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Les exempiairee originaux dont la couverture en papier est imprimie sont filmto en commenpant par Ie premier plat at on terminant soit par la dernlAre page qui comporte une emprsinte d'impreesion ou d'illustratioI ERICA, BY JOHN BARREL McGANN, Esq., HEAb mASTER THE TOROxXTO SCHOOL FOR THE DEAF AND DUxMB. m'''' i sr r n 1 ol^«^ ^^ PRINTKD FOR Til K iC^t? '^i^J I Q R'. 1802. G r \ n ■■ ^iM .4^../-' / THE <• ^>t -'<','■ ' ' r* TRAVELS AND ADVENTURES or GEORGE SAMUEL CULL, (DEAF AND DUMB CR1PPI.E,) WRITTEN BY HIMSELF, ■wiTxi .A-isr i:isrTi=Lor3 croTionsr, ExmmTiNO THE STATE OF DEAF MUTE EDUCATION, &c., &c., IN EUROPE AND AMERICA, BY JOHN BARRETT McGANN, Esq., HEAD MASTER OF THE TORONTO SCHOOL FOR THE DEAF AND DUMB. » s:ovonto: PRINTED FOR THE AUTHOR 1862. ^. INTROD UCTION. i^. It is, indeed, a sad undervaluing of our Heavenly Father's choicest of earthly blessings — the faculties of hearing and of speech — when, whilst in the full possession of the ordinary fficulties of our nature, with every avenue, as it were, open to hold free converse with the soul, and elevate it in its noblest aspirations to be like unto Him — to lay hold of, and confide in, those precious promises sot forth in that blessed word " which maketh wise unto salvation'*, and believe in them, "io pass by on the othar side," and like the Levite of old, behold with indifference the unfortunate condition of our afflicted nuites who lurk " on the way side," groping their way in mental darkness, barely a remove from the beast which perish," without hope and without God in the world." We can, and we often do teel sympathy for those who labour under like infirmities and privfitions as ourselves, but in the case of one with whose state we are unacquainted, we cannot accord that sympathy, to the full extent required at our hands. Those who, on their arrival in Canada, have been blessed with ample means to purchase a well-cleared farm and other etcs. calciilated to supply all the creature comforts to make a home happy, cannot realize, oven in thought, the irksome condition of the emigrant, who, fifty years ago, hewed out of the wild woods a home for himself and family. Neither is it possible for us who enjoy the rich stores of the accu- mulated knowledge of ages of civilization in the literary productions of the master minds of the present and former centuries, to see any other than a vague and indistinct image of the mental gloom pervading the mind of one born deaf. Their condition is only known to him who has made the subject of their education a special study. The earliest history furnishes us with only one solitary instance in which an attempt was made to ameliorate the condition of the mute ; this was an eftbrt to teach Quintius Paulus the Art of Drawing, as it was held an utter impossibility to roach his intellect. To the divine influence of religion may be attributed the blessed effects which we now see exhibited in the numerous Institutions established for the benefit of this unfortunate class in Europe, America and every part of the civilized world. IV. Pedro do Ponco and lionet (Spanish Monks) wore tho first who succoedod in developing tho untutored intellect of the mute — the latter of whom in- vented tho one handed Alphabet. In 1V60, a bright era dawned on the poor deaf and dumb, A Catholic Priast of Paris, Abbey de I'Kpie, coneeivefl the philanthropic idea of open- inir a School for their benefit — this benevolent man was led to this under- taking by an incidoiitid (.ircumstance which occurred in his daily visits to relieve the poor and needy. One day he entered a house in the outskirts of the city of Paris, where he found two interesting girls engaged at needlework, and whom he adilressed but received no reply to his kind enquiries. 'I'iie mother, however, soon arrived and explained the cause of their silence — they were deaf and dumb — moved with pity in beholding their isolated and sad condition, he felt disposed to lessen their affliction, and soon afterwards opened the first public school of the kind in the world. People laughed at the absurd idea, as they thought the task quite iraprayticable. His theory was, " that the deaf and dumb cannot attach ideas directly to the written form of words, any more than we who hear and speak can do so, and that, as for us, spoken words mast serve as intermediaries between the written word and tho idea, so for tiie deaf and dumb a sign representing each word must fulfil the same oflSce." Had he studied the operating laws of nature, and taken Alphabetic language, instead of signs, to fulfil tlis ofiico, his system, notwithstanding the great mistake of uoing methodical signs as an instrument of instruction, would have been more successful. To his honor be it said, that out of a stipend of £400 a year, he expend- ed over £300 in tho support and clothing of indigent mutes, ' and invited all to come to him to learn his art, free of charge. He died in a good old age, regretted by the crowned heads of Europe, and his memory to this day is revered by the deaf and dumb of every religious denomina- tion throughout the world. The government took his school under their auspices, and on his much lamented death in 1789, appointed the Abbey Sicard to fill his place. All that is record ^ of him was his ingenious turn of mind in the development of the sign lanu-aage, which was an im- provement on that devised by his predecessor, but he failed like him to bring his pupils to annex clearly defined ideas to language, and the result was that he did not succeed in developing their reflective faculties. — It is true he gained a wide-world fame, by the clever answers of Massieu whom to this day Dr. Kitto regards as the only deaf mute whose V. nttftinments were of a high order. We shall 86on see if Masaieu wa« the real author of the answen* which !<^(1 Dr. KW.to lo form this opinion. Ih 1790, Dr. Watson of London, and Mr. Braidwood of Edinburgh, espoused the good cause of doaf mute education, but did not follow tie I'Epeo or Siciird's system, jujopting that of Pierrie of Paris, who taught articulation mechanically. Dr. Orpen, of Dublin, was the founder of the Claremont School in 1816. The benevolent labours of Watson, Braidwood, and Odch, succeeded in exciting public 8yrai)athy on behalf of this unfortunato class, and the residt of their benevolent exertions may bo realized, when wo reflect that there are at present in vigorous and efHcient operation, no less than 23 Institutions in Great Britain and Ireland, for tbe maintenance and educa- tion of 1700 indigent deaf and dumb children who are brought within range of the Gosp-il, and taught to rely on the promises of faith to be liappy in time and throughout eternity. In 1817, Dr. Cogswell, who had a deaf and dumb daughter, founded an Institution at Hartford, Connecticut, and who, with other philanthropic gentlemen, sent over to EngUnd the Rev. T. H. Gallaudet, to become ac- quainted with the system of imparting inatvuctions to the deaf and dumb. teachets compelled the <^ hospitably received by b returned to America Olerc, a learned deaf ard. , .otland to throw some It appears that *' the seljish policy of Rev. gentleman to proceed to Fraiice, ' Sicard, by whom he was taught the on the IGth April, 1816, accompanies mute, graduate of the Paris School, and h . It may be well for the honor of England ana light on the grounds which produced this •' selfish policy" on the part of the Teachers of the Edinburgh and London Schools, where the late Rev. Mr. Gallaudet received s-ich bad treatment, in the shape of " an exorbitant demand," for a knowledge of their system. Mr. Braidwood was fo. some time Head Master of the London School, and was succeeded by Mr. Kinni- burgh at Edinburgh— the former communicated the system of teaching articulation by labial and guttural sounds to the latter, who was bound in honor to keep the system private. Mr. Braidwood not only spent his time but his fortune on behalf of suitering humanity, in every phase ?nd form in which it came under his observation, and none so kind and so ready to ameliorate the condition of the deaf and dumb. The following paragraph, taken from a work published at Albany, shows that he felt so much for the deaf and dumb that he sent his grandson to America to lessen their affliction. ▼1. "A gr&ndson of Thomns 13rai.lwofKl, coming to Ad't^.h in 1811 in the couFHe ,.tnn nnl.nppy, orratic, nm .lisHoluto career, spent some timd at New York, where he collected a few (loaf-muto put.ifs, nn.l made an en- cuuragmg bogmnmg m teaching them. This enterpr.ze, though hke those of the «a,no young man in Virginia, was soon broken up by his raiHconduct, attracte,! he attc^rt.on of Dr. Samuel Akerley and otLr citizens of Now tlon " ^"^ ^'''*^'*''* ''"^ ''"^ ^'"' *''" «''^»^>''»'"n«nt of our Institu- So it was the grandson of liraidwood who first introduced deaf-mute education in the new world, through the benevolence of that very man who is represented as having exercised "a seljinh policy'' in the refusal to oommuriicate the system to Rot. Mr. Gallaudet, Probably the treatment which the grandson of Braidwood received at New York, may have operated in an injurious manner against the Rev. Mr. GallauJetV receiving instructions at London or Edinburgh ? On the return of Rev. M.'. Gillaudet to America, accompanied by M. < .ere, they pusned forward the good work and their efforts were crowned with success. In the first Report of tliellauford Institution, 'ssued, on June Ist 1817 it was recordeci-and it is true-that in the first six months after the open- ii.g ot the Institution, Messrn. Gallaudet and Clerc received, in the shap« of contributions, no les. than $12,000 tor its support, besides a gvant of i*-o,000 from the Legislature, in aid of its funds ! ! ! and the government gave in the following year a grant of land in Alabama of 26,000 acres to the Society, There are now twenty-three Institutions in operation in U. S., educating 4,960 pupils. The Receipts of the New York Institution for the past year being 109,000. ' Huch philanthropic efforts are worthy of imitation— let us say iu the language of the christian poet : " Millions attest the Gospel power to calm, The storm of maddening passions and to warm Tiie heart with fire enkindled from above, The fire oi" sacred joy and holy love ; To a'l these voices can their souls be deaf, lord, we believe ! help thou their unbelief.-" We boast of the provision ma^le for the education of those of our child ren who possess t! faculties of speech— we rejoice in the fact that or.r country containsa real mine of unexplored wealth in its exhuberant fertility, that our climate is healthful and genial— that uar stalworth and energetic' population are cj.pable of developing the gigantic resources of the soil on . ,/ / ^rii. 811, in tlie 10 tinrid al lailo an en- i like tliOHO aisconduct, ns of Now )iir InHtitu- deaf-raute very man ) refusal to received at ; the Rev. ud by M. e crowned l8t, 1817, the open- the shap« I gvant of )veri'nient I acres to educating past year y iu the which we live, as free as the Indian which roamn our trackless f<,..vj:i, under the protection of tlrt flog on the escutcheon of which the worJ *' Slav ry P is not emblazonivl, while at the saino time Y60 kvhite slavas, proscriboil from tl'e privileges of freemen, ptard at our doora bound by the fetterH of ignorance and humpu degradation, "without hope and without Cod in tne world," even those of oiirj)i,vn country, reliiiion and blood, but alas, not of our language, for th-^y are deaf and dumb And what have Canadians done to lighten the shadow resting upon their benighted souls ? Comparatively nothing ! Wo have not yet accomplinhed substantial good for mora than twenty of the mutes who have been admitted to the school since its c oning in June, 1853. The Government has been censured for not having, ere this, made suit- able provision for the mutes of the Province. In 1864, a sum of £10,000 was appropriated for the erection of suitable buildings for an Institution, to meet the requirements of the Upper Province, and a like amount for the Lower Province, la 1858. when a school ou a limited scale was opened, the government promised that it would receive countenan*"^ ^^6 support if we succeeded in atlbrding public satisfaction. In 1859, ■ .yiJfc '/ed $600, in 1800, 11,000, and in 1861, $2,000 in aid of our funds, and hud public contributions been more liberal, and the doors of the Institution been opened to one-half the applicants for admsssion, I have no doubt that we should have received a more g^^eroua support. If we measure our suc- cess by the amount contributed, our enterprise haa been a failure. Let us submit the contributions of the city and citizens of New York. Amount contributed by the City and Corporation of New York for building purpose? only, purchase of site for same. Paid by Government. Paid by City and Corporation. Fiftieth Street Institution .... $25000 $85000 Fanwood, New Buildings .... 56750 2566'79 51750 $341569 61750 )ur child that our fertiiity, jnergetic le soil on Total amount contributed for Buildings and Sites, &c. . . .$393229 The census of 1851, gives 17,300 deaf mutes in the United King- dom of Great Britain and Ireland, for whom there are twenty-three Institu- tions opened, besides some private schools, educating 1,700 pupils. The London Asylum has a surplus fund in Bank of £11,000. In 1858, there were twenty-two deaf and dumb Institutions supporteu by the Government of the States of America ; the pupils then unde: Instruc- Vlll. tion^ numbered 4,840 or thereabouts, over 7,500 pupils ]iave left those Institutions, the majority of whom it is stated, have been placed in a posi- tion to earn a decent livelihood, by the handicraft trade learned while at the Institution— of the correctness of this statement in relation to the learning of trades I entertain grave doubts. ^ Thern are sixty-two schools e^iablished in France, Tapal States 12, Switzerland 10, Austria 10, Prussia 25, Bavaria 10, Wurtemburg and B.-iden 0, German States 22, Denmark, Sweden and Norway 6, Poirnd 3, Eiist India 1, Turkey 1, Canada West 1, Canada East l,Nova Scotia 1. To the credit ot the people of Nova Scotia, be it recorded, that pre- viously to the foundation of the Society at Halifax, in 1855, the govern- niont paid for the education of some of their indigent mutes, at a school in tlie States. The honourable distinction of being the first of the British Provmces to recognize the claims of the poor mutes to the same advantages which speaking children possess, in the educational advantages afforded them, belong to the good people of Nova Scotia. To the government of United Canada, however, belongs the credit of havmg been the first of these British Provinces to make an appropriation for the erection of buildings for Asylums. It is worthy of remark, that when our Government, in 1854, made the appropriation of £20,000 for the purposes mentioned, that the first schools were opened at Halifax and Lower Canada very shortly after. The Si.ters of Charity at once proceeded to the Institution at New York, and remained there for some time, learnincr the system, and opened their school in 1855 at Montreal. Toronto wat not belnnd in looking after the " wind-fall" of our government, as an ap- plication was made in that ye?- from an energetic young gentleman of this cty, to the Rev. W. W. Turner, Principal of the Hartford Institution, for instructions in the art of teaching mutes, who ofi^ered him every facility to attend gratuitously all the exercises of the Institution, as long as he wished. I he appropriation >vas allowed to lie over for a time. It is to be hoped that in 1 8G2, the Institution will be taken under the auspices of the government • and as we are so fortunate to become citizens of acountrv,presentino-to our astonished eyes the living drama, of the most perfect 'civil and reli-ious liberty enjoyed by any other nation under the canopy of Ib^aven-libertv the very reflex of the British Constitution in its pristine vigour, fromwJiich It was modelled by the stern hand of impartial justice, equipoised fairly and honourably ;^ we may expect that our Protestant deaf-mutes of the Lower ^Irovmce will be protected in the exercise of the religions priP.iples o. their parouts, by an assistant teacher ot the Protestant faith, IX. I left tho8G (1 in a posi- Bcl while at ion to the States 12, iiburg and Poland 3, 5cotia 1. that pre- le govern- . school in ;he British dvantages 38 afforded I credit of iropriation nark, that )00 for the allfax and proceeded ', learning ronto was as an ap- an of this tution, for facility to e Avlshed. oped that ernraent ; ng to our religious —liberty, )m wJiich ed fairly nutes of relictions nt faith, and the poor deaf-mutes of this Province enjoy the same rights and privi- leges. Suffering humanity levels religious distinction. The number of deaf and dumb in a given country, generally leaves a certain proportion to its inhabitants. In cold and humid countries, witli lofty mountains, the number increases, for example, Scotland, Denmark and Canada East have one deaf-mute in every 1,450 of its inhabitants.' Two Cantons of Switzerland have one in every 250 of its inhabitants ; but these do not come under the denomiiiation of deaf-mutes, but cretins, who can hear in a great many cases, but from paralysis of the nerves cannot speak, and are partly idiotic. The sun in some p^T-ts of tliis lofty region never shines on the people, and as a consequence, the nervous system of mothers is debilitated. In England, the proportion is one in 1,750 ; Ireland, one in 1,750; Scotland, one in 1,075 ; North of Scotland, one in 1,450. On the principled of approximation, we have in Canada West 750 mutes, of whom there are 80 Cretins, who are not proper subjects for our school, besides this, there are no less than 120 above and 260 below school age, (i. e.) from twelve to twenty years as the best time, according to the experience of every teacher of the dumb, for mutes to grapple with the diflSculties of language, when taught on grammatical principles. In ad- dition to these, there are about fifty deaf-mutes who have been educated in the old country, thus leaving about 220 to be educated, a large number of whom will not be sent to school through the indifference and neglect of their parents or friends. The largest number of our deaf and dumb are the children of farmers, who are very unwilling to afford tbem the advan- tages of an education, their assistance on the farm being so much required, besides this they are unable to pay for it, and are impressed with the belief that two or three yeais at school will be sufficient for the general purposes of life, while substantial benefit can only be secured in five or seven years. The gratitude of deaf-mutes to their teachers after leaving school is ex- empHfied in the substantial evidence given in various ways, such as pre- sentations of plate, &c. On the demise of the Rev. J. H. Gallaudet, the deaf-mutes of the United States contributed the sum of $2,500, for the erection of a suitable monument to his memory. The inauguration of this testimonial took place in August, 1854, in the city of Hartford, Connec- ticut, at which " there were present, on that occasion, 390 deaf-mutes from IG different States; 150 of these were married. 45 husbands were present with their wives; 31 others whose deaf-mute partners were absent or dead, and 29 whose partners could hear and speak. Of the 105 families repre- sented, 71 had children, amounting in all to 154, all of whom, except 8, X. could hear and speak, and these belonged to five different families. 135 of these husbands were mechanics? 36 farmers, 8 teachers, 1 artists, 4 clerks, 2 labourers and 1 merchant. Reliance may be placed on the accuracy of the statement. I would, however, question the capability of mutes who have been engaged only three hours each day in the workshop, " to learn a trade." The idea of teaching carpentry, shoemaking and tailoring in the time specified is quite absurd. A commission issued in England, condemned the teaching of trades in Institutions, where even ten hours a day were spent by the apprentice, just because the slop-work pro- duced could not compete with that of other tradesmen. At the celebration of the completion of this monument, Mr. Carlin, a deaf-mute delivered an " Oration," of which the following is an extract : It is hardly needful to enumerate here so many examples, both ancient and modern, discriminating the real object of the monuments from that of the cenotaphs and the like ; but, in oraer to justify the selection of the grounds of this Asylum, which the officers of the association have made for the site of the Gallaudet Monument, I shall give you some fair specimens of this kind— I mean the monuments. The great national monument at Washington city, which is rising slowly yet majestically to the dizzy height of six hundred feet, is a monument, commemorating the mighty deeds of the god-like soul of our beloved Pater Patri^, while his sacred remains, embedded in an unostenta- tious sarcophagus, rest at Mount Vernon. The gigantic equistrian statue of the Duke of Wellington over the western gate of St. James' Park, London, though inappropriately, in my humble opinion, cast in bronze and elevated thereupon during his lifetime, is a monument, perpetuating the great victory at Waterloo, wh\ch History with stem impartiality attributes to the opportune re-enforcement of the Prussians, and not to the military skill of the nigh-van- quished " Iron Duke." Anti-British that ? My mute friends. What deeds of the soul were perpetuated by Dr. Gal- laudet so as to deserve this grateful tribute? Was he an eminent statesman, who on our national senatorial floor, cof)ed with the Great Trio, — Clay, Cal- houn and Webster,— flinging upon their heads his vivid thunderbolts of forensic eloquence ! No ! he was too gentle in disposition, too modest, to venture into that ^reat political arena. Was he then a military genius, lead- ing our little band of brave men victoriously from Palo Alto to Buena Vista or from the impregnable castle of San Juan d' UUoa, overlooking sullenly Vera Cruz, to the ancient halls of Montezuma? Oh no ! he was too much of an evangelical messenger of God, blessed with a most ftatemal heart, to relish the sight of human blood shed on the gory battle ground, where rise, — as Thayer the poet writes, — Slowly on the burdened air, — Mingled groans ol wounded, dying, Screams of madness and despair; Cries of widows and of orphans, — Fathers, mothers, sisters wail O'er the mamrled; bloody corsesj Crushed beneath that iron hail. XI. mi lies. 135 1 artists, 4 Mjed on the capability of le workshop, making and on issued in ere even ten 3p-work pro- [f. Carlin, a n extract : L ancient and I that of the le grounds of he site of the this kind — I hington city, hundred feet, 9 soul of our m unostenta- ian statue of 'ark, London, md elevated great victory \ie opportune ie nigh-van- by Dr. Gal- nt statesman, —Clay, Cal- jnderbolts of 3 modest, to genius, lead- Biiena Vista mllenly Vera much of an art, to relish sre rise, — as Nay, his achievements were of the pure benevolence, which, in a philoso- phical sense, were equal to those of Zachary Taylor and Winfield Scott in promoting the glory of our Republic. Dr. Kitto says, in reference to the composition of pupils, printed in Annual Reports, — " But they (the deaf and dumb) want the power of e.'