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The following diagrams illustrate the method: Les cartes, planches, tableaux, etc., peuvent dtre filmds A des taux de reduction diffirents. Lorsque le document est trop grf'.d pour dtre reproduit en un seul cliche, il est filmi d partir de Tangle supdrieur gauche, de gauche d droite, et de haut en bas, en prenant le nombre d'images nicessaire. Les diagrammes suivants illustrent la mdthode. 1 2 3 I 1 2 3 4 5 6 AHe mik. %#;;^' : '■*-«F^ ■-"^.. •^-^j^fHf^t^-^^" _^^ «!»• T« ■.,^5.:, ■"•?*«■- 1^ NORTH AND SOUTH -xricfc PaciFic Coast Steamship Co ALASKA AND OTHER POINTS OF INTEREST. rtuatir II. 8. IKix KKIl riiMl'*X»,H.i, K«i'«,.i..o INDEX. I-AOB. Sicamers— the Company's Fleet 2 Routes Operated 2 Coiitiectioiis 3 Important Notice to those Writing for Infor- mation 4 Alaska Route: Land of the Midnight Sun s Schedule of saihtigs, Season 1S96 6 Sitka and Unalaska Mail Route 7 Where the Country Is and Its Extent. . . 9 Best Time to CiO 9 Which Way to Go and Return 9 What to Take 11 I'assengers Starting from San Francisco . 11 Start out from Port Townsend 13 What there is to Admire 13 Where the Steamers stop 15 Prospecting Outfit 17 Testimonials, etc 39 Alaskan Glaciers, Description of .... . 21 Meteorological 22 rA(;B. San Fkancisco-Sa.v Diec.o Roiitk: nescription of Steamers on the Route . ,%5 Time of sailing ^nd en route ..... 3.S The Golden Ga e and Other Points of In- terest ,1S Port Harford .^5 Santa Harbara .15 Port I,os Angeles 36 Redondo i^ San Diego i^ Port Hariord, via Thk Pacific Coast Ry. TO San I.iis Oiiisi'o, Arroyo Grandk, Santa Makia, etc., to I,os Olivos. TiiKNCK VIA STAdi; to Santa Hakhara: 3H San I.uis Obispo (" Arroyo Grande . to I,os I'lerros 4° Hkitisii Coh'Mmia and I'rc.Kr SoiNn Rottk : Descrintion of Steamers on the Route ... 24 Time of sailing and eu route 24 Starting from San l"rancisco 24 The Golden Gate and Other Points of In- terest 24 Straits of Fuca 24 Victo'ia. B. C 2'i Puget Sound 2,s Port TownBend 25 Seattle 27 Tacoma 2S Hverelt. 2S Anacortes 2S Vanconvev, H. C 2« POKTI.ANn (ORKCiON) KoiTi:: Description of Steanwrson the Route— the Columbia and State of California ... 29 Time of sailing and en route 29 Columbia River and Bar 30 Portland jo Astoria 3" F;UREKA or Hl'MIiOLOT BAY ROUTE: Description of Steamer on the Route . . . 31 Time of sailing and en route 31 Humboldt Hay 3' Kuteka 32 Steamer " Queen " at Juneau . S Steamer 'Uueen " at Wrangel .10 Steamer "yueen " at Muirf.lacier 12 View in Glacier Bay, showing section of Muir Glacier 16 Indian River, near Sitka iH .Maska Glacier 20 Glaciers of Glacier Bay and Vicinity 23 Seattle, Wash., from the Water Front .... 2fi Nipomo t" Santa Maria ... 40 I. OS .\lanios (i 1,0s Olivos 4' San Fkancisco-Newi'ORT Route: Steamers on the Route 4^ Time of sailing and en route . 42 Santa Cruz 42 Moss Landing 13 Monterey . ■■ 4,i San Simeon \^ Cayucos 44 I.ompoc I.aiid'.ng 44 Gaviota 14 Goleta 14 Santa Barbara 4.') Carpenteria 15 Ventura 15 Hueneme 45 San Pedro and P'ast San Pedro 45 Newport t^ I,os Angeles .(6 San Francisco and Mexican Route: Dcscrii)lion of Steamers on the Route ... 4ft Time of sailing and en route 4(1 Hnsenada 46 Magdalena Bay 17 San Jose del Cabo 17 Mazatlan 17 I, a Paz iS Santa Rosalia 4* Guavmas . 4'^ Altata 19 ILLUSTRATIONS. PA^ >n ;::; ^ ^ riM ^^n 8! S,: "^ =3 3 -s; 3 ' « ^ » 4 -^ • a'i'S'S'S'S'S -"3 ."3 ■ *i3'o3'M'3'3'o31ii'3 3 ot g «! 3 ? f- * H It O w o °c o _^ SsCdosC < S Hj 1^ « X c-l 1^ (N I- ^ k 333 3.- J3 X : 3 :' >-> 3 • •< ■ :IQ 2 :a 3 :"' >-> • 0> ; M ■ 3 • •< : i?: •-s • 00 • 3 • < : a "all 1-2 a a a a a a B a5'S:s e^'SiS.^s a -S3-- £ S.-0 3 >-T3 u. .2 C (. t C I I I c 3 5 Sitka ^^^ Unalaska Mail routk. LEON SLOSS, Contractor, 310 SAN80ME STREET, SAN FRANCISCO. CAL. • < . ; II U.S. MAIL STEAMER "DORA. Running from Sitka to UnalaAka, Alaska, And connecting at Sitka with the Pucific Coast Steamship Go's Steamer "City o» Topeka." Schedule of Rates, etc., April to October, 1896, Inclusive. FrelRht per Ton. Sitka to or from Yakutat Sitka to or from Nutcbik Sitka to or from Kodiak (St. Paul) . . . . Sitka to or from Karluk Sitka to or from Unga Sitka to or from Sand Point Sitka to or from Unalaska Kodiak (St. Paul) to or from Unalaska Yakutat to or from Nutchik Nutchik to or from Kodiak (St. Paul) . Kodiak (St. Paul) to or from Karluk . . Karluk to or from Unga Unga to or from Sand Point Sand Point to or from Unalaska I 6 50 9 50 10 00 12 00 17 SO 19 50 20 00 10 00 5 00 5 2 5 5 CO 00 50 00 10 00 Cabin Pauage. Single Pare. Round Trip. Steerage Passage. Single Round Fare. Trip. |I4 00 27 50 3.S 00 39 50 53 50 54 50 70 00 35 00 13 50 13 00 4 50 14 00 I 00 16 50 I25 00 49 50 60 00 7r 00 96 50 98 00 120 00 60 00 24 50 23 50 8 00 26 00 2 00 30 00 I 9 50 18 50 22 50 -5 50 35 00 35 50 45 on 22 50 9 00 8 50 3 00 9 50 50 II 00 p7 iJO 33 50 40 50 ! 46 GO ! 63 00 64 00 80 00 40 00 16 00 15 50 5 00 17 00 I GO i 20 00 All merchRndise received and delivered at ship'§ tackles. Shippers to pay all tolls, wharfage, boating and cartage. All merchandise taken at owner's risk only. Merchandise on which freight has not been paid will be stored, as well as conditions will permit, at the risk and expense of the shipper. Freight will be taken either by measurement or weight, at the option of Master or Purser of the ship. Perishable goods only taken with freight prepaid, and at owner's risk. In all cases when the vessel cannot land at any of the ditferent stations, the Ship's Master reserves the right to land passengers and freight for such stations on the next return stoppage at same. SAILING DAYS. From Sitka on or about the 8th day of eacl month from April to October, inclusive. Intermediate ports at proportionate times. Regular connections for passengers to Cook's Inlet will be made during the season. For further particulars see Sitka papers, or apply to P. C. S. 3. Co., or any agent or otlice of Ai.aska Commercial Co. For information, etc., appl'' to Agent Alaska Commerciai Co., 310 Sansome St., San Francisco, Cal.; or to " " " " Unalaska, Alaska ; or to " " " " Kodiak, Alaska. For tickets, freight, etc., apply to Edward Db Groff, Agent for Steamer, Sitka, Alaska, or to PURSER of Steamer for intermediate ports. . LEON SLOSS, Contractor. For Information regrardlng: connections -with other points In MTestern Alaska and the Yukon River, apply to AL.ASKA COiramiERCIAI^ CO., 310 Sansome St., San Francisco. i 1^ ALASKA ROUTE. 'O TRAVELER or tourist has ever returned from Alaska, after making the voyage by the steamers of the PACIFIC COAST STEAMSHIP COM- PANY, but has acknowledged it to be pre-emi- nently f/ie cheapest, grandest and most enjoyable excursion ever advertised or patronized. As people have, as a rule, very crude and often very erroneous ideas in relation to Alaska — the means of getting there, the cost and length of time required to make the vojage — the following facts and informa- tion will be of interest to those who intend to stay at home as well as those intending to make the excursion. WHERE THE COUNTRY IS, AND ITS EXTENT. The name "Alaska" is a corruption of Al-ay-ek-sa, the name given by the native islanders to the mainland, and signi- fies "great country." It contains nearly 600,000 square miles of territory, or is nearly one-fifth as large as all the other States and Territories combined. It is larger than twelve States the size of New York. The portion of Alaska visited by these excursions is the southeastern. It would require a couple of months to visit the western, and an indefinite and uncertain time to reach and return from the northern portion. In fact, the whaling fleet and the regular organized Arctic expeditions are about the only outfits that attempt to pass Point Barrow, on the northern shore of Alaska. There are probably few people on the Pacific Slope, or else- where for that matter, aware of the fact that San Francisco is several hundred miles east of midway between the eastern and westernmost shores of the United States. Yet such is the case. It is nearly 4,000 miles from the longitude of the most western of the Aleutian Islands directly east to San Francisco, while it is not over about 3,500 miles from San Francisco directly east to the longitude of the east coast of Maine. BEST TIME TO GO. The best time to visit Alaska for pleasure is from May to September, inclusive. Prospectors and miners should take either the March or April steamer, so as to be on the ground when the snow melts. September is the last month in the year that can be recommended for excursion purposes. The weather in September is usually lovely, and the sea as smooth as a mirror ; the days, however, begin to grow comparatively short. WHICH WAY TO GO AND RETURN. The excursion tickets from Si^n Francisco are good for trip only on steamer for which sold. It takes about twenty days to 1 ' - .-'W^''- ", , (■ • Pacific Coast Sleamship Company. II make the trip via Victoria and Port Townsend and return the same way, but tickets are also sold \.oreturn\\di Port Townsend, Seattle, Tacoma, Portland, and thence by steamer to San Francisco. If you can spare the time and extra cost (which is slight), this latter is the ticket to buy, as itenables you to see the up-Sound ports, as well as Portland, and the grand and majestic Columbia River. It will also give you an opportunity to spend a few days visiting the Cascades, Oregon Falls, Willamette Valley, and other noted and interesting points in Oregon. Excursion tickets can also be purchased of the Southern Pacific Company, from San Francisco to Tacoma by rail, returning by steamer. Passengers via the Canadian Pacific Rai' ' xy can take or leave the Alaska steamer either at Port Townsend or Victoria. The service between Vancouver, the western terminus of the Cana- dian Pacific Railway, and Victoria, is performed by the Canadian Pacific Navigation Company's steamers, which make daily trips (Mondays excepted). WHAT TO TAKE. As the rainfall in Alaska is usually very heavy, it naturally follows that an umbrella is a convenient companion. A gossa- mer for a lady and a mackintosh for a gentleman, and heavy shoes, and coarse, warm and comfortable clothing for both, should be provided. There is no use for a swallow-tail or a court dress or Sunday-go-to-meeting clothes in Alaska. Ladies' skirts should be short, so they will not draggle over the wet deck of the steamer, or over the damp grass or moss on shore. If you intend (as you no doubt will, and certainly should) to climb up onto and take a run over a glacier, you will find much advantage in having spikes in your shoes, and a stiff cane with a good ferrule on it, or else a regular Alpenstock. It is best for several to keep together in climbing around on a glacier. A little hatchet and small rope, in charge of some one of the party, would be very handy in case of an accident, which is always possible if people are careless, but not probable if they are careful. You need not take any eatables ; these are furnished without any extra charge, in abundance and of the best quality, on board. You are allowed to take one hundred and fifty pounds of baggage free. PASSENGERS STARTING FROM SAN FRANCISCO should take the steamer which leaves Broadway Wharf, (Pier 9,) for Victoria, B. C, and Puget Sound ports. On the third day out, in the morning, probably, by or before daylight, you arrive and tie up to the outer wharf at the entrance to Victoria Harbor, B. C. Here the steamer remains several hours, discharging freight, during which time you can ride into and around the city. It is possible the Alaska steamer Pacific Coast Steamship Company. 