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•f> 
 
 
 Cl 
 
 DlAnOND inPORTERS . . . 
 
 JEWELLERS & OPTICIANS 
 
 HAVE ALWAYS ON HAND A FINE ASSORTMENT OF 
 
 C»r|W5jj!JV|5»|i5;|^.;i*^»^ 
 
 ■a^js^^^jvB^^w* 
 
 f,*:^^:f^^ fQ!^f^'if ^ii^^'m^'^i?^t?^'^ '^^'^'■^ 
 
 'uCik:^ 
 
 A 
 CnV75 
 
 Set In Diamonds, 
 Opals and Pearls. . 
 
 PRIZE CUPS and HEDALS In all the Latest Designs. 
 
 STERLING SILVER NOVELTIES-all New for Holiday Trade. 
 My a Tborenvli OpUclan at -*''' -^"^ CiUllcnnt- .^irctl. 
 
HE 
 
 •• 
 
 irwimi 
 
 Insurance Company, L^ 
 
 DP LDNDDN, BNBLnND. 
 
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 ■ «•» I 
 
 ®— ESTJ^BXjISHIEID 1803— ® 
 
 ■ «■> ■ ■ 
 
 i 
 
 Head Office for Canada ; 
 
 IMPERIAL BUILDING, - MONTREAL. 
 
 G. R. KEARLEY, 
 
 Resident Marmger, 
 
 ( GEO. 0. HIAM. 
 1 JOS. A. LAURIN. 
 
 i 
 
i 
 
 t 
 
 ^ 
 
 Sports of 
 
 Greater Britain 
 
 . . COnPKISINQ . . . 
 
 SHOOTING, FOOTBALL, HOCKEY, 
 
 CURLING, FISHING, CRICKET, 
 
 GOLF, LACROSSE, 
 
 TOGETHER WITH A SHORT HISTORY OF THE 
 
 montreal Hmateur JItbletic Hssociation 
 
 IIV 
 
 W. R. GIliBERT. 
 
 Printed for the Author at ••'I1u' Sharcholcler " Office. 
 
 1 1 
 
 h 
 
 \l MON TRIiAL 1S98. 
 
 /. 
 
 \^i. 
 
L 
 
 A 
 
iO 
 
 EDWARD SHEPPARD, Esq., 
 
 J'resident Montreal Amateur Athletic Association, 
 
 ANl' 
 
 HENRY BROPHY, Esq., 
 
 Prfsident Amateur Athletic Association of Canada. 
 
 15 this ^mixU it'iooU Hcdicatcd. 
 
 NCI <'M\ IN THKIk OIIKIAI. ( AI'AC 1 IIKS, l;l I .\l>(> I, 
 
 IHKM I'KKSCiNAI.LN, Till, IMl-.KKM 
 
 \\\V.\ l:(»in lAKK iN 
 
 KKIXC >r) W 11 1 KNOW N. 
 
 W. 1^. OlLiBE|:^T. 
 
 2T,2 ll^ood Avenue, 
 
 IVestmo/inf. Montreal. 
 
 HH(pl3 
 
\A/BBTIVIDUNT BDYS' BCHDDL. 
 
 I I I 
 
 -'.33 lVo,>J Avenur, West mo nut. 
 
 The above named School has been opened as a Boarding and 
 J^ay School /or Hoys. 
 
 With a view to give each boy careful personal attention, the 
 number of pupils will be strictly limited. 
 
 The curriculum tvill be so arranged as to afford the necessary 
 education for those who are to enter professions, and in order to 
 keep pace with modern reqtiircments, special attention will be given 
 to those pupils who contemplate following a commercial career. 
 
 Both in and out of sehoof my aim will be to encourage those 
 manly ideas which are fostered, and have proved so eminently 
 satisfactory, in the best English schools. 
 
 T^he boarders, apart from their school laorh, will be treated 
 with the considcratisn they would receive at home, and will be 
 under the careful supervision of A/rs. Gilbert. 
 
 All legitimate ifc rts will be encouraged, and an Athletic Club 
 will be promoted in connection ivith the school. 
 
 Private pupils coached for examinations, and back-ward boys 
 given extra tuition. . 
 
 An evening Preparation Class will be held, for the supervision 
 of pupils' home work. 
 
 Also an Evening Class for those engaged during the day. 
 
 W. R. GILBERT, 
 
 Head Master. 
 
Guardian 
 
 FIRE AND LIFE 
 
 Assurance Company 
 
 (LIMITED^ 
 
 OF LONDON, ENG. 
 
 Established 1821. 
 
 Capital Subscribed, - _ . $10,000,000 
 Capital Paid Up - _ . $5,000,000 
 
 Invested Funds, exceed - - $23,000,000 
 
 HEAD OFFICE FOR CANADA: 
 
 Guardian Assurance Building, 
 
 181 ST. JAHES STREET, 
 
 MONTREAL. 
 
 ^^■^■^y.^y.^yyyjry yyxyy^yy 
 
 W. M. RAMSAY, Esq., HON. ALPH. DESJARDINS, 
 
 Chaiinian. Deputy Chairma)i. 
 
 W. H. BEATTY, Esq., loronto. J. Q. GRAVEL, Esq. 
 R. WILSON SMITH, Esq. 
 
 E. P. HEATOfi, - Manager. 
 
The BEST Company is the 
 Company cjuhieh DOES 
 the moST Good." 
 
 THE MUTUAL 
 
 Life Insurance Company 
 of New York. 
 
 RICHARD A. ncCURDY, President. 
 
 SIXCE ITS OnOANlZATION 
 i IN 1S43 
 
 I Has paid to its Members while living- $271,681,876 29 
 
 ! Has paid to Beneficiaries of Deceased 
 
 Members 
 
 - - - 191,325,374 42 
 
 $462,987,250 71 
 
 It holds for the Security of its pre- 
 sent Members - _ . . $253,786,437 66 
 
 It has paid to and invested for its 
 
 '^^"^'^''^ ----- $716,783,68837 
 
 FAYETTE BI^OCUN, 
 
 GEMJltAL MANAGElt, 
 
 MONTREAL. 
 
 J 
 
Iprefacc. 
 
 A 7e:Lj di-?tiqguish.:'/l /;nte^ on ■■ Spores," who lived in 
 •no last oentu'Lj, said, ■■ Dhlkctanuo fmrithrqi'k monkndo 
 
 unould bo ^H^O' doGigq in LOfiding a book into oirCLilatior|," 
 I* is to bo feared that ■eal success fails +o very few, 0^ 
 l.ro the soinoetltioq cinvono -Aoters oq Sports has been 
 -o great tha' they h|avo fnllu equalled the vvants of the 
 iJ'ibli.j : Ipnce the greate- lifficulty in such a ^olunie as 
 dm: of e^ei] equalling those book;, that have gone befoi'e, 
 Iii0wri^:> does tpt wisl^ to coqteqd ..vitdi yjol^, but only 
 :'-UT.t3 the fevv practical ''enia'-k. con[taii]e(.J l]eiein may both 
 Oe inte'-esting and of se'vice to -le rislqq qeqe'-atlon, 
 
Sun Xife Hssiuance Go'^ 
 
 of Canaba* 
 
 HEAD OFFICE, -. - - MONTREAL. 
 
 R. MACAULAY, 
 
 PrL'sidcnt. 
 
 HON. A. W. OCILVIE, 
 
 Vice-President. 
 
 T. B. MACAULAY, 
 
 Secretary and 'Actuary, 
 
 jHi-: 
 
 COnPANYS HEAD OFFICE 
 BUILDING 
 
 year iSi;; was a ver\ 
 surcessful oiu' with the Tiik 
 Sux Liii: of (Canada, in which 
 very sul)stantial progress was 
 made. A large addition to the 
 amount of business in force was 
 made, and gratifying growth in 
 As.sets, In(-ome and Reserve was 
 experienced, while the Conipanv 
 continues to realize satisfactory 
 returns from its Investments. 
 
 The New Policy contract is 
 proving a good feature, '['he 
 Company has for years been 
 well known for the liberality with 
 which it treats its policyholders, 
 and this further proof of its 
 willingness to simplify the policy 
 issued to its applicants is being 
 amply ap[)reciated. 
 
 ^-EACH POLICY--® 
 
 Guarantees l^eserves, Guarantees boans, 
 
 Guarantees Paid-up Values, 
 
 Guarantees Extended Assuranee. 
 
 ■ t»> « 
 
 Full information given on application to any of the (^ompanys 
 District Managers, or at the Head Office. 
 
 -ASK FOR NEW PROSPECTUS- 
 
SPORTS OF GREATER BRITAIH. 
 
 ^« 
 
 N the following SL'iies of articles iiiultT the above headini;. 
 I would, before coniinetHinLj on anv one suhjeet, 
 «^ place before my readers one or two reasons for 
 writing al all. In the first place, 1 l)elieve that a bo\ 
 or a man wlu) goes in con ainore for s[)ort, and 
 becomes a " s[)ortsman "" in the real meaning of the 
 word, will be able to fill his place in the world for 
 a longer {)eriod and to greater atlvantage than lu' 
 who '' moons about" with no definite aim in lite. ho 
 nor let nu' be misuiulerstood. I do not uphold the Sportsman r,f. 
 the Reading .Man. Par from it, but 1 contend that it" the latter 
 could combine some sport with his reading, he would be in a belter 
 condition physicall)' to gain high honors in the liierar\- world. 
 Ha\ing arrived at the fact that athletics or sport of some kind is 
 desirable, then I sa)- tliat each one who undertakes an\- oiu- branch 
 should use his best endea\o!s to e\ci-l in it ; for have we not read 
 " That whii h is worth doing, is worth doing well ^'^ ( "oiu iiiced of 
 the truth of these general maxims, my chief aim in these articles 
 will be to be of service to beginners in each branch of sport and 
 reiukM" what assistance I can to those who are not too far advanced 
 to acce[)t hints, and at the same time, to intersjjerse anecdotes in 
 connection with each chapter. With this brief introduction I will 
 comuK'nce with Shooting. 
 
 SHOOTING. 
 
 'I'here is no doubt that in shooting the gun is the first essential, 
 yet how few peo[)le take this into consideration when buying. One 
 
 hears a man say : " I gave $100 for this gun ; 
 
 and I cant tiit a haystack.' I'here is a Health comes from 
 sim[)le reason for this the gun does not fit the daily use of 
 
 him, - and this may arise from numerous ^^. ^^^r, ,. 
 . , , , , , ,- i Effervescent Salt. 
 contingencies "long or short stock, bend ot J 
 
^I'l'KIs (,i (.KKAIKR I;kit\|\. 
 
 y ■ 
 
 *.ck,ll>„- „«.„fgn,,,,..„, .Sh„„l,l ,lK. gu„ „„t come up to the 
 Z'Tr fir.. ,.is no .a,ti,ly „.. t,y,„g to .it tho .,- o Z 
 
 ' tlicr .a>r a ,k„ one, o, l.avc the old ont- altered. This can be 
 '2- '"■->■ f°o<i «""-m„ at a ttlHing eost. ,„ cho It^-ou 
 
 I'Vr ; ■'" ;° """'"• ■■■"' '»- 'h»'»-Kl>tishalaneed; a3 
 «l'u I *ayth,s, I „,ea„ tl,al there should not be, when at the 
 
 shoulder any ,n<:l,natio„ for the „,„..,e to dip or ise ap r frl 
 
 our want, or use As regards the weigh, of tIre piece, i' i i, a 
 
 - bore, anythn.g between (, ^ and ^<4 lb. would uit, hou. I, ™u 
 
 «■. 1 be apt to hnd that the lighter the gun the higher „ e pri"; "or 
 
 C Tlit i:\™"""'' ' fT "'* '- "-""■« "'"-than 
 »land an) extra charge one uught ivar.t for " wild fowl." 
 
 In England a, the present tinre tnost of the best shots use .o 
 Iwre guns, with loads of 2 drs to ' ' ,ir« „f „ a 1 
 
 „, „|,„, f.,r . ., ^- "' - 4 drs. of powder, and U to zi 
 
 .shot. Of course, ,f we con.pare this charge of shot to the , ''I 
 
 h r^un?' , H "° '"''" °' ='"" '° °"^°' I'-d-. used in 
 other guns -^t does seen, to handicajr one\s shooting powers but 
 
 ■bag i Id '■'";"■ ' "'"' " "' '" S-t" ""Portance, 
 
 bag „, and bag ,t, too, w,th the least amount of trouble 
 
 hat ,s n.ore annoyu.g than to know that vou have n.ortalTv 
 
 wounded a b,rd or aninral and then not to be able to ga e 
 
 I hereore, wl,en buying a gun you should not only see that " ,s " 
 
 p2.^^o f'v^^L : ::^::r: -- -- -^''^ --- - 
 
 how von f 1 ''^done, as any practical gunsmith will 
 
 .in ;,'''':'■'"' '°'r1^ '' ^"' °^''"^^^^ ^°^^y^-°^- ^^-'-h will 
 
 - unta,ni,. space occupied l,y an ordinarily large bird Suonose 
 
 - use No. 6 shot, then there are in any ordinary charge" for a'?! 
 - Kun .;o pellets (a sn.Uer Lore will do with small^ p^ t ^ d 
 
 -^^ .--..„. then, ,f you c-an show a penetrating pattern o 60 vou 
 hav^a^a^^, ,,,.,,„ , say barrel / n J ^^'^Z 
 
 ABBEY'S i . ^''^' ''''''^'"'' ""'-^ ''''''"^^ 'Shoots in a 
 
 Ettervescent Salt I '"'"'^'"" "'''""'''■ ^'^^ "'^i-r is hound to act the 
 
 Excites j ■'''^"'^'- ''<"■' 'f you do, you will be grievously 
 
 the Appetite. i "I'^taken ; you must try both. A.s regards 
 
 the charge put into tlie cartridges, all young 
 
 JS 
 
SI'ORIS 0|- C.REA'IKR MRITAIN. 
 
 sportsmen fancy that the more powder used the greater the 
 distance covered. 'I'his is a mistake, for some guns will burn 
 far more powder than others. 'I'his is easily to he proved. 
 Let the sliooLer put a little more powder in his cartridge than 
 ordinarily and lire along a layer of snow, or, if that is not handy, 
 liave some pa[jer laid down for ten yards from the mu/./.le of his 
 gun, and he will fmd the grains which have not ignited left whole on 
 the surface. i'his will prove to him that he has wasted the " raw 
 material." Novices will complain, " Oh, my gun kicks." Do they 
 ever think why ? Nine times out of ten it is because the gun does 
 not fit their shoulder projjcrly, being too short in the stock, and 
 the maker is brought to task. He, who very likely has pointed this 
 out when the purchase was made, is far too alive to business to 
 say boldly " I told you so,'' but smiply says - " Ah, yes, I see," and 
 either supi)lie.s another gun or puts a heel on the stock, which 
 remedies the defect. Should this kicking result from anv other 
 cause, it is most likely from using too heavy a charge in a light gun. 
 Consequently the objectionist is on the horns of a dilemma. Do 
 not think from this that I am a gun-maker or writing in their 
 interests. 'I'liey are just as liable to make mistakes as any other 
 human being, but it is so easy to lay the missing of an easy shot, 
 or anv other *' ills a shootist (American) is iieir to," to that "ass" 
 the maker. 
 
 1 now take it you have a weapon to suit you. Well, steady 
 yourself ; do not think the mere fact of putting die gun up, shutting 
 one eye and pulling the trigger is going to fill your bag. This is not 
 so, I quite agree with putting the gun up and pulling the trigger, 
 but not so mucli with the shutting of one eye. That may be very 
 well in ritle shooting or a " pot " shot at a partridge on a tree, but 
 it will hardly work with the samj bird on the wing, let alone a cock 
 tir a snipe, in support of this T cannot do better than quote the 
 words of Dr. Carver, the best wing shot the world ever saw, who, 
 when shooting pigeons out of a trap in I':ngland, was asked : 
 
 "Doctor, do you shut one eye when you 
 
 shoot '^" " Shut one eye :" he replied, " it ABBEY'S j 
 
 takes me all my time to kill even with two, ! Eflervescent Salt i 
 
 IS 
 
 and, if 1 had been lucky enongh to have been VIVIFIP 
 born with forty, I guess I would keep them '- 
 
M'OKTS OK C.KKAIl.K llklTAl.N. 
 
 all open." The real fact is that the hand and eyes work 
 together, and it may be taken for ^ranted that all shut both 
 cT^s on the discharge. (Really good shots may find fault with 
 mc here, as they k.iow intuitively whether they have killed or not 
 1 have m my nnnd's eye one old friend ; if he differs, let him prove 
 me wrong). , will put this in a practical form for young sport men 
 as regards sundry h.rds further on, my intention at p;esent being 
 more to show shooting froa, a theoret.cal point of view, and I would 
 wndupwunoneortwo standard rules as regards the management 
 ol guns, winch may well be taken to heart even by older gunners : 
 
 >. -\Vver point the gun ---whether loaded or not or allow it 
 to be pouued at yourself or any other living object, except the game 
 you are n. pursuit of, especially when you are cocking or uncocking 
 the weapo,^ as the cock is liable to slip from your hands. 
 
 -^ In walking always keep the gun so that, should it bv 
 
 accKlent go o,f vou will only hurt Mother Harth or the celest.al 
 
 -Vs i Ins rule n,ore especially applies to inconsiderate mortals, 
 
 -'' ow, . wHchever way you nuay turn, have the muz.le of the gun 
 
 on the level with one's diaphragm. 
 
 3- Uhen not shooting always remove the cartridges from the 
 gun, n.ore esper.ally when getting into a wagon or boat. 
 
 i^efore commencing, as to the charges of powder and shot 
 re, nred to brn.g your gan,e to bag, I should like to be perlectlv 
 c^mun that you ave a gun which will allcnv vou to doth,' l' sa 
 
 '^' "- adv,sedly, ,or should the defects pointed out e.xist, you 
 nu.st assuredly w.ll only hit by chanc:e, and .nav st.ll go on be g 
 as your dearest frtend w.ll point out, "an auful shot." This maJ 
 be, .s not your own fault as regards shooting powers, but si'mplv 
 through want of k.,owledge in choosing your weipon. ' Hav nd 
 
 aitended to, \ i/. : the tri'r<r<jr / ^ ti, . ^ r 
 
 uit cri^^ger, /.^., the amount of pressure or weight 
 
 ^^ '■ :'~ ; ^^''^'^1"' '-^ •■e(iuire(l to discharue the mm 
 
 Happiness IS the outcome 'I'his to th. tvr.. ^ 
 
 ot Health. Health is! /, "'" ''''"^' ^' ^■^'"^ ^'"'-i" 
 
 the outcome of the use I "^'' '^ '' "'''' ^''' '^'"flo- reasons. 
 
 of Abbey's Effervescent i ^^^~^^ stands to common sense that, 
 
 _ Salt.^ I assuming the gim when [)ut up, to be 
 
 °" ^1^^' '''I'd, then the easier th'e pull 
 
SPOKIS (JK (IKKATKR HKITAIN. 1 3 
 
 of the trigger the better, for the slighter the pressure exerted 
 the less likely one is to "pull off" the bird. By "pulling off" 
 1 mean that, having a really easy shot, when plenty of time 
 is given lo lake a steady aim -time enough even for tiie one 
 eyed shot one will, if the trigger recjuires extra jjressure, be sure 
 to jerk the gun more or less to the right. Now, if it be more, the 
 iiird is missed altogether ; and, if less, it only receives the scattering 
 pellets on the left-hand side of tlie charge, which, it is needless to 
 say, have not the same penetrating power as those in the centre. 
 To illustrate my idea: Suppose you fire at a mark forty yards distant 
 with a gun having barrels of an ordinary length say thirty inches — 
 and havitig properly covered your target, you find on examination 
 a very small proportion of the (iiarge of shot recorded, and the 
 pellets that have left their names of not too penetrating a ctiaracter, 
 do not at once throw down the gun and say " No one shall slioot 
 with it again." far better pick it up, apologize, if it is possible to 
 do so to an if.animate thing, and try to fmd a reason for your non- 
 success. Nine times out of ten the reason is that the pull of the 
 trigger is too heavy, which in discharging makes the gun go more or 
 less to the right, .\gain, in pulling the trigger, a man who shoots 
 (|uickly, and, tlierefore, with two eyes — if he has two -open, really 
 does not care which part of his linger causes the explosion ; but to 
 the \()ung gunner I would give a gentle hint, more especially if he 
 is inclined to overload his cartridges — not to put his finger too far 
 through the trigger guard, for however little recoil there may be, the 
 guard, which is fairly snarp, wilTcatch his second finger just above 
 tl\e second joint, and he will be able to demonstrate to his friends 
 one more of the pseudo pleasures of shooting. As regards this 
 " pulling off," suppose that, in spite of your being a good shot, the 
 send-off of the trigger really does not suit you, and the muz/le is in 
 oonseciuence deviated a (|uarter of an inch from the dead straight 
 aim you have taken, have you ever thought how far the killing 
 part of your charge will be from your game, say at thirty yards ? 
 Well, it would be 5'j inches, or even more. 'I'his then proves, 
 as 1 have said before, that the target 
 fired at does not receive the most 
 penetrating part of the charge. This 
 means that the central part of the 
 charge would not strike ain bird smaller 
 
 The Foundation of Strength 
 is Health. 
 
 ABBKY'5 
 
 EFFERVB5CENT SALT 
 
 Is the Foundation of Health 
 
• '4 M'f)UT> OF CKKATKK l!KITAI\. 
 
 Now in writing, as 1 am, cl.idly in tl,c interests oC th- 
 
 jjicshurc oui,Mu to be broii'^hf to Iimti- f i 
 
 r 1 I r ^'"'"^,111: to J)fai to cause the rjun to <'o off 
 
 k „w ha, f„r an old «tn,„.r, „n... „l,o has n.ix.d „d shot wuh 
 
 :' m:,:,'"^:',"' '^ " "•'""««" " '» "- «- "- "^ " «; 
 
 o, o ,„ td r '""' ^'"I'h-^'i-li) -y that snch a„ one ought 
 
 e;,.,::, .r ' . a: :;;«:;'''i,"""''' „ •'■» "r ''"-^ ' ™>- 
 
 „ ,1, , , """'"'if.^' 's O'le that makes the (■un discharL.c 
 
 a. t every sl,ght=,s, provoeation, and, indeed, after some use h 
 „ s been known to do so without any assignable eause T,e eTor 
 
 • "1 ^"oosinLM our Lain vnu hn,-„ f i , nit,iciore, 
 
 the bird at all. Q'schargc before the gun is on 
 
 Above I made, u.se of the phra.se "old gunners," but, if you 
 
 shot u.th the.r brother ,sportsmen.-' Now, I do this because in n.v 
 shoo .ng tnps in th.s country I have been .so struck with the fact 
 hat the greater portion of the sportsuK-n <-away back in the woods" 
 are -well, of more than a certain age. This being ,so. one would 
 have thought that they had con.e to '< years of discretion '' as rega ds 
 he carrynig of those anti.,uated pieces of artillery which they are 
 ^e^c. to call guns. (Do not think for one moment th.t I under- 
 rate the shooting powers of these heirlooms of better days) Hut 
 no . age has not had the desired effect. The average man c f these 
 
 ZT::r ';r '^" i'' '"'"^^' ^" "*^ ■'^- ^^^^-^ p--^^^ 
 
 notice to keep the mux.le o( the apparatus awav fron, himself 
 Mding H ,n such a position that the unwary stranger, if endi:^ 
 - th c.xt.a good eyesignt, can almost see of what number shot the 
 harge consists ; or he carefully arranges so that in <-ase of accident 
 thejull^charge would lodge under his companion's belt Really 
 
 Nature's Gres^^ T'dT" 'f' '"'''' "^' ""^' '' ''^ ^•- 
 , Gift is Health. ' " ''>' ^'^'^oimg in company with others 
 
 i Abbey's Effervescent '^'"^ ''''^''^-^^ considering their safet)' before 
 I Salt gives Health. '''^' ^^^-^ of the "bag." 
 
 , f,.^,^j ,^^, ^,^.^ ^^^^^^ ^^^^^ _^^^ satisfied 
 
M'OKis OK (.hi-;mi:r i.kiiain. 15 
 
 with your gun Che cjuestion now arises what to [>ut in it. 
 (iiven then a 12-bore gun of 7 '4 lbs. weight for an ordinary 
 shooting trip, I do not think you ran do better than tell your 
 gunsmith to fill your cartridges with ^^^4 drs. powder, and i/,s o/. 
 shot, the size of the shot depending, of course, upon the birds 
 you expect to shoot, and also the distance the birds are likely 
 to be from you. If you exi)ect the birds to be wild, you may 
 require to use larger shot. A real gunner, who not only can 
 shoot, but also knows the habits of birds, having been on the 
 outlook for partridges, and having fair-si/ed shot in his gun, 
 would, u[)on coming to a likely jilace for W(jodcock or snipe, replace 
 these cartridges with others containing No. 8 or No. 10 shot. 
 
 Above I said: "(let your gunsmith to fill your cartridges.' 
 This I mean especially for young shooters. On the score of 
 safety \ou should do so, and of cleanliness also . and, as regards 
 price, I do not think that with the ordinary .lumber you usr 
 you will appreciate the difference. Hut, if you must load your 
 own cartridges, I shall be only doing my duty in giving the follow- 
 ing hints, vi/.. : 
 
 Provide yourself with the best powder to be obtained, and, to 
 prove if it is good, place a small (juantity in the palm of your hand 
 and rub it hard. It ought to leave no dirty mark. 
 
 Remember the danger attached to powder — never load excejit 
 in the day time, and never forget to put what powder you have left 
 back ill its proper place, out of reach of small children. 
 
 He careful not to get your measures mixed, and so use the 
 jjowder measure for the shot and I'ice versa. 
 
 It is not necessary to ram the powder too hard, but the wad 
 shoukl be pressed on the shot, so that on shaking the cartridge you 
 cannot hear the pellets rattle. 
 
 Hefore leaving the subject of cartridge loading I must add one 
 other caution. The [lowder used should be perfectly dry, as it will 
 be if bought from a respectatile practical 
 
 ■ \ \^ ^ ii . r ' The Roses of Health come 
 
 gunsmiih. But suppose that, from some ; to the cheeks 
 
 cause or other, this is not the case, do \ through the daily use of 
 
 not be tempted to put your powder in the | 
 oven to dry : this is a very risky experi- ' 
 
 ABBEY'S 
 EFFERVESCENT SALT. 
 
I'l 
 
 ^I'OKTS (,y (,RKA||.;|< iiruain. 
 
 ;■' -;''■"">■ .-".i i.. s,.n.,„s ,|.„,a,, ,„„„„ ,,„,|,^,„ 
 ;;,'.''"" '"" ""■■■' l>.rfe..Hy aiMiKlu , in ..„, and plun-e 
 
 :,.':,::"«"" •""■ ■■■- •»■" "'■^-«. - -'>• ,,. ,.oj,,.d .,>. ,he 
 
 I -I KM \ )•, I 1 1.. steam ,L;aui;f. 
 
