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Newfoundland's Jubilee Tribute. 
 
 XTEWFOTTITDLAXTD ZXT 1897 
 
 BV 
 
 THE REV. M. HARVEY, LLD., F.R.S.C. 
 
 Sampson Low, Makston & Co., London. 
 To be had at all the Bookstores; Price, One Dollar. 
 
 OPINIONS OF THE PRESS. 
 
 The following letter from Sir Artluir Higgc, the (.)^ueeirs Private Secre- 
 tary, to Francis J. Hopwood, Esq., C.B., expfains itself. 
 
 VViM>s()K Casti.p:, 26th June, 1S97. 
 Dear Mh. Hopwoon, 
 
 I am desired by the Queen to thank you for the copy of the book 
 "Newfoundland in the Diamond Jul)ilee Year," by the Rev. M. Harvey, 
 which you have been good enough to offer througli me for Her Majesty's 
 acceptance. It will be placed in the Roval Library here. 
 
 Yours very truly, ARTHUR BIGGE. 
 
 FuA.vcis J. Hopwood, Esc^nui:, C. B., Board of Trade. 
 
 {ThH Pall Mali Gazette.) 
 In his "Newfoundland in 1897" I^'- Harvey lays very happy em- 
 phasis on the Qiieen's Diamond Jubilee and the celebration of the discov- 
 Cij v»i iiii^ i-M.iim xiy v^iiuwL ill 149/. Ills sioiy 01 [he voyage oi tne 
 'Matthew' is very thrilling reading, and makes you feel once again in 
 this year of inspirations that it is good to have been born an Englishman. 
 Very excellent, too, is his account of the development of the Colony into, 
 in the words of Charles Kingsley, "not the least bright gem in Qiieen 
 Victoria's crown." The little volume is full of information, and of in- 
 formation which is good for us who are proud of our Empire to accjuire 
 —one of the "little loops to pull it by." So " a health to the native 
 born." 
 
2 
 
 OPINIONS OK THE PRKvSS. 
 
 (The London Daily Mail) — having the hirgest circulation in London. 
 
 "Among the main instructive books born of the recent tjuicixening 
 of jjublic interest in our Colonies, that (Mi Newfoundland in iSc)^,' by 
 the Rev. M. Harvey, LL.D., is certainly one of the best. Here we have 
 a brief l)ut most vigorous account of this our oldest Colony, which this 
 year celebrates the 400lh anni\ersary of its discovery by John Cabot. 
 Together with its history, the author gives forcible descriptions of the 
 Island's natural ])eauty, and of its character and the character of its peo- 
 ple. He discusses also its commerce past and present, its prospects in 
 the future, its political condition and feeling, its political (lifliculties — 
 mainly with the French on the subject of the fisheries — its climate, and 
 the temptation it offers to the sportsman. For frontispiece the voUuue 
 has portraits of Sir William and Lady Whiteway. Other illustrations 
 help the reader's imagination." — (Sampson Low.) 
 
 (The London World.) 
 
 "A very interesting xolume is 'Newfoundland in 1S97,' ^3' t'^^' I^*-'^'* 
 M. Harvey, Too little is known by most people of this the oldest of oup 
 Colonies." 
 
 (The Scotsman.) 
 
 ''The Rev. 'Dr. Harvey, who has written nuich ami (jften on 'Bri- 
 tain's Fir>t Colony,' has prepared a brief anil comprehensive account of 
 'Newfoundland in 1897' (London: Samjison Low Si Co.), describing 
 the condition, resonrces and progress of the Islayd in the \ear which 
 marks at (jnce the record reign of the C^ueen and the four-hundredtli 
 anniversary of the discovery of Newfoundland by John Cabot. The pro- 
 gress of tlie Colony has met with checks ; but Mr. Harvey's little book 
 (which is admirably illustrated) ■nIiows how many elements of expansion 
 and attraction it posses.ses." 
 
 (The Colonies and India.) 
 