^pression ; and hence are necessitated to confine themselves to a few simple matters which they know they can express, like a foreigner^in speaking a language which he has but imperfectly acquired. This painful narrowness of range is much over- looked by cursory observers, in their surprise and admiration at finding the deaf and dumb in possession o/ any means of communication loith others. There are no doubt exceptions, as in the cases of Massieu, Clerc and a few more who attained great command of written language. But these were the exceptions of men of genius, of whom it would be in vain to expect to see more than two or three in a hundred years. But their cases are exceptional, and as unfrequent as cases of first-rate genius in the world at large ; and to be convinced of this, we need only to note the wolul difference between their compositions, and the letters of the most proficient pupils of the Deaf and Dumb Asylums, as published in the Reports. These incoherent compositions which seem to be chiefly made up of recollections of scripture and reading books, give a most deplorable idea of the condition of which this is almost the ulti- mate attainment, and yet the lower idea we form of that condition, the greater will be our satisfaction at even the exceeding limited resources which this sort of education opens to them. Much more than has been done for them, might be effected, if this education had been suited more to their real condition, than directed to the production of effects calculated to strike public attention.^' It may be well to observe that Dr. Kitto, who is tlie author of " The Lost Senses," and of that very excellent work " The Daily Bible Illustra- tions," lost his hearing at the age of twelve years, from the eti'ects of a fall from a house, while attending his father — a mason; and who, by that force of genius, under difficulties that seemed insurmountable, and with that ardour in literary pursuits which never assigns an imaginary boundary at which the huinan intellect will ever come to a stand point, succeeded in mastering the classics. He was a semi-mute, and consequently no difficulty presented itself in the pursuit of knowledge, as the English lan- guag3 was his vernacular. He held a very erroneous view of Massieu's ability, of whom he says : " In Massieu the instruction of the deaf and dumb doubtless reached the highest point of which it was capable ; and the teachers of this unfortunate class may count themselves happy if once in a hundred years they meet with such another pupil — with one so quick of apprehension, and so able by the mighty efforts of his strong will, to throw himself out of and above the hard bondage of his condition. His abilities, when fully instructed, were chiefly evinceil in the written answers to questions put to him by strangers. Most of theni were good, and some wonderfully line. The following are specimens of their quality : — " What is hope !" <« Hope is the blossom of happiness." " What is the difference between hope and desire ?" I Xll. " Desire is a tree in life, hope is a tree in blossom, enjoyment is a tree in fruit." " What is gratitude ?" " Gratitude is the memory of the heart." « What is time ?" " A line that has two ends, — a path that begins in the cradle and ends in the tomb." "What is eternity?" " A day without yesterday or to-morrow ; a line that has no end." '< What is God ?" *' The necessary Being, the sun of eternity, the mechanist of nature, the eye of justice, the watchmaker of the universe, the soul of the universe." The acute and dangerous question, « Does God reason ?" is said to have been put to him by Sir James Mackintosh. The answer was — *' Man reasons, because he doubts ; he deliberates, he decides : God is om- nicient; ha never doubts ; he therefore never reasons." The learned Doctor's opinion of Clerc is equally erroneous :— Connecticut Asylum, Hartford, September 30, 1818. " We have received the report you forwarded us. I ought not simply to thank you for this compliance, but the opportunity you have thus afforded us of augmenting the number of our acquaintance with men ot benevolence. The report is excellent, and the time we have employed in reading it has certainly been profitable to us. It has excited our wish to pursue the object of increas- ing our library. Send us then an account of all you may hereafterilo ; it will be a new obligation which we shall owe you. " The eulogy which you "have given to my master's mode of instruction has sensibly affected me ; and the answers of my friend Massieu, which you have mentioned in your address, are exactly the same as I saw him write ; anil I think them so correct and so precise, that they themselves prove the excel- lency of Monsieur Sicard's system. / therefore wish very much that you would follow the same, and lay aside the useless task of teaching the Deaf and Bumb to articulate sounds, or I cannot expect to see y(mr pupils for- ward enough to understand abstract ideas. If I have not mistaken the contents of your Report, it appears that and of and have not been very kind to you ; you ought, nevertheless, not to be sorry for it, for whoever declines to communicate his secrete gives a proof of their sterility. " Adieu ! The task which you have embraced is a very good one. May the Lord bless you, and keep you, make his love to shine upon you, lift up his countenance upon you, and give you courage and light, and reward you above, for the good you are doing to my poor companions in misfortune. " Your humble servant, "LAURENT CLERC." Mr. Clerc bad not known a phrase in the English tongue on his arrival in the United States, on the 9th August, 181G. His " bump of language" must have been enormously largo to have had the ability to write such a com- position in aforeum language in so short a time. Dr. Peet writes in reference to the system on which Olerc and Massieu were taught : M XIU. IS a tree in ind ends in ire, the eye liil to have God is om- ARTFORD, il8. t simply to afforded us •lence. The as certainly of increas- ■do; it will instruction which you write ; and the excel- fi that you • the Deaf mpils for- staken the have y for it, for sterility, one. May , lift up his you above, ERC." Ills arrival ' language" uch a com- id Massicu <' Tlie greatest defect of methodical signs, as used in the Bchool of Sicard, was the tendency to use the samo sign for all the different meanings of a word. Hence, the more significant and appropriate the sign for one meaning, the greater the confusion of ideas when applied to a different meaning. This was especially true of signs, for instance, by which operations that produce certain effects, were figured to denote those effects however otherwise produced, or by which signs, characteristic of certain indivitluals, were applied to whole fdasses having no common resemblance in the points on which the signs were founded, liebian r('lale« that one day, heeing one of Sicard's assistants dictate io his class the phrase roasted chestnuts, (forming part of a vocabulary,) he caused roasted chesnuts to be brought into the class, and demanded their name. All the pupils replied tliat they did not know; and were much sur- prises' when told that they had just written tlie name. The difficulty was that the teacher haci signed for the word roasted, as he would to express roasted veal. He had put the chesnuts on the spit. On another occasion, Bebain saw one of Sicard's disciples dictate to a pupil at a public exhibition, the sentence, " The cat is a domestic animal." For the word domestic, he 'figured a lackey, or waiter. Such signs can only be compared to the rebuses formed of fantas'ic hieroglyphical figures." The American teachers, not content with parading brilliant specimens of prose composition, also exhibit their pupils' abilities in poetry^ a specimen of which I give from the pen of a deaf-mute young lady, with whose literary acquirements I am acquainted. THE CASTLE OF SILENCE. " Low bending at thy shrine I come, radiant muse of song ; And though no sound my voice may wake, No low deep tone the echoes break, That tremble round thy throne. Perchance my hand may touch the lyre, And bid some chord to thrill ; And though the minstrel's home-land be The realm of silence, still may she Bring soul gifts at thy will. 1 stood upon a rocky cliff, That overlooks the Hudson's tide ; Mists vvere around me, but anon The winds would lift the veil aside. And gazing far across the v ave. That break ui)on the other shore. My vision caught one fairy spot, Nor eye nor heart would seek for more. Turn we our eyes across the sea, And lo ! the blackening smoke of war Dims thy blue skies Oh, Italy ! And thunders echo from afar, flut land of beauty and of song, Tliy sufierings shall not be fv,f lor!' Who Hiiveu you ?" i1,— "Jeans Chri.Mt,'' Q._.« Why (lid Jf'MUH Christ como into thb> world ?" A.—y meuiis of articulation and ro.'i.lin.T <>u tho lips. These iiro rloscrilK,.! ft» follows :-J. W. K., born July, 1Si7. who b(M-umo (ioiuplotcly douf in bis tenth year, and Kpo«ks liko a .^liiia of mx years of ag.', but almost in a whisper. A. V, born Autjust, 1811, who b(..-mne .leaf at the age of five years, up to which time h.- ha.! s|u,ken and still spoaks well. J. l\ born in 1 H45, who spoke till he lost his hearing, at tb -. ago of four-and-a-half voars-although he still hears sharp cm ios h. no longer speaks. The remaining nfte.'n it was .lociaed should be taught by the language of signs." VISIT TO THK Tx-STITUTION AT ORONINOEX. This TtiMilution has lonir enjoyed the nmutation of bein- one ot the best in Knrope My visit was unfortunately mado at a tune when most oi tl o pup.l.s wor/absent^in the annual varation. Of the 1:^9 at presen "'<; «r "- n.et.on out forty remained on the ground, having learned from a friend that the u u.i weeLlv evhibaioM for the public was not suspended during the vaeati n, wiilin-dy accepted his propo.sii to aecoropany me to the .nst.tnt.on luid at eiu 1' of these elhi- itioni, to be held that a.y, (July 20.) The ^-n dmgs .ta, d on two sides of a small public scpiare, in the centre c.l which is a ^t'lt"";'' '« founder of th. institution, Henry Daniel (Juyot, who died m the year 1828. They are more extensive and convenient than their appearance, as seen h'om the Hiiuare, would indicate. On entering the tiall, we found that the exercises, under the direction of Dr. A. W. AliiiKS, the associate principal, had already commenced. Dr. K. 1. (iuvet, a son of the founder, who has long U-en connected Nv^ith the institution asbneofthe principals, was also present. The children who were on the platform as we entered, had been one year under instruction Ft-ey simply articulated and wrote single words. The next class, which had been two vears in the institution, was exercised in words in combination, but not united mto full sentences. This was the exercise for those who .lad been three yearr, uud-r instruction. The most advanced class wrote briel compositions upon Mini" simple subject. The followin-.- is a translation of one of these composi- tions /ritten by a pupil six years nnder instruction, on the word YVater •-■- ^' Water is divided into salt and fresh water. Fresh water is very useful for us, also for the animals. When we are thirsty \w drink water in order to (iiiench thirst, and in order to reiresh ourselves." Ihe chief prominence m the '.vh.-le exercise was given to writing, but at the close ot the perlormance, 11 vo.ui.r man who ' • i been eigh, years under instruction, and who is iiuw i-.' iloyed in s^.ne capacity in the service of the institution, was brought ior- ward to speak and to read upon the lips. His proficiency m both was very .rood, and manifestly greater than is usually e.vhibiled Ttie spectators wen awav, undoubtedly, with the belief that • was deaf from birth. None oi them inquired, and it did not probably occ o the teacher to mention that the vonuo man became deaf at six years of ag. , and had therefore once acquired oral lau'ma-e in the ordinary way. That there uus no desicrned concealment was evident from the frankness with which my inciuiry on this point was answered. Still the occurrence illustrates the constant liability to error to which visitors not acquainted with deaf-mule instruction are exposed. Without l>eing aware of it, they carr^' iW.ay, in many cases, the most exagger- ated impressions. XXI. ret '" ''"' 1847. wlio liiKl of six 1811, wlio )>ntiiid Htill ing, at i\\^ I! no loiigor jht l>y tlio tho best in i' till! pupils iiistnii'tioii, lilt the UHUJil vacatiuii, I iiml uttciul lcUii<,'s «tanil itiitue ot tlio 3 year IH'28. 18 seen IVom Bctioii of Dr. . Dr. R. T. le institution \v(;ro on the rhey simply lad been two ut not united 11 tliree yearn )8itions upon ese coinposi- d Water • — !ry useful for ■ in order to rominenee in performance, wlio is now brou^'ht ibr- oth was very 3ctators went th. None of nlion that the ince acijuired concealment lis point was ity to error to are expost'tl. nost cxugger- In euiu'liisit.n, I iiiiiy Htato that 1 w.ih un:ic.|naiutod with the inleiilionn Mf (Jcorgo SaiiMifl Cull, to pni'liMh (in airount of his ''Triiveln and Adven- tures," until applied to by his mother, to put his manuscript in u readable form for the press, correct tho proofs, and write an iiitioduction, which 1 consented to do with much pleasure, mingled with regrot--pleasur« in con- tributing in this way towards tlie only moans ..f supi>orl witliin the reach of tin* poor "deafund dumb cripple"— rc-,Met, tliat the pressing duties of my eiigagonionts pr. eluded the possibility of my giving the suliject that lime and attontinii which its importance demands. The omen give evidence of tho sincerity of our gratitude to God for the blessings wo enjoy in the possession of tho ordinary faculties of our ihUnro, "by visiting tho fatherless children and widows in their aiHiction, and keeping ourselves unspotted from the world," dethroning r nal and veligious prejudice from our hearts, and doing unto others as wo would that others should do unto us. We will in the exercise of these fruits of faith, live down calumny and give tho best reply to evil reports. JOHN B. McGANN. I ■Hi'' It .«W. niAVELS AND ADVENTURIi:S OP OEOHOE J^^TWEUEL CTJLI^. I was born in AVoolwich, England, on the 9th ot Marcli, IS-iO, and am now, just twenty-one years of age Woolwich is a large and rautiful town, built on the right bank of the river lliames iTthe County of Kent, eight miles eastward of London Brugge ; its popnktion is about'25,000, exclusive of 3,000 Mihtary When i'nSs eic^ht months' old, I was attacked with convulsive fits (when teethingt) which caused me to lose my hearing, so I became deat ""' Mv Mher belonged to the Artillery, and was Steward to Colo- nel Inderson, who commanded the Fifth Brigade. I was living in Woolwich till I was four years old, when we got the route tor Chester ; this old city is in the County of Chester and is a very hiteresting place, surrounded by a great wall nearly two milesin length ; it is very useful as a healthy a.id tavorite walk tor the in- habitants, and is a curious specimen ot mihtary skill. Mrs Anderson was very good and kind to me ; I suppose it was on account of my being a deaf and dumb little boy ; she gave me many pleasant rides in a line carriage drawn by two horses with silver-glittering harness-how they would toss up and shake their heads? and prance with their feet, when she was going to visit the Colonel, and his kind lady welcomed me to the house at all times : I loved them very much, they were so kind to me. I used to take pleasure for myself, and one day crossed the Susoension Bridge, between a beautitul grove of poplars, clies- mZ and oaks, and I was astonished at the handsome Grosvenor Bridge; it spans the river Dee, which winds around the rising dry ?ock, where the town is situated on two sides in an irregular semi-circle. I saw also, a large number ot fishing boats, with nets and lines lying on the shore of the smooth river, which was very delightfiirand bright to my eyes; everything was strange to me. One lino summer's day as I passed along the streets so gay, by chance I met an ass that was with a little young one which went after me, and stood still in my presence; alter a few moments 1 determined to follow their steps, which led to the stable ^^dlero they used to live ; when I came into it, I tound no hay at all ; 1 tied them with a rope and fastened them l ' he manger, so I came out of it and took a walk for many yard, to a held which \ya8 covered with rich green grass ; there were many crowe which Hew slowly into the air over my head ; they appeared to be happy ; I u 'li' ' li I rested on the fresh, rich, soft green carpet, and picked the grass with my hands, which I carried very merrily to the stable ; I fed them enough without any person to see or tell me what to do; I loosened the ropes from the asses' necks, and thought to have some amusement, and accordingly I mounted on the little one's Lack ; it walked side by side witl/its mother over the road between the pretty green hedges; I loved them and I did not like to hurt them ; Idid not allow them to run too fast for fear of falling to the ground, because I was u little boy; when I became tired, I alighted, and though they followed me constantly, I made them leave me by a sign with 'my arm ; they knew what I meant, and departed from me, and returned to me no more ; I then went home and said nothing to my parents, because I was ignorant. I remember the ass is nientioned in the Bible ; thai " Jesus Christ rodt! upon an ass on his way to Jerusalem, and a very great multitude spread their garments in the way, others cut dowu branches from the trees 'and strewed them in the way, and the multitude followed Him, and cried, saying, llosanna to the son of David ; Blessed is he that cometh in the name of the Lord ! llosanna in tlie highest." Not many days after, I went alone into a neighbor's yard, there was nobody to be seen ; as I played among the beasts and poidtry I felt a desire to run and hunt after a white goose, which I did with great difficulty ; (I had the use of two legs at that time,) it was afraid, and ran in every direction, and hissed loud, as I coukl hear a little in my left ear"; at length I managed to catch hold of it, and brought it' with a Huttering wing, in my arms to the stye, where the pig generally slept when at home; I. sat on the trough and threw it down into' the stye, the pig heard, and immediately came out of its bed and commenced to chase it violently around ; several times the goose attempted to lly up to take refuge from the dangerous pig ; I sat down and looked at it with pleasure for a long time, and without the fear of blows which I deserved for throwing it into the stye ; when I became tired, I leftt' j unfortu- nate goose, without lifting it up to be saved, because I was igno- rant ; I do not know whether its life was saved or not. After remaining in Chester for three years, we removed to IMan- chester, the greatest cotton-manufacturing Metropolis in the world ; it is situated on a navigable canal, at the influx of the Irk and Irwell. We lived in Dunn street Hulme. At length the spring opened, and the buds began to come from the then naked and leafless trees. It was morning, when a little male neigUl)or called upon me to join him in a walk, at the time, 1 decided to go, and we went into a stranger's garden and began Lo pluck several kinds of truitt^, ;such as gooseberries and currauts; they were all green, and we were greedy to eat them, but they the grass )le ; I fed to do; I Liive some e's Lack ; ween the e to hurt falling to le th'ed, I adc them cant, and hen went ;noi'ant. at "Jesus very great cut down r, and the "() tlio son the Lord ! ard, there id poultry lich I did ,t time,) it as I could 3h hold of I the stye, the trough imediately y around ; sfnge from easure for jsorved for 3 unfortu- was igno- lOt. edto IM an- ils in the ; of the Irk come from len a little t the time, and began id currants; , but they 25 did not produce any bad eflectB or illness; when we wei'e done we tried to escape, but unhappily met the owner wlio walked at the side of a cart with a long whip m his hand -he was on his way to the garden ; I was suddenly apprehended by the ownei- he man with the whip-who soon learned that 1 was deaf and dumb, and he was bound to let me go free, so I ran ir. err dy home and never after robbed a garden ; but I was ignorant and did ncjt know good from evil. The next day was a glorious one,and Jittord- ed me much pleasure ; the blue sky was serene and calm, not a breeze shook the leaves on the trees, the rays of the sun shone bright and clear, and all was happiness and joy; 1 lo;»«d my littTe sister in a walk through the fields, which were clothed with many •'•rassy flowers, such as daisies, dandalions, buttercups, and others whose names I did not know, all were beautilnl in color, and then there was the green foliage of the trees which gave us shelter from the heat of the sun in their cool shade ; at tliat mo- ment we shewed our merry laces and gathered out the white daisies and yellow butter-cups from the grass with our hands, and soon afterward we rested ; we loved to see the white l)utterilies which continually fluttered from flower to flower ; we sat down on the green carpet, and directly a dark-brown horse came and smelt us ; we began to be frightened and noiselessly and (piietly seated ourselves in order not to let the horse know that we were afraid as it would express its passion and feelings towards us ; it went away and did not hurt us. Soon after we got home, accom- Danied by a little white dog and the flowers which we had ■ in our hands, to mv dear sister, Thomas Frances, sewed inir her face was pale and cold laid in a coffin, 1 showed my love, aiid kissed her several times, but immediately my sight was drawn to the \\\" which stood on the window, it contained clusters ot flowers of many colors, they were very beautiful to look at and had a delio-htful fragrance ; after a short interval, 1 ran to it and took all of'the flowers out of the jug, and intended to cover her whole body and head ; I never fell out with her, and loved her very much in all ray young days. In about a day her coftm was screwed flrmly and shut up and carried it nito the rude cab ; I took a scat on the roundy box with the company ot my lather, Thomas F. and Mr. Wilson, a missionary, on our way to Kush- olnie Cemetery very speedily, which is supposed to be three miles trom there ; my brother burst into teara as he lelt himsoit in the cab -on arriving at the Cemetery, we went into the church and iitft^'ule*! to what the clergyman said, who preached perhaps about the funeral and the judgment of Christ; in fact we lett the church, I I 26 and stood mournfully round the grave, and 7f ^^[^^/^^^^^^ of coffins in it. When the clergyman finished, 1^^ pronounced c blessing The gravesmen buried down the coffin and shut the woTdefvault b/means of a padlock and key, j^f J^^ le^t .e go home. Before "t went to school I never learned liow to alk at all in mv life as mv mother tried to get me to school, but not lor L7anKbTl was altogether ignoi^nt, ^^i^-^^^^^Z wonderful the works which God created were, I sawj^^^^^^l^" and earth, I thought that trees and plants were g^'«^'«^g ^^^^^ ^^^^^ land of themselves ; when I was alone, the ^^^"f ^j^ ^^^^^^^ hills, and appeared at a little distance t^?"^ . ^^^J^J^^f.' ^'^^ aftei- it with great difficulty and tried to f f .^ ',^^,^\Xthe sun it became wearisome, as I could never catch it ; /f ^^"^^^^^^ and moon were living and could see me as I pas ed a ong 1 thought the sun always'moved round the earth and that theheart never moved ; I wondered to see the sky, and tbo"ght thatjA. smolce which rose upwards from the ^/r^^^y^J'^^f. f f.