 I .a,,,,.,! ,-,„„|„,|r IIK.S.. ranarks .i.l.oul one word a., l„ ,he 
 
 ■'"■ A, |,„.s,.n, „ ,„a> >u.|||„. said ,l,a, ,!,„ ..Sh„l„" " K (■ » 
 „ IHT,. „ „,av l„, Uu. .aso, l„„ ,akc ,ny advice, and when 
 
 i . V ,;;;:' "7 't "' '--^""'^ i-- "■■""" » — .-.i-ie 
 
 -H.k. .... ■«ns,,|,K.n,l,.„nadan,^day y„„ a,v al.lc- ,o „, ,„ur 
 "'■"■I. '" il.. M . In snpporl „f ,l,is ar^unK-ni il is only nt-ccsarv 
 
 „::";,:■ ■,i:: ^"' -"v-^' '"^>™ ■*- - i-.ia„d a:n; 
 
 I '"l^r.. and tic al„,„. a,v „,,n ,|,a, oil-times have /•, ooo at 
 ..:.l<.- ;>.. . s,„,,,e .,,„, , ,„ „„, , ,„^ themselves ;i,;ri,u 
 eoniliined nith outside lu'ltors. 
 
 lo ..m.Nne d,e ptaetical with the tlteoretieal. let tts now fancy 
 ■> I- '!.c- h, t ol Noven.her. an.l tha, we a,e leavint- one of the 
 
 ::;;::;',;;'■;:'''"- ""•'•"-■■^ ■.«'.-" n,iiesfro.„'u.::' 
 
 ^Mlll WMK h U is c-oniu'cted )\- a l••lilu•^^• tl, ■ ■ , ,• 
 
 '-'-1 "N a iaiiua\, the onoma iiieofwhieh 
 '"; "'7:^"' ""'"■'" "■'"■"■t-l, •■ I h-e,„ titne to ^o to tow b 
 ■"". - n,o,-n,n,, so „,nst jttst htnrv „p and walk- ,1, „ 
 
 -• .i^.U»e ha.e had a ,ood b.eakfast, whieh, l,y d, , J" 
 ■".l;"-r..n....en, will eondnee tnost „,ate,iallv to v„ ,r ' ha 
 l,nn„„, ,ack a ,ood l.a,. and have neither fot.ott;.,, ,„„ , 
 Md.« o. other ,-e„.,s,tes : all of wh.eh thtngs have' been h,™ 
 
 ABBEY-S I ■',' '"""' "■'■"' '" '-■"iigh'.-'"«.-d Montreal, let 
 
 : Eftervescent Salt, "'"■■ "'^'■"""■"W "disthrestful-coi,„trv. Ue 
 
 • the Foundation J"^*' '""'^'' ''"^ ''tat little withy bed across the 
 
 i __ of Health. 'nd«e. Xow. voting ones, has it entered vour 
 
 ~"' ''™' "■'"' "1'^' yo" are likely to .ceet' on 
 
SPORTS OF GRKATKR BRITAIN. 17 
 
 such ground, and therefore what cartridges to have in your gun ? 
 This ought to be your first ihou.^ht when loading, and having put 
 cartridges into your gun, remember what size shot is in eacii barrel, 
 and do not be like a certain young Englishman in India, who, in 
 starting out alter snipe, was warned to be sure and keep a ball in 
 one barrel, in case of coming across any wild animals, and who, 
 when a snipe got up, unfortunately discharged the barrel containing 
 the ball first, leaving only a charge of No. lo shot to withstand the 
 attack of a wandering panther. A friend who identified the collar 
 and boots at the coroner's inquest, when the latter commented on 
 the terrible result of such a mistake, was heard to murmur, " Ah, 
 but he killed the snipe, anyway." History deponelh not if the 
 remains of the snipe were as large as those of tlie individual who 
 caused its death. Mais revenons a nos moiitons : — Snipe is the 
 bird we expect now. We have No. lo shot in the first and No. 8 
 or 6 in the second barrel. If you can see this little piece of ground 
 by the river just as I have it noy in my mind's eye, you will know 
 that when the first bird gets u[), it is a case of now or never, so let 
 drive, and do your best to kill. In a case like this there is no time 
 to ponder, for apart from having to shoot through the willow trees^ 
 you have also to contend against the natural instinct of the bird, 
 which teaches it to do all it knows to get out of the way of the 
 shot. 
 
 Now a snipe is not, for a young sporcsman, the easiest bird 
 to bring to bag ; for its very squeak, or whistle, or whatever sound 
 it makes is called, is calculated to upset his nerves and so prevent 
 his killing the bird at wliat I, personally, consider the easiest time, 
 that is, just as it rises ; and, that time having flown — and the bird 
 with it — it becomes a ditificult question when to shoot, for this bird 
 has a knack of executing a greater number of gyrations in a given 
 space than any mathematician could calculate. This being so, it 
 is needless to tell the young sportsman that having missed the 
 golden opportunity, and wasted his charge on the air, it is best for 
 him to wait till the bird has finished its 
 
 mad gyrations, and pauses a second before 
 commencing its legitimate flight ; the diffi- 
 culty then lies in judging whether it is still paration*. 
 within range or not. To be a judge of 
 
 B 
 
 Abbey's Effervescent 
 Salt is a health-giving, 
 health-preserving pre- 
 
>l'"l; 1^ <|| (;|;k\ti.;k |;ki r.\l\. 
 
 f ''"";■" '^ •■' ■'"''• '/'">^'^on t.) a ,,,hm! sportsman, l.t-causc it would 
 ''""'''>' '' ■ I"" '"""^■'" "i>"w-.M cidiNuratclv Irt drive into a 
 ■^""'l""'l I'.nlsonihcoirrhan.vof l,nn,,iM^r ,„„ to l.a^r, and the 
 ;■'■■••'""•)■ of wonndn,:,^ s.„„r. A ..in-. arnVr of this kind oudit to 
 •y ■''•^^•^•^■^^'•'1 "■' iH^half nl thr Son.ly for the iMwenlion of 
 (nid.) to .\nn„als. To iuW^r of distan.v. Irt thr "shoo-isf lire 
 alany(;l.j,rtlhal n,avst,ik.. hin,, at th. edge of water, when he 
 ^y" - =' - "- -<• :. lanlv ,ood pattern of the cl^ar^e, and will 
 also l)e al)le to measure the (h^taner 
 
 I I'ust mv rra.lers will torsive me this lon^ di^rrssion 
 our start, n,u ponu "A i ),, 's Shoolin,^" -hut 1 am Mire you 
 
 arc latlurs, at anv ral 
 
 from 
 who 
 
 •<■, ^vlll )int .^rud-,. anvspaee I may take up, 
 li.- ly, n, tea. h,n^ ,hc. youn^^ ,dea the vah.e of salety in the carryin- 
 
 olthe,un.nnd.s,.eondlv, n, nurcasing the , hanees of his bringing 
 you home a rfspcit,dilc ha j-. 
 
 ':!:•';-■;.;'■'■"">'"'—. "Jn.k," our keeper, shouts "Mark; 
 '""'^•.. '''Y^ '^ "" -'-i^^" "'"i^^ -lipe, yer honor, an.l, hy 
 jahers, ,i ynu d..n , kill it, ifs the wor.t look Til give you - \\\. „o 
 
 °V"''''" "^' ""'"■' ' '"- •""■• ^'^ -'^"''^ ^-'^ti^'^ meanin^^\ 
 solitary >n,pe(6-,,/y/;.,,,. ,;;.,/;.., uhieh is nearly twiee as ian^^.s 
 
 anonhnaryone. and hy a .hoo„ng n.an is e^nsidere.l as .,^at a 
 i>r./easa-(;,lK.n,u- trout lo a llshing man. (1 will not stake my 
 existence as to the ri.ht spelling of this word.) - \h„k ' hu.h - 
 U IS u.ry easy to put the laUer word on paper. Ini, it .vrtaiuly 
 does not convey ,h.. meaning that an evated Irishman would wish 
 
 ~./T''""'^''':'7'" ^•'■^'^'"-■•i-yare,al>out lour hundred 
 1;"^' ^;"" "■-' "'"' '''^^'^'^ "P. -idently frightened hy our shot 
 ^""'. ""• "''-^- ^'^.-••■^ ^^^ "^-'"^ All Hat country, nu chance of 
 '7^''"''^'"^ "^""- -^'^^ ''•■'I'PV though,. Mack, how long ^yilli, 
 '':'"V^'^^"'' "^^''•■'-'^MDcr,)- "<.uarterofanhour, 
 i , ';'-^'^;- -'^•-- -'i- l''^" --^nd two uunutes more to make sure 
 and then let the dog go up the river.' It has .-ome off as wished 
 for; we were at our station in time to have two barrels into' the 
 
 Salt 'ic^ilc of the stream. Did we get them 
 
 Re'ams and Regains ^^'' "^"^ '^ happened we only got two 
 
 Health. '»'!'' ^^itli each barrel : this is ^^y not 
 
 - shooting into the "brown,"' a practice 
 
Sl'cikl^ Ol (.lil'.AIKk IlKIIAIN. I() 
 
 whirh hriiiL^s so inanv otherwise good shots to L^ritl. I hear 
 sonicoiu- snyii\n : " W hv did In- tell his mnn to send his doL; alon^ 
 the ri\er, ;iMd not t'H the man to i;() himself?" SiivipK', m\ 
 enqiiirinu; hieiid. I iiiav tfll yoii Ihf wild duck is a wily hinl \ery 
 ituu'h so and had ihnt man shuwii himsilf at all, tlh'\' wmuM ha\t.' 
 hecii II)) and awa\ al!o;^ctluT, whercjis with a dot; eominu alon^;. 
 they sim|iK' .^et up and sail (|i;i(tl\ np the middle oftlir stream. 
 
 "Now, lack, whereto? ho \()U think thiae's a ch.inei' of a 
 grouse if we skimmed the side of the mountain and then took a 
 boat hack to thi' ( "iare shore ?" " Nmw, \er hunor, would \ou \)c 
 after leidinL^ a poor man asihray alther grouse in Xox'emher? Ach. 
 now, ihe n.isk will ni\er hould onl !" "Never mind, jack, its all in 
 the d;i\'s work," and ha\-,nLi; ccjiisoled him tluis far we set off for 
 till' mountain side. We liad not got fardier than the edge of tlu- 
 first co\er( and I may point out to those who do not know, that 
 there are really good cowrts, in hlocks, on the sides of most 
 Irish iriouniains when jack in his best Irish whis|) r hlurted out, 
 " Look !" 1 did look, and saw that h\- certain signs we'll known to 
 real sportsmen, men as I ha\e said who not onl\' go out shooting, 
 hut also study the hahits of birds there were, or had bi-en, 
 woodcoi'k about. 
 
 Now, those who go out and make tlu'se wonderful liags of 
 "rock" in the Lcnver I'ro\inces, and as it has been returned to me, 
 never miss a shot, "dress up'' and let us havi' a good look at \oii. 
 'These are the sort of men that tlu' late 1'. '!'. liarnum would have 
 showai as natural curiosities -for indeed they are. though the\' do 
 not know it. Now, those wlu) talk like this, how would tlu.'y like a 
 man to count their ( artridgi's in the morning, go with them through 
 the day, return and count both what ore left and the proceeds of 
 cartridges shot off i^ This trial is of course fair enough for cock 
 shooting, where you do not very oftiai kill mork than one bird at a 
 shot ; and if practised you will find \()ur ingenuit) pretty well 
 taxed to make the two accounts tall\'. Mark I'wain, wcjuld, I think, 
 rail this " sarcism ;"" but, my readers, m\- 
 
 readers, my (-onscieiice will \iot allow me Abbey's Ellervescent 
 
 ' Salt 
 
 to let the fanciful tales i)romulgated by _ ,, 
 
 , , , . , Cures as well as 
 
 these sportsmen go unchallenged. .A boy Prevents Disease. 
 
 may go out for tht' fust time, and being of 
 
ao 
 
 SI'ORTS <)|. (IRKATKk ItKITAIN. 
 
 a iKjrvoiis disposition, in fact nearly afraid to piill tlic Irij^gcr, may 
 Im or miss as the case may be ; l,ut it is our "swagger man "' who 
 on missing a shot s.ys " too far ; ought not to liavc shot !" -and in 
 this way he accounts (or his wasted cartridges. Take it from me, 
 and il not satisfied go haci< forty years, which will take vou heyond 
 my own personal prejudices, and you will find that even' then a man 
 was duhbed an ass if he made any excuse at all in shooting I 
 grant you the sluKHer may he right, and he may ,,rove it to his 
 own satisfaction, l.ut the odds are very much against his convincing 
 others. This IS an old adage: "The proof of the pudding is in 
 the eating." 
 
 I have seen some of the best shots in England perform with 
 the- gun (and it must be remembered that ordinary partridge 
 sho<n.ng thc'ie, off the stubble or out of the turnips, is about 50 per 
 cent, easier than shooting cocks in Canadian coverts), and tliough 
 1 may have seen one or two men have an e.xceptional day when 
 they have literally missed nothing, still it is those very men who 
 will tell yoti ihat tl;is is more by luck than good judgment. 
 
 iUit, to return t<. our own shooting. Though we have seen 
 signs ol woodcock, do not let us be too certain that we shall find 
 any. 1 his bird, being essentially nocturnal, feeds at night, frer.uent- 
 ing then those mo.si places most likely to provide its natural food • 
 whereas m the dav, when il does the greater part, if not all its' 
 sleeping, it betakes itself to a drier and maybe thicker covert out 
 of which U IS not much use to try to get it without the aid of do'^s- 
 Sussex spaniels for choice. We have this particular morning only 
 an Irish water spaniel, of not much use for covert shooting What 
 .s to be done? Then the ever ready (ack comes to the fore • 
 " U hist now, good luck to you, don't you mind what a blow we had 
 early this morning ; the birds will be all in the heather on the 
 mountain side.- I may here remark that the coverts on the 
 mountainsides in Ireland consist partly of high trees, interspersed 
 ^s-n^^^^^hckihovn, laurel, holly and juniper, all favorites of the 
 
 Abbey's Effervescent [ ^ ^ "" '^""^^ ^'^"^'^ ^'"^ '^^ disturbed by 
 
 Salt will keep you in "" continual falling of leaves, twigs, etc., 
 
 good health. | '"'"^''^ t^it; higher trees that they prefer to 
 
 ' ^''^'' ^'^^i"" ""tist in greater comfort amongst 
 
SI'dlMS OK (;KK.\'IKU IIRIIAIN. 2 1 
 
 the heather and ft-rn. Jack was right, the cock were there ; but, as 
 it ahvays hap[)iiis on a windy day, were prcity wild, and wanted a 
 lot of kilHng evL-n in the open, so we only bagged nine iielwien us. 
 I lake it tliat no bird is so often missed as the cock, not only 
 because it sonietinies [)resents the most ditticult shots, but again 
 from the very fact that every now and then it gives us such an easy 
 one, that we are careless and miss it on that account. Hefore 
 leaving this bird 1 would caution young sportsmen as regards this 
 easy shot. If it is an easy one, and there is no very thick covert 
 near, give the bird a little law, so that it shall not be mangled. 
 Again, should }ou be shooting with any one, be sure never to shcjot 
 "jealous," that is to try to get the bird down before your friend, 
 the shot being properly his, just for the sake of being able to brag 
 of tile size of your bag at the end of the day. No, if it is his 
 shot let hin) have noTii his barrels, and then " wipe his eye '" if 
 you can. One more "wrinkle" -woodcock and snifje get up 
 against the wind - '' 7'<r' z^. .?<?/>."' 
 
 Having had a little lunch (too big a one is a great mistake), we 
 
 make our way to that favorite marsh where we know we shall be 
 
 sure t(^ have a couple - or may be more- shots at duck or teal. 
 
 Having chang(-d our cartridges — knowing w^ shall only see sni[)e on 
 
 the wav and fearing we shall be tempted to shoot and so disturb 
 
 the larger birds -we, in about a (|uarter of an hour, arrived at our 
 
 destination, a swamp about sixty )ards wide — a nice width for a 
 
 gun to walk each side —covered up with high flag grass, ^\'e do 
 
 not go with the wind now, but keep it as dead in our faces as 
 
 possible. We have not gone fifty yards when up gets an old 
 
 mallard, (piacking as hard as it can to give warning of danger. It 
 
 is no good shooting too far, so hurrying on, we come right upon 
 
 three more, whic-h get u\) between us and lake a bee line over 
 
 Jack, so that I am unable to slioot, and he. when just pulling, finds 
 
 himself over his knees and gradually sinking in a " (juaking bog." 
 
 Not understanding Irish I cannot give the meaning of the 
 
 expressions made use of by him whilst 
 
 extricating himself. In some places these ' No other preparation j 
 
 .same "bogs" are verv dangerous, and i i;/>f ^^^^''^ " ^« 
 
 ^ ^ ' , . , Abbey 8 Etiervescent 
 
 make it unsafe to go out shooting alone, 
 
 ^\'hat with the talking and laughing, we 
 
 Salt. 
 
Sl'OK IS OF C.kliA I F.k llkll WIN. 
 
 iievLT not a sliol at the ducks, l)ut (.ventually managed to get 
 three teal and a l)iid I never saw Ijefore, a pochard or dun bird 
 (the latter name from the color of its eye). I'or culinary purposes 
 it is said lo be almost as good as the famous canvas-back of the 
 United Staies ; but never having eaten the latter 1 cannot speak 
 from experience. IJefore leaving the marsh on our way home, we 
 picked up a couple of moor hens, something like the coot out 
 here. Having made up our minds to be back home in lime for 
 the " flight shooting,'' we did not waste much time. 'I'hough we 
 had a chance of killing a couple of hares, we would not shoot, as 
 they are preserved for coursing. We made up by shooting three 
 couple of snipe and a couple of golden plover on the way back. 
 
 Leaving our game bags at the house, we hurried up to the 
 top of the hill at the back of the village to be in time tor the 
 evening shooting, and took our stations wailing for the ducks, 
 which come over this hill in hundreds from the large lakes, to feed 
 in the meadows below, 'lo be a good night for this sport, the 
 wind should l)e blowing dead against the ducks, which will make 
 them come o -r at a reasonable height, whereas on a still night they 
 are so high t> it with so little light you are unable to see them. To 
 my mind this is by far the hardest kind of shooting there is, for in 
 the first place it is hard to see the bird, and then it is harder still to 
 judge the distance, though if you i a\ see the bird the chances are 
 It IS well within shot. And again, every now and then you get a 
 severe fright by a lluck of teal "swishing" by within five yards, and 
 (lying so close to the ground that it is im[)ossible to see them. 
 Still, if it is the hardest, it is the most exciting shooting t)ne can 
 have, though it lasts far too short a time— half to three-cjuarters of 
 an hour ac the outside. 
 
 On this particHilar evening we had a fairly good wind-up to our 
 ilay, i)agging four ducks, three widgeon and a teal, and losing one 
 duck which we heard fall behind us. .So ended an enjoyable 
 sporting day, as all days of that description are in Ireland. 'I'he 
 
 rru 7-, ' „' '^^''^^"" ''"■ this is simple enough, it lies 
 
 The daily use of ;,, ,u,, ,.„,■ , ,■ \ ■ ^ 
 
 Abbey's Ettervescent ' '"'^' "^ '"'^^ >"" ^'"'"^^ ^'''^'' 
 
 Salt will keep your '".''^ "'''- '''''''' \'''' '''^'^'^^■^' "^ •'-''.Ui^'ng. I 
 
 blood pure. "'" "^^ K'^ ^^o far as to say that this was 
 
 — — the worst day I ever had in that country. 
 
si'ORis ov (iRi;Ai i:r kkiiain. 
 
 23 
 
 but certainly it was a lon;^ way from bcinu the l)est. In conclusion, 
 I would ^ive one more piece of advice to all who wish to be s[)orts- 
 meii in the true sense ol" the wcjrd -not pot hunters, (iive an hour 
 e\ery now and then to reading good books as to the habits and cus- 
 toms of all things that you are likely to shoot at. 1 grant you one 
 pound of practice is worth a ton of theory, but still, one who starts 
 with even a slight theoretical knowledge, and by careful jjraciical 
 research imjjroves that knowledge, will in the end be in a far better 
 position than one who, though he has lived in the woods all his life, 
 simply carries his gun to fill his pot. 
 
 In this article on shooting 1 have endeavored to teach the young 
 idea "how to shoot," not only theoretically, but also practically. I 
 know there are many things I ha\'e missed, and before closing I will 
 try and place them. I'irstly, I must put before you that it is wrong 
 to shoot jF.Ai.oisLN', for in doing so you will not only offend your 
 companion, but you will most likely injure your own shooting by 
 being in too great a hurry to shoot first. When you feel sure of 
 having hit a bird, never take your eye off it whilst it is possible to see 
 it, for you never know when it will fall. Very often, if it is hit in the 
 head or spine, it will fly off a short distance as if nothing was the 
 matter, and then go u[) some height in the air and fall stone dead, — 
 99 times out of a 100 you will find it o\ lis i-.ack. As nature has 
 endowed birds with wings, it is, to say the least, far more sportsman- 
 like to allow them to use them, and shoot them Hying and not sitting; 
 though I have n( doubt that there are those in this town who would 
 act as the Frenchman, who. when out pheasant shooting in ICngland, 
 upon being cautioned by a friend not to make such a lAix pas as to 
 shoot one of the birds whilst running in front of him, remarked, 
 knowingly: " Non 1 Non '. My dear sare, I will not do that, I will vait 
 till he do stop ! " Remember always to see that your gun is pro[)erly 
 cleaned, more especially if you have been shooting near salt water. 
 
 Most young shooters having put up birtls out of range find 
 great diitlculty in marking them down, or rather in marking tliem 
 
 down sufficientlv well to be able to put them , 
 
 up again. In the first i)lace some point ! Abbey's Effervescent 
 should be noted past which you think the 
 birds dropped, and another straight behind 
 you : this will give the dinnuion. As regards 
 
 Salt IS a standard ' 
 English preparation. 
 It's use gives health. 
 
■il 
 
 t i 
 
 ' ■ 'I 
 
 ^4 STORTS OI- OKKATER URITAIN. 
 
 distance, it is nearly safe to say that the bird has pitched farther away 
 than you thought. In any case, never think the bird has pitched till 
 you see him stop in his flight and llap his wings ; which all birds 
 must do before they can alight on the ground. 
 
 Above I have written regarding looking after and trying to gather 
 wounded birds; but do not ccnnniit that awful sin of going to look 
 for birds you know in your heart you have never touched. I fancy 
 I can hear some one say "a man would never be such a maniac as 
 that; what on earth would he do it for?" And I answer there are 
 hundreds that do it; and the reason is that they do not want their 
 companions to think that they have missed, and so make up a lie, 
 and waste half an hour's valuable time, all because they have not the 
 common honesty to own to a miss. 
 
 As I have tried to jioint out, there is a vast difference between 
 practical shooting and theoretical shooting-or, rather, "aiming ' 
 ihere i., m reality very little difference between the paces of birds • 
 though the larger birds seem to rty slower; yet a duck, for instance' 
 Hies as fast, it not faster, rhan one of our ordinary beach birds; and 
 to carry my argument still further, a wild goose, or, still better, a wild 
 swan will out fly all its sm.ller brethren. As regards this matter of 
 pace, there ,s one bird th;,t I personally think flies with a greater 
 velocity than any bird of corresponding weight, which is the grouse 
 when driven for shooting purposes. Tmie after time this bird has 
 been proved to compass a distance of three miles at the rate of 70 
 mi es per hour. Now, theoretically, what chance has one of killing 
 a bn-d g.mg at this pace:> It is perfecllv absurd for any man 
 however good shot he may be, to give his advice in print. The 
 truth -s, that a man who kills these birds does it intuilivclv, and if 
 asked why or how, will reply, " \\\\l I .over the bird, give the uun 
 a t.p, and there it is, < don't you know I' ' And that >s just where 
 It IS : ,t smiply being that the eye and the hand go together, 
 
 ^' '' "" ' '"y ^^^" '^';- ^ ''--^t-class shot like Sir Ralph i'ayne 
 
 , ;- , (ualway, who has been writing letters on 
 
 lor the mormnff I ^h,,nt-nn ;., -// / -j 
 
 after the night be- "'"^.'" ^^" ^'""^^ ''' t^'" "y<n'ng 
 
 foie" use ABBEY'S "^"'^ters they must \]rr so many feet or 
 
 Iffervescent Salt. ^''"''^'^ ''i front of a bird; but he has left 
 
 ^"^ ^"^' '^'-'i'l '"'Htor in his instructions, 
 
"% 
 
 SI'ORTS OK GREATKK ISRIIAIN. 
 
 25 
 
 namely, how they are to measure that same distance, — again, in his 
 letters, though addressed solely to "young shooters," I feel confident 
 that should he read this remark he will agree with me that the 
 diagrams relating to the flight of birds are far too theoretical for the 
 purpose intended. 
 
 Has the young shooter ever taken into consideration the time 
 that elapses between the fall of the hammer and the exit of the shot 
 from the muzzle ; and, again, between the resolve on his part to pull 
 the trigger and its actual accomplishment ? Now, putting it at the 
 hundredth part of a second in each case, a bird flying at the rate of 
 forty miles an hour will have flown about 14 inches after the aim of 
 the shooter has been taken ; the killing of this bird is a conclusive 
 proof that not only did the shooter take aim, but also that the eye 
 and hand worked together in giving that little swing to the gun, 
 coinciding with the speed of the bird. It must be borne in mind 
 that I am speaking now of a quick shot : how much more finely must 
 the distance be calculated by one who dwells on his aim ? 
 
 I will— I trust for the good of the pul)lic at large— once more 
 refer to the use of guns with safety, by giving a few golden rules : — 
 When shooting with a stranger, always get on his right side, as a gun 
 is more often pointed to the left than to the right when being carried. 
 Bear in mind it is not always from wanton stupidity — such as getting 
 over a fence with the muzzle pointed straight at the back of your 
 companion, or pointing the gun in joke— that accidents happen, 
 unless with downright idiots, who should shoot together, with a view 
 to their speedy mutual extermination. It is more often the case in 
 the excitement of the shooter, who, in his anxiety to kill game, forgets 
 to notice his companion. 
 
 Always treat a gun as if loaded and at full cock. 
 
 Though you may be a careful shot yourself, always keep a sharp 
 eye on your brother sportsman, so as to give a wide berth to those 
 who flourish guns about like watering-pots. 
 
 Before commencing shooting always look 
 through the harrels, and also do so if a mis-fire 
 occurs. 
 
 Finally, strive to not only have the reputa- 
 tion of beiiiL: a "good shot," but moreespet'ially 
 
 ABBEY'S 
 
 Effervescent Salt, 
 
 the Foundation 
 
 of Health. 
 
1 
 
 26 
 
 spokis OF oRKA-n-.K i:ki'r.\i\. 
 
 lii 
 
 that of being an undLiiiahly safe one : for all shooters will agree with 
 me that the iiumher of shots one sees fired in a year that w/i,^/// have 
 been dangerous, and ^//o-/// lo have worked miseliief, are far more 
 nmiieroi's than pleasant. 
 
 I trust these few ren)arks may indi'ce my readers to become 
 "safe shots," when they will stand far more chances of invites to 
 prosecute the S[)ort they love. 
 
 To those of my readers who are fond of duck shooting, there is 
 no better [)lace to go within easy djstance' of Montreal than from 
 Sorel to Three Rivers, and I can strongly advise brother .sportsmen 
 to make the Dufresne Motel at 'I'hree Rivers their headquarters. 
 Mr. Dufresne is iliat god-send to sportsmen--a man who will listen 
 to hard-luck stories. 
 
 The Foundation of Strength '< 
 ,'iC:\ 1 is Health. ^_ 
 
 <^ ABBEY'S ^^ 
 
 ^^ I KFFERVLSCENT SALT ^^' 
 I is the Foundation of Health 
 
1 
 
 iiJiliii W?ilL 
 
 Three l^ivers, Que. 
 
