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Tu Vidlrix Provincia ploras, LONDON; Printed for J. Hinxman, in Pater-nofter Row. Mdcclxiii. ^i' >'*\ 'i t T O HIS majesty's Principal Secretaries of State. >'*\ My LORDS, Ilntreat you not to think -mc guilty of Prefumption, when I affert, that if the following Hints are taken rightly by your Lordfliips, much Honour will accrue to your Adminiftration, and many Calamities be averted from the Heads of your Fellow Subjects. Who I am. f (vi) am, it matters not; be perfuaded only of this Truth, that could I de- vife any more efferfrn:e o^ Ccuada coiifidcrcd, In Two Letter:, lea >-cM. h'n\i- vanta;2:es I % •4^ rl ,1 ll l-l 1 ti up. but t I. C ( I' ) vantages of either one Acquifitlon or \\\t other, (being perhaps an utter Stranger to them botli) hut confines liiiiifelf clofcly to what he feems convinced of in his own Min.i, and what he probably flat- tered himfelf he (hould be able- to con- vince his Readers of, "jiz. Tie ahfJute Neccffity of rctaviing all Canada, J or the Security of our other Colonies, This Po- rtion he endeavours to prove from thcfe Arguments, That the Syjlem of Politicks laid doivn by the Salvages of America (njoho are a People of great natural Saga* city) is to prefer'-je a Sort of Balance of Power on that Co?! 'incut, bv reducing- the Stro??ger to an Equality liith the Weahr \ that ivhil/l they are independent y they are able to accompli fli this Fjid. That as Icng as there are tico different European Povoers in America (I fuppcfe he means tivo ichofe Inter efis jar) they are independent, as they can be furnijhed ivith Jimmunition by cm B 2 tQ i*^es \i ■4 Ml ( 12 ) fo adf againjl the other. Was there only one Power, then they would he dependent, as the Means of carrying on War would be in the Hands of that Power alone. But as their Ability of eitedling fo great a Work muft appear incredible, or, indeed, in the higheft Degree abfurd to an European Ear, he, in fome Mca- fure, arms himfclf againft the Imputa- tion of Extravagance, by explaining the Circumftances in which the Superiority of the Savages over a civilized and fet- tled Race of Men coniifts, znz. Their amazing Ilardinefs of Confiitution ; their Patience and Perfeverance j their excellent Cimnifigy a?id inimitable Swiftnefs ; the irrefiftible Nature and Force of their At^ tacks ; their Security from being attacked i but above ally the invincible Advantage which a People who fubfift entirely on Huntijtg and Shootings mufi have over 2 thofe \ % i .a: I % ^ I -J. J V5 ih rt , i 1 ( 13) fhofe who depend for Support on the Culti- vation of Lands, as the Demolition of Crops and Habitations, and effeBual Ruin, is to the latter one and the fame thing 5 ivhilft the former, on the other hand, can laugh in Security at any Attempts of this Na- ture from the Part of their Enemies, For as the Bark of the Trees furni flies them with Shelter, and their endlefs Forefis and numerous Rivers with Food, they know they cannot beferioufly difireffed. In fine, the Letter Writer has laid it down as a certain Truth, that a Frontier in America is vifionary, and confequently nothing can be a real Security to our Colonies, hut the fole and intire Fojjef Jion 0/ Canada, Now I cannot help thinking that the Syftem of this Writer is in one refpedt glaringly imperfedt ; for as he pofitively advances, '( i4 ) advances, that a Frontier in America is chimerical^ that neither the mojl immenfe Rivers, nor the greatefl Tradfs of inter- mediate Wildernefs, are any Bars to the all'Wafting Inciirfions of thefe Furies j why does he confine himfelf to the iimple PolTeffion of proper Canada, and a limited Tracl to the Weflward of the Lakes ? Why did he not infift on the Neceflity of adding all Louifiana to our Dominion, and diflodging the French from both Sides of the Mifjifipi ^ other- wife the Evil, from his own reafoning, is but half cured, as indeed we fatally experience at this Day. To this Objec- tion I am at a Lofs what Reply he could make, unlefs that at the T!ime he wrote thefe