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Les cartes, planches, tableaux, etc., peuvent Stre film6s d des taux de reduction diffdrents. Lorsque le document est trop grand pour dtre reproduit en un seul clich6, il est film6 d partir de I'angle sup6rieur gauche, de gauche d droite. et de haut en bas. en prenant le nombre d'images ndcessaire. Les diagrammes suivants illustrent la mdthode. 32 X 1 2 3 1 2 3 4 5 6 ^teccM /, With the best Compliments of CZ^zc^^ '/>%^^t^-*- T 339 ^^ TERED Patent Attorneys and Experts, OFFICES: rk Life Bulldrng, ^ Atlantic Building, mONTREAL. Can. NEAR U. S PATFNT OFFICE, WASHINGTON, D.C. .-t'' , e sometimes see men uj.on' the street carrying on their person con.spicious .signs ..f various kinds and it IS to be hope.l they are paid for .such .service, but how any intelli- gent man can gratuit<.usly carry around a sign or advertisement aud exhibit It with seeminir great satisfaction, is very angular, even though such sign be written upon gold or silver and coupled with the superior genius" business. The "late lamented" P. T. Bariium, of circus fame, aptly said " the peo{,le love to be hum- bugged and are willing to ,.ay well for it." Perhaps this state- ment fully explains the situati.ui. We are glad to know that Hie ■m.nber of inventors who are "green" enough to be entrapj.ed l)y such transparent ".schemes," is small. Mai-y of these "cute" feUows also offer to jmmiptly .sell each l>atentee's invention and hold out enticing inducements and oHer rew;irds of special mention in papers they claim to publish (which are practically their individual circulars) and a .special reductiim of tees for taking out thoii next patent, as they also claim t.. be patent attorneys." They begin by .saying " only a small com- niLssion will be charged after a .sale has actually been made," and then immediately projeed to bleed their victims by demandin.r a sum for alleged " adverti.smg," "preparing cuts or pictures '"of the invention, printing "circulars," " letter-head.s," "preparing ui<.dels 'and a special write-up, or a flattering "history" of the inventor. Many inventors have thus expended from $r)(» to ,-^l(K) ..r more before realizing that they have been imposed upon, and yet have no mh nf the p.atent nr a. pro.spect of .sale. We know of cases where inve,;.ors have paid as much as §150 to these frauds on the pretence that they will have made a "finely constructed 6 MARION A' MARION, 111 Kiel " (ind after repented demands for it, a miserable atlair of cheai. construction, costin- i.erliai)s ^5.(X) or .«<(;.(K>, would be sent lo tliciu ; but they can yet no redresH, as these " green goods " are like "gold brick " men or the Irishman's Ilea, wiiicli, when caught, '* was not there." Inventors, as a class are a contiding, honest set of men and l)eing honest themselves, are slow to suspicion others, hence many easily become victims. We advise all who have -been victimi/.ed to write to the Counnissioner of Patents setting forth all the cir- cumstances and we believe such action will result in having theiu disi)arred from practicing before the I'atent Ollice. In closing this article, we beg to present to the reader, the fol- lowing article, written by Kdward P. Thompscm, M. K., an author- ity on the subject, and published in the Lnvi.ntivh A.;k of Novem- ber, 1H'.»7. "HONESTY AND ABILITY OF PATENT SOLICITORS." There is danger of over-looking the incompetent attorney while busy with the denouncement of the man who is f-cky or dishon- est ; cases nre possible in which an inventor may be cheated tinan- oially by a smart agent, and yet a fair quality of service may be rendered ; but no excoi.tion occurs that will show the accomplish- ment of Hrst class results by a half prepare.! person, no matter how trustworthy he may be. I am not preaching on the subject of lionesty and morals, for every inventor will make the utmost attemnt to dodge the fraudulent man with<.ut much advice, and yet inventors are apt to run to any agent so long as he has his si.M. ui) and is kiK.wn to be reliable. The re.ii.isite that is too of'ten overlooked, the ..ne that is most difficult of attainment, and the one that is the most important, is mechanical knowledge with e.xperience; or in other words, the perfect attorney must be a mechanici.l expert, while the second condition, e-iually as important but readily recognized by all inventors, is a knowledge of and an experience in the patent law, court decisions and the patent othce rules of practice. The third ijualitication is literary ability. Mow few attornevsare graduates of a technical college or .school ; how few have been'scientitic students further than in aciuiring a superficial knowledge by private study-almost worse than none ;- iscffible artair of I), would be sunt Tucn goods " are ;li, when cauj^lit, set of men and lors, lionce many Den vietiinized to oith all the uir- 3sult in haviiis,' ( tllice. e reader, the fol- M. K., an aiitlior- M AcK of Noveni- JOLICITORS. " lit attorney while t'-cky or dishon- lie cheated tinan- uf service may be w the accomplish- lerson, no matter [^ on the subject make the utmost ch advice, and yet iiir as be has his (jnisite that is too >f attainment, and il knowledge with torney must be a |ually as important owledge of and an d tiie patent ofhce rary ability. 1 college or school ; han in accjuiring a vorse than none ; — •Mus I i;|. ,J, .)|.|.|( |.:s VKW ^•(||;|< |,(|,|.; lU ll,l(|.\(;. i MONTREAL and WASHINGTON. Ji how few are qualified for membership in any of the scientific or mechanical, or engineering societies; Iiow few could write an article for a technical periodical witliout its being lodged in the waste basket ; and how few, therefore, could prepare such a clear exact and complete description of an alternating current dynamo,' or, of a steam engine releasing gear, or of a bicycle, or of a print- ing macliine or of a typewriter that would stand tlie critical exam- n.Htion which occurs when experts for a purchaser of the patent or before the courts criticise it ; the specification and claims are literally torn to pieces by the experts. Tlio whole value of the patent, assuming Mie invention to l^e novel and valuable, depends absolutely and alore upon the exact meaning rendered by the wording of tlie specification and claims. How many hundreds of attorneys have attempted this task, not even realizing their own incapability ; because a man with a little knowledge of a subject usually thinks he knows all about it. No other iirofession calls for such experts. Take an electrical engineer ; his sjiociality is electricity and consequently he need know little about bridges - tliat IS, about civil engineering. Or, consider a chemist. He re.pures no knowledge about printing machines, that is, of mu- chanics. Or let the profession be that of a mining engineer. What does he know about law ? Again, how little the lawyer pure and simple, who naturally spends his time in suits .jver real estate debts, damages, etc., etc., kn.nvs about agricultural machines' Men of any profession seldom undertake cases in some other line Ihe most perfect patent attorney is he who is versed in all depart- ments of science, engineering and mechanics, l)ecau.se one day he will have, say, a kinetoscope invention to be patented, and the next day, a new process of dyeing ; the next day, au electric motor case, and then a linotype machine, photographic invention, etc., without any choice whatever on his part. The only rei-edy for overcoming tiie seeming impossibility of hoping to secure a perfectly prepared solicitor, would be the exist- ence of a specialist in each department, but this would scarcely, at the present day, be feasible, although the best attorneys generally become rooted in some specialty in which a large proportion is all on one subject, and he gradually becomes experienced in such a variety that he is more and more competent in all, assuming of course, that to start with, he has a solid foundation in one or in all 8 MARION & MARION, PH en, law, wl.ile the .nechanical tnu.M . , i^sH U t' e ^ "' ■■"'t i'Hrf,. A„ ideal okim is s,, .lifHouit ,.f ""'""'" years' experience, at the least, u a . ,' '"""^'.""- ^'"^ ''^'^ '^'-t o„.uKh to enable a bo,- :^ :? aZ^ -7 T^T '"'^ ^"H let us pass on to the prosecution of .he apolicttion ' :"'"'- patents are cited as alleged anticipations !C ""' '^y not aueet the invention. The oni Z . T '"'•' '" ''"''■ -ily too Load or too nam... ' :. ' ^ ' f ir ''1^" — ' not al>solutely perfect, or the opinion of le " "' '"■'""' ;-.t..d. -.sisaicr;;rz;:;r:';i:!::'t'^ Npecihcationsandclaiiiis innwf 1,. , '"i- .'^"iiciioi. 11^. ^.-i'ic...y and «e:t:::c ::;:;;;:;: -t-''-''^""' """ After all is understood/ the kno Je 1 ' ^'^ f---'-""-' t. applied to decide whether J: T^ :/r'''V''r '""^^ ''^ over the state of the art ^m.^Zn^i^^^:''-''^'^^^^ """'''' --1 'i-Ily, M.o redrawing of the clai s t >" i '"■'"'""""• ■"»st he attended to. Tke utn.o^ e ^ U 7 ^"■-''-^— - -.uired in these final readiustn, It^^^'lr; '"""'^''^^ '- ^il..wanco has been issued, the last dln^:,;' .. L:r:": " -.4.en the case would .o.-, an irreparj.le ij ^^ '' " ""^"" ^"' Accordingly, it becomes apparent tint M.,> r •. P'-epared by his own luu.wled- 'e a cT ' 'i , " '' ""•'^' '" tl.o various allied invention t d '"^"^^'^'^' ^^''P«'-'^'"^e toanaly.e -- -pe of his cii^r- ;:nt ;:r:: i::^rr''^'''^ elHuns. I have pointed out, only partial yZ, 'X\"'^^^'" requirements, but as a climax to ill, we a rive at i' '""" ^K>nsibility, and it is .ght here thatU,:; :■.:.,::; .^ "" ;t;;::-r:;i:ri;::;H::::i:^^ r ^o.e important ;^ep in a;;;;^r;7r^^ I tlirectioiis. The Koinpfirod Willi the 'olves the hiirliust, > a kno\vlo(l<,'o ,,f 1 tlie most iinj).,vt- [tositioii, thill live fic((iiireiiieiit,s, ate '!'<> foriiiiihito Hii arisoii. I>|ilif.iti(>ii ill ctsu I'liey may in roal- I.VO beoii iiiiiieccs- "in olliiir rospoct, liiior may ii,,| f,„. i; referoiicos niiist Itinlis thoiMllLthiv lio solicitor. Tlio each othcT, iioth :)f ilisccu'iiiiiciit, ^'iit law must I)u 'lilt, tJK! ijovolty ■itciit protoutioii, a L'ii'u'umstaiicos, I ltion that the patent, if obtained, will be worth many thousand dollars; ,.r he .should assume that the invention belonjrs to him.self and at the .same time that it is worth a million dollars. Then he will .strive for the best clanns. How many of u.s, who are solicitors have been perfect in this respect ! On the other hand, I am not referring to the matter of otteruig opinions to the inventor as to the value, and to the too much overvaluinu of the invention in his eyes so as to encoura-e hnn to apply. This procedure is a dishonest trick, where the invention is known to be worthless ; but, having decided for good reasons to apply, the solicitor should keep in mind the be.st intere.sts of the client, and if he does not, he may work as much real injury as if he were, out and out, fraudulent. Tn spite of all his consideration of the qualifications, many an niventor may still hold that such remarks about experts may well apply to difficult cases like automatic telephone exchange .sy.stems polyphase electric motors, Corliss engine improvements, proces.ses ni electric-metallurgy, mathematical instruments of precision, etc., but when it comes to little devices which m.iy be named by the hundred, any one can understand the name and l)e a suitable att..rney, provided only he knows patent l.-iw and practice, and has ordinary intelligence. This is false logic. What is true of one kind of invention is true of another, except in d<3gree. Even in simple devices, the mechanical expert is needed. No simpler device could probably be suggested than the bicycle frame, being only a 10 MARION A- MARION, fow tulH,s fastened ..^..tlaT, h.kJ yof ,n,ttl,on,atical conrndemtions .•irunoc...s,saryHndasuientitic tnu.iing in l.rid-o l.uildin.' an-lus struts, t.os, l.mcoH, trian.^los, j„ints. otc, .to., n.nst l.o „n.lors't.,Mci 111 .m on-.nconn- sonso, .„• also tlu, cl.iin.s am not bo drafted Or t/iko a inoiisu trnp. Nu simpler oNaniplo cnid l.o named Tiu- meclmnism ..r construetiun, involves, f„r its explanation, a hiuh de-roe of mechanical knowlcd^^ro. f,„.it will not l.e sulliciont simply to sot forth the exact construction, l.ut to describe in a claim 1 he gist of the n,ve.;tion in -enoric terms and then in a speciMc direc- tion, so as to cover not only the exact mechanical construction but also, when the novelty is of a high enough degree, a general construction that will include and protect several varieties without the necessity of too many patents. Sometimes, an invention has such a wide STope and there are so many meritorious ways of carry- ing It out ,n practice, that the attorney must in one patent be able to incorporate a set of broad claims to include them all, a .sot of ■specihc claims to cover ..no variety, this being as much as is i.er- imtted M, one patent by law, and then the other patent may protect the respective si-ecitic devices when their imj.ortance isof sutlicicnt practical value and legal necessity to warrant further patents -this .p.ost.on being left until the allowance of the broad claims is cer- tain. Qualitications of attorneys for such purposes often come mto play, and involve e.Kact knowledge, .f mechanical, .scientitic and literary ability to a much greater extent even in the case of .simple oevices, than would be pos.se.ssed by the too numerous incompetent solicitors. The more expert the .solicitor both in technical and patent matters, the more the inventor will gain in the way of pro- tection by a patent, while if expert only in patent law or .mly in technical knowledge the patent will only be the means of donatin.^ the invention to the public." ° We also beg to quote the following from the Com- missioner's Annual Report (1S93) : "PATENT BAR." "The vast j.ublic and private interests involved in the ju.st admin- istration of the patent .sy.stem, .lemand th.at (he praetiti<,uois before the Office, like those before the Federal Courts, shall be only those f. imtioil coiiHiduratioiiM hrio l)uikliiiL,', (in^jliiN. . , must 1)0 iimlorstuod II not bo (Iniftotl. Or ulil lio iiamod. 'I'lio explaimtioii, u lii^di )t liDsulliuioiit .simply ■jscribo ill ii cliiim the Jii ill ,1 .spoci(i(: (liruc- ijiiiiciil coiistiiictioii, ;I) ile((roo, (I Kohoral ;i;d v.iriotius without IDS, (111 invoiition has torious ways of wirry- II olio patoiit 1)0 able ido thom ;ill, a sot of as much as is por- !!• patent may protect rtaiico isof sutlicioiit urtliei- j)atoiits -this broad claims is cer- urposos often como anical, seiontiHc and n the case of simple iiioious inuompotent th in technica! and 1 in the way of |)ro- atent law or only in i means of donatin'' MONTREAL anu WASHINGTON. 11 from the Com- 1893) : din the just admin- Tactitioaois before shall bo only those I of Hscortaiiiod inoral and intellectual fitness. 'J'o this end it is ro- Hpoctfiilly recoiiimoiided that l(!(,dslat,ion bo had establishing,' a pat- ent bar, which shall consist in the lirst instaiici', of those coun.sel- lors-atdaw who are entitled to practice in the Federal Courts, and that the Cominissioner of Patents, with the approval of the Secre- tary of the Interior, may oHtfiblisli rult., and regulations for the ailmissioii, from tim■ I'"™ i»t.l.. ., et "'"" ,"'""' "'»>■ "'«« «■««•» in tlieir pkce. »■'-■ HNsuiiio wl.oi, no '''"-'- " •■"«(">iiHil,ili(, ^li<) iriver;oi,N vjlj •f ^^"••'- Our Jh,.«o "' "'■ '^''icJi wt, Hru ' ''"*^' {"" ford, in ''" """■ "I'ility l.avo ' ^M'l'lio.l Sci,.,Hx.s, "'f''"" "f VVasl.iny. •« <-'<'i'{»<.iat,ioi, „f " ^'•^ioiy „f Civil "f t'lo scrus „f ■■"■e im'ii,i,ei,s .,f coiitirinari,,,, „f ii^itor.s ill coiiiim;- 't cases in „.|iich he Jirojier Iui„vv . ""•'ers iji tiie.se f,' t'lu services (if 'len tliey ,„eo(, ^ • ' oIhss many '« '' '-<'t woll to Often wo have 'ties u-e l.olonjr ■dge, (liJitrence litfully sent us ■ ontenf.n d'np. the II tlie lii MONTREAL and SVASHTNGTON. 13 OUR OFFICES. OUR MONTREAL OFFICE (sec engravings). OiirCiinadifm Oflico is lociiled in Montrefvl, tiie laroest city r.f ilio l)..niini.in. Tivinslatc.r.s, ilnviiKJitsmen, steiiographors, etc lioHsessed ..f tlu. I.i-liest class of uhility and oxperience are fuun.l I ni Mi.ntrual. as well as all classes of business. Our Odico nuil.linjr (The New York Life Insurance Buildin-) is the tine fire proof structure located at the corner of St. .Jaineslmd ^ Place d'Arnies Streets, fronting on Place d'Arines Square. I We are in the very heart of a seething caldron of l)Hsiness. Millions i)ass our doors every day. The human tread.nill never ceases. In two niinutes walk we can reach the Po.st OtHce, the Kxpress Co's Ofticcs, the ('al)le Ofhce and the greatest financial nistitutions of the Dominion. We relate these circumstances to show inventors the desirability of our unsurpassed location and its convenience to the }.ublic. OUR WASHINGTON OFFICE (see engraving on oj.positc page). In close pro.ximity to the Tnited States Patent Ottice, it is always open for the use of our clients wh.. deem it exj.edient to visit the Capital, thinking naturally that they can. by their presence, facil- itate the procuration of their patent. Wliile we gladly receive niventors at our Washington Ottice «e nuist candidly state that the busine,s,s w.mld be equally as well attended to were the inventor Ml New Xealan.l as in Washington. Kvery application for Patent IS numbered when received by the Patent Otliee and has to wait iintd the preceding tiled applications have been examined bef.ue It can be reached f(.r examination by the Kxaminer. Any Patent Otiice Kxaminer who would act upon an application nut <,f its regular order of tiling would be instantly calh^l to accunt by the (J.m.issioner of Patents f.,r such a flagrant infringe- ment of the rules. Therefore d.. not g,. to Washingt.m unless you •iiv prepared to bear the exj.en.se of a two month's stay, whi-l, j. the usual elapsed lime between the tiling of the application and the lust action in the ease. 14 MARION * MARION, THE ADVANTAGES OF ^ HAVING A WASHINGTON OFFICE. Wl refisons. All f ho v»^,.