.'v^ W> *«►.- IMAGE EVALUATION TEST TARGET (MT-3) // 1.0 I.I 1.25 mtiS, 12.5 lit lii 12.2 U III 1.6 6" V] v5 /. *V.°V Photographic Sdences Corporation '^^ V ^q V \\ ^( meaning "CON- TINUED"), or the symbol V (meaning "END"), whichever applies. IMaps, plates, charts, etc., may be filmed at different reduction ratios. Those too large to be entirely included in one exposure are filmed beginning in the upper left hand comer, left to right and top to bottom, as many frames as required. The following diagrams illustrate the method: Les Imager sulvantes ont 6tA reproduites avec le plus grand soin. compte tenu de la condition at de la nettet« de l'exemplaire fiim«, at en conformity avec les conditions du contrat de filmage. Les exemplaires orlglnaux dont la couverture en papier est imprimis sont filmis en commen^ant par le premier plat at en terminant soit par la dernidre page qui comporte une empreinte d'Impression ou d'iilustration, soit par te second plat, salon le cas. 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RE-PRINTED JPor the Upper'Canada JftUttta, At RUTHVEN'S, Book & Job Printing Office, &c. KINO STREET, HAMILTON, UPPER-CANADA. let. April, 1839. OEINIIEI^^L ©l^Ddi^a Horse Guards, Ist. Septembet, 1834. With referenee to the System of Field Exercise and Evolutions, established by the King's Command, and published to the Army by His Majesty's authority, the General Commanding-in-Chief has deemed it expedient that the following Abstract should be prepared from the said work, for tlie use, information, and guidance of the Non-commissioned Officers of the Army. His Lordship therefore commands, that every Serjeant of Caval- ry and Infantry shall be provided with a copy of this Abstract, and that the Rules and Instructions therein contained shall be str ictly , adhered to. By command of His Lordshp, The Commander-in-Chief, JOHN MACDONALD, Adjutant General. Sectioi 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. I 6. ' 7. ■ 8. 9. * 10. U. . 12. ; 14. I 15. r'^ I . '• ^tq>pi"g out "' I guidance of the 9. Stepping Shon .,^ * 10. MarJdng Time *.'.*.'.*.*.*.*."!!.*.'!!*! 7 Serjeant of Caval- I .V P''' ^'^''-\V'' '"'''"''''° ^'^'P* * * '• • • •••*'."' '. ' '. !*.*.! .* .' '.' ' ]h ,,..,, , , . I-*- ^tvpping Back ; this ^J./rad, and ^1,. Cimngu\^. the feet J .. ,« i shall be strictly 14. Oblique "Stop r* 1'3. The Quick Sup. . .*.'.'.*. v.*. ^^• ■ 16. The Double March ..V.V.V.V.V.'.'.V.V.V.V *" ib^ ,, ,-, . CLOSE ORDER. ; , ''• l:J'''^«'^ing when Halted. ^^ -22. Oblique Marching in Front. . . w^ '^3. Diagonal March. ! ... ^^'' 16 •01 n .. . ^ITH ARMS. ^i--*"!- Position of thf; Soldier , '-' ?^' ■^i^^^'-*'"t Motions of the Fir JJJcik .'.V '..\'l [] }? 06. Attention in funning tl^, Squad " .f* — 2i. Opcii Ortier *^- 88. CloseOrdcr.., ^^ ib. .!• IV S(!Ct ■MK •n. 1. •2. .'}. 4. 5. 6. •7. H. 9. 10. U. 12. 13. 1 CONTENTS. ion. 4 Manual Exercise '^Ta ^T^' Time i? **• .Sentries '.*. ^^ J'^ Corporals 7 ^^• MethodofPiling Arms. .*.*.'.'. v.*. v.*. ]f,' ' , Unpile Arms. .: if' *^- ^ Fusil Exercise *.'.*.'.'.'.*.'.*/.*.'.'.'.*. Ji iu ' Platoon Exkrcise and different Firings 27 To fire kneeling ,^ ^ g, . , How performed at the Halt .'.','.*.'.*.'.'! 34 ^ ' Independent, or File Firing .'*''* ,a on i Firings ''. //// ';• P- * Marching to the Front and Rear .' .' .' * .* .' .* * .'.'.'.* .' .' i^ « 1 a Open and Close Order, on the March 37 * * March in File to a Flank ,7, «., » Wheeling in File .......'. 38 Wheeling forward from the Halt. . . .'.'.*.'.*.*.'.'.'.'. " ,7, 00 ^ Wheeling backward ;. 39 r* ^ Wlieeling on a iialted and Moveable Pivot /./.... ib Stepping Out— Stepping Short— Marking Time— Chang. ' '■ v^ T~^'il? ^A^'" Step-Stepping Back-The Ob- i,p^p hque Step— The Diagonal March ^j. ^^^^ PART II. C 'nma OF THE COMPANY. ' fe^^ Formation of the Company 41 Welir Marching to the Front 42 f he Ah 1 he Back Step. 44 fj^^^^. FileMarchmg... 45 ^(^^^ ^^ Wheeling from a Halt ,j. p j Wheeling forward by Sub-divisions from Line 46 Echcllor H heeling backward by Sub-divisions from Line ib. firinr/s. Marching on an Alignement in open Column of Sub-di- Formatit visions 47 ^jj^^j^ J,. Wheeling^into Line from Open Column of Sub-divisions ib. When th In Open Column of Sub-divisions entering into a new di. , rection on a Moveable Pivot 49 ! Counter-marching * ^ * ^-^ Counter-march by Files , = „,!,. .*.\\V\\\\' '.*.*.*. ib] llGHT Couuter.march by Ranks 50 iig„als ai Page. 18 24 ib. ih. ih. 25 ib. 27 31 34 ih. 35 ih. 37 ib. 38 ' ih. 39 ib. nu; — Chang, c— The Ob. ih. >*••••••••• 41 42 43 .......... 44 .•.•...*«. to. ..I. .••«.• 4o • <...•«..• to. 0.. .«• . • . . 4d lino ih, I of Sub-di. 47 ub.divisions ib, :o a new di. 49 ib. ib. 50 I CONTENTS, fection. Jl- B^^^ZrtZ?:'''''''''''^^^-^'^^y "^' 18. TJie Company hi OpeiVccVumn Vf sJb-divi«ionVto'nasVa ^^ iQ T,f°;l ^^'«'« by breaking off Files ^^'^'^^^ to pass a ^ ii'Ar^'''"^.-?''''^ "'• "" '^'' ^"'•^h moves to ; Flank, . in Column of Sections, or of Sections of Threes ... 54 01 ^^V'"^ces from File Marching -« vi.sSZ.^?;'!';!'.^'!"!^''*^'" ^p^'" coiumi;*;f su*b.di: ^2. The Company moJilig'tV t'h'J *FVom 'to 'gVii'i 'gVoimd* 'to"a '** 60 J^'^''^' -'y ^ ^''i''^'^ '» Echollon, by Sections ^7 23. To form the Rallying S.juare. . .....;... !;.*;. ;;;;;; 5^ I PART III. General principles for the movements of a I, battalion. I^ommands i)ogrees of March. .*..'.'.*!!.'.*!] ^^ flarcliirig in Line .*.*.*.*.' **• tVhcelin^ 61 lie Alignement "''^ ts of Formation.... .';;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;; «6 sinff Opei Clc ^hcllon fnngs ...•.•.•.:;;;;: ^*. formation of the Battalion. ... 72 When the Battalion takes Open OrdeV.*. **: When the Battalion resumes Close Order. *.*.'.*.*.*.; If PART IV. ight infantry. . . .goals and Sounds for regukt'i^g kUemen;'. '. *. '. *. WWW ]!. i I I I ii H cowmiTs. f DetaU of Forraatioa ''^ ' [ Skirmishing i ..... *.'.*.*.*.!!.*'**' 88 Advanced Guard , . . .*.*.*.*,'.* .'.*.' * * ' [[ gj Patboles W * ' '^ *^ *.'.*.'* an Rear Guard * «« Piquots, bod tJieir iiuntricH .V...V.//. "1..... \ «i MISCELLANEOUS, ^hk ir Mode to he observed in dismissing a Company off Parade 9fl answer Manner of Inspecting a Company on Parade "■ if, #,p ,,,„. Posting of Sentinels ,. , IOC Compliments to be paid by Non-comn^'issioned officers and So).' T'^ '"" diers to Officers of the Royal Navy, Army and Marines. 101 J""'"''" To fire a Feu dc Jore j^^., jbrtim Directions for Funcrar Parties.. 103 iHiei-ef ^!""g--; --; :.■■":::"::::":::::::::::::::;; 105 i.-.uit.,i Aiming at an Object. -a - ,, The Traversing Rest ■■'.; ',' '• ^''*^''' Fixing Flints ' " J J l^'nd on Burriing Priming . ganccs Blank Cartridge 'SZ.'.ZZZ'.Z [ ii, iacwH. Ball Firing ' f , , ^ iO- wiichod, TIIE MANUAL Ax\0 PLATOON EXERCISES OF <^".!.'l»t t^ RIFLEMEN. Oct be k The Manual E.kkkcisr j I, &tifruo o From the Order to Tmil Arms V.*.*.".'.".'.'.'.'.'.'.; '. M^ mud. int Prom the Trail to Order Arms ;/,».• Platoox Exercisr ''\ "'"■^""'"^ To wait for the Words of Command '.".' ['.'.'.'.'.'.]'.'. '. ib ^''''''' ■ wards to lloi.se anc ■ • ■ The hi Q|)on the Eecruits ) out the CO to beat th( whenever me time, ( '*«' ^« >^hom thi« duty i. intrusted, and who «re to b. '^ *^""^^' ^? .nswerable or ,ts o.xcc.tion, must possess an accurate kuowLdj.^ ,>f i;;^' *" f"''^ ""'^ ^-^ ^"^^"-'^ -"d -in- «"eh a clear, firm, and con- .fficcrsand'Soi: T'^ '""mKrof .onv.-ying their instructions, as will omnmand fro.n y and Marines. 101 J"'"''" ''' ''^'''^^^'^'^ -Mttention to their directions. They mu,^ allow 1J2 tl ^7'^"''I'"^''^>' "^ ^''^ ^^''^'•"it; and be patiem, not rigorous. Jhere endeavour and good.will a,-, apparent; for quickness is ,he 105*-ultol muchpractiee, and ought not at first to iJexpme^ •••••••••••.■........ Jj. . Keeru,t« »u..t be carried on progressively ; they should c;mpre. : lOf, Z "'V '"^ -'''''" '^''^ l''-'>ecedtoanothcM.. I,, the first circun. •••■• 10- 2;;"'^^^ ot posuion, the firelock, fingers, elbows, A.C., are to bo justly //.I'-^-d by tho Instructor; when more advanced, they should not Z iO^^uched, but from the example .shewn, and the directions giv.-n .. ^RCrSES OF ^.ght U3 correct then...lves, when adn,onished. Reer.u' 2.^i lot be kept too long at any particular part of their exercis... «. as to "1 *'■""': ""' '"^^'^'^ t''^^'^' ""^■'^^y' ^rid marelu ug without anus .hould be ''•; «^"^''' "'^-•'--^' -ith the firelock instrueSon. Noirher fifi 1 ::::::::: ii^";"^^'"^-\^"^7— tbeused; itbeinges..ntialto co;firm : : 'i:f^f--t by l^aWt abne in that cadence of st., . Inch h. is ^ ward, to mannam in his march to the enemy, amidst every variety of iDise and circumstance that may tend to deran-^e iiim The habit here adverted to, is acquired b^impressing the time |on t e Recnut's mind by tap of drum, and no Recruit or squJZ ft crmts mt,st therefore be permitted to exercise in marching ^ h m the constant use of plummet, drum, and pace-stick ; the drum ' to bc-at the tune only when the squad is halted, never whJn in mudol wWr the superintendent of the drill sees it necessary to gi ^ the t,me, every squad will instantly be halted at the first tao of^ he arum, and the rpcruit'=' ho rrnuW^il -^ -,: *v • , , ' fepropor cadence. ^ ^ " """' "'"''•= '"'™"°'> •» ri ^1 II 2 PART I. I In the manner hereiifter prescribed, each Rficruit must be trained singly, and in successive squads ; anil until ho is perfect in all points of his duty he is not to join the battalion ;— for one awkward man, imperfect in his march, or distorted in his person will derange his division, and, of course, operate on the l)attaliojj and line in a still more injurious manner. Kvery soldier, on his return from long al). sence, must bo re-drilled before he is permitted to act in the ranks oi his company. Short and frequent drills are always to be preferred to long lessons, which exhaust the attention both of the Instructor and Recruit ; and too much pains cannot bo taken by those intrusted with the instruc tion of Recruits to move them on, progressively from srjuad to squad according to their merit, so that tl>e quick, intelligent lad may not bt kept back by those of inferior capacity. To arrive at the first s(iuai] should be made an object of emulation to the youn^ soldier, b\ diminishing the number and duration of its drills. OPKl and kei f t TUK ilrst an^ h*' in a •o that I llig cUr.i tile ham h the irevunti Rglitly t the i'ure. but \vith( that the feet;— tl In ord his muse jBXtcnsioi 1 'i^oo n neruit a lie taken contrary . N. B. We words All wo nust be ^ Stand at E "J rtiit must Ix; trained I perfect in all point,-, one awkward man, 1 will (li'rang<^ hi-i and lino in a still liturn from long uli. ;ouct in the ranks of RECRUIT. WITHOUT ARMS. ^ SiNCJLE Rank, at Open Order. Opkn Order is taken by ea.-h recruit .stretehinc outhisrJL'ht arm •i.d keefMng that distance from hi.s right-hand man. "'"""^^' '''"' rred to long les.sons, •rand Recruit ; and •d with the instruc from squad to squad gerit lad may nut Ix ivc at the first scjuad young soldier, b\ f S, 1. Position of the Soldier. ^ The equal squareness of the shoulders and body to the front is the Jrst and greut prineiple of the positior, of a soldier. The I ee s mu t l)«- m a hue, and elus<>( -—the knees str.i.rht • ♦!. / "\"^* '^ "li'«t j> thatti. K.t mavfn-m an ^^: ^^^i^t^^^: :;:::iZ' k.gdo.e to the bodv ; the elbows turned in and close to h side fi 2^^,= hands open tu the fronf, with the vic:w of prc-serving he elbow Lv nV 1T'"T*^'" P"''''""' "^ ^'^"^•^' described, and^hc^JlyTf ircventmg ials(, distances when marching in line •— tl.n liffl, fin? «xtcns,o„ mot,o„, as laid down f„r ,ho Sword Evcrdse i Iftand at Ea$e. «-5 S. 2. Standing at Ease, I On the words Stand at Ease, the right foot is to bo drawn back about six inches, and the greatest part of the weight of the body brought upon it ; Te 3 T f ^'."'^ ^^"*5 the hands" brought together tt: ^td t& -M P^'^^^^^^"^, struck' smartly to" einer, and that oi dm right hand tiien slipped over the back of the left; but the shoulders to be kepi il^ AiUntion. fo the ; Fa to the- To the I PART I. I back and square ; the head to the.froiit, and the whuli LattitiKfc s^Ufexu ccMisti^sMt* r On the word Attenlhm, tlio hands are to thii 1 smartly upon the outside of the thi^dis ; the ri'dv heel to bo hronorht np in a line witli the; left : and "h. proper wnconstiUHKjtl pooition of a soldier iminediiU.'. .lyro&mAedv VVlum the recruit falls in fur instruction, he is first to be t:u..dit f., place hnnsch on tiie word AUention,\n the pt,,ition bheve d.-scdhid t-rciuaui perfectly steady, And to .cjivo his whole att<..iti..n to hi^ <--.nmander. Before the word Attndlon ,s given, and occa.sionali^ 'i"ru)- the tinr>e of drill, the recruit may k; allowed to rest by Stawi '«4' ;/^ iTfWe, as above explained. ' ^ \\' hen standing at ease for any considerable time in cold weather the nKMuu-o permitted to more their liinbs, but witli,>ut .niittina theii ^n'ouad, so thut upon the word AHmilon, no one shall have m.te rially lost his dressing in the hno. In this case the Sta7id at Ease 1.S given m the tone of a perniission and not of command. S. 3. E'\f€s to the Right, On the word Eyes jR?VA/, ^rlance the rves to th- riojht with a slight turn of tlie head. At the word^ Ejjcs Left, cast the eyes in like manner to the left On the words Eyes Front, th(> look and head ai-e t.i J be directly to the front, the habitual p.)sition of'th. L soldier. Those motions afe trscfnl on the wheeling of divisions —or i. '^ cJo^tng to a flank,— or When dressing is ordered after n half arv particular attention must be paid, in the several turnin-rs of tlie'evv^ 1 to prevent the soldier from moving his body, which must be presV-r ^'^^^o'" Ncd perfectly square to the front ; but in all marches to the front «^"*^' *^ me recruit, at open order, must, be taught to select objects in his froir ' ?««''^«' and to march straight upon them ;-at close order, the touch, with the preservation of a uniform and proper cadence, must foi'm hi^ only guide in marching. * xm iu> 'Si. 4» The Facings, *i ^" 8?'««*'"^»g»^ the facings, the left heel never quits the m-oHm! • the body must rather incline forward, and the knees be kept SX' r 1st. Place tjie hollow of the right foot smartly i tlfc'^fVont! keeping the shoulders square t'o 4 Lhfidl^* "^*" ilie toes, 4tt(l -twii to the right on both : In amv* Eyrn Right. Eyes Left. Eyes ^rant. t Right, left, h 4 face Fron foihejfiight, face. l>ont TIkj f brougi p, so tl 'J'he gi icy are es3ed» \ e.fj'ont,amlthewliulr IkuhIh aro to Ihll 3 tlnjrhs ; the righr itl) tho left : add ]\v : first to bo tnufrlit tn i'JM ahijvc d(\seril)r(i, ule attention to lii> :n, uiid occa.sioiialiv v^:d to rest by S/a?/r/. mo in cold wcathrr. •ithout quitting thrir 10 shall havo niitc the Stmd manner to the left, ok and head am r.i tual p.)sition oi" tlir 5f divi.s-ions. — or [a nftcr H hnlt; an' 'urninrrs of tlu; eve.> ch must bf; pivser- ches to tho front t objects in his from !r, the touch, with ce, must form hit I RECRVlT-^Without Arms. fo the Left, Face. to the- Right 0i^out, Face. ' I TothcLrft ^ut. Face. ' ' quits the grouiul ; es be kept straight, right foot smart!} ihoiildcrs square to the right on both ♦u^l'r'*!?*'^ the right heel against the hollow of the left ioot, keeping the shoulders square to the 3nd. Raise the toes, and turn to the left'on both neels* 1st. Place the boll of the right toe against the lett heel, keeping the shoulders square to the front 2nd. Raise the toes, and turn to the right about on both heels. * 3rd Bring the' right foot smartly back in a lin^ I with the left. 1st. Place tho right heol against the ball of the o ^'^^^'-^'^'^P'"^ the shoulders square to tho front. 2nd. Raise the toes, and turn to thr '•■ft about on ')oth heels. .^^^nl. Bring up the right smartly in a line with the * KUtht or f . .^ ^^"^ '^'"'n ""^ ?""^"^«"^ ^^^A< or Left Half Face. tet, halj i. by drawing baek or advancing the right foot one ; :^'''' [s!qi^ ^'"*' '^'' ^^^ "^"^"^ i^id^i^i^ When it is intendc m the given direction. Upon the word Frcmt, if he has faced to the right he fronts to the left ; and if he L has feced to the left, he fronts to the ricdit. r CnluT f''^t f tf'« ^^»«ve motions are to be%lipped back . rli^r T^^ '''*^"' ^■j"''^' thenK>vement being Ln. the ip, . o that the. body is kept perfectly steady until faced. i ho greatest precision mu.st be observed in these fhcinfrs for if essed, will loso their d,-e..ing on every .„,all movement oSing. ■ (S, !^, Position in Marchvnir, In nrmrching, the soldier must maifltt»in tfie posiUon of the body a.s Front. ight or left i^khU, three. • qttarters V face. Front. If >L-. J! ' . ' . 6 PART I. directed in Sect. 1. He must be well balanced on his limbs. Ills T\ To^ b "sS^cdl '' keptperfcctly steady by his sides, and on : iJl 3 ,?L rT *^ "'u''*' ?' ^'^'■^^^ 5 ^^^« '""St be taken that th.> and does not cling to the thigh, or partake in the least dcaroe of t; o tirS^'T?'"'"'- The bod/must bekepterect anSfquar ' o tl e front. The movement of the leg and thigh must spring from the haunch, and be free and natural. The foot^must be Vaisfd su '• i ' ^"^';-^lthout being drawn back, placed softly on TIr. i g ound, so as not to jerk or shake the body in (he slightest decree / he head to be kept well up, and straight to the frontt and theCs not to be turned to the right or left. ' Balance Step, aZ^I T'"-^ ^'"^ f^'''''^ "' ^^'"^ P^^'ti^" of the soldier, as above Inth h ' fv. "f ""'"^ "^ ^'^^ '^^^^"^^ «t^P' t^>« object of which is to each hmi the free movement of his limbs, preserving at the sam. . boTv^anfn fr ''"'". '^^' '^'''^^'''' "'^'^ '^' utmost^teadineTsc^^ tia&t 1 rr"'"'^^', 'Pf'"^ *^ ^"^i" this first and mostessen- I t al object, which forms indeed the very foundation of good marchin.^ Ihe instructor must be careful that the recruit does^ot contract whthf ?P'f', ""' *^'^''i"g ^^^'^ ^ ^'^o^lJ^^ at these motions, which are, ntended practically to shew the true principles of march- |ng, and that steadiness of body is compatible with perfect freedom Fan F Caution, Front. Rear. Front. Half. 1st, Without gaining Ground, i Balance step without gaining ground, commen. I cing with the left foot. The left foot is brought gently forward with thr toe at the proper angle to the left, the foot about three inches from the ground, the left heel in line Lwith the toe of the right foot. r When steady the left foot is brought gently back I (without a jerk) the left knee a little bent, the lell < toe brought close to the right heel. The left foot m this position will not be so flat as to the front, aa Lthe toe will be a little depressed. r When steady, the word Front will be given aa I above, and repeated to the Rear three or four times ; to^ prevent the recruits being fatigued, the word I uaa wiii be given, when the left foot, either ad- Ivanced, or to the rear, will be brought to the right Mai Thei this stej |>aces 01 W move Hai \ , N. B, rought gently back '. little bent, the lefl leel. The left foot t as to the front, aa I. mt will be given as three or four times ; fatigued, the word left foot, either ad- •ought to the right. S, 6. Slow Step. ino?" l^^7''5•^ ^"^'■'*' *he left foot is carried 30 Afn..}, } ■ ^ *? *^'? *'"'*"^' ^"'^ ^''thout being drawn back March. ^ -P^ced softly on the ground so as Lt to jerk or shake the body ; the recruit is to be taught to take 7D of these steps in a minute. The recruit must be carefully trained, and thorourrhlv instructed in Ais step, as an essential foundation for arriving a? alur^y t th" paces d more celenty. This is the slowest stop'at whicMr^o; t S. 7. The Halt. Unft ^ *^® '^''^^, ^''^'' '^^ ^'^6 ^'ear foot he brouirht Hah. 1 upon a line with the advanced one, so as to finlh i the step which was being taken when the command V was given. f LL.'