two Letters, he foujid the Generality of People at hoine fo injatuatcd with their Vifton of a Frontier, and fo averfe to giving our good Friends the Spaniards even the Shadow of Umbrage^ that their Ears I i,H I r% t m ( 15 ) Ears umid not bear the Truth in its full Extent, fo ivas compelled to be fatisjled with delivering half his Opinion, H TV, But as I am not quite fo delicate as this Gentleman, and as my lone; Refi- dence on that Continent, and frequent Intercourfe with the Indians, (from hav- ing been confiderably concerned in the Fur Trade) have perhaps qualified me as well for this taik, and as I am prompted by the prefent melancholy Si- tuation of our Colonies, I {hall, with the utmoft Unreferve and Freedom, com- fiiunicate my Sentiments in regard to the deftrudive Tumult (for I fuppofe it is not decent, fo immediately on the Conclufion of a glorious, adequate, and folid Peace, to term it a War,) now ra- ging on our Frontiers, and which, I am appiehenfive, will foon penetrate to the Vitals of our Colonics. It appears to me then. ( i6 ) then, that there are only two Methods of treating this Evil; the one by ren- dering the Indians dependent upon us ; the other, by conciliating their Affedliom to us. The former would not only effec- tually remove the Diforder, but prevent all Pofllbility of its Return. The latter will be but a temporary Relief. But as the Pulfe of my Countrymen is at pre- fent, I am afraid, (on the clofe of fo long, fo expenfive, and fo bloody a War) too low to rifk the former Operation (which is no lefs than difpojfeffing the French from both Sides of the Miffiffipi, § before they can^ in any conjiderable De- gree, § It may probably be fuppofed, that fhould the French be totally expelled from North America, it would by no Means follow, that the Indians would be reduced to a State of Dependency upon us, as they might ftill be fupplied with Arms and Ammu- nition from our own Traders ; in whom the Thirft of Gain is predominant over all other Confidera- tions. But nothing can be more idle, than this Sup- pofition. A fevere Provincial Law, ena61:ing it highly S 1 ♦ ^ ^i). % I 111! V > '■''■<■% ■3 fethods 'S', the Horn to ' efFec- >revent : latter But as t pre- of fo War) ration ^ t&e fiflipi, • De- gree, Id the 7V/7, it would us, as mmu- rhirft idera- : Sup- ig it lighly 3' i. li fSJ; ( ^7 ) gre^i re-eJ}ahJijh their Mciriiic) although I think, their dilatory and elufive Pio- hlghly penai, pr indeed capital, to hold any Traf- fick with the Indiam^ unicfs in certain cflabliflicd Marts, would render it impoflible for them to ob- tain luch Qiiantities, as to enable them to enter into a regular i'y (tenia tical War with us. They might perhaps, indeed, (If it was worth their while) fmuggle from our Frontier Towns, fmall Parcels fufficient for temporary hunting, but this could be attended with no ill Confcquences. Over thele Marts proper Perfons fhould be appointed to fuperintend'an Office, which the Commanding Officers of the refpedive Polls arc, I think, full as well qualified to execute as any other Perfons j for it may be affirtcd, (to the Honour of the Gen- tlemen of the Army) that the Majority of them {^provided the Teinptatlon u not too vaji^ or their Power of too long Continuante) have fome Senfe of Honour, and fome Regard for their Countr)- ; ar,\ Affi^rtion, which might perhaps be deemed rafli in, Favour of any other Order of A4en. Indeed, I. was once weak enough to wifli, that the Manage- ment of the Indians might have been left folcly to Sir IVill'iam "Johnj'on \ but fince that wonderful Dif- covery has been made, how dangerous a Popularity this Gentleman might ;icquirc amongfl them, by obferving that Rule of Conc!u6i: which he laid down to himfelf, and v/hich ignorant People (wiio are Strangers to the Ambition of the Man) call Candour^ Benevolence^ and Jnflicr^ I can by no Means think it advifeable, that he Ihould be any longer intruftcd. C ceedlnoj i wi ( «8l ceeding in the Demolition of Du?ikirk, and infamous Difregard to Faith, in dif- claimlng