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L 
 
CHARGE 
 
 OF THE 
 
 LORD BISHOP OF TORONTO 
 
 TO THE SYNOD. 
 
 REPORT OF 
 
 THE CHURCH ASSOCIATION, 
 
 AND 
 
 MEETING OF THE 
 
 Protestant Episcopal Divinity School 
 
 OF TORONTO 
 
 .*- 
 
 HUNTER, ROSE & CO., PRINTERS, WELLINGTON ST. WEST. 
 
 1879. 
 
o. 
 
 X. i,. » „^ 'V 
 
 j 1 
 
 ^Ol 
 
 a" 
 
'^^"■■■■ii 
 
 i 
 
 THE EIGHT EEVEEEND THE LORD BISHOP OF TORONTO. 
 
 ADDKESS 
 
 <Mr 
 
 THE RIGHT REV. THE LORD BISHOP 
 
 OP 
 
 TORONTO, 
 
 Delivered before tJie Syiu)d of Hie Diocese on T\uadayf 10th June, 1879, 
 
 «•••»■ 
 
 Reverend Brethren, and Brethren of the Laity.— In address- 
 ing you to-day, for the first time, in Synod assembled, as your President, 
 1 feel a grave responsibility resting upon me, which leads me to seek 
 your indulgence and considerate sympathy. 
 
 The position to which I have been called, as an administrator of this 
 important Diocese, is one that demands very great wisdom as well at 
 faithfulness; and this need is enhanced by the circumstances of difficulty 
 -which have, for a long time past, attended the conduct of its councils. 
 
4 CHARGE OF 
 
 The unprecedented and prolonged contest which signalised the recent 
 election of a Bishop by this Synod will always be remembered as a re- 
 markable and instructive episode in the history of the Church in Can- 
 ada. It attracted the attention of the whole country, and was watched 
 with anxious interest, not only by the members of our own communion, 
 but by those of all denominations ; for it was evident that very dearly 
 cherished principles on either side were at stake, and it is a matter of 
 deep thankfulness to know that the struggle, determinedly, persistently 
 as it was maintained, was yet conducted throughout with a temper, a 
 a dignity, a courtesy and a solemn, prayerful sense of a weighty duty 
 that reflect lasting honour upon the Christian spirit of this body. 
 
 The happy result of so fairly, so ably waged a conflict was, not to 
 embitter the feelings of those who had faced each other in the manful 
 championship of convictions, but to draw them closer together in mutual 
 respect and esteem, and we may, with good reason, believe that the 
 compromise, ultimately arrived at, was directed by that Holy Spirit of 
 God, who is the abiding guide, disposer and arbiter of the Church of 
 Christ on earth, and whose aid had been throughout so unceasingly and 
 importunately invoked. 
 
 It was only this conviction that, when the unexpected summons to 
 such a sacred and diCScult oflSce came to me, prompted me with all hu- 
 mility and yet truthfulness, to respond to it as to a Divine call to duty. 
 
 I am thus, brethren, though a comparative stranger to you, your Bis- 
 hop ; not by my own seeking, but by your choice and, I trust, the will 
 of God ; and for the successful discharge of my duties, I have to look, 
 not to my own strength or wisdom, but to your generous constructions, 
 your loyal support, your constant prayers on my behalf, and above all 
 to the direction, the strengthening succour and the heavenly grace of the 
 Spirit of God. 
 
 The circumstances to which I owe my elevation to the government 
 of this Diocese — that it was placed in my hands voluntarily and in a 
 spirit of confidence, by an almost unanimous vote of both parties in the 
 Church, not only entitle me to expect a readiness to accord me a gener- 
 al and hearty support, but lay me under a moral obligation to adminis- 
 ter my trust, as indeed a Bishop of the Church should, and as my own 
 predispositions would compel me to do, with the strictest impartiality 
 towanls those who differ. 
 
 That there should be divergences of opinion on points of doctrine and 
 practice among those who are yet sincere eons of the Church of England 
 we must concede to be inevitable and allowable — inevitable, since it has 
 pleased God to endow the human mind with so wide a diversity in its 
 views of truth and its processes of thought ; and allowable, because the 
 authoritative standards of our Church have been wisely framed with a 
 sufficient comprehensiveness of range as to their construction to embrace 
 such diversity. 
 
 Unity is, without doubt, a ne'iessary mark of the true Church of Christ 
 — may we strive with all our hearts to attain to it ! — but I do not be- 
 lieve that to realize that unity for which He prayed and taught us to 
 pray, it is necessary that we should wait until our own visionary dream 
 of uni/oi'inUy is fulfilled. Indeed, the study of all God's works in nature 
 
 
^ir 
 
 THE LORD BISHOP OF TORONTO. 
 
 goes to demonstrate that not uniformVy but diversity is His rule — in the 
 works of man it is the latter feature that is recognised as pleasing, the 
 former is, by common consent, avoided as offensive to instinctive taste ; 
 and we feel that the truest, most complete unity is that which is attained 
 by the harmonizing of diversities into a consistent, agreeing whole. 
 
 It is fruitless for us to deny, brethren, it would be unworthy of us to 
 apologize, that there are parties in the Church. I trust we have learned 
 enough wisdom from the past frankly to accept the position ; and that 
 each party is willing honourably to concede to the other the right to 
 exist and to claim a just recognition — so long, of course, as its doctrines 
 and usages are within the legitimate limits of a fair and honest inter- 
 pretation of the formularies acknowledged by both. Constituted thus, 
 as our Church is, he could never be a true Bishop of the Church who 
 allowed himself to be the Bishop of a party. 
 
 I am compelled, of necessity, to tread upon dangerous ground ; and 
 feel the greater need that therefore is for precaution in guarding myself 
 against misconstruction. I am not advocating compromise^ which is a 
 weak and futile expedient for evading difficulties, but tolerance. I am 
 not contemplating a surrender of principles, which would be a betrayal 
 of the truth : but I do propose to myself, as the essential of a good, an 
 ideal Bishop, a heart large enough to embrace within its sympathies, and 
 » mind unbiassed enough to honour with its confidence all godly, sincere, 
 earnest Churchmen, though they may belong to different schools of 
 thought ; an impartiality that will mete out to each his due, uninflu- 
 enced by motives of party ; a tenderness in judging and gentleness of 
 dealing that is ready to make an allowance for errors that are of the head 
 only, and a firmness of hand that will hold the reins of power evenly 
 with a strict justice that is undeviating, and will steer a straight course 
 of equity and right, without fear or favour. And here, again, let me 
 not be misunderstood. I do not mean to imply that a Bishop has no 
 right to have any opinions of his own ; that his views must be colourless ; 
 that he must agree with everything and anything with a kind of latitudi- 
 narian indifferentism ; thai his mind must be emasculated of vigorous 
 Activity, and divested of all independence and individuality. 
 
 I claim that / hold views ; and views of a very distinct character — 
 views which 1 pri-'^e most highly, which are to me as the apple of the eye, 
 and which I would refuse to part with at the price of any place of dig- 
 nity in the Church. I hold most strongly the Protestant Evangelical 
 f views of our Reformed Church, as opposed to the Sacerdotal and Sac- 
 ramentarian views which are characteristic of Romanism. 
 
 There are those who have grown to be ashamed of the honest name of 
 Protestant, and think it necessary to speak quite apologetically of the 
 Reformation. But, I would ask, what existence have we as a Church 
 duly constituted with a polity of its own, with prescribed liturgy and 
 authorized standards, except through the Reformation. It is true that 
 we trace back the independent autonomy of our branch of the Church 
 Catholic, far beyond that struggle which was as the throes of a second 
 birth ; beyond its subjection to the Papal primacy ; beyond the acces- 
 sion to it of the Saxon converts of Augustine and its consequent first 
 •connexion with the See of Rome, back through the persecutions and 
 
/ 
 
 CHARGE OF 
 
 depression of the British Christians, who also had their Bishops and 
 their liturgy, to the very apostolic age. 
 
 Our Church of England dates from thence, and not from the Refor- 
 mation ; the separation from Rome was not a schism from the body, 
 but a self-emancipation from an imposed yoke, a retui*n to original in- 
 dependence ; the renunciation of the errors, the idolatries, the super- 
 stitious ceremonies of Rome was the purging of the ancient Church from 
 the accretions of defilement, through the mediajval period, that had dim- 
 med her light and sullied her purity. And therefore, although with 
 just pride we claim for our Church that she is no new Church, but the 
 oldest of Churches, cleansed, remodelled, and restored nearer to the pris- 
 tine purity and the primitive pattern of faith and practice than any 
 other Church, we cannot deny, if we would, that what we are as a 
 Church to-day was the work of the Protestant Reformers. To these 
 noble, holy and learned men, even if they were erring, who shed their 
 blood to purchase with it for us the priceless heritage of a pure faith, 
 enshrined in a form of worship that is sublime in its dignity, venerable 
 for its antiquity, and glorious with the beauty of holiness, we owe a 
 debt which we cannot over-estimate, a debt which it were the climax of 
 bafie ingratitude for us to repay, as some who call themselves Anglican 
 Churchmen have done, by casting opprobium upon their blessed memory. 
 
 The heritage they have bequeathed to us is indeed a rich one — a faith- 
 ful version of the Holy Scriptures in our own tongue, that the unlearned 
 may have free access to the words of Life, and " the Book of Common 
 Prayer, and administration of the Sacraments, and other rites and cere- 
 monies of the Church." The 39 Articles of Religion, forming a com- 
 plete summary of the Reformed Faith on the cardinal doctrines of Chris- 
 tianity and especially on those points which were matters of controversy 
 with the Church of Rome, although of somewhat inferior authority, we 
 acknowledge as the standard of reference for the Church's teaching, and 
 subscribe " in their true, literal and usual meaning, not drawing them 
 aside any way, nor putting our own sense or comment to be their mean- 
 ing, but taking them in the literal and grammatical sense." 
 
 We are all agreed in the recognition of these three great standards 
 as the tests to which we are willing that our Churchmanship should be 
 brought. The first, the Bible, if we believe in its Divine Inspiration, 
 must ever be to us the supreme, sole, final appeal in matters of faith 
 and practice of life, so that in the words of the Vlth Article, " whatso- 
 ever is not read therein, nor may be proved thereby, is not to be re- 
 quired of any man that it should be believed as an article of the Faith, 
 or be thought requisite or necessary to Salvation." 
 
 On the other hand, for our guidance in the form of public worship 
 and its ritual as prescribed by the Church of England, for her teaching 
 with regard to the Sacraments, for the meaning of the other rites and 
 ceremonies retained in her cultus, we must look to the Prayer Book as 
 the paramount authority and final arbiter. We may indeed have re- 
 course to the Articles, the Homilies, to Church History and the writ- 
 ings of the Reformers to ascertain their minds and elucidate their mean- 
 ing on obscure or controverted points, but the Prayer Book after all 
 remains the chartered code of standing orders of our Church. And 
 
THE LORD BISHOP OF TORONTO. 
 
 herein I profess my unfeigned assent and consent to its teaching as tho- 
 roughly Scriptural ; my deep love and reverence for its form of sound 
 words as those in which my fathers have found spiritual comfort in wor- 
 shipping for 300 years ; and my unswerving allegiance to its authority 
 as the exponent of the Reformers' doctrine. I claim that, in avowing 
 myself a Prayer Book Churchman, I vindicate my title to be held a Pro- 
 testant Churchman j for the Prayer Book is, as I regard it, the very 
 bulwark of Protestant principles. 
 
 I have laid claim to the further character of being an Evangelical 
 Churchman. It is much to be regretted that so unexceptional a defini- 
 tion should have been narrowed down to the designation of a party. 
 I hold that the chief glory, the very raison d'etre of the Reformed 
 Church of England is that she is an Evange^.'cal Church. The very 
 purpose of her purgation from Romish traditions was that she might 
 be the depositary and dispenser of the pure, unadulterated Gospel of 
 Christ. It is the accord of her teaching, her formularies, her rites, her 
 Prayer Book with that Gospel as revealed in Holy Scripture that con- 
 stitutes their claim upon our acceptance. I know of no duty which our 
 Church lays upon her ordained ministers paramount to that of fulfilling 
 her Lord's commission, to preach the Gospel to every creature, of none 
 she enjoins upon her children other than in all things to obey the Gos- 
 pel of Christ their Saviour. 
 
 It shall be my one aim in all my ministrations, as it has been in the 
 past, to know nothing in my preaching but Jesus Christ and Him cruci- 
 fied, to set forth sacraments, ordinances, creeds and ceremonies, not in 
 the place of the Gospel, but as means to bring men nearer to Christ 
 and Christ nearer to men. This is what I understand by being an Eva7i- 
 gelical Churchman, to be thoroughly loyal to the Church from a convic- 
 tion that she is based upon the Gospel as her authority, pervaded by 
 the Gospel as her spirit and conformed to the Gospel in her teaching. 
 
 There is a party term which we have heard too often of late. I ut- 
 terly repudiate it as offensive. I regard it and its opposite as calculated 
 to rouse bitterness and strife. While glorying in the name of Evan- 
 gelical Churchman, in the true sense which I have attempted to define, 
 I should resent it as opprobious to be stigmatized a Low Churchman. 
 A sound Conservative Churchman, conservative of the Evangelical doc- 
 trine and Apostolic Order as they have been bequeathed us by the Re- 
 formers, is what I aim to be, for I am one of those who are satisfied 
 with what the Reformers have done, regretting nothing which they have 
 abolished ; and not wishing to see anything abolished which they have 
 thought worthy to be retained. The attempt to reform our Reformed 
 Church which we have witnessed, with its miserable fruits of dissension 
 and schism begetting multiplied schisms, should be a wholesome warn- 
 ing to those who are not satisfied that the Church of England is Pro- 
 testant enough. But in the name of peace and Christian Charity, let 
 us agree to forswear the use of invidious party names, and cease to cast 
 in each others' teeth the reproach of " High Church," and " Low 
 Church/' till from disuse these by-words become forgotten, obsolete 
 among us, and we know one another only as fellow-members of the 
 SAme beloved Church. 
 
fi 
 
 ^ 
 
 i 
 
 8 
 
 CHARGE OF 
 
 If any apology is needed from me for trespassing at such length upon 
 your time and in such plain simplicity of language, with what may be 
 called my Declaration of Faith, I find it in the present condition of our 
 Church in this Diocese, which must be to all of us matter of deep dis- 
 tress and concern. It is useless for us, through feelings of false delicacy, 
 to attempt to conceal from ourselves the fact that there are a large 
 number of oui country missions in which the Church is dying out, and 
 that there has been a holding back of the means which are necessary to 
 the support and extension of our missions, and that both these symptoms 
 of declining prosperity are, to a large extent, attributable to a want of 
 sympathy and confidence on the part of the laity in the teaching of the 
 clergy. I fully recognise that, in the administration of the Diocese, the 
 task to which I have to address myself is to endeavour to restore this 
 lost confidence. Without it, it is impossible that we can regain a state 
 of strength, vitality and progress. 
 
 There can be no question in the mind of any one acquainted with the 
 religious aspect of the country, that the heart of the great bulk of our 
 laity is staunchly, jealously, Protestant. I thank God for it And in 
 the endeavour to fulfil the difiicult task that lies before me, my first and 
 most earnest efforts will be directed to supply the missioijs of the 
 Diocese with clergymen of sound Protestant views. 
 
 In my dealings with those of my clergy who are not of this school, 
 but whose views and practices, though distasteful to extreme Protestants, 
 are yet within the allowed limits of the Church's standards, I trust I 
 shall ever prove myself, as I have professed, absolutely impartial. They 
 will find that I can work cordially with them, that their zeal and sincere 
 devotion to the cause of Christ and His Church and the salvation of souls 
 I can unfeignedly honour and respect. 
 
