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D D D This Kmh Is flliMd at tlw rtduetion C« doeumsnt sst fHin* su tswi 4s 1 lOx 14x 18x 22x 26x 30x / I 12x ItR 20x 24x 28x 32x to ttM 9««M«ottty of : NatlmMl Xtibrary of Canada pMtibi* eonaid-ring «»• co«dlti«i» •«i»^"»«V of tha orlflinal cow •«»<» »n kaaping whh tho filmifie eomraet apocif ieotiona. Original eooiaa li» prtoiad papar covara a»a fllmad bagtoming with iha from covar "-^ •^J^* "" SJlaat paga whh a |Kln«Nl or HUMWattj* • •Ion. or tho bock covar '^ WW^i' ^tha oihar originol copiaa ara fUmad baginnUig on tho flTM paga wHh a printad ar »«»«~»l*T^X-a ■ion. and anding on ttia laat paga with a printad or Muotratad impraaaion. Tha laat raeordad frama on aach "»»erof Icha •haU contain tha avmboi -♦ «•««.«•"« .Sg."!"; TINUED"). or tha aymbol V (moaning two i. vvhiohovor appliaa. Mopa. plotaa. charts, ate., may bo filmed at diffarant radoctlon ratios. 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SIR WILFRID LAURIE^ p.o^ o.aM.o. ox TBI TRANSCONTINENTAL RAILWAY A LINK UNITINa THE PROVINCES ON CANADIAN SOIL TRANSPORTATION TO THE MARKETS OF THE WORLD a' a u K aPA-Y. jxrri'x' so, ieo3 OTTAWA SOyXBNMBNT PRINTIKO BUBIAV 1903 ^^4v|ii» crc^.cA.'zi. f<'0 d9sussi floitse of Commons Stbatts RIGHT HON. SIR WILFRID UURIER, P.C, G.C.M.O. OH TBI TRANSCONTINENTAL RAILWAY OTTAWA, THURSDAY, JULY SO, 1908 The rniMB MINISTER (Rt Hon. Rlr Wllfrlci Latirl t). Mr. Speaker, 1 bot* for leave to Introdnce a Bill to proTid* for the conitmctloo of a National Trana- continrntal Rallwar. The Bill which 1 bare th' ^onoor to place In yonr handa U divirt to two part*. The llrat pro- vides je creation of a commlsiloo to be cuoiposed of three membera, and to be empowered to bnlld a certain por- tion of the railway which la mentioned In the mil, the title of which I have Jnrt fflven. I do not know that at this moment It would serve any good purpose to go minutely Into the dliiiiosltlons of this part of the Bill. They are such as are to be found In Bills of this character, to empower the commis- sloners to do a certain work, and they de- flne their powers and their ol)llsntlons. The second part of the Bill provides for the ratlfl nation of a contract which lias been entered Into between the government and certain Kentlemei now Reeking incorpora- tion under the i. nf of the Grand Trunk rnciUc Hallway Company. This BUI will have to be supplemented by reiilutlons, whl''h I will place on the .Irder I'aper to conform with our rules of procedure In auch cases. The House has been Impatient, and not unnaturally, to be informed of the leading features of the policy which we have to present with regard to the build- ing of another transcontinental railway. It will be my duty now to inform the House and to give It all the knowledge It Is In my power to give at this moment. In order to ■atlsfy a rery legitimate curiosity. V 64— IJ A NATIONAL NSCKSglTT. First Sir, perbapa It would not be amiss If I WOT* to address myoelf at one* to a ques- tion which baa come to ua from difTerent qoartera, and which may find an echo wlthla these walls. Why this new enterprise T Why this expenditure T Why should parliament be called upon to assent to suck a policy aa la here Indicated T We ask par> Itament to assent to this iiolicy liecanse w« believe— nay, we feel certain, and ccrtala beyond a doubt— that In so dolnr we giva voice and expression to n aL.itlment, a latent but deep sentiment, which Is to-day In the mind, and stIU more In the heart, of every Canadian, 'liat a railway to extend from the shores of the Atlantic ocean to the shores of the Pacific ocean, and to be, every Inch of It, on Canadian soil. Is a national as well as a commercial necessity. That such a road mnst be built, that li is. In the Inn- gurge which I have used, a nationol and a commercial necessity, that It Is a corollary of our status as a nation that it Is a re qnlatte of our commercial development, is a proposition to which, up to this moment, I have beard no diaaent HAVB DCUBKRATKD ; NOW ACT. ExceptMn has been taken to the Immed- iate necessity of building such a road, ex- ception has been taken to the policy which we have to suggest for the Immediate con- btrnctlon of such o road ; but as to the Idea :t:s!f I have never beard a word of op- Witt b* kMr« la tto dtbttt. Tht Int m toMtrvetlM of Mrt • to«<. «M ,b« M^ oi •d .r. I Wtot.. wit- . •»■»!• •*^22j^ T« tboM who wga .« •• t>« Pycy, •» to-morrow, tad to-aorrew, •■« to-Bocrowj to tboio who toU M. Wilt, wait, wjittMo tbooo who •tfrlao M to pawo, to coMMor, to rotoet to Ml««tato •■« »o ifq«l». "J" ■Mwtr ti : Mo. ttio If 001 • «•• '« jfc llboratloB, tbto to • ttaio tat oetkw. Wo ■ood of tido to opoa n tiutt loada oo to f or- t^; If wo tot It POM » ««•/ "WW war UtIOBal Ufo. brliht u It to {o4^, *•« bo bevnd In ibaUowo. Wo cuaot woit boeaoao tlmo do«o sot woW; wo cob- Mt WOU btCOOM, IB tbooo *>y» •' *"»*«^ fBl dtttlopmont, tiBM loot to doobly toot, WOCBDBOt .It boeBBOOBttbtoBKWMllttbOfO la t triM ""ibUob going on la tbo cob- dtttoa^ou. *tlonomfowbtohttwo«Mbo folly to Ignoro and a erl»o to ororiooa, wo eauot wait, baeaaao tbo watrtoo of tbo Nortb-wwt, wbtoh for •mbOm agoo baro bo« roanod oror by »• w}«* *^ of tbo btooB. or bjr tbo ■e««^>«» J*" trtttoa of r»d man. an bow laradod from aD ■Idoo b» tho whlto raco. Tboy eamo tott year 100.000. and rtlU tbw eomo la atW greattr nnmbon. Alr«dy tboy aro at w«* oMBlng tbo long dormant ioll; alroadr tboy aro at work oowUig, banro^Bg aad rMiplng. Wo oa/ tbat «»^y ». ••*5; doty of tbo Canadian goTomaMat. It to tbo dnty of the Oanadtoa parltomont. It to tto doty of all tbooo who baro a mandato from the pMplo to ottond to tbo nooda aad r^ onlromenti of thto faat growing eoBBtry. to glTO h*«d to tbat condition of tblagt. Wo conilder that It to tbo duty of aU thMo who sit within tbooo walto by tho wUl of tho people, te prorldo Immedtote meani wherrty the prodncto of tbooo new lettlen ■ay And an exit te tho ocean at TBB LBABT F088IBLB COiT, and whereby, llkewlae. a martri "-. • bo found in thto new region for thor .toll In the foreott, In the flelda. lu the nuiiea. In the .hopa of the older prorlncee. Sneh to onr duty ; It to Immediate and tmperltlve. It a not of to-morrow, but of tbla day. of this hour ard of thla minute. Heaven grant that It be Bi.t already too late ; heaTen rfa^l'^'i whilst we tarry and dtopute. the teade of Canada to not dertoted to ,other chan- nelT and that an erer TlgUant com- Sttor Soeo not Ube to "««»' t^« tJiJf that properly belonga to thoao ^5» •«>"«^J- idge Caiada aa their naUre or their adopt- ed land. Upon thla queoUon wo feel tbat our position to abaolutely ■•*• *"t.!*!H?; we feel that it correaponda to the beating of •Terr Canadian heart. Wlthregard to the pUn which we haTO adapted for tho conatrucUon of tho road, aHSrsSTJir^otr;:;jii toSr bOTMTwTttf • wo itand apoa rory SiTJoKnS It win bo my ««*f .»o pr • wat Ctbo Bouao tbo wm«» "bleb ba^ led Bpto tbo policy wbtob wo bare a^ted and too roaooM which wo caa larobo la faroar of tto oapport iirri»cou)H'AL HOT »na.Tjp» t»ai««- Oar ooBcepUoB that tbto^i«a*» order ta itfo to tbo poopto tbo fnU boBoflt which S? biroa rtSt tooapoct from It. ebojW mtoBd weetward from tbo heart of tba maritime prorlBcoa. from tbo towa of Hone, tea; at the Juncture of tbo two Itoeo which ^Me«S from Halifax and from It Joba. X K^eS'^weU tbat ••■"•••LISfT'SVb'S Booo oar poUey tboro aro a good maay who n^tata tbat It to ramctoat tbat such a road SoSm bo eoBttructod from Quebec west. ^ to tbo PaeUto oeeaa : tbat there to BTBOod wbatoTor of exteading tbat rail- way ftom Quebec to MoBCton becanao. be^reoa QudMc and Moncton. there to ^WdT the mtercolontol Ballway. Bir, theanower which wo bare to make to thla objection to ntoln, obrloaa, categorical, per- emptory and paramount; tho answer to tbat tba latercoloutol Borer waa Intended, aad BOTor waa concoWod. and nercr waa ballt for tranacontinentol traffle. The Inter- eototttol waa drat coneeWed aa a mUltary load. It waa built and located for politi- cal reaaons, not from any commercial con- alteratlona. Far be It from me to cast any asperalona upon the memory of these who conceived and carried out this very use- ful onterprtoe. But If the truth must be told. It must bo said that those wbo con- celTOd and carried out the Intercolonial add- ed to Ito length, to Ita normal leni'tb. seve- ral hundred miles. I will not quarrel with them at this stnee. The reasons were political, and they were reasons we can all understand. If that raUway was located where It to to-day It was simply because It waa desired to give railway fucllltlea to the groupa of population which Inhabit the north- ern section of New Brunswick and the south shore of the Bt. Lawrence. For be It from me to blame the Judgment of those who carried out that enterprise; but the notion which tbev took affords us a lesson which we should not forget at the present tlire. The action which they took la a lease n to us who an to-day entrusted with the destinies of thto nation, as the trustees of t°je people, tbat In building a transcontinental railway we have to build not only fur the time being, but for the morrow as well, and not for one locality, but for the whole of Canada. Sir, the men of 18G7 built for the condition of thlnga which they found In 1807 ; but wt the m«n of 1908, bar* to bolM for tbo coBdtttoB of tbiaci whiefc oilaM te IMI, ud Dot unly for that coDaitlon of thlaga, bat alao tor a condittou of tblaga tbat w* mo looiBlDg np la tb* aoar tvlur*. NSW rARMI, 4«., THI JOTTinCATION. Tbo Uno wblcb wo propooo will oztOBd from tbo Quoboo brMgo down on tbo aontb- •m itopo of tbo moontalno wblcb oitond tbrovgb tbo conntlo* of Mrta, Bolloebaaao, Montmofnr. L'istct, Kamooraaka and XtnilscouaU up to tbo town of Bdnvndaton. At tbo town of Rdmnndaton tbat lino will eoniMct witb tbo ayattm of rallwara wblcb nuw give* direct countctlon witb Bt Jobn. t'rom tbo town of Bduundaton tbo railway will inrocood oaatv "^ to tbo town of Mono- tou ; It I* Impofe. .h to aay at tbia momont bjr wbnt routo. pctbapa bj Cbtpaun. or In tbo vicinity of Oblpman. At all ornta, from tbbi point It la tmpoaalblo ozaetly to locat* any preclao lino, or to aay wboro It will bo ul- timately. Borneo It to aay tbat wo doair* to boTo tbo boot and tb* abortaot Un* be- tween L'al Ball- way. I have already taken Issue with my late colleague the ez-Mlnlster of Railways and Canals (Hon. Mr. Blair), and once more I beg to tab* Issue with him upon this point If you win look at the map you wilt perceive tbat tbe Intercolonial Rail- way, when It leaves the station at Halifax, proceeds almost directly in a atraigbt line to tbe head watera of the Bay of Kundy, wh'ich it reacbea at Truro. From Truro the line proceeda In an almost due went course to Moncton. From Moncton it atrlkea northward to the waters of tbe Bale des Chaleurs. Upon reaching tbe waters of tbe Bale des Chaleurs, it hugs tbo shore very closely until It come* to tl> confluence of tbe Resiigoucbe river. At the Restigouche river tbe line strikes northwards again and f oUowa the wa lera of the 8t Law- renc* river to ChandWre Junction, a little west of LiCvls. Thus, the line makes a long loop towarda the north, it describes almost a complete oemlchrcle, and tb* dlstanc* covar- •d by It I* M l**i than 488 mile*. If It war* BoaalM* to bav* a Un* of railway in n alr*et cvurs* from Livl* to M«Meton It would bo p«**lbl*. I boUove, without any *ugg*ntlou. to abrtdgo tbo dIaUnco ai- ■oat t.n»'half, but. unfortunately, and 1 aay II ? -ankly to tbo House, II la not poo- siblo tv bar* an abaolutely direct Uno, or tbo abortoat lino poaalbl* b*tw**B Moneton and LC.ia, and If yon will know tbo roaaon, yon will And it at a glance at tbo map, and yon will And It In tbo blunder wblcb waa OMd* by Britlsb Uplomacy in a^' ig our boundary line by th* Asbbu' • /ebstrr treaty. No one can look at tl^ ' '< ■ •vitb- out feeling a aontlment of r r. .ilmoat akin to Indignation. But, it ' . . use to go back to what baa been done. We bnvo to take facta ua tbey are, we have to sub* mlt to tbe iuevitablo and to tbo fact tbat tbo boundary line of the atate of Maine baa bttn projected tbruugh our territory with- in a distance of about 40 milea of tbo Bt Lawrence. We have to follow the Uno of tbo atat of Maine, and following tbat lino wo believe wo can abridge tbo dlataiieo between Moncton and Mvla by from I'M mUea to 140 milea. Between tbeae two llnea of railway, tbo one extending north- ward along the shore of tbo 8t. Lawrence, and tbe line which la now Uld down on tbe ■ap, tbero wtU be a diatance at every point of at least SO miles, and at some points of at loaat 78 milea. It la impossible, under the** drcumstancca, therefore, to say that tbo ser nd lino will parallel the In- tercolor Ha.'