IMAGE EVALUATION TEST TARGET (MT-S) /. :a & ^ti ^ o 1.0 I.I 1.25 14; 12.8 II 2.5 112.2 lis iiio 1.4 1.8 1.6 V] <^ /A 01 ^1 "^^ ;^ f Photographic Sciences Corporation 33 WEST MAIN STRG2T WEBSTER, N.Y. 14580 (716) 872-4503 4^ ^ iV ^v\ V % V O^ . CIHM/ICMH Microfiche Series. CIHM/ICIVIH Collection de microfiches. Canadian Institute for Historical Microreproductions / Institut canadien de microreproductions historiques ^ Technical and Bibliographic Notes/Notes techniques et bibliographiques The Institute has attempted to obtain the best original copy available for filminq. Features of this copy which may be bibliograph!cally uniiue, which may alter any of the images in tiie reproduction, or which may significantly change the usual method of fiimeng, are checked below. D n n Coloured covers/ Couverture de couleur I I Covers damaged/ Couverture endommagde Covers restored and/or laminated/ Couverture restaurie ot/ou peilicuiie Cover title missing/ Le titre de couverture manque Coloured maps/ Cartes giographiques en couleur Coloured inic (i.e. other than blue or black)/ Encre de couleur (i.e. autre que bleue ou noire) Coloured plates and/or illustrations/ Planches et/ou illustrations en couleur Bound with other material/ ReiiA avec d'autres documents D Tight binding may cause shadows or distortion along interior margin/ La reliure serrde peut causer de 1'ombre ou de la distortion le long de la marge int6rieure Blank leaves added during restoration may appear within the text. Whenever possible, these have been omitted from filming/ 11 se peut que certaines pages blanches ajouties lors d'une restauration apparaissent dans le texte, mala, lorsque cela 6tait possible, ces pages n'ont pas 6t4 film6es. Additional comments:/ Commentaires suppl6mentaires: L'Institut a microfilm^ le meilleur exemplaire qu'il lui a 6t6 possible de se procurer. Les details de cet exemplaire qui sont peut-Atre uniques du point de vue bibliographique, quJ peuvent modifier une image reproduite, ou qui peuvent exiger une modification dans la mAthode normale de filmage sont indiquis ci-dessous. D Coloured pages/ Pages de couleur I I Pages damaged/ Pages endommagies Pages restored and/oi Pages restaurdes et/ou peilicuiies Pages discoloured, stained or foxet Pages dicoior^es, tachet^es ou piquies Pages detached/ Pages d^tachies Showthrough/ Transparence Quality of prir Qualiti inigaie de I'impresslon Includes supplementary materii Comprend du maiAriel supplimentaire Only edition available/ Seule Edition disponible I I Pages restored and/or laminated/ ITy^ Pages discoloured, stained or foxed/ I I Pages detached/ rjy] Showthrough/ I I Quality of print varies/ I I Includes supplementary material/ I I Only edition available/ T t( T P o fi b tl si 01 fi si 01 Tl si Tl w IVI di er b( r'H re m D Pages wholly or partially obscured by errata slips, tissues, etc., have been refilmed to ensure the best possible image/ Les pages totalement ou partiellement obscurcies par un feuillet d'errata, une pelure, etc., ont 6t«i filmies A nouveau de fa^on & obtenir la meilleure image possible. This item is filmed at the reduction ratio checked below/ Ce document est filmi au taux de reduction indiquA ci-dessous. 10X 14X 18X 22X I I I I I I M I |y' I I I 12X 16X 20X 26? 30X 24X 28X 32X :ail8 du >difier une nage The copy filmed here has bean reproduced thanks, to the generosity of: National Library of Canada The images appearing here are the best quality possible considering the condition and legibility of the original copy and in keeping with the filming contract specifications. Original copies in printed paper covers are filmed beginning with the front cover and ending on the last page with a printed or illustrated impres- sion, or the back cover when appropriate. All other original copies am filmed beginning on the first page with a printed or illustrated impres- sion, and ending on the last page with a printed or illustrated impression. The last recorded frame on each microfiche shall contain the symbol ^^> (meaning "CON- TINUED"), or the symbol V (meaning "END"), whichever applies. L'exemplaire film6 fut reproduit grSce d la g6n6rosit6 de: Bibliothdque nationale du Canada Les images suivantes ont 6t6 reproduites avec le plus grand soin, compte tenu de la condition et de la nettet6 de l'exemplaire filmd, et en conformity avec les conditions du contrat de filmage. Les exemplaires originaux dont la couverture en papier est imprimie sont filmds en commenqant par le premier plat et en terminant soit par la dernidre page qui comporte une empreinte d'impression ou d'illustration, soit par le second plat, selon le cas. Tous les autres exemplaires originaux sont filmds en commenqant par la premidre page qui comporte une r?Tipreinte d'impression ou d'illustration et en torminant par la dernidre page qui comporte une telle empreinte. Un des symboles suivants apparattra sur la dernidre image de chaque microfiche, selon le cas: le symbole -^- signifie "A SUIVRE", le symbole V signifie "FIN". Maps, plates, charts, etc., may be filmed at different reduction ratios. Those too large to be entirely included in one exposure are filmed beginning in the upper left hand corner, left to right and top to bottom, as many frames as required. The folk wing diagrams illustrata the method: Les cartes, planches, tableaux, etc., peuvent 6tre filmds d d'is taux de reduction diffdrents. Lorsque le documen est trop grand pour dtre reproduit en un seul clich6, il est film6 d partir de Tangle sup6rieur gauche, de gauche d droite, et de haut en bas, en prenant le nombre d'images ndcessaire. Les diagrammes suivants illustrent la m6thode. rata > elure. 3 I2X i . 1 r 2 1 ■* : 2 3 ■ ♦ 8 6 i • 4 / f NOVA SCOTIA SCHOOL SERIES. 7 / ? ELEMENTARY BOOK-KEEPING. THIRD EDITjJON, REVISED. HALIFAX, N.S.: A. & W. MACKINLAY. 1888. 11 r t- / ^-i.-- B '' " S^i '. % V " Entered according to Act of Parliament of Canada, in the j/car 188^ in tfie OJJice of Minister of Agriculture. 1 f * PREFACE. Book-keeping does not receive that attention in our schools which its importance demands. Every one, no mat- ter what may be his occupation, should keep an accurate record of his dealings with others, so that at any time, hy reference to his books, he can see how much he owes and how much is owing to him. He should also keep an account of his cash transactions, tliat he may know at the end of each month or year the amount of money he has received from every source, and in what ways he has expended that money. The want of system and accuracy in these matters often leads to reckless expenditure and financial ruin. A farmer who keeps no record of his dealings with the mer- chant and the blacksmith is surprised, at the end of the year, at the hugeness of his account. He is sure that he ewes no such sum, although he is not prepared to dispute the correct- ness of any one item. A correct and systematic record of debt and credit, of cash receipts and expenditures, will lead to a more careful estimate of one's financial condition, of what can be afforded and wliat cannot ; and it will lead one to look back over his list of purchases and consider whether his money could not have been expended to better purpose. It is not supposed or designed that this little work shall supersede the larger and more complete text-books on Book- keeping which are no\/ in use, and which are needed to give that knowledge required in more extended mercantile busi- IV PllEFACE. ness. The object is rather to promote the study of this im- portant branch of practical education, by presenting, in cheap form, such a simple and concise system of keeping accounts, as will adequately meet the wants of the large majority of boys and girls in our public schools. In the following pages, that the learner may acquire as thorough and practicable a knowledge of Book-keeping as possible, examples are first piesented for his inspection, show- ing him how to record different kinds of transactions in the various books employed ; he is then required to take similar transactions and write up the books according to the exam- ples furnished. He will not, therefore, have the opportunity of copying the work from the text-book, but will be com- pelled to exercise his judgment as to the book in which the account should be entered, and the form in which it should be written. I ■1) CONTENTS. ■ft EXPLANATIONS. Paoi The Day Book 2 The Cash Book 3 The Bill Book 4 The Ledgeu 5 Day Book and Ledger Combined 9 Mercantile Terms 12 Abbreviations I5 . ILLUSTRATFV^E EXAMPLES. Memoranda 1q TuE Day Book ig Tub Cash Book 22 23 The Bill Book 22 23 Index to the Ledger oj. The Ledger 25 Balance Sheet 27 MercanixLE Forms 28 N Yi CONTENTS. EXAMPLES FOR PRACTICE. 