^u^j I thought that the water in the sea fell ti-om the f-Y;. I continue in this'state till I was sent to the deaf and dumb I^^ f ^^^^^^^^ Traiford, which is about two ^^1^3 below Manchester ;bef^^^^^^^^ I never had any satisfaction in conversing with ^«y,^J^^^^^^.f^^"^^^^ they could understand me and I could comprehend them m many things, but. Oh how ignorant and destitute of wisdom ^ vas im- possib e fo; me to gaiS knowledge in any position ; at this tune when I was between six and seven years of age, good Miss Greaves came to my parents and spoke about the Institution, and how the deaf and dumb could be taught by signs to read and write. My parents were glad to take her advice, and promised to send me to school, and not many days alter I was furnished with new clothes and sem to the Institution. It is a very hand- some edifice of cut stones, the materials are brown and red color ; it is surrounded by green grass, fiowers trees and shrubs growing and intersected with curved gravel walks in front and round by the side of the iron railings, which have a very beautiful appear- ance and delightful to the view. There are two buildmgs attach- ed to the Institution, one for the blind who can hear and speiilc and the other for deaf mutes. The blind are chiefiy employed in knitting and making baskets and mat.. There is a swing m the yard for them, also the gymnasium tor the mute boys which is pleasantly placed on the back ground which is very soft_ to keep from hurting them when they tall by accident. I sometimes fell from it very high and was much hurt. Ihc place lor learning these exercises and play is in the yard at the backside of the In- stitution. When I was admitted into the Institution I was amazed to see so many deaf and dumb boys, who conversed with eacti other, of course by signs. I was put in the hrst class and linger- 3 see a lot unced the I shut the lat we got talk at all Diit not for know how he heaven y from the unk in the ind ; I ran vain, and ajht the sun d along ; I it the heart it that the he clouds ; ; continued ition at old before this ndsjthough im in many ; it was im- : this time, good Miss itution, and read and promised to aished with very hand- 1 red color ; lbs growing id round by iful appcar- ings attacli- r and speak imployed in wing in the •ys which is soft to keep metimes fell for learning Ic of the In- was amazed 1 with each 3 and linger- 27 Pd there one year, and improved my time well, so as to be the best m, ilMr H^^^^^^^^^^ Amongst the pupils admitted at die same 13 w'ls -i Uttlo boy, the son of a soldier belongmg to the nth Sai^ hi name is\illiam Jones ; I learned alter tlm that hi mX was Vltive of India, who had been broagh to Eng^^^^^^^ by his father, but at this time she was about to return to l^er na t "L (■onntrv Mr. Patterson is tho Head Mastei ana miss SX e^^^^^^ the deaf and dumb. The mute boys ai;e ery o d ly n marching, and at drill they appear as.wel as so - .Ihi^ There are ninety-six pupils, and they have increased in unber Thci^ewere two deaf Ind'dumb teachers, their names rMV'lw' and Mr. Goodwin ; there are live teachers, oneio : ach c ai, dnee of whom are not cleat and dumb. They teach ]^ pup' U how to read by signs, and spell from their lesBons on a rge shite, which is against the wall nearly covering he whole ; .iS of the room. The pupils improve and do many tl^^^^f ^ f ^ } thev generally sign with their arms tor every word a KhasospeU on "dieir lingers. The pupils are ordered out ot bed f^^l^f^.^^ , the morningand was'hand have breakfast at nme o'clock Attei breakfast they again wash :md go to school at t^Y^f?.«\' f"^ then remain till one o'clock. After this ^^f ^ J^^ ,^^^^ JX" themselves and have dinner at two o'clock ; after mnei tiicy wash and return to school at three o'clock and r^mam untd hv e then they all get free ; they have supper at six o clock and go to ed at dght ollock al nigh\ ^Vhel/tW go injo the fining room the teaclfer generally hammers the table with !;!« ;^^^^.^' ^^J^^^^^^^ mutes can feel that; they say grace by means ot t'^c ' fin^iB and by si-n^ ; when they go to bed at night and rise m the moinmg t feJShvays kneel anfl pray to God. The Lords P^^y^j; - - ,^^ by them, "Our Father who art in Heaven, &c.' They ha c hall holidays every Thursday and Saturday f ^f ™Xi J thl only go to school at seven and stay until eight o clock ^ img the winter, but they are all tree to play from seven till eighc eveiy luorninir during summer. , „,o,Tir The Sirls of the school are obliged to sew and make many articles^ tl ey have to repair or darn the old stockings belonging ?oTe pipL every morning and afternoon, except feundays. The boyl .u-e also obliged to dress the beds, clean the bed-i^oni pare the patatoes, clean the knives and ^'f^-;'^^^"' ^™^\t' hoes, the%layroom, the waiter and the school-room also dig^ Near V every Sunday, Mr. Patterson lectures trom the Bible to all to pupil{, ot course by signs and spelling on the fi«gerB ; they are ^el•v latte'ntive to him, signing about the Heavenly lathc^i and MJssiah. The J3ible is the best of all books m the ^i Id , i ?;;;chL us t. direct our souls to God, and how we shal be saved by havi.ig faith in Uhrist who died on the cross lor smnci« , it I 11 38 cautions ns against tlic tcin])tations and wilos of satan, and tho wicliodnoss ot' this world, and above all, drunkenness and lying. Tho pupils go into the garden every Sunday during the summer; they like to see the bejiutit'ul ilowers, plants, marigolds, pinhs, violets, roses, cowslips, wall-tiowers, fox-gloves and other ]>retty ones cultivated in it, their beauty of colour and fragrance of perfume was charming to the eye and nose, they seeuxed to have a smile for me as I approached them. There are several hundred fruit trees and vegetables growing in it, and there is a large circular pond with gold fishes, which look very pretty when they are sporting in the clear water surrounded by the pretty flowery walks opposite the green shi le shed. The pupils used to go and attend God's service in the chapel of the Institution, where the Rev. Mr. Buckley preached. The deaf and dumb read the prayer- botrk and Holy Bible. There was no deaf and dumb Clergyman for us, only for the assemblies of the people. There was a blind gentleman playing on the organ, which is louder than the piano- forte, but it was no music to me as I could not hear, although / can feel it. Mr. Bateman was the means of getting the Institution built for the deaf and dumb, he was a benefactor and good old man ; I am sorr}'^ to say that I forget when he died. The pupils were all dressed with black crapes on their arms and formed a proces- sion at his funeral, all walked mournful and softly in the front of the institution. The coffin was carried b; covered with black cloth ; it was a solemn bearers, and it was and whenever sight, % ^ve see these things remember the sad cause of them all, sin — ''sin entered into the world and death by sin," Homan v., 12. As Mr. Bateman had left something for the benefit of the dv af and dumb, an entertainment was given to all the pupils, and the assembly of gay dressed gentlemen and ladies. My parents did not go there. The dining-room was ornamented with evergreens, wreaths of flowers and flags, we had a great many kind of fruits, as apples, oranges, grapes, nuts, plums, cakes, and plenty of lemonades and tea to drink ; we ate about four times during that day. "When n^y niotln r was very anxious and again visited me ; she was very afl'cctionate and gave me two packages of fruits, and a ball twisted with cloured stripes round it, it was a very large and smooth substance, and very bright like marble, but I would not be pleased with this, and therefore I burst into tears, as I wished to live with her. After a long visit 1 lost sight of her, she left me and w'ent away, I became very vehement and fierce, but my temper was bad and I did not know how to restrain it ; I threw the ball downward on the floor with great force and with a hard knock, which caused it to roll among the pupils while they studied their lessons ; they wxre frightened into J, and tho 111 lying. J summer; (Is, pinlcs, [ler ]>retty prance of 3(1 to have 1 liundrcfl 8 a largo ylien tliey iy flowery to go and .vliere the lie prayer- Ilergyman as a blind ;lie piano- Itliough / 1 built for i man ; I apils were : a proccs- 10 front of ,nd it was whenever all, sin — m v., 12. f the dv af s, and tho irents did ^ergrecns, I of fruits, plenty of uring that sited me ; of fruits, ras a very 'blc, but I into tears, -t sight of ment and to restrain force and the pupils mod into 29 nearly confusion by my conduct. Mr. M , who was the oldest teacher, had charge of the lifth class, he was not a deal mute and said that he woi^ld take some of the fruit from me lor W. Jones if I again did so. The Head Master came to selio(rl and smiled at me. 1 did not deserve all I got for such bad man- ners. During tho summer there is an annual assembly of genteel visitors, who support the Institution, for the examination of tlie ijupils that is held every year. The chair was occupied by the Mayor of Manchester; all tho deaf and dumb pupils are obhgcd to "o to the examination. The subjects generally taught in school are" Writing, Geography, Arithmetic, Lite of Christ, " Scripture History," and the A.rt of Drawing. We wrote answers to the following questions very neatly with our chalks on the black- board, and also pointed to the map of the world, and atterwards we exercised our arms at every word as our master expressed to us before the visitors who witnessed us. The pupils only have tliree weeks holidays during winter and six veeks during summer, lor the reason of spending their time with their parents who wel- come them home. In the month of December, 1846, iny dear parents, with the whole family again removed to Woolwich with Col. Anderson's Company of Artillery, after our abode iu_ Man- chester for one year and u (quarter. 1 was left alone in the Institution where I spent Christmas day. I never went home and spent three weeks with my parents during the winter, because it was very expensive for me to have a long journey in the rail- way. But I was glad that i have a friend, Mrs. Irvin, in Ilulme, she shewed great kindness and atiection, and obtained leave from the Superintendent and took me from the Institution to spend tiie time with lier, for some weeks during the absence of the pupils in winter. Also, I have a cousin, Mrs. Ehone, who lives in Salford, who was kind to me too. During the summer I only had a tour in the cars, a distance of 188 miles from Manchester to London by the North Western Railway, and was charmed with the beautiful scenery in the counties of York, Nottingham, Leicester, Northampton, Warwick, Bedford and Middlesex. My father used to wait in the London Station till my arrival, and then took me a ride in an omnibus, which conveyed us to the llungerford Suspension Bridge— we sailed to Woolwich— this was every summer. I used to travel for seven years once eyi-ry year, at a very rapid rate. My mother was very kind to alibrd me so much pleasure to go to London and visit the great Exhibition, Thames Tunnel, '/Zoological Gardens, llegeuts B.irk, and my friends at any time. (Jn a delightful sunny day an accident happened, when I was about eight "^y ears old; I was alone and took a favourite walk through the pretty streets. My eyes were drawn to a very delight- 80 fill and bcautitul object, an English flag, which is placed on tho toi) of a hotel and waved proudl)^ in the air, opposite the Sapper Barracks, and also tho Eoyal Artillery Guard-house, attached to the Military Hospital, where the sentinel used to walk. At the corner oflwo roads a gentleman in a gig passed with great speed, and as I could not hear, and not having seen it coining, tho hors'j struck me to the ground with its feet, and the wheel passed over my heel, but my boot was very thick and strong, and prevented it from cutting deeply. The horse stamped with its feet on my breast, and I lay groaning on the road, and I began to bawl very loud as it was great pain, he tried to go backward from my heel with great ditficulty for ten minutes. After that I saw the gig run away from me for a considerable distance, when the gentle- man looked behind his back at me ; I think he began to be tiifj-htened and ran away full speed. A number of people wore soon collected, and seeing I was deaf and dumb they became very much excited ; amongst them was a female benefactor, who lifted me up from the ground and carried me on her arms to the dru'-'gists shop, where the surgeon wrapped my heel with oint- rneift*' and cloth ; this done, she brought me to the Military Barracks, where my parents lived. I was put in a bed until my heel was recovered. I have beer informed that it was Lady Eraser's son who ran over me ; he did not give me anything for it. My parents left the Barracks where I spent _t;o many happy _ days in viewing the soldiers uniforms, and seeing the firing of cannon, which I felt but could not hear. My parents had removed to Red Lion Street. On one day I entreated my mother for permission to go to London, who did not understand what I meant, I thought she granted me leave and afterwards I started Avith a beaming countenance, joy filled my breast ; I took my little brother llenry in such glee, and we walked together and came in sight of the River Thames, nearly a long distance from our homes. Before we reached the pier 1 paid two pence for a ticket which would pay the fare to London, but I did not know that I would have to pay to get back. The passengers only pay four pence. After that event we went through the large wooden bridge, which led us to the steam packet from the ticket office. As wfc'sat in it, and a few minutes after, when the bell beiran to riii^', the steam packet commenced to plough into the open water whfch foamed, and its paddles turned. The captain generally conducts the passengei-s to every landing place, as Chart- Ion, Blac'cwall, Deptford, Greenwich ; we sailed across the bosom of the expansive river about fourteen miles on our way to the Suspe ision Bridge, very pleasantly, and had a view of tho ^nw, f'-hipp- tuo-s, merchant ships-. Imspital ships: the steam packets bend their funnels so as to pass beneath the bj'idges ; passengers C5ed on tho ;he Sap])cr ttached to Ik. At the I'cat speed, , thehors'3 assed over prevented ■eet on my bawl very n my heel w the gig the gentle- gan to be 3ople were sy became actor, who rnis to the with oiut- i Military d until my was Lady ling for it. my happy e firing of rents had my mother nd what I 8 I started [ took my ;ether and tance from oence for a . not know ■8 only pay ge wooden 3ket office. 1 beiran to 3pen water 1 generally as Chart- across the lur way to iew of tho im packets passengers 81 are landed at these bridges, as London, Southwark, Blackfriars, were left alone when the passengers were all gone. I did notl.aow what town it was, but in a few moments I understood all, and tlien we made haste and got out of the steam Packet. T>iere was no ticket taker on the pier when wo passed along, because ho thought all the passengers were gone. We went home and I was surprised when I was informed that my parents were searching for me, and could not find me ; that very day they sent mo to the Institution at Manchester, and in a letter which they forward- ed to the Head Master of the school by post, informed him of my bad conduct. I was called into his presence in the parlor and he signed to me from the letter ; I understood all, and my temper was immediately on fire, and I became very much afraid. After a long time, I left him and went into the washroom; the teacher and the boys wanted to know what I was doing, but I would not say anything to them ; in about one week after, the Head Master mentioned to the teachers and pupils in the school, the cir- cumstances of my case, and that I deserved punishment to be in- flicted on my two hands — four hard blows on each with the gutta percha strap, sharp as a knife. When I returned from the Institution, tho next summer holi- days, I was informed that my parents had removed, and resided in Brewer street ; there was a large garden at the back of the house, in it there were only four trees, an apple, a cherry, and two plujQ trees ; there were plenty of gooseberry bushes as well as black, white, and red currants, there were different kinds of vegetables growing in it also. I was one bright day alone, and walked round and round the lovely garden, and in a few moments my temper began to have a desire for the puss, so I went to ex- amine after it, which I had at home, when I found it, i brought it in my arms to a large basket, and put it in, and ahut it perfect- ly for the purpose of giving puss a ride. At the time I took pleasure to draw the "basket with a long string which glided several times between the bushes, and soon afterwards when I opened i<- and wondered much how the puss was gone ; again I searched and found it in the house and put it back in the basket, but it was all the same, I wondered not to see it the third time ; as it stole away from me. I soon became tired and l-^+'t H. Not many days after, 1 sought for some other amusement ; x oo.v the kitten in my arms and climbed up the apple tree and put it on one of the highest branches and played with it among the verdure and small ripe apples on the trees, but I did not takeany of them, I only took pleasure in seeing the kitten afraid, and I teased it ; as it I t' M mW d9 could not get down, I left it on tlio branches, and then descended the trunk to tlio ground, so I sat down and fixed my attention on it for a long time to see if it could get down itself, however, it was .ilartned and could not, then I lelt compassion and decided to clirnl) up and reach it down, hut it rai) away and fell down. Ahout one year after, when I returned homo from the school (luring the holidays, one atternooii I went to visit a Colonel Arulcraon'H house in the Horse Artillery Square, for pleasure, and Avhen there, I went into the stable in which there were three horses and a little pony ; this time I stood in the stable to see with ])h'ji8ure what the well acquainted groom, Mr. Keef, was doing to tlie horses, and I saw him washing the feet of one of the horses with water, which was iu the pail ; the horse he was grooming was not tied to the stall. He liad a boy who helped him, and he ivus cleaning the pony. The passionate horse had his head over the ponies back, and in a ehort time it seized 'ho pony with its teeth and made it neigh, but I did not hear it as my left ear in which 1 could hear a very little sound, was not towards it. The poor back of the pony was much hurt by the bite. When the groom heard this, I think he struck the horse a blow with his list on the head which caused it to become very savage and in a i'earful manner run round the stable and kicked with its hind feet, and plunged with its fore ones, and struck mo a heavy blow with its iron shoo; I fell down on the straw under the pony and screamed very loud, as the pain was extremely great. The pails were thrown about in every direction. The groom wtis also kick- ut ho did not like it, therefore, he left ; afterward he enlisted into the Royal Artillery; he was very fond of me and gave me niucli pleasiire to ride with him in the cars and steam ])acket to x^ondon and Greenwich every Sabbath during summer, before I left school we also went tc Eltham which is two miles from Woolwich, I did not recollect how long it was, but after this a trumpeter of the Royal Artillery and myself amused ourselves very much, ho tied the goat with a rope to a long heavy trunk which it could draw, that I wondered how of its strength, it ran through the gate from the garden to my father who was making a rabbit cage, when he saw the goat he boxed my ears for some minutes, he smiled, I said to him, dear Father, I did not intend to liurt it, but my brother tied it himself; he did not con- fess it. Some weeks after, my father determined to sell the goat again, so I was ordered and led the goat with a string by my Imnds and passed along with him from our home and went through the marshes a long distance and came in sight of a tavern on the Railroad side. Before I reached the tavern, ray father took fun and tried to go backward and left me, however; the goat followed liim constantly, as I could not draw it to the tavern. After that, as we came into the tavern where a certain man who bought and paid hiin for it, he opened its teeth to see if they were good in the presence of the men who were talking with each other. In fact, we came out of it and walked with the man's son, who led it to his father's house ; when I lost sight of it instantly, the tears ran down my oheeks very much, and I sobbed deeply, and walked with my father on our way to visit Mrs, C , but her husband was out about his business, as a servant in the Royal Military Academy ; having made this visit, we returned home where I would not l)c comforted, as ray family tried to comfort me, and I was in tears constantly, about the absence of the goat of which I was fond. Some time after I played so gaily in my lovely and pleasant garden, and constantly my eyes were drawn to a groat cluster of apples, on the branches of a tree which were spreading out over the goat's house,, when I perceived the apples were very big, and pertained to Captain M of the Royal Horse Artillery, and that it was pleasant to ray eyes, I then climbed np without seeing no person to see me, and stood on the house, and it was 84 vei-yeuHy Wvmo to take o,m upplo thereof. Al'tor tl.ut time a litti. ,nako my escape to my mother's l.ouse, wh.cli '^)<';>';mI t the otUcers liousi. By ''I'anco I met Mrs.M— -, wlto . h.l not tc u,o a wurf the l.euutiful paintcl pictures representjuf. the varioiK. icLes of the New and Old Testament ; when I te t her km. ness I then returned to her an apple, tlu.u^d. she would not take it i will never steal any niore; y..n may learn Ironi tins lesson that Adam and Kve disobeyed God by eatmi? the forbidden apjdo which brou.dit all the World into a state of sin and misery. Ilavinjx spent vacation at home with my parents, 1 .eturned to school at Manchester, where [ continue.l seven years As soon us summer h(»lidays were -iven, I returned to Woolwich and t„und mv parents removed to the Otlicers Library m flu Military P.arrack," U. A., where my father had been appointed U) tlie char^'e of it. I was sometimes pleased to help him to do his work in the interior, which was richly ornamented, witli the dinin^r room, library, kitchen, ."cc One evening; L was aloir phymj,' and blowin- a pi-my toy trumpet, which I had got a loan trom one of my little neighbours ; about this time I blew it so loud that Captain A ^^, who was sittin- readinj,' the newspa])er m his house, became so furious as to pursue me with a {,am m Jus hand, this he did to fri-hten me, so I ran olf sis fast as I coukl. lie did not catch me. Some time after, when all was quiet,! tried to return to my home, but I had t.) be very cautious and inakc no noise, as I had to go along a passage where the Captain lived. I got safely home and hapi>y was I ; after this I took a large black dog "from his house tor pleasure, and led it tar over the Woolwich common. When his attention was drawn to mo at a little distance, he ordered one of his soldiers to take the dog troni mo and bring it to him. lie immediately ran after me but I refuset to deUver it up and kept my hands on it. lie became much excited in his face, which soon produced red and lire, and then struck me with his open hand on my ear and 1 fell on tlvc grass. The dog ran from mo to its master, who was on his duty drilling the soldiers standing in a line. At first Captain A did not know that J was defiand dumb, but he was soon made accpiainted wit.h the fact, and he learned to spell on his iingers and so talked with me. lie was good and kind to me,but some of the curious officers looked harsh and kicked me very cruelly, without learning that 1 was deaf and dumb ; if 1 was playing up the stairs in the pass'tge where they lived, and made noise and troubled them, they V7on.(. kick me, some were sorry for the cruelties ; as soon as theylearneil m ^^ i\ time a slight uml ar, iind 1 joIiumI to J not tell ler til)<)ut "« "'g)\^ J ecucaiea rsL J ' ^ ^i^^y^ ^t my school. My r T I Mr Pa'ttersr vi^ a good .tnd kind teacher, and like a Sav we sawimmy tine fat deer hound over the green pasture, ~5 b";iT rxir :rrv- r;| wh~d, and oxe,i and Bbeop roposmg under t'f »' -;g »' ^ '^ ZlZu trees Soinotimes there are rabbits and liavos and P'>e8?an'8; herries, and how we ran to them merrdy and gatherea tue uei ries They were sweet and we liked to taste thorn. ;r:reirr.i^ryTaSrdTrofd\;o!