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Mapa. plates, charta, etc., may be filmed at different reduction ratio*. Thoae too large to be entirely included in one expoaure are filmed beginning in the upper left hand corner, left to right and top to bottom, aa many framea aa required. The following diagrama illuatrate the method: Lea cartes, planches, tableaux, etc., peuvent dtre filmte A des taux de rMuction diffirents. Lorsque le document est trop grand pour dtre reproduit en un seul cliche, il 9zt filmi d partir de Tangle supArieur gauche, de gauche i droite, et de haut en baa, en prenant le nombre d'imagea n^cessaira. Las diagrammes suivants illuatrent la mithode. 1 2 3 1 2 3 4 5 6 CoMPLiMr-;NTs or HENRY H, HURLBUT. 44 So I Til Aw St, CHICAG-O. SiH^mni^iPSm^Sil^KLilH^l^^Dlffi^ffiiiPlilill 'v'. ^ ■% J:/. ■tl .■Jv> •' -i!^^: '^V:;^. r' •'4>. -vtv ..? ■ • ■ ■ • **:?^'' Samuel de (Jhamplain; 'ir'.' A SHORT SKETCH Henry. \ '■'. '•P'j'y'''' v*'," ,;.[. Q45Hr7 j^r^n^lffl^M^il^ gn^ni^^i ^ni^^ 56 61 '■"fr ^^Z ^//;^o V Samuel de ChamplaiN; A HKii;i'' sKiacii (II riiK '.MINK.Nl' NAVI(;.\roK AM) I )lSi OVKKKk. KlAl> IlKIOKK IHK ClIKACO 1 1 I S I i » R | c A L Socll-IY. I'lKSDAS Mn K.\ INd, OcidllKk 2 O. iSS,, liV HENRY H. HURLHUT. A l-ORTKAIT OK TIIK GRKAT EXI'LORKK, rAiMKi) i;v MiSN Harriki p. HuRLiiur, Was (IN I ill.-. uccASiM.v Preskni kd in hkk namm ro riii-. xmikia-. i-;:;-.!!!. 'J, J" "5> CHICAGO: FEJKil'S 1'1MNT1N(! COMI'ANY. 1885. \ rUBRARYTrHE UNlVOSnt ' Of ALBERTA « II I ^ I II K K \ I Sim I I. I s KiMiMs, ClIIiAi.ii, ( )L-tiihei- 22, ISS5. HJKAI. M Is^ 111 Ul 111 T: I have tlie liuiinr to irtfuini yuii tliat at a (Jiiartuily Mccliiii,' of llie ('liioaL;(> Historical Society, held on the 20th iiist., on motion of Hon. Mark Skinncf the thanks of the Society were tinaniinoiisly temlereil to you for the excellent and valuable portrait of Samuel ile Champlain you so generously presented to the Society. \'ery respectfully. Al.KI.IM 1 ). IlvcicK, Miss Haukiki r. IliKi.iii- 1, Chicago. .Secniorv. The thanks of the Historical Society were also yivcn to Mr. Hurlhut for the I'aper read liy him on evenintj of ()ctol)er 20, 1SS5. 018262 Samuel dk Champlain. M u. I'KK.si hi; N r and M k m ii k r s m- tiik II is i'oric \i, Soiii.iv, I.A PI KS AND (iKN ri.KMKN : FROM the enlarged notes of ;i work now in preparation by myself and intended for publication, to be entitled "Our Inland Seas and Early Lake Navij^ation," I will, with your leave, read a sketch, or rather an imperfect outline portrayal, of the movements in the life of the first white man who came within the basin of the ^reat /Vmerican Lakes; the first l^uropean, I may say, that saw and navi- gated not only the small yet storied body of water drained by the Sorel, but that of Lake Ontario; and who, further- more, was the first who looked upon the face of Lake Huron. I need not suggest that there is an evident propriety for the Historical Society of the greatest City of the Lakes to pay at least some tribute to the memory of our earliest explorer, who passed over the waters of Lake Ontario more than sixty years before LaSalle built Fort Frontenac by its banks, and more than a quarter of a century before either Joliet or Marquette, the first-known white men at Chicago, were born. I speak of Samuel de Champlain. Though James Carticr, in 1535, passed up the St. Law- rence River as far as the Island of Ilochelaga, to which he gave the name of Monte Royal, yet singular as it seems, he nor any other European, as far as we know, never reached any of our great Lakes for three- fourths of a century suc- ceeding. '> SAMI I.I. hi. (fl AMI'I \I\. Samiul (Ic ( iiaiiipl.iiii w.is tlir sdii ot' Antoiiic di' ( ham- plain (a captain in the I-Vcnch iiiaiMic), and thi' maiden nanu- of his mother was Mar^aierite Liioy; he was bom in the villa^'e (if Hiouai^c, in the anrient I'rovinee of SaintonMi., al)out the )-eaf 1307. Little is known of the ho\ h 1 das's of Ch.implain; in's home-\ illai^i' was a foitilied town, .md its liarhor, axailahU.- for lai!