 FIRST-CLASS ACCOMMOnATION 
 FOB SPORTSMEN.. 
 
 F. DUFRESNE, 
 
 Proprietor. 
 
 The Russell 
 
 OTTAWA. 
 
 F. X. St. Jkcques. 
 
 PROPRIETOR. 
 
! I| 
 
 I 
 
 ,,1 
 
 Photographs ! 
 
 The NEW STYLES for 
 this Season are the . . 
 
 "BM'B MiMf/ 
 
 A Patented American Process 
 of great beauty. 
 
 WI '" ^MMi/ 
 
 A New Shape on the fashion- 
 able Green Mounts, and 
 
 SEVERAL OTHER NDVELTIEB. 
 
 '^^\^>^, 
 
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 You are invited to inspect the above 
 at our Studio. 
 
 k 
 
 ■^■5 
 
 14 Phillips Square. 
 
 O We are now taking orders for Xrnas delivery 
 and_ can give more time and attention than dnring the 
 Holiday rush. 
 
? 
 
 FOOTBKL.L-. 
 
 ^^•^ 
 
 the following I cannot lay claim to much originality of 
 subject matter in the work, since nearly everything that 
 there is to be said al)out the game of Football has been 
 said before, still I trust that these remarks on practical 
 lines may prove of interest. 
 
 I have pre-supposed on the part of my readers an 
 elementary acquaintance with the game, so have given 
 no definition of the game itself, and have eschewed all 
 
 reference to the ancient history of the game, and simply start with 
 
 the 
 
 , DKVELOl'MENT OK THE I'LAV. 
 
 We need not pause long to discuss the much-abused shoving 
 matches of the days when twenty aside were played. They have 
 gone never to return, regretted by none, unless perhaps by the 
 modern half-back when he dreams of the glorious chances he would 
 have if the forwards, and especially the wing-players, would only 
 continue to entangle themselves as inextricably as of yore. In 
 justice, however, to the players of that day, we may observe that they 
 held their jjroper place in the evolution of the game. 
 
 The change from twenty to fifteen aside, which was started by 
 club secretaries because of the difficulty of putting twenty men into 
 the field, was officially adopted in 1877, at the request of Scotland. 
 A more open style of play naturally followed, which was so much 
 appreciated that the laws were soon altered to suit it by insisting on 
 the ball being put down immediately it was held; and this led to the 
 increase in the number of three-tjuarter-backs, first from one to two, 
 with two full-backs, and then to three, with 
 one full-back -in other words, three-quarter- 
 back became the main line of defence against 
 the rush of opposing forwards. Meanwhile 
 the advantages of passing the ball were 
 
 The Roses of Health come 
 
 to the cheeks 
 through the daily use of 
 
 ABBEY'S 
 EFFERVESCENT SALT. 
 
30 
 
 Si-OKIS Ol- liUh A I IK i;kii \i\. 
 
 
 
 
 lK'comiii_L; ,i|)i);irciit, ;iii(l n sxstciii oi' sIktI I'assinL'. nmonj^'st the 
 forwards only, u,is hroi'-ht to ;i consiilcmlilc pitch o\ prifrction l)y 
 a few (liil)s. 
 
 Many chil-s adopted the passiii- L,'nmr without I'tillv tmdcr- 
 slaiKhn- the [)iincipK-s ot it, and ccitainlx without iindcrstandiiiL; 
 that It -ocs hand in hand with the (hihhlin- .name, and tliat to liavc 
 aci|nirrd ihc first withoiiL the scrond i^ at \hM onI\ halt" thr haltlc, 
 and is hkrly to i;nd in total dchat. 
 
 'I'hc splendid jjossiMlities in the way of ronihination and of 
 passiiiLi witl) tlic frfi afloidrd !i\ the drihhlin.i; ,^;i!ne ha\X' ncxxa \rt, 
 so far as we ;nv auan^, hern I'lilly woi krd onl. 'I'liis (le\L'!oi>iii,Mit 
 of the pl.i\ we hope to see taken in hand 1)\ some eoinjietent team 
 nnd l)i()ii-ht to a stale of perfection in the near future. 
 
 < .\I'IAI\(\ . 
 
 It is not IK-rhaps full\- apj)reciate(l as yet that the captain of a 
 football te;nn holds just as dilVK ult and responsihle a \)o>l as the 
 captain of a cricket team. The same sort of (lualities ait- reiiuired 
 tor both, and both -el in the c-ourse of a match those oi)enin-s for 
 the displav of -.aieralsliii) which ofU'ii decide the mal(-h. A bad 
 captain nnxses the cpi.ortunities ; a -o<h1 one seizes them in one 
 game no less than the cnher. In both -ames -ood captains are 
 rare ; but more so in football than in cricket, because piod cricket 
 has been played so much lon-n- than -ood football, that the 
 traditional knouled.-c of the game, as it should be plaved, is more 
 widespr.ad. In Riigbv football, at anv rate, the Veallv great 
 ca])tains are lew and far between. 
 
 .^mce. houever, it is ;, ,-///,• ,;ua noii thai he should be as well 
 versed ;n the theory as in the pra.'iice o: the game, we must 
 end.^avor to point out the neee.s.sary ciualifirntions lor anv one who 
 means to become a first. rate captain. To beuin with, he; should 
 know .ill the rules bv heart -not only the ruK's of play, but also 
 
 _ tl^^^ ,-,il,.^ ^overnin^ umpiiresand referees 
 
 ! Happiness is the outcome because with him hes the dutvof making 
 
 ttrlefAr„^^-• "-•— "'''-'-^-' -■ -"'> 
 
 of Abbey's Effervescent^ i-q)ressing all unwarrantable appeals on 
 Salt. j '''^" I'-T'l ''f lii^ men. If this elementary 
 
 " pre<-aution was taken b\- all captains 
 
 ^t-' 
 
si'uk i> (iK (,Ki-..\ri;k i;ki iain. 
 
 3' 
 
 we mijj;lit hope to sec less of the hickeriiiii and wrani^linj^ which 
 ate still far too prt.'valenl at the jjresi'iu time. 
 
 Ai'tei lh(jrouL;hly inasteriii;^ all the laws, our captain iimst next 
 niaki; up his mind as to what st)le of play he means his team to 
 adopt, and hy personal inslrui lion, hodi on the field ol play and 
 off it, he must see that his nun full) understaml that sl\le and (any 
 it out in all its dilails. Ol course his selection of a style may 
 he limited hy the traditions of his cluh, if those traditions are 
 sjunti, in wliich i ase he will he wise i^.ot to attempt more than the 
 introduction of any modifications which seem to him necessary ; 
 or again li\ the capacity of the rm n at his disposal. It is his 
 husiness to get out of his nu'u ahsolutely all that tluA- are w()rdi, 
 and a great deal ma\ he di^ne h) skilful education, wilh what lo( ks 
 like poor material at the start ; hut ii is no use to adopt a st) le for 
 which his men are [)hysi( ally unsuited. 
 
 And here we may remaik that it is of the utmost importance 
 that the ';a|)laiii should ha\e the unfettered selection of his team 
 whenever such a course is po.tsihle. 
 
 (Irantcd, then, that tlie captain's power is praclicalh ahs(>lute, 
 after deciding en what is to he ihi' dominant st\le of his team, lie 
 must see that they are ahle to ada[it their si)le to any emergencies 
 that arise owing to variations in the weather, ortiie strength and sl_\ic 
 of teams o])[)osed to him. if, for instance, he has adopted the long- 
 passing game he will prohaM)' luul it useless in wet weather, and 
 must make' his men drihble instead. If he is i)la)ing four thrie- 
 ([uarters and thids that his eight forwards are swamped li\- the 
 opposing nine, he must make his extra tliree-cpiarter go forward. If, 
 when pla\ing against a strong wind, he finds his hacks unahle to 
 cheek the attack of his oi)ponents, he may sometimes l;e justified in 
 playing an extra man behind for the lime, provided that the forwaids 
 can si)are the man ; or, if his team are accustomed to play an offensive 
 game, he may have to make them ado[)t defensive tactiis. su( h as 
 keeping the hall light in the scrunniiage, or punting it constantl)' into 
 
 touch for a while ; hut we hope that no cai)- -^ — 
 
 lain will ever make his team adopt the tight ' Nature's Greatest 
 
 <rame as their regular stvle of pla\-. The 
 ohject of the game is not merely to avoid 
 being beaten, but to win the match, and to 
 
 Gift is Health. 
 Abbey's £t!erve?cent 
 Salt gives H ealth. 
 
im 
 
 
 32 
 
 si'ORT^ oi'' (;i;eaikr iskiiain. 
 
 I 
 
 get as much enjoyment out of tlie process as possible. Defensive 
 tactics are (luite justifiable in special cases, but we should be very 
 sorry to be a member — whether forward or behind — of a team 
 whose ambition was to make a draw of every match, or at most to 
 win by a dropped goal with luck. 
 
 It will thus i)e seen that, as the captain has to use his eyes no 
 less than his head, it is better, if possible, that he should play behind 
 the scrummage. Any [)lace behind is fairly good, but centre three- 
 (juarters is undoubtedly the best spot from which to control the 
 game. If he is playing forward he must either damage the scrummage 
 by keeping his head up, or he must miss many of the points which 
 he ought to see. 
 
 Finally, the more autocratic the ca[)tain is the better, provided 
 that he has tad enough to keep on good terms with his men. He 
 must re{)ress sternly all attempts at "gallery" or illegitimate play, 
 and repiimand any player guilty of egregious blunders in the open 
 game, though as a general rule he had better reserve his expostula- 
 tions until the game is over. If the offenders prove incorrigible, he 
 must give their places to others more amenable to instruction. 
 
 FULL- HACK. 
 
 We will now take ttie positions on the field in order, beginning 
 with the last line of defence. Full-back is an essentially defensive 
 post, and {)rol)ably for that reason good ones are rare. There is 
 undoubtedly more enjoyment to be got out of playing three-(iuarters 
 than out of watching the game with perhaps very little to do at 
 full back ; and the worst of it is that, the better the team in front 
 of you is, the less you will get to do, because a good team does not 
 call on the last line of defence so often as a weaker one. But 
 for all that the post is one of the utmost importance, even in the 
 best team, since no team can hope to keep its opponents and the 
 ball always m front of their three-quarters; and whenever the full- 
 back is called u[.on to act, everything depends on him. This fact 
 
 ought to be sufficient to induce men to take to 
 the post if they have the two necessary qualifi- 
 cations, viz., good tackling and good kicking 
 powers, especially as they have more chance of 
 coming to the front as full-backs than as three- 
 
 ABBEY'S 
 
 Effervescent Salt 
 
 Excites 
 
 the Appetite. 
 
 ^■1 
 
 "•'■''"''- 'finni 'Wi'-"-^- 
 
>i'()Kr> or «'.ri,\iI';k i-.kitmn. 
 
 33 
 
 • jiKirters, of whom there arc already crowds in the field. If a 
 captaii) has not ^^ot a full I tack ready made in his team, the best 
 thing he can do is to j^et the most likely of his three-ciuarters for 
 the work to take the post, and then to keep careful watch that he 
 does not let his old habits as a three-cjuarter get the better of him in 
 his new position. Such a n\an would be es|)ecially liable to the 
 common fault of coming too far u[) the ground. A fullback must 
 always stand far enough back to be able to receive the ball without 
 having to turn round and run after it, at the same time he must not 
 stand so far back that he has to run up to get it after it has jjitched, 
 since either of these positions allows time for the opponent's forwards 
 to come up to him before he has got in his kick. A very little prac- 
 tice will teach him the right position. After he has learnt where to 
 stand, he must then learn to make sure of catching the ball without 
 "muffing" it ; for if he fumbles it at all, he is held to have played the 
 ball, and he thereby puts on-side any forwards who have followed up 
 off-side, and who are bound to give him five yards clear if he catches 
 it true. 
 
 A recent alteration in the laws has added a new danger to 
 fumbling on the part of backs ; for if they touch the ball and then 
 let it cross the goal lint, they are held to have [)assed the ball across 
 their own goal line, in which case the opponents have a right to a 
 scrummage at the spot where they touched it, unless they can bring 
 it out without making it dead. Of course they must also beware of 
 kicking or carrying the ball across their own goal line at all times, or 
 the same penalty is incurred. 
 
 (iranted, then, that our full-back has learnt where to stand and 
 how to catch the ball clean, the next thing that he has to make sure 
 of is getting his kick either a punt or a drop — into touch as tar 
 down the ground as he can. He must find out by ex{)erience how- 
 far he can make sure of kicking in various states of the wind, and 
 aim for touch at that distance ; but he should always bear in mind 
 that he must send it into touch at all costs, as that means so much 
 
 ground gained for his side for the next line 
 
 out : whereas if it pitch in the field of play, Health comes from 
 
 his own men are all off-side and his op- .fl_^ ^^^ 
 
 1 Abbey 8 
 ponents are free to resume the attack at | Effervescent Salt, 
 once. The only exception to tliis rule is, ' 
 
rf 
 
 
 I I 24 SPORTS or C.RKATER HRITAIN. 
 
 if he is near enough to his opponent's goal to try a drop at 
 goal, in whicli case he should always do so, if he has a clear chance. 
 Goals have often been scored in this manner ; but still more often 
 the chance is lost, though one might fairly expect the back to look 
 out for what is practically his only opening for offensive play. 
 
 By far the hardest part of a full-back's work consists in receiving 
 the man witii the ball. If he lets only the ball pass him, it is still 
 possible for him to get out of the difficulty ; but if he lets the man 
 with the ball pass him, it is all up with his side, for the time, at all 
 
 i 
 
 !( events. 
 
 % 
 
 There is one elementary rule about tackling under all circum- 
 stances, and that is, to go at y(jur man low — to aim at the hips and 
 not at the shoulder. In the latter case the tackier can always be 
 shoved and the try is a certainty : in the former case, provided the 
 tackier knows the right moment to go for his man, he is certain to 
 hold him and the ball. But how he knows the right moment is a 
 mystery which wc have never been able to understand. We can 
 only suppose tliat it comes by instinct to some and not to others. 
 It is easy enough to learn to tackle as a forward, where you can go 
 at your man with a rush, but it is ijuite another matter to stand the 
 last man on your side, and to feel that you must bring the runner 
 down at all costs. Some backs seem to exercise a sort of fascination 
 over you, and you feel bound to run into their clutches. 
 
 The only way to elude such a tackier is by passing just as you 
 come to him, unless you have the power of turning when going at 
 full speed. 
 
 If a captain has to choose for his full-back between a good 
 tackier and a good kick, we should certainly recommend him to 
 take the good tackier — a bad tackier will never become a good one, 
 playing at full-back ; wiiereas the worst kick in the world can learn 
 to punt respectably, and punting is an art which is not studied 
 nearly as much as it should be by backs — it is easy to learn, and is 
 1 much safer in wet weather than drop- 
 Abbey's Eflervescent I kicking. If a team possesses a back who 
 Salt is a health-giving, i -^ ^^^^ ^ ^.^^ ^^^^^^^ ^,^^ ^ ^^^ j^i^,^ 
 
 health-preserving pre- 1, ^ ° ., ... . 
 
 norafion I "'^^y ^^^^^ cvevy game with a feehng of 
 
 confidence, which, of itself, goes a long way 
 
 paration. 
 
 M 
 
SPORTS OK OKKATKR HRIIAIN. 
 
 35 
 
 towards victory ; it is for this reason that we have tried to show that 
 tin; importance of tlie post can hardly be overestimated. 
 
 THRKHX^UARTKR-liACK. 
 
 ( doming next to the three-(iuarter-baclcs, the captain has to 
 settle liow many (>f lliem he means to play. Since the introduction 
 ot the open passing game the orthodox number has been three. 
 Hcfore coming to a decision on this knotty ([uestion, the captain 
 must duly consider the pros and cons of the case ; in all ordinary 
 cases three three-quarters ought to be able to defend their line ; it is 
 therefore^ to strengthen the attack rather than the defence that a 
 fourtli is played, consec|uently he must be given plenty to do if his 
 place is to be justified. Now, in a great many teums — in many even 
 of the first rank — even the three-quarters Jo not get nearly enough 
 work given them ; in such teams, the.i, it would be simple madness 
 to have a fourth. In other words, the fourth three-quarter would be 
 worse than useless unless the whole team, and especially the half- 
 ba(ks atid the other three-(iuarters have worked up a system of 
 passing sufficiently reliable and accurate to make sure of the ball 
 reaching him pretty often, otherwise he will play the part of a spec- 
 tator during the game when he might be doing good service in the 
 ranks or the forwards. 
 
 Supposing that only three are played, the next (luestion to be 
 decided is, which of them to put in the centre, and which on the 
 wings. In our opinion, the best player of the three should always 
 be in the centre -mere s[)rinters will do for the wings, if nothing 
 better can be secured ; but the centre must have a head on his 
 shoulders, as he is the man who has not only to bear the brunt of 
 the attack, but also to give the wings their openings, and sometimes 
 to win the match hiniself by dropping a goal. To fulfil these 
 requirements he must throw hnnself witl out hesitation on to the 
 ball at the feet of the opponent's forwards when they are dribbling 
 down upon him — a task which is not half so difficult as it looks, if 
 done fearlessly. He must be equally good at taking and giving a 
 
 pass, that is to say, he must always place 
 himself on the open-field side of the scrum- 
 mage and must warn the half-backs of his 
 whereabouts by calling. The moment he 
 receives the ball he must make for the open, 
 
 ABBEY'S 
 
 Effervescent Salt 
 
 is 
 
 VIVIEIC. 
 
'til 
 
 l^' 
 
 
 i ' 
 
 I 
 
 36 
 
 Si'ftKTS OK (;RK.\l'l<:k liKITAIN. 
 
 I'll 
 
 an 
 
 d, before he is tackled, pass 011 to the wing, who is still 
 further in tlie open, and then l)ack liim up to receive the ball 
 again just before the wing is tackled, and so on until the ball is 
 safely landed over the goal line, as it should be, if the passing is 
 done with precision. Lastly, he must be quick at taking his drop, 
 for as he starts much nearer the forwards than the full-back, he will 
 have to kick from nuicl more difficult positions. In deciding when 
 to kick and when io pass, he will be guided principally by the posi- 
 tion of the [)laycrs on the Held. If he sees a good opening for a 
 series of passes, he should take it in preference to kicking into touch, 
 as being more likely to lead to an immediate score. If, on the 
 other hand, his side is being ])ressed, from his i)osition in the field 
 he will gain more ground than even a full back can for his side by a 
 long kick into touch. 
 
 In wing Lhree-(iuarters, paci; is the first essential, because they 
 should be the first try getters in the team. Their principal work 
 consists of getting into position in the open for receiving passes 
 from the centre, and sometimes direc t from the halves, and then 
 running as hard as they can run. In this way sprinters, pure and 
 simple, have often earned for themselves great reputations ; but a 
 real player will make much more out of the i)ost than the best 
 sprinter. He will not allow himself to l)e run into touch or tackled 
 by the last of his opponents, as the sprinter so often does, but will 
 pass back again whilst still engaging the attention of that last man, 
 and so make a try a certainty for his side. Many a glorious chance 
 of winning a match has been thrown away by wings holding on to 
 the ball just too long, in the hopes of getting through themselves. 
 
 Moreover, n wing's work does not lie solely in scoring tries, he 
 has also to sto[) his opponents from getting through the main line 
 of defence, and this calls for no mean tackling powers, as any 
 runner who reaches that line will by that time l)e going at his best 
 pace, and will have in reserve the power of [)assing or of pretending 
 to pass. The wings should therefore keep well out, so as to cover 
 
 the ground Ijetween the centre and the 
 touch-line, and if they fail to stfOp the baU 
 as well as the man, should at once go at 
 full pace to the help of the full back who 
 may fuid himself in a similar^ difficulty. 
 
 "For the morning 
 after the night be- 
 fore" use ABBEY'S 
 Effervescent Salt. 
 
 it'' -I 
 
 t 
 
SI'OK-l> OF (.RKATI.R ISRIIAIN. 
 
 37 
 
 is still 
 the ball 
 e ball is 
 assing is 
 his drop, 
 :, he will 
 ng when 
 the posi- 
 ng for a 
 to touch, 
 , on the 
 the field 
 side by a 
 
 luse they 
 pal work 
 ig passes 
 md then 
 lure and 
 s : but a 
 the best 
 ' tackled 
 , but will 
 last man, 
 s chance 
 ng on to 
 elves, 
 tries, he 
 [lain line 
 , as any 
 his best 
 etending 
 to cover 
 and the 
 the ball 
 ce go at 
 ack who 
 difficulty. 
 
 In any crisis it is always the duty of one of the tliree-<iuarters to go 
 to the help of the full-back, and it is also their duty to mark and 
 watch carefully any specially dangerous man amongst the opponents' 
 threc-(iunrtcrs. The three-(iuaners undoubtedly have the best of the 
 fun in the modern game, and in return it is their business to win 
 the match either directly or indirectly, But they have a fair right 
 to complain if, as is so often the case, their powers are not called 
 into plav owing to insufficient "feeding" on the part of the half- 
 backs. 
 
 lOUW AR1>. 
 
 Tlie work of a forward can be suitably divided into two 
 branches, play in the open and play in the scrummage. It is given 
 to few -very tew to be equall\ good at both ; but a . .nery player, 
 however good he may be in tlu- ojjen, has to go into "-innnages 
 whether he likes it or not, he can at least learn not to spoil the play 
 of the genuine scrummagers : imd as every scrunuuager has to make 
 a show m the open, he can learn to follow up and to tackle, even if 
 nature has not intended him to shine in the finer arts of passing and 
 dribbling. 
 
 It is only by working on these lines that a captain can hope 
 to overcome the great difficulty of settling what number of each 
 class to have in his team. If he has good men behind, including a 
 pair of halves who know how to pass, he can afford to increase the 
 !unnl)er of forwards for open i)lay, provided always that he retains a 
 modicum of clever scrummagers who know how to bring the ball 
 out to advantage. If bis hnlvi'S are no good at passing, he has to 
 trust to his forwards to make the game loo.se, and he should then 
 aim at a team that can break away in a body with the ball at their 
 feet perhaps the most irresistible form of attack that has yet been 
 devised, If neither his halves nor his forwards can be taught to 
 make it loose, then he and his three-(iuarters cannot hope for 
 anything better than a dull season's i)lay, for it is an axiom that 
 cannot be insisted upon tO(J often, that fast open play constitutes 
 real football, the tight game being strictly 
 limited to the crises oi the game. 
 
 Supposing, first, that the passing game 
 is adopted, forwards nnisi remember that a 
 series of passes is hardly ever brought to a 
 
 ABBEY'S 
 
 Etfisrvescent Salt, 
 
 the Foundation 
 
 of Health. 
 

 \\;: 
 
 i\i 
 
 38 SPORTS OF GREATER HRITAIN. 
 
 successful issue without their aid. It is true that the half-back will 
 start the passing whilst the scrummage is still breaking up, but 
 directly they can free themselves from the scrummage, it is their 
 business to spread out over the ground at some distance from one 
 another, so as to be ready to take up the passing as soon as the 
 three-quarter gets into ditificulties with his opponents. 
 
 The grand secret of good passing lies in accurate backing up— 
 the constant passing forward, which is such a nuisance at the present 
 day, is almost invariably the fault of the l)acker-up. The holder of 
 the ball is bound to pass it into his hands, and if he is only a foot 
 too far forward the game has to be interrupted ; he must, therefore, 
 take the greatest care not to get quite level with the runner, and 
 before he calls for a pass he must lake equal care to see that he is in 
 a better position to make headway than the man in possession. 
 Bad passing is entirely due to the neglect of these axioms. Men 
 get an idea into their heads that they ought to pass at all costs, 
 and that they have a riglit to call for a pass in any position. In the 
 nature of things there nmst always be a more or less open course on 
 one side or the other of a runner, and it is in a line with that course 
 that the backer-up should keep ; whilst another player must do the 
 same for him as soon as he gets possession of the ball. We have 
 already warned him not to get too far forward ; it is ecjually 
 important that he should not keep far behind, as a long pass back is 
 so much ground lost, which has to be made up again before 
 anything is gained. In ideal passing you may zigzag as much as 
 you please, provided that the general direction is towards the 
 opponents' goal. 
 
 If the backing-up is systematically worked, the passing game is 
 quite irresistible in fuie weather, but it suffers from the serious 
 disadvantage that it is liable to break down in wet weather or on 
 greasy ground. Under such circumstances it is very dilficult to 
 catch the ball when passed, and it is to meet this case that every 
 team which plays the passing game should always be able to dribble ; 
 hut it is not enough to have one or two 
 
 The daily use of > good dribblers in the team ; for dribbling to 
 i Abbey 'sEflervescent : ,,^ effective there must be combination. 
 
 By all means let the liest dribbler start the 
 ball, if possible, but he must be backed up 
 
 Salt will keep your 
 blood pure. 
 
 .•* 
 
1 
 
 SPORTS OF GREATER BRITAIN. 
 
 39 
 
 »ack will 
 up, but 
 
 is their 
 'oni one 
 
 as the 
 
 ng up- 
 present 
 lolder of 
 y a foot 
 lerefore, 
 ner, and 
 he is in 
 ssession. 
 Men 
 all costs, 
 In the 
 ourse on 
 It course 
 t do the 
 ^Ve have 
 ecjually 
 s back is 
 1 before 
 much as 
 irds the 
 
 game is 
 ! serious 
 er or on 
 ificult to 
 at every 
 dribble ; 
 
 or two 
 >bling to 
 )i nation, 
 start the 
 eked up 
 
 by all the rest of the forwards in fairly close order, ready to take 
 command of the ball if perchance the leader oversteps it, or if he 
 has to pass it to one side in order to circumvent an opposing back. 
 In this way the ball can be rushed right up to the goal line, but 
 it should be picked up a few yards before the line, so as to make 
 sure of scoring a try. 
 
 This is dribbling as it is at present understood ; but we can see 
 no reason why a team should not take a lesson from the Association 
 game in this matter, and advance in open line, passing right across 
 the ground when necessary. We admit at once that it is far more 
 difficult to dribble with our oval ball than with their round one ; but 
 then we have nine forwards as against their five, and we can cross 
 the line at any point instead of only between the goal-posts. 
 Moreover, under our off-side laws, it is perfectly legal to pass 
 forward with the foot, provided that the backer-up keeps on-side 
 until the Itall has been kicked. On the few isolated occasions when 
 we have seen this plan adopted, the opposing backs were so 
 completely nonplused, that we should confidently predict success for 
 any team which adopted it as a system. 
 
 A few years ago a proposal was made, in the interests of 
 dribbling, to change the Rugby ball into a round one. It was 
 withdrawn m deference to the opinion of old players, who held that 
 the oval shape was essential to long drop-kicking, which has always 
 been one of the main features of the Rugby game ; but if at any 
 time in the future the change is adopted, we very much doubt 
 whether the passing game, despite its attractions, will hold its own 
 against dribbling. As matters stand now it reigns so supreme that 
 with a few exceptions, players need very little exhortation to pass ; 
 a captain has rather to see that it is not overdone. From the 
 spectator's point of view its popularity is no doubt due to the fact 
 that it affords unlimited scope for combination between the backs 
 and forwards ; good coml)ined play being always prettier to watch 
 than flie selfish feats of individuals. 
 