^^.^^^^^^^^ ? nSy the handl &cr Wo,P^'y>=dtoo,b«t we became con „^^^^^ 8d-"ei?^^'^---%rT^?SS rZ very bright. We also went through the interior of the ho Ce o eonse^rvatories, where great exotic plants were c^tiv^ed t be admired and seen, and then returned to ««1^««1- f^ ^^ also seen the exhibition of painting, ^^^he Exdiange^aml m BeUe Viie Garleased and sent mo home by men wouiu ^i_ ^. .^^^^_^^^^. .^^ ^^^^^^. _^,^ . ^^^^^ ^ ,,,^„t and recognized the sign of his ibretinger the military drummer boy and w idked with him to the gate where we sei) irat( i ami returned to our homes. iNol many clays ftcr this, wiiile I was at work in the tador shop, i was intormed that 31) . Cecv hunt woul;! tako pU.e. ,l,.t day ; I tyt lu,,» when lUoaH r;i^,:'u:;.i:i;i!:^'ou a^-tf; .^a. ace,- ... u,,_; . huntsmen «e.-o all dvc -ca in rod coab " ' " '^d^' ,',;'^,,„re all l,ootB and Iduo velvet ca,.»httn,g '■l^" »^' ''^trt^ '',, i Annu, „nlio,-6eback,and»t.;od '"''""." ''"'^''^^^ e n.ek it will. tl,e tliu liecigcb m uvei.) VA ,,4.1,,,,, ,.,,mnif>iio,cd to chase mior ln,nt.men, ;yitl' - "■>■■''":;;.;;' '^^; ' ; ;,X ! S nmcU excited, ittlux,«gh ""*"'"« ,{;7,^„,,.es imet V. accident by sinking aslcamomto my liou»e, ""^"'*" . " ' , , ,• 'i „,, „rote a few l,u.gWng when t|-y/»* '"f -. '^.^'^C^ .o L- I o 'get the words lines of poetry '''»X , ,»■■ we t^ to wm-k and was engaged which ho wrote. A tei . n c- J ^"^ ,, , . ^ „ .„..,senco of my r :i ;rr; ^n.rto'rtCdL t^ ■,. s.^ t •■ i i:rdL very ,n-ong;; lie di^^^^^^^^^ ,^ ,„, ,„ j ,„„ on'it and the groom 1« ""1" °;,h tbrou 'U the reSositoiy where trees which snrromided the f ™ ^^^^^^^ tligronnd Sl^tspiil. It -f .™;TJ;^n-| ""-iu Uussia began, I was living at WoelmcyUum thewa ^^ „,,,»„„,, ■sii^rtSini::;.^^^^^ srSst!;;'t ;l±^^n^K!c:l;;;^a^;;^ut°at MaW.- 40 1 fleaf-miite's father W I Asylum ; however I understood enough. Ihisde was in four great battles, and had silver medals on his bosom. We followed the soldiers to the dook-yard gate, but the sentry would not let us in. I wrote on a slip of paper to hira tiiat we were very anxious to sec them go into the ships, he went mto an office near the gate and brought us out a pass and wo got in. Why not? We were the two sons of two good soldiers. Y/e saw the Steamship "Jason," and the Artillerymen and cannon Koing on board of the deck. I asked them, "would you be afraid to tight the Russians on the battlelield ?" and they answered me, " Oh, nothing but entertainment to beat them !" They beat the Russians, and when the war was over, and peace with Russia proclaimed, they returned from the Crimea dressed in the dirty clothes they fought in, and with long thick beard, which made them look savage and not soldier-like. They brought homo pro- perty of the Russians taken in battle. After some time I saw the Queen, Prince Albert, the Duke and Duchess of Cambridge at a Review. The Queen took a lot of silver medals from a table covered with an English flag, on Woolwich Common, and gave one to each soldier who fought in the Crimea; all stood in a line before her Majesty. Among them were two who had cocked hats and white plumes, and richly bound with gold lace, they had silver stars on the bosoms of their red coats, but 1 must return to the " Jason," and tell you that my deaf and dumb com- panion and 1 got on the bowsprit and played about it, and looked around us to witness what the Artillerymen were doing. We soon became thirety and went seeking for water from the convicts who wi '-e once robbei-s and theives, and who wore a number of yellow and red stripes on their clothes, and black patent hats on their heads, which looked very nasty. We went to the '• keeper"^ of the convict ship and asked "him in my usual way on a piece of paper to let us see the interior of the ship and other things there, but he would not. After the close of the evening, after a happy satisfaction with what we saw, we returned and gave up our passes to the policeman, then we separated and went home each his own way. Not long after this, one morning after breakfast, I went to my work and was engaged a few hours, and when it was dinner time the master tailor asked me on his fingers, " Do you go for my dinner and be a good boy," so I went off to his wife, who did not believe me, as she thought he would come to it, so I was kept two hours, and then she\lt'spairod and gave me the dinner, and when I came to the Barracks, master was not there; the door was shut and 1 put the dinner, wiiich was in a basin, in an iron fence clcwe to the fire. After this when I was working, these military tailore tried to please m ; and made me smoke, 1 gsive consent and apf 'iiitt poo Ira' again, 41 took a pipe, put it in my mouth and smoked it long. I never smoked before, which caused my head to become very giddy and they laughed at me. When the master returned to Ins work, and looked sour at me, and when he ate liis dinner he called me and put the basin in my hand, so off I ran and he ran quick alter me with a stick, which' he had in his hand ; I then became very excited and ran down stairs quicker than ho could, tor 1 had two legs this time, and when I looked behind my back ho ran still, which made me run faster, so that he could not catch me. A number of the soldiers soon collected at the Barrack wmdows, to fix their eyes on me, to kno,v vvliat 1 had done. I ran to his wife's house and left the basin, and was determined 1 would give up the tailoring business, and went in search of a situation as a carpenter, thinking it was the best trade to choose. At last 1 was permit- -\ by the Military Cartwright Master to learn the trade in t' . "»' for a little time. I left it because I was so often dis- n finding the door locked on me so ottcn; it was a I only repaired the broken things, and the naves of carria^re. I soon took it into my head to begin tailoring ci«Hi.., sol gofinto the shop of Mr. George Butler, Royal En- .^ineere, where a deaf and dumb tailor was sewing there ; he was educated in the London Asylum. The shop faced the high wall of the Dock-yard on Church street. At this time my dear lather was discharged from the Officci-s Library, and in some days aitx^r he was sent to Smyrna, in Turkey, where ho was appointed to be a Master Warder Sergeant of the Royal Artdlery, in the Lritish Hospital where the wounded and sick soldiers of the Crimean army were treated during the war, or what I was informed, he belonged to the "Ambulance" corps. My dear mother and family did not go with him. About seven months alter his arrival we received the sad and sorrowful news of his death by yellow fever, on the 16th of September, 1855. He left a widow and five sons to mourn his great loss ; he was buried m the Civil Cemetery, at the rear of the Hospital. He was a good man and a follower of Christ. r. . , ^ As my mother removed from our place ot residenco, a long way to Fox Place, in the hundred of Plumstead, I left the tailor and began carpentry under ihe mastership of Mr. i3ennctt, who lived the next door to us. Why did I leave the tailor ? Because I would have to walk two miles every day to go to woiOc. 1 spent two months with this carpenter and was discharged ; iwas a very wild bov. When I could not get a trade anywhere, my mother did not "know what to do; she then advised me to write a letter to Prince Albert, so I assented and wrote a letter to him, for lo get me work in the Arsenal. After some time he sent me an *answer with gold edge and sealed with red p.oalmg wax^ on pai .»er, •The answer was lost by my father at Smyrna. 42 stamped wi.h tl,e Q»ecn-« Coat o^^^'^J^^l^Z^,^^ nnfl i^loncnd to road it. as it told mo l \VUU1U ^K^^ ..rv/in- Royi ZctraXmul'so I took it and wont to the f^^^ the letter out to the Inspector who took ^^" , f ,^ ' ;\* (^^^^^S he Baid that he could not assist me m anyth nj^^ and told mt Uiat deaf and dumb men are not allowed o work here Jlmt ^^^ ^^^^J man would not understand me, I said to Inn ^f\^^^^^^^ him in a few minutes to spell on his lingers t^ "^' '\" ^ *^^^^ "^^l that wav " he would not consent to give me work. 11 is causca nic grelt soLw? I left him and walked home, and told my mother about what had occurred. . , ,i a .i .^r\ih VrUwo After some days I went a^ain to the Arsenal with i rince Albert ;.; ,XnZy ha;dT;ud1™.ljod into the UW^^^ I went into the office and one ot' tlie clerks '«* '» '» ,V?,f?,'" 1 went into tue orace unu uuu wi xj^^ ^.,^y^^ . Boxer the Superintendent, and I was with joy employed m the fuze room at holes in shells. How happy I was then at work. The following is a copy of my letter to Prince Albert :- " I am a deaf and dumb boy. I want to work in Queen Victoria's Royal Aisenal, in AVoolwich. Men will not let me work because i am deaf and'dumb. Will you be good to ask the Q^ ^ ^^- toria to let me work for her. You were kind to buy ^Y ^"f hei s poetry, and sent her money to get me many hmgs. I ja t wo k o c^et money, I want to be a smith and make arms to slay_ the RiSli^s with my two brothers who fight for Queen Victoria in the Royal Artillery Regiment. Mv father heals sick soldiers in Smyrna Hospital. I am fifteen yeu.s old, and am, great 1 rmcc, Your obedient servant, GEO. SAMUEL CULL. on the fingers as we walked. AVhen we had walked a long way and went througli the wooden gate to the marsh, we saw some shells which were left on the grass by the Artillerymen, tor it is in this place that they exercise. AVe enjoyed ourselves lu the cool stream, for it was very hot weather. I saw a boy who was a good swimmer, who dived down into the water and appeared acrain: I thought I would attempt it too, although I felt tright- e?ied, however in a few moments I took courage and plun-od in from the bank, but I felt myself going to the bottom, the water came into my mouth, I became excited and shut my mouth with my ha'vi-^ t xva« in despair. I bcL'an to creep along in every direc- tion, and I could not find the open air. After some time the boy 43 saw my hand above tlie water ; he euught n.y hand and rescued m7 iCwe put our clotheB on we parted, and I went home buttold nothmgton.y parents about it. I was atraul it would ''tt::tZ"i:Zt with EusBia and peace proclaimed anf «^^^^^ were making in Hyde Park, Pnn.rose ami Green's Park for fireworks, to celebrate thiB event, a teai-tul ex- nlosCof ''^^^^^^^^ took place in the Royal Laboratory Arsenal t had Len"enSged with mV work, suddenly J. heard he dreadtul LuortT he explosion, and sn.oke burst out of the interior maga- S close o the^hop ;here 1 worked. It broke all the w.ndows ri^ces in the whole Bide of the square, and pyramids of balls fl^ up in the'air ; I became very niuch exc ted anxl ran with^a nalfi face across tho men who had fallen on the ilooi. 1 cacapou ! nhurt hut a rocket nearly struck my lejf «» i' exploded a my Ztunrtunitolv three men were kiUca, a foreman was blown ptotte a Irf the office; his whole body and head was broken to ^ie'es ; a carpenter was also killed by a ^'^^^'^J^ window of his shop wh le he was at work. But m ItM s moici d ffMdnes^ the ain poured in torrents, or more injury nusht vf bee Mb e! The'^wounded and killed were brought to the iimtary "Cpital in waggons. I had a narrow escape roni being hurt three times. I do not know what CMsed the explosion '%n e aS of my brother John from Ma *,"; he ««/;', ; agains tirbank of the River Thanies, at 'I^f, Eg'"' ^^HJ^^^S^ railwav, as he was v.ry anxious tc >' ^sjf Br dge Oft^n ^ ."'^ .P-,' - ?»?,Z' " It to": Mut^rMyluml^vliicli be- order to have Ic ^dd to the ; S sight of the Royal Military Asylum, e Dule of York, opposite the Chelsea which bo- Pensioner scotch caps, they are drilled 'f '"•'''y''" piJ^ii^o Pier, which and taken supper, wo ™^f -^'^i^S ^7 '», o he wo had better wat to "London Bridge, a distance oi seven mues, but he vould m 44 not — afraid ho would feel tired, so we again took the steam packet and again sailed for London Bridge ; when wo ari-ived at the station, 1 told him that 1 did not like to go homo yet, as it was early in the evening, so we separated. I took a pleasant walk through the bridge, whore such a number of omuibussos and masses of human beings continually jjassed. I visited the old London Tower. After that I came to a tall monument, and paid the keeper threepence. I stepped up a long winding stairs to the top, and I had a great view of the many houses and the river, through a telescope. 1 think it is useless here to tell you of the public buildings, gardens and parks which I visited while in London. My brother William, who had lived at Aldershot, now lived with my mother, who was very kind to keep us without charging for our board ; he was discharged, having obtalued the rank of Sergeant in the Eoyal Artillery, where he had served five years and five months, lie was discharged on account of palpitation of the heart, being unwell six months in the Hospital. I am i^lad Wil- liam or John never went to battle. My little brother Tliomas, the seventh son, is receiving his education in a large infant Orphan Asylum in lianstead, in the county of Essex ; it is prettier than the Chelsea Military School. I have visited it often. At this time I was sixteen years of age. I had tried many trades but never learned any of them thoroughly ; I became v/eary in conse- quence of the teasing and tormenting I received from my fellow workmen. I think I would have done some good in the Royal Arsenal, had I not been frightened by an explosion, so I deter- mined to leave England for America, to go to my uncle, John Robinson, who lived in Upper Canada; my mother sent my brother William and I away before her to London, promising to see us again in the evening, to give my brother William money for our food and passage. She met us at the ship in London Docks, on the second of March, 1857. Having bid our friends adieu, we got on board a steam packet with our baggage, which consisted ot three large boxes and a carpet bag ; we landed at the Thames Tunnel pier, and from that place we v/ent to the London Docks, and came in sight of a large ship with two decks in it, called the " American Eagle :" this was the in. When the evenmg was come, I was ship wo were to go informed that my mother was very diligent in searching for us, but we missed each other. The next morning a steam-tug took the ship in tow and we proceeded in this way to Gravescnd, where the tug left us. I saw Fort Tilbmy, where my brother John was stationed ; he left that place, got married, and is a Sergeant in the Royal Artil- lery in Edinburchi We sailel throucli tlui Eji'dish (l]!"n»iol h" the wind, and passed Land's End, where I saw large rocks on the 46 111 John coast, and a Lighthouse. Wo sailed into the Atlantic Ocean ; it was very deep and a new th-'ig to mo, and I felt very uncomfort- able for six weeks, tossed up and down by the great waves which made me giddy, but 1 was not sick like the rest of them ; many a tumble did I get wiien walking on the deck. During the passage I saw black dolphins, and sea gulls followed us all the way. A poor sailor fell from the main-niast and was killed ; it was a sad sight to sec him cast out on a l)oard with weights on it, into the deep ocean. Captain Moore, was a good man, and read the New Testa- ment for the passengers ; when the sailor was thrown over, all tlie passengers came round him. We reached New York in six weeks, and when wo came near it, a steam-tug came to us and pulled the ship, I was surprised to see it. We had_ a pretty view of Long Island, Sandyhook, and the clean white houses and tall trees on the sides of the banks. I must now tell what happened mo in the new world. At sunrise we landed at Castle Gardens and took a walk through the city. It is not so handsome or line as London city. I was very much disappointed at seeing it, as I saw in London the British Museum, St. Paul's Cathedral, Nelson's Monument, National Gallery in Trafalgar Square, Life Guards in Charing Cross, St. James' Park and Hyde Park, ]*)uckinghani Palace, Parliament House, Wellington Bar- racks, Kensington Gardens, Westminster Abbey, Zoological Gar- dens, Regents Park, but only large shops in New York. In the evening we left and took a curious steamboat up the river Hud- son 153 miles to Albany, along with two other steamboats, which were fastened to the middle steamboat on both sides. We then took the railroad, of which the track is poor, ar ^ came to Toronto, C. W., in three days. We did not take oui luggage till after breakfast, and to my grief I found my box was stolen on the way or at the station. I burst into tears and became excited, and began a diligent search for it, but of course it was not there. I entreated my brotlier to wait, and not to go to Bradford till I searched more, but he had no compassion for me, indeed he nearly starved me on the train coming, as he kept the money. Dear friends, I hope you will make out my box, it was painted black and white, painted words on it as follows : — W. R. Cull, R. A. It had two volumes of the London Illustrated News from January to Deceml)er, 1866, which I bought every Saturday in London for 5d. and some for lOd. They were richly bound, with gold edge, and full ot many pictures. We took the Northern Railway Cars to Bradford, iforty-two miles. ^ I looked through the window and had a view of some of the fields, some of which were full of nasty rotten stumps. The cattle were feeding in the fields, some of them looked very well, but the crooked fences de- 46 J fiw ;.. hnnnfv Honicwhat ; I never saw the like of them in Snd Vr Ht Bradford Station I .ot out r^l'f tn , IWrn We slept in it that night, ar.i when the and wont t^> Javcn. J breakfast, wo took tho "'nT'llr:.; wl ich ran Bix m lc8 to Bondhead, and afterwards about Iht nSe NewtTwn Robinson Teeumseth, Co. Simcoe. i> f vn !in roiM.oough or along the fences. When I had walked a long way from Pino Grove, I mot Mr. McCarry, an English minister, on horseback, which is about three miles from Whitehead, and 1 took a piece of paper v-liich I wrote on,andsaidto him," Which way do I gotoChurchville i After that he pointed his finger out to the ground to where some papers fell out of my hand, so as to say that I must take them from it, so I did it. He wrote afterwards and said to me, that you will come to my house, and directed me where he lives in Berwick ; bat I aid to him that 1 had no time and must go to see my cousin and promised that I would go and see him again after the visit to my cousin, and wished him farewell ; this done, I went from him and then walked off as fast as I could, and came to a farm house where 1 made enquiry of a farmer for Brampton. I was disap- pointed when he told me that the bridge was broken down which crossed the river, which caused me very uneasiness, as I wanted to go over it to Brampton ; I turned back and walked two miles to Claroville, and from tlur place I walked ten miles up the long muddy road and came in s ,rht of the Railway crossing, with two posts planted on the Railroad side. At nidit'l found a farm house where 1 was kindly received to rest and slept. At sunrise, after r, 80 1 took )rs, oTie for cui) on my I tlio roixd, ater which ^ When I in May, I roat many Tlio lann- md horses. Iff birds-— ajles, wood- elothed in )w, brown \y of their )U8 buttor- i^ing mos- lies whicli imbers, as soon as i t me much ; from tlio id through n space - md striped jh or along •ove, I met 1 is about er vhich I llei After me papers rom it, 80 will come ick ; bat I 3ousin and isit to my in him and irm house was disap- )wn which i I wanted two miles p the long , with two arm house irise, after 40 |)reakfaat, the fanner wanted mo to call hero again, and I promised iim una wished him j-ood mo- ^hi^; ho said to mo that the cars 1 I iii-e iu>t allowed to run on the Ju Vbath day at present. When I Hcramb ed up the hunk a few yards from his house, and stood on 1 10 Kaiiroad track which cause^l me to feol afraid, thinking that the cars may run over me as 1 never walked on it before. After some miMjtes I took courage and walked on it eleven miles and then passed to Brampton and after-vards to ^leorgetown and then to Mount Pleasant and arrived in Norval Station. When the btation-master saw my shoes were awfully rotten and old, for 1 had travelled tkr en foot, he gflve me a good pair of hoots which suited my feet very well, and after that, I thankeil him for his kindness and ^n walked up the muddy road, a distance of one :.nd a halt m ;o Norval village and from that I was put upon tlio plank rouQ iiree miles, and was directed and came in ■ ' Wit of a large white frau.e house where Mr. K • lived. As I'came into it where I sat on a chair expected for some minutes till Mr. • — r *'""*° ^^ome. 1 held one book and letter to him, who read It. Alter that he said to me that he did not see my uncle John tor hfteen years, you could stay here for some days until I would come here back trom Toronto, to which I will go tomorrow morn- ing ; he has seven Lons and five daughters : also 200 acres of land and largo farming. My uncle worked with him, and his house was burnt up when he was out away ; he looked for a place whore lie found near Tecumseth. After spending one week when Mr. 1^ returned here from Toronto, I bid him good bye and re- turned in a long walk about four and a half miles to the same station where I took courage and attempted to walk on the Rail- road track nine miles to Acton. How careful I must have been to look ont for the care, but I watched for the smoke which new up froin the steam engine among the trees. There were some of the cars passed when I wjis on the tra^k. I was directed to my cousin's house and walked upon the muddy road, three miles to it. When I had walked within two miles of the house, I noticed some of the farmere who were helping to build a log house for a stranger and felt sure tliat my cousin's husband must be present, so 1 tried to ask the farmer who read a piece of paper whicli I wrote to him, and he weni to call Mr, Hydes, wl^o came to me ; I held my mother's letter to him and he took and opened and read it, and soon afterward he welcomed me and directed me by the sign of his forefinger to where mj cousin lived. I soon saw my aunt who never saw me before. She has four daughters and three sons. After a few days one jnorning I walked alojg with her two daughters through the decay- ed and new trees where I helnedthem to make susrar from the san of the rasple trees. I us'^d to split some wood for the fire bo that D % i p 50 thev fermented the aap to become sugar in a large pot which Sr unTerit How careful I have been to cut oft the high tri^iZbi o 'tree with au axe so that it fell down to the ground in? ncle'B fields. After having spent two weeks there my cmsi wished me good bye, and I went away. At the phace I XlkedCX^ «^iles. When I became liungry 1 wf t ttoa la ge whL farm house, where I kindly received some inne After th.t, I said to the farnier that I walked Ironi my cousin's house ; but he answered that it is very wrong for yon to t,3 on toot, because it was Easter Sunday ; I said to him that had better stop here iill to-morrow morrnng and not sin'^o he was pleased ; on the lollowing day I wished hiin larewell; he dso iave me a quarter of a dollar. About this time I returned af era long walk in the odious, dim and damp weather, to Mr. K--^' houl, where I also spent one week; when 1 became tired to stay there so long, and being anxious to go home and lease my mother. So I wished Mr. K-— larewell, who wa k nd and^gave me fifty cents,and his wife also the same, and a lot ot b sweet apples. Atter supper I then returned to Norval Station vherel also took supper with the master. During that time he So me, "Can you be careful to look out for the cars^' 01 ves I can. After that he gave me some papers which I would 'rive to the people for the directions, so that I would go home safely without going astray ; I then walked on the railroad track eleven and a half miles to the same ftirm house where I spent al St, as he wished me to call again. However, I did not forge tc. look out for the cars which passed me so otten whi e I walked oil the track. The next day when I came out of the house, 1 walked afoot very smartly for many imles to Berwick, where i was obliged to pay a visit to llev Mr. McC the door was openSd by him; he was pleased, and recognized me, and attei that I conversed with his son, and he delighted me by many thinjis, and I spent there two days; I helped the son v> dig m the .rarden ; I wished his son good bye, who came \vuii me and ?tood outside the wooden gate, then he said to n;e. Will you ca . to see me again" ? No. Then he said to me that '• you don t know " After that, some boys carried and showed us many dead bones' I wondered when he told me that they were Indians who were killed in the forests on the elevated hill, which was a lew Y ards from here where they fought many yeai-a ago. Then 1 wen t from him, and as I. retm-nedhome for a long way in two days, and the fannera wondered very much how quick I could walk. 1 made uiy mother and inmates to be surprised ; however, after a low davs 1 was determined to see more of the country as it was in- •' .1 c T _ i. i...