3'i Geneual Directions • ^^ mkm0raj4da DOUBLE ENTRY. Each Transaction invol^-es Debit and Credit 4:0 Classes of Accounts ^^ The Journal lluLEs FOR Journalizing Trial Balance Closing the Ledger ^^ Double Entry Illustrated 4 j ■■u Paob , 35 m SINGLE ENTRY. . 44 . 45 . 45 . 46 . 47 . 47 . 50 i EXPLANATIONS. 1. It frequently liappcns that payment is not made for articles bouglit or sold at tlu; time of the transaction. The purchaser is then in deht; he is said to be a ihhtor^ and the seller is creditor. It is not safe to trust such business transactions to memory. The art of recording them in systematic form is called l>ooK-ici:i:riN(i. The following illustration shows how records are made : — Thomas White, on the 15th January, sells to John Poor .^ cwts. of hay at G5 cents per cwt., an. I 5 l)ushels of potatoes at 45 cents per bushel. Pour has sawed wood for liin) two days at $1.25 per day. White writes in his l)ook, — ]3,i_ q^ January 15, 18S7. Jon.v Poor, Du. To 3 cwts. hny («), 05 '•< $1.95 5 bushels poliitoes @ 45^ o.i?.") By 2 days sawincr wood @ .$1.25 Ck. Poor writes in his hook, — t 20 2 50 TnoMAS White, Du. To 2 days sawing wood @ §1.25 January 15, 1887. Cr. By 3 cwts. h.iy @ 65 <* Si. 95 5 bushels potatoes @ 45 <^ , 2.25 20 -■:* 'I< 2 si>;(::i.r, t;ntiiv. ,1,„ nai.a ,u„l .•xl...l of the ■"^'■"•'^;-, '' I , ,, .,7, t!,. I.<'l'>':: ,,„, ,.,..„,,ls ,n.a;, shouM ^'-y- ->;,■' \ ■,■>■,■..,,. Kin.i; 11,.. >tLtc of oiU'H )iir>!nr8S, or the i)i()l>*^ii> vWd, IH- own-, wl lK..,..v..s, .vithth. .unounudw. .a-l, , ...1 «•! v„ . hin,, will. Ih- an>onnt» -l.n. I-';' ™ '■ , i,,,„..,eUons i„Uu .1 '. n .l,i,.l, tlu.y ocn,-, nnd will, ,:..■ inM-; - . • 1^ IcVs . M. ."«„, ;>../.■ is u,,.. f.„. ' -■ i;:j:;;:;:, ;,r: :• , I;;:. :;:j;::':;U;:\r::i:;:.!:;:il;;-:--;^^"-''t !„,,. vh.n n now .late o(vurs(,n tlu' ini-*-, it -l-'^^il^^ ''^ l'''^^^ Ur. ;icMiin1, undnolin llu" iiiap/m. Th. roUuwin, are two pages fro.n Thomas White's Day l^ook : (1.) TiMUO, .T;uin:ir.v 15, I'^'^T ])u. C'lt. John Took, Dk. '1',, n cnts. li:iT ff' f'l""' • 5 imshcls poUiucs ® 15 '•' fu. r,v ^ ilivs sawing womlf^' 81-~" .T.vMF.s AVu.snv, Dii. Tu 11 buihcU oats (^5^/ .Tnn, Ifi. TliANK V AUK IK, CR. •,v 5 "--Ah. l<"voson? nil ('i" 45 t' ^ ■' ;i', yds. C:nKuliiUi t'.vi'ud 0' .Sl.C'>) Dr. 'I'o 2 eorJs wood @ $-■ JonN TooR, Ur. ■\\^ 5 lbs. butter (J^^ ;2'- ; . SINGLE ENTRY. pcjuls ou . iiso mo ■ I.kIijci'. coiu'isely ■ ut kimlH iicli ; mi'l itr. I'li- ',•,•11 :it the pl'oprl't y I \)'.ud for );vy liook. 1).' stilted iiil^r. In till' |iiiv:(', \ •\('('iiiiiil ; icL'd ulxjve ;;y T'ook : ])u. Cu. •2() ■2 50 n 25 0(1 10 1 To 1 cow. (2.) Tufun, .I:i!iii;iry 10, 1SS7, J. WHS CiMiWK, Dk. Da. Cn. .T;n.. 18. I'l: \M\ I'akkkk, Til To man and I cam uiic il:iv I'v 5 Ihi. tea ('_' 15 '■' Ch. 01) .J.uris ('iiDWK, Cii. I?v iiot(! ofliaml (sic H. I! j • JaMKS V, I ISDN, (,'u. Hv cash 1)11 acLHiimt. Jiiii. L'O. Fii.wK l'Aiiia:ii, Cn. By 25 vfls. rnrpc't r^/ '-' 1 f;5 ? 41 .25 lb \.l.s. Ijlai'k silk e, 175 81,50 Db. To cash go- 05 note of haml (.-^w; H. 15.,i 50 00 .T:m. 20. D.vviii \Vi.;,.-ri K, Cu. P).'.- 1 ? I c i .!.l I ."? :15 . rcpairimr sLil l,,-,() 00 ' K 12 To I lini liay Db. 73 ( ) U i 00 J i 'I 4. Tlio Cash Uook couttiios, on tlie U.': hand 1):\L!:os, u record oT casli hchl on coinniL'neini; business, jind of ull cash receipts; on the ri^^-Jit-iiand [laiics, a record of all cash payments. The drtt'.'s are phiced in t'.ie niarj^'in. 5. 'J'lie left-hand paire is called tlie debit side, and the n<.?]it- hand tiu; credit side. The propriety of this will lie evident, if we 1 This note is snpposrd to he irivni in payiiicut for cow purchased on the If'.ili. If it Iiad hccn lmvcii at the time of purchase, the transaction, Loth debit and credil, mi_'lit have been omitted from the Day JJook. « M !l 4 SINGLE ENTRY. think of the rafih box or safe as a person with whom an account is 0[)enc(l for deljt nnd credit. 6. The first entry in the Cash Book must always be on the debit side, as c:ish must be received l>efore it can be disbursed ; for a simihir reason, the amount on tlie credit side can never exceed tliat on the debit side. If tlie two sides are equal- there is no Ciisli on hand ; the excess of the del»it side shows the amount held. 7. The Cash Rook should be carried along simultaneously with the Day Dook. Cash received on casli sales, or paid on cash pur- chases, — that is, when full i)aymeut is nuide at the time of the transaction, — is entered in the Cash l>ook onlj'. "When tlie cash does not corresi)ond with the amount of the purchase or sale, and when cash is paid on account, the entry must be made in the Day Look, as well as in tlie Cash liook. 8. The followiiio- is a specimen of the debit and credit sides of Thomas White's Casli Hook, liy adding" the two sides, and taking the difference, we shall Ihid tiuit the debit side exceeds tlie other by $20.17, which is the ainount of cash on hand January 18. CASH. Dk. CASH. Cr. 18S7. Jan. 1 To rash (( cc on hand m 180 10 8 80 00 00 00, 12' 1887. Jan. 2 " 11 " IS I?v rash for ovcrpont * " lent to C. Ikll (secB.B.) paid to F. Parker " luiTalo robe fiic> 00 " 8 for Urn ol' hay .. fat o\cn 1,50 00 " 10 " 18 4 cords wood.... IVom J. ^Vilson.. 23 22 25 00 9. The I>iLL Book contains a record of various particulars re- specting written obligations for the payment of money, such as Xotes of IL (11(1, Due Bilh^ Orders^ and Drafts. It consists of two parts, — liiUs Rcccirahle and BUls Pa>/abk'. In Bills Receivable we enter all oltligations of this kind Avhich we hokl against others, recording the maker's name, the hichjrser's name, the amount^ (late, tiim', n-hcn due, where ixtyahle ; in Bills Payable we enter our written obligations to pay money, to whom parjahle, the amount, date, etc. 10. By reference to the Bill Book, we can ascertain when bills held by us fall due, without the trouble of examining the papers ; SINGLE ENTRY. 5 account is a the debit sed ; for a \;cv exceed here is no he amount }ously with 11 cash pur- ime of the !n the casli )r sale, and iu the Day dlt sides of and taking ,1s the other ryl8. Cr. 'M it ^. Bdl B) Purker )e $10 1 00 150; no 23:25 2-2 : 00 \rticulars re- iiev, such as nsists of two s Receivable ;ainst others, the amount, ble we enter , the amount^ lin when bills r the papers ; and we shall not be perplexed by unexpected demands for pay- ment of forgottea obligations. 11. A lUll is not legally due until throe days after it is nomi- nally due. These three days are called dd>/s of ijrdvc 12. When a Note of liaad or other written t)!)iigation is given or taken in payment of a Day Uook account, a record nuist be made also iu the D:iy Uook ; when it is given or taken for cash, the proper entry nnist be nuide in the Cash Book. 13. When a lUU is paid or otherwise dis[»osed of, the fact .should be stated under the hetuling renuirh's. 14. r>elow is a specimen of Thomas White's liill Book, with sucli entries as are re(iuired by transactions i-eft'rred to in the Day Book and Cash Book. BILLS RECEIVABLE. No. 1 2 Maker. InJorser. Amount. Chas. Bdl Jas. Crowe I Date. Time. $150.00 .Tan. Lt, 1S87 ■iJ.OU I .Jan. 1(), ISo? 3 IIKIS. Wheu Due. Reinarke. .Iiilv 17, 1S^7 Apr. 1',), lss7 BILLS PAYABLE. No. 1 To whom Payable. F. Parker Indorser. Amount. $30.00 Date. Time When Due. Jan. 20, 1867 j 3 nios. I Apr. 23, lhS7 Keuiarks. 