^'" """'' *"*■ *"'-"> ^ <=<>"»i'leretep Out. r time. On tlie word Slep out, the recruit must be \ J taught to lengthen his step to 33 inches, by leanin" ^ forward a little, but without altering the cadence." This step is necessary, whcm a temporary exertion in line, and to lUe iront, is required; and is applied both to slow and quick timr • and at the word (slow or quick step) the puce of 30 intrhes mu.t bj resumed. S, 9. Stepping Short, ' ci CA ' f /. ^^" *^^ ^"^^ ^^^P *'"*'"^' *^^ ^^^ advancing will ^tep ii/wrti I finish its puce, and afterwards each recruit will stf|> , ) *^ ^'^^ ^^ ^^^ hall of his toe, and no farth(;r, until tliv tonmd. word Forward be given, when the usual pace of .SO (^ inches is to be taken. This step is useful when a momentary retardment of either a bif. talion m Ime, or. of a division in column, shall ha required. 'S. 10, Marking Time. Mark Time. ( On the words Mark Tune, the foot then ad van- . cing- completes its pace, after which the cadence u ] continued, without gaining any ground, but alter. I nately throwing out the foot and bringing it back t-orrmrd, square wth the other. At tlic word Forward, th. I. usual pace of 30 inches will be taken. This step is necessary when a column, division, &c.,Dn the marf 30 iiiclies must hv foot advancing will xich recruit will step nolarthor, until tht the usual pace of JJO iient of either a baf- i required. I ^T^CRUlT^Witiiout Arms. g * aut I'T' "? ^-""^ uiid in the true line on which the /foA. body ,s tunned. At the word Halt, the whole halt, turn their eyes to tl)e ft-ont, au.d uru perfectly l steady. (Vide S. 3, Part II.) , ^ S, 12, Stepping Back* The ;SV.>;9 Back is performed in the sl.nv time and pac. ot :30 melu^ fron. the halt. On the com mand Stcjy Baek-MarcK^\.>. recruit nm.-n l,o tau^rht to m;n'e straight to the rear, preserving his ghoul ders ^.pnre to the front, iu.d his body^^rcct. On he word HaJu the foot in front must b-. brought - 'J''^'J^ square with the other. ^ A tew paces o,dy of the Step Back can be necessnrT ntn time. B^tpp Back, 9 March. % "ii Hatt. 13. Changing the Feet, the foot then ad van. ihich the cadence i-i ■ ground, but alter, md bringing it back word Forward, tin taken. ,&c,, on the march, Step, . 3 halt in quick timt-. ^vord Quick March. i each man carrici' irectly to his right, his neighbour's lei'i is left toot, till the d proceeds to takf ?r ; thfe wljole with fder* kept squArc. 'hn.^. r s r r ^'"^ change the feet in marching, the advance.! hang. Feet. I oot completes its pace, tl^ ball tf til> other < hrou^rla up quickly to the heel of the advanced one, which mstantly makes another step forward, so r «,, . , *- ''''^t tiic cadence may not be lost. rfiflfi'lntT^' r'" 'T''''^ *'^"" individual, who is stepping with a 2^ ' . tw ' '^'" '^'' °^ ^"^ ^^'^''^^^" ' •" d«'»g ^vhich he w lin Pi' t take two successive steps with the same foot. S, 14. Oblique Step, Whrni the recruit has acquired the regular length ^r. the Tr'f ;7 ?i '"''■ ""^ *^'/^°^" P"^^' h« i« t^' be taught ' OWmc M °'i''''l"^,,^t^P- , At the words To the Left oblique. March f V ' T'^" -n ^Y'""^ ^"« P^^«*^»'^' squ/renesf <, ^^ March. po3,t,on, lie will, when he i. to step with his left foot, f nal hne, to the left, which gives abcrt 13 inches to ^e sKle, and about 13 inches to the front. On the word 7W, he will brmg his right foot 30 inches *re?tW IV^^'I^' Vt ^^^^ ^ P^^^d 13 incE directly before the left one. In this position he J riLP'"'!^?'^ ""l "^ ^^^^ ^^«' ««^"inue to Sfi o ^' K^ '''^ ^1''^^^'^' ^y advancing his left loot IV inches. DailAmrr at «.o«h ~* *-•" - /• , n^hi8 position ; u being essentially necesaary to 1 take the greatest care that bw thiiider. helpn^ 10 PART I. 1 1 served square to the front. From the'combinatior of these wo movements, the general obliquity yarned w.U amonnt to an angle of about 25 dogJo ■ When the reeruit is habituated to the length! anc directions of the step, he must be made to^continn^ h.n"h'■''^ T*''*"'^ Pf ''"^'' ^'"^ ^^''tl' firmness, hen he has been made perfect in the oblique str, slow time, he must be instructed in quick ime e L the same praiciple. the^Itf foorw' "If ^'^:t '^^M-'^^'P '^■^^^Pt^^'') '"-•'^riublv begins wit! the nt r h Ihe fi t'd ' "'f'""'^' commences from fho 1^x10^ prilLTplesTih''\°''''' •* »-P»™'«ly ""J carofully instructed in ,]„ ^. 15. y^e Q?«"c^ Step, to le' recruftf tf '^' '^°''' P"'^" ^^'^^ '^^^^"^^ P^^f«''tly habitua wh ch is lOfl In ^ ''''' "•''" ^'^ ^^^ *""SlU to mal-ch in qlick tim h. ^m nute ^ '" ' '"""'^'' ^'^'' "^ ^« "^^^^««' ™^kinl 270 f" Doubii H The to be 'utck, The iiiust be tferen ^ Slow Quid Doub QmcA:, March. C The command Quick,March, being given with o pause between them, the word Quick is to brcon^ ; sidered as a caution, and the whole to remain per. movP n%^^^'e ^ • ^'^^ ^^^"^ ^«^^^' the whole Sec 5 '"''"^"^"''"g t« the directions given ii: nmVk H^'''' Tfu '* ^f ^^'^f^'^^y grounded in marching to the front in CSd!!! t qtr;;r.^^" ^^^p' - ^^-' ^-'^ tim^r This IS the pace which will be applied generally to all movement mu r^%Tai::dirtf '°'IT ^'*^^^^^^^ ^^^ th^eref^reXrS his duty. thoroughly mstructed in this essential part o: S, 16. The Double March. The directions for the march, in the preceding Section avnlv k ^ A mu J id on 1 e abov f>mparc helcnj pension i ? Six or Lving a len be ( ■iitutes ti llhen pro tae point tew the ei *^c finge tilumb an the elbow i^igh, anc he light, a 1' rom the'combinatior t>ouhIe March. he general obliquit\ of about 25 degrees", .'d to tlie lengths anc ' St be made to continir and with firmness ?ct in the oblique str ; ictod in quick tiuio o]. ^ECRVIT— Without Ar,ns, 11 I ^ ivariubly begins witi I from the halt or oi 'le leudi/ig foot of tin after the command i; u;d cadcncefl stop, ii oblique, as well as o lily instructed in tlv ill. Thisy form thf Hah. lie perfectly habitua march in quick time les, making 270 fee; , being given with s Quick is to be con. hole to remain per March, the whok directions given ii; On the word Double March, the wholo stcn otf toge her with the left feet; keeping the heads e^ect and the shoulders square to the front ; ^ knee^ are a htt e bent ; the body is more advanc^-d E n the other marches; the arms hang wUh Jase rc^arllTot; -f '." 'H^- ^'^ -tru^ir w 1 be careful to habituate the recruit to the full pacf of 36 inches, otherwise he will get into the aWt of a short trot, which would defeaf the obv oL advun L tages of this degree of march. As directed in Section 7 l^k, or Double as a caution, will precede the wo,T£ct ""'^ 2 ihe great advantage attending the constant use of th^ ni lljst be obvious; and the several lengths sSirthe tL^^^ Afferent marches in a minute, areas fSlIovvs: ^ ^ *^'^ j Slow time ^t . . , J"- Hun. : Quick time [ i n« '"''" '" ^^"^ '"'""^^ ^4 96 Double March.....'.*.'.'.*;;; [H 1^ 03 'lie length of the plummet is to be measured from t P^'.^^^^^^n— pension to the centre of the bail '""'^'"'^"^ ^^^'^ ^^^ pomt of sas. Single Rank at Close Order. Sc ihing to the front in for slow time, mus: ty to all movement! tierefore the recruii lis essential part o, g Section, ayply in the minute, each o\ |e elbow, 0,0^,) ^h^^dge "of .heTrjTr^ Sht TIV'^'" «wn, a„d aiinio behind the seam of "t™ tSeri Th^. k* "'" •le light, and crowding carefully avoidci ""^"- T'"= "'"<='• "»« ■Wl; 1 )it r if: 12 PART I. 8. IT. Dressing when Hcdted. ' ' Dressiflg is to be tauglit equally by the left as U tlie right. On the word Drtss, each individual uf cast his eyes to the point to which he is ordered \. dress, with a slight turn of the head, but preservinc the shoulders and body square to their front. Tlv whole person of the man must move as mav K necessary, and bending backward or forward i"s m to be permitted. He must take short quick st.p> thereby gradually and exactly to gain his positiop and on no account bo sufK,rcd to attempt it by an. sudden or violent alteration, which must infallibi; derange whatever is beyond him. The faces /i the men, and not their breasts or feet, are the lin^ ot dressmg. Each man is to be able just to distil^ gmsh the lower part of the face of the seconrl nmi t. beyonu him. In dressing, the eyes of the men are alvvavs turned to the ofTuv who gives the word i>rw5 ; and who is posted at the point by whi.i the body halts ; and who from that point corrects his men, on a poir ; at or beyond his opposite flank. ' Tlie faults to be avoided, and generally committed by the soldi. m dressing, are, passing the line; the head too forwaVd, and l>o,j, kept back ; the shoulders not square ; the head turned too much. With a view to establish more exactly the principles on which al dressmg depends, the following instructions in the drill of Recruit- will be observed. BytheRighu ( The right hand man will be inovod up a pace an I (or Lem a quarter (or half,) and another soldier, as a sccoik '^ point, four paces to his right, while the left-han man, or any other person, serves as a corrospon.! lag point for the instructor upon the left. The in atructor will th ' to gain his position to attempt it by uir, 'hich must infallibll him. The facds (i: or feet, are tho Vm bo able just todistin of the seconrl niui turned to tlio offic..: t the point by whi'i s his men, on a poii; littod by tho soldi r ^ forward, and bixii turned too much, iciples on which ri| he drill of Recruit' * Dovod up a pace an soldier, as a secoin while the left-lian es as a corrospou'l 1 the leil. The in i I No. 2, by the rigk I recruit will takes bot, and shuffle w his right, taking u; same time ; the ic htofthetwopoiati, s propeiiy dressed | word ^%«» Frm ud r«raaln Eqmn^ '>\ 'i RECRUIT— Wiihaut Arm. ,^ iy the Right r When every recruit individually has nracti^.H Ine mstructor will then cau«!e twr. r.- ♦!... .d back f^thor, taking caru,„r„ur'i/°„f '"'■'' '" ■^'"" "'' iJ afterwards .1,0 wl,,,l.f,q,,„V,o!o,tr °'"°-' ^""^"'■''' u,kror aman X,w„ ouf^,'' tr^r. T"- "' - Poi^Uu-yLlLu i.o .ho .ruo line, .„ a. .o b Si a „r'^;,™r '" ''f'"*'" l''' .r™ diroc,i„g proooods in .l,o co"rr".lrj he oZ!;'" ™, t imself, when so direct n^^, must take mrr. fK.*!- ' '^"^ ''•' .OS at least, be in the tru^li^^S^Sf h^i^tl^ll^y^Lr""' "" "^ -S^. 18. File March'mg, Pd To^*" ''''''"^*' r"1 ^'''^^•^"^•^' '^"'^ *''^n »^c instru.r. head oni;: It "'"" ,""^?^y ^" «'^' - ^j-t h.. thc> heul or-X?I ''T^'"^ l^^-fore may coiical inc I u.uls of all the otherK m his front. The strict es observance of all the rules for marching is j^'.' ticularly necessary in marching by files, whic f to ?ten''ofrT^ 5"'*'''' '^'^ ^^^«'««^^ immediatelv nchls^nL^ r'' -^^'""^^ ^* *^^^ fi^^t step 3b I ncJics, and so contmumg each step without iiiciea.. ng the distance between each recruit, every mtn locking or placing his advanced foot oithlZS u£r ^l-r %Z t^^-^-P-odin/r^antl I waicf hM t ff °^'""^ '^°^'""'^^- leaning back. Thetader ?. .r^'J'' "" T^ P^^^^'"«^ ^^hatever. w!,ti ^.^ '^'''^^*'^^ *« ">arch straight fur- ward on some distant objects given him for th.r purpose and the recruits made t? cove one anotht during the march, with the most scrupulous exact noss ; great attention must be paid to prernt them from openmg out and losing tLeir corSpact fo Z Vo the — face. March. 14 PART I. S, 19. Wheeling of a Single Rank, in Slow Tim^ from the Halt* Right wheel. March. fr ' At the word Right tohecl, the man on the right o the rank ftces to ihe right ; on the word March they step off together, the wliole turning their eyo to the left (the wheeUng or outward flank), cxct|i the man on the left of the rank, who looks inward and, during the wheel, becomes a kind of base lin for the others to conf )rm to, and maintain the un formity of front. The outward wheeling man step the usual pace of 30 inches, the whole observe tb; same titne, but each man shortening his step i proportion as he is nearer to the standing flank « which the wheel is made. During the wheel, tli whole remain closed to the standing flank ; tha: ■■ they touch, without incommoding their neighbour they must not stoop forward, but remain upright opening out from the standing flank is to be avoic ed; closing in upon it during the wheel, is to bL resisted. On the word Hah, Dress, each man hal: | immediately, without pressing forward. Tli dressing being completed, the squad receives thj , command Eyes front. When the recruits are able to perform the wheel with accuracS in the slow time, they must be practised in quick time. Nothing will tend sooner to enable the recruit to acquire tlj proper length of step, according to his distance from the pivot, thai continuing the wheel without halting f)r several revolutions of tlj circle, and also giving the word Halt, Dress, at instants not expect-l and when only a 6th, 8th, or any smaller proportion of the circ^ is completed. S, 20. Wheeling backwards, a single Rank, Halt, Dress. Eyes front. On the Right, backwards Wheel. Quick March. v.. At the words On ihe Right, backwards WJiM the man on the right of the rank faces to his If t At the word Quick March, the whole step haci ward in q >ick time, dressing by the outwaf wheeling man ; those nearest the pivot man makiij their steps extremely small, and those towards t| i wheeling man increasing them as they are plac nearer to him. The recruit in this wheel must i bend forward, nor be suffered to look down ; U r, in Slow Time he man on the right o on the word March ole turning their eye •utward flank), cxco|i k, wiio looks inward ifs a kind of base Hn nnd maintain the un •d wheclitig man step he whole observe xi lortening his step i the standing flank 0= )uring the wheel, tli finding flank ; tha' ■> ling their neighbour but remain upright ; flank is to be avoic j ig the wheel, is to bj Dress, each man hal' ing forward. Tli le squad receives tin wheel with accuracj time. Tuit to acquire tl^ from the pivot, tliaj al revolutions of m instants not expecta >portion of the circl ingle Rank, t, backwards Whei^ ank faces to his k: le whole step baccj ig by the outvvaf he pivot man makiii nd those towards tlj n as they are plac I this wheel must 1 to look down ; bJ RECRmT^Without Arms. II TTnJt \7 ""T"'^ ^"^ ""y*"* *^ ^^"^ wheeling flank, preserve Halt. the dressing of the rank. On the word Hn/t tlo BrP.. I ""'*'•;/'•'"■»'" perfectly steadv, still lookinr. to the Dress. Cvvhoehng fl u.k till they receive the word Dress The recruits should be Hrst practised to wheel backwards at tho te/h:"':;^"' :r^^ '^^"',1^^ "~y ^- prevem^h!:.^om ;:;^;;;a.tir^;j;;;;;;';:t.i^^ ^^^ -^^ '-^'^ ^o fan mto. \. 21. Changing the direction, by the wheel 0/ a single Rank on a moveable pivot. ^r ilMvd't'''")'''"'' '' '"T'^'"S to the front, and is orluc-d t. change Its direction to either flank, it nx.e.v..s tho w.rd i^,>/.^ (or L.f,) ShouMcrs for. hn .;;•" ' "/"'^ '''' ""^^''•"■^' "'^' "'' the named lank eout,n,K..s to step out at the full pace, and tho wheel js perforn.ed (according to theVrincipIc ex^ pau.ed nj Section 20) upon U.e inner file o? t'^ ion dTh ^'T'^ ^•"^"'"' '^"«''^'^'"t To circle Forward. Zt t^tu hI 'T ^'''T'' ^"^'^ '^ ^'^^">' bn ho ^1 "'"'' 'V «''^'es the word Forward; but the wheel on the moveable pivot is olwavs ma at tl^ same time at which L body ml;!' m jving. Tne commander gives the word Forward hlcl. ttm nd^'" ^^"' '"^ S'^^-^ ^'-^ ^-" - Lrection ' "'"'" "^ ^ porpcndicalar di- tight (ov Irft) SkoiMers forward. S. 22. Oblique Marchirg in Front cn.oc,,o„, as has been "Ireal/oxplaincdinSn 14 luk,„g care „ „ to alter the |,Mi,io„ of his boT paM to'ihrsh'"' n- ^"r" "'■^''■^' »'"='""» - "> li ih« ,h. ^I'™''''--" ,f, >^vcry man i„ the squad, that they remun parallel to the line on which thev not tail to the rear, v/h cb th^y a^e vf-rv nrt f ? in obliquing ,0 the right, and Vhi^himmclSet I change, .J,e direction of the front. OnThe S ii\prr*r i« M fih.t F^noard. PART I. Forward, the incline ceases, antl the whole mfircU forwiii' In obli<|uing to the lef>, tiu! same rul are to be observer', with the dill leg Koing to ^ left sIiouIcIlt. the U''' and renci.' of the attention to keep up tl The same instructions that are given for slow time serve also 11 <]uick time. In obliquing to the right, the touch must be preserved to the lei' and rice versa, excepting in the obliquing of a battalion, when tli touch must always bu to the centre. S, 23. Diagonal March. Tiiis march will be commenced from the halt, giving the comm md liighl (or Left) half face, a desc.-ib^d in S-ct. 4, and on the word March, th m^n movo on th'j diagonal lint;s upon which tlu are individually placed in echellon. Upon tli command Halt front, the original front is rcsumci When the squad is marchirjg to the front and it tk^sired to t ike an oblique direction, the word Ri^\ (or Left) h if turn is given, and the men move above prescribed — ir ' when it is intended to mov to the original front wit'iout halting, the woi Right (or Left) half face. March. Halt, Front. Right (or Lefl) half turn. Front turn. Whe.> the pj Bo wrist Do butt, ►iuts of a[)pea >o arm, "the tin itionan Dtion. held fl The fo here s E!ce3:jary s menti the 7na Exercii Front turn is given, when each man will turn li body to the front and move forwards without duel ing the pace. When the movement is performed to the Kf the reverse of the fjregoing instructions will tak . place. Daring the diagonal march the leading flank will be the pivot f the iJiue being ; for instance, when a squad or company is moving h the right half turn, the right-hand man must pay particular jittvirtio to the length of pace, and to move perpendicular to the li,; lie mo up when he made his half turn, as the i*f curacy of his move i ^ni ' <'? front is assist very much in preserving the division in its proper poditioa.-JgJtian,arr The other files must be caroful that tlieir right arms do not get be yond the centre of the m( n's backs who precede them in echellon and if they keep this position, their right f.et will just clear the le of ihe pi -ijding file. The rec lie time i lowed to ia. that Ic A comp l-VB, or to ob33rve( last be ke [at in the 'ms, with ms are ii -s When th \(\ tho whole ma red oi), tlic sumc rult'f' iHlTcncc of tho hr ition to ket'p uj) tli time serve also lii rrs(!rvcd to the 1,^.iiiir.-i -irri-»i»rick, to nearly a hor- j izantal position, with the muzzle inclining a littlel ,i?r Shoulder Anns. 1 Ith. Advance Arms. ngera poiirting up. ard, and the point with, and pointing kept pcrpojidicular jae to tliu butt, and k with a quick mo. will admit without 10 left huud, draw, mo instant, so that ii\ heel. The fire- ard to the front, t'l hand, and opposite lightly holding the s pointing rath.T entirely on the left rist, bring the fire the left shoulder, hand grasping the . )ot at the same in. > skly, and bring it 3ck from the shoul. | smartly with both | , diagonal position. !,. j^"": i to the front, and ^^'"^"^ ^''"'^' mzzlc slanting up. :ross opposite the le butt proportion. all of ihe butt, and iwell, close to the hands pointing to. close to the body, een the stock and ht, the right toe left toe full to thei k, to nearly a hor-; inclining a littlel 19th. Advance AfTllS, RECRUlT^With Arms. m I upwards, and the right wrist resting against the L hollow of the thigh below the hip. 1st. Throw the fire-lockup to its proper position on the left shoulder, the left hand falling srftartly on the butt, and grasping it, and at the same instant commg to your proper front. 2nd. Quit the right hand smartly, and bring it ^ down to the right side. 1st. Seize the firc-lock with the right hand under the guard, turning the lock to the front, but without movmg it from the shoulder. 2nd. R lise the fire-lock up from the shoulder to the poise, by placing the left hand upon the sling, hngcrs puintmg upwards, the wrist upon the guard, and the pomt of the left thumb of equal height with, and pointing to the left eye ; the nicvC to be kept perpendicular in this position. 