SMAGE EVALUATION TEST TARGET (MT-S) Y / / O <. ,^i^.. :/. 1.0 I.I us Ihb 6" 2.0 1.8 IL25 |||||_U ill 1.6 V] ^'^ /a .»\> "4V^ /A '/ Photpgraphic Sciences Corporation 23 WEST MAIN STREET WEBSTER, N.Y. 14580 (716) 872-4503 CIHM/ICMH Microfiche Series. CIHM/ICMH Collection de microfiches. Canadian Institute for Historical Microreproductions / Institut Canadian de microreproductions historiques Technical and Bibliographic Notes/Notes techniques at bibliographiques The Institute has attempted to obtain the best original copy available for filming. Features of this copy which may be bibllographlcally unique, which may alter any of the images in the reproduction, or which may significantly change the usual method of filming, are checked below. L'Institut a microfilm^ le meilleur exemplaire qu'll lui a AtA possible de se procurer. 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Original copies in printed paper covers are filmed beginning with the front cover and ending on the last page with a printed or illustrated impres- sion, or the back cover w'len appropriate. All other origi.'-.« signifie "A SUIVRE", le symbols V signifie "FIN". Les cartes, planches, tableaux, etc., peuvent Atre film6s d des ta'jx de reduction diff^rents. Lorsque le document est trop grand pour dtre reproduit en un seul cliche, il est film6 i partir de Tangle sup6iieur gauche, de gauche d droite, et de haut en bas, en prenant le nombre d'images ndcessaire. Les diagrammes suivants illustrent la mithode. : 1 2 3 1 2 3 4 5 6 c TWi fc."JW,«*--''('R!nr.si!ii:im!Uiis«fc- , DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE CENTRAL EXPERIMENTAL FARM OTTAWA, CANADA BULLETIN No. 24 RESULTS OBTAINED IN 1895 FROM TRIAL PLOTS OF IMPORTANT FARM CROPS MARCH, 1806. <■ Published by direction ov tub Ho.v. W. II. Montague, Minister of AGiucui/ruiiE. I' ! - ! i i P. '\ ' S i <- ■?. ■i i Mil II 'fe' 1' :i i ! 1' [■ Ml 1 .Ml wm ,,■■1 a'.«fcigaff a.^a.E^ i::'^"^!'fl*« ' "?« i?" To tho IIonouralT^o Tho Minister of Agriculture. Sir,— 1 have tho honour to submit for your approval Bulletin 24 of tho Experimontal Farm Borios, which has boon prepared by myscli. In this bulletin will bo found the results of a largo number of exporiments which have boon carried on at all tho experimental farms during 1895 with oats, barley, spring Avheat, pease, Indian corn, turnips, mangels, carrots and potatoes in uniform test plots. This work has been under- taken for the purpose of gaining information as to the relative pro- ductiveness of the many varieties under trial and their earliness of maturing. I trust that the information submitted, covering the results obtained under most of tho more important climatic variations found in the Do- minion, will be useful to farmers everywhere throughout Canada. 1 have tho honour to be, Your obedient servant, WM. SAUNDERS, Director Experimental Farms. Ottawa, llth March, 1895. )f 11 ts )5 Is, sr- ■o- of d 1)0- RESULTS OBTAINED IN 1895 VKOM TRIAL PLOTS OF IMPORTANT FARM CROPS By Wm. Saundkrs, IMI.S.C, F.L.S., F.C.S., Director Expei'lnntital Favnis. Early in 1891 a sories of uniform oxi)c;rimcnts was plantiod, to bo carried on at all the oxpcii mental farms for growing in special plots, side \>y side on land of uniform character, many diilcrontsortsof oats, barley, wheat, pease, corn, manj^els, carrots, turnips and potatoes. The seed of each variety selected has been of uniform quality and ail from the same source, a sufficient quantity having; been procured at the Central Farm and from thence distributed to the Bi'unch Farms, Instructions wei'o given to sow the plots of oats, barley and wheat as early as practi- cable after the land was in fit condition to receive the seed, and suitable directions sent as to the sowingor planting of the other plots and the quan- tity ol'seod to be used in each case. The land selected for the purpose was to be as uniform in character as could be found, all the plots of one sort to be side by side and to be sown on the same day or the day following. The main object in view in undertaking this work was to ascertain I the relative yield of these different sorts under uniform conditions and their time of ripening in the different climates in which they were grown. These tests have been continued with more or less completeness from year to year since 1891, and a large number of useful facts recorded, which have been presented at the close of each season in the Annual Re])orts of the Experimental Farms. This information has proved of great practical value to farmers in different parts of the Do- minion many of whom have been guided in the selection of seed by the results obtained from these tests of varieties. Since there is a general de- sire that this information be given each year in time to aid the farmer in his work during the following season, and it does not seem practicable to complete and issue the Annual Keport sufficiently early to serve that pui'pose, this bulletin has been prepared in which the results obtained during 1895 are given in a condensed form. In these pages there will be found side by side the crops produced from all the varieties tested at each of the experimental farms, also the average of the crops at all the farms. The average time required for the maturing of the different sorts of grain in each case is also given. The varieties are all arrangeu in the order of their productiveness at the Central Experimental Farnc at Ottawa. r' I t \ V ii. ■■: n .1 >■ I (:. ,i I •IM OATS. Forty-four variotios of oats have been under ti-inl c]\irin<; IKDf), iho size of Iho plotn wore |\th aero each at Brandon, Man. and Inditin Head, N. VV. T. and ..-jth acre each at Ottawa, Out. Nappan, N. S. and Aj^iis.siz, B.C. Tlio (|uaiitity of seed Hown of each variety was in the proportion of twobuHheis ))or aero and the dates of aowing were as follows : — Ottavu, 2I)Lh and 30th April; Nnpp m, HrdMay; Brandon, 22nd April ; Indian Head, 23rd April, and Ai^assiz, 23rd April. UNIFORM TKST PLOTS OF OATS. Yield a t the S everal Plxiierii nental Number of Days Name of varioty. 1' 'armt, !>eaHon of 1895 • X from Sowing to Marves ting. Il i 3 4-1 c n 5 .2 d .-" 'x ir. to is 'A 5" 5 '75 •n '^■. 6 'A M M ^. *r| O CO y. in 2; to hH < y< ^ 'i ^ ji _: J •r m p ^ « "x X "^ 'fj rr. ir. ■n ■I /J m >^ >. >» ¥^. >% >> J J2 3 1^. 3 3 r? rt rt rt 7j :i ^ ^ M ^^ ;q s M 1— 1 'A 3 1^ Q O Q a a ^ 1 I-^iiinicr 74 73 i 54 5(} 24 101 79 6 90 14 108 28 48 43 3 28 73 72 21 12 98 98 105 107 124 128 1.30 137 120 120 115g 118 2 Almiiiliiiito :i Aiiifi icaii lleauty. 72 12 ()4 24 96 6 101 16 42 22 75 16 KtO 107 128 134 120 li7i^ 4 lm|in,\((l Ligowo. 70 20 54 24 81 K) 87 22 40 3U 67 2 99 105 128 133 118 llC.if ij (ioldfii liuaiity (>!) 