15. The Lkdoeu brings together, under each mnn's name, nil his accounts as found in the Day Book, placing debits on the left hand and credits on the riglit. The process of transferring ac- counts from the Day Book to the Ledger is called PodiiKj. The accounts are posted in the order in which they occur in the Day Book. For convenience iu turning up accounts in tiie Ledger, an alphabetical Index is forined, each man's name and jiage in the Ledger being entered in the Index the first tunc the name occurs in lasting. 16. It is not necessary to enter in the L(Mlger the various par- ticulars recorded in the Day Book, but sbnply the total amount of the transaction. '!!' , 1 li lis G SINGLE ENTRY. 17 ^licn an account is transferred from the Day Book to the Le(l'.(>r, the nuuiher of the Ledirer page is pLaced opposite tlic account in tlie margin of the Day 15ook. This siiows that the ac- count has been posted, and ah^o indicates its place m Uv, Lodger. A reference mark is also m-iook fi-om whic'h it is tr.- nsfcrrod, and it may he placed m a sei)arate column for this i.urpose, or it may he placed alu.ve a hori/ontal line with tlie amount written beneath. The diiferent modes of insertiiu- reference marks in the Ledger are illustrated in Ihc following exam.>ics of I-rank Parker's account. Li the lirst example botl/the page and date nre given; in the second, the date only ; and in the third, the page only. Du. Ibh7. Jiin. ](•) '• Is To D. B. FRANK TAKKER. 1 on 3 (H)l f^O •'-, ' 1 ~ : 1887. Jan. 10 " IS ^y Cr 7 J '! . < Dr. 1SS7. Jan. rnANK PAUKEll. irnii l^[h 20! li 5.U0 3.00 7:!.-'") ISS7. i SI 2o r.v i].-2o Ulth VMh _20t]i cJ (Ml SI FRANK FAKKER f ■ ! , 1 18. At certain times, usually at the end of each year, after the Day r,ook is all posted, tlie debit nnd credit sides of each account in the Ledger arc compare.L If they are equal, the sum is placed on each side on the same line, and a double line is ruled beneath. This is called dosiitg the accoant. ii SINGLE ENTRY. look to the )positc tlic liat the ac- he Ledger, ection "with Dolv. TliiH mge of the e placed m ■ed ahove a le different ! ilUistrated In the Ih'st iccoud, the Cr. 2 ■2r> 7~' , 75 (Ml Sfltli si ^ ::■ Cr. 19. If tlic two sides arc unequal, they arc fu-st halanccd hj- entering a sulTIcient sum for the purpose on the side of the less, and writing the words To IJahuire or B>j Balance, according as the entry is on tl"> debit or the credit side. The accor.nt is then closed as before, and the amount added in balancing is afterwards entered below the closing line on tlie opposite side. Thus, if the amount was added to tlic debit side with the words To Balance, it is brought down on tiie credit side after the words 7J// B^'Ianr" ; if it ^\l\.i a(hled to the credit side with the words B'j Balance, it is brought down on the debit siile after the v.-ords To Balance. The amount of ])alance thus entered opens a new account. In baUme- ing an account, tiie words To Balance and Bij Jie reserved for each person. The name is written at the to}) of the page, and the date in tlie margin. The transactions should ])e recorded in full, as in the Day Book. An Index can be made similar to that of the Ledger. 22. According to this method, Thomas White's book will appear in the following form : — INDEX. Cu. 1. (0 _81 25 1 Cu. 45 00 Cn. ^ 3G 30 50 50 22 ^0^ Dr. 18S7. Jan. 15 (C ii " 16 19 * * * * c. Crowe, James 4 W. Wilson, James "Webster, David 2 5 « * » p. Poor, John Parker, Frank 1 3 * » (1.) JOHN POOR. Cr. To 3ewts. of hay@fi5.!*... " 5 bush, potatoes @ 45 ^ " 5 lbs. butter© 28/ .!. To balance 95 10 _5:nr)| "3 To 1887. Jan. 15 By 2 ds. saw'g wood, $1.25 " balance 2 50 " 10 5 no 10 Db. SINGLE ENTRY. (2.) JA:MES WILSON. lbS7. I Jail. l.VTo It bush. oMs ® 5S,c<.. sJ2 1S87, Jan. lb Bv cash on accouut Cr. s 12 Dr. (3.) FRANK I'ARKER. ls^7. Jaa. IS Fo 2 cords wood («, ?2.50 " man and team, 1 day... " casli " my nut^ ol" hand 5 1 0(1 8100 23-2:. 0(1 !|l) m ;j.- Cr. 1887. I Jan. 10: Rv 5 pais, korosmo (q> 45 '^ ' 2i vds. t\v(HHl (w. Ul.OU 18 " 5 Iks. tea® '15<''' lU " 25 vdi. carpet (^'' ?l.f)5 ' I8vds. blk.sllk®(^1.75 2 25 ■1-1 00 -) n M ■ir> 25 50 Dii. 1^^7. Ja.i. IC. I'o 1 cc (4.) JAMES CHOWE. 1SS7. (•5 f^n Ijan. 18 Bv note of hand. Cr. 15 00 Hi' Dr. 1887. Jan. ID To 1 ton hny. " balance .. PAY ID "WEBSTER. 14 00 22 50 50 1887. i Jan. 19 By 1 sled " repairing sled. Jan. 19 By balance . Cr. :55 00 250 8(1 50 22 50 SINCJLE ENTRY. 11 Cr. s 12 Cr. 2 25 4 1 no fl.f)5 |.1|2,-) (^(U.75 :n oO ■:o Cr. 23. After all tlie accounts of the Day liook luivo l)ecn postoil, — that is, entered iij the J.ediier, — it is (lt'.?ira!)lo to test the aeciirat-y of the posting. This may he (hjni- to a ci'itahi extiiit hy a pro- cess called nuiiving a Trial Unlniirc. In Sintrlo Knti-y liiis coiit-i^ls in cotni)arin;jj tlie .sum of tlie dehits of tlie Le(i.^'er with the ^um of i!ie dehits of tlic DaA' Hook, and the sum of the credits of the Ledi\A. OF J.ADiNO. — A written account or receipt of goods shipped on board of a vessel, signed by the master of the vessel, who promises, on specified terms, to deliver the goods in pr()[)er condition at the |)lace directed, dangers of the sea excepted. It is usual to make three copies, one of which is held by the shii)per, one by the master of the vessel, and one is sent to the consignee. liii.L Payabi.k. — A written promise to pay money given by an individual or firm. r>n,L Kr.( r.rvAi5LF,. — A written promise to pay money held by an individual or firm against otliers. liills Payable an>i Keceivable are either norjotiahh or non-ncr/oti- aJjle. A non-negotiable bill is made payable to a certain specitied individual or firm, and cannot be transferred to any third i)arty ; a negotialtle bill has the words or order written after the name of the payee, and becomes transferable by his indorsement. A per- son who has indorsed a note is liable for its payment ; he can, however, guard himself against liability by writing after his sig- nature some such protective words as, — without recourse. Ibi.L OF Sale. — A formal document by which a person con- veys to another his ritiht to goods and chattels. lioNDEi) Goods. — Imported goods held in a government ware- house until the duty is paid. Ijotto.muy. — A written contract by which the owner of a ship, or the master, ])inds her as security for the repayment of money borrowed for her use. If the ship is lost, the lender loses the money, and a high rate of interest is stipulated as compensation for the risk incurred. lii LLiox. — Uncoined gold or silver in the mass. CiiiX'K or Ciif:<^ui:. — A written order for money drawn on a bank, payai>le at siglit. Clfarancf,. — A document given by a custom-house oflicer per- mitting a ship to proceed on her voyage. Commission. — Comi)ensation to an agent for doing business. Composition. — An arrangement between a debtor and his creditors, by which a part of the debt is accepted for the whole. Consignment. — Goods sent to an agent for sale. Such agent is called a consignee, and the person who sends the goods is called a consignor. 