.way. First of nU, how ran wo SO) 'it the Uno Ir iwrallel nt aU 1 What U e deflnltlon ot a parallel Una T t could ..<•. conceive that one Hue la par- nnfl'jg another becanse tbey start at the •amo point and end at the same point, Hnt tbey only become parallel llnea when It "> "^ossiblo for the iieople Uvlng between thise two lines to use either tbe one or tbe oilier of tlicm. This Is a condition which doea not apply to the present line which wo are contemplating. There will tw a distance of SO miles, which alone would prevent com- munication from one to the other, but,. In addition to that, between these 90 miles, there is a chiin ot mountains which It is very dltDrult for ytople to overcome. There- fore, I Sby it cannot be fairly stated that this line Is going to parallel the line that we already have in existence. I stated a moment ago that the Une of the Intercol- onial RaUway waa placed where it Is for political reaaona. Certainly, those who built that Uno, thoao who conceived It. thoae who planned it, never contempbtted at tbo time tbat the day would ever come when it wonid be need for tranacontlnentnl transportation, yet, scarcely bad the last rail iMen put down, scorcely bad a train com- menced to mn upon It when It waa dis- covered tbat tbe long, tortuous meandera of the line were a serious Impediment to trade^ oven to tbe comparatively amaU trade of the CaiMKta of that day. An •ji^Uon 1»^ meWtely commenced Ui the ^^ ^ TlncSrin the proTlnce of Quebec »«, •▼" haw* B ahorter line bnllt between tne cen J^VcSnfXatlon •««» the ewrtern p.^ of Canada. Thoae who *«• '" <^ gon» of Common. In the T**" J^Sft 1«1. iHM iffiS and 1884 will remember that '.i- Se fact that the Intercolonial EaUway *cSnld no\ wrre the P-^SHL^'iJS'hS^To InK traffic of Canada, and that ^« "* ;" Sfd a ahorter line of railway ««« ^t'l" Und The feeling became bo acnte. the ng- a«on bicime L .tnmg. that (be ^Te«- iTi«nt of Sir John MacdonaW had to giTe h^ tS ItTand in 1884 the following reaota- «!^wa. in&ced by Sir 0^«le. Topper, then Minister of Ballwaya aud Canals . 8IR JOHN A. MACDONALD AND «B» CHARI.B9 TUPPBR. Por the conitmctlon ol a line of railway ««- ..^Mn> Montreal with the barboun of St. Joan ?SS ?XiTf« br tt. ■hortMt ana ft pracUo- rr^Tuai-Lr.ti^S.^j^arart^u of the company undertaklnf the work. Mark the language of tbla resolution. For the construction of a line of «"^' «"?: —.tin. Montreal with the harboura of Bt JoM SSS H«m«^^ the .horUrt and bert praeUe- «ble route. There was an admission that the line of tbJ^n"r«*on{la Ballway wa. "Ot the *ort (St and best pracOcable route, that It couio not wrvetbe purposes of the growing trade Sf tSrtoe%ut;rtrong as Is the "dmlsslon ronta^ned lA the resolution, It Is perhaps SSfl Xr that I should «'ve t''llr'cd« tarles made on that occasion by Sir CUariea Topper himself to Illustrate «"« develop the thought that Is there contataea. He aald : „ s£!SeT.7;e'b ?r"oVKrc«io2; JSroSgh the North-wert Territories .through tt. pro°"5ce ot Ontario, and in ^^l^royli^ctotQu,. W^ ottrh^VeTr^AttaM Et- »c» to^ Vhrp"io-5-« Swtla or Prince Edward Iiland. or the province nf ij.w Brunswick, but I believe It baa taken ?urt M d!errhoui ot the mind, o' our Vn*?2: of the other proylnce. almct ai It ha. In the maritime proylnce.. Althouih OTery effort ha. X'L?t'':t^^.^Vu\tr«v^;.^«t ?h'i;h irage'^c*, rtrstej^oiinrai |"W ?h°.T..r«:anaT/ wMch w. »if-t,~r'th: '",'S.?i":J.;e7thrpo\i»on In which thl. ,-..- tloa^Und. frSm it. national " >"«f ' ?ely nSt .vl. .nA X. believe I may confidently reiy n« IX' ^n the ktad .uppirt ot «"'' «»«•»! ;CrJ.7^ of the HouM lor carrying out a m^- MW which hSJ b.« eon.ld.red by the gover^ ».Sr» i» all lU a»pacU and In all It. *.»''»? SS, a v'ewS the promotion of the be.t la- ?5?lfaaNriu'be brought within «7S mll«j. and U ....I ifi «ha nraaent dl.tance from Montreal lo Stlin« V» mil" in the dl.tance from Mont- 5rfi f « Sallha Vn mile., and the dl.unce to ?t'*joh« wu"b;«°duced !«•»"«• \,^;: onlv to read these nnures to the Ho""*' m order to .how that the Kovernmcnt. In ask- ing for this aid in extending pract cally the Smmu. the Canadian Pacific «»"»;»(•'"- Iti-in. .. It Will the transport of the traffle o? hi?h the Grand Trunk Railway and the Cana- aid°ow own^iu la t?e maritime provinces. J?e askUald which will, without any question. rtWbe*th*:Uor'tyt /ne to Montreal.^but lS'f:rnerv.Var;uh., . very br,e^ oerlod-I have .tated four year, as the term Sf these resolutlons-thls line of communi- cation win be P"J«t«a„"« '*; '^l" have Z c'o'm'lSSf ^-.fitir-of PJl^B e%^^'^?lil:?w,Sc o7'^r<5aV-^in;4'c.«c'^ ^5%o this ~olnt.o7 course, are based upon b?oad and nStlonal considerations. They are foSnded upon a policy that 1»,«"«»'"^ '"* ha. been recognised from the first as the first 3"y that w. owed to the country, and that ?s to be obUlned by the construHlon of a national line of railway the "'o'"' P""'"'! Intercommunication between one section of our countnr and another. The great 'JI'fL*"'"'*" under which Canada ha. laboured, if It may ho retarded a. a dUadvantage. wa. the re- ooontry from one aaoth«r. and wa have an regarded It u a flnt datjr m owad to tk* oeoa* trr to endeaTOur to nmoTO and obriato that at far at ponlbte br dImlnUhlag the dlitanee between all the Important pointt of eommual- eatlon in the aeveral aeetlona o( our oountrr, that bringing them aa clotely aa we oould to-' gather. Not onljr commerelally hot aoelally, the greateat potalble adrantage may be fairly espeoted from ahortening the dlitanee of inter- communication between the great commercial eentrea of the country and Uie oatlylri por- tlona of It Now, Sir, In thla long extract which I have read from thnt Important apeech of Sir Charles Tnpper, the central Idea la thnt the mode of commnnlcating with the maritime ports over the Intercolnnlal Rollway was In- adeqaate on aeconnt of Its abnormal lenrth, and that it was the duty of the Canadian parliament and the Canadian people to at once provide for a shorter route of com- munication between the west and the east This policy was never dissented from ; It was accepted Immediately. But, I would call the attention of the House to one thing which Is noticeable, which perhaps has es- caped the attention of gentlemen on the other side, but which did not escape our attention when we were sitting on that side —It is noticeable that whilst Sir Charles Tupper lays great ttresa upon the fact that our national harbours must b« upon Can- adian territory and that we should have a shorter line of railway between 8t John and Halifax he specially arotded any refer- ence to the equally great necessity that that line of railway should be on Canadian ter- ritory. Some hon. MKMBERS. Hear, hear. Tlie PRIME MINISTCa Silting aa we were on the oppDsltion side of the House we were not slow to point to thia omission. We called the attention of the gOTemment to It, and as we received no satisfaction, then I, sitting in the seat now occupied by my hon. friend from Jacques Cartier (Mr. Monk), moved the following amendment because we had reason to believe as It actually turned out to be true afterwards, that it was the Intention of the government of that day not to build the short line of railway upon Can- adian territory but upon American territory. I moved : WHBN IN OPPOSITION. That the said reiolutlon be not now read a leeond time, but that it be referred back to a Committee of the Whole with power to amend the tame by providing that the route tor the line of railway connecting Montreal with the harboura of St Jolu and Halifax, for which a Bubild? of $170,000 a year for 15 reart it pro- vided, thoiild be subject to the approval of parliament I am aorry to say that this motion was defeated. If it had not u«9a defeated, if the policy which was there eiiundated had been implemented, probably it would not ba my duty to-day to ask this House to vote money for the building of another line be- tween Quebec and Moncton, for the line would hav« been built on the very ground where we now propose to locate it How- ever, the motion was defeated. And In order to obtain the mnjority of parliament to vote against this motion, the government had to promise and it made the promise on tbo floor of this House, that during the recess between that session and the follow- ing session, surveys and ezplorationa would be made by competent engineers to discover If wc conid not have a better route than the one which was indicated as we understood, across the state of Maine. Dur- ing the recess In the summer of 18S4 several exploring parties went out and their reports can be found In a return which was brought down In the session of 1885 being a : Return to an Addreia (Senate) presented te Hit Excellency the Oovemor General, dated the 17th March last; praying Hla Excellency to cause to Im tald before thla House coplea of the reports of the various surveys made by engineers under the direction of the govern- ment for a line of railway connecting Mont- real with the harbours of St. John and Halifax by the ahortest and best practicable routs Including the reports ot Messrs. A. L. Light and Vernon Smith on the Ilnea surveyed by them, respectively, running op the valley ot the Stchemla river and from Canterbury, N.B., to the northern end of Chesuncook Lake, in the aUte ot Maine. In the session of 1885, the government came down with the policy which had been foreshadowed the previous year, that Is the policy to build a short line of railway, not upon Canadian twritory but across American territory. In the state of Maine. The resolution was Introduced by Sir Charles Tupper and It was In these terms : Alto tor a line of railway connecting Mont- real with the harbours ot St. John and Halt- tax via Sherbrooke, Moose Head Lake, Matta- wamkeag, Harvey, Frederlcton and Salisbury, a subsidy not exceeding $80,000 per annum tor 20 years, forming in the whole, together with the subsidy authorised by the Act 47 Vic, cap. 8, a subsidy not exceeding $250,000 per annum, the whole of which shall be paid In aid ot the construction ot such line for a period ot 20 years, or a guarantee of a like sum for a like period aa interest on the bonds ot the com- pany undertaking the work. Well, Sir, w« took strong exception to this policy and that exception was formu- lated in an amendment which I myself moved from the opiiosltion benches and which wos In these werds : In the opinion of this House, additional aur- vejrs are requisite in order to a sound deci- sion for the short line railway, and it would be premature to adopt any lino before further surveys have been made. The surveys which liad been made had not been complete. The line was simply sur- veyed in a portion of the province of Que- bec and very little in tlie province of New Brunswick. We therefore demanded before ttM noUcT WM adopted to ran tl»at line of IStl^^y o«o« the Site of Maine, that nev. wrvera should be made to that we might "Le W a better -"d*"**"*"'^^!. £?*!• UO.I and arrive at a »«>' • »"»? J?