4 69 14 83 28 1U4 4 47 12 74 26 101 105 129 l.S.S 121 117* 1) (Joluinljus (it) 4 59 14 91 26 102 2 38 8 72 4 100 104 128 137 120 117* 7 AiiicruiinTriuinpli 08 18 36 16 (i8 8 85 34 26 58 24 100 115 134 1.36 125 122 s NVhitc Russian (17 32 60 86 1() 75 34 24 (i4 28 98 103 131 137 125 118* !) llavaiiaii ('.7 2 60 2() 93 8 76 ifi 42 12 67 32 100 105 124 133 120 ll(!f 1(1 Wlliti' ScllDIKJll — ()() 2 54 24 93 8 99 22 35 30 6!) 31 100 104 128 130 122 116i 1] W'idi'- Awake . . . (io 52 12 77 2 89 14 28 8 62 14 1(»2 103 134 13(; 120 119 V2 Wallis .......... (i3 28 54 24 88 18 67 12 35 10 (il 32 100 106 129 137 120 118» 18 Cream l^jJiyptian. . (i2 22 57 2 47 22 82 32 49 14 59 25 99 103 121 130 115 113U 14 Oikrl)nu'li (10 20 58 28 89 4 99 14 30 30 67 26 99 103 128 137 125 118^ 15 Abyi*iiiia GO 62 12 m 26 82 22 46 (i 67 20 98 104 128 137 121 1172 l(i Karly Cioklon I'ro- lific 59 24 72 12,93 8 73 18 48 18 69 16 97 10() 128 137 120 117? 17 »T(t!llU'ttO 59 24 52 12-81 16 78 28 37 32 62 2 102 104 136 132 120 118* IS California Prolific Ulack 59 14 .59 14 76 26 67 12 37 22 60 4 104 104 146 133 125 122" 10 Tiincolii 58 58 28 8 50 63 20 81 18 SO 26 73 70 28 46 36 26 () 62 61 12 22 97 105 104 115 128 134 131 137 120 120 IKi' 2() (Jiant Cluster 122 ^ 21 Flying Scotchmiin. 58 8 36 16 SI 6 86 16 36 16 59 26 93 99 124 130 115 112t 22 Couloiiiniifr.s black 06 16 14 4 77 12 57 12 40 55 2 115 116 13(i 141 12512(ii 23 Karlv ArchaTigil . . 56 6 44 4 88 8 88 8 48 28 65 4 88 98 126 130 118 112 24 Prolific P.lack Tar- j taiian 56 6 48 874 4 72 22 40 10 58 10 104 108 146 1.33 118 121t 25 Karly Plossoiii 55 30 ()2 12 79 14 75 45 20 63 22 103 107 134 137 121 120'. 21) Rose 81 i('j 37 32 62 8 98 104 122 137 118 115* 27 Importud Irish .55 30 57 22(i6 26 63 8 35 20 55 21 93 98 121 129 115 lllV 28 Poland i'ii) 10 4 51 54 6l(i7 2495 2 20 69 89 4 24 41 33 6 56 18 65 26 18 93 101 99 106 122 128 137 137 115 113J 2!t Holsti'in Pvolifio. . 54 120 118^ 30 I'jarlv (Jotliland. . . 52 2 6(i 1684 24 53 IS 59 14 63 6 97 106 131 130 118 lio- 31 Scottish Chiff 51 6 40 20;65 77 22 34 24 53 28 91 97 122 133 ns 112i 32 Victoria Prize .... 51 6 52 3208 "s 78 ''8 24 24,55 6 92 98 122 129 11511li- S3 Jionanza 51 6 44 24 44 24 85 10 44 24 54 4 94 103 122 133 120 114* 34 Welcome 49 48 14 28 47 54 22 41 4i57 26 32 81 50 16 10 30 36 20,. 50 7149 6 16 98 102 97 104 120 146 1.34 134 120 120 113* 35 Early Ktamjies 12li 36 Prize Cluster 48 28 43 18 60 30 73 28 36 1452 24 93 97 122 128 115 111 37 White Wonder. . . 46 6 51 16 52 2'7l 16 39 24 52 6 91 97 122 130 115 111 38 Siheriiin 45 10 38 28 87 12 86 26 30 ..i57 22 94 103 128 128 115 1135 39 Winter Grey 42 22 32 12177 281 6 31 6.52 30 94 103 128 128 115113ii 40 Hazlett's Seizi;rt', . 42 12 111 1('74 4 79 14 52 32 59 22 100 97 122 133 118114 41 Rennie's Prize 1 White 40 34 24 37 31 22 61 26 68 16 8 67 69 22 24 34 35 24 48 30,48 10 2 96 108 98 107 123 131 1.36 137 118114?- 42 White Monarch . 120 120? 43 Scotch Htjpi'towii.. 28 8 51 6(il 2()'45 20 17 2j40 26 112 113 139 137 118 123i 44 Donctister Prize. . . 16 1638 856 1660 1 4 32 2,42 16 109 106 128 137 121 120i 1. K 3 4. 5. 6. n 1 Tlio (wolvo variotioH of oats which have produood the largest crops during 181)5 at the bovcral expoiimontal farni.s arc tho following: — CkNTRAL KXPEIIIMKNTAL FaHM, OtTAWA, OnT. 1. l^iTim>r 2. AlniiKiimcc 3. AiiiciicfiTi locality. 4. linpnivi'il Iiip)wi). 5. (ic)l(l(ii I'lCiiuty. . . . (). Coliiiiilms r.r . Busli, 74 73 70 (IK (J!t Veil'. Ltjs. 4 8 12 20 4 4 VvT Acre. BuhIi. Lbs, 7. Aiiicrican Triumph (i8 8. Whiti' IJussiim (57 9. Hiu .iriiiii (i7 10. White Schnncii (i(> 11. Wi(li'-A ,vaku i;.5 12. Wallirt. (13 18 32 2 2 28 Exi'EUr.MENTAL FaRM POU THE MARITIME PROVINCES, NaPPAN, N.S. I'd" Acrt!. Busli. Lbs. Early Ooldcn Prolific 72 12 (Jolilfii r.iMuty (!!» 14 Karly Gotlilaiiii (i() 10 A iiicriciiu Beauty .. (14 24 (idldcn (Jiaut t>4 4 Giant Cluster 03 18 Per Aerfi. Busli. Lbs. Abyssinia ]']iirly P'loHsom. Paviiriau White Hu.ssian. Cdlumbus 7. H. ft. 10. 11. 12. California I'rolific, black. (i2 (i-J CO (10 .•>'.) f.9 12 11 20 14 14 Experimental Farm for Manitoba, Brandon, Man. Per Acre. Bush. Lbs. 1. Banner 101 2. American lieauty 3. llolstein Prolific 4. J5avariun 5. White Schonon G. Early Golden Prolific, 1)5 03 93 (i 20 8 8 8 Per Acre. Bush. Lbs. 7. Columbus 91 2« 8. Golden (Jiant HO 20 9. Oderbruch SO 4 10. Wallis S8 18 11. Earl V Archangel S8 8 12. Siberian .S7 12 Experimental Farm for the Noutii-west Territories, Indian Head, N.W.T. Per Acre. Bush. Lbs. 1. Abundance 108 28 7. 2. Goldi'ii P.eautv 104 4 8. 3. Columbus . . . ". 102 2 9. 4. American Beauty 101 1(> 10. .5. White Schonen 99 22 11. 6. Oderbruch 99 14 12. Per Acre. Bush. Lbs. Banner 90 Holstein Prolific 89 24 Wide- Awake S9 14 Early Archangel ^8 8 Inijiroved Ligowo S7 22 Sil)erian.. S() 26 Experimental Farm for British Colu.mbia, Aqassiz, B.C. 1. Earlv Gothland 2. Hazjett's Seizure 3. Cream Egyptian 4. J'"arly Archangel 5. Early (Jolden Prolific. . 0. Banner Per Acre. Bush. Lbs. 59 52 49 18 48 48 9 32 14 28 18 3 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. Per Acre. Bush. Lbs. Golden Beauty 47 Liiu'oln Abyssinia I'larly lilossoni Bonanza Abundance 4G 40 45 44 43 12 26 6 20 24 28 The twelve varieties which have produced the largest average crops on all the faimfl, and hence may perhaps be regarded as worthy of being placed at the head of the Hot for general cultivation, are : — 1. American Beauty 75 2. Golden Beauty 3 Banner 4. Abundance 5. Columbiis 6. White Schonen p er A (Te. B ush. Lbs 75 16 74 26 73 21 72 12 72 4 09 31 7. Early Golden Prolific . . . 8. Bavarian 9. Oderbruch 10 . AV)yssinia 11. Improved Ligowo 07 12. Hulstein Prolific. .. . ... Per Acre. Bush. Lbs 69 16 07 32 07 26 07 20 07 2 05 18 i|iih: 6 In this liittor list compriHitif,' tlio inoHt proiiusin^ viiriolios for tho whole country tlioio will bo loimd oi^'ht out of Iho twolve HortM tirf*t in productivcjiOHs ut Ottiiwii, hIx of tlio boat twolvo ut Nappun, N.S., eijijjht out of tlio boHt twolvo ut Hi'andoM, Man., nino of tho bent twolvo at ludiun Iload, N.W/I'., and live of tho bent twolvo ut Ai^asHiz, B.C. HARLKY. Tho trial of |)lotH of barloy for IS!).'') have includod thirteen diflorent 801'tH of two-rowed hailoy and fourloon of Hix-rowod. The plotH wore of tho same Hize an those of tho oats, tho quantity of seed Hown in each oaHO was two bunhols per aero, and the followinj^ wore tho dates of sowing; Ottawa, 2nd May; Nap[»an, 2nd May; Jirandon, 15th May; Indian Head, 1st ^May, and Aj^aswi/, 2-Ath April. Niiuio of Variety ^'il■lll lit the Sevci'iil I'lNp'Tiniciital l''iiiiii.s, Si'ii.siin of l.S;i."i. Xiinilici' (if i );iys from Sdwiii'' ti) liaiM stin''. a y. X. .'^ 'A >A'A >^ -^ h^ e5 ^'?; ►-; ^1 ?i Si 11 VI 13 Sidney l>iR-l<-'l)ill Iiolton Hfiivor KiciKili ('ill Aiilier . Xewtoii I'lizc I'l'olitic' 1 )aiiisii ( 'lie'.alier , Kim IT ( 'lievalier , Califoiiiia Prolific, ( 'aiiailiaii 'I'liorpe . 'I'liaiiet Ki-iil •18 87 85 85 84 i21) 5? i2C. '21! 