 But should these limits be, in any case, so far overstepped as to violate 
 the laws of the Church and bring scandal upon her by unprotestantizing 
 her character, and cause offence and distress to the flock of Christ com- 
 mitted to our charge, then, in acc" '.ance with my consecration vows, 
 which bind me so solemnly to the unflinching execution of my high 
 Office, I shall be " ready, with all faithful diligence, to banish and drive 
 away all erroneous and strange doctrine contrary to God's Word." 
 
 Among such erroneous and strange doctrines, which have unhappily 
 found their way into our Church, but are wholly foreign to her teaching, 
 are notably those of Habitual Confession and Beal Presence of the body 
 and blood of Christ in the consecrated elements. On the first of these 
 the Bishops of our Church have pronounced with a consensus of unqual- 
 ified condemnation. The very limited time at my disposal forbids my 
 entering at any length upon this or any other of the important ques- 
 tions which agitate the Church. I would say, briefly, that the claim 
 which has been put forward by some Presbyters to a right to demand 
 and receive the confession of penitents before giving them absolution, 
 indicates and would seem to spring from exaggerated views of priestly 
 authority which are alien to the whole spirit of our Church's tesushing, 
 have no warrant whatsoever in the Word of God, and are justly regarded 
 by Protestants as the reproach of the Church of Rome. 
 The instructions given in our Prayer Book to the clergy, as to receiv- 
 
 in 
 
I 
 
 THE LORD BISHOP OF TOBONTO. 3 
 
 ing voluntary confessions, are very slight, Tho Archbishop of Canter- 
 bury, in his primary charge as Bishop of London, remarks, " The silence 
 of the Church of England formularies as compared with the fulness of 
 the Church of Rome in treating of systematic confession, is itself, to my 
 mind, an irrefragable argument to show that the mind of our Church is 
 quite against the practice." 
 
 The progress of our Reformers' views on this subject may be traced 
 by comparing the Second Prayer Book of King Edward VI. in 1552 
 with the First Book of 1549. The Rubric in the Visitation for the Sick 
 in the First Book stood thus : " Here shall the sick person make a 
 special confession, if he feels his conscience troubled with any weighty 
 matter. After which confession, the Priest shall absolve him after this 
 form : and the same fmm of absolution shall he used in all private confess- 
 ions." In the Second Book this last clause " the same form of absolu- 
 lution shall be used in all private coniu- ons," was expunged ; thus 
 clearly taking away the authority for using ■ form of private confession. 
 Again, at the same revision, in the Comm mion Office, the passage was 
 struck out from the address to the en munirants, '* lequiring such as 
 shall be satisfied with a general confession not be offended with them 
 t,iiav. do use to their further satisf}ing the au; rcular and secret confession 
 to the Priest." Here is another unmibt.dk. ible mdication of the inten- 
 tion of our Reformers to abolish privr\te confession from the Church's 
 system. Not to exhaust your patience by reading lengthy extracts, I 
 would refer you to the second part of the Sermon on Reper^r.^ice, in the 
 second Book of Homilies, particularly the passage headed " Answer to 
 the adversaries, which maintain auricular confession,' for the arguments 
 from Scripture, put forth by authority ; and to the 16th section of chap- 
 ter 4, in the VI. Book of Hooker's Ecclesiastical Polity, for the summary 
 of the question by a divine of great weight who, throughout this and the 
 €th chapter, speaks very highly of the powwr of the clergy in the matter 
 of absolution. After quoting St. Chrysostom's adverse judgment ou 
 private confession, " when the offence doth stand only between God and 
 man's conscience," all that he concedes, in conclusion is, " if peace with 
 God do not follow the pains we have taken in seeking after it, if wo 
 continue disquieted and not delivered from anguish, mistrusting whether 
 that we do be sufficient ; it argueth that our sore doth exceed the power 
 of our own skill, and that the wisdom of the pastor roust bind up those 
 parts, which being bruised are not able to b« recured of themselves." 
 
 The three passages in the Book of Common Prayer which bear upon 
 this subject are : — Ist, The Exhortation which calls upon us to confess 
 our manifold sins and wickedness, with a humble, lowly, penitent and 
 obedient heart ; and that, no only at all times in humble acknowledg- 
 ment before God, but most chiefly in our daily assembling together in 
 public, before we receive comfort from hearing the declaration, which the 
 minister is authorised to pronounce, of God's willingness to pardon and 
 absolve all them that truly repent and unfeignedly believe His Holy 
 Oospel. 2nd, The invitation which concludes the first form of warning 
 for the celebration of the Holy Communion, ** Because it is requisite 
 that no man should come to the Holy Communion but with a full trust 
 in G^d's mercy, and with a quiet conscience ; therefore if there be any 
 
i4 
 
 10 
 
 CHARGE OF 
 
 of you, who by this means {L e., confession to God, repentance and res- 
 titution) cannot qui'it his own conscience herein, but requireth further 
 comfort or counsel, iet him come to me, or to some other discreet and 
 learned minister of God's Word, and open his grief, that by the minis- 
 try of God's Holy Word he may receive the benefit of absolution, to- 
 gether with ghostly counsel and advice, to the quieting of his con- 
 science, and avoiding of all scruple and doubtfulness." The 3rd passage 
 I have already quoted from the Order for the Visitation of the Sick, 
 wherein the pastor is directed to move the sick person to make a special 
 confession of his sins, if he feel his conscience troubled with any weighty 
 matter, '* that if he seems truly penitent he may have the consolation of 
 hearing from his pastor's lips before he dies that God of His great 
 mercy in Jesus Christ is ready to pardon him." 
 
 The first of these passages, enjoining the confession of sins publicly 
 before the congregation gives no countenance whatever to the practice 
 of the confessional, and as to the other two, it is sufficient to point out 
 that they plainly, in their honest interpretation, have reference sole|y 
 to the ordinary pastoral intercourse of the clergyman with his people. 
 This intercourse should be of the most sacred character, dealing with 
 the spiritual condition of those entrusted to his care, as well the sick as 
 the whole, as need shall require and occasion shall be given. It is to be^ 
 feared that we are not generally faithful enough to our duty and our op- 
 portunities in this respect ; a good deal of plain speaking, admonition, 
 remonstrance, searching into the state of the heart, is, no doubt, neces- 
 sary on the pastor's part, if he would lead his people individually to re- 
 pentance and the seeking of God's pardoning mercy ; but this is a very 
 diffarent thing from what some have attempted to introduce into our 
 system as habitual confession to the priest. I will not dwell upon tho 
 moral and social aspect of this question ; the terrible scandals, the in- 
 jury to morality, the mischief in families which have resulted from 
 this practice as carried to its ultimate issues in the Church of Rome, 
 and have made the very name of the confessional to be indignantly 
 spurned and loathed by every pure minded, independent man ; what I 
 insist upon is that it is an outrage to the reformed principles of our 
 Church, a practice that cannot be tolerated with any sanction from her 
 authority. I close this subject with another quotation from the charge 
 of Bishop Tait in 1858 : " If," he says, " any clergyman so preaches 
 to his people as to lead them to suppose that the proper and autho- 
 rised way of a sinner's reconciliation with God is through confession to a 
 priest, and by receiving priestly absolution — if he leads them to believe 
 that as the Greek Church has erred by neglecting preaching, and the 
 Church of Rome by not encouraging the reading of the Scriptures, so 
 our Church has hitherto been much to blame for not leading her people 
 more habitually to private, auricular confession — if he thus stirs up the 
 imagination of ardent and confiding spirits to have recourse to him as a 
 mediator between their soiils and God, and when they come to seek his 
 aid, receives them with all the elaborate preparation which is so likely 
 unduly to excite their feelings, and for whicn there is no authority in 
 tho Church's rule of worship — taking them into the vestry of his churchy 
 securing the door, putting on the sacred vestments, causing them to 
 
 kne 
 stri 
 his 
 
 ^t 
 
THE LOUD BISHOP OF TORONTO. 
 
 11 
 
 SO 
 
 kneel before the cross, to address him as their ghostly father, asking a 
 string of questions as to sins of deed, word and thought, and imposing 
 his penance before he confers absolution — then the man who thus acts 
 — or even if some of these particular circumstances are wanting — of 
 whose general practice this is no exaggerated picture, is, in my judgment, 
 unfaithful to the whole spirit of the Church of which he is a' member." 
 
 With regard to the other " strange and erroneous doctrine," which I 
 have here instanced — that of the Real Presence — we cannot but remem- 
 ber that in its extremest form, as Transubstantiation, it formed tlie chief 
 point of issue with the Church of Rome, the centre around which the 
 strife raged the fiercest, the crucial test which cost many faithful and 
 true men their lives. Probably no member of the Church of Eng- 
 land, however extreme in Sacramentarian views, holds this doctrine in 
 its full import, and undisguised repugnance ; no Anglican priest would 
 venture to assert it openly, in defiance of Article' XXVIII., which de- 
 clares " The body of Christ is given, taken and eaten, in the Supper, 
 only after an heavenly and spiritual manner. And the mean whereby 
 the body of Christ is received and eaten in the Supper is Faith." But 
 there is a manner of speaking of the mystery of the spiritual presence 
 of Christ, in and under the outward symbols, and of the effects which 
 follow the act of consecration, which tends to inculcate views of the 
 Holy Sacrament, very closely approaching those which this Article 
 strongly condemns. For example, in the Manual of the Confraternity 
 of the Blessed Sacrament, I find such language as this, " O my beloved 
 Lord and Saviour, Jesus Christ, I firmly believe, because Thou hast 
 said, ' This is My Body : This is My Blood,' tiiat in this blessed Sacra- 
 ment Thou art truly present, Thy Divinity and Thy Humanity, with all 
 the treasures of Thy merits and Thy grace ; that Thou art Thyself mys- 
 tically oflfered for us in this Holy oblation ; and dost through Thy Own 
 Presence communicate the virtues of Thy most precious Death and 
 Passion to all Thy Faithful, living and departed." And again, *' I adore 
 Thee, Lord my God, Whom I now behold, veiled beneath these 
 earthly forms. Prostrate I adore Thy Majesty." In the *' liitany of 
 our Lord present in the Holy Eucharist " in the same Manual, amongst 
 many like allusions to a corporeal presence, occurs this Suffrage, which 
 seems to symbolize with the heresy of the Sacrifice of the Mass, '* That 
 by this adorable Sacrifice we may acknowledge our perpetual depen- 
 dence upon Thee ; " and again in the " Litany of Reparation," " Sa- 
 cred Victim, consumed on the altar by us and for us ; have mercy upon 
 us." Once more, in the " OflBce for Spiritual Communion," the direc- 
 tion is given, ** Here meditate devoutly on the Passion and Death of 
 Jesus Christ ; or on the Heal Presence of His Sacred Body and Blood 
 in the Holy Eucharist, or on the Holy Sacrifice of Himself therein con- 
 tinually offered before the Father." It is, of course, possible, by the 
 ex'^rcise of an extreme charity, to believe that persons who hold such 
 language may persuade themselves, by some ingenuity of reasoning, that 
 they mean nothing more than is taught by our Church ; but it seems to 
 me that no plain, simple folk could understand from it anything else 
 than the assertion of the Bodily Presence of the Crucified Christ, in the 
 oonsecrated bread and wine, and of the repetition in every act of Goni'- 
 
^ 
 
 in 
 
 CHARGE OF 
 
 munion of that atoning Sacrifice of Himself, which Scripture tells us 
 was made once for all. 
 
 So utterly subversive of the Protestant doctrine of our Church on a 
 matter of vital importance do I consider such teaching, that I will never 
 knowingly grant my licence to officiate in this Diocese to any Clergyman 
 who is a member of this Confraternity — or conspiracy, as it has been 
 called, to un,^ ermine our Reformed Faith. And I earnestly hope that in 
 preaching or teaching concerning the Sacrament of the Lord's Supper our 
 Clergy will carefully guard against all such language as may give colour 
 to a belief that is so repugnant to the spirit and teaching of the Church. 
 
 But it is not teaching only that may suggest this doctrine of the Real 
 Presence : — there is a serious danger of leading unstable minds into the 
 same error, by the practices, the attitudes and gestures which have been 
 introduced into the act of Communion. Those who, no doubt from a 
 sense of deep reverence, have adopted the practices I refer to, verge 
 very closely upon the violation of the last clause of the article already 
 quoted ; " The Sacrament of the Lord's Supper was not by Christ's 
 ordinance reserved, carried about, lifted up or worshipped." The conse- 
 cration of the elements with the celebrant's back turned to the people 
 so that they are unable to see what is done, the elevation of the conse- 
 crated bread above his head, the prostration of the communicant be- 
 fore the Holy Table, the receiving of the elements with every manifes- 
 tation of a profound obeisance to them as possessing an imparted virtue 
 by the act of consecration, and non-communicating attendance — all these 
 practices, neither enjoined in nor deducible from the Rubrics, have the 
 semblance of a superstitious adoration of the sacred symbols. They may 
 be innocent in intent, but their danger is lest they lead on the worship- 
 per from step to step to the fatal error of believing that, by virtue of 
 the priest's act, the very Body and Blood of Christ are offered up afresh 
 on the altar, an ott repeated sacrifice for sin. 
 
 You will remember how careful the Church has been to guard the 
 reverential posture she enjoins on recipients against this misconstruction. 
 At the first revision of the Prayer Book in 1552, the Royal Council 
 added a declaration concerning kneeling at the communion which, having 
 been omitted since the reign of Elizabeth, was again subjoined, with 
 certain modifications, in its present form, at the last revision in 1661. 
 " It is hereby declared, That hereby no adoration is intended, or ought 
 to be done, either unto the Sacramental Bread or Wine there bodily re- 
 ceived, or unto any Corporal Presence of Christ's natural Flesh and 
 Blood. For the Sacramental Bread and Wine remain still in their very 
 natural substance, and therefore may not be adored for that were Idol- 
 atry, to be adhorred of all faithful Christians." 
 
 By all means let us inculcate mon our Communicants, both in precept 
 and by example, the utmost devotion of heart and reverence of de- 
 meanour in approaching these Holy mysteries, in drawing nearer to the 
 Spiritual presence of our adorable Saviour than in any other ordinance; 
 but, as we love the truth, let us shun everything that savours of or con- 
 duces to superstition. 
 
 I could have wished, had space permitted, to address you fully on the 
 subject of Ritualism. For the present but a few words will suffice. 
 
 « 
 
THE LORD BISHOP OF TORONTO. 
 
 IS 
 
 Our Church is distinguished above other reformed Qhurches in possess- 
 ing a Ritual which is essentially grand, decorous and beautiful, and has 
 throughout her history, not thought it unworthy to call in to her aid 
 the handmaid arts of music, architecture, and decoration, to render her 
 services of prayer and praise, at once promotive of devotional feeling in. 
 the worshipper and becoming the glory and majesty of Him worshipped. 
 For my part I should grieve to see our beautiful Liturgy robbed of all 
 that makes it impressive, as the service of the Sanctuary, and reduced to 
 the barren coldness of a cheerles"?, puritan worship. 
 
