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ETC. -UE BANKS WITH 41 FULL-PAGE ILLUSTRATIONS. T. NELSON AND SONS, PATEKNOSTEU ROW. EDINBURGH; AND InEW YORK. 1880. y PR M?M7 ') 9 VI "^ 1 ■V 4 t> U J. ^'f^^i to If), UJ, h Q, 4% »,' % A \ 1 11 I ©fontcntjs. CHAPTER I. OUR HABITATION IN THE FOREST MY SHAKE OK THE SPOILS OF THE DAY'8 CHASE — UNCLE MAKK COMMENCES HIS NARRATIVE — WHY MY UNCLES DECIDE TO EMIGRATE — LANDING IN SAFETY, THEY START UP COUNTRY — THEIR MEETING WITH SIMON YEARSLEY, AN OLD SETTLER — THE SETTLEMENT IS FOUND IN RUINS — LILY AND I RESCUED — UNCLK MARK PROMISES TO RESUME HIS NARRATIVE ON THE FIRST OPPORTUNITY — MY LOVE OF NATURAL HISTORY — UNCLE MARK CONTINUES HIS NARRA- TIVE — YEARSLEY GOES IN PURSUIT OF THE INDIANS— THE BURIAL OF lily's MOTHER — THE RETURN TO THE WAGGON — THEY REACH THE NEAREST SETTLEMENT — ALARM OF THE SETTLERS UPON HEARING OF THE OUTRAGE COMMITTED BY THE INDIANS — UNCLE STEPHEN'S MARRIAGE — CONCLUSION OF UNCLE MARK'S NARRATIVE — LILY AND I GO BERRYING — WE ARE ATTACKED BY A WOLF — KEPENAU SAVES OUR LIVES — HIS PRESENT OF VENISON TO AUNT HANNAH — KEPENAU'S BELIEF IN THE GOODNESS OF THE GREAT SPIRIT — THE INDIAN'S ADVICF. 11-40 CHAPTER II. OREENFORD SETTLEMENT — THE FLYING SQUIRRELS — MIKE LAFFAN AND TOM QUAMBO — THEIR DOGS, YELP AND SNAP — A RACCOON-HUNT— MIKE HAV- ING SEEN A BEAR, WE GO IN CHASE OUR DOGS SCENT BRUIN — QUAMBO IN DANGER — THE BEAR IS KILLED, AND QUAMBO RELEASED — WE RETURN TO THE HUT — THE LOGGING BEE — UNCLE STEPHEN'S HOUSE — INDIAN SUMMER MIKE LAFFAN'S CREMONA — THE NIGHT ATTACK OF THE WOLVES — WE DETERMINE TO GO LUMBERING FOR THE WINTER — MIKE AND I GO ON AHEAD— UNCLE MARK IS AXTACKBD BY A WOLF-— MIKE 8A VES HIM, AND WE PROCEED ONWARDS 41-71 CHAPTER III. KEPENAU'S TIMELY APPEARANCE — WE VISIT KEPP.- A TERRIFIC SNOWSTORM NAU'S CAMP — HIS HOSPITALITY — AN INDIAN'S DREAD OF THE FIRS Vlll CONTENTS. WATER" — WK BID ADIK0 TO OUR INDIAN FRIENDS— OUR ARRIVAL AT THK LOOOINO ENCAMPMENT— JACQUES MICIIAUD TAKES A FANCY TO MIKE — JACQUE's raft STORV — MY UNCLE AND 1 START ON OUR RETURN — WE ARE ATTACKED BY A FIERCE PACK OF WOLVES, AND ARE SAVED BY KEPENAU AND HIS MEN — MIKE LAFFAN IN A DIFFICULTY — WE RESCUE HIM — A8HATEA, KKPENAU'S DAUGHTER — MY VISIT TO LILY— MR. AND MRS. CLAXTON — DORA AND REUBEN — REUBEN VISITS OUR HUT— THE MARTEN AND PORCUPINE — AN OPOSSUM-HUNT TZ-110 CHAPTER IV. UNCLE mark's GOOD OPINION OF REUBEN — MIKE LAFFAN'S FIDDLE — THE BEAVER — Reuben's desire to turn trapper — quambo takes a pipe — KEPENAU'S canoe — ASUATEA paddles REUBEN HOME — KEPENAU'S SAGACITY — UNCLE MARK WELCOMES KEPENAU AND HIS DAUOHTER — THE OLD TRAPPER — REUBEN CARRIES SAMSON'S PACK— ASHATEA IS TAUGHT ENGLISH BY LILY AND DORA — MARTIN GODFREY'S VISIT TO THE SETTLEMENT — KEPENAU AND ASIIATEA'S DEPARTURE — SANDY m'cOLL, TH E IIALF-BREED — > VISIT TO KEPENAU — PORTAGING 111-151 CHAPTER V. AN INTRUDER — WE ARRIVE AT KEPENAU'S CAMP — ASHATEA INQUIRES KINDLY AFTER LILY AND DORA — DEER-HUNTING — THE STRANGE INDIANS — KEPE- NAU'S PRECAUTIONS — MIKE AMUSES THE CAMP WITH HIS FIDDLE — OJR FAREWELL — KAKAIK's ADVICE WITH REGARD TO RAPID-SHOOTING — THE TREACHEROUS INDIAN ON SHORE — MIKE AND I PADDLE DESPERATELY — THE OANOE IS UPSET — CARRIED DOWN THE STREAM — A NATURAL PLACE OF CONCEALMENT IN A HOLLOW TRUNK — MY TERROR ON PERCEIVING THE INDIANS — FORCED BY HUNGER TO LEAVE MY CONCEALMENT, I A»I TAKEN PRISONER BY FOUR INDIANS 162-1S3 CHAPTER VI. MY INDIAN CAPTORS COMMENCE THEIR HOMEWARD JOURNEY — ARRIVAL AT THE CAMP — AGUSKOOAUT THE CHIEF — HIS KINDNESS TO ME — MY ASTONISHMENT ON SEEING MIKE A PRISONER — HIS LUDICROUS FIDDLING — HIS COMICAL ACCOUNT OF HIS CAPTURE — RETURN OF THE WARRIORS FROM THE WAR-PATH — MIKE AND I JOIN THE BUFFALO-HUNTERS — THE HERD — EXCITING SPORT — THE BISON — ITS IMPORTANCE TO THE INDIANS — MY HOPE OF ESCAPE — I AM IN GREAT DANGER FROM THE HERD — MIKE RESCUES ME— OUR RETURN TO CAMP 184- 'J20 CHAPTER VII. hike's PRECAUTION — WE AGAIN GO BUFFALO-HUNTING — THE PRAIRIE ON FIRK — A RIDE FOR LIFE — OUR ESCAPE FROM THE FIRE AND THE INDIANS — \ CONTENTS. IX IKIBULINU HOUSES — THK KIRK 18 HTOPPBD BY THK RIVBB— A BRIRr HLEE1> — OUR FI8HINO TACKLE — MIKE CATCHES A CAT-ri8H — OUR LEAN-TO— BIIKB L08E8 BIB HOOK — THE VISIT OF BRUIN — A HEARTY MEAL — DEATH OF hike's horse— 1 AM TAKEN SICK — MIKE'S CAREFUL WATCH — MY HOR8E 18 DROWNED — OUR VISIT TO THE RICE LAKE — WS FIND LILY AND DORA THERE, WITH A8HATEA, IN A CANOE, OATHERINQ RICE — L1LY'8 ACCOUNT UF MANILICK, THE YOUNU CHIEF, ASQATBA's LOVER— KBPENAU'a ADDRESS — AGAIN TAKEN ILL — HOW I RECOVER 221-257 CHAPTER VIII. UNOLB mark's CANOE— OUR START FOR HOME — THE RATTLESNAKES — MIKE LONOS FOR HIS FIDDLE — OUR NIGHT ENCAMPMENT — JACQUES LEROCQUK'S FISHING JOKE— MIKE'S TERROR AT THE SUPPOSED INDIAN AMBUSCADE — THE PHANTOM BEAR — OUR ARRIVAL AT HOME— KAKAIK AND THE FIDDLE — hike's DELIGHT KEPENAU'S SECOND VISIT — REUBEN's CHAGRIN — MR. SIMON SPARK'S ADVENT — HIS GLOWING DESCRIPTION OF THE FAR NORTH-WEST — THE FOREST ON FIRE — OUR HUT DESTROYED — OUR ESCAPE 258-288 CHAPTER IX. THE SETTLERS DETERMINE TO ACCEPT MR. SPARKS* OFFERS — LILY's SORROW AT LEAVING THE OLD SETTLEMENT — MODE OF ADVANCE — SABBATH OBSERV- ANCE ON THE MARCH — WE ARE LEFT BEHIND, IN CONSEQUENCE OF OUR WAGGON BREAKING DOWN — OUR GREAT WANT OF WATER — A DANGER- OU8 DESCENT — THE HORRID SPECTACLE OF THE WOLVES — OUR OXEN FLAGGING, 1 PROCEED FORWARD ALONE IN THE DIRECTION OF A FIRE IN THE DISTANCE — MY JOY UPON DISCOVERING OUR FRIENDS — REUBEN OFFERS TO ACCOMPANY ME BACK — WE GET LOST — FAITHFUL HIKE FINDS US — STRANGE HORSEMEN — MIKE, REUBEN, AND I TAKEN PRISONERS BY THE SIOUX 280-319 FIRB lNS — CHAPTER X. MY SPRAINED ANKLE — MIKE'S DEVOTION — REUBEN BROUGHT TO THE CAMP — THE INDIANS BIND US TO TREES — THE DEBATE ON OUR FATE — I AM RELEASED BY SANDY m'cOLL — OLD SAMSON AGAIN THE SECRET CAVERN — SAMSON IS VERY KIND AND ATTENTIVE TO ME — HIS CLOSE ATTENTION TO MY ACCOUNT OF THE BURNING OF THK SETTLEMENT, AND THE RESCUE OF LILY AND I WHEN CHILDREN — I RECOVER, AND SAMSON AND I LEAVB THE CAVERN TO RECONNOITRE — THE INDIAN MASSACRE — SANDY, REUBEN, AND MIKE ARE HOTLT PURSUED — OUR FORTRESS BESIEGED — WE HOLD OUT, AND BEAT OFF OUR BESIEGERS — OUR STA.RT —THE KLK 820-352 CONTENTS. CHAPTER XI. SAMSON's advice about liUFFALO-HUNTlNO— I SEE BUFFALO IN THE D18- TANCE — OVERTAKEN BY A TERRIFIC STORM BENIOIITED ON THE PLAIN — BUNOER-8TRICKEN, I ALLOW MY HORSE TO TAKE HIS OWN WAY— I SWOON AWAY — THE SPANIARDS FIND ME — PABLO, THE COOK — THE PRAIRIE ON riHB — INDIANS APPROACHINO, I DASH THROUQII THE FLAMES— MY POOR HORSE 18 FRTQHTFULLY SCORCHED — THE WOLVES IV PLllSUIT — I TAKE REFUOB IN A TREE — MY HORSE IS DEVOURED BY THE WOLVES — THE WOLVES DEPART IN CHASE OF BUFFALO — I DESCEND, AND EAT THE LOATHSOME WOLF-FLESH IN MY HUNGER — LiaHTINO A FIRE, I CAMP FOR THE NIOHT — SHOOTING A BEAVER 355-375 CHAPTER XII. I FIND POOR PABLO, AND ASSIST HIM — BOASTED SQUIRREL — PABLo's REASON FOR DESIRING TO JOIN THE ENGLISH — WE STALK A BUFFALO — PABLO's TERROR AT THE APPROACH OP INDIANS — MY SURPRISE AT BEING WEL- COMED BY HANILICK — MIKE's JOY AT SEEING ME ALIVE — WE AGAIN START IN THE DIRECTION OF THE WAGGON-TRAIN — OLD SAMSON, REUBEN, AND SANDY NEARLY ROASTED ALIVE BY THE APACHES — QUAMBo'S CARE OF "dK fiddle" — lily's RELATIONSHIP TO OLD SAMSON— KEPENAU AND MANILICK — CONCLUSION 37U-393 Ri Til inI ai$t of i^llustrations. -♦♦- OUR CABIN IN THE WOODS ' " •• . . ROOEn AT WORK, ' * • • • • AM UNWELCOME VISITOll. • • • • THE KIXO OF THE FOREST ' ■ • • • . . I.V THE POUEST. •• • • .. NQUIRKELS CROSSING A STREAM f • • , , A UACCOON-HUNT BY NIGHT ' " • • .. OARRTING HOME THE PRIZE > •• •. , , VISITED BY WOLVES, • • • • LUMBERERS AT WORK, IN PURSUIT, .. CHARMING THE WOLVES, FIGHT BETWEEN A MARTEN AND A PORCUPINE, W OPOSSUM-HUNTING, A BEAVER DAM, BEAVER HOUSES, DESCENDING THE RAPIDS, SAMSON AND SANDY STARTING ON THEIR EXPEDITION, MAKING A PORTAGE, .. THE DEER AT BAY, DEER-HUNTING ON THE LAKE, SETTING OUT FROM THE SETTLEMENT, .. [[ REUBEN IN DANGER, .. THE DISCOVERY OF THE FOOTPRINTS, INDIANS AT HOME. THE chief's INTERCESSION, KRO] VTISPIECK •• 23 •• 3,i •• 37 .. 43 * • • 47 •• 61 .. 57 • • « C5 .. 79 • • , 89 .. 05 •• 103 .. 107 •• 117 •• 121 •• 127 •• 145 •• 149 •• 157 • ICl • 107 • 171 • 179 • 191 • • 201 Xll LIST OF ILLUSTIIATIONS. BUrrALO 0R08BIN0 A RIVER, A BU/KALO-HUNT, THK WARNING, A RACE FOR LIFE, KEPENAU PRKACIIINO TO THE INUIANH, .. CROSSINQ THE LAKE, .. FI8UINO UNDER DIFFICULTIES, .. THE LAND AUENT, TRAVELLING UNDER DIFFICULTIES, A DREADFUL SCENE, .. TUE EMIORANT-TRAIN ATTACKED BY INDIANS, ON THE WATCH, A TRMPTINO PRIZE, THE FAITHFUL BTKED, .. AT KBPENAU'a CAMP, .. 207 213 223 227 253 201 209 281 20& 301 315 337 353 301 385 IN THE FOREST. CHAPTER I. OUK HABITATION IN TIIK FOXIEST — MY 811 AUE OF THE SPOILS OF THK I)A\'8 CUASK — UNCLE MAIIK COMMENCES ICIH NAKUATIVE— WU Y MY UNCLES DECIDE TO EMIORATE— LANDIN(» IN SAFETY, THEY START UP COUNTRY — TIIEIR MEETINU WITH HIMON YEAHSLEY, AN OLD SETTLER — THE SETTLEMENT 18 FOUND IN RUINS — LILY AND I RESCUED — UNCLE MARK PROMISES TO RESl ME HIS NARRATIVE ON THE FIRST OPPORTUNITY — MY LOVE OF NATURAL HISTORY — UNCLE HARK CONTINUES HIS NARRA- TIVE — YEAJISLEY GOES IN PURSUIT OF THE INDIANS— THE BURIAL OF lily's MOTHER — THE RETURN TO THE WAOOON — THEY REACH THE NEAREST SETTLEMENT — ALARM OF THK HETTLEl. ■} UPON HEARING OF THK OUTRAGE COMMITTED BY THE INDIANS — UNCLE STEPHEN'S MARRIAGE — CONCLUSION OF UNCLE MARK'S NARRATIVE — LILY AND I GO BERRYIXO — WE ARE ATTACKED BY A WOLF — KEPENAU SAVES OUR LIVES — HIS PRKSEKT OF VENISON TO AUNT HANNAH — KEPENAU'S BELIEF IN THE GOODNESS OF THE GREAT SPIRIT — THE INDIAN'S ADVICE. 'S Lily not Uncle Stephen's daughter, then ? " I asked. The question was put to my uncle, Mark Tregellis, whom I found seated in front of our hut as I returned one evening from a hunting excursion — it having been my duty that day to go out in search of game for our larder. Uncle Mark had just come in from his day's work, which had been that of felling the tall trees surrounding our 12 OUR FOREST-HOME. habitation. He and I together had cleared an acre and a hall" since we came to our new location. It was a wild region in which we had fixed our- selves. Dark forests were on every rside of us. To the north and the east was the great chain of lakes which extend a third of the way across North America. Numberless mountain-ranges rose in the distance, with intervening heights, — some rugged and precipitous, others clothed to their summits with vegetation. Numerous rivers and streams ran througli the country; one of which, on whose banks we purposed building our future abode, passed close to our hut; Besides the features I have described, there were waterfalls and I'apids, deep valleys and narrow gorges penetrating amid the hills ; while to the south-west could be seen, from the higher ground near us, the wide prairie, extending away far beyond human ken. Wild indeed it was, for not a single habitation of white men was to be found to the west- ward ; and on the other side, beyond the newl}- formed settlement in Avhich Uncle Stephen resided, but few cottages or huts of the hardy pioneers of civilization, — and these scattered only here and there, — existed for a hundred miles or more. Uncle Mark, having lighted the fire and put the pot on to boil, had thrown himself down on the ground in front of the hut, with his back to the wall, and was busy contemplating the dark pines which towered up before him, and calculating how long it would take, with his sharp axe^ to fell them. I had brought home a haunch of venison as my UNCLE MARK .S NARRATIVE. 13 sliare of the spoils of the chase (in which I had joined Uncle Stephen) ; and it was in consequence of a remark made by him while we were out liunting, that I liad somewdiat eagerly asked at Uncle Mai'k the question with which this story opens. " No ; Lily is not Stephen's daughter, — nor even related to him," he answered. "But we will cut some steaks off that haunch and broil them ; and while we are discussing our su}»per, T will tell you all about the matter." Tlie slices of venison, and flour-cakes bjiked on the fire, were soon ready ; and seated at the door of our hut, with a fire burning Ijefore us to keep off the mosquitoes, we commenced oui* repast, when I re- minded my uncle of his promise. " It is a good many years ago, but even now it is jiainful to think of those days," he began. " We came from Cornwall, in the 'old country,' where your Uncle Stephen, your mother, and I were born. She had married your father, Michael Penrose, however, and had emigrated to America, when we were mere boys; and we were just out of our apprenticeship (Stephen as a blacksmith and I as a carpenter) when we received a letter from your father and mother invitinjj us to join them in America, and s'ttinjj: forth the advantages to be oljtained in the new country. We were not long in making up our minds to accept the invitation; and in the spring of the next year we crossed the sea, with well nigh three hundred other emigrants, — some going out to relatives and friends, others bent on seekincj their fortunes, trustin'^ alone u A JOURNEY UP COUNTRY. to their own strong arms and determined will for success. " We found, on landing, that we had a journey of some hundred miles before us; part of which could be performed in boats up the rivers, but the greater portion was along 'corduroy' roads, through dark forests, and over mountains and plains. Our brother- in-law, a bold, determined person, had turned back- woodsman, f^nd, uniting himself with a party of hardy fellows of similar tastes, had pushed on in advance of the old settlers, fnr to the westward, in spite of the difficulties of obtaining stores and pro- visions, and the dangers they knew they must en- counter from hostile Indians whose territories they were invading. We did not, however, think much of these things, and liked the idea of being ahead, as it seemed to us, of others. The forest was before us. We were to win our way through it, and establish a home for ourselves and our families. " We had been travelling on for a couple of weeks or so, following the directions your father had given us in order to find his new location, but greatly in doubt as to whether we were going right, when we were fortunate enough to fall in with a settler who knew him, and who was returninjj with a waof- gon and team. He readily undertook to be our guide, glad to have our assistance in making way through the forest. We provided ourselves with crowbars to lift the waggon out of the ruts and holes and up the steep ascents ; for we had left the ' corduroy ' roads — or, indeed, any road at all — fixr in 01 ca I TirUOUtill 'llli: FOllKST. 15 bcliin^-trcc-, tho tai)i)ing of the wood])eckers on the decaying trunks, or the whistling cry vi' the Utile chitinonl; a-; it raji from bouL'h to bou'di. "1 Jjad expected to mec-t v.ith beais, v.olvts, raccoons, lynxes, and other animals, and w ;is sur!)rl-ed at encountering so fev,' li\ing creatuivs. 'They arL- here, notwithstanding,' ob.-orvcd our iVirud; 'you will get your eyes sharjivned to find them in time. In the course of a year or two you r/c/y Viocome cx])crt b»ack woodsmen. Yu\i can't expoct {■) dmp into the life all at once.' I'>y attr-nding lo the advice our fi'iond gave us, and k-cojung our sense-; wide awake, wc gained some knowledge even driiing that journey. "We were now aj)proachIng the settlement - Wcatherford, it was called. It vras a lou.r v.av to the eastward of where we are now, with mim1ain beyond us, from which could be seen, near the l)anl': of a ri\er, thick volumes of smoke ascending, ^vhi]e brigld- llames k(:^[)t llicker- ma: no from below. "'The SL'tHemcnt has been sui'j'risrd by Indians!' he cxclaini'd, as soon as ho could find words to s]>eak. 'J know the bloodthirst}' nrdure of the savaci'cs, Tluv don't do ihini'S br h; l\es, or allow a single human being to cscajie, if they can help it. ]jads, you A\ill stick l)y me; though we can do nothing, .1 fear, but be revenged on the lledskins. 1 left m\' wife and children (hr.vji thore, and 1 know that 1 shall nevci' see them alive again. "lie spoke quite calmly, like a man who had made up his mind for the Avorst. '''Wc cannot, leave the \\'a.u':'on here, oi- the Indians will set' it,- if they have not done so already,— and know that v.-e are follo\\iivv them. Wc will take it O down to yondei' holloNv, and leave it and the oxen. I'here is j)asture enough f)r them, and they will not stray far. Then we will follov.' up the Indians' trail; and mayoe some of their braves won't get back to boast of their victorv, if you will oidv do as 1 tell you.' M 4* I IN THE VILLAGE. 17 if wliicli, 1 siylit of \;iV ^\itll iir fiieiifl •lictl level r dismay. M-ith dis- )iii wliicli k volumes pi llieker- IiKlians ! ' words to i-e of tlie ir-lvos, or iliey can ]\ we can led skins. 