^ i i . -^ ^•*'"^""»- -^im this for nianv Hon ....a c^'iris :; .!;:'«i:tc:: T v: "" '■"- •• ' dence. He does jio^ I,-,,. . ^ , ^ m-Hl-mt to correspon- ;;u.ce With the v..i.,u. ^:::^ o z^z^^:'^^' ''T''- have daily interviews with then, Th, ! '"' ''"'' "''"' views cannot be over-estin- ted J ""I-rtance of these inter- ior l,y the button-hl tt,,;. r r? '^^^^^^^^ i"venMonif itliHsanv„I;iV , t '"' *"""' "' '"' ' ^'"« -y i" live ...rr ^ :^^';„^:: 7 »- -ompHshed in volumes of written argument correspondence and OUR BUSINESS METHODS. »N, :S OF MONTREAL and WASHINGTON. 15 3N OFFICE. 'ukl select an attorney itiro patent business of >". And tJiis for many ire open to liis inspec- ineidenttocorrespon- services of unreliable *'s a personal acquain- ^atent Office, and can rtance of these inter- torney has an Exani- see the merit in an - 1 be accomplished in correspondence and HODS. we aim to conduct 21". We are assisted icification writers, prep.ire our draw- and preserve the committed to our ;ion the fact that V clients has hvct What the Press says about our Firm. HOW TO SELECT A PATENT ATTORNEY. [From Home Mufiiainc, November, 18!»7.] " Tnvenlors are often in much doul)t and anxiety when selecting an aMorney to conduct their business. Some desire to secure the services of a Solicitor for the lowest possible price, and others who are willing to give fair comi)enfciition, perhaps have no ac(|uaintance among Patent Attorneys and do not kn(.w which are reliable and trustworthy. Our advice to all inventors is, do not emphiy a ciikai- Attorney— his work will be cheai'. A professional man who can afford to work for nothing is to be avoided. His feeble efforts, l)uing without incentive, will be worse than wasted ; they will occasion actual loss in the long run. When it is remembered that an inventor or a manufacturer engaged in making a patented article, has to depend solely upon the breadth of the claims of the Patent for his protection, the importance of these claims will at (mce be apparent and it can be readily seen that they should be drawn only by an Attorney of sound i)rofessional knowledge and experience. The Attorney must also have a good technical edu- cation, be skilled in the arts and sciences, and endowed with sound judgment and (juick perception ; he should be a " graduate " Civil Engineer and an expert in all matters pertaining to Letters Patent. A man of these aopiirements does not work for nothing ; ho ex{)ects to be reasonably compensated for his labor, and a wise inventor will do well to employ sucii an Attorney. The Patent he gets will Ije a broad one and will have connnercial value. So important are the services of a reliable, trustworthy and skilful Attorney to Inventors, that the Commissioner of Patents has, in the " Rules of Practice," issued this general warning : " As the value of patents depends largely upon the careful pre|mration of the specifications and claims, the assistance of competent counsel will, in most cases I)e of advantage to the applicant, liiTTHK vai.uk OKTiiKiit services 16 MARION' ,t MARION. WIM^ HK l.,U„.oHTi.,,NATI. T..T.n.n, " ~~ 'ence that ,00 ...uci. oare e/uuiot K f""'' "'^'"'"'^ «^l>e'- «'"»l.etent „.„.. ™ '^' ^■^''"'■^'■^^■'» '" tho .selection of a ^'<-".eal and Washing.. e.U ^ ! '^"T f ^r'^'" '^ ^r--"'- -f -1-t and .eliablo l.^eat ^:^ „ . ^^ '^'^'"^^^ ^'^ --ices of a. fci'o patent issuing, llnreaus ' '"''"^'^'^ ''^f"»'« '"'y -f ^'- ve.^ l,.st ^^.:.■„v^H..u'.t't^t' '";""' '"'™'^^ '-cl '^'''^' "» .iH.rt notice to .lose i > i , ? ""' '"' •'^''''""'■^^^'' ''"'l '"'o -""-•-no ,uatter In.wsi Z " j""'^''"^" ;"'^' ^•''"'" f'- the in- '"' '^ '''"-^ '- i'-ud as 'L^nH " "^"r'''^'^'-' '- device ,na, '>"--, and can a.ake pronn.te ,'" "" "' ^'''^ ^'^^^"^ -'vice in n.atte..s .ela in" 'J ::f ^i^ '^ V'^" """•'^ — ^'^ '•-;'' o«iee in wasinngtj;,:::;::::;^^'-'^^^^^^^^ Ji- -iating to Patents, Z: !: ^^^f ^ ^!f ^'^" ^"' '^">' ''"- I^^'-u Nolicito..s, Mont eal^ , ■ '' '"'r '"""' '"'--''-"al ' ^'^"•' <'» "'i^liington, D.c." INTERESTING TO INVENTORS ^""^ "^'^'.i;:::;';— V" - > ■'"^:^'z:!:zx'zr;r ^— '■.-'..« ""'<• of situations as well as in I "'""" " "'"^' "'' " '""'ti- -'-•i.co.n.suit,nnn.e,h..J:;r^;::- -n- Iwo..,. ON. a yeiiVH without exi)er- L'cl in the selection of a 'inned tliHt tiio.se wlio ■ Marion <»i- Marion, of •elialf tlie services of as ' practice before any of 3cilications or drawings ill- to end, luidor tlielr ■'''■•"■'' "HAns.MKxand •'0 secured, and are hkI claim for the in- icfited his device ,nay y Ji'ive easy access t(. lasses of the Patent d give more accurate til ose who JiHve no ed States, Canada r.r ■ 'I'lvice on any ,|ues. ■■'i'''>ii, Inteniatioiial on, IJ.C." )RS. ■\ III. ,11 .\trn()niT\ mc.s, N. y.j ndertakes t„ |,(, |,|\. ' i-^ true of a nmlti- '•■iw, and wo have :ioiis which ai-o the • piof.^ssionai woi'K 't'ii-|"i.ste(l spccial- "1 "it- jiatents hy i^ \\ A.silixuTo.N OKKK |.;.-AT|,A.\TU' HL II.DIXg. ' i which tl matter c have be! to seem vention. " A p is ]io.stc( lie can i and wat (iftcii al patents i ther, 1)1 valiiahie or appar " Tu t the vvrit( is a reyn necessar haste m ultimate "Thif a tiiorou ; ventor if ; the exp( struggle other hai allows, li every eHi a])le, to { general v " Duri - A' Marioi * resented ■I ■| test"d an shown in " The to the pr advantagi M(JNTREAL am> WASHINGTON. jwhich they are protected, this is painfully true, and it is even a Imatter of record that some of the cleverest inventors of our times jhave beggared themselves in health, ccjurage and pocket l)y trying Ito secure their rights without the help of such expert inter- Ivention. "A patent solicitor is of the first importance to an inventor ; ho lis i.osted as to the expense of any given |)rocceding in his specialty ; jheoan insure expedition as well as economy, and hy his regular and watchful attention to the records of the Patent Ottico, he is ()ftun al)le to save his client the labor and cost of applying for patents or inventions already patented, in part or in h,fo, and^fur- ther, by close distinction of inventions, save to the inventor valuable rights which would otherwise be lost, owing to a partial j or apparent interference with prior patented inventions. ^ "In the course of an interview with Messrs. Marion i^- Marion, I the writer had it explained to him that, in obtaining a patent there - is a regular routine to be observed, and that careful judgment is necessary in cases where, in the expediting of apj.lication'^s, undue haste may result in narrow and insufficient claims, causing ultimately heavier expenses and perhaps costly litigatiou. " This emphasizes the importance to inventors of the services of a thoroughly reliable patent solicitor ; one who will tell the in- ventor if his ideas are not new or patentable, and thus save him the expense and false hopes which would otherwise attend a struggle in which his cause was foredoomed to defeat ; or, on the other hand, the invention being novel and such as the (Government allows, makes the inventor's cause his own, so far as to enlist every eHort in behalf of the issuance of Letters Patent, and if desir- able, to procure the mean whereby a favorable introduction to general use may be effected. " During the years in which this widely-known Hrm of Marion * Marion have made patent business their specialty, they have rep- resented many large and wealthy concerns, and have hotly con- tested and been victorious in some of the most noted patent cases shown in the Auierican and Canadian records. " The firm are always i)leased to give inventors instructions as to the proper method of procedure, and may be consulted with advantage by those desiring to purchase or acquire an interest in 18 MARION ct MARION, -j^LfS=t,::;'=r;:::r;:;;;:;r;-7',"^ from the Patent OtKco Uuilchng. a fou- ch.u.s ;."ncl.-ea ,e.s ana .eeivec. his CL: :,::;:,;: ::rK"T' P..lytechn,.jue," .here lie ...uluatod with Iu.no viD .1 . t i- Lis undertakings, Xt^tis ""''''' ""'"■'^'''^"•'^^^■•^^ Mo i.s a member , f h P " t J w^ "" "r' ""'' "' '"' ^•'^' '^'■^"^•'^■ the American NNater W.S^A Ui ti^r^l^H-'V'' ^^''"^^•'" ' "^ Works Association ; of the Pr Hn rVn i '" '"'"'"'^^ '''''''"' Association; of tl. (.nadir's S/ /St TV"^"' ''"'^■^^■"- several other scientific societies. ZL^^L^r''''' '"' " now called into reouisition in .,11 7 ''""^ ces as an expert aro Canada. ' '" '^^ '"^^'^^ "^ ^he Tnited States an.l " This is the inventive age, so, let tho " M .i cial Times," su^cest to th^ f Mercantile and Finan- services of a c'Cn ik tl H I '"'"' ^'^'"'^ ' -^-^ f'- ifyoufailitwi betTefult T '"' "' ^'^""" ^^^ ^f™, then rewarded by . fortu e /' ""n'T '' ^"" '^"^^''^^^ ^"'" »->' ''<■ siders notldng i 1 worth ""' ''" ^''^'^^ °^ ^'"« I-Per con- ation, than this ofi^ce.' "^ ^ ''' '''"'^'^''''' '""^ — '-"l" DESIREZ.VOUS OBTEKIR UNE PATENTE ^ [From Ze /V/.. Co..../, Montreal, Jer Octobre. 1807 ] vo:r:-;:::r:rm:r;;;:T"'''''^^"^ pourI.gl.,ire. ' "'"'' '"'^ ^^'"^^»t'"«- ''« travailler ON. liofil vahio of iiivention.s uiiiuiiioutiuii with liotli liccN, ami havo coitus i» cV- Marion, then 1 succeed you may he 'r of this paj.er con- duce and couimend- ATENTE ? stolire. J8!»7.] ire de largeTit avoc intiez de travailler 7. ('no ii6 pri (Nir le p(lUl'<|ll tPlll'H tl Nouf MM. I p.iteiiti' dcs liiv Une cc I MONTREAL and WASHINGTON. 19 I ne mvention nobtiont une valeur co.nmcrcialo qu'Hpros avoir it6 prot^K^e par uno pateute, amis pus uno pntonte pr^paree jmr le prenuer vonu. Toute la valeur d'.n.o patoute dc^pend do loxpenence ot do n.tl.iletc. de la personno qui la pu'pHr.. et v,.il,\ p..uniuoi lo Com.ni.sH,ure a plusieuis f„is roconunaiulo aux inven- h'urs do cIu.iBir leur sollicitour avec lo pluH yran.l soin Xm.H cn,y„n.s dov.ir recnm.andor k nus loctears do s'a.lrmsor k M.M. Man,,,, & Marl,,,,, ,„„„• t,.utes i.,for„.ati„„.s au Hujct, dos patoi.tos. Cos MoHsieurH unyoiTont un joli liv.'o ilh.str,?, I« " (Juido dos I„vo„te,ir,s " a Unm cotix .|ui en for.mt la de,.,au.lc. tJne copie fran§aise de ce livre sera envoy^e sur 3s reception d'un timbre poste. 20 MARION A M.AKIOX IMTliNTS WHATARfcTHLY? •^ <7'-' is u contact n. J, i,rr::'''''-' ^" l-'f'"'"'- Tl.o «,n,liti,.„ . "' '"•"'"«slwtv..,.,.,„Ii.inn.s '"ised on then,. "" '™''"''"^"' ''"^l -H pafnts u.o Tlioso cniuli(io„,s a,.,, M,,., ,|,„ ,. c-Mition thai fl.o inve.Uo, .il, /, ""''"' "'^'""'' "'"'" "- And wliile tlic imti'iit it^,.lf ,i -"' •'•-■'vonh.r does no" ,"''"• ""^''"^^ "'- '""HliHons, '- 'iH' o(,ect of hi,.din. Id. ; ;t '"'''';''';^^'''''f''-'i-^-.t. nssumnce of co,M,>Iyi„. J^,. I " , • "•'" ' ''' '"' -^'''^^ ''is TIk. conditions of the contmct upon ulnVI, v.iry.n .-ill of tho nations and.., von '"''''"' '"'^ -'■'^"t'^'' '-1 wo, in proparin, this ' J?; ! "'7": ''"""^' '"•^'""^ •'^>'^'-"«. n-o concise inforn.uti..n wilH.^ d. ^./i: r'l^.'''';' ^'"'^^'"' -^' h .soff.n,. forth the conditions .u.d tl "'""'' ■"""' '■"'•'""' I" -'"-t of the countries ''''■'"'''' ■^'''''■■'"'''"t''^- l-t-'t can be obtained o K w J", '•'","" '•-^'■•"-. -^1 a '■^l..soh.te]y essential, and 1 L "'' ' "'"• ''^^ ''"" '■'^ '"-^^^-'.-••^u,, itis;r,;t/;;r"^^ .^""n« to the expense of a„ •u,„JiLi T''' "'^■^■"•"'•' ^'^f"^<^ '"'^"^ '-> ^'tton.ey's fees s Mr ^ " "" '"^'"'" "^ ^^— ""'-'-^^-•-^--^^wl.::^r;r;hei:::;r^-^- ' I'll, nuention is not THLY? 'n"i, I'onii (IcIiMfil llll|Hl iiiidor tliis •vi'iiuiieiit isNiiiiiL OS ll i\«' <'<>iiilit Inns 1 •ill j);ilcilt s flJl- will .'r.'int i(, III, ,V of tilt! iisoof tiir "f •iiiif, ii|i(in (i,p I <<{ lli;U |i(,.|in(l, llf.sc cniulitioiis, N Mil! .'11 )| 10,11, -llK.e. •■i"I> l"'>r;i|.;itL'Mt, n.s, lie yiviiij,. his •'I "11 liiiii, w|i(>ii tent '8 .i,'lVlIltl'd imtoiit systoma, t^'wircr ,111(1 i;U Ills .•IIU? C'liflit.S f;tc( «. in the iiiiionts. ioii is that (ho i-^yi-VL, and ;i i.se. As this is ['Illicit ion filoil Vfiitor, l)ef, iig "f Uovorn I < >i'e I'S liiVcntinli iv(!n(i(in is not NKW A lliitllill The ulicllii tiiill ^v iir 1110(1 1)0 mid as tn ;| p/itoiit) < Our , luocliai ^ "ur per ' iiivoiiti ;^ palClltf- I rnitod ^ a half 1 than a < t(p roinc patents niadi! ol uivon HI purpose WllA^ of fllO 1 which V suhmitti Patent ( ified, ct( iiicluduH I'atcMits classitioc iiisp.!cti( MONTIIEAL AM. WASHINGTON 21 m:\v ANi. r.si.;i.Ti„ IK. {.iiteiit can l.e ol.tained, and the inventor has iiiitliuig to show fof tlio money uxpeiuled. The inve.Kor should therefore i^et the advice of experts as to whether or not his invention is new and useful, and in this connec- tion we an, j.dad t,o say that any inventor wl... will send us a sketch '"• "i'"lol of h.s idea, and a description which is sutlicienlly clear to lie understood, will I'eceive OUR OPINION FREE as to whether the inv.mtion is useful and i-T!oi!AnT,v new and paten tahlo. Our opinion is hased upon practical knowled-e as experts in .nechan.cal constructions, electricity, chemistry, .lynandcs, etc <.i.r personal knowledge ..f the general state of the art in which the Mivention applies, and our long exi-erience in the ohtainin-- of patents. '"■ When the number r,f patents which have I.een granted in the I mted.St,ates, ( Canada, and elsewhere, is considere.i: (over one and ••t I.alf nnllion) it can l.e readilv understood that an opinion other than a general one, e..uld not l.e given, as it w..uld he inn.ossil.lo in renienil.er all of the const ructi,.ns shown in this vast nund.er of patents, and we woidd always advise the inventor to have a search M.aoe ot the patent records in ..rder that a specific opinion may he U.ven as to the pn.I.al.h, patental.ilit,y ,.f the inventi,.n. For this pinposo we oiler our SPECIAL SEARCH ($6.00). What it is. ( )ur s],ecial search is a sea.ch made of the records ..f the Patent Ollice to ascertain if any patents have been granted winch w.Hdd prevent the granting of a patent for the invention subm.tteetion) and pending applications are held in secrecy. Nearly 22 MARION & MARION, i»«ioui,u. ci J ,:,.,.,. ,™;,' ;■' "'" ' ■',"'»" «'«•» p«'«...3 .-.. .. "IK to m.i)0, that his application h.T f ^'''' '"""""^■ cxanuning tiie records in advance hJ; !T'^,'^^^" f"»»'» ''>' A fHvoral,le report will o e en.hlo 1 "' ^'•"' iHts in their inve^on. at W f ^ ::;:;;: ^oin^rest capita.- money necessary to take ont the pa en I th '' "" sLould be said that it is not necessary tnd nt ^ H """"'" ''' nventor has Constances who can col and ..> n "' '""'" '" '''"'''''''' '="- '^ patent, and who .^n^ t ^r" LdT' 'T""'^ ^" ^^^""^ upon condition of becoming the owne '""/ ''" '"""^^' on a vnluahle device AftPr fi, /"^^'""•'■' '" ••>ec"»'' « p„l>>nf I-atontability of the nventt /"'u '"' ''" '"'^"•'■•"■"-' ^''^ only too willin, t.i n oT " a n T""" ""' "'^"-^ ''^-■^""■^ .-^-i«.ooLrtnne::^r;-:;:;::-^ S\ MONTREAL ani. WASHINGTON 23 )een patented in the ■ed States patents in a lwing in that class, cases. Tliese searches Ottice and are thore- tlie Canadian Patent 1" in advance which ed States references, inventor is infornicd t cannot l)o secured. nm. If the inven- rit a patent, wo will free of ch;u\re. often prevents the ,' tf) secure a patent 1 he not made the ■ the fees, aniount- 3cted ))y the Patent ily been found hy ut 15. (XJ. Uo interest capital- of advancina; the this connection it nan (,f Jarf,'e means any inventor has ; B in moderate cir- tJccssary to secure Ivance the money rt of the patent. "jli 'ulnnirhui to .lecute a patent ascertained the nd many persons = they may partici- "ise all inventors, especially those who have not funds to ])ay the entire cost of patent, to have a special search made of the records of the Patent Ottice, in the first place. Our report, if adverse, will save them moneyi as they will not persist in fruitless ettorts to obtain a patent at a loss to themselves ; and if favorable, will enable them to make arrangements with moneyed pe.jple, who will almost invariably advance the cost of a i)atoiit in consideration of the assignment of a part interest in it, hut who would rightly hesitate to "put their money in the venture without such a certihcate of assurance. Correspondance et traduction en toutes langiies. Correspondence and technical translations in all langruagres 24 MARION & MARION, IJNITED STATES PATENTS. WHAT PATENTS ARE GRANTED FOR ''''-^"y . i>o.. . ,u " s ;t'""7""'T""^ -snot known no. „so.l '^.l.l.canfs invention ... dis o , tl ro 7"" "'""''"''' '""''"' ^''" salo in the nt St ,0; "'"/""' '" ''"'"■'^ "^ '"• "» ^^^^^^^.^^^^.^^^ Untcd .States fo. ,no.e than two year, prior to his i.so;;;::^:^.^rtCp^^^^^^^ -•••vontion in one application t^e Fa "-re han one distinct sa.no he divided ani'th a ij^t tm h'""' "" T"" ^'"^ ^'"' .listinct invention ho will ,«; " '^11:7' 'r^'^' "''^" ^••at the ren.inin, separatl invo: ., ^ eH t.ZI '^r'' v'' mated portions n.ay be patented by Hlinl " j!, 1 ' • '"" ^"'n,"but if this is not dono h ^'ivisional api.hca- ..ocon.e abandoned ^^ 'Zp^o:.;;::;;^ ^ "^^^ 1" :;; nz;;i:;;:r '^'r '; "- ^--^ '^ -^^-- - ^--'o ^ applicant tl" :^Z ; U 1 "f r""'"'^""" "■'" ''- -' portion of the invention be i S d ' """" '^'•""^'^^'"" STENTS. rED FOR. 1 .'irt ()!• process ; any III manufacture ; any ntnv iuicl useful ini- \ nwic-hino, iiianufac- •s not known nor usihI •ri 1)0(1 in any printed 1 country, Ix-foru the nioro than two years n ])ul)lic use or on |> ye.'irs prior to his to an inventor who 'S. AI'i'I,rc.\TIO\ liK JN(! OFTIIK I'OliKK.x n one jjatcnt, and ' than one distinct •ill require that the i.'red to elect which id ai)plication, and linated. The elim- ' divisional apjdica- ! so eliminated will for. But to apply :lency to invalidate iserved in this con- !• of these se{)arate iiplieation will lose ■to of filing. It is isional application o f^ il! •".ocA'dtr t>,H'- .,, ,,f; , iiin'., • '.O' If,'): A/ 'AN. v.VY '=<fra^> "/ '" /'./, „„„/ //. ,„,JI/. „/ „,„ ,/, ,,/ :,/,/,. ,11, ,.■,./,//. J !, ,^ i„i, ,. I „,.,/,, ii., /„,, .\:,r //,w,/,„ ii„„ l.irllii'-. i'.ilriil ,i;, I. ,;.., „l i,„l. //, ,./.,/ /.< II: l,,,„ , l,i,„l,,„ ,,.„,,.„, ,l„ ,/„ ', , , , ■•'■II' /.'// /..-/ / /V ' Jill tr-.-.tiiiuimi uilinnif V..-. . /. . .„,, / / I -'■■'! /'/. ...'/7//.}.l.itnit(i)tfnY I- !■ ■■,, '.../../ ,'.. / >/,; ,/ V/,, „',„„,/, „ ■ — . '. ./,,„ //. ,,„/.,.,/.//„,„ ■V ;-;. '"• ■/.'"■ /y. ■'..'' /.... ' y '/„<,,,,., ,1.. ,.,',/,-,„/,,,/„ ./.