 A comely, well-appointed House of Prayer, with all the furniture and 
 vessels for the use of God's service, designed with taste and kept in 
 scrupulous cleanliness and order, good music of a Church character and 
 a hearty responsive Service, I believe to be not only calculated to attract 
 worshippers but profitable to interest their hearts in the worship. In 
 all these matters the rule should be, " that which is good for the use of 
 edifying." The one only plea for the improving of ritual, must be the 
 promoting of reality, earnestness and spirituality in worship. And of our 
 reformed Church, as contrasted with idolatrous Rome, the character of 
 her ritual should be dignity, genuineness and beauty of simplicity, as 
 opposed to the frivolous, tawdry tinsel of outward pomp and pageants 
 Simplicity should be the glory of all our services, simplicity that is the 
 natural expression of sincerity — not that bald and dull simplicity which 
 is begotten of indifference and slovenliness. But unhappily, some, in 
 their fondness for the externals of religion, or their leanings to sym- 
 bolism and SBsthetic modes of worship, or their excessive zeal for cere- 
 monial, have far exceeded this rule of simplicity, and by tiieir intro- 
 duction of excessive decorations, lioral and symbolic, continual bowings 
 and genuflexions, candles lighted in broad day, peculiar shaped vest- 
 ments and many coloured stoles, and otherwise what has been called 
 " the mimicry of the outside of Rome," have given serious offence to the 
 sober common-sense of their people, and aroused suspicions in them that 
 something dangerous lurks behind. Indeed, while these practices find 
 favour with a few of extreme ecclesiastical tastes, it cannot be concealed 
 that they have been the means of alienating the affections of great 
 numbers of the plain, simple people from the Church, and driving them 
 into schism, to join themselves to dissenting communions. " Why," it 
 has been asked, "should any clergyman wish to make his church such 
 that a common man, placed suddenly within, would not be able to say 
 whether lie was in a Church of England or a Romish place of worship 1 " 
 
 Our Church has provided in her rubrics a ritual which gives ample 
 Bcope for a solemn, beautiful, chaste and hearty service ; the vestments 
 sanctioned by long presumptive usage, the decent white surplice with 
 sleeves, the black stole and hood belonging to the degree furnish a 
 priestly garment autficiently expressive of the holiness of the office and 
 of a simple dignity and comeliness to satisfy the purest taste ; the music 
 that has been created l)y the Church of England through 3()() years, and 
 is the exponent of the genius of her service, oilers a repertoire extensive 
 and varied enough to supply the demands of the most cultivated and 
 critical tas*^e, and possesseH compositions of sacred and solemn be» uty 
 that have astly made themselves dear to the hearts as well as the ears- 
 
u 
 
 CHARGE OF 
 
 of Church-going people ; and all these may be legitimately made the most 
 of to render the service a real help to the soul's spiritual emotions. 
 Everything beyond these must be regarded in the light of an innovation 
 and innovations in ritual and worship it is my duty to set my faoe 
 against, and, as far as my authority extends, to check and resist. 
 
 With regard to church decorations, which may be innocuous in them- 
 «elves, I must earnestly warn my younger brethren of the clergy especi- 
 ally, against pushing them to dangerous extremes. To take one fami- 
 iiar example, the emblem of the cross, which is unquestionably the most 
 ancient and appropriate of Christian devices, — suppose that the use of 
 it is the cause of offence to a weak member of your flock. What is your 
 duty as a Christian man and a pastor of the flock 1 to insist upon the 
 ornament as unoffenaive and retain it to gratify your taste and so alie- 
 nate your brother or wound his weak conscience, or to yield your pre- 
 dilections to his scruples 1 You admit that no principle is involved ; no 
 law of the Church or precept of the Gospel enjoins that crosses should 
 be set up over the holy-table or on the walls ; and surely the spirit of 
 tender charity that was the rule of the large-hearted Apostle will prompt 
 you to decide, " I will set up no cross while I live, lest I make my 
 brother to oflend." 
 
 This leads me to ofli'er one thought which should tend to soften the 
 animosity of such diff'erences, before I leave this subject. I am con- 
 vinced that a large part of the suspicions and objections entertained by 
 many of our excellent Christian laymen against the teaching and practices 
 of their clergy is attributable to the want of understauding, (may I ven 
 ture to say ignorance) on their part, of the formularies of the Church and 
 the definitions and literature of theology. The recollection of this should 
 have a twofold effect on the clergy : to make them tender towards the 
 scruples and difficulties of their people, and diligent to instruct them 
 more fully and accurately ; and on the laity to make them more patient 
 towards anything they cannot quite reconcile in their pastor's teaching 
 and less hasty to conclude unfavourably until they are better informed. 
 And to all of us as Churchmen, in our differing views on church mat- 
 tors, it should be the less surprise to us that we cannot see eye to eye, 
 the less cause for suspicion one of another and alienation one from an- 
 other to know that even among our most eminent Divines of the i6th 
 and 17th centuries to whom wo are accustomed to look as authorities on 
 contested poilits, the same and quite equal difference of view exists. 
 And yet we can accord to them all our loving, grateful esteem as learned, 
 pious and faithful teachers — the nursing fathers of the Church. 
 
 A conviction is very strong upon my mind that much mischief has 
 been unconsciously done by our clergy, by the injudicious use of lan- 
 guage iv. their teaching which is not understood by their people and is 
 therefore regarded by them with suspicion— by what t may call the af- 
 fectation of an ecclesiastical terminology. I would advocate most strenu- 
 ously a strict adherence to such words and phrases only as are sanctioned 
 by the usage of the Holy Scriptures and the Book of Common Prayer, 
 and through them have Ix'come familiar and dear to the ears of our peo- 
 ple. For I feel quite sure that many a statement which sounds most 
 alarming and formidable, quite Romish, when drest in unfamiliar ecclesi- 
 
 '•m 
 
THE LORD BISHOP OF TORONTO. 
 
 15 
 
 .-astical phraseology, if translated into the vernacular of the Prayer 
 Book, or the inimitable pure Saxon of the Bible, would prove to be 
 perfectly harmless. Above all things let us avoid increasing the mutual 
 suspicions that have unhappily alienated us as Churchmen one from an- 
 other, by the fatuous mistake of continuing to misunderstand one an 
 other. A little candid explanation, in the medium of a mutually re- 
 ceived mode of expression, would go a great way towards bringing 
 about a harmony of views and action. 
 
 I turn from these general topics to glance at one or two matters con- 
 nected more immediately with the concerns of our Diocese. 
 
 Six weeks have net elapsed since my Consecration ; and, therefore, 
 the account which I have to render of my Episcopal acts is necessarily 
 .slight, the knowledge I have acquired of the condition and needs of the 
 IXocese but meagre. 
 
 CONSECRATION. 
 
 The first day of last month, the Feast of St. Philip and St. James, 
 was one to be remembered by me, as a most solemn and sacred one, 
 throughout my life ; for 1 was then set apart for the Holy Office of a 
 Bishop in the Church of God. Tlie IlighL Rev. the Bishop of Quebec 
 as Consecrator, and the Right Rev. the Bishops of Huron and Algoma 
 as presenters — the Bishops of Niagara and Montreal assisting in the lay- 
 ing on of hands. The Sermon was preached by my oldest friend in 
 Canada, who was the instrument of bringing me out to this country, 
 and to whom I am indebted for the most unvarying kindness and con- 
 stant friendship — his relations towards me having been those of a father 
 to a son — the Lord Bishop of Huron. I pray that I may have grace 
 given me to fulfil the vows which I then undertook, and to devote ray 
 fife and all my powers to the sole object q1' faithfully executing the 
 charge committed to me. 
 
 OBITUARY. 
 
 I cannot record my elevation to fill this important See without pay- 
 ing a tribute of respect and reverence to the memory of the godly and 
 ■amiable j)relate whom I am called to succeed. Alexander Neil Bethune 
 will be affectionately remembered in the Church of Canada as one of 
 those earlier pioneers who having entered upon her missionary work in 
 the arduous days of her struggling infancy, and having borne the bur- 
 den a. id heat of the day in a long service through times when the field 
 was large, the duties laborious and the labourers few, lived to see the 
 vast area subdivided, churches plentifully scattered over a well- populated 
 land, and clergy multiplied tenfold, and to become himself the head of 
 a great and prosperous Diocese ; thus forming a link between the ac- 
 complished results of to-day when the Province of Ontario has five 
 Bishops and upwards of 400 clergy, and the small beginnings of fifty- 
 six yeafs ago, when the one Diocese of Quebec embraced the whole of 
 Upper and Lower Canada, and what is now the Diocese of Toronto was 
 served by eight or ten clergymen. 
 
 Himself a favourite pupil of that great man, the first Bishop of To- 
 ronto, who by the indomitable energy of his character placed the Church 
 lie loved so well and for which he fouglit so courageously upon a firm 
 
16 
 
 CHARGE OF 
 
 footing and in his famous school at Cornwall, imparted of his own noble 
 . spirit and high qualities to so many who have since filled positions of 
 honour and distinction in the Province, Dr. Bethune, too, as Principal 
 of the Theological College at Cobourg, has left the impress of his 
 scholarly mind, his ample attainments as a theologian and his sincere 
 piety upon many of our most respected and useful clergy. For forty 
 years he ministered to his Cobourg parishioners, an example of con- 
 stancy to his post, which might well rebuke the restless desire for 
 change that marks the later generation of missionaries ; and, although 
 well advanced in years when he succeeded his old instructor in the See 
 of Toronto, he was spared to occupy it for the considerable term of 
 twelve years. As a Bishop he was conscientious, diligent and faithful, 
 not sparing himself, but tender and conciliating towards others ; as a 
 man he was characterized by that gentleness and amiability of disposi- 
 tion which is begotten of a sincere piety of mind. It was not possible 
 that such a man should have an enemy. He passed away in the fulness 
 of years, beloved of all, leaving behind him the memory of prolonged 
 and faithful service in the Church of Christ, the fragrance of a saintly 
 life and the unspotted name of a courteous, Christian gentleman. 
 
 Since the last annual meeting of this Synod, the Diocese has sustained 
 the loss of two of its active clergy. The Rev. Stephen Lett, LL.D., the 
 Rector of CoUingwood, was called to his rest, after a lengthened term 
 of service in important positions in the Church. His name will be had 
 in special honour in this city, in connection with the Protestant 
 Orphan's Home, in the establishment of which admirable institution 
 he laboured so lovingly and strenuously during his incumbency of the 
 Rectory of St. George's Church. 
 
 The Rev. W. F. Checkley was taken from his work in the prime of 
 life and at a time when his services were most appreciated and pro- 
 mised to be most valuable, in his charge of the important congregation 
 0^' St. Paul's in this city. An excellent scholar, a thoughtful preacher, 
 a diligent pastor and a blameless gentleman, his unexpected loss was 
 deeply felt by those who were only beginning to «^stimate his labours at 
 their full worth. 
 
 ( , fHi . EPISCOPAL ACTS. ,,, . ... ... , ,, 
 
 During the short period of my episcopate, I have held one ordination 
 — on Sunday last, being Trinity Sunday — in St. James' Cathedral, when 
 one candidate was ordained deacon and two advanced to the priesthood. 
 
 I have also held four confirmations in this city, in which the aggre- 
 gate number confirmed was 140. I have preached ten sermons, delivered 
 several addresses and administered the Holy Communion^fivo times. 
 
 MISSION FUND. 
 
 I will not forestall, in saying a few words on this subject, the care- 
 fully prepared and exhauL.live report of the Mission Board which will be 
 presented for your adoption. But 1 wish to declare my intention of 
 making the mission work of the Diocese the object of my chief solici- 
 tude and most unremitting care. It is a matter of cheerin)^ encourage- 
 ment and deep thankfulness to God that affcor the period of embarrass- 
 ment and depression through which this Fund has passed, it is now 
 
THE LORD BISHOP OF TORONTO. 
 
 practically relieved of the burden of debt ; and a season of brighter hopes 
 has dawned upon our work, through the generous liberality which has 
 been provoked among the members of our Church by the munificent ex- 
 ample of two brothers, who, under the name of '* fratres," offered a gift 
 of $1,000 towards liquidating the debt, on condition of the remaining 
 $3,000 being contributed within a specified time. This sum has been 
 subscribed, and we shall enter upon the work of another year freed from 
 the dead weight which encumbered the Fund. In addition to this, by 
 the efforts of a few earnest friends of the Church, an annual subscription 
 list to the Mission Fund has been raised in Toronto, amounting to nearly 
 $2,500, forming a guaranteed income to that sum, which will be a source 
 of strength to the Committee's hands. The very fact that this amount 
 has been raised from comparatively few subscribers, proves how much 
 might be done if Churchmen generally, throughout the Diocese, would 
 give their systematic support to this most important work of Church 
 extension, 
 
 I do earnestly trust that such an agreement may be arrived at amongst 
 us as fellow labourers in the same great cause of extending the kingdom 
 of our Lord and Saviour Jesus Christ, and bringing in souls to His 
 Cliurch of such as shall be saved, that tiiere may be one common fund for 
 the support of the Diocesan Missions, into the augmentation of which every 
 member of the Church will throw his heartiest, undivided, utmost efforts. 
 
 I must here recognise the worthy labours of those ladies who have 
 formed themselves into the " Churchwomen's Mission Aid Society." By 
 such an organization mu-^h help may be rendered to our work of a kind 
 that could not be undertaken by our existing machinery, and not least 
 the collecting in of those small but, in the aggregate, most valuable 
 contributions, w hich can only be given in weekly or monthly instalments 
 by the least wealthy of our people. I trust that this society may have 
 branches established in all our parishes, and that it may become, as in 
 the sister Church of the United States, a recognised auxiliary of our 
 Diocesan Board of Missions. , 
 
 "',iV, 
 
 ALGOMA MISSIONS. 
 
 We have great cause to regret, and with humiliation to confess, a luke- 
 warmness of interest, a falling off from our first zeal, in behalf of this our 
 own adopted daugbt^^r diocese. The Bishops of the ecclesiastical Prov- 
 ince have put forth an appeal to stir up the churches to a remembrance 
 of their duty in this respect. The annual collection on Intercession Day 
 is not a sufficient discharge of it ; we want more than an intermittent 
 excitement of our interest on(?e a year. I trust that some system may 
 be adopted, whether of monthly envelopes in the offertory or biennial 
 sermons or otherwise, to keep alive a constant sense of our obligations 
 and to furnish an adecjuate contribution of money, worthy of the capa- 
 bilities of this favoured diocese and of our love for the cause of our Mas- 
 ter and His Church. 
 
 FOREIGN MISSIONS. 
 
 It is also to bo greatly regretted that this English Church of ours in 
 Canada, whose loved and venerable mother leads the van in the glorious 
 missionary enterprises of the world, should stnad probably alone in hav- 
 2 
 
1 1. 
 
 CHARGE OP 
 
 ing no Foreign Mission field of its own — that our Diocese of Toronto does 
 absolutely nothing even to send help to the great Missionary Societies. 
 
 1 shall hail with joy, as the commencement of a new era of life and 
 prosperity and blessing at home, the day when we awake to the duty of 
 fulfilling our Lord's great missionary command and look up and lift up 
 our eyes on the withering fields of the harvest abroad. 
 
 In the meantime a great step towards hastening this wished for day 
 might be taken, by the adoption of some systematic scheme for diffusing 
 among our Church people missionary intelligence, both by means of peri- 
 odical meetings and by the regular circulation of the reports and occa- 
 sional papers of the societies. For this end I would gladly see the estab- 
 lishment of a working Standing Committee on Foreign Missions. 
 
 SUNDAY SCHOOLS. 
 
 Deeply convinced of the inestimable value of this institution as a nur- 
 sery and recruiting ground of the Church, I trust that some well-devised 
 scheme may be matured for improving the efficiency of our Sunday 
 Schools, by supplying :neans of self and mutual training for the teachers 
 and furnishing the most approved material in the way of registers, class 
 books, conduct cards, &c., at a low cost. I would throw out the sugges- 
 tion that this might be best accomplished by thoroughly working a 
 Diocesan branch of the excellent " Church of England Sunday School 
 Institute." 
 