^ ,^u. vYintliPv tn toll mo I was irlad when she in- .C,^^« ntrc nf. .. . tei'estmg xo. mc, tuciciuiv, j. ci^ if she had more triends, after which >, 51 which le high ground 3i'e, my place I mgry I id some 0111 my yon to im that I ; so lie i'ell; he •eturned , to Mr. became »ine and 7I10 was 1 a lot ot 1 Station time he iV Oh I would ;o home ad track jpeiit all ot forget [ walked house, I where I the door [lud after )y many [ig in the me and I you call . on don't my dead lians who ras a few en I went days, and i. I made ,er a few it was in- [> tell me 3n she in- formed me that her sister-in-law, Mrs. Miller, lived near Mono ft^ills, thirty miles from here. I took a book and letter and walked a distance of twenty-seven miles through the delight- ful country which was bright with the sun. I put my feet on a good road to Mono Mills, where I made enquiiy in the Post Office tor the home of my aunt. IIow disappointed was I that the master and the villagers did not know her. From tliencp I walk- ed one mile to a large white house connected with tannery, where I met with a kindly reception from William Campbell, Esquire, to sleep for the night. One night I was talking with him in writing by a piece of paper on the desk, and said to him that I had walked twenty-eight miles jom-ney from my uncle's house in a day ; when I told him my name, I was surprised to learn that my brother "William had been clerk with hiin, so that he showed 1! e a large cash book which William used to write. After breaktast in the morning, the master didn't know where is the house of my aunt, but asked me whether 1 will try to go to Orange ville or Mono-centre, so that the latter I judged was the place to find her ; I went from him and then put my feet upon the right road, but it was dew and foggy ,80 that I could see little, and at last 1 came to a school house, ten miles, where I made en- quiry about the place where my aunt lived. I was glad that the master knew her, and said to me, that she is very poor and lives five miles from here. I was disappointed to find I was on the wrong road and had gone back five miles out of the way. When I had walked five miles, I entered into a farm house where I again made enquiry of a farmer for her, so he took and walked with me up the high rising ground through the thick forests in about one mile distance, before I reached my aunt's house, I was high spirit- ed and walked off as fast as I could, however, he got hard work to walk with me and he soon became tired and wondered at me very much. Soon we came into the small log house which looked a poor place. I gave her a book and letter, but she could not read it, she therefore went to a neighbor who could read, and when she heard the contents, she cried for several hours ; soon after, she understood all right and welcomed me. Iler husband, who was my mother's brother, was killed by falHng from the top while he was buildiug the log house, au4 also my aunt's brother had been killed when he was falling %e tree in the bush, where she shoved me to the spot. My mother did not see her brother for twenty -three years before his death. My aunt has one son l^ft with her, he appeared to be between twenty and thirty years f f age. Dear friends— I was nearly killed by the falling of the trees when my uncle John and farmers were going to clear the trees and bhrubs tor the road near Newtown Robinson^ I wou'd not agree to stay with her for some days as she wis^ll^. Why \ ' 'i .„ « Ranause inv aunt is an old widow and very poor. I wiiUc- Td wifh he"1S.h the -on*, and I bade to good h^^<^^^ f^wL^ Thad walked through the thick forests, a distance of ahout Zl^i^i^^t^^^^^^ instantly struck .ny feeling ^h alarm, and I thought it was a wolf. As soon as I took com age and came nearer to it, I found it ^yas not a wolf, bi t a dc^^ aSd began to runaway out of my sight. At the c|ose ot tie PVPninff asl came to Cookstown, where I asked the landlord in the ba"?ioom to"^^ me rest for the night, so I obtained eave - However I madi up my mind to have more walk as far as I li e(L Sldid not Ske to sUy, and then walked very fast nearly less than Lr miles as soon till the sky became dark. As I came home, I found my uX^d mother at thefire and talldngwi^^^ She tKad when she had received news in regard of my aun Some lavs afterward my mother as well as myself had travelled 500'iSlenrrailcars, for'the purpose ?M--/ -^^.-i^fot William in the northeru state of Virginia. After bidding our kh relations and friends farewell in Newtown Robinson we c o sed in a steamer from one to the other bank of this beautifu rive ■ oik) where New Cumberland is situated, and crawling up ropposi t'e bank, for there are no landing p aces we made our way hrough mud and stones, and were directed through hills of TtaMTiendoiis height, the roads mnning all the way close by the border of deep ravines from TOO to 800 foet in depth. At lengt we became quite bewildered on our way, and having wandered unti liny mother was exliausted, she sat down on a fallen tree and I made my way through the forests. I went with some aifficultics through the shrub-clad hills, and found a house in a retired part where a woman could read a piece of paper which I wrote, and she knew my uncle and lifted her finger to point out where my uncle lived. ' I then returned to my mother, and weturnedm the ric^ht path to his abode, where we found him digging in the garden, and he recognized us at once, and welcomed us. Ihc house is larger and richer than my uncle's house m Canada, it vtood between two lofly hills, distant a good way from any other habitation. There is a piece of orchard in wnicri peach trees arc- growing, and also Indian corn; ho has only one daughter and 58 wife. I liko Virginia bettor than Canada for its beauty in ap- Y)earances. After spending there some happy momenis, one varni aiul bright evening before the setting of the sun, which beat hot \\\xn\ iny liead, I took a favorite walk through the thick shade under the branches of the forest, which were very cool above my liead, and shut out the sun as with a green curtain. There are also a great many white May-flowers which spread over the green hills, I could not count them. I descended down the deep ravine^ with nch delight, and went to the clear streams which flowed between two high hills, where I stripped off my clothes and began to dip my whole body in the water, which cooled and made me feel very comfortable, I then sat under the brook which rushed from the rock upon me ; on raising my eyes they were drawn towards a large beast, like a kind of rat, which stood on the tup of a rock under the cave where it lived, a few yards from me, it wandered its eyes about the hills, and in a short time it discovered me, which so frightened it, that it ran away out of my presence to i'ts hiding place ; 1 felt glad that it was harmless to me. When I had bathed I came out of the water refreshed, and put my clothes on ; I then ran and searched about where it had hid itself, but I found it not. When I became tired I climbed up a high hill and went home, not far below my uncle's house, and told my mother about what had happened, she smiled and told mc it was a ground-hog. ... , , , My uncle had tried to get me a situation in a shoemakers establishment, to learn the trade, but I am sorry to eajr that the Boss would not give me a job, in consequence of his being atraid of my eyes, which were constantly sore since I was about ten ^ There *is also my uncle's brother George, who lived on an elevated region some distance above my uncle's house, which are all painted white. George has a wife and three children at present. I walked five miles very fast through a vast forest ot high trees to the village of Manchester, where a christian black- smith lived, I asked him if he would learn me his trade, but he 'id not want a boy. When I showed him a book and told him that my mother wrote it, he took and read it, after that he said to me " you had better take the books and try to sell them to the villagers here ;" I quickly perceived the advantages to be derived from such a course and gladly accepted his advice. I then returned home and told my mother about the books. The next day I took a bundle of mv mother's books and returned to the sameVillaFO in a rapid walk, where I was surprised to raise ., 1 >aut «pven do'l lare for them. When I saw they were appreciated •md freely purchased, I took courage and started out with more 'X n 1: J 54 books. My father paid fifty-two pounds for 1,000 copies, but had four hundred subscribers' names who paid him three shillings and six pence for a copy for each. Again I took more oi them and weift among the farmers. One day a dog ran very angry and awfully bic my leg with its mouth. It was great pain; however it did not make me mad nor insensible, but the owner poured whisky on my wound and did not purchase a book. Then 1 went up ten miles, kindly got a ride in a gig to the village of Welles- ville by the river Ohio, M-here I also sold a good many books, tor which I received nine dollars. At the earliest dawn I went into a biff brick house and there 1 slept for the night. A farmer said to me as it was morning, that after breakfast, that there is a deaf and dumb lady who lives in East Liverpool, three miles from here up the railroad track, so that I might go and see her, and do not walk on the track for fear of standing a chance of being killed hy the cars to run over inc. Some days ago a deaf mute man was killed by the cars on the spot, which is ten miles from here, while he walked on the track. At last I told him that I can take care ot the cars very well. Then I went from him and walked on the track without any considerable fright to the same village where I was directed, and came in sight of a pretty house with a good deal of green carved work about it, into which I came, and was surprised when I learned that the lady heard tha. I sold books ; I had a conversation and was charmed with her on some subjects, but I could not comprehend between the diflferent signs taught in England and in New York ; I only have two handed alphabets to talk with. Having made this visit I put ray feet upon the track to Wellesville, wliere I went into the Railway Telegraph office, I asked the master "Will you change the heavy silver into gold^ Oh yes ! So I drew all my money out of my pocket, which was so heavy that I could not carry it conveniently, and put a great number of silver on the counter before him and his clerk, who wondered and said to me, " Where did you get them ?" The master, who seemed an honest man, said to me that you must take heed tu watch them for fear of us to steal them, so I did it, he counted to the amount of more than eighteen dollars, and changed them into gold. I returned home when I saw all the hooks were sold, so I entreated my mother for more copies of the books which were left in Canada, as I could sell them better in the United States. She determined to tell my cousin's husband, a blacksmith, to write and have them sent to my uncle John. I helped him while I waited for the books. I engaged with my uncle to plant Indian corn in tlie fields and also to chop wood. This was very hard Avork. I thought four dollars too small for me to be paid i>er inoiith ; the possession of the money for sale of books, wliich I looked upon a^ my own, excited me, and my success illl 55 5> encouraged luc to make my way back to Canada ; my motlier said to me, " Yon will starve with hunger if you go so far." However, 1 did not care and started on my journey in spite of all remonstrances. Then I went through the lonely forests, down the hills two miles to the sparkling river, where I took a row boat to the other shore ; from thence I walked on the railroad track a little rough and stony about a quarter of a mile to the Station, and ])v chance I met an acquaintance, the station master, who carried his basket hung on his arm, and welcomed me. I said to iiiin as the cars passed us, that I would walk 500 miles to Canada alUhe way ; he wondered at me when I wrote it. I wished him fare- well and became much excited to walk very fast, a distance of twenty-live miles up the track, on which many snakes either dead or alive ^re often to be seen. One morning I went into the sta-^ tion, where I asked the master to give me a ride to the city of Cleveland, which is about ninety miles from here ; but lie said to nie that the cars would not stop here, and you will go to the next station, for the cars would arrive there in one hour ; this fright- ened me to think for the late hour, vvluch made me very exciiod to walk off as fest as 1 could than before in up the track five miles, nearly less than one hour. I wondered as I got in the station that the cars did not come there for abcnit a quarter hour. After I waited some minutes I took the freight cars and went to Cleve- land, but not as fast as the passenger cars, and had a beautijul view of the wheat and the Indian corn springing up. The helds were covered with rich verdure and bright with summer flowers. The conductor ot the train was very kind to give me a passage and dinner free, as I arrived in Cleveland in the evening. One morning, it was Sundav, I attempted to walk up the track a dis- tance of about 183 miles to Buffalo, but it rained, which gave me a trouble, so I went into a great round depot, in which the Steam Engines are kept, as they won't allow them to run on Sunday. I wondered the men were employed in forging the iron, they were breaking the Sabbath. Amongst them there was a kind laa who brought me to his house to live with him for two days. One ni^rht I ^vent with him to bed and kneeled in prayer, and 1 saw him to sign his hand from the Catholic book so as to say^ cross al)out the breast, which made me to burst into a laugh as it was strange to me, though he also smiled at me, he went with me to the Catholic Church, which was very interesting to nie, but i do not like Catholic religion. Two days afterwards, when i met a .rood chance and had kindly received a passage on the cars,! Travelled very speedily to Buffalo, alon^ Lake brie. I walked with lively feelings and had a pretty view ot many handsome houses through the line streets, and by chance I^met a man who held a tin supi)er pot in his hand coming irom uis work, and re- I '4 it r •i . 56 yf ■ . t \m tw- cognized me, he had emigrated with me from England. After that we were separated without saying a word, and I was directed and went alone to the next depot, where I asked some of the beings that I wanted to know how far will I go to the Niagara Falls, " twenty-two miles" was the replay. The thought came into my mind that I would not like to ride in the cars, so off I started aiid then walked on the railroad track for some little distance, my eyes were drawn to a very delightful and pretty picturesque scene, sloops and ships were sailing through the extensive waters of Lake Erie, which was sparkling with the sun that shone on it, I could not hear and did not see the care coming. Soon after, my attention was directed along the track, which was curved along behind the hill, and I saw the cow-catcher of the Steam Locomo- tive, which was a few yards from me, and I just jumped off the track and the cars ran and passed my side, I felt very much frightened in a warm feeling and almos*; fainted, for I was so nearlv killed. There were a few men who told me I must not walk "on it, as it was dangerous to me, so I obeyed, but soon the thought came into my mind, I did not care and again walked on the track eight miles farther, where I slept in a farm house for the night. At sunrise, after breakfast, I walked on the same track three miles to the station, where I asked to take a journey in the cars eleven miles, to Niagara Falls. As I arrived there, when I wrote ou the outside of the cars and said to the passengers that I wanted to know what town is this, but suddenly the conductor angrily drew my hands from writing it, which made me under- stand that the people are forbidden by law to write on it. After a short interval I took a walk for pleasure through the streets, not far below the station. I wondered to see the great and mighty body of murmuring water pass over the Falls, which is 160 feet in height, and a mile above the Falls commence the rapids, which have a descent it is said of lifty-seven feet. After a long admira- tion I returned to the same streets to the station, and from that place I then walked down to the track two miles to the Suspen- sion Bridge. After dinner I came close to the bridge and was disappointed, for the keeper charged me twenty-five cents to pass over it, sd I paid it. Then I walked on the track a distance of seventeen miles to the Desjardine Canal, where the train broke through the tressle bridge, falling sixty feet into the gulf below. There is a new bridge put up which turns on wheels, here I per- ceived the labourers who are employed iu digging on the track ; amongst tliem was one with whom I talked, and wanted to know how far will I walk to Toronto if But he did not read it as I wrote it on a piece of paper, after which I told him, of coiirso by signs, so as to sav I jumped off the track and the cars nearly ran over me, which made him to burst into a loud laugh. I said to him 61 After iirected 5 of the S^iagara ime into '. started nee, my uresque 5 waters le on it, fter, my d along jocomo- I oif the y much was so mist not sOon the liked on ouse for ne track y in the •e, when ;ers that )nduc or J under- , After eets, not [ mighty 160 feet Is, which admira- •om that Suspen- and was J to pass stance of in broke f below, re I per- le track ; to know 3 1 wrote by signs, ran over i to him will you ask the conductor to give me a ride to Toronto ? as wo came together to his house for our supper, and he promised so; after supper we came to the station where I waited for some minutes, when the freight train came up. I got into the cars which began to start after the bell had rung. The conductor was about to gather tickets but I had got none, I said to him that I thought the labourer told yon, and then begged for permission, but he refused ; at last I said to him that I must go to the next station if you cannot give me a passage. During this time tlie train stood, I was surprised and glad that he did not want to let me get out there, and also informed me that I must be very care- ful aiul get out dt Hamilton, for this train will go to Detroit up the next track, which does not lead to Toronto ; when it landed at Hamilton I was not directed to get off it, at length the train began to start, Avhen the conductor in his collection round, and liad his attention drawn to me, he said to me " Why I had not been careful to go to Hamilton ?" What was my surprise, but I made no answer to him. A passenger lost sixty dollars and his pocket-book while he wiis fast asleep. I saw liim feel his pockets with his haiHJs, iiret one and then the other, but of course it was not there. The conductor was very diligent to examine them in all directions with a flaming torch, for it was night, but he could not find the thief. After that he wanted me to know if I saw any ono was near him, but I did not see. As soon as this train arrived at Paris, where he took me out of the cars and went to the next conductor, with whom he spoke of my being astray, so he gave me leave and I entered into the next train, which did bear me to Hamilton, where I slept for the night, without bed in the station. The next morning I walked up the track, but was dis- appointed on account of rain, so I turned back to the same station. 1 said to the station master as I stood at the ticket office, that I attempted to walk up the track to Mimico, which was the first plaoe this side of Toronto, but it was impossible forme on account of the rain. In some time he permitted me and took the cars which ran speedily a distance of thirty- three miles to Toronto, where I entreated the Master to make ready for me to warm myself at the fire, for my whole body was cold with wet from the rain ; this done, I then walked up a long track forty miles to Bradford. When I came into the station of Holland Landing, whure I told the Master that I walked thirty-six miles from Mimico, and he wondered and said to me that I will speak with the ci))iductor to take you to Bradford, which is four miles from here. Oh no, I did not want to have a ride, and must walk four- teen' miles to Tecumseth, where my uncle liA^ed. After that I went from hini and he smiled, and I then walked all the distance. Before I retiched it, Levi Law, who was at work in the iield on a w 'I H .if %ll 68 the road side opposite the blacksmith, swinged his arms so ns to attract my notice toward a large black bear. I dui not know what he meant. In some mmntes my eyes were directed along tlie vard of the house, I noticed a bear Ijring dead, not lar below my nncle'8 house, it had a long chain in its mouth, and the b bod ran from it. By and by I was informed tha it was shot dead from the rifles of eight men, while it attacked the horse and wor- ried it in the field. When I became tired I came into the house, where I found nobody in it. I went through the fields and searched for my relations in every direction and could not find them, 80 I climbed up and sat upon the fence to wait until my aunt came and seen me, and instantly to my surprise my uncle s brother's wife also came and walked along with me ; wo ram- bled across several fences and came in sight of my uncle ?