*, 
 
 
 18^, 
 
 
 ^.'^Tb. v^'Vj 
 
 
 IMAGE EVALUATION 
 TEST TARGET (MT-3) 
 
 Y 
 
 ^ 
 
 ^ 
 
 // 
 
 / 
 
 f^" m^.. 
 
 
 
 :/ 
 
 -< '«<j 
 % 
 
 1.0 
 
 I.I 
 
 1.25 
 
 If: iM ilM 
 
 1^ 1^ 
 
 14 
 
 2.2 
 
 12.0 
 
 1.8 
 
 1.6 
 
 V 
 
 <^ 
 
 A 
 
 "c^l 
 
 
 '*:^> 
 % 
 
 Photographic 
 Sciences 
 
 V-jvji p»^i auui 1 
 
 33 WEST MAIN STREET 
 
 WEBSTER, N.Y. 14580 
 
 (716) 872-4503 
 
 rp 
 
 
 #^«^ 
 
 <i^ 
 
 <> 
 
 's." 
 
l/.A 
 
 CIHM/ICMH 
 
 Microfiche 
 
 Series. 
 
 CIHM/ICMH 
 Collection de 
 microfiches. 
 
 Canadian Institute for Historical Microreproductions / Institut Canadian de microreproductions historiques 
 
 I 
 
Technical and Bibliographic Notes/Notes techniques ef bibliographi 
 
 quas 
 
 The Institute has attempted to obtain the best 
 original copy available for filming. Features of this 
 copy which may be bibliographically unique, 
 which may alter any of the images in the 
 reproduction, or which may significantly change 
 the usual method of filming, are checked below. 
 
 n 
 
 Coloured covers/ 
 Couverture de couieur 
 
 I I Covers damaged/ 
 
 Couverture endommagie 
 
 Covers restored and/or laminated/ 
 Couverture restaur^e et/ou pellicuiie 
 
 Cover title missing/ 
 
 Le titre de couverture manque 
 
 Coloured maps/ 
 
 Cartes g^ographiques en couieur 
 
 D 
 D 
 D 
 D 
 
 a 
 
 n 
 
 Coloured ink (i.e. other than blue or black)/ 
 Encpe de couieur (i.e. autre que bieue ou noire) 
 
 Coloured plates and/or illustrations/ 
 Planches et/ou illustrations en couieur 
 
 Bound with other material/ 
 Reii* avec d'autras documents 
 
 Tight binding may cause shadows or distortion 
 along interior margin/ 
 
 Lareliure serree peut causer de I'ombre ou de la 
 distorsion le long de la marge intdrieure 
 
 Blank leaves added during restoration may 
 appear within the text. Wheneve- possible, these 
 have been omitted from filming/ 
 II se peut que certaines pages blanches ajout^es 
 lors dune restauration apparaissent dans le texte 
 mais, lorsque cela dtait possible, ces pages n'ont 
 pas 6ti fjlm^es. 
 
 Additional comments:/ 
 Commentaires suppl^mentairas; 
 
 L Iristitut a microfilm* le meilleur exemplaire 
 qu il lui a M possible de se procurer. Las details 
 de cet exemplaire qui sont peut-«tre uniques du 
 pomt de vue bibliographique, qui peuvent modifier 
 une image reproduite, ou qui peuvent exiger una 
 modification dans la m«thode normale de filmage 
 sunt indiquAs ci-dassoua. 
 
 □ Coloured pages/ 
 Pages de couieur 
 
 □ Pages damaged/ 
 Pages endommagies 
 
 □ Pages restored and/or laminated/ 
 Pages restaur^es et/ou pMlicul^es 
 
 ry] Pages discoloured, stained or foxed/ 
 aZJ Pages decolor^es, tachet«es ou piquees 
 