„„^./,,,„7, -'^^Z ^ i >^. .c. l(jrV OK 1-. s. I'ATKNT (il.'.Wr. patent |)r(iiluc A |l!l patent fiinetio The 1 I pateiitii use. Tlie s I if ineci result li . renienil i action v tlieir C( A acc(jnip] f -^ "'« patental While ln(•^ion i 4 Patent < aliy mall Paten teen yen 'Hie la 'if .sevenl granted I heir life of the ti •States ii;i MONTUKAL and WA.SlIIiVr.TON. 25 I o properly securo pr..tecti.>„ on a niacl.ine a,..! itH pr„cUK.t two patents are reqMiro,l-„ne for the inachi„o, the other for the product. A single patent which would protect both, would, as a j,'cnfial rule, he held to he invalid. I WHAT CANNOT BE-PATEUTED. A patent will not he granted for a principle or a function- th- patent must be for the mechanism for carrying the principle or function into eti'ect. . The mere application of an old machine to u new purpose is not ; l.atental)le. Such change would be held to be simply a double use. The substitution of one material for another, or the substitution of mechanical equivalents, are not patentable, unless a better result has been obtained. In this connection it will be well to remember that such substitution is patentable only when, by the . action of the elements upon each other, or by their joint action on tlieir common object, they perform additionzd functions and accomplish additional effects. A meth..d of transacting business or keeping accounts is not patentable. While there are no special acts or decisions making perpetual . .m-Hon machines, etc., not patentable, yet the requirement of the I 1 atent Olhce that a perfect working uiodel be furnished, practic- ally makes such machines non-patentable. i TERM OF PATENT. Patents, in the Tnited States, are granted for a period of soven- t.HMi years, without regard to ])rior foreign patents. 'Hie law makir.g the term of I 'nited States patents an absolute erne ot seventeen years, took effect on .January 1, J«!»8, and all patents granted prior to that time are not effected by the law, but have llunr life under prior existing laws, which limits the period to that of the first ex[Hriug f.u'eign patent granted before the United States patent. 26 MARION AZMARKm, WHO CAN OBTAIN A PATENT. provided I.e c.M.q.Iies with Ji tl, or roii .vity --« of U.O death of' the on, J ' ^.T^'h '■'""''■"'" '' c-Hp.'U.ity. ' '" •'^»""">«f'''vtor, but only i,. ,,i, ..(j^j,.^ JOINT INVENTORS. Joint iiivontois are eiitirl«,) ( • ■ . -i--.^ly. '...,e,.e,Zt i eZr /t"^; '"''^" ^'"' ^^''^"" ^''^' '•'^•"•""r ah.no. If h ve ir f ' ■ '"" "'"'^'^ ''^ ""'<»-' ''^ '■'"" ^'"^t the patent be'issn d t o the ""'^'"""^"^ -»^-» '-^ cli.ec- a.Hl the assignee jointly he \ '':'''""'' '"' t" the invento, to the actual issue of the L nt "^''^"'^ ' '"''^ ^'"■- weeks pno. WOMAN AS AN INVENTOR. f'ol.l of observation and though It 'f'''''''''''^''' "' the great woman we l,ave ^a-eat resources i, '''"'^""= *" I<"ow that i„ for hunuui progress.. ' '"''^^^"'y Po^ers and influences Her domain of in vestitrn (•;,,., i . i-tan.es, is clirectenST^.^^T ^""^- '"^ '" '"•"^'>^-' J'old in.ple,„ents that sell re ,% " "''""^' ""' '^""-"- P-ent beam,, the broad seal of the P^u^;; 1 m!r "^"'"' '^^^^''^ r >: ON, ATENT. fstand original invont(,r luMS of liiy iijitiDiiaiity, )(iuire(l I'oiidibiuiis. h,' ■'>i-, the iwtoiif will 1„. I>iil only in |,i,s ,..nM:,l its ; noithor can claim uate iinprovemonts ni ent; they must claim or a part interest in 1.1111 iiHiNt I,e made In riient contain a direc- se, or to tlm inventoi J NO issued, provided lice thn-.j week.s > c- r C t- c r tr y OR. lie result of woman's icement in the ^lau 'ig to know that in )wers and inHuonce.s 'iy 1)0 in individual utensils and house- lents and appliances 'lave Secured letters ce. I TlliF find () of the fi)rin. As ln't'Hclt midei's iliawin upon ti the v.'il tioii of Tlio ? of the V i lion is woi'dini would I I to detei 'I'ho spi • any one : and use I ho spec iii.'ike us Tlie p iniportfii training to doscri yot, on 1 judges o liave bei •specifica The 1)1 ■-{■•('citicai trained ( p.ii'ticuhi MONTREAL and WASHINGTON. 27 I THE PATENT APPLICATION. Tiii8 consists of the Petition, Si-kcikication, Claims. Dkawi.v.,s .•ind Oath. Of these the speciHcation, claims ami drawings are of the most importance, the petition and oath being matters of form. As the original application determines the point of greatest l.readth to which the patent can l,e construed, it will ho readily understood that tiie preparation of the specification, claims and ; drawings are matters of the greatest importance to the inventor, as upon them, the patent must stand or fall. To more clearly show , the v,Uue of these parts of the application, we give a short descrip- - lion of the requirements of each. THE SPECIFICATION. The speciHcation is the kkv-st...vk of the patent, for on it all I ..f the remannng portions must depend for support. If the speciHca- ;^ <.on IS prepared in an unskilful manner, l,y reason of aml>i,.uous wording, insulHciency of description, etc., a patent granted thereon ^ would be practically worthless, inasmuch as it w.uld be impossible I to determine the value and eflect of the clain. and of the patent I he spec.hcation vr.sT be so "full, clear and exact as to enable - anyone skilled in the art to which the invention pertains to make and use the same." And such must necessarily be the case, since •hespecihcation forms the only basis upon which the public can ; niake use of the invention after the j)atent has exj.ired. The preparation of the specilication is therefore of the greatest nnportance, and should only be done by a person having extensive •■a.mng ,n this particular branch. It appears to be an easy matter t- describe an invention, and set forth its objects and advantac.es • yo t on looking over the decisions of the Courts, which are the"sole' judges of a patent, it will be f..und that a vast number of patents Have been declared void and invalid by reason of a defective spocihcation. The brainiest legal practitioners do not undertake to prepare a ^|.ccihcatiun leaving it to be di.ne by some person especially trained to this work. They tacitly admit their inability in this particular line, although they are authorities on legal questions 28 MAIUDN A' MARION, I legal Iu>uin.rie.s well kuou- that althuu^l fl... I , tion -that Mtsi he "full c\o'u- ..,,,1 '^'^''^''^to tho specihca- ..«.,.„™...r'^v^::rr''":,r;;;:::';;'r':::;r: In tact, the .speciHcation mu.st ho Di-epared uifh .. f • , suHicieut t.. guard against attacLs ,.f every liKl nd „ t '".'f ""vy l>o hrought to bear against it at Tfu u.t 1 ,"''' "''' ^^-^.•«..vetheadvau.^e.e.:;:it;;S^ Ihis .service must iiecessarily he e^nert a, ,-• . i ii'H iiiiiHt contiiiii, ill points oil which thf any ci.seH mo iiii|)er- 10 oxport), it cun hi. Iioiild not be left to it.s for in volitions c.f ictiu'or leads others to of tho patoiit. Suits ues of patent lawyers, •oiuents n, yet these claiiiiN ■■ merit in them, hut oct to the spocitica- aiid the least defect thorn bo in such a vifo with little or lie to withstand tho able to Krasj), by ventions, and such iined with a know- it and in a constant the ability to ure- lor that their full any possibility of with a foresight 1 and nature, that )eriod, where tlu> i t and research. ! nnofc be furnishod | I) >rUST LKAVK THK I Witnesses : VlL^lor (Xllarcl/ Invpntor Attorneysi HKI'UODICTIO.N OK (,m.; uv (H K J.KA \\ i.mi.s. MONTREAL and WASHINGTON. 20 jiliii!iidi!i;,iiiiii. U/tuarcl/ Inventor M ..KK OK i'Ki;.'AKATioN TO NovK'K.s. Tlio Hvem<;e inventor does not Cdii.sHlertliiHpointandsenclsliis work to the lowest ImUler, with ;^he conse(]uence that twenty per cent, of tlie patents granted are |iot worth the paper they are printed on. Ho linds, when it is t(jo late, that he hns beeti " j,'ohl-hricked " and regrets iiis folly in .sav- in;,' the small difference in cost, this saving, thougii small, being .siillicient to cause tjio difference between a worthless and a valid J.atcnt. Tiio in «tor would do well to follow the e.xample of the inanufactur^iv. in tliis respect. Too nnicli skill can never be exercised in the i)reparation of a ■.specification. ' 1^'razer says : " The drawing up of a complete specification is an operation ^vinch rcpiires the utmost care, skill, and attention, f..r the rnliddy of Ihe patent ,rM dcpmd ,m Ih!, donmmi heim, .le,u; ecplml, and rur.nmdaatml" "Few inventor.s will venture to assume a task which is calculated to try the capacity and experience of the ?no,s/. (die prdfcuaionid man." (i^idson says : " In the specification the invention must be accurately ascor- . lained and particularly described ; it must be set forth in the most imnute detail. The disclosure of the secret is cnsidered as the iprice which the patentee pays for this linuted mouop.ily, and therefore it ought to be full and correct (for the benefits thus -secured to him are great and certain), in (n-der that the subject of -liis patent may, at its expiniiion, be well known, and that tlie h'ublic may reap from it the same advantages as have accrued \to him." THE DRAWINGS. The preparation of the drawings should receive the same care and attention as the specification, in fact, the specification and drawings are of almost etiual imj.ortance. Wiiile the speci- fication nmst l»e comjilete in description, the drawings must -clearly set f.,rth wh;it is meant l)y the various terms and phrases fused in the specification, serving as a l,ini}) by which the J nivention described in the specification may be clearly seen and .; understo 'd. Attorneys I \\\ I.NtiS I vent,... fully ,,„, '^^°- They n.ust present the in '"ton.Ied to ,.e disclosed .,,; 17 V"" '"""'^ ^^'^ ^'^ -'"-'^ '^ I'i- Hg.u-e.s of the draw ! . T,;:'""" . . '-•t«. -Hi a sulHcient nunil.er st ho V"" ' '^'"'"'^ '''''""■ ^''^ --y portion of the invenliZ 'td .rf: T ^f ^^"^'^^ '^'^^'' -' "•ent on an existing, n.achine snftT '* '"* ^"' '"> '"'1""V' ^•'--iy indicate to lu.Uu^.^'^T' T' '""^^ '^'^ "^^^'' ^ " '" '"«Hts nre attached. ' ^ "'" "'^ '"^'^^"'"^ ^he in^prov.. A great deal of unnecp'j«..mr f,. i i • --•^ion of .ppiicatiol^X'^: ;" ;;;;;^^-;--ci, in t,. p.,. views are drawn. This is caused . . "" '"''" "" "■'''^•'' ^'h ;!'-tio,..„,H.nited„:;.r:^^ ^:;;r"" '• '""'■'^^^ ^"^ t""' always works to the disadvTn ^ f ''^^ ''*"°'' ^''""^-'^ vio- cannot show the in^n ,' i"! ^ " r^^'^-'' - ^he snm^ . views of larger si.e TZ '""''' ''^^'"' '•^"^' '-•'^'"•"ess . ^'-wings n.ade .J ^a^ J ^ '" /"'^ ^"'^^ ^ ^•> ''-« t,.^ ;;n'^-'-.ard,essonh:::z^:;t:;:^'-;^^ I'e money well invested as it will i /'"^ ^^-^^''^ cost will 2 ;:::;--o„inan.;eatti;;;^i;::- ^-uty, clearness a.d l^Ir^l^. "f'S = :V'•^^'"^''• '^^^'^^'^^ P'««'''lo patentable feature of f ■ '"'ngmg out every ^ -"' "'-t critical inve t ; r '""'""" ""■'"■'•^- ''- "'«•- 3 .spociu.enofourdrawh^i;l ' '"^""^ ^^" ^^•'" -"^ ^^u a ^ THE CLAIMS. -X^/irifl:;;' :!';; ^'^« P-'-t u.ust contain ■spocilication, but ,nust be drawn '!''"'"^''' '"'' '''^•''''"''«'» '» ^he •""«t be for a con.plete const Jl """ """"""• '''^'^'' ^^'""' and the necessL, por;!:!:: " S^:::'"'^^^ ^'"^^ l'-^-'---, lowest degree, yet leaving ,> • '""^ ^'ondensed to its f- felt as "to ;L , :el^ ';,::^ :^""'-';^'"" ^"^'t "" doubt can '"e'«ifc. 11.0 clann should not contain any HON. ise, and must coiif„rin t, l^liey must present the in no doubts as to what ,. on. a size to clearly show tht "lo as will .show each an,l ■I patent for an inip,„v,,- eu.s must be used as will i machine the impruv... ften caused, in the pn,. '^mall scale on which the fctempt to illustrate the ' (I'-awing. Such limita.. le inventor, asthesnw.^ • 1 'ItJtail and clearnes,'. , ' P"i'it is to have tl,c| o clearly illustrate t!i,.3 ts. The extra cost will 2 v of the presentation^ therefore more salable t perfect, elegant and > in fact, their artistic g "1 hringina out every > " ■surprises the oldest 3 we will .send you a -"^ ^tent. It must c(»ntaiii < and described in the manner. Kach claim 111 sutHcient elements t3 must 1)0 eliminated » *= f- .!,„ c,« „, .,„e „„,, „ ,;;^ . iri:™''";;, r'"' *'■■" tins i-cmittaneo we i.i-,.in.,n,. , "'""•'»«■''■ <»n recoiijt dt whic,. include u..r;!;^:rr;:^;;^^^^^ Hppruval and execution. « )ur letter t,-. """''"'' ^"'' «l...ul.l acco,,,,,,.,,, a„ e..oc„.c.- ov ^IN a PATENT. .) '•''' ''l•^\viIll,^ or iiKKlol, L'SLTihu liis invention in f-'i'iuN. Iftheiiivoiitiim "i'tii'Htivo jiart.s ill tli„ fiuiiiioivus and lofer t„ •'Itice, ImLit will „hm 1 acoiii[ilicatuil invoii- '> useful ill illu.stmtiii^ '^d«l- If an invent. ,r i« ')>' express m- mail ?r tlint ire maij identij.j "!• nintlel (a .special ' will, without oliurye, entahle. Clients can tlie case. If so, J'L'd in-ernincntfee(jf Si.", "inos. Onreceijitof ill appliuatioii paj.er.s, Npeci(icati<,ii, claims * the inventor f,,r »g the formal j)a|)er.s hIo of execution ami 'o f'Tiiially executed "e of our fee -^25-- ifcliiii (i niontliH after HKC KI'TIUX HALL-.MuXTUKAh Ul-l'Ui;. f?l MONTKKAL a.m. WASHINGTON. 33 till' ii|iplic!iti()n 1ms boen oftidnUy allowed. It will thus lio soon tlifit tlio ontire cost of ohtaiiiiny ;i V. S. jiatoiih tlin.iii,r|i oiiruLjeiicy, \ ill ordiiiiiry casus, is 8<>5, iiicliidinjr all fees and tho cost of dniwings. . It will also be seen that wu nv ka no charge for our services until we have prepared all the formal papers and drawings to properly liresent the case to the Patent OHice. Si'i' iiK,/,' i\ far cos/ (;/■ are the ru(|uisitea|)idieation papers, and forward them fi.r execution. Our fee nf .S25.00 should be enclosed with the executed [.ajiers and promptly returned to us. Don't Di:lav. —Inventors should tile apjilications fo)' Letters Patent without delay. Patents are awarded to the first inventor, and he is the tirst inventor who first conceives the idea, puts it into practical form and promi)tly declares his claim to it. TIME REQUIRED TO OBTAIN A PATENT. It is quite impossible to give the e.xact time required to secure the allowance of a patent. It depends on the amount of work in the division in the Patent Office to which the application is referred. They are over thirty divisions, and they are more or less in ■u-rears with their work. The usual time re i^et irhetht Hlowai j^ecauHi •biy nil k'ctioiii IJi'eomt ftiitent. I In tl Jmendi lid, af povel e fiither Bread tl |u lings ] If th designa it the iJiiiited |xact st I After ixamint Ittornej present ^ Whei; i , «oiiie b^ ' After t tijioii th lion of t paymenl iiiay be lies froi pistrict ION, MONTREAL and WASHINGTON. 36 LPPUCATION IN THE S. Patent OtHce, it is tiiNi ', Hiul, if HO, it i.s j,Mveii ;i it is Roiit to tlwit division :t-m(itter set forth in tl ■ tile in the order of ii 1. 'atont OfKce, ivnd to tlu in each, it is iinpossil)l( will he acted uponaftti oni three weeks to t\M pal Examiner in charge ul portions of the appli- sis of the first action, to l>e considered on its ts already issued in this l)lications, caveats, and lether f)r not tiie claims acted in whole or in part cision beinj,' embodied ; to the solicitor having' official communication nd within six months e paid, or the case will ibtain for his client all ; task to perffjrm upon such rejection may be • anticipation by exis' bly be.;>use the case is making the examin unine carefully all tlif ; of the application, tv ^dgo of the value of such objections, md to prejwre such an Wii.Mulment, if deemed necessary, as shall overcome such objec- tions, submitting with the same such argument as may bo advis- able. , If upon a rejection the attorney, from lack of interest or skill, or f • get his fee with the least work, strikes out the claims rejected, Whether or not they were properly refu.sed, and thus procure 'iii iliowame ui.on the claims which the Examiner is willing to grant b.ciuHe of their limited scope, or if he improperly and unwanant- »My narrows the claims or makes them so specific as to be unob- fcrtionable to the Patent Office, then the application so treated S.oonies of little or no valuta to the applicant when it issues as a [^.'itent. I In the preparation of the specification and claims, and also in •mendnig the .same, the attorney should carefully study the ca.se, |nd, after a.scertainini: fully the scojio of the invention and the povel elements thereof, he must designate them l)y generic or broad Jither than narrow and specific terms, giving to each claim a breadth and scope not otherwise obtainable under the present fulings of the courts. I If the attorney lacks skill and experience, he will be apt to designate the novel elements by specific terms which, while they It the particular elements shown, yet are so narrow or of such Biuited application as to practically restrict the inventi(m to the fxact structure shown in the drawing of the patent. : After an amendment the application is again con.sidered by the fxaminer, who may again reject it in whole or in part, applicant's fttorney, after each acticm, being entitled to again amend or |iresent new arguments in behalf of applicant's position. < When the objections raised by the examiner have been over- |ome by argument or amendment, the application is aHowed. I After the .same claims have been a second time or finally rejected Jpon the same references, an appeal may be taken fnmi the deci- iion of the examiner to the Board of Examiners-in-Chief by the payment of a fee of twenty dollars, from whose deci.sion an appeal jiay be had to the Commissioner of Patents, and a further apj.eal lies from the Commissioner to pistrict of Columbia. n m urt of Appeals for the .<» M.UiKlN * MAKioN, '- "i^od l.y U,o Patent ()„ic. we ^ ,C T';'""?'^'' '"'^^"- ^•I'ari,'.! f..r the time spent i,. H. '"''" ''" ^*''" ' '-.onan.ent.,sud.ol.J : .; ,'" !;7''^'''^''''' ''^ ^'^ "~n aUe as possiMe. Who" an ', , ' '""■"'^'■' '"-"'"- '•'« '— ' ^n«;;na,....eentnj;r:;;:';!-i::;;— ^ of the cHse. v mtM wicn tne mtrieai \ .1,1::,^;;'::;,:''::,:;,':: "■ "~'"" '"«• =-» ""-™« ■■■«- IM0l,i„e itself . ,„„| „ I , ' '" '""'<" '''■'"""«» lv«. tl. "r « .'. .;;':;":;::::■ -r.: r v" °""' " - EXTEA DRAWINGS. the Pah,,,. <.,H ',' :n :" .^ "'° '■';"" '■"■•' "^"""•■""" ■■' Kf .llVnvi,,;; ,-l,,„i,.„,|. "'*"■'" '"' ""'' "JJitiulml ,|,„W Our exponeiac teaclies us tli;if if i. .. ..