1 know lad made le Indians dy, — and lirtako it tli(^ oxen. y will not ians' trail; •t back to 1 tell you.' "Of course, we at once agreed to accompany Simon Yearsley — such was our friend's name — and follow his directions. Quickly turning the waggon round, we got it down to the spot he had indicated, where the oxen were unyoked, and left to crop the grass by the side of a stream flowing from the hill above. Then taking our rifles, with a supply of ammunition, and some food in our wallets, we again set off", Yearsley leading the way. " We next descended the hill, concealing ourselves as much as possible among the rocks and shrubs ^i until we gained the plain. Although Simon moved ■m at a rapid rate, there was nothing frantic in his gestures. He had made up his mind, should he find his loved ones destroyed, to follow the murderers with deadly vengeance, utterly regardless of the con- sequences to himself. As none of the intervening country had been cleared except a straight road through the forest, where the trees had been felled, and the stumps grubbed up here and there to allow of a waggon passing between the remainder, we were able to conceal ourselves until we got close to the settlement. "We now saw that, though the greater number were in flames, two or three huts on one side remained uninjured. Still, not a sound reached us, — neither the cries of the inhabitants nor the shouts of the savages. Nothing was heard save the sharp crackling of the flames. " * The Indians have retreated, and the settlers are following. We shall be in time to join them!' ex- (627) 2 18 THE MASSACRED SETTLERS. claimed Yearsley, dashing forward. * But we must first search for any who have survived.' His pre- vious calmness disappeared as he spoke, and he rushed, through the burning huts, towards one of the buildings. " Stephen and I were about to follow, when we heard a cry proceeding from one of the huts at hand, which, though the doorway was charred and the burning embers lay around it, had as yet escaped de- struction. Hurrying in, I stumbled over the corpse of a man. His rifle lay on the ground, while his hand grasped an axe, the blade covered with gore. I gazed on his face, and recognized, after a moment's scrutiny, my own brother-in-law. He had fallen while defending his hearth and home. Close to him lay a young boy, who, I guessed, was his eldest child, shot through the head. " My poor sister ! where could she be ? "Again a cry reached my ear. It came from an inner room. It was Martha, your mother, who had uttered the cry. She was stretched on the ground, holding you in her arms. Her neck was fearfully wounded, her life-blood ebbing fast away. " I endeavoured to stanch it, telling her meanwhile who I was. " * Stephen and I have come at your invitation,' I said. "'Heaven, rather, has sent you, to protect my Roger,' she faintly gasped out, trying to put you in my arms. ' His father and brother are dead ; I saw them fall. Hearing voices which I knew to be those of white A liHAVE ACT. 19 we must His pre- and he ne of the *vhen we at hand, and the aped de- le corpse vhile his ith gore, moment's ad fallen 3e to him lest child, from an who had ground, fearfully ean while tation,' I y Roger,' ny arms, lem fall. of white I men, I cried out, that they might come and protect him. Mark ! I am dying. You will ever be a father to him?' "Tlic blood continued to flow; and soon she breathed her last, her head resting on my arm. Your dress and little hands were stained with her blood ; but you were too young to understand clearly what had hap- pened, although, as I took 3''ou up to carry you from the hut, you cried out lustily to be taken back to your poor mother. " Thinking it possible that th . Indians miglit re- turn, I hurried out to look for Stephen, so that we might make our escape. I was resolved at all costs to save your life. I tried to comfort you, at the same time, by telling you that I was j^our uncle, and that your mother had wished me to take care of you. '•' Going on a little way, I found another hut, the door of which was open, and smoke coming out of it. The savages had thrown in their firebrands as they quitted the village, and the front part was already on fire. '' While I was shouting for Stephen he rushed out of the hut, with a blanket rolled up in his arms, the end thrown over his own head. " ' I have saved this child, and thank Heaven you are here to take her!' lie exclaimed, unfolding the blanket, and putting a little girl into my arms. ' I must try and preserve the mother ;' and again throw- ing the blanket over his head, he dashed in through the flames. " In another minute he reappeared, struggling 20 " MY LITTLE LILY." along under the heavy burden of a grown-up person wrapped in the bhinket. As he reached me he sank down, overcome by tlie smoke, and I noticed that his clothes and hair were singed. " On opening the blanket I saw a young woman, her dress partly burned. Slie too was wounded. The fresh air somewhat revived her ; and on opening her eyes and seeing the little girl, she stretched out her arms for her " * Lilias ! my little Lily ! she's saved,* she whis- pered, as she pressed her lips to the child's brow. * May Heaven reward you ! " It was the final effort of exhausted nature, and in a few minutes she breathed her last. " The flames, meantime, had gained the mastery over the building, and we saw that it was impossible to save it. " But it's time to turn in, Roger," said Uncle Mark. " I'll tell you more about the matter to-morrow." As Uncle Mark always meant what he said, I knew that there would be no use in trying to get him to go on then, eager as I was to hear more of w}iat had, as may be supposed, so deeply interested me. I accordingly turned into my bunk, and was soon asleep. I dreamed of shriekino: Indians and burninfj vil- lages ; and more than once I started up and listened to the strange unearthly sounds which came from the depths of the forest. These noises, I may here say, were caused by the wolves ; for the savage brutes occasionally came near A LOVE OF NATURAL HISTORY. SI ip person ! he sank I that his y woman, led. The ening her I out her ihe vvhis- i's brow. Lture, and mastery m possible cle Mark, ow." said, I D get him of w}iat d me. I )n asleep, ning vil- listened from the cl by the ime near I I I i the settlement, attracted by the sheep and cattle which the inhabitants had brought with them. A bright look-out being kept, however, it was .seldom that any of our stock was carried off. Bears also occasionally came into the neighbourhood; and we had already shot two, whose skins supplied us with winter coats. Our intention was to kill as many more as we could meet with, that their skins might serve us for other purposes — especially as coverlets for our beds. And, besides, their llesh was always a welcome addition to our larder. Next morning we went about our usual work. My uncle with his bright axe commenced felling the trees round our hut — working away from sunrise to sun- set, with only an hour's intermission for dinner. I aided him, as far as my strength would allow, for a certain number of hours daily. But my uncle encouraged me to follow the bent of my inclina- tion, which was to get away and observe the habits of the creatures dwelling in the surrounding forest. I had been a naturalist from my earliest days. The study had been my poor father's hobby — so my uncle told me — and I inherited his love for it. It had, moreover, been developed and encouraged by a visit we had received, some few years bacli, from a scien- tific gentleman, who had come over to America to make himself acquainted with the feathered tribes, the quadrupeds, and the reptiles of the New World. It had been my delight to accompany this gentle- man on his excursions while he was with us ; and I prized a couple of books he had left with me more 22 niRD-STUFFINO. than 1 should have done a lump of gold of the same weight. From him I learned to preserve and stuff the skins of the birds and animals I killed ; a know- ledge which I turned to proiitable account, by my uncle's advice — as they Avere sent, when opportunity occurred, to the Eastern States, where they found a ready market. " It pays very well in its way, Roger," observed Uncle Mark ; " but work is better. If you can com- bine the two, I have no objection ; but you are now too old to play, and, for your own sake, you should do your best to gain your own living. While you were young, I was ready to work for you ; and so I should be now, if you could not work for yourself I want you, however, to understand that it is far nobler for a man to labour for his daily bread, than to allow others to labour for him." I fully agreed with Uncle Mark. Indeed, my am- bition had long been to support mj'-self I had an idea, nevertheless, that the skins I preserved brought more immediate profit than did the result of his labours with the axe. But, everything considered, we got on very well together ; for I was grateful to him for the affection and care he had bestowed on me during my childhood. I was hard at work that day preparing a number of birds I had shot in the morning ; and when dinner- time came. Uncle Mark, telling me to continue my task, said he would get our meal ready. Having quickly prepared it, he brought out the platters, and set himself down near me. I washed my hands, and f he same nd stutt' I know- by my ^rtuiiity found a )bserved an com- ire now L should lile you md so I rself. I r nobler to allow my am- liad an brought of his sidered, teful to wed on number dinner- lue my Having irs, and ds, and ^■M^/ U^ ROGER AT WORK. THE NARRATIVE RESUMED. 85 speedily despatched my dinner; after which I re- turned to my work. " Will you go on with the account you w^cre giving me last night ? " I said, observing that he did not seem inclined to move. " You have more than half an hour to rest, and I will then come and help you." "Where was I? Oh! I remember," said my uncle, " In the middle of the burning settlement, with you and Lily in my arms. " We were wondering what had become of Yearslcy, when we caught sight of him rushing out fi-om amid the burning huts. " ' They are all killed !— all, all, all !' he shrieked out. 'Follow me, lads;* and he pointed with a significant gesture in the direction he supposed the Indians had taken. "'But these children, ^Ir. Yearsley! You would not have us desert them! And my brother is too nuich injured, I fear, to accompany you,' I observed. "He looked at the children for a moment. " ' You are right,' he ans^vercd. ' Stay by them ; or rather, make your way back eastward with them. Ignorant as you are of the habits of the savages, you could aid me but little. If I do not return, the waggon and its contents, with the team, will be yours.' "Before I had time to reply, or to ask him the name of the poor young woman who lay dead at my feet, he had dashed across the stream, and soon disappeared amid the forest beyond. He had doubt- less discovered the trail of the Indians, or of the band 26 A SOLEMN TASK. of settlers who had gone in pursuit of them ; althougli we at tliat time were quite unable to perceive what was visible to his more practised eye. " I told Stephen how I had discovered our sister's house; so we agreed to return to it, and to carry there the body of the poor young woman, that we might bury it with those of our own family. The hut was one of the very few which had escaped the flames, and we found some spades and a pickaxe witliin. Not knowing how soon we might be inter- rupted, we at once set to work and dug two graves under a maple-tree at the further end of the garden. One was large enough to hold our brother-in-law and sister, and their boy ; and in the other we placed the poor young lady — for a lady she a'ppeared to be, judging from her dress, her ear-rings and brooch, and a Yiw^x which she wore on her finofer. These trinkets we removed, in order to preserve them for her little daughter; as also a miniature which hung round her neck, — that of a handsome young man, who was doubtless her husband. Stephen told me that the cottage from which he had rescued her, as far as he had time to take notice, seemed to be neatly and tastefully furnished. "We concluded that her husband, if he had not been killed when the village Avas surprised, had followed the sav.ages along with the rest; and he would be able on his return to identify his child, while w^e should know him by his portrait. " Before beginning our sad occupation, we had got some water and washed the stains from your hands OUR RKTURN TO THE WAGGON'. 27 ilthoiigh ve what ' sister's to cany that we y. Tlie ped the pickaxe ►e inter- ) graves garden, law and Lced the to be, )ch, and :rinkets n- little md her ho was lat the far as ly and ad not d, had tnd he child, ad got liands 1 4 and clothes, and left you in a room [)laying with little Lily ; and on our return we gave you both some food which we found in the house. By this time, too, you seemed perfectly at home with us. "At first we thought of remaining in the house until Mr. Yearsley and the settlers whom we supposed had gone in pursuit of the savages should return ; but Stephen suggested that this might be dangerous, as we should not know what was happening outside. The Indians might come back and surprise us, when we should to a certaintv share the fote which had ft/ befallen so many others. We agreed, therefore, that our safest course would be to make our way back to the waggon, where we had abundance of provisions, and where we could find shelter for the children who had been committed to us, we felt sure, by Providence. "They were now our chief care. While I took charge of them, Stephen hurriedly examined the other huts which had escaped destruction; crying out in case any one should be concealed, in order to let them know that we were ready to help them. No answer came, however, and we were soon convinced that every person in the settlement, with the excep- tion of those who had gone in ])ursuit of the sa ages, had been slaughtered. '* As soon as we were satisfied as to this, we began our retreat, hoping to get back to the waggon before niirhtfall. Oar intention was to wait there for Mr. Yearsley, as we felt sure that, after he had punished the Indians, he would come and look for us where he had left the waggon. 28 ON THE WATCH. " The sun was setting as we reached the top of the ridge ; but we were too far off to distinguish any one moving in the settlement, although we made out tlie smouldering fire, from which thin wreaths of smoke alone ascended in the calm evening air. On reaching the waggon, we found the cattle grazing quietly beside it. Having removed some packages, among which was one of new blankets, we made up beds for the two children ; and after giving them some supper, we placed them, sleeping, side by side. "We agreed that one of us should watch while the other slept. We also resolved that, in the event of our being attacked by Indians, we should show them fight; for we had a good store of ammunition, and knew well how to handle our weapons. Although we hoped they would not come, yet we knew that they might possibly fall upon our trail and discover our whereabouts. Indeed, had we not thought it our duty to wait for Mr. Yearsley, we should have harnessed the cattle, and endeavoured to make our way down the mountain in the dark. " After we had put you and Lily to bed, and had refreshed ourselves with some supper, I climbed again to the top of the ridge; but I could see no object moving in the plain, nor could I hear the slightest sound to indicate the approach of any one. I therefore returned. " While Stephen lay down under the waggon, I kept watch, walking up and down with my rifie ready in my hand, and resting occasionally by leaning agamst the wheel of the waggon. After I had watched thus ; ~ I. JM^\: > i 'i jnin,0 f u^ ANOTHER VISIT TO THE SETTLEMENT. 29 )op of the I any one e out the of smoke reaching ly beside liich was the two pper, we vhile the event of ow them :>ion, and Llthouijh ew that discover >ught it Id have ike our -nd had I again object ightest erefore I kept ady in Lgamst d thus for about four hours, I called Stephen, who took my place. " I was again on foot by daybreak, and once more climbed to the top of the ridge to look out. But I had the same report as before to give. The fire had burned itself out, and I could see no one moving. We waited all that day — and might have waited for several more, until our cattle had eaten up the herbage — without being discovered; but Mr. Ycarsley did not appear, nor could we see any signs of the other settlers. " We did our best to amuse you and Lily. You asked frequently after your poor mother; and it went to my heart to tell you that you would never see her agam. " Stephen proposed that we should the next morning set out on our journey eastward ; but as I thought it possible that Mr. Yearsley would by that time have got back to the settlement, I undertook to go and search for him — or to try and find any of the other people, and learn what had become of him. Stephen agreed to this ; undertaking to look after the children and guard the waggon during my absence. " At daybreak I set out, keeping myself concealed, ;ts much as possible, behind bushes and trunks of trees, until I got back to the scene of tlie catastrophe. I listened ; but all was still as death. Excepting the two or chree huts around my brother-in-law's abode, the whole ground where the settlement had stood presented only black heaps of ashes, surrounded by [talings and trunks of trees charred by the flames. I 30 WATLFIELD. could see no one moving across the river, either; and the dreadful idea seized me that the settlers who had gone in pursuit of the foe had been cut off, and that Mr. Yearsley had in all likelihood shared the same fate. Had it not been for Steplien and the children, I would have watched all day, in the hope of our friend's return ; but I had promised not to be longer than I could help. "I again visited my poor brother-in-law's hut, and packed up such clothes as I saw belonging to you. I also brought away a few other articles, to remind us of your mother ; for I thought it probable that the settlement would be revisited by the savages, who would take good care to finish the Avork they had begun. I then set off on my return to the waggon, looking back every now and then, lest I might be followed by any of the foe. " On reaching the waggon, Stephen agreed with me that we might safely wait till the next morning. We did so; and poor Yearsley not then appearing, we proceeded with the waggon along the road we had taken in coming, until we reached Watfield, a large settlement which had then been established for three or four years. " The account we gave of what had happened caused the inhabitants considerable anxiety and alarm. The men at once flew to arms; stockades were put up; and hcntries were posted at all points, to watch for the possible approach of the Indians. " Stephen and I having now no wish to go further east, we determined to remain where we were. As UNCLE STEPHEN S MARRIAGE. 