14 SINGLE ENTllY. DiscorxT. — An a1)at('niont on llio rcjjular prioo of goods; au aiiioiiiit (lediic'tod for paymt'iit of iiioin'y boforc it is due. Ill lending inoiioy, lianirson naimd as payee may indorse it. — that is, write his name on the back (if it, and it can be culiected liy any person into whose hands it may come. OuDKU. — A written request for payment of money, or d«,T;very of goods, to a third person on account of the person who signs the order. rnoTKST. — A protest is a solemn declaration made under seal by a notary pul)lic, — stating that acceptance or payment of a cer- tain bill has been demanded and refused, and giving the reasons for refusal, and the object of the protest. The process of protesting liiii) SINGLE KNTUV. 15 ' goods ; au iC. T sum than iiount s[)i'C'i- iiiiil thus di- anotluT. re- r his order. f !i to meet ' in writiuL;; lu'iit (hrccts t'l'son. iiht lit uh(Mi are u'l'cuter t one tunc, promif'-o to )(rs()us. A »as iip.v oue •tain j)err-ou .it is (lr;i\vn u niiincd as Itaek of it, inds it Hiny , or delivery Q wlio bii^'US ' under seal ent of a eer- Iho I'easous )f protcstlag is somctimos uoccssary to soonre the holder of a bill and give him recourse upon tlie inuUer and indorser. Iii;( Kii'T. — A written uckuowledgnieut of receipt of money or goods, to a third person. Ui.( KiVKU. — A person appointt'd to nian;ige the laisiness of a lia))ivrui»t for the iienetlt of his creditors. Kr.MrnANX'i:. — Money sent to a [lerson. \()n iir.u. — A receipt held by a person as evidence of having paid money for another. ACnUKVIATIOX.^. Acrt. or % . . . Acfniiiit, Aiiit. ..... Amount. Apr Ajiril. Aiiu' Auu'iist. (ui At. l};il 15.i];iiu'C. 15. 15 liill Hook. 15!;l llirrcl. 15. 1' IJill. I'iiyuhlo. 15. 1{ 15,lLs lUrdvablc. Cnit ("ciituni, liiiiulfiJ. ('. 15 Ca.sh !3uok. Co (.'iiinjiany. ('. () 1) C'asli on Iklivcry. Cr ("rcditor. Cut HuiiJicd woight. 1). 15 Day Hook. Djc Decern!). r. Do Ditlo, Ibc same. D.)Z Do/cu. Dr DcMor. E. E Errors Excepted. E. ^: U. E. . . . Errors and Omisaioub Excepted. Eel) Fehriiury. F. o. Ij Free on board. Ft Foot. Gal Gallon. II llvf. Ilaiulkerchief. Ithd Ilo-'shead. lust Iiislaat, nrescut inoutli. .Ian Janmry. l.b-< I'iiiiihU wriiriit. I,. S. D. I'oiin billing.-?, and I'.IKT. .Mdso Mircjiaiidiae. .Mo Moiiih. N. H 'lake Notice. No NiuuImt. Nov November. Oct (Jet.ibcr. ( I.'. Ounce. 1' I'a-o. I'ayt Payment. IM I'aid. 1\ r \n. . . . Hy the year. I'r I'air. Pes Pieces. Piiin Priminm. Prox Proximo, next month. (^)ii Quarters. Uccd Received. S; pt Si pt ember. Si.' Sterlinii. Fit Ultimo, last mouth. Yds Yards. & And. .Vc And 50 forth. ? Dollars. <" Cents. % Per cent. -^ "/ ILLUSTRATIVE EXAMPLES FOR INSrECTION. Tim TUAXSACTIONS AIIE KNTKUKD IN THE VaUIOUS BoOKS, ACCOUUINO TO TUK SINGLE EnTUV MeTHOD. ME^klORAXDA. Tkuuo, Jim. 1, 1887. The following is the state of Peter Kaufmau'3 business this day : — I own a shop worth SSOO.OO ; T have merchandise ^ worth 81 •>;3o.U0; 1 have in cash SIO-S/J.S; 1 liold .John Taylors note for'^TH.OO, drawn July n, l-s.sG, for months, at 7 per cent; John Brown owes me on account SAH.aO. 1 owe Fred Jones on note of hand Slo.OO, drawn Xov. 0, 1S8G, for 2 months, at G per cent interest; and 1 owe Dultus ^ Lo., on account, $Go.oO. Jan. 3. ^Xm. Smith has hou-ht of me 2 yds. broadcloth, © $1.25 per yard; trimmings for .oat, ^2. 2.^ ; 1 overcoat, 81 0.-jO Frank Stephens has bought 2 gals, kerosene oil ® 48,<', and 4 11 )S. of tea (g 4;'),''. ., I have received from Boor & Co., Boston, 5 casks kerosene od, 2->3 o-nls @ 24<'. I have sent in payment a gold draft, pur- chase^d at the Merchants' Bank, for which I have paid 25 cents premium. I have paid duty on the above 10 A' per gal. ; freight and truckage, S5.00. Cash Sales this Day, $28.30. i ^ t U SINGLE ENTRY. 17 rECTION. s Books, ii). busiucss this andiso •worth TiiyhH-'s note ,t 7 per cent ; Nov. 0, Ift.SG, Duff us & Co., 1, © $1.25 per .0. I @ 48 ; : and :s kerosene oil, M draft, piir- ! paid 25 cents r gal. ; freight .Tolin lirown sent John Tlray witli an order, reqticstinp; mo to o-ive (Iruv nu'rchainhHe U> the value of 61.50, on lU-own's atrount. I have dt'livered tlie ^'oods. •loliii '1 aylor paid his note ^vith interest. Friink Sli'phcns has houghl 17 yds. hhick lustre (« OS'': 1 pair hlanlcets, .S1.5U ; I iMiffalo robe, ^17.5(». He has [)aid eanh, ^K'.OO on account. Cash Sales this Day, 832. 1'J. Jan. Tj. 'W S. Fitch & Co., of St. John, have forwarded lumber and ntiils aa per invoice, amounting to 6'JO.UO. 1 have remitted the money and i)aid expenses, 8^.32. -^ Frank Stephens has bouglit 1 bbl. Hour, 87.50 ; 28 lbs. bntter (ii 27'-' ; 1 tub, 25'/. I iiav(; paid DutTus & Co. 8''>'>.50, on account. David Craig has ijouglit .") gaU. kerosene oil (a, 48 ; 1 broom, 35^' ; 1.") lbs. sugar (« '.)'■'. John lirowu has paid 850.00, on account. Cash Salks this Dav, 82'J.1G. Jan. (5. "NYm. Smith lias bought, per daughter Jane, 1 ladies' sacquo, 8^.50 ; 1 pair of kid gloves, 81.10 ; 1 pair of boots, 82.25. Jolni IJrown has bought 1 pair of skates, 8'J.50 ; 1 bbl. Iloui', S7.50 ; and 2 gals, molasses (/i 12'-'. r have bought for cash 50 y2G39 lialnii.ro, net capital I 252'.) OS $110 50 Jan. 1, 18S7. JOH\ 15ROWX. Dr. 1 To balance due on old account DUFFUS & Co, Cr. $53 30 1 By balance due on old account $65 50 Jan. 3. William Siiitn. Dr. 1 To 2 vds. broadcloth (??> $-4.25 $8.50 2.25 1(5.50 Dr. 27 25 " ti'inniiinL;s for coat " overcoat Frank Stephens. 2 To 2 sals, kerosene oil @ ■iS<^' " 4 lbs. tea(ai 45'' .' $0.90 1.80 3 70 Amounts carried forward 88 31 65 50 20 1 1 SINGLE ENTEY. Tuvuo, Jan. 4, 1887. J . ,..vi/n hvr\Mnhi i^nTWHTfi 588 31 $65 50 Aniounts urougni jurwuiu John Brown. DJi- 1 To merchandise delivered Juhu Gray, per order ... Fkank Stf.i'Iiens. DR- 4 50 2 To 17 vds. black lustre @ 68 f* Sll-^J " 1 pair blankets I't!. t< 1 IwiIVmIm rnho 1^.0^ 33 56 Cii. 10 00 2 Ijy casu Jan. 5. Fkank Stephens. DR- rri„ 1 1,1.1 flnllr v/o" 15 3] G5 5( L 1 'lOUll.- lillttpr r?7i 27 '•'^" « i tub '^ DuFFUS & Co. Dk. 1 To cash David Cuaig. Du. 3 1 4 2 Jo d pals. KcroseuL uii vi^ ■i'-' f\ o- " 1 lil'rKltn U .31) " 1 ^ Iha cnmr ^ 9 ? '"''' John Brown. Ce. 50 00 1 I5y cash (,ou acci. ) 1 Jan. 6. William Smith. DR- rr 1 l„j;„<.' cnoniin SjO.aU 11 f 55 1 To i ladies sat que <* 1 »i.. \'\A rrlfu-pd l.iU i pr. Kiel pK)\ts . " 1 nr hoots / ~o Per daughter, Jane. 1 John Brown. Dr. Ta 1 nr cVltp<» ?O.0U 11 84 iO 1 pr. SKiUea r - A " T Mil fliiiii- '-'^ 1 DDL liour • " 2 gals, molasses @ 42,^*' ^-^^ S Private Accovxt. DR- 30 00 Amounts carried forward 2G4 01 125 50 Jli l!!'*' S65 10 50 30 84 00_ 01 GO 50 00 125 SINGLE ENTRY. Jan. V, 1887. AnioiDtts brought foncard David Cuaig. Viw. To 1 fur <:k^ ^-^^'j " 1 pr. tiloves ~~'^ " 1 \vlii[) "^"i Cr. By 10 busliLlsoaU @ 58^' ^'J^*' " ciisli ^-^i Fkaxk Stephens. Pu. To 18 rolls room paper @ 45 !•' i^S.lO " 25 Vila, carpi-'tiiip; 0^ ••?1.05 2<'..~'r) " 20 vds. biii.lin^ @, 0/ 120 " tacks.; ~ " '^ Ck. By note of hauJ (13. B.) Jan. 8. Joiix Buow.v. Pr. To 18 vds. l)lk. silk (7r S2,;',0 $41.40 " 2 vds. Canada t\veuil(r/ s;i.G0 ;V2I) " 1 bhi. Hour 7.25 " 1 gal. kerosene oil *' 4S ■William Smith. Dr. To 21 yds. white eutlou @ 13/ John Hill. Cu. By 1 week's serviee in shop Du. To cash DUFFUS & Co. Cu. By merchandise, as per invoice Private Account. Dr. To cash paid for hat .5201 35 10 375 01 $125 12 00 00 f)3 77 10 21 50 9 04 30 00 dutv on oil, $22.50 ; iVeipht, &c., ^5.00 to Fitch & Co., SyO.OO ; freight, 4:c., §8.32 DutVi!.-* & Co., $65.50 forhomespim, 127.50; herring, §45.00 for suit of clothrs for tlour, §295.00 ; frcisht, 837.'0 Jones's note, §45.00; interest, 45 ''"' J. Hiirs salary, §10 00; hat, §4.00 By balance, cash on hand ds. Time. 6 mos. 8 mos. , ■M BILL BOOK. RECEIVABLE. When Due. Rate of Interest. Remarks, Jan. 8, 1887 April 10. 1887 7% Paid with interest, Jan. 4, 1887. Discounted at Merchants' Bank, @ 7%, Jan. 8, 1887. Time. 2 mos. 6 mos. When Due, .Tan. 12. 1887 Julv 11, 1SS7 PAYABLE. Remarks. Paid with interest, Jan. 8, 1887. :i^ 24 SINGLE ENTRY. INDEX TO THE LEDGER. A i — p 11 Hill, John 2 Brown, John 1 15 * C Criiiij:, David 2 V Trivate Account D Dufl'us & CJo. 1 s Smith, AVm. Stephens, Frank 1 2 * * * * f f^ lilil SINGLE ENTRY. 