_;e slnps, u.i^ called one of the best in I'lanee. Not onl)- was Urona^e a po-t of some mihtai)- importaiue, but it was the manufaeturin-; centre and port of shipment of a larL;( trade in .salt; and tliese were thi- two j;reat inti'ri-sts of ilic peopK: in citadel and seaport of tin- bus\' IhouaLjc. i)urinj4 many years of C'hamplain's early life, lironaL;e was the occasion of fri'(|uent strny^lcs of contending parties for its possession, dmini^ the civil wars of the time, While these vicissitudes must haw l)een perplexing to close stud}- in school, and while (hamplain's school eilucation was no doubt limited, there was )et a discipline in that misfortune, ami his active habits am! excellent common-sense led him to educate himself. It was no slight good fortune for Champlain that he often came in contact with men of iiigh character, connected with the military and commercial departments of lirouagc. It is supposed that he paid considerable attention to the study and practice of drawing, as his aftcr-eftbrts in that line were, and arc still, of no little interest and value. I'^arly in the )ear 1599, he was in command of a large J^Vcnch shi[), chartered by the Spanish government for a voy- age to the West Indies. Just previously, however, he had been connected with the iMench army as ciuartermaster for several years, yet still before that he must iiavc had practical experience in navigation; indeed he acknowledged the fact, ..-,¥ SAMliKI, I)K CIIAMI'I.AIN'. 7 for lif has ci'iifcsscil tlir fasciiiatioir wliicli .itlractcd his tail)' hfc to that cinploynK'iit. In the Spanish voyaj^c referred to, inchidini^ not merely a vii-w of \arioiis West- India Islands and important ports, but casting his anchor in tlu" roadstead of Sa-' Juan il'rilo.i (then as loda\- the island eastle and di feiiee of \'ei • Lru/.), he visited not menl)- I'orto IUIIm on the Isthmus, by a native sail-boat, but from Vera C'ru/. he passed inti the interior, spendinj^f a month at the City of Mexico. This vo\'a},'e embraced a period of somewhat o\er iwo \-ears, and in it (hamplain carried out a purpose of his own. which was to make e.\:ended notes and drauin^^s of whatever seemed worth his observation; not for his own f^ratificalion merel}', but for use and aiil to the l'"rench ^fovernment. It was ('han)plair. that made tlu' first su^^estion of the bene- fits to be derived from a shi|)-canal acrf)ss the Isthmus of I'anama. It is understood that after an able communication b\' Champlain to his own government,"" rcgarilin|T matters and thiiiLjs comin^f withii. i.is notice in the Spanish possessions of America, he was honored not only with the jjfift of a j)ensioi) from the French kin<^, llenr\' l\'., but it is believed that from the same source there was also conferretl upon him a patent of nobilit)'. In March, 1603, Champlain first sailed for northern America, having;- joined the expediti(jn under I'ont (irave, which had been orfjanized by (iov. Aymer de Chastes. The fleet consistetl of two bartiues of small size, accomi)anied b)- * 'I'lie Cull aii(i illiistrateil account of that voyage to Spanish America by (hamplaiii conthmed in inaluiscript more than two centuries ami a half, hul in 1S59, after an lMi;^lish translation, it was printed in London by the Ilakluyt Society. SAMUKL DR CIIAMI'LAIN. one or more craft of stilh less burthen, and arrived in the St. Lawrence River at a place called Tadoussac, at the mouth of Saguenay River. I wish to make here a slight digression, and say that we have no authentic knowledge of an earlier people who dwelt b\- or navigated our great lakes and their tributary or neigh- boring waters, than various tribes of our North-American Indians. These Indians, we are to presume, were the in- ventors and from time immemorial have been the manufact- urers of that famous and historic little craft, the birch-bark canoe. The first description which we have ot this cai. )e appears identical with that manufactured by our northern Indians of toda\-. Though no long distances very far from shore were often attempted, the abilit}- of this canoe when well managed, even in a pretty rough sea, is not slight. The Indian canoes of the old fur-companies W(Te usually lartre, of some four or fwc tons burthen. How many cen- turies previous!