3rd. Bring the fire-lock down to the right side with the right hand as low as it will admit without constraint, at the same time striking it smartly vvith the left h ind at the swell, the guard between the thumb and forefinger of the right hand, the taree last fingers under the cock, with the guard to the front. ^ I 4th. Qait the left hand. 1st. At this word the left hand is brought smart- ly across the body, and seizes the fire-lock, with the forc-fiiiger in the line with the point of the right shoulder. 2nd. Bring the fire-lock down as low as the lefl arm will admit to the right side ; at the same time <( let the right hand seize the top of the ramrod, be. twcen the second joint of the fore-finger and thumb, the whole of the fingers shut in the hand. 3rd. Let the fire-lock drop on the ground, and the right hand be smartly brought to the position of ordered arms, quitting the left hand short away, ^ at the same instant. f u *?*• ^^ ^^^ ^°^^ Advance, the thumb of the right I hand is slipt quickly in rear of the barrel, J At the word Arms, it is brought to the advance ^hya. sharp cant of the right haiid ; the left arm is 'i:i:Jl ^11 *'>!!l 8e nth. Shoulder Arms. N. B.—In squareness of t 15th. Support Arms. IGih. Stand at Ease. I7th. Attention. 18th. Carry Anns, IQth. Slope Arms. Vtth. StmdaiEaw, PART I. j brought across the body, to steady the firc-lock to • the shoulder. L 2nd. Q lit the left hand. 1st. Bring up t!ic left hand and seize the piece at the swell, raising it about ont; inch ; at the same instant slip the thumb of the right hand under the cx;k, by a turn of the rigl)t wrist. < 2iid. Throw it smnrtly to its proper position on tile left shoulder, the K ft hand falling smartly on the butt, grasping it. 3rd. Quit the right hand, and bring it to the right side. the-^e motions grcit care must be taken to preserve the he body, and to avoid raising or sinking the shoulder. 1st.. Seize the sm dl ot' the butt, under the lock, with the rigiithuid tin • thumb poii;ti,ig upwards. 2ad. Bri.igthe left arm under the cock. 3rd. Q;iit the right h.aid. r At this wjrd of com.nind the right hand is br.)ught sm irtly acr )s.s the body, and seizes the j fire-lockat the small of the butt, close up under the ^ left arm.wirii t'lc thumb or" tiie right hind pointing j upwards, the right fjjt driwn back, the left knee L be.K, and the firc.hck a little sloped. i At tliis w )ril of comm uiL the right hand is drop. < pj-1 sm irtly to the right side, and the right foot ( brjught in li.ic with the left. Isr,. S ;ize the smill of the butt under the left arm, with the right hand. 2ad. Smii-tly [)lace the left hand grasping the butt, the fir .!)ck kept steady. 3rd. Q^iit the right hand.' At th J same ins.ant ail )vving the left arm to sink to lijo full extent. fin sloping irm^ the upper part of the arm is not tj ra >v !, tiiegi irdof the firc-lock is to be raised so as gjiitiy to press against the hollow of the shoul. j der, tlie haa 1 in a line Wit'i the elb>w, the toe of (^ the butt ia a li:ie with the centre of the. loft thigh. r Oathe word Ease bring the r-ghthand smartly I across the body, placing it on the left hand, both 21s i Atteni I 22n/ i Carry / 23r Order . 2it) UnJ, Bayon 25th. ttand at It is to |ayonets, |tep, with icks of 1 le rear r •ont rani ace incn he ener P give th !ed as nn In mar le men a iy the firc-lock to id seize the piece inch ; at the same ffit liand under the it. proper position on ,^ falling smartly on f Carry Arms. i I 21st. Attention. 22nd. id bring it to tlie ifcen to preserve the ing the shoulder. lit, under the lock, )iiifi.ig upward-s. tiie cocl\. he right hand is y, aii'J seizes the close upundL'rthe gilt hind pointing ick, the let1t knee ;>ed. iglit hand is drop, uid the right foot )utt under the left land grasping the •:.f f I 2nrd. i j Order Arms. ^ I 2Ath. Vnjix I Bayonets. RECRUIT— m^A^rm. ^ ) thunobs on the fore part of the heel of the butL I *''^i<*i thcjeft hand upperm>st, an! drawing tho right foot back at the some initint, the left knee I bent. At this word of command resume the attitude of attention, by bringing the right hand smartly to the rig! It side, and the right foot in line with the left. 1st. Drop the left arm to its extent, and bring the right hand smartly across the b )dv ; the fore part ot the fingers to meet the smiU of the butt, m in the first motion of the *• Secure." 2nd. Quit the right hand. i As prescribed in page 17. At the word Unjuc, slip the thumb of the right hand in rear of the barrel ; at the last sound of thp word Bayonet, force the muzzle a little forward, bruig the left hand smartly to the upper loop, the thumb pointing upwards. Strike the bow of the bayonet with the heel of the right hand, so as to unfix It; let the bow fall over the thumb, and the two forefingers on the top of the socket, with the left hand force the muzzle of the fire-lock back to Its proper position, at the same instant bring the thumb of the left hand on the top of the scabbard, tor the purpose of guiding the bayonet into it ; and bring the right hand smartly to the position of or- dered arms. ptand at Ease. \ ^^ ^^^"^^^ directed. ic left arm to sink of the arm is not : is to be raised so How of the shoul. elb>w, the toe of of the. loft thigh, ■ght hand siWkrtlyj le left hand, both ^ It IS to be understood that whenever a battalion in line charges with Jayonets, the %yhole are in the- first instance to advance at firm quick Itep, with shouldered arms ; at the word Prepare to Ctiarge, the fire- |.cks of the front rank will be brought to the long trail, and those of Jie rear rank o the slope-at the word Charge, the fire-locks of the ftont rank will be thrown smartly to the charging position, and the iace increased to double march, carefully avoiding too much hurry he enemy being routed, it will depend on the officer commanding • give the word Halt, when both ranks will shoulder arms, and pro: sed as may be afterwards directed. '^ In marching any distance, or in standing at e&se when supported, le men are allowed to bring their right hand across the body to the 24 PART I. small of the butt, which latter must, in that case, be thrown a little forward; the fingers of the left hand being uppermost, must be placed between the bt)dy and the right elbow ; the right hands are to be in. stantly remnvcjd, \Vhen the division halls, or is ordered to dress by tlie right or left. TIME. The motions in the Manual Exercise are to be performed, Icaviiis one pause of the slow time of march between each motion, exct'pi that of fixing bayancts, in which a longer time must be given. Om pause should also be made between the first and last parts of tli. words of command ; for instance, shoulder (one pause) arms, both in manual and platoon. The manual is not to be executed by one word, or signal, but eadi separate word of command is to be given by the ofliicer who com. mands the body performing it. SENTRIES. Sentries, posted with shouldered arms, are permitted aflferwar' to support, but not to slope them. On the approach of an officer, the immediately carry their arms, and put themselves into their propt. position, which is not to be done at the instant he passes, but by tl.e; time he is within twenty yards of their post, so that thoy may b perfectly steady before he comes up. Sentries are to port arms when challenging any person approach ing their posts. CORPORALS. Corporals marching with reliefs, or commanding detachments orv| divisions, are to be on the right, and will carry their arms advanced] with bayonets fixed. METHOD OF PILING ARMS. Pile Arms. V'npik A The company standing in close order with order. ed arms, and told off' by threes, the word Pile is ther. I given; the whole of the company slip the thumb oil the right hand in rear of the barrel of the firelock. | at the same time drawing back their right feet, in order to face to their right, with the exception oi; numbers two in the rear rank ; thoy advance thoirj right feet n the hollow of the left, in order to facej ft Is, i'ii'-, Fu land 1 iv rest i I 1.V/. riire Ai nECR\jlT-With Ann.^. i^ be thrown a link' | ost, must be placed | lands are to bo in. ; rdered to drenn by 't porformcd, Icaviiii ch motion, excrj)! St be given. Oik id last parts of tin use) arms, both in or signal, but each 1 officer who com •mitted afterwarii^ I of an officer, th(\ J into their projic; passes, but by th' that they may li person approach ig detachments o! iir arms advanced. UMS. ; order with order e word Pile is then y slip the thumb oi rel of the firelock ;heir right feet, in I the exception oi \\vy advance thoit t, in order to face I iipt/i: Arms. ( I to the left. The word Arms is then given, th.: wiiolt! of the front rank, and one and three U thr rear, lace to the right; one and three files oi \Un Iroiit rank turn the lire-lock on the heel of the l)iilt Willi the sling towards them. One and thrcr files ol the rear nuik turn the fire-lock on the heel ol th.^ butt ujth the sling from them, • which brings tli.> luck outwards ; h;iving done this, thoy lock thfii niuiiv.J.s t()g<-th(.-i', still bearing them wrll up so ;,^ to shew an interval. Number two file of fh( Ir.mt r.'Mik throws his lire-lock to the rear as Ik tiin. slaiuls, ;ui.i briug.diis left, hand on number one mu/.- /!e, and comjjlet.'S that pile ; having done that. Ik- rcinuius peifectly steady, faced to the riMn • in piling with number three, the front and rearrank- iiave ujj-eady locked their ramrods. Numb, r twr. oi the rear rank throws his fire-lock ofl'to his own roar us he then stands, and completes numlnr three pile by bringing his left hand on the muzzle of the nre-lock ; having dune this, he faces to liis right about, and remains steady. UNFILE ARMS. At the word Unpi/e, the whole advance their right {;-et in the hollow of the left, and seize thoir fire-locks at the top brass, thumbs pointing upwards : J the files numbered two of the rear rank must work well round on the hips to reach their fire-lccks ; at the word Arms, the whole snatch their fire -locks towards Ihein, and front at the same time. FUSIL EXERCISE. he Fusil at the shoulder, or when carried, is to be placed in the _ hand to the full extent of the arm ; the barrel to the froiit. the K resting upon the fingers, and the thumb over the hammer. l*"'- ( 1st. Raise the left hand to a height that will nd. l^smire Arms. mit the fingers of the right hand being placed under ' ' the cock. 2nd. Seize the fusil with tlie left hand at the swell, with the elbow close. M. liH f 11' 26 2nd. Shoulder Arms. 'Srd. Order Arms. i ith. Fix Bayonets. 5th. S/umtder Arms. 6th. Port Arms. 1th. Charge Bayonets. 6th. Shoulder Arms. 9th. Support Arms .f PART I. I 3rd. Quit the right hand, giving the piece a cant I with the fore-fingers, and bring the fusil to the se. (^ cure under the left arm. 1st. Bring the fusil up to the perpendicular line, seizing it with the right hand under the cock. 2nd. Quit the left hand, and seize the cock and hammer, at the same time allowing the fusil to sink to the full extent of the left arm ; the right arm re maining across the body, with the points of the fingers on the barrel, to steady the piece. 3rd. Quit the right hand and bring it smartly ^ down to the right side. 1st. Bring the right hand across the body, and ' seize the piece below the top swivel. 2nd. Bring the fusil down in front of the body within two inches of the ground ; lock full to tk front — left hand seizing the fusil — thumb as high as the muzzle. 3rd. Drop the butt to the ground close to bc-| tween the toes. In this position the fusil is to be lightly held between the thumb and fingers of the | ^ right hand, which are to point downwards. Seize the bayonet with the left hand and fix it, and resume the position of "Ordered Arms." 1st. Grasp the fusil with the fingers of the right h.-,nd. 3rd. Throw the fusil into the left hand and the right. Atone motion throw the fusil across the body, in? the manner directed in the Manual Exercise. As laid down in the Manual Exercise. 1st. Throw the piece into the left hand, seizing! it as directed at the " Shoulder," the right hand! straight across the body, the points of the fingers! on the barrel to steady it. 2nd. Quit the right hand smartly. 1st. Slope the fusil on the left shoulder, till thel guard presses against the front of the shoulder ; s] the same time seize the small of the butt with the| right hand. 2nd. Seize the butt with the left hand. 3rd. Quit the right hand. quiii RECRUIT— With Arms. 27 ig the piece a cant he fusil to the sc- lerpondicular line, or the cock, eize the cock and ig the fusil to sink the right arm re- the points of thf; e piece, bring it smartly OSS the body, ami 'el. front of the body ; lock full to tk -thumb as high as Dund close to be- I the fusil is to !> ind fingers of tlii vnwards. ift hand and fix it. :red Arms." igcrs of the riglit eft hand and quii J cross the body, hi il Exercise. sercisc. left hand, seizing! " the right handl Its of the fingersi tly. shoulder, till the| ' the shoulder ; a:| the butt with the! "t hand. 10/A. Stand at Ease. nth. Attention. I2th. Carry Arms. 13//t. ^ Shpe Arms. ( Uth. i • Stand at Ease. \ 15th. I Attentimi. ) 16th. Carry Arms. 17 th. Trail Arms, 18th.. Shoulder arms. 19th. Order Arms. 20th. Unfix bayonets. 21st. Stand at Ease. 22nd. The same as in the position of "Slope Arms" in the Manual Exercise. As laid down in the Manual Exercise. 1st. At the word Arms, seize the small of the butt with the right hand. 2nd. Slip the piece to the full extent of the left arm, seizing the cock and hammer as directed in "Shoulder Arms," the point of the fingers of the right hand slip along the barrel to steady it. 3rd. Quit the right hand. The same as directed for the support, without any pause between the motions. As laid down in the Manual Exercise. • As laid down in the Manual Exercise. Isti At the word Arms, seize the small of the butt with the right hand. The 2nd and 3rd motions tl.e same as the " Sun. port." ^ Raise the right hand to the swell of the fusil, and bring it down to the trail on the right side. Throw the fusil into the left side, seizing the cock and hammer with the left hand, and quit the right at the same time. In three motions, as before directed. Slip the left hand down to the right, strike the bayonet off with the right hand, and return it, and resume the position of "Attention." Slip the right hand up to the left, draw the right foot back, and bend the left knee. Bring the right foot up to the left, and slip the Attention. \ right hand down to the full extent of the arm.' Sergeants in line will remain steady at " Shoulder Arms" durincr the performance of the Manual and Platoon Exercises. "^ In taking up an alignment, the fusil is to be raised with the left hand, the small of the butt being seized with the right, and the piece brought before the body, the barrel to the front, the left hand on the butt, S, 30. Platoon Exercise and Different Firings. The Recruit having a thorough knowledge of the different motions m •i-i PART I. <.|- tl„. Hre.lock, as she^vn in the Manual Exr-rcLso, will .'lou !,. t.'n-lir the Platoon Exerci.so as follows: )-:!L(ht or ton recruits beinjr formed in a «inglo rank, at close (11-. Ist. As a front rank standinir. 2ml. As a rear rank stantlinjr. 3rd. As a front rank kneeling, 4t]i. As a rear rank kneeliii"-. .1 V /'niitt Till Ilk Pi'iiiiH and ffaurl/r ( artridgc. Prim r. ■ Bout. s Isf. Upon the command make a .iinrter fjuv t,, the right, which will bring the left toe direct to Vv front, the right foot to bo drawn back six inches i,, a diagonal direction to the right, at the same tin,. iH'ing down the fire-lock to the priming no.iti<.M. wiii, the left hand at the swell, the elbow close in iV-.m ('1 the left hip, the side-brass touching the ri'dit hii, the thumb of the right hand placed in fri„;ij„. l^ towards the muzzle. Ist. Draw the cartridge from the pouch 2nd. Bring it to the^nouth. holding it between i the forefinger and the thumb, and bii,. off the t r, V ot the cartridge. ' 1st. Shake some powder into the pan, and r.lan the three last fingers on the steel. 2)id. Shut the pan by closing the elbow. 3rd.^ Seize the small of the^butt with the iihnyr three fingers. ( 1st. Turn the piece nimbly roimd to the loadin- position, meeting the muzzle with the heel of t''- right hand the butt within two inches of the ^'round and the flat of it against the left ankle ; at the sanir tune bring up the right shoulder to the front, an^i square the heels. 2nd. Place the butt on tlic ground without noisp. raise the elbow square with the shoulder, shake th.' powder into the barrel, nutting in after it t'-cpap-r I cand the ball, after which the fingers arc straight. I with the second joint of the fore-finger re.^tin^ on CISC, will now i„ aiik, at close fil--. I't' l)e(brc thcv !ir. RECRUIT— m/A Arms. 2» ii iiinrtcr (m-c t- t toi'flirect to t'l acic fsix iucln's m nf iho same, tin; lingrxjsitinii.uiiii o\v flosc in iV. iii: illJ,Mil(' Vl(rh[ lli|,, cl iti IVoiif of fli' iuirl wrist ii lift! rizontnl. the cIIh'W t'l fi;' :'k-pl;itr iMJiiiijiL; e pouch. Iding it hetwxr;; (1 l)itc oli'tlu' ti;, :• pfiM, aiul j)lar, : elbow. t with the ah..«s. cl to the loafh'iiir the heel of thr vs of tlio ground :le ; at thesann' the front, and | d without noise, uldcr, shake thv ftor it the paper rs arc straight. Igor renting on A> 'aw ramrods. Rain down Cartridge. Return Ramrods. As Front Rank. the head of the ramrod and thumb pointing down- wards, elbow square with the shoulder. In this position each recruit must feel the guard against the centre of the left shin, the thumb of the left hand pressed against the centre, and in front of the left thigh, the muzzle of the fire-lock to be brought in front of the broast-plate, and the barrel to the front. 3rd. Drop the right elbow close to the body and seize the; head of the ramrod with the second joint L of the fore-finger and thumb. 1st. Force tlie ramrod half out, and sei/e it back handed exactly in the middle, with the elbow square with the shoulder. 2nd. Draw it entirely out with a straight arm above the shoulder, turning it at the same time to the front, put it one inch into the barrel ; thf ramrod is thus held between the two forefingers and thumb, with the two last fingers shut in°the .hand. 1st. Push the ramrod down, holding it as before exactly in the middle till the second finger touches the muzzle, elbow close. 2nd. Press the ramrod hghtly towards you, anrl slip the two fore-fingers and thumb to the point, then grasp it as before. 3rd. Push the cartridge well down to the bottom. 4th. Strike it two very quick strokes with the . ramrod. 1st. Draw the ramrod half out, catching it, back- handed, with the elbow square. 