 It is rather an opportune moment for a work of this description, 
 when our Colonies are occupying j-uch a large share of public attention, 
 more especially as this Diamond Jubilee }ear is the 400th anniversary of 
 the discovery of Newfoundland. A good point in connection with the 
 (Queen's long reign is the advance made bv the Colonies and the strength- 
 enincr of the tie which binds them to the Mother C^oimtrv : and the author 
 has done well in presenting an account of England's first Colony, in 
 which a marked feeling of loyalty has been anil always will be plainly 
 visible. Was it not in Newfoundland that England made her first at- 
 tempt at planting a Colony, while the fisheries there have largely helped 
 to increase our commerce. The above volume forms a capital eye-opener 
 to those interested in Nevvfomulland as it is to-day. The author de\"otes 
 the main portion of the book to a description of the natural resources and 
 capabilities of the Island, which he says have been overlooked or misre- 
 presented, and, as a consequence, undervalued and neglected. There- 
 fore, the account given of the agricultural and mineral resources of the 
 
 I 
 
OPINIONS OF THE PRESS. 
 
 f 
 
 country will be a welcome surprise to inaiiv. The Hshcries are also dealt 
 with at some lenj^th, toj^etlicr with the conditions of the finances, trade, 
 education, Govtirnnient, the railways, public institutions, and the char- 
 acteristics of the people, while the scenery, climate, and sportiii"; capa- 
 bilities have their share of attention. The author has shown himself to 
 be thoroughly acquainted with the subject of his work, and the compre- 
 hensive and accurate way in w hich it is written adds an additional charm 
 to vvhiit is at once a most interestitijj and instructive volume. There is 
 not a page which is not full of solid fact and history, and we have little 
 doubt that, as a result of a perusal of its pages, closer attention will be 
 directed towards Newfoundland. To a^ul to the value of the book, there 
 are several excellent illustrations from photographs, including portraits of 
 Sir William Whiteway, Premier of the Colony, and Lady VVhiteway. A 
 good map of Newfoundland is al^o given. 
 
 {Journal of the Royal Colonial Instttate.) 
 
 The history of Newfoundland is in many ways one of uniciuc inter- 
 est, inasmuch as it was there that England achieved her first success in 
 maritime discovery, and also mad-: her first attempt at planting a Colony. 
 In prosecuting the fisheries of Newfoundland, Mr. Harvey points out that 
 English sailors first learned to rule the waves, and that for many years 
 i*s fisheries were the best nursery tor British seamen. A better know- 
 ledge, therefore, of the rise and progress of the Colony cannot fail to 
 prove of interest to all students of Colonial history. This Mr. Harvey 
 supplies in a thoroughly intelligible manner, commencing with the dis- 
 covery of North America by John Cabot, and following the course of 
 events up to the present time. He gives a description of the natural re- 
 sources and capabilities of the Island, of its agricultural an<l mineral re- 
 sources and forest wealth. He dwells at some length on the grand staple 
 industry of the Colony — the fisheries— and refers also to the finances, 
 trade, education, Government, I'ailways, public institutions, and the char- 
 acteristics of the people. The scenery, climate, and sporting capabilities 
 are set forth, and the improvements of the past twenty-five years are 
 pointed out. Mr. Harvey, who is well-known as a writer upon the his- 
 tory of Newfoundland, has resided there for forty-five years, and is so 
 able to bring to bear a considerable amount of personal experience in 
 dealing with various questions affecting the history, trade, and resources 
 of the Colony. The work is of convenient size, and appears to have 
 been carefully compiled and revised. It is well illustrated, and contains 
 a map of the Colony brought up to date. ; 
 
 (The Ijeeds Mercury.) 
 
 The pride of Empire which the Diamond Jubilee has evoked through- 
 out the widely scattered possessions of the Qiieen is responsible for a 
 good many books, some of which, it must be confessed, are as superficial 
 and pointless as they are perfervid and rhetorical. Amongst the rest, but 
 with more substantial claims, is Dr. Harvey's monograph on "New- 
 foundiand in 1S97." Dr. Harvey is well entitled to speak with authority 
 
OPINIONS OK THE PRKSS. 
 