25 21 ^20 10 24 1 .80 40 20 .s 24 44 20 ](> 24 (;o 80 20 50 (12 5() 42 41 10 14 2 1" 42 87 4 45 80 2 20 s 57 14 40 4(i 82 58 ]() 42 85 20 48 4(i S 22 44 !42 57 4(i 52 54 48 50 :^* 50 4S 50 54 4S 44 27 4 45 10 80 2 8() 3S 88 5 84 '88 1S;!!I 22 28 24 (Ml 40 82 1U2(J 14 40 J4() 25 8() 240 l(i!47 8 40 l(i 40 2S41 10 88 8087 .82!44 24 87 12 80 15 C ft 91 4| 104 04 !t7 y y 20 07 80| !)0 11 07 ('.! 08 42 1 25 81 11 04 08 08, 07 09 105 104 !»7 KHi 104 104 105 104 108 105 108 KiC. 10(1 c S^- '■'y 1051 loo; 'i()5i 108 1(18| 108 104 105' 104 1(»4 108 Id:! 121 128 125 125 125 122 127 125 127 122 122 127 110 3 a no 118 110 118 no 11 114! 118i 114 118 118 114 114 10(1? 108J lOdf 100 J- 107* lo8'i^ looV 108i 100-i losv los" \mi 108,1- Tho Howin<^ of Bolton was overlooked at Brandon, and the crop of lli<,'id was accidentally mixed with another variety in ytooking, henco particulars of the yield there of these varieties cannot bo given. Hi: ^' UMFOltM TKST I'LOTS OF SIX li<)WKI> li.AUM'.V, y> 1 4 li 7 H !( Kt li 12 V.\ 14 Niiniu of Viirifty, Mi'iisiiry I'ctMC'liura Ildval Sui.c'.s.s Odc.s.ii l)iiicl I Ml- . () T St.'llii ... N'illlL,'llill'( ( 'mmiiiiiiu Nu^fc'iit . SiiiiiMiit Surprise licilliif's Villi lit till' SiviTiil K.xpiiiiiii'iital FiiniiH, Si'iihiiii 18'.»r). e ■r: tT o 'A J- a iIh 3 a §s:. ^. rt 2 ■^y. tl /, » h4 -^ . . , , t '$. ■/; 7. ^ 'A I "(8 u 51 r.i 47 47 .14 . : 42 l-J 12 24 14 42 2 2S 4(i 44 2S 12 14; 44 28 .•i7 44 4r» 20 ir. 4(1 ri2 4 Nmnliif iif I )iiyH from Sti\( iii^f tu llaivfHtiiii,', (S :{8 k; 4;{ If. M 28 40 20 42 4 ;{i 32 .'{4 1^ 32 44 (•(8 m 0") 30 (10 48 (■..") 53 (i4 03 (18 58 05 51 43 31 41 15 51 10 15 II 37 41 42 10 38 i(i2 2! I 33 42 20 40 2(1 28 38 . . 30 40 33 32 32 2431 20 28 34 24 30 20 2(> 24 14 28 44 48 1(1 42 38 1(1 37 3(1 27 4(1 30 ■M 42 47 4 II 12 (!' 81 33140 1441 10:41 38, 47 30 11 •» 3(1 : 28 1 3(i| 2!t 24 81 78 70 7(! 83 87 82 78 7{t 80 85 84 8(1 83 d V3 JJ v. f. 3 r^ '^ 2 'A c ("a ^ 03 ".12 02 (12 02 03 00 103| 03 02! 00 103 103 04 i'A\ ?L & •/ ■r >t >i s ^ 00 11(1 01 112 07 118 87 |il8 . 081 07 07 105 05 OC !t! 0;, 08 05 11(1 11(1 122 125 11(1 11(1 110 122 122 128| 07 0(1 07 0(1 107 07 10(1 Kill 00 loo !»7iJ Wi 'MVi 01 ik ooj 08 iolt 103':i 0(1'^ 08" 10(1 l()li{ 10(1 102^ 10(i 103 07 1 OOg In these tests of variotioH of barley Honio of tlio now liybi'id^'- 8ort8 which havo been pro(luce(-l at the Exporiinental Farms niado a ^nod showing. Those both in tbo two-iowed and six-rowed groups have had a common parentage, liaving ail boon produccl troin a iiybrid obtained by fertilizing tiio Swiidish two-rowed wi'.h pollen from Baxter's six-iowed and nearly all the varieties have originated from one k(Mnel of the Swedish two-rowed thus influenced. The plant grown trom this kernel produced the first year two-rowed heads entirely, but when this seed was sown the next season it sported into a number of dillerent forms, some of which were six-rowed, some twij-rowed and others inter- mediate in character. Ty]ies of the most pi-omising of these wore chosen and the grain has since been carefully selected to conform to these types. Sporting occurred from year to year in most of these types for several j'oars, more in some than in others, the sports have been removed and rejected and now these types have become fairly well lixed. The hybrids in the list of two-rowed sorts are Sidney, Jiolton, Beaver and liigid, and those among the six-rowed sorts are lioyal, Trooper, Stella, Vanguanl, Nugent, Summit and Surprise. *The term hybrid is used when referring to new forms produced by crossinp plants which are classed by botanists as distinct species, and the word cross-bred when referring to tiio crosses produced between different varieties of the same species. \m m\. i ■i- ^ ' i if 8 \§ Two-bowed Baiu.ky, Tlio Hix variotioH of two-rowed barloy which havo produced (ho InrgoBt oroj)a diuiii^r 18',);') at tho Bovoruloxporimcntal i'uims uro tho following: — Ckntuai- Kxperimk.ntal Farm, Ottawa, Ont. Pit ilCTc. BuhIi. lillH. Si(ln(\v 4;j k; l)iu;kliill ;{7 24 liolton ;t.-) ;t() 4. BcaviT f). Fri'iicli Clicviilior., G. Newton EXPKIUMKNTAL I"'aUM KOIl TIIK MARITIME PROVINCES, NaPI'AN, N.S. Per licrr. BumIi. Jjlw, 1. Ficncli (JlicMiIicr .... 47 44 2. ("iiiiiuliiiii 'l'liur|,i.. . . 4(1 '.\2 y. Diuiiah L'lM'vitli.r 42 2-i 4. Prizo I'rolifio D. Kiiiv<'r Cliovulier 0. Newton KXI'EUI.MENTAL KaRM TOR MANITOBA, BllANDON, MaN. I'cr iu!rr<. BuhIi, L1)<(. 1. French Cli. villi. ■!• (i2 14 2. Si.lncv (iO 9 3. Canmliiin 'I'horiKj 58 10 4. California Prolific. f). Newton (J. Beavi'r Per acre. UiihIi. I.bi. 34 18 2!) 18 <, N.S. Per acre. BuNh. Llm. 3S Hi 37 4 85 20 Per lore. liush. Lbs. r.7 14 m 2 50 10 Exi'ERI.MENTAL FaUM FOR THE ^ORTFI-WEST TERRITORIES, Indian Head, N.W.T. , I'or acre. Bimh. Lba. 1. Pri'e Prolific 5!t 2. Dii' Dill 57 4 3. Kin .-er Chevalier 50 22 Per acre. Busli. Lbs. 4. Thanet 54 40 5. ]''rencli Chevali2 4 4, Mfiisiiry. '2. SiurcHH 45 40 5. '|'rc)i>|i 20 (i. Coimiioii . I'lT iicri'. ] 1(1 Sui prise Or» 10 ViiiiKuanl 01 8 i EXI'EHI.MENTAL FaRM Full THE X<»RTH-\VF,ST TERRITORIES, Indian Head, N.W.T. 1. Rciinie'H Iinin'ovcd. 2. Odiwmi y. Troojicr I'pr acr«. Per acre. Tiiisli. TjIw. Tiiisli. Mm. 02 14 4. Succpss 4;') 10 r.4 2S 5. M. 'Usury 43 30 45 40 0. NiiKfiit 42 34 I'lxPERIMENTAL FaRM FOR BRITISH COLUMBIA, AoASSIZ, B.C. Per acre. HuhIi. Lbs. 1. Odes.sa 38 30 2. OfliTlinich.... ' 30 27 3. Trooi.er y3 4f> I'lT acre. IJush, J.l.s. 4. Pctsdiora . Xi 10 5. Stullii 32 4 0. VuiiKuard 31 12 Tho six varieties which have ))roducod the largest crops taking tho average of tho rcBuits obtained on all tho experimental farms, and hence may perhaps bo rogardec us tho most promising sorts for general culti- vation are: Per acre. Bush. Lbs, 1. Odessa 50 30 4. Royal 2. MwiHury 48 32 5. Common . 8. Trooper 47 2 0. Vanguard Per aero. iJii.sh. Llw. 40 38 43 30 43 28 In this latter list of tho six most promising varieties for general culti- vation, there is found 3 out of tho G sorts which are first fn productive- ness at Ottawa, Ont., 5 of the best 6 at Nappan, N. S., 4 of the best 6 at Brandon, Man., 3 of tho best (3 at Indian Head, N. W. T., and 3 of tho best 6 at Agassiz, B. C. SPRING WHEAT. Thirty-two varieties of spi-ing wheat have been under trial during 1895 the size of the plots were ^th acre each at Brandon and Indian Head, and Tj^^th acre each at Ottawa, Nappan and Agassi/. The quantity of seed sown of each sort was in the proportion of one and a half bushels per aero, and the dates of sowing wore as follows; Ottawa, 30th April and 1st May, Nappan, 30lh April, Brandon, 16th April, Indian Head, 16th April and Agassiz 19th April. i :l ' I f. V M ' H 13 I. 10 UNIFORM TEST PLOTS OF SPRING WHEAT. il..: Yield at the S everal K.vperimental Number of Day.s V arms, lea.son of 1S!I5 from Sowing to Harvesting. Xaiiic of Variety. ^ cc e „ C. ^ 4^ 72 'C d "rt A < i ^• o 'A <- 0/ . '•/^ . 