the moft ficred of all Obliga- tions, tLc "oajl Swns due for the Mainte- nance of iheir SubjeBs^ ivho ivere Pri-^ foners loitb us through the ivhole Courfe cf the JViU\ would juflify our adopting this Meafurc, not only in the Eye of the mod rigid Civilian, but even by the ConftfTion of thofs States who* are the lead partial to us. i in -ii I But I fay, as I am apprehenfive the Pulfe of my Countrymen is at prefent too low to rillv this Experiment, I fhall infill: chiefly on the latter, and more mo- derate, which (although I am myfelf fufpicious of its Efficacy) may appear to many well-meaning People the more eligible Method, viz. The CoJiciliation of the Indians ^eSiions to us. To ( 19) •I u.-^ To accomplKh this Purpofc, the moQ: infalUble Means would be, to look back, and minutely confider our Conduct, fince our firft Communicaflion with them, and then to refolve, for the future, to ad in every Article diametrically the rrcerfc ; a Scheme, which with Difficulty will be put in Pradice, unlcfs the greateft Re- gard and Attention is paid to the Cha- radters of the feveral Governors, and Commander in Chief, who are fent over to that Continent. I include the Com- mander in Chief, becaufe the Nature of his Ofiice, and the Extent of his Power is fuch, that the bed Meafures of the moft accompliflied Governors, might be defeated by his Ignorance or Perverfcnefs, As Mr. Amherjli I am informed, is returning home, (a Circiwijlance much to be lamented^ by the Coknics luiivcrjall)', and C 2 mere 13 .i I m ■ i ■ 1 ! 'in ( 20 ) . more fOf ij po/Jiblc, by the Arm)y which has been fo happy and vi Morions under his Aiifpices) I hope it will not be thought prefuming, or unTeafonable, to point out the Qualifications requifite for that im- portant Trufl. The Perfon then who is appointed to this great Station, (hould not only be pof- fcfled of the fundamental Attributes of a General, fuch as Courage without Rajh* ficfsy Coolnefs without Thlegm^ A6iivity^ Zealy Capacity, Szc. but as he is fo far removed from the Infpedlion of the Go- vernment, and confequently his Autho- rity little fubjedl to Controul j and as the Bulk of People at home may form their Notions of his Merit and Condudt from his own Accounts principally, by his having almcjl an ahjolute Co7nmand over the Packets ; and as his Office is not purely military, (but by a Sort of Courtefy, 4 I V "I I 1 # 1 k ( 21 ) Courtefy, has a Mixture of Viceroyalty in it) it is like wife ncceffary he fliould be endowed with many (^alities, which, in a General more immediately under the Eye of the Government, arc not fo abfolutely requifite. His military Talents (though certainly very material) are per- haps the lead to be confideicd ; for as the Nature of that War (now the French are, /;/ Appearance^ out of the Queftion) is confined to the Fetite Guerre^ or Far- tizan IVaTy it can fcarcely happen that he (hould be under the Neceffity of act- ing in Perfon. His firft and eflential Bufmefs will therefore be to make himfelf Mafter of the Geography of that Country, not by poring ever defeBive Maps^ and the Le^ gends of MiJJionarieSy in his great Chair at Head ^larters, but by vifiting him- felf, (as far as is confiftent with his per- fon a I i)l I H^ Hi ( 22 ) foftal Safety) the great Chain of Forts and Pofts on our vaft extended Fron- tier; by examining, with his own Eye, the Conveniencles and Inconveniencies of the numerous navigable Rivers, the Na- vigation and Harbours of the Lakes, the Nature, Length, and Difficulties of the Portages * and Defiles, which muft be pafled on the different Communications : I fay it is neceffary that he fliould ex- amine thefe Things with his own Eye j for otherwife, by Ignorance, or falfc Ac- counts, he may be led into a thoufand Meafures, unnecessary, pernicious, and EXTRAVAGANT; fuch as making ^;/ erroneous Diftribution oj his T^roops^ harraf- fmg them to no Piirpofe, buihiing expenfive Forts^ where they ere not material \ ne» gleBing others that are j throwing away * The Diftances from one navigable Water to