-nd his brother, and my cousin, who were very busy in hoeing the pota- toes They were struck with great surprise and wondered at me, how I could travel 600 miles from Virginia to Canada My cousin said to me on her fingers, " Will you live with us ? Oh no ' but I only want to have my mother's books from you to sell. When they had done their work, they went with me to the supper in the house and I talked with her in regard of my journey. _ One morning I put the books into the c.a-pet baj?, which 1 brought with me from Virginia, and having secured it, i put it on a stick and carried it aero., my shoulder I found it very heavy, and it was with great difficulty that I could trudge along the road. I walked a distance of twenty-two miles for two days. When the morning of the second day dawned, I resolved to get on a little farther, accordingly, after breakfast, I started and being determined to reach a place seven miles I again entered on my iourney with a light heart ; on the road I got into a wag- gon which brought me in sight of a bright and extensive bay on which Barrie is beautifully situated. I sold a good many books there, for which I received fourteen dollars. After this I returned iitoot on the same distance of the road to my uncle s house, in which he and his household were surprised to see my bag nearly emptied. After having remained with them for a whole week, 1 said to my cousin that I could not bear to stay with them longer, and must go back iinmcdiateiy to Virginia State, and wished them a good afternoon, but she said to me that " 1 ou must not go in a hurry, for fear of being killed with wearisome, if you walked all the way, 500 miles." Oh, never mind said I, I am strong enough and can walk very well. I went from her and then walked one mile, but was disappointed to see thick clouds mingled with black and yellow, rose from the north and rolled towards the south. As I went into a shoernaker'fi house, where I waited until a heavy hail storm fell like thunder, and broke many windows ; the stones I! ■ 80 ns to lot know- ted along ar below the blood (hot dead and wor- ho house, lelds and not find until my ly uncle's wo ram- [q p,nd his the pota- •ed at mc, ada. My us?" Oh ou to sell, he supper ney. , which I t, I put it id it very idge along two days, ved to get arted and in entered tito a wag- ive bay on any books I returned J house, in bag nearly lole week, em longer, ished thcin lot go in a walked all )ng enough valked one with black the south, itil a heavy : the stones 59 were very big and frightened us very much, as I never have seen tliem in England. When I had travelled for a great many miles, I observed that some men who were employed in making the wooden roofs for the log houses, and told tnem that I travel- ed about forty-five miles on toot, though they did not believe me, and at last I told them with emphasis. Tiiey were very anxious to take mo to rest with them. About this time I took an iron gun with one barrel, which was so heavy, that I got a loan from one of the men, and discharged a bulletin the mark fastened to a tree a few hundred yards from me, and I was glad to have two games, though I never learned it before. A man told me that " I am a good soldier." Also, a man took a small roof and went to hang it on the bough of a tree which was near the cows that I may shoot it. I said to him that " I am i.fraid to kill the cows by accident," so he took it and put it on the next tree; then 1 again shot it, and it fell from the tree and surprised the men. The next iiay after dinner, my steps were very light like a deer, and I went very quick for many miles, but I did not know how far. I rode in a waggon four miles. When I fixed my attention on a man wh.> rode on horseback, I determined and followed him constantly about five miles very quick, without becoming wearisome. Ho wondered at me very much. I arrived in lileinburg, where I slept all night. After breakfast I walked two miles and came closely to tiie toll gate. I thought to myself that I would have ^ pleasant ride, so I determined on it and asked a kind farmer br the loan of his horee, which stood at the door of a tavern, the farmer t)ftered me a drink. Dear friends, I would not drink any strong liipiors ior fear it will bring me into poverty. I am in habits a teetotaller. I got on hoi-seback, which galloped two miles to Pino Grove. I was very happy and thought the road was fine, I however ielt pain, not being used to it. How kmd was a nuin to tell me that I will go to Brampton, but I could not. Being near the residence of the Eev. Mr. McCarry, in Burwick, 1 thought I would call on him, as his son desired me to do so. The inmates were very surprised, their faces looked smiling and welcomed me ; his son was very fond of me, in talk- ing on subjects. Two days afterwards, thereafter, I walked through the pleasant country and passed a great many villages, a distance of about seventy-two miles, without riding in a waggon, but I sometimes found 1 was in the wrong roads and had gone out of that way for many miles, which troubled me very much. During that evening I went into a large farm house, in which there was u visitor, with whom I talked in regard of my trav'3ling ; then he told me, why not I go to Toronto, which is the nearest wav to Virginia State, but 1 answered that I was afraid to go to Niagara Village, because Wm. Head, a tailor who belonged to 111 11 N. 60 i,ii I T . tlio Suspension Bridfjo will put mo into a wovk-houso if ho find nio, 80 I determined to jl!;o along tho L'lko Erie to Detroit in the State of Michigan. Aftor niy account ho shook my liands and ^avo mo twenty-fivo cents, and then took a ^ig and went along tho road on liis way to Guelpli. When I hxed my eyes on tlio (listanco, lie had gone, I resolved to walk fast and follow after him as fast as I could ; I continued this way for ton miles, having walked live miles in an hour, but ho did not look behind his l)ack at mo. My whole body and head was] covered ^with great drops of perspiration. I was high spirited, and only wanted to sliow him how smart I was, that he might wonder at mo very much. Another gig came up in which were two gentlemen, who rode and passed mo, and I ran after them and said to them on a ])iece of paper, " IIow long is the road which takes mo to Guelph." They wore very kind and ^avo mo seventy-live cents, and then wrote to mo " two miles.'"' I am sure I never begged of tho people to give me money in my travelling. When I had walked tw'> miles, I camo into the beautiful town of Guelph. Tho visitor that I had seen was struck with great wonder and said to me " it W£i3 ten miles where I saw you in the brick house, you must run so fast that it will kill you," However, I never felt iiurt in all ray traveling. He mentioned the circumstances to tho people who soon gathered and wondered and fixed thoro eyes on me, for my clothes were all covered with wet. Amongst them was one who was landlord of tho large North American liouse, ho took mo into his abode where I kindly received a shirt from his bar-keeper, and also lodging, breakfast and dinner from tho land- lord witliout paying for them, who also bought a book. When it was noon, I went into the saving bank, where I drew all my money out of my pocket, .vhicli was so heavy, and gave it to tl'o clerk, which he counted to the amount of forty dollars, and changed the English shillings into American gold. And why did I not keep English shillings ? Because they will change into tiventy- two cents when I am in the State of Virginia. Soon after I re- turned to the house, where the bar-keeper put my money in a small red bag, which my mother sewed, and tied it very tight with a string, so I took it and hung it round my neck down to my breast, for four of any one who may steal it if I put it in my pocket. After that time the driver took mo in an omnibus and went to the station, where I took the cars and went a long way to Harrisburg, and the next train to London. It was very dark, I therefore had to seek a place where I might rest for the night ; I accordiu^ y went to a beautiful hotel. London is where Captain Hodgetts lives, who used to pay my mother a pension for my father's death in the array. I am sorry I did not see him, because I was not told by my mother that he lived there. At sunrise I room. e* ho find it in the inds and it tilonji; 58 on tlio ow after 5, havinjiij his hack ith great wanted mo very len, who lem on a S^uelph." md then id of the i walked h. Tlio I said to )U8e, you ever felt 5C8 to the ) eyes on gst them bouse, ho from his the land- When it V all my it to tl'e are, and why did otiventy- 1;er I re- ney in u ery tight down to it in my dbus and g way to y dark, I night; I Captain II for my , because sunrise I wont to the station, whore I took breakfast in the refreshment room. Jloro I waited for some minutes, when the train camo I was permitted to take the ears whicli reached Windsor, 120 miles farther, and had a view of tho prairio which was all covered with water and only tho trees are to be soon ; it appeared like bush instead of roads. I thought it was an inundation. Thero were boats attached to the houses which stood over the water. Some of the cows wore feeding around me. Then I took tho steamboat at Windsor, and sailed from tho one to tho other side, on which the beautiful city of Detroit is situated in the United States, and opposite to Windsor in Canada, Toward evening I asked the Captam for permission to travel in the Steamer " The Queen of tho Forest" down Lake Erie, perhaps 150 miles, to tho city of Cleveland, in the State of Ohio, so I did it. One morning I went from the wharf where it was landed, and then walked down the Pittsburgh Lino to Bedford, in the burning heat of the sun, which struck my head and body with great drops of perspiration, I felt weakened to do so ; but on the track of Newsburgh, 1 was made a fool of by a Station Master, who promised to toll tho con- ductor to take me home in the cars. When I found he did not I showed a piece of paper to the conductor as •^he train arrived, but ho refused to read it and went into the cars. Then I attempted to jump on it, but tho brakesman kicked me several times, to pre- vent me from getting on it. It made mo feel very mad when I saw the cars which ran away from me, and then found it very hard work to walk ofi' as fast as I could for live miles, and the railway laborers wondered at me very much, though it was not dangerous to my life, not having any accident happened to me. When I came to the village of Bedford, in the county of Cuyahoga, Ohio State, eighty-eight miles from my uncle William's house, where my mother lived in Virginia. I stripped my coat and vest in the presence of the Station Master, for my shirt was all covered with wet, from the sun as I walked very fast, and showed it to him, who might pity and take mo in the cars to go home ; when I told him where I wanted to go and he said to mo Oh yes I will ! This was on Saturday, the 4th of June, 1858, at fivo o'clock in the evening. When the train came that way, I was disappointed that he did not speak to tho conductor about my -request. Then I asked the conductor on a paper that I wanted to take the cars to go to Yellow Creek, which is five miles from New Cumberland, by the river Ohio, but he smiled and would not. When the bell rang for starting, the Master drew his atten- tion to me and made a sign by lifting up his arm to the cars, so I ran and jumped upon the platform where the conductor stood, I caught liold of the railing with my right hand, having ray carpet- bag under my left arm, which prevented me to take a good hold of I ,1 is f hi Mi 62 it, I lost my balanco as tho cars began to move swiftly, and I foU down to iho ground on tho rails, and tho wheels of eight cars run over my log, from tho top of my thigh to tho foot, bo that the bones of my leg were ground into powder, my bag v/as broken into pieces, but there were two books which wore very strong, so that the wheels culd not cut them deeply ; I also lost tho end of njy middle iingct , on ray left liand, but I was glad that my hands were saved, all was bo sudden that 1 had no time to think, and tlio cars went so swiftly away that I might have boon killed, ' t thanks be to God, my Heavenly Father, though I was mangled ami hurt so much I was still alive, as I could see the cars at a distance, and the conductor leaning over tho railings and looking behind. At first I did not feel muf h pain, but o3me minutes hav- ing elapsed, T felt it awtully severe. I lay groaning on the track ;ind screamed aloud with great pain. Doctor Streator of Bedford and another gentleman were speedily sent for, and I was carried into the station. The pooplo soon collected, as many ot them were playing at CMcket in the square field close to the station, surrounded by the houses, and t> 3y became very much excited when they learned that I was deaf and dumb. I attempted to move ray leg but it was in vain, as I was lying on the floor. The doctor put a tournequet on my leg to prevent it froui bleeding, had he not done this I would have bled to death. I opened it very little to lessen the pain without letting them see me, as he screwed it very tight. A party of benefactors sprinkled my face with cold water, and also gave mo some drink for I was very awfully thirsty. When I drank a glass of brandy, which tho doc- tor gave, it appeared like water, because I had lost so much blood. The Doctor wrote on a slate and said to me, " Are you a Christ- ian .?" But I did not like to say "no," however 1 said to him " yes," with great difficulty I wrote " Pension,''* but he answered never mind it. I felt so much pain that I often begged him to cut my leg off immediately, by doing of which 1 thought the pain would be lessened. I however sullered from five in the evening until ten o'clock in the morning. The Doctor telegraphed to Cleveland fourteen miles for assistance. Doctor Ackley of Cleveland arrived. Doctor Streator said tc me " Where does your mother live?" However, my hands be^^ame weak that I wrote - V writing on the slate to answer him. I began to die, which inaae me very excited about my soul, for tear I would (/o to hell without salvation ; I was in despair. It was a miracle from the Lord that my life was spared. During my traveling this thought strength- ened me not to foar death. Doctor Streator cut my trowsers with a pen-knife into pieces, before the five doctors that had con- sulted with each other, who witnessed my affliction, ^.id afterwards he stripped off my clothes and found forty dollars, which I had in 68 lud T foil cars run ho bones )lvon into t;, BO tlial id of my tiy hands link, and illed, V t nmngied jars at a 1 looking utes hav- tho track • Bedford » carried ot them a station. I excited mptcd to lor. Tiie bleeding, 3pened it le, as he my face was very I the doc- c;h blood. a Christ- tn " yes," ■ed never o cut my in would ing until /leveland Cleveland r mother ote ' V ich maae ', without !iOrd that strength- trowsers had con- 'terwards I had in a bag, which Inmg roupd my neck down to my breast, but ho did not see nearly ten dollars that wore left in my vest. When I was informed thai my lug must bo amputated, 1 lolt afraid and ho baid to me that you must be patient. All this ho wrote down on a slate, and I could read it ; lie gav. io chloroform, which was put on a rag and held to my nose ; I smoit ic, but it did not make me altogether senseless, llien they lifted mo uptm a table and Dr. Acklev performed the operation, which ho did with a k,».. rp scalpel and a small saw, though by doing of which I remembered still and felt great pain, and there appeared as it wore a great noise in my eare. After this 1 raised myself up and fixed my eyes to my leg which had been cut off and lying on the table, but the doctor pushed me down on my back. After ray leg was oil", he secured the arteries, tying them with legatures. After t'ns he turned over the flesh and skin, and then sewed the two together with a needle and thread. When he was done for one hour I was carried into a '■^•'•go and white lino hotel, being no hospital. I paid fifty dollars loi' cutting off my leg, besides the expense of the attending doctors. My stump is about four inches long. When the doctor found my life was coming again in the morn- ing ho wondered, and the accident was circulated through the United States by the newspaper. One day Doctor Streator said to mc, as I was lying on my bed in great agony, " Wliere is your destination ?" So I told him ; he sent a mosp :^o by tho telegraph for my mother to come to my assistance. 1 suffered terribly with thirst.^ as I could not drink water, tea, milk, or any other ivaid of liquors, which were all tried. I found that cold coffee refreshed mo well, consequently I drank it all the time. Tliough my leg had been taken oft", I found an awfnl pain in my toes, iust tho same as 'f they were hammere(' with a hammer or pulled with pincers, besides there was the constant feeling of cramp which prevented mc from sleeping, and 1 thought it would continue so till my death. After some days my mother came and showed her face sorry for me, and took care of and nursed me with tender love for eight woeks. Some of the en- gineers, conductoi's, brakesmen and u number of people were anxious to visit me in my afHiction. but there was one, a deaf and dumb latjs, aged twenty years, who was educated in ColumLus, in this same State, often saw me every day for eight weeks. She taught me to talk with one hand. I sometimes read the book to the visitoi-s with my two hands, as fast as 1 could spell f. ')m the letters, and they wondered at me. I have been informed by my mother, anc" also by the villagers, that the Rail"»^ay Company would not help me or give me any- thing for the loss of my leg, they said I waa careless and had ¥ ^1 '',f If'' m- 64 brought all my troubles on myself. Some little children were sometimes kind and gave me some black-berries and flowers, but the doctor would not letthem give me the berries, for fear it might produce illness. 1 am sure tliat I never felt sick for about twenty years. There were two genteel men appointed to keep a wntch over me every whole night. I never took medicines, except a large bottle of red wine, which I used to drink every day. After eight weeks elapsed, I lecirned how to walk with the aid of my new crutches for some time, though my stump was not as yet completely heeled up, for once I said to my mother that " I will try to walk myself without your care," I began the attempt and walked alone without assistance but in vain ; I fell down on my side on tlio floor, but my stump did not touch it and was not hurt. My mother began to be frightened and lifted me up, but in- stantly tho doctor came to see what was the matter ; as soon as he lieard'her speech, he told me I must not walk without the care of her. The other day I walked into the openair under the guidance of Mi W who nursed me for the space of thirty days ; I paid him thirty dollars for it. I soon regained strength and then walked fast, and the people wondered at me when we were going to see the, villagers' houses. After some days we bid the good and khid people of Bedford farewell, and took the care for Cleve- land, and I felt no pain. In the evening we embarl;, . in_ the same pleasant eteamer in which I was brought from Detroit to this city, and then sailed down the great Lake Erie. It landed at Buffalo, and afterward we took another steamboat from that place, and also sailed to Niagara Canal in the heat of the sun, trom which we went by the cars fourteen miles, and had a beauti- ful view of great falls and trees on our way to the same village. After we came cut of *' - cars on the village, we then took tiic Steamer Zimmerman and sailed down the Lake Ontario to Toronto, wliere my mother engaged a cab to take us to Mr. Dillon's Tav- ern, for which she agreed to pay the drivev twenty-flve cents, but when we were half the distance, and seeing our helpless condition, lie tried to extort a dollar from her, but she having appealed to some of ^he gentlemen on the street at the Sword Hotel, they took her part against the cabman ; a ( yntest arose which was rather serious, as one of them took the driver by the throat and pushed him down to the pavement, and the gentlemen paid for another cab and put us in, and we saw no more of the wicked scoundrel. Three days after I was permitted by the Mayor and took tlie cab with my mother to the General Hospital, where I staid two m nths, till my stump was perfectly recovered. Here 1 recognized a deaf and dumb man ; two deaf and dumb men often visited us, they were English, Scotch aud Irish, one of them worked with me in the Areenal, England. Some days after he i*} I. en were s^ers, but it might t twenty a wntcli except a . After id of my t as yet " I will npt and n on my not hurt. , but in- Don as he e care of" guidance i ; I paid ,nd then ire going the good 3r Cleve- . in the Detroit to t landed rora that tlie sun, a beauti- ! village, took tlic Toronto, on's Tav- ents, but ondition, pealed to »tel, they hich was iroat and paid for e wicked ayor and where I 1. Here imb men 5 of thorn I after he 65 tt*as sick and sent there, and 1 was very gird to join with him, as I was lonesome, and I gave him full particulars in regard of losing my leg and my long travel, and also he reminded me about my conduct in England, as I was very fond ot running away from the Arsenal, very often to go to London, and also so late to go to work at any time, and I often rambled with him in every di- rection, and took a long walk from the Hospital for several days to see my mother, which soon gained my strength that I could walk off fast with the crutches. The people thought it was very dan- gerous and they wondered at me very much. I could beat them. But one thing is worse, that my arms often feel pain when I walked fast so far. At first I found it very uncomfortable and somtimcf oil to the ground on account of the rain, and some holes on the sidewalks, and I also broke the crutches sometimes. Mr. McGann brought three deaf mute ladies and two little boys to see me, and brought many cakes to me ; they were anxious to see me in my affliction. He is the head master of i;he Deaf and Dumb Institution, with whom I soon became acquainted. I used to go to his house ; he 'wanted me to be a teacher in a family where the.e were seven deaf mute children, but I would not, as \ thought it was hard poor work. Some days after, when I became tired in the Hospital, I was anxious, and then attempted to walk two miles to my mother who lived in Adelaide street, where my brother William boarded with her. Two months elapsed ;'it was winter. My mother took and walked with me a distance of two miles upon the snowy side-walks with much «lifRculty, in conse- quence of my crutches being without spikes in them, to prevent me from falling on the slippy sidewalks. We can*8 in sight of a new little cottage, comprising four rooms, and a large piece of ground situated on the wide common in Brunswick Avenue. Now why had my mother left her first residence ? Because the apartments were all up staire, and it would be very inconvenient lor me to ascend and descend Though I had left the Hospital my stump wiis no< together cured. I again went with my mother in a long w..i*v to the Hospital, in which I waited for a long time, and was called before the doctors who stood all round to examine me. Among them were one who pierced my stump with a long silver needle, to see if all was right. When this was done, my mother separated and went away from me, and after dinner the Doctor Superintendent of the Hospital asked the driver to take mo in a waggon to Spadina Avenue, two miles in length. After having spent many happy days in riding on the Steam Locomotive Engines on the railroad track as I did in England. Tiio thought came into my mind to have a cork leg from the United States as I wished to wear it like the natural leg. I re- h " if ha '•j! 111 I Slii'i: 66 memberetl that iny box was lost on my way from New York to tliis city ; I went to tlie Station and asked the Master if he lieanl anything about it, hnt to my great grief he did not. At tlie time I was directed from him to the CTOvernment Emigrant Otiice Ao-ent, Mr. Hawke, who I found that he was very busy to write to'tJio clerk about this business. I held out a letter which I wrote to him, he took and opened and read it, after which, he said that it was impossible to pay me for losing it in consequence of its Iteing two years ago ; then I went to the Parliament House for the reason that I wished to talk with J. B , Esquire, about tlic l)ox, to whom I was directed from the Custom House. I ybowed a book to tlie other gentlemen who also took and read it and said to me that you ought to sell the books to the Honorahle gentlemen. Shortly after ' I went to my house, out of which I took a bundle ot my mother's books, which were folded with a liandkerchiet and hung round my neck, exactly like a hell of a cow in the