 on our prt'inicr Colony, for he has lived for the respectable space of fortj- 
 li\e yeais on the Island, and peoi)le who are accustomed to consult the 
 *' Encyclop;i-dia Britannlca" are acipiaiiUed with his succinct and masterly 
 article on the subject. The area of Newfoundland is one-tifth less than 
 that of England, and lyin<^. as it does, at the mouth of the Gulf of St. 
 Lawrence, it has well been described as the stepping-stone between the 
 Old World and the New. Its stratejjical importance is obvious, for it 
 c<iu)mancls the St. Lawrence, and therefore the Dominion. Its fisheries 
 laid the fomulation, far back in the seventeenth century, of the maritime 
 supremacy of Ent2;land, but the waters which surround the tenth largest 
 island in the world have been, in the metaphorical as well as the actual 
 sense, troubled, for Spain and Portugal, and in more recent times the 
 I'nited States, have sent their iishermen to dispute with natives the har- 
 vest of the seas. Lord Salisbury once spoke of the "historic misfortunes" 
 of Newfoundland, and the phrase was justified in the eyes of all political 
 students. I low far Newfoundland has stood in its own light is another 
 matter, and out al)out which these pages are discreetly silent. Dr. Har- 
 vey's book, though written with enthusiasm, is valuable. We know not, 
 indeed, where else to turn for so minute a picture of the actual condition; 
 of life in that part of the world, or for so lumincjus a summary of the 
 manifold activities of the people, and the resources by land as well as by 
 sea which are within their grasp. We have not space to deal with a wide 
 array of facts and statistics regarding the fisheries, which are, of course, 
 tlie staple industry, and the same reason deters us from laying stress on 
 the agricultural and mineral wealth of the Island. The book has its 
 drawbacks, we admit, in the direction of partial statement ; but when 
 allowance is made for such limitations, enough remains in the wav of 
 new and minnte information to make it worthy of notice as a convenient 
 and able work of reference. 
 
 t » 
 
 • * 
 
 ^Glasgow Herald.) 
 
 It is not a little interesting, from the Imperial point of view, that the 
 Qiieen's so-called Diamond Jubilee should have fallen in the four hun- 
 dredth year since the discovery of our oldest Colony. It affords a re- 
 minder of the age of our Colonial Empire, the extent of which has been 
 lately brought so strikingly before stay-at-homes. Dr. Harvey hax done 
 well to issue this small bvt beautiful vohime of Newfoimdland, where Britain 
 achieved her first success in moxitime discovery, planted her first Colony, 
 tbiiiid a training ground for her seameu^ and hegan her carvtr of commercial 
 greatness from the fisheries. The story of Newfoundland has many pecu- 
 liar claims to interest, and Dr. Harvey tells it well. He begins with 
 John Cabot's adventurous and comparatively unnoticed voyage in the 
 ' Matthew,' of Bristol, and does full justice to that mariner, whose great 
 achievement has been too long eclipsed by that of Columbus. Of course 
 it is not by anv means clear that Newfoundland was really the first land 
 sighted by John Cabot, but he discovered the island in which came to be 
 planted our first Colony, although the mariners of Normandy and Brit- 
 tany first became alive to the value of the fisheries. ThdJ' were followed 
 
OPINIONS OF THE PRRSvS. 
 