another, over which Boats are carried by Land. numberlcfs i of Forts led Fron- own Eye, niencies of , the Na- ^akes, the ies of the muft be nications : lould ex- vvn Eye J falfc Ac thoufand NICIOUS, aking an , barraf- cxpenjive 'ial'y 726' \?ig away Water to ^and. mherlcfi I (23) numberJefs Lives, by omitting to provide proper Vejfeh for the different Navigatio?is of the different Lakes j and a Multitude of other irreparable Mifchiefs, which can only be avoided by his own immediate Knowledge of the Country, After this, his next Care (as he is not fuppofed to adt in Perfon) will be in the proper Choice of the Perfons who are to execute his feveral Plans; and in thia Mr. Amherjl has fetan Example, worthy of I nitation, to all who fliall fucceed him. He has greatly and boldly fet afide that riJiculous Refpedl for Senio- rity, and fonictimcs been known to have employed evcnfirnple Colo.ich, in the mofl important Commands, in Prefcrrciice to Men of fupci-ior P^ank, but inferior Qna- lifications. But bcGdcs tliis Faculty of difcerning what Men are bcft adapted to particular Taflis, as (from the Nature of that • il ■ill!: ( 24 ) that Service, Succefs depends on the Spi- rit of the Troops more independently ' of other Circumftances than in any other kind of War) there is one other Property 4norc requifite (if poflible) in the Commander of an American Army, 'than of any other, and for which the fame illuftrious Perfonagc is equally confpicuous, as he is for all other Ex- cellencies ; it is that IFarmth^ thaf'Z^al, that Animation^ ivith which he never foils to reward any gallant and mcrito- rims ABion, immediately and amply, not only in the lower Order of Officers, but . in common Soldiers -, by adhering to which generous Maxim, he has worked up that Army to an incredible Degree of what may not fo properly be Ailed Courage as Chivalry *. But U S*' i * Several very remarkable Inftancc? cf this Spirit liavc been related to me, by ^holc who have fervcd itk il ^ •fW' II the Spi-" :pendently 1 in any one other :)(rible) in an Army, 'hich the s equally >ther Ex- that'Z'idU he never d mcritO" imply, not HccrSy but ing to s worked e Degree be ftiled But this Spirit Iiave fervfd 1 I (25) But (as I have already obfcrved) his Office is not purely mihtary. He Hunild have in the Am^rUan Army : From thcfc, I (hall only U* Ic6t two, which may fcrvc as a SjKcinicn of their general Charadler. In the Year 1759, after thf glorious ReduSllon ff 7ninderogat and after having (ecu that important for- trefs of Crown-Point put on a refpe<5lable Footiii'';, Mr. Amherjl determined with liis little Army to effct^t, if poifible, a Junction with General tyolfey in the River St, Lawrence ; but many almofl; iiiftirmount' able Obftacles lay in his Way ; amongit the rell fome armed Ships of confiderable Force ; one of which was anchored about a Mile from the Shore. This, two common Soldiers, or non^commiilioncd Officers, undertook to fet on fire. They were accord- ingly furniihed with Machines, fomewhat on the Prmciple of what I am told military Men call a Pe- tard, which they were to carry in their Hats, as the only Means of prcfcrving them dry : Thus accoutred, they fwam filently to the Ship, and actually fixed one of them to its Stern ; in the Operation, they were unfortunately difcovercd, and challenged by the Centinels on Deck \ but nntwith(tanding this, they perfifted, moved to the Head of the Ship, and re- peated their Attempt j and, it is fuppofed, that they would ad^ually have accompIiOied their Scheme, had there not been fome unlucky Defeat in the Compo- fition, which would not take Fire; fo the Mifcar- riage mult be imputed alone to the Artillery Officrr, who prepared the Compofltion, However, notwith- D fianding 1. 7-7. I .