•erv .le„.i, „, .ni.y,„ti„Xt ";."7„ "" '"?' "' B, u,i» ,,.„„„» „ f„i,i„.. eLu":,:; ; ; ^™;" •^''»™- iiivamhly secure thf i.w,.f .. ^- r . '^"^' ^^atent Ufhue, anil period of tin.e. -^t.sfactcry results i„ the .shortest ON, " "f "10 Hp|ilir,ui,,n I, invoiilMr nil t\m. Iiu e el(^Hrly ontitloU totlu cute lusoosHury iippcHls Plicilfi,,!!, Ills.) tho |l|0 iNoiml.lo extent, unci in iiistaiifo.s, particuluih i"lc')UiplicHte(l patent. :e(l to iimko fill oxtiM tioii nf the iieceNsiirv Ivor, huiiiu ,is re;iis(.ii ii'y our fee fcr ],re],,ir. ies with the intricacv CHSO.S roquii-iiig iiiaiiv |)reNence of „ne „f „„', e (Iniwiiigs fr„i„ tl,, in.il'.e fill extra cliarire Hie drawings jinil in I. I'jwtent it sonietinic.> slieet of clrHwing (,, i» and regulati..ns of expense of filing a,, Jach additional sheet well sj)ont to show executed drawings. ! Patent UtKue, anl Its in the shortest I vSitnesses. ! ^ ^ -2/ ^Tr-n ;^tk. S'''^ K,L tr T>>;'e>Attorneys HKI'KOKICTION OK (INK ok oi |; lilt.\ W I.\(;s. J wilt jiiiittei' 1 i Now fiiiay 1)1 |)lo])01' i|U;iiitit 'I'l.o ; iiieiUc. the (ii) . are ti\>] i moi'o 11 7 fees iu( A Cii cliiiin ) to aiiot ; eaveatd of tlie (J inveutii W'lic) lion or flevico ( [)roteLti < )ltice, f at the e fee imiH if not rt The 8 in an ii] Hutlicien ini' cliHi MONTREAL and WASHINGTON. 37 EXTRA CHARGE FOR LONG AND DIFFICULT SPECIFICATIONS. When thu .specifioatioii lias more than five jjages of typewritten iniitter, an extra eliarge of Sl.OO will lie made for each additional l)a|,'e above that number. MEDICAL COMPOUNDS . New medicines or compounds, and useful mixtures, recipes, etc., niiay be patented. A minute statement must be given of the exact proportions, methods and ingredients used in making a given ipiantity of the new article. 'i'lie expenses to apply for a patent on a new compositicm or tmedic.l compound are, ordinarily, i?40.()0 (.sin.OO in advance for the (Jovernment, and .SL'o.dO for our work, when the documents , are approved by the inventor) ; when the jtatent is allowed, ^20.00 I more must be paid within (5 months ; total expense, Government feus included, §00 W. CAVEATS. (U. S.) A caveat is a notice to the Patent Oltlce of the applicant's claim iis inventor, in order to prevent the grant of a patent to another person for the same invention without notice to the caveator. It comprises a si)ecitication, oath, and when the nature of the case will admit, a drawing. It must be limited to a single invention or improvement. Whenever an inventor has conceived a general idea of an inven- tion or nnprovenient but re(iuires time to perfect and mature the device or to complete its details, he should tile a caveat to insure [irotection. (Javeats are kept in the secret archives of the Patent Ottice, and atford i)rotection for one year. They may be renewed at the end of the year for an additional year, and so on. A renewal fee must be paid in each instance. After a caveat has expired, if not renewed, it loses its protective effect. The same exactness of d.-^scription is not re([uired in a caveat as n\ an application for patent, but the caveat must sot forth with suflicient precision the object of the invention and its distinguisii- ing cimracteristicH. '3 38 MARION tt MARION. TRADE-MARKS. (U. S ) «l»li 1.. |.r..d„c« „r ..11, f,,, »' Int ,, '"° '" '"•'■«l'-1is. 1 ne honeht of re.nstrv Pvfnr,,].. <• -y l.e renewed fo. a further ter.n of thir^ ^l " ' '""' '''' - )teji,'i.stniti()ii at Kie i^atPiit < >f+^ • ,, tl.Ht the party ve, , teri.t the t T "'^ "'""" '"'"" ^" ^'^ -"•'■' "xolusive property """■'^' '^'"'"'^ '^'"^' '^-^ - '"^ t^-eof, .ppiiea to n.erch.;ai!r: :t i::!!;" ^"""T'^'-" ^Veg-ve advice as to whether L. '"^ ""']' ^^"^^^ "'■ I'-vckages, regiKtemlde. ""^ Particular „H„,e i« prohahly or arbitrary. '''' "'^'"" '^'^"I'^^^l ""-t l.e purely fancFful I'or o\,'iint)lo, the word^ " V„m if ,. ir-'". «■«'■ ^-. ■ .«..! lo L ; r,""-,,'" " f"™ ■"■ l'eiis"could not lu. rp.n^f^ I '^f'^'ft-reii- iiio words "(J„],| registered. "P'wnza (rold Pens might |,^, | Tile cost to register a trade mai'k i^ Sir. on ^^ , • , « «.■".".... ,„„ i, ,.,,„, , .,„„ „;:!:;»,fi:;;;;,;f »'-" *« o.,v. ? 1 0.,..,,, d.,i,.i„ ,, I, „,,,„,,,_^,. ^_^^^,^^-_ ;_ ; ,. " '""" ■""""" '« ■■■ «».. i».™,.c .„e i,,;::,:,;,;;::: ^ 3N, niioii.s covered hy M,eii, ifliiiLi; one slieet ofdmu. Otillf. S.) 'tentOfKce, whereiip.,,, tratioii. > oi-eiiihlem used ]>y a 3Hrticlo of iiiercliaiidiM' Jrs, in order that siuli liat he ina.y secure tliu rity. Ill of thirty years', an.l years. ■ notice to the uorM lainis the same as his fanciful name or title j tnip, or coinI)ination ^f veloj)es or packages. U' name is prohahlv tide cannot l)c regis St 1)6 purely fanciful "g '"^"fip " cannot he lied hy a device or Tlio words "Gold ■ f"i' "«t* upon pacl^ old Pens " might he MONTREAL and WASHINGTON. 89 'f wln'ch the G ov- >i'ds or devices have lire the information without delay by application to Marion A Marion. Exi)ense of search, §5.00. Those who desire to procure protection :..r trade- marks are rcciuested to conununicate. PRINTS AND LABELS. (U. S.) An act of Congress i)rovides that prints and lahels may l)e registered in the United States Patent OtKce. By tlie word "print" is meant any device, picture, word or uords, figure or iigures (not a trade mark), which is impressed or stamped directly upon the articles of manufacture to denote the name of the manufacturer or place of manufacture, style of goods, or otlier matter. By the wora "label " is meant a slip or piece of paper or other material to l)e attached in any manner to manufactured articles, or to l)ottles, boxes, or packages containing them and bearing an inscription (not a trade mark), as the name of the manufacturer or tlie place of manufacture, the (juality of goods, directions for use, itc. Six copies of each print (ir label must l)e filed with the .ipphcction, one of which will l)e returned certitiod to under the seal of the Commissioner of Patents. Such registration will con- tinue in force for twenty-eight years. Tlio total cost for obtaining fi certificate of registration is $20.00. I^egistered prints and labels are aasignal)le in writing. We pre- pare such assignments. Cost of preparation and recording, i-io.OO. DESIGN PATENTS. (U. S.) The laws covering the granting of patents for new designs are of I lie most lil)eral and comprehensive character. A patent for a design may be grtmted to any person, who has invented or produced any new and original design for the printing of woolen, silk, cotton or otiier fabrics ; or any new and original impression, ornament, pattern, print or picture to bo printed, I'aiiited, cast or otherwise placed on or worked into any article of manufacture ; or any new, useful and ornamcMital shape or con- hguration of any article of manufacture. Design patents are not granted for mechanical or other inven- ^^ ^lARrON .\:- MARION, tions ; the scope nf the :losi<,n p.tonl is v.hv l,n,ad. The natent. Ufa uuclnue nmy, in :uhUu„n tn the ,nv.tec-ti„n ..f I , , Dfifi'iu -Ju,, 1 . • , ■ pioceccioii ot Ins niecli»uu<>a :—."r;:r-':;t '^rr '^''" '^'^^ -- — '^■■ ,^ 1 1.0 total c:.,st of a design p.tent inchuling one si.eet of drawings Patent for three and a half years ^,,,00 fatent tor seven years Patent for fourteen years. . '-',',',.,. 4 , *' Oifjjif desired. ^"^' ^^'"'^'^ I^^tent is COPYRIGHTS. Coj)yrighta are -ranted to authors invBn^ , .,11 'iiHjiois, in\enti)rs or uronriefors .,f ^ ;:;;^ ";;;!•' ^''--J ^-"-ie or n.usical eon-positiL, '^2. Then.ethodof procedure is to record the printed title of th. >-k, or prn>tedde.crip-.,nof the photograpll, etc., in he offi .. theL„.,.nanofCon, ... This uu.st he done he o ! or composition IS iiuhlisii ' T,,-,, . • . '>- ''"t- '>ook or comno.iti,,,. f •", '"'"' '"' ^''^■^•""^■"« "f the hook UO -'i'y-yl't-l uu,st also he forwarde.l to the a : ; ""r" '" "• '"'""'^ ^''^^ ''■•^•>- -f I-ul-Hcation. (f it ,. a H.'iK ot art, a photograph thereof should he fransudtted ni I -u,e nianner The printn.g ..f the i...,., etc.. and th ^ e ' f.'ou. uh.ch they are printed .si l„. ,„ade in the I'n te Stat " ">• ,.I, „,. I c ILcrea as u oil as for complete "iJiKs. iiiacn uuiioeror •! ■:ii' ■ 'I'l,,. fin , f ,, . , ■ ' ' ■ '^4"ires a sei.arato copyri-dil 1 1.0 title of the penodu-.d ... Id include the date and numher." ' "«♦* )N, y lin.ad. The |)iitentw ctioii of liis iiiecluuiical uiy now oriiaiiients (.r y Olio slieefc of i's 01' ijioprietors of inipusition, en^^ravin^, statuary, etc., for the lirinted title of tlie I'll, etc., in the office done hcfore the hook 'pcciiuuns of tlio hook 1)0 forwai'dod to the puhlicatioii. [f it is e transmitted in the - and tiio plates, etc, 11 the I'nitod States, their full name and musical composition, he painting, drawin- light as author, do t bo sent. The cosi tizen.s and -S'fi.oO tn well as for complete se[)arate copyright. ate and numlier. '>^' /x. 'w MONTREAL and WASHINCxTON. 41 Copyriglits are assignable in writing. Sucli assignments should be recorded in tlie office of the Librarian of Congress. Cnpyrigiit certiiicates will bo sent to applicants as soon as ! they are received. MARKING PATENTED ARTICLES. All articles made or sold under a U. S. patent must be marked " Patkntki> " together with the date of the patent. Where it is not practicai)le to mark every article, the package which contains tliem should be marked. ASSOCIATE WORK FOR ATTORNEYS OUTSIDE OF WASHINGTON. We give special attention tr. -Patents of Invention are granted f.y,,hteen years, subject to the payn.ent of prescribe! fee and proper worI-i|ii'i.)i|,ii I Ici'M- |,)i"c.-m;i((.'> ,s|ii:ill| r.io'ritn i„i •>/„/ii,„.,/i(,, [ ,iii I ■^'nhu\\ /„.i,/f,„/,,,/l„.i„,,,i.i,i f,,i,„i,. „ii„f,j mil ,1,1,1 iii,ii,K'U .>,t(l,! v>i iM-r (.i \, ( ! ..-I .ClTuiiiihii, ,1 III,,,!, iiii,„li,„ i,,,,il.ii„„l mill, ,/„,i/„,,l,.„,^ ,ii„,ii,i ,ii,l,/„,i,, ,, 1^1,111,1, Vll,J,li,,l,Mfi,i,.i.l, „„_ „l,.,lf„,ul„„,, „„,l l,„ 1,l„l„l l,i\ ./,„„„/, „l 'j''''''ij".'^..' .'. '^'''-''■'■ "^ '■ V>' '■■■'. ,i,l„i„l,i„, ,l,„l /,„ } Illy „iiil,l,„l ,1,11, ll„ ,ll„i ,i,ii„„i„,„l,,/ il„ itil,,,/ 1,111,,,/, „l i.;i,i„l ,l,,l„t, I ,/lili„i,l,i ,iti,l l/„ . I, h , III,, n,lfi,i/ l/„ .,•!„,, \lir 'tillli{i'li llii {ililiill I'lllnil ,i..,„l,l, ,/,, ,.,„/ ,iiiiii,i., ,i,i,i„„,,i„ii,i,i„i,ii „i,„„„i,,i,i,,, 111,1 „,„.i„, I,, ii„ /„,„,/,/ i. li|lllnil !j„ii,i/„ ,„ //„ ,/,/, ,j III, „ /,„ „ „l, i/„ , „/„ „,, „.il,i i„„ ,/„!, „„i 1,1, ,1,1 ,1 iii,il:i,i,i, ,,i,jli,i, I, luj, i„,l ,i„i„i „,iil ,,„,/, ,„! I, ,ll„,i I, I, ,,,,,/,„//„ I I I iiihiiiii i|('llllililil III, ui;l„„,,il„„.u,//„l „,,,,l/„l,„ I, „,li„,l„„l,, „ /,,,„ „„,fi,„,/ 1/ I, ,lljiiti III iiiiiiilulu „ .'I'll I llltll , ll,„l III, ,f„,„l I,, „l,l „„,,l, ,,„,ll„l I, ll„ „ ,„l,ll, „,,, „l,„„.,l ,„ Vl„ . 1,1.1,,/, I, H,„/ .iTii liiiiliiil III iii|iiiiiil /,, //„ i,,,i,,i<^'<.i,,„„.,i,„,,,„ii,,„ /„,„l I, ii„ ^IIIHIIIII, 1 1/ .fill, „li ll„,.l',il,iil il„,ll,,iu, „l'll„ ,„,l,l Si .'■-( ,/,„,, /„ ,„.l,,l, -I III,,, ll,i ,.i/iii!il„ I, ,/ ll„ ,M,I l,i„,.ll„ li, 1,1,, lli,i„l/„„ill„ I „„„,l /,, ^lii I I'll" f_]j^}J*^"l /ill I iil'il III 111' \ 'l.)illlll'lll)'M|ii(ii| III,,,. I„..„„l, „l ,„,il„„„l „,i,l ,.i„„.lll„ l,„l.lll„ ll||,|,l|>||lM A /,/„„.-»/, "//"•//■'"/",l lli|i|LMilil.|„.|„' liii(iiiiii.|liluihlil ( ^20.00 before tlie oxpirutidii of tlio twelfth year. No prolongation of time for nmking tliuse iiHym.- ili, i)lication. Oil! KKK for obtaining an extension of time to import is SS.ttO. tl in 44 MAIUON it MAHTON, COST OF CAUADIAN PATENTS. 1. <:> per sheet, and also s] per extra pagoof spocitication, this heing jiisi fiurticient to compen.sate us for the additional time and \*ork li'eces snrily involved. SPECIAL SEARCH. When, upon receipt of a .sketch oi model of an invention, wc think there is doubt ;is to the novelty of the .same, we advise a Spe- cial Search of the Patent I^^cords, the cost of which is s.-..(((). (See |iage 21). We do not undertake to make a search ,,i;>li,. Sueh searches involve labor, .and we expect to be pahl therefor. Sonu; ofl'er t,. make searches free, but we cannot afford to do so. When we und(!rtiiko to do a thing, wo do it ; we do not pr<'lei,d to do it. CAVEATS (CANADA). A caveat u, a notice given to the Patent Ollice of the applicant's (caveator he is called) claim as inventor, in order to prevent the grant of a p.itent to .another per.son for the sanu; invention withmil notice to the caveator. It comprises a specilication, oath, and, when the nature of the case will admit, a drawing. It nuist he ,u limited to a single invention or imjirf)vement. -M '■, '. Whenever an inventor has conceived a general idea of an inven- ^ tiou or improvement, but reipiires time to perfect and mature the device or to complete its details, he .siiould tile a caveat to in.sure prot.'ctioii. C,iv(!ats .-ire kept in the secret .ireiiives of the Patent OtKce, and alford protection for (.ne ye;ir. ^ nsurc ives of tiio Pfitent ifiiesses ]!KI'l;(iltl( 'lloN ol' iiNK (II' ,•111 i; i)i;.\\\ i.\(i.s. Tlic f in an a[ sutlicier ini,' u'liHi only 1)0 and tlio Cavi^d may bo CilVCH Oflico. The t Ciovernii A 'I'rai AM) AlU! tlldSO of itself or 111 Cai i:l-NKI(AI, A (km the varic husinesH, tioii is of foe 8r>.0() A S[)oe a particu liiiiiti'd t( atioii of t on. Cost It slioii tlio iiisf, 1 as a Tr.'ulc the ])Iaco Tiado J ation eiitii <-'Hnada or registered All IQin MONTREAL and WASHINGTON. 46 U.e same o.-cactne.ss of description is not, required in a caveat as m an apj.Iication for patent, but the caveat must set fortli witl. sulhcient precision tiie ol.ject of the invention and its distin-uisli- ni- characteristics. From their nature and otHce, caveats should on y he prepared by skilled and experienced patent attorneys and and the so-called rli,ai> ones should be studiouslv avoided. Cav.'ats are not assignable, but the invention^ covered by them may be assigned. ^ Caveats cannot be tiled by Canadians in the United States Parent ' 'flice. The total cost of a Caveat including one sheet of dra« in- and Government fee is .SIT). 00. TRADE MARKS CANADA ($30). A Trade Mar!;, within the meaning of the Act, is a nisrivcTiVF ^M. AU.iiTKAav MAUK Used by anyone to distinguish his goods from ih<,se of other people, and may be applied either to the article Itself or to a box .,r receptacle for containing the same. In Canada, Trade Marks are under two heads : spkcific \m. ' INKKAr,. A General 'iVade i\rark is one used in connection with the sale of llie various articles in which the proprietor deals in his trade iHismess, occupation or calling generally, and its term of re-istra- 'inn IS of unhmitcl d.U'ation. Cost : government fee .<*;{() 00 Tmr ii'c sr..oo, total s:{r».oo. " ' ' A Specific Trade Mark is .mo used in connection with the sale of .•I particular class nf nierchaiulise. Its term of registration is li'.nted to twenty-live year.s, but may be renewed before theexpir- ation of that period for a further term of twenty-five year.s, and .so -'". ("ost : government fee .«!2r).00, our fee i:?.-^..00, total ,*;;{(» 00 It should be noted that mere de.scrij.tive words of ,,uality and o pnor to that set out therein. The ca.so i.s argued by counsel and decided by the Patent Office on the argument and evidence submitted. The patent is awarded to the first inventor. 48 MARION .^ ^[ARIOIS', Kx|ifiieiu:cil couusul is io(|iiirod for tlu" siuaos.sfiil conduct of iiiturfvieiico cases as ymil skill and exijerioncc is necessary. Tck. niuch caro caiiiidt he taken in the i)re|>aratiun design.ited amount on each ai'ticleor numherof articles made. Cnderwiial are u-.. \othe was not censuring either the Patent Office or its Kxaiinners. The law upon the subject of patenting inventions is not always Ill-rally construed; and the technical rules thereunder evolved and applied .,y the scrutinizing officials of the Patent Office-each mlus own discretion-aro usually strict and, son.etin.es, harsh • a.ul the actions of the Office under these rules are, of necessity-' .... account of the great press of work-of the shortest and n,ost .I-.sn-e character, and are often utterly incomprehensible to the applicant, m whose miud the deciding official is pictured as a ""^1' whose time is unlimited, whose patience is inexhaustible and whose learning, wisdom and sound judgment are not to be 'piestioiied. Inventors are usually modest; and, often, would hesitate to l.m.g their devices to the notice of the Patent Office were it not that they are spurred on by their friends. When, therefore, an oihcial letter IS received stating, curtly, that the supposed invontion is anticipated by the patents of " Brown " and " Smith " in view ..f/he patent to "Jones," and that the application is therefore .■ejected and a patent refused,-the applicant is apt to say to lum- sel , I hat settles it. I thought my invention was a good tliim. a.id new, and worthy of a patent; but, if tiie Commissioner writes 1.1 tliat way about it of course I shall give it up." But suppose the applicant has some curiosity ; or has receive.! encouragement from some one who kn.nvs of his invention • and a ter examining the grounds of rejection, finds tliat his mach'ine is shown ,n no .>ne of the patents referred to, and writes to the oHice to that effect. If, in reply, he should get a letter stating that .^.nith shows a wheel like his, and Br.>wn a receptacle," which (^^ «'JI« BO MARION & MARION. takuii ill view f)f the levers shown in Jones' patent, form "a full anticipation of his supposed invention ; that while it is true, a ditlureiice exists, it is colorable only, is within tlie province of the nieclianic, and does not rise to the dignity of invention, and that his application is, therefore, a second time rejected,"- -would it not 1)0 natural for him to feel very .sniall, and utterly quenched, l).\ tills dictum of the great Patent Ottice ? ( )|iicial actions of this character are (juite common, and difficult to Iiandle. 