25 2 t 2 1 2 Db. (1.) JOHN BROWN • Cb. 1887. Jim. 1 To ii To h.'ilance old arct. 4 ■i.5U il.8i 5; halaiici! .'.33 58 OS 120 70 30 07 '.»7 '.)7 1887. ,Ian. 15y 5 50.00 50 70 00 halance U7 " 8 120 97 Pr. DUITI'S & CO. 1887. Jan. 5 'Pu rash To halance. /o 30 00 1887. Jan. 1 I5v balance, old acct. Bv 75.UO Bu hahxiice Dr. ■\VILIJAM SMITH. Cr. 75 00 iO 00 Cr. 18b7. Jan. 3 8 To 27.25 11.85 3.12 Tn halance 42 22 22 1887. Jan. 8 Bi' halance 42 22 " 8 42 • 26 SINGLE ENTRY. 11 Da. FRANK STEPHENS. Cu. 1887. 3 4 To 2.76 33.30 7 " 33.07 5 51 35 87 03 67 30 1887. Jan. 4 7 By 10.00 77.30 87 Jan. 15,31 30 87 30 Da. DAVID CRATG. Ca. 1887. 5 7 To 3.14 6.50 q r,i, 1887. Jan. 7 By 9.64 9 64 Jan. 1 .. . — • Dr. 1887. Jan. To 30.00 4.00 PRIVATE ACCOUNT. 34 00 1887. Ck. Dk. 1887. Jan. To 10.00 JOHN HILL. 10 00 1887. Jan. By 10.00 , Cr. SINGLE ENTRY. 27 Cb. 87 30 87 30 Cb. M Cr. Cr. Dr. 18S7. Jan. 8 TRIAL BALANCE. Bb. Cb. .lohii Brown .... Dutl'iis X: Co Williatii Smith .. Friink Stephens . David Craig Private .\eeoimt John Hill $120 07 850 (io 50 140 42 22 87 30 87 y (U y 31 IM) . . • 10 0(1 03 10 3751 2071 00 50 36 01, 00 BALANCE SIIKET. Cr. Value of shop " mdse Cash (C. B.) John Brown (Led. p. 1 ) Wm. Smith (Led. p. 1) 800 1725 143 70 42 2787 00 00 57 I '7 22 70 1S87. Jan. 8 Blaek Brothers' note (B.B.) DntVus.^Co. (Led. p.l) Balance, net capital .... 100 00 75 j 00 2552; 70 2787 70 Net capital, Jan. 8, 18S7 $2552.76 " 1,1887 2520.OS Net gain $23.08 To the above must be added, as part of the proceeds of the business : — Personal expenses $34.00 Total g-\in §57.68 1 The total debits and credits here derived from the Ledger correspond respectively Tvith the total debits aud credits of the Day Book. 28 SINGLE ENTRY. ■ .ii! MERCANTILE FORMS. A BILL OF rURCKASE. aianjcd in accL Sec D. B., Jan. 7, v- ^1- TuuRO, Jau. 7, 18S7. Frank Stephens, Esq., v. ,.„«*« Bought of Peter Kaufman. 18 rolls room paper®, ioj' ^^^ ^,. 25 yds. carpctiiifr @ i^LOo '']~H) 20 Vas. biuiliiig fe G/ ()]., Tucks — ^ 35 07 A BILL OF PURCHASE. A Cash Sale. Eeceirted hy Clerh, John Hill. "William Johnson, Esq., Tkuro, January 7, 1887. Bought of Peter Kaufman. 15 vds. l)lk. lustre @ 52 (^ ST.RO 4 vfls. lining cotton ® 13)^ 1 silk hat. ."^ 0.52 4.50 Rcc'd payment, Peter Kaufman, Per J. II. 13 20 12 35 07 SINGLE ENTRY. AN ACCOUNT CURKENT. Bcc Lahjcr, p. HB. 29 „oiiN BuowN, "Esq., Tui'RO, Jan. 8, ISS?. Til lUToiiiit with Tkiku Kalkma.v, Dr. <( G i< 8 Jau. 7, 18S7. II AUFMAN. Jan. 1 I To balanoc old acrt $ofi 30 V •' imUf. diliviiicil John Oriiy, l)er order luO " 1 pr. skates, S:^.")!) ; 1 bid. Hour, $7.50 ; 2 gals, nudassus, (a\ \2<-' (^i'-') l^-'^'' " is yds. l)lli. sdk r"l§2,3()(§U.'10); 2 yd.. C. twml, (0- .Sl.C.O (::':V2()) '^^'■" " 1)L1." Hour, $7.2 J; 1 gal. k. oil, 48/- 7 7:i Ctt. " s Hy cn>\\ ... " balance ;i(l.n(l 7('..'.i7 120 foi laJance due P. A'. 120 70 '.)7 1)7 7'J nil muavy 7, 1 887. Kaufman. ".sn )..52 t.50 13 82 , RECEIPT. Sec Day Booh, Jan. 5. k-Q 00 Truro, Jan. 5, 18S7. ^"^ Received of John Brown, Fifty Dollars on nooount. PeTEII KxVUlMAN. M RECEIPT IN FULL. See D. n., Jan. 7. go f 4 Trvro, Jan. 7, 1887. Received of David Craig, in oats and cash, Nine iVj Dollars, in full of n.U demands to date. Peter Katfm.vn, Per J. II. ao SINGLE ENTRY. ! i AN ORDER. MercbanJise to be delivered to a third person. Sao D. B., Jan. 4. Onslow, Jau. 4, 1887. Peter Kaufman, Esq. TMease ., Jan. 4. , Jan. 4, 1S87. haiidisc to the John Buoavn. be order. , Jan. 1, 1SS7. mer ITluiula to ;uieiice, the fol- goods. iTER Kaufman. A IMIOMISSOKY NOTE. eir.O.OO. Turun. Jan. S, 1SS7. ~ " Six months nftfr (hitc, vahic roceivt'd, I promiMO to pny Bhick Brothers, Uno Uuiuhvd tiud Sixty Dolhirs, svilii ii.ti'ivst ut bix pur ccut. Peteu Kaliman. A PROMISSORY NOTE. Ni-'goliahle. 011.3.10, Tuuuo. Jan. 8. 1887. ' ~ Throo months after (hite, vahio received, T promise to pay I'eter Kaiifiiian, or order. One Hundred and Thirteeu ^^'q Dollars, with interest at six and oue half per cent. Samuel Jenkins. AN ACCOMMODATION NOTE. Drawn to be discouuteLl Ijy the Hank. SoO.OJl, Tnuuo, Jan. 10. 1887. ' ~ — Three months after date I promise to pay to the order of John West, at the Merchants' Bank, Truro, Fifty Dollars, for vakie received. RoBEKT Jones. The above note havinjT been indorsed by John West is dis- counted by the Bank, Junes receiving $50, less the interest. , Jan. 8, 1887. '0 -^^Q Dollars, William Smith. A JOINT AND SEA-ERAL NOTE. eiO_Om Tut-ao. N. S.. Jan. 4, 1887. = ~ Two months after date we jointly and severally promise to pay Thomas Jones, or order, Cue Huudred Dollars, with interest at six per ceiit, value received. -n ^ * KoBERT Black. Levi Williams. 'II III oo SIKGLE E^'TllY. X CHECK. Ba>"K of IIalif.^. Turuo, N. S., Jan. 10, 1887. ^''- ^^'''^' 1 ,. Two Hundred and Fourteen {,\ Pay James Cook, or order, Tvro liuna Dollars. Teteu Kaufman. $214.00. See Memoranda, Jan. 3, Oil Acct., p. 16. Mekciiaxts' Bank. $r)4.00 gold^ Truro, Jan. 3, 1S87. Fiftv-four ^\?, Dollars in gold, ^ alue le.eu count of this Bank. John Jack, Cashier. To Boston Bank, Ko. 10;i state Street, Boston. I ,i BILL OF EXCIU>'GE. T^lEKcn ants' Bant:. No. 1. Truro, Jan. 20, 1887. Exchange for ^^'^^' ^-^- . ,• p f ^f P^chanc^e (second and SiKty days aft.v sigbt "^ Xj^^^^t^ .i^' ot i.f<^'- third of «une tenor ..m! '>''', ";^!,>^^,,e WuUin?s, IStorliug, son & Douglas, K'*^ ''>--°'';: ^ " I'to a couut of this Bank, value reoeivea, an.l cha r-c the same to aceoun _^^^^^ ^ ^^^^^ Cashier To Ban-k of Enolano, London. I SINGLE EXTKY O.) „ Jan. 10, 1887. id Fourteen yVo ?ETER Kaufman. 16. ;ro, Jan. 3, 1S87. rs. Z. Poor & Co. aud eliarge to ac- JoiiN Jack, Cashier, ;URO, Jan. 20, 1887- liangc (secoiul and , the order of Jeffer- Sbillin.a-s, Sterliug, it of this r.ank. John Jack, Cashier. LETTER OF INTRODl CTTOX. TuiKo, N. S, Jan. 30, 18 -.7. Messrs. Z. Poor t*i: Co., r5osTou. Gentlemen, — Allow me to introduce to you my young friend, ]\Ir. David \V»,-l)ster, who visits your city for the pwr[)Ose of obtaiuing a situation as l)Oolv-koi'i)er. oMr. Webster is well ac- quainted with the general princii)les of book-keeping, l)nt he has luid very little ex})erieuce in i)ractical work. He is, however, intelligent, industrious, and thoroughly reliahle. 1 have, there- fore, much conlidence in his ultiuiute success, aud beg to connneud liuji to your favorable notice. 1 am, gentlemen, Yours siucerely, .?.*eter Kaufman. A LETTER OF CREDIT. Teueo, .Tan. 11, 1SS7. Messrs. F. Farker & Co. Gentlemen, — The l.>earer, Mr. John Ilill, \isits Halifax for the puri)Ose of purchasing goods. Should he desire to purchnse of you on credit, you may lu^ld me resjionsible for any amoiuit not exceeding four hundred dollars (SlO(i). Please notify me promptly of any failure on the part of Mr. Hill to meet his obligations with you. Sincerely, Peter K.vufman. EXAMPLES FOR PRACTICE IN SINGLE AND DOUBLE ENTRY. GENERAL DIRECTIONS. Blank Books both for Single and Double Entry, designed to aceorapany this .vork, are prepared in adaptation to the examples in Ch-ipter 111. In using these blanks observe the following :— SINGLE ENTRY. The first seventeen pages are for the Day Book ; the next four for the Cash Book ; the next two for the Bill Book ; the next page for the Ledger Index ; and the remaining pages for the Ledger. Write the general statement of the business on the first page of the Day liook ; enter the old accounts on the second page ; and proceed with new accounts on the third page. ^ The numl>er of lines required for the different letters in the Ledger Index are — - -r. ^ Three for B, one for C, one for D, one for E, one for F, one for G , one for II, one for M, four for B, three for W. Leave one or two lines more for each letter than the required nu' O^^r. DOUBLE ENT.IY. The first eighteen pages are for the Day Book ; ta. nineteenth pane is a blank ; the next four pages are (or ihe Cash Book ; t ic next two for the Bill Book ; the next twenty for the Journal ; the next page is for the Ledger Index ; and the remaining pages are for the Ledger. ^^ n . AVrite the general statement of the business on the first page, and proceed with new business on the second page. mi SINGLE ENTRY. 