13 ■ 5^ ■ -J 1 'A may be here waiting your arrival, but the chances are that you will make the connection over at Port Townsend, which is the regular port of transfer — selected (it being an American port) in order to avoid annoyance from the custo?ns officials. Victoria is, however, a much more enjoyable place than Port Townsend to spend a day or so in, and many passen- gers prefer to do so. A call on the company's agents, Messrs. R. P. Rithet & Co., 61 and 63 Wharf Street, will obtain the information as to whether or not you can remain here or must proceed to Port Townsend, and join the Alaska steamer at that point. Passengers from opvia Portland can obtain tickets and further information at the office of this company. Passengers from Seattle or other ports on the Sound can engage passage and obtain information by applying to the company's agents at Victoria, Port Townsend, Seattle or Tacoma. START OUT FROM PORT TOWNSEND FOR ALASKA. ' Two or three hours' steaming and you are in Victoria, B. C. You have probably been here before, and will not care to tarry long — you will be accommodated — a few hours at the farthest and you are headed north. The chances are that ne.xt morning you will wake up and find yourself in Departure Bay, which is the coaling station. You may have time while the vessel is load- ing to ride out to the coal mines. If you have not, you can amuse yourself fishing and rambling about the town and adja- cent country. You will not be kept here longer than absolutely necessary, for the Captain is anxious to start on his journey north. Ready — all aboard — off we go ! Now you can bid good- by to the railroad and telegraph, to the bustle and worry and confusion of the world. All you have to do now is to see and enjoy the sights ; to eat, drink and be merry. You would like to know WHAT THERE IS IN ALASKA TO ADMIRE. Well, let us see. There are a variety of things to admire, some to wonder at, others to ponder over, and all of them we hope to enjoy. First, then, you will scarcely believe your own senses or realize the fact that the waters you are sailing over are the salt waters of the Pacific Ocean. It does not .seem pos- sible that you can glide along day after day, and week after week, without encountering a wave or scarcely a ripple to disturb the equilibrium of the vessel. You will realize, how- ever, by the compass of your appetite, that you are obtaining all the advantages of a sea-voyage without being obliged to wrestle with that much dreaded monster, sea-sicknes.s. You wonder how and when and why these thousands of islands, past which you are constantly sailing, were formed — islands, some of them no larger than a good-sized house, while others 14 Pacific Coast Steamship Company. V pi 1 III I! are empires in themselves. You will sail through narrow and serpentine passages, which can only be navigated at slack and high tide on account of the terrific current which rushes through at other stages of the tide. You will see, admire and pass through channels hundreds of miles in length, as straight as an arrow and of unfathomable c pths, banked on either side by perpendicular and gigantic mountains, whose untrod sum- mits are clothed in clouds and ice. But what will interest you most of all will be the glaciers. You will see a number of them on your way up to Juneau, glittering in the distance before you have an opportunity to climb onto one. There is a great satis- faction in imparting to your acquaintances the fact that you have seen the glaciers of Alaska, and traveled over them. For beauty these glaciers are unapproachable, and as for size — why, the largest one in Switzerland would scarcely make a respect- able sized nose if it could be transferred bodily to the face of one of those sleeping giants in the fastnesses of Alaska. If the tide is right, you will hear the thundering crash caused by the icebergs breaking off from the glaciers and tumbling into the water. You will also most likely see the ship surrounded by a "sea of ice," which is the prettiest picture you have ever seen, and which you will be sure to admire and never forget. If you have never visited a mining camp and seen the miners with their picks and shovels and red shirts, you will doubtless be pleased at the opportunity which who will have at Douglas Island (near Juneau) of looking over the Treadwell Mine, and seeing the largest quartz-mill in the world in full operation. It is only a short walk from Juneau to the placer mines. Alaskan waters abound in the choicest kinds offish, which, though you may not particularly admire, you will doubtless enjoy. The salmon and halibut, fresh as the morning dew, of which you frequently have opportunity to partake, are simply delicious — yum ! yum ! If you prefer to catch rather than to eat these beauties, no one objects, and there is plenty of opportunity. The Indians are much finerand more intelligent than those you have seen farther south. You will be amused to see the squaws, on the arrival of the steamer (by the way, the arrival of the steamer is the great event of the month), sitting around on the sills of the wharf, dressed in their best raiment, and many of them with a portion of their face blackened — some- times their teeth — which, added to their natural ugliness, makes them look like the very old Nick himself The more stormy the weather, the less clothing these Indians wear as a rule, for they evidently consider clothing made more for orna- ment than use. They will offer you for sale, furs, silver brace- lets, little carved images, canoes and various knickknacks ; but, as a rule, they have a high appreciation of their wares and you can do better to buy from a white man's store in Sitka or Pacific Coast Steatnship Company. 15 Juneau. You will be amused at their totem poles, which are made by cutting down a good, straight tree, dressing it down to the desired size, and then carving^ it in a very rude way, with figures of birds, Indian warriors, and other fantastic shapes, which resemble very much Chinese carving. After these poles receive a sufficient amount of labor and skill, they are raised and planted on end before the owner's hut ; and great value is attached to some of them, a couple of thousand dollars being considered a very reasonable price for the largest and choicest. AT WHAT POINTS STEAMERS STOP IN ALASKA. That depends on circumstances. They always call at Mary Island, Wrangel, Juneau, Douglas Island, Killisnoo and Sitka. Sitka is the capital of the Territory, but Juneau is the chief settlement, and is the headquarters of the mining business. You must not fail to see the Greek church in Sitka. There are but two Greek churches in the United States, outside of Alaska, and this is the most ancient and interesting of them all. Most of the other places the steamers stop at are trading- posts and fisheries. Fishing, mining and trading are the principal industries in Alaska. There are no " Palace " hotels in Alaska. Unless you have business to attend to you will not desire to remain over there a trip, but you will go when and where the steamer goes, and you will have an opportunity of seeing the principal objects of interest in Southeastern Alaska. The steamers sometimes go north as far as Chilcat, say up to about the fifty-eighth degree of north latitude. The pleasure is not so much in the stopping as in the going. You are constantly passing through new channels, past new islands, opening up new points of interest, imtil you finally surfeit of the grand and magnificent in Nature and are glad to RETURN. The transfer will be made at either Port Townsend or Vic- toria from the Alaska steamer to the San Francisco steamer. Passengers going to or by way of Portland can take the train at Tacoma, over the Northern Pacific Railroad to Portland. HAVING ARRIVED HOME you will find your eyes clear and sparkling, your appetite keen, your step more elastic, your general health immensely im- proved, and, in case you were not up to a proper and healthy standard when you started out, your avoirdupois increased any- where from five to thirty pounds. You will be delighted at having made the journey. You will have lots of st'"'ies to tell of your experiences, which will make you the lion of your social gathering and the envy of those who stayed at home or went to the springs. This is the invariable experience of those who take this trip to Alaska. IM Wi B i rH^r pPfr'' I#-' fc ;, '^^iii !'.•>■<•• t 1, *'^ > ■ 'V ■P gH ] ^^■rnl Pacific Coast Steamship Company. 17 The following is an extract from Miss Scidmore's book, "Journeys in Alaska :" "Life on the waveless arms of the ocean has a great fascina- tion on oi.e of these Alaskan trips, and, crowded with novelty, incidents and surprises as each day is, the cruise seems all too short when the end approaches. One dreads to get to land again and end the easy, idle wandering through the long arch- ipelago. The voyage is but one protracted marine picnic, and an unbroken succession of memorable days. Where in all the list of them to place the red letter or the white stone puzzles one. The passengers beg the Captain to reverse the .ngines, or boldly turn back and keep up the cruise until the autumn gales make us willing to return to the region of earthly cares and responsibilities, daily mails and telegraph wires. The long nightless days never lose their spells, and in retrospect the wonders of the northland appear the greater. The weeks of continuous travel over deep, placid waters, in the midst of mag- nificent scenery, might be a journey of exploration on a new continent, so different is it from anything else in American travel. Seldom is anything bi.. an Indian canoe met. For days no sign of settlement is seen along the quiet fiords, and making nocturnal visits to small fisheries, only the unbroken wilderness is in sight during waking hours. "The anchoring in strange places, the going to and fro in small boats, the queer people, the strange life, the peculiar fas- cination of the frontier, and the novelty of the whole thing, affects one strangely. Each arm of the sea, and the unknown, unexplored wilderness that lies back of every mile of shore, continually tempt the imagination." Prospecting Outfit. Prospecting is difficult and laborious. Still, by taking the beds of the streams, it can be done satisfactorily, and there is enough in sight now to induce a more thorough exploration than has ever yet been made. Hopeful indications continue to reward every attempt, and the opinion is general among mining men that many more rich gold fields will be discovered. For the work of prospecting, a boat of some kind is the first neces- sity, and it should have a good sail, and be fitted with the means of securing goods (a few at least) against rain and wave. Beside a boat, a good tent, large enough to shelter the entire party, should be provided, and bear or other skins enough to lay under them to protect bed and body from the dampness in the ground. These last can be obtained in the country. After this a stout rain-coat and gum-boots come next, and the remainder of the outfit, as to tools, provisions, etc., can be according to individual preference. Each party should have at least one good rifle of ii i ■'!i 1ii (It |i I'' T Pacific Coast S/ranis/iip Conipa/iv. 19 tf' large caliber, as bears are sonietiiiies encouutered and deer fre- quently seen. The spring in Alaska is generally more backward than in more southern latitudes, doubtless because the mountains invariably become covered with snow during the winter, and, until it has begun to appreciably disappear, the atmosphere is kept more or less chilled. But the compensation comes in the fall when the mild weather is extended far beyond its limit in many other places nearer the center of civilization. Vege- tables and flowers frequently are found growing out in tlie gardens after December has arrived, and it is rare that heavy frosts occur before that month. The summers in Alaska are delightful — never oppressively warm, but enough so as to cheer and invigorate. The thermometer clings around seventy-nine degrees for weeks, and sometimes mouths, while the pleasant daylight never entirely fades out of the amber sky. Extracts From Letters Received by the Pacific Coast Steamship Company. [From John T. Morris, the celebrated Iron Manufacturer of Philadelphia ] I have been trying to find time ever since my return from our Alaska trip to express my and our thanks to yoti for having arranged everything so pleasant for us, also for having encour- aged us to take the trip at all. It exceeded my every expecta- tion, and I can only hope that .ny more parties will visit those beautiful land-locked waters ; and I hope they will also enjoy as delightful weather and have as pleasant company as we had. The trip will be an ever-memorable one to us. [From His Honor M. R. Waite, late Chief Justice of the Supreme Court of the United Stales.] I cannot leave this Coast without letting you know what a delightful trip I had to Alaska, on the Idaho^ in July and August. It was all I had looked for, and more, too. The officers and men on th.e ship were thoughtful and attentive, and nothing was left undone that would contribute to the comfort and pleasure of the passengers. I am certain the excursion will soon become one of the most popular on the continent, and it surely is one of the most enjoyable. [PVom H. B. Whipple, Bishop of Minnesota.] I know of no scenery in our country more beautiful, and no excursion that I have ever made has left so many delightful memories as our excursion on your steamer to Alaska with the Lord Bishop of Rochester. : i II 1 Pacific Coas( Steamship Company. 