1 ' c I ^^ ^ ' tc X i S^" "r. Is is 3 -2 c -o '^ C3 4-> cT '-i!^ I '^ C /- p: 1— 1 -f <\ o •■A < < "7 '^ ■n ^ t 3 ~ 3 ^ 3 ^ 3 r i= cj rt rt •a W A M 1-:; 23 iJ M 1^ M h-5 » ^A w w i-l y W ■^ 1 Preston 30 28 40 20 32 27 20 40 48 42 20 45 40 20 10 15 40 20 34 211 44 20 i)0 103 110 108 1.33 133 1.38 135 109 112 117i 2 Oooso 101.33 list 3 Old lied River.... 2(i 30 30 20 47 10 42 40 17 2(t 32 48 103 115 133 138 109 119^ 4 Priiijrle's Chain- |)hiiii 26 25 25 20 40 20 18 31 25 20 4(i 30 J'* 30 20 40 14 17 10 40 10 40 30 31 28 4 17 48 98 1)8 103 113 112 110 133 139 130 138 138 109 105 119 117* n Huron Wellman'sFife.... 51 42 113' 6 20 34 123 r Dion's 24 40 •)•) 40 38 2043 20 10 15 21) 31 1 10(t 110 1,39 135 111 120i S White lius.sian. . . . Hcd Fern 24 24 24 24 24 24 27 •''S 40 20 35 41 3(5 40 42 4() 30 3t; 10 42 3(t ;i(i 2(t 45 50 35 20 43 10 20 30 10 31 31 27 30 30 32 2 (> 57 40 .32 18 103 100 103 its 97 1)8 115 110 '\m 114 113 139 133 1.39 134 134 134 138 138 138 135 138 138 iii') 122 100 111 111 123^ it 20 31 l(i 15 11) 90 40 20 30 120 10 -Monarch 24 30 2() 110? n Alpha 110- V?. Admiral 118* r,\ .\d Vance 50 21 118i 123| 14 Kni])oriuin 24 31) 30 48 40 13 50 31 .30 100 ■• 1.33 1.38 122 lo I'ercv 23 40 28 20 41 . . 311 40 14 20 21 1 24 97 110 125 135 109 11.5A If; RedFif.'...... ... 23 40 24 4!) . . 45 .. 17 25 31 41t 101 114 133 1.30 112 119^ 17 Colorado 23 23 22 20 IS 20 34 37 43 10 2i) 20 44 3(t42 10 ... ..;17 .. 13 io 20 20 211 30 10 44 47 98 its DC. 114 114 113 128 133 133 133 138 135 iii' 111) 11S{ 1H lilenheini 10 27 43 32 119 lii Stanley 1191 :^(» White Fife •)•> .31) 23 40 40 4.; 42 40!42 5(t 40 10 .'{O 55 m:{ 21 S 101 98 110 111 133 130 140 138 120 109 1"2 21 Crown ')•) 30 22 40 1(5 30 117* 22 2;5 ( 'alitor 22 21 1027 40 24 32 42 .30:28 10 41 35 17 15 50 10 25 28 30 55 1)5 108 114 108 13!) 128 130 138 111 104 119 r,adoi,'a un 24 White Conncll . . 21 34 211 20 44 50 35 20 14 21 1 1 103 114 133 140 122 122^ 2:") Canipbeir.s Wlute j Chaff 20 20 31 40 38 50'40 20 11) 10 30 4 99 109 1.34 v:x, 109 117t 2(1 nio (Irande 20 20 22 40 41 30:41 40 33 10 31 40 105 115 133 135 128 1231 27 I'.caudrv 1!) 40, lit . . 125 3(v52 22 40 27 47 97 112 130 13(i 111 117* 2S J Mack S.'ii 1!) ..!25 .. 3S 30 41 10 30 55 93 108 130 1.3(; 110^ 2!) 'I.ris.soii Bcarcled. IS 20 31 20 41 30 44 40 21 31 O.J 98 115 139 ^ 48 47 4{) 4(i 4(i 20 10 40 30 20 7 8. 9. 10. 11. 12, White Connell , Stanley Rideau Admiral . . Crown Gehuii Per A ere. Bush. Lhs 44 50 43 30 43 42 50 42 50 42 40 Experimental Farm fop. the North-west Territohies, Inihan Head, N.W.T. Per Acre. Bush. Lbs. 1. Beaudry 52 Per Acre. Bush. Lbs. 2. Huron ... 3. Kmporium. 4. Crow n .... b. Preston.... ti. Alpha 51 48 4t; 45 45 20 40 40 40 30 7. 8. 9. 10. IL 12. Red Fife Herisson Bearded . . . I'riiiKle's Chainplain. Bkinheim Advance Dion's 45 44 44 44 43 43 40 30 50 20 Experimental Farm for British Columbia, Aqassiz, B.C. 1. Jiio Grande Per Acre. Bush. Lbs. , 33 Wliito Fife Heatidry Advance Herisson Bearded Admiral . 30 22 21 21 20 10 55 40 7. S. 9. 10. 11. 12. Alpha Rideau Dioii's Campbell's Wliite Chah. Captor Red Fife Per Acre. Bush. Lbs. 19 19 19 19 17 17 30 30 15 10 50 25 cr fa The twelve varieties of spring wheat which have pioduccd the hirgest ops taking the average of the results obtained on all the experimental Vint-, and hence may perhaps be regarded as the most promising sorU r general cultivation are : — I'leston. . . White Fife Old Red River Advanee Ued Fife Rio t;r'ind>' . . . Per A ere. Per Acre. Bush. Lbs. Bush. Lbs 34 44 7. Emi>orium 31 .30 33 21 8. Heri'isiin Bearded .... 31 22 32 48 18 10. Huron 31 17 32 Red Fern 31 (i 31 49 40 11. 12. Wiiitf Russian .... 31 2 31 .Stanley 30 47 In this hitter list of the twelve varieties of spring wheat which have averaged best at all the experimental farms, there are 5 out of the 12 sorts which are first in product iveness at Ottawa, Ont., 6 of the 12 best at Nappan, N, S., G of the 12 best at Brandon, Man., 6 of the 12 best at Indian Head, N. W. T., and 4 of the 12 best at Agassiz, B. C. In these tests of varieties some of the new cross-bred wheats which have been produced at the experimental farms made a good showing. Preston heads the list in the last and most important series. This is a boarded variety, a cross between Liidoga and Rod Fife. The other cross- bred sorts in this select list are Huron and Stanley, both having theeame fli. M 1 i I I- •?, ■ c I i I '< i^ ^f ■!■, f 12 parentage as Preston, the former is bearded and the latter beardless, and Advance which is a bearded cross of Ladogii with White Fife. The other cross-bred sorts included in the larger list av Monarch, Alpha, Percy and Captor, all beard less sorts, and Admiral, Blenheim, Crown and Eideau all bearded sorts. PEASE. Ten varieties of pease have been under trial during 1895. The size of these plots was the same as those of the spring wheat, and the quantity of seed used per acre varied from two to three bushois dflponding upon the size of the pea. The dates of mowing were as follows: Ottawa. 3rd and 4th May^ Nappan, 2nd May, Brandon. 17th May and Agassiz, 25th April. On account of the mixing of the varieties by a high wind at Indian Head after the plots had been cut, no returns were obtainable from that farm. Three of the plots of pease at Brandon suffered from the same cause and were so badly mixed that no accurate returns could be given. For this reason the report from Brandon covers seven varieties only. UNIl'^ORM TEST PLOTS OF PEASE. Name of Variety. Yield at tilt' Several Exiierinient.il Farms, Season of 18!).5. s O cf n -.^ 1 Black-eyed Mcirrowfat 40 10 .5.3 2iMnnnny ;«t 30 40 a. M hJ Pride..' :i9 ..|43 Prince Albert :!« 20^42 Centennial M 40i42 "" 55 6 Crown :i3 30 7|Xew Potter :« .. 8 Multiplier :U .50 a'Golden Vine .'iO 30 lOiCanadian Beauty 30 20 47 41 41 47 20 •io 20 40: .52! 20| 40 40 P5 3 _= M 1-3 10 o to 22 22 20 . . 25 ..'21 50 2(3 40 22 ..!33 2028 404' 50 ,.H 42 34 32 44 ;5!i 35 Mi 39 32 5? 40 35 47 11] 52 37 32 Numlier of D.iys from Sowing to Harvestinpf. 100 !l() 108 101 07 00 101 97 101 d so < m ^ a 1 1 113 110 116 103 109 120 95 97 110 108 127 97 127 iff) 99 116 101 105 12C 110 127 97 103 120 110 104 ft llli 1071 994 114* 108| 102 107 1128 104| 105 The nix varieties of pease which have produced the largest crops at the several experimental farms during 1895 are the following : Central Experimental Farm, Ottawa, Ont. m 1(1) '■'•in-, I [■*: "I Per acre. Bush. Lbs. 1. Black-eyed Marrowfat 40 10 2. Mummy 39 30 3. Pride 39 4. Prince Albert. 5. Centennial . . . . 6. Crown Per acre. Bush. Lbs. 36 20 34 40 33 30 13 EXPBRIMENTAL FaRM FOR THE MARITIME PROVINCES, XaPPAN, X.S. Per acre. Bush. Lbs. 1. Crown 55 62 2. Black-eyed Marrowfat 53 20 3. Canadian Beauty 47 40 Per acre. Bush. Lbs. 4. New Potter 47 20 5. Pride 43 40 6. Centennial 4ti 40 Experimental Farm for Manitoba, Brandon, Man. 1. Pride 2. Crown ... 