 Turning now to the other great branch 
 of forward play, namely, scrummage work, 
 it must not for a mon\ent be supposed that 
 shoving is all that is wanted. It is a great 
 thing no doubt to get the first shove, and 
 
 Abbey's Ellervescent 
 Salt is a standard 
 English preparation. 
 It's use gives health. 
 
 '€■ 
 
1 <l 
 
 ■^1 
 
 ! 'I; 
 
 :'| 
 
 !' f 
 
 . 
 
 M I 
 
 40 
 
 SPORTS OK GKEATKI'; HR1TAIN. 
 
 for that reason forwards cannot he too (juick in packing; hut 
 scrummage work has heen of late years reduced to such a science 
 that mere shoving will he of very little avail against a team of skilled 
 scrummagers. Most teams have recognized leaders in the scrum- 
 mage, who keep careful watch over the whereabouts of the ball ; the 
 usual plan nowadays being to keep it just behind the first row of 
 legs, so as to retain command of it until the opponents have been 
 worked off it to one side or the other, when with a final effort the 
 scrummage is " screwed " or " swung," and the team breaks away 
 with the ball at their feet. 
 
 It is not sufficient for a team to be able to screw to one side 
 only, they should be ready to take the line of least resistance, and to 
 ensure this it is essential that all i)layers should have their heads 
 down in order to see for themselves in which direction they are to 
 push, and because the\- can push with much greater force in that 
 posit'on than when standing u[). The great points in scrummage- 
 swinging are then to get command of the ball and to keep it, and 
 for all to push in tlie same direction. It is no use trying to screw as 
 long as your opponents have command of the ball. Vou must then 
 use your feet to secure ir for yourselves, and devote your energies to 
 stopping your o{){)oner,ts from screwing you. It is for tiiis purpose 
 that a team must contain enough honest workers to be able to hold 
 the scrummage : for if your opponents rush the scrummages, the 
 play of your backs is discounted, and you are extremely likely to be 
 beaten. If the forwards find that they cannot take the ball out 
 themselves, they must watch for a good opportunity of letting it out 
 to their half-backs : and unless they are near their own goal, or 
 unless they know that their opponents' backs are much stronger 
 than their own, they should try to get it out in one way or the other 
 as soon as may be. I-ong scrummages are at all times uninteresting, 
 and when near the opi)onents' goal are distinctly bad play. l"'or 
 many years there was a feeling against "heeling out," but we have 
 never been able to understand why it should be wrong to pass back 
 
 with the foot when it is admitted to be right 
 
 to pass back with the hand. 
 
 It may perhaps be considered that we have 
 already sketched out suffi. ient work to occupy 
 most of a forward's time : but there still 
 
 ABBEY'S 
 
 Effervescent Salt 
 
 Excites 
 
 the Appetite. 
 
Sl'OHTS OI' c;RKA1KK liKllAlN. 
 
 41 
 
 
 remain the duties of tackling any and every opponent who happens 
 to Ik- in possession of the IniU, of following up every kick-off and 
 kirk-out, and of marking his man at every line-out, with which to fill 
 up his spare moments. It will thus he inferred that no one can 
 hope to be a good forward who is not in good training. We aie no 
 ad>orates for stopping a man's beer or his pipe, we do not want the 
 training of an athlete preparing for a race, but we do hold it to be 
 the imperative duty of every member of every team, however humble, 
 t3 keep in good condition. No doubt some men are much more 
 favorablv situated than others for getting regular exercise ; but every 
 man can find time to use light dumb-bells and clubs, to indulge m 
 an occasional bout of boxing and wrestling, and to go for a sharp 
 walk varied l)v occasional sprints in the evening after his work. W e 
 probably all know onlv too well the inevitable resnlt of neglecting 
 these simi)le measures. .\s the gan.e proceeds the forwards become 
 slow at packing, slower still at coming round to the !)ack of the 
 scrummage : the following up and the tackling become slack, and 
 your stalwarts hnd themselves beaten by men who are their interiors 
 in ev.ry point of physi,]ue. and, it may be, of skill in the game. 
 
 11 IK Kl-.lKRi:i-.. 
 
 The referee is oi comparatively modern growth in the Rugby 
 game • but his iM,wers have been increased so steadily year by year 
 that ii is now no .xaugeration to sav that on him more than on anv 
 siivle individual depends our enjovment of a match. A few bad 
 decisions by the referee are enough to spoil the^ game for players 
 and spertat(Ms alike. Imoiu many points of view the post is a 
 thankless one ; and it certainlv demands no small degree of love for 
 the game on the part of players to make them turn out week alter 
 week to cffKiate for teams who are none too prone to take a 
 charitable view of their best endeavors to be prompt and impartial 
 
 in tlieir decisions. _ 
 
 ■\nv man who is willing to undertake the responsibilities ot a 
 referee must frst be certain that he knows all the laws down to their 
 minutest details, and the interpretation of 
 them in all iheir bearings. He will be wise 
 to carry a rule book in his pocket, both for 
 the inirpose of refreshing his own memory 
 before the match begins, and of convincing 
 
 The Roses of Health come 
 
 to the cheeks 
 through the dally use of 
 
 ABBEY'S 
 EFFERVESCENT SALT. 
 
 -m 
 
n 
 
 It 
 
 42 
 
 SPORTS OF ORKATER BRITAIN. 
 
 1' I 
 
 any captain who (juestions his interpretations on the field. We 
 hold that every player should read up the laws before each season, 
 but that a referee should study them before every match. Novel 
 and unexpected points arise in almost every game, and it is only by 
 constant study that a referee can hope to be prompt with his 
 decisions ; and unless a decision is given promptly it loses half 
 its effect. 
 
 * 
 
 The referee must next realize that considerable activity is 
 required in order to keep level with the ball throughout the game. 
 A referee who strolls after the game in an ulster is quite incom- 
 petent to give a decision on any fine point which may arise in the 
 distance. He should always appear in light marching order, 
 wearing a cap rather than a hat, and he must provide against a 
 possible wetting by bringing a change of clothes with him ; if he 
 does his duty well, there is not the slightest fear of his taking a chill 
 during the progress of the game. 
 
 As a general rule, the referee should keep in a line between the 
 two sets of goal posts, as far as is practicable ; if he finds that the 
 direction of the game is forcing him towards either of the two 
 touch-lines, he must move around to the other side of the next 
 scrummage that is formed, so as not to lose his vantage-ground 
 for judging dropped goals, which cannot be gauged accurately from 
 the sides, and so as to be ready to reach, at the shortest notice, any 
 part of the ground where a sudden move of the game may call for 
 his presence. 
 
 Until the day comes when umpires have been turned into 
 linesmen, the referee has not only to watch the play but also to 
 watch the umpires' flags ; for, excepting in a few cases specially 
 provided for in the laws, he cannot grant a claim without at least 
 one of their flags l)eing raised. It is worth his while to see that the 
 flags are of a suitable color, white being far the best, because it is 
 very hard to see a dark flag against the line of spectators at a 
 moment's notice. He should also see that the whistle is one which 
 
 will carry all over the ground, and he 
 
 Nature's Greatest j should always blow his hardest. Nothing 
 
 Abbey's^Eflervescent ! '' "^^'"'^ '''''^''''^ ^^"" "" f^^^^*^ ''^''''^^' 
 Salt gives Health. ' Practical experience has perhaps made 
 _ . _ yg dwell more strongly on the drawbacks 
 
n 
 
 SPORTS OF GREATER BRITAIN. 
 
 43 
 
 field. We 
 ich season, 
 :h. Novel 
 is only by 
 t with his 
 loses half 
 
 activity is 
 the game, 
 ite incom- 
 •ise in the 
 ng order, 
 against a 
 im ; if he 
 ng a chill 
 
 tween the 
 i that the 
 the two 
 the next 
 e-ground 
 :ely from 
 tice, any 
 y call for 
 
 than on the pleasures of refereeing ; but referees must not forget 
 that they can always rely on the unfaltering support of the Rugby 
 Union Committee, which is fully alive to the difficulties of the work, 
 and which has shown its anxiety to make things easy for them by 
 passing special laws for their guidance and protection, laws to which 
 we attribute largely the undeniable growth of the feeling that a 
 football referee has a right to expect as good treatment as a cricket 
 umpire. The one is as liable to make mistakes a^: the other. They 
 only undertake to act up to the best of their ability, and, having 
 done so, both have an equal claim to respect for their decisions, 
 whether right or wrong. In football, as in everything else, men 
 must learn to stand by their luck without grumbling. 
 
 And now, one word of warning before I close this chapter — 
 one question to those players who hold that football is the greatest 
 of all games. If one of you owned the finest dog which could be 
 placed on a show bench, would you, either with malice prepense or 
 in a milder fit of rage, illtreat that animal to such an extent as to 
 make it an eyesore for spectators ? 
 
 So with your champion game ; would you, as was done last 
 season, by breaking laws both human and divine, so drag football 
 through the mire as to make the game the target for the finger of 
 scorn, and yourselves the recipients of censure from all right- 
 thinking people ? Verb. sap. 
 
 led into 
 also to 
 specially 
 at least 
 that the 
 ise it is 
 )rs at a 
 e which 
 md he 
 'Nothing 
 le. 
 
 s made 
 whacks 
 
 !^ 
 
 \^^ 
 
 Happiness is the outcome i ^^ 
 of Health. Health is » 
 the outcome of the use !^^* 
 of Abbey's Effervescent ^^ 
 Salt. I 
 
ll 
 
 I 'II 
 
 ! :i 
 
 ! I t 
 
 A Liberal and a Conservative 
 Policy for Canada. 
 
 SUCH IS THE FREE ACCUMULATION 
 POLICY OF 
 
 •<' •/■ X y y X y 
 
 A LIBERAL POLICY under 
 CONSERVATIVE MANAGEMENT 
 
 IS BEST FOR THE INSURED AND 
 BEST FOR THE COMPANY. 
 
 THE LIBERAL ADVANTAGES OF THE FREE ACCUMULATION 
 POLICY ARE AFTER ONE YEAR 
 
 1st. 
 
 2nd. 
 
 3rd. 
 
 4th. 
 
 5th. 
 6th. 
 7th. 
 Sth. 
 9th. 
 
 loth, 
 nth. 
 
 I2th, 
 
 '"^'Tf^n.;:^:;?^;'"""'^"^ ™'"'"^ - --• --ice i„ the 
 
 Kreedo";; «f ["i^fnce (excepting in the tropics). 
 
 free.iom of travel excepting in the tropics 
 
 Incontestable with above exceptions. ' ^• 
 Indisputable ,f premiums paid and age admitted 
 
 ncorrect age DOBS NOT forfeit^tl.e pXy ' 
 laid up Insurance after three years ^' 
 
 3oTa;:' '^^'^ ^''^^ "-- y/ars at 6 p.c. interest. 
 
 poi;;;l:^K^-^;;:StS^-nc-:;;^Sa!-°^---'^- 
 
 OrrtCERS OF THE COMPANY. 
 
 V T. President, JAMES CRATHERN 
 
 Vice-Presidents, HON. SIR J a rTTAT=rir*TT 
 
 Medical Exlinet T G RODm4''°^'^'^ ^- ^^^^T. 
 Treasurer and Acting Secretary. a'^J.^^HO^DaSON ' ''•''• 
 
 Genera^anager. DAVID BURKE. A.I.A.. F.S.S 
 
 For Agencies or htfotmation concern hu, T if. ^ ,- • 
 
 
HOCKev. 
 
 da 
 
 ^t^ 
 
 11' is a matter of great difficulty to trace the history of the 
 game of hockey. It is probably as old a game, in one 
 or otlier of its numerous varieties, as any of those 
 played with a ball, and it is well known to have 
 existed in a crude form for centuries in Ireland, where 
 under the name of " Hurley "" it has been regarded as 
 the national game. 'I'he game used also to be played 
 in Scotland under the name of " Shinty," whilst now 
 [)!ayed on the ice it is the favorite winter game of the youth of 
 Canada. 
 
 Hockey, like all other vigorous games, has its enemies on the 
 score of supposed danger, but serious accidents are almost unknown. 
 The rules of the game have l)een so framed as to reduce the risks 
 to a minimum, and as long as the game is played in a proper 
 spirit there is very little chance of players being badly hurt. 'I'he 
 game, of course, can be made dangerous, but foul play cannot be 
 indulged in without being readily detected, and its suppression is 
 easy at the hands of resolute umpires who will strictly enforce the 
 rules of the game. 
 
 Hockey at present seems the most free, of all games in Canada, 
 seeking " gate receipts '" from the semi-professional element, and it 
 would remain entirely so were there no s[)urious incentives in the 
 way of " cu[)s "' or "shields'" to be played for. 
 
 There is plenty of healthy rivalry between clubs at present, a 
 rivalry of a widely different nature to that engendered by cup 
 competitions, and it is to be hoped that we may never see in hockey 
 the evils that have arisen from the institution of such com|)elitions 
 
 at football. Cup ties eventually lead to , 
 
 professionalism, and this would prove a ! Abbey's Effervescent 
 curse to the game that must be prevented 
 at all costs. If the game is worth playing 
 
 at all, it is worth playing purely as a game, 
 
 Salt 
 
 Retains and Regains 
 
 Health. 
 
46 
 
 SPOUTS OF GREATKR ItRlTAlN. 
 
 1 
 I 
 
 - ! 
 
 and hockey will continue to flourish on its merits, without any 
 spurious inducements which would only introduce a class of player 
 which it is desirable to avoid. 
 
 The following hints may be of use to young players who may 
 not have practical experience in the game : 
 
 FORWARDS. 
 
 Forwards in general should keep strictly in their places, and 
 always try to keep the game oj)en, which can only be done by 
 unselfish play. They should make point of never leaving the 
 opposing point and cover alone when they have been tackled, as 
 they can thus prevent them from getting in a hard hit or feeding 
 tlieir own forwards. They must use their discretion as to charging 
 down on a point when he is hitting, as unless they can get right up 
 to him before he hits, they have more chance of fielding the stroke 
 by keeping a short distance away, but they must not give him time 
 to dribl)le into a good position to bring off a pass to one of his own 
 forwards, i'inally, forwards must remember that the whole secret of 
 their strength, if it can be called a secret, lies in combination, and 
 no amount of individual brilliancy will compensate for its absence. 
 A clever dribbler, who will never part with the ball until it is taken 
 from him, is of far less value to a side than a player who, though 
 individually inferior, will do his best to play a combined game. 
 Forwards can often materially assist their point, when hard pressed, 
 by worrying the opposing forwards, and nothing is more discouraging 
 to points than to see their own forwards loafing about waiting for 
 the puck to come to them, while they themselves are doing their 
 utmost to save their goal. Last, but not least, is the all important 
 item of pluck. The finest back division in the world is of no use 
 behind a set of faint-hearted forwards. It recjuires a good deal of 
 pluck to charge down the hits of a pair of hard-hitting backs, but it 
 has to be done, and forwards must not shrink it. They must keep 
 going their hardest right up to the sound of the whistle, and always 
 — remember that a game is never lost till it 
 
 The Foundation of Strength n r i "^ i i i i • 
 
 is Health. ; '^ ^^'^'^' Matches could be quoted m 
 
 ABBEY'S \ which a team has been several goals 
 
 EFFERVESCENT SALT i i j . .u i . . • . j 
 
 I 41. c ^ .1 . w i*t. ! behuid up to the last ten nunutes, and 
 
 is the Foundation of Health j ^ ' 
 
 ^ has saved the game by making a draw 
 
Sl'ORTS OF GREATER BRITAIN. 
 
 47 
 
 may 
 
 or iven winning, solely because they have stuck to it with 
 deterniination, instead of feebly "chucking" it. 
 
 COVER POINT. 
 
 The cover point is an important element in the team, bemg 
 concerned e(iually in the attack and defence. He is perhaps, the 
 hardest worked man in the team, if he does his work properly, so he 
 must be well endowed with staying powers. He has to follow up 
 his forwards closely when attacking ; and, at the same time, he has 
 to full back directly his own forwards lose the ball, so as to be ready 
 f.o break up the passing of his opponents, if he has not succeeded in 
 intercepting the ball before it gets to him. The great value of a 
 good cover lies in his ability to break up passing, either by 
 intercepting the passes himself or by forcing his opponent to pass in 
 such a way that the point behind him can get the puck. When he 
 has got the i)uck, his object must be to get rid of it as soon as he 
 can, and to llie best advantage of his side, by feeding the forward he 
 considers to be in the best position for starting an attack. From his 
 position he can feed either wing, and he must consequently give each 
 its fair share of work. When his forwards are in, or close to their 
 opponents' circle, he must be on the alert to place the puck as well 
 as he can for a shot by any forward he sees in a good position, and 
 in this case he should always have his eye on the two outside men. 
 A quick pass to either of them often finds them unmarked, and 
 gives them a chance for a clear side-shot. Of course his first aim is 
 to mark the opposing centre forward, and he must make it his 
 business never to let him have a clear opening to get away. If a 
 good centre forward is carefully " shadowed " by the cover, it is 
 wonderful what effect this has on breaking up the combination of 
 the whole of the forwards. A cover has more freedom as to his 
 movements than any other player on the field. He must all the 
 more be careful not to wander out of his place, as this error is often 
 attended with fatal results when near his own goal. 
 
 It will thus be seen that the chief requirements for a good 
 cover are pace and staying power. He 
 may have to sprint half the length of the 
 ground several times in succession with- 
 out touching the puck, but he must never 
 give in. By always falling back when he 
 
 Abbey's Effervescent 
 
 Salt 
 
 Cures as well as 
 
 Prevents Disease. 
 
48 
 
 .SI'CJKIS Ol (.KKAll.K r.KII.MN. 
 
 ' I 
 
 ii i; 
 
 i 
 I,, 
 
 has hecn pnsscd, In- iiKiy oficti slip in wlicn the point has been 
 l)L*attii, and ^avu tlic downfall of his j^oal. ("overs must he genuine 
 hard workiTs, wiih no wfakncss for show) pla\'. Hoth point and 
 forwards an- largely dependent upon him, and a sound cover goes a 
 long way towards the making of a good team. 
 
 I'OIM'. 
 
 I'oint forms the last active line of defence, so the first require- 
 ment in his play is that he should he a steady player and liable to 
 make as few mistakes as possible. A good jjoint will ni:\c(- lose his 
 head, even when the attack is raging round his own goal. He r.iust 
 never leave anxtliing to chance, but should make as sure as he 
 can <^f each stroke before he attempts it. Me should always stop 
 the puck if he can l)efore hitting it, in |)reference to taking it on the 
 run, but he has not always time to do this, so that it is necessary 
 that he should have an accurate! eye, and be able to hit in any 
 position in an emergency. Mis game so far resembles that of a 
 cover that he must get rid of the puck as soon as he can, and a 
 [)oint must never, under any circumstances, indulge in dribbling. 
 He nmst be able to hit hard on occasions ; but herd hitting is 
 overdone even among good players, and effectually spoils a game. 
 In clearing his own goal, a back may hit his hardest, but he should 
 not hit straight down tiie line, as the i)iick only goes to the oi)posing 
 backs, U) be at once returned. Instead of this he should try to 
 hit into touch, and the further down the line he can do this, 
 without risking the chance of the puck being fielded, the better. 
 The relief afft)rded by a well directed stroke of this kind is of the 
 greatest value. It is just as much the duty of a ponit to feed his 
 forward.s as of a cover, and when he is too hampered to get in his 
 hit he can often pass to the cover in front of him, who in turn can 
 teed the forwards. In sto|)ping a combined rush of forwards, a point 
 can either interce[)t the passes, in which case he has no difficulty in 
 getting his hit afterwards, or he can tackle a forward directly he has 
 taken a pass. Pace is, of course, a valuable attribute in any player, 
 
 be he forward or point, but it is not so 
 
 The constant use of , essential in a point as in a cover. If he 
 Abbey's Efliervescent i u^^ .,„„ i , , i , • , , • 
 
 Salt will keep you in i ^'"^ ^'^""'^ ]'^ ^^" I^^^>' ^^^^^ "P '^^^'^'"^ '^'^ 
 good health. cover, and so smother a bout of passing 
 
 before the forwards have got into their 
 
 l^ 
 
>l'i)k 1 ■; I IK (IK I. A I !• k IIUI IAIN. 
 
 4M 
 
 : has been 
 
 be genuine 
 
 point and 
 
 n-er goes a 
 
 St recjuire- 
 I liable to 
 er lose his 
 
 He must 
 Lire as he 
 rtays stop 
 \ it on the 
 necessary 
 it in any 
 that of a 
 in, and a 
 Jril)bling. 
 hitting is 
 s a game. 
 e siiould 
 opposing 
 d try to 
 do this, 
 e better, 
 is of the 
 feed his 
 ;et in his 
 turn can 
 , a point 
 iculty in 
 y he has 
 ■' player, 
 
 not so 
 
 If he 
 
 lind his 
 
 passing 
 
 o their 
 
 ■,tn(ic. Pa'-^iiig i-- more easily broken up in this way, and if they 
 tail lo stop a mil al itu first atlemiil, both comt and point can get 
 back lor a second ailempt belbn; llie forwards have had time to get 
 dangerous, if, howe\er, a [)oint is deficient in pace, he must be 
 ((iiueiit with playing a more strictly defensive game. He must 
 ket p farther back behind the -over, and not dash in unless he is 
 sure of support from the cover, forwards who 'lave passed a cover 
 caiinol go so fast when they know there is a point wailing for them, 
 iiid lliis ( ircumslaiice gives the cover time to recover himself and 
 make another attempt at stoiiping them before they have reached 
 liie point. There must lu-ver be any hesitation about a [)oint's 
 play, whether he is fast or slow. He must carefully watch for his 
 opportunity, and when he sees it, make up liis mind at once and go 
 straight for the puck. Hi'sitation means defeat, and if he makes a 
 mistake, be must not lose a moment in trying to retrieve it. .\t the 
 same time, lie a\oids hampering his goal-keeper and enables him to 
 liave a clear view of the piuk, which is a most im[)ortant matter for 
 a point to In ar in mind, ^\■hen the ])lay is near his own goal he 
 nuisi keel) w.ll in front of goal, and must leave the outside men to 
 liis co\er, or he will seriously weaken the defence. 
 
 The combination in defence which can so greatly strengthen a 
 back division already strong as individual 'players, has not yet been 
 developed to the exleiu that might ha\e l)een exjiected. 'I'here is 
 nearly as much rciom for combination among backs as among 
 forwards, though it may not be so apparent. They should alwa\s 
 be supporting one another. 'I'here should be a thorough under- 
 standing between poiiit and cover. There is \et to be seen in 
 iiocki. i g(H)(l ( ombination of back pla\-, and iheie is no reason 
 wh\ it should not be achieved. When this combination has been 
 developed, iorwaids will find goabgetting a matter of much greate,- 
 difficulty than it is at i)resent. 
 
 THK iioAi. kki:i'i:k. 
 
 This is wii.houl (juestion the most unenviable [)osition to 
 
 occui-.y, yet, at the same time, one of the 
 
 ,nost important. It is usually the goal- , No Other preparation 
 
 ". , ,, 1 11 IS jusi as ffood as 
 
 k..epers f.te to get .-hillcl to the bone, ^^^^ Elfeivescent 
 
 a lid then he has to cheerluUy niterpose ^^^t. 
 
 any })art of himself liL-lween the puck and 
 
 I) 
 
 W 
 
 
■m 
 
 i 
 
 ■ 't. 
 
 : I II 
 
 
 50 
 
 Sl'OK 
 
 OF C.KKATF.K liKITAIX. 
 
 its destination. Few people, when blaming the goal-keeper for 
 the result of the match, realise the hardships of his position ; he 
 should not he loo severely judged for his shortcomings. The first 
 thing a goalkeeper should do is to take every means in his power 
 to keep himself warm, as this will make him far more capable of 
 doing what is required of him. He must be very tjuick on his feet 
 and never take his eyes off the puck when near his own goal. He 
 should stand just in front of the goal line and ([uite clear of it, so 
 that there may be no doubt as to whether a shot has been stopped 
 before it has crossed the goal line. Shots along the ground are 
 best stopped with the feet, as less time is lost in getting the puck 
 away. It goes without saying that he must get the puck away with 
 the utmost rapidity, and he should never hit it straight in front of 
 him, but always get it away to the side and clear of any opponent. 
 If he has not time to hit the puck, he must kick it away, and when 
 severely pressed, should not hesitate to hit or kick it behind his own 
 goal line and so concede a corner, rather than run the risk of having 
 the puck rushed through after he has stopped it. To deal with side 
 shots he should stand on the side of the goal from' which the shot is 
 coming, as he thus covers more of the space available for shooting 
 at, and he will fmd these shots coming at an angle the mcst difficult 
 to save. If his view of the puck is impeded by one of his own side, 
 he should at once call out to the offender, as it is most important 
 that he should never lose sight of the puck. He must be a good 
 judge of distance and of the pace at whicu tii- puck is travelling, so 
 that he may know whether by running out of goal, he can get to the 
 puck before an opponent, but he must never do this unless he feels 
 certain of getiing the puck. He should leave to the point all the 
 hits he can reach, and should make a rule never to run out of the 
 circle. When he does run out of goal, he must get back again as 
 soon as he can. 'I'he knowledge that he has a good goal-keeper 
 behind him has a great effect upon the play of the point and enables 
 him to play with confidence. 
 
 A goal-keeper may be recommended to 
 wear cricket pads in preference to shin 
 guards, as they afford protection to both 
 ankles and knees, and this is not to be 
 despised. 
 
 Health comes from 
 the daily use of 
 
 Abbey's 
 Effervescent Salt. 
 
 a 
 
 ■J. 
 
 ■It: 
 
 n. 
 
 .m' 
 
HAVE YOU TRIED 
 
 "MONTSERMT" 
 
 Pure Linie=Fruit Juice 
 
 With Apollinaris, or Soda, or Water, 
 as a cooling and refreshing beverage 
 at all seasons? 
 
 If not, TRY IT! 
 
 OBTAINABLE FROM GROCERS 
 AND DRUGGISTS 
 
 Giieaper man vmm, aim piucn more Gomlent. 
 
 xr •^••••••••••••••••••^•xxy 
 
 Order " MONTSERRAT" and do 
 
 not take any inferior brands— there are 
 many such, 
 
 "MONTSERRAT" is made from 
 
 cultivated Linfies. 
 
 
M 
 
 i'' 
 
 i i,' 
 
 (phC4> 
 
 LONDON, ENGLAND, 
 
 /k 
 
 Assurance = Company. 
 
 c 
 BRANCH OFFICE FOR CANADA: | ^ 
 
 t 
 f 
 1 
 
 1724 [lotifE Dame ptiteet, ■ lyjontfeal. 
 
 INCOME. 
 
 Annual Revenue from Fire and Life Pre- 
 miums and from Interest upon 
 Invested Funds - $5,520,000 
 
 FUNDS. 
 
 Capital and Accumulated Funds - - - - $37,220,000 
 
 Deposited with the Dominion Government 
 for Security of Canadian Policy- 
 holders $200,000 
 
 ROBERT W. TYRE, 
 
 Manager for Can ail a. 
 