31LE AND y, designed to 3 the examples following : — ; the next four ; the next page I' the Ledger. I the first page ;ond page ; and The numhor of lines rc(]uired for the different letters in the Ledger Index are — Five for B ; two for C ; two for D ; two for E ; one for F ; one for ( T ; one for 11 ; one for I ; two for JNI ; four for P ; one for R ; two for S ; one for 'V ; three for W. The accounts requiring a full page in the Ledger are, jNIerchan- dise, Casli, Trial IJalance, and Ilalanee Account. Carry along tlie Day Book, Cash Book, and Bill Book together. Transfers from the Day Book to the Journal or Ledger can be made at the end of each day's business, or they can be left until tiie Day Book has been completed. In actual business the Cash Book should I>e balanced at the end of each day; itAvill be sullicient iiere to balance at the end of each week, that is, Jaiuuiry 8, lo, 22, and 2'J. Cash paid on account shouhl not be considered as part of cash sales, but should be entered in the Cash Book seinu-ately. Transfer the accounts from the Day Book to tlie .lournal or to the Ledger in the order in which they occui', placing a mark in the margin of the Day Book, opposite each acc"} sioilhir p<'il"ienti are not to be consklerecl as part nj casli sates.) Thomas Davis has paid on account. 8nG.48. Ca:?ii Sales this day, 825.28. .Tail. 5. John Brown has bought 30 yds. unbleached cotton @ 12,'' ; 32 yds. ciu-petiug (" 81.25 : 1 lamp. 75 ^' : 5 gals. k. oil fe 48/. I have paid John :Murray on account. 858.00. Cash Sales this day, $38.00. Jan. 6. Levi Williams has paid on account $02.25. He has bought 5 bills, flour dr. 87.25. I have paid Fred, Parker & Co., 8150.00, on account. Cash Sales this day, $53.13. SINGLE ENTRY. land, $3o0.00, cent ; Fred. lohii IMiu'i'iiy, ;e ou account, lontli. weight 28 lbs., it 1') yds. blk. s, 82. -i.). 100.00. til interest for h interest, foi' > gals, molasses account, 8"). on, 'ered as ^xi/'^ "./' tton@ 12,''; 32 Dll (ri; iSf. He has bought scouut. Jan. 7. IJouizht of Z. Poor & Co., r.oston, for cash, 10 casks kerosene oil, ."»()() gaUons ^20 f. In piiynu-nt, I have sent a gokl draft, purcliMsed :it the ]\Ierchant>' Bank, — gold at par. 1 have puid \ jx'r cent for the draft; duty, Id cents i)cr gallon: frei-iit mu\ truckage, 8I0.0'.>. I'otal, clilo.:)!. Robert I'orter, l)e('oining insolvent, c()nii)oundi'd with his credi- tors, paying OO Cents on tlie ilolhir. (/'o/-/r/' ni".^/ /» rrrdiled /rilh Crt.s/i, 81 11. •'il', Cind "'ill' jn'djif and hiss to hiddiiri' (irctii.iil.) L\\>n Sai.ks this i>ay, 8."j*i.1o. .Tan. 8. Samuel .Tenkins has bouglit i'. casks k. oil, 270 gals., 67 12 '" ; and I have taken his note for the amount, for ;5 montlis, (a V>\ per rviii. Tliomas Farrell lias liou'jht .') lbs. tea fe ■t2;' ; ;) do/., eggs Qi 18 '• ; 2.') bbls. crushed sugar (c 11 '•'. •Tami's Wiggins hns bought 2 yds. Itroadcloth (;/ 8I.')0; 2.1 yds. German cloth ('/ 81. ">0; cloth for vest, 81. '^K: tJ'immings for suit, 81. ")0. Cash Salf.> this i>av, 8'5-"'.10. ■Tan. ]0. I have bought of T. FuHim' v*^ Co. merchandise as ])cr invoice, amounting to 8;)^)0.00, for which J have given my note payable in 3 months, interest at <'> per cent. I have paid .lames Cook on account 821 1.00. John Murray h:is Itought ."J lbs. tea (a. 12 ;■• ; 1 overcoat, 88.50; 4 yds. llannel (V, ;")."< -'. Cash Sale.s nns day, 805.00. .Tan. 11. T have iiiven Peter Crant merchandise to the amount of 8">..'jO, on James Wiggins's (U'llci-, The flour sold Levi Willinms on the 0th ])roving liad, I have deducted "lO '" per bbl. {Glee. Wdh'ams crcdd for 82. oO discount on jln>'r.) John Rrown has bought 1 bbl. flour, 87..">(> ; 1 bbl. corn moal, 85.50 ; 20 lbs. sugar (/.; !» '' : 3 yds. C. tweed ('■■ 81.75. Cash Sales this day, 832.11. as SINGLE ENTRY. Jan. 12. Thomas Brooks has bought 50 lbs. flour @ 4/ ; 1 lb. tea, 45)^ ; '^^ htvrpuUl'ciii $4.50 for a ton of coal f .r the shop I have bought of Thomas Farrell 5 pr. mens boots @ 63.00, on account. , ... o-q lo Cash Sales this 1)a\, bo^.iJ- Jan. 13. Thomas Davis has bought 2 prs. woollen blankets g $4.7.5 ; 28 yas. lusfo e 05 . , 1 boys- suit .0 7..; ..yds. C^ t--^ C M^ «. llobert Eaton has bought o2 lbs. Duttci ^r ';^ ' / ' S7 75 ; 1 set ladies' furs, 625.00. He has paid cash on account 8-20.00. {Ch"ri,e the articles hovght, give credit Jor the cash, and enter in Cash Boole.) •„!,+ iqt, 11.= ^ I have bought of Levi Williams 1 qr. beef, ^^-eight 13o lbs. @ G^/, on account. <.ti oa Cash Sales this day, 821.20. Jan. 14. Thomas Davis has bouglit 25 yds. carpetin- (7 Si .55 ; 135 lbs. beef Qi; 7 '•• . 1 have bought of him 2G \l>s. butter @ 21 f . Levi Williams has bought 1 bbl. herring, 85.50. . Thomas Farrell has bought 1 bbl. flour, 87.75, 1 bbl.Jiernng, $.3.50. I have bought of him 12 prs. ladies' boots @ hl.^o. Cash Sales this day, 0G2.OO. Jan. 15. I have bouo-ht of Black Brothers merchandise, as per invoice, amounting to S250.75. I have paid tliem cash on account, luH^t^nd given them my note for $150.00, for 3 months, without interest. ^.w 1 i.„i,if. John Brown has bought 15 yds. table bnen (^Uf; 1 table- spread, $2.75 ; 2 prs. woollen blankets g $4.75 ; 18 yds. blk. silk " William Smith has paid his note due this day, $180.00, with 4 months' interest, at 7 per cent. Levi Williams has bought 1 chest tea. 80 lbs., @ 38)^ ; 1 bbl. sugar, gross weight 242 lbs., tare 22 lbs., (?/^ '''. Cash Sales this Day, $^0.14. SINGLE ENTRY. 39 Jan. 17. I have bought niarchandise of Frsd. Parker & Co., a8 per invoice, amounting to ^i-)32.00, and paid them in cash. James Wiggins lias bought 5 gals. k. oil fe -io f ; 1 bbl. herrmg, $5.50; 1 shovel, 81.25. Thomas Farrell has bought 2 yds. l)roadcloth @ S3./o; clotU for vest, $1.00 ; 2}^ yds. tweed («: $1.25 ; trimmings, $-1.25. Cash Sales this Day, $58.00. Jan. 18. Thomas Davis has bought 3 bbls. flour @ $7.50; 1 stove, $13.50; 1 buffalo robe, $b^. 50. . ,. i t- , John Murray has bought 50 lbs. sugar @ 9/ ; 18 yds. French twill ©62". ,^^ ^, Thomas Slow has obtained a barrel of flour, ^<..00; 1 pr. ladies' boots, 82.50. . .lohn Ilohues lu^s bought 25 lbs. ^'hite lead® 10''; 1 pamt- brush, DO,''; 1 gal. oil, 81.00. C\sii Sales, $79.14. Jan. 25. T have bou-ht of J. ^^^lite & Co., Boston, for cash, 200 lbs. tobacco (.22-10 chests tea, IH.O lbs., ^. 80 ^ ; 1 ^^f^^^^^^^^ oil, 450 gals., ® 20''. I have sent m payment a gold diaft ob- tained aUhe Merchants' Bank, - gold at par. raid 1 per cen for draft. Paid duty on tobacco, 20'.- per lb. and la per cent ar ralorom; duty on tea 8 '' per lb. ; duty on oil, 10 ' per gal. Paid freight and truckage on the above, 821.74. - lotal amount, ^'Tl\omas Davis has bought 1 dinner set, 814.50 ; 2 doz knives 89.75 ; 2 doz. silver plated forks, 8S.50. He has paid ^'0 bushels oats C'^ 58" ; 40 bushels barley, @ 85/ ; 25 turkeys, weiglit lob lbs., @ 14,'' per lb. ; cash, 887.00. Cash Sales, 868.24. . 'S Sl^'GLE ENTRY. •41 Jan. 20. Wm. Griffin has bought 1 tnrkoy, G^ Ihs., at 10 •' ; 2 galM. kero- sene oil (rt I'S''. I had Samuel Jenkins's note discounted at the Mercliants' Dunk, at 7 per cent. {Fbnl the inferesf for flu' I'-liolc finw for (i-hii'li Ihe note icas drawn — 3 mo)dh.i ((ml ;i dans — nt (;.l jicr cent = SI. '.'<). Add this to thepflncipal — Uio.U) + 6l.l»0 — $115. ."50. Compute the discount on this for the time the note luts io run — Jan. 20 to jipril 11 — at 1 per cent = SI..O0. This svbtnu-ted from 81 10. 