3. New Potter. Per acre. Per acre. Bush. Lbs. Bush. Lbs. 68 4. Mummy 53 10 60 50 5. Black-eyed Marrowfat 52 56 40 6. Golden Vine 46 20 Experimental Farm for British Columbia, Aa.^ssiz, B.C. 1. Multiplier . 2. Golden Vin^ 3. Crown Per acre. Per acre. Bush. Lbs. Bush. Lbs. 33 20 4. Prince Albert 25 5 28 20 5. Prussian Blue 24 40 26 25 6. Mummy 22 50 The eix varieties of pease which have produced the largest crops taking the average of the results obtained on all the experimental farms are : Per acre. Bush. Lbs. 1. Black-eyed Marrowfat 44 32 2. Crown 44 12 3. Pride 42 40 Per acre. Bush. Lbs. 4. New Potter 39 52 5. Canadian Beauty 39 6. Mummy 38 62 f^ m ^■i •; m INDIAN CORN. Seventeen varieties of Indian corn have been under trial during 189.5, all planted on the same day, in rows or hills three feet apart, on similar soil. The dates of planting wei-e as follows : — Ottawa, Ont., 23rd May ; Nappan, N.S., 18th May ; Brandon, Man., 23rd May ; Indian Head,N.W.T., 2l8t May, and Agassiz, B.C., 23rd May. All wore cut green and put into the silo for winter feeding, the dates of cutting were : — Ottawa, Out., 16th Sept.; Nappan, N.S., 14th Sept. ; Brandon, Man., 9th Sept.; Indian Head, N.W.T., 23rd Aug.; Agassiz, B.C., 22nd Sept. Tho yield per acre has been calculated in each case from the weight obtained from two rows each G6 feet long. r IK .t I I i -1 ill 14 UNIFORM TEST PLOTS OF INDIAN CORN. 'A NniiKj of Varii'ty. 1 2 3 4 5 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 Rural Thoroughbred White Flint. Giant Prolific Ensilage Sweet Sanford Flint Canada White Flint Champion White Pearl Dent. , , ' Red Cob Ensilage New White Cap Yellow Dent. . Country Gentleman North Dakota Cf ini))tons'.s Early Anj<(;l of Midnight ... Maimnoth 8-rowed Flint . Longfellow Canadian Dent Extra Early Huron Dent Pearce's Prolific Mitchell's Early Yield at tlie several E.xperiniental Farms, Season of 1895. d m ^ y. <^ __- c b y^ M 47019 ],970lll 1,300 1 12 7r)0 11 1-3 200 1,3-20 !)!)0 400 520 1,200 12 100,17 1,900 11 .1,('.S0]2 l,loO, 8 1,150,12 50| 9 1,280 8 250 ],250 1,300 100 1,100 75014 1,050|11 (;40;ll 1,250 9 500;13 .500113 1,05013 04013 1,10014 20011 (!0015 75012 9 11 15 14 12 500 1,500 1,500 GOO 500 250 640 1,800 1,650 1,800 600 200 50 1 1,100 1,800 1,.500 '= 1 ■i « _ KH 1 s=S '^y - i T c s H J . 6 " 600 ' 5 800 (J •! 600 6 1,800 5 800 5 200 5 800 6 1,200 8 800 9 .500 1 8 200 4 400 6 3 1,200 6 600 o bo < 1-3 12 5 6 t> 7 6 10 12 5 6 9 6 7 5 7 7 4 s S bo a Rl U '-* erf 86017 l,440;i3 I,340!l2 76012 8011 1,64013 680 12 200:12 l,980ll0 32011 920 13 1,20011 30011 560 8 520 10 740 800 >A 1,265 632 716 642 1,916 322 1,172 170 440 1,.564 504 380 996 1,652 462 1,808 536 The six varieties of Indian corn which have given the heaviest crops at the several experimental farms during 1895 are the following: — Central Experimental Farm, Ottawa Ont. Tons. Lbs. 1. Rural Thoroughbred White Flint 37 470 2. (riant Pro'lric Ensilage Sweet 28 1,970 3. Sanford Flint 23 1,300 4. Canada White Flint 23 750 5. Champion White Pearl Dent 23 200 t). Eed Cob Ensilage , 22 1,320 Experimental Farm for the Maritime Provinces, Nappan, N. S. 'J'ons. Lbs. 1. Rural Thoroughbred White Flint 19 500 2. Angel of Midnight.. 17 100 3. Country- (rentleman 15 250 4. Red Cob Ensilage 14 600 5. Coraptons Early 12 1,300 6. New White Cap Yellow Dent 12 750 Experimental Farm for Manitoba, Brandon, Man. Tons. Lbs. 1. Compton's Early 15 800 2. Rod Cob Ensilage 15 250 3. Angel of Midnight 14 600 4. Canada White Flint 14 600 5. Longfellow 14 50 6. Sanford Flint 13 1,500 15 Experimental Farm for the North-west Territories, Indian Head, N. W. T. Tons. Lbs. 1. Longfellow 6 1,200 2. Canada White Flint 6 600 3. Anj^el of Midnight 6 4. Champion White Pearl Dent 5 1,400 5. Country Gentleman 5 1,200 6. Mitchell's Early 5 800 Experimental Farm for British Columbia, Aqassiz, B. C. T.JT1H. Lbs. 1. lliiral Thoroughbred White Flint 12 800 2. Country Gentleman 12 200 3. New White Cap Yellow Dont 10 680 4. Angel of Midnight !» 920 5. Pea'rce'8 Prolific 7 740 6. Extra Early Huron Dent 7 520 ri ifj The six varieties of Indian corn which liave given the heaviest crops taking the average of the results obtained on all the experimental farms are: — Tons. Lbs. 1. Eural Thoroughbred White Flint 17 1,265 2. Giant Prolific Ensilage Sweet 13 632 3. Angel of Midnight 13 504 4. Red Cob Ensilage 13 322 5. Now White Cap Yellow Dent 12 1,172 6. Sanford Flint 12 716 '■r- i TUKNIPS. Twelve varieties of turnips have been under trial during 1895 all sown on drills or on the flat 2^ feet apart. Two sowings were made at each farm about two weeks apart. The dates of sowing will be found in the accompanying table, the dates on which the roots were pulled were as fol- lows. Ottawa, Ont., 8th Octobei- ; Nappan, N. S., 21st October ; Brandon, Man., 5th October ; Indian Head, N. W.T., 4th October and Agassiz, B.C., 5th Nov. The yield per acre in each case has been calculated from the weight of roots gathered from two rows each 66 feet long. m-.u- K'% Pi l-H pj H O cc H O H O IG r-3 in J * 1^ c iJ > u •^ < ■r~ is E f-l 1— * r-t i-H f-H -^^2 o OO CC 00 in t^ lO » l- ■* •* t- !D H^ nM r-Cr-l05e5«5n'?5rfc>IC>ltS« 00 t^ 00 © » 00 I- ■^ i-<_^t^l- fl^ d cS oi I-T r-ffHiH i-Tl-TrH i-TrH" m N ^-^ 1 C]3>O0«O00l-00a0C«ai-ir-l ^ opoo-ti<»"»"aoi?>oi'0 i-fi = 0-»«-^-j;Ccoao-i-g; Si ga "5 1- m rH rH rH »-H i"H T-H ^ § CC©C0«900a0C^05rHt^OS'1 .H. rl rH t-( i-( 1-1 iH rH H d '^ i pooo -o© -o© •© N 00 © © ■ (M Ti •COW •© !05500?5 •03CO -(NOD -IM t> I-; > s ® o S en fH rH ' fH f-H rH rH '^ «^ § ^■*i-(0JlCIM>--iH05©«^IN H ?H rH rH rH rH rH rH rH i-H rH 1^ J ©©O©©©©©©©©© 00©©©S^©©(S-.0 5S ra 1-3 (MOC')a0rH©50a0rHTH©lQ .2 m 1-H f-H r-^T-^r^ T-H r^ -S 02^ g t^ t^ 00 -^ » l^ © © o to t- t^ a _H_ ^^^^^^,Hf;,rHrH„rH J CO •♦< 00 © © © © © © ©© i^ © CI o r-Trn' ! Tf*<00ODlMlM5C©© •©© s 2 CI Q O fM 50 lO t - IM © ■ O (M M « iO_CO ■* O MM -r ; i-0 l>; lA o6 g r-Tri" rH 1 rH rH t- -^ ■* © 00 Tl r- l^ CO • rH CO 1 H rHrHrHrHr-rHrHrH^ -ITtrH 1 in © © © "O lo © o o © ® e g M O 1 ~ P t^ CO ff^ IM ?4 C) CO CJ CO Cq CO e-j 1 H ©©lnlnlraop©©l-^co© © lO 1^ 1-- (M 1- © 5 O IM IM C c< h! 00 IM Ci 3V CC ~. = O C. CO O 1^ ^ cc th" 1-^ T^r^ tS <5 J- OlOCOCOfoOXC'TGOOXM eOCOCOCOCOCJMCOiMCOM^J oo©oo-f"tioO'»r«0'r'/;-i<© g,-H o c OC IM Cl IM (M © X t - © » -i ^ ©t-t^o C5cnt~c;'M rH^ )-4 43 si r-TrHr-T r-" i-^ o of 1 i» CO CO >c CI -r CO "i* 1^ M © CC »-H VJ ^ §s;?g-^?ss;53^2g 4^ p r*l hJ -i* O O ^J^ "^ *^ '^'^ ^'^,''" o ^1 cn t— 1 T— t ^-» f— < r-1 !--« _l_ 1— 1 t— 1 1-H 1— ( >^ - ^ o '. '. ■s > s • 1 a. U '< 3 s 5 liJ •^ 0.