31 for the waggon and team, though we had no written document to show that Yearsley had given them to us, our statement was believed ; and it was agreed that we should be allowed to kee[) them, — especially as we consented to give them up should the original owner return. But nothing was ever heard of him, or of the other settlers who had gone in pursuit of the retreating foe ; and it was generally believed that the whole had been surrounded and murdered by the savages. "As we could not spare time to look after the children, one of us agreed to marry. Stephen there- fore fixed upon your Aunt Hannah, who was, he had discovered, likely to prove a good housewife, and was kind-hearted and gentle-mannei-ed. A true mother, too, she has ever proved to our Lily." Uncle Mark only spoke the truth when he praised Aunt Hannah; for she had been like an affectionate motlier to me, as well as to Lily, and much I owed her for the care she had bestowed upon me. I need not describe my own early days; indeed, several years passed without the occurrence of any incidents which would be especially interesting to others. Gradually the border-village grew into a town, although even then the country continued in almost its original wild state within a mile or two of us. Both Lily and I got a fair amount of schooling :^ and in the holidays I was able to indulge my taste, by rambling into the forest and increasing my know- ledge of the habits of its denizens. Occasionally I 32 ATTACKED BY A WOLF. got leave for Lily to accompany me, although Aunt Hannah did not much approve of her going so far from home. One day I had persuaded our aunt to let her accompany me — Lily herself was always ready to go — for the sake of collecting some bjuskets of berries. " I promise to come back with as many as I can carry, to fill your jam-pots," said I. There were whortle- berries, and thimble-berries, blue-berries, raspberries, and strawberries, and many others which, I reminded her, were now in season. "Tf we do not get them now, the time will pass. Lily's fingers, too, will pick them quicker than mine, so that we shall get double as many as I should get by myself," I observed. My arguments prevailed, and Lily and I set out, happy as the red-birds we raw flying in and out among the trees around us. We had nearly filled our baskets, and I was on my knees picking some strawberries which grew on the bank of a small stream running through an open part of the forest, when Lily, who was at a little distance from me, shrieked out. I was about to spring to my feet and hurry to her assistance — supposing that she had been frightened by some animal — when what was my horror to see, close to me, a huge wolf, with oj^en jaws, ready to seize me ! My stick, the only weapon I carried, lay just within my reach ; so I put out my hand and instinctively gi-asped it, determined to fight for my own life and Lily's too — knowing how, if the Tolf killed me, it would next attack her. I moved the creature snarled, but did not As AN UNWELCOME VISITOR. PRESERVED BY AN INDIAN. 35 advance any nearer. So, grasping the stick, I sprang to my feet and swung the weapon round with all my might, despair giving energy to my nniscles. The savage creature retreated a few paces, astonished at the unexpected blow, snarling, and eying me, as if about to make another attack. Again Lily shrieked. "Run, run!" I cried; "I will tackle the wolf." But she did not move ; indeed, she saw that the creature was more likely to come off victor than I was. I stood ready to receive the animal, doubtful whether I ought to make the attack ; Lily, in the meantime, continuing to cry aloud for help. The wolf at length seemed to get tired of waiting for his expected prey, and giving a fierce howl, he was on the point of springing at me, when a bullet fired by an unseen hand laid him dead at my feet. Lily sprang towards me, exclaiming, " You are safe ! you are safe, Roger!" and then burst into tears. She scarcely seemed to consider how I had been saved. All she saw was the dead wolf, and that I was un- hurt. On looking round, I observed an Lidian advancing towards us from amonijf the trees. " That must be the man who killed the wolf," I exclaimed. '* We must thank him, Lily." Lily had ever a great dread of Indians. " We must run! we must run, Roger!" she crird. "He may kill us as easily as he did the wolf, or carry us away prisoners." 36 FINDING A FRIEND. " We cannot escape liim, Lily ; and I do not think he will hurt uh," I answered in an encouratrinir tone. " T will go forward and thank hiui for saving my life. It will not do to show any fear ; and if he is disposed to be friendly, he would think it ungrateful if we were to run off without thanking him." I took Lily's hand as I spoke, and led her towards the Indian. He was dressed in skins, with an axf hanging from his belt, and had long black hair stream- inir over his shoulders, — unlike most of the Indians I had seen, who wear it tied up and ornamented with feathers. A small silver medal hung from his neck, and I guessed from this that he was a friend to the white men, and had received it as a token for some service he had rendered them. He made a friendly sign as he saw us approach, and put out his hand. " We come to thank you for killing the wolf that was about to spring upon me," I said in English, for though I knew a few words of the Indian tongue, I could not at that time speak it sufficiently well to express what I wished to say. " Kepenau is glad to have done j^ou a service," he answered in English. "I heard the young maiden cry out, and guessed that she would not do so with- out cause, so I hurried on to help you. But why are you so far from home ? It is dangerous for unarmed people to wander in this forest." " We came out to gather berries, and were about to return," said Lily. " You will not detain us ? " "Not if you wish to go," answered the Indian. THE KING OF THE FOREST. A I'UESENT OF VENISON. 39 " But coiiiu with mc, and you .sluill return with some- thing of more value than these berries." I felt sure that the Indian would not injure us, so Lily and J followed him, hand in hand. He moved throuf^h the forest faster than we could, nnd presently stopped near some rocks, amid which lay tlie body of a deer with huge antlers. Placing himself across tlie carcass of the animal, he exclaimed with a look of exultation, " See ! I have overcome the king of these forests. Once, thousands of these animals wandered here, but since the white man has come they have all disappeared ; and now that I have slain him, we must go likewise, and seek for fresh hunting-grounds. Still, Kepenau bears the White- skins no malice. He was ever their friend, and in- tends to remain so. You must take some of the meat and present it to your friends." Saying this, he commenced skinning the deer, in which operation I assisted him. He then cut off several slices, which he wrapped up in some large leaves and placed in my basket. "Take the venison to your mother, and say that Kepenau sends it," he observed. " He has no mother," said Lily. "Is he not your brother ? " asked the Indian. "No !" said Lily. "His mother was killed by the Redskins lonrj, lonjx ajjo." Lily at that time did not know that her own mother had been murdered when mine was. " You do not bear the red men any malice on that account, I trust?" said Kepenau, turning to me. 40 THE INDIAN S ADVICE. " The Great Spirit tells us to forgive our enemies ; and there are good and bad Indians." "You are a good Indian, I am sure," said Lily, looking up at him with more confidence in her manner than she had before shown. ** I wish to become so," he said, smiling. " I have learned to love the Great Spirit, and wish to obey him. But it is time for you to return home. Wait until I have secured the flesh of the deer, and then I will accompany you." Kepenau quickly cut up the animal, and fastened the more valuable portions to the bough of a tree — out of the reach of the wolves — by means of some lithe creepers which grew at hand; then loading himself with as much of the venison as he could conveniently :arry, he said, "We will move on." Having accompanied us to the edge of the forest, he bade us farewell. "Should there be more wolves in the forest, they will not follow you further than this," he said ; " but if they do, remember that it will be better to sacrifice some of the venison, than to allow them to overtake you. Throw them a small bit at a time ; and as in all likelihood they will stop to quarrel over it, you will thus have time to escape." I remembered the Indian's advice, although we did not need to practise it on this occasion. We reached home before dark, and greatly sur- prised Aunt Hannah with the present of venison. She had, she told us, been very anxious at our pro- longed absence. enemies ; dd Lily, in her " I have bey him. fc until I n I will fastened ['ee — out lie lithe himself eniently ^ forest, wolves er than it will than to a small 'ill stop scape." we did ly sur- enison. ur pro- CHAPTER II. OREENFORD SETTLEMENT — THE FLYING SQUIRRELS— MIKE LAFFAN AND TOM QUAMBO — THEIR DOGS, YELP AND SNAP — A KACCOON-UUNT — MIKE HAV- ING SEEN A BEAR, WE GO IN CHASE OUR DOGS SCENT BRUIN — QUAMBO IN DANGER — THE BEAR IS KILLED, AND QUAMBO RELEASED — WE RETURN TO THE HUT — THE LOGGING BEE — UNCLE STEPHEN'S HOUSE — INDIAN SUMMER — MIKE LAFFAN's CREMONA — THE NIGHT ATTACK OF THE WOLVES — WE DETERMINE TO GO LUMBERING FOR THE WINTER — MIKE AND I GO ON AHEAD — UNCLE MARK IS ATTACKED BY A WOLF —MIKE SAVES HIM, AND WE PROCEED ONWARDS. 'E had only lately, as I have already said, ^t arrived at our new location. My uncles had been imbued with the restless spirit of backwoodsmen, and Aunt Hannah was ready to do whatever Uncle Stephen washed. So, having grown weary of the life at Watfield, where we had at first been located, tliey had resolved, along with several other inhabit- ants of that place, to push westward ; and after mak- ing their w^ay through forests, rivers, and swamps, and over hills and plains, had formed the new settlement where Uncle Stephen now was, and which they had named Greenford. To the hut where Uncle Mark and I lived no name had been given ; but he expressed his belief tliat it would one day become the centre of a great city. " Before that day arrives, however, you and I, i 42 FLYING SQUIUKKLS. lloger, will have moved far away westward," he observed. I used to exercise diligence while I was at work, in order that I might have more time to attend to the study of natural history. My great delight was to get away into the forest and -;rve the habits of its various inhabitants. Often >uld I sit on the root of an old tree watching the playful squirrels at their gambols. When I spied a hole in which I knew that a family were likely to have taken up their abode, I would hide myself; and before long I was generally rewarded by seeing a " papa " squirrel pok- ing out his nose. Soon he would give an inaudible sniff, sniff, sniff, then out would come his head, and he would look round to ascertain whether danc^er was near. Presently I would catch sight of his thick furry body and lovely brush, the tail curling over his head. Then another nose would appear, and large shining eyes; and out another would pop; followed in rapid succession by the whole family. Then, how delightful it was to watch them frolicking about, darting round the trunks, sending the bark rattling down as they chased each other; whisking their tails ; dartin^j alouLj the bouirhs, and boundini^ fearlessly fi'om oranch to branch. One, reaching the end of a bough, would spread out its arms and tail, exhibiting the white fur beneath, and fly down to a lower branch, or to the earth below, followed by its companions ; then away they w^ould go along the logs or swinging vines, and up another trunk, quick as lightning. Sometimes I would catch them at ard," he at work, ttend to ight was e habits it on the irrels at I I knew up their g I was •rel pok- nandible cad, and ' dangrer of his curling ear, and Id pop; family. licking le bark hiskiiiLr )undinL!: iw^ the nd tail, vvn to a by its ng the , quick lem at 3 IN THE FOREST. r i: 11 t I HOW THEY CROSS A RIVER. 45 their supper, Tiibbling away at the nuts which they liad plucked, or had dug out of the ground with their sliarp little paws. A flying squirrel is indeed a beautiful creature. Its colour is a most delicate gray ; the fur thick and short, and as soft as velvet ; the eyes large and full. The membrane by which it is enabled to tiike its flights is of a soft texture, and white, like the fur of the chinchilla. The tail greatly resembles an elegantly-formed broad feather. One day, as I was wandering along the banks of a stream, for the purpose of observing the habits of a family of beavers that had lately made their abode there, I caught sight of a number of squirrels. They were evidently about some important operation, since they were moving steadily along the branches, and refraining from their usual frisking and playing. Hav- ing concealed myself from their view, in order that they might not be disturbed by my presence, I noticed that they went on until they reached the branch of a tree overhanging the stream, at the extreme end of which one, who appeared to be tlieir leader, took post, looking eagerly up the current. In a short time a small log floated near, with a tendency to move over to the opposite side. As it came beneath the leader of the party he dropped down upon it, .at the same time uttering a sharp cry. Quick as light- ning some others followed his example ; and by hold- ing on to the lower twigs they arrested its progress until the whole party were seated on board, when the log was allowed to float, as they sagaciously M 40 MY CHIEF COMPANION. knew it would, towards the opposite bank. It seemed to me as if some of them were steering it with their tails ; but of that I am not positive. In a short time, after floating some way down the stream it was guided to tlie shore ; when one after the other leaped off, and quickly running along the boughs of the trees, gained a point exactly opposite to ' hav rem which they had started ; after which they went away into the forest, — bent, I doubted not, on some predatory expedition. They would soon make their presence known, when they reached the pu.14 K*;. ;/i"ounds or maize-fields of the settlers. I was DO;, .vlr'ays alone in my rambles through the fo)''^st. Lily Wv.'^^' ' have been only too happy to accor.ipj /ly m bvi lut Hannah judged it jirudent to keep her at hoiiK ;, -tiid, indeed, she had plenty of occupation there. My chief companion, therefore, was one of Uncle Stephen's labourers — an Irishman, ^like Laffan by name. Although Mike had no great knowledge of natural history, he was as fond of searching for animals as I was, and consequently w^as always ready to ac- company me when he had the chance. He was an honest fellow ; a thorough Patlander in look, manners, language, and ideas. When he could, he used to press Tom Quambo, an old free negro, into the service ; and Quambo enjoyed the fun as much as Mike did. Each possessed a dog, of which they were very proud, ugly as the animals were to look at. " Den, you see, massa, if Yelp not 'ansome, he know eberyting," Quambo used to remark. " He braver dan bank. It teering it itive. In lown the one after along the V opposite ter whicli [ doubted ey "svould y reached settlers. roiitjfh the happy to it ])rudent plenty of therefore, Irishman, if natural Inimals as ly to ac- [e was an manners, to press ice ; and lid. Each |oud, ugly I he know aver dan SQUIRRELS CROSSING A STREAM. t V p tl RACCOOX-IIUNTINO. 49 painter [meaning the puma], and run like greased lightning." It was difficult to say whether Yelp or Mike's dog was the ugliest ; but both masters were equally proud of their canine friends, I too had a dog, which, if not a beauty, was certainly handsomer than either of his two ac- quaintances. He was clever enough in his way, but more useful in watching the hut than in hunting; indeed, when I went out by myself for the purpose of observing the habits of the denizens of the forest, I never took him, knowing that he would only interfere with their sports. On one occasion I had been over to see my Uncle Stephen, and as I was returning home Mike Laffan mot me. " Would you loike to be afther looking for a 'coon to-night, Masther Roger ? " he asked. " Quambo says lie can come ; and Yelp and Snap are moighty ager for the sport." I at once agreed to meet my two friends, accom- l)anied by my dog Pop. Accordingly, at the time appointed, the day's work being over, Mike and Quambo made their appearance at the hut ; while running at their heels were their two dogs, who were soon warmly greeted by Pop. Setting out, we took our way along the banks of the river, near which we fully expected to fall in with several raccoons. We had oui guns, and were provided with torches and the means of lighting them. We had not gone far before we heard voices, (027) 4 50 A COON TREED. and soon we were joined by three lads from the settlement, who had got notice of the ex])editi(m. As they had brought their dogs, we had a fidl pack of mongrels of high and low degree, but united by one feeling, — that of deadly enmity to raccoons. On we went, while the dogs, who had just then scented one of their foes, yelled in chorus. Over huge logs and rotten trunks, through the brush and dead trees and briers, we went at full speed ; and some- times wading across bogs, sometimes climbing up banks, and occasionally tumbling over on our noses, we continued to make our wny at the heels of the dogs, until old Quambo, wav'.ng his torch above his head, and suddenly stopping short, shouted out, " De 'coon's treed ! " He had made a mistake, however, for the dogs bayed loudly and continued their course. "Dat a mighty old 'coon," cried Quambo. "He know what he about." The raccoon, if it had got up the tree, had come down again, and was still ahead. Some of the party were almost in despair ; but I knew the habits of the creature too well not to feel sure that we should get it at last, so I encouraged my friends, while we dashed on as before. Yelp and Snap, having kept well ahead of the other dogs, were now heard baying under a big tree, and no doubt remained that the raccoon had taken refuge amid its branches. Our difficulty was to get it down. As the others hesitated to encounter the fierce little animal amid the boughs, Mike, for the Tom the :.i()n. As I pack of 1 Ity one list then vcr huge ind dead id somo- ibing up ur noses, Is of the bove liis out, " De the dogs »o. " He ad come le party ts of the ould get hile we of the )ig tree, d taken to get iter the for the A RACCOON-HUNT BY NIGHT. c (i b t d AMOUT TIIK ItACCOON. 