}' they may have been in use we have no means of telling, yet two hundred and eighty-two years ago, in 1603, Champlain met them at the Saguenay, and which he afterward spoke of as "from eight to nine paces long, and about a pace or pace and a-half broad in the middle, grow- ing narrower toward the two eids." "They arc apt," said he, "to turn over, in case one does not understand managing them and are made of birch bark, strengthened on the inside by little ribs of white cedar, very neatly arranged; they are so light that a nan can easily carry one." Said Gouverneur Morris: "Among the curiosities of newly-dis- covered America was the Indian canoe. Its slender and ele- gant form, its rapid movement, its capacity to bear burdens and resist the rage of the billows and torrents, excited no small degree of admiration for the skill by which it was con- SAMUKL DE CHAM PLAIN. 9 structcd." The Chippewas call it chc-maun, and it was this same sort of vessel in which Champlaiii passed into lakes €hamplain, Huron, and Ontario; the same in which Joliet and Marquette voyaged down the Mississippi, the same in which, differing as I must f'-oni the opinion of our worthy secretary, they navigated the Chicago. The Society, it is noticed, has a small specimen of this canoe. After looking a few miles up the Saguenay, (irave and and Champlain, in a light boat, ascended the St. Lawrence as far as the Falls of St. Louis, now called the Lachine Rapids, and by the way going a short distance on what the>' called the River of the Iroquois, now known as the Sorel or Richelieu. L'nable to pass the rapids in their boat, they returned to their vessels at the outlet of the Saguenay. Upon this fust visit of Champlain to the St. Lawrence, he questioned the Indians about the river and waters above and beyond what he had seen; in a manner, imperfectly however, they told of the Rapids of the upper St. Lawrence, Lake Ontario, the Falls of Xiagarci, Lake Va\c, and the Strait of Detroit. Of anything beyond they professed no knowledge. In the month of September of that year, 1603, Grave and Champlain reached France. Champlain now learned that his friend de Chastes had died in his absence; he exhibited to his sovereign, howev'er, a map n-hich he had drawn of the region he had visited, together with an account of what he had learned. In 1604, two vessels left France, having Champlain on board one of them; a new expedition for colonial settlement in America, north of latitude 40^ N., having been organized by Sieur de Monts. Arriving in America, and passing a severe winter at a temporary station, Champlain after thor- oughly exploring the coasts of New England, New Bruns- lO SAMLKI, I)K ( IIAMI'I.AIX. wick, and Xcna Scotia, and after tliree years absence, reached France in 1607, wiicre he spent the succeedint^ winter. Chaniphiin is distin_i;uished for his surve}' of the Xew- lui^dand coast, extending also to the northern Hmits of Nova Scotia. While other explorers made but slight examina- tions, imperfectly desciibed, his account is thorough, and, furthermore, is illustrated by drawings of the seashore, rivers, harbors, etc. Again Champlain had reached the St. Lawrence, in June, 1 60S, and while a barcjue was being constructed, he explored the Saguenay and also the St. Lawrence, and where at the site of a future city, then called Quebec — an Algonkin word, meaning a narrowing — he was impressed with its peculiar attractions, and decided to commence a settlement there at once. The decision was followed directly by the felling of trees and the erection of buildings. Fortunatel)-, a few days after their arrival there, it was revealed to Champlain that a plan was about perfected among a number of the men to assassinate not only him but others also, and then conduct matters as they might choose. By a cautious