IMAGE EVALUATION 
 TEST TARGET (MT-3) 
 
 // 
 
 ^ 
 
 
 1.0 
 
 M 12.5 
 
 1^ 
 tit 
 
 1^ 
 
 £«.■ 
 
 2.2 
 
 I.I f.-^ lyg 
 
 m 
 
 11:25 i 1.4 
 
 1.6 
 
 . rnc 
 Sci^ces 
 Corporation 
 
 fV 
 
 ^ 
 
 S 
 
 a? 
 
 s> 
 
 '<b 
 
 V 
 
 
 >. 
 
 o\ 
 
 23 WEST MAIN STREET 
 
 WEBSTER, N.Y. 14580 
 
 (716) 872-4503 
 
 
' /,^ Ml? 
 
 CIHM 
 
 ICI\/IH 
 
 Microfiche 
 
 Collection de 
 
 Series 
 
 microfiches 
 
 ({Monographs) 
 
 (monographies) 
 
 Canadian Institute for Historical Microreproductions / Institut Canadian de microreproductions historiques 
 
Technical and Bibliographic Notes / Notes techniques et bibliographiques 
 
 The Institute has attempted to obtain the best original 
 copy available for filming. Features of this copy which 
 may be bibliographically unique, which may alter any 
 of the images in the reproduction, or which may 
 significantly change the usual method of filming, are 
 checked below. 
 
 n 
 
 Coloured covers/ 
 Couverture de couleur 
 
 Covers damaged/ 
 Couverture endommag^ 
 
 □ Covers restored and/or laminated/ 
 Couverture restauree et/ou pelliculee 
 
 □ Cover title 
 Le titre de > 
 
 Cover title missing/ 
 
 ! couverture manque 
 
 
 Coloured maps/ 
 
 Cai tes geographiques en couleur 
 
 Coloured ink (i.e. other than blue or black)/ 
 Encre de couleur (i.e. autre que bleue ou noire) 
 
 n 
 
 □ Boun 
 Relie 
 
 D 
 
 Coloured plates and/or illustrations/ 
 Planches et/ou illustrations en couleur 
 
 Bound with other material/ 
 avec d'autrns documents 
 
 Tight binding may cause shadows or distortion 
 along interior margin/ 
 La reliure serree peut causer de I'ombre ou de la 
 distorsion le long de la marge interieure 
 
 □ Blank leaves added during restoration may appear 
 within the text. Whenever possible, these have 
 been omitted from filming/ 
 II se peut que certaines pages blanches ajouttes 
 lors d'une restauration apparaissent dans le texte, 
 mais, lorsque cela etait possible, ces pages n'ont 
 pas ete filmees. 
 
 L'Institut a microfilm^ le meilleur exemplaire qu'il 
 lui a eti possible de se procurer. Les detail: de cet 
 exemplaire qui sont peut-£tre uniques du point de vue 
 bibliographique, qui peuvent modifier une image 
 reproduite. ou qui peuvent exiger une modification 
 dans la methode normale de f ilmage sont indiquis 
 ci-dessous. 
 
 □ Coloured pages/ 
 Pages de couleur 
 
 □ Pages damaged/ 
 Pages endommagees 
 
 □ Pages restored and/or laminated/ 
 Pages restaurees et/ou ptsllicul^s 
 
 Pages discoloured, stained or foxed/ 
 Pages decolorees, tachetees ou piquees 
 
 ^/ 
 
 Pages detached/ 
 Pages detaches 
 
 . I Showthrough/ 
 ^ ' Transparence 
 
 n 
 
 Quality of print varies/ 
 Qualite inegale de I'impression 
 
 Continuous pagination/ 
 Pagination continue 
 
 I I Includes index(es)/ 
 
 n 
 
 Comprend un (des) index 
 
 Title on header taken from:/ 
 Le titre de Ten-tfite provient: 
 
 Title page of issue/ 
 
 Page de titre de la livraison 
 
 □ Caption of issue/ 
 Ti 
 
 n 
 
 itre de depart de la livraison 
 
 Masthead/ 
 
 Generique (periodiques) de la livraison 
 
 v/ 
 
 Additional comments:/ 
 Commentaires supplementaires: 
 
 Pagination is as follows: p. [l96]-230. 
 
 This Item is filmed at the reduction ratio checked below/ 
 
 IQX 
 
 
 
 mine 
 
 14X 
 
 JH ae 
 
 reauc 
 
 uon ir 
 
 loiqui 
 
 18X 
 
 J ciae 
 
 ssous. 
 
 22X 
 
 
 
 
 26 X 
 
 
 
 
 30X 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 / 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 12X 
 
 
 
 
 16X 
 
 
 
 
 20X 
 
 
 
 24X 
 
 
 
 
 28 X 
 
 
 
 
 32X 
 
 
u'il 
 
 :et 
 
 de vue 
 
 e 
 
 tion 
 
 is 
 
 32 X 
 
 The copy filmed here has been reproduced thanks 
 to the generosity of: 
 
 National Library of Canada 
 
 The images appearing here are the best quality 
 possible considering the condition and legibility 
 of the original copy and in keeping with the 
 filming contract specifications. 
 
 Original copies in printed paper covers are filmed 
 beginning with the front cover and ending on 
 the last page with a printed or illustrated impres- 
 sion, or the back cover when appropriate. All 
 other original copies are filmed beginning on the 
 first page with a printed or illustrated impres- 
 sion, and ending on the last page with a printed 
 or illustrated impression. 
 
 The last recorded frame on each microfiche 
 shall contain the symbol — ^ (meaning "CON- 
 TINUED"), or the symbol V (meaning "END"), 
 whichever applies. 
 
 Maps, plates, charts, etc., may be filmed at 
 different reduction ratios. Those too large to be 
 entirely included in one exposure are filmed 
 beginning in the upper left hand corner, left to 
 right and top to bottom, as many frames as 
 required. The following diagrams illustrate the 
 method: 
 
 1 
 
 2 
 
 3 
 
 L'exemplaire filmd fut reproduit grdce d la 
 g6n6rosit6 de: 
 
 Bibliothdque nationale du Canada 
 
 Les images suivantes ont 6t6 reproduites avec le 
 plus grand soin, compte tenu de la condition et 
 de la nettet6 de l'exemplaire filmd, et en 
 conformity avec les conditions du contrat de 
 filmage. 
 
 Les exemplaires originaux dont la couverture en 
 papier est imprim^e sont film6s en commenpant 
 par le premier plat et en terminant soit par la 
 dernidre page qui comporte une empreinte 
 d'impression ou d'illustration, soit par le second 
 plat, selon le cas. Tous les autres exemplaires 
 originaux sont filmds en commenpant par la 
 premidre page qui comporte une empreinte 
 d'impression ou d'illustration et en terminant par 
 la dernidre page qui comporte une telle 
 empreinte. 
 
 Un des symboles suivants apparaitra sur la 
 dernidre image de cheque microfiche, selon le 
 cas: le symbole — ♦► signifie "A SUIVRE", le 
 symbole V signifie "FIN". 
 
 Les cartes, planches, tableaux, etc., peuvent dtre 
 filmds d des taux de reduction diff6rents. 
 Lorsque le document est trop grand pour dtre 
 reproduit en un seul cliche, il est filmd d partir 
 de Tangle sup6rieur gauche, de gauche d droite, 
 et de haut en bas, en prenant le nombre 
 d'images ndcessaire. Les diagrammes suivants 
 illustrent la mdthode. 
 
 1 
 
 2 
 
 3 
 
 4 
 
 5 
 
 6 
 

 ■♦■ oTiSiSi"''*'^ S»a*3a""'^*"'"*'« 
 
 
 -X >r / ^'^^''l^2tltT " '"" ''"^'""'■'''^ "^ « '""'^ >^ "«J opinion, expressed in its Pap 
 
 ers 
 
 DOCUMENTARY HISTORY OF THE FIRST 
 
 SURVEYS IN THE PROVINCE 
 
 OF ONTARIO. 
 
 By J. J. MURPHY. DEPARTMENT OF CROWN LANDS. 
 
 Toronto. 
 
 ,^f.7^^ '^w*^ ^^ ^^^'-'^' ^'^"^'^ ^t Paris on the 7th February. 
 
 tory of Great Bntain fully half a 'continent. On the 7th of October 
 ot the same year a royal proclamation was issued, erecting the gov- 
 ernmen of the Provmce of Quebec, defining its limits aSd provW- 
 
 ^fd otVer '^ ^'""^'.^^ '^.' '1"^^ °^ *he Cr?,vvn to the inha^biSs 
 and other persons who should decide to settle in the province 
 
 of^'he offiT''"" r' "'"J'/^'" '^^^'^^^S the conduct and bravery 
 fl ^l ?5 ',"'," °^ *^'' ^'"^y ^"^ "a^y who had taken part 
 
 m the late war, and the quantities of land which thev were to re- 
 ceive, accordnig to rank, and without fee or reward, were pr - 
 tIa T .°"*" T^'s proclamation was received in Canada in A : 
 1764, but notwithstanding the liberal grants offered to induce setile' 
 ment, nearly t^venty years were to elapse before anv movement was 
 made to colonize that part of the newly acquired territorv. now 
 known as Ontario Up to 1783 the settlements extended very little 
 beyond the city of Montreal in a westerly direction. Various rea- 
 sons may be given for this state of affairs; in the f^rst place, the 
 members of the disbanded British regiments who decided to remain 
 in Canada preferred settling in the inhabited portions of the pro- 
 vince to braving the dangers of the wild Indian regions; in fact 
 settlement in the Indian territory was discouraged until the 
 claims of the Indian tribes were arranged for and ceded Then 
 there was no immigration from abroad. The popular prejudice 
 which prevailed in the Old Country at the time, and which appar- 
 ently has not even to this day been fully dispelled, was that the 
 Canadian climate was "nine months of snow and ice and three 
 months of cold weather." 
 
 But the chief obstacle was, no doubt, the troubles connected 
 with the revolt of the American colonies, which, unfortunately, 
 began shortly after the conquest and continued up to 1783 Dur- 
 mg this time the whole attention of the colonial administration 
 
PAPERS READ DOCUMENTARY HISTORY. 
 
 197 
 
 was fully occupied in preventing the new province from followinrr 
 their example, =• 
 
 With the cessation of hostilities in 1783 and the recognition of 
 the uidependence of the United States, a change took place. There 
 were many of the American colonists who had adhered to the royal 
 cause, and when it became apparent that this cause was lost their 
 hopes were ended. Their homes and property had been confis- 
 cated; they were subject to continuous persecution from the vic- 
 torious party, and were destitute and dependent. A large number 
 of them, therefore, decided to seek a refuge on Canadian soil. Sir 
 Ouy Carleton was then in command of the British forces in New 
 \ork, and Cxeneral Frederick Haldimand Governor-General at 
 yuebec 1 hey took prompt and active measures to provide for the 
 removal of these Loyalists to Canada, and for their settlement on 
 suitable lands of the Crown. In anticipation of their arrival, and 
 without waiting. for definite instructions from the home authorities, 
 Maldimand sent exploring parties to examine the country along the 
 St. Lawrence xvest of Montreal and ^1 the neighborhood of the old 
 l^rcnch fort at Cataraqui. He also gave instructions for the survey 
 of the lands at the last-named place. This letter of instructions 
 rom Governor Haldimand to the Survevor-General, Major Hol- 
 and. was dated on the 26th of May. 1783, and, so far as known, 
 this was the first survey ordered in the Province of Ontario. Major 
 Holland proceeded at once to the locality, began to lay out a town 
 plot, and haying examined the surrounding country and formed 
 his plans for future operations, he returned to Quebec and reported 
 to Governor Haldimand. 
 
 The Deputy Surveyor-General, John Collins, with two assist- 
 ants was sent up and proceeded vigorouslv with the surveys Dur- 
 ing the fall of 1783 and the following vear they surveyed tlie out- 
 lines -of five townships and partly subdivided them. These town- 
 ships, which extended westward from Cataraqui around the Bay ot 
 Quinte, were mimbered consecutively, i, 2, 3, 4 and 5. Thev were 
 aterwards called Kingston, Ernestown, Fredericksburgh \\doI- 
 phustown and .Marysburgh, but were generally known for many 
 years by their numerals. 
 