53 lionour of "Old Ireland," otibred to make his way up. Without more ado, tiicii, he got on Quanibo s shoulders, sprang to a branch within his reach, and was soon lost to siifht among the I'oliage. " I see liim ! " he shouted at last ; and bits of l»ark, leaves, and rotten twigs came rattling down, while the loud whacks of his stick reached our ears. Presently there was a " flop ; " the raccoon had been compelled to evacuate its stronghold. The dogs once more gave chase; and I, torch in hand, followed them. In less than a nnnute I came up with the dogs, and found the creature at bay, its eyes flashing tire, while it bravely faced the pack, which, with gnashing growls and savage yells, were about to dash upon it, though each seemed unwilling to receive the first bite from its sharp teeth. But, hearing the voices of their masters, they gained courage, and in another instant had the poor jinimal s luggling vaiidy in their midst; while our blows came rattling down, to finish its sutierings, and prevent them tearing its skin to pieces. Such Wtas one of several raccoon-hunts in which I took part. The raccoon is about the size of a spaniel, and its colour is a blackish gray. Its tail is short and liusliy, and is marked with tive or six blackish rings on a gray ground. When the animal wjdks slowly, or sits, it plants the soles of its feet upon tin; ground; but when in a hurry it runs along on the tips of its toes. It hunts for its prey chieHy at night, when it devours any small animals it can catch. It has no 54 LOOKING FOR A BEAR. objection, however, to a vegetable diet ; and, indeed, its teeth show that it is capable of feeding on both descriptions of food. I once caught a young raccoon, which soon became domesticated — being quite as tame as a dog. It pos- sessed, however, a habit of which I could not cure it; that of seizing any fowls it set eyes on, and biting off their heads. It having treated two or three of Aunt Hannah's in this way, I was compelled to carry it into the forest and set it at liberty. It enjoyed its freedom but a short time, however, as it was soon afterwards hunted and killed by some of our boys. Having got so far from home, our party w^ere not inclined to return witiiout something in addition to the unfortunate animal m'c had slaughtered. Mike, too, announced to us that he had seen a brown bear at a spot a little further on ; so it was at once agreed that we should " knock up the quarters of Mr. Bruin." It was necessary to proceed with caution ; for though the "musquaw" or brown bear will seldom attack a human being unless first assaulted, our friend, if unceremoniously disturbed at night, would probably not be in a good humour. Our three well- trained dogs kept at our heels, but the other curs went yelping away through tlie forest; nor could their masters' voices succeed in calling them back. We feared, therefore, that they would rouse up the bear, and thus give it time to escape before we could reach its dwelling. " Faix, though, I am not sure that the noise outside won't make the old gentleman keep quiet in his den," BRUIN FOUND AT HOMB. 56 not cure it ; observed Mike. " He will be after saying to his wife, 'Sure, what would be the use, Molly, of turning out to go hunting thim noisy spalpeens of dogs ? I'll sit snug and quiet till they come to the door; and thin, sure, it will be toime enough to axe thim what they want.' " Mike's notion encouraged us to go on; and at length Pop, Snap, and Yelp gav(3 signs of uneasiness, and showed a decided inclination to rush forward. "Let dem go!" exclaimed Quambo. " Off with you ! " we cried at once ; and the dogs darted on, barking furiously, until they stopped before the decayed trunk of a huge tree, round which several smaller trees, once saplings, had grown up — a well- selected natural fortification. As the light of our torches fell on it, we fully expected to see Mr. Bruin stalk forth and inquire what we vvanteering off ir howls consider 11 ey lieard I retreated follow a n-ally try bred the were of )st, with and the ^ere all rhen the VISITED BY WOLVE& m AN EXPEDITION PROPOSED. 67 wind blew, we were in the habit of hewing in the forest with our coats off'; and even then we often found it hot work. Mike came back one day from the settlement — where he had been sent for a few stores and powder and shot — with the information that a party of lum- berers had commenced operations some miles up a river which ran into the great lake, and that the "boss" had sent a ganger to hire hands, more of whom were wanted. " A few dollains of ready cash would be very accept- able," observed Uncle Mark. " What say you, Roger? We'll start away, and spend a month or so with them. We can take Mike with us, while Quambo will look after the hut, the cattle, and pigs." I was ready, of course ; and so, as my uncle was a man of action, he determined to set off" the next morning. We were all good skatei-s ; and although, during the first part of our journey, we should be unable to make use of our skates, we settled to carry them with us. At daybreak, then, we were up, and having taken breakfast, were ready to start, — our provisions con- sisting of flour-cakes and cold pork, with a pot and annikins. Mike also carried his fiddle hung around Ids neck. " It will help to a;nuse the gossoons — and maybe put a few dollars in my pocket," he remarked with a wink. " Bedad ! I'll keep their feet going, when the wo V' is over for the day, and they are afther sharpp ig their axes." A GOOD HIGHWAY. We had but one gun with us, which Mike carried, as we wished to travel with as little encumbrance as possible. But just as we were starting off. Uncle Mark recollected that he had forgotten to write to Uncle Stephen upon a matter of importance. " You, Roger, and Mike, can go on ahead," he said, "while I finish my letter, which I will leave with Quambo to be forwarded; and I will soon overtake you." As there was now light enough for us to see our wiiy through the forest, we commenced our tramp. There was no risk of our taking the wrong road, seeing there was but one — along the course of the stream, which ran into the larger river ; and it was now frozen in such a manner as to afford us a good highway. Mike was always amusing, and I was glad of his company; besides wdiich, as we had had a good start of my uncle, I was in hopes that we might have time to get a shot at something. We had accomplished three or four miles, and I had begun to wonder why Uncle Mark had not over- taken us, a.** iie was a quick walker, and intended to carry only his axe, and a small skin bag over his shoulder containing some necessaries. We were looking about us, in the hope of catching sight of a raccoon or opossum, or some larger game, when a howl, such as had aroused us one night a short time before, sounded through the forest. " Sure, that comes from a pack of wolves," observed Mike. " But no! I belave one of the bniteo is capable AT BAY. 69 carried, ranee as e Mark o Uncle he said, ve with )vertake our way There ng there [1, which rozen in Mike )mpany; of my le to get and I ot over- nded to »ver his e were ht of a when a >rt time )scrved ipable of making that noise. We have heard the echoes among the trees. I hope that there are not many of them, as they might take it into their heads to attack us, and that would not be pleasant." We went on, however, troubling ourselves very little about the wolf, for I felt sure that there was only one, or a couple at the most. The stream, as we proceeded, became wider, running round tlie foot of some hills, with larches scattered on either side, their boughs bent down by the snow which had frozen hard on them. The sky had become cloudy by this time, too, and there was every appearance of SI fresh fall. " Surely Uncle Mark will be up with us soon, Mike !" I observed. But scarcely had I spoken when I heard my uncle shouting to us. He was in the middle of the frozen stream, and was hurrying towards us, axe in hand. He had good reason to keep it there, for just then we saw a huge wolf rush out from behind a clump of trees close at hand. He stopped to receive his assail- ant, which, probably well nigh famished, seemed bent on his destruction. Mike, without saying a word, had unslung the gun and dropped on his knee, for there was not a moment to be lost. In another instant the fierce wolf would have sprung at my uncle's throat, and might have t'lken his life; or, at all events, have severely injured him, and that befcTre we could get near enough to render him any assistance. It all depended on Mike's steady aim, therefore; and although I was ff 70 GOOD SERVICE. a good shot, still I was thankful that lie had the gun. He fired ; and the brute, the moment that it was making its spring, fell over, snarling and hissing, with its shoulder broken. A blow on the head from my uncle's axe finished its existence. " You have rendered me good service, Laffan," said my uncle, when we got up to him. " Had you not taken steady aim, that brute's fangs would have been at my throat in another moment." " Faix, thin, Mr. Mark, it is only what I would have wished to be done," answered Mike. " And if you ever catch sight of a bear about to give me a hug, or such a brute as this at my heels" — and he gave the dead wolf a kick — " you will be afther shoot- ing him, sure enough!" " Well, Mike, we shall then be quits. In the mean- time I am your debtor," answered my uncle, laughing. Notwithstanding the danger he had been in, he was quite unmoved. His cheek had not lost its ruddy glow, nor did a limb tremble. We quickly skinned the wolf, and hung the hide up to the branch of a tree a little way from the bank, where it would be concealed from any passers-by. We did not wish to encumber ourselves with it in the meantime, and we hoped to find it on our return. We were not likely to forget the spot, any more than those boys in the " old country " would do, who, as I have heard, are taken to certain landmarks and whipped, in order that they may afterwards beai them duly in mind. GLIDING ALONG. 71 We were thankful that the wolf whicli had attacked my uncle was alone, as it would have been unpleasant to find ourselves followed by a howling pack ; and we now regretted that we had not all of us brought our guns. Trudging on some miles further, we came upon a part of the river which had not been frozen over until after the snow fell. Here, the ice being clear, we put on our skates, and glided merrily along towards the spot where we understood the lumberers were at work. CHAPTER III. A. TERRiriC SNOWSTORM— KEPENAU'8 TIMKLV API'EARANCK — WK VIHIT KEPE- NAU'S CAMP — HIS M08PITALITT — AN INDIAN'S DREAD OF THE " FIRE water" — WE BID ADIEU TO OUR INDIAN FRIENDS— OUR ARRIVAL AT THE LOOOINO ENCAMPMENT — JACQUES MICHAVD TAKES A FANCY TO MIKE — JACQUE'S RAFT STORY — MY UNCLE AND I START ON OUR RETURN — WE ARE ATTACKED BY A FIERCE PACK OF WOLVE«, AND AUE SAVED BY KBPENAU AND HIS MEN — MIKE LAFFAN IN A DIFFICULTY — WE REHOUK HIM — ASHATEA, KEPENAU's DAUOHTER— MY VISIT TO LILY — MR. AND MRS. CLAXTON — DORA AND REUBEN — REUBEN VISITS OUR HUT— THE MARTEN AND PORCUPINE — AN OPOHSUM-HUNT. [HE snow had for some time been falling lightly, but the wind which had arisen blew it off the ice, and thus it did not impede our progress ; but that same wind, which was now by a turn of the river brought directly ahead of us, soon increased in strength, and drove the particles of snow, sharp as needles, into our faces. Indeed, the cold every instant became more intense, while the snow fell more thickly. " Faix, and it's moighty loike a shower of pen- knives, mixed with needles and pins!" cried Mike. " It's a hard matther to keep the eyes open. What will we be afther doing. Mr. Mark, if it gets worse ? " "We'll go on till it does get worse," said Uncle Mark. " It would not do to turn back now." A TERRIFIC SNOWSTORM. 73 Mike said no more, but, bending down liis head, worked away manfully with might and main. I did my best to keep up, but I may say that seldom have I endured such suffering. At last 1 felt that I could stand it no longer ; so I proposed to my uncle that we should make for the shore, and there build a Imt, light a tire, and wait till the storm was over. He was, however, bent upon going on. " We should be half-frozen before we could get up a wig- wam," he answered. Just then I heard a voice hailing us in gruff tones, and I guessed it was that of an Indian; but we had no reason to dread the Indians of these parts. As we looked about to see from whence it proceeded, I caught sight of the tops of two or three wigwams just peeping out from a cedar-bush at a little distance from the shore. "Friends, come here!" exclaimed some one, and we observed an Indian making towards us ; whereupon v/e turned round and skated up to him. " Ah, friends ! I know you," he said. " You cannot face the storm, which will soon blow stronger still. Come to my wigwam, where you shall have shelter till it has passed by." As he spoke I recognized my old friend Kcpenau, wliom I had not seen since we had come to our present location. I had so grown, too, that he did not at first recognize me. Having taken off our skates, we followed him to his camp, where he introduced us to several other 74 KEPENAU S WIGWAM. among whom were a Indians and their squaws, number of children of all ages. The thick cedar-bushes sheltered the spot com- pletely from the wind, and the fire which burned in the centre afforded us a welcome warmth; for, in spite of the exercise w^e had gone through, our blood was chilled by the piercing snowstorm. The Indians were dressed partly in skins, and partly in garments made of blankets, received from the white men; most of the squaws w^ore a large blanket over their heads, forming a cloak in which they were shrouded. The wigwams were constructed of long thin poles, fastened at the top, and spread out in a conical form, the whole being covered thickly with slabs of birch-bark. Our red-skinned hosts put us at once at our ease ; and I asked Kepenau how he came to be in that part of the country. " The white men compelled us to move westward," he answered. " They have planted on our lands, and shot the game on which we subsisted ; and though I should have been content to remain among them and adopt their customs, yet my people wished to live as our fathers have lived ; and I would not desert them. My desire is to instruct them in the truths I have myself learned; and it is only by dwelling with them, and showing them that I love them, that I can hope to do that." We had much interesting conversation with Kepe- nau, and I was surprised at the amount of informa- tion on religious subjects which he possessed; indeed, I confess that he put us all to shame. COMFORTABLE QUAKTEKS. 75 m were a Uncle Mark looked grave, and sighed. " I used once to read my Bible, and listen gladly to God's Word read and preached, when I lived with my good fiitherand mother in the 'old country,' though I have sadly neglected it since I came out here," he said; " but I will do so no longer. You have reminded me of my duty, friend Kepenau." •' What you say makes me glad. Keep to your resolve, for you cannot do God's will without read- ing his Word, to know what that will is," remarked Kepenau. Our host gave up one of the wigwams for our special use, in the centre of which a fire burned, prevented from spreading by a circle of stones. The ground around the sides was covered with thick rushes which served as our beds, and we lay with our feet towards the fire. Severe as was the cold outside, and thin as appeared the walls, the heat from the fire kept us thorouglily wann ; and I never slept more soundly in my life, for, although our hosts were Redskins, w^e felt as secure as in our own hut. Notwithstanding that the storm raged without, the wigwams were so well protected by the cedar-bushes that the fierce wind failed to reach us. In the morning, when we came out of our wig- wam we found that the squaws had prepared break- fast; which consisted of dried venison, cakes made from Indian corn, and fish which had been caught before the frost set in, and had remained hard-frozen ever since. "You can now continue your journey, for the t. 76 A FEAR OF " FIRE WATER." II storm lias ceased ; and may tlie Great Spirit protect you!" observed Kepenau, looking up at the sky, across which the clouds were now scarcely moving. Uncle Mark inquired why he did not bi'ing his camp nearer the settlement. " I will tell you," answered Kepenau. " Though I have been ever friendly with the white men, and value tlie advantages to be obtained from them, there is one thing for which I fear them, — their accursed 'fire water.' Already it has slain thousands of my people, or reduced them to a state lower than the brutes which perish; and I know not whether my young men would resist the temptation were it placed in their way." "But all the white men do not sell the 'fire water* of which you speak," observed Uncle Mark. " I have none in my hut." "But while one among you possesses the poison, and is ready to barter it with my people, the harm may be done," answered Kepenau. " Until I am sure that none of the 'fire water* exists in your settlement, I will not allow my people to come near it.'* "I am afraid, then, that you will fail to civilize them, as you desire," observed Uncle Mark. " Do you call it civilizing them, to teach them the vices of the white men?'