21 [From VVm. Garrard, Esi)., Savannah, Ga.] I enjoyed my trip to Alaska very inucli. It was like going into a foreign country. It is a most interesting excursion — nothing to efjual it that I know of. The climate in summer, the beautiful land-locked water-way, the gold mini's, fisheries, Indians, glaciers and the good service on the boats combine to render it a charming voyage, and I only wish I could go again. Alaskan Glaciers. HV KATE KIKLD. Soon after leaving Wrangel, the first Alaskan glacier is seen 'n the distance, looking like a frozen river emerging from the home of the clouds. he sea is glassy, and a procession of small bergs, broken away from the glacier, float silently toward the south. It is Nature's dead march to the sun, to melt in its burning kisses, and to be transplanted into happy tears. Wild ducks fly past, and from his eyrie a bald-headed eagle surveys the scene — deeply, darkly, beautifully blue — apparently con- scious that he is the symbol of the Republic. There are Gla- ciers and glaciers. In Switzerland a glacier is a vast bed of dirty air-holed ice that has fastened itself, like a cold porous- plaster, to the side of an Alp. Distance alone lends enchant- ment to the view. In Alaska a glacier is a wonderful torrent that seems to have been suddenly frozen when about to plunge into the sea. Down and about mountains wind these snow- clad serpents, extending miles inland, with as many arms sometimes as an octopus. Wonderfully picturesque is the Da- vid.son Glacier, but more extended is the Muir Glacier, which marks the extreme northerly points of pleasure travel. Im- agine a glacier three miles wide and three hundred feet hijrh at its mouth. Think of Niagara Falls frozen stiff", add thirty- six feet to its height, and you have a slight idea of the terminus of Muir Glacier, in front of which your steamer anchors ; pic- ture a background of mountains fifteen thousand feet high, al'. snow clad, and then imagine a gorgeous sun lighting up the ice cj 'stals with rainbow coloring. The face of the glacier takes 01. iie hue of aquamarine, the hue of every bit of floating ice, b'^ and little, that surrounds the steamer and makes navigation serious. These dazzling serpents move at the rate of sixty-four feet a day, tumbling headlong into the sea, and as it falls the ear is startled with submarine thunder, the echoes of which resound far and near. Down, down, down goes the berg, and woe to the boat in its way when it again rises to the surface. 179202 ':{■ 22 Pacific Coast Steamship Company. METEOROLOGICAL. Table of extremes and averages of temperature and precipitation, number of dear, fair and cloudy days, at Sitka, Alaska, furnished by the U. S. Weather Bureau, Department of Agriculture, Washingtoti, D. C. Year Record, 1881 TO 1887. TEMPrRATURE. Precipitation. ■< No. OP Days. January l''ebruary . . . March April May June July August September. . October November . . December. . . Average . (1) 51 -2 (3) 34-2 (4) 53 (5) 9-75 (6) 18.7 (7) 17.0 (8) 5-4 52 -3 330 55 10.51 17-3 "•3 6.2 59 4 37-2 55 10.02 20.3 8.8 5-9 66 22 41.9 44 6.24 17-7 2.1 5-7 80 28 46.9 52 494 16.6 0.0 5-2 75 38 51.6 37 358 137 0.0 6.5 72 42 54-4 30 5.28 16.0 0.0 3-6 79 41 56.6 38 6-93 16. 1 0.0 6.1 69 32 52.3 37 11.09 20.4 0.0 6.2 61 26 45-7 35 13-49 19. 1 0.0 5 3 56 5 39-8 51 13-68 19 9 0.1 30 56 9 36-0 47 lO.II 19.7 2.1 7.2 21 44-1 44 105 . 5? 2l6.0 * 41.4 66 » (») 8.6 8.7 S.I 9-4 lo.o 6.9 8.4 9-5 7.8 8.9 7-4 9 4 (10) 17.0 133 17.0 14.9 158 16.6 19.0 154 16.0 16.8 19.6 14.4 103.0 * 196.0 * Average annual. Explanation. — Column i shows the highest temperature observed during any January, February, etc., from 1881 to 1887. Column 2 shows the lowest temperatures observed during any Jan- uary, Februaiy, etc. Column 3 is the mean temperature for the whole period of observation. Column 4 is the range, or the differ- ence between the figures in columns i and 2. The average precip- itation is given in column 5. The average frequency of rain or snow, or the average number of rainy days, will be found in column 6. The average depth of snow is given in column 7. In columns 8, 9 and 10 is given the average number of clear days — days with no clouds or less than three tenths of the sky covered with clouds ; fair days, — days from three to seven tenths of the sky covered with clouds ; and cloudy d_ys, — days with the sky eight to ten tenths covered with clouds. I T (10) 17.0 13-3 17.0 14.9 158 16.6 19.0 154 16.0 16.8 19.6 I 14.4 196.0 ! ' li ! i T I! ! li I Hi' 1 ; I m 24 f^acific Coast Steamship Company. BRITISH COLUMBIA AND PUGET SOUND ROUTE The steamers usually employed on this route are the City of Puebla^ Walla Walla and Umatilla^ sailing from San Francisco and Puget Sound ports every fifth day. These vessels are all large, fine and fast, the City of Puebla especially, being probably the fastest merchant steamer plying on the Pacific Coast. These vessels have a carrying capacity of some 2,500 tons, and very extensive passenger accommodations, both first and second class. The time ordinarily occupied on the trip from San Francisco to Seattle is about three days. The usual first class fare is $15 ; second class, $7.50, including a berth and meals. Starting from Broadway Wharf (Pier 9), San Francisco, the steamer glides rapidly past the frowning fortress on Alcatraz Island on the right, past Lime Point, on which are some of Uncle Sam's heaviest ordnances, leaving Fort Point on the left, passing Point Bonita, on which is located a lighthouse, then, crossing the bar by the north channel, and heading direct for Point Reyes. The scenery passing through the Golden Gate is perhaps the finest that can be seen in any port in the country, San Francisco Bay being unsurpassed in its extent, depth of water and general accessibility by any port or harlDor in the world. Passing through the North Channel the Potato Patch is on the left, or in sailor parlance, port side. The Potato Patch is in a sense the middle ground between the North and South chan- nels, and is called so from the fact that a small sailing vessel, a great many years ago, loaded with potatoes, was lost there. The north heads will be noticed as high, precipitous and rugged, and this is the general character of the country for some distance. Point Reyes is some thirty-three miles north of San Francisco, and a lighthouse and fog signal station are here located. The next point of importance is Point Arena, on which are located an important lighthouse and fog signal station. Steamers for Puget Sound do not hug the shore as do the small steamers bound for intermediate landings ; there- fore, only the most prominent and important points are noted in passing. Usually, the Straits of Fuca are reached in the evening of the second day out the steamer arriving at Victoria the same evening or night. Here the vessel ties up at what is called the outer or ocean dock, and commences at once to discharge her cargo. The passengers have an opportunity, if they so desire. Pacific Coast Steamship Compa?iy. 25 to visit the city while the steamer is lying at the wharf, but, as this is frequently in the nighttime, it is usual for them to do their visiting in Victoria on the return trip. We will here pause at Victoria long enough to give a short account of the city. VICTORIA, B. C, is the provincial capital of British Columbia, situated on Vic- toria Harbor, at the southern extremity of Vancouver Island. Its population is about 20,000. It is the irost important mer- cantile and commercial city of the pro^ance. Th' surround- ing country is both agricultural and mineral, producing wheat, oats, hops, silver, gold and coal. Large salmon canneries are located here, and extensive shipments of lumber and *ish are made to foreign markets. There are several first-class hotels, public halls, etc. The British Naval Station is located about three miles distant, at Esquimault. The roads in and around Victoria are noted for being among the best on the continent. The Government buildings and some of the residences are very fine. There is also a large dry dock at Esquimault. The climate in the summer time is charming, and this city is the resort of many tourists. From Victoria the steamer proceeds to Port Townsend, a run of about thirty-four miles. A fine view of the Olympian Mountains in clear weather can be obtained in the run from Victoria across the Straits to Port Townsend, and frequently Mount Rainier will loom up in the distance, a magnificent sight. PORT TOWNSEND. The vessel will perhaps spend an hour here, discharging freight, during which time the passengers have an opportunity of taking a walk up and around town. The city is located on what is known as Port Townsend Bay, about thirty-three miles from Victoria, as above noted, and about forty-five miles from Seattle. Its population is about 5,000. It is the principal port of entry for Puget Sound district ; has a good harbor, and considerable commerce in the products of the State, the lumber interest being the most important. The surrounding country is heavily timbered, and has deposits of coal and iron near by. It has sev- eral hotels. National banks and opera houses, sawmills, found- ries, machine shops, ' public halls, newspapers, fine water- works, and is generally equipped as a first-cla.ss city. Fort Townsend is a military post about two and a half miles distant by water, and five miles by land, on the west side of the bay, which is the headquarters of the United States troops for that section of the country. At Port Townsend the Alaska passengers north bound are usually transferred from the San Francisco Ilil! fc ■m i»H ■^•^ ^^■L* '' " . ^^r|3ii '" '1 ^i (■ ' L" < ''-^B »' -i i 1 ^ I'^ijlsl •' ? 1 oH^M fljB^^^^B^H^'^B^H t 1 .•.s'^k -.^ "jl*^ ■ t ^ 1 ''-fc. A ^ ■■■■ "'■'''■ 1 ■■■'^•--- ■ui^ ^ 1 .,% v-r.. -(y^.t 1 i 8 "5 ■s 5 il Pacific Coast Steamship Company 27 o 1- a. O a. u. O * ul > 3 I n steamer to the Alaska steamer, and vice versa. The view from the residence portion of tlie city, which is located on the hill or table-land right back of the water front, is extensive and fine. The company's agent can generally be found on or about the dock, on which his office is located. From Port Townsend the steamer proceeds directly to Seattle, where she usually lies nearly or quite all day discharging freight at the Oregon Im- provement Company's ocean dock, which gives passengers a fine opportunity to take in the town, and, if they .so desire, take a ride on the electric cars over to Lake Washington, or other points of interest. SEATTLE is the metropolis of Puget Sound and is situated on what is known as Elliot Bay. It has a population of about 65,000. It is a city possessing great natural advantages, and is evidently destined to be one of the principal cities on the Pacific slope. A fine country is tributary to King County which embraces some 60,000 acres of coal fields, mountains ot hematite iron ore, and valleys of wonderfully productive soil in hops, hay, potatoes, grain, vegetables and fruit. The surface of the country is covered with fir, spruce, cedar and hard wood timber. Seactle is connected almost hourly with Tacoma by both rail and steamer, and with all sound ports as well as Pacific Coast and foreign ports by regular lines of steamers. Seattle is the western terminus o" the Great Northern Railway, and is the headquarters as well as the terminus of several local railroads and a large fleet of local steamers. The city is well supplied with electric and cable cars and most of the buildings are of the most modern description and of fine architectural design. In June, i88g, nearly the entire business part of the city was destroyed by fire, which apparently was a blessing in disguise as the new city is a wonderful improvement on the old. Seattle is supplied with electric lights, telephone exchange, several public halls, standard theaters, a paid fire department, and excellent fire and water system embracing public water works, costing a million dollars, and a harbor fire boat. Its manufacturing interests are important and varied and too numerous to mention. Great quantities of coal, lumber and lumber products, salmon, grain, etc., are shipped from liere. It can be truthfully said that Seattle is the center of commerce of Puget Sound. A project is now on foot to build a canal between Seattle and Lake Washington at a cost of some $7,000,000. In consequence of the steamer being delayed so long, discharging freight at Seattle, passengers for Tacoma and other Sound ports are here transferred to either the railroads or local steamers. After discharging her freight tlie steamer then proceeds to T 28 1 1 I ii; ! ! ! J i ! 