2nd. Draw it entirely out with a straight arm above the shoulder, turning it to the front; put it into the loops, and force it as quickly as possible to the bottom, the fore-finger and thumb holding the ramrod as in the position immediately previous to drawing it, and after a pause of one pace of the slow time bring the fire-lock with one motion to the same position as at the word prime and load, at the same time resuming the half face to the right, and carrying the right foot diagonally to. the rear. Place the thumb of the right hand on the cock, and fingers behind the guard, and cock the piece ;' k! 1' -■ iU 30 iPART I. Ready. P'sent. eye Load. j then take a grasp of the butt, fixing the L steadfastly upon some object in front. f Bring the firc-lock up to the present slowly and independently until in line with the object the eye had fixed upon ; then pull the trigger, without a jerk, and when fired, remain looking on the iiim until the word had is given. Too much pains cannot be taken to prevent tin recruit from raising his firelock w ith a jerk, it must be deliberately raised until olligned with the object that the eye is fixed upon, and so that he may lay the right cheek on the butt without too mucli stooping of the head ; particular care must be taken that the recruit in this position shuts the left eye in taking aim, looking along the barrel with the right . eye from the breech-pin to the muzzle. f Bring down the fire-lock to the priming position. Rear Rank. A'i Readi/. iand take hold of the cock with the thumb and fingers behind the guard, and draw it back to the half cock ; the loading will be performed as before directed. Seize the small of the butt and place the fire-lock Shoulder Arms < on the left shoulder, bringing the shoulders and heels square to the front. Make a half face to the right, which will bring the left direct to the front, and step with tho right foot as far to the right as will bring the right toe of each man close to the toes of the left foot of his right-hand man and pointing to the right : at the same time bring down the fire-lock to th( right side, seizing it with the left hand at the swell ; the side-brass to be four inches above the right hip, and cock the fire-lock, fixing the eye on .some object in front, as before directed. Bring up the fire-lock to the present slowly and independently, and pull the trigger when the object is covered, as before directed. S Bring down the fire-lock to the position described for making ready as rear rank, and half cock, as \. before directed. P'senl. Load. Handle Cartridge, As before directed. Prime. 'Bout. Draw Ramrods. Ram down Cartridge. Return Ramrods. As front Rank kneeling. Ready. RECRUIT- TT/'/A Arms. %\ \ As before directed. Turn the piece nimbly round to tbc loading position, meeting tlie muzzle with the heel of thr right hand, butt within two inches of the ground and the i' th(; .she »* C)rtk'rcd The loi) ">(■ march, '•■xorcisc, ( Trailed [such occaa men are to sprint; the order. ; knee, which is les diagonally to leg to be perpoii- the fire-lock tobi on, the side-bras-; ; then cock tin •utt, at the sanii 1 some object in RECRUIT— With Arms. 33 lean to the reai , re-lock, bringing; ards, the muzzK : elbow. )regoing instriic se order in tlw a battalion, as a ito two ranks at s. I described in tln' ing his motions us correctly as ing the pan, and le butt, the right irs the division | taking the time h man will load slow time, but pause between ale remain per- jer and thumb id after a pause ing position. seping the feet ,>'((.); iMcr Arms Fsent. C As before directed :— « P'sent"— At the close of the General, or at the word Cease firing, the com. pany, if made ready, receives the words Half -cock Arms. Half. cock c Place the thumb of the right hand in front of the Anns. cock-screw, and the fore fmgcr at the same time upon the trigger ; the cock is then to be drawn a little back, and the trigger to be draun so us to disengage the catch; the cock to bo gently let down till the Q^l^e of the flint tciuchcs the hammer ; then quit the trigger and draw back the cock to tli(« catch of the half-cock; the small of the butt to be seized with the right hand, and the right foot brought up to the left. In the usual manner, and stand perfectly steady. But — if the company should be in the act of loading, it will go on, and come to the primirjir position when done, waiting for the command oT the officer to shoulder. Firing as a wing or as a battalion, is performed "( precisely as laid down for a company. When a battalion fires a volley, and it is ncjt intended to reload, the caution will be given to fire a volley and half-cock (at the priming position.")^ The battalion will then Shoulder Arms and Sfnit Paiis, by word of command from the Commanding . Officer. X. P).— A company, wing, or battalion, can prime and load, or make ready from the order, with the same ease as from the shouldei-. For instance at the words Prime and slip the thumb behind tht- barrel, and at the word Load according to direction. Any movement can take place from ' Ordered Arms,' as occasions iiinv require in the following manner :— Upon the first word of the i-aution, bring the fingers round the barrel, and raise the butt abuiit ime inch from the ground, with the muzzle close against the hollow 'it the shoulder; and at the word Halt, resume "th(; position of • C)rdered Arms." 'rhe long trail, for the ease of the soldier, may be used on a line ' niarch, or, in marching to and from the place of parade, or xercisc, or with guards marching to and from their po&ts. Trailed arms such occasions it must never be used in field will cause loose marching, and movements, as loss of distance upon k m If III if' aiJt i 1 »1 i*^tl 14 i 34 PART I. Trail Arms. How performed at the Halt. Slip the right hand down to the swell of tlu stock, and lower the muzzle to a horizonta, direction ; at the same time the rear rank wili fall nimbly back a short pace, so that the muzzlo of the fire.lock shall touch the cuff of the front-rank man's jacket. Change from one hand to the other, as often ri> ( may bo necessary. The short trail must never be used in any instance, except tlif second motion of the order, and fixing and unfixing bayonets on th, march, as such motion tends to cramp the muscles of the arm. At the word Halt, arms are to be ordered without the word Ordrr Arms, when the rear rank will close to the front. C/iange Arms. INDEPENDENT, OR FILE FIRING. Independent or file firing may commence from the ri^ht or left oi companies, or from any particular part of the line, as maybe directed and should be done as follows : — At the close of the preparative, the first file will begin, thecatiti..i, havmg previously announced at what part of the line the firintr istu commence ; when the file comes to the present, the next file mak(- ready, and so on for the first fire, after which each file will fire as sooi as loaded, the rear rank man keeping his eye on his front rank man and preserving his fire until his front rank man has fired, and at th. close of the General they will come to the shoulder independenth after loading. ^ The recruits having a thorough knowledge of the preceding portion of the drill, may now be formed in four ranks, and practise to receiv, cavalry with two ranks kneeling, as it is necessary to do so in squaiT four deep. ^ Prepare to C The first rank kneel as front rank, the second resist Cavalry, rank kneeling as rear rank, both bringing at tlv Ready. same time the butt of the fire-lock in front of tin right knee, the lock turned uppermost, the rich! hand lightly grasping the small of the butt, holdin- the fire.lock firm with the left hand at the middle ot that part between the third loop and the swell, th< lower part of the left arm resting upon the thigh. t-.e muzz.e o. the nre-lock slanting upwards, so tiiai the point of the bayonet will be about the heijrht ol a horse's nose, I N. B.- tlic knecli When ;iiid are p they will Direct By file^ S. Squad o Divisio March ;her, as often a- i le right or left of maybe directed, [ RECRUIT— W^i/A Arms. 35 The third rank make ready as a rear rank, with this difference : they will carry the right foot only six inches to the right ; the fourth rank make ready as rear rank ; in this the kneeling ranks do not cock, the two standing ranks will commence file firing at the close of the Preparative, or at the word Commence Firing— and at the close of the General, or at the. word Cease Firing, they will load, and come to the front with ordered arms (at the right side,) and shoulder by word of command, with the kneeling ranks, who will also shoulder from the right side ; the kneeling ranks may be fired if necessary, for which the commander will give the words Kneeling Ranks, ready, p'sent, and which they do as directed in the foregoing instructions ; then with a quick motion bring the fire-lock down to resist cavalry as before, and remain perfectly steady till the word Load is given. N. B.— When the word Load is given, after firing in a square, the kaeehng ranks will load as front ranks. S, 31, Firings. When the recruits have acquired the management of their arms, and are perfect in the motions of the Manual and Platoon Exercises, they will be instructed at closed ranks in firing. Direct to their front and both ranks kneeling. By files. S» 32. Marching to the Front and Rear, The squad, or division, is to be particularly well dressed ; files correct ; arms carried ; the rear rank covering exactly, each individual to have his just attitude and position, before the squad is ordered to move. The march will be made by the right or left flank, and a properly trained man will therefore^ Squad or conduct it. The word Squad or Division, to be Division given as a caution ; upon which the rear rank will March. on all occasions lock up ; and at the v/ord March, < each man steps forward a full pace. The recruit must not turn his head or eyes to the flank by which he is marching, ns a turning of the shoulders would undoubtedly follow. His'elbows must be kept steady, his proper touch maintained, and his ' If f*»'f !i j nil i t'i 'Ul 3G PART I. Halt, Front, March. whole movement, both as to cadence and Icn^rfh „i pace, must be regulated in confoi-mity with fhi.t of the man next to him, towards his pivot fliuilc ; and without reference to the man upon his rove is. flank, whose business again it is to conform to iiim. On the word Halt, the roar rank will make a sli.,it - pace, so as to resume its distance of one puce from i^ the front rank. Turning to the right or left, or about, in march, is not to hfi at first {)ractised ; but the squad is f. Halt, Front, by command, and then March. On many occasions where a body, great or small, after a move •lent to the rear or in file, immediately to "esume its proper front instead of the words to halt, and face aboi.t, the words Halt, Front. with a slight pause between them, will be given, when it is instautK to face to its proper front in line. It is after fronting, tiiat tli.. L dresymg, it necessary, is ordered to take place. I To march straight forward is of the utmost consequence, and h ' mho commands at the drill will take the greatest pains to make h>s squad perfr.ci in this essential object .-—for this purpose he will often place hm^ If behind the flank file by which the squad is to movr m marchmg, and take a point or object, exactly in front of that iili . UHd anoiiier in its rear ; he will then command March, and remain. n.g m his place he will direct the advance of the squad, by keeping the «anV file alwuys in a line with these objects. Great care must be taken to prevent the leaning back of the soldier, and the briiio. tng forward ov falling back of the slioulder, as they are faults which 1} not instantly rectified, will create confusion in a line, where o/;< mm, by brmging forward a shoulder, niav change the direction ot the march, and oblige the wing of a battalion to run, in order M keep dressed. In short, it is impossible to labour too much at making the soldirr move straight forward, keeping always the same front 'as when lie commenced his marcli. This is efl'ected by moving solely from tin haunches, keeping the body steady, the shoulders square, and tlir head to the front ; and it will be attained without difficulty, by i strict attention to the rules given for marching, and a careful obscrv- ance of an equal length of step, ane an equal cadence or time of march. In all of which he must be guided by tlie correct touch to the pjvot flank. The recruit must be practised in changing the pace without ha.i, ing, from slow to quick and double, and from quick to slow time ; as RECRUIT— Tr//A.4m.9. :n R/irJit turn. Lift turn. Rii;ht ahout, Tarn. Lift ahout, Turn. Forward. ,voll as from quick to douh/e, nnd from douhh to quick time : but no v. i Voiii double to slow time, without a previous halt. f Turning on the march, in order to continue it. is necessary wiien companies, or tlieir divisions, are moving in lih;, and tliat, without haltirg, it is eliui. bletomaketiiem moveonin front; or wlienmovini; in front, it is proper without halting to mal, and stei)s otfat the second step. f On the wortl Rear Rank, take Close Order' the j rear rank steps nimbly up to close order, and instantly 1 resumes the pace at which the front rank has cm,'. I tinned to march. S, 34. March in File to a Flank, The accuracy of the march in file is so essential in all eonnie, inarches, hlo movements, and all deployments from close colui-m. that the recruit cannot be too much exercised in it. To the— face, C Ahcr facing, and at the word March, the whfd(> March. squad steps olf at the same instant, each replacitu-. or rather overstepping the foot of the man bef.jiv him ; that is, the right foot of t)ie second man comes within tile left foot of the first, and thus of every one, more or less overlapping that of his precedinl/ man. The front rank will march straiirht alonS —Ch ■^Th The sqi short, mar oblique ste^ been fully N. B. closing fla It cannc and inancei andpractis attended tc several bal well traine squad, that ' of step an ? fre([uent C( soon give t tllO LENGTI slant use < threes or b leading file: to correct i In closin not be too ends, there officers cor nients of hi of his com aiid rigidly rank must look ini, and novor to ; of the march ' loss and cxten. ■novor the body men of the ivjar -heir leaders ot 1 their file. Al. rnatie in quick nfl jiiade in slow ris above, takes -'here the rvu.[ RECRUIT— m^/i A rms. 39 ces at once 1 ilS must be accus- aiik ; eaeh i\h g or increasiiiL' flic makes its in a very sinall on march. The :vot men or not 1 the whccliiin; )p, and loose no lange direction ly gaining the udden stop that Halt, he wheeling of to be strictly On tlie word :, if at one pace lick March, t\\Q , and the rear to cover the ord HaU, the 5?. 37. Wheeelinsr backward. I The squad nuist be practised in wheeling backward in quick time. In this wheel, the ranks may preserve the distance of one pace frOm each other. Great attention should be paid to prevent the recruits Ironi fixing their eyes on the ground. (Vide Sect. 20.) S. 38. Wheeling on a halted and moveable Pivot. The directions for wheeling on a halted, and on a 7noveahle pivot, tiavo already been given in Sects. 19 and 21. The squad shoull now be practised in both, until the recruits are thoroucrhly confirmed in these movements. ' S.39. Stepping out,--^Stcppmg short,— Markmjr Time, ^^t"WJ:^ Fee/,~n.j Side Step,— Stepping back, --I he Oblique Step,— The Diagonal March, The squad must likewise be practised in stepping out, strimim ' short, marking time, changing feet, the side step, steppi.ig hack, tt oohque step, and the diagonal march, the instructions for which hav.- been tully detailed in the forgoing sections. N. B. In closing by the side step, the touch will be kept to the closing flank. ' It cannot be too strongly inculcated, that every just movement and inanceuvre depends upon the correct equalit^of march, establishcni and practised by all the troops of the same army. When this is not attended to, disunion and confusion must follow, on the junction of several battalions, although, when taken separately, each may be well trained. It is m the original iustruction of the recruit,' and squad, that this great point is to be attained. The time and length ot step are prescribed ; the time is infallibly ascertained by tli-. frequent corrections of the plummet, which, when so applied; will soon give to e^ach man the habitual measure so much desired and the LENGTH of step, IS acquired hy repeated practice and the con- stant use of the pace stick. When a squad marches bv files, bv hrecs or by fours, a man should be placed upon the flank of the cading files, to whose step the pace stick can be conveniently applied to correct the Icnght of step of the whole. ^ ^ Inclosing the elementary part of the soldier's instruction, it can- not be too .strongly stated, that where the task of the drill sergeant ends, there the task of the company's officers and non-commissionec oliicers commences. The recruit has indeed been taught the rudi incnts of his profession in the drill squad, but it is o.Iy^in^:e rank.; of his company that the lessons he has received can be so applied and rigidly enforced, as to ensure that tiic acquired positions and J m -1.0 PART I. Hioycmonts of thesoldicr sl.all become the - .tural habit of the m.n; I iKlcr the eye ot thoroii,ahly instructed ^' ,riors, who will r.ive th.ir ^■•'■npu ous attention to the object heiv insisted on, the transiti.,,, umx the recruit to the perfect soldier, will not be very tedin;,; ^yhrn n, wil be awkward for a man so trained to do wrony- : and hi.' ■■"iill may thm hr. sai.J to be over for life. In order, however, t. .u-.ive at this frivat end of all military traininir, no slovenly hahit- •niist hr suilered to creep in at private parades. The sei-.'<'ant ii, 'nvp,.i.tn)g ins section, and the corj)oral in marchinrr his relief, niii^i ■-.act as much attention and precision from tliose undrv him, as lli.. ) i'lli sei'^reant invariably requires from his squad. By prac-tico, wli; - \N as at first constrained, will become natural and easy. Tlie soldi.r •hiistrauied, whether undnr the eye of tlie review^n^•^roneral or tir. iii-e ol an enemy, will perform liis part with faciliiy and correcliie-^ E::*D OF Part I. 41 mbit of the ni;ir;, lo will give their n, the traiisitio!:, he very teilimi^. wrong ; and ln- er, however, t . slovenly hahi:-' The sergeant in ; his reliel", hum ide'V him, as tli. iy praetico, wli:- iy. The soldier I general or tii ■ lud correctiie->. PART II. OF THE COMPANY. S, 1. Formation of the Company* The Recruit being thoroughly grounded in all the preceding parts of the drill, is now to be instructed in the movements of the company, us a more immediate preparation for his joining the battalion ; for this purpose from 10 to 20 files are to be assembled, formed, and told otfiu thci. following manner, as a company in the battalion. The coni[)any falls in at close order, with shouldered arms ; the flics lightly touching, but without crowding ; each man will then oc cupy a space of about .'il inches. The commander of the company takes post on the right of the front rank covered by a sergeant in the roar rank. The other sergeants will form a third, or supernumerary rank, three paces from the rear rank. When a company is tbus singly formed with its officers, the cap. tiiin is on the right, and the other officers in tlie rear, as also the drummer or pioneer in a third rank, at three paces distance. lu this formation comj)anies are to assemble on their private parades, being sized from flanks to centre. The company will be told off' in sub-divisions and four sections. If four officers are present, the captain, when tlie company is in column of sections, takes the leading section, the next in seniority the third section, tlie third in rank the fourth section, and the junior ofTicer the second. The covering sergeant will cover the second file from the pivot of the leading section. When there are but three officers, the covering sergeant will take the second section from the hiiad of the column. The company will also he told off by tlirees from the right, numbered 1, 2^ 3. Should there be a blank file in telling off the company in line, it will invariably be the fourth file from the left. When thus formed, the company will be practised in Opening i and V Ranks. (Sect. 27 and 28, Part I.) Closing of J * '*] * < El i r.*. 42 Dressing (to < to fin PART I. \ by the riglit and left ; to the front, the rear, an oblique direction, j and be exercised in the several motions of the firelock. ^ZTz:n sr t:s t=tli^ ^^ t^vo paces d.tant from each other ; when for insp^tLTt;? 