'i'he law. as construed in the courts, and exhaustively discussed in cases laid open in full view of the state of the art, does not authorize the Ottice to grant a piitcnt on ;i device because it is novel. The judicial re(iuirement is, that the device must have l)eeti //uv/ito/- that i.s, must possess invention. One of the moist useful articles ever put on the market is the ruhlier-tipped lead pencil ; and yet the patent for it, on suit in court, was declared of no force-- because flien; iras no iuvvnUon in Hie ilevirj'. Consideriiii; the usefulness and success of this meritorious conjunction, it is not impossible to believe that, if the court could again decide on the validity of the patent, it would reverse the former opinion. Hut. unfortunately, the court was of last re.sort ; and the decision remains, and takes its share in guiding the olHcials of the Patent Orticc in their work ujion new aijplications— each examiner apply- ing the precedent as his mental eijuipment may dictate. And the Office holds that before a patent can be granted uixm an invention, it must aiipear to be "sufficiently useful and im portant," as re(|uired by the statute. Who is the judge of this ^ The Examiner alone decides it— each for himself— and, as there are numerous examiner.s, eacii having his own .special class <.t inventions, it is obviou.s that the amount of " usefulness and importance " required in ditlerent cases will vary as widely as the mental characteristics of the examiners themselves. The doctrine of "double use" is fruitful of rejections of applica- tions for i)atent. It has been decided, by high authority, that " a new application of an old device can be pronounced ' a d(aiblo use ' only when it is used in substantially the same way, or with no modilicatioi) which ]'e(|uire.^ more ilian ordinary skill ; " ami that " when r((/(i^^(/ /on is required to .secure the new result, in ; lit, form "fi full ■hilo it is true, n e province of tlic 'entioii, and that icl," would it not 'v]y quenched, \>y ion, and difficult istivcly discussed the art, does not ice hocause it is lovice must have One of the most Ijlier-tipped lead , was declared of nc. CVmsiderinu unction, it is not in decide on the I opinion. But, lid the dei'ision lis of the Pateni ex;iiiiiner applv ictate. be granted upon ■ useful and iiii ) judge of this ', f— and, as theiv special class ot ' usefulness and as widely as tlii> I. jtions of ap{)lica- authority, thai unced ' a doublf ; lie way, or witli | ii-y skiii ; " and ; new result, in : vt'iifion is Wiiere in uum' ilmn Tliose (|Ut iiicully we piacticnl i C'i.sion JH II with each with refer tho Pjiteii' volition — 1 forcibly \n Mr. Jus hail very u .scar(;ely a an old thii involve an; make the ji ami the liri It is con It will bo difficult to the plan of requires st the contrai Other di tion as to V liatentable good judyii especially wrench on lil)eral cons In one cji probably e more peifei the referen embodying i'omhin(di(n\ MONTREAL and WASHINGTON. Bl > "iittoii ,s j.n.sun.u.l ; and tlic new orgHnizntim, may be imtontccl " Whole 18 the judge who decides whether the .i..>dUicati..n le-iuires m»>v th„n .mliwinj skill, ,n- whotl or there is or is not .uhiptetion ? I l.fsu ,|uestions are deciUud ii. the mind of the ExainiiuT tt-ch- nually well-versed in the state of the art, I.ut-as a rule-without I'lactical experience, to any extent, in ' Hue whereon his de- cision iH made. Tlio province of mecluii, ,11 varies in its sc.n.e with each Kxaminer; and it often varies ,he same Examiner with reference to inventions in ditferent arts under his division iii the I'atent Uihce. " A.laptation " often the m;.,n feature of in- vention-may receive hut little .onsideration, until its heari.,.' is forcibly ju.inted out by some one skilled in the art. Mr. Justice Blatchford. one of the most able jurists, who has had very extended experience in patent cases, said this • "There is scarcely a patent granted that does not involve the aj.plication of an old thing to a new use ; and that does not, in one sense fail to involve anything else, but the merit c.msists in being the first to make the application, and the first to show how it can be made and the first to show that there is utility in making it." It is commonly supposed that a simple device is"easily patented It will bo readily seen that it is an errone<,us idea. It is very difHcult to see iuvention in a siniide solution of a difficulty after the plan of solution has been pointed out. A complicated solution requires study, and therefore aiipears more meritorious ; whereas the contrary is true, and it should bo so recognized. OtherdifHculties meet the inventor in prosecuting his applica- tion as to whether his claim presents a true amlnnation which is patentable as an invention, or is merely an ac,.,mintinu, involving good judgment. A,,p]ications for iini.rovenients in wrenclies are especially unlucky in this respect. Yet there is not a perfect wrench <,n the market ; and inventions in this line should receive liiieral consideration. In one case, the Commissioner said : " This wrench, as a whole probably embodies more points of excellence and is therefore a more perfect instrument than any wrench exhibited by any one of the references cited by the office." And yet he reiects the .l.-nm omliodying such points as not being a patentable combination A rombmatiun has been defined to bo " a union, in one thii..- of J ^^. IMAGE EVALUATION TEST TARGET (MT-3) yj^ m A :/. % 1.0 I.I |J0 ™^ If 1^ 21 2.0 IL25 III 1.4 m 1.6 F^^ ' Photographic Sciences Corporation 23 WEST MAIN STREET WEBSTER, N.Y. 14580 (716) 872-4503 iV L1>' ^9) .V <^ ^» % ^ 52 MARTON & MARION, several elenienta, CHch of wliicli iiioJitied tho iictiou of noun; of tlie otliers. An iKjyrcgation is nn assemblage of parts which have no mutual operation upon eacli other." 'Die former, if novel, is usually held to be patentable ; while a claim to the latter is not regard'>\ under the present practice, as patentable. So, Hiso, a claim may l)e regarded as l)cing, technically "func- tional," or it may be " vague," or the drawings may be " insutti- cient " or incorrect. Very often neither the inventor nor his attorney cm understand drawings, and they rely upon the work of a draughtsman who has no idea of the matter further than to fol- low (often incorrectly) a crude nrndel or sketch. When such a drawing comes before an official ei{ually wanting in the draught- ing faculty, it may lie readily seen that tliero will lie "insuHi- ciency " found .somewhere. The I'ateut Kxaminer .studies over the device, and thially concludes that, nderfully profitable. The " return ball," a little wooden ball with a rubber cord attached, realized for the inventor S80,(MJft within three years ; the Lead I'encil Rubber Tip cleared its inventor .sJ()<>,UIM» ; the .Metal Rivet or Eyelet for Miner's Coat and Trousers Rockets brought tho inventor a hand.soine fortune ; Boot and Shoe Heel an.l Sole Plates of metal cleared Sl,8r.0,0()() ; tho simple plan of fastening Powdered Kmery on Cloth made a fortune ; the F{oller Skates cleared .'*J,(»()(».()(K) before the craze died out ,• Copper Tij.s f<.r Shoes netted millions ; the Simple Needle Threa.lor netted SiJO,()()U a year; toys and playthings have cleared thousands- Dancing "Jim Crow " netted .^75,000 per year ; Pharaoh's Serpent cleared ^70,000; the "Wheel of Life" cleared 8o( ),()()() ; the Chamaleon Top brought a fortune, tho " Pi-s in Clover " puzzle in one year, niude its inventor a fortjiine ; the Pencil Sharpener cleared a fortune. lilu iiii|iriive- it llio pHtont. su. will (ifluii niteil Stfitos II,', wlion pi'o- • from tL'ii to pivtonts of 1 us tJK' tulu- ;s, wliicli iiro I will better lent in straw !.st((rn St/ites, II in cdsli, or womleifully ith a rubhor lithin three )r .SI()(»,()I»(); iers I'ockets [ Shoo Heel >ple plan of ; the lloller Copper Tips iidor netted thouaands ; dIi's Serpent 5(»,(J()(); the ver " j)uzzle 1 Sharpener JL Tlio h it has in< cl»H|) for claHj) en Only II I littlo «tr more coi pi'ovunio Ifitost of Ixittles, ' cork, m(»,( MM> oj)ciied I ludi'iied ( 500, (KX) we.'iltliy. of ink h1' The "sh are no lo this idea promises tho prine Wooden H pouring inverted sums hav trivance i 8lii)|)ing < Vance mil made by simply in and prevt been earn ago, by \v copy of fl more thai MONTREAL ani. \VASH1N(;T()N. fl7 Tlio hall Hjul-Hockjt glove fiistoner is ii French niftu's idoii, uii.l it has inii.K' him rich. A HUcccoHHful invention Ih the doiii)lo hiill- c1hh|) fur pocket books iind hiwid Imgs. It is said that no sort of clasi. can lie popular unless it makes a noise when it catcheH. Only a few years a^o a lucky man tlioi:,i,'ht of putting a couple of little strips of cork on the iioso-pioces of eye-},das8us to make tliuni more comfortable. Nearly all eye-glasses nowadays have this im- provement, and tivvvy pair pays a royally to the inventor. The latest of the very pn.litalile small inventions is the tin caji for beer bottles, which is taking the {.lace of corks ; it is cheaper than the cork, more convenient and keeps the beer better. Metal lemon- wpiee/.ers are undesirai)lo, because the juice of the fruit acts upc.n the metal and makes i. pcjison. Not long a.,'o, soinel')ody thought of making lemon-H(iuoezers of glas,s, and the idea -vas just worth *!r)0,rKM» to him. Tin cans are now made so that they can be opened by simply striking the top a smart blow. Ah soon as he learned of the invention, Armour, the Chicago packer, ordered 5(K),(K1(> of the cans, and the inventor is already independently wealthy. The automatic inkstand, which keeps an equal supply of ink always ready for the jjeu, is said to have earned .^20(),0()(). The " shading pen " has earned a sum even larger. Shoe-buttons are no longer sewed on, br^t are api)lied with a metal fastener ; this idea has been worth a liig fortune. A new contrivance that l)romises to be very proKtable is a whistle for Bicycles, made on the principle of the siren fog whistle. There was S500,(XM) in the wooden shoe peg, but the inventor went insane just as wealth was pouring in upon him. Another gold-producing patent was the inverted glas.s I)ell placed over gas jets to protect ceilings. Great sums have been earned by the barbed wire for fences, and a con- trivance for shaving ice. A " hump " on a hook to keep it from sliupingout of the eye has made the i)roprietors of the contri- vance millionaires. Hundreds of thousands of dollars have been made by Denni.son out of his 8hii)iiing tags. The idea consists simply in a little ring of cardboard that re-inforces the tying hole and prevents the sti'ing from tearing out. A lot of money has been earned by the little brasis clip fastening, patented a few years ago, by which sheets of pap(>r are held together. Vet it is; an exact copy of a contrivanc* in bronze that was used by the Itomans more than twenty centuries ago. In fact, there are not a few 58 MARION & MARION, I HI') modern inventioii.s wiiicli are in reality merely reproductions of antiijue contrivances. One e done in various ways : by advi'rtisiiiiieiits in newspapers, by canls, cir- culars, pamphlets, etc., or by local and travelling agents. / 60 MARION & MARION, Advertising should be done Ijy the patentee, in his own name !ind address. He thus makes the invention known to the public, receives the direct beuatit of all replies, and his money does not go into the pockets of swindlers. WE DO NOT BUY OR SELL PATENTS, but confine our business strictly to the subjects mentioned in this pamphlet. Neither can we procure partners for inventors. The most we can do is to secure patents for them according to the terms explained in this pamplilet. By giving our time exclusively to procurintr patents, and to causes in court involving patent law, we can reasonably claim to do better work than if we had a side speculation in selling, buying or advertising patents. ABOUT SELLING PATENTS. While we have had no experience in selling patents, we have been brought into contact with inventors who have been successful in selHng them, and for the benefit of many impiirers we submit below a few hints which we hope may be useful. 1. Have a substantial model made, one that will show your in- vention in its best light. Do not employ a stranger, or a firm in a distant city, to make your model, but have :t made at your end of of the line and under your supervision. 2. In all case.s where an invention can be advantageously repre- sented by engravings, the patentee should have them made, to be used on bill heads, letters, pamphlets and circulars. He should, however, remember, that it is bad economy to have poor pictures. There are firms in all large cities who make engravings, or we can have the work done for you at tlie rates published herein. li. If you have a chance to sell a town-right or shop-right, do so, no matter if you get a little or nothing for it. The purchaser of this town or shop-right may, by his industry and good judgment, pave tile way for your future success. At any rate, you will have gained his services in your behalf and, at least, have made a start, while you will still have plenty of territory in reserve. Others may bcuomo interested aiul purohase rights, and once the public sees the worth of your invention, success is assured. IS own name o tlio public, ey does not ioned in this intors. Tlii3 rding to tlio s exclusively patent law, '6 had a side its, we have m saccessful we submit ow your in- r a firm in a your end of ously repre- made, to be He should, lor jjictures. }. or we can in. •i.^ht, do so, )urchaser of I judgment, lu will have ade a start, ^e. Others the public 1'. S. .M.\l;i(iN, .Ma.\a(;i:u I:m;ua\i\,; |ii:ivmitmi;\ ■.ST. MONTREAL and WAvSHTNGTON. 61 4. Wo know nf many iiiventors who Imvu nmdc monoy by Himjily veiling farm, county, State and whop-rightH, and if an in- ventor does rot wish to undertake the manufactuie of his inven- tion, this is a very desirable course to pursue. In estiniating the value of |»atent rigiits for different states, counties, etc., one very connnon method is to fix the price with reference to the pop- ulation. The license and royalty plan is often the most profitable method of Helling j)at.ents. This, in effect, involves a contract between a patentee and a manufacturer by which tiie latter, in consideration of a license to manufacture the article, agrees to jtay the patentee n Hpecilled sum for each article made or sold, and warrants to sell a certain number each year. The patentee of the chirniey spring, now Hr» commonly used to fasten glass cliinuieys upon lamps, was accimtomed to grant licenses to manufacturers on receiving a royalty of a few cents per dozen. The inventor of the .sewing niachine received a royalty of five dollars on each machine, and his ainmal income was estimated at several hundred thousand dollars, (ioodyear, tlie inventor of vulcanized rubber, divided his patent up into many different rights, licensing one company for manu- facturing rubber combs, another for hose-pii)es, another for shoes, another for clothing, another for wringers, etc. Each company paid a license fee. The inventor of the loom, in like nuinner divided his patent into many different rights, one comjiany weav- ing carpets, another corsets, another bags, another sheeting. Do not make the misbiko to .-iuppoae that a i)atent is a fortune in itself. Success with a patent will, like succe.ss with a farm, a factory or gold mine, depend on management. Finally, do not refuse any reasonable cash offer, but accept it, letting the buyer take the chances of proving the inventir)n a tinancial success. CUTS AND ENGRAVINGS. Having made special arrangements, we are prei)arod to execute photo-engravings on metal, atfaclied to wood bases, at the uniform rate of 82.50 for cuts NOT EXOKEI)lN(i SIX S(,»UARK I N( 'H ES (;$ X 2). Twenty cents per s(iuare inch for cuts of larger KJze. The charges are based on making the engraving from any r,|n'^' 62 MARTOX & MARION, s-ll i) cents per s(|uare inch. None made for less than We will cheerfully respond to al! in.iuiries, and are prepared t.. give satisfaction, both in reasonable charges and prompt service. The money must in all ca.ses accompany the order. Our Entire Engraving Department is under the personal supervision of Mr. P. S. Marion, whose 16 years experience and recognized ability guarantee satisfaction in each and every MONTREAL and WASHINGTON. 63 111 do not iii- tirst making ct liguroH on r>t exceuding o rato of 15 sirud cm )jo ivoll to ordiT •der fur tliu ype to print V tlie I'iitent lNnot UK > hy clients, ills, suitahlu i cannot be s or elect ro- : for " llalf- i»r le«s than prepared to it service. e personal srience and and every FOREIGN PATENTS. To the preparation and prosecution of ap[ilications for Letters l*atent in foreign countries, we ha\'e given special per.sonal atten- tion for many years past and have been most successful in this particular branch, of the patent practice. Every conscientious patent solicitor in the United States and Canada kno\v.s what a large number of K\ir(jpean patents granted to their clients are UNCERTAIN AND EVEN WORTHLESS, liecause the specifications, translated from English, are misunder- stood and do not exactly correspond to the original. Li many agencies the proprietors are clever engineers and counsellors in patent law, but they do not personally understand the various languages and are obliged to confide the care of the translation to clerk.';, who even when they know well the idioms, and this is not always the case, have received no technical education. This griev- ous risk occurs more particularly in the nuinerous Eui-opean States where no examination takes place, and where the Commissioners are obliged by law to accept even entirely meaningless specifications. We can vouch for the utmost security in this respect for the simple reason, that all English specifications are translated by Mr. J. A. Marion or J. W. Marion personally, and both join serious knowledge in technology and languages with several years experience as translators of patent specifications. Better work cannot be had. In every capital of Europe, our long career has secured us the most reliable and experienced representatives. Compare our WORK with that of any other first class firm and our PRICES with those from any reh'ible agents. You will lind the advantage in lioth lies with us. 