'i Pacific Coast Steamship Company. TACOMA, which is distant some twenty-five miles from Seattle. It has a population of about 36,000 and is situated at the head of Commencement Bay, the extreme southeastern harbor of Pugct Sound. It has a good harbor and is the western termi- nus of the Northern Pacific Railroad. Some fifty miles of electric street railway are now in operation, A large number of sawmills are located either in Tacoma or near by, one of them being the largest in the Northwest with a capacity of some 400,000 feet per day. A large number of manufacturing institutions are located in Tacoma, and vast quantities of grain are brought by the Northern Pacific Railroad to the city and shipped therefrom to San Francisco and to foreign ports. The Tacoma smelter is located here and has a capacity of some 500 tons of ore per day. The Hotel Tacoma is finely located and is very attractive. The Tacoma Theater is a splendid building and seats 1,200 persons. Trans-Pacific steamers of the Northern Pacific Railroad Company sail from this port for Hongkong and Yokohama. Mount Rainier, whose altitude is 14,444 f'^^t, is plainly seen from this point and presents a most beautiful picture. The passengers having all left the steamer, her movements are not of especial interest, but we will follow her in her route in order that her movements may be known. She now returns, passing Seattle to !i : I! ' ii % s ii I !li I lil i EViiRLTT, say a distance of about fifty-four miles, at which port she discharges her freigiit and receives any outward freight. Everett is comparatively a new town. It has been made prominent by large amounts of money expended by Rockefeller and his associates. At this point was built the whaleback steamer known as the City of Everett recently l?unched. There is also located here a smelting and paper mill, nail factory and other manufacturing institutions. This city is on the line of the Great Northern Railway and is quite an enter- prising and progressive port, with a population of some 5,000. From Everett the steamer goes to ANACORTES, a distance of sixty-eight miles, '^'his city is the shipping point for large quantities of oats and is the terminus of the Seattle and Northern Railroad, and is located on Fidalgo Island. From Anacortes the steamer proceeds a distance of sixty-eight miles to VANCOUVER, B. C, which is situated upon Burrard's Inlet, an arm of the Gulf ot Georgia, eighty-three miles north of Victoria. This city has'a -r^ Pacific Coast Steamship Company. 29 n It has a head of irbor of termi- niles of mber of of them of some icturing ities of the city ports, of some 3 finely iter is a s-Pacific iny sail Rainier, oint and ving all rest, but ivements port she freight, n made eke feller laleback 'unched. lill, nail ity is on m enter- ic 5,000. ng point : Seattle Island. :ty-eight Gulf ot ty has 'a population of about 15,000. It is quite a fine harbor, with extensive port facilities. It is the western terminus of the Canadian Pacific Railway and portof departure of the Canadian Pacific Railway Company's steamers for Japan, China and Australia. There is also a regular steamer service between Vancouver and Victoria, as well as between Vancouver and other local points in British Columbia and around Puget Sound. The business interests of this city are varied — lumber and fishing being the most important. The surrounding country is adapted to the growth of grains, fruits and vegetables. It has large salmon canneries, good hotels, public halls, opera house, etc. Having discharged her inward fre'T^ht and received her outward freight, the steamer may be con. -.ered as having finished her inward voyage and now returns to Seattle for the purpose of receiving her passengers, after which she sails at 8 A. M. for Port Townsend and Victoria. She leaves the former place about 12 M. and Victoria about 8 p. m., sailing thence directly to San Francisco over the route we have followed her going north. PORTLAND (OREGON) ROUTE. The steamers sail from (Spear Street Wharf) San Francisco and from (Ainsworth Dock) Portland, Or., touching at Astoria en route every fifth day ; from San Francisco at 10 A. M., and usually at 8 p. m. from Portland. The time ordinarily occupied en route is from two to two and a half days. The usual first class fare is $15 ; second class, $7.50, including a berth and meals. Steamers employed on the route are usually the Columbia and State of California. The Columbia is an elegant iron vessel, on which was re- cently spent over $200,000, she having been supplied by the Union Iron Works with new engines, etc. She is elegantly fitted up, being supplied with electric lights and other modern improvements. Her registered tonnage is 2,722; length, 309 feet ; breadth, 38.5 feet ; depth, 14.4 feet ; carrying capacity, 2,500 tons ; speed, about fifteen knots. She has first and second class accommodations for a very large number of passengers. The iron steamer Stale of California is well and favorably known on this route, having been built especially for this serv- ice. She is a vessel of 2,266 tons register, three hundred feet long, thirty-eight feet six inches beam, twenty-four feet four inches deep. She has large passenger accommodations, both first and second class; has a speed of about fifteen knots, and carry- ing capacity of about 1,500 tons. This vessel is very steady at sea, having what are known as bilge keels, which prevent her rolling. 30 Pacific Coast Steamship Company. iili ■III iiii .'111 li When other steamers are needed on tliis route, either the steamer Queen., Oregon or George IV. Elder is used. Tlie Columbia River bar, which was formerly comparatively difficult and somewhat dangerous to cross, has within the last few years been improved wonderfully by the United States Government, by the jetty system similar to that used at the mouth of the Mississippi River, as well as at other ports on the Pacific Coast, notably Humboldt, Coos Bay, etc. While the water on the bar was formerly spread over into comparatively a thin sheet and the channel crooked and difficult to find, now the water is some thirty feet deep and the channel always fixed and straight, so that the entrance can now be considered as first class and equal in accessibility and safety to almost any port on the Pacific or Atlantic coasts, large vessels being able to cross at any state of the tide. Passengers traveling on this route have an opportunity of viewing the magnificent scenery along the Columbia and Willamette rivers between the entrance to the Columbia River and Portland. The Columbia is one of the finest rivers in the country, and is noted for its beauty and the grandeur of its scenery. ! 1 lit i'J !'! ■ ^iM ill I '[I :!M;i 4 I ' i.i:t ; ii, i : i ill PORTLAND is the metropolis of the Pacific Northwest. It is situated on the Willamette River, about twelve miles from its confluence with the Columbia, and no from the mouth of the Columbia River, and 650 miles from San Francisco. It has a population of 90,000. • The commerce of this port, passing out of the Columbia River in 1894, was in round figures $7,000,000, which is exclusive of products and merchandise shipped by rail during the same year, which amounted to $3,000,000. The registered tonnage in and out of the Columbia River in 1894 was 730 ves- sels, and 669,000 tons. This city is supplied by power by one of the largest electrical plants in the country, located at Oregon City, where it is operated by water-power from the Oregon Falls. The city is well lighted, has one of the finest water-works in the country, the water being brought from Mount Hood. Willamette River is spanned by several bridges between Portland and East Port- land. The public-school system is of the highest order. The city also possesses a first-class fire department. There are some 120 miles of street-car lines, most of which are operated by electrical power. The Hotel Portland, covering an entire block, is one of the finest hotels on the Pacific Coast. The chamber of commerce, city hall, union depot and other buildings, are fi'-st class in every respect. Pacific Coast Steamship Company. 31 her the iratively the last States at the )orts on Hiile the atively a nd, now lys fixed dered as lost any :ing able f on this scenery entrance is one of auty and nated on onfluence [Columbia Dpulation Z^olumbia which is il dnring egistered \ 730 ves- electrical lere it is le city is conn try, :tte River iast Port- ler. The are some srated by ne of the ommerce, t class in Connections are made at Portland with steamboat lines, rail- roads, etc, radiating in all directions. A trip up the Columbia River over the Oregon Railway & Navigation Company's line of steamers, returning either by river or rail, is perhaps one of the most interesting and enjoyable short trips in the country. ASTORIA is located ten miles from the mouth of the Columbia River, with a population of about 6,cx30. It has numerous and important manufacturing enterprises, embracing large salmon canneries, tanneries, lumber and saw mills, tin-can factories and other industries. It is practically the headquarters for the Columbia River Salmon Canning industry, which salmon has a world-wide reputation. All the ocean steamers call at Astoria. It is comparatively an old city, having been located origi- nally by John Jacob Astor in 1810 as a fur-trading station. The view from the hills back of the town is quite extended and interesting. EUREKA OR HUMBOLDT BAY ROUTE. The steel steamer Pomona^ ordinarily run on this route, is a vessel of 1,264 tons register, 225 feet long, 33 feet beam, carry- ing capacity about 1,000 tons, speed about 15 knots ; with large and elegant accommodations for first and second class passengers. This vessel was recently built by the Union Iron Works of San Francisco, and is supplied with electric lights and all the other modern improvements and conveniences. The steamer makes a round trip to Humboldt Bay every fourth day, leaving Broadway Wharf (Pier 9), San Francisco (north bound), at 2 P. M., arriving at Eureka the following morning. Returning, leaves Humboldt Bay, usually at higli tide, and reaches San Francisco the following morning. The steamer lands in Eureka at *he company's wharf, which is centrally located. The usual rate of fare is from $7.50 to $10.00 (according to the sleeping accommodations selected) for first-class passage, and $5.00 for second class, including a berth and meals. Rates of freight are various, depending upon the class of freight shipped. HUMBOLDT BAY. This bay is situated parallel with the coast line, immediately behind the low sand spits and dunes, between Table Bluff and Mad River. It extends four miles south and nine miles north of the entrance, rnd is of varying width, the average being about a mile. The water in the bay is comparatively shallow except in the