 ADMINISTRATIVE MACHINERY. ^ ' 
 
 It appears to have been felt for some time that the existing system 
 adopted in this Diocese, of numerous and large committees for the 
 management of the various departments of the Synod work, is unneces- 
 sarily expensive, cumbrous and exclusive in its operation. With this 
 impression, a canon was'ipassed at the last annual session, and awaits 
 confirmation at this, providing for a reduction in the number both o£ 
 the committees and of the members composing them. But this canon 
 makes no I'eference to the financial question (an important one when we 
 consider that it costs from four to five hundred dollars per annum 
 merely to pay the travelling expenses of the members of committees), 
 nor does it touch upon such questions as the mode of appointing these 
 committees 
 
 It would much aid me in the business portions of the necessarily ar- 
 duous duties of my office and greatly facilitate the working of the dio- 
 cese, if the Synod machinery were simplified, as much as possible, by 
 being made more flexible and systematic. I feel, too, that if the Presi- 
 dent is to be responsible for, as he will be held to be, and intimately 
 cognizant, as he ought to be, of all that is transacted under the autho- 
 rity of the Synod, he should have the opportunity of at least acquaint- 
 ing himself with what is done in committee. . I should be glad if the 
 present Synod should see fit to appoint a select committee to consider 
 this whole subject, and report at the next session. 
 
 And now, brethren, we are About to take counsel together on import- 
 ant matters affecting the welfare of our beloved Church. It is a sub- 
 ject of congratulation to me that I am called to preside over a body of 
 gentlemen combining social position, Church training, Christian prin- 
 
THE LORD BISHOP OF TORONTO. 
 
 19 
 
 ciples, high intelligence and distinguished cultivated abilities, to a 
 greater extent than any deliberative or legislative body in the country. 
 I am encouraged to expect from this knowledge of the qualities which 
 you possess, that all our deliberations will be characterized by that 
 calmness, dignity and fairness which belong to seriously conducted de- 
 bate and weighty subjects. But still further, I cherish the belief that 
 we all come together here animated by one ruling object — not to seek 
 party ends or gratify personal motives — but to sink ail that in the 
 higher purpose of serving our one loved and common Lord, of advanc- 
 ing His cause and promoting His glory by making His Church more 
 
 ^^ efficient for the salvation of men. 
 
 flp We have a noble, more blessed warfare to wage than settling internal 
 dissensions about the minor, less vital matters in which as Churchmen 
 we may differ, the warfare to which as Christians we were baptized, as 
 good soldiers of the Cross, under the Captain of our Salvation, against 
 His foes and ours. When the Church which we all love better than 
 our church theories is in danger, from active, proselytizing bodies with- 
 out ; when the truth, which is dearer to us than life, is assailed by open 
 and insidious infidelity, undermining us in our very congregations, steal- 
 ing its way into our families as well as boldy asserting itself through 
 the press ; when the world is a more powerfiU sedtlcer of our tender 
 flocks than ever, with its multiplied forms of pleasurable temptation ; 
 when sin stalks abroad with unblushing front, and challenges the very 
 principle of purity and holiness to God which we are endeavouring to 
 instil, indeed it is no time for us to be wasting our energies in fighting 
 the shadows which we have cast by our own forms. 
 
 may the love of the blessed Lord who so loved us, and the love of 
 the immortal souls for whom He died, swallow up all our little jeal- 
 ousies and differences, and unite us an undivided host in manfully fight- 
 «ing His battle against the giants of sin and unbelief. 
 Suffer me to adopt, as peculiarly apposite to our present circum- 
 stances, the calmly wise words recently uttered by that eminent divine, 
 who is the last consecrated Bishop of the Church in England — Bishop 
 Lightfoot, of Durham. He says, " I should be sorry not to believe that 
 both the clergy of this Diocese and their parishioners are reasonable 
 men, who will see things in their proper proportion, and will not mag- 
 nify trifles unduly either in the way of assertion or denial. 1 shall be 
 sorry not to believe that they will honour men who will give them- 
 selves up to their Master's services, and will condone differences for the 
 work's sake. I confess I have but one idea for the administration of 
 the Diocese, and it is just this — that we shall one and all, Bishop and 
 clergy, strive to work together; that as we contemplate the awful 
 amount of sin and misery around us, we should one and all resolve to 
 do our best, by God's help, to lessen the gigantic mass of evil, and 
 should be careful not to give or take unnecessary offence at what is done 
 1 by those who ai'e labouring earnestly and faithfully in the same cause." 
 * Finally, brethren, I pray that God the Holy Ghost may preside over 
 ^ our counsels and rule in all our hearts, and then our meeting together 
 I will be blessed with unanimity and peace, redound to the honour and 
 ; praise of God, and conduce to the setting forward of the salvation of men. 
 
REPORT OF THE MEETING 
 
 . ' OF THE . ■ 
 
 CHUKCH ASSOCIATION, 
 
 HELD AT - 
 
 ST. JAMES' SCHOOL HOUSE, TORONTO, 
 
 ON WEDNESDAY, 11th JUNE, 1879. 
 
 il 
 
 I: 
 
 m 
 
 tf: 
 
 On the platform were Hon. Edward Blake, Mr. Clarke Gamble, Dr. 
 J. George Hodgins, Hon. Vice-Chancellor Blake, Rev. Dr. O'Meara, 
 Very Kev. Dean Grasett, Rev. Septimus Jones, Rev. S. W. Young, Mr. 
 A. H. Campbell, Mr. B. Homer Dixon, Dr. Wilson, Lieut-Col. R. B, 
 Denison, Mr. John Gillespie, Mr. Wm. McGrath, Rev. Canon Givins, 
 and Rev, W. S. Rainsford. 
 
 Mr. Clarke Gamble having taken the chair gave out the hymn com- 
 mencing " Sol'liers of Christ arise," which was sung by the audience. . 
 
 Rev Septimus Jones then offered up prayer. 
 
 The Chairman, in opening the meeting, regretted the absence of 
 their President, Col. Gzowski, particularly as that absence was owing 
 to a bereavement in his family circle, the sad circumstances of which 
 were no doubt known to all present. He knew they would all most 
 heartily sympathise with him and his in their deep sorrow. However, 
 he felt that he had almost a right to occupy his present position. A 
 few weeks ago they were in that room carrying on a conflict which had 
 endedmost successfully and happily — (applause) — and during itsprogress 
 he had been honoured to be their chosen president ; and as such to an- 
 nounce from time to time the state of affairs ; and at no time, they would 
 bear him witness, did he allow their hopes to flag. (Hear, hear.) At 
 that time they had been engaged in building a stone wall, and having 
 finished it they left him at the top of it, and he was there to this mo- 
 ment. (Laughter.) Therefore he looked upon this in the light of an 
 adjourned meeting, and felt that he naturally resumed the chair. Fur- 
 ther, he had been one of those present at the inauguration of the Asso- 
 ciation, and therefore, he believed, he had a right to occupy the chair 
 upon the occasion of its dissolution. Early in 1871 his friend the late 
 Hon. W. B, Robinson met him and placed in his hand a small book, 
 expressing his belief that wrong views were making their way in the 
 diocese. He found on looking at it, that the book was the Manual of 
 the Confraternity of the Blessed Sacrament, and that a branch of that 
 fraternity existed, presided over by a licensed clergyman of this diocese. 
 
THE CHURCH ASSOCIATION. 
 
 21 
 
 
 "He then took counsel with three friends, the late Chief Justice Draper, 
 Prof. Wilson, and Col. Gzowski, the result being, that an address was 
 presented to the late bishop upon the subject, and a most interesting 
 correspondence took place. The Bishop stated that no person connected 
 with this Confraternity should be licensed within the diocese. That 
 correspondence, address, and other papers connected with the matter 
 were printed, and from that small beginning sprang the Church Associ- 
 ation. (Applause.) He claimed that they had done much to check the 
 introduction of an excess of ritual in the Church ; and if they had done 
 nothing else, they would have accomplished a most important work, and 
 they might consent to the Association's dissolution. Among other mat- 
 ters that would now be brought before them, would be the future care 
 of the Protestant Episcopal Divinity School, and the Evangelical 
 Churchman. These had been discussed at the meeting which resulted 
 in the election of Bishop Sweatman ; but since then there had been 
 matters spoken, and written, and printed, which were not in accor- 
 dance with what did really take place — not that he stated that any- 
 thing had been said wilfully false, but he did hold that much of what 
 had been made public, was very wide of the truth. (Applause.) He 
 trusted that, notwithstanding all that, they would discuss the matters 
 before them, calmly and deliberately. 
 
 Rev. W. S. Rainsford then read the sixth annual report of the Exe- 
 cutive Committee of the Association, as follows : — 
 
 ANNUAL REPORT, 1879. 
 
 In presenting the Annual Report of the Church Association at the 
 close of the sixth year of its successful operations, the Executive Com- 
 mittee do so under peculiarly gratifying circumstances. The recent 
 happy choice, by a united Church, of one to fill the important office of 
 Bishop of this Diocese is due, under the Divine blessing, as they confi- 
 dently believe, in no small degree to the eflForts put forth by the Asso- 
 ciation to maintain the rights with which the laity were invested, when 
 Synodical action was accorded to the Church in Canada. 
 
 The incidents attendant on the recent election of a Bishop for this 
 Diocese excited too profound an interest in the minds of earnest Church- 
 men, to require recapitulation now. 
 
 It may be presumed that while, the members of the Church Associa- 
 tion very clearly recognise the influence, which its operations during the 
 past six years exercised on that important result, they are also aware that 
 
 THE DISSOLUTION OF THE ASSOCIATION 
 
 was asked as a concession from you, in return for the withdrawal 
 of nominations for the Bishopric, which the delegates who represented 
 your opinions and wishes felt bound to oppose. The Executive Com- 
 mittee thereafter took into consideration the desired concession, and 
 resolved to recommend it to you, in the belief that by the election of 
 Bishop Sweatman to the See of Toronto, the special objects for which 
 the Church Association v.'as formed have been so far accomplished, that 
 the necessity for its continuance no longer exists. 
 
 It has had to be deplored that both the aims of this Association, and 
 the spirit which animates its members, have been misinterpreted by 
 
U\ 
 
 22 
 
 REPORT OF 
 
 m 
 
 a 
 
 ■I 
 
 many ; who, had they been present at our deliberation^ would have neen 
 that our sole object is the well-being of our Church ; and that our earn- 
 est desire has been to further this in a spirit becoming Christian men 
 who look for the blessing of God on their efforts. Such misunderstand- 
 ing was perhaps unavoidable. But had it been otherwise, you would 
 probably have been left free to show by your own unprompted act that 
 " First pure, then peaceable," — you do most earnestly aim at a true and 
 lasting peace for our Church ; and were well content to accept of the 
 results as adequately rewarding your labours, and destined to prove of 
 lasting value. Nevertheless, coming as the request for dissolution thus 
 does, from those with whom you have differed in times past on very im- 
 portant questions, and against some of whom, it has, as we believe, been 
 justly charged that the spirit in which their opposition was manifested 
 helped to aggravate the antagonism between members of a common 
 Churchjwhich all must deplore; we welcome it as a promise and a guaran- 
 tee of happier times, in which all will strive for some common ground of 
 co-operation in the service of Christ and the work of His Church. 
 
 IN THUS FULFILLING THE PLEDGE 
 
 given by those who acted on your behalf at the late Synod, and 
 inviting you to consider whether the time has now come for recognising 
 the accomplishment of adequate results under your present organiza- 
 tion : and so for renewing your efforts for the same object, as far as 
 possible, in friendly co-operation with members of our common Church, 
 who avowedly differ from you on some important points : it appears to 
 be incumbent on us to recall the circumstance which led to the for- 
 mation of the Church Association. In doing so, it is impossible to 
 avoid some reference to subjects which have been the cause of much 
 painful division ip the past. But our sole object in doing so now is 
 the hope of averting the same evils in future, and so promoting that 
 true peace and hai*mony which we all most earnestly desire. 
 
 Synodical action was accorded to the Church in Canada in 1851, and 
 on the dissolution of the Church Society of this Diocese at a later date, 
 the entire control of the Church funds was handed over to the Synod of 
 the Diocese. This transferrence of the important functions involved in 
 Synodical government and administration of Church affairs to a body 
 composed of the clergy and the lay representatives of parishes, under 
 the presiding rule of the Bishop, awoke in many minds the highest 
 hopes. There was felt to be a manifest call for new life, along with a 
 growing feeling that the Canadian Church was not, in all respects, ful- 
 filling the just expectations of its friends. The relative numbers of its 
 adherents attracted special attention ; and they could not shut their eyes 
 to the fact that, in not a few parishes, other denominations were being 
 largely augmented by those who had been members of the Church of 
 England. In the majority of cases this could only be accounted for by 
 the unacceptable teaching of the clergy ; while, in some, at least, it was 
 still further promoted by the 
 
 INTRODUCTION OF NOVELTIES 
 
 alike in teaching and in ritual, opposed to the Articles of our Churchy 
 and to the sound Protestant sympathies of its people. 
 
THE CHURCH ASSOCIATION. 
 
 e aeen 
 
 For all this it was earnestly hoped that a Synod composed of the 
 clergy and lay representatives of parishes, would be able to provide 
 some efficient corrective. But it was inevitable that, at the first, a body 
 of lay delegates, for the most part strangers to each other, and wholly 
 inexperienced in synodical action, should be apt to proceed timidly and 
 uncertainly. Unfortunately at the very time when a conciliatory pro- 
 cedure on the part of those to whom many of the laity looked for 
 guidance, might have promoted harmony, the question of the manage- 
 ment of the Clergy Commutation Fund assumed a personal character ; 
 and the efforts of experienced laymen to preserve this important en- 
 dowment unimpaired were resented by many who learnt to recognize^ 
 when too late, that they had hud nothing but the true interests of the 
 Church at heart. 
 
 We refer all the more readily to this, because it is now, happily, a 
 thing of the past ; while to this unhappy source we believe was origi- 
 nally due a bitterness and personality which ere long extended to other 
 subjects, and led to an offensive mode of repelling tiie advocacy of 
 opiniv>as regarded by many, especially of the lay delegates, as of vital 
 importance to the highest interests of the Church. Certain it is, at 
 any rate, whatever may have been the originating cause, that ere long 
 the maintenance of opinions most strongly held by Evangelical Church- 
 men subjected their advocates to treatment which threatened, if un- 
 checked, to deprive them of all liberty of debate. 
 
 Accompanying this there grew up an organized system for the con- 
 trol of the Synod, carried on under the leadership of a former professor 
 of Trinity College, with printed lists previously prepared, for the nomi- 
 nation of Committees, the management of Trust Funds, and the election 
 of aelegates to the Provincial Synod : which, in a body largely com- 
 posed of country delegates' inexperienced and strangers to each other, 
 tended to place the power almost entirely in their hands. The natural 
 result was to lead them greatly to undervalue the predominant feeling 
 and opinions of the laity, and to ac^. "towards the few who ventured to 
 give expression to their sentiments and wishes as a small but turbulent 
 and factious minority whom they were justified in treating with contempt. 
 
 It is important that those facts should be kept in view ; for the 
 opinion has been industriously circulated, and is honestly entertained 
 by many, that the Church Associat on begop this work of organized 
 voting by ticket and printed lists, and that till its formation, peace and 
 harmony reigned in the Councils of the Church. So far is this from 
 the actual fact, that the formation of the Church Association was a 
 purely defensive step in the efibrt to secure their just rights in a free 
 deliberative and representative assembly, to those who conscientiously 
 advocated opinions unacceptable to a hostile clerical majority. 
 