 5 
 
 i 
 
 by Portti'^'itc'se and Spanish fishermen, and there is no evidence of Ent^li^li 
 tishoiin(."n there before 15 17. When they went they did nc)t mean to stav, 
 l>iit j^ot the (jovernment to keep the Ishmd as a phice for drying fisli. not 
 for settlement, by decieein*; that all fishermen should return to ICnjjIand 
 at tlie chjse of each fishing season. It was further decreed ])y the Star 
 Cliaml)cr that the master of the first ship enterinj^ a harbor in the Island 
 was to l)e admiral and magistrate for the season. Thus began the gi'<i. 
 tescjue system of government by '•Fishing Atlniirab" that was confirmed 
 by Act of Parliament even so late as 1689. It was not until 1729 that 
 the lirst governor was apjiointed bv the Crown and the way 'prepared for 
 constitutional freedom, which was at length obtained in iN:;} by the 
 grant of responsible self-govermnent. Newfoundland has been popularly, 
 but somewhat unjustly, reganled as a backward Colony, yet what a con- 
 trast between her position to-day and that untler the rough, ignorant, and 
 often unscrupulous "Fishing Admirals"! Seven hundred miles of r.iil- 
 way now traverse what \vas then the undisturbed haimt of deer and wolf 
 and fox; in what was believed to be the desert interior coal-beds and 
 C(jpper, iron and asbestos deposits have been discovered ; lumbering and 
 agriculture have been steadily developed. Practically the making of 
 modern Newfoundland has been the work of the (Queen's reign. The 
 mineral wealth of the Island is not vet appreciated as it seems to deserve. 
 How many people, for instance, know that the copper mines have already 
 yielded ten million dollars' worth of ore, and that one of the most valu- 
 able iron mines in the ^vorld has been recently opened near St. John's.^ 
 Less than a year ago a gold-bearing quart/ reef was discovered at Cape 
 Broyle, which yielded three ounces of gold to the ton. It is yet too early 
 to say whether Newfoundland is to take permanent rank among the gold- 
 producers of the world, but it is worth recalling that since the first geolo- 
 gical survey under Mr. Murray, geologists have, from the character of 
 the formations in many districts, predicted the discovery of gold in the 
 Island. Recently, too, a discovery of petroleum has been made, and the 
 deposits are believed to extend over a large nrea. As to agriculture, Dr. 
 Harvey says that if we take the whole area of the Island at 42,000 square 
 miles, and deduct one-third for water, there will remain 28,000 square 
 miles, of which about 7,000 are available for culture or grazing, the rest 
 being in forest, etc. The greatest source of wealth to the Colony, of 
 course, is in the fisheries, and it may be said that its prosperity rests upon 
 a foundation of cod iish bones. Ihe products of the fisheries constitute 
 four-nfths of the entire exports, and over one-fourth of the population are 
 engaged in catching and curing fish. Touching the commercial disaster 
 and political crisis of 1894, Dr. Harvey says the Colony has now got over 
 its troubles, and that the crash was by no means an unmixed evil. It 
 N\'as, indeed, a blessing in disguise, as it compelled reform of the com- 
 mercial system, swept away abuses, introduced improved methods of 
 trade and finance, and placed the business of the Colony on a sounder 
 basis than it had ever been. And hereafter. Dr. Hai*vey thinks, the 
 Island of Cods, Dogs and Fogs will be the happy haunt of tourists, hav- 
 
(; 
 
 OPINIONS OF THE PRESS. 
 
 ing a wealth of natural beauty, entitling it to be called the Norway of the 
 New World. iSumt t'.Ki'n •'Uf<ictic« ilhtMrat ions ( fro ru jtltutoym/ilis j fif Ika 
 urenery <u'e yiueii, antU oltoyelhtr, thtt colome ik a jdeandiit and iiitHfentintf 
 one. 
 
 ('ir/(iret(e Papers. -By Joskjmi IIatton. "More valuable than all the 
 mines of Peru." 
 
 Having been lying in the shade of darkened windows, with only 
 faint echoes of the outer world filtering in, I may have missed the name 
 of Newfoundland as one of the Colonies we have been honoring and 
 shaking hands with. I have always had a sneaking kindness for this 
 Cinderella of the Empire, this poor neglected little waif. Perhaps much 
 has been made of her and I have not heard of it The fairy godmother 
 may have t.iken her to the Mansion House in her coach and everybody 
 have been enamored of her, so many things happen that one does not 
 hear of in an ordinary way ; but when you have been laid up and dream- 
 ing of the Elysian fields, of course you may for the moment look to be 
 outside the news a good deal. Newfoundland is the oldest British Col- 
 ony. She is very much in evidence just now in connection w ith the dis- 
 coveries of the Cabots. VVe who sit about this round ta]>le and roll 
 cigarettes once a week for after-dinner smoking have discussed John 
 Cabot and the Bristol Venturers many a time and oft, and the recently 
 much-emphasi/ed story of his greatness has been no new tiling to us. 
 We heard in imagination the cry of " Land, ho" from the look-out of the 
 * Matthew' on May 2, 1497 -only this very year celebrated in England, 
 and very properly at Bristol — and it almo.st seems to have neeiled the re- 
 membrance of the discovery of the Island to have awakened public inter- 
 est in that Newfoundland which has for all these years been to England 
 a treasure island of never-failing value. Lord Bacon was alive to the 
 importance of the Island, whose fisheries, he said, "are more valuable 
 than all the mines of Peru." So the English Government of that time 
 handed this first British Colony over to a set of marauders and thieves 
 called the Fishing Admirals. They beat and starved her. If she built a 
 little hut and made a fire to warm her, they tore down the hut and damp- 
 ed down the fire. They committed every kind oi deviltry against her. 
 There is not in history such an instance of damnable persecution as these 
 bandits permitted themselves. Later, when the Government took charge 
 of her, they bartered bits of her property to the French, gave other be- 
 longings to the Americans, forbade her to settle : but in spite of all the 
 Ibland lived, became a Colony, and should to-day be petted and made 
 much of, not only as soine compensation for the past, but as a selfish 
 policy in the present ; she'll pay for good treatment. If you want to 
 learn more about her "Newfoundland in 1S97," written by her oldest in* 
 habitant, the Rev. M. Harvey, and published by Sampson Low & Co., 
 will enlighten you. This is not a book published with any hope of pro- 
 fit, except to profit the British public in giving them know ledge of a 
 treasure. 
 