regular channels. Ill' illf:' iihi; !ii! Hi ■Hi r" I ! !' • -'I 32 Pacific Coast Steamshifi Company. Of late years the United States Government has undertaken a system of jetty work at the entrance of this bay, which has resulted in great improvement in the depth of water on the bar and permanency in the course of the channel. Before these Government improvements were inaugurated, the bar and channel were constantly shifting, and the entrance was com- paratively dangerous, while, at the present writing, the entrance is as safe and accessible for vessels of reasonable size as the entrance to the bay of San Francisco. EUREKA. The city of Eureka is the county-seat of Humboldt County, and is located on a plain that slopes gently down to Humboldt Bay from the forest-clad foothills of the Coast Range. The northern arm of the bay forms the western and northern boundaries of the city, and the main navigable channel of the bay extends along the water front, separating the main- land from Indian Island in the bay. The site of the city was originally a dense forest of redwood, and, since its settlement in 1850, the limits of the town have been co-extensive with the clearings. The growth was slow but substantial, and now, with a corporate area of five and one-half square miles, the city contains a population of about 10,000. The streets are regular, extending back from the water front on two sides. The slope is just sufficient to facilitate drainage. Eureka has a well established system of electric lighting for her sticets, and an excellent water system, with abundance of water brought from the Elk River, five miles distant. The city enjoys the advantages of an excellent system of public schools, ably managed, and these are supplemented by private institutions of learning that have obtained recognition both at home and abroad. The water front ever presents a lively scene. Steam and sail- ing vessels and unrigged barges are always seen arriving or departing. The commercial interests of the port center around the Eureka wharves. The shipping industry has been the most carefully developed of any, except, perhaps, that of lumber manufacturing ; and it is stated positively that no other city in America owns so large a proportion of the vessels that trade at the port on which the city is located. The city is largely dependent on the lumber industry, though but seven mills are within the city limits. But the thirty or forty lumber and shingle mills in the county are principally controlled by resi- dents of Eureka. And the activity that they bring about, the profits they return and the commerce they promote all con- tribute to the prosperity of the thriving metropolis of the northern coast. T hting for idance of >ystem of lented by cogtii<:ion 1 and sail- rriving or ;er around 1 the most >f lumber ler city in it trade at is largely mills are mber and :d by resi- about, the e all con- lis of the Pacific Coast Steamship Company 33 lertaken liich has the bar re these )ar and as corn- entrance e as the County, umboldt :e. The northern annel of le main- city was ittlement iive with and now, liles, the :reets are wo sides. A railroad twenty-six miles in length connects Eureka with the Eel River Valley. There are several short railroads ter- minating on the bay. Stage lines are run to the various settle- ments in the mountains. The custom house for the port is located in Eureka, also the land office for the Humboldt district, and a regular weather station for observations. The city has free mail delivery. A daily mail service is maintained between the city and San Francisco overland. There is also daily and semi-daily mail service between Eureka and the principal interior towns of the county. The city hall is one of the finest in Cali- fornia, and, considering the size of the city, perhaps one of the finest in the United States. The outlying agricultural districts produce large quantities of potatoes and cereals. The Eel River Valley is devoted principally to the dairying business. Most of the butter produced in the county is made at the various cream- eries. The value of the exports (principally lumber) is very great. The county is located in a belt that is always free from drought, but is never subject to the excessive rainfall of some of the coast counties farther north. On the whole this section of the State presents many inducements to parties seeking a home in Northern California. Hit' p. C. 8. S. CO. STEAMER " SANTA ROSA." Ili^nll r P. C. S. S. CO. STEAMER "pOMONA ' Pacific Coast Strauis/iip Company, 35 ROUTES SOUTH OF SAN FRANCISCO. -^-^W' San Francisco-San Diego Route. The steamers usually etuployed on this route are two in number, namely, the Santa Rosa and Corona. The Santa Rosa is a large iron vessel with a carryinj>^ capacity of about 2,500 tons, elegantly fitted up with electric lights and all modern improvements. The Corona is a steel vessel, while not quite as large as the Santa Rosa, has electric lights and all the other conveniences. They are both very popular ships with the traveling public. One of these vessels sails from Broadway Wharf (Pier 11), San Francisco, every fourth day at 1 1 A. M., proceeding past the objects of interest in .San Francisco Bay, as described under head of Puget Sound Route, but passing nearer Fort Point and out through the South Channel, down past the ClifF House, .Seal Rocks, Pillar Point, Pigeon Point, Monterey Bay, reaching, on the following morning, before daylight, as a rule, PORT HARFORD, situated on San Luis Obispo Bay, about 200 miles from San Francisco. Large quantities of freight are usually discharged here as this is the northern terminus and shipping point of the Pacific Coast Railway, and of San Luis Obispo City, County, and northern part of Santa Barbara County. F'urther and full description of this section will be found under its appropriate head. By about breakfast time freight has been discharged, passengers have arrived from San Luis Obispo, and steamer proceeds south past tlie Highlands of Point Sal, Point Arguello, finally rounding Point Conception and entering the beautiful harbor of SANTA BARBARA, the vessel usually arriving here about 3 p. m. Sufficient time is occupied in discharging freight for passengers to take a run up town. The fame of this city as a sanitarium and winter resort is almost world wide. It is situated 275 miles .south from San Francisco, and is completely protected on the north by the mountains. The climate is beautiful, equable and mild, the mean temperature for the summer being about seveu^y degrees, and for the winter about fifty-four degrees, while the variations are very slight. The air is not only warm but remarkably dry, and the days are nearly always brilliant, bright and sunny. The town has grown out ot an old Spanish Mission, which was founded in 1780, and which gathered around it the native culti- vators of the adjacent land. The society of the place is unexcep- tionally pleasant and refined. The new or American part of 36 Pacific Coast Steamship Company. the town and the suburbs :»re handsomely built, vines rtf every sort flourish luxuriantly. Horseback-riding, surf-bathing and driving among the canons are the principal recreations. There are several hotels, the best known being the Arlington. The city has numerous beautiful gardens and orchards within its limits and in the vicinity. This city is more of a resort c.nd sanitarium than a business center although considerable business in lumber, fruits, etc., is done here. Santa Barbira Mission is an interesting old building and makes a beautiful picture, forming a favorite subject for sketch- ing and photography. Santa Barbara is protected by the islands to the westward, so that the Santa Barbara Channel is usually very smooth and the climate extremely mild. The city has two banks, a college, good public schools, several daily papers, excellent water, etc. State Street, the principal street in the city, is a wide, elegant avenue, paved with bituminous rock for a distance of two or three miles, which makes an excellent driveway, and is on the whole one of the finest streetsin the country. Havingdone Santa Barbaia, the steamer will leave here about 6 p. M. for j { PORT LOS ANGELES, distant from Santa Barbara sixty-three miles. This placj is frequently known as Santa Monica. It lias the distinction of possessing the longest and most expensive wharf in the world, built, owned and operated by the Southern Pacific Company. An examination of the wharf is interesting. It is said to have cost over $1,000,000. Usually several vessels, colliers and others, are lying or discharging here. The coal-bunkers pre nearly at the end of the wharf. The steamer arrive.-; at this port early in the morning and di.scharges freight for Santa Monica, Los Angeles and interior points, passing over the Southern Pacific Railroad. Passengers who hold tickets over said road for Los Angeles and other points disembark here. The steamer leaves here about 6 A. m. for REDONDO, the next port of call. This place is about an hour's run from Port Los Angeles, being distint therefrom about thirteen miles. The steamer lies here several hours, discharging freight des- tined for Los Angeles, etc., o/er the Redondo Rai.way or the Santa V& Railway. Passeng'.-rs holding tickets via Redondo disembark here. Hotel Redondo will be v.-on 1 an examination, as it is a new, fine and elegant structure in every respect ; the grounds are also elegantly kept. By 11 A. m. the steamer has discharged her cargo, passengers going south have arrived, and the vessel departs for 120 >->f ever^"- hing and There on. The vithin its esort und e business ding and 5r sketch - by the hannel is Id. The /eral daily pal street ituminous niakes an the finest le steamer s placj is tinction of the world, Company, lid to have lliers and inkers ?re ives at this for Santa J over the ickets over bark here. s run from teen miles, "reight des- .way or the ia Redondo :amination, espect ; the teamer has irrived, and u o z < CO O ■ill I w illl iff,', "''' !il. r 1 'I Ua i II III I 'II ■ I'm h I .' 38 Pacific Coast Steamship Ccmpany. SAN DIEGO, where she arrives the same evening (say about 7 o'clock), at the company's wharf. San Diego is about one hundred and five miles from Redondo. This is another of the renowned health resorts of the world, and has a population of about 16,000. It is located on one of the prettiest and best harbors on the Pacific Coast, and is the western terminus of the Atchison, Topeka & Santa Fe System. This town is more than one hundred years old. Its growth during the last few years has been phe- nomenal. It has some very pretty residences and a fine system of electric street railway, splendid watf r v '^' kv and in fact all the appliances and appurtenances tha, ':o a progi^'ssive ard attractive first-class city. The climate of San Diego in remarkably equable and salu- brious, the thermometer seldom rising to eighty degrees or sink- ing to the freezing point, the usual mean being sixty-two degrees, the winter days being as sunny and inviting as the summer days in the Eastern States, and an outdoor life is possible to all save the feeblest invalids. There are numerous points of interest in the vicinity of San Diego which might be mentioned — Sweet Water Bay, San Diego Mission, La Jolla Cave, the Mussel Beds and Point Loma Lighthouse. Immediately opposite San Diego and connected with it by a ferry sj'stem is the celebrated Hotel Coronado whicli is one of the largest and finest hotels in the world. This hotel i.s situated directly on the edge of the beach, overlooking > ocean. Architecturally it is of a mixed character, par* :c:n ,< of the Queen Anne style and also having much ♦^hat i.s le. i!" r 'o the Elizabethan age. The whole covers more than !.«_•. r m one- half acres and is built round a quadrangular court 2,', ■">'• 150 feet which is a garden containing a great variety f or;. -mental shrubs and fruit trees, and where at night, when ilhr.iiinated with electric lights, and with the fountain playing amid the music from the orchestra, the scene resembles fairyland. Like San Diego, Coronado is possessed of the mos equable temperature. Taken all in all it is one of the most ';. ' ming and delightful places for the tourists or others to tarry. San Diego is the end of the steamer's route .