CURLING. 
 
 a<n^-/ 
 
 CURLIXCI would lit very impcrfri tly presLiited to my 
 readers if 1 were to treat it simply in its scientific 
 ^^ aspects. Scientific it certainly is, alTording scope for 
 f^^^ a display of practical acumen such as few i^ames 
 ^^ demand. Tradition tells ot a certain 'lam Pate, 
 
 'W^k. who flourished as a curler at the end of the last 
 'P ^'^ century, and who never niissai a sin^^le shot .' hut 
 ordinary curlers are not huilt thai way. No mortal man 
 can curl to perfection, iiut difficult and intricate as the L^ame is, 
 the beginner may soon accpiire sufficient knowledge to enal)le hmi 
 to take a respectable place in a rink. Curling may lay claim there- 
 fore to simplicity as well as to scieniific skill. Hut neither science 
 nor simplicity constitutes tlie charm of curling. This is mamly 
 ethical. 
 
 To begin with, ( urling excites the utmost enthusiasm amongst 
 its votaries.' At a season of the year when nature is passing through 
 her dull interlude, such a sport strengthens the body and cheers the 
 mind. No sybarite can be a curler. The game demands activity, 
 hardihood, endurance, and such ardor as makes a man forget 
 everything in his intense devotion to the sport; and in return it 
 imparts health and happiness to its Ic Uowers. The proverbial 
 keenness of the curler is a i)hase of this enthusiasm. Another 
 excellent feature of the game is the abseiu v of liettirg, save occasion- 
 ally for a stake, which consisis of coal or Hour lor distribution 
 among the poor, and therefore curling is identified with benevolence, 
 and often the hearts of the poor have been gladdened l)y the 
 l)onsi)iel. Uut the best and most characteristic feature of this sport 
 is the socialitv which it develops. Liberty, p-^- 7"7'Z7^\ 
 
 enuality, natennn, ..re ,r>,ly i.s „a...|,w„„U. | J^-^^XS^t 
 On the ice all divisions and diflereiues, g^j^ ^^ keep you in 
 
 caused by rank, riches, religion, polili.s, , ^^^^ \^Q2\\h. 
 
 or anything else, may be said to disai)i)ear. 
 
54 
 
 SrORTS Ol" CkKAil.k UKITAIN. 
 
 Landlord and tenant, clergyman and arti/an, merchant and 
 mechanic, can meet together in social brotherhood, forgetting 
 for the time all distinction save that of curling skill Add 
 to this the ineviial)le humor which is one of its concomitants, and 
 some idea may be formed of a game which, in Scotland most 
 certainly, and in Canada most likely, is by far the most popular of 
 'ce sports. 
 
 As far back as i 7 15 it was said : 
 
 " To Curie on the ice does i^rculy please, 
 Being a Manly Scottish (.xercise ; 
 Jt clears the Biains, stirs up tlie Natisa Heat, 
 Ami gives a gallant Appetite for Meat." 
 
 Robert Hums, speaking of Tam Samson, says : 
 
 " He was the King o' n' the coie, 
 To fuard or draw, or wick a bore. 
 Or up the rink like Jehu roar 
 In lime o' need." 
 
 Of the origin of curling perhaps no more satisfactory account 
 can be given than the traditi(;n that Albyn Jove sent it as a gift to 
 " Auld Daddy Scotland," as he sat one day "bare leggit on a 
 snawy brae," with icicles at his snout, and crying : 
 
 '•Oh: for a cheery, heartsome game, 
 To send through a' the soul a flame, 
 Pit birr and smeddum in tha frame 
 And set the l)luid adinlin'." 
 
 One can hardly give credence to the fact that a Scotchman, Rev. 
 John Ramsay, writing on the game, ascribes to curling a Continental 
 origin, from the number of Dutch or C.erman phrases used in the 
 l)lay ; but it is true, nevertheless, and more remarkable still is the 
 fact that the reverend gentleman lived to a good old age and died 
 with his boots off For my own part, curling seems to be most 
 undoubtedly of Scottish origin, but i 1 .457 we fnid the Scottish 
 Parliament prohibiting golf and football as "unprofitable sports," no 
 
 mention being made of curling, from which 
 we may make the deduction that if the 
 game was then in vogue it was clas.sed 
 with archery as a i)rolitable sport. 
 
 riu' earliest literary notice of the game 
 
 "For the morning 
 after the night be- 
 fore" use ABBEY'S 
 Effervescent Salt. 
 
si'oK'i> OF (;ri;atf:r uritain. 
 
 55 
 
 no 
 
 of curling is found in the "Muses Thrcnodie " (1638), where 
 we find : 
 
 "His liats his iioods, liis balls, his bones, 
 His allay bowles and curlinj,' stones, 
 The sacred games to celebiat." 
 
 The most ancient extant specimens of curling stones are to be seen 
 in the Macfarlane Museum, Stirling, one being dated 151 i. There 
 is a tradition that James IV of Scotland (1472-15 13) was a curler, 
 but there does not appear to be any evidence in supi)ort of this. It 
 seems as if curling was a b^nd of union between l':piscopalian and 
 Covenanter, for in 163S George (Iraham, I'.ishop of Orkney, was 
 charged with being ''a curler on the tee on the Sabbath day,'' 
 while William (iuthrie, a noted Covenanter who lived about the 
 same date, was a keen curler. 
 
 By the end of the seventeenth century, the earlier tyi)e of 
 curling-stone without handle had been disj)laced. Still greater 
 progress was made in the course of last century. In such repute 
 was the game held in the Scottish capital that at the beginning of 
 the century the magistrates of Edinburgh are said to have marched 
 in procession, headed by a band of music playing the " Curler's 
 March," to open the sport on the North Loch. 
 
 Perhaps it is to Dr. John Cairnie (1833) that the present 
 generation of curlers are most indebted, for in his " Essay on 
 Curling"' he gives information as to the making of artificial rinks 
 on which c-urling might be had with very little frost. This system 
 has been developed till we see the enclosed rinks of the present 
 day. It is needless here to go into the history of the Ro\al 
 Caledonian (Mub, which was formed in 1838, and which is the 
 fountain head of the game, (airling seems to have found its way to 
 Canada as far back as the beginning of the present century, irons 
 being at the present time used instead of stones, in a great measure, 
 though in Ontario the time honored " stones '' are still in plav, the 
 principal stone in use being the ''Ailsa Craig." 
 
 It cannot be said that (-luling is seen 
 at its best in our covered rinks, as when 
 
 The Roses of Health come 
 to the cheeks 
 
 played on a fro/en lake or loch of pic- ; through the daily use of 
 tures<iue appearance, with skaters flying | EPFERVbTeNT salt. 
 too and fro. The tout ensemb/e is then . 
 
56 
 
 SrOUTS OF C.KKAIKK liRll'AlN. 
 
 perfect. In'sucli an article as the present, spare will not allow of a 
 dissertation on the interesting subject of the different kinds of stones ; 
 it must suffice to give the names of some, in the order of merit 
 given by a celebrated geologist : I'.urnock Water, Crawfordjohn, 
 Ailsa Hone, Crieff Black, (^arsphairn. Here in (Juehec these 
 names are only interesting as rememl)rances of the home of the 
 game. 
 
 Presuming that all my readers have not only read but have also 
 learned their rules of the game, it will be seen that the rink is in the 
 hands of a skip ; and that therefore as players they are under au- 
 thority. The skip is the general — they are soldiers under him, and 
 are bound to obey implicith his ocmmands. " Their's not to reason 
 why." Obedience is the first and last necessity in a rink of curlers. 
 Nowhere more truly than in a curling match does the maxim hold-- 
 •'Unity is strength." Each player has his place to fill, liy the tee, 
 watching and directing, stands the skip. He knows what is wanted. 
 He gives his orders accordingly and expects them to be obeyed, 
 Insubordination is therefore as heinous a crime on the ice as it is 
 in the army. It is not t)nly when he is on the crampit playing his 
 stone, when his turn comes, that the curler has to remember the 
 duly of oljedience to authority. 'I'o sweep or not to sweep, he must 
 always be prepared. For want of a helping " soop,'' one stone may 
 lie a "senseless hog." By excess of sweeping, another may go 
 raging "owre a" ice." Each is valueless. At the skip's cry, " Soop, 
 lads, soo[)," every besom should be down, and plied on the ice with 
 might and main. " Polish him weel. ye sinners." "Oh for elbow 
 grease !'' Be that his cry, then more intensely let them sweep as a 
 matter of life and death. Hut instantly he shouts: " Besoms up, 
 men, besoms u])," ler the action be suited to the word. Under 
 authority then, from first to last, in playing and in s\\eeping, and 
 victory is the reward. 
 
 In regard to position in delivering the stone, no hard and fast 
 rule can be laid down ; curlers are like horses, "they run in all 
 
 shapes." The player must first /// the tee — 
 he must so place himself that his eye 
 travels along the central line toward the 
 
 Nature's Greatest 
 
 Gift is Health. 
 
 Abbey's Eflerveeceiit , , ,,,-.. . , 
 
 Salt gives Health. , f^i'^i'i^r tee, while his right foot p. sis in the 
 
 track, which in the {jiescnt day is immov- 
 
SI'OkTS Of- GREATKk UK I TAIN. 
 
 57 
 
 able, the ancient style allowing the player to move from side to 
 side, as it suited him. Being in the hack, ease should not he 
 sacrificed even to elegance, and the player need not trouble himself 
 about awkwardness of position, if he find he has command of his 
 stone. Some good advice is summed up in the old curler's word : 
 
 " If ynuM lie ft curler keen, 
 Stanii right, look even, 
 Sole well, shoot stiaij,'l)t, and sweep clean." 
 
 " Look at the mark with all your een." The eye must be intently 
 fixed on the object aimed at, and fixed on that it must remain till 
 the stone has left the hand. One of the worst faults in curling is a 
 clumsy delivery of the stone. By this the ice alongside tiie track 
 is cracked and broken up, and the curler gives much annoyance to 
 the other players. When a stone is (juietly and gracefully '' soled, 
 it is far more effective than a stone played with double energy, the 
 force of which is half spent by the blow it receives as it meet's the 
 ice. When the stone has \di the hand there is no necessity for the 
 player to career up the rink as some do, nor for the physical 
 contortions by which others, to the terror of uninitiated spectators, 
 express their mental agony. 
 
 But it is the "roaring game," and if roaring will do it, let them 
 shout to the stone, the sweepers, and the skip, and even to the 
 skies. 
 
 As I have before said, the direction (jf the game is with the skip. 
 The office is one of honor and of res[)onsibilty. The skip, albeit a 
 director, is appointed to his oftice by the will of his brother curlers. 
 It is essential that he should have a thorough knowledge of the 
 game. He should be a man of humor, delighting in "qui|)s, cranks 
 and jollities." With a couple of sour skips at the end of a rink all 
 the life goes out of the game. It is re(|uired that a skip should at 
 the social board, as well as upon the ice, be able to tell a good 
 story, and to sing a good song, and though there are no hard and 
 fast lines in regard to the use of alcohol, he is not generally a 
 teetotaller. Me should be a man of im[)er- 
 turbable tem[)er, never angry at his men, 
 never blaming anybody but himself, in the 
 hour of defeat unmurmuring, and in the 
 hour of triumph generous. He must be 
 
 Abbey's Effervescent 
 Salt is a standard 
 Englisfi preparation. 
 It's use gives health. 
 
58 
 
 Sl'OR'lS OK (iRKAIKK I'.KIIAI N. 
 
 just, honest, wise, cool, prudent, watchful, l)rave, courageous, 
 blameless as a bishop, and like a bishop, the husband of one wife. 
 If there are any other virtues, let the skip practise them. Finally, 
 he should be a man who can issue his orders in " guid braid 
 Scotch," and who understands without the aid of a dictionary every 
 word and phrase of the native Doric. 
 
 N(nv for a sketch of a typical skip in action, directing the game 
 in the language h which it is generally done. His first player being 
 in the hack, he does not give him any information as to what he 
 wants him to do, but sini[)ly plants his besom-shank upon the tee. 
 " \e ken what's wantit.'' "Oh! be cannie." " Cannily down the 
 howe ice." "Just smell the ring an' I'll no blame ye." He is a 
 good skip \vh(j begins with caution, and all through plays a cautious 
 game. "A guid calm shot is aye the best.'' So the first stone 
 comes "snoorin'-up the howe.'" It does not (juite reach the tee, 
 becoming " a perfect patlid," and it pleases the skip all the more, 
 for " it's in the way o' promotion.'' It is now the turn of the 
 opposing skip to direct. Had the first stone rested on the tee, he 
 would have called for its removal, but with caution he would have 
 naid, "draw to the face of this." ''Just wittyer high and no more." 
 He asks for "a quiet draw." Too much force, and if he missed he 
 is owre a' ice. So he leaves that stone alone, and with " a quiet 
 draw." he gets his stone beside it. To get his stone promoted and 
 guarded is skip No. I's aim. So " jist crack an egg on this" is his 
 direction, but the player has been too timid, and the stone lags on 
 its journey, so the skij) calls for the help of sweepers. " Gie him 
 heels, gie him heels ! " " Soop him up, sot)p him up ! " and his stone 
 is on the tee and guarded. " Weel soopit lads," "Come up, Sandy, 
 an" look at it.'' " Tak yerscl' by the han' now." " I'se gie yea 
 snuff for that." 'I'hese are expressions of the skip's satisfaction. 
 '' Rul) off the guard, but dinna throw away your stone," is now skip 
 No. 2's direction. Hut it is a raging shot, and missing the guard it 
 is through the " brough " like Jehu and 'awa " to the caff-neuk,'' 
 ___ Skip No. I is jubilant, he is "shot and 
 
 ABBEY'S guarded." " Hig on." "Pile on the agony," 
 
 Effervescent Salt f • u- j , c \ 
 
 p, ., lie cries as his second player comes forward. 
 
 the Appetite. "^'""'^ ^''^ ''"« '*"' >''^^i'''^ ^ ^^"^^^ »"«." 
 — There! "That's anither mote i' their ee." 
 
SPORTS OK GREATKR I!RITAI\. ry 
 
 " That's a seed in ihei, teetiV and with n self satisfied smile sl<ip No. 
 I s.epsasKe to see how skip No. 2 will deal with the question. Two 
 courses at least are open. He can curl round the guards and find 
 He w,nner, or l.y an outwick on his f.rst player's stone he can force 
 that upon the wu.ner, an<l leave it shot. So the game proceeds. 
 New efforts, new scheuRs, every mon.e.U demands." 
 
 The whole situation n.ay alter in a minute, for it is a slippery 
 K-ime. Ihe sk,p must l.e tlu,rou,h!y alive, and his treasury of 
 resources must he inexhaustible. Here is a selection of skip speech, 
 some of wluch n,ay he heard any day in the progress of a bonspiel : 
 A canny oraw," "Tee high weight and no more,'" " list come 
 creepm up,' '• Come to the door o" the hoose," "OwreUie collv 
 and ye re a great shot."' Dinna let him see that again,' "Kittle 
 h.m weel," " I.ft hi,, an ell and lie yersel'," " Lie in the bosom o' 
 the wmner ' "Curl into your grannie's wing," "Ne'er a kowe," 
 Hes a colhe, tak' him by the neck," " He's a great hog." 
 
 Victory or defeat in curling depends on " high fated'" blows 
 It IS m the hnal decisive moments that the skill, coolness and 
 courage of the skip is put to the test. The excitement is intense- 
 A stillness as of death prevails when the fate of war depends on that 
 last .stone, which the veteran warrior is about to deliver He plays 
 It with breathless anxiety, everyone watching its career He has it ' 
 He wins the match : The besoms are flung high ,n the air. Loud 
 shout the victors : The hero of the hour is toasted, and for 
 generations to come liis fame as a curler will be remembered in the 
 club, which he has exalted to honor by his marvellous deed. 
 
 Curling is a serious gan. but it is nothing if it is not humorous 
 Ihe curling season has bee., called " The Saturnalia of Scottish 
 hfe. ' It IS onlv on the ice that the humors of (-urling can be 
 studied; It IS only by those familiar with the game that\hey can 
 be appreciated. 'I'he humor is of the dry quality, and it is delightful 
 to watch a pawky, canny, old skip manoeuvring a game. " Eh 
 mon, ye're no up, l)ut I like to .see ye hoggin'." " As guid's' a' 
 
 better." These two are really rebukes, " 
 
 but the humor takes the sting out of them. Abbey's Eflervescent j 
 He clothes his direction to move the ^^^^ 
 enemy with humor by saying: "Jist gie ^®^ains and Regains 
 this a wee bit cuff on the cheek," and ^"-1^:*!!^ 
 
6o 
 
 SI'OkTS OK (.KKATKU liKIIAIN. 
 
 and he converts the hhmder of removing the wrong stone into 
 innocence l)y the remark : " Ye've vvaukened the wrang man." In 
 speaking of the minister's stone, it is Hke the sermon, " weel 
 delivered," and if a scriptural alhision is not out of place, it's "a 
 rale I'.hene/.-r -a stane o* help." When the si'lf-satisfied gravedigge'r 
 calls out to the skip : " I think that ane 'il lie,'" there is a hit of grim 
 humor in tlic response, " Aye, aye, mon, nae fear o' that ; they a' 
 lie that ye |)it down." 
 
 That Cijuality which is one of the features of curling m the 
 open, is accountahle for some of the humors of the game. A worthy 
 siieriff was one day playing to the direction of a stonemason, whom 
 he had sent to prison more than once for poaching, hut to whom 
 the sheriff had to look up, when curling : " Noo, shirra," said the 
 poacher-skip, " dae ye .see that stane ?" " Ave, Jock," answered the 
 sheriff. "A weel, shirra," says Jock, pointing with his kowe "jist 
 gie that ane sixty days." The clergy generally are great supporters 
 of curling. A young Ayrshire minister having one day in a match 
 surprised everyl.ody by a shot that reciuireu great strength, was 
 saluted thus: " My certie, ye're a bonnie mon to mak' a minister 
 o. A well known parson curler brought the service in his church 
 to a clo.se with this intimation : " My friends, as the day is stormy 
 and there may be a danger of some of you l^eing the worse for 
 sitting in this cold church, I shall not detain vou ^)y preaching a 
 sermon, but shall now dismiss the congregation : and, remember, 
 we all meet on the ice to-morrow at ii o'clock." 
 
 An Episcopal minister in Scotland was one dav telling his 
 Established brother, his grief at finding that a candidate, whom he 
 had been preparing for confirmation had gone ever to Rome The 
 auld kirk brother's apt and only consolation was this: "\-ouVe 
 soopit him past the tee." 
 
 The proverbial keeness of a curler is thus illustrated : ()„ the 
 eve of a bonspiel, a curler sat by the side of his fire, opposite to 
 TZ, \ -. ^ '^'"^' ^^^^ ^^'if s-'it busy washing her face 
 
 the outcome of the use! r. ' ''"■' ''«" ^""'"y ^''''' «<" ^" 
 
 ofAbbey'sEffervescentj '''P^'"'''''""^'^ ^^''''''- J'"tated beyond 
 
 _Salt^__ __ ! measure, the curler sei/ed the poor cat 
 
 ^"^ dashed her brains out against the 
 
>i'()KT.s UK i;rkati;r nkicAiN. 61 
 
 cloor-post, exdaiming: -I'll learn ye to sit there and mak' thow." 
 I his IS one ot those instances in tlie game where the humor was 
 not seen by one of the parties interested. 
 
 Curlers are generally good husl)ands, and all the better for their 
 curhng. It has an excellent eflect on the tempt'r. it clears the brain 
 and warms the heart, and so the ladies give it their counte.iance and 
 encourage it ni many ways. 1 cannot conclude this all too brief 
 article on this genial game, in a better way than by cjuoting the Kev. 
 Henry Duncan. 
 
 " N'do fill a biiinper to the brim 
 
 And drinlv with tinea times three, man ; 
 May cinleis on life's slippery rink, 
 
 I' r.ne cruel rubs be free, man. 
 Or should a treacherous bias lea" 
 Their erring course ajee, man, 
 .- onie frit-ndly inrinLj may they meet 
 To guide them to the tee, man. 
 
 The author's thanks are due to Rev. J. K.-r for sundry 
 (piolations in the foregoing. 
 
 .'sN. T'«= ^■oundation of dtrength ^^ 
 
 <^ is Health ^^ 
 
 '^ ABBEYS "^' 
 
 ^^ KKFtRVESCENP SALT ^^ 
 
 *^^ is the I'Dundation of Health i^^* 
 
( ( 
 
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 '^ 
 
 A I AN was, it is said, the father of lies, and as in old 
 
 Pnnts ii.. is often represented carrying a net over his 
 
 ^ ^1^ ' %^ ^;lioiilder, tiiere is very little doubt hut that this sport of 
 
 ^ fishiM- gav,. rise to the sayin- \ct it seems hard to 
 
 ^H'^iT" ^"''" "" '' '' '''"'''' ''''"''' '" ^''^" ^""''y ^^'^^« t'^e wily 
 ^Mf ''^''^■^'I'an brings us home. These same tales do anv 
 
 amount of service they tend to expand the imaKinatioii. 
 N\hy, I liave known in my own e\i)erience a lish to be 
 2U n>s.-"a real nice f.sh. old chap, don't cher know " -at eight 
 o clock at n.ght, whilst at ,. it has been "well, old man, I don't 
 mind telhng you, because you know 1 wouldn't tell you a cram, it 
 was a real f.eauty, 4-*^, and then not quite fit; don't go telling 
 where I was.'' Again, it makes men have a wonderful command 
 over their features : it is no good a man telling a story of this kind 
 without looking as sober as a judge, and looking, too, as if he 
 really believed it himself: whilst on the other hand it would be too 
 rude and ungenllemanly for the listener to express by even the 
 twinkle of an eye any doubt as to the veracity of his entertainer 
 Uhy, to do away with these "tales" on returning from a day's 
 fishing, would be like going to the theatre to see "'Hamlet " with 
 the character of Hamlet cut out, It may well be said as regards 
 fishing, if " the brave deserve the fair," then in the weather they 
 have often to put uf) with the plucky fisherman ought to fare well. 
 Taking into consideration the amount of water there is in 
 Canada, giving to the great number of enthusiasts in fishing such 
 facilities for pursuing the sport, I feel I am taking upon myself a 
 great responsibility by even giving a hint : I can assure your critics 
 
 I would not do so if it were not that I am 
 
 writing for the benefit of the young, and Abbey's Effervescent 
 
 not for the seasoned fisherman. Salt isahealth-gfiving, 
 
 In connection with fishing in Canada, health-preserving pre- 
 
 there is no doubt that the trout are not so ^^^ ^°°' 
 
64 
 
 Sl'OlMS OF (IKLAIKK liRirAlN. 
 
 hig'iily cdLicak-d licie as they are at home, tlie si/.e of the Wags 
 lirought l)ack fully proving this. Here a man will bring back more 
 from one day's fishing than just as good a fisherman in ICngland 
 would i:atrii in a month. Vet there are plenty of fish, but they are 
 so worried by the continual endeavors to catch them, that they 
 become just as artful as the man who is after them. There is no 
 doul)t that even here the best lisherman will in the long run secure 
 the greatest catches, but at the same time the mere tyro will get 
 good *' bags,"' when in I'Lngland he woidd not cat<:h a fish in a week. 
 Of course this to a very great extent is accounted for by the fact 
 that in all preserved waters — and in the old country there is very 
 little free- -the use of bail is strictly forbidden. It is needless for 
 me to say that minnow is allowed in the Thames, for the trout in 
 this river, ranging from 3'- lbs. to 10 ll)s., and even larger, will not 
 look at a lly. Trout fishing in Canada is far more like that in 
 Ireland than any we have in I'higland. 
 
 I propose in this article to give a few hints as to lly fishing, and 
 tackle retjuired for th« same. To oroceed then to a description that 
 may be of use to the young hand. The rod should be light enough 
 to be managed easily with one hand, and should be chosen for 
 him by some old fisherman ; for with a rod, just the same as with 
 a gun or cricket bat, it is not the actual weight that is of so much 
 importance as the distribution of it. Draw off from y3ur reel from 
 15 to 18 feet of line, throw out to its extent, and fish in towards 
 \()U. Different men ad()|)t different ways of throwing the fiy, but it 
 really does ni>l matter which is followed, so that one has entire 
 control of one's rod and line, and can do what one likt'S with the 
 tlies. It is really is of no use to try to give theoretical lessons 
 in throwing the tly. for nothing but practice will ever give pro- 
 ficiency ; lei the beginner rather spend two or three days in watching 
 a gooil man ; then come home and practice in the b.ick garden, 
 putting down some objec-t to cast at. Do not be discouraged if, the 
 first few days you go fishing, you see other men catching fish with 
 — _ l\^^^, same l1v and in the same water vou have 
 
 ■^.^ ^""-E-^ *3 , heen unsuccessful in : remember, Rome wds 
 
 Effervescent Salt, . , ,. , , , ■ 
 
 the Foandation , ''"' '''"'' "\ ^''^^ ^'^^>' '''''^ ^''^ '"^^'^'^ '^''»'* 
 
 of Health. '*^^''^ only gained by hard practice, whereby 
 
 iu- is able to let his Hies pitch naturally upon 
 
SI'MKIS OF CkKATKR HKITAIN. 
 
 the water :„d.h.r ouglu yo,, to take ,. hardly ,l«, he should have 
 aselfsat,sfied™,leo„ his countenan,, whilst doing .so, rri valrv 
 ■s the great .est ,n ail sports, and the Osh taken by an e, ,er ou. of 
 water .Ineh ,,as l,ee„ „o,ed out of all .shape hy' .he 1.4™:^^: 
 
 Although as I have said ahove, praetiee is re,|ui"red more than 
 attythrng else u, throwing the «y, it „,ay be well to give a bin" 'r two 
 on ,t, tryurg ,„ point out where lie the dangers to the young hand 
 l.> watebu.g all begnrners it will be found that two or three fe "of 
 me drop on the water belore the fly : this is fa,al. The fly should 
 fall as nearly like the original as poss.ble, without anyr^'tl | ' 
 ttsel touchM,g the water. To „,ake .be throw, sav frlu, Z2 
 oulde, w,th a rod of , , feet, take the east in rbe left hand so t a 
 the fly, s dear of, e ground, wub the rod pointing forward and to 
 the left . then on loosnrg the east, by a half side n.ove.nen, of the 
 arm, sweep the hue in a gentle ,urve till i, i., well behind you It it 
 here that a disaster n,ay oecur, for if the fl,. ;, j,,^,^ \ „, . ,,^ 
 snapped rrght off. Having eseaped this .atastrophe, ,he li, l " 
 brought fron, hehnrd the head to the front ol ,l,e body, when it s 
 allowed to go forward to the full length of the arm, making ,l,e Hies 
 ptteb on the water gently. This being -lone it is requ.red To 
 n.ampulate tbem to look as n.uch like the real artiele as possible 
 As ,n all sports, the wat.hword of the young angler should be 
 
 I iltlGIICC 
 
 Remember ihat in striking a fish it is not ncce.ssary to put in 
 a 1 the force of arn, and shoulder, hut it only requires a sharp turn 
 of the wnst just to f... the hook in the (Ish. This mav seem 
 unnecessary advice, hut it will he found that the tvro ierks as if h« 
 were shark fishintr. ' ^ ^'^ " ^^ 
 
 Before proceeding to talk of salmon fishing, 1 will try to prove 
 that .so.MK day there will have to he, even in Canada -full of llsh as 
 Its waters are-hetter preservation for trout, or there will be the 
 same cry as to tiie scarcity of fish that there is at present in ICnghmd 
 
 I know I shall be laughed at by nianv of , - ;"" ' 
 
 those who go tishing even now and bring Abbey's Effervescent 
 home their do/ens in a day, but I am sure that Salt 
 
 those sportsmen who go out for the day's H"**®' ^ ^®^^ *■ 
 sport, and who make a study of the subject _ . •"®v®^ts_l>isea8e.^^ 
 
 E 
 
66 
 
 SPORTS OF GREATER BRITAIN. 
 
 will give me some credit for my warning voice. The more the 
 country gets opened up and populated, the more fishermen there 
 will he, and naturally the more fish will be taken. I have been told 
 that there is a law making it illegal to net trout? If this is so, it 
 certainly is a dead letter in some districts. \Vhose duty is it to 
 take cognizance of this ? Have these laws, that seem to be dormant, 
 been made because our legislators, having nothing much on hand, 
 thought it well to frame something so as to ap()ear to be busy. Too 
 much praise cannot be given to the Montreal Fish and Game 
 Club for its exertions in the interests of sport, but it should 
 certainly have a greater amount of assistance from Government. 
 