£'*i?r: Acaln. I am aorry to aay, thta «»•«»"'''" voted down and the policy wa. adopted of bnlldlnB the abort line of railway acroaa the Jtate of Maine. Now. Sir. It hna been more w leaa In the air for the last twenty yeaw ?hat the government of Sir John Macdonald nwented very rclnctontly to the Po\lej of SXCthc ihort line otrniln^ ^«o^t^ •tate of Maine. There haa been a tndiuoo In the air for a great «»ny ^f " JSj^i^t DoHcT waa Imposed upon the government ^"a%enUeman who was thena very power- ful member of the admlnlatratlon. As to that however. I hav« nothing to aay. What- Iver mw have been the reason, the poUcy w" S^ of building the Short line of riuway across the state of Maine, Now, Sir, to the House. . want at this moment to call attention to a parOcular phase of It. The resolnOon called for a "«>e ofrau «aV connecting Montreal with thetartouw Tf ^Bt John ami Halifax, via Sherbrooke, Mooaehead Lake Mattawamkeag, Harvw Krt^on and Salisbury. "Tj^-^nSd that these words. Harvey, ^^re^'le*?" »"* Salisbury has been Inserted in order toglve S ,K route to Halifax I '«h.red ^^ the time. In the speech which I^ae"7«J*S in BTODort rf my motion, to point out that SeSf words seemed to be an after-thought. I did not believe that they ^e"»/«»J«*f I BUDDOsed that they were a bUnd, and I UrS my opinion accordingly. The bus- K to which I gave expression caUfJo' Sn answer from the government which was given by Sir Hector Langevln. and It was In these words • word of the government, but to the word of Mrilament-wbatever may have been those JeasoM. I do not know, but some years Ut« Ot took four or five years to complete Ihrilne by way of Sherbrooke and Matto- wamkeag): about the time th^ road wa. completed. In the session of 1880. »ir •»""" 3onald. under the strong PJ«»«" jjl'^jl was brought to bear upon him by the parties whU Interest It was to have this railway built from Harvey to F^.'^^'^';*"" '"^-S bury. Introduced Into thU House a resom tion to the following effect : Well. I am sure the »«"»•.««"'"??'" Jl"L°! plliled to hear th. ««i»""»°,.'"=,V?2e'ar- moSey U .mployed a. parliament wtahe.. TJiPSfi were very stro-ig words: but u turned ou^aftwwJrds that my suspicions w"e correct, and that these words were In- ^vemment ln>Plenientlng that P~»J^«J «». "'^'-ricn^^rJo'^* t'u'^Ji -t SSy'A That It la .rpeaieat that a '»»'•» *;'2?„ 2 conatmetad aa a «<»'•"•»"' 'K^'.iT'J^'ij. nolnt ol lunetlon on the New BninswloK t«»» W. at or near Harvey, m. t^e provlnc. of New , RmMwIek and a point ot lunotlon with tfte railway. ThU waa another effort to Implement the go^DM promise which had »»««"„'?>»''<; ° Se floor of parliament That Bill passed ttfa H?5sl. The resoluUon was «»*»« ''^^• adopte* and put In the shape of a Bill, whichwas tait to th.. Senate. But that h^SenSfln the Senate ^Wch rarely happoied hi those days ; the Senate ?SJrtSl the Bin thu. wlemn^ InU^ iinrad to the govemmenti wnatever SSSThave been tte reasons, whatever Sw have fceen the whispers In the Mn of senators, whatever may have teS the influences which caused the Senate ttS to ret«l against the policy of the gov- Xent. 1? Is not for me to say : 1 have no nnrtlculars on th s point to offer. But cer ?a"ln It U that In th^ following year a com- innv was formed, known as the St. i-aw- S Tnd Maritime Provinces Railway Com- Tany. which tradition says was acting under TuM understanding between the Grand Trunk Railway Company ".nd the govern ment of Sir John Macdonald for the con- ^ructlon of a line of railway from tho own of Edmundston to Moncton. If that railway had been built. It would have pi-ovidcd a shorter line of communication by way of HaHfax. Moncton. Edmundston. and Blv 6re du Lonn. The line was surveyed, aud 1 have the report of the engineer In chaige. Mr! Davy, who said that a good "ne could ^fotmd between Edmundston and Monc- ton. Here Is his language : Th. toUl length ot the line surveyed from Grand FaUs to Berry's Mills was 1»6 miles, and ?J?in.^thl?tT-BU miles from Edmundston to S Fans and seven mile, from Berry's Mill. fo^oncton "be toUl dlsunce from Mmun^?- ._t„Mnnrton would be 20D mile., which would 'r^kir t"f dL^aTce from Mot.tre.1 to Hllf", 5ifrh=rr-,nJ Trunk, to ChaudlSre Junction, the by tUo GranJ /J"",',,:, ju Loup, the Temis- 0?^ tonla^ trEdmund.ton^'^ind the pro- 'p^U«to*Monclon and thence by th. In- Vh^-l'.Ur.'^ttiJ^"'." S;^n« River north" tteSluon Rang., which, a. I have al- fMdr lUttd, 1 Mplortd mTMU and wltt m Unea of at I««it t«ii mll«« would b« obflnad, and th« ImproTamant of tka Una at tk* d« OhaU RlT«r. Meomia#iidad by Mr. Onuuton, would BiM aBoet a aaTliig ol dUtanco, lo tbat, In my opinion tho total langtli from Mmundaton to lloneton may bo roduood to 199 mjlo". « «» mlloi from Montreal to Halifax. TImo did not allow tor our making a eomplato inrray of tne Una by thaia altamatWa ronlaa at tha two poInU I hara ratarred to. but I bellaTa that wban mada It will raiult In tha aaTlng of dU- unea already itated. However, Sir John Macdonuld died ahortly afterwards, and the scheme fell through. THB UBBRAL FOUCT. Now, Sir, the policy which we propose, opart from all other considerations, may be taken as a step, tardy thongh It be, to Im- plement the solemn pledge which was made In 1888. I confess. Sir, that perhaps thU of Itself would not be a sufficient reason, though In one respect It ought to be a sufficient reason; because. If there is one thing as to which the parlhiment of Canada ought to be flan, It ought to be that the solemn word of parliament Is sacred, and that every promise ma'dc by parliament should be implemented. But, Sir, there is another consideration of a far more important character than this, to which it 1» now my duty to call the special attention of parliament. When Sir Oharies Tupper in 1885, speaking from the placo from which I now speak, stated that the Intercolonial Hallway, located as it was, could not perform the aervice we ex- pected from it, that It could not give thorough satisfaction In the way of pro- viding transportation for the growing trade of Canada, he stated a proposition to which, no exception was taken to it then, no exception can be successfully taken now. But, Sir, there is something more than that. When Sir Charles Tuppper stated also at that time that It was essential to the welfare of the people of Canada that the terminus of any transcontinental rail- way that we might have should be In Can- adian territory, in Canadian ■ waters, he simply voiced what .is the conscience of the Canadian people. I am sorry that Sir Char- les Tupper did not with equal firmness In- sist that not only should the terminus be in Canadian territory. In Canadian woters, but that the route itself should be in Can- adian territory. When le agreed tbat the line should be in American territory. Sir Charles Tupper went back on the heart and conscience of the Canadian people. Now, Sir, we lay It down as a principle, upon which we are to be Judged by friend and fo*, that we are to have a transconti- nental railway, that ita terminus must be In Canadian waters, and that the whole line, every inch of it, must be In Canadian terri- tory. We say further that such a line la a neceaslty of our commercial tndependene*. 8U:, I am surprised at the levity displayed by some hon. gentlemen on so grave a queatlon. What have yon to say to-day to this 1 W^at are your mhids running to when yon have facta staring yon in the face which show yon that at this moment Can- ada Is not commercially Independent of the United States? What Is our position to- day ? From tho early days of railway de- vekHJment of this country, we have been dependent on American good-will for the transportation of our goods across Ameri- can territory. From the early days of Can- adian railway development, we have been forced to make ose of American territory and harbours. The American government granted us the bonding privilege. They granted us the privilege of using their har- bours for our Imports and exports without paying them tolls and customs dues. But my hon. friends opposite are aware that this privilege has always been held over our heads by the American authorities as a sword of Damocles. My hon. friends on the other side are aware that the abroga- tion of this privilege has been used again and again as a threat to obtain from ns conceesions. Why, Sir, it is only last week tbat an American dtiaen of great influence wrote a letter to the London 'Times,' In which he reviewed the policy we have offered to the British government. When in England last year, the Canadian min- ister* at the intercoIonlRl conference made this proposition to the Britiwh authoritiee : The <^iiiadian ministers elated tbat If they ceuli -^ asaured that tha Impnlal KOTernment wauld acccipt the iprlnolple of preferential trade Renerally and pi^Icularly crant to the food producto of Canada In the United Kingdom ex- emption from duUea now levied or hereinafter imposed, they would be prepared to gofurthw into the aublect and endeavour to give to the Britiih manufacturer aome increased advantage over his foreign compotitors In ibe markeU of Canada. OPINIONS or UNITED STATES PRESIDIBNTS AND OTHERS. This policy is to-day attracting the at- tention of the clviliaed world. It is being submitted to the British electorate, and It Is this p^Icy which Is reviewed by an Ameri- can citizen, Mr. Andrew Carnegie, in the great exponent of public opinion lu Eng- land, the London ' Times. ' Mr. Cinnegie states the reason why the British public and tlie Canadian electors cannot give heed to this policy which I have Just outlined, cannot go forward with It, cannot under- take to give the British people a preference in return for a preference from them, be- cause the American citizen has a weapon lu his bands which he can bring down upon the head of the Canadian people, and that weapon is the bonding privilege. Mr. Carne- gie, In a letter, which I find summarised la 10 ■ome iiewn«P«». M" *•■ ^•^ •Wklnt »"»* ■ignlflcftnt liingTMKO : A wor« from tb« prtildMt eaBMla tk* »rl- YllMM BOwiwitMMlr MImM tO Oalfd* Of ?..Tdut7 for •« "Oi«*« «» »!•':"'%: her own porU oro Ico bewrf. 8ho uoo uo DriTlleM iSTtho 7««r. Prort*mt :iooaoTelt U tate a momont to iv tfco wei*. ^ntj^oa ho •Bd all Wo cabinet wo«W bo poworlow to »•- ■Ut tho hnperloua domand that ot^Jooot wo ■houM no* fnnilih *•>• ''••P";^*''«*,^"i3 another power to wottirt ne. The withdrawal ot 4*0 prlTtteso flTOB to Canada would pro- babiy bo aufflclent to eatlatr Oreot Brltoln thot the American people wore In •*f»J2*\, 'J*"?! tlatlono would aoon bofln, and tho prlrllofo ao raihir dlatribnted would bo restored. 8lmal> taneooslT pe«ee would reltn, but the blttoraMe created would remain tor yoari to "tM* »• return to the proMO* VBOWitllT eordlol roio- tlona ao wantonlr impalrot. Let me ob*etT« that It we h«T« vttA Amerlcnn porU, It 1« not becnnee far At* months In the yew onr own porti »»'«•• bonnd. Brerjljody knowi that our iwrtt In winter ore jMt as open at the American imr^ boors. Byerybody kpowa, except Ifc An- drew Ctroegle and the bidk of American public opinion, that If we haT* nsed Ameri- can ports and tho bonding prlTllege, It was not because onr harbonra were Ice-bonnd In winter, but simply because we had no rall- wnys to reach them.' In the face of this, are the Canadian parliament and people going to stand on their manhood and place ns In such a position that at all times of the year, not only by one railway, but by two or more, we shall haye access from January to December to onr own harbours, and be able to say to our American neighbours: ' Take off your bonding prirllege whenever It suits you, we are commercially Indepen- tlent-' ^ ,^ Hon. gentlemen apposite may ask : Who la BIr. Andrew Carnegie, he Is sImPly an American citizen, he Is not speaking for the nation ? Sir, when men speak, who are In the position of Mr. Carnegie, we mnst take It for granted that they know something of the public opinion of their country. We know that Mr. Carnegie, unfortunately, is not voicing his own opinions alone, but the opinions of a large section of the American people, because the ideas to which he has given expression have been again and again expressed In the American press. We can- not take a step to better onr position, to im- prove our trade, but we are told from the American side that we had better look ont, hecanse, forsooth, the bonding Iprivlle0r will be taken from us. When, in 1800, Sir Charles Tupper thought of asking for ten- tiers for the fast Atlantic service— a thing, with which, after aU, the American public | have nothing whatever to do, a thing which Is purely a measure of domestic concern— we were told by the American press that If we dared to go on with that project, the' «hw TMt •BuL' whicb is an AmaHcan of ImJSZ. mS^. food axponent of Ameri- tS^uJ o3l«l««rwhlch volc« *••««- men£ and stmi the prejndicas of tt«^^»«> m MODl^-uid I do not ust tb* word 'pjt- diMsanMm«tlDM« «nly the tzacgentton of . SfhtafoSSL aS Ido not blame any ono f o? tavlnSMS. in W. beart. tbw bri«f fJeonent^ Se resnlt of edncatlwi "«•<**• S^umstMces-but tbs New 7«>;*J*«S' Boe^« of the project of a fast AtlanUc S^iSTbeJwen &«land and Canada, made use of tbe foUowlng Ungnage : uiSp:?,"'?o*5;^":r-«'ssf'Sr"^:i««« iiS5rii.Jrw5^^««*;wo-^ ttea tho ronto *o a«« **»»2g.