 □ Pages detached/ 
 Pages d*tach*es 
 
 Fyj Showthrough/ 
 
 Transparence 
 
 □ Quality of print varies/ 
 Qufflit* in«gala da i'imprassion 
 
 I I Includes supplementary material/ 
 
 I — I Comprend du materiel suppl^mentaire 
 
 □ Only edition available/ 
 Seule Edition disponible 
 
 □ Pages wholly or partially obscured by errata 
 slips, tissues, etc., have been refilmed to 
 ensure the best possible image/ 
 Les pages totalement ou partiellement 
 obscurcies par un feuillet d'errata, una pelure, 
 etc., cnt iti film^es A nouveau de facon a 
 obtenir la meilleure image possible 
 
 This item is filmed at the reduction ratio checked below/ 
 ce dooun ent est film* au taux de reduction indiqu* ci-dessous 
 ^Si! I«X 18X 22X 
 
 26X 
 
 12X 
 
 30X 
 
 T 
 
 16X 
 
 20X 
 
 24X 
 
 28X 
 
 □ 
 
 32X 
 
lire 
 
 details 
 jes du 
 modifier 
 jer one 
 filmage 
 
 es 
 
 jrrata 
 to 
 
 pelure, 
 n a 
 
 H 
 
 32X 
 
 Tha copy filmed here has been reproduced thanks 
 tc the generosity of: 
 
 Library of the Public 
 Archives of Canada 
 
 The images appearing here are the best quality 
 possible considering the condition and legibility 
 of the original copy and in keeping with the 
 filming contract specifications. 
 
 Original copi'^s in printed paper covers are filmed 
 beginning with the front cover and ending on 
 the last page with a printed or illustrated Impres- 
 sion, or the back cover when appropriate. All 
 other original copies are filmed beginning on the 
 first page with a printed or illustrated Impres- 
 sion, and ending on the last page with a printed 
 or illustrated impression. 
 
 The last recorded frame on each microfiche 
 shall contain the symbol —»- (meaning "CON- 
 TINUED"), or the symbol V (meaning "END"), 
 whichever applies. 
 
 Maps, plates, charts, etc.. may be filmed at 
 different reduction ratios. Those too large to be 
 entirely included in onr* exposure are filmed 
 beginning in the upper left hand corner, left to 
 right and top to bottom, as many frames as 
 required. The following diagrams illustrate the 
 method: 
 
 1 
 
 2 
 
 3 
 
 L'exemplaire film6 fut raproduit grflce A la 
 g6n6ro8lt6 de: 
 
 La bibliothdque des Archives 
 publiques du Canada 
 
 Les images suivantes ont 6t6 reproduites avec le 
 plus grand soin. compte tenu de la condltio.-i at 
 de la nettetd de I'axemplaire fiim6, et en 
 conformity avec les conditions du contrat de 
 filmage. 
 
 Les exemplalres orlginaux dont la couverture en 
 papier est imprimde sont film6s en commen^ant 
 par le premier plat et en terminant soit par la 
 dernidre page qui comporte une empreinte 
 d'impression ou d'lllustratlon, solt par le second 
 plat, salon le cas. Tous les autres exemplalres 
 orlginaux sont filmds en commengant par la 
 premldre page qui comporte une empreinte 
 d'impression ou d'lllustratlon et en terminant par 
 la dernldre page qui comporte une telle 
 empreinte. 
 
 Un des symboles suivants appareitra sur la 
 dernidre Image de cheque microfiche, selon le 
 cas: le symbols -h*- signifie "A SUIVRE". le 
 symbole V signifie "FIN". 
 
 Les cartes, planches, tableaux, etc., peuvent dtre 
 filmds d des taux de rdduction diff^rents. 
 Lorsque le document est trop grand pour dtre 
 reproduit en un seul cl:ch6, 11 est film6 d partir 
 de I'angle supSrieur gauche, de gauche d droite, 
 et de haut en bas, en prenant le nombre 
 d'Images ndcessaire. Les diagrammes suivants 
 illustront la mdthode. 
 