 Early in the January of 1784 the first band of United Empire 
 Loyalists, under the leadership of Captain Michael Grass, arrived 
 from New \ork and, the following May, they ascended the St Law 
 rence in batteaux, to take possession of the lands which had been 
 surveyed for them. Sir John Johnston and Deputy Surveyor-Gen- 
 eral Colhns were mstructed to proceed with the party and settle them 
 on the l4pds, which were to be drawn for, in order to prevent par- 
 tiality. Mr. v^ollins was also appointed to administer the oath of 
 allegiance. Provisions, seeds and implements were supplied, and 
 energetic efforts were made to have these refugees settled comfort- 
 
A 
 
 198 ASSOCIATION OF ONTARIO LAND SURVEYORS. 
 
 wiehin the boundaries of wh», ■ !t ''?f'='"'' settlemem made 
 
 »ay be jus.,, ctX^e'd tVl fo^uL for^r p°lr/'°' ^^ 
 Prov&'aX" H?;la:" '"^ ff «"7e,o/Grn-rof .be 
 
 great favorite' of Wolfe was witlWn V ™ '°""- ""^ ™^ " 
 
 .he cbse o, J.,e bat. ':„T:i:^t'o™ t^^^ ™°"™'^ " 
 
 ™os."4po;;aC^ofT,r ..T'^e' ' ^'^ ^™T^^ or§u^er"Ti,t 
 
 ColliS" dTpu'* lur've^r-'S'c'Sl S°be"l°""r .'^'l"""""' J°'>" 
 veyors e„,plo,vef at St toe" e ^'p^rid'at^h' ' Se oT -"'^S '"^- 
 
 rXe bltSir-rcb-brs'i^'zVf^'cr.'' '.■.'xi'r" "^ -'^ 
 
 oX"™^l .beoVol r,7,^;,trev 'fd""™'^ '>elo.,^in|to Mr' 
 3-8 in length, .be .It-'ifyi,^,: e';s whh^"' TCTf'ir Sa^'lT' 
 ™e H T' ?° '""r- ■•'"'^ "'"' '""^ '"' astronofuXses 80 fmt 
 F endf 5;,!,''"?,':^;;^ °r ^■•'=°"'' '"^'^ -""^ English cbai, " e 
 
 ^n.;^;-oJ!;:tSSsl:^xi:^^^^^ 
 
 John Collins, 
 
 Deputy Survevor-General 
 
PAPERS RRAD— POCUMENTARY HISTORY; 
 
 199 
 
 partly from the records of the Crown Lands Department, but chiefly 
 from the Hal(hniand Papers in the Archives office in Ottawa Thev 
 are, as far as possifjle, arranged in chronological order 
 
 SUR- 
 
 LETTER EROM GOVERNOR HALDIMAND TO 
 VEYOR-GENERAL HOLLAND. 
 
 Headquarters, Quebec, 26th May, 1783. 
 Major Holland, Surveyor-General : 
 
 c .u^^^ ~'''^ ^} '^ necessary that I should be informed of the nature 
 of the country from the last concessions to Cataraqui, and thence to 
 Niagara on the north side of Lake Ontario, you are hereby directc.l 
 to set ofi mimediately for Montreal, and to proceed to Cataraciui. 
 where you will minutely examine into the situation and state of the 
 pose formerly occupied by the Erench. and the land and country 
 adjacent; considering the facility of establishing settlement there 
 and \he advantages and disadvantages that might attend that mea- 
 sure, all of which you will report to me as soon as possible- and in 
 the meantime, if you f^nd the fort in such a state as is correspon- 
 dent with the views and instructions I have communicated to vou. 
 you will, without loss of time, make application to Major Harris 
 commanding at Carleton Island, for workmen and all other assist- 
 ance in his power to afiford, and also to Major Ross, commandiii"- at 
 Oswego, who has orders, upon your application, to send Lieut 
 1 inhng, acting engineer, and with him such artificers, tools and 
 materials as you shall require, to join vou immediately, ^'ou will 
 dismiss, the Canadian Batteaumen at Carleton Island and procure 
 soldiers or seamen, as you shall think best, to proceed to Cataraqui 
 Having made your observations at Cataraqui and given such 
 directions as you shall think necessarv at that place, vou will send 
 forward the gentlemen who accompanv vou for the purpose of con- 
 tinuing the examination of the country to Niagam, and return vour- 
 self to Quebec without loss of time. 
 
 I am. etc., 
 
 F. Haldimand. 
 
 FROM MAJOR HOLLAND TO GENERAL HALDIMAND. 
 
 Quebec, 26th June, 1783. 
 Sir, — Agreeably to the commands contained in vour Excel- 
 lency's letter to me dated the 26th of last month, I immediately Set 
 off for Montreal, with the two Mohawks, Captain Brant and lohan; 
 there I left them. Captain Brant being unable to proceed from sick- 
 ness. On the 3rd of June Captain LaEorce joined me at LeChine, 
 
Hi, 
 
 200 
 
 ASSOCIATION OF ONTAKIO LAND SURVEYOKS. 
 
 ad we proceeded, with two hatteaux, for Carleton Island. As the 
 tune limited by your -Lxcellency for my return would not permit me 
 
 o make an actual survey of the ungranted lands on the no?th siclc if 
 Wti 1 nil" f? L^;^'^^'"^^' I examined them with attention, and cul- 
 
 et le Ji f, '"f°'-'"^,ti?" I '-'""'^l as to the facility of esiablishing 
 s ttlements there, and 1 found that from the supposed bounds of 
 
 u .eignetirie of Soulange the property of Monsieur de LongueilL> 
 on the Lake St I^rancis the lands are low towards the water side 
 and ht for meadows but at the same distance the soil is exceed- 
 
 the Long Sault no land can be more promising, covered with 
 hne timber fit for building vessels, and in some^places piner es 
 
 ^ 1 ?cV'h,f ;, ^^'f?'' ''"'?^ '^'' L°"^ ^^^"It ^'^^ "ot an inviting 
 to tliat on Lake St. I'rancis. 
 
 There are fine pineries two or three miles from the water's 
 edge where large masts may be procured. 
 
 I'rom the head of the Long Sault to the top of the upper- 
 
 hvornhT ' ' '•'" navigation begins, the couitrv has a n,ost 
 
 nnd rn 1 ^TT'""''"'- ^^'1°"^ ^''"'' ''' Cataraqui the shore is high 
 and rock), but opening here and there into beautiful coves and 
 
 flowJ 'In^r.i V'^'^'r '"^\'"^' ^ '^'^^^ ''''y '"t° fi"^ "'-^tural mea- 
 dows, and though the shore appears rough and uninviting the 
 
 lA IZ\ ""' '""r ^l's?"^'e-fit for all purposes of agriculture, 
 as I Jiave been informed. 
 
 applied to Major Harris to despatch your orders for Major Ross 
 and Mr. rinling. the assistant engineer. On the i2th I reached 
 
 imcH'^'' t"'\,'''?" ''r '"''^"y ^^ '^'^ ^^^'' a"^l entrenchments 
 made there by the French troops.. On the following day my assist- 
 ant proceeded to survey the harbor and Captain La Force to take 
 the soundings. Lieut. Tingling joined me on the 17th, when I 
 
 n?r.""fV-''-^°'''' ''"'^ '"^^'" arrangements for the' re^stablish- 
 nient of this important post, which in every part surpassed the 
 favorable idea I had formed of it. Your Excellencv will perceive 
 '!an this lettT situation by the plans and drawings which accom- 
 
 The vaults still remain entire, with part of the walls of the 
 fort, barracks, etc.. etc., and are in such a state as will contribute 
 
 hel7n7 .T 'r'''"'f ""^ '''. re-establishment. The works or lines 
 egan by the Wench on the commanding grounds near the fort 
 xMll cover a suf^cient space for a town. The harbor is in every 
 respect good, and most conveniently situated to command Lake 
 Ontario. The battetaux men prefer keeping over on this side, 
 as they can follow the shore without crossing to the islands in 
 their course. 
 
^ PAPERS READ— POCUMENTARY HISTORY.; 20I 
 
 Captain Joseph Brant, with several Indians of the Six Ma" 
 
 the?r retnTnThf '?''r '''. ^' ^^" '^'''^'^ ^^'^^^ ^''^^ '^^""try. At 
 hm tnM .7 '''^"'•'""^ '^>''"S anything, concerning the lands 
 
 thellk^'r '''%^%^«°" ^« th^y liave examined the .forth side of 
 the lake they vvdl inform your Excellency of the spot where tlievM 
 choose to fix their abode. For this purpose thev have sent Can 
 Zn^plrT """ '' '"'^ ""'"'^' ^^ accomp^r./X';::!;: 
 
 On the 19th we returned to Carleton Island, where I arranixerl 
 matters with Major Harris, and wrote to Ma or Ross for fi^ftv 
 men from each post, and to transport materials to CaaraJufo 
 
 wh"mTleft"Tr°:'V1[^^T^ "^ '''''' ""^^^ Mr TinHig^ wi S 
 whom I left Lieut. Holland as an assistant, who was desoatched 
 to forward materials from Oswego aespatcnecl 
 
 Captain La Force, Mr. Cotte, and Mr. Peachy proceeded to 
 
 survey the north shore of the Lake Ontario all th^e wav to \il- 
 
 gara having received my instructions for that purpol ^ On the 
 
 yelterda" "' '"" ^''"''^°" '^'^"^ ^°^ Q^^ec' wler^- 1 arJi '^S 
 
 I have the honor to be, etc., 
 
 Samuel Hollaxd. ' 
 FROM MAJOR HOLLAND TO GENERAL HALDIMAND. 
 
 Near Quebec, loth July, 1783. 
 My Dear General,— I should not have been - antinp- in 
 sending your excellency those volumes of Pre Charle,' which 
 make mention about Cataraqui before now; if the se'onc Volume 
 had not been lent out in town, which was only retur, ;nast niX 
 1 he. first mentiomngs made by this author is in volume thl' 
 second page 244 and 245. when the first project wa ma e n e 
 year 1672, to take post there by Monsieur de Courcels and Is 
 successor Count Frontenac, built the fort. Page 372 in 'he same 
 volume I IS metnioned that in the year 1688 the Iron ois formed 
 a blockade. Page 406 to 409, the same volume, it was proposed 
 to be abandoned, but opposed by Count Frontenac though ^t 
 vvas evacuated in 1689. In the third volume. pagr222 to 227 
 the fort IS retained by Count Frontenac against^he ad ke of 
 everybody, and well executed by Monsieur Crvanthu in ti^^ 
 
 on the fort, IS situation, and road to it. Page 301 in the slme 
 volume P. Charlevoix mentions his arrival and leav g Catara 
 couy I have only sent those three volumes, which hive anv reh 
 tion to Cataracouy, and marked those pages menSe.1 kw- 
 
20J 
 
 ASSOCIATION OF ONTAKIO LAND SUKVEYOKS. 
 
 Your Excellency will perceive through the whole the importance 
 oi this post, which hy this present Revolution is hecome nearly of 
 the same consequence as it was in the times of Count I'Vontenac, 
 or rather to the time of Monseiur de Montcalm (htfore he took 
 Oswego), which induced him to take possession of the command- 
 ing ground ntar it, by which he would have covered the fort and 
 would havr taken in a sufficient space for a town. Your 
 Excellency will he convinced by the plan which I had the 
 honor of transmitting to you that if those lines are judiciously tlis- 
 ])osed of it n)ust i)erpctuate Fort Haldimand, at Cataracouy, to all 
 posterity, to which none shall be more happy to contribute to than, 
 
 My dear General, 
 , Your Excellency's most obedient and most obliged 
 
 humble servant, 
 
 Samuel Holland. 
 
 His Excellency the Commander-in-Chief. 
 
 1-ROM CAPT. MATHEWS TO MAJOR ROSS (OSWEGO. 
 
 Major Ross: 
 
 Headquarters, Quebec, 28th July, 1783. 
 
 Sir,— By order of His Excellency the Commander-in-Chief 
 I transmit to you the enclosed sketch and explanatory letters for 
 a township His Excellency has in contemplation for Cataraqui. 
 The hurry of business in which the General is involved by the 
 departure of the German troops prevents his entermg fully into 
 this matter at present, but that no time may be lost in taking every 
 preparatory measure, His Excellency desires you will have the sur- 
 vey mentioned in Major Holland's letter immediately taken,, and 
 that you will transmit it to him with every additional remark that 
 shall strike you as useful inforniation on this occasion. 
 