**^-, (26 ) have fomc other Qualifications than what are required in a mere military Man. As Mil' i!ri ii^ the Ship's Crew was alarmed, they perfevered until one of them received a Wound in rhe Shoulder by n Hatchet ; then with Reluctance retired. The other In (lance, which I lliall beg Leave to mention, is this : The Year afti^rwardt., in the River St. Lawrence^ at the Attack of IJJe Royals the Commodore's Ship, which carried a confiderable Share of the great Am- muniti,)!!, by (ome Accident ran on fliore, within fitty or fjxty Yards of the French Batteries, the Guns of which were immediately turned upon her, and at length obliged her to furrcnder, which might have proved a moft embarraffin2; Event to the General, as the Lofs of the Ammunition which fhe contained, might have impeded, in fomc meafure, the Ope-? rations of the Campaign. The only Remedy was to be poflefled of her before Night j that is to fay, before the French could bum her j for whilft Day lafted, they would nofventure to pafs to her in their Keats, as they mult have been expofed to our Bat- teries, v^hich were cre£tcd on each Side of the Ri- ver. In this Interim, two Subalterns with thirty Men, thri-'.v themfclvcs into two difterent Boats, palled through the whole Fire of the Cannon and Small Arms of the Fort, entered the Port-holes, re- hoifted EngHJ]) Colours with fheir own Hands, snJ kept P> aijliion of the Ship, until under Covert, of the the Nijiiit, our Boats were etiabled to pafs to her, r.p.d by thefc Means to {ecure a confiuerable Part of the AniiTiMnition. I pafs over the taking of an eigh- tcen-gun Ship, by three i];uiil Boats, at the fame time, and H ■S n what Man. As ired until )ulder by "he other , is this : nence^ at :'s Ship, eat Am- , within he Guns °, and at 2;ht have neral. as ntained, le Ope-r ledy was to fav, ilft Day in their 3ur Bat- the Ri- h thirty Boats, ion and >1gs, re- ds, ^t\l t, of the to her. Part of m eigh- le time, and J if* -j^- ^--v* ' ( 27 ) As it is probable that he will fometimes be under the Necefiity of acting the Part of Mediator betwixt one Province and another, betwixt the Afiembiies and their refpedive Governors, he Hiould be endued with fome Degree of Eloquence, and perfedly acquainted with 'he Grounds and Merits of their feveral Difputes, which can, perhaps, be only terminated by his In'crpofiuon. His Connexion with the Indians demand, that he fliould not only be a Man of confummate Integrity ; of too liberal and extenfive a way of Thinking to defpife his Fellow-Creatures, bccauie they differ D z from and tlic fam? Place-, the Lan'lijT- of J.ouh'^^'Oiircf. and many other Fcnts equally brilliant, as I ain iK^t ac- quainted with the Detail of them ; but f t u'c the Li' bcrty to he (bme v'n' circuni'Kintial on the tw ^ (or-f mer AiSlions, as I had rhe Paitinrars from a iJeii tlenian who was an Kys-witncfs, and wlio niakc3 no doubt, but that thnf,; brave Mon who i^orf inn'd th'^ni, W'..re in?nediatc!y reiuarucd in a nsbh and adcm qnate Manner^ I 28 ) from himfelf in Complexion and Cuf- iloms (when, perhaps, they are his Su- periors in Capacity, and every thing which Mankind Hiould, with Proprie- ty, value itfelf upon). He fhould be a Man of too much Juftice and Huma- nity to treat them without Regard to Faith and Decorum, becaufe they are called Savages : I fay, he fliould not only be really poflefTcd of thefe Quali- ties, but (what may appear ridiculous to thofe who are unacquainted with the Singularities of the Indians) he fhould have them, in fome meafure, (lamped on his Countenance, as of all their Sin- gularities, none is more remarkable than their Su perdition in Phyfiognomy : For Inftance, they cannot feparatc the Idea of a down-cajl Look from Malignity and treachery ^ Refervejrom Emptinefs^ or So» lemnity Jrom Stupidity, For thefe Rea- fons, an open^ frank andereSt Countenance 3 * ft 4 if It ;^). i« J' i Cuf- bis Su- thing ropric- 1 be a Elutna- ard to ey are Id not Quali. ous to h the fhould imped r Sin. ::tban : For Idea I' and ^r So» Rea. nance • It 'M 9 'm I m r (29) is of the utmoft Importance, as is like- wife an unreferved Sxyle of Converfatlon; for they cannot be perfuaded but that inflexible Silence muft harbour evil In- tentions ; and, as it is certain, that the bare Sufpicion of Evil being intended againft them, may be attended