 The financial difficulties have been referred to, as accounting for au 
 element of personal bitterness which unhappily affected the debates of 
 the Synod at an early stage ; but, ere long, important 
 
 QUESTIONS IN RELATION TO DOCTRINE AND RITUAL 
 
 also provoked dispt.ie. The Church Association has existed under 
 its present name since 1873, but it must not be lost sight of that 
 
24 
 
 REPORT OF 
 
 it is the expansion of an older Church of England Evangelical As- 
 sociation, of which the Very Rev. the Dean of Toronto was Presi- 
 dent; the Venerable Archdeacon Fuller (the present Bishop of Niagara) 
 Vice-President ; anr' the late Canon Baldwin one of its most earnest 
 promoters. In an address issued by them in 18G0 — that is, four 
 years before the formation of the Church Association, — attention is 
 drawn to the important resolutions of the Provincial Synod condemning 
 ritualistic novelties ; but, they add ; " we are sorry to say that we can 
 find in the published reports of the proceedings, no single instance 
 where the names of a majority of the lay delegates from this Diocese 
 appear in favour of condemning those practices." 
 
 Again, in the following year, the Evangelical Association complains 
 that the Protestantism of our Church, and theo)>inions and wishes of the 
 country parishes and missions are not fairly represented in the Synod, 
 and asserts the belief " that the great mass of the laity of the Church of 
 England throughout Canada is 
 
 SOUNDLY PROTESTANT AT HEART ; 
 
 and, if truly represented at the Synod, cannot fail to exercise a most 
 vital influence on the progress of the Canadian branch of the Church. 
 All this, it is important to bear in remembrance, liad been going on for 
 years ; and, long before this Association ejrtsted, it was the practice to 
 begin the daily sessions of the Synod with this prayer : — " Give us grace 
 seriously to lay to heart the great danger we are in by our unhappy 
 divisions. Take away all hatred and prejudice, and whatsoever else may 
 hinder i;s from Godly unity and concord." 
 
 To not a few of the laity the attempt to organize an association for the 
 maintenance of the principles, and doctrines of our Chui'ch, as estab- 
 lished at the Reformation, seemed hopeless. Thoir experience led them 
 to believe that it was vain to contend against the party that held rule 
 in the Synod ; and, unfortunately, some, whom the Church could ill 
 afford to lose, abandoned its fold. But the leaders in the movement 
 conscientiously believed that the objects which thoy aimed at were 
 such as they could ask the Divine aid and blessing in seeking to ac- 
 complish ; and that these would ultimately teml to the ])romotion of 
 evangelicid truth ; and to such a wellfounded godly unity and concord 
 as would j)rove acceptable to many members of our common Church 
 who differ from them on points legitimately recognized as within its 
 comprehensive limits. 
 
 The results are now familiar to the members of this Association. 
 
 1. In the earlier period of its oi)erations, from 1873 to 1877, the Ex- 
 ecutive Committee issued and circulated twenfy-one addresses, reports, 
 • and occasional papers, to the number in all of 1 1 7,500 copies. The in\- 
 portaut influence which these have exercised, in giving to the laity of 
 our Churcli a clear view of the evils to be withstood, and the aims to bo 
 kept in view, liave been gratefully acknowledged by thousands ; and have 
 Won the reluctant commendation oven of some of those letist in sympathy 
 with us. But, while the circulation of such addresses and occasional 
 papers was the means best adapted for the special and exceptional pur- 
 poses originally aimed at, experience has sliowu that, under ordinary 
 
 
 .■:i^ 
 
 .m 
 
 m 
 
THE CHURCH ASSOCIATION. 
 
 25 
 
 al As- 
 
 Presi- 
 
 agara) 
 
 arnest 
 
 four 
 
 tion is 
 
 mning 
 
 we can 
 
 istance 
 
 )iocese 
 
 M 
 
 -circumstances, a periodical publication dealing with the news of the 
 Church at large, and systematically enforcing its Evangelical principles, 
 and the simplicity of its Protestant worship, is calculated to be of more 
 enduring value. 
 
 2. The Evangelical Churchman was, accordingly, started in 1876, and its 
 success thus far lias fulfilled the most sanguine expectations of its friends. 
 It has been welcomed in England as a creditable exponent of the prin- 
 ciples of our Protestant and Evangelical Church ; has met with the hearty 
 approval of several of the Bishops of the Church in Canada and in the 
 United States ; and gratifying letters have been received from Bishops, 
 and from others amonsr the authorities of the sister Church in the United 
 States, representing the Boards of the American Church Missionary 
 Society, and the Evangelical Education Societies, of New York, and of 
 Pldladelphia ; not only commending the paper in high terms, but express- 
 ing a desire that the Evangelical Churchman might he made tiie medium 
 for disseminating Evangelical principles, and the Church and Missionary 
 information throughout the United States. 
 
 3. Another important work undertaken by this Association is 
 
 THE PROTESTANT EPISCOPAL DIVINITY SCHOOL 
 
 for training young men of earnest piety and sound Evangelical principles 
 for Holy Orders. The want of well-trained men of approved learning 
 and piety, for the ministry of our Church, has been the subject of 
 numerous appeals in the charges of Bishops, both at Home ami in Canada. 
 It is vain, indeed, to aim at the revival of Evangelical principles, and to 
 demand a liearty fidelity to the fundamental scriptural doctrines em- 
 bodied in our Church's Articles, without a body of faithful clergy, of 
 eoi-nest i)iety and sound learning, ready to assume the charge of our 
 parishes and missions as vacancies occur. The re<piisite stops were 
 accordii.gly taken ; the co-operation of several of the leading Evangelical 
 clergy, in the training and teaching of the School, was sticured; and the 
 Kev. J. P. Sheraton, B. A., a clergyman of approved piety and learning, 
 •entered on his duties as Principal, at a salary of $1,500 per annum. 
 The school at present numbers fifteen young men preparing for the 
 ministry, to eiglit of whom scholarshi])S are paid, amounting in all to$900. 
 During the brief period that the Protestant Episcopal School has been 
 in operation, 
 
 THE ASSOCIATION HAS EXPENDED $5,298 
 
 on this impi tant branch of its work. Steps have been taken with 
 a view to secure a permanent endowment ; and the Executive Com- 
 mittee are gratified in being able to state that, already, in answer to 
 the appeal made to the friends of Evangelical truth, a liberal sura has 
 been contributed to the Building and Endowment Fund. 
 
 4. A widely prevailing feeling of dissatisfaction, in reference to the 
 Missions of the (Miiirch in this and other dioceses, resulted in a falling 
 off of the contributions to the Mission Fund ; until, in the Diocese of 
 Toronto the Mission Bo».rd found itself unable to meet its obligations, 
 and was at length compelled to make a considerable reduction on the 
 ouarterly payments to its missionai or. The Executive Committee of 
 this Association offered to the late Bishop to aid missions within the 
 
26 
 
 REPORT OF 
 
 diocese held by Evangelical clergymen ; and, with his concurrence, they 
 assumed the entire responsibility of certain of the missions ; and have 
 paid in all, up to this date, to 
 
 MISSIONS WITHIN THE DIOCESE, $3,875, 
 
 independently of the contributions of Evangelical churchmen, and 
 parishes to the Synod Fund. 
 
 In order the more effectually to carry out this branch of the work 
 undertaken by the Association, the Executive Committee issued an ap- 
 peal to the members, in which they set forth a statement of the various 
 objects on which their contributions were expended ; adding this special 
 appeal on behalf of the Mission Fund : 
 
 " As compared with other Churches, the amount annually subscribed 
 by members of the Church of England in this Diocese for religious pur- 
 poses is small. This has unquestionably originated, in part at least, 
 from many conscientiously withholding their contributions from work 
 which they could not view as soundly Evangelical and Protestant. Now, 
 however, that all Evangelical Protestant Churchmen have the opportu- 
 nity afforded to them of co-operating in the work of their own Church, 
 in full accordance with their principles, it is earnestly hoped that such 
 a manifestation of Cliristian liberality will result, as shall suffice to re- 
 move the stigma of grudging and inadequate response to the claims of 
 Christ and His Church." 
 
 5. There is one other work accomplished by this Association to which 
 your Executive Committee revert with peculiar pleasure. In 1871, the 
 parish of Grace Church was set apart from that of Holy Trinity, To- 
 ronto, and a congregation of zealous Protestant Churchmen proceeded 
 to erect a church within the bounds. Unfortunately their desire for the 
 appointment of the Kev. R. H. Harris, of Omemee, as their minister 
 was not complied with. The Kev. W. H. Jones was presented to the 
 incumbency. Uut after a brief experience, he proved so unacceptable 
 that the congregation was, to a large extent, dispersed, and the church 
 was about to be sold to parties aiming at acquiring it for a congregation 
 of the Ret'ormed Ejjiscopal Church ; when your Executive Committee 
 interposed, and preserved it for the use of the Church of England. 
 Now, as the fruit of this Association's efforts and pecuniary help, the 
 Rev. J. P. Lewis, the present popular incumbent of the parish, is ap- 
 pealingfor aid with a view to the enlargement of the overcrowded church; 
 and one of the duties of our new bishop has been to hold a confirmation 
 there, when fifty-seven candidates were admitted to the holy rite. In the 
 accomplishment of this good work, the Church Association has thus far 
 
 EXPENDED 62,500.00 ; IN ADDITION TO §2,275.00 
 
 contributed in aid of other churches in the Diocese, 
 
 Such is a brief summary of the various sclieraes which have been 
 carried out under the iliiection of the Executive Committee, and the 
 various sub-committees of this Association, since 1573 ; and for the pro- 
 motion of which the members have given practical evidence of their 
 sympathy, 
 
 IIY THE GONTHIRUTION, IN ALL, OF $18,062.00. 
 
 It is scarcely necessary to add that the entire services of the Honorary 
 
 -$i 
 
 \i& 
 
 ■m' 
 
THE CHURCH ASSOCIATION. 
 
 27 
 
 nee, they 
 md have 
 
 len, and 
 
 he work 
 d an ap- 
 various 
 is special 
 
 bscribed 
 ous pur- 
 at least, 
 >m work 
 . Now, 
 )pportu- 
 Church, 
 lat such 
 36 to re- 
 laims of 
 
 which 
 ^71, the 
 ity, To- 
 oceeded 
 3 for the 
 ninister 
 
 1 to the 
 :eptable 
 church 
 Ggation 
 iniittee 
 iigland. 
 ilp, the 
 
 , is ap- 
 :hurch ; 
 Illation 
 In the 
 Ills far 
 
 9 been 
 id tlie 
 16 pro- 
 ' tlieir 
 
 Qoraiy 
 
 Secretaries have been given gratuitously ; and no expense has been in- 
 curred for office-rent or service of any kind. The amount thus freely 
 contributed is also independent of the large sum expended on behalf c^ 
 the Evangelical Churchman. The Executive Committee commend this 
 important undertaking to your consideration, with a view to placing 
 it now on a permanent foundation. 
 
 The work thus heartily entered upon was still being promoted with 
 vigour, when the unexpected death of the late Bishop Bethune, in Feb- 
 ruary last, caused a vacancy in the See, and led to the proceedings which 
 finallv resulted in the election of the Venerable Archdeacon Sweatman 
 to the Bishopric. The special circumstances which marked that elec- 
 tion, as the result of a friendly conference between twenty-four repre- 
 sentative clergymen and laymen from among those who had till then 
 been divided as to the choice of a bishop, and to which the Executive 
 Committee have now to invite the attention of the Association, is the 
 pledge entered into by twelve of the Clerical and Lay Delegates, that 
 " on the consecration of Archdeacon Sweatman as Bishop of this Dio- 
 cese, they would use their best endeavours to procure 
 
 THE DISSOLUTION OF THE CHURCH ASSOCIATION." 
 
 It is important to add that, in forwarding this pledge to Dr. O'Reilly — 
 then Chairman of the Committee, by whom the request had been sub- 
 mitted to them, — it was acccompanied by the following letter from 
 Mr. Clarke Gamble, as Chairman of the Delegates from whom the 
 pledge proceeded, and which specifies very distinctly the concessions 
 finally concurred in by all : — 
 
 Dear Sir, — In enclosing to you the accompanying resolution of my Com- 
 miti.ee, I am instructed to say that the undertaking is Higued upon the ex- 
 press ujidorstanding arrived at in the interview between yourself and ]\Ir. 
 J31om<iold on one part, and my Committee on the other, that the dissolu- 
 tion of the Church Association in no way interferes with the continuance of 
 the Protestant Episcopal Divmity School, and the Eoa)uielkal CIninliuuiii. 
 
 Yours truly, 
 
 Toronto, March 5th, 1879. C. Gamble. 
 
 In now resigning our trust as your Executive Committee, we com" 
 mend this pledge to your consideration. We cannot doubt that the 
 Church Association, during the six years in which it has been in exis- 
 tence, has accompltshod much which, under the Divine blessing, we be- 
 lieve will be found to promote the best interests of the Church far be- 
 yond the limits of this Diocese. But now that the Great Head of the 
 Church has been graciously pleased to vouchsafe to us one to fill the 
 important office of Bishop, who is recognised by all as a man of sound 
 learning and devoted piety ; and who has been long known as an earn- 
 est Evangelical Churchman ; we may confidently look for the repression 
 of evils heretofore complained of ; along witli an impartial recognition 
 of whatever diversities of thought have a legitimate claim to compre- 
 hension in the Church of England. Under buch a leader we need enter- 
 tain no fear that peace will bo sought at the sacrifiije of principle ; and 
 we cun therefore in all confidonoe fulfil the pledge undertaken at the 
 late Sy::od, and reuommeud to you the diaaolution of the Church Asso* 
 
28 
 
 REPORT OF 
 
 ciation as the guarantee on your part of the earnestness with which you 
 aim at securing a harmonious and united Church under his episcopal 
 oversight. 
 
 It would only tend to disappointment were it to be assumed that, by 
 such a concession, all differences are to vanish, and every source of con- 
 troversy to disappear. On the contrary, we believe that the truest hope 
 for well-grounded peace lies in the clear recognition of the diversities of 
 opinion; and the acknowledgement of the two essentially distinct 
 schools of thought, which, from the time of Queen Elizabeth to our own 
 day, have held a legitimate place within the comprehensive, yet evangeli- 
 cal and thoroughly Protestant, Church of England. 
 
 In full accord with the distinct recognition of our claim to a place in 
 the Church of Ridley, Latimer, Jewell, Hooker, and all Evangelical di- 
 vines of the like type, on to Newton, Venn, and Simeon ; and to many 
 gifted representatives among the highest dignitaries of the Church in 
 England at the present time ; it will be the duty of the Association, 
 before it dissolves, to make adequate provision for carrying on the work 
 of the Protestant Episcopal Divinity School as an organization calcu- 
 lated to promote the highest interests of Evangelical religion ; and to 
 encourage all once more to aim at cordial co-operation in liberally main- 
 taining the Common Mission Fund of a United Church. 
 
 All which is respectfully submitted, 
 
 Signed on behalf of the Executive Committee. 
 
 B. H. Dixon, ) tt o .. 
 T n..r...^rJ } lion. Sees. 
 J. Gillespie, j 
 
 Toronto, June 10th, 1879. 
 