-i . then returns over the same lines stopping at the same place;:, i -' ' '^r freight and passengers as per the company's regular foic! ' , which can be obtained at all hotels and agencies, PORT HARFORD \ lA ' "iH PACIFIC COAST RAILWAY TO SAN LUIS OBISPO, ARI OYO GK/ ■; £, SfNTA MARIA, ETC., TO LOS OLiVOS, THENCE V)A STAGE TO SANTA BARBARA. The Pacific Coast Rail-A^ay extends from Port Harford, on the bay of San Luis Obispo, northeast to the city of San Luis Obispo, tlieuce southeast to Los Olivos, a distance of seventy-six miles. c), at the and five health ,000. It le Pacific Topeka hundred een phe- le system fact all ogiossive and salu- s or sink- sixty- two ig as the 3or life is numerous might be La Jolla th it by a is one of ■s situated I'O ocean, rr if the r-r \o the rul one- '. '^^- 150 '•" mental b-.uinated amid the 1 onuable harming n returns 9f freight hiv.h can TO SAN ;tc., ^ s EC O = a. J d, on the > Obispo, ix miles. 40 Pacific Coast Steamship Covipany. Between Port Harford and San Luis Obispo, a fertile valley extends on either side, principally devoted to bean culture and to orchards. The apples raised in this valley, as well as those of the Arroyo Grande, are remarkable for their keeping qualities, being equal in this respect to Eastern varieties, and this in a much milder climate. San Luis Obispo is the county-seat of the county of the same name and is an old settlement, the Mission dating back to 1772. The town has a handsome hotel, the Ramona, foux banks, a public library, elegant club-rocr.is, good schools, including a high school, churches of various denominations, electric lights, street cars, etc. It is beautifully situated in a valley surrounded almost entirely by mountains, the principal peaks being San I/.-.is and Bishop's, the latter named from a supposed resem- blance of the upper part to a bishop's miter. From San Luis Peak a beautiful view of the surrounding country can be had, the ocean at Morro being discernible at a distance of twelve miles. South of San Luis Obispo the valleys are wider and equally fertile, the first being Steele's or Corral de Piedra Valley, termi- nating in Arroyo Grande Valley farther down. The latter is so well known as to need but passing notice It is famous the world over for its large vegetables, its fine fruits, and its beans. Fruit-growers in this valley hold many prizes from Fastern seedsmen for the largest and finest varieties of fruit pro- ouced from any seed or tree. The yield of root crops is enor- mous, and a single acre of onions has produced $900 net return. South of Arroyo Grande is Los Berros, a thriving settlement in a continuation of Arroyo Grande Valley, and still farther south is NipomOy a town of some three hundred people. This settlement was first started by a New England .sea-captain, and his numerous descendants still own the larger portion of the land. Beyond Nipomo the Santa Maria River is reached, dividing the counties of San Luis Obispo and Santa Barbara, and just beyond is the town and future Q\\.y oi Santa Maria, wliich from nothing has grown in a few years to a town of some two thou- sand people, whose energy insures its further rapid growth. It also has fine schools, hotels and churches, the high school building being one of the finest in the country. The .soil at Santa Maria is warm and sandy, and is particularly weK adapted to fruit, sugar-beet culture and nuts. It is only within the past few years that attention has been given to fruit, but already a cannery has been built, and large quantities of fruit are dried. Some of the finest apricots and prunes in the State are raised near and in Santa Maria. Farther up the valley lemons do exceedingly well, and in fact it will be many years before the capabilities of this valley will have been thoroughly tested. I Pacific Coast Steamship Company. 41 South of Santa Maria the country is not so well developed as north, having been opened to transportation only within the past few years. Originally a large cattle ranch, it is beginning to show numerous signs of division of holdings, and there are many orchards, both of fruit and nut trees, which will shortly produce largely. The towns of Los Alamos and I^os Olivos are also growing steadily, both having good hotels, schools, churches, etc. L^^ Olivos^ as its name indicates, is the center of the olive industry of northern Santa Barbara County, and this is the coming source of wealth for the whole district thereabout. Already a number of fine orchards are in bearing and yielding good returns. 1 hough the growth of the olive is slow, its long life, the small amount of care necessary, the value of the crop, and the ease with which it is marketed, recommend it to all who can wait a few years for returns. Fortunately the growers of olives about Los Olivos have a pride in their product, and it is making a name throughout the State as ■is-ell as in the East. The demand for the Los Olivos and Santa Ynez olive is far in ei.ness of the supply, while the oil from the same section is sold lon^ in advance of its production. Four miles beyond Los Olivos is the town of Santa Ynez^ in a charming location, and especially attractive to tourists and others by reason of its ok' Mission, its trout streams, and other sources of amusement atid relaxation. This section abounds in beautiful natural objects, including the Nojoqui Falls, where a clear spring flows several hundred feet down th" face of a rocky precipice, and Zaca Lake, which is a clear, almost bot- tomless sheet of water at the summit of one of the mountains of the Coast Range. Both Santa Ynez and Los Olivos have excellent hotels, d. College Hotel at the former place being a beautiful structure, architecturally and otherwise. The towns are connected by a daily stage line, which is part of the through line operated by the Santa Barbara & Los Olivos Stage Company between Los Olivos and Santa Barbara, a distance of forty -five miles, through the San Marcos Pass. This trip, through beautiful scenery, has proven especially popular with tourists, who enjoy the novelty of staging. In fact all travelers welcome the relief from the confinement of railway trips and the opportunity of securing a new experience. A stop is made for lunch at Cold Spring both ways, and con- nection is made at Santa Barbara with the Southern Pacific Company's afternoon train for Los Angeles. The office of this company in Santa Barbara is No. 514 State Street. Visitors in Southern California will find the s^aq-e trip from Santa Barbara to Los Olivos, thence to San Luis Obispo by the Pacific Coast Railway, and to Paso Robles Hot Springs, Mon- 42 Pacific Coast Steamship Company. terey, Santa Cruz and San Francisco by the Southern Pacific Company, very pleasant, as it enables them to see the entire route by daylight, besides avoiding the heat and dust of the San Joaquin Valley. A stop may be made at San Luis Obispo, where many pleas- ant side trips may be taken, particularly to the Sycamore Hot Sulphur Springs, which have proved efficacious to an extraor- dinary degree in nervous and rheumatic disorders. A model dairy is also located near San Luis Obispo, and there is a magnif- icent ocean beach, on which an eighteen-mile drive can be taken. A profitable day can also be spent at the Rock Mines, near San Luis Obispo, from which bituminous paving material is taken. Tourists can also stop at any point between San Luis Obispo and San Francisco, which will give an opportunity of visiting Paso Robles, Monterey, Santa Cruz and San Jose. Or they can take the steamer at Port Harford, ten miles from San Luis Obispo, for all coast ports. For further information regarding this route or section, apply to PACIFIC COAST RAILWAY, San Li'iis Obispo, California. SAN FRANCISCO-NEWPORT ROUTE. The steamers running on this, sometimes called the Narrow Gauge Route, stop at the following places : Santa Cruz, Mon- terey, San Simeon, Cayucos, Port Harford, Gaviota, Santa Bar- bara, Carpenteria, Ventura, Hueneme, San Pedro, East San Pedro and Newport. Freight and passengers are carried to and taken from each and all of these ports. The steamers leave Broadway Wharf (Pier ii), San Francisco, south bound, at 9 A. M. ; the Eureka and St. Paul performing cMe service, generally speaking. These vessels, while smaller than those on the San Diego route, are very comfortable, and, on account of their calling at such a large number of places, a great many people prefer traveling on them, as they get a view of the entire coast from one end of the route to the other. As a rule they carry but little if any freight to Santa Cruz or Monterey, calling there principally with passengers, landing at SANTA CRUZ at the railroad company's wharf, in Monterey at the Pacific Coast Steamship Company's wharf. We will refer briefly to these places as we proceed on the route. Santa Cruz is a celebrated watering place and resort for the residents of San Francisco, San Jose, etc., and a great many easteri people also make frequent and lengthy stays at this place. It is charming in summer, is Pacific Coast Steamship Company. 43 a city of about six thousand inhabitants, does a flourishing business in lumber and manufactures of various kinds. There are several points of interest in the vicinity of Santa Cruz, viz.: the big trees, the lighthouse, Soquel, Capitola, the powder mill, and fine drives into the mountains, etc. There are numerous hotels here, splendid sea-bathing and everything necessary for a first-class summer resort. Santa Cruz is situated seventy miles south of San Francisco. IS MOSS LANDING, is located on the Bay of Monterey about midway between Santa Cruz and Monterey. It is the shipping point for the Salinas Valley. Very large and commodious warehouses are here located. The Pajaro Valley Railroad connects here for Watson ville and Salinas City. At Watsonville is located a large beet-sugar factory — the beets being raised in the Pajaro and Salinas valleys. The regular southern coast passenger steamers do not, as a rule, call here, this point being served by freight steamers and tlie steamer Coos Bay., which plies between San Francisco, Monterey and way ports. From Santa Cruz to MONTEREY is about twenty-two miles. Both places are situated on Mon- terey Bay. This is one of the oldest towns in California, being the original capital thereof. It was here, July 7, 1846, that the authority of the United States was first established. The population of Monterey is about 2,500. In close proximity to Monterey is located the celebrated Hotel Del Monte, which is a fashionable resort and is probably uuequaled on the Pacific Coast. The hotel is elegant in every respect and the grounds are laid out in artistic style, kept up to the highest standard, in fact it is doubtful if taken all in all this hotel and its surroundings can be equaled in the United States. Pacific Grove is some two miles from Monterey. It is the headquarters for Methodist camp-meetings, Chautauqua Society and other similar institutions. There are many objects of interest in and around Monterey which may be mentioned: Carmel Mission, Monterey Groves, Moss Beach, Cypress Point, etc. SAN SIMEON is distant seventy-eight miles from Monterey and one hundred and fifty-nine miles from San Francisco. This is the shipping point for the Hearst Ranch and the town of Cambria near by. Formerly a good deal of cinnabar was shipped from here, but the mines have not been worked of late years. Butter and dairy products are shipped from this point. The wharf and adjacent 44 Pacific Coast Steamship Company property, including the Hearst Ranch, is owned by the Hearst Estate, on which are many blooded horses and fine cattle. Twenty-one miles from San Simeon and one hundred and eighty-two miles from San Francisco and we reach CAYUCOS. Like San Simeon, the country back of Cayucos is devoted principally to dairying. Large quantities of butter, cheese and other like products are shipped from this landing. James Cass & Company are the owners of the wharf, agents of the steamship company at this point, and the