-day modern doctor. No one now (li'cnmis of calling himself an -allopath'; those who use that termination 'path' as a designation of a special method or system of practice, are neither more nor less than common charlatans. The modern medical man recognizes no rule of thumb system; any remedy, of whatever nature or source, thaJ, is found to meet the exigencies of a case, is used as a thorapeutic measure by him. Every drug used has a certiun definite action on the tissues and organs of the human body; possessing a knowledge of these actions, the practitioner prescribes intelligently; without a knowledge of them the doctor is working in the dark and by guess work; or. by a rule of thumb method, as the homoeopath doses his patients. One of the benefits of the 1886 act was that by the medical fonncil it would be discovered whether the applicant for a license possessed this and other necessary learning. I have endeavored to show that the necessity for legisla- tion regulating the practice of medicine, is demonstrated by its universality among civilized peoples: that the British Columbia Medical Act of IH^Q was a benefit to the people of this province : that Clause 30 ot Medical Act, Consolidated Statutes, and the " Homoeopath Act of '89 are unfair and unjust to all medical practitioners : that those members who voted for the "Homoeopath" Bill were cul- pable of neglectin'^ t)"^ ' ^st interests of their constituents and the welfare .. tne Province, and evinced a lack of com- mon sense and good judjjment : that the present medical hiws need revision : that two methods of procedure are available to correct the injustice, one beiuij to do away with all existing regulations, the other being the upholding and strengthening of the original Mt;dical Act of 1886. Having done this, I pre[)are to lay aside my men, expressinfj the hope, ai do so, that those members who were intelligent u enough to vote against the "Hooeopath Act," will also see the injustice of Clause 80 already mentioned, and that those other members who failed to perceive the injustice they were instrumental in producing, will see the error of their ways, and take the earliest opportunity to set themselves right in the eyes of the people of British Columbia by re- pealing the measure they supported last session. In conclusion, I wish to say that I issue this pamphlet on my own responsibility and at my own expense. Neither the medical council, nor any other member of the medical profession, has any connection with it; but I know full well that my words are an expression of their thoughts. I see no one else taking any action in the matter; common justice demands that something be done; and whether the public or the profession appreciate my effort or not, I am deter- mine'', to do my share towards tb<^ correction of the evils complained of. Mare S. Wadb, M. D., F. C. S. 63 Qovemment street, Victoria. January, 1890.