 1 
 
 2 
 
 3 
 
 4 
 
 5 
 
 6 
 
(All rights resMi'ed,) 
 ADVANCE PROOF-(.S///,/,v/ /,; ra;m>f,). 
 This Proof Is sent to you for discussion only, and on the 
 express understanding that It is not to bo used for anv. other 
 purpose what8oevor.-(.s,, .v. 39 ,//^/l, c<.«, /,/,,/,,.«) 
 
 tfuiiiuUan •j'Oflftif cf (I'inl tfiifliurcrs. 
 
 KSTAUUSHKI) 1KH7. 
 
 TRANSACTIONS. 
 
 N.B,-Tl.l»Sool,.ty. n» u l....l>, ,.m» not li„l,l UmM n.H|„n,Mhl,. f„r ll,c facl» ninl oplnl.m 
 sliltud liniii)' of ll« |.ul>lii'iiliojm. 
 
 Mr. Clciin'iii'.- piipci' will l.i. ivii.l uii Tjiiirsijay. Nov. ;i. 
 
 Mr. K. N, Gi,|„„,„.- |.a|«rc,n the T,.U.,,|„„K.'will U. rnul (,ti TI,iiiv,Iuv, 
 Nov. 17, uiid will 1,0 ijiacliuiilly illn..itmloil. 
 
 NOTK.S 0\ I'KTUOI.KH.M AS PTKL. 
 
 J!V I-. M. ('|,K.MK.NT. .M. ('.\N. Sni', < '. R 
 
 AiiM.nt; thr lir-1 liiui.. in C.-ililnniia „!' prtml, nni as t\u\ was llial 011 
 t|i(. Rrry sloaiiar - Th<M(>ii;^l,lai-.V' i'^>'tl l"r irchslwi-iii- Inijit cais 
 across ilio Hay of San l-'iaTifisoo. 
 
 liisults .,1 III,, trial on tliis ^t.ani.T «■.,,■ ,-lir..nirl.-,l in tl,.' n, «,~|, i|„rs 
 anil luily (inolud by r.nlroacl an,l .■n-inaTin..; Jnnrnal.s and works m> 
 fuel. 
 
 No mention was „nole nl' iU,~ ,,„.i|i,^ „| ^^,^ j„„^ ,„,,|^ ^i,,, „,,|,.,, 
 the i«(ro|..nni was ,-, in|„r.d. i,.„ ,„ lli,. tlnon i.'a! valne oi' .iil,. 1 fiul 
 
 lone ei.al i.s a bmwh li-nile of very infoiioi' (jnality, tc,„ jumr a luel 
 
 for lieneral use, and n|iaied with llie ordinary ennimereial eoal oftlii.s 
 
 coast Is aliont as three (.'!) tons to one , 1 1. 
 
 Siieh a eoal eompaivd with introhnni, and not niakin- known it.^ 
 ijuality wonl.l ereate false iui|.r,.>.i,ais annin- those ivllo have not ,i;iven 
 fuel valni's any thon-ht. They. ,d' eonr.se. wo d<l a-Munr Ihat the <.o.-d 
 Kiis lit least ei|nal to the e.als in'dinarily nsed. 
 
 The analysis |i,.|,„v „r ,l„, l„,„, ,.„.,] ^.jn j^,, ..i.gi^.i,.,,, j„ ^.,,t,^|j|j,i, j,^ 
 theoretical (,eouiiiarative} valne with other coals. 
 
 A.N.VI.VSls OK lost: COAL. 
 
 f^"'": Mti-yi) percent. 
 
 Volatile carbonaceoii.s matter 35-10 " 
 
 Fixed carbon lG-15 " 
 
 .Aah 12"45 " 
 
 IDO-dO 
 Adding the water and ash, ami dedmting we have, 
 
 ^^'^^r a,;. 30 
 
 •^»'' 12-45 4S-75 
 
 ~N 
 
 .■)l -25 per cent. 
 
 i)^ |iere.ail. of lonibnslihir niateri.il remains, and of this fnlly 20 
 per cent, will be used in the evajKiration of the liyjiroseopii- water con- 
 tamed m the coal: of the remaininj; 'Jl jvr eent., not over 80 per cent. I 
 will be thecpiivalent idau 1 Ibiiish bituminous cod. 9/X-8 "= -^'^ j 
 