 I 
 
OPINIONvS OF THK TRKSS. 
 
 ( 77*f Tinnkseller — London ) . 
 
 As tlic present year, besides beinjj the Qiicen's Diamond Jid>ilce. is 
 the four hiuuh'cdth aniiiversarv of the (liscoverv of the Ishind l»v John 
 Caliot, it is very appropriate for tlie publication of this useful aiul inter- 
 estinpj account of this Colony, which was the lirsf Colony thiii i.ln«ilai\d 
 planted on the American continent. Dr. Harvey, who has resided in the 
 Colony for forty-five years, jjivcs the reader a complete and comprehen- 
 sive view of its discovery by John Calu»t, of its history, and of il^ present 
 material resources. Of the a«{ricidtural and mineral wealth of the Colony 
 Dr. Flarvcv gives a very optimistic accotmt, and he also devotes consider- 
 able space to the important fishinj^ industries of the Colony. Indied, the 
 impression iie conveys is \ ery different to that current here a ycai" or two 
 since, when the future of Newfoundland seemed to be rather under a 
 cloud. Ifowever, after making all necessary deductions, there can be no 
 doubt tliat the Colony has a future before it, and Dr. Harxev's \oUnne, 
 wliich is v\l11 illustrated with excellent photographs, destirves to l»e care- 
 fully real hy all who ha\e any interest in the well being of our North 
 American possessions. 
 
 ( Manchester Gnardhm . ) 
 
 Newfouiulland is at present engaging special attention on several 
 grounds. The Jubilee year has brought all the colonies into unusual 
 promineiice, and Newfoundland claims peculiar notice on account of 
 its being the oldest of all. But, in addition to that, the Jubilee year, 
 as readers are reminded on the title-i)age of this book, is the four 
 hundredth ainiiversary of the discovery of the Island by John Cabot. 
 Moreover, within (juite recent years greater efforts have l)ecn uiaile 
 than ever before to devclope the resources of the interior of the Colony. 
 Lastl}-, the present viodns vli'c.niJi with regard to the claims of the 
 French on what is known as the French Shore conies to ari end at the 
 close of next year. With respect to tliis last matter the autlK)r con- 
 cludes w'th an expression of the sanguine belief that if <jnly the 
 colonist' will be "patient and wise, while firmly holding o-.i lo their 
 rights, the day is not distant when all present difficulties will ailmit of 
 an easy S!)lution." But he gives no hint as to how this solution is to 
 be reacliL-d, and slates the obstacles that lie in the way of ;• -olution 
 with a frankness that makes it difficult for the reader to l)e equally 
 sanguine. While England, he says, camiot disregard licr treaty 
 obligations, the national sentiment ol Franc»> will not permit of her 
 .statesmen accepting a money compensation or even a territorial ex- 
 change for her treaty rights. On the historj' and natural resources of 
 the Island and the recent measures taken to develope those r'jsources 
 the information given is sufficiently full though compact. The author 
 is specially anxious to dispel the prevailing idea that Newfoundland 
 consists mainly of extensive wastes doomed to perpetual barrenness by 
 a foggy climate. The prevailing fogs do not extend far inland, and 
 though it is admitted that wide tracts in the Island are irreclaimably 
 barren, there are at least seven thousand .square miles available for 
 
OPINIONS OF THK PRKvSS. 
 
 cultivation or (or ^raziii^ purposes, these agricultural lands lyinj^ in 
 belts mainly alon>{ the vallevs of the princii)al rivers and round the 
 heads of the great bays. Much of this land, it is expected, will be 
 made accessil)le by the railway, which winds northwards and tlien 
 westwards from Notre Dame Hay across the Island to rorl-aux-Hastjue, 
 and is to be completed within the present year. The mineral resources 
 of the Island are also extensive. Copper has long been mined in large 
 quantity. There are also large coalfields. Iron pyrites have been ex- 
 ported in considerable (juantities to the Unitetl .States for several years, 
 and a little over two years ago " one of the finest deposits of iron ore 
 in the world" was found on liell Isle, in Conception Hay, about twelve 
 miles from St. John's. Already a co.stly mining plant has been erected 
 here, and the apparatus for shipping the ore forms the subject of one 
 of the sixteen plates with which the volume is illustrated. A.sbestos 
 is also largely mined, and other minerals are found. The precise 
 locality where the mineral deposits and workings are situated is 
 always stated in the text, but in' many cases cannot be found on the 
 may accompanying the volume. 
 