and prompt movement, however, four of the ringleaders were placed in irons, and, after a trial, one was hanged and the others sent to France for further treatment. One of the vessels sailed for France in September, but Champlain remained to spend the winter with the little colony at Quebec. That winter, however, was one of sick- ness and death; fiom an exclusively salt diet they were attacked with the scurvy, and twenty out of the twenty- eight had died before winter had disappeared. Of the Indians in the neighborhood also, many died from starvation, for Champlain could only, from his limited supplies, afford slight relief. But spring at length succeeded that winter of ! t 1 i t , ■i mmm SAMUKI, DK l'I[.\Mi'f,AIN. I I 1 i ) ; dcatli, and in June, Grave again appeared with a vessel in the St. Lawrence. Champlain now prepared to carry out his plans for explor- ing the interior. A fierce war was then existing between the Algonkin tribes of the north and the great Iroquois confed- eracy of the region now called New York. It was proposed to Champlain by the Indians, in consideration of services to be rendered him in his travels as guides, interpreters, and canoe-men, that he should aid them in their battles with their enemies, the Iroquois. To this he consented. Whether or not it was wise for Champlain to conclude such a treaty with his newly-found red friends may at least be questioned. I do not, however, believe with Mr. George Geddes that " but for the mistake of Champlain, and the unwise treatment of the Five Nations that followed, the ctqv- ernment of the continent would tve fallen to the Fiench rather than to the English." Vet the consequences resulting from the acceptance and ratification of the agreement referred to, for more than a century and a half involved a multitude of gory witnesses; it was a most unfortunate precedent, too readily copied. Torture, human blood, and human scalps were the .seals of the cruel strife, of which instances by the hundred might be quoted. The governments of France and Great Britain in their contests for dominion Jielped onward the red-handed crime. America, after breaking loose from the crown of Great Britain, fell heir to the miseries of the system referred to. In the WQrds of DeWitt Clinton, "The whole confederacy, except a little more than half of the Oneidas, hung like the scythe of death upon the rear of our settlements, and their deeds are inscribed with the scalping-knife and the toinahawk m characters of blood on the fields of Wyoming and Cherry Valley, and on the banks of the Mohawk." rt 12 SAMUEL ])!•: CHAMl'LAIN. I need not recite particulars of Champlain's tour of that year, 1609, accompanying his Indian friends upon a war excursion against their enemies, the Iroquois, farther than to say that he then discovered the lake since called after him; and if, as he seems to have acknowledged, he then introduced to the acquaintance of the Indians of the great Iroquois league the fatal effects of firearms, by killing three of their chiefs, it was not the most unfortuna*^e first salutation of a deadly agent which came to the red men. That same year of 1609, Henry Hudson sailed up the river which received his name. On that occasion, the renowned yet baneful fire- water was pressed upon the notice of the savages. Of the two Satanic inventions, gunpowder and whiskey, the last, with its numerously-named congeners, is reasonably believed to Jiavc been the most destructive. Returning to Quebec, Champlain sailed with Grave for France, arriving out in October. Again in April of the fol- lowing year, 16 10, he reached the mouth of the Saguenay. He found his Indian allies had in view another expedition against the Iroquois, and the)' again desired his assistance. I may say that they accordingly attacked a party of the enemy, who were located near the mouth of the Sorel; and, as in the previously-named battle, came off victors. Hearing of the assassination of King Henry IV., with other unwelcome news from over the sea, Champlain left for France, arriving there