 It is pndjable that one ton nlaveia-e iiriti.sb bituiniimuscoal ih equal 
 in evaporative power W^^^'U.s of the lone e.ial. JjHi.a.-^^^-'^t^ 
 
 ilk. /Kaicc^.' i^ M ) f/^ viW-C ^ 
 
 
 j^ ^C<^4<<^' 
 
 yt/u 
 
 V^ 
 
 £^tyf^ 
 
 ,^ccS 
 
 a''- 
 
 iA-h 
 
 r 
 
 O'^iryLZJ' ■ 
 
 
I'RdXIMATR AVAI.YXtH (ip I'KTROI. 
 Hoiivy Naptlia .listiliiiin bctwciiii 170 nml 2")0 tlcni.T-t 
 
 
 l'"iili 
 
 Light illiiiiiiiiiilliiM ili.«i,il|iiijr Mwi't'ii 1250 iiiui 4o0 
 
 (lci;rii',H KmIi 
 
 Lul)ii(iitin>,' nil ili>tillin- licnvcuii 40(1 aiid 520 di'tfrcrs 
 
 I'ali 
 
 Asplinltuiii Miiltliii and lom. 
 
 •^■ 
 
 7(1 per 
 
 cent. 
 
 .•11 
 
 70 
 
 ( 
 
 .'lii 
 
 10 
 
 
 IT) 
 
 44 
 
 • 
 
 lOII'OU 
 
 JLfitU^ 
 
 II.TIMATK ANALYSIS <1K l'KTUOLKtI.M, 
 
 M^' ( f'""-'"^" 84'no,,,.rcent.-87^'«7 . 
 
 /b ^ T_ U\(liogen j2.5(, it_ /(, ^ /4( L om*^ 7t^ 
 
 Xitr.pgcn and Oxygen 2'4() — "-r*" ^ O f*^ ,.«^/<^^ _ 
 
 Water, iisli nnd liiBs j-jo u uyi*<^t-^ <^f'"'^''^^^^ — 
 
 IflOOO " 
 Tlieo"nsniii|itii.n nf iiimanl- »l' «ix tlioiwiiiid ((!,000) t.ms n!' Inn ■ 
 cn.il, and Ihiitieii lliniiN.iid ^i,v linn.lvd ( 1H,(;00, lianvN nf [wtml, mil 
 nil ihf .(.•micr •■ Tlininiii.l,(„,v,- slmw, d iho oust per iiiilu ibr coal and 
 
 '"'^ '» '" '"• «l-S-7:!. and tni- tin' jh ticdiiiiii and (iiciiifti, 862.09, 
 
 or8titi.ti4 p.r mile in lavnr (d'tlii: pi-tinldiin, or 51'77 percent. 
 
 Price of Iniii' rnal per 2,000 \v,\x\\yU %'A}M\ 
 
 " I'lioleuni per barrel i ,;;! 
 
 l-'ive luuidred and lifty two nnd nne lialf ( 552A ) p.mnds of lone eoal 
 
 per mile, and luurloeii and Hvc liun.lmltljs (14, '■„■'■„> U'^dlons of petro ^ 
 
 When a tail- (,oaliiy nf coal is compared with petrok-mii, wc lind a 
 
 j-Ac^^/^hI 
 
 
 niiMiiniiiion of 552* |Kmnd.s per 
 
 very difler. ni sliowin- ; instead of a .,,„,u,i oi i.u-A inmniis per 
 
 n.ihi, only 101 j^- pounds ,.| the ('arhm, Hill coal. ^ JZSS i^ / AM, <^«^ 
 
 ANALYSIS OK CAUHO.N IIII.L COAI,. 
 
 Y"''"'' l-5<lp. cent. 1-5(1 li.ecnt. 1-70 p. cent. 
 