 His Excellency is further pleased to direct that all buildings 
 and materials that can be with propriety removed from Carletou 
 Island for the use of the new post and to put the stores, etc., under 
 cover in case of evacuation this fall, be particularly attended to, 
 which His Excellency desires you will communicate his wishes on 
 this subject to Major Harris, for his mutual assistance in this as 
 well as all other circumstances that can facilitate the speedy estab- 
 lishment of the post at Cataraqui. 
 
 I am, etc., 
 
 ;- * , R. Mathews. 
 
 T. S. — His Excellency not having yet received the least infor- 
 mation or instructions concerning the settlement of Loyalists in 
 
 
PAJ'KRS RtAD— UOCUMENTARV HISTORY. 
 
 303 
 
 this Province, and having it only in view to place them' in such 
 situations as apijcars to him most eligible, desires you will not 
 mention anything of the present scheme to any person whosoever. 
 
 R. M. 
 FROiM MAJOR HOLLAND TO GENERAL HALDIMAND. 
 
 Nrar Qi-EUix-, 23r(l July, 1783. 
 
 Sir,— As your Excellency was pleased to desire mv thoughts 
 on the situation for a town on the liarb(jr of C.ataraqui, 1 Imve 
 made a sketch of its environs, which J. have the honor to join, 
 and for tbe illustration of this subject I have been obliged to take 
 the liberty to adopt names to the several places which must come 
 in question. The peninsula on the east side of the entrance of 
 Cataraqui harbor seems to me a most advantageous place for the 
 pur^jose, as vessels (sufficient for the navigation 111 those parts) 
 may lay in safety most all around it, with the help of some small 
 wharfs, may lay to load and unload with great conveniency. At 
 Point Frederick a proper space. A, for a fort, with a convenient 
 distance for an esplanade, B, should be reserved, which may serve 
 as well for military use as for a market place. The principal 
 streets should run through the middle from the fort to the neck; 
 a convenient space for a street or landing must be reserved on 
 both sides the town along the waterside. At Point C a proper 
 space should be reserved for batteries and naval purposes, with 
 sufficient space on the neck D, where in time fortifications for the 
 security of the town may be constructed. At the same time I 
 must recommend to your Excellency's consideration that a com- 
 mon for the feeding of th - cattle belonging to a town is of the 
 greatest benefit to its inha' ; .mts, and if a N. W. line is drawn from 
 the head of Hamilton Cove to Cataraqui Harbor I think a suffi- 
 cient tract will remain for that purpose; if not. Cedar Island may 
 be included for that purpose. If your Excellency is pleased to 
 approve of what I have the honor to represent, it will be neces- 
 sary that an exact survey be made and laid down by a scale of 
 fifty or sixty feet to an inch, aud to ascertain the exact breadth 
 of the ground. Avenues should be cut through as marked on the 
 sketched plan E F, where some of the principal cross streets must 
 fall ; and on the neck marked G H it will be also necessary to have 
 cuts through for the same reasons, as the ground intended for the 
 town is only wanting on a large scale. The commons may be 
 laid down by a scale of 100 feet to an inch. 
 
 I beg leave to submit the whole to your Excellency's consid- 
 eration, and have the honor to be, etc., 
 
 Samuel Holland. 
 
204 ASSOCIATION OF ONTAKIO F.ANO SURVKY(JRS. 
 
 FROM MAJOR ROSS TO CAI'TAIN MATHEWS. 
 
 Cataraqui, 31st July. 1783. 
 
 Sir,— Th€ contrary winds made it impracticable to remove 
 the troops from Oswego until the 28th instant, as the vessels did 
 not arrive sooner, but everything being in readiness no time was 
 lost, and we arrived here the 30th, in the morning. 
 
 I have perused with attention the instructions given to Lieu- 
 tenant Tingling by Major Holland, which shall be strictly adhered 
 to, and were it not for a scarcity of masons I should hope in a 
 very short time to have the honor to inform His Excellency of 
 everything being finished accordingly, 
 
 There is a very advantageous place for building mills about 
 five miles from this fort, but nothing more can be done than to 
 collect and prepare materials until a millwright arrives. Please 
 present the enclosed sketch to the General. 
 
 The iron-work, etc., arrived yesterday. 
 
 I have the honor to be, etc., 
 
 (Signed) John Ross. 
 
 FROM MAJOR ROSS TO GENERAL HALDIMAND. 
 
 Cataraqui, 3rd September, 1783. 
 
 Sir, — Agreeable to your Excellency's orders of the 20th of 
 July, I have the honor to transmit the survey directed; exclusive 
 of the survey I have taken every necessary 'height and distance, 
 and with as much accuracy as possible have endeavored to examine 
 every part that conies within the scale of useful information. 
 
 Your Excellency did me the honor to require my remarks on 
 this occasion. With due submission I shall endeavor to explain 
 matters to the best of my humble judgment. If I have presumed 
 to diflfer from the plan laid down by Major Holland, it is from this 
 circumstance that both the engineer and myself are of opinion that 
 the old works or the ground contiguous to them cannot be well 
 fortified, being commanded from a rising ground at the distance 
 of point blank cannon shot. 
 
 The next object which strikes me is the high land above Cape 
 Henry at A, elevated above the surface of the water upwards of 
 one hundred and twenty feet. This place I take the liberty to 
 say is eligible ground to fortify, and place my ideas accordingly. , 
 
 I have sounded the harbor in Haldimand Rav. where there 
 is water suflficient. Point Frederic!:, being subjected to an advan- 
 tageous cannonade front the west side of Cataraqui Harbor, may 
 I then take the liberty to say (although no town can be placed here 
 
f'AI'EKS KEAD — UOCUMKMTARV HISTOKY. 
 
 ao5 
 
 secure from l)unil)ar(l.nf,it) that the land on casi side of lialdi- 
 mand Cove is preferable for a town, where, I think, there is sut«- 
 cient si,ace under the guns of the supposed fort at A. At H the 
 naval i)urposes may he executed, where wharfs can conveniently 
 «i!ir<^TM . ^''^'' the liberty to propose this place be;ng the safest 
 s de of the bay for anchorage, and as it is the additional breadth of 
 the pomt distant from the land on the west side of Cataraciui liar- 
 bor, may be judged a proper place for store-houses. 
 
 Ihe town common, as before described, the land is not arable, 
 
 ulrsL^f T ^' ''''ru^' ^"^ "'^y ^^" f^"" l'^^^""-^- ^'''^^' island is 
 perfectly barren. These are all the remarks which 1 shall take the 
 
 hberty to present to your Excellency at present, and will con- 
 clude with this observation, that the high ground at A is most 
 respectable— it commands Hamilton Cove, Cedar Island, Point 
 Henry Haldimand Cove, Point Frederick, Cataraqui Harbor, an ' 
 even the old fort is not secure from thence. 
 
 I would have caused the survey of the fort and this side of 
 Cataraqui Harbor to be added to the plan sent, but as it would 
 have occasioned a delay and Mr. Tinling informs me that vour 
 lixceilency is already furnished with one, thought it best not to 
 w'ait. 
 
 I have the honor to be, etc., 
 
 John Ross. 
 
 GENERAL HALDIMAND TO MAJOR ROSS. 
 
 Headquarters, Quebec, 
 
 ■Air r> 7th September, 1/8?. 
 
 Major Ross: '/•.'> 
 
 Sir,— This will be delivered to you by Mr. Collins, whom I 
 send, with proper assistance, to Cataraqui, in order to survey and 
 mark out the settlement intended at that place for the refugee 
 Loyalists. I enclose for your information a copy of my instruc- 
 tions to Mr. Collins, by which you will perceive that it is my inten- 
 tion to have the lands distributed in townships containing lots of 
 120 acres, which will be useful to you as a general answer to appli- 
 cations which may probably be made for particular spots or quan- 
 tities of land. 
 
 Capt. Laforce, Capt. Sherwood and others skilled in land, 
 and the principles of colonization accompany Mr. Collins. They 
 have also a number of men in order to cut down and square timber 
 to make a beginning; and it is very probable that some of them 
 may choose to winter there. Should that be the case, I wish them 
 to set down upon the ground intended for the town, and small 
 lots to be given to them on the common, in order to clear it as 
 
206 ASSOCIATION OF ONTARIO LAND SURVEYORS. 
 
 soon as possible. Any persons so settling may obtain leases for 
 thirty years (as expressed in the instructions), but ir they should 
 not choose ^o take leases upon those terms, and notwithstanding 
 to hut themselves for the winter, they must sign agreements to 
 relmquish their lots whenever they shall be required so to do. 
 
 You will give the necessary directions for victualling the Loy- 
 alists that accompany Mr. Collins, and as they are chiefly artificer's, 
 such of them as shall not be wanted on the survey, you will employ 
 as you shall see necessary in forwarding the establishment of the 
 post. Any tools, nails, etc., that they may want you will supplv. 
 If you have them, or otherwise by requisition to Carleton Island 
 trom any department where they are to be found 
 
 am, sir, etc.. 
 
 F. Haldimand, 
 
 FROM GENERAL HALDLMAND TO JOHN COLLL\S. 
 
 John Collins, Esq.: 
 
 HeadquaI^ters, Quebec, 
 
 nth September, 1783. 
 
 Sir,— It being my intention to establish settlements for the 
 provision of part of the distressed Loyalists resorting to this Pro- 
 vince at and in the neighborhood of Cataraqui, upon Lake On- 
 tario, you are hereby directed to proceed to that place without 
 los.s of time for the purpose of surveying and laving out the sev- 
 era^ lands in townships and lots agreeably to the following instruc- 
 
 1. You will make an exact survey of the neck intended for 
 the town lot describing and expressing the nature of the ground 
 and soil, and if Point Frederick is not commanded from Point 
 Henry on both which places sufficient spaces for fortifications 
 must be reserved. 
 
 2. A't the west side of Cataraqui Harbor the ground near the 
 fort and within the lines (as marked in the plan A. B, C) must 
 remain to the Crown for the use of the garrison, and as a place 
 of resort for the Indians, where some of the most noted niight 
 bo allowed to build, reserving sufficient spaces round the shps 
 (Where vessels were formerly constructed) unincumbered with 
 buildings. 
 
 3. Thonf,h a common, containing about 400 acres, must be 
 reserved for the use of the town, leases mav be given for a term of 
 years, not exceeding thirty years, to settle there, as the people for 
 the present will be glad to b<^ as near the town as possible, and the 
 common will be cleared by the time the town will be in want of it 
 
PAPERS READ — DOCUMENTARY HISTORY. 
 
 207 
 
 ■ 
 
 ■' 
 
 4-. The method of laying out townships of six miles square 
 1 consider as the best to be followed, as the people to be settled 
 there are most used to it, and will best answer the proportion of 
 lands I propose to grant to each family, viz.: 120 acres, of which 
 SIX are to be m front, which will make 19 chains ni front and 63 
 chams 25 hnks m depth, so that every township will have 25 lots 
 m front and four chains 75 links will remain for roads, with 7 con- 
 cessions in depth. Fifty-eight links will remain for a road, by 
 which distribution each township will contain 175 lots of 120 acres. 
 
 For your assistance in the execution of this business you will 
 be joined at Montreal by Capt. Sherwood and Lieut. Cotte and 
 also by Mr. Grass, captain of one of the companies of militia 
 intended for that settlement, and these gentlemen will be attendcfl 
 with axemen, etc., proper for that occasion. 
 
 ^You will begin your survey by a township on each side of 
 the bay, and transmit it to me, * ether with your remarks, report- 
 ing to me in the like manner fi<..n time to time the progress you 
 shall make. 
 
 As it is not improbable that in exploring these lands some 
 of the persons employed may make choice of particular situations, 
 and make preparations accordingly, to prevent which vou are to 
 signify to them that my intentions are to distribute the lots impar- 
 tially by drawing for them, and that all timber cut down this fall. 
 or any log houses they may choose to make and reside in until 
 the settlements shall be regularly granted, will not be considered 
 as any right of such persons, but entered as a temporary begin- 
 ning, and should any of them prefer remaining there this winter 
 to returning to Sorel. may have lots of four acres marked out for 
 them in the common, which they will enjov for thirty years, as 
 before mentioned, by which means whatever work is" done will 
 forward the clearing of the common and be for the public good. 
 The officers commanding at Carleton Island. Cataraqui, or anv 
 post you "shall have occasion to call at are heieb- directed to 
 aflford you every as_sistance in their power, whether 'in provisions 
 or otherwise, for the speedv and efifectual execution of these 
 instructions. 
 