in September, 1 610. During this visit a contract was made by Champlain with the parents of Helene Boule, for his marriage with their daughter ; the nuptials, however, were not to take place under two years. They were afterward married, and she accompanied him to Ouebec some years later. In the year 161 1, he visited the St. Lawrence, but returned SAMUEL I)K CIIAMI'LAIN. 13 In the autumn of that year. In March, 161 3, he again sailed from France, and arrived at Tadoussac in April. A tour up the Ottawa River wa.s soon undertaken by Chaniplain. The jnirposc of this expedition was, in great part, to ascertain if there might be found a channel and shorter way to the Pacific and the famed Catha\-. Some reports which hail been told to Ciiamplain led to strengthen his belief in and to look for such a jjassage. Chaniplain, after a journcj- of some two hundred miles from the .St. Lawrence, up the chan- nel and over the portages around the numerous falls of the Ottawa, reached AUumette Island in that river. Here Cham- plain raised a cross of cedar, to which he attached the arms i?r rVance; not succeeding, however, in the main purpose of his journey. Returning, he embarked for France the same year, and where he remained tlirough the year 1614, making plans for the success of his colon}'. lie was particularly impressed witli the importance of establishing ''the Christian faith in the wilds of America." J^y his efforts, four I^^-anciscan friars were secured for such a mission, who embarked' with himself for America in the s{)ring of 161 5. (Jne of them, Joseph LeCaron, was ap- pointed to the distant Wyandotte or Huron tribe of Indians, and set out with great bravery, knowing nothing as he did of those Indians or of the country where they dwelt. Cham- plain also soon left for the westward, for an expedition had been already planned by the Indians to invade the countr}- of the Iroquois, and the power of Chaniplain and the deadly arquebus v.'as needed to accompany them to their eneni)''s stronghold south of Lake Ontario. Going up the Ottawa, Champlain took a roundabout way to reach Central New York, but he was piloted by the Indians, who doubtless had an axe or rather a tomahawk of !| H SAMUKf- I)K ClIAIwI'LAIN. some kind to ^r'md, and so they leil him to their place of abode. A part of the route up the Ottawa Champlain had traveled before; now, still farther, he passed via Lak-e Nepis- s]iv^ and French River into the (Georgian Hay of Lake Huron. Jhis course by the Ottawa was the old canoe-route of after- years, the route of the fur-trader's goods from Montreal to Mackinac and the upper lakes. But if it was the shortest channel to the Northwest, it was yet a hard, back-breaking road to travel; its numerous uprisint^ portages and rough paths, which none but the famed and hardy Canadian voya- geurs, those toiling, yet uncomplaining and merry amrur dis hois, would endure, each carrying the ninety pounds of pack, box, or cask, whenever the vessel and cargo must take fD the land. When the canoe of Champlain inished into Lake Huron it was the farthest point westward yet visited by any white man within the basin of the Great Lakes. The statement in several historical works of Michigan, that Champlain or any other I'^uropean visited the site of Detroit before that date, Jul}', 1615, is certainly an error. The priest LeCaron was a few days earlier than Champlain in the neighborhood of Lake Huron, at a large Indian village, but that was not by the lake, and we are not advised that he came within sight of it. From the vicinity of the north-east shore of Lake Huron, with only a portion of the force of savages expected to com- prise the invading army, Champlain now passed by way of Lake Simcoe and various small lakes, the River Trent, and Bay of Ouinte; and whether he went out above or below the Isle of Tonti, the name of which has been stupidly changed to Amherst Island, he, the first of white men, now glided over the waters of Lake Ontario. Coasting along the east shore in part and partly on foot SAMIKI, hi, < IIAMI'l .