principal merchants of the city. The dairying business is carried on largely by the Swiss, who, on account oi their thrifty and economical habits, have made quite a success of the business. Five miles south of Cayucos we pass the entrance to Morro Bay. The great Morro rock will be seen standing prominently at the mouth of the entrance. Steamers do not visit this bay on account of the shallow water and the dangerous entrance. We pass Point Bouchon eight miles below Morro. The next prom- inent point is Point San Luis, around which is the entrance to San Luis Bay, which is referred to in the San Francisco-San Diego Route. The slcamer makes a short stay here and then proceeds to Gaviota. LOMPOC LANDING, about 225 miles from San Francisco, is the shipping point for the town of Lompoc and the surrounding country. It is a very rich agricultural section, and exports largely the products of the soil. The passenger steamers do not call here, however, as the water at the wharf is comparatively shallow and the sea is apt to be rough, but numerous freight steamers call here, going north and south. GAVIOTA is two hundred and forty-nine miles from San PVancisco. This is one of the oldest landings on the coast. There is almost always smooth water at the wharf, on account of the protection afforded by the kelp which forms along the coast a short distance from shore. This was formerly the shipping point for the Los Olivos Country, but .since the completion of the Pacific Coast Railway from San Luis Obispo to Los Olivos little business is transacted via Gaviota, the Gaviota Pa.ss being a serious obstacle to the economical hauling of freight, on account of the heavy grade and bad road. Twenty-one miles from Gaviota is GOLETA, where the steamer occasionally lands, but not always. It is the shipping point for the country north of Santa Barbara. The principal shipments are fruits, nuts, cereals and asphaltum. The next point we stop at is Pacific Coast Sleaviship Company 45 evoted se and Cass & amsliip e city, who, made SANTA BARBARA, which place is described under the head of San Francisco-San Diego Route. Six miles south of Santa Barbara is CARPENTERIA, where the steamer occasionally stops. It is the shipping point for Carpenteria Valley, which is extremely rich, and raises large quantities of nuts, fruits, beans, etc. Fifteen miles far- ther south we reach VENTURA, about three hundred miles from San Francisco. This is a town of about 2,500 population, and is the shipping point for the Santa Clara Valley (north of the river). In this valley are raised large quantities of beans, wheat, barley and other cereals, dairy products, also livestock, asphaltum and crude petroleum. Ventura is a thrifty place, most of the inhabitants being comparatively "well to do." The place is advantageously located, excepting the harbor is at times a little rough, it being an open roadstead. It is very seldom, however, that the steamer is unable to land. HUENEME is a little over three hundred miles from San Francisco. This is the shipping point for the vSanta Clara Valley (south of the river), which produces large quantities of beans and cereals. There are probably more farm prouucts shipped from this landing than from any other grain section south of San Luis. Passenger steamers call at this port south bound only. It is an open roadstead, and is sometimes too rough to land there. SAN PEDRO AND EAST SAN PEDRO are about 360 miles from San Francisco. San Pedro proper is an open roadstead, but the Wilmington Creek empties tlierein which has been improved by training walls built by the Gov- ernment, and vessels of from eighteen to nineteen feet draught can now enter over the bar and discharge direct onto the wharf. The town of San Pedro is situated on the north side of the inner harbor, and East San Pedro is on the south side. In early days this creek was navigable only by very light-draught vessels. The roadstead of San Pedro was formerly the only port where freight and passengers were landed for Los Angeles and other interior points, and as all the large vessels coming from foreign ports with coal anchored here it was quite a lively port. Since the establishment of ports at Redondo and Port Los Angeles, however, some of the commerce has been diverted from San Pedro. The Southern Pacific Railroad runs between San Pedro and Los Angeles, connecting with their .system in that city, 46 Pacific Coast Steamship Compa: y. while the Los Angeles Terminal Railway has a road from East San Pedro to Los Angeles, connecting there with the different branches of that road. Excursion steamers to Avalon^ the great resort at Catalina Island^ run from San Pedro. NEWPORT is about 380 miles from San Francisco, and is the terminus of the San Francisco and Newport route. The Santa Ana & Newport Railway connects this port with Santa Ana and to all points in Southern California via the Southern California Railway. While this is an open roadstead, it is always smooth here, as the wharf is built at the head of a subterranean valley, and wherever there are subterranean valleys coming close to the seacoast there is no undertow. Therefore, Newport is safe at all times. There is .^n immense tiaffic at this port in lumber, oranges and other Southern California products. LOS ANGELES, which is about twenty miles from the seaboard, has the advan- tage of five shipping points on the seacoast, namely, Port Los Angeles, Redondo, San Pedro, East San Pedro and Newport. Los Angeles is the metropolis of Southern California, with a population of fifty thousand. It is a beautiful city, with many handsome residences. It has a very fine climate, and is located in the orange district of Southern California. It is growing rapidly. The question of fuel in Los Angeles has always been rather a perplexing one, but the discovery of oil within the city limits has placed this city in a better position for fuel than probably any city on the Pacific Coast. They have numerous oil wells, and are continually sinking new ones. The flow ot oil now is so great that they are seeking a market for it outside of their own city. The public is so familiar with the beauties of Southern California that we shall not enlarge upon them here. SAN FRANCISCO AND MEXICAN ROUTE. The steamers Orizaba and Coos Bay run on this route, under contract with the Mexican Government for the carrying of monthly mails. The Orizaba is an iron vessel of 960 tons register, 205 feet long and 34 feet wide. She has large and elegant accommodations for first and second class passengers. She makes one trip a month, leaving Broadway Wharf (Pier 1 1), ^"xa Francisco, at 10 A. m. on the twenty-fifth of each month. The Coos Day sails the tenth of each month. They go from San Francisco direct to the port of ENSENADA, LOWER CALIFORNIA, a distance of about 496 miles. This is a fair anchorage, it being a miniature of Monterey Bay in California, Ensenada Pacific Coast Steamship Company. 47 [n East fferent |e great of the wport points ilway. |ere, as y, and to the afe at nnber, situated as Santa Cruz, and Piienta Randa as Monterey. En- senada is a port of entry and the capital of the northern district of the territory of Lower California. Here lives the Governor and all the judicial and military officials. It is also the headquarters of the International Company that was, now called the Mexican Land and Colonization Company, represented by Mr. W. W. Bruce, who is also the nianaj^er of the Lower Cal- ifornia Development Company of San Quintiu. The lower district is larj>;ely devoted to aj^ri culture, horticulture and mining. They have produced this year 1,500 tons of wheat, a large amount of wine grapes, and tlie mines have been unusu- ally productive, mostly of gold. The port has a wharf on which the steamer lands passengers and freight. MAGDALENA BAY, About 1,017 miles from San Francisco direct and 530 miles from Ensen.ada, though not a port of entry, is, by special per- mission of the Mexican (Government, the next landing place of the steamer, when sufficient inducement is offered. The bay is of large dimensions, has no bar and is accessible in all weather. The business of the bay is limited to the operations of the Flores Hale Company in orchilla. Large quantities of this substance are gathered on the seashore in the vicinity of the bay, pressed and shipped to Liverpool, and used for the purpose of dying sealskins, etc. There is a coast custom hou.se section estab- lised at this place. One hundred and eighty-three miles fro'^ here, and sixteen miles northeast of Cape San Lucas, we c .• to the anchorage of SAN JOSE DEL CABO, 1,200 miles from San Trancisco, which is the shipping point for the lower portion of the peninsula. There is also a coast custom hou.se section established here. Sugar, cotton, fruit and tanbark are shipped from here. The roadstead is unsafe and the vessel in stormy weather n . m go to sea. One hun- dred and eighty-two miles from hert, a.d 1,383 miles from San Francisco direct, is MAZATLAN. a mere roadstead, and not safe during the southern storms. It is a port of entry of the first class, and the city is the commer- cial center of the Mexican coast. The merchants of this city control to a great extent the trade of the whole coast. Its exports consist mainly of the products of the mines situated in the interior of the State of Sinaloa, and of Durango. Supplies for these mines are imported from Europe by sailing vessels, and from the United States by steamers. Mazatlan has seven- teen thousand inhabitants. There is, however, a large shift- ing population, and in certain seasons of the year it does not 48 Pacific Coast Steamship Company exceed ten thousand. The rainy season, or sumiaer, is very hot and lasts from July to the middle of October. Vxo\\\ October to June the climate is exceedingly pleasant and healthful at all times. Our next port of call is LA PAZ. distant from Mazatlan 250 miles, and 1,330 miles from San Francisco. This is the capital of the southern district of Lower California, and the residence of the Ciovernor and Government officials. It is a port of entry, and trades principally with the mines of the Company del Progresso, in the town of Triunfo, forty miles from La Paz. The population is 3,000. The city is picturesque on the approach from the sea. The climate is exceedingly pleasant all the year round. The exports are chiefly the products of the Progresso Mine, and hides, and the imports consist of supplies for this mine. From La Paz our route follows the coast northward, through the channel of San Jose Lsland, pass Carmen Island, and to SANTA ROSALIA in Lower California, our next port of call, 227 miles from La Paz. This is an exposed roadstead, but is the shipping point for the mines belonging to the Company Du Boleo, a French company which exports large quantises of copper to Europe. This company draws large supplies from the United States, and employs some 6,000 laborers. The custom house at this port is of the third class. The whole district is the property of the Company ; it has absolute control therein, and enjoys many privileges from the Mexican Government. From here the vessel proceeds eighty-seven miles northeastward to GUAYMAS, fifteen hundred and twenty miles from San Francisco, which is our last port of call outward bound. It is the commercial cen- ter and only port of entry of the State of Sonora and the terminus of the Sonora Railroad. Here there is telegraphic communica- tion with all the world both by Mexican Government and the railroad telegraph lines. The population of Guaymas is about five thousand. It draws large supplies from the United States by rail and steamer and has the trade of the many mines of the State. These mines have been highly productive in lead, gold and silver. Thousands of square miles of coal fields are yet undeveloped. The agricultural interests of the State are consid- erable. Large quantities of grain are produced in the valleys of the Ures and Magdalena. The beautiful valley of the Yaque has iiumberless acres of fertile land. The climate is hot during the summer months, but very pleasant during the winter season. i Pacific Coast Stcamsliif) Conifxuiy. 