 Dr. Daniel Wilson, in moving the adoption of the report, did so 
 with very peculiar feelings. He looked back to times when the bitter- 
 ness and discord which existed amongst the members of their common 
 Church made it diihcult to conceive that they were met to deliberate on 
 its interests ; or even to realize that they acknowledged the bond of a 
 common Christianity. It has been the fashion to ascribe all this acri- 
 mony to the Church Association ; but, as the report shows, this is ut- 
 terly incorrect. Those who have borne any part in its proceedings do 
 not need to be assured of this. They know how pleasant, and often 
 how profitable its meetings have been. How tlicy have cheered them, 
 attached them anew to their own loved church, when much was oc- 
 curring elsewhere calculated to alienate them from it. The Association 
 had not, indeed, shrunk from dealing fairly and uncompromisingly in 
 its protests against flagrant evils ; but its ultimate aim had ever been 
 to promote peace and hinraony, working in the spirit of the Master ; and 
 tlieir belief was that they had helped on results which were destined 
 to beget genuine and well-founded peace, based on principles that 
 would endure. But whilst no one who liad enjoyed the mnny happy 
 reunions of the Church Association could sympathise in the spirit with 
 which some outsiders welcome its ending, he rcoognisjd that the time 
 had come for its dissolution. Its work was done. After listening to 
 Buch a charge as that which their bishop had just delivered to the Synod, 
 
THE CHURCH ASSOCIATION. 
 
 29 
 
 it was manifest that Church Association addresses and occasional papers 
 had ceased to be needed ; and, so long as there was at the head of this 
 Diocese 
 
 SUCH A SOUND PROTESTANT AND EVANGELICAL CHURCHMAN 
 
 as the Bishop of Toronto, they might well be content to trust themselves 
 to his guidance in the faithful maintenance of the spiritual doctrines of 
 the Church of England. Yet in one sense the Association, though ap- 
 parently in its death throes, would never cease to exist, for the princi- 
 ples for which it struggled would never die, nor would the results which 
 it had achieved soon lose their efficacy. 
 
 Hon Edward Blake was received with applause. In seconding the 
 motion for the adoption of the report, he did so feeling that the fulfil- 
 ment of the object-; for which the Association had been established and 
 which they had all struggled justified, if it did not demand, its dissolu- 
 tion. The Church of England was one which gloried in a spirit of com- 
 prehension, and not of exclusion, and those who had united to form the 
 Church Association had felt that a large majority of the laity of the 
 diocese belonging to that denomination ordinarily known as Evangelicals 
 were entitled to a recognition of their full right to a place within their 
 common Church. They had felt that the circumstances — the growth of 
 many years — which had placed 
 
 AN EMINENTLY PROTESTANT EVANGELICAL LAITY IN ANTAGONISM 
 
 to, or at least out of sympathy with, the occupiers of many of the 
 pulpits, were due to a course of action which in itself was progres- 
 sive, and which., if not checked, must result in an entire dissonance be- 
 tween the clergy and most of the laity. The sole nursery for the future 
 pastors of the laity was controlled by, and sent forth men almost always 
 of one school of thought — a school of thought opposite to that adhered 
 to by the majority of the laity. It wus obvious that the evil must be 
 progressive ; and they were acting within their legitimate right, and in- 
 deed were but doing their bounden duty, when they proposed to provide 
 for the mass of the congregations a nursery for clergymen holding views 
 as to doctrine in accordance with their own. They insisted that in the 
 councils of the Church and the Sy nodical arrangements fair play ought 
 to be afforded, and a reasonable measure of control alloted to both those 
 schools of thought. Various proposals had been made from time to 
 time towards that end, but so far from these proposals being received in 
 the spirit in which they were made, a spirit of intolerance, as had been 
 stated in the report, was developed. While the majority of the laity 
 found the Theological School, the endowment of which was the pro- 
 perty of the whole Church, devoted exclusively to the production of 
 clergymen of a school of thought to which they did not belong, they 
 found a serious ellbrt being made to stifle their exertion for providing 
 clergymen who would sympathise with the opinions and doctrines 
 which they themselves held and believed. (Applause.) Such was the 
 state of things ; and at the last meeting of the Synod a report was 
 brought in by the Executive Committee condemning in very strong 
 terms the circumstance that iu the Cathedral Church of St. James a 
 
m 
 
 30 
 
 MEETING OF 
 
 
 voluntary subscription had been taken up for the maintenance of the 
 Protestant Episcopal Divinity School. They were, therefore, fighting for 
 freedom of action within the just limits of the comprehensiveness of 
 their Church. They did not so earnestly desire the election of an 
 Evangelical man as Bishop because he belonged to their own party, 
 as they desired he should be elected upon those great principles 
 of freedom and liberty of action to which he had adverted. (Ap- 
 plause.) They had learned in the school of adversity the value of fair 
 play, and to respect the rights of minorities, and they did not propose to 
 set up an Evangelical tyranny any more than they were prepared to 
 submit to a despotism of ar other kind. (Applause.) IT nder these cir- 
 cumstances they had struggled long, a comparatively small minority, 
 for the attainment of a result which he believed was essential to the 
 life of the Church in this Diocese. (Applause.) What has been enun- 
 ciated in feeble and ineffectual terms from this platform during those 
 struggles, had been enunciated in authoritative and decisive though 
 temperate and courteous words by the reverend prelate to whom in the 
 providence of God had been committed the task of administering this 
 Diocese. (Applause.) 
 
 He agreed with a former speaker that the time for f t natural ter- 
 mination of the Association had arrived, not however, for its death, 
 but for its euthanasia (hear, hear), when the objects for which it 
 had struggled for six long years had been attained and become the 
 accepted ends of the Church. He was happy to recollect that the 
 deliberations of the Association had ever been carried on in an open 
 and public way, and to know that the same spirit animated them still. 
 He considered the ticket system as highly objectionable, and had always 
 been of the opinion that the two schools of thought in the Church 
 should, by mutual arrangement, be represented by their best men in 
 something like proportion to their numbers on the floor of the Synod, on 
 the Executive Committee, and that the Executive should adopt the same 
 rule in the formation of the other Committees. He did not see why in 
 their elections the two parties could not meet together to have an under- 
 standing as to the relative strength of the representation of each upon 
 the Executive Committee. He was glad that a suggestion of the kind 
 had been made from the Evangelical party, and in making this pro- 
 posal they had been willing to concede even that the other side should 
 have a majority of their friends on the Committee. But the opposite 
 side would not listen to the proposal, on the ground that the Church 
 Association had not been dissolved ; although it was known that the 
 dissolution was pledged by those whose names were a sufficient guarantee 
 of iheir good faith. It was then desired by the representatives of the 
 E\ angelical party that the election should be postponed until after the 
 proiient meeting. This was not agreed to, even though the meeting was 
 known to have been called, and its result in the dissolution of the 
 Society was confidently predicted by representative men of the Evan- 
 gelical party. It was urged that there were some legal doubts as to 
 their power to postpone the election even for one day, and the result 
 was that the election to day had been by the old system of ticket, and 
 he understood hud resulted in the other side securing by a narrow mo- 
 
; 
 
 THE CHURCH ASSOCIATION. 
 
 31 
 
 jority, not their fair share of representation on the Executive Committee, 
 but the whole of the representation. The Evangelical school of thought 
 had to depend simply upon the choice of the Lord Bishop for having 
 any representatives on the Committee at all. He did not state these 
 facts in order to embitter members of the Church against one another, 
 but because it was necessary to show th^t proposals which could not 
 be characterized as any other than fair, amicable and Christianlike, 
 were made by the party to whom he belonged, and the responsibility of 
 failure did not lie with them. If the other side took the responsibility 
 of excluding certain men from the committees of the Synod let them 
 bear that reponaibility. He heartily regretted the decision for the 
 sake of the whole Church, that at the very time when an offer was 
 being made from one side to heal the old breach it had not been 
 accepted by the other. He trusted, however, that if they were not allowed 
 to do the work which they thought should be theirs they would in 
 a faithful spirit do the work which they were allowed to do. (Applause.) 
 He trusted still further that the result of the statement he had made 
 would be that the next Synod would not be marred by the introduction 
 of the ticket system, but that the election of the Executive Committee 
 would be by some arrangement similar to that which he had spoken of, 
 and that, in that arrangement, the best interests of the Church would be 
 consulted. , 
 
 .,; THE STONE WALL WHICH THEY HAD ERECTED 
 
 had been spoken of, and he was glad to know that the stones of that 
 wall remained firm in their courses. Although they had had behind it 
 at first but a minority they had repelled the enemy's assaults, repeated 
 and fierce though they were. He hoped that the stone wall would long 
 stand, and that it would be like another wall of which the Poet Laureate 
 had sung : 
 
 '* Backward they reeled like the wave, 
 
 Like the wave they were forward again, 
 Flank and tile at the lawt, 
 
 Bnt a handful they could not subdue, 
 And ever upon the topmost roof 
 
 Our banner of England flew." 
 
 The stone wall had so far repelled the assaults of its antagonists ; might 
 it ever continue to do so — (applause) — and upon it might there be flung 
 to the winds the banner on which the charge was read from the plat- 
 form of St. James' school-house on Tuesday — the noble declaration of 
 principles by the Evangelical churchman who now occupies the chief 
 seat in this diocese — a banner whose brilliant tints all present could not 
 but admire — a banner whose colours all present could not but rejoice in 
 — a banner that was brighter and more brilliant than the brightest 
 dreams of those who had looked for it. (Loud applause.) 
 
 Mr. A. Hewson, of Cobourg, and Lieut-Col. Grierson, of Oshawa, 
 in earnest addresses urged the necessity of at once placing the Divinity 
 School upon an efficient basis. 
 
 The Hymn, "God moves in a mysterious way. Sic," was then sung. 
 
 Mr. T. M. Benson, of Port Hope, proposed the following resolution : 
 — " That in view of the speedy dissolution of the Church Association, 
 
 I*' 
 
32 
 
 MEETING OF 
 
 
 it is expedient to provide for the future management of the Protestant 
 Episcopal Divinity School, and of the Evangelical Churchman newspaper^ 
 by framing a constitution for the former and incorporating the latter, or 
 by such other methods as by each institution may hereafter be deter- 
 mined, by the bodies hereby constituted. That the subscribers to the 
 maintenance of the School, and to the guarantee fund of the Churchman. 
 are hereby declared to be constituted bodies for the purpose of carrying 
 on the undertakings, and are appointed the Provisional Board of Manage- 
 ment of the Protestant Episcopal Divinity School and the J^vangelical 
 Churchman newspaper, with power to do all things necessary for placing 
 these institutions on a firm and satisfactory basis. That these Boards 
 shall be subject to the call of the Rev. the Principal of the School, and 
 on meeting shall at once proceed to organize committees of management 
 and appoint officers." The mover did not think it required any argu- 
 ment to convince those present of the necessity of continuing the Pro- 
 testant Episcopal Divinity School, and also the publication of the Evan- 
 gelical Churchman. So long as the Diocese was fed from an institution 
 that did not turn out graduates imbued with the teachings they could 
 approve of, it was idle to suppose that the people of the diocese 
 would be instructed in true Evangelical principles. It was, therefore, 
 necessary to have a college to instruct young men in those distinctive 
 and Evangelical principles which the majority of the people prized, and 
 in the Divinity School they had such an institution. Whatever hopes 
 some might entertain of one institution being made available for all, at 
 the very best years must elapse, before it could be realized, and in the 
 meantime they must, with all diligence and energy proceed to place 
 their Divinity School upon a firm and efficient basis. 
 
 Mr. A. H. Caivipbell regretted that it was necessary that the pleasant 
 ties which bound together the members of the Church Association should 
 be severed, but, while entertaining this feeling of regret, he looked for- 
 ward with hope to the good which would result from their severance. 
 He looked upon the dissolution of the Association as a peace offijring 
 on the altar of union, an altar the corner stones of which were faith, 
 hope and charity — faith in their cause, hope in the future, and love for 
 all their fellow-churchmen. (Applause.) But though the Association 
 was on its death-bed, it did not die heirless, for it left two very sturdy 
 children — the Divinity School and the Evamjclical Churchman. The re- 
 solution which he was seconding had for its object the providing of 
 guardians for those orphans. 
 
 Rev. S. W. Y'oUNG moved the following resolution — " That this meet- 
 ing heartily endorse the principles of the Evangelical Churckniaii, recog- 
 nises in it a means of disseminating sound spiritual teaching in our 
 Church, heartily commends it to the support of the members of the 
 Church, and pledges itselt to do all in its power to m-^.intain and improve 
 and increase its circulation." He urged, in an elo(j[uent appeal, the para- 
 mount duty of every one present to aid in carrying out the resolution. 
 
 Mr. J. K. Keuu seconded the rovsolution, which was put and carried 
 unanimously. 
 
 Hon. V. C. Blake did not wonder that the people present looked 
 happy, for, as a general thing, they felt after the meeting of Synod as if 
 
THE CHURCH ASSOCIATION. 
 
 33 
 
 they had received a castigation, but now — he said it with all reverence 
 — they had escaped that this year, thank God, and could now breathe 
 freely. Though they had met to formally dissolve the Association, yet 
 he felt that its spirit would never die. (Applause.) They had the great 
 
 MAGNA CHARTA OP THEIR LIBERTIES — THE BISHOP'S CHARGE— 
 
 and there were in it passages specially referring to the Protestant 
 Evangelical College, which showed that the Evangelical portion of the 
 Church could at least rely upon receiving treatment that would be fair, 
 and consideration that would not be hostile. In proof of this he read 
 from it some of the most prominent passages, in which the Bishop set 
 forth his decided standing ground upon the Evangelical principles in 
 opposition to the sacrameutarianism and sacerdotalism of Romanism and 
 his desire and aim to supply the missions of the Diocese with men ot 
 strong Protestant views. They wanted their people to be strong against 
 Romanism, Ritualism, and Rationalism, and there could not be a strong 
 echo from the pews if there was not a strong voice from the pulpit. 
 (Applause.) It would never do to send out as preachers jelly-fish, men 
 of undecided opinions. They wanted a school not only for the Diocese 
 but for the whole Dominion. A school whose men would be known by 
 their preaching, and in whom full conlidence might be felt. He then 
 moved the following resolution : — "That this meeting, heartily approving 
 and endorsing the Protestant Episcopal Divinity School, most cordially 
 pledges its support thereto, and commends the best interests of that in- 
 stitution to the care of the Committee appointed with power to add to 
 its number, and which is empowered to collect and disburse the j_ jnoys 
 promised for its support, and to incorporate said School, or otherwise to 
 order, govern, control, or deal therewith as may to them seem best." 
 
 Rev. Septimus Jones seconded the resolution. 
 
 Me. Wm. McGrath then moved — " That the President, Vice-Presi- 
 dent and Secretaries are hereby elected as trustees of the Church Asso- 
 ciation, yrith power to collect all moneys due at this time or to become 
 due at a future time, to pay all liabilities now outstanding, and to close 
 up the financial affairs of the Association. 
 
 Mr. N. W. HoYLES, had great pleasure in seconding the resolution. 
 He had at first looked with disfavour upon the Church Association, be- 
 lieving that party lines should not be drawn so strictly, but a short ex- 
 perience of the Diocese had proved to him that the only hope of having 
 his views upheld was to join with others in their support. He looked 
 at the death of the Association with a certain amount of regret. But as 
 with the old line of battle-ships lying now dismantled in England, it 
 had done gallant service, and had achieved great victories. (Applause.) 
 The fact that these old ships were out of use was not a sign of England's 
 decadence, but a sign of her progress. So with this Society. Its dissolu- 
 tion was a sign of the progress of the Episcopal Church in this country. 
 
 T^e motion was unanimously carried. 
 