 As regards the decrease of trout in some streams — especially 
 the smaller ones — in England, 1 am sure that this has been brought 
 al)out to some extent by over-preservation, paradoxical as this may 
 seem. There is every reast n to believe that there is more disease 
 now than formerly, for nature provided means in the shape of 
 otters, herons, etc., (which the keepers now kill off indiscriminately) 
 to rid the streams of those fish which might otherwise propagate 
 disease ; fur it is a well-known fact, that animals and birds of prey 
 find it far easier to catch the fish weakened by disease, and therefore 
 do so. It has been {)roved over and over again on the Scotch 
 grouse moors that it is far better to let the hawks remain to kill 
 diseased and weakly birds, and to put up with the loss of the few 
 healthy birds they may caijture, than to kill ihem off, and so allow 
 the whole moor to get diseased. Again, the entire abolition of the 
 use of the minnow has done harm. Now do not think I am an 
 admirer of the use of the minnow, i)ut there are limes when it is 
 allowable and justifiable ; for instance take a small stream that you 
 know holds half a do/en olu "warriors " about four pounds weight ; 
 you might fly fish till you wm- black in the tace, and you would not 
 get a rise. Now, one of these fish will eat more of its species in one 
 day than you will catch in ten. Under these circ umstances, is it 
 not belter for the sake of your after sport to use the minnow, with 
 . which you have some chance of catching him ? 
 
 ABBEY'S i I ilo not say that these latter causes will 
 
 Effervescent Salt militate against the fishing ii\ Canada ; but I 
 
 I do say that however plentiful il.e trout may 
 
 _ be, netting ought to be stopped at once, in 
 
 conunon fairness to those who fish honestly. 
 
 IS 
 
 V IVIFIC. 
 
SPORTS OF GRKATER URIIAIN. 
 
 67 
 
 the nl r''^"''; '^'' " .' ''"^'" ^^^ ''^"^'^''*"" ^^ ^^^--y ^^-^herman, from 
 Lark ?7" N^'^'^' '"""^ "^' ^^^"^ '""'^'^'-^« f- ^tickle- 
 a salmon. L nfortunately, I have noticed that to whatever country 
 you nu.y go to attain this desirable end, it is rather an expensive 
 uxury ; .t^.s npart from tiie sport, a good deal cheaper to buy than 
 to catch, and therefore is like unto one of its concomitants the 
 cucumber, which is also cheaper to buy than to grow. In the' first 
 place you want a good " (Jreenheart " rod, of from ,6 to 20 feet in 
 ength ; spliced, I would say, for choice, as this gives nicer play 
 than any other arrangen,ent. It should balance about evenly where 
 the upper hand grasps it above the reel, which is placed about ten 
 inches from the butt. The line shr)uld not be less than eighty yards 
 long; and should taper down to nearly half its original si/e where 
 the cast ,s fed on : which c:ast, be it remembered, must be of saln,on 
 gut, a great deal thicker than that used for trout. To assist the 
 young fisherman in his first attempt to catch a salmon, I would 
 •strongly advise his getting some one who lives near to, and has often 
 fished the water he is gcmig to try, to aid him in his selectio.i of flies 
 and pomt out the different parts inhabited at various times by 
 salmon ; he will be able to go l)y himself another day; that is if the 
 water remains about the same height, but if it should be higher or 
 lower to any extent, let hin, apply for additional aid. As a rule the 
 larger the body of water, the larger the fly recjuired ; the size of the 
 Hy depends also to a certain extent on the color of the water. 
 
 This being a two-handed rod, it requires both more strength 
 and practice to become proficient in casting, than with the trout 
 rod. I would advise in c:a.st from the left shoulder backwards, then 
 brmg slowly and s-a.uiily our the right, then keep on accelerating 
 the speed till you <le!iver the tly upon the water. When the tyro 
 can thr(,w out .5 yards of line like this, to w.thin a reasonable 
 distance of the spot desiied, he may rest on his laurels for a time • 
 35 yards for good fishermen i. about the average throw, but tall and 
 strong men will throw scviral \ards further. 
 
 The ily should be worked differently '^^^ ^^^^Y use of j 
 
 than when fishing foi ti,,ut, bring immersed ^^^®y'« Effervescent ] 
 
 sufficiently not to cause a ripple, Init yet ^d'^iire^''^ ^^^ I 
 
 not to be out of si-ht. .\-aui, in striking, ' 
 
68 
 
 SPORTS OF (IREATKR liRlTAIN. 
 
 the young salnici fisher should not strike as quickly as for trout but 
 should absolutely feel the Hsh lirst, which really means that the' fish 
 has liooked himself. It often happens as with trout, that the fish 
 will r.se and luive a smell, lo.,k at tiie fly and turn away disgusted. 
 Ihe only remedy for this is to keep on changing the fly till you find 
 one that they will take. In reference to this I once heard an anec- 
 dote told. Three friends went salmon fishing ^-two of them were 
 really good and enthusiastic fishermen, whilst the third only took a 
 rod for decency's sake, thinking of the lunch and the outing rather 
 than of the number of fish that would be caught. They experienced 
 the very luck I have described, having rise after rise, but never even 
 pnckmg a flsh, much less catching one. It was not an exactly 
 happy family that on returning entered the hospitable doors of one 
 of the party, nor were two of the trio made any happier by the 
 following conversation: Ladv of the house—" Weli Mr S lam 
 so sorry you have come all this way and had no sport; my husband 
 and brother are generally so lucky." "Oh, don't mention it, I 
 really enjoyed myself in.mensely ; k.vely day, good luncheon, cigars, 
 etc., etc., you know, go a long way to make a man appreciate life." 
 Hut, still, even these surely could not compensate vou for not 
 getting any l.sh, when they were rising, tool'" " No, perhaps not, 
 but when the fish would not take, the 'lovely flow of language' that 
 emanated from your husband and brother made up for all 1" 
 
 The great thing after hooking your fish is to give him the butt 
 -that IS, get the point of the rod well up, with the butt towards the 
 fish-as much as you think the tackle will bear, being ever ready to 
 give h,n, fine If he make a sudden plunge or performs any gyrations 
 in the air. Lor the rest, the landing or losing of one fish will really 
 give more real instruction than yards of printed advice. 
 
 In concluding my remarks on this most pleasant sport, I would 
 impress upon my young readers the necessity of going about it in 
 a business and sportsmanlike manner, if they wish to excel; and 
 
 should they have bad luck in getting a 
 bag legitimately, let it not be said of 
 them that they descended in order to 
 fill it to means unworthy of a true 
 sportsman. 
 
 The Foundation of Strength 
 is Health. 
 
 ABBEY'S 
 
 EFFERVESCENT SALT 
 
 ia the Foundation of Health. 
 
sporting Goods 
 
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 We ship these goods abroad extensively and carrv 
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 More skill can be displayed in a Game of BOBITY 
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 Price Sf.25, of all Dealers. 
 
 klffi 
 
CRICKeX. 
 
 ^.^^ 
 
 ^Kl'OKi:: ^iviiiK the few hints on this time-honored game, 
 I feel It will not f)e out of place to write a few words 
 as to its origin. Surely a game that drew from 
 Wellington the now historical "Waterloo was won 
 on the cricket fields of Eton and Harrow" deserves 
 this : 
 
 Enthusiasts vie with each other in tracing this game 
 to a very early date ; none have yet gone so far back as 
 Adam, though some have gone so far as to interpret certain passages 
 in the Hible to uphold their theory as to its age. We do know that 
 the ancient (Ireeks played " hall '—no, not base-ball -i)all, pure and 
 simple, then callt-d omania, which consisted of throwing ''skiers" 
 for one anotiier to catch. 
 
 Although many other games of "ball"" were played by the 
 ancients as well as by modern countries, we fail to find the fair*-est 
 analogy to our "noble game," in as much as no mention is ever 
 made of the ball being hit by anything but the hand. On these 
 grounds we claim cricket as essentially an English game — English in 
 its character, English in its origin. This being granted, it may well 
 be asked why the English j)eople possess the only field game of a 
 truly scientific character. 
 
 The answer is simple : Patricians and Plebians have played 
 together with an absolute and joyous oblivion, for the time, of all 
 social distinctions, which has rendered the game amenable to 
 refining influences. 
 
 It may be mentioned that even France has claimed the honor 
 of its nationality, it having been said by a 
 French writer to be but a variety of the old 
 French game '\/eu de vieuiy A weighty 
 argument against this theory is that at the 
 present time the French mind seems hope- 
 
 "For the morning 
 after the night be- 
 fore" use ABBEY'S 
 Effervescent Salt. 
 
72 SJ'ORTS Ol (IKKATHR BRITAIN. 
 
 lessly bewildered in the attempt to distinguish between the sense, 
 sound, and pronunciation of " cricket " and " wicket ' — both of 
 break-jaw difficulty in utterance to Frenchmen. A Frenchman, M. 
 Kervigan, in his work entitled " 1/Anglais a Paris" (1866), thus 
 describes cricket : — "Two (or more) players, armed with bats like 
 Harlequins, but three or four centimeters thick, stand opposite one 
 another at a distance of from fifty to seventy paces, more or less, 
 according to their skill. Behind them are planted two stakes, three 
 feet high. Two little sticks, appeles wicket, are placed across the 
 top of the stakes. Finally, there is a wooden ball, covered with 
 leather, about the size of a large orange ; and the skill consists in 
 hurling the ball, by means of the bat, so that it may strike the stakes 
 of the adversary, which one is assured of having done when one sees 
 the wicket fall ' 'J'his description surely will convince even the most 
 sceptical that ket is not a French game. 
 
 The scientific development of cricket is referable in a gieat de- 
 gree to the countenance and support of the English public schools 
 and universities. While many of the old games .show signs of 
 decadence, Cricket every year gams in strength, not only in the 
 United Kingdom, but wherever the British flag waves. Take for 
 instance Australia, who has had the temeritv to " beard the lion in 
 its den,'" and not only that, but has shown the Mother country it is 
 able to send to England a team powerful enough at times to make 
 her lower her cobrs I Nor — such is the good feeling among true 
 cricketers— does England complain 1 far from it, each succeeding 
 visit she gives a heartier welcome to her sons from the Antipodes. 
 
 jfj Canada, too, has shown that she has exponents who can well up- 
 
 hold the honor of the old game, though they may never attain to the 
 proficiency of their Australian cousins, through climatic influence, 
 their season being so short they are debarred from a certain amount 
 of the practice, which is so essential in order to become first class. 
 Let us view cricket as a mode of warfare, then cricketers should be 
 
 the bravest of the brave, magnanimous to 
 offenders, and forgetful of social differences 
 in the feeling that cricket is an English game, 
 and such a game that all others having any 
 claim to nationality must be dimmed, if not 
 totally eclipsed, in comparison with it. 
 
 '\ 
 
 ABBEY'S 
 
 Effervescent Salt, 
 
 the Foundation 
 
 of Health. 
 
S1'(JKTS 01 fiKKATER HKIIAIN. 
 
 73 
 
 In my love for the game I fear I have stra\ecl from mv text ; to 
 return then to its origin. We fmd the dissvllable "cricket" first 
 used in tlK.- time of Elizabeth, hut of the game to which it referred 
 no recount is given. Little is heard of it in the 17th century but 
 on the opening of the .8th the clouds sheer off, and a sunbeam, 
 which seeuis to have lost its way. once more illuminates the pages of 
 the history ol the game. It .s worthy of note that up to this time 
 the game had not travelled beyond a radius of forty miles from 
 London. 
 
 It is pretty generally conceded that cricket was first regularly 
 played at (luildford in Surrey, for there is still in existence a docu- 
 ment referring to a piece of land in thai town-a dispute arose as to 
 its occupation by om- John Parrislu-. 
 
 One witness " declared he knew the land in question for fifty 
 years, for when he was ai the Free School he went on it with other 
 lads and played .-rickt-t and .^tlur plays.'" This enquiry aros<- in the 
 fortieth year of Eli/abelh-s reign. As 1 have before said, it was in 
 the 18th century cricket made a decided move, for a match is 
 recorded as having been played at liirmingham, whilst the battle of 
 Preston was being fought against the rebels. 
 
 About 1710 cricket ha.l grown into such colossal proportions 
 in Kent, that that ••ouiity challenged the whole of England, con- 
 siderable sums of money being staked on the result, the non-payment 
 of which ended in a lawsuit. 
 
 The game now !)ecame an instrument for gambling, and for a 
 time found little fiwor either as a moral or noble pastime. To cjuote 
 from the Gentleman's Magazine {1743): "Cricket is a very 
 innocent and wholesome exercise, yet it may be abused if either 
 great or little people make it their business ; it is grossly abused 
 when it is made the subject of public advertisements, to draw 
 together a great crowd of [people, who ought all of them to be 
 somewhere else. The diversion of cricket may be proper in holiday 
 time, but upon days when men ought to be busy, it is not only 
 improper but also mischievous in a high 
 degree."' This was written nearly 150 years 
 ago, and I have no doubt there are many 
 now who endorse these sentiments. 
 
 The above is certainly a gloomy picture 
 
 Abbey's Effervescent 
 
 Salt 
 
 Retains and Regains 
 
 Health. 
 
74 SPORTS OK (IKKAIKR liRITAIN. 
 
 of the past, but judginj^ from the uholt- production -a part only of 
 which I have (juotcd its author had httle liking for the game. 
 As tmie wore on, the public censor asserted his jjower as 
 regards gambling ; ihe atmosphere sweetened, and the game grew 
 into favor. The adjectives "manly and noble"' were applied to it. 
 These are proudly retained to thi.s day. 
 
 A noteworthy date in the history of cricket is the year 1774 
 when a conmiittee met and settled the rules, as nearly as possible 
 as they exist to-day, though in slightly different language. 
 
 The first " Cricketers' (luide " came out in i<S 10, compiled by 
 Lambert, whose hints to young players are as usehil to-day as when 
 given 80 years ago. Round arm bowling now appeared, and there 
 was as much talk among cricketers as to its discoverer, as among 
 mathematicians to decide between Leibnitz and Newton as the 
 discoverer of "The Doctrine of Fluxions." 
 
 It would take far more space than 1 am allowed, to trace the 
 rapid advance now made by cricket ; to show how it had spread we 
 will simply state that a match was played in 1843 at Toronto, versus 
 St. C.eorge's Cluf) of New Voik ; whilst in 1823, during Sir Edward 
 I'arry's second voyage in search of a north-west i)assage, a match 
 was played in latitudes above 80". 
 
 Giant strides were made about 1849 by the establishment of 
 the " All England Eleven," which travelled all over England, leaving 
 the mark of cricket behind. 
 
 It is hardly possible to estimate the advantages resulting from 
 naval and military cricket all over the world ; and, indeed how 
 intolerable would be the life of either service, but for occasional 
 relaxation out of doors, or ashore, such for instance as that afforded 
 by the mimic strife of cricket. 
 
 Having brought the game down to well within the memory of our 
 grandfathers, and I fancy to most of my readers a later date even I 
 will leave it in the able hands of "Lillywhites Cxuide" to furnish 'all 
 later information. 
 
 I cannot close this short history of the 
 infancy of the game without ([uoting a passage 
 from the writings of the only Frenchman who 
 has dared to criticise cricket— M. F:s(]uiros, 
 
 ABBEY'S 
 
 Effervescent Salt 
 
 Excites 
 
 the Appetite. 
 
SPORTS OK CRKATKU IIKITAIN. 
 
 75 
 
 m his work sneers at the moral effect which cricket is supposed to 
 have on the population. He insinuates that the " predeliction 
 lor It as an insi-uiuent for education and iniprovenient, is 
 partly due to agreeable reminiscence of the teachers." (;ranted 
 this IS so, still the teacher who cr.i enter into and enjoy games with 
 his pupils, has a far easier task to get work from them during 
 school hours than would otherwise he the case. In conclusion, 
 then, let us ail join in wishing "Long may cricket nourish (Ireat 
 Britain and her colonies."' 
 
 A KKW MINIS TO VOUNc; l!OWI,KRS. 
 
 These hints are given simply for young howlers, though if they 
 are of service to mature cricketers, I shall indeed he pleased. 
 
 It has been said that "it is the pace which kills" ; this is true 
 in bowling, but my young friend must remember the pace may kill 
 him before he kills the batsman ; therefore I would warn all young 
 bowlers not to overtax their strength when first learning ; but when 
 their action is thoroughly settled which action should l)e natural - 
 gradually to increase the pace, which will enable them to keep entire 
 control of the ball. 
 
 There is a groat deal of nonsense talked about such and such a 
 ball having been a very good one : as a matter of fact, it might really 
 have been a very bad one, but the batsman by his bad play made 
 It into a good one. We cannot lay down a hard and fast line as to 
 what is really a good ball, for what might be such to one player 
 would perhaps be hit for four by another ; still it is safe to say that 
 if a medium-pace bowler keeps a length of 4>^ yards from the wicket, 
 he cannot be knocked about very much ; and I would have you 
 remember, both batsman and bowler, that that ball, though it be not 
 straight, is as good a one, save for bowling the man out, as if it were 
 straight : by this I mean that a good length ball off the wicket is as 
 hard, if not more so, to keep down, as when on the wicket. Be 
 sure, if you are to stray from this pitch, to let it be farther up and 
 not shorter ; for the farther you pitch up, within reason, the more 
 
 likely you are to get catches. 
 
 Always, when practising, bowl with the 
 same action, and in fact do everything the 
 same, as if you were in a match. 
 
 I )o not strive to get work or twist on 
 
 * The Roses of Health come 
 to the cheeks 
 through the daily use of 
 
 ABBEY'S 
 EFFERVESCENT SALT. 
 
;(' SPORTS OF GREATKK liKlTAIN. 
 
 ,,, the ball till you can iK)\vl straight and pitch the hall within 4 inches 
 
 III ^ of where you wish to. N'ariation of pace will get far more wickets 
 
 || than miles of twist. 
 
 ^ After all is said on the theory of bowling, there is one bald fact 
 
 for the bowler to grasj) ; that is, he must use his head in discovering 
 the weak spot in the batsman, for every batsman has one ; having 
 found it, then comes the time to make use of his store of theoretic 
 
 k. and of practical knowledge. 
 
 Finally, my bowler in embryo, ilon't get cross if a man misses a 
 catch ; smile as you were wont to smile ; keep your head cool 
 though you may be hit for six ; try him again, but give the ball a 
 litlle more elevation and shorten the length, when virtue may be 
 rewarded, and you may be able to study with pleasure the symmetry 
 of your opponent's back as he retires to the Pavilion. 
 
 iuthn'c. 
 
 I am sure it is unnecessary to jjoint out to cricketers that there 
 arc many wielders of the bat who cannot be called batsmen— the 
 former are (luite content to hit the ball one time in six, while the latter 
 lay themselves out to play the ganit-. It is not vc'-y difficult even 
 for an outsider to distinguish between them, l-'or any of my readers 
 who may not be (luite sure, I will take the liberty of giving a few 
 pointers. First, the "would-be"" batsman usually comes on the 
 ground late, taking care to let everyone know he has arrived. 
 Having satisfied the spectators of this important fact, he divests 
 himself of his natural garments and walks into the field, of course 
 not forgetting his cricket war-paint. He then proceeds to practice, 
 getting some jinnocent soul to bowl lobs to him so that he may 
 make sensational hits, and elicit ecstatic cheers from the ignorant 
 mob. 
 
 Mark on the other hand the "Cricketer,'* and by this I mean 
 the man who not only understands, but plays the game --how differ- 
 ently he behaves ; no fuss or bother -he has done his practice long 
 ago ; he may, perhaps, have half-a-do/en balls just to see if his eye 
 *uv \ ^^ 1 's straight, and there is an end of it : his 
 
 silSheX^! I '-'- '^ "" ^-'''' ^^^"^^'"^ ^-^ ^' '"^^ »- 
 health-preserviig pre- "'"""^"^ '• ^'^ ^^^'^ "«^ ^^'^"^ a band of 
 
 music to usher hmi into the wicket ; and 
 
 -' when asked, " How was that ?" instead of 
 
SPORTS f)K f.ur.vrKR liRITAIN. 
 
 77 
 
 answering, " Oh, awful luck vou know, old chap ; hall hit on a bit 
 of dirt, you know;" our critkcitr replies grimly, "Hit my wicket 
 down, coiifoun.l it." This, young players, is rather a homily to you 
 on how to play the batstuans game theoretically ; now I will try in 
 my poor way to throw it into practical form. 
 
 Here again I repeal that these hints, as well as those on 
 bowling, are intended for young players ; though of course I will 
 consider it a comi)limeiU if older men fmd them worth reading. 
 
 'I'o business then : First of all, you play with too large a bat ; 
 now, don't mistake me, 1 do not mean too broad, but too heavy and 
 too long in tia- handle. I5v all means use a bat with as large a 
 surface as cricket law will allow. No boy can play <:;-/<:/&<'/— though 
 many attcm|)t it with a bat that weighs 2 lbs. 2 o/. at the most, 
 and which he has not had (piite one-half inch cut off the ordinary 
 handle. After having selected his bat of about this weight, the 
 corresponding thickest nart being about 2 '4 inches from the bottom, 
 he should then get the handle to fit his hand, so as to be able to 
 get a good grip of it. Handles are, as a rule, made too small, a 
 fault easily remedied by adding another layer of twine, or, if this is 
 not sufficient, a coating of wash-leather ; though I do not advise this 
 for those in the hal)it of making centuries, as it is apt to get greasy. 
 
 I presume now thai you are fitted out, but still I suppose you 
 want " pads " and gloves. Well, in choosing the former, though the 
 bat ought to |)rotect wickets and legs, get a pair that fit, and see 
 that the straps are perfect before you go in to bat ; and for the latter, 
 always have a new pair to lend a novice, while you borrow a good 
 old pair from some confiding friend for your own use. Take my 
 word for it, you will be far more comfortable. 
 
 Always look at the batting list before the innings commences ; 
 and I would advise that yon should make your entry from the 
 pavilion — from whence you are expected— and not draw extra atten- 
 tion to yourself by coming from some shady spot on the ground, or 
 from the grand stand, then your duck's egg — if the fates have it so — 
 
 will be far more palatable. Having got to the 
 wicket, take guard still without fuss : by 
 guard I mean get to know that your right 
 foot is clear of the wicket, that is, that your 
 toe is as nearly in a line with the leg stump as 
 
 Health comes Arom 
 the daily use of 
 
 Abbey's 
 Effervescent Salt 
 
78 
 
 SPORTS OF GRRATKR BRITAIN. 
 
 is possible without covering it ; this being done, it does not matter 
 in the least wliere your bat is, for to a certain extent you will be 
 bound to follow out the golden rule of a batsman, '* Keep your bat 
 straight " I This is the whole secret for young players ; old ones 
 may take liberties by which they suffer : keej) your bat straight, and 
 coMinu)n sense must tell you that the bowler has pretty hard work to 
 hit your wicket. 
 
 This renunds nie of an anecdote of a boy who, looking on at a 
 match, with his mother, and being rather down-hearted because his 
 side was getting the worst of it, on being reminded that his brother 
 had yet to go in, said : "Pooh! he don't play with a straight bat " : 
 upon which his fond parent remarked consolingly, " Never mind 
 boy, I'll buy him a straight one I " 
 
 Meing now in position I take it for granted you have in your 
 mind's eye t'ne position of the fieldsmen ~ you are ready to receive 
 ttie attack of your whilom enemy, the bowler -as regards whom, 
 never mind what idiotic gyrations, or tortuous windings he may go 
 through, remember it is not the man you have to play, but the ball — 
 therefore you have to keep your eye on the ball, and the ball only. 
 The ball having left the bowler's hand, it is for you to make up your 
 mind at once how it is to be played ; for should you be caught in 
 two minds, woe betide you. Of course this is a matter of practice, 
 but to assist you at the critical time, tlie following rules will be a fair 
 guide : ist -Should the wicket be hard and i^ood, play right straight 
 out, keeping the left shoulder as well ovt "^e hot as possible, which 
 will enable you to keep the ball along the • lloor." 2nd — The wicket 
 being dead, i.e. slow, play l)ack, watching carefully the break, whether 
 it be frcni the off or leg, by which means you may be ready to take 
 full advantage of that sweetest of all sweet things— a I'Mig hop. To 
 assist you a little further, when watching the delivery of the ball 
 your eye should practice itself to tike in the bowler's wrist : should 
 the Hudcr [)art turn upwards, which is the ca>e 90 times out of a 
 
 hundred, the ball will break into you : 
 ' ut if the toj) |)art turns upwards, the 
 ball will cdtne in from tiie leg. As 1 
 am here talking to beginners I will not 
 bother you willi ai.y remarks as to 
 '• placing"— this you may or may not 
 
 Happiness is the outcome 
 ot Health. Health is 
 the outcome of the use 
 of Abbey's Effervesc Mit 
 Salt. 
 
si'Okrs or c.reatkr r.KiTAiN. 
 
 79 
 
 be able to do wiih, say two or three years hard practice, ^^'e will 
 now take it that our young batsman has been playing carefully, and 
 has his double figure, I would here advise that the batsman should 
 count all his runs ; it makes him [)lay far more steadily, apart from 
 the good done to the memory and the player's arithmetic; he should 
 not then think it time to go in for a smile or gallery stroke, but play 
 the innings through as he has commenced ; he will have plenty of 
 opportuni'.ics of hilling bad balls without any risk, keeping in mind 
 the fact that batsmen are put out by their own foolishness far oftener 
 than by the cleverness oi the bowler. Keep away from all fanry 
 strokes, such as the "draw."" playing "under the leg," "cutting off 
 the middle stump, " etc., etc. ; liiese are all very well for old hands, 
 but sudden death to ihe youngster. 
 
 I am afraid my young reader will say, " its all very fine : he 
 tells me what not lo do, and does not say much about what we are 
 to do." 'I'o this I answer, '' If you follow out these few main rules 
 as to what not to do, and if you have cricket in you, instinct will 
 most assuredly suggest wiiat you are to do. IJut should you do 
 what you ought not to do, instinct has no chance to assist you." 
 Al)Ove I have said " if you have cricket in you." Now, if you have 
 not, it is no more use for you to try and rise al)0ve the level of the 
 mediocre school-boy player tiian for one wIkj lias no music in him 
 to endeavor to become a .Mo/art. 
 
 To be a good cricketer, the game must be inherited just the 
 same as music, painting, etc. This bt ing so, steady practice does 
 the rest. Now just one word as to running ; for nothing looks so 
 utterly feeble as to see men collide in the middle of the wicket. 
 