49 > I The products are mostly consumed in the gulf ports of Mexico and form the bulk of the exports. Returning;;, our first port of call is La Paz ; here we exchans;e mails, take and land passen- gers and freight, and leave as soon as possible for ALTATA, the seaport of the City of Culiacan, capital of the vState of Sina- loa, 155 miles distant from La Paz. Altata is the outlet for a large agricultural and mining country. The entrance to the bay is over a bar, but, once inside, the harbor is safe and com- modious. The interior produces large quantities of gold and silver and lead ore. The Novelata sugar plantation is within twenty-five miles of this harbor. The export of ores and sugar, together with brazil wood, form the trade of this port. It is a port of entry of the sixth order. The climate is healthy and similar to that of ^Lizatlan. At Culiacan the Governor of of the State resides. Tl' city is beautifully situated and has many fine substantial buildings. Here is also located a mint. The unusual productiveness of the mines now in operation and the vast extent of mining lands yet unexplored offer great inducements to prospectors. From Altata we proceed to Mazat- lan distant 121 miles ; here we usually spend a day, change mails and passengers and receive cargo. Thence we go to San Jose del Cabo and to Magdalena Bay where we change mail and land provisions for the orchilla laborers and the custom house officials. We then proceed to Ensenada and thence to San Francisco over the route already outlined. i I I •^ S ^ 1 * r-?i--*' - 1 ^ 5 ^ ^-iii^.,.,^^^'\ **^ 5B i S| = » 1; 1 » 1 5 ! i 5 a F|l 1 S i ' ^ H nH i J «= ' * ; ■ 3 S 1 1 5 1 i !> S S 5 ■= = 5 ^^ Q H ^ r = « » s 3 1 S S 6 8 E 8 £ « ? S 1 2 3 2 '^jl^A ^ O:; , Si - ^' ^ " s 1 5 r ■ S 5 3 « ? r n = 5 I i i •■'Cp Q , H ■'"-•'- = 3 S '■:• t J i ;?:-» -T S i s i /V pi' J 1 M" '■ * '^ i -i S J 5 3 S « J J S £ ,? = a i S 1 ^p/ ^ .\' -^l S r 3 1 : 'i V f E 5 S ? 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': S ^ S g 2 B 8 1 '^ : t j! : ; ; s a a i ii < ) V '^ ^ E S S 1 S i J* i i s 3 a 1 » i « !i » « « » i- 3 !• r » 1 = a i s - i i s i s s 3 s k s a s :; J 5 jjl?- 1 i .* r :■ = if 3 a ii B 5 5 { « 5 1 5 ? ? ; >"■. S I i . 1 1 1 S 1 5 ? " " r 1 1 B ; 5 j ii ■- 5 " t a i5 !i ! •; 1 : ;■ 1 3 5 5 s a i a 1 I a i i i 1 1 J s i 3 § ! 5 M J ! i H i . 1 » « s i I » s « i » 1 f' »|! ? ? ? ?■ 1 M 5 1 i i s J i ? ? !» i 1 3 1 i i 1 i s ? ? a |jai»£a,^t{tkS3|!!{^!iiMlilli"iM!'^'iMM§illMa! f it t a a s i ^ • 3 ^ s 1 3 > « ri 3 ^ < H a i h ij a 1 a i a a a a a ; a 1 1 1 1 1 i I ; 1 1 ''SMOKING^ 15 4' ic M P u ^|y v/|iy tu f- Xuv2 n X ■Fhh UJ 3r ]i i^IQ Z ^ ^ Mift. 2 xl^ e "I ■ kT _*- 1^- I u V a» ee •M « J3 " • - C « > > 3 .i '3 *M = s r-f ^ ^ .V X'.,, '■■■ ■ bo C !55 II ^-& 2 S a S X Cfi s a J3 « 5 § X 15 II u a J3 3 o •a S " 5 £ j2 « c^ a ^ •Jar: 3 " " :S S f!S a a a 9 9 9 2 i: S 1^; a: M / a a s M d B: (fl a § ft! to 4> 52 *3 tj e (d c o c O i| be L. II Q 2 as ■Ji CO s s s o :5 s I o ») 2 I S 'd D 5 3 *- -J Ji ^ 3 ** ^ m tc 5 2 1 1 s s a 2} « •' ^" •J " * . « 2 t:; S i; a s « X CO ass 8 88 U M (2 WORKS, POTRERO. OFFICE, 122 MARKET ST. Union Iron Works San Francisco, Cal., (J. S. A. tA a *3 o CA 4> 52 x: t/3 •a e C8 O e O THE BATTLESHIP "OREGON" <» £>:/ 1 3. b-rufsers 1 Charleston Monterey Fearless 1 1 San Francisco Collis Peru Olympic. Active Pomona 57 ffl o B 8 I U] Z < \n u a \n u 8 S 1 H O a Cm PATRONIZE HOME INDUSTRY Washburn & Moen Mfg. Go SAN FRANCISCO OFFICE 8 and lo Pine Street PACIFIC WORKS Bay and Powell Streets SAN FRANCISCO, CALIFORNIA, U. S. A. W I R E R P W I R E N A I L S PART OF OUB WIHE ROPt IXMIBIT AT THt WORLDS COLI/MHIAH iXPOSITION, 1803 P^IAKEFiS OK BARBED , . BALING . . COPPER . . INSULATED WOnCeSTEft, MASS. WIRE NAILS ROPE SPRINGS BALE TIE5 WORKS- WAUKEQAN. ILL.; SAN FRANCISCO, CAL. I FRANK L. BROWN. Pacific Coast Agent m « s «3 »- e Ih] fi> m (»> u 9f, u a ^ ^ w «* (M M « a. * <^^c^ ^ ¥ c ^ <^ i C9 , 1^ J3 b 1) ^ a k ^5 a Q v ^ 2 £?./ X C3 J3 a — i.^ •< ss % t/J 'x « a . « « be bo ^ U3 CA s a a •; A 3 9 Q O ■d ■o — M . « . oi 2 • -a "of ja D « m - " , 3 ber 1 doub e, 3 be ^H v: u o a A in b 0. 2; i-S ?;^g B. r y « X " X Ui 3-3 3 • 3 W -SI :> □ to a a 13 a :; * ?r[ S ■^. S c ? C c a o ?^;?s; S?SS X « /: r. X X a a a a a a 8 8 g 8 8 '2 K K K OJ K a Union Pfioto-tnoravino Co. S23 MARKET STREET, SAIM RRAIMCISCO. CAI_. Telephone Main S303. '^^mmss^'^^m I I' 1 ■■i or jc (V JC ar-JD -sr jr. -jr-JO iji^jc -v jr, -ir j«. ■v jf. •ir-jC rir JC -V^« 'ir^JC Tf^JC O^JC STiXJ'-W DCSIGNINQ. HALF TONCS. ZINC ETCHINGS. ^ ?^ ^ 6i MAP AND COLOR WORK A SPECIALTV. <5 .§: Q 5 m m 11 ?f- ■V. i-i-i I? f I ,.!. V t^' fT '1 H mil § p •) « ^ S S 3 * ! J3 I "S SS § § o a: * - ^ ^ -o — 1l « u f 5 £f - 3 E -* = r . g " • i '^ « 4/ — * a* ^^ OJ . PI in » 5 S i. T^ *1 O - '- o -r" -■ a s s s = Jo c c o 5 e o o a X :^ a a a o X XXX I; r1 iM 9C a Si i S a ^ r ~ ■". ^ ''. *s 5? o S ?i S S? i? r. t jr. ,. ? s e 5 ? ! « S *v< »s' ri^ f^' EC c a cr o •Ol CI ' CJ —i ai < in CJ C-J % a. Ul < bw- "3 > X — J3 r ^ •- = S; ■r X r * r / 1. ■^ X JJ i. ''■ ?r : & a Z "' 5 a w ~ 2 '' / «- If c (- c " ■" 5 ./ .- s *^ aai 0. X *- e tt T ^ — ^i: — .' ■ "C .^ _£ = t ; ?# U a ii ' = h i\ ^ *■ — •-^ r. — / / / / £• ? a 5 X X X i 2? r X r BAGGA(,E AND FREIGHT NOTICE. J THE PACIFIC TRANSFER CO. of Sail Francisco has the sole right to solicit baggage on all incoming trains and steamers, and to check baggage at hotels and residences for all outgoing trains and steamers. Travelers will thus AVOID TPIE RUSH at the Ferry, Steamer Landings and Railroad Stations when arriving at or departing from San Francisco. Freight and Baggage deiivered in San Francisco and Forwarded to ail parts of ti^e World and Taken on Storage at Low Rates. Established 187J. V^ ^"^^^ ^^t/^-^ fitf*^.' •^ /fl^i^i^ 20. , SUTTER^ Capit.il ^{50,000.00. Referring to the abiwe, ive can recom- mend the Pacific J rans/er Company of San Francisco fcr fair dealings and promptness in handling of baggage. Qoodali, Perkins & Co. 6.S "^ i K O o in 3 V O X fit *' ■0.E J5 <-» JU n ^ 11^ I 2 * I- u a u ft. £ i S " " „ ■•r •'^ C ^ J' - 3 1) SS Jl - X g U W "^ 08 o a „ — * a S 2 *{ " 2 £ 5; -5 « " 'X « X g a s a I 3 8 PS « 1 1 ^■2 S S •• 3 5 o2 EE E m Q z s V) a. * o 25 u X z •- Z It- o o o « 111 (0 u "S a u r. c */ ;»! ■« £ a — o j: o ^x =- ■= .. o o "^ u: if S. Si c it 1, •o 2 - ^ = '° s s » .2 < B " .2 o" c SS 4-1 u ^ & o — ■JTo .5 * r w •C l- n is« ■= n! C "H 5 « S s — i .£ w -r; I 2 ° O y ■ -- ^£§ ■.-, n i- 5 s £ -co < u - : O « •0 j^ s u « 22 • X C M GS 2 o £ u <£: f D is « C in it o 0« 2 c a •= n - it s - 2 o " 2 «' -O O J tla * i 5 5 »; S at •" tn a " a „ V. O 2 ° 4- o f» .S « o 3 U u U, lA a ■f^ !/; o . •o u s V- n a It •— 1 S « B s o f? j: ni ,^ •n a It s U rt 03 ■D CO u p ^ o - .J .- « TO •— J n a- — o •^ c ! o. X ■£ • ' o *- -. ■ "^ c ;; ■ I « — ? I »- 2 a. ( »^ I- w: : f >2 s = O B ■ * - i ^ ». 5 , — — « ^ fie « •5 ■= f c o a g c 5i „ - 3 a- to ._ o ft. i; C Hi - "^ e C c C O '- u S O •c o i; o X - 1/ ;». « .- « C U rt " '^ m Is ^ 0. ^ O O 1 ^ = Z ■ O u 4i §•5 - 4> tr. a o — o ■5 o u ft^ a CI. tn 3 .S 't; ** x .s 4/ -■ ~ •^ CS •C >. o •= o =-r -S3 C « "U ja c I' . -^ eo ?>. 0.5: Ji .E fc^ "^ •£ I* 1) S X s « c o ■5'f - «|.S Sf ^ .n E ^ SI'S u CCS - " ? 3 ^ :^ v'C •-ix - 5 " 4, £ « cB V « -f a . o c 5 ■r- S -• -5 i- ^ ? .H P - ■/■- 1^ ■- a o. . «-> « a 5 i 4( 9 u 3 - > ^•t d 1 ^ 5 m -c i. a i^ e K t/3 S ^ <> ft: «j ^ V. * V g e ? ^ , a () si t 2 I 3 " § ■= J;; !fl 2 S ») « en 2 s s a g 1 RUNf J Wh] ^ FROM i COAS -3 /J i USE O 1 vSTOP E j Park. i TING 1 1 YOUR i Sen ■^ DERSIG J IN St A "5 J Tour IS J A. n. cii 1 street -E Gko. R. I j| I'. 11 I'd i T. K. ST ■f Sail J' A n. swiNi J F. D C.n ■I A. TiNi.i: A I. A. Nai ^Iiiiitilllii.4illl illlii..iiltlii,.iilflit Dill illliiniilll lltiii.iillti ill ill illl lllii..iilllii.,iilllii..iilllii,,iilllu..iillln.ailll llh lllii..iillliii.iillliii.iilllnM>illl ill lIlii.dillliHiiill { Y^lloiostone I TO T \ , , _ 1 _ •'! I. RUNS— =i» .\<3^ o> Park a) 1 i i it"— ^ O^ ,^rv •f When vor rkturk 1 FROM THE PACIFIC j COAST, OR vouR : : \ I- ""-^, i USE OUR Road, and j stop en-routl-: at the 4 Park. It is a fit- i ting termination to ir "■'■■■'■ vV J YOUR TOUR. 4 Send any op the un- 1 DERSIGNED SIX CENTS H^l-- J IN Stamps for oi-r new «T MAMMOTH HOT SPRINGS I Tourist Book. WONDERLAND '96, and Read of this Rkmark- [ AHI.K RlX.ION. »■ i A. D. CiiAKi.TON, .\i') Ittiiailwi y. New York. J r. II l-'oLAKTY, (leu'l AKent, 210 So. Clark St.,'ciili.ago, 111. I T. K. STATFi.ER, (".eti'l AKent, Pnis'r Oept., 638 Mark.et St.. ■^ SBti Francisco, Cal. A tt. SwiNFOHi), Cencrnl Agent, Winnipeg, Man. V. D. ("iinus, ("•tnernl .Xgenl, Spokane, Wash. CHAS. S. FEE Genkrai, Tasskngkr AOENT « « a tt t A. TiNLiNC, Ocni Ak'iiI, Tus I'ncific Ave., Taconia Wash, • I. A. Nadbau, General Agent, Seattle, Wash, ■#|»"iH||li '.illl l||>'''"l||l>'"i||l'"'r||.i""l||l I i|||li-'ii|||i''ii|||ivni|||l>'iii||n'''ni||n'«i||iii-'il|||i".ii|||ii"(i||||i.i.i|||ii. ii|||riMii||| |||li"il||M"«(||l"VW ST. PAUL Minn. L CO Z o UJ Q o O o CL z o a: o colfi S ^ ^ if a ,r ^il a; 5 s- M V d U3 £S f" ?} '" 3 _• a •c 71 tc t. -ji ■r. 'J. B S S 8 as oj 5 J. F. LE Dist ROBER- Traf W G. McL Disti E. V. s> Uenc ^anadianIPj RADIAN JTACIFlll^LWAY. ^ Those desiring to go to Alaska ^ can find no better route than via the Canadian Pacific. In the summer months, when the Alaska trip is most attractive, the Canadian Pacific route is also the most attractive. There is no excessively warm weather, and the Glaciers can also be visited on that line. For rates, tickets and information apply to C. E. M'PHERSON, Asst. General Pas.senger Agent, I King St. East, Toronto, Ontario. H. J. COLVIN, District Passenger Agent, 197 Washington St., Boston, Mass. A. H. NOTMAN, District Passenger Agent, St. John, N. B. J. F. LEE, District Passeni;er Agent, 231 South Clark St., CtiiCACiO, II... ROBERT KERR, Traffic Manager, W. & V. Divisions, Winnipeg, Man. G. McL. BROWN, District Passenger Agent, Vancodver, B. C. E. V. SKINNER, General Eastern Agent, as.-} Broadway, Nrw York, N. Y. W. R. CALLAWAY, General Pas.senger Agent, Soo Line, Minneapolis, Minn. ARCHER BAKER, European Traffic .-Igent, 67 and 68 King William St., E. C. and 30 Cockspur St., S. W., London, Eng. 7 James St., Liverpool, Eng. C. SHEEHY, District Passenger Agent, II Fort St. W., Dbtroit, Mich. M. M. STERN, District Passenger Agent, Chronicle Bldg., 648 Market St., San Francisco, Cal. D. E. BROWN, General Agent China, Japan, etc., Hong Kono, China. C. E. E. USSHER, Asst. Geueral Passenger Agent, Montreal, Queuec. D. McNICOLL, Passenger Traffic Manager, MU.NTRRAL, yilKBRC. 7t '■ 1_ 5 . J ^ i ll 0) X O 3 S s 9 I I [ffi i i ■^4 o 'ilj m t N K Q LLlLi± 1 2| « . 3 w ■n -" ti «' -Trf a a o K u a. t, U i . II a « 2^ * D ^ CO tie t, i ^ -• S 5! 7! •' S "5 • . i =« s - ^' ^ ■^ c ?; s « X u ?f i^ 5 <■ - o <* p o a u at: u 3 M& j: 2 a 5r. 3 ^ a' .■sag " < «. •" If ^ o« " « '" 3 p> c o^ i/> a u o a g S V tfl •a a 3 oS"" ••;g:S 0.8 B <-I V a rt 41 Mw a K" 5 .a a a va u ? « ^ * ^ / B a a 5 ■a s I; rt I, ". uW^-a « S •o— °C'o ^ n *~ Otis *• oa! "go r», a- " a rt 1B.22 a O am 5 O S.2 5g 75 f §1 10 a 0. (0 9 a X Id a. CO g < -! •9 « a B II » r- ^ ,) P2icific 5tc2^rr) Wba^lipg Co. 30 CALIFORNIA STREET SAN FRANCISCO i f ^ WHALEBONE. The above picture shows crude whaleboue as received from the steaui whale shijjs owned h\ the Pacific vSteani Wlialiuj^ Company of San Francisco. After the bone is thoroujj^hly cleaned and dried it is cut into various forms for use in dresses, corsets and whips. The cele- brated "Orca" brand of dress bone is cut by the Pacific Steam Whalinj.j Compan\-, and is sold by all of the leading dr>- goods stores in the United States. This Company employs twelve vessels, and the various departments connected with the Company tV.rnish employment for one thousand men. During the past few years they have brought into the port of San I'rancisco nine-tenths of all the whaleboue u.sed in the I'nited .States and luirope. Manx attempts have been made to *'Md a substitute for whalebone, but up to the present time nothing reliable has been discovered. In fact, there is nothing like genuine whalebone. "t> ■7 -a » «• « « ^ :i (0 Uj o o ■ •- 111 III o 10 Q. « //