* exclaimed the Indian in a tone of scorn. " If so, then I would rather that they remained savages, as you call them, than obtain knowledge at such a price." "I believe that you are right," answered Uncle THE LUMBERERS CAMP. 77 ►me near Mark, as we bade our host and his family good-bye ; "and I have learned more than one lesson from you. " Kepenau accompanied us to the bank of the river ; where we put on our skates, and continued our course without interruption till we caught sight of several thin wreaths of smoke above the tops of the trees. " Sure, that smoke must come from the lumberers' fires," observed Mike. "Such is probably the case; but it is just possible that it may proceed from a camp of Indians, who n>'^ht not be so friendly as those we left this morning," said my uncle. Still we were not to be stopped, and on we skated. Even should we meet enemies, we had not much cause to 'ear them, \mless they possessed firearms. On we went, I say, gliding along at the rate of ten or twelve miles an hour ; and as I had never before had an opportunity of performing so great a distance, I enjoyed it amazingly. As we advanced we caufdit sight of numerous logs of timber hauled out into the middle of the stream. Shortly afterwards the sound of voices reached our ears, an we saw a number of men scattered about — some engaged, with gleaming axes, in felling trees ; others with horses dragging the trunks, placed on sleighs, over the hard snow on to the ice. They were there arranged alongside each other, and bound together so as to form numerous small rafts. Here they would remain until the giving way of the frost ; wdien, on the disappearance of the ice, they would be floated down towards the mouth of tlie river, and 78 MODE or TRANSPORTING LOOS. towed across the lake to the various saw-mills on its banks. We were glal to be welcomed by the "boss;" who at once engaged Uncle Mark and Mike to hew, while I was to undertake the less onerous task of driving a team. The shores of the river had been already pretty well cleared of large timljer, so that I had to bring the trunks from some distance. Uncle Mark and Lafian soon showed that they were well practised axemen. Our companions were to spend some months en- gaged in the occupation I have described ; till the return of spring, in fact, when, the rafts being put together, they would descend the river till rapids or cataracts were reached. The rafts would then be separated, and each log of timber, or two or three to- gether at most, would be allowed to make their way as they best coidd down the fall, till they reached calm water at the foot of it; when they would be again put together, and navigated by tlie raftsmen guiding them with long poles. In some places, where rough rocks exist in the rapids by which the timber might be injured, slides had been formed. These slides are channels, or rather canals, as they are open at the top; and are constructed of thick boards — just as nmch water being allowed to rush down them as will drive on the logs. Some of these slides are two hundred feet long; othei*s reach even to the length of seven hundred feet. The timbers are placed on mills on its boss ; " wlio hew, while of driving a ;ady pretty id to bring th.at thoy months en- ed ; till the i being put 11 rapids or id then be or three to- their way ey reached would be e raftsmen ficcs, where the timber ed. These y are open >ards — just n them as [3S are two he length placed on n jtjlri^i TIIK UrMBRnERS SII VXTY. 81 cribs, — which nre frainos to Ht tl»e slides, — then, with !i couple of men on them to guide their courst*, when they get through they shoot away at a furious rate down the inclined plane, and without the slightest risk of injury. When evening aj)proached we all assembled in a huge shanty, which had been built under the shelter of the thick bush. Round it were arranged rows of hunks, with the cooking-stove in the centre, which was kept burning at all houi*s, and served thoroughly' to warm our abode. On each side of the stove were tables, with benches round them. Here we took our meals ; which, although sufficient, were not too deli- cate, — salt pork being the chief dish. Rough as were the men, too, they were tolerably well-behaved ; but quarrels occasionally took place, as might have been expected among such a motley crowd. On the first evening of our arrival Mike's fiddle attracted univers.al attention, and he wa.s, of course, asked to play a tune. "Why thin, sure, I will play one with all the pleasure in life," he answered. " And, sure, some of you gintlemen will be afther loiking to take a dance;" and without moi*e ado he seated himself on the top of a bench at the further end of the shanty, and began to scrape away wi^h might and main, nodding his head and kicking his heels to keep time. The effect was electrical. The tables were quickly removed to the sides of the slianty; and every man, from the " boss " downwards, began shuffling away, circling (627) C m 83 THE GOOD-NATURED LUMBERER. round his neiglibour, leaping from the ground, and shrieking at the top of his voice. When Mike's fiddle was not going, our lumbering companions were wont to spin long yarns, as we sat at the supper- tjible. Several of them had worked up tlie northern rivers of Canada, where the winter lasts much longer than it docs in tlic district I am describ- ing ; and among these was a fine old French Canadian, Jacques Mic^Iiaud by name, who had come south with a party, tempted by the prospect of obtaining a pocket- ful of dollars. He stood six feet two inches in his stockings ; and his strength was in proportion to his size. At the same time, he was one of the most good- natured and kind-ljcarted men I ever met. Atiiong our party were several rough characters; and it happened that one evening two of them fell out. Tljcy were about to dmw tlieir knives, when Jacques neized each of them in l»is vice-like grasp, and, holding them at arm's-length, gmdually lifted them off the gi'ound. Tliere he kept chem ; mildly expostulating, — now smiling at one, and now at the other, — till they had consented to settle their dispute amicably ; lie then set them on their legs again, and made them shake hands. This man t(X)k a great fancy to Mike. "Ah, I do wish all your countrymen were like you," he ob- served, smiling benignantly on him; "but they are generally very diff*erent, especially when they get the grog on boaixl : then they often lose their lives, — and all their own fault, too. " I had come down the Ottawa with several rafts. A FEARFUL ACCIDENT. 83 some two hundred miles or more. My own raft was manned by Canadians, — steady boys, who stuck to our laws, whatever they do to those of other people, and kept sober till they brought their raft safe into (lock. Another raft was manned chiefly by Irishmen, — who, although I warned thera, would indulge in strong drink. We were nearing the Chaudifere Falls, and I had brought my raft safe to shore, where it was taken to pieces, so that the logs might be sent do\vTi the slide. I had gone on to a point where I could watcii this being done, when I heard loud cries; and on looking up the river I saw that part of another raft, with four men on it, had got adrift, and, to my horror, was hurrying towards the most dan- gerous part of the rapids. I saw at once that in a few moments it must be dashed to pieces, and, as I thought, the fate of the four unfortunates on it was surely sealed. "On it hurried, whirling round and round amid the foaming waters. The next instant dashing a^.ainst the rocks, it separated into as many fragments as there were timl^crs, each of which was whirled down towards the fjills. Three of the poor wretches soon di.snjjpeared among the tossing waves; but the fourth chiiig to the end of a piece of timber with the grasp of despair — to that end which reached nearly to the edge of the cataract. A fearful position ! Still, the Irishman held on. I was almost sure that the next moment would be his last; but just then the cun*ent turned the log, so that the opposite end pointed to the fjdl. On it went, with even greater rapidity 84 A PROVIDENTIAL ESCAPE. tlian at first; then balancing for an instant on the brink, the end to which lie held was lifted up high in the air, ana he was sent from it as from a catapult, far out into the calm water below the caldron ! I never expected again to see him, but he rose unin- jured to the surface; and being a good swimmer, struck out boldly till he was picked up by one of several canoes which put off instantly to his assist- ance. Tim Nolan, I have a notion, was the first man who ever came over those terrific falls and lived; and I would not advise any of you young fellows to try the experiment, for, in my opinion, he is the last who will ever do so and escape destruction." Such was one of the many anecdotes I heard from the lips of old Jacques and our other associates. I was not sorry when, after some weeks, Uncle Mark told me that he had made up his mind to return home. Mike had agreed to finish a job ,vhich would occupy him a day or so longer ; but as Uncle Mark was anxious to be off, it was settled that he and I should start together, leaving the rifle with Mike, as he would have to come on alone. We believed that no animals were likely at ■ at season to attack two people ; besides, Uncle Mark had ])urrhased a pair of pistols from Jacrpies Michaud, wliicli he consideivd would be sufHcient for our defence. Accordingly, pocketing our dollars and sling- ing our wolf-skin knapsacks over our backs, we put on our skates and commenced our journey. We got on famously, for the air was calm, although UOMEWAUD BOUND. 85 the cold was intense. We found our friend Kepenau, too, encamped where we Iiad left him ; and stopping for a short time, we took our mid-day meal with him. As we had made such good progress during tlie morning, we hoped to reach the hut before mid- night, for the moon was up, and we could not miss our way. Uncle Mark was in good spirits, well satisfied with the result of our expedition, and we laughed and chatted as we glided over the smooth ice. " We must not forget our wolf-skin," I observed. " We shall get up to the spot before daylight is over, and I would rather carry it on my back than leave it behind." " I shall not let you do that," answered my uncle. " It will weigh less on my shoulders than on yours." We were approaching a part of the river where, the ice having formed before the snow fell, we should be compelled to tjike off our skates and travel on foot. I had just remarked that I supposed the wolves had gone off to some other district, where game was more abundant than with us, when a howl reached our ears, coming down the stream, from the very direction in wiiich we were going. Another and another followed. Presently we heard tlie full chorus of a wh()le pack, and soon we caught sight of numerous dark spots on the white snow in the distiince. Uncle Mark watched tlumi for an instant or two. " We must beat a retreat, Roger, or the brutes will l)e iijjon us. We cannot hope to tight our way through them. Off we go ! " and turning round, we skated 86 PURSUED BY WOLVES. away for deai* life in the direction from whence we had come. We hoped soon to distiince the savage creatures ; in which case, losing sight and scent of us, they might turn off into the forest and leave tlie road clear. As we went on, however, we heard their cries becoming more and more distinct; and casting a glance over our shoulders, we saw, to our horror, that they had already gained considerably on us; for with their light bodies they ran very quickly over the Imrd-frozen snow. Forward we dashed, faster than I had ever skated before; but nearer and nearer grew those terrible sounds. When once, however, the wolves reached the smooth ice, they were no longer able to run so fast as before ; still, they gradually gained on us, and we felt sure that ere long they must be at our heels, as they were not now likely to give up the chase. " Never give up while life remains ! Keep on, keep on, Roger ! " cried Uncle Mark. " My pistols will do for two of their leaders ; our sticks must knock over some of ihe others ; and we must ho})e that the rest of the pack will stop to devour their carcasses." It might liave been a quarter of an hour after this, although the time appeared longer, when, looking round, I saw a dozen wolves a( Iwist w ithin twenty yards of us. "We must try a dodge I have heard of," said Uncle Mark. " When they get near u> we must wheel rapidly round, and as tliey cannot turn on the ice so fast as we can, we shall gain on them." whence we Hrst / ""v-l r'^ f.o-^ ?7 A DESPERATE i'tNCOUMTER. 87 We waited until tlie wolves were almost up to us, then we followed the proposed plan. The brutes, after rushing on a short disUince, tried to turn also. In doing so, those behind tumbled over their leaders, and we skated on as before. We did this several times, until the cunning wolves, {perceiving our object, instead of turning kept straight forward. Uncle Mark now drew one of his pistols, and as he skated round shot the leading wolf It rolled over dead. The next he treated in the same manner. We then brought our sticks down on the heads of several others. As we had expected, their foUowers instantly began tearing away at the dead bodies, and this enabled us to get some distance ahead of them. I was in hopes that they would be content with this feast, and allow us to proceed unmolested ; but before long our ears were again saluted with their abomin- able howls, and we saw the survivors of the pack coming along in full chjise. As we skated on Uncle Mark deliberately reloaded luj pistols, observing, " We shall have to play the sjiine game over again, and I hope we shall play it jus well." The wolves, however, seemed resolved not to let us escape. They nearly overtook us; nnd though we turned, skating away now to the right and now to the left bank of the river, they declined imitating our example. "Our best chance is to keep str.iight on," sjiid Uncle Mark. "Don't give in, whatever you do. 88 RESCUKI) BY OUIt INDIAN FKIENDS. Our legs are as strong as theirs, and they will begin to get tired at last," I was not so sure of that till, looking back for a moment, I saw that the pack was drawn out into a long line, showing that some, at all events — probably the younger animals — were losing wind. If, however, only one brute had succeeded in catching hold of our legs, it would have been all up with us. Fearfully depressing indeed were their howls; as they sounded close behind us, they almost took the life out of me. Two of the largest of the brutes were not five yards from us, and I was already beginning to feel as if their sharp fangs w^ere fixed in the calves of my legs, when I saw several figures in the distiince, and faint shouts were borne on the breeze towards us. " Courage, Roger ! courage I " cried Uncle Mark. '* Put forth all your strength, and we shall be saved. Those are friends." As we moved on we perceived Kepenau and a num V of Indians rushing towards us, fiourish- ing st 'k.s, and shoutinJ »> o 7 /A Hiotographic Sciences Corporation ^ iV « ^\ % V %^y^ o^ 23 WEST MAIN STREET WEBSTER, NY. 14580 (716) 872-4503 .^'^^'. L I 94 CHARMING THE WOLVES. ing would lead us to the ruins of an old fort, erected by the early French settlers, and that he had little doubt our friend had found his way to it for refuge from the wolves ; but they had followed him, and were certainly not far off. We hurried on, and as the sounds of the fiddle became more distinct, the full moon rose from behind a dark mass which pro^'ed to be a ruined wall of the building; and immediately afterwards, directly in front of us, we discovered Mike LafFan seated on one of the time-worn and rickety beams which had once formed part of the fort. There he was, bow in hand, fiddling with might and main ; while below him were a whole pack of wolves, their mouths open, singing an inharmonious chorus to his music. So entranced were they, that the . brutes actually did not discover us; nor, so far as we could see, were they making any attempt to reach Mike. At a sign from Kepenau we stopped ; but Mike, though he had perceived us, went on fiddling. Pres- ently he changed the tune to one of extraordinary rapidity: this evidently astonished his vulpine audience, which began to leap about. Suddenly he exclaimed, " Now ! shout, friends, shout ! and we shall put the spalpeens of wolves to flight." As we raised our voices he made his instrument produce the most fearful shrieks and cries, while he uttered at the same time a true Irish howl. Mike's plan had the desired effect. The wolves, bewildered by the strange sounds, were seized with terror, and off they scampered like a pack of curs, iii CHARMINQ THE WOLVE& H i .-J i m j 1 ■ I PUT TO FLIGHT. 97 howling and biting at each other as they rushed along towards the forest, in which they soon disappeared. Mike on this jumped down from his perch, laugh- ing heartily, and thanked us all for having come to his assistance. Of course, our opportune appearance had very much astonished him ; but we soon explained matters, and expressed our hope that he was none the worse for his adventure. "Sorra a bit," he answered, "except that I am mighty cowld, sitting up there among the snow for so long ; but I'll soon be afther warming my limbs." Saying this he set off with us, and at a rapid rate we retraced our steps to the Indian camp. We were all glad enough to turn in ; and next morning our friends, after examining the country around, assured us that the wolves were not likely to follow our footsteps. My uncle had taken a great liking to Kepenau, and invited him to come and pitch his camp near us; promising to supply him with powder and shot, and also to assist him in trading with the white men so that no risk. might be run of whisky being given in exchange for game and furs. Kepenau said he would think about the matter. One of the young squaws who happened to be pre- sent was his daughter. On hearing of the invitation, she begged her father to accept it. She was far superior to the other Indian women in appearance; and although not so old as Lily, she was taller than any of them. Her complexion was of the lightest olive, through which rich colour could be seen on her (627) 7 98 THE chief's daughter. cheeks. She was, indeed, fairer than many Euro- peans. Her figure was extremely graceful, too. I did not, however, observe this when I first saw her, for she was then dressed in her thick blanket robe. Her name was Ashatea, or " White Poplar ; " a very suitable name, as I thought. She had seen Lily, I found, two or three times, before they had moved westward ; and she longed, she told me, to meet her again, and begged that I would tell Lily so when I returned home. It was this that made her so anxious that her father and his tribe should come and camp near us. Before we started, Kepenau had almost promised to come, though he would not bind himself to do so. "Circumstances might change," he observed. "He was well located where his camp was pitched, and it was trying work to change quarters at that season of the year." Ashatea accompanied us, with her people, down to the ice. " Do not forget," she said, " my message to your sister Lily." "You may trust me," I ans\^ered, making her a bow — for I felt that she was a lady, although an Indian squaw ; then off we set, hoping this time to reach home before nightfall. Having completely recovered from our fatigue, we got on famously. Mike did not forget to secure the wolf-skin ; and just as the sun sank behind the trees, we were saluted by the sharp, joyous barking of Snap, Yelp, and Pop, and by the gruffer tones of Quambo, who rushed out of the hut to welcome us home. A VISIT TO MY RELATIONS. 99 y Euro- o. I did her, for :et robe. " a very i Lily, I d moved oaeet her > when I 3 anxious md camp promised to do so. ed. " He )d, and it season of down to essage to ng her a iough an time to )mpletely 'amously. and just luted by ,nd Pop, o rushed We had plenty of work to do after we returned home, but I managed to make a run over to the settle- ment to pay a visit to my uncle and aunt and Lily. I did not fail to give her Ashatea's message ; and she was much pleased to hear of her. "I do hope they will come into our neighbourhood; 1 should be so glad to see her again," said Lily. " Ashatea promised to take me out in her canoe ; for, you know, she is as expert as any of the men in paddling one. She wished to show me how the Indians catch fish. And then she said that when the rice was ripe we should go to the rice-lake to collect it. I hope that Aunt Hannah won't object. It would be very interesting ; and there could be no possible danger, as all the Indians in this part of the country are friendly. But, to tell you the truth, Roger, I am quite jealous of you, as you are now able to go out into the forest by yourself, and meet with all sorts of adventures; whilst I, alas! am compelled to stay at home, with no other amusement than occasionally a 'sewing' or an 'apple bee.'" I, of course, sympathized with Lily, and said that I wished Aunt Hannah would let her come out with me, and that I should take ver}'^ great care of her. " I am afraid that she thinks we are now too old to run about together as we used to do, when you were a boy and I was a girl," she answered. " I wish, then, that we were young again ! " I ex- claimed ; " although I should not then be able to take as much care of you as I can now. I would sooner die, Lily, than allow any liarm to happen to you." um St* Si .