*V*^'^J!: Sd Keo Us odvanaps MO ofcvlo-. Oo^an^ nerehaadlse would be oarHed frosa »l irwi w Ou^MMwonch Anorieaa territory and ir pro- SSuM o' oS bo»«at prtvlloso. aad koeord- rS« the Omrdtoa PaeWo Railway wo»ld bo !S!u*?«S«ri2«oIy by their t»an.porv,tlon wMtwftrA* Here la a condemnation of the policy wSSr had been adopted a few TJ*" «>•'•"• 5 Svlng the Canadian Pacific Hallway bnllt across the state of Maine • The prlvBege thus conferred by us >■ ^'■•*|>/ .JL^tiLx to the prosperity of that eompjny. ?51riid«>«M not rSi without It. The Can- iwmT by our eulfewuieo and dlroot t»sist*nee. SST^f.^L.kit wHii feodors and trafflo e»«entlal JI*iM2e«rryrt It wis buHt aad la mala- tSiiSd S "^iu^ ro^ along *he northern S-H£v%onw»«: wS'sSnrn^'.X^^V'v w -t ^iSSce-r-r ^. '^xS^^e: '^rr So'voSit ?u-S."Kr.';w «e.«- Sr,^?o tre'»vanCof'our own ra.^oad.? Sir I am told, and perhaps I may be told ■«ilA- This Is simply the opinion of a f^l^'ii-* whT Sir If the expression of SS'm«r'a^prSensl5> «P«- the sui,Ject ^J-* :^'el.tirthrex?iU'n;%f tKlgk- Si te thS land, of those In authority, of JSoai who •"in a position to speak for the *m«rt«in Bovernment and the American ^^nJpt Whit wm you say when I bring jrmJs.n'Sr orp;^Ident, of tte ftt^ States and r^t^'J^T^nLTv^l^!^. nte » In the month of August, 1888, i-resi- dent Cleveland sent the following message to Congress : 11 Tto Tain* to tk* DoBtslea of Oaaate tt tk* yrirUcg* ot tnuU for tkalr mperU and lm> »*ru aeroM ear tarrlterr. aad t« aad from a«r •ortt, thontk iraat Ib •▼er; tspMt, wUI b« batter appreeUtad wbr^a It la raaambarai tkat, for a aoaaldarabl* portloa of aaek yaar, tka •t lAwrtnea riTar, whleh eonatltv*** tha direct avanna of foralgn eommeroa leadli^ ta Canada, la elotad br Ice. Dorlog tbe Uat ais yeara tba tmperta aad azporta of BrItlab Oaaadlan proTtncea aarrtad aeroaa onr territory nndar the prlrllcgta (ranted bx oar lawa, amoontad la Talne to about two hundred and aaTanty milllona of dollara, aearir all of whleh ware tooda dutiable under onr tarlS lawi, br far the larger part of thla traOe eoa- ilttlnf ot exchaacea of gooda between Oreat Britain and her American proTlaeaa brought to and carried from our porta la their own rea- lela. The treaty atlpulatton entered Into by onr goTemment waa la harmony with lawa wbleh were then en oar atatn'e book, and are atlll la force. I recommend Immediate leglalatlTe action con- ferring upon the ezeeutlTO the power to au»- pend by proclamation the operation of all lawa and regnlatlona permitting tha transit of gooda. warea and merehandlie In bond aorosa or over the railway! ot the United Statea to or from Canada. Thla was tbe Iaiigt]age,tlieperempt(n7laii- Runge of tbe president of the United States. Nov, It Is, perhaps, not ont of place, nay, it Is extremely Important, to make dear what waa the cante which brought President Clerelnnd to hcM tnii'a a threat orer onr headr, 7 The canse was the fact that we wonM not agree— the Canadian goTernment, the Canadian people, would not agree— to the abrogation of the Fisheries Oonyention of 18J& Under the convention of 1818, Ameri- can fishermen are granted certain prlrlleges In Canadian waters. They are aGowed to make use of the shore of Nova Scotia and New Bninswick for certain purposes— for wood, water, repairs and shelter. They are not allowed to make nse of that coast to boy bait or to land their Ssb. The Ameri- cans have applied to ns again and again for these two privileges, the privileges of buylug bait in Canadian territory and the privilege of landing their cargoes of flsh. We have refosed, unless we were given some compensation. We baTO always been ready to viigotiate with them. We have told ihe American flahermen again and again : We will share with yoa onr advantages, if yoo will share with us your advantages. On the coast ot Nova Scotia, ve have a basis for the operations of fishermen, and Can- adian fishermen have the advantage that they can use the coast to supply themselves with bait and tc land thetr cavgoes of fish. The American fishermen have the advantage of having a' market in their owu territory. We have told them again and again : Yes, we are ready to agree with you ; give us the opportunity of sharing with you your market, end we will give yon tbe privilege of sharing with us the advantages of onr base of operations. That was a fair propo8!>l. But It never was acceded to, it never waa accepted. But, becau«e we would not agree to gtve away our blrthrisht, we were threat- mod by President aereland with tbe with- drawal of the bondlag privilege. Nor la that an. A few yean afterwards, in the ■eaalon of Conpeaa of 1898, a report was brought down to the Senate from the Com- mittee on Interstate Commerce again deal- ing with the bonding privilege. This time, the reason why this threat was held over our heads was. not on account of the fishery qnestlon, but as aeconnt of the railway ques- tion. The American railways wanted to have certain privileges upon onr territory that we were not prepared to give them ; and, because we would not give them these advantages, becauaa we were not ready to make the soli of Canada, for railway ptir- poses, part of the territory of the TTiuted States, again we were threatened with the removal of the bonding privilege. Thla waa the conclusion of the report I have referred to: The comi^ttee therefore recommend that either such a lleense system shall ue eetabllshed aa wUIbo applicable to the Canadian rall-oads doing bttslnees la the Vnited SUtea, or that some other plan, net Injurlone to the general trade aad eommeree of the country, be adopted whleh win secure to American railroads an equal ehanea In competition with Canadian rall- roada. Buek action. In tbe Judgment of the committee, la la the Interest not only of Ameri- can railroads, and especially American trans- continental lines, but In the Interest of Ameri- can eoBuneree and of the general prosperity of the American people. Even that was not all. In tbe following year. President Harrison again approached the subject, and again approached it in the same hostile spirit, and approach'! it, as the committee of tlte Senate had done, from the point of view of American railways. He made the following recommendation to Congress in a message dated November. 1893: Tlio statutes relating to the transportation of merehandlse between tJis Vnltsd StaAea and the British poseesstans sitonid be the subject ot re- vision. The treasury regulations bev^ given to these laws a construction and a - ■ that I do not think waa contemplated by -ess. A policy adapted to the new condltloi wing In part out of the eonktruetlon of >.„ . Jana- dlan Paclflo Railroad, should be declared, and tbe business placed upon a basis more Just to our peorle and to our transportation eompanlea. If we continue tbe policy of supervising ratee and requiring that they shall be eqqal and rea- sonable upon the railroads of the ITnlted States we cannot In fairness at the same time Klve these unusual facilities for competition to Cana- dian roads that are tree to pursue the practices as to cut rates and favoured rates that we con- demn and punish If practised by our own rail- roads. I regret that circumstances prevented an earlier examination by me of these questions but submit now these views In the hope that they auty lead to a revision of the lawa upon a safer and luster basis. IS m II AN ALL OANAOIAN BOTm. Fortnnatolr, BIr, op to tbla moment, we have eacaped th% duiJEcr wltb wbteh, on re- Siated oecaaiona, we hare been threatened, nt, Sir, what woald happen if at any mo- meat there thoold come one of thoae f renalee. one of thoae perloda of excitement which we have Been lometlmea amongat nationa, the American nation tnclnded T At any moment we may be deprlred of the bonding prlvllegn which we have had np to the prceent. Tt 3 only way whereby we can contemplate ancb a contingency with equanimity la to pruvide agalnat It, and to have upon our own terri- tory all the facUitlea by which we can get acceaa to onr own harbonra. Bir, oar re- hitlona to-day with our American neighbours are friendly ; they were never more ao, and I hope they win ao continue. For my part— I never made any aecrct of it— I have the greatest possible admiration for the American people. I have alwaya admired their many strong qualities. But I have found In the short experience during which It has been my privilege and my fortune to be placed at the head of affalra, by the win of the Canadian people, that the beet and most effective way to maintain frienda^lp with our American neighbours u to be AB80LUTBLT INDEPENDENT OF THBM. These are the reasons why we apply to parliament to give Its countenance to the policy which I have outlined, a policy which win give to this new Transcontinental Rail- way Its terminals In our own harbours, and an all-Camtdlan route to reach them. Now, Sir, let me cnU your attention to some of the objections taken against this proposition, which we have seen and heard In the press ? They teU us : If you build this raUwny right through you will injure the Intercolonial. Sir, I do not admit that we would injure the Intercolonial, becn>''e ttlU anotber. Otlior roada ■r« alao Rolns to b« built tbera to meet the Inereagiiiff wont* of tb* people. Tbe Cnn«- «tan FtcUc RaUway baa Ita exit «■> the ■ortb 8boi« of Lake Superior ; tboae olber mlhrnya Iinro no exit. It Is onr Intention tbat tbia roa'* ahnll be kept and malntnlncd under our auperTlslon, «o that oil rallwayi) may jcet the beneiit of It, »o tbnt the Can.i- dlan people may not be compelled to build another road across tbat section of conntry. This Is thu rrason wliy we bare adopted a policy which I shall supplement loter ou by other explanations. WILL CRBATB TRADB. Now, I Win be asked : Why do you nr' re- tain also tbe western section 1 Wliy do you not continue bulldtng by the government (be railway from Winnipeg to the Pnclflc ocean T We came to tbe conclusion to have that railway built and operated by a com- pany for the reason that we do not believe, nnder existing circumstances, and for many years, perbaps for many generations to come, it will be possible, with such activity as may be developed In that section of tbe country, sucrcssfuUy to operate It as n gov- ernment road. I may be biassed and pre- ludioed on this question. I formed my opinions some years ago, ond perlwips I may be nermlttod to relate a personal experlcnco which went far to form my own conviction In this regard. In the fnll of 1800, Mr. J. B. Booth, of this city. Invited me to visit hU railway, the Canada Atlantic Railway, which wns then in process of construction. I accepted the invitation. Tbe road bad been built almost to tbe shores of the Georgian l>ay, perbaps within half a mile of it. When we left the train we wolked to the shore of the lake, a bleak shore with not a building upon It Mr. Booth said: tbls Is the ter- minus of my railway. I asked Mr. Booth : Where Is the trade to come from ? His answer was : ' 1 have to create It I buve to collect It from Port Arthur, from Duluth, from Chicago and from both sides of tlie lakes. I will have to build elevators, I will perhaps Iwve to buy wheat In order to fur- nish trade to my railway.' Then, X say, It dawned upon me that no government under such a condition of things, with everything to create, could successfully operate a rnll- wny