30 leaves $113.05, the umonnt receircd on. the noie.) Levi Williams has bought 3 turkeys, 10^ lbs. (a 10 '' ; 10 bushels oats @ 64 f. I have bought of Jefferson & Douglas, Liverpool, England, 00 yds. broadcloth fe Ms. stg. ; 54 yds. black silk (a JSs. ; and «0 yds. carpet ® 4s. Od. Paid for the above by bill of exchange on London, 00 days sight, bought at Mercliants' Bank, the rate of exchange on London being [)}, per cent luvmium. I'aid duty on the above 17.V percent ad valorem; freight and truckage, 6'^. 45. {The cost of the goods is £81 12^. stg. Find the rabit of ill sig. in dollars and cents by adding O.^i^er cent to $4.44$ or 8-^-; '''"^- ti phi the result hi/ 81.(j to obtain the value of £Hl 12s., in dollars and cents. — Total entry in Cash Book, 8475.07.) Cash Sales, 865.15. Jan. 27. Thomas Farrell has bought 58 11)s. sole leather ^ 28 '■ ; and 5 bu. barley @ 02^'. He has paid cash on account, 815.00. John Murray has paid cash, 828.40 on account. James Wiggins has bought 1 lantern, 84 '' ; 1 doz. honey soap, 81.08 ; a turkey, 7 lbs., (7' 10 ^ I have paid David Webster his salary for one month, 840.00. {As ihe salary is not yet due, Webster must be debited with the amount.) Cash Sales, 825.20. I 42 SINGLE ENTRY. Jan. 28. Jolin Brown has bought 1 pr. ladies' boots, $2.25 ; 1 pr. over- shoes, SI. 75 ; t pr. fur gloves, $5.00. ., ^ .^ . . m H.m Kobert Katou has bought 5 gals, kerosene o.l @ 4^; , 10 lbs. tea & 42/ ; 1 whip, 85/ ; 18 yds. dress material fe 72^. He has paid cash on account, $30.00. Cash Sales, $41.20. Jan. 99. Thomas Brooks has bought 3 yds. Canadian tweed @ Si. 25 ; 1 coat, S8.25 ; a felt hat, 9G >'. Levi WilUams has bought 1 tea set, S4.25 ; 1 doz. spoons, SO. 50 ; 5 lbs. raisins (?) 17 ^ James AViggins has bought 1 overcoat, SI 6.00. Jol.n Holmes has bought 1 bbl. flour, 87.75 ; 5 gals, kerosene oil ©45/; 5 lbs. tea® 42/. Casu Sales, SC2.10. Jan. 31. James Wiggins has given me an order on Black Brothers for S150 00. They have accepted the order in exchange for my note of hand, dated Jan. 15th. {Give Wifjg>ns credit, and make the proper entry in Bill Book.) 1 have entered to the credit of David Webster, service in shop for one month, S40.00. I have paid cash for a coat for myself, S20.00. Levi Williams has bought 60 yds. white cotton @ 14 ^ ; and 1 hearth rug, S6.50. John Holmes has bought 2 yds. broadcloth @ S4.50 ; 1 vest, $2.28. He has paid cash on account, $45.78. Cash Sales, $74.12. With tory of results : SINGLE ENTRY. ^ a view to cliange in my busiuoHS, T have taken an luvcn- my property and balanced my books, with the following Assets. Value of shop $1,100.00 " niLTchamlise o.UOO.oO Cash -i;"7 ' Levi ^VilliaIU9 owes on acct iiiAi Thomas Farrell ^^''^l John Bmwu "^^ ^'^ Thos. Hrooks j^'* '_''f llobt. Eaton ^--"^^ Wni. Grillin '^' -^^ Total assets $(),(i73.4.0 Liabilities. Note of hand, Fuller & Co $330.00 James Cook, on acet '-^''-^^ James Wiggins, on acet ______ Total ^'^"'•'-^'^ Balance, net capital $0.218.05 DOUBLE ENTRY. 1. Tho metliofl of Boolv-koo])inn; shown on the precofling pnjros is styled Siuijh' Entry, liy ivtVronce to the Day Hook luid the jA'di-r, it will 1)0 soon that iiccotiiits jire there kept with persons only. This nietiiod is ctiUed Sin-iie Entry from the faet that each tniiisiiction recorded in the Day Book is entered but once in the Ledo-cr, either ou the debit or on the credit side of some person's aecoimt. 2. ill DoruLE ExTUY accounts are kept with both persons and thiiiizs, and every transaction is reirarded in such a way as to in- volve the r/o/^/y/f^'idea of debit and credit, liy each transaction one l)erson or kind of property becomes debtor, and another person or kind of jiroperty becomes creditor. Thus each transaction is entered twice in the Lediici', once on the debit side of some ac- count, and once on the credit side of another account, makir tiie total del)it entries equal in amount to the total credit entrie; 3. If I'eter Kaufman )>ej:>ins business with 8:^000 wortn of merchandise, he can consider himself as the creditor, and IMer- cluuidise the debtor, and he may make the following entries : — rETEK Kaufman, Cr. By merchandise invested iu business §2,000.00 Merchandise. Dr. To value of goods invested I?2,000.00 4. In recordinfj the history of his business ])y the Double Entry method, he will debit Merchandise with every addition to his stock in trade, and he will credit INlerchandise with everything he sells ; if he pays cash for goods, he will make Cash creditor and INlerchan- dise debtor ; if he gives his note for goods he will make r>ills Tay- able creditor, and Merchandise debtor ; if he sells goods on credit, he will make the purchaser debtor, and Merchandise creditor ; if he sells for cash, he will make Cash debtor, and Merchandise DOCBLE ENTRY. 45 creditor ; if ho takes a nolo of liaiul for «xoo(ls, ho will make Hills Uocoivablo dehlor, ami Mcri'liaiidiso rri'ditor; if he pays inoiu-y for oxponse in farryiiioNAL A«(<»rNTs: as, ir/». ./""(as.s'. 6. Instead of orediti"nnotor usually makes such entries under the lictitious title of Stock or Cdpitill Ac'OIIKt' 7. The whole stock in trade may be entered under the g:onoral title Mi'rch((ii(h's(', or wo may oi)on si)ecial accounts witli certain classes of 'es. 9 The Day IJook should contain a complete history of tiio business, includin- not only a record of all debits and credits, but also of all transactions entered in the Cash Book or ui the Bill Book. . ,. , 10 The JoruNM. is a b(^ok used in Double Entry, mtormodiato between the Day l'>ook and the Lcdoer, to facilitate the work of po-tiu"-. It is not an essential book, as we could i-ost .w ■ s 50 DOUBLE ENTRY. ■ m DOUBLE ENTRY ILLUSTRATED. DAY BOOK. Truko, Jan. 1, 1887. The foUowiug is the state of Peter Kaufman's business at tliis date : — ASSKTS. Value of shop ff.f merchandise ^'^'^^JZ Ciuxh in hand • 468.28 Taylor's note John Brown owes on account Liabilities. Joiios's note Dull'us & Co.'s account Balance, net capital 78.00 58.30 45.00 65.50 Jan. 3, 1887. Sold Wm. Smith, on acrt.,— 2 yds. broadcloth @ $4.25 ?« 50 Trimmings for coat ^■''■'^ Overcoat. 16.50 Sold Frank Stephens, on acct., — 2 srals. kerosene oil @, 48 «^ 0-96 4 lbs. tea® 45/ 1-^Q Bought of R. Poor & Co., Boston, for cash,— ^ 225 gals, kerosene oil @ 2i^ 54.00 Paid duty on oil @ 10 (^ per gal 22.50 Freight and truckage 5.25 Sold merchandise for cash 2 2 2 2 2 o 2 2 DOUBLE ENTRY. Truro, Jan. 4, 1837. Sold John Brown on aoct., and delivered to John Gray on Brown's oi'der, — 1 coat Received from Jolui Taylor amount of his note, — principal, $78.00; interest, .^:2. 73 Sold Frank Stephens, on aert., — 17 yds. black lu.stre % 68/ $11.56 1 pr. blankets 4 50 1 buffalo robe \7.oO Received from Frank Stephens, on acct., cash Sold merchandise for cash Jan. 5. Bought of S. Fitch & Co., St. John, N. B., for cash, — Lumber and nails, as per invoice $90.00 Paid freight and truckage 8.82 Sold Frank Stephens, on acct., — 1 bbl. Hour ,.,. $7.50 28 lbs. butter @ 27 ''^ 7.56 1 tub 25 Paid Duffus & Co., on acct., cash Sold David Craior, on acct., — 3 r 2 To Dufifus & Co 00 2 Bills Pavable T^r 3 Interest 1 To cash 45 4 Expense Ttr 1 To cash 00 3 Private account T>r 1 To cash 00 1 Cash Dr 1 To merchandise 41 4432 70 4432 70 DOUBLE ENTRY. in LEDGER INDEX. A. B. Bills Receivable 2 Brown, John 2 Bills Payable 2 Balance Account 4 C. Cash 1 Craig, David 3 D. Duffus&Co 2 E. Expense 4 G. H. T. Interest 3 J. K. L. Merchandise 1 N. O. P. Private Arconiit 3 Proiil and Loss 4 Q. R. t. Shop 1 Stock 2 Smith, William 3 Stephens, Frank 3 T. Trial Balance 4 58 DOUBLE ENTRY. (1.) Dr. Mil OF. ^1 K. 1SS7. Jan. 1 1 To bUO 1 800 GO 1887. Jau. 8 Bi/ balance .... 800 00 . Dk. MERCHANDISE. 