4" i.rJf)] •?, ^^'!'"S"'"«^^ the words of command given bytheinstruc or of the drill (who represents the commander of the bi^^ta lionfft om mmaTd^of^^^^^^^^ '°""^"'^' ""''''' ^^^^P^^' °r Hs dS^^ command, of the former are m capital letters, those of the latter ia S, 2. Marching to the Front, \ 1. In the drill of the company, the person fnZTl^^ "'"? ^'^^y' ^°"'^^^^' '^ ^« a company m battalion, and regulate all its movements upon that principle; he will therefore, before he puts i^ in mo. I tion to front or rear, mdicatc which flank is to di. rect by givmg the word by the right, left, or cen. TRE, MARCH, on which cyes will be directed full to the ront, and the touch preserved to the named nank, or to the centre, as required. Should tho right be the directing flank, the commander of the company himself will fix on objects to march upon m a lino truly perpendicular to the front of the 1 StT' ^"^, )^''«» the left flank is ordered to ) direct, he and his covering sergeant will shift by 1 the rear to the left of the front rLk, and take such objects to march upon. The conductor of the com- pany, before the word march is given, will remark some distinct object on the ground, in his own front, and perpendicular to the directing flank ; he will then observe some nearer and intermediate point lu the same line, such as a stone, tuft of grass, &c.: he will move upon them with accuracyfand as he approaches the nearest of those points, ho must, r from time to time, choose fresh ones in the original I direction, which he will by this means presfrJe, by the right (or left,) MARCH, or, CiirrcK MARCH, COM^ANY. 4S right and left ; )ck. ich the battalion m Order is only scd in situations is closed u]) d I from the heels I order they arc on, three paces. 1 bytheinstruc. ) battalion) from ts divisions, the ) of the latter in ly, the person as a company ncnts upon that le puts it in mo. flank is to di. ', LEFT, OR CEN. directed full to to the named I Should tho imandcr of tho to march upon B front of the is ordered to t will shift by and take such tor of the com- n, will remark his own front, lank; he will mediate point of grass, &c.: cy, and as ho nts, ho must, in the original ins preserve, 8 10 9 33 22 23 J Part I. I never having fewer than two such points to Wove Lupon. 2. As the MARCH of every body, except in the case of inclinincr, IS made on Imcs perpendicular to its front, each individual composin'^r hat body must remam perfectly square to the given lino ; otherwise he will naturally and insensibly move in a direction perpendicular 10 his owu person, and thereby open out, or close in, according to he manner m which he is turned from the true point of his mar"},. f the distoraon of a single man operates in this manner, and all u -Migs of the head do so distort him, it may be easily imagined vlKi. that of several will occasion, each of whom is matching on a diirercnt front, and whose linos of direction are crossing each other. orlrauT^^"^' ''"'''"^ ''^ "''''"'^^' '" ^'"''' ^'^^ occasionally bo ^f''P out Yide Sect Mark Time ..;;.. ^''^- Step Short ,' * ] ■ Open and close ranks - . . , , - -- Oblique , , ,^^ — — __ Diagonal March \\\ . S, 3. The Side Step, Tho side or closing step must also be frequently practised • it is very necessary and useful on many occasions, when halted, and when a very small distance is to be moved to either flank. • When the whole company is to close to a flank, if supposed to be a division of a column, its com- mander remains in his place upon the flank and closes with his company ; but if the company is to be considered as the division of a line, and no stated number of paces is mentioned, its commander will m that case step nimbly forward on the caution TO THE RIGHT (oR LEFT,) CLOSE, and place himself three paces m front of that flank which is supposed the inner one, or that which is nearest to the centre of the line, in order that he may be prepared to halt his CG.:-->any at the proper time, as well as to take a general superintendance of its movement. At the word quick march, the men step off together. * On thB word halt being giVen, the officer instantly resumes his place in the line by the rear. TO THE RIGHT OR LEFT. CLOSE. qUICK MARCH. HALT. ^ 1! ^4 g*'i r .i h; Km 44 PART I. 11 STEP BACK — MARCH, FORM FOUK DEEP. WAReil. S. 4. The Back Step. C The company must be accustomed from the halt < at the word step back— march, to step buck uny ( ordered number of paces. S, 5. To Form Four Deep, 1. Th(i company will be told off, from the rl.'l,t by alternate files right and left; and when iMs intended to form four deep, j)re.s(;rving the suin.. front, the word form four deep will be "ivcn upon which the rear rank will step back one "pair' and on the word march, the left tiles will douhl.' behind the right files, by taking one puce to fh,. rear with the left feet, and one pace to the ri* him- self one pace in front of the centre of his company; during the wheel, he turns towards his men, and ''7 QUICK MARCH. 1 *i , I m .J 1 Is J, Its i i i ^*'*>i %S.^ ■m :/1 46 Halt, Dress. SIONS, RIGHT WHEEL. QtJICK MARCH. Halt, Dress, PART I. t L.?t"""/rf *^ *«"--- from Line. proper pivot flank), oives tbo wnv?) S !, rl^" '"'" both sub-divisions af II „1 T ■^''''' ■^'•«»' f"f the last step Tat fin i ^r''"? "=" '^ '»W"K instantly 7* hLiTtrtt'lSl' '"'""^j ""^ p'rtrs^^rr'^^^^"'*--^ .co,„pa„y„,way3leaZg?h'efa,!°"™»"'''^'°f'''» halting; the instructor giving the word ''™''""='*fflank wilLl vistons have wheeled sqilreltoeol™ ""'' '*" "«' ^"'••'"■ "pSyeXo/irdllSn^oSeTj'^^f *'■-'" *» »'>-l«i their proper f™nt ; the o.h" Ts" rZrJ'i^}'"'' """' -"■ '» In column, divisions cover and diT« trfi he left when tl,e right is in fron a„d o 1 <"T' ^"""^^ ■■ <" in front. * "' ' "^ '" the right when the left is I of suh-divis^^ h;";tiSnaTwXJ^C 'h has been named giving the wor.l man has just com. 1: hcthensquans ng what was the; ■ on the directincr w from Line. DIVISIONS, RlHjrr ipany places him. ^.oftherightsLilj. 1 on the right of ion face to the ach sub-division the directions gi. rhe commanflt;r :he men of the to its left (the Halt, Dress, for n^an is takinj,' 3el square ; and tlie pivot flank, the rear to the ace in column, from the pivot, the pivot flank imander oftho eelcd into open ii* flank ttnthoul. iien the sub-di. when whei>]ed order, and to pivot flank: to hen the left is from Line, open column ards. — When COMPANY. 4, of the right sub-division! The man on the S? of QncKM.Hcn. r a. thewordamc.,™, each sub-division f J^^e^l^ backward, as directed in Sections 20 and ^/, t-art 1. Durmg the wheel, the commander of S, 10. Marching on an AUgnemenU in Open Column of Sub-Divisions. [ The company having wheeled backwards bv ing Section,) and a distant marked object in the prolongation of the two pivot flanks bein' taken the commander of the company, who is now on th ' pivot flank of the loading sllb.diVisionimnSely MARCH. S r ?\nuTTf^ '''T '^ '"-^h - Vi ' p ^, i-ait II.) On the word march, .riven bv thn instructor of the drill, both divisions sren off- a^ 1 e T" 'luT ' '^'' '"-^^'^^ "^the first divJXn mareh ing With the utmost steadiness and equality of rce thVstjnTd' ''• "^ ^''^"' ^"'' the Vmlnler" • he second division preserving the leader of the firs S. 11. Wheeling into Line from Open Column of Sub- divisions, 1. The company being in open column of sub di visions, marching on the align'ement, TceTves The P] "»■■■ * M m '*'m I 48 PART I. HALT. LEFT WIIKEL INTO LINK. QUICK MARCH. Halt, Dress. word HALT from the instructor of the drill; both divisions nistantly halt, and the instructor sees tl the leaders of the divisions are correct on the li, ■ in which they have moved ; he then lmv<s tiif ::ompany to be in L INTO LINK ; Mil pany ^ov.s to tli,. ' j)ivot men iii,;- the aligncincitf. lii sorgo; mt runs th thcni, so us h, lie riglit iliiuk of t, when it shall ho Word qiucK ck time ; durinj^r oinpany, turniiiir vvhooling flank. the nioincnt the thccoinmaiider -'Cts tho intoriinl rgoant andpiv,,[ kly made, am!, company ifivcs >st in lino as di- rnairh on thf )inniand snouf,. n the wheel is to be made on the front rank no into column. ■1 given by tho talion is at the he commaiuli r 'cly, so wheel ; ons. 3ns, it must he verse flank of reverse flank the caution to ise their right 49 Right Shoulders Forward. Formird. arms from the elbow horizontally. On the word Eyes front, the htind resumes its usual position. ^ j f S, 12, In open Column of Sub-divisions entering into a new Direction on a moveable Pivot. f The commander of the leading sub-division, when it arrives at the new direction, will give the Word Right (or Left) Shoulders Forward (Vide fejct. 21, Part I.), and when his sub-division has wheeled square to that direction, he will give the word Forward. The leader of the secojid sub-divi. sion when he arrives at the ground where the first began to change its direction, will give the same words, f )llowing the exact track, and always pre- l serving his distance from the division in his front. 1. If the proper pivot flank is to h» th. wheeling one, each com. nundor of a division gives his wo- alders forward as ho succes- sively arrives at such a distance the point on which he has moved, as that, at the completions of the wheel his division may re- ceive the word Forward when perpendicular to the new line, but With the given pomt, of course, behind the proper pivot ; and that he also m his own person be on the new direction, prepared to give his word Forwwrf, and to proceed. 2. The sub-divisions must take care that they continue their march correctly upon the point where the leading one wheeled, and that they do not shift to either flank, which without much attention, thev are apt to do. •' S, 1,3. Counter-marching, The company, when it is to counter-march, must always be con. SKleredas a division of a battalion in column; the instructor of thf 'IriU will therefore, previous to. his giving the caution to counter- march, signify whether the right or left is supposed to be in front, that the commander of the company, and his covering sergeant, may be placed on the pivot flank before such caution is given, as it is an invariable rule m tho counter-march of the divisions of a column by hies, that the facings be made from the flank, then the pivot one, to the one which is to become such. J » " Counter-march by Files, RIGHT (or LEFT'i FACE, 1st. Oft the word right, or left, face, the com- pany facf s, the commander of it immediately lakes one pace outwards, and faces inwards ready to halt his company ; and his covering sergeant faces to the F 7W ml I si f f ^1 4 \H\ 9k so QUICK MARCH. PART I. Halt, Front, Dress. RIGHT AND LKFT FACE. RIGHT COUNTER MARCH, QUICK MARCH. . Halt, Front, Dress. right about, and covers. At the word Quick March the whole, except the. commander and his coveS serg o flank men, who, during the wheel, preserve them- selves ma line with the centre of the company : as soon as the required degree of wheel is performed. Halt Dress mif'T 'Z ^^ ^'^^ ««"^P«»y fe'iv^^ the word nan, Dress. Halt Dress, and instantly squares it from that flank I, on which he himself is to take post. S. 15. Diagonai March. The instructor of the drill will have the diagonal march frequently Kn 'He'wT"^r"'if -^-^-^--; (vide S. 22323^ met ;^- t^ft Tit '^' ^" '"^' ''""'^ '"'^^^ ^^^" "P' ^"d covers Udcty . that the exact distances arc preserved between the f^les • 1 ?!L'^IP'"^> ^'" ^"^^^'-^ files march in the dTrect Hne to which xUy have faced, the others conforming to them. 8. 16. Increasing and Dimmishing the Front of an Open Column halted. Increasing, The company standing in open column of sub-di- visions (suppose the right in front) receives from the instructor of the drill a caution to form com- pany ; upon which the covering sergeants will run Left sub divi I T "^'"'^ ^^'- ^^'^''^ ^^"^^^ 'T''^ commander of the Lejtsub.divi. company, turning round, instantly orders, L^/i Sw*. «a,t, Left Half i devisum. Left Half Face : Quick March and the le>nntr\rr I iw nU,,^t\ ^1„ ...mi , . : FORM COM. PANV. Face ; Quick March. Halt, Front, Dress up. leading (or pivot) file will march straight on tho covering sergeant. When the kft sub-division has obliqued so as to gain the line of the right sub-di. vision, the commander gives the word Halt, Front, Dress upj and takes post on the left, the pivot flank of the company, *-a ■I'M W ?• r»2 PART I. FOKM SUB- DIVISIONS. Left Suh.divi. ahm, Right about, Three. quarters face, Quick March. Halt, Front, Dress. Diminishing. P?' t|e cautionary command from the instnirtrr o the drill to FORM suB-DivisioNS, tlio scnior sub altcnnustantly fulls back to mark the point whcv the left flank of the sub-division is to rest '!%■ co.mnuuder of the company, advancing one sU^ orders L(// S,ib.division, Right alout thrccquarirrs I I'uce, Quick March ; and the leadin- file of th(> Lf. sub-diyision marches in the diagonal direetin,, until the pivot file reaches the officer who has tuk. „' up Its distance and covers ; and who. « hen it shall reach him, gives the words Halt, Fr--f. Dress The commander remains on the Ivlt flank of the right sub-division, and the next ofiicer on that of .: I. the ieit. In increasing and diminishing the front of an open column halted upon the usual caution, the rear-rank man of the pivot file of 1 1. ' reverse sub.di vision falls back and covers the third 'file of his s division, in order to leave room for the flank of the other sub. hvis on' resuming his place as soon as the flanks are clear ' It is to be observed as a general rule in diminishing the front of a couaaiby the doubling of sub-divisions or sections, whether th column be halted or in motion, that the sub-division or section o the reverse flank is the one behind which the other sub-divis ons o sectu^ns double Thus, when the right is in front, the doubling w be in the rear of the right sub-division ; and vice versa when life !. s in front. And in increasing the front of a column, the rea is b divisions or sectioris, oblique to the hand of the pivot flank is on hat, when the right is in front, the obliquing ^v 11 be to the Id 'a. the reverse when the left is in front. ' S. 17. Increasing and Diminishing the Froni of «« Open Column on the March, Increasing. r The company marching at quick time in open UUmn of Sllh.divicmn /Di,.>r.->„„ _:. .1.^ •_ /• .v FORM COMPANY Left SuLdivi. sion, left half turn, Double. column of sub-division (suppose right in front) receives from the instructor of the drill the caution' ary command, form company : the commander of tiie company, instantly turning round, gives the words, Left Sub-divl-nm left ha f turn, Double, and It instantly moves oflTat the Double March; andaa soon as its inward flank is open, it receives the word )m the instnict'.r the senior sub. the point whcic !S to rest. 'J'liL. incing one stcji, out threcquarUrs n^j file of the left Ton.il (lireetio)i, erwiio has taken ho. when it shriil 'V'^-/, Dress. lelt flank of tlic ficcr on that of 1 cohimn halted, 'ivot file of tlv^ file of his sii!. XT suh-di vision, g the front of a IS, whether the or seetion on lub-flivisions or le doubling will •a when the kft i, the rear sub. flank is on ; so to the left, and FroiU of an time in open ght in front), ill the caution, ommander of id, gives tho f, Double, and Warch ; and as 2ives the word COMPANY. hz Front Turn. Quick. FORM SUB- DIVISIONS. Left Sub. divismi, •mark time; Right half turn. Front turn, and when in line with the reverse sub. division, Quick, the command^jr taking post on the L pivot flank, towards which he has been moving. ' Diminishing. When the instructor of the drill gives the caution to FORiM suB-DivisioNs, the Commander of the com- pnny, advancing one step, immediately orders, Left Sub.division mark time: right haff turn ; and when It has doubled properly behind the right one, the senior subaltern gives the - ord Frmt turn, L placing himself on its pivot flank. The same directions that apply to increasing or diminishing by sub.divisions, apply equally by sections. ° ^ li' the colunm is moving in slow time, when its front is to be in- creased, the division moving up will do so in quick time ; but when the column is marching in quick time, the rear sub-division will in that case move up in double time as directed. S, 18. The Company in Open Column of Sub-divisions to pass a short defle, by breaking off Files, f The company is supposed in open column of sub.divisions, with the right in front ; when the leading division is arrived within a few paces of the defile, it receives from the instructor of the drill an order to break off" a certain number of files (suppose three). The commander of the leading division instantly gives the words, Three fles on the left, right turn, left wheel; the named files immediately turn to the right, and wheeling to the left, follow in file in rear of the left flank of the sub-division.— When the second sub-division comes to the spot where the first division contracted its front, it will receive the same words of command from its own .leader, and will proceed in like manner. Should it be required to diminish the front of the column one or two files more, the commander of the leading division will, as before, order the desired number of files to turn, on which those already in the rear will incline to the right, so as to rovor the ftles now ordered to break "otT, and which turn to the right and wheel to the left in tho manner L already prescribed. h BREAK OFF 3 FILES. Three Files, Right turn. Left wheel. T%Do files, right turn. ii* is \- ji "*1 54 PART I. Three files to the front. '^ .^''*'^^,'l«filc^Jdens(or the instructor of th.. dnll «hal direct), the commander of the Icadh^^ sub.d,v,sion will order files to move up to the fro by giving the;vc.rd One, lu^o, or three files Ltt font; on which the named files turn to their front (the left , and lengthening their pace, march T file by file to the front of their sub-d vi^onrZ immediately resume the march. Those files ^hid are o continue in the rear will oblique to the l.l - lengthening also their step, till they cover, and a e ^ I closed up to the right flank of their sub-diWsion ae reveise flank. The same instructions apply in both cases. 5^. 19. The Company Halted or on the March, moves to a Flunk, in column of sections, or of sections of Threes. , The company from line will be practised in form, mg sections and sections of threes, both when halted and m motion, by the command, sections, or threes RIGHT or LEFT SHOULDERS FORWARD— QUICK MARCII FORWARD ; and the only exception to this rule will be, when pivots are required to be accurately dressed, or when the alignment of the company ia to be preserved ; in this case the command will be SECTIONS, OR THREES, ON THE RIGHT OR LEFT, BACK WARDS WHEEL, QUICK MARCH, HaU, Drcss. SECTIONS, OR THREES, EIGHT OR LEFT SHOULDERS forw:ard if halted, QtTICK march, FORWARD. SECTIONS OR THREES, ON THK RIGHT OR LEFT BACK- WARDS WHEEL QUICK MARCH, Halt, Dress. RIGHT OR 1IJFT SHOULDERS FORWARD— FOSWARD, or Halt, drcMs. \ In re-forming company, the command will be, RIGHT OR LEFT SHOttLDERS FORWARD,— roRT threes leave either'one or two files over they will be placed on the right of the left section of threerwhTch IIZ?" '"^ ^" '"'^'''^'"- '^" '^'^ '' «"« fi'« overLon th; word THREES SHOULDERS FORWARD, the front rank man wheels up and {.laces himself in rear of the pivot flank of the section in front o^fhh« us rear rank man placing himself in the rear of its reverse flank SanVr.^''''"^".'?' ^"' ^^"^^ "^^ «'^ ^« ^ blank one' the reverse uLt ' r^^^^g^'^^^^'^^n '""^t necessarily remain uncovered llT.r 'T ^'"' °^^!-they wheel as ordered, and foJm a sec tion of hemselves, covering the outward flanks of the secS>n nrp ceding tliem ; but if one of these two files is a bilk file 'he X; rnUo Ir " "".