>> 100 A NIGHT-WALK THROUGH THE FOREST. ) I " That I am sure you would, Roger," she said ; " and I should not be afraid to trust myself with you anywhere." We were not very old even then, I should remasji; but I was feeling myself a man, and was ready to do all sorts of manly things. " By-the by," observed Lily, " we have become in- timate with a famil}'^ among the settlers who arrived la^st fall, — Mr. and Mrs. Claxton, and Dora their daughter, a very nice girl of my age, and a great friend of mine. Dora has a brother called Reuben, and I think you will like him. Although he is younger than you are, he seems to be a fine fellow, and lias your taste for natural history and sporting." "I shall be very glad to meet with him; but I have not time to look him up now, as I must get back to the hut. But you may tell him about me ; and say that, if he will come over, I shall be happy to take him out into the forest, where we can have a hunt together." Although I had said that I must go immediately, I lingered for some time with Lily, for I never was in a hurry to leave her. It was consequently quite dark before I got half-way to the hut ; still, I knew the path — indeed, there was only one. The snow, however, thickly covered the ground, and I had to guide myself by feeling the scores on the trunks of the trees. Had every tree been thus marked, there would have been no gi-eat difficulty ; but, of course, they were scored only at intervals, and sometimes I was uncertain whether I had not somehow got out of m'' c; ii.^ e said ; ith you reina|)i ; ly to do jome in- I arrived ra their a great Reuben, rh he is e fellow, sorting." it I have i back to and say r to take } a hunt iiately, I Br was in ]y quite I knew le snow, had to trunks of ed, there of course, letimes I ot out of A NEW^ FRIEND. »<» ' the direct line. I knew that, did I once go wrong, it would be a hard matter, if not impossible, to find my way back again. There might be wolves prowl- ing about, too; or I might by chance find myself in the grasp of a hungiy bear, bent on a visit to the hog- pens in the settlement. Intending to return early, I had left without my gun — an act of folly I resolved not to repeat. Should I lose myself, I should have no means of making a signal, and I might very possibly be frozen to death before the morning. I had. gone some distance without finding a score, and I began to fear that I really had lost myself; but it would not do to stand still, so I walked on ; and greatly to my relief, as I touched tree after tree, I at length felt a scored one, and knew that I was in the right direction. Presently a light appeared ahead. I ran towards it, shouting at the top of my voice. A welcome halloo came from Mike, who was standing, with a pine torch in his hand, at the door of the hut. Two days after this, a tall lad, of fair complexion, made his appearance at the hut, gun in hand, and introduced himself as Reuben Claxton. "Miss Lily, who is a great friend of my sister Dora, told me that you would be glad to see me ; and so I have come, and I should much like to have a hunt with you in the forest," he said itbrupUy. It was his way, I found. He always went directly to the point, whether in talking or in doing anything; and I liked him the better for that. Uncle Mark invited him to stay with us. 102 A CURIOUS CONTEST. "I said that I would if you asked me, so they will not be expecting me at home again," he answered. In ten minutes we were on as friendly terms as if we had known each other all our lives. Next day we started with our guns, accompanied by Mike and Quambo, and our three dogs. The sky was bright, the air calm, and, except for the snow and the leafless trees, we might have supposed ourselves to have been in the middle of summer. "We had not gone far when we caught sight of an animal making its way along the trunk of a fallen tree. I soon recognized it to be a marten, and was just going to fire, when I perceived another creature coming out of a hole hard by. The former animal was evidently bent on attacking the latter. The marten immediately stopped, and carefully eyed the hermit, the character of which I could not at first make out on account of the distance it was from us. Quambo would probably have known, but he and Mike were some way behind us. Of the marten I had no doubt ; I recognized it by its agile and grace- ful movements, by its length, which was about a foot and a half, with a bushy tail somewhat imder a foot long, and by its dark tawny coat and white throat, its pointed muzzle, and bright and lively eyes. We stopped to watch what would take place, keeping back the dogs, which were about to rush forward and seize the animals. The marten soon made up its mind to assault its opponent, which, instead of retreating into its hole, came boldly forward and ascended the fallen trunk. 1 I bliey will vered. srms as if :t day we like .and LS bright, le leafless lave been orbt of an f a fallen , and was r creature er anini.al ,er. The eyed the )t dX first s from us. t he and marten I ind grace- j about a it under a iiid white nd lively ake place, ,t to rush issault its ) its hole, en trunk. i 'A FIQHT BETWEEN A MARTEN AND A PORCUPINE 1 t f DOTH COMBATANTS KILLED. 105 I at once saw tliat it was an "urson," or porcupine; although my companion sup))osed it to be anotlier animal, as he could not see the long quills with which the English porcupine is armed. This creature was fully two feet long. Its back was covered with thick hair of a dusky brown colour; its head w^is short, and its nose blunt; it had small round ears, very powerful teeth, short limbs, and feet armed with strong crooked claws. These particulars I was after- wards able to exhibit to him. The porcupine stood eying its opponent for nearly a minute ; then the marten began the attack by showing its teeth, erecting its hairs, and springing forward with graceful bounds. At the same time the porcupine, erecting an armour of quills, which had till then been concealed under its thick hair, ai)peared all at once to become twice its former size. The marten had too much impetus to stop its attempt to seize the porcupine by the snout; but the latter, suddenly whisking round, dealt the marten a tremen- dous blow with its tail, filling its body with short darts, and sending it off the trunk sprawling among the snow. The marten was now animated by rage as well as by the desire to capture its foe. It again sprang up, ran along the boughs of the fallen tree, and advanced once more towards the porcupine ; but its courage and agility did not avail it. Another blow from that for- midable tail cast it once more into the snow; while the porcupine looked down with contempt on its de- feated antjigonist. Reuben, taking good aim with his 106 OPOSSUM-HUNTING. rifle, put the raarten out of misery ; while I killed the victorious porcupine. The dogs then rushed forward ; but Snap, the most eager, had reason to repent his eagerness, as before we could keep him oft' the animal he had received several sharp quills in his jaws. These v/e immediately extracted, but he never again attempted to seize either a living or a dead porcupine. We killed another marten and some squirrels, and were returning home just at sundown, when we met Uncle Mark, who had followed our trail — no difficult thing to do over the snow, even for a white man. He had just before caught sight of an opossum, which liad escaped him. It had evidently paid a visit to our poultry-yard a short time previously, and hav- ing succeeded in carrying off" one of the inhabitants, was making its way with its prey to its mate or hungry family when Uncle Mark overtook it. He had knocked it over with his stick, and supposed it dying or dead, as it lay with open mouth, extended tongue, and dim eyes. At that moment he had caught sight of a marten or some other animal moving through the forest. The creature thereupon proved that it was only "possuming;" for the instant his eye was withdrawn it sprang up, and set off' at a rate which showed that its powers of locomotion, at least, had not been impaired by the blows it had received. He was telling us this, when the dogs began to yelp, and presently right ahead of us appeared a creature of the size of a large cat. "Dere a 'possum," exclaimed Quambo; and we hurried after it with the dogs. illed the forward ; pent his e animal lis jaws. er again ^rcupine. Tels, and I we met difficult lan. He n, which I visit to md hav- labitants, mate or it. He )posed it xtended d caught through that it leye was le which last, had led. iegan to leared a tnd we OPOSSUM-HUNTINa 1 ; i m " i ' i 1 1 I -•).)■;'' 1 1; ■■; j$ ■i -, M CAUGHT AT LAST. 109 " Master 'Possum " was not going to be caught so easily, however. In an instant it was up a tree, and lost to sight amid the branches, while the dogs yelped around it. " The creature is lost," cried Reuben. " No fear ob dat," answered Quambo. " We soon find him out." Then he and Mike, with the rest of us, began to collect all the decayed branches to be found above the snow. We soon had enough wood for a fire; when Quambo striking a light, it quickly blazed up, and the flames exhibited the opossum making its way along one of the branches. The dogs leaped about, and yelped loudly. Quambo had thrown him- self on the ground to watch the animal's proceedings ; for the moment we had attempted to take aim, it had nimbly sprung round to the dark side, apparently watching us as eagerly as we were watching it. Mike on this huiTied off to a little distance and lifted his rifle. He fired, and down came the opossum. The dogs seized it, and in a few moments life was extinct. There wjis no shamming now, though the Irishman gave it another blow, after we had taken off* the dogs, just to make sure. He having slung it over his back, we put out the fire to prevent the risk of igniting the trees, and proceeded homewards well content with our evening's sport. It was the last idle day we had for some time, for we had an abundance of work to get through before the return of spring, which was now rapidly approach- ing. It was the least pleasant time of the year, too ; no THE END OF WINTER. for we had thaws of two or three days at a time, during which the hardened snow was turned into slush. Then frost would come on again, and hold the timber with such a grasp that we could not move it. We occupied the time in putting up sheds, and in such other work as could be done before the ground was clear. No one, however, complained ; for we knew that the snow would soon disappear, that the leaves would again come forth, and that the rivers would be open, when we should be able to move about much more rapidly in our canoes than we had done over the frozen ground. • m t a time, med into [ hold the move it. is, and in lie ground I; for we ', that the the rivers to move m we had CHAPTER IV. OKOIK mark's good OPINION OF REUBEN — MIKE LAFFAN'S FIDDLE — TBI BEAVER — REUBEN'd DESIRE TO TURN TRAPPER — QUAMBO TAKES A PIPE — KEPENAU'S OANOE — ASH ATE A PADDLES REUBEN HOME— KEPBNAU'S 8AOACITY — UNCLE MARK WELCOMES KEPENAU AND HIS DAUOHTBR — THE OLD TRAPPER — REUBEN CARRIES SAMSON'S PACK — A8HATEA IS TAUGHT ENGLISH BY LILY AND DORA — MARTIN GODFREY'S VISIT TO THE SETTLEMENT — KEPENAU AND ASHATEA's DEPARTURE — SANDY m'COLL, THE HALF-BREED — A VISIT TO KEPENAU — PORTAGING. [HE summer had now come. The trees were decked with their rich and varied foliage; the notes of the feathered inhabitants were heard in the forest; and numerous animals which had either gone south during the win- ter, or had concealed themselves in sheltered places, were moving about. There had been too much plough- ing and sowing to allow of my indulging in my favour- ite pursuits. All I could do was to run over and pay my uncle and aunt a visit ; but it may be that Lily was the chief attraction. I found her friend Dora with her one day. She was certainly a very nice girl, although not equal to Lily by a long way, in my opinion. They inquired whether we had seen anything of Kepenau and his daughter Ashatea. " They have not yet appeared," I answered ; " nor have we received any tidings of them." 112 REUBEN VISITS OUR HUT. " Dora wants to make the acquaintance of a real Indian girl, fit to be a heroine," said Lily, laughing. " She has hitherto only seen the wretched squaws who appear in the Eastern States. Slie can scarcely believe that Ashatea is the interesting creature I describe her." I said that I would try to communicate with Kepenau, if I could learn his whereabouts from any passing Indians. "Oh do !" said Lily; "and let him understand how glad we shall be to see him and his daughter again." While we were talking Reuben came in, and offered to accompany me back to the hut. He, like me, had been very busy all the spring. He certainly did not look well suited for hard labour; but his face was more bronzed than heretofore, and he seemed perfectly well. Wishing the girls good-bye, we shouldered our guns, and commenced the walk to the hut. There was no risk of losing our way at this time, for the days were long, and there was a bright moon that evening. Uncle Mark welcomed Reuben, whom he liked for his straightforward character and honesty. " I am glad you have got such a companion as that young fellow/' he said to me. "W^hen two harum-scarum fellows associate, they are sure to get into trouble; but you two will help each other out of difficulties, should you unexpectedly fall into them." Mike amused us that evening with a tune on his fiddle; and Quambo diverted us still more by a dance A FOREST RAMBLE. 113 ■ a real ughing. squaws scarcely sature I te with L'om any and how again." d offered me, had inly did his face » seemed bye, we walk to way at :e was a liked for mion as len two re to get [ther out Fall into 16 on his a dance he performed to the music, which made Reuben, who was not addicted to laughing, almost split his sides. We agreed to have a long ramble into the forest next day, my uncle giving me leave of absence. He could not spare Mike, but he allowed Quambo to accompany us. "We can cook our dinner without him," I said; " though, to be sure, we cannot expect to dress it as well as he would." " Ah ! Massa Mark, poor black fellow do one t'ing well; you do ebery t'ing well," observed Quambo, with a grimace, by which he intended to show that he was paying a deserved compliment. We carried our guns, with provisions in our knap- sacks to last us for a day, although we expected to kill more game than we should want. As we wished to make a long excursion, we started at daybreak ; that is to say, Reuben, Quambo, and I, with the dogs. Reuben had a great desire to see a beaver settlement which I had once visited when we first came into that part of the country ; and I thought that I could find my way to it. Quambo amused us, as we walked along, with all sorts of tales about beavers, raccoons, opossums, bears, and other animals, with the habits of which he was well acquainted. The beaver is a good-sized animal, being two and a half feet long exclusive of the tail, which is one foot more. It is of a deep chestnut colour; the hair very fine, smooth, and glossy. The Indians use its incisor teeth, which are very large and hard, to cut the bone or horn with which they tip their spears. It is a rodent, or (627) 8 114 THE BEAVER DESCRIBED. ii' gnawing animal. It has a broad, horizontal, flattened tail, nearly of an oval form, wliich is covered witl) scales. The hind feet are webbed, and, with the aid of the tail, which acts as a rudder, enable it to swim through the water with ease and rapidity. Except in one respect, I do not know that it can be considered a sagacious animal; but it is a marvellous engineer, its faculties being employed in building houses, and in forming dams for the protection of its village. One of its chief characteristics is the power it pos- sesses of producing a substance termed "castor," — which is contained in two bags, each about the size of a hen's egg. This castor is peculiarly attractive to beavers. They scent it at a distance, and inva- riably make their way towards it. No sooner does the beaver discover the delicious odour than he sits upright, sniffs about in every direction, and squeals with excitement until he can get up to it. The trap- per, knowing this, always carries a supply of castor, or bark-stone; and when he reaches a stream or any other water near which he believes beavers may be found, he sets his trap, about six inches under the water. He then chews the end of a twig, dips it in the castor, and sticks it in with the scented end u[)permost, just a little above the wiater. The nearest beaver, on discovering the scent, hurries up to the spot; and, if a young animal, is nearly certain to be caught by the trap. The older beavers are more knowing and cautious, and frequently bite off the end of the twig without entangling themselves. Another curious circumstance connected with this BARK-STONE. 