18S7 Jau. 1 3 To 1,235.00 81.75 _5_ 6 98.32 72.50 _7 8__ 5.80 332.50 8 8 " 160.00 75.00 " profit and loss 1,316 170 338 235 C6 2,127 75 82 30 00 76 '1887 Jan. 68 By 3 27.25 3 8 2.76 4 « 28.30 4 33.56 5 4.50 4 32.19 5 IC II « 15.31 6 29.16 6 11.84 7 3.14 6 1185 6 32.12 7 (f « 650 7 34.62 8 35.(17 8 52.33 8 " 3.12 38.41 " balance acct. Mdse. as ^ luv'y Cr. 30 32 65 18 41 43 42 86 41 1,725 2,127 01 80 75 45 01 96 17 95 53 00 63 D R. CASH. Cb. iss: Jan. 1 To 408.28 4 " 80.73 4 " 32.19 5 " 29.16 7 " 3 84 8 8 28.30 4 10.00 6 " 496 90 82 61 38 114 58 73 19 28 46 35 59 1887 Jan. By 8 5 81.75 98.32 6 6 65.50 72.50 6 30.00 8 ISO 138 30 332 55 4 143 07 (10 ii 50.00 6 32.12 7 00 i< 332.50 8 8 45.45 10.00 8 4.00 balance 50 .oo 75 00 140 50 140 50 . . ,.„ 1 II 1 60 DOUBLE ENTRY. Dr. (3.) "WILLIAM SMITH. Ck. 1887. .Till 8 6 To 27.25 11.85 8 3.12 t 39 3 10 12 1887. Jan. 8 Bv balance 42 ..ill 42 22 4x' ij.: „. Da. FRANK STEPHENS. Cu. 1887. Jan. 3 4 To 2.76 33.56 5 7 36 50 32 98 1887. Jau. 4 7 By 10.00 77.30 • 87 80 1 Dr. DAVID CRAIG. Ck 1887. Jau. 6 To 3.14 7 6.50 9 64 1887. Jau. 7 By 9.04 9 01 Dr. PRIVATE ACCOUNT. Cr. 1887. Jan. _6_ _8_ To 30.00 4.00 34 00 1887. Jan. B'l stock . 34 00 DOXTIiLE ENTRY. Du. (4.) EXPENSE. Cit. :s87 .Inn. 8_ ro 10.00 10 00 1887. Jaa. By profit and loss . 10 00 1)11. PROFIT AND LOSS. Cr. 1887. Jjiii. 8 I'o e.rpense „ 10 57 00 fig — 1 fi8 1 1887. 1 Jan. 8 Hi/ mercha)ulise .... " interest . CO 76 (C " s/oc/c *.)■} 67 67 68 . TRIAL BALANCE. ■ It" I-c l:rcr. ACCODNTS. Dr. Auiuuutg. Cr. Auiouuts. 1 Shop 800 2,060 883 155 126 110 45 65 42 '\ 9 34 10 00 87 5'.) 30 «7 50 00 50 22 30 81 64 00 00 402 740 15.-^ 50 2,631) 205 140 87 J) y I MLTchiiiidise 63 ■) C;ish 02 .) Hills Receivable 31 » •) John Brown 00 3 Stock fjS 3 Bills Payable (II) 3 Diitlus & Co r,o 3 William Smith ■1. Frank Stephens 30 4 Interest .... 73 4 David Crait? 64 4 Private Aecount 5 Expense 4,432 70 4,432 70 -# ■n 62 DOUBLE ENTRY. Dr. (5.) BALANCE ACCOUNT. Cr. 1887. Jan. 8 To Shop " ^Merchandise " Cash . Ledger Pttge. 1 1 1 2 3 800 00 17i.'5|00 14357 76' 1)7 42 22 2787 76 1887. Jan. 8 <( By Bills Payable " Duffus & Co.. " Stock Ledger Page. 2 2 2 IGO 75 2552 2^,7 00 00 7fi cc " John Brown.. " Wni. Smith . 76 Net capital, Jan. 8, 1887 §2,552.76 " 1, " 2,529.08 Net gain 23.08 Add amount withdrawn as ^ private account 34 00 Total gain 57 68 ■ ■ JL.I=X=EI>TIDI2^. HE SIX COLUMN METHOD. A concise system of bo.)k-keeping by tloublo entry, known as tlie Six Cohimii Method, is used by nuuiy merchants. It couibines in one book the Day Book, the Cash Book, and the Journal. This method is iUustrated in the following pages. The transactions are those of the short course given on pages 16, 17, and 18. The three columns on the left are debit ; those on the right are credit ; the outside columns on the left and right are for cash, --debit and credit, respectively ; the middle columns are for merchandise ; and the inner columns aie for sundries, including personal accounts, bills, and all others not cash or merchandise. The various entries in the diilerent columns are added, and the sums are carried forward from page to page through a certain period, as a week, or a montl At the end of this period the cash and merchandise accounts are posted, simply by entering the sum of the debit entries of each during the p.eriod on the debit side of the corresponding account in the ledger, and the sum of the credit entries of each hu Mie credit side of that account. livery entry in the sundries column is posted separately undtir its proper title as given in the middle of the page. The sum of the three debit columns is always equal to the sum of the three credit columns. The, excess of the .-um of the debit entries in the Cash column above the sum of the entries on the credit side, shows the amount of cash on hand. 64 SIX COLUMN METHOD. Ttti'RO, Jan. 1, 1887. Cr. Cash. 1 Mcrchai)-; liise. Sun- dries. — — Pun- OiitiB. Merchan- diso. Cash I 1 Assets, 28 1235 00 800 78 58 00 00 30 ■ Shop 2639 58 Mei'chaiidise 4<;8 Cash Bills Receivable John Brown (old account) To Stock Liabilities. 1 1 110 50 Stock. To Bills Payable ToDuffus&Co.(oldac) Jan. 3. 45 65 00 50 1 27 25 Wm. Smith. To mdse 2 yards broadcloth (a 4 25 8.50 Trimmings for coat . . 2.25 Overcoat 1().50 27.25 27 25 ! 1 2 76 Frank Stephens To mdse 2 76i 2 gals, oil (a), 48c....0.9() 4 lbs. tea ^1 45c.... 1.80 2.76 81 75 1 Merchandise To Cash Purchase from Z. Poor : 225 gals, k.oil (a 24c.54.00 Duty, 10c. per gal. .22.50 Freight and truckage 5.00 Cost of draft 25 8L75 81 75 28 30 Cash. To mdse. sold 28 30 49« 58 I.SIG ,75 1076 81 2750 08 58 31 81 75 619, SIX COLUMN METHOD. 65 Dr. Truro, Jan. 4, 1887. Cash. 496 58 Merchan- dise, 80 73 10 32 00 19 131G (O 98 32 619 50 1415 07 Sun- dries. 1076 33 56 15 31 (55 3 1198 82 John Brown. To nid.se Coat deliveiod to John (jiay, per order, 4.50 Cash. To bills receivable To interest Frank Stephens. To indse 17 yds. black lustre («!| 15 lbs. sugar (a 9c..l.;}5i 3.14 Cr. Sun- dries. 275008 Merchan- dise. 78 001 73: 10 00 284081 58 4 33 56 32 19 15 31 147 14 01 Cash. 81 75 98 32 65 50 I 245 57 66 Dr. SIX COLUMN METHOD. Truro, Jan. 5, 1887. Cr. Cash. Merchan- dibe. Sun- dries. Sun- dries. 2840 81 Merchan- dise. 147 01 Cash 619 no 1 1415 07 J1198 82 245.'= )7 .50 00 f Cash. To John Brown Received on account .... 50 00 2916 1185 1 Cash. To merchandise— sales. Jan. 6. Wm. Smith. To mdse 2916 1185 1 H9,cnue 8.50 1 pr. gloves 1.10 1 pr. boots 2.25 1 i 1184 1 11.85 John Brown. To TTidse 1184 1 pr. skates 8.50 1 bbl flour 7.50 2 gals, molasses @ 42c ' 84 72 .5C 2 ) 30 00 11.84 Merchandise. To rash 321 72 30 2 50 55 yds. homespun @ 55c 27.50 10 bbls. herring @ 4 50 45.00 72.50 Private account. To cash Paid for suit of clothes, 30 00 00 821 Cash. To mdse— sales Jan 7. 6 50 David Craig. Tn mdse 65 1 fur caD 3.50 1 pr. gloves 2.25 Ivvhip 75 6.50 730 7 8 1487' 5 7 1259 0] L 2890 Si' 238 4 8 84! j07 SIX COLUMN METHOD. 67 Dn. Thuuo, Jan. 7, 1887. Cr. Cash. 730 3 78 84 Meri'hnn-ii Sun- 34 62 75 94 845 18 diso, 1487 5 dries. 57 1259 80 332 100 1985 50 00 87 01 35 67 30 36 1373:34 Merchandise . . CnHh. To David Craig 10 bu. oats (w .'i8c 5,80 Cash -on account .3.84 9.64 Frank Stephens. To nid.se 18 rolls paper @ 4.5c. S.lOi 25yds. carjietri:.' 1.05.26.25 20 yds. binding fff 6c. 1.20 Tacks 12| 35.67 Bills receivable. To Frank Stephens No^e of hand on acct. — B H. No. 2. Cash. To mdse.- -sales Jan. 8. Cash Interest. To bills receivable. . . . Received on F, Stephen's note. B. R. No. 2 75.94 Discount 1.36 77.30 Merchandise. I To cash I Purchased for cash. i50 bbls. flour (a} \ 5.90 295.00 I Freight & truckage 37.50 I 332. .-)0 Merchandise. To bills payabU' Purchase of lila' x Tiros. on note for 6 months., B. P. No. 2. Sun- dries. 2890 81 9;64 Merchan- I disu. I 77 30 77130 160 13215 00 05 Cash. 238 35 481 348 67 34 62 308 7 332 50 680 57 68 Dr. SIX COLUMN METHOD. Truuo, Jan. h, 1887. Ob. Cash. Merchan- dise. Sun- dries. — 1 Sun- dries. 1 1 i 3215,05 Merchan- dise. Cash 845 18 1985187 1 1373 34 308 77 r)80 ; 1 1 i 52| 33 1 1 ! John Brown. To nidse 18 vds. blk silk (a), 2.30 41.40 2 vds CO tweed (f/ 100 3.20 l"bbl. flour 7.25 1 gal. k. oil 48 1 i i .52 33 1 .52,33 1 3 I 12 Wni. Smith, To mdse 24yd.s. cotton (8' 13c 3.12 3 12 I 75 GO 1 Merchiuidise ToDutfuH& Co 75 OOi '" 1 ! (jrciods as per invoice. 1 1 1 i 1 1 j 45 00 45 1 Bills payable. Interest. To cash . ... 1 1 i 1 1 1 1 i 45 ! Pf.id F. Jones's note. B. P. No. 1 45.00 Paid interest 45 1 45.45 1 10 00 Exj)enHe. | To cash I Paid J. HiU'w salary fori week lO.OOl i 10 1 1 1 1 4 00 Expense. To cash Paid cash for hat,4.00. 1 1 1 1 4 38 41 Cash. To nidse— sales 1 i 38 41 _ _ ■ ; — ~_ 883 59 1 2060 87 1488 2000 883 24 87 59 Sundries 1 i 3290 402 740 05 03 02 ! 402 i 1 03 740 Merchandise Cash 1 1 4432 70 1 1 44.32 70 1 1 !•'" 45 00 00 I Ml 15 t ) t I I *5 I I