'lf¥ 64 MARION it MARION, CURIOUS GENEROSITY TO FOREIGNERS. Very few ii.v(.|,t..is w,,ul,l take Irss tliai, !^|,(MM» f,,r tlioir I int.Ml .St,iU..s..r('H„,.ulia.i Patonis, yot iiinu-tenths of our patentous roally pmsei.t the entire world, o.Kside the I'liited St.ttcs an.l ('anada with the fruit of their gciiius by iiegloctiMg to jatoiit their invent ions iUjroad. Tiie inventor looks to reap a rieh reward from his invention liore. Why would not the same invention he e<|ually or more valiial.!,. al.road. where the population is more concentrated, and where the invention therefore would ho more easily handled than in this comparatively si>ar.sely-poopled country ! Twcnty-Hve thous- find United States and ("airulian Patents are granted each year Amongst these are many devi.'es <,i great utility and value. Very few of the.se valuable inventions are patented abroad. It .seems aliuost incredible that these invent i-ms are actually presented to tiic people of Kun.po, whereas by a trilling exnenditnre the inven- <""« >""hl have been patented in all the principal Kuropean ••""ntries. Would not the.se inventiun.s, if patented abroa.l, have loftdily sold ^rm in each country ? Ves, and probably four times this sum could have easily been obtained. DO NOT FAIL tn apply for foreign patents, before .some one el.se has lod.'ed his '•I'uiu as the prior patentee. The sale of any of such f.u'ei-n pat- enl.s, even at low lignre.s, will enable you to work vour patents oksewhere. For example : suppo.se the inventor has patented hi.s meritorious .levice in England, France, P.elgium and (Jerinany. lie lins his (Canadian invention established, and he desires t.. put his Knglish patent on the market. We can generally readily .sell his French and (ierman j.atents through our as.sociatos for en.m.d. nu.ney to enable the inventor to take his family to Kn-land where, being conversant with the language of the country he can stay until his Fnglish jiatent is di.spo,sed of at a fair price, or satisfactorily placed on royalty. THE KINI OF FOREIGN PATENTS WE SECURE. M.u.y .irtoineys. nhose charges for foreign p.atents ,are consider- ably higher t h,u, our own, will inform you that our i.rices are simply 7. t i, * ;; - pm as. ito f..r tlioir iiiipiitenteuH St;it( aiiil pfttoiit tlioir IS invuntioii lly (11' more itrat(,'(i, and .'iiidlud tluvii y-tive tlious- oacli year. !ilue. Very . Tt •resoiitud treit,'ii pat- mir patents itcnted lii.s imaiiy. lie til put liis lily sell his tiir on((iiL,di ' Kiii,dan (K» is ma, u on each patent. A reduction of .W.tM. on each patent is ■"■''I'' "M nrdors for at least six countries and *4.(K» on each „atent when at least ten countries are taken. "■' receipt of $l.,,,o for each country in which you wish to secure patent, we will prepare and send you the application papers with nistructions for executing then.. When the papers shall have been returned to us together with the balance of fees, as per above staten.ont we will promptly proceed to secure, and in due course sond you the patent. ' WHEN TO APPLY. (Tnde, the old law the term of the American patent was li„>ite« •» the American term beu.g shortened to live years, or oven being extinguished altogether when the American app bcat.on was delayed by long an., vexatious interference pro- Z7 T ";['"\^'^'^"* <'"'^«' - '"4'Pened with son.e of the Kdison 1 d t ■ 'r T'""' ''" '''""•""' ••W'Pli-tion, even if prior to the date o. the foreign patent, had no ellect in n.itigating this rule im.v.de.l the American patent issued at a date later than the for eign j)atent. This le.! American attorneys to advise their clients against tilintr f..re>gn app.ications until the grant of An.erican patents was assured, and a practice sprang, up of waiting until the final fee had been pa,d and t en arranging to file all foreign applications sin.ulta- neously on the date of issuance of the patent, or so soon thereafter a.^ to preclude the possibility of a copy of the American patent being sent abroad in season to invalidate the foreign grant.s must nLk? H '"'"'^- "'"" '^' '^P'*''''"* ^'^"^g '^'^^"'"t^l^' tl'e first to uke he mv....on known in that country and which are made woithless by pi , publication of any kind. uJer.f'''ti? ' •' :''*''■■''•' "'" ''^'' '^'''' ^""l-i be advised iindei the old h v , ,.. „ : .,- t« the American inventor bein.. barred from, or defrau... .L .i. entire rigl, abroad, either by^he p.^ 4;^ r Euinpeiiii lit) nite of nf $2.(H) In piitt'df is it'll palonf >ii wish to ion |lll|IO)'B mIiuII Iijivu per Jiliovo U! course, lis limited y ymntud 1 conHoiit, ed to live Aniericjin Slice pro- le Kdison prior to this rule, tlie for- nst tiling L'jits \v;is I foe liad siiuulta- liereafter II pfiteut its, most I tirst to ire made advised !j barred the pre- MONTREAL and WASTTTNOTON. «7 niiituri- pul)liciilioii of a deaoriptimi of liifi invention while ho was wailini^ for his American pnlint to ho allowed, or hy an application hy sonic iiidcpciidant fon ijii iiumtor diiriiiL; th.iL interval, or else liy Honii) iiiiscrujiuloiis person in liiis country ohtainini,' kiiowlcd<,'o of the invention and IiaHtoiiing to secure foreiL(n patents as the hrst coiiiiiiunicator : a peculiarity of most foreii,'n patent laws hein^ that tiio first api'liciuii, or the tirst one to coniniiinicatc, is alone entitled to the patent. This has been chan^jed by the amended law, and now an applicant can apply abroad at the same time that he applies in the I'nited States, or even a period not excee.{!> and endure for (5 years. They en.brace all sn.all inventions ■such as cuhnary ustensils, tools, toys and such other arlides as are complete ,n themselves and capable of being had as articles of trade. (Jerman patents cover the entire German Empire, includin.r I russia, Bavarja, Baden, Saxony and Wurtemburg. BELGIAN PATENTS ($40). This country is the most ,>rogressive little country in all Europe I he populat.M., ,s more than six millions, and manufacturing indus- tnesarecarr. on extensively. Good American inventi<,„s find a ready market there and can be .p.ickly sold at a good proKt. Ihese patents cost $40, and endure for 20 years. AUSTRIA (160). Patents are granted for the term of fifteen years, but will expire with a prior foreign patent of shorter term. (\.st, « .\n„li c«U.o„ n.ust be made before the invention is published or used in A Span are grantt has becoii tion has li for ten yt two years two years of patent. Patents tion must become ji previously expiration Duratioi must be m that it cai the exhibi application MONTREAL and WASHINGTON. (]\) a complete D is but $(H) id, Ireliind, [an. !e, with its issues tlio s and costs Iior people cal patents years and m therefor t. Model tents cost iiventions, jles as are irticles of includinj^ SPAIN (160). A Spanish patent covers S[)ain and all her coh.nies. Patents are <;iantod for twenty years if applied for before tiie invention has lieconie publicly known in Spain or elsewhere. If the inven- tion has been already patented abioad, a patent m.iy bo obtained for ten years, provided the application be made in Spain within two years from the date of the foreign [latcnt ; should more than two years have elapsed, the tcn.i will be for tivo years only. Cost of patent, ^OO.OO. ITALY ($55). Patents are granted for Hfteen years. Cost, igD^.OO. Applica- tion must be made before the invention has l)een published, or become j.ublicly known in Italy. If the invention has been previously patented abroad, application must be made before the expiration of the foreign patent. NORWAY (?50). Duration of patent, fifteen years. Cost, .?.-)0.00. Application must be made before the invention is so well known in Norway that it can be carried out by <,thers. Publications in print or the exhibition of the invention will not defeat a patent, if the application be made in six months thereafter. 1 Europe, ng indus- ions find od profit. ill expire >. Appli- r used in 70 MARION & MARION, COUNTRIES WHICH OUR CLIENTS USUALLY SELECT AS THE BEST IN WHICH TO OBTAIN PATENTS. Groat Hiitiiin o (;() ^•'"'^^ '.'.'.'.'.'.'.'.'.'.'.'.'.'.'. m Belgium ^,^ CJoi'i'iaiiy (JO Austria ,,,, TT ''" Hungary ,,„ Italy -- N"^'«'^>' '.'.'.'.'.'.'.'.'.'.'.'. Z Denmark .-/) Luxeiiihurs' -n " oil .Spain and Colonies -.-, Portugal f-,> ^^"'^^"'^ ..'.'.'.'..'.'.'.'.'. m Sweden Of) Switzerland ,-/, New South Wales ^■^^^ Now Zealand ry^) (Queensland ^.q South Australia dO Tasmania /.^ Victoria j.^ Western Australia -- COUNTRIES ARRANGED GEOGRAPHICALLY. EUROPE. A""'^''''^ §!(]() Belgium ^^1 Denmark r.i) Finland ,,,-,( | France UO Germany ,.„ Germany, (lobrauohsmuuster ;;.-, Gibraltar ' i ..- Great Britain dO Greece. . Hungary Italy Luxeml)u: Norway . Portugal. Russia . . Spain and Sweden . . Switzerlar Turkey.., New Scat New Zoala Queenslan South Auf Ta.smania . Victoria . . Western A British Ho; Costa Rica Guatumaul H(mduras. Nicaragua San Salvadi Argentine ] Bolivia . . . Brazil British Gui Chili Columbia. . Ecuador. . . Paraguay . . Peru T Uruguay. . . Venezuela . JELECT AS NTS. s CO ()() 40 (iO 00 (iO nri 50 50 50 55 70 I(i5 55 50 (iO 50 (iO (iO (JO 00 75 LY. .S fio 40 50 250 00 (10 35 1.% (iO MONTREAL and WASHINGTON. 71 ^"^^'^ 500 "•'"^'^^y (iO Italy ^^ Ijuxeinburir -r> ■., " »0 Norway ,,. ^ •' ;)0 Portu<,'al ^^ Russia ,/.^ ., . 1()5 hpam and Colonies. y , *>t> .Sweden ^^ T)!) Switzerland. . r,-, ^'''^^y 100 AUSTRALASIA. Now SoiUli Wales ji^ ^.^^ New Zealand '" - , Queensland ',, ,^ 00 houtli Australia m . 00 J asniania Victoria ,.,, ,,, (»0 Western Australia ,.- 7o CENTRAL AMERICA. British Honduras oif-t. Costa Rica Guatuniaula ' Honduras ,,,^ •»T- 400 Nicaragua , .j^_ San Salvador ' „ ioO SOUTH AMERICA. Argentine Republic ^.-^ Bolivia '' ' Brazil '.■^\y^\\\\\\\\\\\\\:::. tl British Guiana .., ' ^f •,; '■■-■-■::::::::::::::::::::::::.'Z ^."^•""^^'^^ 200 l'"''-'^''' 200 l^'^^^^y 4.M1 f^'" 2!»0 ^^"«"'^>; 300 Venezuela 72 MARION & MARION, 1^ ^1 WBST INDIES. Bahama Islands ^^20 Barbadoes 1 2o Bermuda 4(u^ Danish West Indies j.^r, Grenada o-jo "''3'ti '.'..'.'.['. 4m Jamaica 2()()' Leeward Islands 2(J() Sh. Lucia 2'«( St. Vincent o.'jo San Domingo ^I^^ Trinidad 210 ASIA. British North Borneo jSj j^O Ceylon "l„3 <^hina.. ;;;' 250 Hong Kong jo^ ^;"i';^ 100 Straits Settlements jr,!) J'M«» .■■..■...............'..'.{»:} AFRICA. British Buchuanaland 8140 Cape Colony j.jrj Congo Free States KjO Oamhia (lU-itish) 2i»0 Gold Coast Colony 200 I^'iSos 265 Liberia 240 Natal j()(j Orange Free State 34O Sierra Leone 2!X) South African Republic 210 '•'»'"« no Zululand jgr^ MISCELLANEOUS. Ciiannel Island — Guernesoy $80 Channel Island — Jersey yjj '«t n .S120 . . 120 , . 4m . VAr> . 2:n) . 4(M) . 200 . 2«0 . 2:{0 . 2;{o . 400 . 210 .$180 . 110 . 250 , 120 . 100 . 150 . 185 . im . 1(K) 290 , 2()0 265 240 KK) 340 2!)0 210 110 155 $ 80 80 MONTREAL a.vd WASHIN-*dLr ^ '^ -^ d-^*^ ^^p-t^ y^^pc^~^_. y : ,. I. "% 76 MARION & MARION. WRClUtHWnT fnx\ AIAUU4MI(N.M<*lStf L<3L.M.A>1^ ^ '^S.^Cvfe^ t%.^--^Vr ;;5-^. <^i> '<^ — ^^ — JT /I - £^ ^a,.^^^ y^'Cw^^ c<^^^>r^^ S.-yu^^.^^a^ ■^:2^ ^^^ ^<^^.f*>-*-^!^ i!* <2*».- <«i» a-tiLtr^ ^i^ . -d^^^ /^!^.,^Cr^tL a^^tfi.^ Qt<^^^y^,n^ ^.^T V^-i- r i^^^ ■<^^a ^- '•>z ^.^-^ .' yV»- *^-«.-«Z<^»»' 'a^e^t^.*- Qa- <^ 'Z /^'Z' . '^f <^ '•=2 ^ /'V9'i J^ &Ct t*,, i >•«• »M.Hf •' l.|..„.. t^ CM»»Tt«|0 PAItm. ACIHIt - ■ 4 .) , ^n iith iinqrtjm HuiUtjtp. (L'hannrp lian*. -*•3ll,Tn^4Jll. uty 17th •1 (C. '••"■•" O'fml. IPHnctr, iia, t„<,. 111'!, Hessps Marlon & Marion Daar Sira, re Foods Enrichment Synaicate UtH, We have recolvea your latter of the 7th inttant .nolo.tnj Canadian Utters Patent in this case .and thank you for your yrcpt ♦ttentioa. We hope shortly to « end you further oaias tor Canada. Yourji y. <£:£<,<. Vxne. 7 th itiry lam k^A^tn ll^He our yrompt or OwtadiL. MONTREAL and VVASHIN(rn>N. W ll MtilAN. Kt. lUR iO« ^•i •• ca*( t 111 i.ii >I< I.i;an ^"(',(>. Woj^^u. '\\. ',' > ^'-Tf^'rsKZ.-^:-:^ I«! »' /^ I ^^r^M^i /^..Cii. /f . Marlon k Montrc {•ntlaasn,- patent No. 51,4! ihsreon, for whi MONTIIKAL AM. WASHINGTON. 81 >.. ^^^Ac ^'.•..■■>r ^^>*- ^(^^x^ The Electro-Magnetic Traction Co.. Mnilir 12U BROADWAY. NEW YORK, N. Y., ., *'*r"* **' ^'^ lb»«. Marlon * Marlon, Montreal, Can. {•ntlanaa,- Wfe have your favor of t^o l4th Inst, .ncloslng Canadian patent No. 51.497, .un tn, crtifioat. of on. year extension r.corded •hereon, for which pxease accept our thaiXe. verj/ truly yours, secretary 82 sr ■■ti MARION & MARION, $P6C1A1JTE |ww(^OLPORTEURS cSk^^ M, ©. %i^. 16, Rue EtienneDolel.ie PARIS • MERCERlE Articles do Piit'is t2«H ■^ ^JU^ ^ ^ a^'Ut^^-^^u^ AGI)|TS MM III ftN CROS S A.' MONTREAL and WASHINGTON. 83 > -^ ACII(TS MAHUF^ICTdlllEilS ■tWUt «i 1MTN tMTH • N CROa GEULCMENT 23, RUE SOUS LB TOFT V-^/!^ <^ ^ (^ 'e^ /i^i ^i/f^>%'%im _ ^^-t.*.'*^ 'Wt^^ ^k:- .4:=^' ^^^^. .c.>^' 84 1(1. aiARION & MARION, VniversiU Laval, Montreal. the Polytechnic School of Engineering ; fchat he obtained a high class of honor viz : Diploma with .jreat didinrtlon. ^ Tim diploma is a peculiar evidence of esteem and trust that (Signed,) BALfeiE, Direct..r of Studies at the Polytechnic School. Gentlemen, Philipslj ,v/, Quebec, 23nl Apnl 1808. as Yours of 21st. inst. containing U. S. patent for my "Clothes c!Ztf ir""^"''^^*^'''"^'^™'" '"''-« -^- recefved,a;d cannot fully express my thanks and gratitude, for the able manner m which you have pressed my application to a final issue. Be r writing you I placed my application in the hands of a prominent 1 til ?""f ^^^ '^ ^''' ^"'•'^ "^*^- ^^'- «- -d- - nnn ary search, and reported my chance for obtaining a paten as liopeless, and advised me not to make the attempt c ting tw^ patents which had been granted some 28 years .since on articles for havltrr'^""-' ''"^' T' ^°"«^^-^«d '^- -i"e, said patents having also expired several years since. I then placed my a.pK- m^to. m your hunch, with the gratifying re.dt that the i', L< IS now m m, h.,nd.s. Great credit is due you for the broad pater you secured, the claims being perfect. ^ eZl!:rf''''' '"?"' ^"" "^''^"'^^ "^ 1*^ '^''y'' Your charges are ^.en^ly lo,r considering the ml,^ of your .ernkes, which enables an inventor with moderate means to obtain the te^Uervice with about one half the money required by some Patent Attorneys I my voice could reach every inventor on this continent, /Lm «ay > Do not attempt to obtain a patent yourself, but ,lace your MONTREAL and WASHINGTON. 85 application for Home or Foreign patents in the hands of Messrs. Marion & Marion, whom few equal and none excel." You are at liberty to refer to me always. Very truly yours, K. B. Stevenson. Jem-ij (Jitii, Nor. 27tli 189(5. Mk. J. A. Mauion, Dear Sir.— In regard to yours of Nov. 24 inst., I am surprised to think that you could get my Canadian Patent out in such a short time and you deserve great i)raise and credit ft)r it. I have found you to do just as you said you would do and therefore I know that you are reliable. I will also have yuu to do all my business con- cerning Patents in the future. I remain tliankfuUy yours, ClIAS. ESCIIER, 14;U Fremont St., Jersey City, N.Y., U. S, A. Detroit, Mirh., March 21, 1898. Messrs. Marion &, Marion, Montreal, Que. Gentlemen.— Your favor of the I9th. at hand, also enclosure of our patent No. 51,r»r>5. Please accept our thanks for your prompt- ness in getting this extended. When in need of any services on your side will correspond with you. Yours truly, American Electrical Heater Co. per John Scudden, Sec. and Treas. 'm^ m. i ; 1:1 86 MARION & MARION, Wapellii, Ansa., IWh t'ehynunj 18!I8. Messrs. Marion it Mario.v, Montreal. Gentlemen.— Received my German patent to-day, for which please accept thanks. Yours truly, H. B. FiTZSIMON. Kingsbury, Que,, M7. Marion it Marion, Montreal. Gents.— I recbived l)oth the Canadian and United States Patents to-day and can say that our dealings have been very pleasant and satisfactory and if you think there would ])e any thing in it for us to patent in any foreign country would say if you wish to go to the whole expense, I will sign all papers and give you one half interest m it as I have no more money to invest. Yours truly, JaS. NiSliKT. Tilnonbnrg, Out., Aug. 2Ut 1897. Marion A Marion. Dear Sir.— I received my Canadian Patent on Aug. 13th. And I can assure you T w.-is more than plea.s6d T shall always e(»nsidcr It my duty to reconunend this firm of Marion & Marion to any of my friends who may re.pnre the services of competent Patent >. ) MONTREAL and WASHINGTON. 87 AttorneyM. How luucii longer do you tliiiik it will he l)of(n'o you Umv from tiio U. >S. Patent. Thanking you for your proniptnesa and attentif»n to this matter. I remain your.s^truly, HkNRY Ij. KlMl'TON. Stdnhridif Shitiii)t, Qii,\, JiiilU-i 20 1897. MKMHiKtnsi,MARi().\ tt Marion, Montreal. MosHieurs. -,1'ai regu mon hrovet hiM^'iU pour devidoires. Je HuiH treH sati.sfait ot je vous oti're mes remerciements pour vus bons HorviceH. Votre tout rcHpectueux, Loris Harceloux. (^oUiHiiVimd, (hit., .Ml/ 2Sth 1897. Mkkhrs Marion- S: Makk.n, Montreal. (Jcntlomen ; — Please accept thanks from Mrs. Law for your ftromptattenlioii in getting extension of one year on Patent. If anything more is re(|uired will rememhur you. Yours truly, John Law. Lo^vell, M<(Ks , 1() Janvier 1898. Mkhsikhrs, Avec ((uel plaisir aujourd'hui nous venous vous remercier de tout notro conir j)our I'ouvrage et le succes ([ue vous nous avez ohtonus p( ur notre pcitento canadienno ; tout nous prouve (|ue nous avoMs fait un hon choix en mettant notre contianco en vous, en Vous mettant tout entre les mains pour agir pour noua. Ceci est line preuve de votre l)on devouement pour vos clients et un encou- ragement pour plus tard si Ton vient a avoir besoin de vous et nous eHpdrons qu'avant bien longtemps nous serons heureux de s'adres- Her encore a vous. Ainsi done, mille remerciements pour ce (juo vouH nous avoz obtcnus et ce (jue vous allez nous obtenir de Wash- ington f|ue nous attendons avec impatience. Vos d6vou^s, Lkkki'.vrk, PouQunj S: Lavoik, i") Montcalm Avenue, Lowell, Mass. 88 MARION & MARION, Owen tionnd, Out., ManhHth 1897. MKfSMKH. Marion iVr Marion, Solicitors of Patents, 185 St. Jiimes St., Temple Bldg., Montreal. Gkntlemkn, I notice in Tonmto World that you have .secured for the follow- nig parties " letters patent " for their inventions. I would like you to advise !.io if those inventions are in shape to he nut ..n and sold on the market and also to whom I sh.