115 lattened ed with the aid to swim Ixcept in sidered a ineer, its s, and in ^* er it pos- jastor," — t the size attractive and inva- oner does ^n he sits squeals The trap- of castor, m or any •s may be mder the dips it in nted end le nearest ap to the ain to be are more ff the end iwith this " castoreum " is, that as soon as one beaver has de- posited any of it on tlie ground, the beavers from anotlier lodge go to the spot, and after covering it witli earth and leaves, deposit their own " castoreum " on it. When they have gone away, others in turn perform the same operation ; and thus the process goes on till a heap four or five feet in height has been raised. No one has as yet been able to ascertain the object of this proceeding. It gives the trapper, how- ever, the means of catching the poor creatures — means which they would undoubtedly withhold, if they had the power. Like human beings, they are sufferera from their own acts. Tlie teeth of the beavers are sharp and powerful, and their jaws possess an extraordinary amount of strength. Tliis enables them to bite through wood, tear the bark from trees, and chew vegetable substances of all sorts. During summer they regale themselves on fruits and plants of various descriptions; but their winter stock of food consists of the bark of the birch, plane, and other trees — and even of the young wood itself, which they steep in w^ater before devour- ing it. Their favourite resort is a stream or a pool near trees. Here they will assemble to the number of some hundreds, living in communities, and working together. They select, when they can, a stream with a current, because it affords them the means of con- veying wood and other materials for their habita- tions. They choose such parts as will afford them depth of water sufficient to resist the frost in winter. ^' 116 DEAVER DAMS. and prevent it freezing to the bottom. When, how- ever, they find that there is not depth enough for this purpose, they build a dam across the stream, at a convenient distance b(^low their habitations. If the current is gentle, the dam is made perfectly straight; but if rapid, it is constructed with a con- siderable curve, the convex side being towards the upper part of the stream. The materials employed are drift wood, green willows, birch, and poplar; these are placed horizontally, and kept down by mud and stones. So strong do these dams become, that they are capable of resisting a considerable force both of water and ice ; for generally the wood, taking root, shoots upwards, and forms ultimately a thick hedge. In some cases even trees sprout up, in the branches of which the birds form their nests. Beavers build their houses of the same materials as their dams, and of various sizes, according to the number of tlie inmates. These, however, do not often exceed four or eight old ones, and from six to fourteen young ones. The houses are of a circular form, elevated some feet above the surface of the water ; but the entrance is always low down beneath it. They are more rudely constructed than the dams, too. The wood is laid nearly horizontally, and crosswise; the branches, which project inwards, they cut off with their teeth. First there is a layer of wood, and then one of mud and stones ; and so they work on till a sufficient height is gained, when the roof, of rough branches, is placed on the top, and plastered down with mud and stones. n, how- ugh for ream, at ms. It" )erfectly I a con- u-ds the oyed are r; these nud and lat they 1 both of ing root, !k hedge, branches materials jT to the do not m six to circuhir e of the beneath han the allv, and rds, they of wood, ey work J roof, of ►lastered A BEAVER OAM. iUi i !:i A COLONY OF IIKAVKIIS. \\\) Such was tho interesting account whicli Quanibo gave us as we walked along. No event worthy of tloscri|)tion occurred during our walk, tliough it took us some hours to reach tlio spot for which I was directing our course. I was not disap])ointed. As we a])proaclied it cautiously, we caught sight of several beavers run- ning about on the banks of the stream, some niljbling away at the trunks of saplings and small trees whicli they were engaged in felling. Had we fired, we might have killed two or three; but the rest would have disappeared, and we should then have lost the opportunity of observing them. We therefore crept on, concealing ourselves among the thick underwood. At length I was afraid, should we get closer, that we might make some noise and alarm the animals. 1 therefore made a sign to my companions to stop ; and looking down, we could discern one of the dams I have spoken of carried across the stream from one side to the other, and apparently not quite finished. Though several beavers were running about it, they were not at work; indeed, all their operations ire carried on during darkness. Nature, of course, has given them the instinct to work at this time, which saves them the destiuction that would otherwise probably ovei-take them, both from men and beasts. After watching them for some time, I wished to retire and let thera amuse themselves undisturbed; but Quambo took it into his head to give a loud shout, when in an instant the startled creatures scampered off and dived under the water. Our 120 BEAVER DWELLINGS. chance of seeing mors of them was gone ; they were evidently on the watch for us, for now and then I saw a snout popping up above the surface, to ascer- tain if we had taken our departure. We made our way along the banks of the stream for some distance, till we saw before us a broad ex- panse of water; and we discovered that it was a shallow lake or pond, bordered by reeds, and with numerous dead trees rising up out of the water near its shores. It struck me that this lake had been produced by the beaver-dams ; and on our proceeding downwards towards what appeared to be its outlet, we found what had the appearance of being a long bank, of a convex form, stretched directly across the stream. This, on further examination, I had no doubt was the work of beavers. Alders and willows, and other water-loving trees of considerable size, were growing out of it ; and digging down to a slight depth, we found that it consisted of lengths of the trunks of young trees, now rapidly decaying and turning into a vegetable mould, thus affording nour- ishment to all sorts of plants. Above the surface of the lake were numerous beaver-houses, and after we had concealed ourselves for some time we caught sight of the inhabitants coming forth and swimming about; while one or two knowing old fellows climbed to the roof of their houses, to keep a look-out, as we supposed, and give notice of approaching danger. We might have shot several, but without the dogs we should not have been able to recover them. Indeed, their skins would have been "^-^,. 5y were then I > ascer- stream )ad ex- was a d with 1 water ke had on our d to be )f being y across had no ivillows, le size, I slight of the ig and r nour- merous ves for joming lowing [ses, to Itice of l-al, but i,ble to been D m > < tn I c (A m I * .fc't, miy^ — fcv,...'!*, liiiilii l|i m k ' ::•.: .:-,^. .V)., ■' •■--•':i^^:- lf:l ■ s REUBENS FRIEND THE TRAPPER. 123 of much less value than those caught in traps. After watching them for some time, then, we agreed that we ought to be on our homeward way, or we should cer- tainly be benighted. Though we had found the path easily enough in daylight, it would be a hard matter to do so in the dark. " I should very much like to turn trapper," said Reuben to me as we walked along. " I once heard a good deal about the lives the trappers lead, from a fine old man who stopped at our house one night, on his way to dispose of his packs of skins at one of the fur-traders' posts." " I suspect that it must be a very hard life, and you would soon get tired of it, Reuben," I answered. " As to that, I fancy that when I got accustomed to the hardships I should like it more and more ; but I would be a trapper on my own hook — have my own animals and traps, hunt where I chose, and sell my peltries to whom I pleased. Our old friend had a horse and two mules. He rode the horse, and the mules served to carry his packs. He had six traps, which he carried in a leathern bag called his trap-sack. I was particularly struck by his appearance as he rode up to our cottage. His costume was a hunting-shirt of dressed buckskin, ornamented with long fringes ; pantaloons of the same material, decorated with porcupine quills hanging down the outside of the leg. He wore moccasins on his feet, and a flexible felt hat upon his head. Under his right arm, and suspended from his left shoulder, hung his powder-horn and bullet- 124 REUBEN S NOTION. pouch, in which he carried balls, flint, and steel. His long knife, in a sheath of buffalo, hung from a belt round his waist — made fast to it by a steel chain. Also, he carried a tomahawk; and slung over his shoulder was his long heavy rifle; while from his neck hung his pipe-holder, garnished with beads and porcupine-quills. "He had come many hundreds of miles from the west, having trapped as far ofl' as the Rocky Mountains, and had met with all sorts of adventures among the Indians, from whom he had often narrowly escaped with his life. He said that he would take me with him, as he much wanted a companion, and would answer for my life with his own; though I should run no more risk than he did, if I only followed his directions. But my father would not hear of it, and was quite angry with the old man for putting the idea into my head; so, of course, I had to give it up. " ' Well, Reuben, my boy,' he said as he rode away, * should your father change his mind, and you hold fast to yours, when I come back I will take you with me.* " But he never has come back since." I laughed at Reuben's notion; for, knowing him as I did, I saw that he was utterly unfit for the sort of life he proposed to lead, and would be heartily sick of it before long. He had a fertile imagination, and hai pictured a trapper's life as something very de- lightful, although / was sure he would in reality hate it. And I believe that is the case with many other A PAITERN OF POLITENESS. 125 steel, from a a steel slung le from I beads lewest, mtains, Dng the escaped ae with would should wed his it, and ing the io give away, 3U hold :e you I him as sort of [ly sick )n, and Iry de- by hate other boys, — especially with those who take it into their head to go to sea, and who have never been on board a ship, and know nothing whatever of sea- life. We had now performed the greater part of ouv journey home, and had reached the bank of the larger river, where it extended into lake- like dimensions, narrowing again shortly to its former width. Here several rocks were seen rising out of it — the waters rushing between them with great force, and forming a cataract, down which I should have thought it impossible for the strongest boat to make its way without being daslied to pieces. At this point we sat down on the bank to rest and take some refreshment, when Quambo pulled out his pipe. " You no smoke, young gen'lemen ; but ole neegur, he fond of baccy, and you no object," said Quambo. Quambo was always a pattern of politeness. We begged him to smoke as much as he liked, although we had not taken to it ourselves. When Quambo was enjoying his pipe, he was never iu a hurry to move, so we sat on longer than we should otherwise have done. I considered, at length, that it was time to move; when, looking up the stream, across the broad expanse I have mentioned, I caught sight of a light canoe skimming rapidly over the surface. It was approaching us; so, prompted by curiosity, we agreed to wait its arrival at the shore — for it did not occur to us it could possibly descend the rapids. It kept, however, in the middle 126 DESCENDING THE RAPIDS. of the current, and before we had got far from where we had been sitting I saw that it was about to make its way amid the tumbling waters. " These people must be strangers, and cannot be aware of the danger they are running," I observed. " Their canoe will be destroyed, and we must do our best to save them." We accordingly hurried back. As the canoe ap- proached, I saw that there were four people in lier : one in the stern, and two in the bows paddling ; the other, wlio appeared to be a female, sitting near the after end, was also dexterously using a paddle, now on one side and now on the other. On looking again, I felt nearly sure that the Indian in the stern was our friend Kepenau, and that the female was his daughter Ashatea. I shouted, but it was too late to warn him to turn back ; indeed, from the calm way in which he sat, I was convinced that he well knew where he was going : and almost before I had time to tliink much about the danger my friends were running, they had j)assed it, and their canoe was floating in the calm water at the foot of the rapids. My sliout attracted the notice of Kepenau, who at once recognized me, and steered his canoe for the bank. He and Ashatea stepped on shore, and seemed much pleased at seeing me. I introduced Reuben, who made as polite a bow to the Indian girl as he would have done to a princess. She put out her hand, and in her broken language inquired if he had a sister. On his replying that such was the case, Ashatea mm where it to make cannot be [ observed. lUst do our canoe ap- ple in her: dling; the lor near the lie, now on ig again, I rn was our is daughter im to turn 1 he sat, I e he was liink much they had the cahii LU, who at the bank, led much [ben, wdio he would land, and a sister. Ashatea THE CHIEF AND HIS DAUGHTER. 129 expressed a hope that she would become a friend to lier, as Lily was. Kepenau told me that they were on their way to visit our settlement, according to his promise. "I thought it wisest," he said " to keep my people at a distance, so we have fixed our camp on the banks of a stream some miles to the westward ; and as the rivers are now open, we can easily hold communica- tion with you. At the same time, as there are several intervening rapids and waterfalls, the white men are not likely to find their way often to us, or to bring the ' fire water ' which I so much dread." On hearing that we were on our way home, he offered to accompany us ; observing that Ashatea could steer the canoe as well as he could, and though the distance by the river was greater, she would not be long after us. "There are no more rapids or waterfalls to be passed, so that the remainder of the voyage can be performed without danger," he ob- served. Reuben, on hearing this, asked leave to take his place, saying that he should much like the trip by the river. " But you cannot use a paddle," said Kepenau. " Not very well," answered Reuben. " Then don't make the attempt, or you may upset the canoe, or lose your paddle. If you go, 3^ou must sit perfectly quiet," said Kepenau. Reuben promised to obey orders. Ashatea smiled, and appeared to be highly amused at the idea of having a white man as her passenger. (627) 9 130 ASHATEA S PASSENGER. As we had no time to lose, Ashatea resumed lier seat in the stern of the canoe. "Now, take care," she said, laughing, as she saw Reuben about to step in, " else you will tumble over on the other side, or make a hole in the canoe and go through it." Reuben looked somewhat alarmed, and in his eager- ness was very nearly doing both the things against which he was being warned. Kepenau, however, taking his arm, helped him in. " Now, don't move till you reach the end of your voyage," said the Indian. "Perhaps we shall be there to help you out." Ashaiea gave a flourish with her paddle as a fare- well signal, and striking the water, away the canoe shot down the stream. We meanwhile took the path homewards, and as we were anxious to arrive before the canoe we hurried forward. Kepenau told me that his daughter had so much wished to see Lily, — or my sister, as he called her, — that he had consented to bring her, and to leave her for two or three days, if my friends would allow it. I said that I was sure they would. He desired, he told me, to make some trade arrange- ments for disposing of the peltries which he and his people obtained ; his object, at the same time, being to keep them away from the white men, for fear of the "fire water." This subject was continually on his mind. He had seen it prove the destruction of so many of his countrymen, that he dreaded its intro- duction among his own tribe, who had hitherto been POOTSTEPS. 131 kept free from it. However, as my uncles and Mr. Claxton were men who never touched liquor, he was not afraid of dealing with them. I remarked, as we walked along, that his eyes were consttintly turning in every direction, — now on the ground, now on the trees and bushes on either side, — as if he was on the look-out for game, or fancied that an enemy was lurking near. I at last inquired why he did this. "It is the habit of my people," he answered. "We never can tell whether our foes may be before us or tracking our footsteps. I noticed that some one be- sides you and your young friend and the black has passed this way lately. He wore moccasins, and may therefore be a red man and an enemy ; but I have just discovered that he is one of your people, and has a load on his shoulders. Observe that soft ground ; his feet sank deeper into it than would have been the case had he been unencumbered. He is either an old man, or overcome with fatigue. He cannot be very far before us, and is going in the direction of your hut." Kepenau pointed as he spoke to some mossy ground, where I could just distinguish a faint outline of the footsteps of a man; but I should have been unable to read anything beyond that fact from the marks left behind. Quambo, who saw them, thought tliat they might have been, after all, only the footsteps of Uncle Mark or Mike, who might have come out thus far in search of game ; but Kepenau laughed when this was said. 132 THK TRAPPEH. " No, no," he answered; "these are moccasins. Vou will see that I am right." We hurried on, for the sun was getting low, and already the gloom liad settled down in the recesses ot the forest. As we emerged into more open groimd near the ba nks of the river, the rays of the sun glancing along it sparkled on the flakes of foam, as the stream hurried rippling along the banks. Nearing the hut, we caught sight of three figures standing in front of it. "I told you so," observed Kepenau. "Yonder is the man whose trail I discovered. A trapper, who has come east with his peltries. He is an old man, too, as I thought, and carried a heavy load." Before even our friends saw us, the canoe shot into view down the stream ; and after helping Ashatea and Reuben to land — or rather the latter, for the Indian girl sprang lightly on shore without assistance — we proceeded to the hut. Uncle Mark advanced to meet us. " All friends are welcome," he said, taking Kepenau's hand, and then greeting the young girl in his kind, friendly way. " You will, however, have to submit to pretty close stowage, if, as I hope you intend to do, you will remain the night with us." " We can quickly put up sufficient shelter for this time of the year for ourselves, so that we need not crowd you, my friend," answered the Indian. " And our aged brother there, I doubt not, is as well accus- tomed to the open air as we are." " Many days and nights have passed since I slept I TWO OLD FRIKNDS. 