writh the moft tragical Confequences. It is highly incumbent therefore on who- ever fucceeds to this great Office, carefully to avoid giving them even the leaft Shadow for fufpedling, that any illegal Encroach- ments upon their Territories are pro- jedted ; for I can fcarcely believe, that there is fo great a Monjler in Exijience^ as really to form any Defigns of this Na- ture, when he confiders, that in order to gratify a worthlefst upjlarty rapacious Sy- cophant^ he muft tji'vohe ijohole Provinces in Ruin, Blood and Defolation *. People ♦ His Majefty's Proclamation of the 7th of Offo- ktr^ with the View of leaving the Indiam unmole.lesl in &r ( 3o) People of a defponding Turn may b^ apt to imagine, that, fhould the whole Earth be ranfacked, no one Perfon (the prefent excellent Commander excepted) can be found, in whom all thefe rare Accomplilhments and happy Circum- ftances are united. I confefs, I once de- fpaired of it myfelf j but, upon confult*- ing fome of my Acquaintance, who have been convcrfant with our General Officers^ I have been affured that he is not v^^ith- out bis Felloius, I ■^' in their PofTeflions, prohibits the feveral Governors-, and Commander in Chief of that Continent, to pafs Patents for any Lands, beyond the bounds of their refpeilive Governments, or beyond the Heads of the Rivers, which fall from the Weft, and North Weft, into the Jtlantick^ but within thefe Bounds by vaft Tracts of the fineft Grounds, which the Indians ab- folutely deny were ever ceded to us, or fairly purchafed by us. Indeed the Six Nations^ or hrcqucis^ who fliould be confidered as the Primum Mobile of Ac- tion to all the reft, fcarcely ever hunt on any other Lands, than what are comprehended within the aforelald Limits, viz. from the Souices of the AIo- hawk and Sufquchaiina Rivers, down towards the Occun, Ifliall i^ : - £ 1 i n maybe- he whole r^on (the -xcepted) lefe rare Circutn- once de- confuiN ho have Officersy )t with- Jvernorr, ■J to pafs of their ^s of the h Weft, by vaft '/<7w ab- Tchafed ■-fj who of Ac- y other '\n the le v^/^, ds I he f .■I (31) I fliall now, with all Deference to my Superiors, venture to hint at the kind of Charadler bcft adapted for the Govern- ment of our Provinces, efpecially our new acquired ones 5 a Tafk, which I own would be ufelefs, were Men im- mortal, or had we any Infurance that no untimely Accidents might deprive the Pub- lick of thofe accomplifhed Gentlemen, who have lately (to the immortal Ho- nour of the Government, and the Satis- fadion of all good Men) with fo much Propriety and Judgment been appointed to thofe Stations j but as the well or ill Adminiftration of Canada is undoubtedly of the mod cffential Concern to the Publick, I fliall dwell chiefly on the Qualifications which ought to be mani- feft in the Perfon, to whom fo great, fo extenfive, and fo important a Charge is intruded ; \ Ii' (32) intrufted. He ftiould not only be a Man of unimpeached Integrity, of a clear and found TJfiderflanding^ but of the moji governable PaJ/ions j he fhould be one whofe Nature WOULD NOT ONLY REVOLT at ASli of Cruelty, but even at whatever has the leaft Semblance of Severity y Opprefjion^or Tyran^ ny ; he fhould be a Stranger to Avarice* Envy and Revenge ; he fhould be a Friend to the Conftitution of his Coun- try, and to the Liberties of Mankind in general ; he (hould be a Man, fuch, in fhort, as the prefent Governor is univeT" fally allowed to be *• But (hould that Colony ever be un- happy enough to fall under the Rod of a Man of an oppofite Charadler, there is no painting to our Imagination what might be the Extent of their Sufferings j for (as no civil Judicature is eflabliihed in that * The Honourable Jamts Murray^ Efqj Country, (33 ) Country, and as tlie only Charter of Se- curity for their Liberty and Property is contained in the Cipituliition of Mo?itrcal, the Spirit of which might be eUided by a thoLifand Prevarications *) their Perfons would he at the Mercy of his Passion AND Caprice ; their Fortunes of his Ra- pacity. Their Trade (the Source of their Fortunes) he might monopolize into his cnjon HfiJidSi under njurious Pretences, He might draw Precedents Jrom the iniquitous Pro- ceedings \y^ * From the Nature and Circumftances of this Co- lony, it muft be a very confiderjble time before any Form of Civil Government can he eftabiifiied. la the fr.ean time, few of thofe who may be injured, will attempt redrefiing themfelve?, by Appeals tt) his Majeftv''' Privy Cound! ; as this Method will be attended v/ith great Delays, Expence and Difficul- ties, especially when they confider, that their Op- preflor inuft be a Pcrfon of <:reat VVeij^ht ^\vS Inte- left, from the high Office which has been conferred upon him; for luci> h^l.' poor People (who h\ve been ufed to an nrhitrary G< to fay all in a Word, he had the Honour of adling in Capacity of Quaeftor to that generous, that amiable^ that upright and clean-handed Nobleman^ the * Colonel Grant, . ( 41 ) the Conqueror of the HavamiaJj, As to ' the latter, or Pcnfacola Prefer, I am an Utter Stranger to both his Perfon and Charadler 5 therefore cannot pretend to fay any thing either of his Virtues or De- merits *. I (hall now take the Liberty to hint to thofe Gentlemen, who in any future Times may be appointed to thefe Stations, that although all the Qualifications which 1 have here delineated, (hould combine in one and the fame Perfon, they would be infufficient, if unhappily tarniQied by one very ridiculous, but no uncommon Weaknefs j I mean Provincial or National Prejudice. I am fenfible it is unnecef- fary to addrels myfelf on this Subjed to the prefent Governors, who fortunately are all Natives of Scotland, and confe- quently, to a Man, exempt from this F Failings. * For this Reafan, when the Governors arc fpoVe of in general Terms, through the Courle ot th tic Ta- pers, ""nothing is alluded to this Gentleman. ( 42 ) Failing. But I fliall fuppofe an Irijh or TorkJJnreman^ (in their Situation, and with the fame Extent of Power) thus unhappily biaffed towards their refpcc-^ tive Countrymen, what infinite ill Blood, Animofity, and Difcord (obftrudlivc to the general Good) might not their par- tial Diflindions create, not only amongft the Adventurers in Commerce, and Set- tlers, but even amongft the Military ? When the whole in Juftice ought to be treated indifcriminately, as the Children of one common Mother, and embarked in one common Caufc, the Welfare of their Parent, I make no doubt, but that it was this Confideration alone which induced the Government to fet afide Mr. Gage, who was Senior, both as Officer and Gover- nor, to Mr. Murray^ and who, in all other Refpeds, was a Man of unque- flionable Charadler and Abilities, but in 4 this (43 ) this Article could never fhake off the unhappy Influence of his Education ; it feeois this Gentleman was born in Glou- celierjl)ire, where he had imbibed fo ex- travagant and illiberal a PrepoflefTion in Favour of his Compatriots, amongft whom, indeed, he included the Natives of two or three adjacent Counties, that it is notorious he would (to the utmoft of his Power) in every (hape, patronize, abet, and promote the moft undeferving of thefe, in Preference to others of the fivk Merit; but who had the Misfor- tune to fpring from a different Quarter of the Ifland. Indeed for the fame Rea- fons, (on the Suppolition of Mr. Am- berji\ adually returning home) I can by no Means think it politick, that this Gen- tleman (liould.be intrulled with the Com- mand of the Army, (although I know, by the common Order of Things, it would devolve to him, as he is at prefent F ^ fecond) ( 44 ) fecond) for I fliould expe(5t to fee in a very fiiort: Time, the Bulk of the Officers of that Army copipofed of Gloucejler- Jhire, Worcejlerj .'