^uld apply for informa- tion regarding the same. Alice J. Hoyrasdfc, Hudson, N.J., Safety Pin. Francis H. Gorrill, Newton, la.. Hook and Eye. Sallie A. Seager, Allentown, Pa., Non re-tillable bottle. Caroline A. Stone, Allo.. :i. Lucas, Omaha, Neb., Skirt Lifter Holder and Adjuster. Mattie King, Plymouth, Mass., Imp. Safety Enveh.pe. Helen B. Rennie, Stratford, Can., Bicy. Skirt adj. and Holder .Jennie M. Sec<,rd, Rotterdam Jet., N. Y., Garment and shawl pin. Nataho Schell, San Francisco, Cal., Body Form f(jr D. m: >er. If you will kindly advise me as to above, I will consider it a favor. Yours respectfully, R. P. Black, Owen Sound, Out. Box 17. Hoi'hdiuja, Que'., 22 Janvier, 18!)7. M. J. A. Marion. Cher xMonsieur. -VeuiUez agreer mes plus sinc^res remercie- ments pour le brevet de roue de voiture que je viens d'obtenir du Gouvernement Canadien par votre habile entremise. Jaime a vous dire que je suis r^ellemont satisfait de vos services, puis.jue vous m'avez oi)tenu ce brevet dans un mois, du 15d^cemi)re au 16 Janvier e^ cela sans auc.in trouble ni un centin d'extra, je n'ai pas ^t6 troinpe dans ma croyance et j 'admire la promptitude' que vous uiettez a obtenir vos brevets ; cela inontre que vous etes tenace en ^.N. 18S)7. Montreal. the follow- vould like )ut on ami ? iufonua- Adjuster. I Ilokler. ilia« 1 pill, maker. ?ider it a Box 17. 8<»7 einercie- >teiiir du J'aime a puistiue lie au 16 nVii pas ue V0U8 !iiace en MONTREAL and WASHINGTON. 89 affaire et que vous aimez a r^ussir quand il y a inoyen de r^ussir. Je vous remercie d'avoir si bien agi a moii ^gard et je vous jjrie de croire que iion seulement je vous donnerai d'autres brevets h pre- parer mais encore je vous reconiinanderai fortoment comnie sollici- teur competent et hounete. Bon succes dans inon brivet Ain^ri cain. Bien a vous, J. B. Garand. Refonnatonj, PenpAanqnishe, Ont., Mavrh 28th 1897. Marion it Marion-. Dear Sirs. —In answer to your letter of the 8th inst. I received the Canadian Patent all right ; hoping you will soon hear from the United States. And as to being satisfied with your services, 1 am perfectly satisfied and consider my business done in a very business like manner. Will you be kind enough to send me the model back if it's not required any iiu>re. I remain yours truly, W. H. Smith. Stmihridijc Htation, Que'., April 2(i//(, 1897. Messieurs Marion & Marion, Montreal. Messieurs.— Votre faveur du 22 courant et mon brdvet d'inven- tion Americain re(,'u avec beaucoup de joie. Je suis tres satisfait de vos services relativcment a cette affaire et je vous offre mes reineroiements pour le succes .jue vous avez obtenu pour moi. Vofre 'ien devout, Louis Barceloux. St. Joseph, Mu., U. S. A., Jannar\i 20th, 1897. Mr. J. A. Marion, Montreal, Canada. Dear Sir. Your favor of 14th inst. ,at hand and replying I will say : We are much pleased with your efforts and promptness in obtaininji; patent, and beg to tender you our highest appreci/ition. M 90 MARION & MARION, Personally. I have at nil times had every contideuce in y(.u and should I, in the future, need assistance, I shall he only too glad to have yours. Now, as to sale of patent in Canada ; we would like you to Iiaston same as much as possible, and shall bo guided by your advice with reference to same. Let me know what you think the prospects are for a sale ; we do not expect any fancy price. T assure you again of our esteem, and should the opportunity offer, I shall be glad to recommend you to my friends or acquaint- ances who may need counsel. Thanking you for favors attended, I remain. V'nurs very truly, A. F. Stki'kkxs. MoNsiKiit J. A. Marion. . <• Cher monsieur,— Je viens de recevoir mon })revet d'invention ot je m'einpresso do vous remercier pour les services quo vous m'/ivoz rendus et les bons conseils ((ue vous m'avez donnds. Soyez certain (iue j'aurai recours a vos services lorsque I'occasion se presentera car je suis entierement satisfait. .^'espere que si je viena encore a avoir bosoin de vous, il en sera la mc'ine chose. Kn attendant, je mc souscris, Votre servitcur devoiie, I?. CoRlllVKAII. M.MUON i\:- Marion. . '• Dear Sirs.— I received Patent in due time for which T am very thankful. Don't intend to apply for Patent on my other inventions that I have made at present until I make something out of patents already secured. Again thanking you for past .services, I remain. Yours respectfully, Wm. FAnutAIRN. Calabooie, Ont. Mkssus. IV Dear Sii Saturday arrange me to test th but I thinl Please a in getting To \Uj wh Being in attorney, ] Marion r)f indeed thr factorily ai do. They time of HI secured ins reconniiend public. A MM. Ma Chers Me lettre et le ] me mettant suis non set Commo je c utile d'avoi on peut com MONTREAL anp WASHINGTON. 91 Church Point, N. S., June loth, 1897. Messrk. Marion tt Marion. Dear Sirs.— I received CanHclian Patent on my arrival home Saturday and was nuich pleased to get it. I am now making arrangements with a firm in Yarmouth toliave some made in order to test them. 1 am not yet ready to apply f.>r the V. S. patent, but I think I will be soon. Please accept many thanks for your promptness and good work in getting patent (mt. Yours truly, Wm. S. Mfxan^on. Bpjime'jonr, Man., September 18th, 1897. To AI,I, WHOM IT MAY CON(;KKN. Being in need of tlie services of a competent and honest patent attorney, I, after some deliberation, employed Messrs. Marion it Marion of Montreal, which gentlemen I have found to be indeed thoroughly competent, doing my business most satis- factorily and also strictly honest, doing all that they agreed to do. They obtaint 1 one patent for me inside of Hi days from the time of Hling it in the patent office, and another patent they secured inside of a month. It is with the greatest pleasure that I recommend those gentlemen to the confidence of the Canadian public. Yours very truly, W. H. Orh. Quebec, 31 Mars 1898. A MM. Marion it Marion, Montreal. Chers Messieurs.— J'ai recju ma Patente Canadienne a,vec votre lettre ot le petit livre ([ui est pour moi un bien sage conseiller en me mettant dn garde contro ceux qui pourraient me tromper. Je fiuis n(m seulement content, niais tres content de tous vos services. Comme je ddbute dans cette nouvelle carriere. il me 8eml)le tres utile d'avoir una liste de tous les manufacturiers, sur lesijuels on peut compter ; d'etre annonc^ autant que cela sera possil)le etde 92 MARTON & MARION, faire pour moi, comme votro client, tout ce (jue vous croyez m'6tre n^cessairo pour une lionne et fructueuse vente. Etmit clone satisfait de vos serviceH, je vous envenai sous peu la soninio de (juinze piastres (§15) pour la preparation iles douu- uients rolatifs ii une patonto anitjricaine. Bion ii vous, PiKRRE GaONON. MoNSIKl'K. •Fe re(,'ois de VOU8 adi Aftjyl,', N. B., April 27 lit, 181)8. Marion it Marion. Dear Sirs.— I acknowledge the receipt of my patent and you may be sure that I was greatly pleased. And I now tiiank you for the iionest and energetic way tiiat you have attended to my business. And if 1 have any more business of this kind I sliall indued choose you for my attorneys. Yours very truly, Bl'RTON ROW'I.KY. Argyle, Carleton Co., N. B. Hoehelatja, Que., 7 Juillel, 1897. MESSR.S. Marion & Marion. Messieurs.— J'accuse reception de mon brevet americain, et apres examen fait, je suis tellement satisfait de vos services que je ne sais comment vous remercier, car vous avez mis toute la diligence possible. Encore une fois, cher Monsieur, merci. Voire d^vou^, J. B. Garra.nu. Messrs. M Messieuri cain ot je in vous avez e vous recomi et prompts Espdrant j'ai en vous, Messrs. M^ Your favo: prised to rec days since I attorneys co If my voice i say : emploj I heartily secured my ( secure tlie 1 crowned witl box of cigars ^T MONTREAL ani> WASHINGTON. 'j3 Tfois-hioigreit, Que'., 21 Mui, 18!>7. MoNMIEl'H. Je re(,-(>is a riiisfniit iim prttente Ani^ricHiiie et me faia un devoir do vcjua iidicsHur i..iiii(5uiiiteiueut mes roinurciements. Votro devoue, EUO. GODIN. Qiip'hpr, Oct. 2(5, 18!t7. Mkssus. Marion S: Mariox, 185 rue StJaciues, Montr^il. Measieurs.— Jo viens de recevoir mea brevets ciinaUieii et ani^ii- cain ct je i.io faia im devoir de voua feliciter do la promptitude que vous avez eu a les jireparer avec aoin, je me faia aus.si un devoir de vous recommander aux inveiiteura cc.ntne soiliciteura compdtents et prompts k oxeciiter lea demandea (jui voua sont contiees. Eapi^rant pouvoir \-u\is prouver encore une fois la confiance '., Deremher lath., 1897. Marion & Marion. Dear Sir.— Yours received with assignment C. E. Rapley Patent No. 57210 to me, together with Patent itself. Thank you very much. Yours truly, H. McLean. Messrs. M^ Deer Sirf neglect of ji your work, ; filing. If yi liberty to di Marion & ^ (lentlemer to-night. Yi satisfaction. Marion tt M Gentlemen I am more th; for your pron >. MONTREAL ani. WASHINGTON. nf) Niiiifdmi', /i.e., Dec. ti//,, |H<»7. Mkssks. Makk.n \- Makk.n, Patent Solicitor. M..iiti-i,.;il. (Jentl(Mn.;ri.-L,'i.st i.i^lifs n.ai! I.i„iij,'ht me tho MolKium P.itont fur I ho WuHir Tnvnov. V(.ur pusf car.l ro sjmtor ulso .•irrivod. Tliiiiikiiii,' y"" fnryoiir proniptiiosH. I loiiiiiiii, youi'H, (.'to. \V. .), Cl KKV, Bin rh Cape, Quv., < >rt„h,'r2i)lh, ]H!»7. Meshiih. Maiuon iV Maiuox. . Doer Sirs. I recoivod my I'atent all ri^ht. Please excuse my neglect of answering same. I am exceedingly well satisfied witl. your worl^, my patent l)eing i.ssued in three weeks, from time of hinig. If you wish to use my name as a reference you are (luite at liberty to do so. I remain yours truly, David A. '' ok. Ulack Capo, Bonavonture Co., gue. Marion & Marion. Cxentlemen. -I received my letters of patent for Clothes Pounder to-night. You have done my i)usiiu.ss with promptness and entire satisfaction. I considcn' you tlie best patent solicitors in Canada. 1 am ever yours truly, C. V. VN'ooi). Viiiori'i, K. C, November 11th, 1897. Marion A- Marion, Montreal Gentlemen. -Your with Belgian) Pat.Mit enclosed to hand. I am more tlian ploa.s...t with it, and you have my sincere thanks for your promptness. I am sure tliat you have conducted my jfSf'.- !»(( MARION &■ MARION, business in a most satisfactory manner and I sliall take great plea- sure in recommendinK you to my friend?: who may reciuire the ser- vices of competent attorneys. I find your warning of use. I have received several letters from " Patent Attorneys," but I pay no attention to them whatever. Hoping soon to receive my other Patents, I am, Faithfully yours, Tnos. Kii'UNfi. Cute St. Antoine, P.Q., Dec. 21.s/., 1894. J. A. Marion, Esq., Civil Engineer, etc. 185 St. James St., Montreal. Dear Sir.— In response to your recjuestthat I should state tlu' result of my experience of your mode of transacting business as a Solicitor of Patent Rights, I nmst premise l)y saying that such experience is somewhat limited. However, so far as it "oes I have pleasure in testifying that your conduct of my case was most satisfactory, the fact being that through your instrumentality diffimlties und obstrndiuns qukUtj disappeared and a hitKiness thai had long hung fire ivas hwmjht to a xpeedy and sueeessfid issue, my only possible cause for regret in the matter being that I had not secured your service ah i)titi(). Yours very truly, (Signed) B. D. McConnell. Lo),fi rainf, Qve., 8th Janunrij 1895. Dkar Mil. Maeion. In answer to your request for me to state in writing as to whether you had conducted the business intrusted to you in a sati8fact(jry manner, I am (jlad to l>e iilii;ii; ohliilnrd ill /,.s.s ///(//( i ir., mniillis ,in pcr.sonaliy, hut as honest, conscieucious gentleman, i u ish I had known you sooner . it would have been to me a considerable .sav- ing, liotii in tinu! ami money. I must see you shortly about tlie validity of my Caiiailian Pattuit prepar(!d l)y M. ,M . . . . who coidd not get the American Patent, .'Uid in )hefMtur(v I will never entrust any l)usincss to CIIK.VI' A'i'TolfM'lVS, IT (JOS rs Too l\H('ll AT TilK KND. Sincendy yours, John l)(iN.\i:r,i.\ , ■SI (Greene Avenue. 98 MAHION A MARION, Wap,'U«, Assn., Minj 25, l.S!)8. EssRS. Mahion it Makio.v, I received my English patuut No. :HW,lh for which please accept my lh,-u.ik,s. II. U. FiT/.SIMoN. Aushvliii, ■])(;/. :]nl., 18!»(i. Gknti.kmk.v, 1 am writin- to (.ha.ik yon f„r the troul.lo ynii have taken in Ketting the Canadian P.atent of my lahel and ..ai)sule, which consi- dennf,'Iam in Australia, iwarhj !»,()(>(» mil.s fn.m Montmd, does you ijfreat credit. l^'aitiifully yours, AiiTin li .STodKDALrc Jackson. Si. J'oiiI (VAhlKiltsfoiil, (^tiic, Fell. 20IJI. 18!»(i. Ml!. J. A. Marion, Civil V]ng. and Solicitor of Patents. Dear Sir.— My U.S patent number r)54,!)44 is at hand. The draw- ings and claims are perfect; the application was allowed inside of a month after tiling, and I really cannot understand h..w y(m can secure so prompt and successful issue. This is the 4th. patent that you secured for mo in six months, and I certify that eacl; patent viz: No. 541,10.5, No. 5.-.4,!»44, No. 4H,71!», and No. 4!»,(i(i!> have been allowed in less than ;i5 days. YOUR CHAIUJKS ARE VERY REASON ARLE, CONSIDERING THE QCALITY OF YOCR WORK AND Y( )UR PROFJISSK )NA L STANDING. I would not employ any rh,.,p pnfenl solirih.rsfor ainj mnsUl.mium. Be sure to hear from mo soim about something else. Yours respectfully, David Mknauf). Dear Sin It may individual of, f)r it II however, thi' iitfli'iif in llm (J(U, I lldd til (I pr(im|)t ca of vour sb Dkar Sii{, I rec(^ivi .your wjiiiii wrote me t to tran.saci Gknti.kmf: My ])atei w-as accomi mailing pit that I than who may iii <(ttiinitii, in bureau, tha iulni.il llu'ii ceive your i that you sei MONTREAL and WASHINGTON. \m MimUful, Miirrli (Uh. JHOti. Dear Sik, It niiiy he .superior knowledge of patent l.usine.sf,, j,aving y.mr imlivuliiiil attention to ymir client's aflairs until they are disposed of, or it niaylie from some mysterious cause unKnoKn to nie ; I do however, most enif)liatically state that (hirin,/ a Imnj i-xp,'rilnr,- h, the }i((tn\t lmsii„'ss, I iijiilmth-riilnisi-d Jrllli ijnnr •■ntuhirt ,,/)„,/ ajfii:,:-. In /A« C,(uu(lldl ,,i},n' nt tlinl riiadfi, dfid n-dli put ln,i<'thrr. Ves, gentlemen, you have been prompt careful and suocessfui, aii-l you can always consider mo one of your standing re*'('rences. Very truly yours, AurmK DiMUKi'TL, lo(i Herri Street. Sinilliiiiniihni, '''■. 24///. IS'.tf). Gknti.kmkn, My iwifcent No. r)(»,8;S4 for llaijway, came to hand last niyht, and was accompanied by your valued favour notifying me of "dale of mailing jt uent. Acknowledging the receipt of both, ] have to say that I thank you for your pn.uiptness and would say to inventors who may need the services of a n.mpdcnt, Imwd. and pain.-itid.imi atlonidii, in any business they may wish to transact with the patent bureau, that in my .judgment, IIh'i/ rannot p„ssihlii do h>'lt^r Hmn h> inlfKnl their Inisini'K.'i to ijoKr lirni. knowin._r m I do th.'it it will re- ceive your earnest, promj.t and faithful attention, the fi that you secured the pateni ays oidy. CI osniir, net 1 wil iHung 1 say 1(X» MARION & MARION, if , that I thdiik yell, tmd .iImh tliat yuii nva at libeity to iiiako iisu ..f this letter whoiievor you may desire in extending your husinoHK and you are also at liberty ti> refer to me at all times. Wishin-,' you the fullest measure of success, and that your business may increase a thousand fold. I am, 1,'ontlenian, yours very " ruly, V. .\. Kmom,, Tool Manufacturer. Mdnlrcal, Jioi 1111,11 lOth, 181MJ Dkau SiFl, I must thank you for the trouble you have taken in re','ard t(. my stopper for spirit bottles, the application for which was tiled 4>ii December tlie ("ith, ISita and the Patent received by me on the 2\M of December. If theref(ue only /.)■(/,• sixh-fH (/m//.s which I think is a very short tini- -uid I must thank you tor your lu-omptness and the way you have looked after my interests. .Should you want me as a reference, I shall always bo happy to oblige you. I remain, yours truly, Artiici! Stockdamo .Jai'KSOV. The St. Lawrence Sugar lletining Co., fjimited. Corn Exchange Building, Moiiln;,!, Jul,/ 22h(I, 18!>5. J. A. 1\^\UI()^% Er(i., C. K., Montreal. Dear . Hr.— Having engaged you as my solicitor to obtain a patent tlirough Ottawa, I nuist wiy that you conducted the nuitter in a satisfactory manner, with the result that in the shorl period of one nuinlh from llo' lime of ((pfdirafionfor sxrh pdle.iil Irxrinif been uiKile, I received my paper granting a patent for my invention and T wouhl further state that al! who are desirous of making applica- ti.ui for patents, either to Caiiada or the United States, would do well to intrust you with their bu.sinoss, (i)atent granted May 22nd 1895.) Your,s truly, E. GoRito.v Johnson. MONTREAL a.m. WASHINGTON. 101 Montreal, Odubcr2Ulli. 1895. Deak Sirs, I this day received letters patent for my Bicycle. I assure you no one could have maniKjed the case more to my mtisfudion than yoursolves. You have shown promptness, liberality and great abi- lity throughout in obtaining this patent and I must heartily reconi- meiid you to my friends and public, for by your management of my case, you have gained my thorough confidence. Please go ahead with the foreign countries. Yours respectifully, Aktiii K Ui liiiKi'ir.. lol) Herri Sti-eet. Liiirell, Mann., Juhi V,fli, 18!)(1. Dkar Siks. You will find mo very negligent in not answering and thanking you for your proinptnos.s, but I have just got Iiomo. I will try and get the American patent through your office as soon as [ can. / aiiiol Kitz. F. Mor.scli. NORTH RAV. i- P. Snyder. ( ).scar Legro.s. NORTH .\r(jrSTA !■ w. i{,dpi,. OTTAWA. J. O. LatDur. J (J. Robiiietto, PEJIBRoKE. Geo. A. iJflaliey. Saimiul Bromloy. PORT MILFOIU). Fred. Nowiiiaii. I'lCToN. Charles L. McHeiiry PERTH. Win. Northgravos. ROCKLAND. Cli.s. Gay. liAA'FNSCLlFF. NT|{KAL AM. WASHINGTON. PROVINCE OF QUEBEC. 