 Wishing you success, etc., 
 
 F. Haldimand. 
 
 FROM GENERAL HALDIMAND TO JOHN COLLINS. 
 
 Headquarters. OuEREr, 
 John Collins, Esq.: 15th September, 1783. 
 
 Sir, — Since your departure from Quebec I have received 
 letters from Major Ross which induce me to change the situa- 
 
208 
 
 ASSOCIATION OF ONTARIO LAND SUKVEYOKS. 
 
 to of the proposed township near Cataraqui, and to desire it 
 
 " etch'ofth:? " • ^°"' ^^T7' '" ^^P^^'" "^^^^ i endose you a 
 sketch of that ponit, copied from that Major Ross sent me, and 
 
 I des.re you will begm by opening a large avenue fronT Pohit 
 Henry m a direct line towards the high ground marked 122 S 
 above the water and near D, and on fhe line I would cut severa 
 other avenues, all at right angles therewith, as the line n pencU 
 shows; but in doing this and every other service, yo nust^con 
 Sve'/ou!'' '° '"''' ^'^''■' ^' ^'J^'" ^°^^ niay 'thinrproper To 
 
 I am, sir, etc., 
 
 F. Haldimand. 
 
 FROM GENERAL HALDIMAND TO MAJOR ROSS. 
 
 Quebec, September 15th, 1783. 
 
 sketrh''!;rL'-^rj^''^'''^'' ^°"' l^**^' °^ ^^^ 3rd instant, with the 
 sketch of Point Henry, etc., and am vtry much obliged to you 
 for the trouble you have taken to examine the ground near Cata- 
 
 nTZ tirT^^ ^Pf?7^ °^ >'°"r '^^^ °^ changing the situation 
 of the town to Point Henry, and have given my orders to Mr 
 Collins accordingly, subject, however, to any alteration which 
 you may think necessary, and, in case of any future discovery of 
 situation, proper to be fortified you will preserve such an extenl of 
 ground round them as you judge proper, and communicate to me 
 your ideas concerning them. 
 
 In a few days Lieut. French, of Major Jessup's Corps, will 
 leave Montreal with a party of Loyalists, to examine thl gr^at 
 River Ottawa, and when at a proper distance to endeavor from 
 thence to fall upon Cataraqui. When they arrive you will supply 
 them with everything they may want and provide them with the 
 nieans of returning to Montreal as soon as possible and 
 
 in order more fully to accomplish my intentions on tiiis' point I 
 could wish you would send some small party with savages soine- 
 where near the same road, but they should be accompanied bv 
 an intelligent person, who v oukl keep a journal of the distances 
 and the course they steer, with every other necessary remark 
 Our plans of this country are very imperfc-t. Arcordinr to them 
 ] should conjecture that due north from your post the great river 
 lies about 150 miles distant. I mention this, but have no doubt 
 that the savages are much better acquainted with the distance than 
 we are. 
 
 .u . Fu^'Tt^I''^' ''^■P'^'"^ ""! ^''' J""^'" Johnson I have reason to expect 
 that the Mohawks and some other tribes of savages will establish 
 themselves near the Bay of Kintie, and I understand it is their 
 
PA^fc^S READ — DOCUMENTARY HISTORY. 
 
 209 
 
 Wish to have the LoyaHsts in their neighborhood. All which I 
 think, will be an advantage by rendering the settlement respect- 
 able, and consequently secure. The only difficulty seems to be 
 giving uneasiness to the Missisagues, as they claim the northern 
 part of Lake Ontario, to avoid which I have directed Sir J John- 
 son to treat with them on this matter, and if necessary to make 
 such purchases as the King^s service may require, which he tells 
 me will easily be accomplished. 
 
 I am, sir, 
 Your most humble and most obedient servant, 
 
 F. Haldimand. 
 
 FROM MAJOR ROSS TO CAPTAIN MATHEWS. 
 
 Cataraqui, 2nd October, 1783. 
 
 Sir,— Mr. Collins arrived here last night with Capt. Sher- 
 wood, by whom I had the honor to receive His Excellency's direc- 
 tions. Accordingly I shall be extremely happy to contribute as 
 much as in my power to expedite the business they are sent upon 
 
 1 am glad we have anticipated His Excellency's intentions in 
 sending those gentlemen, from which view I have employed my- 
 self from time to time traversing the lands adjacent, and cutting 
 almost all the paths and avenues about this fort which become 
 necessary to render a proper and speedy information to His Ex- 
 cellency. 
 
 The Indians have not as yet been advised on this occasion. 
 1 am doubtful they will mak» more difficulty than Sir John John- 
 son imagines; but still I hope of no great moment or importance 
 1 have had no rum to give them since my arrival to which thev 
 are absolutely devoted. Any little I have given them as yet has 
 been my own, but it has been but trifling. 
 
 ^ The troops will be in barracks in a few days, and I have 
 informed the commissary that he may direct the transport of pro- 
 visions to this place when he pleases. Storehouses are in great 
 forwardness. ^ 
 
 I have the honor to be, etc., 
 
 John Ross. 
 
 FROM JOHN COLLINS TO GENERAL HALDIMAND. 
 
 Cataraqui, October 2nd, 1783. 
 Sir,— I have the honor of your Excellency's favor of the isth 
 September, by which I observe the change your Excellency directs 
 
210 
 
 ASSOCIATION of' ONTARIO LAND SURVEYORS. 
 
 railed ™f;:X^V° :!l:;-',r™\?' ''-,?™^''iP -- Ca,. 
 Icncy may rest asstir^rl T i n T '^^^J^'" ^^^^s- ^our Excel- 
 particular "* ^ '''^" ^°"^°™ "^y^elf to them in every 
 
 Sherlc^;^:t:^l-,P:2^i;^>;^in| m^ompany with Captain 
 clay since I left Ouehen T ^^"^.^'^^^ ^ad weather ahnost every 
 l-n. my instruJtioT^s He adv^edlhaT ""'T .""T ^"^ ^^^^^^ 
 townships were not vet purd/ased from Tu '^'' ^""^'•^ P^«P««^^ ^«^ 
 a few days till that was done nf ! ^ ^^^ '^''^S:es I should stop 
 in for that purnose Tn th ' ^ ^'"■'''" '"^' ^^"t to bring them 
 
 surveying th'ar^aTironng^heTkeTndti;'"!! ^T^°>' '^'^'^ ^^ 
 mended by your Excellenfy ' ^'^ °^^'"' ^"''"^^^ ''e^om- 
 
 I have the honor to be, etc., 
 
 John Collixs. 
 FROM JOHN COLLINS TO GENERAL HALDIMAND. 
 
 Cataraqui, 3rd November, 1783 
 
 ExcS^^^'onl'andTof'^f;'^ ' ^^ \' '''' '-"- °^ 3-ur 
 weather w'ith you has been similar o 'T' ^" ^''^'^^ ^ fi"^ the 
 the low lands on tbeZlu ° f'""^ '''^ '^^^^ had here. All 
 
 are covered wki wat^h^Tcr'''"'^' '^'' '°""^'">- ^'•■^^""^•^ with 
 progress. All have been able toT'h' ^\^''^'^' ^^ '''^'^ «"'• 
 survey of one townshin tZ nlln ^' •'^'" ^° complete the 
 
 honor' to transmit to your Eiellencv h??h'- '' "'"^^ ' ''^'^ ^'^^ 
 plan of Point Henry surveve? hi A^r. V A' ^^^^^yance, with a 
 such remarks as I Eew.Mnrr; \\- ^''"^' accompanied with 
 constantlv c nployenn 1 at J,.-' '^'"'^'^'-u/^''- ^^"^ has been 
 sets ofj to-moV ow w?th clJ IT ''"'f ^'' ^'""^^l here, but 
 
 to lay out a seS towL^ which ITh^' T' "-^^'^ '" ^'^'^^ 
 first. The lands betvveen th^ T ^^ ^ ^^'^ ""^^^ above the 
 
 vation. Your Exce llencv w 1 1 T ^"^. ''T^^ ^"^^ ""«* for culti- 
 Ihave laid out t on the'^s 'lidlTh' p-°^''^ '^^' '^^ ^«^^'"^hip 
 
 on the east side, b^ck 0I St^Henry' brCap^ Sh''"' V'' '''''' 
 are stonev and harrpn o«.t "'/^''"ry, py L.apt. bherwood's report, 
 
 could be L'nd ft or„r^i,"°'bTcr„*hf h ^'" " '^°'7 «°°<^""' 
 bation of Major Ross m^i Lrn.'i" ^ -'P""' "'"' ""= ^PPro" 
 the east side the river "' ''^'"f' °"' " '"wnship^n 
 
 Pioye^t: tT™?r1vai"'Here Stt": "iZ T ^™^'='""^ ^ 
 the cmintrv on thi- ^^^^11 . ifu ^"^^^ "^^""° '" exploring 
 
 the honor 'to enclose '' ^ '■'''^'' '^^ ^'^'^h 1 have likewisl 
 
;a- 
 ry 
 
 in 
 
 fy 
 
 id 
 Dr 
 
 'P 
 11 
 
 n 
 
 1- 
 
 PAPERS READ — DOCUMENTARY HISTORY. 211 
 
 Mr. Holland, from indisposition, has not been able to attend 
 me as yet but will, I expect, in a few days. In the meantime, 
 your Excellency may rest assured that I shall exert my best abili- 
 ties in complymg with your wishes and in expediting this business 
 as ast as possible. At the same time am very much afraid that it 
 will be greatly retarded from the badness of the weather. 
 
 I have the honor to be, etc., 
 
 John Collins. 
 
 FROM MAJOR ROSS TO CAPTAIN MATHEWS. 
 
 Cataraqui, 3rd November, 1783. 
 
 , . ^^^'~^ ^^^^^ *^^^ honor to receive your letter of the nth 
 ultimo The lands have been purchased from the Missisagoes, 
 which bargain was much facilitated by an old chief of them whose 
 usual residence is in Canada, but happened to be here at the time 
 His name is Mynass, has been in Europe, is now an old man 
 and expects, as he really deserves,' that his services on the occasion 
 will be considered by Sir John Johnson, to whom he is recom- 
 mended. 
 
 As soon as the purchase was made, which (up the lake) ex- 
 tends about forty-f^ve miles, I sent some officers of the garrison 
 to explore the country. They report that the lands in general are 
 of a most excellent quality, easily cleared and intersected with 
 rivers on which are several falls where mills can conveniently be 
 erected. ^ 
 
 I am much obliged to His Excellency for the order on Carlo- 
 ton Island for rum. Such is the nature of the Indians here that 
 If their services are wanted they are exceedingly covetous, but 
 If they are not employed seldom ask for anything. As the latter is 
 mostly the case at present, a very small quantity of rum or provis- 
 ions will satisfy them, both of which shall be managed with the 
 greatest economy. Indeed of late I have greatly weaned them 
 rom both and without any discontent. This nation in peaceable 
 times will be very little expense to Government 
 
 The party which went to meet Lieut. French returned some 
 days after his arrival here. They travelled about sixty miles, nearly 
 a nor hern course. The lands in general are of a better auality 
 than those reported by Lieut. French on the banks of the River 
 (Tanenencui, which he has described as very barren. They did 
 not touch upon that river— the Indians would go no further 
 
 Ihe weather has been exceedingly bad here lately— very un- 
 favorable for carrying on the works, and in particular for Mr. Col- 
 lins operations. 
 
m i.> 
 
 212 
 
 A.S.SUC,AT,0N OF ONTAKIO LAND SU„V,.VOKS. 
 
 fan 'S Jhe'bTdles'rofXt'iLCr '"^^ """ «-""' "- 
 vented. Lieut Brp« nr.f j ^^^atlier has in some measure nre 
 
 of the men s^nt ^"(^aXnr T.^isT^ff"^ "^"^^^ afterTaX; 
 write for him. especiaUy as there Li """^ *^^'" ^^^ ''^erty to 
 here at present. ^ ^' ^^^'^ ^'^ »° many people employed 
 
 such as hld^^miSn'^/g^l^fj^th^^^ obhgations from 
 
 I have the honor to be, etc., 
 
 John Ross. 
 