*ii»3Pl 6£^'p_ w»h£oxo'j;>^s- •, acium^Nj r- (M cr ■* ir - t- .oc ^©r-C r- rH r- a o X >H ,o _grHOrHrH*05CO«lMl5 ■^ l-H r ^ •^rH rH C •• M •r- 00 aCilMrH©l^C0CCIM©O5 |> O r-COCO — rH,— rnrH >l ^ « a ^1 CO Ph O rH n>-: in o ^ 5 cc. :0 eo -'a . a tb' > •s o to'S a 5 £- ,, ,<- «." O ^ -"CB « qa 00 > !0 grQ . " cj *3 orH 8 2 5^>-" S T a ^ . I— I •^ O . «-'« a H o a a O eS S cc to c •» p I- 0, Cp OQ e« ft a S £« f^ P5 S N bo 1^ rJ'O-H'Or-'O'-S'C a a a Hi a S3 "^-E -C • = a. ■y. a .a c The Uuniii ing:— The of rot. E. Experime 17 The Hix varieties of lurnips wbich have produced the heaviest crops during the past soaaon at the novoral oxperimontal farms are the follow- ing :— Central Experimental Farm, Ottawa. The yields at Ottawa have heon light, duo mainly to the prevalence of rot, which has injured tl)o crop here for several yoai's j)abt. Tcjiis. Tibs. 1. Champion Purple Top, 2nd sowing.. 17 904 2. Elephants Master " \. 15 (124 3. Imperi.-.l Swede " ..14 008 4. Skirving's Swede " ..14 77(! f). Carter's Elephant " .. 13 1,!»84 0. Lord Derhy " ..13 1,720 Experimental Farm for the Maritime Provinces, Nappan, N.S. ToiiK. Lbs. 1. Hartley's Bronze, 2nd sowing 41 1,125 2. Champion Purple Top, 2nd sowing 36 200 3. Lord Derby, 1st " ' 35 1,250 4. Purple Top Swede, 1st «' 34 1,825 5. Jumbo or Monarch 2nd " 33 1,450 6. East Lothian 2nd " 33 975 Experimental Farm for Manitoba, Brandon, Man, TollH. Lbs. 1. Jumbo or Monarch. Ist sowing 21 1,560 2. Purple Top Swede ' " 18 432 3. Carter's P]lephant " 17 1,376 4. Hartley's Bronze " 17 320 5. Sldrving's Swede " 17 320 6. East Lothian " 14 1,568 Experimental Farm for the North-west Territories, Indian Head, N.W.T. Ton.s. Ll).s. 1. Skirving's Swede, Ist sowing 20 800 2. East Lothian " 18 1,200 3. Hartley's Bronze '• 17 1,280 4. Imperial Swede, " 17 1,040 5. Jumbo or Monarch " 17 1,040 6. Prize Purple Top " 17 560 Experimental Farm for British Columbia, Agassiz, B.C. Tons. Jjlm. 1. Hartley's Bronze, Ist sowing 13 576 2. East Lothian " 13 400 3. Cartel's Elephant " 12 1,344 4. Haitley's Bronze 2nd sowing 12 816 5. Prize Purple Top, 1st " 12 640 6. Champion Purple Top, Ist sowing , 11 1,232 2 •1^' l^- im fT 18 Tho 8ix vuriotieH of turnips which liavc produced the henviost crops taking tho avorago of the results obtained on all tho exporirnentul farms, are : — Tons 1. lIurtloy'H Bronzo, Ist howin;r 18 2. Kast Lothian ' '° 3. Lord Derby " \^ 4. SUii-ving's Swede " y 5. I'lirploTop Swod • •• jj 6. Jumbo or Monarch "' 1" Lhs. •!75 (1:55 251 l,dian Head, 25lh September and Agassiz 30th October. Tho yield per acre has boon calculaled from the weight of roots gathered from two rows each 0]7:5^'2'v,2 J r- X — -j: r. 1": c r. I - vs r' •/ ■% jr "^ ^ '-I; * ' / T ^ "" ' ^ '-T ^ rt c _ r i~ •/. Ti r: r r. f yi •M Tl 71 fi Cl -M ft Tl Tl r-1 Tl Q i q — T c -J J -J r •-? ri ■=> » ^ r. v: 1." :■: 7 1 ■: 1 T 1 -^ -r I - i~ T I r. -r r r — i , .-. i- i-< -^ i - -. — 71717171 — 71^7l.-iriri :': 5 '4 7 1 p • * c •/■ ; 7 1 ■/ r vr 51 / — /- — ->■ iX z '/ ■s. >; T ^ t* 71 ;7 71 1 - -- \r — 71 v; 71 71^ 71 71 :t IM 71 71 77 .1 71 < O I H i O 1 H ■73 y. — f. %l i tl if^ 5 71 — r; 71 s 71 •7)7ir.-xo _r- — ' r- — — — :^ " " •-; -3 ?'i 2 "7. -7 S r -^ 7 ^ 5 !_; — i^ r: ,: -^ -y, •7i7i.r -r 71 C 71 S -O • 71 Z-. C. rH -O B O la 03 u '/ -f C = -* -/■ ; -^ = -^ 7 1 r 7 1 71-/: -^ -r 7 1 i . •. -r i- 1 - \r ;.-. h-1 c -.r ■- 1.; m y. y. i- 7 1 .r .- r. rHf— If— 1— 1 .-iT^,— (T-<--^ e2 -/- ,- .^ — -- •- •- ^ -» «| -f. -^ 71 — 71 — t- 71 71 71 71 71 — 71 4 _^ ^ 1 _« _» -r _H — tr 71 - V 71 6i t— 1 xc;i-:7-r_T-ri r--^ >^ — — — 1— r- b— c •^ — It — 71 x r; c c 1* c -r <'. Ll, J7 71 71 7C 71 71 71 7C C7 71 71 71 as o I— I 'A ■^ 5 i-l I - .'^ I - 1"^ ir. ^ 5 ri — uJ -/; X X — . -r .— tr T X O in :7 — 77 — • r~ — J- vr e 71 >— 71717171 •>— 71 — — 70 -^ ,/ ri ^2 '3 ^ ■'^ ~ ' - ' - ~ ^ ^ 71 — 71 71 71 71 — — ;-i W > J: ■» S .5 ij c -i 1 - •— 7"i .-. ■ — r. 1^1 1 - ~. i,r-.i-~-:r. ■ -r — :': -r I- — — -ci-i-r. — 7irr. 71 7171 — :7 — -— -7171 — — 77 ■1-3 o •'i X S i ~ — •.:: 71 — i"i X c •? — X :'. •—— c . . X 77 -y- ; 1 — fS 71 r-. — . r: ~ -.i 77 t^ 1^ 71 '.r r>. 71 — — — — — 71 — — 71 — — I - 77 71 — ~ r. X X I- T t 71 M M M 77 71 71 71 71 71 71 71 71 C3 > I ^^.■^ :-5 ' : .' ■ :3 : .'I : ■/: — _- 5— = ? i /H •aaqiunj^ — 71 M •^ 1.7 -^ t- X Cl C — N 3 > O > » V 3 cc O ^r/^ 3.- = t; ; •/. '■ "^ V. S — 7 1 71 , C > i z -' .S'5 S rt i^. A ^'i -71 ^ Is -.^' 1^1 1 — . o > 5 c : — * — 3 1 _ /. - » -rl- X c w i u !« .1^ r s:: ^ w s o \vil)2 1.2(l8 4 (iiutil Vollow Ititcrnicdialo " ;U t> G Mammolh Loii^^ Rod (Wobb) " 2!) 1 KJ Experimental Farm for the Maritime Provinces, Nappan, N.i^. Tons. Llw, 1 Giant Yellow Intermodiato Ist sowing' 35 'M'i't 2 (loldcn Tankard " 32 TM) 3 Mamtnolli Loiiu' Red (Webb) 2Md K)\viiii,' 21 I")!! 4 Red Fli'Hhcd Tuidvard 1st"....!. 24 Itio 5 Champion Yollowdlobo 2nd" 23 1,1)75 6 AJamraoth Lon<,' Eod (Sharpo) " 23 75 Experimental Farm for Manitoba, Brandon, Man. 'roiis. Lbs. 1 Mammoth Loni^ Hod (Evans) letsowiiiij; 36 8(j4 2 Giant Yellow intormediato " ...... 31 304 3 Conqueror Yellow Globe " 30 45() 4 Gate Post " 30 11)2 5 Canadian Giant " 29 400 6 Mammoth Long Rod (Webb) " 28 1,024 Experimental Farm for the North-ioest Territories, Indian Head, N.W.T. 1 Mammoth Loiific Red (Wobb), 1st nowing 2 Golden Tankard, 3 Mammoth Lon^ Red (Evans), " 4 Conqueror Yellow Globe, 5 Red Fleshed Tankard, 6 Giant Yellow Intermediate, ' 'cms. Lbs. St HOwi ng 16 ,^80 IC 400 13 IfiO 12 1200 12 720 12 080 Experimental Farm for British Columbia, A 2 Red Fleshed Globe, " " ' 31 832 3 Giant Yellow Intcrmodiafo, 2iid " •-'8 320 4 Canadian Giant, 1st sowing 27 1440 5 Warden Orange Globe, 2nd s(»\vitig 27 n'lO 6 Golden Tankard, 1st sowing 20 ISoO The six varieties of maii,L,'olH wliicli luivo produced iho hoaviost crops, takini; tlio iivora<^o of tliu luHiiltH obtained at all tlio uxperiiiu'iUal tarms are tho following: — TOIIH. 1 Canadian (riant, lnt MowiM<; 2S 2 Mainmolli lion^ lu'd (I'iVans), KlhDwing". 2(» 'A (riant Yollow Intcriniidiatc, " *' li(j 4 ^[arnnK.tli liong Rod (Webb), " " 25 T) (JoldcMi TanUard, " " 24 (i Hod I'Mohbod Tankard, " " 23 Llw. 1(1 1:{ I2f;!) 2s;i 1072 lull) OAKROTS. Twolvo varioMoH of caiTuls havo lu'on imdor test diirinj^ ISflS, all sown in rowH on tho Hat, two feet apart. Two Howin,:i;s were made, the >r('iiiid Howint? about two vsooIch attor iho iir.st. Tho datos ot Mowiiiiij will l>i> found in tho accompanying tabic, tho dates on which the rootw wore ji'ilicd were as follows: — Ottawa. Sih October; Nappan, 21ht October; li andon, 3i(l October; Indian Head, l(jth October and A^aHsiz, 2Stli Ociobor. Tho yield per acre has been calculated from tho weight of roots Leathered from two rows, each (J6 foot long. V mi r ■■ If I i^i 1 1 11 "S 1 ... < ! d < 'I i X. ■- 7. be Si >. ti * V h ■Ti (.. h — ?. 1 • 1 • i ■ J i>.T>- x^ ilU '•'.;_ *?ir. »- •/. •» •* t •£ i'. T. T -r ^ Z -1^ — -. — — — -^ — -.