 Vohitile carhimaceous nmt- 
 
 ter 34'00 
 
 Fixed carbon .-i;j.75 ! n 54-35^ " 50-45-'^ ' i 
 
 A^'' ',.10-75 " 9-15 " 11-70 " ' 
 
 
 <uK*e--' 
 
 \h!IH' of 
 SlCHIIlfl'. 
 
 100-— 100- — 
 
 » .Nunilicr, kind anil size of cnginea. 
 
 No 
 
 Kiiiil. 
 
 (ij.cliii. Ft. stroltc, 
 
 Tbiiloiit;hliire 101'.' - | iligli I'n-ssiiie 
 
 Piidiiiiinl. isj^ I l.ow I'r ^jiiie 
 
 ' lloii/oniiil. , 
 
 100- — 
 
 Rcnmrka. 
 
 Hollers I'late I. 
 I Oo iloIAilB } 
 
 
 T11IAL8 ON STEA.MKI» ' rih.lllll liKKAIlK ' (PF I'KrKHI.KC M AND 
 
 I'.VIIKiiN nil. I. riiAI.. 
 
 l:i.7ll.^ mile- with petrol. 111,1 limr niontliK. 
 
 87.:i2!l.!l7 eost (d' petrolenii 
 
 853.47 cts. = _"ji*^'V''" ^'"" I"'"' '"''i^' "■'''' iK'ti-oleiiiii. including fire- 
 
 13,708 miles. men. 
 
 li)l"" imimd.s of Carbon Hill co.d jn-r mile. 
 
 2A Uiill.s per [K ind, 85 jH-r 2,000 lbs. 
 847.83 et«. = lOl-i'un ^ 2i milis, eo^t of Carbon Hill coal per mile. 
 80.13 ets. = cost per ton of extra lircmcn firing Carbon Hill coal. 
 
 853.9C ots. = cost per mile of Carbon Hill coal, inohiding extra fire- 
 men over thos(' needed firing petroleum. 
 80.38 cts. = Ic-s cost of water per mile. 
 
 853.58 cts. =r cost per mile of Carbon TTill coal. 
 
 53.47 
 8 ".11 ct<!. = in favor ot jietrnleuni jier mile. , q. 
 
 Price of t\irlmn Hill eoil, $5 pe/- 2.000 poundn. -^ •3>b'tfci' t*<d~ fw ^- 
 
 .c^^^'~IO%9iu> ^^oM. ~ l''ricoofpolroloum, 81. ti5 per barrel ot 42 gallon.^. -=.' 2f/'X 0&^ iTl t4>^' 
 
 y. -J f*"'i"»-' "e *•■'''■' "" t'"^ steamer " Tlioro.iL.rhfaiv. ■ with both fuels. ;^ ^— 'O'S'^ 
 
 ' ^ <i»»'-'- pressure, tliintde :oid revoliKinns nf the engine weiv the same. 
 
 Tri.-ils wen- aNn madu of petrnleiun and Carbon Hill enal nn the 
 steamer " Piedmont " by the writer. I'ricos of both fuels tllo sam-> as on 
 the " Thoroughtare," 
 
 
 loM^ 
 
w:dL-^ 'J 
 
 £4 oj"^"'^*^ — 
 
 ee. 
 
 ttdO 
 
 
 y^^lVJL. OA.'-ty'UX., 
 
 
 
 317,S00 imunds rarbon Hill coal ooiisunjed on tho 
 
 M'illl. 
 27ti.(i7 pi)uiiiii piT uiilt;. 
 C9.1(i7 ,-X*. -^ L'7(i.t!7 X ■1\ ,„i|,.H == cwt of ..,,,.1 per mil,,. 
 17,rifi7 •■ = (Vist |K'r ii]ili' i.r flriiiir I'mil. 
 
 8(i,7;il •■ = (',„( „r ,.„;,| .,,,,1 |i|.|||„. |„ ,. ,„||,, 
 
 20,l:i4 biimU lit' iK'tiiik'Hui coimuuii'd in steam in 
 
 !'-H..'J(l7 mills, tinir jj:^:i,204.(IO. 
 