 ^^^^-AoS^^^E^'^^ir^^^r^^ OF EXPLORATION 
 TO THE BAY OF QmNTE. ^^^ ^'^- i^^^ANCIS 
 
 -en'ofthi^King^^I^n^^^^^^^^ ^''l ^-t. Johns and two 
 
 the Loyal Rangfrs; pTofeeded u7L r'^ -^" "^ 
 
 boa . 23rd. Arrived at the vvest Ld nf t "^t" c'' Lawrence in a 
 ;s about sixty-five miles from Montrea JSu\ ^'^'''^'' ^^ich 
 10 go by land three miles back fromth!' -^ ' ^^"* ^"^ a party 
 niiles up the river and there wait foT tt h^f u? '^ P""^"^^ ten 
 evening at Mille Roche, eigMeen mi J' n / ^^ encamped this 
 he party joined us. Tl ey Cort T^tfU^ """^ ^^^ ^^^'- ^ere 
 rom the water, and that theTa^nd is a1 th^ '""VT ""'^« ^ack 
 they ever saw, it bein^ a h ar k .1 "^'^^ °^ *'^^ ^est quality 
 
 stones ledges or svvanfps The timber'^f"^'^' '"^L'-^'^' ^''^ ^^^^^ 
 exceedingly large and tall It is a n^x „ t 17 *^'"' ^"^ S''^^^^ 
 basswood, butternut, white oak h,Vi! ^ of beech, maple, elm. 
 land is exceedingly 0^^ an'. In 2'' ^f^ '^"^^ P'"e. The 
 number of fine^ Islands "n L rjfer^'hl^":?' ^"^^ ^'^^^ - a 
 scarcity of water back from the rivir ' i;;h S ''f '^ ' ^'''' 
 to go by land, and proceeded \h^I' a ^^- ^^"^ ^"^ a party 
 brought us two leagues abovPth -"^f^r ^^^ '^agues. which 
 
 party who went byTa^d jotd , ^ ^The "^""^ ^°" ^^^^ ^he 
 two eagues back from the river that Th7l "T"' '^^ ^''^>' ^^"t 
 ceedmg good, the soil blac^ aAd dLn ^""^ /' ^" *^^^ ^^ay ex- 
 the timber the same in qualitv as If' TT^ ^''^^ ^'^^ ioam. 
 Johns, who was one of the partv sfvf I '"^ yesterday. Lieut 
 fine a country of land for aM lZ7' f ^^ ^^ ."^^^'" before saw so 
 large creek w'hich :mptvs in' t V veH^T;! "^^'^ ^^^-^^" 
 Sou; about two miles uo thi; thZJ ^ ""^ *''^ b'^ad of Lonj? 
 
 and falls for mills. surroTnded bv^'a Z yovJ ?"^"^'^"^ ^^^^ 
 oak timber. -^ ^ ""e grove of pme and white 
 
m »^^ 
 
 PAPERS READ— DOCUMENTARY HISTORY. 
 
 213 
 
 26th and 27th. Proceeded to the head of all the rapids about 
 twenty-eight niiles. This place is called La Galloo.n. and is a lo 
 thlTJ'v^"''Kf^^ Osvyegatchie. I sent otit frequ;nt partie a 
 aualitT^f fh ^^^T\'";^ '^'''' '■'P°'"*^ ^" ^Sr^' "^ the excellent 
 f.. 'uL^ '^"-^ "^^"'^ '' •" ^'"^'■^' ^« above described, and the 
 
 :"c"ediL^y%Zi:""^^^^^^' ''''' '"^ ^^'^"^^' ^^- -• -^' ^-.b- 
 
 .n .nfi' '■ ^'.^'^^^'^r^ fi^,^ L^ag"es. The land in this distance is not 
 so good as above described, it being somewhat stony, but the soil 
 is deep and rich and may be cultivated to great advantage On 
 
 ?om"thtLiwJ 'c?;^ r' '" 'if T'' ^" ""' '''''' -^y best^iualTty 
 fiom the Lake St. Francis all the way up the river, twelve miles 
 above Oswegatcha, and vvould admit of at least twelve town^'i^ps 
 wn, 1 h.7iy' K^'? s;x niiles square, but the six lower townships 
 bener la^d'^'i^erLa" '''''''- '''''''' ' ^'""^ ''^'^ ^"-^ '^ 
 
 trr. ^?^^' / '^"^ ^^l^^ ""^^ '"''^'^ ''^^ '^^y^ provision to go by land 
 fiom two leagues above Oswegatcha to Cataraqui. 
 
 of isllnlk ^f^ ^""'n'^ ^' ^^'i'*^" ^''^"''- There is a vast number 
 ot islands betvveen Oswegatcha and this place, but in general they 
 appear to be barren rock, excepting one called Grenadier Island, 
 which appears to be line land. ' 
 
 fr. ,wf\ ^''" .^''";;^d,at Cataraqui. I came from Carleton Island 
 to this place in a bark canoe and crossed the island called Long 
 Isle; this appears to be very good land, nearly equal to the LonS 
 hou. and from every information I can get from my own people 
 and others who are good judges of land, I am persuaded here 
 of the Porta 7'^ "" townships, one east and the other west 
 
 2nd, 3rd and 4th Went to view the land from Cataraqui to 
 i5i_x Nation Bay. which is about seven miles west. This township 
 will in general be stoney on the lake, but about a mile back the 
 land is good especially up Little Cataracqui, and between that and 
 Six Nation Bay the land is verv good. 
 
 6th. The party who came by land from two leagues above 
 Oswegatcha joined us at Cataraqui, where they report that for 
 the first SIX miles of their march the land would admit of a toler- 
 able good settlement; that this township will be watered by three 
 tine creeks, on one of which is a good place for a mill, about two' 
 miles from the lake; that all the rest of their march, within five 
 miles of Cataraqui. the land was exceeding bad, being a constant 
 succesion of stoney ledges and sunken swamps, altogether unfit 
 for cultivation, for three miles at least back from the lake: that on 
 the east five miles next to Cataraqui the land was broken, but in 
 many places was improvable and would admit of scattering set- 
 tlement. This day I went with the boat to view the land all the 
 
2J4 
 
 ■\SSOCJATIOK Ol- 
 
 ^'•VTAKIO LAND SL/RVEVOHS. 
 
 way to tlie Hay Oiiinfo w r 
 
 as ui • !".'^'^'^ t° '^^^ fifteen miles Ti 1 ^'''.^' '^'^ ^'""'(1 see 
 oth Tr "^"^ 'o the lake '^ ^"^' ^^^^ ^^^^^nce due 'south 
 
 'o.h. Returned ,n Cahramn ' " '"' 
 
 nth W f '""'''raQUi. 
 

 PAPERS READ— DOCUMENTARY HISTORY. . 215 
 
 el^r au T . 1 ' 1^"'' ^'^' ""^'^ -'^"vcucnt place for nulls 
 
 i ever sau. 1 he land fn^n Cataraqui is for five miles down broken 
 and s oney, but n.terniixed with grades of choice ^oc^d an mVl 
 
 ship tu'Sen^hr;"; •■ ^^ ?'^ ^^^1^^" '^ '"^>- '- '^^^^^n' 
 cTu ! n f 1^ "'"'^ •""' •^•'^^^^^ «"^ Wherever the good land 
 
 an be tound, for ,f they are laid and drawn f,jr in a re-ndar for 
 .any n,en would get lots that would be worse than n on l-r 
 hs township to the R.ver Cadanockui the land is altogetl er unfi 
 lor settlement, bemg one continued bed of rocks. wiUi nte va 
 of sunken spruce swamps two miles from the lake. 1M ere nm t 
 a Sood farm on the east side Cadanockui Kiver. Tl ctc is hree ' 
 <lchghtful httle islands near its mouth, but i,i genera the ad is 
 \ery bad on each side this river. 
 
 . , V^^'V/^'^^V"'^'^ *° Catarockui, and on our wav exnlored the 
 island Ihis begms six miles below Cataracqui. is ab ut even 
 
 :::^i:z:sn:''^ '"''-' '-' '- ^^'--^ ^^ -^^ «- '-'^>- ^^ 
 
 T u ^'^^^^'u ^'^^■"t E'lsign Rothem with the boat to land Lient 
 
 tv o? Zt "7' r "'' °' '!"' ""-'' °' ^"•"^^' '' ^he western ext em- 
 
 V ot the late Indian purchase, from whence he is to proceed with 
 
 o men one days march north, then east until he falls n v 
 
 he Cataraqu, River, then down the river to the garrison Ensign 
 
 hoth,m IS to explore the land three miles back from the bav from 
 
 where he lands Lieut. Johns to the east and west angle ' 
 
 15th. I went with two men in a bark canoe up Stonev Creek 
 with an intention to find its source. This stream is viy pt're 
 ^^ater, and so rapid that we were many times obliged to w^de to 
 our knees and draw the canoe for an hour at a time. VVe pro^ 
 ceeded up m this manner for a day and a half, which brought us 
 about SIX miles north from the lake. For one mile from t^en out^^ 
 of this creek the land is broken and stoney, but then I egins ie 
 
 iS^g'sdu" ' "' ''' "P "' "" ""^^ "'"^^^>' "^ ^1"^^^^^ "« the 
 
 ( .u^^^u ^^'^ ^^^^ '" the river prevented our proceeding anv 
 further by water We took out the canoe and I went nor^th ^ 
 land for about three miles, which brought me in sight of a ake 
 
 V de buf rLl ' ''\"^" "'■ "i^'^' "^'^^^ '°"^ -^^' ^'-"t half a 
 TT T I ^^'^^.\«""l<en marsh prevented me from going to it 
 Here I began with my compass to take the angles of ^his serpen- 
 
 \rJ7nL^''"'"r^ "' '';' '"''""'" ^'^'" ^"^'^^ to angle, and found 
 It as follows:— From the great swamp next the small lake the 
 creek runs west 4 deg. south two miles, then south-west one mile 
 then west three-quarters of a mile, then south twenty rods then 
 south-vyest ten rods, then south ten rods, then south-west eighteen 
 rods, then south-east twenty-five rods, south-west twentv-seven 
 
IJ/*' 
 
 216 
 
 ASSOCIATION OF ONTAKKJ LAND SUKVEYOKS. 
 
 
 east forty-five rods, west fifteen de^ no^r'thc^ ro I ^t' f" 
 ten rods west eighteen deg. north ufen^y dghfrocb l.u Mw^ 
 five rods, south-east eighty rods, north-east ninety K^dsc^s^tlfv" 
 rods nortli-east twenty-two rods, ease thirty-tlLe r^^ds' nortl^ 
 
 fi^er:oi':outh"thV.^?^^-r ''^- "°^^'^^^^" rodsrsourrast 
 
 • , "f c 1' thirty-two deg. east ninety rods, south twentv 
 
 lods south-east sixty rods, south 44 rods, south seven SJeereast 
 one hundred rotls. south-east fifty-six rods. A this Ltance everv 
 ang e m the river forms the most beautiful bows of proper ^^ 
 and of the richest soil and the upland back for two n^les on each 
 s de of the river is o the best kind. Here the river ns t° rouS 
 
 feet f^p^S^tl^ '''''t' ^"'^ '? ' ^^" "•"'^•^ is Xut'sTvf n 
 
 nf M^ ' *'''^" south-east eighteen rods, a very rapid cur- 
 
 ent, then south seventeen degrees east thirty rods to anothe cata- 
 
 act which falls at least twelve feet, then south twelve Sees e^^t 
 
 ™s t rib?'''/'"" '""^1^ r ^^^ ^°^« t° the momh o^the river 
 
 ihis IS a noble stream, and should be iri the centre of the second 
 
 township and the lots be laid east and west, bounded on eacIsiSe 
 
 1 1 T' *'"? ^'/^' "P the Bay of Quinte as I have been 's Vood 
 
 and suflficient for four townships; th? tongue between the bav and 
 
 the lake, two townships; the Isle Tonte, one; 11^^ Island 
 
 nvo; so that from Cataraqui eighteen miles into Bay Qui"ne a d" - 
 
 wn'f 1 ^h°"Vl"rty-eight miles, we have ten townslii^ ndudt^g 
 
 two islands), the lancj in general nearly equal to that on the Lonf 
 
 Sou, and the climate much preferable. ^ 
 
 20th. I returned to Cataraqui. 
 