 (Montreal Herald.) 
 
 "Newfoundland in 1S97" is the name of a volume which has just 
 been puldished in London by Sampson Low, Marston & Co. It is from 
 the pen of the Rev. Harvey, LL.D., F.R.S.C., who is recognized as be- 
 ing the best authority upon the history of Britain's oldest Colony. It is 
 by far the most complete account of Newfonndland that has yet appeared, 
 every featuie of the Coloiy's life and industries being dealt with by the 
 master hand of its author. The book is intended as a joint somenir of 
 the Qiieen's Diamond Jubilee and the 400th anniversary of the discovery 
 of the Island by John Cabot, and is beautifully illustrated with photo- 
 gravures of Sir VVilliam and Lady Whiteway, and of beautiful spots in 
 the Colony, or characteristic specimens of its leading industry — the deep 
 .sea fishery. Dr. Harvey's latest volume will rank with Dr. Bourinot's 
 recently publishsd volume upon Canada. Nobody who is interested in 
 the Ancient Colony should be without it, and its perusal would be a 
 benefit to many who know ton little about our fellow-kinsmen whose 
 Island commands the gateway of Canada. 
 
 ( Halifax WitneaH. ) 
 
 No one can more skilfully present the resources, the romantic 
 story, the picturesque attractions of England's oldest Colony than the 
 Rev. Dr. Harvey. We have under our hand his newe.st book — 
 "Newfoundland in 1897. Being Queen Victoria's Diamond Jubilee 
 Year and the Four Hundredth Anniversary of the Di.scovery of the 
 Island by John Cabot." The volume contains ov^er 200 pages, is 
 beautifull}' printed, and abundantly illustrated. It opens with full 
 page portraits of Sir William and Lady Whiteway. It contains a use- 
 ful map of the Island. It is published by Sampson Low, Marston & ; 
 Co., London. We congratulate the people of Newfoundland upon . 
 
OPINIONS OF THI-: I'RICSS. 
 
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 having among thcni one who can present their country's claims so 
 effectively, and with such winning eloquence. Dr. Harvey comes out 
 emi)hatically, as all our leading thinkers do, in favor of "thegraiul 
 consummation of the federation of the Colonies with the Mother-land, 
 by which they m'ay hecome integral parts of one great wIkjIc linked 
 by ties that coming years will render stronger and stronger." Dr. 
 Harvey describes in this volume the natural resources and capabilities 
 of Xewfoutulland — its fore.st wealth, its mineral stores still largely 
 waiting tlie skill of the explorer, its in\-iling soil, and its teeming 
 waters. The discovery of the Island by Cabot, and its history from 
 that day are here given briefly but comprehensively and clearly. In 
 fact Dr. Harvey adorns every subject he touches. The reader, we are 
 sure, will find in this volume nnu.. lo instruct him, and some things 
 to creat'2 astonishment. It is amazing what treatment was accorded 
 to colonists in comparatively recent times. We notice by statistics 
 given by Dr. Harvev that the public revenue of Newfoundland has 
 steadily increased from 1892 to 1896. Last year it was ^1,564,457. 
 This is at the rate of ii^7.44 per head of the population. In Canada the 
 rate is $5.81 per head; but in Newfoundland there is verj' little direct 
 taxation. The debt of the Province amounted last year to ^13, 000,- 
 000 — S62 per head of the population. In Canada our public debt is 
 now very nearly, perhaps quite, $50 per head. In the Australian 
 Colonies the debt per head runs all the way from $190 to $35. The 
 British national debt is $86 per head, and that of France S146. Dr. 
 Harvey's account of the great crash of 1894 is edifying reading. The 
 book is delightful; the people of Newfoundland nay well be proud 
 of it. 
 
 (Montreal Gazette.) 
 