 '1 "o avoid such cntastrophes, alwavs run to your left. When 
 called, make up xour luiiKl at once whether you will run or slop 
 your partner ; if the latter it nuist be done instantaneously, or the 
 • blame is on your shoulders. Theie is no reason or law against you 
 saying " No," if \()U do not think you are ahle to make the run. 
 Should the jioiiit be contested, you ma\' 
 
 remind your partner that it lakes two to , _ ««v«^^ o^ «»w«,i-vBt, , 
 make a run, and that the fac! of his gelling 
 down to your wicket doi s not necessarily 
 ensure your getting luck to his. 
 
 Nature's Greatest 
 Gift is Health. 
 Abbey's Effervescent 
 Salt gives Health. 
 
I 
 
 The 
 
 Standard 
 
 IjZIPE 
 
 Assurance =• Company, 
 
 OF EDINBURGH, SCOTLAND. 
 
 ESTABLISHED 1825. 
 
 (SI. — • — .® 
 
 Head Office in Canada, - Montreal. 
 
 Subsisting Assurances $117,000,000 
 
 Invested Fumls 42,000.000 
 
 Annual Income „ver 5,100.000 
 
 Bonuses Distributed 29,503.000 
 
 Investments in Canada 13.500,000 
 
 Low Rates, 
 
 Absolute Security, 
 
 Unconditional Policies. 
 
 PROMPT SETTLEMENT OF CLAIMS. 
 
 J. HUTTON BflliFOUH, W. m. HRCnSRV, 
 
 Superintendent. Manager. 
 
GOLF, 
 
 i',-„twi^ 
 
 [VJOW that (loir has taken siu'li a prominent position in 
 
 ^ the worlJ of s|>oi"l, it is impossil)li.', in such a small 
 
 * hook as tliis is, to i^ive that amount of attention the 
 
 game deserves. This is all tlie more to be regretted 
 
 since no l)ody of men are more willing to pay for 
 
 ■^^^S- I'tt-'ralure [)ertauiing to their favorite game than are 
 
 t^ A^^ golfers, and no tjody of men criticise the work more 
 
 keenly. Still, a hook with the title this one possesses, 
 
 would be far from comjilele without (lolf, so I must e'en brave the 
 
 critics, and with some kind assistance from Mr. Lanskill, trust that 
 
 mv Haying may l)e of a gmile nature. 
 
 Of the origin and history of this game little need be said. The 
 term 'golf,'' |)r(inounce(l ,i;;o/f, is evidently derived from tlie (icrman 
 v.'ord /y-if//>(', signifying a club, or llie Dutch woid /co//, of similar 
 meaning, and impKing a game \vhic;h is placed with club and ball, 
 (lames with club and tiall are numi.rous. and tneir origin is doubt- 
 less coeval with man. 
 
 lUit so far as liriiain is concerned, the origin ot golf must be 
 conceded to Scotland, where, as early as March, 1457, the game was 
 being played with sw h zeal as greatly to interfere wid^ what was 
 deemed a more popular necessity, vi/., that of training in archer)'. 
 Although decit-es were passed that golf *' l>r cryit do:^n and rocht 
 usit^' and that ■'//(' ['lace be used for fntehalL i:oife, or other sik 
 unprolitabill spoytCi^' the [uople gave no heed. Somehow they had 
 l)e»\.nie pc.ssessetl nf so fascinating a sjiort, that it further be(-ame 
 necessarv to ''prohibit such pasty me as i^o// upon the Sabbath day.'' 
 It mav be the people were more anumable to this last decree, but 
 nothing could dislodge the lnvc and dr'light - 
 which the peo[)le of Scotland have always 
 
 The constant use of 
 
 1 r I .1 r , rr,J \ Abbey's Eftisrvesoent 
 entertauied for this their lavorite game. i_ .. •'... . 
 
 In the end, however, it was rei i)gni/.e( 
 
 "' '^' [Salt will keep you in 
 ''*' '^' I good health. 
 the national game of Scotland, and mon- 
 
82 
 
 si-ORTS oi (;ki..\ii:k hkiiain. 
 
 arclis iKjcaiiK' not only its ])air()i)s, hut thty also distinguislied 
 themselves in the practice of the noble science. 
 
 M\- oliject is not merely to in( ite a love for the game. I desire 
 at the outset to notice sonu' of its many advantages. To play the 
 game successfully requires a vast amount of most prompt and careful 
 judgment, it entails also the most iinigoraling and healthy action 
 of arms and legs. Indeed, I might sav, although in regard to it 
 there may lie e\ci'ptions, a good golfer should possess the cool head 
 of a professional whist or chess player. He shoukl possess, more- 
 over, the arms of a navv} or Macksmith, and the imtiring energy of a 
 September sjx)! tsman. 
 
 In golluig there is no st;ition;uy \voil< for either legs, arms, or 
 brain. Like the fact' of nature, the game is a series of jjerpetual 
 changes. I'roblem aht r problem, or, if you like it better, difficulty 
 after difficult)- arises, which you are calKd upon to surmount by coo) 
 judgment and prompt ac lion. And as thosi- dililicullies, subject as 
 they are to llie ruks ol ciiance, may never oi-cur twice untler similar 
 cir<um>taiices, the exercise of judgment has therefore the wider 
 scope. In golfing there ts no tall, as in the game of cricket, for any 
 sudden and \iolenl e.\ercise to be followed b\ a chilling inactivitv. 
 
 There are some men to whom the term "tluffer"'is a|)[)lied. 
 Man\ of such men an- blessi'd with great nuiscular power, and 
 nothing seems to give them so nuich pleasure as driving a ball 
 single-handeti, and in that way fuml)ling, to[)ping and bunkering 
 over a golf (ourse. I!ut e\fn an indifferent player, or an elderly 
 man who cannot stand too much hard work, can indulge in a 
 modified form of the game-, lie may |)lay in what is called a 
 "foursome" by securing a partner better (pialilied than himself, or 
 by special arrangement he may hire a first-class professional to |)ull 
 him through. As a rule, a bad driver is a good ha:;d at trie short 
 game. A foursome IS b\ no means such hard work as a "single. 
 In the former case, the partners playing every alternate stroke, it 
 amounts to just one half of arms' work, unless one's ally is con- 
 
 tinually landing himself in the jaws of some 
 
 Abbey's Ettervescent terrific san<lbunker. .Some men prefer the 
 
 Salt is a standard 
 
 milde; work of a foursome to tlie harder 
 
 English preparation. 
 
 It's use gives health. ^''"''' "' :^ ^"^«'^^- ^^^'^^''-^ a^^'i'n, will play 
 
 a single in the morning and a foursome in 
 
Sl'DKI-; OK CI^MAIKK l;ia IAIN. 
 
 83 
 
 the aflerno,,!,. To \vu, a -allanl colunrl said to mil- last . summer ; 
 "I n.nir play 'siiioUs' Doll, moniinL; ;,iul afUTDooii. Ifs far loo 
 hard work.- '\'hc m (lud to th,, old ada-r, - All work and no play," 
 crossi.l my mm, I, and ii oc.urrrd lo m.- that the: -allant colonel had 
 invented a new application (jf the ol.l |)roverl). 
 
 (ioli. thrn. i.s a ,^ame admiral, ly adapted for almost all con- 
 •^''^i;'"-^ "'' """• I' '^■^nhs in th.' formaii.Mi of i.itiuliy societies, 
 Siich as -mtlcii.Mi-s clul)^, arli.aiis- rlul.s, caildirs' eluhs, and iii 
 seaside |)Ij(vn thm- arc aUo iisli.Miuirs chih-,. Ail iIksc, as a rule 
 meet and play oi> tlir same -reen without any collision whatever! 
 This arises iVom tiu' fact that all su'.mii to i|,i. strict discipline ot the 
 game. Indeed, a -..It" rule comnunds. I feMi, more respe. t and 
 prompt ()lw;di..Mic.e tiian <lo man\ in the Decalo-ue. 
 
 Ciolf need not lie a ruinously (A|K-nsivi- uame. In i)hot(.i;raphy 
 when a man has secured lo himself a -ood camera, the -ri'at exi.eiise 
 IS over. .So is it in -oil : when a man has j,ro\ided himself with a 
 comi)leie set of clul,.s, he ma\ kee|) iiis e\pc:nses, so far as the ^;aiiK; 
 is concerned, within a small c ompas.. llut. in addition to tlu' dubs, 
 I must not oiiut to mention the !iec^ssit\ of providing' a convenient 
 and suitahle diess tor .n^jliin-. .\ -olfin,- ri-oul is neither extensive 
 nor expensive. It is easilv ohtaincl, and few ueiillemen's wardrobes 
 are ever de^iitute ol wh.it is re'juired under am emer^enc\'. 
 
 I!ut besides lhes(; not very e\()eiiHve externals, soniet!iin,L( more 
 is needed to pla\ the -aiiie of -o|f. .\ man must needs have a -'ood 
 eye, and abo\c all, a -o.ul temp( 1. He must be content to recognise 
 withc'iuanimi'y an error of judgment, as well a.^ to receive graciously 
 an\- deleat wlcc h he ma\ sustain at the iiands of the ad\ersary with 
 whom he ma\ be contending. In the case of defeat, let thecau.se 
 be what it ma\, a man would tlo wi^'ly if he contented himself U) 
 abide by the lolloumL: luolto ; " lle.den, but not con(|iiered." Cool 
 players alwa_\s score at golf in the long run, but a hastv lempiT leads 
 lo ■' pressing," " tojiping," " breaking clnbs," and oth'-rwise going to 
 pieces in all parts of lii.- game. Apart Irom the.-,e issues of a hasty 
 
 tem|)er, it \ery often ha[ii)ens that the - -. 
 
 coolest |)layer is what is called '"off his No Other preparation 
 game." In thai case there is no 1, t or ^'^ "J"" ^ ^00^" as 
 hindrance to his g<.ing out an.l practising ^^^^^^'' E«ervescent 
 by himsell\ It may be he is out of torni ■ - 
 
S4 
 
 Sl'OKTS OF CRKAIKK MKITAIN. 
 
 in the use of one or more particular cluhs : for each clul), as I sliall 
 set forth hereafter, is for a sjjecial purpose. Hut, anyliow, he ean 
 Wy such (luiet practice sooti iMini; his hand round so as to resume its 
 wonted cunning in the use of either this or that club. 
 
 By some persons, not players of course, golf has been regarded 
 as a dangerous game. Mishajjs are more likely to happen to 
 strangers than to those who are versed in the game and the rules of 
 the game. The golf cou.se is a place for jjlayers, but not for star- 
 ga/ers. If a nuiii wishes to see the game played with safety to hnu- 
 self, let him walk with any party going out from beginning to end. 
 lUit should he leave the \n\rty when about mid course, it will most 
 likely ha[)pen that he will find him.self between the firing of the out- 
 going and incoming players. The danger of golf, therefore, is simply 
 nothing to the golfer, though it may t■^ist for the foolishly unwary. 
 
 .\|)\UK I OK i;t';(;i\\i':Rs. 
 
 In conuiiencing this uuporlnnt subject, I cannot too stronf5;ly 
 impress upon the mind of a beginner the necessity of ac(iuiring at 
 the outset the true and perfect style of playing the game. A had 
 beginning, as a rule. mak(;s a bad ending, and a badly accpiired 
 style, whether it be in golf or in any other game, clings to a man 
 like a limpet to a rock ; for, when once indulged in, it is extremely 
 ditificult to unlearn. .\ beginner should, if possible, engage the ser- 
 vices of some experienced player, who in a short lime would con- 
 duct his pupil through all the intricacies of the ganije in a manner 
 not to be conveyed by books. .\ good player, as a matter of course, 
 takes great di'light in iilaying the game, and, according to my own 
 experience, he has e(iual deiiglu in teaching an ajjt pui)il. Iksides 
 receiving the benefit of oral instruction from an expert, the pupil 
 would also have the immense advantage of watching ? pattern stroke 
 made by his teacher. 
 
 Bui, as a gocxl teacher is not always ready at hand, 1 will do my 
 best to convey the useful hints which I have received. 
 
 In playing the garse of golf, it is absolutely necessary at the out- 
 
 set to be told a few essential facts. 
 
 I Abbey's Eftfervescent ; ].irst, then, I must say a few words as 
 ^*^* I to the manner of holding or grasping the 
 
 play club. 'I'he main idea is to grasp the 
 handle tightly with the upper hand, while 
 
 Cures as well as 
 1 Prevents Disease. 
 
SI'OKIS OK GRKAIKR HKIIAIN. 
 
 85 
 
 the lower hand imisl be held loosely. The lower hand will act 
 simply as a guide to the club. The V's formed by the thumbs 
 and lirsl lingers in each gnisp should be parallel down the 
 shaft of the ihib, and the knuckles should also be invisible 
 to the player. J5ul take special notice of this: The club should 
 be gripped with the lingers, and not with the palms of the 
 hands. In preparing to make a stroke the feet should be planted 
 well apart, in order to give steadiness to the body, as well as to pro- 
 vide for its future movements in the full delivery of a stroke. For 
 similar reasons also tlie knees should be slightly bent and the body 
 leaning forwards. In the position thus taken the ball should be as 
 nearly as possible in a line with the front or left foot. Remember 
 also in gripi)ing to keep the ilumd)s over the first and second fingers 
 - -the wrists down, and the arms well and freely extended from tlit: 
 body. Stand at such a distance that the ball can be reached with 
 ease in the down coming of the club. Do not stand too near, or 
 over the ball, nor conunil the ojjposite fault by standing too far 
 away, thereby causing a loss of force by over-reaching. If these 
 simple directions be followed, the learner will avoid those frightful 
 errors, which, in golling terms, are known as " topping," " heeling," 
 " toeing," etc. Hy " top|)ing " a tjall is meant striking it above the 
 cetUre, insleail of getting a good hold on the ball. iJy "heeling" 
 a ball is meant striking it with the heel of the club. The effect of 
 such a strt)ke would 1 erlainly not be to send the !)all in a straight 
 line, but to drive it widely to the right, whereas a "' toed " ball would 
 be driven away to the left. 
 
 To ensure a successtul stroke, es[)ecially when making the long 
 drive, there is .1 needful [Heparation called "addressing one's self to 
 the ball." It is noi ahva\s easy lo judge, without experiment, a'- 
 what distance to stand from the ball, liul this position is arrived 
 at by the |)la\er reaching out with the club to tin; ball, and standing 
 as already described, when bv a lew lem[)()ri/ing movements of his 
 club above and behind the ball (which action is call "addressing 
 
 one's self to the ball") a pro[)er judgment ^ 
 
 of distance and direction may be arrived at. 
 Some persons occupy nuich lime o\er this 
 business, and rue apt to be credited with 
 "overnnn:h llourish." A moderate amount 
 
 ABBEY'S 
 
 Effervescent Salt 
 
 is 
 
 VIVIFIC. 
 
S6 
 
 Sl'OKTS OF (■.RK.Mi;K IlKIIAIN. 
 
 of this preparation is not only L'\cusal)lc, hut is also al)SoliiteIy 
 iiect'ssary, for reason alrrady siau'tl. liy thus wavinj^ the club 
 a few times to and fro a greater freedom of wrists and arms 
 are a((|uire(l. In swinij;in_u, thai is to sa)', in delivering a stroke with 
 the [)lay fluh or with the spoon, it should he swung i)acl< slowl)- and 
 with a circular swing over the right shoulder, until it arrives at the 
 back of the player's neck. The club should then be brought down 
 with sweeping force to the object aimed at, and the greatest im|)etus 
 should be given when the club arrives within a few feet of the ball. 
 The swee|), for sweep it is, must be jjerfectly true and synuiietrieal 
 to the end. IJy this is meant, the club, if properly wielded, will, in 
 its course from the begimiing to the end of the swing, describe about 
 three-fourths of a perfect circle. Any other style than this comes 
 under the head of either high swinging or low swinging, which for 
 long driving are deemed glaring errors. Too nuic.i care, therefore, 
 cannot be taken by beginners to avoid these errors, for, as I have 
 before slated, a i)adly accpiired habit is a most difficult thing to be 
 rid of. 
 
 Another im[)ortant point connected with the swinging of a club 
 is the enforced action on the body, 'j'o ap[)reciate this fact let the 
 beginner try the following exjeriment : Take the club and use it 
 as directed above, but do not, if possible, remove either foot from its 
 original position. The result will be, if you wield the club with full 
 force while maintaining that position, a severe strain upon both arms 
 and body. To avoid this, as also to reaj) the benefit of your full 
 force, the botly must participate in your action. For this [Uirpose, 
 in first swinging up let the body follow the action by the help of the 
 left foot, and in swinging down let the arms and body follow the 
 direction of the ball. The latter movement is accomplished by 
 rising on the right toe. be careful not to che;.k arms or bodv at 
 the ball, but follow the stroke through. Hy these means the striker 
 will be enabled to send the ball with swiftness and unerring accuracy. 
 Still, however, to acf|uire that accuracy one thing more is 
 17 ~~, • needful, which I have reserved for special 
 
 AhW'c ?lf "^® ^l '^"^'•■^'- ^^•'^^■'"g '""l^^d ahead, and having 
 Abbeys Effervescent , , , .... . , ^ 
 
 Salt will keep your s ''""'"^^^'^ "I'''" ^'^"' ^'"■^'^■t'<>'i ol play, you 
 
 blood pure. ' '^'^"'^ ^"■'^'^^ >'""■ attention to the ball. 
 
 — — ' Remember this —while in the act of 
 
SI'DRTS OF CKKAII.K l;KIIAI.\. 
 
 S7 
 
 making a .strokL-, do not on any account allow your eyes lu waiidur 
 from the ball ; no, not for an instant. Aim at strikinj; tiie hall with 
 the ccnLre of the lace of the iluh, and strike well at the root of the 
 ball so as to avoid topfjing or missing the b;ill allogetlier. Ii would 
 be belter to .?6-///(?//" the turraluile, i\\k\ give the ball a chance of 
 going, rather than to continue the habit of hilling the ball on the 
 top. A lopped Ixill makes no progress, and the action presents a 
 most unseemly operation on the part of the i)laver. 
 
 Having acquired a knowledge of ihc ccjrrect style, position and 
 swing for driving, then by nil means go out alone and iMaclise all day, 
 from day to day, until i)roliciencv therein is attained. Nou might 
 ifpo.ssible, choose as your companion an c\|)cricn.ed caddie, who 
 would take no small interest in your efforts ; and nou would do well 
 to invite his criticism, ksl any fault be unconsciouslv ilevelo|)ed in 
 your exercise. 
 
 Do not as a beginner be over-anxious to play in matches, but 
 spend much time in (uiiet |)raclice alone. Ncj one. with any 
 ex[)erience, cares to i)lay with an erratic beginner, because it lends 
 to make even a good player careless, l-aults are infectious. 
 
 I'll riN(;. 
 
 1 will now proceed to give you some few hints on putting. 
 Many of the best players vary in their standing position while 
 putting. Some stand in front of the ball, while others lake up a 
 position behind it. Some, again, will stand near, and others as far 
 as possible hom the ball ; while some will grij) the < lub short, and 
 others give it its full length. i!ul the following is, I think, the best 
 course to adopt : Stand s(|uare to the ball, having the feet about 
 eighteen inches apart, and so arrange yourself that the ball may lie 
 a little nearer to the right foot than lo the left. Aim at the back of 
 the hole — which means the further side f>f the iiole from where you 
 stand and allow the i)ulter, in its motion, to follow the ball. Hut 
 in doing so be careful to avoid shoving or [lushing. The ball must 
 
 be played fairly and honestly for the 
 
 hole. I have said, aim at the back of Happiness is the outcome i 
 the hole. At first sight, possibly the I ot Health. Health is I 
 reason for this may not be ap|)arent. the outcome of the use | 
 
 rpi 1 • .1 f ^1 I 11 f V of Abbey's Eftervescent 
 
 The simple reason is that the ball, if it : „ ,. •' 
 ' Salt. 
 
 fall short of the hole, has no chance of 
 
88 
 
 SI'ORTS OK CkKAIKK imiTAIN. 
 
 going in. I therefore say, give the ball a chance. The common 
 advice of a professional teacher to a beginner is, " Remember the 
 hole will not^conie to you." 
 
 'I'he above advice holds good whether you use wooden or iron 
 putters. l"'or my part I prefer the former. Still, if a ball lies cupped 
 on the green, then by all means use a cleek, which is a most useful 
 club when holing out. 
 
 In using the " cleek " let the club lie naturally, and do not 
 place it so as to make its face s(|uare to the ball. In that case you 
 would necessarily be obliged to stand very much in front of the ball, 
 and the hands being thus brought too much in advance of the club 
 head, a truly following stroke under such circumstances could hardly 
 
 be made, 
 
 rr.KiNc. 
 
 I have already explained the teeingground, and now, on the 
 subject of teeing, I offer you the following hints. Whether the 
 teeing be done by yourself, or whether it be done, as is usual, by the 
 caddie whom you engage to carry your clubs while at play, see that 
 only a small pinch of sand be used for the purpose. A ball placed 
 upon a positive mound of sand is as unsightly as it is unnecessary, 
 and the practice is most absurd. Note well, the sand should be so 
 pinched up as to touch only the centre of the ball. Some caddies 
 and inexperienced persons will sometimes put down a big i)at of 
 sand, into the centre of which they positively press the ball. That 
 ball 1 consider to be bunkered rather than teed. 
 
 CKNKR.M, ADVKK. 
 
 Lastly, I come to more general advice, which 1 trust may be 
 also useful to a beginner. It not unfretjuenlly happens that the first 
 day's play of a beginner is better than the second. At this be not 
 disheartened ; it simply suggests the necessity of more steady and 
 (^iet practice. If in playing you lose a hole, especially at the com- 
 mencement of the game, do not begin to fume and fret over it like 
 a child over spilt milk. Remember that other holes are before you, 
 
 and by steadying down you may possibly 
 do better with them. This holds good 
 both in score and hole play. Many a good 
 player may start with a record of two or 
 three holes to the bad, but in the end he 
 
 Nature's Greatest 
 Gift is Health. 
 Abbey's Effervescent 
 Salt gives Health. 
 
.SI'ORTS Ol' CkKAlKR IIKIIAIN, 
 
 89 
 
 may have so retrieved himself as to come in with a good srore, and 
 possibly, alter all, he may t)e amKniiiced the winner. Never talk of 
 bad luck. If you make a bad shot, do not on the next occasion 
 dash at the ball in a rage and hit wildly, in which case the last 
 stroke will, in all probability, be worse than the former. Do not in 
 a fit of passion throw your clubs about. Such an effort could 
 certainly do you no good, and it might be destructive to your clubb'. 
 Always remember that a bad stroke is not the fault of the club, but 
 of the man at the entl of it. 
 
 The roiindation ol Strength ><7, 
 
 . ^ KHHERVKSCKNT -SALT ^—^ 
 
 *^^ is the I'ountiation of Health ^vii* 
 
 C^ is Health. 
 
 •^^ ABBKY'5 
 
IMAGE EVALUATION 
 TEST TARGET (MT-3) 
 
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 V] 
 
 e 
 
 /a 
 
 /a 
 
 ^/ 
 
 
 
 /A 
 
 Photographic 
 
 Sciences 
 
 Corpor&don 
 
 4 
 
 
 V 
 
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 33 WEST MAIN STREET 
 
 WEBSTER, N.Y. 14580 
 
 (716) 873-4503 
 
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The Harold A.Wilson C 
 
 Limited, 
 
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 35 KING STREET W., TORONTO, 
 
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 SOLE CANADIAN AGENTS lor the CHRISTY Bicycle Saddle. 
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 Leading Canadian Manufacturers ot Gymnasium Supplies. 
 
LACROSSE. 
 
 
 C) wiile ii[)on Lacrosse in Montreal, at first si<^ht seems 
 not only a work of su[)ereroj^atioii, i/dt also a rather 
 darinir venture, considering that from the small hoy 
 with his minaturc lacrosse, to the veteran with many 
 scars gained in the game, ahout (;o per cent, of the 
 '^ci''^ Ijopulation arrogate to themselves tiie right to criticize 
 -^ both exponents of and writers on the game. Under these 
 circumstances 1 have thouglit it wiser to give merely 
 general observations on the ])lay, rather than a scientific article on 
 the intricacies of the game. The following short history of the game 
 may be interesting to those who have not yet read of the game in 
 its infancy. 
 
 The game of lacrosse has a very interesting past. It is the 
 invention of the Xorth American Indians, and it is highly i)robab!e 
 that it was played by them as a formulated jiastime as far back as 
 we know |)olo to have been by the Persians. Catlin, in his travels 
 sixty years ago, found tribes lo the number of fortv-eight, and 
 separated by a distance of three thousand miles, playing the early 
 form of the pn.^sent lacrosse in a way that proved it to be a well- 
 established thing, but the earlier records which exist in connection 
 with polo are wanting. In Callin's time, and later, the game was 
 something more than a mere i)astime on occasions, for when tribe 
 met tril)e the interest a|)proached the nature of warfare, the exinte- 
 menl prevailing being no doubt the prototy[)e of what is now 
 witnessed with ourselves amongst the partisans of the contesting 
 sides in a ( 'apital t.s. .Shamrock match. The night previous to the 
 game would be s])eiit in savage modes of preparation, which would 
 but ill accord with our modern notions of , 
 
 training. The whole of the available , The Roses of Health come 
 
 to the cheeks 
 
 males of each tribe appeared to take part ' through the daily use of 
 in the contest : indeed, Catlin's i)ictures abbkvs 
 
 , , 1 , I ,1 1 „ I^FFF.RVfiSCENT SALT. 
 show some huinlrcds engaged. 1 he ball ' 
 
92 
 
 SPORTS OV ClkKAlKK imi'IAIN. 
 
 was of deer skin, stuffed with hair, and the ciosse in which it was 
 carried was a small affair compared with that now in nse, the netting 
 being not much larger than the ball. Two crosses are spoken of, 
 in some cases, the ball being held between the two. Tribes varied 
 a little in their modes of play, whilst each made a "point of using 
 some particular form of crosse. 
 
 Crosse is, of course, a more modern term, given by the French 
 Canadians, because the form of the implement used suggested the 
 Bisho[)'s cro/.itr. From this it is clear that the game, as seen by 
 Catlin, had undergone some development before reaching Montreal 
 and other of the more Eastern towns, 'i'he game, as played before 
 Catlin, must have been a terrific scramble, and without combination. 
 Amongst so many players one could not expect to secure the ball 
 often, so he had to do the most he could when it came in his way. 
 It is not difficult to imagine the frantic efforts which some athletic 
 young brave would make to carry the ball into the goal, and probably 
 he would become considerably damaged in the process. These 
 efforts, it is amusing to learn, were further inspired in the case of 
 married men by the privilege which extended to the wif*^ of making 
 a formitable birch out of hazel switches, and with it relentlessly 
 thrashing her spouse whenever his efforts slackened. As the i)layers 
 wore nothing but a waist-cloth — paint and feathers distinguished one 
 side from the other — the woman was able to inflict considerable 
 punishment; and it was considered shockingly bad form on the part 
 of the husband to offer violence in return. The reason for the 
 extension of a privilege so unusual in the case o." an Indian squaw, 
 was the fact that the women invariably staked a considerable quan- 
 tity of their worldly goods upon the issue of the game. Goals under 
 ordinary conditions, i.e., from two hundred to two hundred and fifty 
 yards apart, appear to have been very easily gained, for the game 
 was commonly one of one hundred i^oints up, each goal counting 
 one point. And now note a very curious thing : did the score reach 
 ninety-five all, the players were allowed to set to ten. It is surprising 
 
 indeed, to find a custom in vogue at rackets 
 and fives developed in the natural order of 
 things by .savages with whom we could have 
 hatl no communion, living across some thou- 
 sands of miles of ocean. The goal posts were 
 
 ABBEY'S 
 
 Effervescent Salt 
 
 Excites 
 
 the Appetite. 
 