^'^ '•^"'^■' ^'^ '^^ ^"--^ -"k men covering tl' KeVn'thtr"'''"^ ^^'^""' "' ^^^ -^ -"'^ -« ^teppinVu; der^ forwi"r§ '.t' f ^T '^"^ •*' '^' '^^ht or to the left by the shoul. derslorward, the leading section must frequently be practised to wheel upon the centre man of the three, Is they will ofS be ' rn'of a HnT' " '''^^^'"^'^^ '^ '^^ --» when 'formeS t" a di^t tPllTnl^'fr'^''^";!^ ^* f"-"" ^'T may form threes to a flank, after the sufcessit' The r?f '' ^' ^^ "^" r ^'^^''^'' '^ clo'so raHly n succession. 1 he fir^t three is formed at once ; the fourth man in the front rank then sees that he is the pivot for the nex thrp^ nn ^ turns or faces into the new dirmion ^he eventh ^1^'^^^ and so on to the reverse flank of the company; whenonthe ma ch' belL'tl^o"£-'''fi/'""^''^r^ a column of threes, the command will stnM^^ S! '" "!^ "Inarching, right whed-lejl wheel comma^dP wiir'^"^''' *" ^°''" '""^P^"y "P«" the leading three, the thrTr^ll li.'?^ ^'r^'''''' ''o^M COMPANY, upon which the leading Dronpr hlT ^*''"^'*^^ remainder will make a half turn to the S urti'?K' ^"^ fV''^ T *^ '^'''' P^°P^^ ^^^^^ in line, will mark .irne untu the word forward or halt is given. ' aecLril^'f °"' of threes it be required to form sub.divisions or aections, the commander will order right (or left) turn, right v wheeling the threes forward on their reverse flank, as the inversion can at any moment be corrected. S. 20. Forming Company/, Sub-divisions, Sections, or sections of threes, from File Marching, At this word of command, the leading file mark. the rear farM.,;. to the rear, thus forminfr a squur. oi three. 1 he instructor will cause the next fuiu men to take post at the .several angles : and others as they come up will complete the diflerent fac s between these angles, which will form a square of 2. A square thus composed of twentv-four men (besides the person who is to rally) and formc^d two deep mny be augmented to a square oi seven, tlir.'n deep, by four more men taking posts at the angles, and others coming up to complete the faces as before ; the square will then consist of forty-eieht men, and may be augmented in the same manmr to a square ot nine, four deep, by the angles beiii. occupied by four more men, and the faces filled m as before ; and the square will then be composed of , eighty men. * r 3. When the square is to march.— In order to move with the necessary regularity previously to putting the square in motion, the instructor will cause the faces to be dressed ; and after the caution, he will g,ye the words inwards face, and it will face m the named direction, and step off accordingly .at the word quick march. 4. To resist Cavaln/.—Vpon the word halt, the square will halt and face outwards, and when it is to PREPARE TO RESIST CAVALRY ;— Upon the WOl'd READY, the front rank only (if the square is two or three deep wil kneel ; if four deep, the two front ranks will kneel. If ordered to fire t^.^ ^'"ndiv" ranks only will commence an independent 'fire"; L bringing the iire-loek gradually up to the present. I COMPANY. 50 uare, iv'mfr caused the i.stiiDcc, will giv(j iHE, at tile sanii; ipjKxsed enemy; sted, fixii)nuirP3 to form to resist cavalry, it may be wheel.d forward i do co! -aia of actions and c osed to the fro.U. When halted, the tro renr se^ ions face to the right about, and the two outward files of ih. .ecoun and third sections iac^, to their right and lef>, so as to pres. -! of. ...t in all directions. The men on the angles also face to the: right and V"*^ (.-> End of Part II. .* " ■* ' It ' ^ l-.'^l - 'tii -^t\ vord HALT, the and \vhen it is )on the word are is two or the two front r the ^landing pendent fire, ' the present, 60 PART III. GENERAL PRINCIPLES FOR THE MOVEMENTS OF A BATTALION. tion Slow Macrh. Commands. All words of command mast be given, short, quick, and loud, so as to be heard and understood from right to left of a battalion in line ; or from front to rear of a battalion in column. The confidence and prompt obedience of the soldier can only be in proportion to the firm, decide J, and proper manner in which every one gives his orders. Degrees of March, General inten- 1. All military movements are intended to be made with quickness, consistent with order, regularity, and without hurry or fatigue to the troops. 2. The slow step is particularly applicable to purposes of parade, and occasionally to the march of extended lines. Quick March. 3. The Quick March is the usual pace to be applied to all general movements of battalions, or greater bodies, in column or line. 4. The Double March is only to be applied to the movements ofthe divisions of a battalion ; that is, to the interior movements of the divisions of a battalion when forming on any of its fixed parts. It cannot be applied to the movements of greater bodies, without exhausting the inen, except upon peculiar occasions for a short dis. tance ; as in a charge or where a post or position is to be seized, or the wheel of a column tobe performed. In echellon movements the Double March may be safely applied to sub-divisions or sections, when used in rapid formations from line to square, and from square to line, or for quickly th-owing back or forward a flank ; but not to the march of companies or strong divisions in echel- Ion changes of front or position. The double march must never be ; plied to file marching except in the formation of square on the two centre sub-divisions. 5. The instruction L the oblique step is still neces- sary, in the drill of the recruit, for the obvious purpose Double March. Oblique March. 'ALIGN. ck, and loud, so battalion in line ; 3 confidence and rtion to the firm, es his orders. ded to be made regularity, and ible to purposes ch of extended ;e to be applied • greater bodies, applied to the ; that is, to the battalion when mot be applied lout exhausting for a short dis. >r position is to performed. In may be safely 1 used in rapid square to line, I a flank ; but i^isions in echeK double march except in the b-divisions. ) is still neces. bvious purpose Sci"f iiiits. OF TME BATTALION. 6J of giving hiin the essential habit of moving oblicinfly without aflecting the square position of his bodv to flu- iVont, and this is highly useful to prevent crowdinir. i»r >l>' 3Iarchin ar ill Line. 1. Tiic iiiareh in line, either to front or roar, is the most iinpovtant uii.l most difficult of all. movements, and r.'.|uiros every exertion ofconinifuuling office I's an.! rvrcy Jin.'ntioji of officers and men for its true attuiiimnit.— 1 he essential points ti. be- observed, are, the perpendic- ular direction of the inarch to the front of tlic battalion as then stan(lin<,r ;_il„,. perirct squareness of s}i,,uldcrs 'i\u\ body of each individua! ;— the liglit toucli oftl,,. liirs to the directing point;— and the accurate eouaMtv of cadence and step given hy advanced sergeants. 'Z. Ewvy individual sli.")iildtli(«reforc l)e we-ll pr. f)ared f >r this movement. But t,; ensure its correct exrcutinu three directing sergeants must Ik. furpied in tiie centre ol the battahon ; njxm whose exact cadence, step, s(|uare- ness oflKxIy. un centre of his body, frou) the junction of his heels, fak.' up and prolong a line perpendicular to himself and to the ii j I'M' % J e: ■■■: i 6-2 I "I'i J5„ On a halted pivot. On a move- able pivot. ip PART in. battalion ; for this purpose he will observe and tal any accidental small point on the ground within 100 or loO paces. Intermediate ones cannot be wantincr, and their renewal is easy, as he successively approachcrtlu m in his march. 4. These preparatory arrangements being made, tlif mounted officer will give the word « Steady,^ as a ^uM that the lino of direction is detei-mined. 6. When the battalion advances, the scrfrennt-maior will remain steady in the rear of the line for 20 or u paces, to ascertain under the directions of the mounfcd otftcer, ^he squareness and correctness of the lino of march. If no waving or crowding in the line apnoar the direction IS certainly true, and the sergeant-majo; will then follow in the rear, covering as before. ^ 6. Upon the caution that the battalion is to rotiiv the directing sergeants will face about, and the same a.' rangements are made as directed for the advance. Tlu rear-rank men must avoid closing their files more tlia.i usuah otherwise the front men, who are in general larger will be crowded in their ranks. ^ Wheeling, 1. The inanner of performing the wheels of a divi. sion IS sufficiently explained in the first and second parts. are made on halted and moveable pivots ; and may onlv be necessary to add an explanation of the circumstance ado^'ed' ' description of wheel is respectively 2. Wheels are made on a halted pivot from line into column, and from column into line. 3. The principle of the moveable pivot (Vide ti. 21 Part I.) must alway be applied to the wheel of divisions marching m column. And in column of route and ma- n^uvre, when at less than full distance, the new direc tion should be taken at an angle, so obtuse with the for- "HZlT- u.'^f V. Z T ^° '^^"^''^ '"^^^ than a wheel nnnJ^ ? M^^'^^^/u^''*^"^^') ^"^ °"« «i^tcenth (for quarter distance) of the circle ; otherwise, the arc of the cu-cle to be wheeled would so much exceed the distance nnlrr iTT^'X ^^^^ ^r^ing must be the consc ,^~: ," ^"^ criaiigu ill direction ui such columns is to be made at an angle more acute than the above pro. serve and uike up iind within 100 or >t be Avantiiig, and y approaches tilt m s being made, the teady,"" as a signal d. he scrgeant-majdr ine for 20 or 30 IS of the mounted 5s of the line of the line appear, e sergeant-miijijr is before, ilion is to rctiif. , and the sanKs ar. e advance. Tin r files more than in general larger, I'heels of a divi. and second parts, s shewn that thcv s ; and may only he circumstances 1 is respectively ot from line into rat (Vide ti. 21, ivhcel of divisions 3f route and ma. !, the new direc use with the for. re than a wheel e sixteenth (for ise, the arc of the eed the distance It be the consc- such columns is I tho above pro- Wheel of di- visions may be mside for- ward or backward. How perfor. nied, OF THK BATTALION. 63 portions, or at a iright angle with the line of march, it must be performed gradually, (unless performed by battalions at once, vide S. 10. No. 5, Part III.)— the word " Forward'' being always given when the wheel of the above-named extent has been completed,— and then the wheel to be repeated, if necessary, when a few paces more advanced. And if the leaders of each division follow with scrupulous attention, the changes of direction of the division in their front — giving tl word *' Right (or Left) Shoulders Forward'' at the same spot, and then " Fomard" at the moment when the division IS square with the one preceding, the distances, and the whole regularity of the march will be preserved. It may be observed, however, that a column of very small di. visions may follow and conform to the windings and turnings of the head, without repeating the word, S/wm/. ders forward which should be given by the head division upon ail occasions. 4. Wheels of divisions may be made either forward or backward. In progressive movement t hey are made forward, but particular occasions require that they should be made backward, on the pivot flank : In this man- ner the line may wheel into open column of companies, sub-divisions, or sections, and be prolonged when neces- sary to either flank, the pivots being thus preserved.— The wheel backwards is also advantageously used in marching off" parades, where guards are of different strengths, and is often essentially necessary in narrow grounds. By this means, although divisions should be unequal, cither in the same battalion, or in a line, yet ai; their pivot flanks will, after the wheel, remain truly dressed ; of course^ the distance will be just, the line of marching accurately preserved, and each division, by afterwards wheeling up, will exactly occupy the identi- cal ground it quitted. The backwards wheel, however, need not be practised where the ground is uneven, and the divisions stronger than 15 or 16 files ; where this is the case, the command will be form open column right (or left) in front ; upon which the pivot men face as required, and the divisions are faced to the right about— RIGHT (or left) WHEEL ; and arfi linhed and fronted by the {eaders of each when the wheel is per- formed. ■Jiti ■;♦• M ^'>%i s f •* t i ^m- I* i lli t54 ..\Hr>!'s.inrv rcfi)llt'c'(ioiis PART III. 3, If the divisions of a battalion am kept equali/ni (uluch they ought always to be for the purposes „i nian(Euvre,) they may wheel in succession upcu th,. reverse as well as th . pivot flank, without deran 'rj,,. ,1,,, line of covonng ; but where divisions happen to In- "vnv •pial, and that they arc to wheel successively on thr. ,v verse flank, a strong division must wheel at a point short ot the precedmg one, by the space of as manv fiies .s the strength of the latter is exceeded, and a \svn]i dW' sion niust overpass the wheeling point of its nnrc.iirrr ■sti-onger one, by the space of as manv files as it is dctf cient. 6. It appears that the number of paces of HO indus comprised in the front of any division r ■■ h-J is iu-irlv JMths of the number of files of which it is c -n.posc.l ; anil that the number of files being once ascertained in ead. division, the ofllcer commamUng it must on all occasions recollect the number of paces that are equal tohisfrojit m ♦^. 'm ; kept cqimlizcii ;he piirpuscs [>( ;ssion ujton tin; Jt cloraiifriiijx the ppeii to he uiic. ivcly on tho jv. at aj)oi))t sliori IS nuijiy flics ;is nd a wx'ak (iivj. ?f its prcccdiiit; les as it is iJcti. ?s of ;}(> ijichcs, h"' . is iicariy c iinposcd ; anil rtairifci in vach m all occa.sioiiii ual tohisfrojit, i OF THE BATTALION. Cb o §^ 00 CO § tn 00 ^ g o I— » o^ Ob l4^ KS s§ s? o o < «;i to »l^ Oi 00 « s ■"•■'- "^ I l - 65 CD Q CD P O CD cn O CD CQ O B P CD B B B CD •-< O CD GO yt; m *► '■: If * iii II fa K-*-' ^1: •~* <$6 Covering Sorgoauts. Points to be always kfpt (•loar. Bnfe poim<). PART III. The Alignenient, " ^ 1- To niarch in en aligneMent is to make troons march m any straiglu line which joins two given points —or to torm upon any such given line. Points of Formation, 1. A sergeant will be placetl upon ail occasions of .ormation ot hnes, in front of each flank file of tho com pany named as the base, facing to the right if rhe *brni' tion IS on the right company, to the Icl't if on the i v,t company, and inwards li'on any other company unci •> covering ser^n-ant will run out from each company as i' arrives withiL v^exity paces of the point of formation! and will coyrn- at adistance of the division in the line established by the crgeants in front of the base who wil remain steady until ihe third company from them receives the vvortis £y,; front, when they will pass to the renr Ihe covering sergeant of the next company will al- remain steady until the third company from him receives the \vor and so on until the line is formed in tins manner each covering sergeant will have two points to cover upon; and each division will alvvav^ have two points upon which it will be brought parailcftu the general line, and independent of the divisions already formed; and if the points are well taken up, and tlu' a J visions properly conducted, little dressing will be no ccssary. ■ ^ 2. It is most essential that these sergeants, who are so many intermediate points, connecting the flank of appui with the outer flank point of the battalion, should be always kept clear for the view of division officers.- Divisions must therefore " rfrm w/' to them wpon all occasions. (Vide Deployments and Echellon Movements, S. 36, 40, and 41, Part III.) 3. Whenever a company is named as the base of a tormation, two sergeants belonging to it will immediatelv spring out and give the base for the covering points.- When formations are made upon the centre, the inter- mediate points of each wing will cover the central base ; and upon change of fr, ; on the colours, one of tlic - pernumerary sergeants • the centre will place hi -K m the new front before tne colours, and the cove • . sergeants of the two centre companies will change plr.- OF THE BATTALION. 07 1 to make troops two given points, I a'-^ occasions oC k file of tlip com. ight if rheibrnu;. oft if on the Jeft company : unci a ch company as i; :nt of Ibrmation. sion in the line the base who v i' om them receivi s pass to the renr. iipany will ah com him receives le line is formed, nt will have two ion will ahvay.s •ought parallerto divisions already en up, and the sing will be nc- feants, who are ng the flank ol )attalion, should ision officers.' > them iipon all Hon Move7nents, 3 the base of a vill immediately ering points.— ntre, the inter- le central base ; one of tin - I place hi .:M I the cove/.i : 1 change plr.' Formation of open co- lumn from line. and him. Co>-'.ririg rfcn^ettuta in change of position by the open co- lumn. cover nim, the coverers theid as before. ^" ^ ^ ""^""'^^ "" 4, When a line changes its front in any direction, by muuns ot the open column, a covering sergeant from each division will always run out twenty paces before, the division reaches the new alignement, to mark its distance ; and he will cover, at the proper pivot flank, •ipon the point or formation. 5. When formations to line or changes of position are niaae by sub-divisions or sections, the covering sergeants ot compames are sufficient to take up points. Dressing. The officer or non-commissioned officer, in dressing. IS placed on that flank of his division to which the men's eyes are turned ; and from the second file from the iJunk ol the company towards which his wheeling flank moves from column, or his inward flank from cchellon, ne makes his corrections on his intei-mediate point, and tne battalion point, which is previously marked by the adjutant, or some other person placed in the true gen. oral line. ° Open Cohimn, I. When a column is to be formed from line, it mav be done by the wheel of divisions; either backward oV forward. Upon the caution, the leaders of divisions place themselves close before the centre of their compa- mes, facing to the front ; the pivots face, and a supernu- merary sergeant of the right or left company (according to which flank is to be in front) runs out, and places him! selt at the point where the wheeling flank of that com- pany is to rest at the completion of the wheel ; the cover- ing sergeants of the whole fall back one pace ; and the supernumerary rank closes up within one pace of the rear rank. When the wheel is performed, the coverincr sergeant covers the second file from the pivot flank. " 2. When divisions march by threes, in order to tako up a new alignement in open column, either to the front or rear, the sergeant of each, successively as it arrives at 20 paces from that line, runs out, takes his distance, covering in the alignement, and remains as a point on which hir officer will conduct his division, and after, wards occupy. When such change of front is made irom line to the. front, each covering sergeant, in taking ' % •I'. A '1 u- 1, li 08 PAUT in* Covering of pivots. Posting of Column of cub-divisions Column of sections and threes, and files. In counter- marches. distance ibrlus own company, becomes tho point upon which the division next in front must be directed, and )„- resumes his station (by the reverse flunk) in rear ofhi^ own company aa soon as his place is taken Ity the officer In changes to the rear, the sergeants in like niannei^ take distance for their own company, which in this cas,. will also form upon them. 3. In column, divisions cover and dress to the proper pivot flank ; to the left when the right is in front • mul to the right when the left is in front. The proper piv,.t flank in column is that which, when wheeled up to, pre serves the divisions of the line in their natural oiWr and to their proper front ; the other is called the revcrsj flank. 