 We have more than ordinary pleasure in thus accentuating the 
 antiquity of Newfoundland in the mighty claim of Her Majesty's over- 
 sea dominions, because they have been recalled to us by a writer to 
 whom the readers of the Gazatte, and especially those of them who for 
 any reason are especially interested in Newfoundland, have for years 
 been indebted for regular and trustworthy information and judicious 
 comment on the affairs of our Island neighbors. The Rev. Dr. Harvey, 
 F.R.S.C., who was one of the first proposers of the Cabot celebration, 
 has just brought out a volume of characteri.stic excellence entitled, 
 ' Newfoundland in 1897 ; being Queen Victoria's Diamond Jubilee 
 Year, and the 400th Anniversary of the discovery of the Island by 
 John Cabot." Dr. Harvey is no longer young, but we would be sorry 
 to accept his word (in a letter to the proprietor of this paper) that this 
 attractive and instructive volume is to be " the la.st fruit from an old 
 tree." Although he is in his 77th year, this, first of the Books of the 
 Jubilees (for every part.of the F)mpire has its own jubilee, as well as 
 the great Mother City of the Queen's domain), shows no sign of in- 
 tellectual falling off. It is an admirable complement to his previous 
 works on Newfoundland. The Jubilee Book brings the record down 
 
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 OPINIONS OF THE PRESS. 
 
 to the close of the jubilee month of June, and deals with welcome ful- 
 ness on the Cabot controversy. It is published by the important firm 
 of Sampson, Low, Marston & Company, but may be ordered from any 
 bookseller in this city or elsewhere. It is well supplied with maps and 
 illustrations, and should be in the hands of all who would know the 
 condition and prospects (commercial, financial, industrial, etc.), of 
 England's oldest Colony. 
 
 {Canadian Gazette — London). 
 
 Newfoundland is often spoken of as the most backward of British 
 Colonies, and her public men are prone to heap all the blame upon 
 negligent British statesmanship. There is much about Downing 
 Street administration of which Newfoundland has good ground for 
 complaint; but, after all, Cinderella was not herself blameless. She 
 might have shown a little more self-pride and self-respect. At any 
 rate, Cinderella had her da}- in time, and it seems as though New- 
 foundland was on the eve of a new life. Judge Prowse did her a 
 great service by his history, and now we have to welcome another 
 work from the industrious pen of the Rev. Dr. Harvey, who has lived 
 forty-five years in St. John's, and worked more assiduoush' probably 
 than any other living man to dispel the ignorance of the outside world 
 as to England's nearest and oldest Colony. His "Newfoundland — 
 the Oldest British Colony" appeared fourteen years ago. It was fol- 
 lowed by his "Text Book" in i<S85, and a second edition was issued 
 in 1890. Then came the "Hand Book and Tourists' Guide" in 1894; 
 and now we have "Newfoundland in 1897" (London: Sampson Low, 
 Marston & Co.), which brings the reader well in touch with the latest 
 events in the Island. 
 
 Tht-re is, as Dr. Harvey shows in his preface, peculiar reason for 
 keeping Newfoundland in mind in this 3'ear of Imperial ideals, for she 
 was the cradle of British expansion: — "The story of Newfoundland, 
 " in many ways, is one of unique interest. Here England achieved 
 " her first success in maritime discovery. Here her first attempt at 
 " planting a Colony was made. •In prosecuting the fisheries of New- 
 " foundland, English sailors first learned how to rule the waves. The 
 " wealth derived from these fisheries helped largely to build up Eng- 
 • land's commercial greatness. For many years its fisheries were the 
 " best nursery for her seamen; and they ultimately led to the found- 
 " ing of English Colonies for their protection and prosecution. Great 
 " and heroic men took part in the early colonisation of the Island, and 
 ' ' the glory which their names shed on its liistor}- should never be for- 
 " gotten. A knowledge of the changes, struggles, and sufferings 
 " through which its people passed can never fail to be one of deep 
 " interest." 
 
 The 400th anniversarj' of Cabot's discovery of North America 
 leads Dr. Harvey to make that the starting poi^it of his treatise, and 
 he welcomes the removal of the reproach that Newfoundland had 
 neglected the memory of her first benefactor. Of the railway, Dr. 
 
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OPINIONS OF THE PRESS. 
 