 23rd October Ensign Bothem returned, and reports that after 
 anding Lieut. Johns and party at DeMulekHouse.'^he proceeded 
 to explore he country from said house on the east side of tTe Bav 
 Quinte back to its mouth, and finds the land in general to be of tS 
 best quality From the entrance of this bay it befrs o sm?th of ve t 
 eighteen miles to a point which he calls oak point here it tu n tn 
 the east of north about three miles; then a bay about a m wide 
 puts m near three miles to the east; about three miles still no t^h 
 puts in a second bay to the east near four miles. From this Sv 
 which IS about one mile and a half wide, they proceeded stilnS 
 abpnt three and a half miles to a third 'bav.^feartvvo me vide 
 U ich Mr Bothem judged to be about ten miles long. 1 eadng 
 south-east from the mouth to the head. From the head of th s th"rd 
 bay he marched due south about two miles, which brought 1 imo 
 tlie lake near one mile east of the entrance, or mouth, of Bav Ouinto 
 There is a number of fine creeks put into the heads of the'^above 
 n,ent,oned small bays, which forms the most beautiful land 1-. ever 
 
 I 
 
 f 
 
1 
 
 PAPERS READ— noCUMENTARY HISTORY. 217 
 
 ^1,^^.1' '""i/'^'^^^.wJth my tour up Stonev Creek (wliicli puts into 
 tlie lake twelve miles west from Cataraqui), it apDears that b lu .n 
 UeL^::T T' ""■ ""^^^^ ""^ ^'•^-" frin/thc^ilcn of this cr k 
 
 si^^ro^^^^/Xr^LtT^^^^ 
 
 J. SllliKWooi). 
 
 To John Collins, Esq., ^^^''"' ^°>'''^' ^^^"S'^^^^' 
 
 Deputy Surveyor-General. 
 
 LIEUT. JOHN'S JOURNEY THROUGH THE wnnn 
 la^OM BAY QUINTE TO CATARAim. ^° 
 De Mulak House, 19th October, lyH^ 
 
 south-west wi m.rnh ''^"'^Z"^""' ^hc uorth-east and ran to the 
 
 pair ofTaMs on th^ vt ' X^^^rtS t^T' T' ^ ^'l' ''^ 
 hip-h T-Vnm fi,of , J"^'s^^' "lem to be about eight feet 
 
 October 20th. We continued our course four mile.- fi, 
 heM, ;„ h'' h" ^'"-"^''f "'='■>' S°od fa"^ for n I Vve'jZed 
 
 rJ^"pJL^,trwV'^aSerr;i;?^ra„T'\vs^ 
 
 latcame from the nor.h-oas, and runs ^,^1" ' ' ^y rSLS 
 up the rwer about one mile, in hopes to find a forrl hnt fi i 
 
 ™,; r. t «™„ti.::: rtr h'rd';^^.:';^'^,!-; ^"r-:"" 
 
 a ri ^r 'ra^' o 't^thr ^""'"■""" "»"' ™^ -'" ^i>^" " e 1^ 
 » S ^ , "'"" ^'"'"'^ "■«''• Poliowed that for one an 
 
 a half nnles and encam.^ed. Good land the day thron»h 
 
2l8 
 
 A^M MTloN Ol ONTARIO LAN0 SURVBYORS. 
 
 ajftl, h being a stormy day, lay still. 
 
 24/)'. We uia'le a raft and crossed the creek. Wt iud.a>d the 
 creek to I.. ,h.m ,0 yards wide. U'e then continued iur^cour c 
 east ami n,ar ..rd our and a half mile., and .truck a river "la? 
 canie frcn th. nmh af,d ran to the south, on vs. -h there isVood 
 
 u .;/.•'.[■ 1 ^^' r'^'''^ '^'' ^^•'^ *« '^^ ^''^''^t feet. From that 
 we suKk a large cedar swamp in about three and a half miles, 
 ul ch caused us to turn our course more to the .lorth-east, which 
 
 TZi'nH%i'' r'''''.,^^°"\''^'''' ^"^' ^ •^^'^ '""^^« '"Id encamped, 
 i he land the day through very bad, being nothiuLMjut cedar 
 swamps and stoney ridges, but a number of beautifuf^prings run- 
 nnig from the feet of the ridges. 
 
 25th We continued our course east and marched about four 
 miles and struck a small creek that came from the north and ran 
 
 the road that leads from Cataraqui to the mills above 
 
 ■'**• J. Johns, 
 
 Lieut. K. R. 
 
 A'ESCrlPTIONS OF THE TOWNSHIPS WEST OF 
 CATARAQUI WHICH WERE OUTLINED BY THF 
 DEPUTY SURVEYOR-GENERAL (COLLINS) DUrI 
 ING THE FALL OF 1783. AND SUB-DIVIDED 
 DURING THE FOLLOWING YEAR. ^^^^^-^^^ 
 
 TOWNSHIP NO. I (KINGSTON). 
 
 A township or tract of land six miles square, lying and beintr 
 in the Province of Quebec, situate on the north side of Lake On- 
 Ifirio, near the ancient Fort Frontenac, beginning at a stone boun- 
 dary standing south 49 degrees, west two hundred and twentv 
 perches from the west angle of the said fort, and six perches froni 
 the bank of the lake, runs due west, crossing the mouth of the Little 
 Cataraqui six miles to a stone boundary standing six perches from 
 the bank of the Bay Tonegeyon; and from thence due north, 
 crossing the head of the Bay Tonegeyon, and a .mall creek that 
 <hscharges itself into the said bay, six miles to a stone boundary 
 and from thence a due east course, passing through a low country 
 six miles to a stone boundary standing on a 'hill twenty-eight 
 perches from the main branch of the little River Cataraqui- and 
 from thence due south rossing the main branch of the little River 
 Cataraqui and two otl. ;.v,'anches that discharge into the said 
 river, terminates on th^ n >. . . ^nk -J Lake Ontario at the first sta- 
 tion, including twenty-- h.tt- h' \;^and and fortv superficial acres 
 of land, the greater part 01 Much apperr Lo be of an excellent 
 quality, fit for the proau'.iion oi wheat, oats, Indian corn hemp 
 
I'Al ERS UliAU— UOCI II N TARV IIISTORV. 
 
 319 
 
 R. 
 
 Hk'l'orv'.f 1^' T''' ''"'"■■ /^"'!^" ''"'''^' *" K^"^''-«' ^'^ '"«Pl<=. bass, 
 paits from two and a halt to three feet diameter 
 
 11ns township hatli a great many advantaKes on account of 
 us sttnat.on having Lake Ontario on its fro.n. All ,he!nm!l ay 
 ahord good harbor for boats, and the lake aboiuuis with Jrta 
 
 0% e toNurU?'" •'^^:'r^"''--^" '"^'^ t''^' '•'^^^' to the n ,,.er bonnda J 
 
 J. Com. INS, 
 ' ^^ S General. 
 
 ICWNSHIP NO. 2 (EKNKSTTOWN, SO CALLED AFTER PRINCE ERNFST 
 EIGHTH CHILD OF GEORGE III). ' 
 
 Surveyed according to the above scheme or plot hercui.to 
 
 annexed, a township or tract of land of si.x miles square situate 
 
 on the north side of Lake Ontario, bounded in front by the said 
 
 ake and in depth by the ungranted lands belonging to the King 
 
 o. the east by the ungranted lands as aforesaid, and on the west In 
 
 d.rTTnT '^ T '^' »^'"" ^''- ^^' beginning at a stone boun- 
 
 dary, and runs up the lake south 59 degrees west six miles, to a 
 s one boundary; from thence along a line of marked trees, north 
 nrty-one degrees west six miles, to a stone boundary; and from 
 thence along a line of marked trees north fiftv-nine degrees east 
 SIX miles, to a stone boundary; thence south' thirtv-one decrees 
 
 Trf f^."" '' V^-'^ ^''' ''^'r^' "^-'btding twenty-three thousand 
 and forty superficial acres of land, which appear to be eciual in 
 cjuahty to the best lands in America. The w'oods the same'L de- 
 scribed in No. I. Surveyed the 7th day of November. 1783." 
 
 lOVVNSHIP NO.-3 (afterwards CALLED FREDERICKSBURGH, AFTER 
 FREDERICK, DIKE OF SUSSEX, NINTH CHILD OF THE KING), 
 
 Surveyed according to the above scheme or plot hereunto 
 cnnnexed. a township or tract of land situate on the north side of 
 Lake Ontario, bounded in front bv the said lake, and in depth by 
 the ungranted lands belonging to the King; on the east by No 2 
 and on the west by No. 4, beginning at a stone boundarv standing 
 thirty perches from the bank of the lake, and runs up the same 
 south hfty-nine degrees east six miles to a stone boundarv standing 
 on the north bank ji the Bay of Quinte; from thence along a line 
 of marked trees nonii ihiiiy-one degrees west, crossing a large bay 
 six miles and one hundred and forty-one perches to q stone boun- 
 dary; and from thence along a lin'e of marked tr^ north fiftv- 
 
220 
 
 ASSOCIATION OF ONTARIO LAND SURVEYORS. 
 
 i. ( i 
 
 11 
 
 rine degrees east six miles to a stone boundary standing on line 
 No. 2; thence down the said line south thirty-one degrees east 
 six miles and one hundred and forty perches to the first station. 
 The quality of the land and woods the same as described in No. i. 
 Surveyed the 12th day of November, 1783. 
 
 J. Collins, 
 
 D. S. General. 
 Assisted by Capt. Sherwood and Lieut. Kotte. 
 
 lOWNSHIP NO. 4 (aDOLPIIUSTOWN, CALLED AFTER TJIE DUKE OF 
 
 CAMBRIDGE, TENTH SON OF GEORGE III., AND 
 
 FREDERICKSBURGH, ADDITIONAL). 
 
 Surveyed according to the above scheme or plot hereuni . 
 Jinnexed, a township or tract of land situate on the north side of 
 the Bay of Quinte, bounded in front by the aforesaid bay, and in 
 depth by the ungranted lands belonging to the King; on'the west 
 by the bay aforesaid, and on the east bv the division line that 
 divides this township from No. 3. ; ' 
 
 Beginning at a stone fixed on the north bank of the Bay of 
 Ouinte, the upper boundary of No. 3, and runs up the bay the sev- 
 eral courses of the water to the west point or peninsula of land that 
 lies between the said Bay of Quinte and Savannah Bay; thence 
 crossmg Savannah Bay north fifty-one degrees east seven hun- 
 (Ired and fifty-nine perches to a stone boundarv standing in the 
 line of No. 3 ; thence down the said line south thirty-one degrees 
 cast five miles and two hundred and eighty perches to the first 
 station. Surveyed the 15th day of November, 1783. 
 
 J. Collins, 
 
 D. S General. 
 Assisted by Capt. Sherwood and Lieut. Kotte. 
 
 MINUTE OF A MEETING OF THE COUNCIL HELD ON 
 THE 14TH APRIL, 1784, IN THE CASTLE OF ST 
 LOUIS. QUEBEC, TO CONSIDER THE ALLOT- 
 MENTS OF LAND TO REDUCED OFFICERS DIS- 
 BANDED SOLDIERS AND LOYALISTS. 
 
 GOVERNOR HALDIMAND'S SPEECH. 
 
 " Gentlemen,— I have assembled you this day as the King's 
 Council, in order to comnumicate to you two additional instruc- 
 tions which I have had the honor to receive concernmg the allot- 
 ments of lands within this Province to be made to reduced ofificers, 
 disbanded soldiers and Lovalists, 
 
 I 
 
PAPERS READ — DOCUMENTARY HISTORY. 
 
 221 
 
 Previous to the receipt of these instructions I had ordered the 
 tmconceded lands above and below Quebec to be explored by 
 proper persons, and I have had the satisfaction to receive from 
 theni such favorable reports as induce me to hope that his Majesty's 
 gracious intentions towards the Loyalists will be fully answered 
 1 he measures taken for the settlement of the Loyalists in this Pro- 
 ymce are proof of His Majesty's determination to retain and de- 
 fend It. 
 
 " The Surveyor-General, with his deputy and other persons, are 
 employed in making out plans of Seigniories agreeable to the in- 
 structions. When they are finished I shall assemble vou again. 
 
 ' Upon this business, in the meantime, the instructions, with 
 extracts of two letters from the Secretary of State relating to them, 
 fchall remain m the Council Office for the perusal and considera- 
 tion of the members." Read His Majesty's instructions, dated St. 
 James, the iCth of July, and another dated the 7tii of August, 
 1783. Read also extracts from two letters from the Right Hon- 
 orable Lord North, one of His Majesty's principal Secretaries of 
 btate, to His Excellency General Hald^mand, dated Whitehall 
 24th of July and 7th of August, 1783. Ordered thai the instruc- 
 tions and extracts remain in the Council Office for tho perusal and 
 consideration of the members of the Council. 
 