1 ^' '^ r® covering .sergeant accompanies and assists tlic leader of a company in all his movements, and preserve. his place whenever the officer's duty requires him K. quit it. 5. When the column marches, if the officer is in front ol the company, the sergeant is on the pivot of the front rank, and is answerable for the division distance If the officer remains on tlie pivot flank, the sergeant then tails back behind the rear rank, and covers the second tile trom the pivot. 6. When the battalion is in column of sub-division^:. u ^^^^^,^^ "o «<^cond officer, the covering sergeant takes the flank of the second sub-divi.sion. 7. In column of sections the covering sergeant takes the flank of the second section, if there is not a third subaltern to command it. If there is a third subaltern giving an officer to every section, then the covering scr- geant v^iU cover the second file from the pivot flank of the leading section. In the march by threes, the officer commanding tlie division is placed on the inner flank of the leading section of threes. TIkj covering sergeant leads the centre file. In file marching the coverin sergeant leads the front rank. 8. When divisions counter-march in columns, the po- sition of the covering sergeant is the same as that laid down in the counter-march of a single company. (S. 13. Part II.) 1 ^ V 9, TihesfeTKobgcfvaiion applies so tiic counter-march by ranks. (S. 18. Part II.) "i? k, OF THE BATTALION. 69 :m ounter-march Formation o/"liiie from ypi'ii coJuniii C'lluitni of Vliiicli. MtiMip, Dru/iimorfl, 10. On ihe caution officers move to the centre of their companies, one pace from the front rank ; their coVer. ]n0 paces of the proper pivot point, will stcT> out to tukfiif) the distance, and tlie covering in column. T> - coveriiii sergeant will remain steady until l.u is replaced In l,is ofticcr, ^vhcn he will cQver his officer in the rear rank All superiiumerari(;s tako post on the reverse /lank of tiie cohunn, and in deployn)ent will halt with thiir re spectivc con.panics. If a close column is formed fn.iii any move open columns, the covering sergeants will nut run out, but remain during the march in rear of their respective companies, and when halted cover their of. nccrs. 2. The column at quarter distance partakes of all the properties, and is capable of all tlic formations and do. ployments, api)lied to close column, hi. t the covering scr- geants and sui)ernumerary rank are posted as laid down for open column. 3. Upon the caution for the column to wheel, the covering sergeant of the front company will move out to mark where the outer flank of the column will rest when the wheel is complete ; and in order to perform the wheel without crowding at the inner flank, the flank hie, whether officer or man, rausi be the pi^ ot upon which the wheel is made, and thus le whole cohmm wheels as a division, alor tJ' , directi, . of the commaii. ding officer. 4. In order, also, to avoid crowding in the wheel of a close column, it is ne .y.iry that, up. a the wheii be ing ordered, all the year d:visions make a half flice to the reverse flank, each file, on the word Qvirk or JDoubk March, and during the wheel, circling rcuid and cover. ing the rektive files of the divisio. n front ; the officers and covering sergeants will cir- in he same way round the officers in their front, u ! coii..ie their alten. tion to the covering. o. In the same manner the rear divisions will make a half face to the reverse flank, when the wheel is made at quarter distance : but in order to preserve the quar. ter distance accurately, the leading dfvision will advance au paces on the word Quick or Double March, and will From close and quarter distance co- liimna on a central com. paiiy. Direct Kchollon. OI)lique echfiloii. t or rear of tliG ■i flank whicli is Tlie covcM-irifj vhen witlnn uo ' out to take up T' -1 covering ojiiacud by 'lis the rear nuik. averse flank of with thtir re is fbnnecl from geants will nut 1 rear of th( ir L'over their of. takes of all the utions and dc 2 covering ser. d as laid down to wheel, the vill move out imn will rest !er to perform lank, the flank le pi\ot upon ivhole cohuiin ' the comniau. the wheel of the wheti be lalf face to the rk or Doubk id and coyer, t ; tlie officers le same way le their atten. IS will make ivheel is made ■ve the quar- I will advance ircA,and will From close find quarter distancr co- iiimna on a central coin- pany. Direct EclioUoii. Oblique fcht'llt)ii. OF THE BATTALION. fi wheel at a eliortened pace round the pivot man (who insfntnly faces m the now direction,) while each sue ceedmg division will advance in circling round to quarter distance, which will leave room for the divisions of tho rear wing to circle into their relative positions at that distance —fhus, in all such wheels at quart.-r distance, tlie battalion must gain six paces to its front. In wheeling on the moveable pivot, the roar divisions make a ha/F. turn lo^^:xrds the shoulder brought forward, and the front (J 1 vision wheels and advances at a shortened pace in the new direction, the rear division circling ronrid. Deployments* If from e'ose column the covering and a supernumc- rary sergeam fron, the named company move in front of le flank files of the leading division and face inwards, thu'j giving the base for the new line. If from quarter distance column, by sections of threes, tne cover ag and supernumerary sergeants act as luid uown tor ... close column, but take up the points three paces ;n frc... of the leading division. Echellofi, 1. The direct echelon is when; the divisions of a bat- ahon march off" sue ively froma flank, at e.nial dis- tances from one anotli. r. 2. The oblique or wheeled echellon is where the dl- visions of a battalion are previously wheeled into .-ui obhque direction, for the purpose of gaining ground to u 3. Whenever tlic divisions of a battalion are caution- ed to wheel forward or backward any named number of paces in echellon position, the covering sergeants post themselves before or behind the C( otre of the eighth file from the standing flank, and take the ordered number ot paces on the circumference of the circle. When the divisions have been respectively whe* Jed, and received the word Eyes front, these sergeants place themselveo on the outward flanks. Great accuracy is required from sergeants in taking these paces, as ipon thein do- pemis the correctness of the echellon. 4. Whm divisions, wheeled into . chellon, form line upon a division already formed in thtir front, the cover- mg sergeants will run out to take up the distance and 72 PART III. covering i„ thn iritoruld lino, when tlu; divLsions in murd, Hhall rospoctively approach to twenty |)arc,s from thr d, vision already plm;<..l uvering Iron'i the p„int on vs|,„.|, the tonnation is made. 1. When the bfittalion fires In- divisions the s,.rif,,i„ts tiikv. the places of tlu; ofllcers, who havr i„nv d u, tl„ rear. FORMATfON OF THE BATTAIJOX. », I: '■'< I Fdrmiiiiiiu of 'III' IJat. tllliuM. l'i).«ition of ttio 0'iiii|m. iiics ill l)atl;i iiiii. DiviMiDn-'. ('iMIip'UlicH (■(iiKtli/.t'd. 1''f tllO SUIIK- lilli'. I firranr.':''il iii lb, .■^, rrotu nij\\* 1., <.'Oir)[)uiiy oil li <>m li^flit to It i!. s, viz — into iiuii; .1 irit.o I'ij^ht iini! ibcrcd I,' '2, :!.•!. ciiit of r.uinl.ir 1-, lovi'mi'iit ; !> il i: Ustnivu'd to (.XT- XH must often \i: ni'.iiiifcil. ofiici'r ;i(l\T,nrc:i •■rciso wild) ;!i, line, rui'l in th, coloiir.s, t\vt!\' ir of the soroiid the second mi- ■!oconme.s, fmth m the front rank, and each covered hy a Mor..conums8ionedonicer,orste!ip wh-n m Ime; when in column, it is at the distance ef one pace. 1 h.; esse-ntial use of the supernumerary rr.nk IN, to keep the oth.rs dosed up to the front d.irinc the attack, ai.d to prevent any break beginning in the rear : on ttus nnp(,i-tant service, too many ofhcns and non <-<.immssioned officers cannot be employed. The pioneers are asse,ub!(.-d behind the centre of (he j:r...nadier company, fonu.d two dee]., and nine pr.es liom the supernumerary rank. The drunnners, HfeTs, and buglers of the battalion are .issembhul m two divisions, nin(> paces b.>hind the super- numerary rank of tlu. first and last battalion companies I he musicians are nine paces from the suj.ernuuier- firy rank, m rear of the cnitre of the battalion, form. ,/ wo deep and at loose files, only occupying no more spac-,' than IS necessary. i. o i ^ ^. The stufi; consisting of tho paymastcT. sm-geon.asM< tile mu Ifc'""' 'l"^'"t^'^--"^a«ter, are three paces behind In general, officers remain posted with their proner companies ; but commanding officers will occasionaiiv make such changes as they may find necessary. Wh.enevcr theofTiccrs move out of th., frnntrnnL- marcliing !olumn, wheeling wise, their places are trken by their or otl er. \^P li I 1, M ' '-"'Mi '11 sergeant coverers, H i! Rear rank take Open Order. March. '^^ PART in. or senior subalterns, as may be ordered, and preserve] until tjie oflicers again resume them. When the Battalion takes Open Order, ( At the word OrtZer, officers recover swords, and mov. at once close in front of the files opposite which they aiv to stand,— that is, the captain in front of the second fil, trom the right of the company, the senior subaltern in tront of the second file from the left, and the third sub alternin front of the centre file— if there is a fourth of. hcer the distance between the flanks will be divided - 1 he sergeant coverers take a pace to the left to allow the officers to pass, and then move up to the front rank to preserve the intervals left by the officers. The fianK men on the right of the rear rank of each company step briskly back one pace, to mark the ground upon which the rank is to halt ; they face to the right, and cover as L pivots, corrected by the sergeant-major on the right. At this word, the rear rank steps back one pace, drcs. smg by the right ; the officers of companies march three paces direct to the front, glance their eyes to the right, correct their dressing, and port their swords at the word steady from the major, who dresses them. The officers with the colours march forward three lengthened paces, and dress in the line of officers. , The music, drummers, and pioneers remain as postc 1 ""• u.°'5 u' v""- T^^^"""* "^^J^^ places himself on the right of the line of officers: the second major on their lefl; the adjutant on the left of the front rank. The staff, VIZ., the paymaster, surgeon, assistant.surgeon, and quarter-master, place themselves on the right of the front rank of the grenadiers at one pace distance. The colonel and heutenant-colonel advance ten and six paces before L the colours. * The whole thus arrive at their several posts, and the battalion remains formed in this parade order, to receive a superior officer.- When the battalion is reviewed singly, the division of drummers will be moved up and formed two deep on each flank of the line : the pioneers will be formed two de^p the right of the drummers of | the right, auu the StdiFwill [onaon .o right of the whole. red, and preserved Rear Bank take Close Order. March, Colours. OF THE BATTALION. 75 When the Battalion resumes Close Order, ' .S^t °^f ^"^ '■''^T'" ''^°''^^' ^"^' with the colours and staff, face to the right. the'^cemre"'"'^" ^""^ pioneers (if on the flanks) face to . The sergeants (if in the front rank) face to the right. ^ The covering sergeants take three side steps to tlie nght, and one full pace to the rear, to allow the officers The rear rank closes within one pace. thpi f i"''"^''^''^'^ drummers, pioneers, &c. &c. resu»ie the r places, each as m the original formation of the Dattalion in '.'ose order. inWvtl^^T T'^^*.''TS^ ^"^ i"*'' their respective inteivals,and each mdividual arrives and places himself L properly at his post in close order. ._ When the battalion wheels by companies orsub-divi. sions to. either flank into column, both colours and the directing sergeants always wheel to the proper front, and place themselves behind the third, fourth and fifth nie Jroni the new pivot. }i (if! ^ "■ ""yt; End er Part III, 76 PART IV. 11 1^ 'I'll !il' !1>" {'r\s .11 1 (i ;n sim- ;il<- iis possi- i\i) move. nit.Mit tu he until tlie last -nil lid of the LIGHT INFANTRY. Signals and Sounds for reg'alating Movements. 1. Signals and sounds are necessary in various .sit,,;, tions ; they are mtended as substitutes for the voice : hut" as they are hable to be misunderstood, thev should nev.r bo resorted to, excepting when the voice cannot icuch • oi ^for the purposes of drill and instruction. _w. i'or this reason, and as the same sound upou ;, different key, or m different time is apt to occasion n,i. takes, they ouglu to be as few and as simple as possi. a. No movement should ever bo executed until th. bugle sound IS perfectly finished ; and in the comhinatintw of the sounds with the " F/re," that sound should ulu.rs be the last, otherwise the company might immcdiar.i.. commence a fire upon the spot ; and if the march nV retreat were to follow, it would not be heard. 4. Ihe following sounds appear suflicient for cvors- situation in which light infantry can be employed :— ' The Officers' Call, \ '^^ established, and thercfon; . _ ^ not numbered. I. lo Extend— from that part of the line wh(;re tii.' bug e ^und«, except preceded by the distinguishing (J. }' ^o/-iosE— to the spot from whence'it lu-ocecN and for skirmishers to run in upon the supr)orts except preceded by the distinguishing G. ' Jv J° Advance— in order of the present formation. IV. 10 Halt— in the same order; except in retiiii..' by alternate ranks, in which case they form up to thr front. The halt annuls all previous sounds excrnt u> y. To Fire.— If when halted, the^- fire upon the spot, skirmishers selecting their objects. ' If on the march, whether advancing in a general lino, or retiring bv al- ternate ranks, the men of a file fire alternately, one beinrr always loaded. ^ ° V J. ('rasp FlPIlWr! _'Cir«w»r v»»» «_ „_. /» . 1 a i ..%....^, - ^r^ij xTiais. t.0 cease nnng ana Distinction between the assembly and tile close. LIGHT INFANTRY. 77 yil. To Retreat.— When not firing, to retire immc diatdy in quick time. The hue, reserves, and skir. mislitrs, fac:ing to the right about, if no other order or rate is specified. VIII. Assembly.— This sound may be used on many occasions, viz., to turn out a corj*, or con.pui.y, at any time by df.y or night : to repair to a place of rendezvous previously appoinred, when extended as skirmisliers, and surprised by .cavah-y in open ground. For skirmisi.ers, with tlieir supports and reserves, to run in upontlie bat- talion. * IX Incline to the Right.— If on the march, Left slwulders forward, h halted, the skirmishers will take ground to the right in file. X. Incline TO the Left.— Right shoulders forTeard, or Lrjt Jace, according as the skirmishers may be in motion or halted. j ^ iu XI. The Alarm^ . . 5. Tlie following signals being repititions, or combi. natums of the preceding sounds are not numbered. 11^.^ Advance and Retreat.— Sounded when incli. ning to a flank, indicate that sufficient space has been gained to a flank, and that the original direction is to be resumed. When a line of skirmishers, or an advanced or rear guard, is requi-red to occupy more space to the right and eft, the bugle will sound from the centre extend, upon w nch thty will open out to one half more than their original extension. 6. If wheh the battalion or company is detached, the skirmishers have to close, they alway^s run in upon the supports in the frst place, and the assembly will after- wards be the signal for the who/e to close in upon the bat talion ; but it the assembly sounds first, witliout any close, It IS a signal f ,r the whole to make the best of then- way to the rear of the battalion; in \vinch case hey must move as rapidly as they can, as this implies he necessity o greater expedition; the supports fall back in steady doubl(> time. If skirmishers are pursued wlun the. assembly is sounded, they should be tau-ht to keep wide of the battalion. ° 7. The Advance— Retreat— Halt— PrBE-np., or, IMRING, are tlie only sounds which should be repcated^bv all the buglers on every occasion, ^ t i..'i . Tiiup of Mimeiueiir. ■^^ PART IV. "Te bugl? , 1- '^hf "-^^ "^.th« bugle may be considerably incroa.. umv bo in. ^'^.y. adopting the use of three simple G's, as distin neusetl. guishmg sounds. One G. to denote the right of the lino. Two G's, the centre. Tiirce G's, the left. This preceding any sound, denotes the part of the lin,- to which It applies. For instance two G's, before tlir EXTEND, signifies to extend from the centre. One (i tol owed by the close, signifies to close to the right— When no G is prefixed to the ex-^end, it will mean frojii tliat part of the line where the bugle sounds. 9. There should be a pause of three seconds between all orders by sounds. 10. Signals by bugle sounds do not apply to bodies ot troops in reserve. 11. When no particular time is specified, light infaii. try movements, in close order, will usually be in quirj; time, formations from file or on the march excepted — l^ormations from extended order, and extensions on tli. march,^ are in double time, subject always to the discrc tion oi the commanding ofiiccr, who will never apnlv It so as to harass or exhaust the men unnecessarilv.- Iherc arc, however, occasions of constant occurrenoo upon service where no other time will suit ;— such, fcr example, as to seize an advantageous point, & in form;;, tions on the march, when it is desirable that the leadiim company (or section) of a column should continue \u advance while the line is rapidly formed upon it, hy those in the rear bringing shoulders forward, and movin^ up in double time, each company following and confer- ming to the movement of the one in front of it, without waiting for any word of command. Detail of Formation, I. When soldiers are drilled by word of command, they move at the last word, which should be given short :— Paces—From the Right — Extend. Paces— From the Centre — Extend, &c. To the Right— Close, &c. Advance— Halt— Fire— Retire, &c. Light companies should often be practised in judging their own distance of files; die points on which the llanks are to rest beiiif previously notified. ° LIGHT INFANTRY. iderably incrcas. e G's, as clisfin. T9 e. le part of tlie line G's, before the centre. One {', i to the riglit.— it will mean froiu unds. seconds between Lpply to bodies ol ified, light infaii. illy be in quick I'ch excepted.— litcnsions on the 's to the discre- will never appiy innecessarilv.— ;ant occurrence suit ; — such, thr nt, & in form;;, that the leadiiiir lid continue tn ed upon it, by ird, and moving ng and confer- It of it, without they move at ring their own to rest being To extend from the 'halt. ■iu Dintanci' of Filtv^. To fir p in pj: ten (led or. iler on the spot. To erase Jirimr. To fire kneel. ing on the upot. As soon as the order is given, (either by word of command, or by bugle,) the officers drop to the 'rear, the captain places himself in the rear of the centre ; the first lieutenant is in rear of the right, the second in rear of the left ; the third subaltern remains with the captain, ready to receive his orders. The sergeants fall likewise to the rear. At the last sound of the bugle, the named file stands fast ; the remainder trail arms, face, and ex. tend 111 quick time, unless ordered to move at the double march. 