.r and Hjrejordjhire Men ; the Confcqnence of which, (ef- pecially fmce the pafling of the late Cyder Adt) I leave to wiftr Heads thnn my own to determine. But it may now, with great fceming Propriety be aflr.cd, what thi End I propofe to myfelf, in giving tnis Catalogue of Virtues and Endowments rcquifitc for the proper Difcharge of tliefe important Trulls, when it is evi- dent, that they are already committed to tJie Hands of Men fo every Way accom- pliflied ? I confefs that this Exception would be juft, wTre human Affairs lefs fragile but alas I the Pubiick may be de- prived of thcfe excellent Perfonages by a thoufand Accidents. Envy and Malice were ever attendant on exalted Merit ; their befl: Adions rray be mifreprefented; their very Virtues may be turned againfl them i / \ / ' \ ( 45 ) them ; and foch Artifices may be ufed, and (uch Clamours raifed, by ill defigning People, that the prefent, or fome future Adminvftration, may find themfelves under the Neceffity of removing them, even againft the Bent of their own In- clinations ; or they, perhaps, may them- felves voluntarily refign. finding their Salaries by no Means in Proportion to the Dignity of their Office, and the Af- fluence which they have been accuftomed to from their Cradles ; and we may be affured, that they would fliudder at the Thoughts of making up the Deficiencies, by any clandeftjne or indireft Methods. Or, as I have already obfef^ed, Man's Life is every where precarious, but more fo in that Hemifphere. The Damps and vehement Heats of Florida, muft un- doubtedly be extteamly prejudicial to Northern Conftitutions } but in Canada, the human Frame has innumerable Foes to combat with, not only the fudden Viciffitudes I ( *6 ) Viciffitudcs and rigorous Extreams of the difForcnt Seafons, the exceffive Frofts of Winter, the Humidity of the Spring, the Intenfenefs of the Summer Suns, but the Moon has likewiie^ in that Climate, a very extraordinary Influence upon fome Coaftitutions, and is produdiive of a Dif- order which often proves fatal *• I * This Diforder, in ihe Indian Language, is cal- led called Hahonieraxis, or the Malady of the Stuansy it being obferved that thofe Animals fly higher or lower, croak, or fing, neftle together, or void their Excrements on each other, according to the Increafe or rDecrr afe of the Moon, I have been told by Peo- ple who have refided long in that Country, that its £fie6b on the human Species are different, but all very extraordinary $ fometimes the afllidled Perfcn is feized with a fit of whining^ f awning, and crouching ; 9t other Tim^4 he will burft out, without any vifi- blc Occafion, into ihe msfl horrid Imprecations ^Jiamp^ iick the Chairs, roll his Eyes, and foam at the Mouth 5 fometimes fo firange a Miil is caft over his Eyes and Underftanding, that he will miftake a Regiment of Soldiers for a Team of Cart Horfes j an Officer's Face fcf a Spitting-Box; the Property of another Man, or the Publick's, for iiis own ; at other Times, he will imagine himfelf REALLY A GENERAL, and fancy that be is giving proper Orders, and making a Difpofition, when he is only uttering Vollies of Bawdy, Blajphemy, and the hwejl Buffoonery, . . . From V (47) From thcfe melancholy RefleSions, I have thought it incut.. bent upon me to contribute my Mite to the Service of my Country, by fuggefting to People in Pov^rer, the Neceffity of making Provl- fion in Time, againft all Events, by caft- ing their Eyes on fome Perfons, who (if not exad Copies) may refemble, at leaft in fome Features, thefe inimitable Ori- ginals,, •1 A P P E N; ,>•■ ■%»■•. ^■1 t- j.» » I A P P E N D I X. f» < . I ■J- . T may probably be objected to thefc Pages, that they have nothing in them conclufive : to which the Au- thor will only make this Anfwer, that were they conclufive, they would be np longer what they are entitled, and what they are intended to be, viz. Meer Hinfs» ■■^'■, Indeed, they (hould, in fome meafure, be J^ confidered as an abftradted Corollary tot , ti the two Pamphlets, wliich they fo dif- fufively quote, and of which the Perufal is recommended, for the htiter cqm'^ preheadtng 6f many Circumftances the prcfcnt Paper. ■W #■ la "5»- *.^' r:f% *►/- '^t~fiy. X ^ ¥r:f N I s. ^■f.■''•^•A/ •.J(V., ■>;•■ » fcr t 'q»*» ■*•*., *-* ■,..••»■>- ^■^^ X. fe in .r^ '■^'L. II- ifal .jr<„^ .13 V.^i. . « V " t ^ ■1