 EXTRACT FROM HIS MAJESTY'S INSTRUCTIONS TO 
 HIS EXCELLENCY GOVERNOR HALDIMAND 
 DATED ST. JAMES', THE i6th DAY OF JULY, 1783! 
 
 Whereas, many loyal subjects, inhabitants of the Colonies and 
 Provinces now the United States of America, are desirous of retain- 
 ing their allegianr ^o us, and of living in our Dominions, and for 
 this purpose are disposed to take up and improve lands in our 
 Province of Quebec, and being desirous to encourage our said 
 loyal subjects in such their intentions, and to testifv our approba- 
 tion of their loyalty to us, and obedience to our Government, by 
 allotting lands for them in our said Province; 
 
 And whereas we are also desirous of testifying our approba- 
 tion of the bravery and lo\alty of our forces ser^'ing in our said 
 Province, and who may be reduced there, by .allowing a certain 
 quantity of laud to such non-commissioned officer and private 
 nun of our said forces who are inclined to become settlers thereon. 
 
 It IS our will and pleasure that immediately after you shall re- 
 ceive this our insructions, you do direct your Surveyor-General 
 of Lands for our said Province of Quebec to admeasure and lay 
 °u \f j*^^ ^ quantity of land as you, with the advice of your Council 
 shall deem necessary and convenient for the settlement of our said 
 loyal subjects and the non-commissioned officers and private men 
 
\ 
 
 \ 
 
 222 ASSOCIATION OF ONTARIO LAND SURVEYORS. 
 
 parts of the same as shf 11 beTppHeT "'r hv /°" ?^^" ^"°* ''''^ 
 subjects, non-commissioned offi?er and nH^.^"^ °^ T '^''^ '°>'^' 
 reduced as aforesaid, in the folTow ng^ o^/c^^tn^ th/ 'f '''''''' 
 To every master nf a far,-,;i, ^"&,i'^'^P°"'ons> that is to sav: 
 
 for each Per/o„ „,'X!,r .Jr^f^^ JlL'll tit?"' "''' '"'^- ^"- 
 To every sinffle man. fifty acres 
 
 Quebec, Uvo^n'Xdacrer'"" """"^ °' °" '°-« -"-ed in 
 
 an,, tor :::? s™,;? ;;;:;;■ ,?;^,;«i,- 1;:;-'- o-e .n„K,r«, acre. 
 
 A true extract, 
 
 H. AIot;?. 
 
 DATED ST. ,\^^s^, r''u7^r^^^av'h''f/sf^''^^ 
 
 .™in vested S „s, ou7he T a„3 stce's'sors'"!"'"''?''' ?"," '° ■■'^- 
 commissioned officers and nriv,,!. < ' ,'° ^"'='' °' "le non- • 
 
 .educed in onr said Province °"'' '°'''''^'' "'" »!"" b^ 
 
 And whereas we are demVnnc r^( 4-^ *t • 
 
 XrU^onlT^Sin-tSHr-^^^^^ 
 
 the following proportioi? that is to sav' °"' "' '''°'''=™''' '" 
 
 To every field ofiRcer 
 
 To every captain. ■ . . ■ j^qoo acres. 
 
 To every subaltern, 'staff* and' war'rant 'officer ?^ 11 
 
 cfficersllan Consist- '' ""^ '''' ''''' P^-°" ^^ -h^ch' ^'a-ily of such 
 
 t^keif :2:':^\St:^ ZSe^t 1^-^'^^.-^i-s have 
 United States of America fo thrsunpo t of onr 'r'"''' "°^^' *'^^ 
 authority, under the nnn,e of 4ssorf.??l T ' ^'Overnment and 
 
 pm upon any particula7es;awts S^ man^^^w^^ ^'fl^ 
 
 refuge m our Province of Quebec; ' '''^-'' *^^^ 
 
 ^'v 
 
 ■H 
 
PAPERS READ — DOCUMENTARY HISTORY. 
 
 225 
 
 ■i. 
 
 It IS our will and pleasure that the commissioned and non- 
 comniissioned officers and privates of the said Associated Loyalists 
 snail be in every respect entitled to the same allotment of land and 
 every encouragement intended and given by our said recited addi- 
 tional instructions to the non-commissioned officers and privates 
 ot our forces, who shall be reduced in our said Province, and by 
 this our instruction to the commissioned officers of our Provincial 
 forces who shall be reduced. 
 
 A true -xtract, 
 • H. MoTz. 
 
 I>ETTER FROM GOVERNOR HALDIMAND TO SIR 
 JOHN JOHNSON, APPOINTING HIM TO TAKE 
 
 tS^?p^?aSL^^'^'^^^^^ ™E LOYALISTS ON 
 their lands. 
 
 Headquarters, Quebec, 
 
 17th May, 1784. 
 
 Sir,— From your approved zeal for the King's service the 
 interest which you have at all times taken in the happiness of his 
 loyal subjects, who, owing to their attachment to His Majesty's 
 Government, have been obliged to abandon their properties and 
 take refuge in this Province, and from vour knowledge in general 
 of and influence with these people, I have thought fit to request 
 that you will take upon you the management and direction of dis- 
 tributing to the said Loyalists and to the disbanded troops in the 
 upper part of this Province, the Crown Lands which, in pursuance 
 of His Majesty s instructions, I have allotted for their reception. 
 
 You will herewith receive particular instructions for vour guid- 
 ance in the execution of this important public service, in'which the 
 officers commanding posts and all others, civil and military, are 
 hereby strictly required to afiford you every aid and assistance in 
 their power to give. 
 
 I am, etc., 
 Sir John Johnson. p. Haldimaxd. 
 
 LETTER FROM GOVERNOR HALDIMAND TO DEPUTY 
 SURVEYOR-GENERAL COLLINS. WITH INSTRUC- 
 ™ aIiI-F^^^^^^^'^ the SETTLING OF THE 
 
 Quebec, i8th May, 1784. 
 
 Sir.— Having communicated to you His Majesty's instruc- 
 tions for granting lands in this Province to such of his disbanded 
 troops and refugee Loyalists who are desirous of settling therein 
 and the mode I have adopted for execution thereof, and having fur- 
 
Ti 
 
 I i 
 
 224 
 
 ASSOCIATION OP OKrAUlO LAND SUKVEVOKS. 
 
 iiished \ou with- conip« «<■ fi,« 
 power necessary ioT^yi^l om tT& V'*^,^"^'"^' instruction and 
 you are hereby'^directej f p"oce d Zf ' f'?''^ ^^^ ^'^^^ P'^'Pos., 
 ;;'l^ere I have ordered tha? aTpersom of "h ^°f °^ *'"^^ ^^ ^orel 
 that district shall be assemWed^o dedar. ,r ''°''" ^^^^'•^Pt^o" in 
 of situation. You will, therefore ^It "^^'n^^tely their choice 
 specifying their names '„urr her 'f eTrh'f """m P""*'^"'^^ ^^^urns, 
 tl.ey shall choose to settle whTch you win '!?'''' and places where 
 Barnes, of the Quarter-ma terGe„erars^l.nT"'""''^*" ^° ^apt. 
 directions to forward them immeHf.?. ^^Pf tment, who has my 
 iTom Sorel you will proceed t^M^ T ^^'''' ^'^''^^^ routes 
 ^-th Sir Jol/n Johnsorto lose ^"^^^^^^^^^^^ ^7' ^°" "'" -"f- 
 commit the settlement of the disbaS ? ^ ^'^^^ ^''°"&ht fit to 
 the upper district of the Province and o T""^" ""'^ ^°>'^'i«^« i" 
 assistance in your power in tlee^ecution^f'ir T" ''^" ^'^^ ^^^O" 
 Johnson will communicate to you nw ' '''■^'''- S'"- J^'^" 
 upon this subject, and you win H.r^ instructions to him. 
 containing the King's instruction^ Jh f'^ . '^'"^ ^^^ books 
 
 ";ade and subscribed, toge her with th. f-'J^ ^^^larations to be 
 which are to be distribu°fd hroSon^ th' f.f ''' ^°^ '^'^ ^^^'^rs, 
 Johnson and you shall think bes"^ The ^h' ^""^^ '"'^' ^^ ^ir John 
 '•equires the utmost desnatch in th.-cK ^^^^"^^^ season of the year 
 first proceed to settl th'e Wal^R^^^^^^ J«" J^"' «^ <^ourse 
 
 ground allotted for them which T iS" k ^ ^'^ ^^'"^ "P^" the 
 out from thence upward' to CaLaauf R-^V"' '''^' '''^'^y ^^'^^ 
 respecting the manner of laving S , 'f Majesty's instructions 
 distributed are so full thatt s^uCe e\'si'^^^^^^ '''' P^'i^'^- ^o be 
 further than to remind vou if whlf t i ^ ^°' T ^"^ ^^^^ ^o them, 
 that every partialitv is to be avoided fo ^T' ^'^^^^^ mentioned- 
 tions to Sir John-Johnsorrect ;^^^^^ 
 
 each are to be indiscrimh ateh dr. ^^^ townships and lots in ' 
 as the men. Your proe ^s^ ^^^^^ ^^ ^" ' ""' '"''' ^^ *^' ''^'''''' 
 upon local circumsS ' liV nwT."'''' will depend so much 
 would be in vain to ofYer anv nthlr .T ''" ^«ntmgencies that it 
 Sir John Johnsoii-? amM o r zeal for'n^^T-'"" - instructions. On 
 
 happiness of the settlers therefore r.v' ^'"^' ''""^i^^ ^"^^ the 
 o^ it. ' ^ "^^retore. rely on a successful execution 
 
 Nia,^ concerZg^:;';^;ri"S/ ': 'ff'' °^ '''^ ^^"'--"t at 
 DePeyster and to ^faior Ross to .if ?'.''^^tions to Lieut.-Col. 
 the ground lately p Ssed atlhat nl"P Lieut. Tinling to lay out 
 quantity that mifst'be rS vecHor 2 kL"'^^^ considerin, the 
 cient to settle all the Corns nf T^Llll ^' '% ^^ ""^ '"^^ns sufifi- 
 quently, come down to Cata?Iqur "^ ' ^''' °^ ^^''^ ^^i"' '^^n- 
 
 I am, etc., 
 
 '-f- 
 
 r 
 
 Fred. Haldimand. 
 
PAPERS READ— DOCUMENTARY HISTORY. ajc 
 
 ^- B.— The instructions which were given to Lieut -Gn^ 
 ernor Cox for settHng the Loyalists in the B^y of Qialeur^ari hi 
 t'radXon IhatT^^^ those aHuded to in th'e Ivettt's wit 
 thfrearS^^^ ^^^^'^^ '^"^ should be reserved in 
 
 tne rear of the fishing beaches, that every person occupving a sta- 
 tion here should have (immediately behind it) a si?f^de^ "fuan ty 
 ot the necessary timber for the construction of flakes and stTees 
 indispens.bly necessary in carrying on the fishery ^ ' 
 
 To Major Holland and Sir John Johnson. 
 COMMISSION TO THE DEPUTY SURVEYOR-GENFRAT 
 
 '^°°"tri«S Monri'l''"T'^,^'"= """■ J"'"' C»"i"^. of the Dis- 
 trict of Montreal, in the Province of Quebec-Greeting- 
 
 iiereb^SaSd'";™.'™:' "'Tfi' "' '" ""P"""^^ y°"- »"<■ '« ^o 
 and a iraMste uSo al 'oeriZ l''°"f ""'' =""'°"'^ '» '™'l" 
 directed by he Uw a„H ,h?T i ''?" '^.T>' "'>"'""- "^e oaths 
 " r ' ' law and the declaration fo ow ng, that is to sav 
 
 .he seven&da^; S'^.farl: t';e^;°;rou'; Z^X «"^''"' 
 
 By His Excellency's command, ^'""'- "'^"■>''^™- 
 
 A. Gray. 
 
 KHPOKX OP ™f -™^T™^^^^^^^^^ ,, 
 
 ■ c Cataraqui, i2th August, 1784. 
 
 .e.otToTjtMo:r;;i.r=^ 
 
226 
 
 ASSOCIATION OF ONTARIO LAND SURVEYORS. 
 