in a new country like that When tbls railway is taken to Port Simpson, there will be the so'^e thing which I found on the Georgian / in 18l»-a bleak shore with nothing upon It Everything will have to be created. Wharfs, warehouses and sheds will have to l)e built, elevators will have to be provided, branch lines will have to be constructed, poaslbly hotels may have to be built and managed, steamships will have to be built or chartered and trade will have to be brought from all poinu of Asia. Would any one tell me that government management, under raeh clrctunatanec^ could do Justice to the nndertaklug In raefe a big question as that T Would any one ten me that the management, even were we t* put It In the hands of a commlaaion r» sponsible to parliament having to com* here for appropriatloris ic this and for tba^ would have that elasticity wlilch would be a condition essential to tbe successful manage- ment of such a road? Would iMirllamcnt bo willing to give power to the Miulster of Kailways and Canals, or to the commission, to build or acquire steamships, or would parlinment give power to send agenta across to the coast of Asia, to Japan, to China and elsewhere to collect trade 7 Would parliament In its disposition, as I bare known it for many years, be willing to give the government power to go Into the bUBinras of hotel keeping and hotel building? I doubt it, and for oil these reasons wc have come to the conclusion that it U better and preferable In every possible v;n> Miat such a railway should be built and opiratetl by a private company. Now, I shall come to this subject again, at a later period iu my remarks. A NATIONAL CHARACTER. It lit about time tbat I should touch upon another branch of the subject An accusa- tion has been made against us, which, per- haps, may have caused some uneasiness and trepidation among those who do us tbe honour to give us their support in this House and out of it ond which would have t>een serious enough if there had been in it any basis of truth. But, I om happy to say that for that charge as for many others, there is not even a shadow of foundation. It has been stated and restated in all possible tones from the plaintive wail totheindi);nant protest tbnt we are launching into railway construction of gigantic magnltud,. tbrongh a country of which we know absolutely nothing, and without taking the usual ele- mentary precnutlou of having a previous exploration. 1 s;iy again there is not a shadow of truth In this charge ns I shiill show later on. But, before I proceed any further, let me say that the conception which we have of this work which we are now contemplating is very different from the conception entertained of it by somi" of our critics. Most of our critics look upon this scheme simply as a commercial venture to be Judged by the only rule of profit and loss. We look upon it as a work of a national character necessitated by tlie status of Canada in the year 1003, Jest ns the Intercolonial Railway was necessitate*! by the statna of Canada ot the opening of confederation, and Just as the Canadian Paeifle Railway was necessitated by tho status of Canada a few years after con- federation. Sir, when the conference met in 1864 which laid down the basis of con- I federation, it passed a resolation afflrmins u the nMMritjr of tba lmft.4dtato «( tk« IntwcoloBtal Ballway. It (MOlntlini wltkont waiting to Iwv* tmrrtf* ud czpioratioM of tb» grMud to unrtoto whttbtr or net all purto of tkit railway would bo oqnally prodnettTO. It vaiaod this metntloB as It eoneolvod It to to a work of political noeoaalty, and If It waa a work of political noeoaatty It bad to to bnllt. coat wtot It might Wton, a tow ysara later, upon tto a ec aaaloB of Britlab Oolnmbla to tto oonfadoratloB. tha goTom- ment of tbo day plodgod ttomaalrea, and wiaely pledged tbemaalTaa, la favonr of tto building of a bigbway aeroaa tbo Boeky aaonntalna. In ordar to bind tbo aaw pro- Tlnco by tbo Paelflc to tbo roat of tto Dom- inion, they did It altbougb tbay anppoaad ttot all sectlona of tbe country would not to equally productiTO, but tboy did It In tbe faltb ttot tto weaker aectlona would be carried by tbo atronger aaetloaa. If our conception of thia railway la tto correct and true one, as we contend It 1% ttot It la a work of a national ctoraetar, tton. It fol- lows tbat tbis railway baa to to totit from ocean to ocean to connect tto tidal watera of the Atlantic with the tidal waters of tbe Pacific though we know In advance, ttou^ we are aure ttot all aectlona of It will not to equal In fertility. In reaoorcea and In productlTeneas. In ttot conaldnmtton alone there would tore boon cauae suffldent for us to go on with this work without any previous explorations, but I tove to say this more that we tove a wealth of Information on thIa subject We b.tre more Information upon thla sctome tton ever waa poaseased by former govemmento when ttoy decided upon the Intercolonial Hallway or the CanadUn Pacific Railway. I do not ej^ect even the moat fastidious of our critics will ask us tbat we should have tod an exploration acroea the pralriea. They are satisfied tbat we ^ave enough information now to deal with thia question so far aa tto pralriea are con- cerned. COMPLETK INFORMATION. But, I atoll to asked : What atout tto Bocky mountains T My answer in regard *o tto Boeky mountains Is ttot we tovci .'.ntalns of Infwmatlon. Wo have moun- taais of books, pamphlets and report*— books, pamphlets and retorts from ^radera, from explorers, from engineers. Vtam the early daya, when the French settled upon the shores of the 8t Lawrence, the con- atant aim of those tordy ploneera waa to reach tbat western sea now familiar to ua> at ttot time unknown, and which inspired the awe of everything unknown. Samuel do Otomplain devoted years to the task in the tope of finding a iWBsage to the sea. Bobert Caveller do La Salle loat hla life In the attempt Another man, LaVerend^e, took an overland Journey to reach It by ex- ploring the pralriea, and his two sons, on tto lat Jaawty, »di; wan tto flrat to CMI «jm apaa tto WMkr U V s f aad ty a blM aa lf JoH Ma jfla Otvallar «• U Ian* te tto attotopt to fat to ttoPaaUaacaaa. Aflar tto eontry hadpa*' aod radar tto aaraialgatir •( tto BritM OrowB tiM toak waa roaaaMd by ■eateb tradsra wtabllatod to Moatraal, and to ITBi^ Alexander Maekanate waa tto flrat whito man to raaeh tto FaeUte oeaaa aeroaa tto monatalna by Um orartead Jovaay. Many privato taUlvtdaala anbaamaatly attempted and parfoTBNd tbo aaiM feat Tto laat of ttom waa Oaptala Bvtier, of tto Brttlak army, wto In tto wlntar of isn ewaaad tto coattnent f»om rort k-ta-Ooma at tto forto of tto Baatotebawaa by way of tto Paaea river to tto Paclfle ocean. In ttot year, UTS, tto Oanadian govam- mant undertook a aystnnatle and adentUto exploration of tto whole northern region from Lato Abltlbi waatward to tto Pa- clfle oceaa From tto year 1872 to the year 18S0 no teaa tton twenty- •l.ib\ azpedltlena ware orgaalaad to viait; aiivv. a, and report upon ttot country. T eir reporte are all avaibtble to ua now and dur- ing ttot time tto aum of no leas tiian |5,00(H. 000 was expended for ttot purpose. Now, one district waa apedally examined at ttot tmu and ttot waa tto northern aectlon of the Bock monntalna. Several paasaa, aya, all tbe passes north of tha Kicking Horsa Pass were examined and emadally the Plna Blver Pass and the Peace Blver Pass. Mr. Marcua Smith, Mr. Gamble, lir. Hunter, Mr. Gordon, Mr. Horataky and several other, an englneara of eminence, crea- sed and recroaaed ttot territory nnd be- came aa familiar with It aa they were with the atreeto of Ottawa. Any one who to-day would care to look Into tbe reports now ac- cumulated in tha archlvea of the Ballway Department will know ttot country just aa to may know his own tome. These ex> ploratlona show conclusively tbat tha best of all theae pasaea may to found either la the Pine River Paas or In the Peace River Pass. It Is not only a fact that there is a very anccessfnl way of crossing the Rocky monntalna either by the Plna river or by the Peace river, but on totb these rivera are to to found landa as fertile as the Unda of the Bed river or the Saatotchewan. It la of some interest to follow tto area of wheat produced on this continent from the early days of tbe 19tb century. Wheat- growing first togan on the ahores of the St Lawrence; from the ahores of the St Lawrence It passed to the Genesee Valley In tto state of New York; from the Genesee Valley it passed to the Ohio river; fron tha Ohio river to Illinois; from Ullnoli-. to Minnesota; from Hlnnescta to Dakota und from Dakota to Manitoto and the North- west Territoriea, where It now Is. The wheat area la faat advancing towards the Sastotchewan river and In a few years It win paaa over to the Peace river and to tto PlMtlMrTtlim. A»awlwtt«.B«atiwr ra« tk* lukatelMWU tlw twtltanr taw Mn Mtawttd fir wtatt vntaettoa ud tar* taM ilTCB t* alna tamteft ttn tkt Pmm rtw •■« tta PIm rlTW twrltan will toewM tta irtaat pndadag etatn of ttawwM. ta(ilMi««« !«▼««« ■rawnoiri^ M thia. It to partapt tattar ttat I ttaali glT* tta taagui* «M« ^ tta Mviwtn mr- Blond br tta mramNat rt ttat daj. B«t tafer* I go lato ttat. M bm qwto tta lu- cugo or Oavtata Bvtltr wto wu tta last of tta iBdlTldaal oxploran to wton I tar* •llndad. In th* anptadlz to Ua wort 'Tta Wild North Land,' Oaptala B«U« writaa la tb* f«dlowlng pngaaat lanfnaio ; Bat ikeuM tklo U4iwi PtM at tko kMd ottta PIB* riTtr proT* U kt, oa «nalutiea, utt to carrr • nUlroaa aaroM, I an itlU oi eplaioa that ta tkat «aM tta r«aa* rivor aSoHta a paMBi* to tha wMtwa aaaaa TaaUr mpnlar to ur of tb* kaowB paaaaa tyiac aoatk of It What ara tb* advaatagta wblsb I elata for It T Tb«r eaa b« brMIr atatad. It la laral tbrangboat Ita ontira eoaraa ; It baa a wida, daap. aad aaTlcabIa rirv flowtag threogh It ; la iu bigbaat alaratloa la tba mala nng* of tba Saebr Mooatalaa U aboot 1,80* tMt : tba arafaf* daptb of Ita wiater fall of ■BOW U aboot tbrao faat ; br tba ftrat wook of Mar tUa raar tba aaow, aaaaoallr daap dor- lag tba wlattr. bad aatlralr dlaappaarad from tha aorta abora of tba rivar, and TagaUUoa waa alraadr forward la tba wooda aloag tba noootala a lav nvlaaa. aad - - ika M taok woald form tta Ik aro apsaroatly aoah Bat tbeaib Uaaa ara tmportaat advaatagaa for tUa moantala paaa. tka moat Importaat of all ramalBi to ba atatad. rrot tba waatara aad of tba paaa to tba eoaat raaga of mooatalaa, a dUtaaea of 100 mllaa aeroaa Brttlab Colombia, tbara dooa BOt axlat ooa itailo tormldabla Im- tedinaat to a railroad. Br foUowlog tbo Tai- lor of tba Panmip rlrar from 'tba Forka' to Li\ka Uaelaod, tha Omlolea raoao to loft to tbo nr.rth. aad tba rolUng pUtaan laad tt gtoart'a Uka la raaebad wltboot a al^a mauBtaU la- terroBlav; from thaaeo tha Tailor of tba Na- ehareota eaa bo atulaad, aa wa boTa aaoa ta mr (tonr, witbont tba lUgbtaat diflleoltr. aad a Uoa of eooBtrr follewad to wtthta twaatr mtlaa of tha oeaao. at tba baad of Doao'a lalat I claim, mortorar, for thla roota that It la ■barter thaa aor projeetad Uoa at praaaat aadar coatldoratloB : that it would dOTolop a laad aa rich. If act riehar, thaa aar portloa of tbo gaa- katebawaa tarrltorr ; that It altogethor arolda tba tramaodooa moaataia raagaa of goatbora Brttiah Colombia, aod tba groat goico of tho Fraiar riror ; aad flaallr, that aloog tba Na- ohareola rlTor thoro will bo fooad a eoontrr admirab'T aoited to lettloment. and poaaoMlBK pralrio liui.l of a kind nowbera eUo to bo feood in Britteh Columbia. Tbat 8ir, la tbo opinloa of a traroller of emlnenco, but lot me giro now the opinion of a profeaalonal engineer. Hr. Gordon, whooo report la to be fonnd in Kr. Flemlnra report for 1880, aaya : War* It aaeeaaarr or azpadlont to And a eenrao tor tba Paelde Bailwar. aa far north •• the Faaoo Birar Paaa, a eomparatlTsIr aasr reuta to offered la thto diroetloa. Braa at the wlldaat aad moat ronad parU of the paaa, tta mooatalaa ara almoat layarlablr fringed br flaU or br gentle alopea of Tarring width. Oae ltd fo aUat diaaalttaa. '^tfab are apparoatjr aarioaatha. aMor ebotadoo that bare booa go«o aa ether Caaadlaa rallwayau At ita arar waatara oatremltr tbopaaatoao* ■ojo than t.