106 ARTHAHASKAVILLE. Ail()l|)he PoissDii. A. K. Cli.iitiei-. BKAUIIAMNor.S. E. A. Muiiiiy. C. Guiniund. BORDKACX J. «. Parent. BEDFORD. Williiiin KiiioliHii. BLACK CAPE. David A. Taylor. CHAMBLV CANTON. Liidtjer Beaulieii. CAP CHAT. Treffld Cotd. CAP DE L V MADELEINE. J. K. L;ict)iir.se. COTEAU DU LAC. Edwfird Mauley. COWANSVILLE. Harlow M. Wolcli. CROSS POT NT A. F. Eraser. DRUMMONDVILLE. J. A. Gosselin. Jos. Loiiiire. Jos. Beliveau. D'LSRAELI. B. Corrivoau. DANVILLE. Charles Fouruier. GENTILLY. I'ierru iioaiidet. A. Goiiust iV: Cie. GRAND MKTIS. Duncan P.ij^i'. HENinvlLLK. FraiKvii.s X'aclion. HEMMIX(JFoj{D F. L. ivdui'. JOLTETTE. S. Vessot it Cio. J. B. A. Ridiard. KINCJSBIRV. T. R. Woodard. H. L. Miller. KrN(;SFV FALLS. D. V. BriiiK'uu. LAPRAIRIE. J. I>. Dore . F4Iier. H, Arpiii. MARION t«i MARION, C. K. .loslin. Geo. .lanin, C. E. Kierter I'.rotheis. rui;i'iKt. .r. f. K. UH»*y. I.. A. Miller. .1. H. .\. .Miiitin, iif f.aiiorte, Martin A Cie. Nap. I'aul .M irtin, of Martin l'"i'('rf,s. Dr. Ga.st AN-r. \VASII[N(jTl>N. 107 liisti- Milo Hessotte, Drossmaker. Ij. A. I?orn/iril, l)nii,'L;i.st. IVIicliol Meniior. Edoimid Hortnind A. Lonmy, 2H« C.irriore. FiMiik P. Hrotliors. Joliii Mefiii. Williun, T. Nicliolwon. Guillaiiiuo Ijdiviii. NVilliiiiii (Jliarlos II. Watson, iV.» Colemuo, 1*. S. (' n. n. Skiodur. Ftilix St-Doiiis. Jos C'adioux, !»7 St. Jacques. A. K. Cliiinoii. ('. A. Cliouillou A: (.'io. Louis A. Caron. J. A. I. CraiK. Canada ("lioiuical Prop. Co. J- A. Cleroux ALidaniu F. X. (iazolais. K. N. CuHson i^- Cio. Jolm Cross, .'iKJAndiorst. H. \V. Doikoii, «.f Doikoii Bros. J{. J. Duvins. Fiiildoni Uros, 41 St. Frau- coi.s-Xavior. iv '1'. Coi'sot Co. I'^rantz .\dvertisiiij,' Co. Adt'Iard (Jravel. J. B. (Jaraiid. Artliui- Gravel. Laclilaii Gibl). A. E. (Jareau, 2.S7 Sluiw St. < Jravel, Du(|Uette it Didiaiuel. H. D. Herdt. Koiiry Hutchinson. J.L. P. II„ude. Lewis A. Hart, Notary Peter Kelly. Jacob Franklin. NN'. S. Johnson. N. J. B. Jackson- J. B. A. Lauctot. Cleo. Laiuotho, Avocat. (>. Le<,'or, S'ui life Insur- Co. Daiiiol Lalondo. Tlionias Idling. Ach'lard [ia|iierri'. lieiiiieux iV (iiani, Painters. ' >nesinie Lavii,'ueur. Jos. Mdsario Lavi'Mieur. li. W. Miller. J. Mur])liy. Itol.ert Mitcholl iV- Co. Jos. .Martei. J. M. Wilson. J. K. Marchand. F. I). Rfalone. A. Roy Ma. Donald. Jean Naud. J. 1). "ligiiy. F. F. ( )isel. David Ouiniet. Charles Page. A. Pageau. Daniase Pariscau, Jr. F. Prinieau. /^oiiophile Poch. Ferdinand Roy. Joseph Roy. Ixoyor it Rougier h'reres C. F. Slater. Allan J. Avres. Michael (.'. Mullarky. Sir William Hingst^n. Tlio Carey Sewing Machine Co. Therien it Harvey. Tetrault Shoe Co iM St. Valior St. Jtian Set,niy, '2'A't Dos F«).ss(5s. Pierre (iaynon, liO (Janieau. J. M. Turcotte,ii!»7 Richelieu. D. V. Moreiicy, C. E. RIV^'IR DESERT. F. X. Nadon. RIG A IT D. •los. Payment. RADNOR. Nelson (Jreen. ST. AMBROISE UE Kll^- DARE. Faliien Laportc. ST. CASIMIR. Achille Baril)eault. ST. FLA VIE. Rimouski. J. C. B6rubt<. ST. FLAVIE STATION. A. C. Rioux. ST A N B R f DG K STATION . Louis Barceloux. ST. CESA Emeiy (' Simeon ( Elie Ben ST. MONI Nap. Chi ST. BRIG I Chs. |{. ; ST. PLAC] O. li Ga< .ST. OCRS. Mde Dr. P'ram.'ois ST. If VAC Paul F. I Octave (J Jos. Ledii The E. T Ji>s. Huei J. C. Roi Jos. Oiiel Payan iV J. W. Pic Naf). ]j. ( ■Tanvier I. Pros|)er L X^pliir Lii ST. IH'GH A. Houle. N. Marioi ST. JE.\N, D. Latii)ei ST. JAC(,>C William L Louis V. 1 ST. JEAN, Eudore L^ ST. GUILL Wilfrid Li ST. CONi^T F. Lonutii MONTREAL ant. WASIITNOTON. 10!) ST. CKSAIUK. Miiioiy ('(it6. Simoon (ireiiier. Kliu Hoiiuit. ST. MONK^UK. Nii|i. ('liiim|nii,'iio, ST. nilKJIDK VV SAI'LT. ("liH. U. Floumnf. ST. rT.AriDE. <). fj (iiidiinry. .ST. (M'R.S. M<1(( Dr. (JiuTtin. ^'riiiii;()is ItoHuliic. ST. IfVACINTHK. run! F. I'livdu. < >etiivo (i end roll. Jo.s. rjt'diic. Tho K. 'I'. CorHot Co. .loH. Hiiotte. J. ('. Roiile.iu. .loH. Oiiollotte. PiiViUi iV Diiclos.. J. \V. I'icfird. N,t|(. I J, (ioheille. ■I.'iiivior Lociiiirnefui. Prosper Coto. Z^pliir Lassoiuk'. ST. HlGFfKS. A. Hoiile. N. JVI.irion. ST. JKAX, V. Q. n. Ijiililierfo. ST. .IA('<,»rKS I/ACIIKJAX. Williuiii Lord. Louis V. Labello. ST. JKAX, ILK DOIILKANS. Kiidoru Lfuiijilois. ST. (JriLLArMK DUPTON. Wilfrid liuclaire. ST. ( "( )N,STA NT. F. L OIlidniix. ST. IKHiKRT. 'ioo. Uoltidmix. ST. VALIKU. Nfiz. A. MarMu'll. SHKUHIIOOKK. .MplioiisG Broolin. ST .TIDE. Fran(,'oi.s ISoaulac. ST. (illWiOlRK. (). T. MorLtcron. Beiijaniiii Fleon. ST. ROCH, (Richulieu). J. IJ. Diibaniel. ST. FRANCOIS, (l!,.,iu<'.0 Felix Hoorciis. STE. HELKNF. Louis Landrovillo. ST. POLVCARPK. J. B. Martin. SOPTII DC R II AM. .1. 15. T. Pr.'fontain... ST. (i FORGE, (Heauce). (i^d^on Roy. ST. .irLIE. J. O. llicharJ. 110 !\1A|{I()N cV- MARION, 8T. ANNE DES PLAIN ES. Charles Racine. ST. PAUL D'ABBOTSFORD. D. Menard. ST. ANNEDUSAILT, Geo. H^on. ST. THEODOSFE. P. L. \V. Dupre. ST. LEON. Chs. ¥A. Pichctte. ST. LOl'IS, rKaniournska). EHs^ Boueliard. SOREL. 1 Alox. Chanipat^ne. ST. BRUNO. Julian Tiionias. ST. AMBROISE DE KIL DARE. Fahien Lapnrfe. ST. FRANCOIS, (Boauoo). -Ins. Pdiilin. .Ills. Lachaiice. THREE RIVEBS. S. \V. Biitterfleld. Eugene (Jodin. (jiirard it Gravel. THURSO. F. R. Edwards. Michael O'Coiuior. UPTON. A. J. Gautliier. WALTHAM STATION. Jds. Cliouinard WATERLOO, (^ue. Charles DuBer<,'er, ('. E. VAUDREUTL. Mde ^'ve JnHepIi I'.ra.ssi'ur, VERCHERES. Na))ol^(Hi Dulianioj. WEEDON. J. B. Dansereau. VALOIS. Arthur Leclerc. VICTORIAVILLE. .1. C. Thiliaulr. VAMACrilCHE. EduKind Heriiux. APPLE B Chs. Fit ASHDALl Wni. V. CHURCH w. S. IVl HAL1FA> C. W. R LITTLE ( Jas. Bou S. Toont John No LYDGATI R. F. St LINDEN, Jacob T. MACAM, : Allen, E MA HONE Nathan ( PORT M(l Daniel C PU(J\VAS1 F. R. D;i MONTREAL and WASHINGTON. Ill NOVA SCOTIA AND RE.L N. '. K. ii,>.s(uir. APPLE RIVER, N.S. Chs. Field. ASHDALE, N.S. Wni. V. (!liislioliii, CIiniCH POINT, N.S. W. S. Melaii^on. HALIFAX. N.S. C. W. Romans, 'M Inglis St. LITTLE GLACE BAY, N.S. Jiis. Boutilior. S. Tooney. John Nolan LYDGATE, N.S. II. F. Stei)henson. LINDEN, N.S. Jacob T. Hunter. MAC'AM, N.S. Allen, E.I). MA HONE RAY, N.S. Nathan Oilde. PORT MORI EN, N.S. Daniel C. McAulay. PrGWASH, N.S. F. R. Dakin. PORT PHILLIP, N.S. Claicnco V. Wdorl. SCOTT VILLAGE, N.S. Jeremiah Noithup. SPUING HILL, N.S. William G. Rioker. SOUTH RAR, N.S. Dan. A. McKay. WOLFVILLE, N.S. B. G. Bishop. C. M. Davis. Miss Mar(iiu.|no. NKW CAULIsr.K, \.l'.. E. Anlio. OROMOCTO, N.B. Mrs. Annio Sar;'.li Milos ST. JOHN, N.B. Will. Murphv. A. (}. (Jray." Jnliii A. Poolo, 7.-) CJKs.siey St. J. T. TlH).iip,s<.n. lACKVILLE, N.li. (ie(iri,'e R. Murray c. o. O.P.K. Bo.K 14;!. ST. ANDRE Wis, N.B. Clis. B. Carinichael. rPl'ER CxAOETOWN, N.B. A. W. StuovoH. [U'PER POK KMOroi I K,N. !', W, .1. Haydin. BRITISH COLUIVIBIA. SIDNKV, P. O. VANCor- VEM ISE.VNI), B.(^ den. Watt. Jas. W. Brotlioin. Goo. Watt. VKrroidA, B.C. Porcy Hull Biuwn. I^laiirioo ( Jufiiiann. E. .\. Harris. I'.ox 22.") Tlioiiias isijiliiiu-. L. M. (hull, 2(;.\ Hroati St. J. 0. Bondray. ' v\ KIJJNGTON. B.C. Biako A' Uaiiisay. P. McBoan. CO rAV( )(){), n. c. Henry .lonos. NANAIMO. Wiili;.ni ..'. Curry. WEST MHiDLE 1HVJ:R,B.C. Angus Nicliolson. BANFF, I\l Francis B BRTT. Jacob Boi Paul Fred BE,\CSEJ( William 1 BPvANDON G TlK.nia AVni. E. A CARTWRK David Brn COL WOOD, Henry Joi cal(;ary, David Stei ENDERBY, H. John C ELK HORN John Mid( GREENE E: Fothering GLENBOR( < ). Johnso HAMprrA A. E. Bro William F HOPE. Alfred Lai HILLSDEK CliH. Dash JOL\'. Charles M MONTREAL am. WASIITNCTDN. li:'. PROVINCE OF MANITOBA. fJANFK, MAN. Francis liwittie imr. Jncol) Boi'\i;iiiij;or. Paul Frt'drock.soii. PFA(\SEJ<)rR, MAN. William M. Oir. bllANDON, MAN. G Tiiomas. A\'in. E. Ansloy. CAUTWUKillT, MAN. David IJiadley. COLWOOD, B.C. Henry Jones. CAL(iAUY, MAN. David Steel. ENDERBV, B.C. H. John Greyerll. ELKflORN, MAN. John Middleton. GREENFKL, AN8\. Fotherin^liani. GLFNBORO, MAN. ( ). .fohn.son. EIAMIOTA A. E. Brown. William Folstoad. TIOPF. .\lfred Tjanstra?>'. HIELSDER, 1U{().\1)VIKW Oii.s. Dash. JOLV. Cliarlea Miu;n,iu]t. KILLARNEY, MAN. Wm. J. Finiay. LORETTF, M.W. J. W. I'rinci'. LEDrC, N.W.i\ l{ol)crt Wilkinson. GRKTNA, MAN. ■J. R. Kotrnian, jMOOSOMlN, N.W.T. H. Drnikwater MOOSE .JAW, ASS A.. N.W '|" P. P. .Moroli. Josopli Moroll MIAMI, MAN. Tlioniiis Renwick. MASS FY STATION. Kohcrt ]\. Slovonson. MINNFl)OSA, MAN. IF. N. IIal[)onny \- MELITA, MAN. Goo. llinton. Mf'LEOD, N.W .'I'. Costigan, llanltain A' M(.'l\on;',ie. Rev. Houald Ilillon. PRINCE AEBFiri', N.W.T. dolm Joyce. PILOT MOPND. Frod. W. Simpson. Wm. MdHiitt, ROLAND, MAN. !• 1' u'knison. 114 MARTON ct MARTON, STRATCHLAIR STATION, MAN. Drysdrtll at al. SINTALl'TA, ASS A. C. W. Ross. ST. riKRRK, MAN. Oli.s. I)e.sj;u'(lin.s. Piorio R.icicut:. WINNIPEG, MAN. K. Ciinniff, 12A Rachel St. W. F. Clements, 104 ,V Main 8t Frank A. Free, 20 Ih-rhy St . G. Forstall, 11»() Itaryravo St. J. J. Philj). S. li. .lonsHon. WAPKIJ.A, N.W.T. W. I{. Hu-iio,s. 11. 15. Fit/.sinioii. UNITED STATES. MISSOURI. A. M. Stephon.s. St. .To.sGi)!!, Mo. RHODE ISLAND. K. Rrodcur, Atlion,svillc, R.T. Arintidc K-iinvillo, Central Fails, R. 1. MICHIGAN. Pinsonnault.Sault Ste. Mario, Mich, •los. A. Nishet, Ilanibin'u, C. S. Hotchkiss, Port Huron, Mich. Omcr Ro^ror, 4!) lath. Si., ^ Detroit. Mich. S. Vii^'eaiit, Saiilt Sto. Marie, Mich. Thos. J. McRrido, I?riinlev, Mich. -^ American Electric Heater Co. Detroit, Mich. Rajnd Hook A- Eye Co., Grand Rapid.s, Mich. OHIO. Shariwrone Son Co., Columhu.s, Ol no. DISTRICT COL('Ml!rA. Arthur W. Harrison. W. M, Cromwell, Wa.shin"- ton, D. C. CALIFORNIA. F. Ephraim, 11!) Rush St., San Francisco, Cal. Wm. F. NVillianm, Rishop, i'lil. WISCONSIN. (Jeo. S. (i(»die (Ssnian, W'h., Now South Wales, A. S. .Jackson, Kelh'yvillo, N. S. W. ORE(iON. Emilien Rous.'^o, Woston, ( )regon. NORTH DAKOTA. Remi Plante, Laurent, N. D. ALVSSACIirSETTS. A. \\ . Steeves, 17 Morrison St., West Sonierville, Mass. L. E. Patenaude, Rox 4(i(l Southbridge, Mass. Cyrill Duff, Milburry, Mass. MONTREAL and WASHINGTON. 116 L. A. 0. Nicol, Lowell, Mass. T. A. Ryan, Lowell, Mass. ]<]vaiiyeliste Brisulidis, 122 C'liesnut .St. , Mail )oi(i, Mass. JolinC. Oood speed,! Hill St., Newlmry Port, Ma.ss. L. lirodeur, IJamy Mas.s. Arthur Bombey, Lawrence Mass. Ti'li'splioie T'(>li(|uin, T,uwell, Mass. I'oUetier A- (iravel, wH Davis St., Lowell, Mass. .L Tiircotte, ;<2 Maiunii.tiiSt., liOWcU Mass. MAINE. Jos. Iknron, .(ackiiian. Me. .(idicn Hmu'Iier, (ireenville Je , Me. Napolt'on Sylvestre, 101 Khii St., Uiddeford, Maine. O. (ienest, Jacknioii, Maine. lly. Vi)', Androseojj,i,'in lUock, Lewi St on. Maine. F. X. (ienest, Lowelltoun, Me. W. (J. Kenne, Calais, Me. PENNSYLVANIA. J. R. Duti; Philadelpliia, Pa. J. P. Lewis, 1212 Capouse Ave., Scranton Pa. S. Dunlop, Ashley Pa. .las. Dixon, Box 2;'i ilanover, I'a. Ste]ihen Hernon, Barree St., New York. Fred. A. liahn, New \ ONTAl{l(). Hrockville Times. CliatliHiii I'laiieK Gtilt Kopuitoi'. Fvin<;sU)ii News. Lfnidoii Advertiser. IjDiKloii Free Pi'ess. 'I'ni'onto (Jlohe. Toroiiti) Mail i\j I';iii|)iro. VVoDclsfcock .Sentinel lleview. MONTREAL. Weekly Star. Daily Slar. Herald. Witlle.ss. True Witness. La Presse. La Pi'esso Weekly. Le I*rix ('ourant. Le Monde C'anadien. La Patrie. Le ('ultivateur. The Sunday Sun. Metropolitan. The Protector. QIEBKC. L'Kvonenient. NEW BRUNSWICK. St. John Globe. NOVA SCOTIA. Halifax Herald. Yarmouth News. PRINCE ED. ISLAND. Charlottetown Examiner. MANITOBA. Winnipeg' Free Press. BRITISH COLUMBIA. Vancouver World. Victoria Times. Over 2,000 other Canadian or U. S. Newspapers carrying our advertisements. We also refer to Banks, Bradstreet, Dun, Express Co*s. and any business men in Montreal. ^x^-^ »*. ALPHftBETIGflL INDEX. AdviintiiKcs of ImviiiK a WivHliiiiBloii Odlco ' 'n' AsMi( < 'iixi'iitH (Canada). Caveats (U. H.) ( 'lainis(lli(i) Coph^s of ijiitcnt.s ('«!'> riKlils (C. S.) ( 'opyrixhts (( 'aniula) Course and treatment of an a|)iilication in tin Cost of Canadian Patents CiilM and en^ravinKs Kesi^n patents (C. S.) Hesirez-vous obtcnir uno )jatentu? Drawings (tlie)- II a- .... :«» a> K) 4(i I'aleni Otilee ;t| II til ;«) \H •«) KxtraelinrKC! for lonnand dillieult specilliiilion .'{- Kxtra dravviuKs ;^i; KoreiKii I'alents .. . ' (« T'j 1; li ,>l rii 17 Id a; It Honesty and aliility of jiatenl solicitors Mow to select a iiateni atloi'iiey Informal ov ineoiiiplele applications , InfrinKenients [ liderfereneen !....' ...... Interesting to inventors .. . Joint inventors Marking iiatented articles , Medical compounds X < »ur Hnsiness Methods ...'.'.......'. ii Our otltces (Montreal and Washington) I'i Patent applied for Ki Patents. Whatarethey? •)() Patent ajiidication (the)" '"7 Power of attorney in rejected eases Vj Prints and I.ahelsd". S.) UO (^ualilications of Patent iSolieitors or Attorneys. . ... ........... ' li Kc.jecled ca.s{'M " 1!) lioyalties and Ijicenses ,' . .. \^ Specification (the) .'. .' '.' i' Special search •>! Sale of Patents ..'....'...'.'.'.'....'..'.'.'. ,5') (If) Terms, and how to obtain a patent " 3>> TcM'ni of Patc^nt 25 TimiM'eiiuired to obtain a jjatent 3-^ Trade Marks (Canada) . "l'"i Trade Marks d". H.) ; '..'.'.'.'.'.'.'". •« I'nitiMl States Patents. What patents arc granted for ".'. '..'."..'. n W arnnig ^ W'liat ciinnol be |)atcn!ed ............... y.'i What is mv invention worth ? \\\ Jjg What t he Press says about our Firm . . . . i", Willitjiay yj Who can obtain a i)alent ' .... '>(j Whowean^ ' ' Jj Woman as an invenl< I'G CONTENTS. I'AdK . . II . .. IS . .. 41 . . \> ... II ... ;<" . . ;«» . .v. ... 40 . 4(i . .. ;i4 . 41 . . (U , . . :«» i« . . . •2<) . . . -M ■Mi (i . 1.5 .. ,>4 .. ;■)! .. 47 .. l(i .. 2(i 41 .. 37 .. 14 . . i;i . . 41! . . -M .. 27 . ,■>:< . . ;i!i :i . . I!) . . 48 .. 27 . . 21 .in (if) .. .32 .. 25 .. 4,5 . :i8 .. 24 4 . . 2.5 .. (58 . 1.5 . (50 .. 20 11 2U 5 TAOK. QuivlificatioiiH f)f patent sf)licitnrs or attni'neyH Warning. -.\ word of warninjj! to our clients and to iiatenteos generally ITone.sty and ability of |)alent solicitorH Patent Bar Who we are ( )nr hu.sinoss methods The advantages of having a Washington Ottice Our Otfices. — Montreal and Washington What the Press says about our Firm. - Mow to select a patent attorney Interesting to inventors D^'sirez-vouH obtenir unc |)atenti! ( Patents. — What are they / Spec'al search Unifced States Patents. -What patents are gr.mted for What cannot be patented Term of ])atent Who can obtain a patent Joint inventors Woman as an inventor The patent application The specification The drawings The claims Terms, and how to obtain a patent Time recjuired to obtain a [)atent Course and treatment of an application in the Patent Ottice. . Extra drawings Extra charge for long anil difficult ai)ecitications Medical compound Caveats (I'. S. ) Trade Marks (U. S.) 4 i; 10 11 v,\ 14 15 k; 18 2(1 21 24 25 25 2(i 2«; 2(i 27 27 2l> 30 32 33 #;u 3() 37 37 37 38 120 f'OV'vi V Prints Hiid liihol.s {['. S.) Copyrjirlits Miii'kin^' pHtuiited nrHcIos AsHdcidlo work f,,v .'iitiinieys out.sidc of \V;isliiii<,'li', ('imiidiaii I'atonts < 'list (if ( "iiiiiidiiin jialciiLs S|)(!ci;d soarcli <'.ivi.'ats (( 'aiiuda) Trado Marks (Canada) ('o|i,yiii,d)ts (t^aiiadfi) , .^ , .,^, I'iitont applifd Uiv Intorforoiicc's Asaij^nnioiitH, &c li'iynlties find licenses lUijoctod cases Power of attorney Informal or incompleli^ applications Infriniionients ('opies of patents Will it jmy 'I What is my invention wurth ? Hints on tlio sale of patents Ahont sollinii; jiatents (.'iits and engravings , Foreign i)atents (',: Ileferencos 74 Patents secured Province of Ontario Province of (.Kiohec Nova Scotia and I*. K. 1 Now Brunswick, British ('olui>il»ia Prc<|;inco of lManitot)a United States Europe Nowa|)aper rcforencus .... A(iK. ;«> 40 41 41 42 44 U 44 4r. 4(i 4(i 47 4K 4H 4!» nn r)4 04 55 nc. ns iV.) no r.i 101 10.-! 10;] lOo 111 112 11. S 114 Ufi 117 1. Wlu'lii'vci iiiid cniliisc siHii to Kivi' .v'l'"' "'' imiiif, and not I iiiiliH'of Manuii 2. Wliriiovi- Willi MS, anil it, naiiK' anil fiii'ni: iM-r yon, 1)"' ^"i H. Wlicni'V ircati'il yim;fiiil (. KfUii'inl)' Icllou'iHi-il' ■' till- hit I' v. I'll' i-cminil lur 1 oi' "). .\s rtiion i tcflfd aniiinst |hin«li)in\i>ll>i (1. {'iti/.i'i>'^. „fd' eased in> as .. lilt' iia'ix 7. It, is not period, in ordi teen years, ai allowed toslei except by siii'i H. Two or inventors. NN tlic patent m secure liis I'ar that tlu liaj;' with reeordin 9. Kenien very trcouent .his nenliRcu' l(t. I'ostaj (uuihlc to ;:e should alway U. Inven devel()I)>i>i'»t intcrfeveiue well to have goo.l plan IS preserve the V2. Posit' it is once roji thirtchanuti 13. ^V1.(; cxpUvin inll eonstniilioi not be delav If our el the lime to letter what phlet with such letters I'AdK. :«> 40 41 tl 42 44 44 44 45 4(> 4(; 47 48 48 4'.> 54 54 55 5(i 58 5!t m til r4 n»i KKi in;i 105 111 112 ii.s 114 no 117 HINTS TO CORRESPONDENTS. ♦♦♦ , lu.w oft.. n,,. Was.. Kiyo your «.l.ln;- i.r',,; .11. r v.n iivu wntint?. " J ' ,'\Vi"r,, (j, nrr^iilv we would reiiu.in- ',;,.,• you, but su.l. .. •■^'"""^V. -i V mue th.vt is. when you tlnnk wo h.ivc not in •U.'.l v..u.l.iiily. do not lus uuL i ..nnrtdenli.vl, luid that wo. • ot ,.,^:a-^^::;;^i u,:.''^.ant-.t;it'i;i^u i..dKe.ota „.uou. u. t,.. ...uu lhin«^''*'•'''''''ti»'■'• i^'i-son. , adininistiMtors of ost.it..: ■ll"\' aroiml'i'x ily «"• iK'rs-''.^- ,.„i,,,. v;,.u..s I'at.'Ul, witliin any spocitlod •^f S: - s's;i™;rs- ;^,s":t.;S?-j;. »- "■» •» Ki'.. In ri tuo oxmi * "^\. •;-,;:,, t,. ..ov.T uHV possible ('hargt "'"^"■'- s .vs s..,>.l us .V rcmttanc. to ' J '^^^t,,,,, ,„ade during the V..1- destro> nw'|'„'.^..',V' ^ j,,,^, ,,iiportan.e in case o date on thcni. It is always conception of invention. A ken with the model, and ^?i|ii?i?ii-2';S'^ u;a>^r'!^laei;.;ra^i^^pectf..l answer to such letters. N.L.C. B.N.C vn: : JL JL' UL JL UL' JL iJL u: :* 3 3286 04049510 9 MC60NMELL & MARION, Civil Engineers. WATER POWER and WATER WORKS EXPERTS ARBITRATORS, CONTRACTORS. Dominion and Provincial Land S,„^,,>ors, NEW YORK LIFE BLDO.. MONTREAL CIVIL ENGINEI5RING.-W^ Powers a, ul Water ^uMy .Svstems existin,irorpn,jn-te