 74,940 iN. = «:);!.L'OI.I!0 :_- ,.,«i per mile of iK.ar,.l..um, 
 
 I t..'i07 inilPH. 
 9,570 " — Co-t 111' liriiig pctrolemii. 
 
 o4,51ti " ~ v'li.^t of petroleum iind firin,!.'. 
 2,'J08 " — JMffcroiice in f'livdr nf petidleuin. 
 With the coal the ' I'iediimnL ■ inixl,' tin tripsin ninet.cn 09) 
 minutes and with petroleum Iwnly (2(») minute.., from the go ahead 
 t" ,jinfrlo bell. 
 
 Steam gau^'o pressure would fall in erossinir. ami while in the slips it 
 was neeessary to continue the hurnin- of petrol,. nm, ,.r in oiher word-, 
 It was n,'eess;,ry to bottle the st,„in. whil,. the M>ani,r remain.,! in the 
 ^hps, otherwise th,. trip :'oul.l n,)t he miol,' eieii in twenlv C^ll) minutes. 
 
 l^sins; Carhnii ||,|| eoal. stram pre.-ur. ,if lifiy • Till ) poiuid- ( hiifhost 
 nllowid liy law ..„ (his ^t,am,r; «as ,.asily maintain, d. nn,l while lying 
 in the slips, iloors :inil il.impers wen; closed. 
 
 Assnuiini; that the eon-umpiioii ,d' fuel ,ni the same .ste:nm>r vari.s 
 as the square of ih.' speed ni>dtipli,'d l.y ih,. ,lisianee. th,. ratio would 
 be 1 t,i 1.1 (H(. 
 
 74.94 ets. — Cwt of pilmhiim fur tini,' of •>.» minnt.vs. 
 83,108 " = 74.94 els. < l,l(i!> --= co>t of pi.troleum for speed of 
 nin,l,en (^19) miniiies. 
 
 9,5/1'. ' 
 
 =: Cost of firini; |Ktr(ileuni 
 
 
 
 
 
 92,U84 ' 
 
 = Cost of petroleum ami tiriiij; 
 (19) minut,'s. 
 
 to make time of iiinetmn 
 
 86,724 ' 
 
 (,Vt of eoal ami fn inii. 
 
 
 ■^ Kt U>4fl^iA 
 
 i>.!l60 .. Hitfei-enee in fiivour of ,„al at ei.ual vebeity, or time in 
 
 cossini;. 
 The result of the trials indieate that petrol,Mim on the steamer 
 '• Thorrmghfiire - is ,s|ij:htly eh,ap,.r than Carhon Hill ,„al, with petro- . • / tJ 
 
 eu -1 at S1.U5 per barrel ami ( ■arbo,, |li|| ,.,m| al .<*;, per --'.DIMI ;.nuM,ls. V ^ ;W^ U/wU' i^^fi^ ' 
 
 On the " i'iedmont,"pelr,il,um is th,.eli,.aper if mi value i.< placed fl-Siac ^r*v«-^ «^ «^<^' 
 on th, dittircnee in time. 
 
 Since th,. ^d,ove trials wer,. maile petroleum has been rcluced to «1,.K) 
 Jier barrel, a leduction olabout l.") percent. ; the price ofCarlron Hill coal 
 remains the same. This reduction >o far as the fuel value is .-oncerned, 
 places petroleum iM'yoml ,-omparison, althoMjib thcr,' may be some nmwlion 
 as to iis salety on passen;_','r sti-amiTS. 
 
 The app.iratus for supplying' tlie peiroleuni to the furnaiv is sub.-tuii 
 lially the .same as those ns,.d in liii>sia, and i- so ,.-..nstructe,l that a jit 
 
 of steam meets the iietroieiim at the i itb of tin; burninf,' pipe 
 
 atomi7.,.s it into a tinely ileci,le,l vap,iur, burninj; with a loud roarinj; 
 noise. 
 
 When the supply of p,lroleum is properly ailjusted there is no smoke 
 and the I'ombuslion apjiears complete.