 Ind Mr Ivir^J' V'"'"', °^^'^^ *'^^^^'" mentioned to Major Ross 
 
 ever, I liave employed Mr. Tuffe and Mr Henrv HnlfnnH ! •^' 
 each a good party, in drawing the lines of he slco^^d an 1 thi' d 
 concessions of the first township. On their return I si n I 'ul 
 ceed up the lake and complete the survey o the eond S thrd 
 townships in the same manner. With respect to ?he fnnrtW 
 ship, nothing can be done until Your E^xce 1 ncv dl^m nesTo 
 whom It belongs. No doubt the party who is obliged to oTiirthei? 
 claims will expect their land in some other place I shal? tlereforl 
 without loss of time, when the business above mntLn;d is co^ 
 &?S YoTfIc'v^''''' ?""^^^P' ^"^ "^y ^he firs? on"e" 
 v::i%Ta'ccIuZ^1 mv'Ssl^'^" °^ ''' ^^^^'^"^^"^ ^^^^^^ --'^' 
 T hJ.^.^t ^7u* difficulty to get men, and am obliged to pay hi^h 
 I have taken the liberty to draw on Capt. Maurer for £ioo currencv 
 to carry on this service, which I hope Your Excellenc/wHl approve 
 of. Your Excellency may faithfully rely on mv bringin J his trou 
 blesome business to as speedy a conclusion as possible^ 
 I have the honor to be, 
 Your Excellency's most obedient and humble servant, 
 
 To His Excellency General Haldimand. •^''" D^ s'^General. 
 
 •Afterwards called Marysburgh, after the Duchess of Gloucester- 
 eleventh child of the King. 
 
PAPERS READ — DOCUMENTARY HISTORY. 
 
 227 
 
 LETTER FROM GENERAL HALDIMAND TO SIR JOHN 
 JOHNSON, BARONET, DATED HEADQUARTERS, 
 i6th AUGUST, 1784. ^ 
 
 Sir,— It is with concern that I learn from Major Holland the 
 very unfavorable report which he made to you, upon his way to 
 this place, of the settlers belonging to your second battalion at 
 Cataraqui, particularly of some of the officers, who. instead of con- 
 cihatmg the minds of such as are disposed to be discontented, and 
 reconciling any difficulties which, from local or other circum- 
 stances, cannot be obviated, are active in encouraging and sup- 
 porting them in disregarding the instructions, which, it appears by 
 Mr. Collins' certificate and others, you had left for execution with 
 Major Holland. A slight indisposition has prevented me from 
 enquiring into the particulars of the afifair, but I have directed 
 Adajor Holland to. make a faithful report to me, in writing, of 
 every circumstance relating to it, that proper notice may be taken 
 of such persons, whose conduct has been so reprehensible. In the 
 meantime, finding fhat it has not only impeded, but actually 
 stopped the progress of the settlement, the purport of this letter 
 IS to desire that you will immediately despatch an express to Mr. 
 Collins, with my' positive orders that he shall proceed in alloting 
 the fourth township as proposed by Major Holland, leaving the 
 proportions of the officers of your second battalion. Major Rogers' 
 detachment, and Major Vanalstine's party, that cannot be com- 
 pleted in three and four, to be laid out for them as soon as possible 
 where they can most conveniently be had. 
 
 You will at the same time give such directions as you shall 
 think proper to the refractory persons in question, to second Mr. 
 Collins in the execution of this order, in. which, if thev do not 
 immediately acquiesce, they are to conie down from thence, and 
 will assuredly be deprived of every bounty a proper conduct would 
 entitle them to from Government. 
 
 Fred. Haldimand. 
 
 To Sir John Johnson, Baronet, etc., etc., etc. 
 
 LETTER FROM THE DEPUTY SURVEYOR-GENERAL 
 TO GENERAL HALDIMAND. 
 
 Cataraqui, the i6th day of September, 1784. 
 
 Sir,— The sudden departure of the batteaux by which I write 
 this, leaves mc only time to report to Your Excellency that I am 
 this moment returned from Bay of Quinte, where I have completely 
 seltled all matters respecting land' afifairs with Sir John Johnson 
 
'. I 
 
 I ; 
 
 1l 
 
 228 
 
 ASSOCIATION OF ONTARIO LAND SURVEYORS. 
 
 and Major Rogers' corps, and Major Vanalstine's party, to the 
 general satisfaction of all parties. The plan formerly promised 
 Your Excellency shall go by the first conveyance. 
 
 I have the honor to be. 
 Your Excellency's most faithful and most obedient 
 
 humble servant, 
 
 J. Collins, 
 Deputy Surveyor-General. 
 
 His Excellency General Haldimand. 
 
 MEETING OF COUNCIL, AT WHICH HIS EXCEL- 
 LENCY MAKES KNOWN THE PROGRESS MADE 
 IN SETTLING THE DISBANDED SOLDIERS AND 
 LOYALISTS WITHIN THE PROVINCE. 
 
 On Tuesday, the i6th of November, 1784. At the Council 
 Chambers in the Castle of St. Louis. Present: His Excellency, 
 Frederick Haldimand, Governor; the Honorable Henry Hamilton, 
 Lieutenant-Governor; Hugh Finlay, Thomas Dunn, Francis Adam 
 Mabane, George Pownall, Samuel Holland, J. G. C. DeLery, John 
 Eraser, Henry Caldwell, Francis Baby, and George Davison, 
 Esquires. 
 
 His Excellency had acquainted the Council that, agreeable to 
 the intention which he had communicated to them on the ist of 
 May last, he had exerted his utmost efforts to form the settlement 
 of the disbanded soldiers and Loyalists upon the Crown Lands 
 within the Province. That with this view he had appointed Sir John 
 Johnson, with Major Holland, the Surveyor-General of the Pro- 
 vince, his deputy, and other assistants, to superintend the settle- 
 ments from Point au Baudet upwards to Cataraqui an<l the Bay 
 of Quinte, and Lieutenant-Governor Cox, with assistant surveyors, 
 to superintend the allotments of lands at Bay of Chaleurs and 
 Gaspe. 
 
 His Excellency the Governor laid before the Council plans 
 and surveys of different seigniories from Point au Badet to about 
 fifteen miles above Oswegatcha, upon which seigniories the num- 
 bers settled are as follows, viz. : — 
 
 Children, 
 Men. Women. Males. Females. Servants, Total. 
 815 360 436 449 33 2,093 
 
 His Excellency likewise laid before the Council plans and sur- 
 veys of seigniories above Cataraqui to the Bay of Quinte, upon 
 %vhich seigniories the number settled was as follows, viz. : — 
 
 r 
 
 % 
 
 H 
 
 >■ 
 
^ ! 
 
 r 
 
 •4. 
 
 '■' 
 
 'V 
 
 PAPERS READ — DOCUMENTARY HISTORY. 
 
 229 
 
 Men. Women. 
 799 275 
 
 Children, 
 Males. Females. Servants. Total. 
 303 326 43 1,746 
 
 His Excellency acquainted the Council that the return of the 
 disbanded soldiers and Loyalists at Gaspe and Perce had not been 
 received, but the numbers settled at Paspabiac, in the Bay of Cha^ 
 Icur were as follows, viz.:— 194 men, 69 women, 172 children- 
 total, 435. 
 
 .u . ^is Excellency was further pleased to acquaint the Council 
 that, besides provisions, spades, hoes, and other such implements 
 of agriculture, clothing and camp equipage had been furnished to 
 thp settlers from the King's stores, and that precautions were taken 
 to procure for their use wheat, Indian corn.potatoes and garden 
 seeds for the ensuing spring. 
 
 His Excellency ordered the Surveyor-General to make copies 
 of the plans and surveys, to be lodged in the Council office. 
 
 GENERAL ABSTRACT OF MEN, WOMEN AND CHILDREN SETTLED 
 ON THE NEW TOWNSHIPS OF THE RIVER ST. LAWRENCE. 
 
 These begin at No. i, La.je St. Frahcis, going 
 UPWARDS Montreal, July, 1784. 
 
 ist Battalion late King's Royal Regiment, New York, and 
 those attached , settled on Townships Nos i , 2, 3, 4 and 5 
 
 Part of Major Jessup's Corps and those attached, settled 
 on Townships Nos. 6, 7 and part of 8 
 
 2nd Battalion late King's Royal Regiment, New York, and 
 those attached, settled on Townships Nos. 3 and 4 
 Cataraqui 
 
 Capt. Grass's party and those attached, on Township 
 No. I, Cataraqui 
 
 Part of Major Jessup's and those attached,' settled on 
 Township No. 2, Cataraqui 
 
 Major Roger's Corps and those attached, settled on 
 Township No. 3, Cataraqui 
 
 Major Van Alstine's party of Loyalists, settled on Town- 
 ship No. 4, Cataraqui 
 
 Different detachments of disbanded Regular Regiments, 
 settled on Township No. 5, Cataraqui 
 
 Detachment of Germans with Baron Reitzenstein, settled 
 "T' in Township No. 5, Cataraqui 
 
 Rangers of the Six Nation Department and Loyalists,! 
 settled with the Mohawk Indians at the Bay of Quintei 
 
 i 
 
 z 
 u 
 
 549 
 187 
 
 199 
 88 
 
 137 
 
 120 
 
 92 
 
 153 
 30 
 13 
 
 s 
 o 
 
 1.568 
 
 257 
 
 85 
 
 32 
 
 33 
 
 71 
 47 
 46 
 
 39 
 
 8 
 
 8i 
 
 w 
 
 X 
 
 a 
 
 X 
 
 u 
 
 631 
 
 211 
 69 
 
 66 
 214 
 118 
 103 
 
 67 
 6 
 
 7 
 
 •J 
 
 < 
 
 H 
 O 
 
 25; 1,462 
 
 626! 1,492 
 
 I 
 
 495 
 
 310 
 
 187 
 
 434 
 299. 
 
 258 
 
 259 
 
 44 
 
 28 
 
 9°;3.776 
 
 John Johnson. 
 
2^0 
 
 ASSOCIATION OF ONTAKIO LAND SUKVKVOKS. 
 
 \ 
 
 INSTIU CTIONS FnoM LIEUT.-GOVERNOR HAMILTON 
 TO THE DEPUTY SUR\-EYOR-GENERAL TO xMAKE 
 AN EXPLORATORY SURVEY OF THE COUNTRY 
 LYING BETWEEN THE BAY OF QUINTE AND 
 LAKE HURON. 
 
 QuEUKC, 22nd May, 1785. 
 
 SiK,— You will please immediately upon your arrival at Mont- 
 real to wait on the ( ieneral and acquaint him with the time of your 
 intended departure from thence, and receive his commands for any 
 of the settlements on your route. 
 
 You will confer with Mr. Delancy before you leave Montreal, 
 and should anything appear necessary to be communicated to me, 
 either on account of the Loyalists or the intended survey, vou will 
 have no time to inform me of it. You will consult the heads of the 
 townships and report to me brieHy the state and progress of each, 
 v/ith their real wants, not their fancied ones. 
 
 Having settled with Mr. McLean about the management of 
 the Loyalists at the upper townships, and directed how the mills 
 are to^ be worked for the common benefit, having settled Captain 
 Brant's lot, and distributed the garden seeds, having left your 
 instructions with Mr. Kotte how he is to proceed, and arranged all 
 for the best with Captain Potts, you will proceed upwards to take 
 a survey of the communication between the Bav of Quinte and 
 Lake Huron, by Lake La Clie. 
 
 You will particularly note the depth of water at every neces- 
 sary place and mark the soundings in your plan or chart— the parts 
 navigable for the dififerent sorts of craft; the nature of the soil and 
 Its produce, particularly timber; the Indian tribes on the communi- 
 cation, their number, disposition, etc.; what tracts of land it mav 
 be necessary to purchase, and at what rate; calculate the time and 
 expense of rendering the dififerent portages, etc., practicable; con- 
 sider and weigh well the disadvantages as well as the favorable 
 points; the tracts which the transport of goods would require if 
 the roads were in good condition ; consult the merchants of Mont- 
 real upon the idea of erecting stores at the different convenient 
 places, and if you find they are desirous of encouraging the pro- 
 ject, write me immediately. 
 
 Your prudence will suggest other measures. I wish you all 
 health and good weather, and am, sir, 
 
 Your most obedient and most humble servant. 
 
 John Collins, Esq., 
 
 Deputy Surveyor-General. 
 
 Henry Hamilton.