133 undei a roof," observed the old Imiiter, who, hcarin*^ himself mentioned, now came forward. " We have met before, brother," he added, looking at the Indian ; " ay, and fought and hunted together ! Don't you recollect me ?" "Ay, that I do. You saved my life when the Apaches were about to take my scalp, and enabled nie to reach my horse and escape," answered Kepenau. " Ah ! I have a faint recollection of that ; but I remember more clearly how, when I was hunted by a party of Araphoes, you and your people came sweep- ing down to my assistance, and put them to liight," replied the old trapper. " I recollect the event," observed Kepenau ; " but I have long since buried the war-hatchet, and now strive to live at peace with my neighbours, if they will let me." While the Indian and the old trapper had been speaking, I had been looking at the latter. I had no doubt, from the description Reuben had given of the visitor to his father's house, that this was the same peraon ; and I was therefore not surprised to see him and Reuben shaking hands as old acquaintances. Quambo, knowing that food would be required for our guests, lost no time, with the assistance of Mike, in lighting a fire, and immediately set about cooking whatever his larder supplied. Though we had killed but little game on our excursion, Uncle Mark and Mike had been more fortunate during our absence, and there was no lack of food. In the meantime Kepenau had called up his people U ' 134 OUR INDIAN GUESTS. from the canoe, and tliey set to work to collect materials for two small wigwams, which, though they were more rudely constructed than usual, served the purpose intended. One was for the accommodation of Ashatea, and the other for the chief — his men con- tenting themselves with a rough lean-to. The whole parf.y joined us in the hut at supper, which, thanks to the diligence of Mike and Quambo, was quickly prepared. The old trapper had many anecdotes to tell, and many a wild adventure to re- count, which, I saw, was greatly interesting to Reuben. Ashatea spoke but little, though I could see, by her quick glance, that she understood much, if not all, that was said. At niijht the chief and his daui^hter retired to their wigwams, wiule the old trapper accepted a shake- down in the corner of our hut. He smiled when Uncle Mark offered him a bed. " For many a long year I have not slept in one," he answered ; " and I possibly may never again put my head on a pillow softer than my saddle or a pack of skins." Without taking off his clothes, and merely un- buckling his belt, he lay down, and was soon fast asleep. Keuben and I, after a few minutes' talk, did the same. Before I closed my eyes, however, I saw that Uncle Mark was sitting at the tiible, resting his head upon his hands, apparently lost in thought. At break of day the next morning our Indian friends were on foot, and we turned out to receive them. As our hut was close, we had our breakfast spread on a grassy spot beneath the trees, where we could enjoy 1 THE TRAPPEK S OFFER. 135 to collect oiigh they served the amodation ; men con- at supper, i Quambo, had many iure to re- to Reuben, ee, by her if not all, ed to their a shake- iled when ny a long ; " and I a pillow erely un- soon fast tes' talk, owever, 1 e, resting thought, in friends lem. As lead on a dd enjoy fresh air, which was certainly more suited to their taste. Ashatea looked handsomer than ever. Si.3 was eager to set out to see Lily. Reuben offered to ac- company her, and show the way : at which Kepenau laughed, observing that an Indian never required a guide through his own country ; but, for all that, he should be happy to have the white stranger's society. Kepenau had brought several packages of skins, which it was his object to dispose of. "My friend," said the old trapper, touching him on the shoulder, " let me sell them for you. I know how the white men will treat you if they think that they are yours : they will offer a third of the value, and then insist on your taking articles you do not require." ** I wish to open a fair trade with the white men," answered Kepenau. " I will let them understand that I have more skins to bring." " The greater reason they will have for putting a small value on them," observed the old trapper. " I would advise you to accept Samson Micklan's ofi'er," said Uncle Mark, turning to the Indian. Kepenau considered the matter for some time. " I will do as you advise," he said at length. " I know that I can trust you. When you have fixed a price, I will not consent to sell under it. I intend, never- theless, to go to the settlement." The old trapper, whose name I now for the first time heard, appeared to be in no huny to continue his journey. When at length he declared that he 136 REUBEN AND THE PACK. was ready to start, Reuben offered to carry his pack. Old Samson smiled. " It may make your young shoulders ache more than you suppose," he observed. " Let me try," answered Reuben ; and I helped him to place it on his shoulders. Tr» doing so I was able to judge of its weight. "If my uncle can spare me, i will assist you," I said ; " for I doubt very much whether you w^ll be able to carry it all the way." Reuben, however, had made up his mind to fulfil his promise. I saw a twinkle in the old man's eyes when he trudged off trying to look as if he did not feel the weight. My uncle told me I might go too, so we set off. Kepenau and Samson led the way, talking together. Reuben, as I expected, dropped alongside Ashatea; and I followed. The other Indians brought up the rear, carrying Kepenau's packs. Before long, I saw that Reuben was walking with difficulty, and putting his hands behind his back to try and lift the pack off his shoulders. I ranged up to him. " You had better let me carry that a little way for you," I said. " Or suppose we sling it on our sticks ! we shall then get along more easily, and neither of us will feel the weight too much." Still Reuben declared that he could carry it. Ashatea looked at liim, evidently understanding the matter as well as I did. " You better let your friend do as he says," she observed. At length Reuben, who was getting very hot, and A8HATEA AND LILY. 137 jarry his ur young observed, elped him ■ was able it you," I »u will be d to fultil man's eyes he did not ^ht go too, I the way, 1, dropped er Indians cks. king with is back to [ranged up le way for bur sticks ! Ineither of it. ?rstanding let your hot, and had stumbled more than once, said, " Well, I do think it will be the best way. I am nmch obliged to you, Roger." We soon had the pack slung to the sticks, and poor Reuben stepped along much more easily than before. We soon reached Uncle Stephen's house, when the old trapper turned round to Reuben. " You are a brave lad," he said ; " I like your pluck. In a few years, when you get more muscle in your limbs, you will laugh at a pack twice the weight of that." Lily was delighted to see Ashatea, and we left them together while we went on to Mr. Claxton's, where old Samson intended to stay. He had arranged with Kepenau to sell his peltries, and the next day they were all disposed of at a price which greatly aston- ished and delighted our Indian friend. He made an arrangement with Uncle Stephen to sell all the pro- duce of the chase which he might bring, and to pur- chase for him such articles as he required. Reuben brought his sister Dora over to see Ashatea, and the three girls seemed very happy together. The Indian girl was as eager to learn English as Lily and Dora were to instruct her ; and she got on rapidly. Old Samson h.ad suffered more from his long tramp on foot than he was at first willing to confess, and a fit of illness was the consequence. He was well cared for, however, by the Claxtons, who treated him as kindly as if he had been a relation. He was grateful in his way ; but it struck me that there was 138 THE OLD trapper's ILLNESS. something hard and unsympathizing in his character. He spoke of his fights with the Indians, of the scalps he had taken, of his hairbreadth escapes ; but he never uttered a word which showed that he had any- religious feeling. Indeed, he seemed to me to be as much of a heathen as the Indians among whom he had lived so long. It appeared strange to me that an old man should be so hardened. I was not aware, at the time, that when people once begin to give up trusting God they go further and furtlier from him ; and thus, of course, as they advance in years they think less and less of their souls, and, in fact, become more dead with regard to all spiritual matters. I had been accustomed to see Uncle Stephen read the Bible to his family, and offer up prayers morning and night ; while he never did any work, except such as necessity demanded, on the Sabbath. Uncle Mark had been less exact in these respects, although even he was accustomed to read the Bible on the Sabbath, and to refrain from work ; and occasionallv we went over to Uncle Steplien's on that day and joined his family at worship. Most of the people of the settle- ment, however, paid but little attention to the day, though they ceased frr,?ji all rough work, and made a sort of holiday of it. There was no church or chapel of any description in the neighbourhood, and few paid any attention to what are called religious duties. The day after I went to stay with Uncle Stephen, some little time before sunset I saw a horseman ap- proaching the house from the eastward. He was a A NEW VISITOR. 139 middle-aged man, dressed in a suit of dark gray, with his legs encased in strong leather gaiters, and a broad- brimmed hat on his head ; a pair of huge saddle-bags, too, were thrown across the hardy-looking mustang he bestrode. He had neither gun over his shoulder nor sword by his side; but he carried a thick staff of considerable length in his hand. "Canst tell me, young friend, if yonder house is the abode of Stephen Tregellis ? " he asked as I ad- vanced towards him. " Yes, sir. He is my uncle," I answered, offering to hold his nag's head while he dismounted. He threw himself from the saddle with the activity of a young man. " I hope, then, that I shall not intrude, for I have come far, and should like to spend a few days with one who, if I am not wrongly informed, will receive mc as a brother Christian," he said. " Uncle Stephen will be glad to see you, sir," I answered, feeling sure that I was only saying what was the case. " Well, then, young man, go in and tell him that Martin Godfrey has come to claim his hospitality." As my uncle had just reached homo, I hurried in and gave him the message. He immediately came out and welcomed the stranger, with whom ho. had a short conversation, which I did not hear, as I was holding the pony at a little distance. I only caught the words, uttered by my uncle, " We will make ready a small upper room, and to that you shall be welcome as long as you remain in these parts." i 140 THE BACKWOODS PREACHER. He then told me to take the mustang round to the stable, to rub him dr wn, and feed him well, and to bring the minister's saddle-bags into the house. When I returned, after having obeyed these orders, I found the stranger seated at table — on which Aunt Hannah and Lily had spread supper — talking cheer- fully; and from what he said I gathered that he had visit :rl a number of outlying settlements, accompanied by several young ministers, one of whom he had left at each. " I had no one to bring on here, and was unwilling to loave you without the ' bread of life/ so I was fain to (-vyHc^ t ' myself," he observed. I WoTidored what he could mean. Aunt Hannah oxp.i'.ired afi*.. i /> and Uncle Mark had gone out, that he Vco ov r Hiose energetic Gospellers who had done so much for the back settlements of America ; that he was an overseer among them — his duty being to move from place to place to form new congregations where none existed, and to strengthen and encourage the older ones. He had much conversation with Kepenau and Ashatea, with whom he could converse in their own language. They were evidently deeply interested in what he said, and I saw him frequently produce his Bible and refer to it to strengthen what he was saying. Kepenau had, as I have already said, some knowledge of Christianity, and he and his daughter very gladly received the instruction which the mis- sionary afforded them. Uncle Stephen went out and succeeded in bringing RELIGIOUS SERVICES. 141 ill three or four of our neighbours, among whom were Mr. Claxton and Reuben, and we had a regular service in the cottage, — the first of the sort I can recollect. The Bible was read, prayers were offered up, and the missionary gave an address ; after which some of Wesley's hymns were sung by Lily and Dora — Ashatea occasionally joining in, with a very sweet voice, although she had never heard them before. Mr. Claxton afterwards begged the missionary to come and visit old Samson. He gladly complied; but I heard him next day tell Uncle Stephen that he feared no impression had been made on the old trapper's heart. " Still, I do not despair," he added. " It may be as hard as iron, or stone ; but iron can be melted by the fire, and stone worn away by the constant dripping of water. One thing I k lOW, — that nothing is too difiicult for God to accomplish ; though we, his instruments, are obliged to confers our own we^akness." I must not, however, dwell further on the various events which took place at this time. Martin Godfrey spent some days with Uncle Stephen, preaching every evening in the open air, and three times on the Sabbath; and he promised the people, if they would put u]) a chapel, that he would ere long find a minister for them. Having distri- buted some Bibles and other books contained in his saddle-bags, he at length mounted his mustang and went his way. I remember Uncle Stephen asking him if he was not afraid of travelling without firearms. 142 OUR GUESTS LEAVE US. "I trust to One well able to protect me," he answered, smiling. "Whenever I have to employ the arm of flesh, I find my trusty stick sufficient to defend myself against hostile Indians or savage beasts ; " and as he whisked it round his head with a rapidity which dazzled the eyes, I could easily understand how it would prove a formidable weapon against either bears or wolves — a tap of it on their skulls being sufficient to stun them ; while it seemed to me that he might be able to ward off either the arrows or the tomahawks of hostile Indians. Kepenau and Ashatea returned to their settlement; and the old trapper, who had now recovered, began to make preparations for his departure. He had again invited Reuben to join him, but Mr. Claxton, very wisely, would not hear of his son going away with the old man. "It is more than likely we shall never see him again," he observed. "Whatever his fate may be, you would probably share it; either to be killed by Indians, or starved, or drowned, or frozen to death, or torn to pieces by bears or wolves." Reuben was inclined to complain. " Father thinks I cannot take care of myself," he said to me. "As old Samson has spent so many years out trapping by himself, why should not I have as good a chance of escaping from danger ? " "There is an old saying, 'That the water-pot which goes often to the well, gets broken at last,* " I observed. "Such may be the case with regard to old Samson ; and you know nothing of the country, THE OLD TRAPPER S COMPANION. 143 me," he ) employ sufficient 3r savage lead with lid easily le weapon ) on their it seemed either the 3. ettlement; red, began He had r. Claxton, ping away jr see him le may be, be killed frozen to ler thinks I me. "As japping by chance of I water-pot It last,'" I regard to country, or of the cunning of tlie Redskins, and would be very sure to lose your life if he lost his." The old man, who had set his heart on obtaining a companion of some sort, succeeded in persuading a half-breed to accompany him. This was a man named Sandy M'Coll, whose father was a Scotchman and his mother an Indian, and who had long been accus- tomed to the wild life of the prairies. He had come to the settlement intending to remain, and had built a hut and begun to cultivate a garden, with the intention, as was supposed, of taking unto himself a wife ; but the damsel on whom he had set his affections had refused him. Sandy after this became very downcast; he neglected his garden, and spent most of his time wandering about gun in hand, shooting any game he could come across. He had few associates, and was of a morose disposition. People, indeed, whispered that he had been guilty of some crime or other, and was forced to leave the part of the country where he had before resided. Uncle Stephen, who occasionally exchanged a few words with him, did not believe that this was the case, and de- clared that Sandy, in spite of his taciturnity and love of solitude, was an honest fellow. Be that as it may, Samson was satisfied with him, and the two agreed to start together. Soon after the old man's arrival, he had asked Reuben and me to make a journey to the place where he had left his other packs of skins hidden away; and he described the spot so exactly, that we believed we should have no difficulty in finding it. My uncle 144 SAYING GOOD BYK, said 1 might go with Mike Lafian. Reuben, too, got leave from his father; and Sandy volunteered to accompany us. Without him we should, I believe, have lost our way, for lie knew the country much better than we did. We had to proceed cautiously during the latter part of the journey for fear of Indians, as we were far in advance of the territory claimed by the white men. But I do not give an account of the expedition, be- cause, in reality, we met w^ith no adventure worthy of notice. Thanks to Sandy, we discovered the packs, and succeeded in bringing them back safe to their owner; for which Samson was very grateful, and rewarded us handsomelj^ With the proceeds he purchased two mustangs, six beaver- traps, a supply of powder and shot, and other articles. Sandy had the means of obtaining another mustang, and such supplies as he required. After this old Samson quickly recovered. As soon as he was well enough he and Sandy mounted their ponies, reserving a third animal to carry their goods ; and having bidden us all good-bye, they set off into the wilderness — going to the westward, intending to push forward to the spurs of the Rocky Mountains, where, they said, game in abundance was to be found. Reuben, who was really a very good fellow, soon got reconciled to remaining at home and attending to his duty. Kepenau had made me promise to come and visit him, and had agreed to send one of his people with a canoe to take me to his lodges ; and at last the Indian arrived at our hut. ;00, got jred to aelieve, ' mucli ber part •e far in te men. iion, be- orthy of 3 packs, to their iful, and leeds he I supply ndy had nd such As soon Ded their goods ; into the to push 5, where, 1 Reuben, tconciled ity. md visit |e with a le Indian li .S( C( ai til w: sk til a ^ as we A CANOK-KXPKDrriON. u; ICepenau, lie said, Iwul sent but a small canoe, as we might thus more easily make oui* way up the stream, and pass the several portages we should have to go over. I knew that Ueuben would take (kTi