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 Harvey says: — "About the construction of the railway there can be 
 ' but one opinion. The most competent judges pronounce it one of 
 ' the best roads ever laid down in a new country. There is no flimsy 
 ' work on it; all is solid and calculated to last. The road-bed is un- 
 ' surpassed; the rails heavj' and of the best material; the sleepers 
 ' excellent ; and the bridges and culverts, of granite and steel, are of 
 ' the best construction. The passenger cars are of the same style as 
 ' those used on the Canadian Pacific Railway. Pullman cars are to 
 ' form part of the equipment. In short, Mr. Reid has left nothing 
 ' undone to make the line attractive and successful. The most lib- 
 ' eral arrangements will be made for the promotion of a large passen- 
 ' ger and goods traffic." 
 
 And Dr. Harvey is .sanguine that this trunk line will pay: — " Is 
 
 * this railway likely to prove remunerative? Few lines, in a new 
 
 * country, present more abundant elements of success. In the valleys 
 ' of Codroy, St. George's Bay, Bay of Islands, the Humber, Exploits 
 ' and Gander, which are either traversed or crossecl by the railway, 
 ' there are immense stretches of good land well adapted for settle- 
 ' ment. Where the land is not arable it is in many places admirably 
 ' adapted for cattle-raising, especially in the Exploits Valley, where 
 ' there is an abundant supply of nutritious grasses in summer. Its 
 ' proximity to English markets — onlj' six or seven days' steaming — 
 ' its excellent harbor, and its facilities for growing hay and root 
 ' crops, all mark it out as a ranching district of great promise. An 
 ' extensive lumbering business has already sprung up along these 
 ' valleys. At Ba}- of Islands is one of the finest herring-fisheries in 
 
 * the world, which, aided by the means of transportation furnished by 
 ' the railway, will be greatly enlarged. Extensive marble beds are 
 ' also found here. A coal-field of great promi.se is crossed by the 
 ' railway near Grand Lake, and iron is also reported to be found in 
 ' its neighborhood. The finest coal-field of the Island is in St. 
 ' George's Bay. Asbestos and other minerals are discovered at 
 ' various points, and as the countrj' is opened up and settled these 
 ' mineral discoveries may be expected to increase. Fine harbors are 
 
 * available on both the western and eastern shores. In fact, the rail- 
 ' way opens up the most valuable lands in the country. All these 
 ' advantages combined give ample assurance of future prosperity for 
 ' the railway. That a small Colony, by no means wealthy, has dis- 
 ' covered such spirit, energy and sagacity as to construct such a line, 
 ' and to make provision for payment of interest on its cost, is certainly 
 ■ greatly to its credit ; and it is now quite certain that it can shoulder 
 ' the burden of debt incurred by its construction without any undue 
 ' strain." 
 
 Other chapters deal in a most timely and useful way with the re- 
 markable mining developments now in progress on the Island, of 
 which full accounts have been published in the 'Canadian Gazette.' 
 Of Newfoundland as an agricultural and lumbering country he has a 
 high opinion, and speaks well of the climate. He rejoices over the 
 
12 
 
 OPINIONS OF THE PRESS. 
 
 quick and "almost complete" recovery of the Colony from its com- 
 mercial troubles; "in reality, its vital powers were untouched by the 
 disaster that seemed at first overwhelming." A country that has .so 
 quickly recovered should, he justly says, have a future before it. He 
 is even hopeful of a satisfactory issue of the French shore di.spute: — 
 " The colonists, by their temperate presentation of their grievances, 
 ' have won the sympathy of England and the respect of her leading 
 ' statesmen. They may re.st assured, then, that as soon as an oppor*^ 
 • tunity presents itself their wrongs will be righted. But England 
 ' cannot accomplish impossibilities. She cannot disregard her treaty 
 ' obligations ; and she has no power to compel France to forego her 
 ' treaty rights. Surely, then, all right-thinking men will agree that 
 ' the duty and interest of the Colony lie in co-operation with the Im- 
 ' perial authorities, both in securing a proper measure for the en- 
 ' forcement of the treaties, and also in the settlement of the whole 
 ' question in the future. The present time calls for moderation, .self- 
 ' control, and the exerci.se of that good sense which will calmly look 
 ' facts in the face." 
 
 " Be patient and wise, while firmly holding on to 5'our rights" — 
 that is Dr. Harvey's panacea for the diplomatic ills from which, to the 
 shame of British statesmanship, Newfoundland still suffers. 
 
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