\l\. upf)n the saiul)' beach of thi' lake, and after secretin;^ their canoes in the \v(kk1s mar tlu- shori:, tiie invaders struck into the forest, and went soutliward fro:ii some point in the pres- ent county of ( )su'e[;(), N.\'. Whether the fortress sou^dit was at (^nondai^a Lake, as bdiexed l)\- the late Hon. O. II. Marshall, or upon a pond in the count}' of Madison, as con- fidentially ur^ed by (ien. Clark, the jjost of the eneni)- was reacheil in (.\i\c time, and the .-.ie;^fe of a rather uncommonly stroULj Indian stockade bej^an After considerable time spent in the investment, ami some hours of fierce contest, the attackint; Imlians lost their patience, and concluded to aban- don tlu' enterprise. Chamijlain had endeaxoreil to direct ami ;^uide them in the attack, but the thin<^ was impossible; the}' were an unmanaLjeable, boisterous crowd of ruftlans, with no purpose, it would seem, be}'ond the gratification of cruelty and revenge. However intcrestinf;- this maraudiuLj adventure ma}' be con- sidered as a matter of histor}', and thouijh the invading Indians, with Champlain's assistance, had suffered much less than the besieged, it was a bootless expedition. The fortress was not" taken, and Champlain was wounded in the leg. The retreating ami}' now returned to the outlet of Lake Ontario; but the Indians were unwilling to give Champlain an escort down the St. Lawrence, ami the result was he was obliged to follow them to the interior ami pass a winter in their wigwams. It was summer in the following }'ear, 1616, before Champlain, who was accompanietl b}- the missionary LeCaron, reached Ouebec, where they found Grave from over the sea, and with whom they embarked for France in the month of Jul}'. In 1617, and also in 1618, Champlain visited New France, but returned to the fatherland each of those }'ears. He desired something more for his country than a i6 SAMUKL DK (. IIAMI'I.AIN. mere tradin^^-post on the St. Lawrence. To quote the words of Rev. l-:diniind F. Slaftcr: "He was anxious to elevate the meagre factory at Quebec into the dignity of a colc.iial plan- tation." * Without doubt he had to .struj\nce. Champlain sailed for America, accompanied by his wife, in 1620. His time was now occupied at Quebec during the four ensuing years, energetically attending to the building of various structures and other duties; yet we learn that he had to endure not a few annoyances and discouragements. In 1624, with his wife he sailed for France, arriving there in October. In April. 1626, he again left France for the St. Lawrence. This was h'\s eleventh voyage across the Atlantic to this river, besides one to the coast of New Flngland. A new association in place of the former company was organized by the Cardinal Richelieu, the able prime-minister of France, a friend of Champlain. The prospect to Cham- plain seemed now more promising for his great purpose of French colonization. Hitherto as a colony his settlement had not prospered. We are told that at no time had its numbers exceeded fifty persons; and what seems strange, so unlike our own prairie pioneers, that for a period of twenty years but one family of the colony attempted to gain a living by cultivating the soil. * To Rev. Edmund F. Slafler I am indebted for many facts used in this Paper, found in his Comprehensive Memoir of Champlain, published in tlie Prince Society papers. SAMIJKI, I>K CIIAMI'I.AIN. "7 I do not afjrcc with Mr. iJcCosta, thut "but /or a head- wind when off Cape Cod, salMn^ southward in 1605, Cham- phiin mi^jht have reached the Hudson, and instead of plant- uv^ Port Royal in Nova Scotia, he nii{^lit have cstabHshed its foundations on Manhattan Island, and that this would have made the ^'reatest city in America a French city." Hut 1 will here take the occasion, parenthetically, to make the (juery, li./// it was that l'*rench colonization in America has been comparatively a failure .' May the answer be yiven that it is a national characteristic to be averse to becoming agricultural pioneers .' Or may it have