 Mr. Gillespie said he came forward to move the last resolution, which 
 
 was : — " That this meeting httving provided for the continuance of the 
 
 Protestant; Episcopal School and uf the Evangelical Churchman, in ac- 
 
 porda^ce with the letter of Mr, Clarke Gamble to Dr. O'Reilly, on, the 
 
 3 
 
 r- 
 
34 
 
 MEETING OF THE 
 
 14th of March last, hereby declare the Church Association of the Dio- 
 cese of Toronto dissolved." He would simply say that his colleague, 
 Mr. B. Homer Dixon, had done the most laborious work devolving upon 
 the secretaries, and had done it well. (Applause.) It was painful to 
 break old ties, but their work was now done, and there was therefore 
 good reason for the dissolution of the Association. 
 
 Mr. B. Homer Dixon seconded the resolution, but before it could 
 be put, 
 
 • Mr. RoBEET Baldwin rose and said he thought they ought not to dis- 
 solve before the members of the Association had an opportunity of thank- 
 ing the officers," and not least, the secretaries, for the manner in which 
 they had performed their duties. He moved that this should be done. 
 
 The motion was carried amidst loud applause. 
 
 Mr. Blake moved — " That the Rev. Septimus Jones take the place 
 of the present chairman," This having been done, he then moved — 
 " That the thanks of the Association be presented to Mr. Gamble, not 
 only for the service he had rendered during the election, but for his 
 continual active interest in the affairs of the Association, and for his 
 conduct in the chair this evening." 
 
 The motion was declared unanimouslv carried. 
 
 The Chairman after replying, moved — " That the sympathy of this 
 Association be tendered to the President, Col. Gzowski, in the bereave- 
 ment he has suffered in the loss of his son-in-law, Col. Northey, killed 
 in the Zulu war." Carried. 
 
 The resolution finally dissolving the Association was then adopted. 
 
 After the benediction had been pronounced by Rev. Dean Grasett, 
 the meeting closed. 
 
 
 PROTESTANT EPISCOPAL DIVINITY SCHOOL. 
 
 Annual Meeting and Distribution of Prizes. ' 
 
 The second annual meeting of the Protestant Episcopal Divinity 
 School was held at St. James' School-house, Toronto, Friday, 1 3th June. 
 The spacious room was filled with the supporters and friends of the 
 institution, who manifested the deepest interest in the proceedings, 
 which were of a most hearty and enthusiastic character. Seated on the 
 platform were the Right Rev. the Lord Bishop of Toronto, Rev. J. P. 
 Sheraton, Principal of the School, Hon. Edward Blake, Dr. J. George 
 Hodgins, Professor Hirschfelder, Messrs. A. H. Campbell, Clarke 
 Gamble, Dr. Wilson, Rev. S. Jones, Rev. S. W. Young, Rev. S. J. Boddy, 
 Mr. T. M. Benson, Rev. H. H. Waters (New Orleans), Rev. A. Sanson, 
 Rev. J. S. Stone, Vice-Chancellor Blake, F. H. Ball, Esq. , Rev. Dr. 
 O'Meara, and others. The reception of Ihe Bishop was marked, the 
 applause of the audience as he took his seat being loud and long. 
 
 In the unavoidable absence of the Very Rev. Dean Grasett, Mr. Clarke 
 
PROTESTANT EPISCOPAL DIVINITY SCHOOL. 
 
 35 
 
 Gamble having taken the chair, the proceedings were opened with 
 singing, Scripture reading, and prayer. 
 
 The Chairman announced tnat they met to celebrate the second anni- 
 versary of the Protestant Episcopal Divinity School, and he need not say 
 that they met under more than usually happy circumstances. They had 
 been condemned in no measured terms for having established a school 
 outside of Trinity College, which it was said was the University of the 
 Diocese. He had himself desired that Trinity College should be the 
 only school for the training of young men for the ministry in the English 
 Church, and having been some time ago invited to become a member of 
 the Board of Trinity College, he had taken the position hoping to extend 
 its borders, so that it may be really the University of the Diocese, Such 
 progress had been made in this direction that at a late meeting of the 
 Board a resolution had been passed leaving the management in the hands 
 of their Bishop, and in better hands it could not be ; and they might 
 be sure that, whatever his conclusions, they would involve no compro- 
 mise, (Loud applause.) He would say, as Hon. V. C. Blake had said 
 at a former meeting, that they met under a new charter. They had now 
 what might be called a Magna Clmrta. But while the great charter of 
 English liberties was extorted from a wicked tyrant, he reserving a 
 determination to abolish it as soon as he dared, their charter had been 
 freely granted by a Christian ruler animated by a love of truth, and 
 they might rest assured that not one word of it would be withdrawn. 
 
 Rev. J. P. Sheraton gave a short sketch of the work and progress 
 of the School for the year. The institution has been opened a year 
 ago last October, with nine students. Of these, seven continued to pro- 
 secute their studies with diligence and zeal, the remaining two having 
 for different reasons been unable to attend the School after the first 
 year. These two students would, however, be with them next year. 
 Four students entered the School a year ago, and there were several 
 probationers receiving instructions in primary work, while four or five 
 young men were studying at University College, with the intention of, 
 after graduating, studying for the ministry at the Divinity School. In 
 conducting the institution he had been assisted by several clergymen, 
 whose labours of love he, together with all others friendly to the School, 
 highly appreciated and thankfully acknowledged. These gentlemen, 
 who had given their services with so much zeal and faithfulness, and 
 without any remuneration, were Rev. S. J. Boddy, Rev. Septimus Jones, 
 Rev. J. S. Stone, Rev. A. Sanson, and Rev. S. W. Young. He had 
 also to thank Prof. Herschfelder for his lectures on Hebrew, and Mr. 
 R. Lewis, who instructed the students in elocution gratuitously and 
 with beneficial results. He then announced the prize list as follows : — 
 
 Scholarship for general proficiency in 2nd year, B. Bryan, London. 
 
 Second prize for general proficiency in 2nd year, C. Marsh, Clarksburg. 
 
 Scholarship for general proficiency in 1st year, Weston Jones, Toronto. 
 
 Second prize for general proficiency in 1st year, E. Sibbald, Toronto. 
 
 Greek Testament exegesis, 2nd year, F. Du Vernet, Clarenceville, Q. ; 
 Ist year, Weston Jones. 
 
 Sytematic Theology, 2nd year, B. Bryan ; 1st year, W. Jones. 
 
 Ecclesiastical History and Polity, 2nd year, Ogilvie W. Dobbs, M.A., 
 Kington ; 1st year, Weston Jones. 
 
36 
 
 MEETING OF THE 
 
 Homiletics, C. Ball, B.A., Toronto. "^ :. .^ir:; 
 
 Apologetics, 2nd year, B. Bryan; 1st year, W. Jones. , ' / . ' 
 Old Testament History, K. Brydges, London. '> '■ 
 
 Reading of the Liturgy, Ogilvie Dobbs, M.A, ^ . n ' 
 
 Hebrew, University College Prize, Mr. Du Vernet. He was bracket- 
 ted with Mr. Ness. The class consisted of forty students. Mr. Du 
 Vernet and Mr. Weston Jones both took first-class honours in Hebrew 
 — the former obtaining 420 marks out of 439. Mr. A. W. Chapman 
 and Mr. H. L. Almon took second-class honours in Hebrew. 
 
 The prizes were then presented to the students by the professors, each 
 of whom spoke in high terms of the diligence with which the young 
 men had applied themselves to their studies. 
 
 Mr. A. H. Campbell was sure it must be most gratifying to all pre- 
 sent to see there one who had lately been consecrated chief pastor of 
 this Diocese- -(Applause) — and they would be all the more gratified 
 when he told them that the Bishop had been pleased to accept the of- 
 fice of visitor to their Divinity School. (Loud and prolonged applause.) 
 This was a most important office, and he knew he had the permission of 
 all present to offer His Lordship a cordial welcome. 
 
 The Bishop then came forward, and was greeted by the audience ris- 
 ing to their feet and applauding loudly. He thanked them sincerely 
 for having greeted him so cordially. He understood that he had kept 
 the meeting waiting, but in coming to a meeting the evening before he 
 had been told that an eight o'clock meeting in this city always began at 
 twenty-five minutes past eight. He would, therefore, have to deduct 
 twenty-five minutes from the time he was to speak to them. He was 
 glad to see such a large and enthusiastic meeting interested in this Di- 
 vinity School, and to know that he would have his hands strengthened 
 by those graduating from it. (Hear, hear.) The great complaint 
 throughout this Diocese was the lack of money, but another and even 
 greater want was the want of men, of good and suitable men, who had 
 the love of the Saviour in their hearts, and the love of those for whom 
 the Saviour died. He hoped the S'.bool would send forth well-trained and 
 educated men to engage in the work o'' the Church. Other denominations 
 — all praise and honour to them for it — were sending out such men and 
 the Church of England in these Ivvr could not afford to be behind. He was 
 pleased to learn that great care was being exercised in the education of 
 the young men in this Divinity School. It was an unpleasant fact that 
 in this country the sons of those of the better class did not take a part 
 in the work of Christ in the Church, and he thought this was occasioned 
 by the fact that clergymen had not hitherto taken their places in society 
 as the very highest class of educated gentlemen. He trusted that through 
 ' the means of this School much good would be done for the Church, not 
 only in this Diocese, but throughout the country. The report which 
 had been made by the Principal was most satisfactory, and he sincerely 
 looked forward to the time when he would be able to ordain and send 
 out to the missions of the diocese men from this institution thoroughly 
 well fitted both in head and heart. He wished the School overy success 
 and would give it all the fostering care he could, so long as the circum- 
 stances of the Diocese required that it should be conduct ad as a sepa- 
 

 PROTESTANT EPISCOPAL DIVHIITY SCHOOL. 
 
 37 
 
 
 
 rate institution. They had given him an office which had attached to it 
 great powers in enquirinej into and redressing grievances ; yet he trusted 
 that in these respects at^least it would be a sinecure. (Applause.) 
 
 Hon. Edward Blake had hoped to have been able to address the 
 meeting at some length, but owing to the lateness of the hour he would 
 not take up much time. He expressed a sense of the deepest gratifica- 
 tion, that the Bishop had accepted the highest official position in the Di- 
 vinity School, and trusted that he would take as active an interest in 
 the school as was consistent with his other duties. Occupying, as he 
 did, a relation to the University of Toronto, at which the students of 
 this school secured their secular education, he desired to point out the 
 advantages of that instii:ution in training young men studying for the 
 ministry in secular knovrledge. It was most advantageous to give these 
 young men the emulation which was engendered by a large number of 
 them pursuing their studies together. Those being trained for the 
 ministry in their Church should mingle with the young men of other 
 denominations. He was not one of those who thought that the many 
 mansions promised in the future would be so set apart that each denomi- 
 nation would be shut up in a mansion of its own ; bnt he was one of 
 those who did beliove that students for the ministry of the Church, by 
 knowing those of other denominations would learn to value what was 
 good in those denominations, and how many good men and excellent 
 qualities could be found outside their own Church. These advantages 
 were open to them without burden to the Church, for the design in 
 endowing the University with funds formerly held for the Church, was 
 that it was desired that men of all sects should secure their secular 
 education within its walls. Knox College was now conducted as a 
 Theological School only, with a large staff of professors, the secular 
 education of its students being secured at the University supported by 
 the Province, so that the funds of the Church were not diverted from 
 their proper purposes. For his part he thought the Church of England 
 would have acted wisely and would have been in a better position to-day 
 if, when Trinity College was established, the endowment had been 
 devoted to the establishment of a large theological school, and the 
 students had been allowed to get their secular education at the Provincial 
 University. However, that had not been done, and he would now put 
 it to the Church to consider whether it would not be the better course 
 to devote the funds to the peculir\r work of the Church, and to take 
 the benefit of the Provincial endowment for the secular portion of the 
 education, in common with other denominations. The endowments of 
 Trinity College had been absorbed by one party and they (the Evangelical 
 Churchmen) had been compelled to take upon themselves the burden 
 of supporting a college at their own expense, to educate young men in 
 what they believed to be the truth, and to preserve what they held to be 
 of value in the Church. He acknowledged with sincere gratitude the 
 efforts of the professors of this College, but if his hearers really believed 
 in this Divinity School, it was their duty to 
 
 PUT IT UPON A FIRM AND STABLE BASIS, 
 
 depending not upon the labours of love of these gentlemen, but upon 
 
•i '' - 
 
 r ' 
 
 38 
 
 MEETING OF THE 
 
 an ample and secured endowment. He acknowledged the difficulty 
 of which the Bishop had spoken in the want of men, and he believed 
 it was the fault of the laymen. When they considered the allow- 
 ai ces made to clergymen, they would see that there was no induce- 
 ment for talented and competent men to enter the ministry. He believed, 
 however, that with the beginning of a new era they ought to be able to 
 do something to remedy this. (Applause.) The Bishop had given them 
 great pledges, and it was now their duty to realize the expectations he 
 he had formed of them, so that the school might be, as it was expected 
 to b«, a great aid to him in carrying out his work in this Diocese. 
 
 Mr. T. M. Benson said he did not despair of seeing the time when 
 this school and Trinity College would be united. In speaking on this 
 matter it was not with a spirit of hostility towards that institution, but 
 with a spirit of brotherly love, and a hope that the two would co-operate 
 in the common cause of training young men for the glorious work of 
 spreading the Gospel. He could not sit down before expressing his 
 gratification at the successful and harmonious termination of the Synod, 
 and now they might look forward with warm feelings of hope to the 
 time when the Church of England in this Diocese would occupy the 
 position, as she should, of the first church in the laud. 
 
 Dr. Wilson said that in the establishment of the Divinity School, 
 they recognised the great wants of the Church and of the age, when it 
 was indispensable that their ministers should be thoroughly educated 
 men in science and other branches as well as theology. They wished 
 to turn out men strong in the belief of Evangelical doctrines as found 
 in the 39 Articles, and with clear and distinct views on all Church 
 matters. This he believed the school would be successful in accomp- 
 lishing. 
 
 Vice-Chancellor Blake followed in an able and eloquent appeal, 
 to which our reports do very scanty justice. He said that God had 
 dispelled the dark cloud that had hung over them for so long a time, 
 and there now came down showers of delight. Onco upon a time they 
 used to meet with one hand only free to work, for the other had to hold 
 the weapon. That night they met with both hands free, and under the 
 fostering care of the Bishop. There were times when it was necessary 
 to call out the " Reserves." This was such a time. They required all 
 the reserve force they could command in order to place the School upon 
 an efficient and substantial basis. He trusted that every one present 
 would show their interest in a practical way. Mr. Howland and he 
 were going at once to work to complete their subscription list, and he 
 confidently looked for a hearty and generous re8[)onse. (Applause.) 
 
 The proceedings thou closed, the benediction having first been pro- 
 nounced by the Bishop, .f , • , ,' (, ! ,j, 
 
 •»< 
 
 At a subsequent Meeting of the friends of the School, it was decided 
 to incorporate under the name of " The Protestant K4)i8copal Divinity 
 School Corporation," which wiih duly eflected on Hth .July, 1879. A 
 list of the 1 rustoes, Officers and TiMVc.hitig Statt" will bo found on the 
 following pages. 
 
PROTESTANT EPISCOPAL DIVINITY SCHOOL. 
 
 39 
 
 
 THE PROTESTANT 
 
 (fpiscopal gbinitg Scljool (jrorp0nittoiT. 
 