«M feet aboro tbo aoa laTd. aad the earroat af tbo Htot. whtob to Terr aaaaMo. to aot mofo thaa from four or gre mlleo u whore It aoto threagh the aioaatala ■eat aC tba paaa. far iltr alUa. tm tba < to raaebad. the aaglaeortaf difkaltiaa wooM probablr ba aot maah greater tbaa ttaaa pro- aeet«l br aa apea prairie. Bat Uo aief dlt- Kltr S tblamto woald bo foaad at ui, caaraa where the rlTor aweepa roaad the baae of a eolltarr maaalTe bill, kaewo aa the Mean- tala of Beefca. er the Portage MoaaUlaa. )aat abora tba Hadaoa'a Hope ; rot erea bora, al- OMSh Ua ^^Srttwoold b beoTT. Ue dldtoaltlea would ba br ao meaaa taaaperabla. Mr. Oambla. la the aaaM report, aaja: Tho Peaeo rlror. whlob to the lowaat kaowa iaa tbroogb tbo Bockr MooaUlaa, ogeto a Woadarfallr faTOorable Ilea for a rallwar throat that range, and for tlxtr mtlaa aaat of ita mala aammlta. Mr. Mareua Smith, la the aam* report for 18784, aaya : Thto oaa oadeabiedlr beeome (be gr''' ^beat- produdag prorlaeo of the Domtnion. aid of Ito daTalo^aat. It peaaei a e e a noble - »tt ujTlg- aUe riTar, wbleh raaa tbrou^ lu eentre, aBord- iag eaar ^■aaaa of eoUaeting iU prodnee. and briaglag It ehaaplr to eome eoBTenleat point, wbero It oould ba reeelTod by the rallwar. Mr. Marcaa Smith, referring to the Pine Blrer Pau route In another report aaya : There to farther the Important eonaldatotlon that. IB tha place of a bleak eterile eountrr the Una br the Plaa rlTor route would trareraa aa area of remarkable fertilitr-the fertile bo", or wheat-produelBg eountrr, exteada aeartr 100 milea further to tte weat. before the Roekr Mountaiaa are reached, thaa br the route over tha Tallowbead Paea ; a oorreapoadiag reduetloa being BMde la tba breadth of iterile eountrr to be croaaad la the Roekr MounUin diitrict. Now. Sir aa to Fort Simpson, which la to be the terminna of tbla railway, U la alao Important to know what la the opinion of tho englncera who aurreyed the country •t the time of which I tare apofcen. Mr. nemlttf. la hla report for 1878-9, taya : Pert BimpeoB la potilblr the bait harbour ob the malBland. ... of all the terminal polnU projeettng on the mainland and on Vaneourer laland. Port Blmpion le moit conveniantlr iltu- ated for Ailatle trade. Mr. Marcna Smith, anya : There to really no harbour in the eoait of the mainland of Britlib Columbia, with the excep- tion of Port gimpioB, eliglblr eltoated tor pur- poaea of foralga commerce. . . . It ii eistly approached from the ocean, and la the nearest to the coast of Asia of aar harbour In British Columbia. Again In another report written In 1878-0, Mr. Marcna Smith aays : Port glmpsoB may i>osslbly bo considered at praaent, too far north for the termlaus of the tt euitdlM PMitt naOwtm, tat H is tmmntM ttai tfe« IMH AmM »• kwM te BlMCnM Ir viniM tt Urn alUiadM ut cMMtMat «ir gnk 4UaU, UiMtar wttk Ik* aoti fftt t sfearMttr a< U« warka r««iUra« U r«Mk It, tU» ImbImU •Mat afan aivaatagaa wklab waaM awaMa • Caaaltaa Uaa la tutt aaHpalltlas lar tfea trada itltk CUu aai Japaa. TbiB to Dot all. Tb« atetloB of eovBtnr aast of tba eltr of Wlnnlpag and axtaadlng to Lakt AbltlU wa« alao axpioratf by tbo tBftiwan of tba gorarnmant at tbat parlod. IB ordar to saro tlno I will not rafer to tko opinloo tboa ezproaaad ; but I will como to tbo informattoii wklcb baa baao collaetad by tba goraniBMBt of tbo proTlneo of Ontario, wblcb In 1900 orfaalied a raoeUU oipedltton ontniated to earefnily aMaetod commlaalonera for tbo sxprcaa pvrpooa of Tisltinc aod raportlBg npon tbat aaetkm of conntry batweaa Lako Abltlbl and tbo wcatem boaadary of tba provlneo of Oatarta In tbdr report tba commtaalooars apaak oa fellows : AORIOULTUBAL LAND. Tba crtat elar bait manlBii troa tba Qaabaa boundary wwt throuih Nlpiaaiag and Alioaa dlstrlcu and lata tba dlatriot of Thaadar bay •OBDrtaaa aa araa et at laaat H,IOS aviara ■liaa. ar tt.IM.WM aeraa. aaarly *H of wUeb la wtH adaptad far aaUlTifUaa. This aitaaat aabrokaa atratab ot SMd (aralag laad is atarly thraa-qiwitsra — arbat la aataat aa tba wbola aatiULd portion et tba prerlaea aoath et l«ka NIptatlaa aad tba mranob and lUtlawa rivara. It la lamer tbaa (be atatw •t Kaaaaebusatta, OaanaeUaot. Rhode MoBd. Htm Jaraey and Deleware MmMaad. aad aaa-bntt basldaa tt tba s(ecomtng aa numeroua aa ^<-<;re the bullaloea of old. The breedera mbHt find an exit to the ocean. Thia new line, by lU ahortnesa, directness and climatic condltlona is an Ideal line for th* cattle trade. The ahipper, when he lands hia cattle at Quebec, 8t John or Halifax, will have them In the Meal condition of l>e- ing able to set at once to aca witbout any loss of weight There la another consldorntlon. In some respects even more Important, and that Is the trade of the Orient All nations at this moment are competing for the trade of Japan and China, and there Is no nation so well situated as Canada to capture that trade. Take a look at the map, and you will Und that the route frou Europe to the Can- adian harbours Is tbe shortest of any of the routes available to European merch- ants. Take tlie route which will be opened by this new railway, and you will find that It Is tbe shortest of all the lines across the American continent Acnin look at the map and you will And that the route from Port Slmimon to the coast of Japan Is the shortest of all tbe routes to that country from the American continent All these considerations led us to the conclusion that It Is our imperative duty not to wait until to-morrow, but to provide ot once for the building of such a railway as I have Indi- cated, If It is possible for us to obtain It on reasonable condltlona. It now becomes my duty to lay before the House the conditions on wlilcli w* are to have this railway built ; and, unless I am greatly mistaken, they will astonish friend and foe by their superior excellence. I Shan httve the hononr, before resuming my seat to lay on the Table a contract entered into between II Hit MajMUr tU KiM. MllM la rt w i rt W Ik* DaalalM M Onti*. M< Mrtto NWMMt- •4 •■< MtiM kr ik« HMMwaU* wtltlaa fc rtoMlag, mUm MtoMw •! Battwwi •M OMaia, •! »• Int »«rt j m4 Mr otariM iuvw»-wuwiL o.a, o.diLai tk« Rt. Hm. L*r« wSlVr. a.O.B. : J«ta A. ClallM-BrMk. JsMfk PriM, AltrMI W liMttwa. •II af tka (lur a( LaMoa. BaflaMI i Okariaa M. Mara. Vraak W. Mana aM wluiui WatawrigM, all el tka aitjr at Maatraal, la Ika nawlalaa it Oaaada : ao« Jaka lall, •( Ika ailr af Salla- Tllla, ia Ik* aaM Daalalaa, lanaaaallag karatn aal - ilB| aa bakalf af tka Oraa4 Traak Pa«l •• Kallwar Oavpaar, a aaapaay la ba laser peralad bf Aat e( tka parllaaaal •I tka praaaat aaaalaa Ikvraet A riNI OONTIUCT. ef Oaaada I nay *»y at onca that en* of tita flrat ■•ctlona of tbia eootraet ii to prarlde tbat the capiul atoek of tb* Qrand Traak Padfie Railway, wblcb in tb* BUI btfon tba Honaa to-day Is 176,000,000, to to b* rodncad to tba aan of |4S,00O,000i Of tbto iam 146,000,000 -#20,000,000 abaU b* prtfarrcd atoek and |K,000,000 commoB stock : and I wovid ««k apactat attantlou to tbIa faatnro of tbia common itock ; It la prarlded tbat tb* wbol* of tb* 138,000,000 abaU b* aeqnlnd and ratalned at all tiOMa by tb* Onnd Truak Railway Itaelf. Wban w* w*r* ap- proncbed by the g*iitl*m*ii aasodatad witb tb* intended Grand Trmk Paelflc Railway witb tba Tiew of coming to an arraago- ment for the bnlldtng of tbto lin*, strong and retponatble as war* tb* gmtlemm con- nected wttb tba entcrprls*^ w* told tb*m tbat we wonld not act witb tb*m s*parct*ly or iDdlvtduaily. W* told tb*m tbat w* would not act witb tbem nnlcaa tbay brought into tbla enterprto* tb* old Grand Trunk Hallway, well tried, witb a footbold In every city, town. Tillage and bamlet in the province* of Ontario and Quebec, and there la the conaeqnence of tbto first cove- nant between tb* corporat«Hrs and ouraalTe*. Then the preamble of tb* contract recites : Whtrcai. haTins regard to tb* growtb of population and the rapid d*T*lopin*at of th* production and trad* e( Manitoba and th* North- wait Terrltoiiaa, and to the tr*at ana of tar- til* and produetiT* land in all th* proTlnea* and t*rrltorlei m r*t without railway (•etiltlat, and to th* ripldly ezpaading trad* and eommore* ot th* Dominion, It la In tta* int*r*it of Canada that a lin* of rallwar, 4*flgn*d to aocur* th* molt direct and economical intorchang* ot traffle between eastern Canada and the provincei and territorlei wMt ot th* ■r*at iak**, to op*a up and dcTelop th* north*rn ion* ot th* Dominion, to promota th* internal and toreisn trad* of Canada and to develop eommere* throagh Cana- dian porti, ihould be conitnieted and operated a* a cpmmsn railway htgbwajr serosa the Do- minion, from ocean to oeaaa, and wholly within Chaadlan territory. Section 2 provides that the line to to b* divided into two aectiona— the eastern sec- tion, from Moncton to Winnipeg ; and the western from Winnipeg to tbe Paelflc AMlh*r dnw p wT W sa also that tb* wsatsra ssettoa shaU b* dlvhM litt tw* aaati — a tb* pnMa asettoa tad tb* ■MUtafea Mettoa. As I h i dte a t *d a iMasBt aga, It to Mir !■• t*BtlMi that th* gOTftn aw t shall b«IM the aastsra ■*etioB fraa Moaetas t* WtiiBlp*& bat It sbteU b* teaaad to and «p*rat*d by th* Oraad Traak Padie Kaliway. It to ano provklod that th* w**tara asctioa, fraas Wlaalpag to th* Paelfle ocaaa, aball b* baitt, ewB*d and oparatad by th* Oraad Traak Padlle Railway. Bafor* procMdlag fartbOT. p*rbaps It wonld b* advtoabla to glv* to th* Haas* th* r*9*etlv* eovaaaata of tb* goT*nm*at and tb* company with raapcct to tb* baUdlag, owning and operating of tb* w**t*ra **» tloB. If I do that, tb* othor eoroaanta witb ragard to th* Aatara aaettoa aball b* b*tt*r andcrstood. It U ^roridod la tb* contract tbat th* gov*nuB*Bt will aBd*r' tak* to gaarant** tb* bonds ef th* Grand Traak Paelfle Railway for th* eaastraetloa of tb* w*stsras*etlontoth 'i:Zteatof76p*r c*Bt of tb* coat of conatra .'doo, tha ItobUity la no cas* to •ze**d tlS.000 for th* w'^irto •*etk>a and fSOMO for tba moaatab. sec- tion p*r mil*; It may b* aakc<* If tb* aid of th* gOTommeat to to b* givon only to ssear* th* coB s truc t ioB of 76 p*r e*iit of th* road, wber* is tb* company going to got tbe other 28 per cent T Tb* anawer to tbat ia tbto : Tbat it la providad >n tb* contract tbat tb* company aball be antborisad to toan* a sacond sari** of bonds which ar* to b* guarantaad, not by th* govaramopt bat by tb* old Grand Trunk Railway Company of Canada. Let b>* r*ad her* to tb* Hoas« tbto soctlon, as it is sn Important ona : Inaaauch ai the bonda to b* guarantaad by tha govammani only make provliioa for a part o( tha eoat of conatmetioa of tha waatara divl- ■ion, tka eompaay karaby agraaa that tka Grand Trunk Railway Company of Canada ihall guar- ante* bonda of tha company for tha balance raqulrad for tha eonstruetlon of tha aald wait- *rn divlilon, Mclnaiva o( the lald twenty mil- lion dollara required for flrat equipment, which tha eompaay ia raqulrad te provid* under paragraph t> of tola agreement, and the com- pany may liaua a aacond lerlei of bondi, to b* guaranteed ai aforeiald by tha Grand Trunk Railway Company of Canada, to be a lecond ehirg* upon th* property deierlbed In para- graph 16 (b) hereof, and to be lubject to, and to rank upon, th* aald property next after tho laid bond! ao te b* iiiued and guarantaad by tha government. I need not dwell upon the importance of this covenant on tbe part of tbe company. It practically tnkcs awny from tbe guarnn- te* of tbe government all rtok. Tber* to not a dollar to be advanced by the Kovem- inent Wc do give our credit and uotbiiig el**. And our gnarante* of an rlinmcter of the road to bo conatmcted lij the Orand Tmnk Paelfle Company, bo- twacn Winnipeg and tba Rocky monnUtna U to l)c the aame aa that of tbo road between Montrcnl and Toronto. Kir. MACLEAN. Double track T The rniMB MINISTER. Tba hon. gen tIciiiMii (Mr. Maclean) speaks too soon. The companj shall lay oat, eoaatmet aad rnulp the lald weitern dlvlalon ot the aald rail- way to a itandard not latarlor to tbo mala line ot the Orand Tnink Railway Company of Canada lietween Uontraal and Toronto, ao far ai may ba praetleabla la the eaaa of a nawly conitructea line of railway, but thia aeetloa ahall not ba held to ebllga tha company to onatriiet a double track railway. And I would ndd 'before the time 'ma ehme for U.' Now, It will i - asked : Wiiat lit to be the ll.nldllty of the goyemmcnt. r-'int ns-o tlicy to contribute to the bulldlnfr of llil!