bush. As 1 came into the Parliament House for a long wav where the Members bought a good many books from me', nearly in all the rich Offices After these things. I was tempt- ed and went to the Governor General, Sir Edmund Head's house, with my Looks which I brought along, but was disappointed, because a xnilitavy sentinel who walked with a bayonet beside the gate would not let me in, after having entreated him for permis- sion. I let the books fall from my hand at the foot of himas 1 cai-;ied them with difficul;y, on account of my crutches, which I held in both hands. Kind was he. He ordered a boy,who obeyed and picked tl- n up from the side walk and handed them to me. Afte/wards the sentinel pointed his linger round, so as to say, that I muse go to the guard-house, so I did, and I told a Ser- geant that I wished to see the Governor, however, he said to me, that you must write to him. After difficulties, one morning 1 came out of mj house and again went to the Parliament House, where I also sold more books, for which I received about thirteen dollars. When I found r. good Christian, Captain Scott, who was busy, and also bought my mother's supplement, after which I told him liow the sentinel yesterday could not let me go to the Gov- (H-nment House, so he promised, and made me stop for one hour. When the time was regularly struck for us to go to dinner, ^he went with me along,in a short walk to the Governor's house. The sentinel had a gun, but as soon as he learned that Mr. Scott was to take me and then he went on his duty. How happy I was when I went into house where Colonel Irvine, who was 1 waning his elbow on the shelf against the fire, and spied through the open door into the Sergeant's office at me, and showed his kindness to me and bowed with his hand to his forehead as^ I approached hini. As I sat on a chair and wrote on the desk in his presence, 67 He wore his uniform, and Capt. Scott and ho talked with each other ahont my affliction. I wrote on a piece of paper and held it out to the Colonel, and I said that my mother wrote that book. After this, Colonel Irvine Avrote and said to me that the Governor General was not at home, but that he would be back at three o'clock, evening. I said to him, •' Will you give me some busi- ness to do?" But the Captain asked me what would I like to do? Printer, said I. Afterwards Captain Eetallack, the Governor's Secretary, examined me, and said, " Do you know the business ?" No. Then he bought a book for two dollars, and said, that I may keep a dollar for myself, and the Ca]>tain told me that he would come and see my mother to-morrow morning. In fact, I smiled constantly, and shook all their hands after having told the Colonel that I wished to wait for the arrival of the Gov. General. At last the Captain and myself came to the gate where I shook his hand and then parted from ^U2U ; I returned home with gladness, and informed my mother of all that had taken place. I told hei" that I had met with a gentleman that loved and feared God, and that he would call and see her, u^'d probably learn whether my statements were in accordance with truth. The next morning at sunrise he came, and was informed of many things by my mother, regarding lieraelf and family, and also what had happened to me ; he said to her that I wrote on a piece of slate very quick, to the gentlemen in the Parliament House, which made her burst into a laugh. Then he came out of my house and went away. A few days after I was diligent to search for the house where he lived and found it. When it was six o'clock, I was called into his par- lor and welcomed. As I sat on a chair in his presence he sat and wrote on a large slate, and said to me that the Secretary would give me a wooden stick leg and an apprenticeshij* in tlie Queen's Printing Office. However, I answered that I did not like to wear it, but that I would have a better cork one with springs in it. But he returned answer that it is very expensive. At last I told him that I saw a black man who had a shai*". stump not so long as mine and could walk very well with a co: one, so he gave consent and promised to tell the Secretary about it. After that he began to have a conversation about the Gospel of Christ, but I made him no answer. As soon as oar conversation was ended, his gay-dressed wife came from th^ town and shook my hand and wondered and said, how I could f rd our house. After that, he lold me that I will excuse him, *a r he must go on his business. They wished me good morning aud I left, and then he Dpened a door for mo to pass out and bowed with his hands to me. Theii my step was lighter and I went very quick, like a deer, with cnUches, and returned home, and after a few ver it much. *l slept for the night ; I welcomed the Doctor with much delight iu shaking the hands, and asked him, " What was it that caused my leg to be cut off? But Ije answered that my leg was broken ili pieces and I would have bled to death. Then he left me and went away. After having spent with Mr. Fuller three days, where I had a conversation and was much charmed with his du !.b daughter. I also visited all the good villagers, who treatei nio very hospitably ; they gave me some clothes. I went into the Station, whore I met with a kindly reception from the same Conductor, and he was still kind to me, so I got into the cars, which reached Yellow Creek ; how kind the Conductor was to me, and when wo parted, he lilted hishand to his forehead several times, and then went away. I went to New Cumberland, live miles, though the Conductor did not say anything for not having a ticket from me. Thereafter, I recognized a shoemaker, who could not get me a job ; before the loss of my leg, he showed by his face, he was sorry for my affliction, and could not talk to me and walked with me to the river, where I took a small boat and sailed to the other shore. From that, he di;*ected me to the house where my uncle William lived lor a short way, but I was sur- prised in my feeling to learn that he has removed from the lolty hills two miles from there. As I came into the house and found my uncle's wife and cousin were alone, and were surprised at my coming from the tar country ; cousin asked me if I brought a letter from my mother for them. She looked upon me ',vith a gloomy face when I told her I had not, and perhaps to think that i might have ran from my mother, so she promised to write a letter to her to see if my statement was true ; but she did not. Now w^hy did I not get a letter for them ? Because I was afraid that it would be spoiled with wet trom the sun in walking so much if I put it in ray pocket. The next morning after breakfast, I walked up long rising hills through the forests, but half distance I sat very pleasaut on the grass and noticed a bright gold lizard ; at lirst 1 felt afraid and thought 'it was venomous, and in a short time after 1 took courage and caught hold of it with my hands, and found it was harmless ; it was a beautiful vertebrated animal. After that I came into George's house, in which my cousin and her female visitor were alone, but George was out at work. She welcomed me with much delight, and after a short conversation, when she show« d me the portrait of my brother William in his uniform ; I said to her that ho was very proud and ungrateful to my mother and myself. She did not believe me. After these things, when I had v/ulkcd for some yards from the house. I found George, who was very busy in ploughing with m 70 ii m imiy his horses in the iichl. After his work ho went with me to supper and there we sat round to eat, when I saw by their looks tliat they appeared a little sorrowful, as I judged well by their faces. The next day I wrote a letter and forwarded it to my mother by post, as 1 had not received one from he". After having seen jiil my freinds in this village, and also Manchester, to where I could' walk, ten miles and back, with the crutches. I used to take a walk for pleasure, and though I would attempt to hop with one leg and two crutches up the high hill, it was with great dif- ficulty, as it was about 700 feet high ; I was glad when 1 was on the summit. Afterwards I descended down the hill ; I did not fall. The people wondered at me very much, anions them wore one who told me that I could boat him very well. After that I went into the large boat which was propelled with steam by a single wheel at tlie stern ; it is quite common on the rivci . One of the men on board showed me everypart of it, after which I told him that I wanted to go to Pittsburgh, which is sixty iiiles from here, but he answered that I better took the cars, which run much swifter than this boat. I thought so too. At sundown 1 retunii 1 home, where I spent with my nncle the whole week. I told my cousin that I must go away now, and J wished them Ji good morning, but she begged that I would not go but stay with her longer. However, I could not bear to do so, for fear that I may be late to go to the Printing Office in Quebec. Thereul'ter I walked a short way to the station, and I felt great heat from the sun which was very great. I also had on two shirts, which made things worse. In a short time after I took the green train, which began to start when the bell rung, and bore me along the beauti- ful Ohio river to Pittsburgh, in the State of Pennsylvania. A conductor gathered the tickets from the passengers, and found that I had got none ; he was very angry and wrote on his pocket- i)ook and said that " I must pay at Weliesville." 1 was disap- ])ointed and told him that I thought the Station Master told him to give me a rid«, but he Laid " No." I said to him the Eailway Company did not give me anything for running over my leg by the cars. However he had no pity for me, and left me and went away. I began to be afraid and wrote on a piece of paper that I was trying to get as much money as would purchase an artificial leg, aiid also hoping the Eailway Company would give mo some assistance. At last he answered that as I had no ticket Avhen the accident happened, they would give me nothing. How happy v/as 1 when he missed liie when 1 arrived in the city. Every- thing was strange to me, and I did not know any one. How 1'vipless was I, but the Lord opened a way for me. I had great diiiiculty to find a place where to sleep ; I went to a number of lioicls, but found they had no place for me, and their charge was high. 71 vory uiLHi. At the timo it was about two o'clock a. m., I went into a larL'c luansiou house whore Iwas kindly rcccivoM, to sleep and breakfast. One morning I went to the Station, m which J stood close 'o the window office, and wrote a i)aper to tlie Master and said that " I wished to go to Philadelplria," but he answered that it is ten dollars, and it 1 cannot pay, better go and see tl.c Superintendent, who may give me a free ticket one mile troui here Soon after I walked on the track through the street where the 'Engineer who performed the Steam Locomotive Engine, Hhowed by his face pity for me, and throw his halt dune t.» the .n-ound, from which I took and thanked him tor his kindiu^s. After a long walk I was directed and went up stairs into the olticc wliore I found a genteel lad who was alone, engagcl as an opera- tox- in the telegraph office, as I opened the door. I wrote on some teleoraph papers on the desk and told him many things what 1 wisffed; andhe talked with me for a long time about the remarks with pleasure. When his master came, he told me 1 must ell liim about my wishes to him, and after that 1 was informed that I nii.rht pay at least five dodars for a ticket. However, I coulc not and told the master that I would therefore walk ii distance ot 336 miles to Philadelphia, if you did not give me a ticket, and ho returned to me, " Why did not I get some assistance tor the oss of my leg, and must go and ask the Railway Company ? Lut I did not tell him that it was my own tault lor not having a ticke when I attempted to jump on the cars whilst in motion. At last he told me that I had bettor go to see the overseer ot the poor, who might give me five dollars to buy a ticket, but I could not. I be-aed hini to speak to the Conductor to take me m the cars, but fie told me ho would not. When I saw there was no use m tryin' o get a ticket I left him and went out ot the <>ffice down stiirsTto tike a walk very ^quick tlii-ough the beautitul sea teved streets one mile to the station; as I camo ^fof^^^l ^;\\\ '^ master if he would buy a copy of my mothers book, which 1 blight from Bedford, ^is m/mothor had left t-m and he said "Yes-" I sold ^Min one and he gave me hali-a-dollai toi it When'he lad paid me he then returned the book. Was not Sveiy Idnd?^ Also his little clerk handed more than two ve ceiL to nio out of his pocket. When it was just time lor the r.^i« to <^o to Philadelphia, I became much excited and began SentWto seaXlbr^ho Conductor, and in a little time alter I biKifn leaned against a pillar, beside the cars I wrote on a ll ad told 1dm that 1 wanted to go to Philade phia llOwever lle told ine hat I must go to the Superintendent or a ticke^but I told him al that waB done with him, but it was m vain. When I found"- .n,t difficulty to make him allow mo, so I drew a book out of my^pocket and lield it to him, who also took and read it pi li: If I r 11 : I m 72 when I told him thut my mother wrote if. After *]m ho pointed me to the ears, however he returned the book to me. llow hiipi)y I was in the cars which did bear me down the Pennsylvania llail- road to the city all night, from three p. m. till about eight o'clock a.m. When a short distance from the city, the Steam Locomotive Engine was separated and cars were drawn by ten horses with long ears, which appeared like mules. Uy and by the care made a stop under the house. I felt afraid as I came out of the cars and then walked through a ^reat many beautiful streets, and wondered to see so many city passenger cars drawn by two horses, in each which generally run on the rails of the streets in every direction ; everything was strange lo me. How helpless was I that I had no iriends, but God is very merciful to keep my health in all my troubles, so I had accomplished a journey of about 796 miles by the cars. "When I felt afraid that I did not know any person, I went to the Pennsylvania Freight Depot, in which I said to the clerk, that I came here from Pittsburgh all me 150 dollai-8. Oh, what a surprise ! as I could not afford to pay so much for it. I was informed by him where Mr. Palmer lived ? After a brief event I went down stairs into the open air and began diligently to search for the inventor, and was directed to his house, where he lived in Chesnut Street, which is chiefly occupied by the manufactories. As I came close to his door-post, 1 saw marked, " Palmer, Inventor and Surgeon Artist.'' 1 knocked at it, which was opened by a «;entecl lad. Afterwardf, he soon learned that I was dumb, and showed me artificial limbs, which I looked at very carefully, so as to see if it was well formed, as it is i.iade of willow, very light, and the joints of knee, ankle and foot arc so exactly made and put together. The inventor is not at home, but was in Boston, in the State of Massachusetts. Soon after, Andrew Osborne, Esquire, shewed his kindness and came in, and then sat on a chair before me and talked about it on a piece of paper. At first I told him that I traveled from Canada, and arrived here for the leg, as I was anxious to wear it, he answered " How did you know me ?" My friends of Toronto told me that your legs are best formed in the world, ho returned to me and said that I should pay at least 100 dollars, if I had not got 150 dollars to buy one; however I could not. "What do you think what is the ])rice you can give for one said he ? When I told him that I might pay seven dollare for it. At last I told him that the Canadian Governor's Secretary has seventy dollars and sixty cents. Ho was pleased and told m.e that it is sill rio-ht that I might pay seventy-five dollars for it. About this time. ■JiC .1 78 whoii liu lueusnred my stump, ho began to bo afraid and thought my statoniciit wa« not truo, eu lio wrote a letter to my mother bv noat to BOO it I might have a leg. I wotidered how he was so kind to give mo blaek clothes and buttoned boots, which appeared new, and also brought me halt-a-dollar for my mother's book. Ihen he told mo that I niust clean my hands like a gentleraau and go o barber's shop tor cutting my hair oflf, and not go in such a dirty condition Having nothing to do, 1 used to t^e a dehghtfii walk round the city, and had many beautiful views ot the squares, in which there are many squirrels, peacocks, deer, trees and tountains. 1 wondered and liked to see the pea- cocks walking in the open air, with the pride of their beauteous phunage and oxoansivo tails of aH hues, they also spread out their tails to make a We ball on the back, which is marked with spots like eyes. They appear to be happy. I went to the Taremont Park on which the white marble of the statues, tountains and great waters are situated and also an observatory on a higiA rock, all of which I wondered to see, and I met by chance a sailor who was chained with his companions in the arms. He showed by his face pity lor my atiiiction, and threv one gold dollar in my hand It struck my feeling with gladness, and I thought I would have a pleasant sail to Manayunk, so I paid six cents for fare, and took an excursion steamer, which was to carry me down on the bri<»}it bosom of the Schuylkill river, six miles distance. I felt ehited and hapuy, 1 liked to see the majestic willows and trees which shaded the old cottages, on each bank of the river which sparkled as the sun shone on it,andthe trees were all covered with green ver- dure, beautiful to behold. There are many liandfeome brid«ros which spanned this delightful river. My step was lighter, and I went very fast in every direction, and the citizens wondered at me very much, as I was in a very happy condition for to visit several buildings, Laurel Hill and Oddfellow Cemeteries, Girard Cullege, City prison, Deaf and Dumb Asylum, U. S. Mint, Kavy Yard, Independence Hall, Pa. Hospital, and also a grand review of U. S. soldiers, and visited city of Camden in the State of New Jersey, laying by the Delaware river opposite this city. I had six boots which were awfully torn, how kind some of the strange shoemakers, who gave me six boots between them ; I got them whenever I asked for them. After having satisfied my curiosity I wont into Mr. P 's house, where I found that he didn't hear from my mother, though I sent her a letter thrice. I used to ''o to his house tor some days, expecting to see if he has got a letter from her. Therefore, I wrote in a piece of paper and said to Mr O , that I mnstg-o home immediately, andeould not bear to stay here longer. Av hen he read it, he went to the Inventor, who u had roturnocliroiu Boston lately, just then, Mr. O- — told mo that I must stay here for tho lei? which would soon bo ready tor me, ami then I could walk with it. At length, when my leg was made, tho tradesman put the socket of the leg m order, to see it it was fitted to my stump. Exactly two or three clays clai)8ed wlion I became accustomed with it. Mr. O said to ine that you by Express. After having said so, I went mto the boarding houso With the paper which he wrote and showed it to tho landlordjWho also took and read it, though ho made mo no answer. At tirst I asked him that I wanted to know what charge will I pay tor nearly three weeks. Six dollars was his reply ; instantly I was surprised and told him that it is such a high price, and begged to .rive him two dollars, but he refused, and changed his manner, and said to me, that you must pay me eight dollars ; ! wondered how sly he was and wounded my feeling and grieved me much. At last I said to him, Why did you not tell me such a high, price/ But ho answered to me that Mr. O told you about it, and it vou would not pay that, I will tell him to pay me, so I jnit my iiands in my pocket and drew out the full silvers, and put them on tho counter in tho presence of him who showed his face un- kind, and counted to the amount of eight dollars, besides about six dollars which I had left in my pocket. In fact, I came out ot it and went with a gloomy countenance to the Inventor s house, and told Mr. O about the money, then he made ine under- stand by the motion of his head, that I ought not be uneasy about it, ho tiien Handed four shillings into my hand, and I bade him o-ood evening. After that I came out ot it and walked very quick for some little distance to the President's house, where I went up stairs and opened the door. I found that the clerks were busy writing in the office, and asked one of them that I wished to have a free passage to Toronto. I was conducted by one of them totlie next room, where the President of the Company used to o his duty, but he was not there. Some minutes afterwards i wa.i called into his presence, ho Avas writing at a desk; the Station Master stood before him. The President said to me, " Why did yon come here from Toronto without money and without friends ?" I answered to him that I only came to look for a leg, and that the kindness of the inventor would give me it for seventy-live dollars. Again he said to me that you had better go to New York, which is the nearest way forme to go to Toronto. At last I would not agree, and said to'hiinthat "I must go to Cleveland to obtain suiao assistance from the llail'vay v,o. who belonged to Pittsburgh Line, when the accident happened to me, but he CO ])ity for r was shut excited to in and tol President. that you \ had l)ettei the condui went to h) the Condii versing w burgh, he cordingly was I to f] seen with (juest, and cars wliicl a long disl soon as tii tho beauti the river c and seven to see a n boats croE aqueduct United St{ Conductor the city, tl and a])pea kindness. I ihouglit disappoint seiiger car courage a went close ground, ar the crutchi I had Son liquors but boy, and d nie. Aft( got in the which wer and Iiore ( among tilt 75 but he conld not ^ivo mo a ticket. The Station Master showed pity lor mo by lifting lu's liead as I opened the door. Alter it was shut uj) 1 went down stairs witli fear, and becamo much excited to walk very quick to tlio inventor's lionse. As J camo in and told Mr. () that 1 cannot receive a ticket from the President, he returned me an answer, why didn't you tell him that you would go to Pittsburgh, and if you cannot get free you liad l)etter get into the cars without even asking anything from the conductors, so I determined to do so. I left Ids house and wont lo look for tlio cars. As soon as I found them, I looked for tlie Conductor, and observed him on the jdatform, as he was con- versing Avith a gentleman. I entreated him to taKo me to Pitts- burgh, he told me I must go to the office of the Station ; I ac- cordingly did 80, and as I went close to his window, how surprised was I to find that the Master was the same gentleman that 1 liad seen with the President. ITc; very kindly consented to my re- (juest, at]d told him to take me. I'low h ppy I was in the freight cars which were drawn by ten horses through the market street, a long (Hstance to the country whore the Steam Engine was ; as soon as tliey were attached, they began to run along the side of the beautiful ])ank uf Susquehanna Kiver and Canal, and crossed the river over a magnilicent bridge, three thousand six hundred and seventy feet in length. But what astonished me much was to see a number of small rocks in the river, and also the canal boats crossing the river on a bridge, this I was told was an atjueduct filled full of water. There are no pine trees in the United States like Canada. When I became hungry and told the Conductor that I am sorry I did not bring victuals with me from the city, the passengers gave me some which refreshed me much, and ai)peased my hunger, and gave mo much