 INCORiOlUTED UNDER XXXVII VICT., CAP. :J4. • 
 
 A , 
 
 ■ i . I 
 
 ^xmim : 
 
 >i) i 
 
 '.!) (..,.1, 
 
 The Very Wev. The Dean of Townto, F. A. Hall, llolMi't Ikl.lwin, Hon. Edward 
 Blake, Hon. V. (!. Blake, T)ioh. M. Bonnon, Rev il J. Hoddy, M.A., IHh Honor 
 Judge Boyd, W. T. Boyd, A. H. ('auipltell, Lim^i..-' "olonel R. H. DtiiUHon, Ijiuiit.- 
 Colonel U. T. Duniaou, llev. T. C. Dew Barroi*. W. }\w<m- Dixon, K.N.Ii., (J«orKc M. 
 EvauH, Lieut. -Colonel A. V. KaiToll, Ed\varf< < i^fc^.jtvM, C^C, Clarke (fand)lo, Ci.(\, 
 ¥. W. Glen. Rev. R. W. E. CJreeno, B.A , Lieut. -(Vdonel J. H. (Jriersou, Jyo. 
 UilleHuie, R. T. Gooderhani, Lieut. -CilonelC/.ovvuki, A 1).C,,('.H. (4zowHkie, Jr., Hon. 
 Mr. Justice G Wynne, Rev. R. H. '.'arris, A. H' r.,<iM, J. Cr. HodginK, lil^D., Sir 
 Hugh Hoyleu, N. W. Hoylew, W. H. Ho-vijind. Rev. HeptiuiuH JonoH, M.A., 
 J. K. Kerr, il-C, Sheriff JarviH, Rev. J. V. .iowlri. Win. Magrath, J. Herhert MuHon, 
 W. R. Mulock, Gw). Needier, Rev. l)i. O Meaia, W. A. Pailane, Rev. W. H. RaiuH- 
 ford, B. A., Rev. A. Sanson, T. Sutherland Htayn(>r, Rev. J. 1*. Siieraton, H. A., Rev, 
 J. S. Stou*. His Honor Judgo Soott, Kivas 'J'uUy, C.E., and Dauiol Wil«on, LL. I). 
 
40 
 
 PliOTBSTANT EPISCOPAL DlVIJflTY SCHOOL. 
 
 ■»: 
 
 The Right Reverend The LORD BISHOP OF TORONTO. 
 Ohainnan— The Hon. Vice-Chancellor Blake. 
 
 The Very Rev. H. J. Grasett, D.D., 
 
 Dean of Toronto. 
 The Rev. S. J. Boddy, M.A. 
 
 T. C. Des Barres, M.A. 
 " Septimus Jones, M.A. 
 F. W. O'Meara, LL.D. 
 AlexauJer Sanson. 
 " Principal Sheraton, B.A, 
 
 The Hon. Edward Blake, Q.C. 
 Robart Baldwin, Esq. 
 T. M. Benson, Esq. 
 His Honour J udge Boyd. 
 A. H. CampbeH, Esq. 
 
 
 B. H. Dixon, K.N.L. 
 Lieut. -Colonel R. B. Deniaon. 
 Clarke Gamble, Esq., Q.C. 
 F. W. Glen, Esq. 
 R. T. Gooderham, Esq. 
 -Lt. -Colonel C. S. Gzowski, A.D.C. 
 J. G. Hodgine, Esq., LL.D. 
 W. H. Howland, Esq. 
 N. W. Hpyles, Esq. 
 Sheriff Jarvis. 
 J. K.Kerr, Esq., Q.C. 
 Prof. D. Wilson, LL.D. 
 
 Treasurer— B. H. Dixon, K.N.L. | Secretary -N. W. Hoyles, Esq. 
 
 i&mxktiX : 
 
 The Rev. The Principal, Chairman. 
 The Rvjv. Septimus Jones, M.A. 
 The Rev. Alex. Sanson. 
 The Hon. Vice-Chaucellor Blake. 
 
 A. H. Campbell, Esq. 
 W. H. Howland, Esq. 
 N. W. Hoyles, Esq. 
 
 S;cHrhitt0 cftttff: 
 
 ./principal — Rev. James P. Sheraton, B.A. 
 '■- "" Old and New Tettament Exiyttica — Rev. James P. Sheraton, B.A. 
 HonUletiet and Pantoral Theology— ice v. S. J. Boddy, M.A. 
 Apvlogetict — Rev. Septimus Jones, M.A. 
 Ecclesiastical History and Lituryics — Rev. J. S. Stone. 
 Systematic Theuloffy—Kev. James P. Sheraton, B.A. 
 Hebrew — Professor Hirachf elder. - - 
 
 Elocution — Mr. Richard Lewis. 
 
 The Protestant Episcopal Divinity School of Toronto is intended to 
 provide for the training of theological students in accordance with the 
 principles of the Reformation, as otubodied in the Articles of the Church 
 of England, and thus to send forth men ctiUod of the Holy Ghost to 
 preach the Gospel ; men of Evangelical Faith, of sound churchmanship, 
 and of genuine Catholic spirit ; men who know and love and will pro- 
 claim the simple truths of the Gospel, and are determined, witli St. Paul, 
 
 to know NOTHING BUT ChRIST AND H.IM CrUUIFIKD. 
 
 The DisTiNcnvE Principles of this School, which will l>e insisted 
 upon in the instruction given, are — 
 
 1. The Bible, the Sole Rule of Faith ; i" opposition to the error 
 
 that would make the Bible and tradition the joint rule of laith. 
 
 " Holy Scripture containeth ail things iiocosaary to sah. .tloi>, m that 
 whatsoever is not read therein^ nor may be proved tliereb i, is t'j,. U- b« 
 retj[uired of any man, that it should iw boliovod as an art, .!o ■»♦' Uio faith, 
 or bo thought rwquisito or necessary to mxWuAiou." ~Artii;le VI. 
 
 
PROTESTANT EPISCOPAL DIVINITY SCHOOL. 
 
 41 
 
 
 
 to 
 
 10 
 
 to 
 
 IS 
 o- 
 
 or 
 »t 
 
 2. Justification by Faith in Christ alono ; in opposition to the sacra- 
 
 mentarian system. 
 
 " We are accounted righteous before Ood, only for +;he merit, of our 
 Lord and Saviour Jesus Christ by Faith ; and not for our own works or 
 doservings. Wherefore, that we are justified by faith only, is a most 
 wholesome c!octrine, and very full of comfort, as more largely is ex- 
 pressed in the Homily of Justification." —^rfic^e XI. 
 
 " The Sacr;/ments were not ordained of Christ to be gazed upon, or 
 to be carried about ; but that we should duly use them. And in siich 
 only as ouwihily receive the same [that is with ' a lively and steadfast faith 
 in Christ ou** Saviour,' — Communion Service,^^ they hav§ a wholesome effect 
 or operation ; but they that receive them unworthily, purchase to them- 
 selves damnation, as St. Paul saith." — Article XXV. 
 
 3. The Sole and Ezchsive Priesthood of Jesu£! Christ ; in opposition 
 
 to the sacerdotal assumption which would convert Christ's ministers 
 into an order of sacrificing and mediating priests (Upcts.) 
 
 " The only priests under the Gospel, denominated as such in the 
 New Testament, are the saints, the members of the Christian Brother- 
 hood. As individuals, all Christians are priests alike." " The most 
 exalted office in the Church, the highest gift of the Spirit, conveyed no 
 sacerdotal right which was not enjoyed by the humblest member of the 
 Christian community." — Garwn Liyhtfoot, Lady Marga/ret Pro/jswr of 
 Divinity at Cambridge. 
 
 Corap. Hooker, B. V. c. LXXVHI. 
 
 " The word Priest, as used in the Prayer Book, is $yrMnyrrious with 
 and is but a cmitraction of, the word Presbyter." — Bishap Mcllvmne. 
 
 i. The real presence of Christ by faith in the hearts of worthy re- 
 '^,T)ients of the Holy Communion ; i" opposition to th? figment of His 
 
 pren^'ince corporally or spiritually on the communion tablej under the 
 ' T' -L of bread and wine, after the consecration of the elements. 
 
 "No adoration is intended, or ought to be done, either unto the sac- 
 ramental breau >r winu, there bodily received, or unto any corporal pre- 
 sence of Christ's natural Flesh "nd Blood .... the natural Body and 
 Blood of our Saviour Christ are in Heaven and not here." — {Nok at md 
 of Conmunion Semce.) 
 
 ^* If a man .... by any other just impediment do not receive the 
 sacrament of Christ's Body and Blood, the Curate shall instruct him 
 that if he do truly repent him of his sins, and steadfastly believe that 
 Jesus Christ hath suffered death upon the cross for him, and shod His 
 Blood for his redemption, earnestly remembering the benefits he hath 
 thereby, and giving Him hearty thanks therefor, he doth eat and drink 
 the Body and Blood of our Saviour Christ profitably to his soul's health, 
 although he do not receive the Sacrament with his mouth." — (liitbrio in 
 Communion of the Sick.) 
 
42 
 
 PROTESTANT EPISCOPAL DIVINITY SCHOOL. 
 
 " The Body of Christ is given, taken and eaten in the Supper only 
 after a heavenly and spiritual manner. And the mean whereby the 
 Body of Christ is received and eaten in the Supper is faith." — Article 
 XXVIII. 
 
 5. The Chnrch of Christ is the " Holy Catholic Church."— (Cree^.) 
 " The Holy Church Universal." — {Prayer for Church Militant and Litcny.) 
 " The mystical body of Christ, which is the blessed company of all 
 faithful people." — Communion Service. 
 
 "The true Church is an universal congregation or fellowship of God's 
 faithful and elect people, built upon the foundation of the Apostles and 
 Prophets, Jesus Christ Himself being the head corner-stone." — Homily 
 for Whitsunday. 
 
 " Before all sermor , ' res, and homilies, the preachers and minis- 
 ters shall move the pev. o join with them in prayer in this form or 
 to this effect, as briefly vu.1 conveniently as they may : Ye shall pray 
 for Christ's Holy Catholic Church, that is, for the whole congregation of 
 Christian people dispersed throughout the whole world, and especially 
 for the Churches of England, Scotland, and Ireland." — Canon XV. 
 
 ^ 6. *' The visible Church (visibilis ecclesia) of Christ is a congrega- 
 tion of faithful men, i^i which the pure word of God is preached, and the 
 sacraments be duly ministered according to Christ's ordinance, in all those 
 things that of necessity are requisite to the same." — Article XIX, 
 
 7, An Historical Episcopate, traceable to apostolic direction, as con- 
 ducive to the well-being but not necessary to the being of the Church ; 
 in opposition to the dogma of a tactual succession, *' a fiction," asserts 
 Dean Alford, " of which I find in the New Testament no trace." 
 
 Upon these Fundamental Truths Evangelical Churchmen and ihe 
 Sacei-dotalists are now at issue. 
 
 ,. ! 
 
PROSPECTUS 
 
 OF 
 
 THE EVANGELICAL CHURCHMAN. 
 
 • A FAMILY NEWSPAPER. 
 
 The object aimed at, by the promoters of this enterprise, is to provide, 
 for the members of the Church of England, a paper which shall unflinch- 
 ingly maintain the principles of the Church, as established at the Re- 
 formation. Their earnest desire is to tread in the " good old paths ;" 
 and to "contend for the faith which was once delivered to the saints: " 
 that faith which the Bible makes known to us ; and for which the Mar- 
 tyrs of our Church bled and died. , > 
 
 The Evangelical Churchman will maintain the doctrines and dis- 
 cipline of the Church of England ; resist all innovations and novelties in 
 her pure and scriptural rites and services ; and zealously contend for the 
 scriptural doctrines embodied in her Articles, including the doctrine of 
 man's corruption, salvation by grace, justification by faith only, and the 
 necessity for sanctification. 
 
 The aim will be to make the The Evangelical Churchman a reli- 
 gious periodical that can safely be placed in the hands of young and old, 
 and to furnish a family paper, fit to be welcoflied in the Christian house- 
 hold for Sunday, as well as week-day reading. 
 
 We shall endeavour to encourage a missionary spirit ; and to this end 
 every exertion will be made to give a general idea of the work done 
 throughout the world, but especially in Canada, in the missionary field ; 
 with particular attention to the mission work, and fresh openings for 
 missionary exertions in connection with our own Church. 
 
 Sunday School and other work of a practical kind will also receive 
 special prominence ; and an attempt will be made to direct the atten- 
 tion of young and old to whatever can be done in the way of active, 
 earnest labour in the cause of Christ throughout our land. 
 
 Another object specially kept in view will be to supply appropriate 
 religious' reading. Selections, carefully gathered from the writings of 
 the ablest and best-approved divines and Christian laymen, will *'oriu a 
 marked feature in the paper ; along with reviews and notices of books 
 adapted for attractive and profitable reading in th«? family circle. 
 
 In the work thus proposed, hearty co-operation is invited from all 
 who desire the success of the principles which it is designed to promote. 
 Many can aid by furnishing religious intelligence fn)m their neighbour- 
 hood J by supplying original contributions on topics suite*! for a roligi- 
 ouH paper, or appropriate selections and extracts which have been read 
 by tnemselviBS with profit. 
 
 All can aid with their prayers, that this oflfort may bo conducted 
 
 E^- 
 
44 
 
 THE EVANGELICAL CHURCHMAN. 
 
 
 ar' 
 
 throughout in a right spirit, to a successful end ; that the glory of God 
 and the true interest of His Church,may ever be kept in view as the ob- 
 ject to be attained ; and that the means thus employed, may be blessed 
 to the maintenance of the great principles established at the Reforma- 
 tion, to the salvation of souls, and to the extension of our Blessed 
 Saviour's Kingdom on earth. 
 
 Owing to the dissolution of the Church Association, it became neces- 
 sary to place the publication of the paper on a new basis and a company 
 has been formed, and the necessary steps have been taken for obtaining 
 its incorporation. The payment required on each share is only $10, and 
 all friends of the paper are invited to take stock, but above all, to exert 
 themselves in increasing its circulation, which, by a little effort on the 
 part of each subscriber, might be easily doubled and thus place the paper 
 on a secure and permanent basis. \Ve wish every Churchman would 
 not only ask himself the question, what can I do for the paper, but 
 would answer it by giving his assistance in helping to extend the prin- 
 ciples upon which the paper is carried on : 
 
 1. By SubscriLing Himself. — Subscription consists of two parts 
 — the one the giving your name, the other remitting the amount you 
 desire to pay. 
 
 2. By finding out how many of your friends or neigh- 
 bours are without a church paper, urge them to subscribe, and, 
 having obtained their names, stir them up to begin, among their various 
 circles, the work of obtaining subscribers, and let them send us speedily 
 the result of their labours. 
 
 3. By writing short pithy letters on topics of the day, and 
 church work in the neighbourhood. These add mach to the value of a 
 paper. 
 
 4. By taking the trbuble of sending us a short account 
 of any church news from your neighbourhood, so that all may 
 be stirred up to greater exertion by the account presented of what may 
 be doing throughout the land for the cause of Christ. Try and give 
 such practical suggestions as will enable others to follow out the course 
 which has proved beneficial in eradicating some evil, awakening reli- 
 gious feeling, or strengthening those that stand. 
 
 5. By remembering that a church newspaper, worthy of 
 the name, will, if distributed, give you an opportunity through its 
 columns of presenting the Gospel to absent friends and relatives, in 
 whose breast you desiro to kindle or keep alive a sense of the spiritual 
 life you desire them to live. 
 
 6. Ask God daily to bless this newspaper enterprise, and 
 to enlighten the understanding, and strengthen the hands of those en- 
 gaged in it, that it may be conducted in a proper spirit, and to the glory 
 of Him whose great name it is intended to honour. 
 
 Letters from those desirous of subscribing for The Ea'^angelical 
 Churchman (price $2.00 per annum, or $8.00 for a club of five, payable 
 in advance^ can be addressed to the Publishers, Messrs. Hunter, Rose 
 & Co., 25 Wellington Street West, Toronto. 
 
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