been occasioned by the restrictive laws and feudal tenure which came with them from the fatherland .' Else was it, as some claim, the result of superstitious and biijoted religious teaching, hampering the freedom of mind and person .' Ouebec was founded in 160S, and New I-'rance had the opportunity of more than one hundred and fifty years before it finally resigned in favor of Great Ikitain. A hundred and fifty years from the settlement of New I'lymouth had fitted the descendants of those settlers for self-government and the opening drama of the Revolution. We believe that Champlain and other French explorers were men of broad, practical views, and their plans, embrac- insf the settlement of the vast and fertile basin of the great Lakes and valleys of the St. Lawrence and Mississippi, may certainly be termed grand; yet the genius of the French nation, indeed of any Latin nation, was not fitted to the task. Sterile New England was peopled by another race. The remaining few years in the life of Champlain may be briefly alluded to : War had broken out between France and Great Britain, and a British fleet appeared in the St. Law- rence in 1628; but it was not until July of the following year iS SAMLl.l. UK til A Ml' LAIN. that serious demonstration was made a|^^'li^st the post of Oiicljec, wliicli was then obliged to surrender to a Mritish force. Champhun was taken to ICn^land, l)ut as a peace had been arran^^ed even before Ouebec had been taken, he was allowed to ^o to France, and Ouebec was restored to l-rench rule. In March, 1633, Champlain made his last departure from France, bein^ a^ain appointed governor; ami he arrived at Ouebec in May. lie was greeted with demonstrations of great affection, for he was much beloved by his people, in the fort at Ouebec. December 25. 1635. after an illness of several months, Champlain died. Somewhere within what is now the court-\ard of Ouebec jjost-office his remains lie buried; this much has been satisfactorily proven, yet the exact spot is unknown. It does not appear that Champlain had chiklreii. His widow entered a convent, and afterward foundeil a religious institution in which she herself subse- quently (.ntered as a nun. She died in 1654. We will close this meagre sketch b\' ([noting the following from the Rev. Mr. Shifter, regarding the eminent explorer: "He was wise, modest, and judicious in council; prompt, vigoriXis, and practical in administration; simple and frugal in his mode of life; persistent and unyielding in the execu- tion of his plans; brave and valient in danger; unselfish, honest, and con.scientious in the discharge of duty." [The portrait of Champlain was here unveiled.] It would have been rather a singular circumstance, at the of the early settlers of New FLngland, ber. one of the Puritans or Pilgrims, to time o f i\u andmt lor one o f th eir num have volunteered to memorize as praiseworthy the name of any prominent personage connected with the Roman Catholic f SAMUKl. in; < !l Wiri.MN. 19 (luircli; but si>nu' thinfjs seem to have changed, .ind ue trust somewhat improvetl since that day, and here this e\in- iii;^ is a painted portrait of the distinguished navi^Mtor of whom I h.ivc spoken, copiid by a nativi- of the west coast <)f I.ake Michigan, a protestant ilaui^hter of the ei^htli ^'eii- eration, in (Ureet descent from Priscilla of the Maylhtwer, who is rather a [)rominent tij^ure m Longfellow's [)oem, "The Courtship of Miles Standish," .md who, in December, 1620, left the labin of the famous vessel just nameil, and stepped "()n the wild \eu I'Jif^land shore." We shall not soon format that the I'il^rinis arrived in 1620, but it is well also to remember that Champlain with his vessel spent a day in IMymouth harbor fifteen years before. This paintin^f, intended as a copy of one of the ent^ravcd portraits of C'hami)lain by Moncornet, as it ajjpears in a \olume of the Prince Society publications, together with the frame enclosini^ i*: (which frame is not altogether w ithout a story, as may be seen on page So of the volume known as "Chicago iVntitiuities"), I beg to present tt) the Chicago Historical Society in behalf of Miss llariiet !'