« rnllwny, for tlicy mnat coiitrlbntp aometbing T What they contribute Is simp- ly tliln— the payment of the Interest for n cortnin numlier of yenra. It Is proTlded thnt the iKmds aball run for fifty yeara. DurlnR the flrat seven yenra, the company nre not to be coiled upon to meet the Intereat, which Is nt three per cent ; that Interest will Im- met by the goTernment After scran yeara the poniimny ahull pny the interest. If the proceeds of the road are aufflclent to earn thrro iMT cent. But. It the proceeds arc not Bufflelent to earn three per cent, the pay- ment ahnll be made by the goTomment. But, at the end of three yeara, tba goTem ment ahnll l)e recouped every cent by thr company. It Is Important thnt, from tlilF point, I sbonld give tbo very section ot the contract : no •ofomaMal aHall pay tbo latmat aaoa aa aaMMt ot boMa amal ta tbo prtaiaipal of tha booda gaaraaiaod by tbo aovoraaMal aa aaaoMil ot tba aoaatraetlaa af «bo moaaUla aaotloa, aaeralaa ««o duHag the ftrat ao»aa yaara froM tbo Ala ot tbo lasao ot aald boada. aad shall not have roaMrao^agalBM <>» eom- paay tar aay lataraal — fsM. Attar tbo aj- plratlaa of tbo said period 0t a^voa yaara, the eompaay ahall ha primarily liable U pay the aald lataraat, aad abonid dafaalt bo made by tha aompaay la payment tbaraof. or of aay part tbaraof, tha Bovaramaat ahall pay tha aame aad taka up tha aoopoaa rapraaanting each la- taraat, aad aay aMaaya so paid by tha govora- meat aadar Ita gnaraataa, wbatbar tor arlaeipal ar lauraat of the aald heads, shall bo bald to ho paid la discharge ot the liability ot the goToramaat. hut aat la dlsabarga af the llahl- llly of the aompaay with reaaaet ta tha said haada, aad aay maaaya ao paid by tha gevara- meat abaU eoatlaue to bo a charge uadar the said mortgaao, to be glraa ta aacora the aald gnaraataadboada barataaftar mantlaaH, aad tha govaraaMat ahall ho aobrogatad ta all the righta at the holdera of tha aald bonda. the laurael upoa or tha prlaclHl of which ahall have haea paid by tha govaramaat, aad the gov- ammant ahall la respect of all moaaya which It may aa pay, he la all reapacta, la tha poaliion otbaldara ot beada la respect of whose bonda .afault baa baoa uMda to tha extant of^tho monaya ao paid by tba goveraneai. snbjaet to tba followtag prevlao and axoeptlOB, aamaly : That tba govaramaat ahall aot, during the next aueeaadlag period af three yeara followtag the period of aavaa yeara above maatloaed, ba en- titled to eaerelaa aay rigbta of foreclosure or sale agalaat tha eampaay or to Uke psaaesaloa of th* aald railway. If the default ot the com- pany coaalata la failure ta pay during th* aald period of three yeara tha Interest upon an amount of bonda equal to the principal amount guaraal d by tha government or account of tha eer ' uetloa of the aald mountala section, but aay .uoaaya ao paid by tha government ahall ^e repaid by the aompaay ta tha government In the followlas manner : At the aad of tha said parlod of three yaara t! ^ whole amount ao paid by the government shall bo enpltal- Isad and shall ba repaid by tha eompaay to the government with Interest at tha rate of S per centum per annum, or the company may. at Ita option, repay tha same In forty aqual annual In- stalmaats, with Interest at th* rate aforesaid, or may give to the government bonda for tha eaid Intereat ao eaplUllsad, payable In forty years from the date thereof, with Interest at the rate aforesaid : In any event, the Interest so espl- tallied and the bonda ao to be given therefor. If aay. shall eoctinua to ba secured by the aald mortgage to secure the bonds guaranteed by the government, hereinafter -nentloned. and the fiald mortgage shall coots i proper provlalona In that behalf. Mr. 8PROULB. That only applies to tba prairie and the mountain aectlona ? Tha PRIME MINISTER. To the moan- tain section only. Now, what la the die- position for the prairie aectlon T The dUipoaltlon with regard to the prairie section la that the company ahall pay In- tereat (torn tbo Issue of tha bonda ; the gOTemment will pay no Interest at all upon the prairie aectlon. Now, Sir, whit U tba liability Incurred by the government for tbe eoratraetloB of thia iMd from Winnipeg to tbe PiicUle ocmui T Aanunlng Out th* road acroM the DMimtaliui la WO mllw long, th* CMt Af eonstraetlon wUl bt 91tii- 000,000, nnd tbe total Intareat for ttarc* TMN wm be 18,780,000. Tbis la tb« wboto of tl« IlablUty wbleb la locnrrcd by tbe government for tbe conatmetlon of tbe rail- way from Winnipeg to tbe Padfle ocean. I paaa now to tbe eaatem aectlon. It la provided tbat It aball bo operated ttj tbe company nnder a leaae. Aa we are to build a railway tbat tbey are to leaae It from na at the rate of tbrce per cent per annnm, we bave thongbt it advisable tbat tbey abonld bave a Joint voice vrltb na In tbe conatrac- tlon of it Therefore, aection 7 providea : In order to laanre, (or tbe proiactlon of the •ompaar •■ 1«m«m of the •actern dlvialoB of ttaa uld retlwar, the econoiDieal conetrvetloa thareot in laeh « OHiniur that it eaa be oper- •tad to the beet edvaataaa, it is hsraby «(raad that the •peelfleatioBS far tiie eonstnietlon ot ths aaatam division ahiU be submitted to, and approvsd ot br. ths eoawaay before ths oom- mencemsQt o( ths work, aiad tlMt the said work slull bo dons aeeordlBg to ths said spsci- SeatloBs and shall he sabjset to ths Joint aaper- vIsloB, inspection aad aoosptanes of ths chief soKlnesr appointed by ths aovernmaat and tho chief snclnesr of the eompany, and, la the •vsat of diCsrenees ea ta th» apaeltleatloBS, or ia ths oaae ths said englnsers shall diSsr aa to tha work, ths questloa ia disputs shall bs de- termined by ths said sncinesra and a third arbitrator, to be ehoosn In ths manner pro- vided m paragraph four of thia agreement. When completed, tbe company will leaae tbe road and will pay to na a rental at the rate of tbrce per cent per annum npon tbe coat of conatmetlon, wbatever that may be. Tbe aame abatement of rent la provided aiao aa In tbecaaeof Intereatontbeweatem aec- tlon. During aeven yeara tbe company wlU be exempt from tbe payment of rent Vat tbree yeara tbe company will be bound to pay tbe revennea and tolla of tbe road if tbey amount to tbree ver cent; and if they fail to amount to tbree per cent then the difference tetween tbe revenuea gathered and tbe tbree per cent will be capitalised and added to the coat of conatmetlon, and tbe company will pay intereat npon It So tbat here again tbe whole of tbe liability which la Incurred by tbe government for tbe building of that aectlon from Moncton to Wlnuipeg ia almply aeven ye. ra of Interest The lum total of tbe money to be paid by the government for tbe conatmetlon of that line of railway from Moncton to tbe Padlie ocesn will be In tbe neighbourhood of 112,- 000,000 or $18,000,000, and not a cent more. Now, Sir, what ia $18,000,000 In tbe year 1803 ? It la about tbe aurplna 4^ our re- venue over die expenditure. The aarplna for thia year will pay for tbe conatmetlon of tbla road. I will come preaentiy to tbe objectlona which I aee In tbe facea of bon. gentlemen oppoaite, Tbey win aak me: What guarantee bave you tbat tiw company will be able to pay tbat rate of Intereat 1 I will eone to that preaentiy. But let me flrat give to tbe Houae tbe provlalon we have made f or tbe nae of tbe railway for traffic by other roada. It la our Intention tbat tbla line of railway aball be a common blgfaway for all tbe rallwaya Who want to uae It and for tbla purpose we bave made a pro- vlalon In the contract in tbe following lan- gtiage:— ti. Ths said lesaa shall also eoataia proper aod uaual provialoaa. (a.) Iteservlng t« ths sovsmment in respect of Its ownership, prssent and future, ot the Intercolonial and any other line or llnea of railway, running powers and haulaae rights over the said eastern divialon upon equal terma with the iesaees. subject to such rsasonable re- strtoUons as may bs necessary to secure safety aad convenience In the opc-atlon of all the traflie over the said division and aubject to the payment by the government to ths company ot snch reasoaable eomponiatlon as may bs agreed upon between tha government and the company : (b.) ReeervlDg power to ths govsmment to grant running powera and hauloga rigbta snlB- elsnt to snabis any railway eonvany desiring to use the said eastern divialon or any part thereof, to do so ui>on such terms as nmy bs screed upon betiween the companies, or. In case of their failure to agrsa, then upon such ternu as may ha deemed rsasonabis and lust by ths govsrmnent. having regard to ths rights and obligations ot ths leaaeea : (c.) Securing to ths govsrnment, in respect of Its ownership as aforesaid, running powera and haulage rights over the western division, or any portion thereof, upon such terms aa may be agreed upon between the govsmment and ths eompsny ; (d.) Seeuitttg to any railway company desir- ing to naks nae of the sama, running powers and battlags rights ovsr the said westera di- vIsloB, or any portloa thereof, upon such terms as mar bs agreed upon between the companies, or, in ease of thsir fallurs to sgree, then upon such terms as may be deemed reaaonabla and loat by ths government. (e.) Securing to the company running powers and haalags rights over the Intercolonial Rallir way, or any portion thereof, upon such terms aa may be agreed upon between the government and the company. 8o tbat under thia agreement an Inter- colonial train ean leave St John or Halifax and proceed all the way to Port Simpson. Under tbla agreement a train of the Great Northern or of tbe Canadian Northern ean enter upon tbla road at any point and go aa far aa tbe maritime provincea. So we have guarded tbla point in every way, and I be- lieve that In thia respect tbe provisions we have made will command the full satisfac- tion of the Canadian people. But coming b«ck to the rental, I may be told, you bave taken provision, you aay, tbat tbe rental shall be paid by the company for all the time tbe bonda ran, with the exception of ■even years. What guarantee bave you that thia will be Implemented ? We have taken precautlona upon tbla point which I will now recite to tbe Houae. tt. For ths purposes herstaaftar la this paragraph raspeeUvsly deflnsd, ths eempaay 21 B«7 and ihaU otmU mertff«M to tniatoM m '*(!!)A'norlc»ff* vbleh ihaU b* • Orat eterc« apM «li« tJSrir. uafcrtaltli^ •mlpoiMt aiid proMrty. telU, ritbU aad (mbcUms of th* to ^!