pleasure for their kindness. Now why did not I get food from the city ? Because I thought the cars would remain at Pittsburgh all night, but Avas disa])polnted that they did not run quick as the same as the pas- senger cars. During the time the cars stood at Altoona, 1 took cuiu-iige and hopped out of the cars without the crutches, and went close to the Conductor who was talking with men on the ground, and he .smiled at me, so lie ordered tho other to get mo the crutches, and then the Conductor took me to the hotel, where I had something to eat. When the landlord gave me some liquors but I would not drink it ; he told me that I was a good boy, and do not drink any strong liquors, which are too bad for nie. _ After that I was informed by him that I must in a hurry got in the cars, for it will soon start". So did I, and took the cars, wliich were drawn by two Steam Engines, and went full speed, anit iiore cuiuioeu the Alleguany MountaiMS, and took its course amoiig the mountains by keeping along tho deep indentation I ^ V 70 made by tlio watore oftho littlo Juiii'ta,uutU ut Tyrone city, i20 miles troiti the Eastern toriuinuB, it ontorcd ruckahoo viUa^'e, botwoou the chief ran^'o of tho Alle^'lmiiicB and Brush un'^.t^u, ; the aecont oftho mountain is tho grcatcbt achievement .1 i. u- ^ad engineoruiK that tho world has ever behold I ir; iHOii ir i ^ the .rreat black tunnel, which is perforated through the r^ ^kr s do ot the mountain, and forms an oxcavatior three-tourthi ^ ' > lo in lencth. I was surprised that tho Conductors were cl i_,cd at ono oftho stations, but *ho now one did not say a ythi • to mo for not having a ticket. It is supposed that the li. V nductor told him so. A jout tho middle of the night, the two Steam Engines were separated, and the ono engl.iv. pushed tho la. t car, in which 1 took a seat and faced the big funnel ; and a largo lamp, which was brilliantly illuminated and looked at mo, and wo proceeded to rittsburgh, soon light appeared. When tho cars arrived at tho station in the morning, I began to be frightened, for the people have soon mo before I went to Philadelphia, and walked up the track to the Superintendent's house quite fearless, in which I found the samo lad that I had seen when I was on my journey to Philadelpliia. lie was surprised by my coming, and I told him that tho Conductor had kindly taken mo from here to I liila- delphia. Ho answered that I suppose you had paid him live ^ dollars to go. I answered "Oh noi" and this with emphasis, f Again ho said " What was his appearance ?" I told him so. At last ho believed mo a^d said all was t/ue. Then he said, '• What made you return to this place «" I intend going to Cleveland . see whether tho Eailway Company would give mo some assist- ance. He nodded his head, so as to say all right. Also, I was informed that he do not belong to Pittsburgh Line. After an account, I left him and descended down stairs and walked oft us fast as I jould, and searched for all the Superintendents and Con- ductors, but all was in vain. As I sat on the platform with a heart full of sorrow, I found the same Conductor who had given mo a ride from my uncle's village to this city, and took courage and cried loud a few yards from him ; as soon as ho heard the noise, he walked atid'came close to me, and read on a small slate what I wrote, and said to him, " Are you going to Bedford with the cars ?" Oh y os ! I said " Will you take mo to it with j on V He left mo and went on after having sliakcd his head, "No!" which made mo feel maddened. I hardly begged him, but he wrote in a pocket-book " to do his duty.'' 1 told him that I would give him ono dollar, but he answered tli-it you better have a ticket to go to Bedford 'i Thereupon I was in tears, and told an elegantly dressed gentlemen to ask him about iny request. So t.^ did it but in vain. When I lost sii'lit ot'hiin, and after that time I got into tho steam engine and said to the Engineer, "What made th peoide w on tho tri for tho cf ho might not go to away A no** Supe j,other Ik to Bedfo which us ask tho b so, but li furious V( him, and after, wh through J came froi duotor cs ho saw ir about an happy tl brakesmf brakes ar also saw painted r When th I jurapet, finger, w cross. A cut at W which w{ train wit seat. W full rapic of the tra fat, big n found tin face, and and poin dei*stand to one of tho big 1 Then he on his dii near to ir 77 jity, 1-20 village, i,\ili tiid in I J tlio " s'do of I n-'lo in i'-a^.ed at • f to mo ) Juctor Engines ill which p, which roccc'led •rived at for the il walked in which r iourney id I told to riiila- liini live miiJiasis. 1 80. At 1, " What veland • me assist- Iso, I was After an :cd off as and Con- in with a lad given k conrago leard the mall slate Iford with ith \ ou V id, "No!" m, but he im that I etter have nd told an piGst. So aft(ir that 3r (( What made the Engineers to lot the steam engines to run over the peojde who conld not ioar, and nearly killea me while tliey walked on the track? Ihit ho made mo no answer. When it was time for the cars to start, ho told me I better ask the Coiuhictor whether he m'ght give ine a ride. So T did it, but he said the cars would not go to Bedford, He left mo and got into the carg, and wont away Aftv. r searching some tim^ 1 could neither lind Conductors no** Superintendents, co T did not know where to go. I was alto- <:,ether lielpless. L" I did not get assistance, 1 could not proceed to Bedford. When the time came +')r the next train to start, which used to run between Wheeling and here, T got on it to ask the brakesman to speak to the Couductor. When thev did so, but lie looked harshly and refused my request, and saici in a furious voice, no — no — no several times. But I woidd not obey him, and determined to sit on the seat quite learless. Shortly after, when this train began to start, and yrossed the Ohio rive* through a great bridge, which was dimmed with ..iuoke, which came from the Cotton Factories. At a short distance, the Con- ductor came to collect the tickets from the passengers. As soon he saw me, he fixed his eyes upon mo for a moment and turned about and walked away without saying a word to me. I was so hoppy that he was not angry with me and missed me. The i)rake8men, in order to arr ie me, showed how he managed the brakes and the wheels, ana at the same time how dangerous. I also saw in the distance, of a train railroad cars which wore painted red and looked beautiful ; the roads ran into the country. When the conductor showed his new penknife to the brakesmen, I jumpet. Tom the sent to see about it, and pointed to it with my finger, which made him laugh ; however he war pleased and not cross. A brakesman told me that I must be very careful to get c .it at Wellesville, for the next train will take me to Bedford, which was fifty miles distance to the villlage. I got in the next train without asking anything from the Conductor, and took a seat. When it began to start, and ran 160 miles to Cleveland, at a full rapid rate, about forty or fifty miles an hour. Tlie Conductor of the train had a hareh expression of countenance, and was very fat, big man, well dressed. In his rounds collecting the tickets, he found that I had got none. 1 made a funny expression with mv face, and lifted my finger t6 my chin, as much as to say " beard,^' and pointed in the direction of Wellesville. He could not un- dei-stand what I meant, and he smiled and turned his back on me to one of the passengers, who told him that the Conductor with the big board had given me a ride from the city to the village. Then he left mo anil walked into the door, through the platform, on hia <\\\\y. Again lie collected the tickets, and afterwards drew near to me'! But what was my surprise to know he was angry n Ml 78 with me I iudged by his face, and wi'ote on a slate and said to I^mthat «Vn going to Bedford,^' hut he answered that I will noUe tie ci^ stSp for you at Bedford. At last I told hi.n about tlie Railway Company, and my affliction and only had hve dol- ars which 1 had in my pocket. He left me m his anger, and IS T while he broiight a ticket and showed uie the word '' Alli'mce " So he sat and talked with the passengers conccrn- in.fine. Aft3r that he lelt them and went about his business. Wiien I lost sight of him, I touched the feelings of him who turned his baclt to me. I told him that 1 wanted to know what he told him ; he returned for answer from him that I had better cet out at Hudson Station, for this train would not stop lor me. 1 would not believe this. Becoming tired and not having nothing to do, I looked out of the window to see whether I could recog- nize' the Bedford Stp.tion. I did so and lost sight of it, for the train ran at full speed. Oh, how unhappy was 1, and ths thought came into my mind that I would jump out of the cars through pretence, which only made the Conductor frightened. I began lo rise from the seat, and walked close to the door, but it was with great difficulty, as my whole body was shaken. When tlie brakesman and one passenger saw "^e, they pushed me aown on the seat, and said that I would be killed if I did ^O' /he^^^^^^^^ ductor stood on the platform, looked sour and scolded thiou^h the window to me. I was informed that I can get a nde in tne next train, at the coal yard. I then hastened down the stai.>, without the sight of the Conductor, but instantly he found me, and ---nt the rope for the bell 1^ ring; however he wo"hl not let the cars to start, for fear that I might be killed, until I got to the ground safely. The train passed my side and I wem away 1 pidced up all my crutchcc from the ground, to which 1 hicNv frim the platform of the train, and then walked up the radroad, wh-ro the next tram passed me at once. Alter a ;valk, two miles to tile first turn, where the wooden tree marked Railway Grossing stood, the milk cart came, and I entreated a boy, who granted me leave and took me, which bore me on our way to^ the big brick farm houso, and here I slept for the night. I vvas mtormed that they were Dutch. At sunrise, it was Sabbath, I walked upon the road as last as I could three miles, and came in sight^ of Bedford • this was al)0ut nine miles from tb^ coal-yard, and nvo iised to take a iavorlte walk, and met a Conductor who was talkincr wiih the crowd of villagers about me ; I was surprised 1 thanked him bv lilting my head, and he smiled and then walked av/ay. Ho had brought a great many children irom Cleveland ". 'M-^ " said to at I will m about ive (loi- ter, and le word concern- business, liin who ow what id better • for me. f nothing id rccog- ;, for the ) thought through I began it it was i^hen the down on The Con- through ide in the he staivs, ound me, iTould not il I got to »nt away. 1 1 threw railroad, two miles r Crossing 3 granted the big informed I walked n sight of , and iivc nds house, Philadel- )xt day I who was prised. I on walked Cleveland 79 in the cars, on a pleasant excursion. The same time I walked on the track, not far below the station for pleasure, as I could not hear, and not liaving seen the cars, l)ut suddenly the Station Master drew me out of the track, by touching the feeling of my back. But what was my surprise, that I saw the last cars ran slowly and passed me. He told a gentleman how I was nearly killed. He was surprised about it, when I was in the station to see me. I stood on the platform. I recognized the next Conduc- tor, who stood on the baggage car, and then pointed to the cars. So he lifted his head so as to allow me to ge'^ in the cars. He had given my mother and myself a free passage in the time of my affliction. So I did it, which bore me fourteen miles to the city. He wrote on a paper to me and said, " Where does your mother live?" In Toronto. He wondered and went on his business. Duriuf^ my arrival in the city. I then walked and was directed by tlie citizens to the Superintendent's office, where I waited for some minutes. When he came to his work, I wrote in a piece of paper and said, is your name Mr. Cull ? Yes ! I replied that I had lost my leg in trying to get on to the care. But he pointed to the door and signed that I better go out now. Again 1 said, did you hear that the train ran over my leg on Pittsburgh Line at Bedford ? Yes ! Then I attempted to tell him about wanting assistance, and he was very angry and said, " If you trouble me so much about it, I will tun; you out of my office if you again do so." However, he liked to talk with me, but not about the assistance. Shortly after the same Con- ductor that liad given me a passage from here to Yellow Creek lately, and I talked with him. I welcomed him, and at first he was pleased to look kindly on me, but he afterwards changed his manner, because the Superintendent told him about me. I again repeated my request for a free ticket to Buffalo. Afterwards, he said that he did not belong to it, and gave me directions to the next office. I left with grief and went down stairs, and walked as I was directed to the office, where I found the next Superin- tendent, who was busy at his duty, and I entreated him. After that lie said, "What made you return hero from Toronto ? I an- swered that Mr. CuUoch refused to give me some assistance for the loss of my leg. He showed by hi? face pity for me, and sign':>d my name on a free ticket ; he thanked by his head to me as I opened the door. I went down stairs and walked ofi' as fast as I could, and pasped a beautiful fountain which spouted water, and came one mile in sight of a rich house and garden, where Dr. Ackley lived. I lifted my eyes and saw a widow who popped her liead through tl)o open window and enquired what is the matter. But she didn't know that I was dumb. Soon after she camo outside the door. I said that your husband amputated my 80 leg at Bedford. She said that he died some weeks ago. There were many little children soon collected to see me as I was talking with her. She called me into her house, and o-avo me a seat on a chair ; when she brought a shirt, but 1 would not take it, for all its buttons were oif. At supper she brought mti water and some slices of bread, but I retused to drmk water, and said that I want to get some tea, so she did it, Just atl;erward, I said that your husband charged ine fifty dollars tor cuttino- my leg off. I was informed that he did not tell her any- thin o- about it! I went from her and walked for a few yards Miroiigh the gate, where some of the little children, who stood at the iron railings, and gave me some bk^^k cherries. A gentleman alighted from his gig on the road, ana gave me halt-a-dollar. 1 c- lid hov/ did vou know me. He continued that I only pity you in your affliciion. So I thanked him for his kindness, and then he ac'ain got into the gig and went away. I walked upon the same road very quick to the city, and took off ray coat and vest, for my shirt was all covered with wet from the sun, and I sat on the pavement and cooled myself before the crowd of gentlemen. The following morning. I then walked very slowly, for my arms felt ^'reat pain. I am sorry to say that my arms never became hrrd As I arrived in Toronto safely, after having travelled a nreat many miles, for two days. The Conductors and Captains were all very kind in their feelings ; but thanks to the giver ot HI <'ood, who opened their hearts to be kind to me. My mother was^surprised by my coming, and welcomed me with much dc- IWht. And I said to her with a gloomy face, "Why did you not write a letter to the Inventor, as I staid in x^hiladeiphia, so lon^' expected for one from you? She answered that the Secre- tary had gone away into the country, but my brother William would not. After some days, I went into Captain Scott s house, and told him my success about Palmer leg in Philadelplua, so he ofTi-eed and promised to tell the Secretary, when he should retuni h. me from the country. When the Secretary cane home, after a few days, and also was informed of all particulars about my request by Captain Scott. So he wv> plea 3c. i and w ote ft letter, and sent it by post. As soon us he recei\e.: ur\ fiT;.wer, in whic' the Inventor said that the Secreta-y must *•' w^l «eventy- five dollars at first, for an artificial leg, X was informea by my mother, that she had been at the govemm-'m house, that ho won- dered how I could find the Inventor's hou . The money was sent and in due time the leg arrived bh: ti wa; detained tor nearly a whole month in the Custom House, theiv bem^ twenty dollars of duty on it. At last, through the k'uuaess of the gen- tlemen and perseverance of the worthy Sergear/. it was got out free ni"l great was the excitement of mc wlien i st.w it. lint time 81 this was not the only kindness shewn me in the government dc- partn_ent, for they also decided to take • le into tlic Queen's Printing in Quebec. One day I went ii^jo the house where Sergeant Smith lived, by whom I was told, " Why did I not give him a subscription list ? You was impudent and not come to my house any more. Nearly a month passed. He brought the leg covered with a newspaper into my house, and smiled aslie handed it out to me. When I was accustomed to walk with it for some time ;i I took a long walk with great difficulty, it was tiresome with one crutch and a little stick, for I lifted"' the leg as it wore my stump, on account of its shortness, and came to tlie station, where I took the cai*s and went to Bradford. From that place l»y mail stage, I was brought a distance of ten milr;s to a red big farm house, where my okl acquaintance, Williai. Law lived. I alighted from it, and went through the wor-den gate whifh. was opened by his daughter, who brought me for dinner. After that, one of his sons then walked with me througli the field?, wliicli was covered with fall wheat, and I scrjimblod over several fences. Dear friends, I can climb over the feixces very well v/iili one leg by myself. We came to my uncle's brother Thomas' house, and then to the next house where my uncle lived. After giving iliem an excellent surprise, I,wf).s welcomed and spent there some days. One bright morning I took pleasure in a walk through the fields*, but my aunt said that I must be very careful not to go into another field, for fear of the great bull who would gore me, anwed" by another steamer, which had accompanied us from Kingston. Wo passed beneath the great Victoria Bridge, which extends from Point St. Charles to Nun'd Island, nearly two miles, liut what took our attention, was the beautiful Island oi' St. Ileltns, where my mother first met with my esteemed father, thirty yeara ago. When wo arrived at Montreal, my mother got all her things on board the next Steamer Columbia, and had to wait till five, p. m. We went into every part, and saw many of the pretty buildings and good wharfs, and I was told by my mother that tho city is very unlike what it was thirty years ago, before I was born. The night was beautiiiil, not a cloud obscured the mild light of the full moon ; die steamer left Montreal at sl\ p. m., andjwo sail- ed down tho river to the ancient city of Quebec, and came in 1 34 sldit of the f'reat frowning precivico called Capo Diamond, on which the Citadel is built. The line of strong- fortifications oi the Citadel crown the top of the rock. The officers' barracks face tlie river. There are large guns pointing to the river, all very curious to me. We landed at the Napoleon wharf, at five p. m. It was very wet and Quebec looked very gloomv. My mother sent me'to a boarding house to get breakfast, while she went to look for apartments in Upper Town. She then returned and brought nic and the bairgage. It was frightful to see the horses climbing up the rocky "streets. We got apartments in Nouvelle Street, which is the principal street in St. Louis Suburbs. From our windows we had a beautiful view of the bay, the North Channel and tlie river St. Charles, the Falls of Montmorenci, in the dis- tance, from which a large range of mountains extend round a vast space of country, in front of which, on the level land, are many beautiful villages, chiefly inhabited by French Canadians. Ihere are two, named U]n)or and Lower Lorette, one of which is inliab- ited by Indians. They are very hospitable, and fond of the Brit- ish government. They have a cannon which they fired in honor of the I'rince of Wales, when he went to see them. I also saw the Prince, Duke of Newcastle, Lord L^rons and his suit, thrice, and also the grand procession of well uniformed Indians, and also six large steamshi})s, one of which I wondered to see, a great gun boat " Nile." I was pleased to see some Martes Towers, Citadel and the ]ilain of Abraham, where General AVolfe fought and was killed. My friend, Mr. T , who lives beside Wolfe's Monu- ment, shovved me the spot where the hero died. There was many cannon balls in his garden, which had been firing at the taking of Quehec. My mother has one at homo now. I also beheld the great monument on the Bcllvede road, which is raised oyer the bones of many who fell in the engagement. I also visited the Falls of Monti'norenci, which is nine miles from here, during the Queen's birthday. I was informed that the Suspension Bridge was broken, while one man and wife and their child, drove the waggon off, through it ; they fell down the Falls and were drown- ed, lor they could not be picked up. When we were some months in Quebec, I longed to go to work, but was much surprised when the printer told the Secre-^ tary that he could not take me into the office, ia consequence of his bein<'' afraid, thinking that I cannot understand it. This made me very^sorrowful, for my mother had given up a good school in Toronto, and laid out iniich money in bringing us to Quebec ; because the Secretary told her if she brought us to Quebec, I would certainly be taken into the office. He was sorry and wanted me to choose some other trade, but I would not do so, and liked the printing best, and I prayed earnestly to God to give 85 the printer a kind heart that he ml^ht take me, so tliat I could learn a trade. So he did it. The foreman, a French Canadian, was very kind to learn me type setting. I was quick to take it up. But when I had worked eleven months, my eyes failed and I be- came almost blind. When I was in the Hotel Dieu Hospital for the atftiction of my eyes. It is the finest one for the patients. The French Canadian nuns and priests were very kind to mo, he brcuffht a great many priests to see the wonder of a cork leg whic 1 I wore, and how I could write. When the nun tried to reff)rm me in .''er catholic religion, with great difiiculty, but I persisted and would not. After that I said that how 1 found myself happy in my feeling, to know the truth, that it wiis God who forgave my sins, when I repented . H owever the priest smiled and tapped my head lightly with his bible. The nun would not believe what I said truth, and said that I am very cunning to talk about the soul. When the next nun showed his portrait to the priest. Afterwards I took and saw it. The priest said that lie is a pope. I was very bold and told him that I did not like him. He was very angry and went away, and would not talk with me lor some days. When I felt sorry what I was done with him, and entreated him to come and talk witli me, and told liim I will never talk with him about the religion, so he was pleased. Wlien I had lived in Quebec one-and-a-half years, and only an appren- tice, bound at the printing for Canada Gazette, for nearly a whole month, at five dollars per month. My mother did not like to live there, for the weather is very awfully cold, and great storm of snow during the winter, more than Canada West. There were 74 Thcrmoneter. The ground was covered with the depth of snow, about five feet, which was nearly closed over the fences. It wius very wonderful how I wore only one thin shirt and the clothes like summer's fashion, on account of lifting my artificial U'g, as it wore my stump, which made me to feel warm in walk- in