. llurlbut. C H I ( ■ A ( ; O : IHK(;iS I'NINIIM. liiMI \SV. p i} * H ^ ' '• hull* Ihic ClIlCACOAXTIoriTH-S: COMI'KISINd oUK'INAI, ll'KMS ANI> KKI.AI'IONS, I.KI' IKRS, I'.XIKAt IS, A\l» NulKS I'l'.K IAIN IMl In EARLY CHICACO: i: Mill: Ml ^11 ID wii It VIKWS. I'ORTRyMTS, A UTOC, K Al' IIS, P/IC. II V 111-:NRY II. IIURLIUJT. It is tliL' most complete history yet written of early C'hica^io; llie i)ool< will be fouml of abouiulimj interest, not only to the ol A >i I» I I\.I.I >• <>!M. I. 2. 3- 4- 5- 6. 7. 9- 10. II. 12. 13- 14. 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24. 25- 26. 27. 28. Annals of Chicago. .\ I ■ nnt' li\ |ii-i|ili ,\. I'.aloiicr, \.^i\.. $ Chicago Directory for 1835 Skrlih >>i « iiy. I!y Kol-crt I't-it^iis, The ^^ast of the llHnois; Origin of the Prairies. J i ). (aloii, Slavery in Illinois. Ily I .mi. William II. Ilrouii nl ( liicai^o. Early Settlers of Chicago. Sketcheo. Tail I. Ily \\ . II. liii^liiR-ll, i^arly Settlers of Chicago. Sketches. I'art 11. 8. Early Chicago. Two I turc-. Iiy ji'lm \\ tiUuinlii, I.I,. !>., lmcIi, Future of Chicago, liy llcn.y liiovMi; Its Rise and Prog. ess, l)y Jaiiu-. .\. .Mar>h:ill; Chicaf.o in 1836, by iianirt Marliiicau, Addresses Read before Chicago Historical Society, Early Medical Chicago. I'.y jaiiu- \L'\in> llyilo. .\.M., M.l'., Illinois in the i8th Century. Kaskaskia and its Parish Re- cords ; Old Fort Chartre i ; Col, John Todd's Record Book. kiail lie, till' ilij ( '|ii(.-at;o 'i>l. ,Si)c. l!y VAw. (J. .MaM)ii, I'-^l., Recollections of Early Illinois. IJy l!on. juscpli (iiik'sjiic, The Earliest Religious History of Chicago; Early History of Illinois; Early Societ;/ in Southern Illinois; Reminis- cences of the Illinois ?iar Forty Years Ago; First Mur- der Trial in Iroquois C ). for the First Murder in Cook Co. Lincoln, by I bin. I. N. Ann 1; Douglas, by las. W. Slicalian, l^s(|. Early Chicago Fort De,ir'>orn. IJy Joliii \\Vii! worth, 1,1.. 1)., William B. Ogden ; and l^Iarly Days, iiy Ibm. I. X, Arnold, Chicago River-and-Harbr r Convention, July, 1847. Comiiilcd, i Reminiscences of Early Chicago. I!y Charles ( kavor, l'>i|,, -A Winter in the West, lyt . Iciiiio Holtniaii, Iv-(|. I'uitrail, John Dean Caton, 1,1 „li., .'x-Cliief-|ustice df 111., .Skckli of. Early Chicago and the Illir.ois Bar, by Ildii. 1. N. Anidid; Early Bench and Bar of Centrel Illinois, liy lion. |as. C. (.'unkliii!; (if Sprinu'lield, III,; The La vyer as a Pioneer, by Hon. 'I'lionias -.1 -:5 -3 J 5 50 50 .so 75 40 ,00 -5 ^o 25 Hoyiu'. I'art I. ioS|). ; .Svo., 75 I'.oyal Svo. ( liai-Ass. Ivl,), Early Illinois Railroads. I'-y Win. K. Ackcniian, etc. Hon. John Wentworth's Congressional Reminiscences. Chicago Business Directory for 1846. I'y J. W. Norris, etc.. Aborigines of the Ohio Valley, liy Win. II. Harrison, I'res't V. S. .\.iifs by lldw. I'.verett, Speeches delivered at I't. Wayne, Sept. .(, 11, by Indian chiefs; al 1 , Manners and Customs of N.-W. Indians. tVom .M.SS. sii])|)o-ed to be written by (apt. Win. Wells. The Indians of Illmois and Indiana. I'.y H. W. Uetkwitli, Chicago Directory, 1843. . revised and corrected, etc. /// J'ref.<. 00 75 50 50 50 ,00 Reception to the Settlers of Chicago -prior to 1840, by the (aluinet Club, .May 27, lS7(). Coiii|iiled by Hon. jolin \\'eiit\vortli, 50 My Own Times, liy jolin Reynoids, iate ( iov. o( Illinois, etc. I'<^itrait, 7.50 Pioneer History of Illinois. I,y (iov. joliii Reynolds. /// J'irss. 5.00 Martyrdom of (I '., I'. ) Lovejoy; tlic Life, Trials, etc. I!y Henry 'Tanner. 2.00 English Settlement in Edwards Co., 111. liy ( ieo. T lowvi-. I'orlraits, 5,00 Sketch of Enoch Long, an Illinois Tioneer, Tortrait. 2.cx) The Edwards Papers. I'ortiaits of (Iov. X. lulwards and lianiel I'. ( Ook, and 10 fac•^ilnile (l,,liogra;ilH'il) letters, T'.diled by Hon. v.. I!. W.i>hburne. (loth, Svo., ()j;4 pp. 1SS4. 6.(X) .Any of ihc .ibiivc Im-.iks scut by mail !• ,iny part i>iiiliiij;>,* Co., C'lii<*!»{a,*<*«