^tmtUT •OQUljjrt «>'*5« ««<»»' J'^ ■ot iMhidlBS bnnoh IIbm •zcMdIng alx mlUa la Iwuttb or tht rwvopnei therttrooi or tM tranehUra In eonneetlon thorowJth. or Mch ad- tlUonal rolllBS otock •• may. wHh «ho »•»•« of th* n>Taniaui>t. bo dooJuatod and markod by tbo company u eonotttnUnK the equipment tbor«>f. and no* InetudlBg ihipi or w mnnt- otpal or prottnelal gmnU of tend, by way ol bonuf or aubddy. to tbo lald company otbcr tban for railway purpoaoa) to aacttro tba pay- ment of tiia aaid laaua of ilrat aortcaca bonda cuaraataed by tbo Bovammant. (b.) A mortiafo wblch aball bo a awond eharga upon tba proparty oorarad by tba mort- gaga proTlded for by paragraph IS (a), aare and •zecpt the rolling atoek eonctltuting the aqnlp- mant of the aaatem dlTlaion. to aecure tba bonda to be guaranteed by the Grand Trunk Company of Canada aa aforeaaid. (o.) A mortgaga whieh aball be a charge upon the rolling atoek conatltutlng the equipment of the eaatern dlrlalon next after the charge mentioned in paragraph ts (a.) to aacnre to the goTornmant the rental payable in reapeet of the eaatern dlTlaion, the eflleient maintenance and eontinuoua operation ot the aaid eaatern diyl- aloB, and the obaarranee and performance by the company of the terma ot thia agreement THB COUNTRY PROTBCTBD BT THB CON- TRACT. Now, you see we have provided a apedal BortgaKO to force tta« eompany to Imple- ment the condltlona Impoaed upon it, and Mpeclally the operatlns ot the raUway- But, I maj be asked : Will this be suffl- elent ? There Is a mcrtfage ot $5,000,060 ■pon the roUlBK stock ; will this be suffi- cient to force the conqiany to implement Its pronUse to operate this road } We have far more In this vndertokinK than the simj^ mortgage to which I have alluded. We have the interest of the company Itsdt to operate this road. No one doabts that the Interest of the company wonld be to keep the trafBc of the Grand Trank for that rail- way. The company will take it over Its present line to North Bay, from North Bay over the road which Is now being bnllt by the Ontario goyemment, and then, transferring it at the junction of this road with the pro- posed road. It will send It westward to the Pacific ocean. I wish to make myself nn- derstood. The Grand Trunk Railway Com- pany has an immense interest in getting to the fields ot the prairies. Ito trade to-day is In tlie province of Quebec and In the province of Ontario. It will take this trade from Toronto, from Montreal and from points eastward to North Bay, from North Bay, It win take it over the new line being built by the Ontario government to the peint of junction with the present road, and then westward to the prairie section. Its Interest there is manifest It must operate that por- tion of the road. Otherwise It wonld never have gone Into this contract Thia eentnet Is to give It the privilege ot toklng Its traffle in the prairie section from Ontario and Quebec, but the condiOon Is this, tl»t it shall operate not only that section «t the road, but the whole of the road from Whinlpeg to Moncton. It cannot o«"wt upon the eastern part, because. If It defaults upon the eastern part. It defaolto upon the western part It cannot default upon one part without defaulting upon the whole and therefore, we hold them tight to their bargain, and they cannot deviate from It There Is another important provision aa to rates and tolla. We have provided in sec- tion 89 that the rates and tolls are to be under the direct control of the government, or when the commission has been organised, of the commission. We thought It advisable at one time to follow the suggestion which had been made by my hon. friend the hon. ez-Mlnister of Railways and Canals (Hon. Mr. Blair), to which he referred In the cor- respondence exchanged between him and me, to force the company to give us ^rt ot Ite proflte upon the western section, but, upon consideration. It la our intention, in- stead ot forcing the company to give us a portion ot ite pioflte when the proflte reach a certain reasonable point, to use them in such a way aa to compd a decrease in tlje rates which are chargeable to the people whoi use the raUway. New, there Is another feature ot this contract to which I *haU caU the attention ot the House. If we have gone Into thta contract, our Intention has been, as steted In the preamble, to force traffic in Canadian channels and through Canadian watera. We have made It a special condition ot the con- tract and this condition is expressed In section 42 ss follows : It Is htreby declared and agreed between the pavtias to thta agreement that the aid herein provided for la granted by the govern- ment ot Canada for the ezpreaa pnrpoaa ot encouraging the development of Canadian trade and the transportetion ot geoda through Cana- dian channels. The company aecepU the aid on theae condltlona, and agreea that all freight originating w> ^o Una ot the raUway, or tu branehea, not apaeitteally rented otherwlaa by the ahlpper, ahall. when deatlnad for potnU in Canada, be carried entirely on Canadian terri- tory, or between Canadian inland porU, and tliat the through rate on export traffic from the point of origin to the point of deatlnatlon ahall at no time be greater via Canadian porta than via United Stetea porta, and that all each traffic, not apaclfically routed otherwiae by the ahlpper, ahall be carried te Canadian ocean porta. Baetlen 4S. The company further agrees that it ahall not, in any matter within Ite power, diraetly or tedlreetly advice or encourage trana- pertatlon of each freight by routes other than those above provided, but ahall. In all reapeete. In good faith, aae Ite utmoat andeavoura to tBltl the eoadltlona upon which public aid la granted, aaaiely, the development ot trade through Canadian channela and Canadian ocean ports. Now, to iliow that this It not ilnip]* an hllu covenant, bnt that w« OMaa wiiat w« my. and Intend to ImplenMBt it, I baTe to en 11 the attention of tlM Honae to aaotlier dtsposlUon of tbla contract wberelw we force tlie compan/ to procnre all tlie ab'pa iicceasarr at botli enda of tlie line on tlie Pnclflc and on tbe Atlantic aa wdl aa on tbe St Lawrence, to accommodate all tbe trade tbat la oifeted. Saetioa 4S. Th« eemptay shall orroac* for and proTldt, •Ithar by porehoM, ebortar or oUier- wisa, ■UpplBK eonnaetioni npoa both the At- lutle and Paeiao oeaaas, raOelant la teaaaaa and in number of Mlltaft to Uka eara of and traniport all tu tniffle, bath Inward and ont- ward, at aneb eeaaa perU within Canada, npon tba Mid Una of railway, or npon tha Una of tha Intercolonial Railway, aa may ba agreed upon from time to time, and the ccxpany ahall not divert or. no far aa it can lawiiiiy prerant. permit to bo dlrerted. to poru outslda of Can- ada any trafflo which It eaa lawfully Inflnenoa or control, npon the around that there U not a ■ufflolent amount of ahlppinc to tranaport sneh trafflo from or to such Canadian ocean ports. Tbere la anotber prorlalon wblcb I am anre will be welcomed by tbe bon. member for ComwaU and Stormont (Mr, Pringie). and it la tbat tbe company aball bay all ita anppllea in Canada. Tbere ia anotber coren- nnt and It la tbe laat of tbooe wblcb I aball call to tbe attention of tbe Honae at tbla moment, to tbla effect : The company shall within thirty days after tha pasalns of the Act eonflrmina thla aaree- ment and of the Aet laeorporatiac the com- pany hereinafter referred to. depoalt with tha goremment IS.oao.M* la eaah or apprered gov. emment secnrltles. or partly la cash and partly In such approred aecurities. at tha eompanys option, as security for the coastmeUen of the western dlTlston and for the first equipment of the whole line of railway, aa proTlded for ia this sgreement. CONntAirXD vTITH THB C.P.IL Now, Sir. tbeae are tbe aallent featnrea of the contract wblcb we bare made with tbe Grand Tmnk Pacific Company. Com- pare iU terms wltb the terma wblcb were granted to tbe Canadian Pacific Bailway Company In the aesalon -of 1880-1881. Twenty-five million acrea of land were granted to the Canadian Pacific Hallway—' not an ocre of land la granted to tbe Grand Tmnk Pacific Railway Company. Twenty-five million dollara was poid in cnsh to the Canadian Pacific Railway Com- pany and works were banded orer to tbat company which bad been built by tbe Cana- dian government at tbe expense of tbe Cana- dian people, the cost of which was at leaat, if my memory serrea me, 135.000,000, Therefore tbe cash aid wblcb waa given to tbe Canadian Pacific Railway Company waa In the nelgbbonrbood of 160.000,000— tbe cash anbsldy wblcb is promised andl wblcb la to be given nnder tbla contract to tbe Grand Tmnk Fiaciflc Company will not exceed $13,000,000 or tbereaboata. I n^^J*llf «>"*n»«t with tbe Caoadiaa radflc Bailway Company for ao yeara p>oi» waa aa oznaptioD of competitloii— IB thit eontnet tbero ia ao ezemptioa *!!1*!?"« "TOTbody ia free to compete with the Oraad Tniak Pacific Railway Com- ^y and the Grand Tmnk Pacific RaUway Company baa to face competition from whaterer qnarter it may come. Bzemption from taxation waa given to the Canadian Pacific Bailway Company In ^"^,55 ^""^ ^ '•"» •»«» to «»•• day in tbe Nortb-weat Territories and Manitoba— not one dollar of exemption from taxation ia given to tbe Grand Tmnk Pacific BaU- way Company. Now, Sir, I think under ancb drcumstan- f*"..?*.* i **" appeal with aomo confidence to the Judgment of tbe Honae to ratify, and to ratify with earaestneaa and with Joy tbe contract which I have tbe honour to loy upon the Tables Canada baa made greater sanlficea, I Imagtoe, tiiat any otiier nation . i''?.^^*"'*' K"' "*• *»neflt of her people. In building raUways. Tbeae aacrlflcea wero rendered neceaaary on account of our geo- ^pblcal position. We border on "a power- ful conntry which had a long atart on as ia the march of progress and which waa in ancb a condition tbat it could well alTord to leave railway constractlon to the unaided effort of private enterprise, Tbeae greater aacrlflcea on our part were rendered necea- aary likewlae by the immenalty of our terrl- toi7, by tbe aparaeneaa of our population, and the Imperative duty which waa caat upon ua of binding together all tbe groups into which our conntry la divided. Bom*- timea, Indeed more often than otberwlaoL the terma granted for raUway eonatractioa in tbe paat were excessive and perbapa ex- travagant But, looking back npon the bia- tory of tbe paat we can all see tbat evea m the face of these excessive terms tha resatt baa been beneficial. We offer to tbe Honae to-day a contract which to free from all clanaes which wero the blemtoh of former raUway contracts^ and which to far anperior to them la every other respect Sir, it can well be said tbat of all tbe InvenUona for which the last C( .tury baa been famona, perbapa the one invention which haa bad tbe greatest potentiality for civlllaation baa been tbe discovery of tbe locomotive and the rail- way. Justin McCarthy In bto 'History of our own tImea • writes, that when Sir Bob- ert Peel was summoned from Rome to Lon- don to assume office aa Prime Minister, be travelled In the same manner exactly as 1.500 years before Constantino bad travelled from York to Bome to become Emperor. The writer remarks that each traveller hod only tbe power that horses and soils could lend to speed blm on bto way, but had Sir Robert Peel made tbe Jonraey a few rears after- wards be woold have covered the dis- tance in tbe apace of about forty-eight houra. Tbe railway baa been the great 39 i tLgtncj of drlUsatloB In tb« Inat century. It lina dona more to bind nntion* nnd nn- tlona togother tban any otbar bnmaB agen- cy. It baa removed old prejudices by eiiul>- lliig peoplea and natlonu to know mure of end) other, nnd It bna mnde anion imsalble wbere but (or Ita aid ignorance would have continued to aow ita aeeda of dlacord and aurife. VNITINO THB OOUNTRT. The Canadian confederation would have been a union on paper and a union on paper only, but for the fact tbat'tbe Grand Trurk Itailway, and the Canadian PatlSc Kailway and the Intercolonial Ballw.ay b> ought all parta of our country together tc uct In uni- 8<>n and to beat with the aame heart This new railway will 1>e another link in tlint chain of union. It will aot only open territory hitherto idle and unprofitable ; it will not only force Canadia- trade into Ca- nadian cbanaela ; It will not only promote citisenabip between old Canada and new Canada but it will aecure ua our commer- cial independence, and it will for erer maka ua free from the l>oudage of the bonding privilege;. For that reaaon alone, in my estimation, it would be wortb all tlio aacri- Bcea and far more tban we are called upon to make. Some lion. HBMBBRS. Hear, hear. The PniMB MINISTEH. Sir, it la there- fore with a firm heart that I offer thla scheme tc friend and foe ; it la with a Arm heart that I preaent it to the Canadhin peo- ple. Some hon. MKMBEK8. Hear, hoar. The PRIMB MINISTER. I .nra well ttware that it aball not l>e received every- where with the aame feellnga. I am well aware tliat It may acare the timid and frigli- ten the irresolute ; but. Sir, I claim tbnt every one who haa In his bosom a stout Canadian heart will welcome it as a scheme worthy of this yonng nation for whom a heavy taak haa no terrors which haa the strength to face grave dutlea and grave responsibilities.