^-. The second series of plots were not sown at Indian Head, N.W.T., and the Long Scai Nt Aitrinu'liani was omilled Ironi luc lir»l series on account of delay in receiving the seed. For the same reason both sowings of Selected WhUe Belgian and Scarlet Inter- mediate were omitted at Agassiz. In the second sowing of Carter's Orange Giant and VoIIkw Intermediate at Ottawa, the >ee "Sr. . r. n c Ti 1 - as C TI t-t C C C 'i ■ -- r. rH ri i". Tl /. X 1-. C rH ■ »— t 1— 1 .— 1 1.^ r^ fH i T-. 1 ~ -s -f c: ■y. 7^ r\ — >"> r^ '• Jl 51 TIS^I I. Tl Tl fl TI TIrH • 2 a c o - X 1 1 1 i i 1 • 5 i* ".-s ...■/,..... ■s-c „ ^''O =-7.:: = ?; s 5 y< ''• ^ X S D tC ■. ■iqmuv^ T— ' ri f— ( ■ft t 'fills. r.iH. Uthowiiiff 2!» 1,400 4 1 i{ 27 i.ii;;5 2n(l " ... 2t; i,2!tr. Iht " ... 21 2<;2 .1 i. 2;{ n.iu t< (1 23 2.^2 23 Tlio Hi.K variotios of carrotH wliioh have ^ivc'ii tlio lioavit>«t cropn during' \\\v hcuhou of 18!)B al, i\w Htvural o.xporiinoiital turiiis are Iho t()ll<>\viM<,' ; — dentral Exjierimental Farm, Ottawa, Out. 1 Mumrnolh VVIiito Intcrmodiato Uthowii 2 ltn|ti'()VO(l llalt-ldrii,' Wliito .'{ Ivorsoii'rt (!liaiii]ii(>ii 4 I'laily (torn ft S(>li'Ht>(l Whi'o liol^'ian (i Cartor'rt Oruiif^o (liaiit Experimental Farm for the Maritime Provinces, xYappan, y. >V. T..11S. T,lw. 1 I rnpiovod Short White, iHt 8()win<; 21 1,|()(» 2 Miitnni. White Iiitormeiliato, Ist Howiiig. 21 27") .'» [vorson'w ('iiampioii, Ist Howinp 20 l.Suil 4 CarttM'n Oraiiif*' ('iant " 20 ."»ti.") 5 Irn|)rovocl liall'-lori/^ White, Ist sowiiii.'-. . li) i)')!) Karly Gem, l«t HOwin^' 11> lHO Experimental Farm for Manitoba, Hrnndim, M(tn. Tonn. LI IS. 1 Maintn. White Intcrmodiuto, Ist sowiiii;. 18 1,840 2 Improvoil llalf'-lon^ White IhI Howiiii;-.. . 17 .'i20 :-{ linproveil Short White, Irtt .sovviiiiy 15 3(J0 4 Selef'ted Wliito Heliciati, 2Md howitiy- 15 IWO 5 Carter's Oraiii;e Giant " If) .'JllO 6 Ivorson's Champion let sowing' 14 600 Experimental Farm for the North-west Territories, Indian Head, X.W.T. 1. Iver.son'H Champion, Ist sowing... 2. Giant Short Wtiite Vongos, Ist sowing 3. Selected White Belgian " 4. Yellow Intermediate 5. Scarlet Intermediate G. Carter's Orange Giant It Tons. Lhs. n 1,200 i) 000 8 1,7(!0 8 1.280 8 1,280 8 800 i i Experimental Farm for British Columbia, Agassi:, B.C. 1. Mamm. White Intermediate, Ist sowing. 2. Improved Short White, Ist sowing 3. Early Gem 2nd " ' 4. Giant Short White Vosges, Ist sowing. 6. Carter's Orange Giant " 6. Long Scarlet Altringham " Lbs. m 720 25 .60 21 827 19 l,»iOO 19 720 18 961 f 1 U' i l^-'* :,' ■■■ ij I 1*1 ii ; U i ji ^^1 i St II •24 Tlie six vat'ictios of carrotn which have produced the heaviest crops in IS!),"), taliin;; the uveriiire of the rosiills obttiincd at all the experimental f'aiins are the foUowint; : — 1. Mamm. White Intermediate, 1st sowing 2. Improved Short White " " 'A. Improved Half-long White " " 4. Carter's Oranire Giant " " 5. (riant Short While 2nd " C. Early Gcna 1st " Toils. Lt),s. 21 927 19 80 18 214 W 1,22.-) lb- 1,112 16 892 POTATOES. Sixty-two varieties of potatoes wore under trial in uniform plots during 18!I5. The potatoes for planting were cut into pieces with two or three ej'es in each, and these were planted in rows 2^ feet apart, the sets being about a foot apart in the rovvs. At Ottawa, Ont., the po- tatoes were planted 22nd to 25th May, and dug 2nd October ; at Xappan, N.S., planted 23rd May, dug 24th and 25th September ; at Biandon,MaM., planted 28ih May, dug 28th September; at Indian Head, N.W.T., planted 15ih May, dug 4th October, and at Agassiz, B.C., planted 21.->t May, dug llth to 14th October. The yield per acre has been calculated from the weight of tubers gathered from two rows each 66 feet long. UNIP'ORM TEST PLOTS OF POTATOES. Iiuliiin ,-\ vcniGft' Name uf \';iiiety. 1 4 5 (i 7 8 !) 10 11 12 13 14 15 1(i 17 IS lit 20 21 22 2.3 24 25; .Aniciican Wonder. . . Itocht'Ster Ko.se Early Norther Irisli Daisy Karly White I'rize. . . New (^iieeu Late I'liritiiii Ivirly Harvest 'rhorlmrii I. N. L Knipire Stnti' Clarke's N.>. 1 Early Kose Everett I.^foiude Coinit\' Wliite Reaiiiv' .Viiieriean (liaiit .... Ma^'-g'ie Miirjiliy Marly Six- weeks. . . . Prize Taker I )ai.sy B>u'))ep's Evtra I" u'y Early Puritan Sliiirpe's Seedling. . . . Polaris /-... »• i> I iiuiian , AveraGfe Otawa, Napian. l„aud,.n, ,,,.^^,, |AjjasMz, ^,f ^^,f Unt, I ^.b. Man. ^ ^,y 'i^i B.L. y^^.^^^^^ Per aore. ' Per aere. Per acre. T'er aere. I Per acre. ' Per acre. Husli. LlisLush. Lbs r,u.-li. LI, Liis!,. Lli. Uush. Lhs IJu.sli. L))s .38.-) 381 878 3(i(i 3()3 .3(;:i 3.5;-) 3.-).3 852 347 .347 341 327 323 ,321 312 312 312 310 2! 17 2! 10 2:'0 2'.H) 283 281 8 24 37 44 ;-).-) 3('i 3.) 4S 24 12 24 24 10 4f 12 21 21 23 48 8(i 340 17t) .330 2><2 20 272 200 302 20 204 325 275 I'C 255 32() 30 280 250 311 40 152 320 322 40 288 325 . . 350 20 200 170 303 188 282 oO 271 2i» 170 340 .341 248 3;^(t 15 28(1 224 2(iO 352 180 200 348 20 204 207 30 20O 300 2l)i; 20 332 352 224 .30 253 IGO 147 30 333 4 1 M,^ 285 210 rii ISI ]'.)2 3'i 203 20 184 247 30 322 'iO lO.S 18!) 40 310 l!t() 250 363 232 300 , , 374 224 88 247 15 ir.4 16 285 57 104 16 270 48 170 2()7 43 244 .34 203 45 12'.t 4 241 9 281 3ii 313 36 183 20 .303 31 183 L''l 251 16 124 40 240 25 100 40 203 27 148 8 267 5 187 34 261 28 73 20 253 4!) 73 i:o 238 173 4 255 34 202 50 280 6 178 56 225 43 15() .M) 210 23 234 40 242 20 220 236 3 1.30 20 233 ;i5 117 20 222 31 102 4Q 240 18 99 44 255 52 25 UNIFORM TEST PLOTS OF VOTATOES-Conclndcd. Name (jf Variety. OttawM, Out. Napliiiii, N.S. r.r.'uid'in, Iiiiii;in H.ad, N.W.T. A},':issiz, B.C. Avcraj,'e of all Farms. .B 1 Per acin'. Pit acp,'. I'cr acre. Per acre. IV'r a< re. I'er acre. Bu.sh. Lbs Bu.sh. Lbs Bush. Lbs Bush. Lbs Bush. Lbs Bush. Lbs 2fi Pride of the Market . . 279 24 275 3:!0 100 . . 177 28 244 22 27 I^earce's Extra Early.. 279 24 ISl 4 03 20 253 . . 270 11 28 Lee's Favourite 275 .. 2S() 303 170 17G .. 254 , . 29 Delaware 275 300 324 8 209 42 30 Troy Seeciliiipr 2t;7 42 2S2 30 Mil 40 i 48 . . 271 10 2.50 12 31 Molbarii Almndanco. . 21 ; 4 3.">0 245 40 192 .. 140 48 238 29 32 I'ride of the Table 2iil 48 302 30 322 40 124 .. 133 28 228 53 3:5 State of Maine .... 259 ■'{t; 300 293 20 204 . . 208 16 205 2 34 Seedlins No. 214 Groat Divide 259 258 2.5(; 30 38 172 .. 108 . . 148 .. 95 20 140 48 220 . . 175 39 35 225 21 !0 310 300 •io 210 17 3(! Money Maker 237 . . 37 Chicago Market 2.">5 12 300 3(;o 40 220 .. 283 4 2S4 .59 38 Grown Jewel 250 48 272 30 355 40 220 .. 132 . . 246 12 39 Ideal 249 33 315 20 188 .. 117 20 217 33 40 Early Ohio 244 12 280 SOS 40 190 . . 225 52 250 57 41 Algoma No. 1 214 12 220 271 20 212 .. l;;o 52 4? Early Stmrise 239 23'.) 48 48 230 20-J 30 203 278 40 I:t0 .. 324 . . 139 20 108 40 213 30 43 Lizzie'.s Pride 242 43 44 Harbinger 233 231 12 20O 235 253 28!) 40 140 .. .304 . . 173 4 189 12 211 51 45 London 249 40 4fi Freeman 231 229 .54 200 17S 50 30 ;!04 2(9 20 20 17(i .. 210 . . 149 36 239 4 212 21 47 Rural Blush 222 34 48 lirownell's Winner. . . . 22(J 52 320 223 40 152 . . 220 53 49 Dreer's Standard 220 31) 340 3.-.2 1S4 . . 