SPORTS OF CRKATKR nRil'AIN. 
 
 93 
 
 over twenty feet hi^di, and sometimes the players had only to i^et tlie 
 ball across a goal-line, which would account for the rapid scoring. 
 The old men of the tribes made all preparations, and acted as 
 umpires. The testimony of otiier travellers goes to show that the 
 playing of lacrosse, or the ball-game, as it was called by che Indians, 
 was one of the occu[jations of their life. 
 
 c;KNKRAI, OMSKItNAllONS ON I'l.AV IN IHI'. IIKLI). 
 
 The almost universal ust- of the overhand throw has made the 
 game faster than it was in the first days of its introduction, and there 
 is less running, l)e('ause men are more accurate with their throws, 
 and more handy with their crosses. The old game once consisted 
 of a speedy wing man running down at right angles to the goal, and 
 then ttirowing the ball across, so that it fell in front of the posts. 
 iiut it was soon realised that this could be done much more expe- 
 ditiously by the throw from the centre of the field without much 
 pre[)aratory running. iUit these tactics were not persisted in so 
 soon as defence men took lo holding down the crosses of the attacks 
 as the ball approached and kit the goal-keeper to deal with the ball. 
 No two teams play precisely the same game ; but, as a general thing, 
 it may be assunn;d that the object of the manieuvring is to pass the 
 ball on to one t)l' the homes, who shoots at goal. The rapidity with 
 which this is at times accomplished is one of tlie features of the 
 game. 
 
 A single mistake on the part of a defence player, and the 
 ball may be through the goal in fifteen or twenty second from the 
 start. This is not a hypothetical case, for it happens every season. 
 In the early days of the game, when tlie matches we.e three goals 
 out of *^.ve, the actual play seen in a match of the highest imi)ortance 
 might not exceed half a-do/en minutes, so rajjidly were tlie three 
 goals scored by one side. Now matches are played differently, and 
 it is wonderful that paying spectators ever tolerated tlu' abt)ve system. 
 I refer to this matter with set purpose, for the beginner cannot too 
 soon engraft the fa(~t on his mind, that the ball 'can be made to 
 
 travel through the air some two or three times 
 
 faster than a man can run along the ground, i Health comes from 
 
 Consequently, the most expeditious way of \ *^® J^^^y ^]^^ °^ 
 
 , ,, • , ' . I Abbeys 
 
 getting a ball to a given spot, is lo throw u j Effervescent Salt 
 
 there, and not to carry it thither on the crosse. ' 
 
94 
 
 SI'ORTS OF f.RF.AIKR l!RII'AI\. 
 
 'I"lu' |;l,i\i'r iK'i'il iiL'wr fcnr that his It'L^s will not have had sufficient 
 exeicisr liy llu' .iiiir tiu' iiuilch is over. At lacMosse there is none 
 of llie loui h line pl:i\' which gi\es football plavers uiuler hotli codes 
 short iiuer\;i!s o[ lireathiiig s])ace : the ball is always traxellint;, and 
 ihuse |)l,i\e;s will L;ei on best who can save their powers for those 
 oc(asion> wlun [\]c ball conies in their vicinity and they have to 
 liL;ht for il with an opponent, 'i'lie sudden sprint at top s|)eed 
 which uels the i)la\er to the ball before the opponent is what is 
 valuable in the runnel'. It mav be that no other course than running 
 lies open to him. in that event he must run; but, if a irieiul placed 
 in a favorable ])osilion be unchecked, the ball should go U) him on 
 the instant. Running gives the opi)onents time to concenlrate, and 
 to co\(.r their men. Kunning has been called the refuge of the bad 
 pla\er, and certain it is that an inveterate runner will alwa)s be one 
 who is not cle\er with his crosse. He is a nuisance on a side, for 
 there can be no combination with a man who is jjerpetually sprinting 
 half the length of the field. 
 
 Lacrosse is not a game of sustained effort, but one of a succes- 
 sion of little tussles, the sharper while they last for being short-lived. 
 The player's motto should be. obtain the ball as often as you can ; 
 hold il as little as you can. But this motto cannot be followed out 
 in jjiactice if the player does not (jualify himself therefor. What a 
 novice wants is to have the ball frequently on his crosse, and if 
 is put green-handed into a match this is precisely what he does not 
 get. There is no ([uicker way of getting handy with the crosse than 
 by forming a ring of four or five pla)ers (svith five or more, two balls 
 can be circulating at the same time) and throwing the ball from one 
 to the other. th(; thro\vs being varied as nmch as possible. It is not 
 necessary to hn\e more than one (if the players an e\[)ert, but there 
 should !)e at least one who initiates the learners into the various 
 throws and the manner of catching the ball. It must be the object 
 of each man to i)ass the ball on with the greatest ex|)edition. 
 Catches will come to him high and low, and wide on either side^ and 
 
 the throws have to be made from those 
 
 Abbey's Effervescent j positions, the player not being supposed to 
 Salt is a health-giving, j .-evert to his favorite attitude before throw- 
 health-preserving pre- ■ ^j^ 
 pavation. i 
 Anotlier essential thing to practise is 
 
«''ORTs OF (IRKATKR Kkita.X. ^^ 
 
 into .l,e o,u.,r..„..|,d .:",";: "; ' ^"'^-'- ^ ^'« "- '■all falls 
 ahead ,I,x.,, „„t ,„al,« .„;,'' """,■'" """"■'• ' '"'I-'"" far 
 
 '« avoided . .,„ ■ Vs ,':;,::'" '^ ^"-^''■'■'"'" -'- "- >" 
 
 .i>eov:H:,d;i:;;:'';:;:,'';';::r:;;r' '-''■- "-"'-• '-^ 
 
 difficuhies ° ' ■"■ '" ""-■■"■ 'l"-^ly a..d a..curau.|y „„de,- 
 
 Of dj pi;;:::':: ::;:;'''• 'i^;'™ '•""-"" ^i- u,e ,<e, ,0 „„,e,, 
 
 ".ere ,i„o,vi„g ,„a,.|,i,K.,s, „,,„ s,a„i ie „; ' "' ""' "*-■ 
 
 be passed to. They „„er lenvv ,1 , ''"" "'"""- '" 
 
 of the l.all wid, an , r ''e"' ""•-■'■ '"'""""" l«"--'°" 
 
 shot, when „ d .' UMf , r " '"•■'" '"' "■ "-■ ^-<""-« of ,heir 
 
 aHves, d,ey nev^; iz^ :'^,:'::"T%: "''""' '" """ ■'"■" 
 
 do.en goals in a n,a,eh. „,• .enilnn ne,- .r::;:'^- T"' '"",: 
 ness depends enlirelv up„„ ,h, ,|;i|| „f „, ". "" '^".'■"'l'' • "'<-'"■ "-'-'ful- 
 an opening for .hen,.' A „,a oh ,! In '"' "=""' '" "'"^'"« 
 
 as ..ear ,he goal as h. ea., Z!:^Z'':i:'Zn"1 ''T T""' 
 of running out to spoil the pass. B"aMeeper the chanee 
 
 With such a hrst home, point must alwav., be cherkin., ,.|„.,.]v 
 and t,po„ h..„ will depend whether the hon.J re.vi '' 
 
 or ..ot. The object of the attack will „, ^ I c I """" 
 
 leave firs, hontc by con.in, out to che.'k ,' '"^'^^;i'""" 
 
 cover-point w„„ ,„e ball: poi„, is llound !!! " """"rL!':!^' 
 to come out sooner or later ; but Ik: should I "For the morning I 
 leave it to the very last instant of time, ' after the night be- i 
 and when he does run out to nicet the ' '*"''" '"* ABBEY'S I 
 on-coming opponent, he should cotiirive to '' ^"^"'scent Salt. | 
 
96 Sl'OKTS (}F GKKA'IKK liRIIAIN. 
 
 do SO when he wi!l intervene between him and first home. The 
 pass will then have to l)e made high over point's head, which will 
 give time for some one to reacli first home before the ball does so. 
 On the other hand, first home should not allow point to be between 
 himself and the man with the ball, but place himself in the best 
 position for a pass. This is one of the most critical situations that 
 can arise in a game, and all that is possible is to give general advice. 
 
 Another kind of first home is the muscular dodger, who relies 
 upon his ability to get round point or anyone else. A dodger who 
 keeps his head clear is invaluable, but so few do this, their frecjuent 
 practice being to ])ersevere in endeavoring to pass their man out of 
 sheer doggedness, whereas a friend is i)robal)ly waiting for the pass. 
 Personally, 1 am not {partial to a dodging first home, for it is difiicult 
 to combine with him, since one never knows where to find him. It 
 should be distinctly understood, before the game begins, on which 
 s'de of goal first home stands. 
 
 Some advocate the placing of first home some distance from 
 goal- -say fifteen yards, or even a trifle more, and I think this an 
 excellent plan. It gives first home plenty of spare to manteuvre in, 
 and the larger the area point has to cover, the worse it is for him. 
 Second and third home can do a deal of execution by means of a 
 successful dodge, as this should enable them to either run in for a 
 shot, or get first home clear. 
 
 Voung [)layers are continually asking whether they should shoot 
 at long range or not. Tliis depends upon many conditions. A shot 
 from fifteen yards' range should be stopped every time by the 
 goal-keeper ; but if a player is a very powerful thrower it is a very 
 good thing for him to take his shot, i)roviding it has been previously 
 arranged that fust home, or whoever may be nearest to the goal- 
 keeper, dashes in after it and tries to score of the rebound. This 
 play is by no means sufiiciently followed, one reason being, I 
 suppose, that the hard throwers do not exist in sufficient numbers. 
 
 Coming to attack field, one of the most glaring and frequent 
 
 — mistakes that is made is wandering. If the 
 
 Abbey's Effervescent game is going in their favor they are eager 
 
 •« . } « ' enough to be forward : but directly fortune 
 
 Retains and Regains . , ., j ^ • . .1 • 
 
 Health ^^^^ agamst them they drift into their own 
 ji^lf^ leaving the miserable homes without 
 
SPORTS OF-' CREATER liRITAIN. 
 
 97 
 
 support, and with the least possible chance of scorin<f. It must be 
 distinctly understood that the duties of attack and defence are 
 separate, and that under no circumstances should an attack field be 
 on the defence side of the centre of play. If his defence are not 
 strong enough to re[)el the attack, they must lose the match ; no 
 pushing up of the attack field will alter the state of things, whilst, 
 when by chance the ball is thrown down [)ast centre, there is no one 
 there to make use of it. Unless the attack wings keep their jjlaces 
 an organised game is impossible. In every way it is bad for an 
 attack wing to wander on the defence side of the centre, for, sup- 
 posing him to secure the l)all, he nmst run forty yards or so before 
 he is in a position to do anything with it. This will cause a general 
 following up of players on the inside, which is not lacrosse at all. 
 When the game is going against a side it is made worse by the 
 attack wings leaving their places. 
 
 The great thing lacking is the systematic employment of field 
 captains to direct players what to do in such cases as these. A field 
 captain can only give general directions, and stop men who are about 
 to commit a serious error. Chiefly are they useful amongst inferior 
 players, in making the defence check their men properly, and warn- 
 ing them when the man they are checking is stealing off. The man 
 with the ball they must leave to himself ; their work must be in the 
 direction of making his way smooth for him. The word "right' or 
 "left" should be enough to indicate to a player in which direction 
 he will find the better opening. Putting on a field captain for one 
 match will be better than nothing, perhaps, but not much, for the 
 players will not be looking out for his orders, and will not under- 
 stand half of them when they hear them. If a team could go through 
 a season under the guidance of a capable field-captain, and implicitly 
 obey him, we should see something that would cause that now- 
 despised functionary to become more popular. 
 
 A few general remarks may be made upon checking. Anything 
 of the nature of holding an opponent's crosse, except by pressure of 
 the crosse upon his at the moment when he is 
 endeavoring to secure the ball, is high\ repre- 
 hensible, and irritating to the person offended 
 against. Not less to be condemned is the 
 practice of reaching over a player's shoulder, 
 
 ABBEY'S 
 
 Effervescent Salt, 
 
 the Foundation 
 
 of Health. 
 
98 SPORTS OF GRKATEk BRITAIN. 
 
 in an indeavor to strike the ball out of the crosse, in such a way as 
 to lean the arm upon the shoulder. The practic ^ of taking a wild 
 slash at an opponent who is outstripping one for speed, hitting him 
 on the elbow or hip, is one upon which the referee should be very 
 severe, as this sort of thing begets retaliation. 
 
 Body checking is an art, and, when well carried out, is very dis- 
 concerting to the dodger. The checker must take no notice what- 
 ever of the dodger's crosse or the ball, but simply study to place 
 himself in the way, so that he cannot pass. Body-checking is most 
 useful in the vicinity of third man's position. 
 
 Shots for goal may be more frequently prevented than is the 
 case by the point-blank check. To execute this the checker must 
 be within the length of his crosse of the thrower, whose crosse he 
 watches, and, as the forward movement of the throw is made, the 
 checker darts out his crosse at arm's length, the result being that it 
 meets the other crosse somewhere midway in the course of the throw. 
 Great care must be taken in thrusting the crosse out that the butt 
 does not point toward the body, but to one side, as the violent con- 
 tact with the other crosse might cause injury. 
 
 No checker should pursue a running opponent beyond the 
 position for the next defence player, it being the duty of the last- 
 named to come out to intercept, his opponent being taken in hand 
 by the original pursuer. 
 
 I cannot conclude this chcOter on Canada's own game without 
 entering a protest in regard to the way the game has been abused 
 during the last year or two. 
 
 A really good game in itself testing the powers of the athlete to 
 the very utmost, it has degenerated into a slugging match pure and 
 simple, to the average on-looker, though to the supporters of the 
 winning side it may be called lacrosse of the most scientific type. 
 
 An outsider cannot shut his eyes to the reason for this 
 decadence. It is money I All lovers of 
 the game know this, and it is only now, 
 when it has become a scandal, measures 
 are being taken to cleanse this Augean 
 stable. 
 
 Abbey's Effeirescent 
 
 Salt 
 
 Retains and Regains 
 
 Health. 
 
Ahateurs ! Read ! 
 
 After the prescription is carefully 
 
 studied ; after all the ingredients have 
 
 ThS CrlBCk t'L-en placed in your bottle— then we 
 
 " check " — carefully review the quan- 
 tities we have weighed and measured, 
 SUSfBrn. and examine all the boxes or bottles 
 
 " ' from which drugs have been taken to 
 
 see that no mistake has been made. 
 This we do with all [)rescriptions, and we take time to do it 
 thoroughly. You would like all your prescriptions filled that way, 
 would you not? If you would— send them to us. We have the 
 confidence of your physician : why not yours ? 
 
 -^TELEPHONE 4737^— 
 
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 AND WE WILL SEND FOR YOUR PRESCRIPTIONS AND RETURN 
 THEM PROMPTLY 
 
 MOTTO: THE 
 
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 SODA WATER, 
 APPLE NECTAR, 
 CREAM SODA, &c. 
 
 To be obtained from all First-class Grocers. Hotels and Restaurants- 
 2 Gold, 3 Silver, 5 Bronze Medals and 17 Diplomas 
 
 QUKb'J 
 
 awarded for superior excellence. 
 
 CHARLES GURD & CD. - - MDNTRBRL. 
 
 AN OPEN LETTER. 
 
 To ouy h'yicHiis and Patron^ 
 
 Wo take tills 'ipixrtuniu .if th.iiikinif ymi for ymr . oiist.int ■m^ ll;)erfil p.-itroiiriKe "f Hit-' pasl 
 
 iliirty years_ „e.MU.-red the fielil with tlic ..l.jsrt nf .issun.in.i; the lea.l in our lint of business, 
 
 an.l b re^^'in . f cnnstant attention ,in<l use of the " I.est - of MiK'reilients. ,,„nt,^rs machinery and f^irinul.i-, 
 fve have sua tl'- I m c irniii;; the in.rit an 1 ai.pr,-, iaiion of ,, larire > hentele. We hive relaxed no .fforts in 
 ,„,r fii.U-ivors to kceiJ ii'ir lin-.in,.--,s coiuinuiUy in a tliorou^'h ■■ M/t /■j </.i/ir tMii.lition . , ■ ■ 
 
 ■li u^^ un.l.r th,- .lir.:a m.nai(,;,iu„t of Mr. ClIARI i:S C.VKU from the lievr.nnmK. 
 
 H.„efiti t' In is h„i,^ experience we have been lunblcd to secure the very best results o nMnufacture. No 
 , v'i.-iise lis b.-en sDirJl in se, urinv^ the hi^niest -lass ot m ichiii-ry and other c |uipin'iits, and Ae be leie the 
 res!m «i!vs usIhVlarK'as, icommo'lation and ui ,3. approved fa. ilities for the m inufi, tnP-- of ..Urate,! Waters 
 
 on the continent. , , , j i •,■,,. i. 
 
 Our c'.L.ds are t.. be had from aim. stcv..-ry first-:lass dealer in (.an.ida. 
 
 In purchisinff 1T.K.\SH SKE Tii.vr Ofu LABEL IS ,.N K\ EKY iioTrLE. as this ,s a guarantee 
 
 aif.iinat inferior substitutes. . . , c 
 
 With appreciation of your favors. 
 
 Respei tfuUv yours. 
 
 CHARLES aURD & CO. 
 
HASLET BROTHERS 
 
 Manufectui'ing Furriei'?, 
 
 U P-TO-D ATE 
 
 HATTERS, 
 
 r 
 
 
 St. CathGrins Street 
 
 Furs stored and insured against Fire, 
 Moths and Burglars. 
 
 ■-x:^ y X. ■^'■£: ^'a:£ ■>r.-i«,x;^. 
 
 OHMRGES 7WYODERKTE. 
 
montreal JImateur JItbletic J1$$ociation. 
 
 jVTO hook on Sports emanating from Montreal would he complete 
 *■ ^ without reference heing made to what is now a landmark of 
 the city, the Montreal Amateur Athletic Association, which has done 
 so much to foster an interest in the different branches of s[)ort which 
 are connected with it. Its aims are to kee[) each sport on a strictly 
 amateur basis, which in these days of mixing the pay of the 
 professional with the social standing of the amateur, is indeed a 
 herculean task ; still, with energetic committees with the good of 
 athletics at heart, there is little fear of the result. 'l"he city of 
 Montreal should be proud of such an institution, for its influences 
 are widespread, and are used more especially for the good of youth. 
 It ma/ be of interest to give a short history of the club, for some of 
 the facts for which I have to return my thanks to the Montreal 
 IVi/ness, 
 
 THE FOR.MA'IION Ol' THK M. A. A. A. 
 
 Its formation originated in the minds of some of the older 
 members of the senior clui)S, and its history briefly told is as 
 follows ; In 1859 a gymnasium club was organized. This club in 
 1862 induced the Mctiill University authorities to erect a gymnasium 
 near the old High School, to be used conjointly for the benefit of 
 the pupils and the club. In 1867 the members formed a joint 
 stock company and erected on the corner of Mansfield and Burnside 
 streets the splendid and commodious stone edifice now owned and 
 occupied by the M.A.A.A. The gymnastic institution flourished for 
 some years, but later interest in it fell off, especially on the part of 
 the younger members. This was the condition of things in March 
 1877, when the officers of the Montreal Lacrosse and Snowshoe 
 Clubs determined tD have some fixed habi- 
 tation for club meetings. They leased two 
 rooms in the Montreal Gymnasium. This 
 joint occupancy was continued until the 
 end of 1878, when the gymnasium directors. 
 
 Abbey's Effervescent 
 
 Salt 
 
 Cures as well as 
 
 Prevents Disease. 
 
I02 SPORTS OF GREATER BRITAIN. 
 
 finding they were gradually but surely falling in arrears, for they 
 had a heavy mortgage on the building, determined to sell the 
 proi)erty. The two clubs, finding that the rooms they occupied had 
 been of great use to them, made overtures to the gymnasium 
 authorities to lease the whole building for a term of years. After 
 some trouble this proposition was accepted in January, 1879, at 
 a rental of $1,000 a year. The gymnasium was then thoroughly 
 overhauled and a shooting gallery added. Rules and regulations 
 relating to the new order of existence were promulgated, and card 
 playing and gambling were strictly prohibited. The clubs prospered 
 under the new regime. Some of the leading spirits who had thus 
 far guided events now proposed a scheme to save the gymnasium 
 for athletics and the building as a home for the clubs. The rental 
 barely gave the directors enough to pay the interest on the mort- 
 gage and other sundry expenses, and they were still talking of selling. 
 The clubs accordingly offered to assume the mortgage if the share- 
 holders would deed over to them the property, and receive in return 
 a life membership in the building and club house. After some 
 months talking about the scheme, in April, 1881, the Lacrosse, 
 Snowshoe and Bicycle Clubs (the latter joining in order to assist the 
 scheme) found themselves in possession of a home of their own and 
 a valuable acquisition towards the promotion of athletic interests. 
 
 In June, 1881, an act of incorporation was passed by the 
 Provincial Parliament at Quebec, and under the name of "The 
 Montreal Amateur Athletic Association," the Montreal Gymnasium 
 lost its identity in its amalgamated successor. Such was the forma- 
 tion of the Association. From that time it has " boomed " in every 
 sense of the term. Above all, its membership increased — one of 
 the healthiest signs of an institution — it became a most popular 
 resort. It had a most salient feature, and one which without any 
 doubt contributed very largely towards its success, the evils of 
 gambling and drink were most strictly eliminated. 
 
 The M.A.A.A. is composed of six clubs— the Montreal Lacrosse 
 Club, the Montreal Snowshoe Club, the 
 Montreal Bicycle Club, the Montreal Football 
 Club, the Montreal Cricket Club, and the 
 Tuque Bleue Toboggan Club. The Associa- 
 tion chose for its crest a unique conception 
 
 Health comes from 
 the daily use of 
 
 Abbey's 
 Effervescent Salt. 
 
SPORTS OF GREATER BRITAIN. I03 
 
 in the shape of a winged wheel on a double barred shield 
 under which is the motto : " Jungor ut Implear," which means 
 literally " Union is strength." It is due to the manner in which the 
 Association stuck to this motto the success which it has attained at 
 the present day. 
 
 Montreal athletes keep on improving if only in booming athletic 
 sports, and no greater evidence is there of the truth of this than that 
 great monument to Montreal's love ot athletic sports, the Montreal 
 Amateur Athletic Association. This great institution is the result of 
 the natural inclination of the Montrealer for athletics, and the pre" 
 dominance of amateur athletic sports over professional — predomin- 
 ance which existed in Greece, was perpetuated in Great Britain, and 
 to-day is so much in evidence in the M. A. A. A. 
 
 In concluding this short story of the club I would again refer 
 to the influence for good — moral as well as physical — which the 
 M. A. A. A. exercises over the young men of this city and which 
 is very great. Thtre they learn the true value and meaning 
 of honor and fair play. They are safe-guarded against gambling 
 and strong drink. The founder, in order to eliminate all fear 
 of the former, prohibited the playing of cards ; while as for 
 drink, nothing of the kind is tolerated on the premises. There 
 they learn practically that when the body is kept in a healthful 
 condition by exercise, liquor becomes repulsive to the senses. 
 Among some of its maxims it says that " daily exercise will wonder- 
 fully help young men, in connection with cool baths and a simple 
 diet, to live chaste lives." The M. A. A. A. also engenders 
 a feeling of loyalty among the young men for everything Canadian 
 and national. 
 
 I cannot close this short tribute without congratulating the 
 members on their selection of President. Mr. Sheppard is himself 
 a young man, consequently is able to look with a more lenient eye 
 on any little infraction of rules, occasioned by nothing more harmful 
 than the exuberance of youthful spirits, 
 than would a man whose age has made 
 him forget the follies of youth. 
 
 Happiness is the outcome 
 of Health. Health is 
 the outcome of the use 
 
 The Association, too, should be | of Abbey's Effervescent 
 proud in possessing the President of 
 
 Salt. 
 
104 SPORTS OF GREATER BRITAIN. 
 
 the Amateur Athletic Association of Canada as a member, in 
 tlie person of Mr. H. Brophy, and all true lovers of clean sport 
 will congratulate him on his temerity in so quickly tackling the 
 amateur status after his accession to power. 
 
 Last, but by no means least, comes the name of the Secretary, 
 Mr. Herbert lirown, whose arduous, and at times thankless duties, ]^ 
 
 are so thoroughly and genially carried out. It is safe to say that as 
 long as he holds the position, the wants— within reason— of the I 
 
 members will be studied to the best of his ability. « 
 
 Long may the M. A. A. A. flourish like the proverbial "green 
 bay tree " to carry on its good work. 
 
 ^^->^! The Roses of Health come \y^, 
 
 ^-^ to the cheeks ^^ 
 
 ABBEY'S ^^ 
 
 */^\ EFFERVESCENT SALT. 
 
 *^\ through the daily use of 
 
 '^ 
 
 • 
 
■^t 
 
 r^H**- ,*^7*.i-" ♦^•.- ■ ,.'r^'*i^*;-^f' 
 
 I 
 
 Beaver Line 
 
 JRoyal Mail Steamships 
 
 SAILING WEEKLY BETWEEN 
 
 Liverpool aqd Monlfeal, ■ in ^ummEii 
 Liverpool aqd ^t John, W.B. in Winter" 
 
 CALLING AT MOVILLE AND RIMOUSKI 
 
 to land and embark Passenpers and Mails in Summer, and Halifax and 
 
 Moville in Winter. 
 
 From Liverpool Every Saturday. 
 
 From Montreal or St. John.. Every Wednesday. 
 
 " LAKE ONTAEIO," " LAKE SUPEEIOR," 
 
 "LAKEHUEON," "LAKE WINNIPEG," "GALUA." 
 
 These Steamer* have been built specially for the North Atlantic 
 Passenger trade and hare excellent accommodation for all classes of 
 Passengers. 
 
 RATES OF PASSAGE TO LIVERPOOL: 
 
 First Cabin... .....$50.50 and upwards. 
 
 RoundTrip $»oo. $»05 and upwards. 
 
 Second Cabin to Liverpool or London 'if.^^^ 
 
 Round Trip *^*'-75 
 
 STEERAGE AT LOWEST RATES. INCLUDING COMPLETE OUTFIT. 
 ^rSPECIAL BAIL RATES TO AND TBOM ALt POIWTS.-^ 
 Passengers and Baggage from the West are transferred at Montreal and 
 St. John from Depots to Steamers Freb. 
 
 AGENTS: 
 D. W. CAMPBELL. Hgr.. D. & C. flACiVER. Hgrs.. 
 
 18 Hospilal St., Montreal Tower Building, Liverpool. 
 
 Asento In nil principal Towns and Cities. 
 
 I 
 
BOVRIL 
 
 TKe post Perfect Fonn or Gonceiitrateii iioorisiiDieiit. 
 
 '•The Glory of a Han is his Strength." 
 
 l5vJ V Wyl L is the best Training Food for 
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 It is used and recommended by all the leading 
 Athletes of the day. 
 
 BOVRIL LiniTED, 
 
 3o Farringdon Street, London, Eng., 
 And 27 St. Peter Street, Hontreal.