102 40 241 3 50 Dakota Red 220 295 289 40 224 . . 293 42 204 28 51 Wonder of the World. Carman No. I 27'; 374 40 104 .. 228 . . 52 48 293 20 104 29 52 220 4 345 292 5 53 Northern Sj)y 217 48 207 30 320 20 21(1 . . 152 32 230 2 54 Beauty of Hebron 209 , , 2()7 30 271 20 208 . . 294 52 250 8 55 Vanier 209 280 2'^0 . . 240 24 253 51 m Early Gem 199 190 6 200 320 ioo ■lo' 284 . . 130 .. 190 40 198 8 23.3 21 57 I'eerless junior.. 208 1(1 58 Victor Rose 195 195 7 7 2.50 300 170 205 20 200 . . 140 . . "204""' 205 17 59 Clay Rose 232 53 fiO Orphans 177 138 39 30 375 113 3S1 40 20 148 .. 2()0 . . 234 40 1.58 24 108 30 HI Pearce's Prizes Winner 202 40 (i? Stourbridge Glory 133 51 172 ;!0 104 . . 167 32 159 2(j NoTK. — Where records of the yield of varieties are omitted, it is iu most iustances, duo to the seed not being received in tune for planting. The twelve varieties of potatoes which have produced the largest crops at the several experimental farms, are the following : — 11 4 , .! '. '^'i 1: 1: if'H' " lii ,■ i I ^ i ! is i Central Experimental Farm, Ottawa, Ont. Per acre. Bush. Lbs. American Wonder 3S5 Rochester Rose 381 8 Early Norther 378 24 Irish Daisy 306 37 Early White Prize 303 New Queen 363 3 Per acre. Bufih. Lbs. 7. Late Puritan 3.55 44 8. Early Harvest 3.53 .55 9. Thorhurn 352 10. 1. X. L.. 347 36 11. Empire State 347 3(» 12. Clarke's No. 1 . 341 . . •' r ■■:!" m Ill 26 Experimental Fabm for the Maritime Provinces, Nappan, N.S. Per lUiV. Bush. Lbs. 1. Pearcc's Prize Winner 375 2. Clay Kose ;«i() 'A. HoU)orn Abundance SriO 4. ( laruian No. 1 '.H~) .O. Empire State 310 G. American Wonder 340 7. s Diver's Standard T'lnrkc's No 1 Per JJnsii 340 33(; acre. Lba 15 <) . . . 3.'i0 10 .".".5 H. 12. Irisii l);^i^y l/rowneH's Winner .... 32.5 320 Experimental Farm for Manitoba, Brandon, Man. 1. Pearco's Extra Early 2. Early Norther 3!i2 3. Pearce's Prize Winner 3S1 4. Polaris 374 5. Carman Xo. 1 374 (>. Thorburn 303 Per acre, ^ush. Lbs. 4f>3 L'O 20 20 7. Shariip'.s Seedliiij^ S. Lei-'s i''avourit(,' 303 0. Early ibirvest 35!) 10. Crown .leuel 3.55 11. J )reer's Standard 3.52 12. Early Ho.so 352 Per aero. Btiish. Lba. 303 . . 20 40 EXPERLMEXTAL FaRM FOR TIIK 1n oRTtl-WEST TERRITORIES, Indian Uead, N, W. T. Per acre. Pu.sh. American Giant 352 7. White He.auty 332 8. Lizzies Pride 324 0. London 304 10. Early Harve.st 2!M) 11. Late Puritan 2.S8 12. Per acre. Bush. Early Gem 2S4 Vaiiirr 2S0 Early White Prize 2S0 Hocfiesti r liose 272 State of Maine 2()4 Everett 204 Experi.mental Farm for BuiTisn Columri.^, Agassiz, B.C. Per acre. Bush. Lbs. 1. Delaw.are 324 8 2. Beauty of Hebron 204 52 3. Dakota Red 203 42 4. Carman No. 1 203 20 5. Chicaf,'o Market 2S3 4 G. Lato Puritan 281 36 7. Trov S.'edlinf? 271 8. Clay Ro.se 2(;4 0. Vanier 240 10. Earl V White Prize 244 11. Rural P.Iush 230 12. Prize Taker 234 ]'er aci'e. liush. Lb.s. 10 24 34 4 40 The twelve varieties of potatoes which have pi-oduced tbe largest crops taking the average of the results obtained at all the exporitneutal farms, are : — Per acre Bush. Lbs. Late Puritan 313 36 Early Harvest 303 31 Delaware 20!) 42 Early White Prize 203 45 Empire State 203 27 Carman No. 1 202 5 Per acre. Bush. Lbs. 7. American Giant 289 6 8. Roche.ster Rose 285 57 9. Chicago Market 284 59 10. Early Norther 279 48 11. Pearco's Extra Early 279 11 12. Irish Daiay 2G7 43 Conclusions. It has been clearly shown in the foregoing pages that there are wide variations in the volume of crop produced by different varieties of the same grain or other agricultural product even when grown side by side on similar soil and with similar treatment in vjvcry paiticular. This teaches the great importance of selecting the best varieties of seed for Bowing such as have been shown to possess abundant vigour and great fertility, in order that the best results may bo obtained. 2^ The variations manifest in the weight of crops produced on the uniform test plots on all the experimental farms are very groat. The largest and the smallest crops obtained at the Central Experimental Farm in 1805, and the differences between these are aa follows : — OatH Barley, two-rowed do si.v-rowed Spring wheat Pease PotatocR Indian Corn (cut green for silo) Turnips Mangels Carrots Largest Crop per Acre. 3 JS 74-4 43 IG 58-6 30-40 40 10 385- B O H 37-470 13-400 ■!)7r) Smallest Crop pur Acre. W r3 21) -1400' 1C16 20-8 32 14 13-40 30-20 133-51 C3 13-1280 «-408 22-(i82 11 -1100 Difference in Yield per Acre. 3 57-22 23-8 25-26 170 9-50 251-9 o 23 1190 7-888 15-294 18 300 While there are probably other influences which we are unable to detect or estimate which may account for some part of these differences in productiveness, there seems every reason to believe that the larger part can only be accounted for by an inherent difference in vigour and fertility in the varieties. There is no doubt that were the less productive sorts in cultivation replaced by the more prolific varieties and tliese grown under reasonably good conditions, that the change would bring an enormous gain to the farmers of this countiy. Some indication of the possibilities in this direction may be given by showing what gain would arise from a small increase per acre from the area under crop of each of the agricultural products referred to, in the single province of Ontario, taking the acreage as given in bulletin 6(3, 15th November, 1895, of the Ontario Bureau of Industries. Oats Barley Spring wheat . Pease Poiatoea Area under Crop in Ontario, 1895. Indian Corn (cut green for silo) Turnips Mangels Carrots Acres. 2,373,309 478,046 223.957 799,963 184,647 148,899 151,806 34.383 13,002 1^ !« S cts. 30 35 75 55 20 Per Ton. % cts. 1 50 3 00 3 00 3 00 Value of each Bushel lier Acre of In- crease for Ontario only. $ cts. 711,992 70 167,316 10 167,967 75 439,979 65 3t),929 40 Each Ton. 223,348 50 455,418 00 103,149 00 39,006 00 '• i, .i •< * li. «*• 'J8 That much attention is now being given to this important subject is shown by tba large and increasing demand for improved va- ietios of seed. The free distribution of improved sorts for test which has been carried on by the experimental farms during the past seven years has placed, in response to requests, 125,000 three-pound samples in the hands of about 70,000 farmers, and the results obtained from these samples have done much to awaken a general interest in the subject, but the possibilities indicated by the facts and figures submitted in this bulletin call for greater and more general eifort so that Canadian farmers every- where may the sooner reap the reward of increased crops and more remunerative employment offered by this line of improvement. Any increased productiveness obtained by the use of better seed would be nearly clear gain. It would add nothing to the cost of preparing the land or of seeding and but very little to that of harvesting or threshing. ' * • i. n .I'