2. The front-rank men of files move straight before them, covering correctly on the march ; their repective rear-rank men cast their eye over the inward shoulder, and tap their front-rank men, at the distance of two, four, six, or any ^ther given number of paces, as a sig- nal for them to halt, front and order arms. 3. The paces arc indicated by the previous caution of the commanding officer ; but if no number is specified, SIX paces is the regulated distance between the files. If the left-hand file, who leads on this occasion, be a steady man, and has moved correctly on his front, the line will require little dressing ; too much attention to which, in extended order, is to be carefully avoided. If the dis- tance betwx>en the files be not correct, it must not be altered by closing or opening out : this can onlv be done upon the march. 4. So soon as the " Fire'" has sounded, the front rank men fire and commence loading, and the rear-rank men (when it is their turn to fire) take a step of ten inches to the right with the right foot, and as soon as they have fired, they will again covei- their front-rank men and load. 5. In this manner the firing is continued until the bufrle sounds the « Cease:' After this sound, not a shot must be heard ; the unloaded men re-load as rapidly as pos- sible, and the whole then remain sleadv, and ready to move. 6. This caution is repeated by the officers ; and where there is any deficiency of them,' by the sergeants, along the line. The bugle sounds the " Fire," and the whole drop i?istnnt!y nn ih,,. knee. The right knee is on the ground and the right leg to the rear. The rear-rank man, in coming down, disengages to the right, so as te .*. ''% 80 m Part IV. be able to fire clear of his front-rank ring To fire lying. , . ,. man. The fi proceeds as before, witii this diOlrtnce, that tlie r.a. rank men retain their place, and continue; disenua.^d to avoid the awkward movement of covering and uncover ing upon their knees. .K ^: J^^^„*^''^"t'oo^to Ue dovm is given as above, and at the -Fue,. the whole drop on both knees, (the rear rank men disengaging.) and. throw themselves on their btl lies ; the firing proceeds as before; the mvn lo.'ui on their knees, or they may load 'ying, though the latter is an objectionable position, and very liable to accident — Kiflemen may fire on their backs in fuvorable situations • iM this position the leet are crossed, the. right foot pass^ ing through the sling of the rifle, and the pic ce supr.urtci by It ; but this position is not suited to the musket of light infantry companies of the line ; it furnishes a steady aim with a rifle. If, in. a veiy exj^sed situation, the sodier attempts to load lying, he will, after r.rimiiiii joll over on his back, and placing the butt between his legs, the lock upwards, and the muzzle a little tlevat d draw his ramrod and go on with his lo.-.ding without Ix. posure, rolling over on his. breast again wht n ready to fire. 8. At the last sound of the bugle to "Advance " the whole.step off in quick time, keeping their distances from the centre. 9. At the last sound of the bugle the whole go to the left about and retire t;.gaher, rear rank lem'ing. 10. At this signal ti.e front rank man of earh fijo fires, and instantly drops to the rear, by the 1. ft o- his comrade, and loa.l.s upon the mii ch ; and as soon a^' he is loaded, he wiil give the word '' Ready r in fin under tone o( voice, and tb.e other man fires and . roce. ds in • the same manner, taking care that h..th nien are r.ev(r unloaded at the same; time. The men must cove r tlu ir J.e leaders, who, without withdrawing thu'r attention trem the object in tluir front, can with a glance of tlio eye avoid losing distance, or getting before or U bind ine hie te.xt to them towards their centre. NoTE.-WheMi any difiiculty is experienced in loading on t*e march, (with riflemen for exnmple,) the men, after firing, mry drop to the rear, and l-.alt to load, running up to ti.eir file lend, rs (who "ontinue moving on) when loaded, and giving the word ^^Ready'' as The line will advance. The line will retire. To fire ad. vaneing. before — ground, i motions i with thei To fire re tiring. Halt. To close. To extend while, a dini. Ki'in is ad. lancing ; from the ren. irr, from the right or from the left. m. The firing that the rear. I! cljsengajritl to ig and uncover. s above, and at , (the rear rank -'s on their bt'l. ? nfien loml on igh tlie latter iy to accident. — able situations ; riglit foot pass, lie ce supported > the musket of nishes a steady d situation, the of'ter priming, itt between his little dcvutcd, ng without ex. whti) ready to A^dvance," the heir distances hole go to the jae'ing. 1 of each file the 1. ft o: his as soon a'< he in fin under d I ro fmnt nnrl nr1,r„^« rank men covering their front rank men, and keeping line with the directing file, if ii\ qui m 82 To incline, to the right. Incline, to the. left, advance. PART IV. To fire in- clining to a Jlank. To halt from the incline. Change front ; to the rig-lit, on the right fie. Double ■ March. Jiight or left shoul. (lers for. ward. Change front .-on the Mtfile, right thrown hack. Douhle March. General re. . mark. 15. The skirmishers make a half turn to the flanks to which they are ordered to incline, (rear rank men co. veriiig their front rank men,) and continue in the diaeo nal direction, until the ^'Advance'' is sounded, when they will return to their original front, and move forward as betore. If, when the skirmishers have made thf halt turn, the bugle should sound the «/nc/me,'' a secon/l tune, the men's shoulders should be brought up, so aa t'. complete the face, and march in file. 16. To fire when inclining to the right or left, tho ti-ont rank men halt, take steady aim and fire, then v ,„ to the rear, passing behind their rear rank men, u„'l loading on the march ; the rear rank men halt and fir,' as soon as their front rank men are loaded, and drop f. the rear of their front rank, and so on alternately. 17. At this signal, the whole front, and kneel down sounded"^ ^" ""^'^ ^^"^ ^'^"^' ^°'' ''^^""'^ firing'' \n. 18. The right file faces to the right, kneeling : th.' others rise & trail ; at -the word BouUe march, they brin 3rnately. id kneel down, ase firing" has kneeling ; thi' rch, they brin. pushing on, or falling back from post to post, and never standing exposed even for an instant, when there is cover wK^^k; /! ^^?'^' '* ^' ^^^'■^f^^e al^^ays proper, when obliged to advance, across an open space, upon an enemy posted under cover, to make a quick andsimulta- aZn/p '""''^'^'^^ P°'"; ; ^ regular and systematic advance across such ground, however resoluily con. of life's "" ^'^""^ ^""^ ^"-''^ "'^'^'' ^^^"^^<^ 4. At the signal to fire, the front rank man of each file fires and instantly drops to the rear by the left of his comrade, and loads as quickly as he can upon the ^oi ? ' ^""a? f'^'T'''^ ^^^dy when loaded, as Jhe sig. nal for his file leader (who has continued leading on, in a threatening attitude,) to fire. As often, however as cover of any kind presents itself within reach, each file, m mutual concert, will make for it, one man running on whUe his comrade covers his advance, by aiming at the enemy, and distracting his attention ; he then fn turn Z!, f'T''^; "^^^l *^^ ^^^^^ '« secured, and both con. tmue to fire from the spot as many shots as circumstan. ces and the general movements of the line may sanction, always remembering, that the great object in advanr:,.., is to uiive bacit the enemy's skirmishers, rapidly uik? ;a confusion, on their reserves, giving them no time ibr .'«' A ■ 84 iW m tf: To retire firing. Arciiraioly drepsrd lines no olijecf in skiriiiiHhiii". Hkirniisliors Ui he eaiefiilly trained to a knowledge of proiind and distances. PART IV. rullying, or making a stand. It ia by individual int.!;i. gcnce and judgement in the knowledge of 'round n;„! choice of cover— by the combination of indisiduul excr. tjon, directed to a general enrl, rather than h\ the snn. bianco of uniformity, that the proficiency and exeelleiKv of right troops must be judged and estimated. 5. On a plain the skirmishers may retire bvnlt(Tii;itf ranks, as prescribed in last section; but wluincvvr the country is in the least degree wooded, broken, oi- i„. closed. It will always be i'ownd advisable to retiiv in , g(!neral li/ie, trusting to the skill of the officer, mid tli^ iirmncss and intelligence of the men, for disputiu<' it successfully. By this method the well-trained skiniush- {!!•, whose eye is formed by practice, will uiten liii,| cover and destroy liis enemy, where lils iuexpericijc.d coiiirade would stand exjwsed. Before moving, tin skirmisher is taught to scan the ground he is to travels.. in falling back, and having selected bis next station, ii, will make fo: i with the utmost expedition. When a line of skiriri-.-wi,.: is hard pressed in retreating, tlierr is no better w-;, i? .■ ving them relief; and at the wmie tinK of offering aa ■..j;stinate resistance to the enen)y, th;iii by extending ti.u supports as often as an eligible'liue ot defence jjrcsents itself, the old skirmishers passing quick- iy through the new line forming into supports ; again in turn extending, and so on alternatelv. Even on a j)lain this will be found to be the b(!st mode of disputing tli.. ground ; the supports, after (;xtending, should lie duwii until the old skirm.Tshcrs have passed through th(>m. 6. Accuratcily dressed lines are not an object in skir. mishing; the men must be guided entirely by the nature of the ground they are acting on ; all that can b(^ desired on this licad is, that the file should be so placed us tOMip. port, and fire clear of each other. 7. Cover, as already observed, being tlie great obji rt to be attended to, skirmishers, whether advancing or re- tiring, must be taught carefully to examine the"groiiiiil they arc to pass over, previous to quitting shelter ; and to select some eligible spot for their next halting place. Any open space to be traversed in advancing should always be run over ; while, in retiring, they should eii. deavour, if the ground is open, to get beyond the accurate range of musketry from the spot they quit, before cominj,' General rul( fur loading. All iinncnea ryhiiirlino' tc bo avoided. Renerfil nil( for tile move iiieiit of supports. Skirniishers to overlap tli( flmks of lines. Relieving skirini??lier3, when fire. When advancinsr. When retiring. lie great obji ct LIGHT INFANTRY. 85 to a stand, thereby rendering the shelter they are leaving u.sele.ss to the enemy ; and obliging th m, in <'omiiig oiT, to pass over such open space, exposed to the dcstruel General rnlo for Iuudin ar ive All imnfii^cssa. TV hiitrlinnf to bo avoitlo J. r.eneni rule for till iiiDVf. int'iit of Hippurla. Skirniisiiers tooverlaj) the fliiiks of lines. llilieving sliirini?!licrs, when fire. When advancing. When retiring. -II men ol a iilr> are never un- loaded at the sarnr time; that they always lujul when practienblc, luidcn' cover, previous to movinf( in advance, and after falling back in retreat, from one s!)ot to another. 9. It will often be prudent to c.Mnmunicate orders to a line of skirmishers, by passing them along the rear, instead of betraying an intended movement by the bugle. Fur the "rc/m/i" to one party is the ''adiumcc'' to their opp )nents, who are generally well acquainted with the sounds and j)re[)Jired to act upon them. Too much buglmg und^T any eircinnstanees is to be iivoid(,-d, as t<-nding to distract the attention of the soldier, and to cause confusion. 10. The supports advance and ri'tire generr.'.ly in line, except when threatened with cavalry, when they will move in close column of sections; and skirmi>,liers, in ruimiiig in on a support, form up in sections in its rear. Sujjports move to a flank in cohunn of sections. 11. In covering the advance of lines, skirmislua-s will take care to protect and overlap the flanks. 12. In relieving a line of skirmishers, tlu> now line extends in the rear, out of reach of the enemy's fire, and afterwards n\m up t) the old line ; each file of thi; for- mer f/rofeeding rapidly to the rear, under the protecting fire^of the new line, and when out of reach of the cue? niy's fire, they close in upon their supp.irts. Rut should an immediate advance be intended, the relieved skir- niishers ought to remain in the litie lying down, instead of exposing theinselves to a fire whilst retiring. 13. If the relief takes place while advancing, the new skirmishers will run up in the same way, and pass brisk, ly in front o'' ^hc others; the old skirmishers lie down till they arc out of the cnemv's fire, after which they close upon their supports as before. 14. If relieving while retiring, the new skirmishers extend a considerable distance in tlie rear, and each man looks out for a good situation. The old skirmish- ers continue to retire in their usual order, until within I ■ ^ ji P IMAGE EVALUATION TEST TARGET (MT-3) 'V' m // {./ ^ .V /. r/j K. 11.25 IL2. M 116 "/; Photc^raphic Sciences Corporation 23 WEST MAIN STREET WEBSTER, N.Y. 14580 (716) 872-4503 ^X^ l\ iV \ :\ 80 PART IV. Supports and ekirinishera to relieve each other. The whole relieved, or strengthened, or diminished, General rule to be observ- ed when skirmishing at a distance from the co- lumn or Hue. Flanking parlies. How the unity of com- panics when skirmishing is best pre- served. Skirmishers to clear the front of the 20 or 30 paces of the former, they then run throuph them to the rear, until they are out of the reach of tlu' enemy's fire, after which tliey close. 15. Those who have been acting as supjwrts may ro- lievo their own skirmishers in this way— in which cassc the latter afterwards form in as many parties of support as the others consisted of, closing to the right and left accordingly, when out of reach of the enemy's fire, and always, when practicable, completing their ammunition. 16. But if the reserves and skirmishers are all re. lieved by fresh parties, each of the supports preserves the relative position with respect to their own skir- mishcrs, until the two lines have relieved each other.— Any part of a line of skirmishers nnv be relieved in the same manner ; it may also be stren.'rthfued bv throw, ing fjrward one or more companies or sections to par. tieular parts of the line ; in that case they must mix with the others, and divide the distances, or it may be weak- ened by calling in one or more sections ; in which ease the rcm.iining skirmishers will extend to tho right nnd left, so as to cover the vacancies of those who retired. 17. If a company be directed to skirmish at a distance, detached from the timely support of the column or line. one general principle must b(; observt'd, luvmeiv, that never more than one half must Ix^ sent forward to skir- mish at a time ; the other half remain formed and ready to support. 18. The company to perform this duty will extend its sub-divisions, so as to cover the eiitirt; "(lank, or flanks, of the column, with intermediate supports il' neees.sary. The whole will move in file panillel to tiie eolumn. and the leading file will take the outride fia:ik skii misliers of the advanced guard fbr his general line of maieh. When the column halts, the flankers and supports face out- wards to the enemy. 19. When more than one company is employed in skirmishing, one company should skin'nish atid anotlx^r support. Unnecessary division of parts is always ob. jectionable. 90. When a company is skirmisliiiig in front of a battalion, and the assembly sounds, it is of the utmost '' then run through of the reach of tho IS sup|)orts nifiy rc. ay — in which caso y parties of support the right and Iclt :; enemy's fire, and their ammunition. misiiei-s are «// re. supports preserves o their 07im skir- ived each other. — U'ly ho relieved in i!,nhened by throw- or sections to par- hey niiist mix with r it may be wcak- iis ; in which case id to the right and lose who retired. ■niisii at a distance, lie column or line, ved, isairiely, that u forward to skir- nii.in formed and lufy will extend its e Hank, or flanks, oits ifneeessarv. ) lh(! cohnnn, and ^.ik skiinuslu^rs of ofniareh. When iipports face out- ly is employed in inish and anoth(^r .rts is always ob. ng in front of a is of the utmost LIGHT INFANTRY. 87 battalion when the assemble sounds. How to run in on the buttaliuu. Formation of square. Rallying iquare. Rallying square need not be formed when cover is at hand. General remark. consequence that the front of the battalion should be left clear as soi>h as possible. , 21. The skirmishers, therefore, if detached to any distance, must endeavour instantly to discover thee.xact situation of the battalion, and decide in what direction to run in, .adopting that mode which will least impede, and soonest leave it in a situation for firing or advanein". 22. When a battalion forms square, they will take ti»e most direct and short way to the rear, and close up and com[)ose the rear face. 23. If the skirmishers are not called in while the bat- talion performs any movement, they must, with the ut- most rapidity, change their situation, so as to correspond with the new order of the battalion ; and their attention and activity are chiefly required in protecting it durintr the change. ' " 24. The ALARM followed by the assembly will be sounded on the first appearance of the enemy's cavalry, when if there is no cover within reach, and not sufficient time to form on the support, the skirmishers will form the RALLYING SQUARE, the officer on whom it forms taking care so to station himself for its formation, as not to cloud the front of the support. 25. But when there is cover near, such as a hedge, ditch, copse, &c., the skirmishers should at once make for it. and aid the supports by a cross fire. 26. Even in the <;)ost sudden rush of cavalry that can happen, when there is neither cover nor time to form the rallying square, the individual firmness and intelligence of the men, should enable them to protect each other. They should be taught to make formations for defence, however small, against contingencies of this nature • two files uniting in the first instance back to back, then three and four files, and so on ; this practice will teach them to make the best use of their numbers, whatever they may be ; and a skirmisher should be taught to know and feel that, individually, a man on foot, with a loaded musket and bayonet in his hand, ought to be a match for any horseman. To face the danger with firm- ness and steadiness, is, in the smallest bodies, and in the worst emergencies, the safest course. fr 88 Otincral in. tPUtioil of ndvaiiccd guards. (renpral rules applicabk' to uJJ. Procautions to be observed in approach, ing a village. Similar pre- cautions to be observed pie- vious to entering a defile or hoi- low way. PART IV. Advanced Guard, 1. Advanced guards ;ire formed for the purpose of feeling the way through a country in front ofacohmiii. or the cohnnns of an army— to gain intelhgence of tlij enemy, and to give timely notice of his vicinity or an. proach, in order that the' main hody may have time to prepare either for making or repelling an attack. 2. The general rules and principles, however, which shoulJ govern the one, are, with a few obvious exec -i. tions, applicable to all. To guard against surprise or unexpected collision with the ( ncmy—to watch his mo. tions, or to gain intelligence of his situation — and to cuv.r and conceal the movements and formation of the iii;iiii body— are manifestly the great leading principley upon which advanced guards should be conducted, whetlii r the object be to full suddenly on the enemy's pif|uets. to dislodge him from a pt^st, or merely to give warning ot his vicinity. Vigilance, and a careful study of locaiiries, are in every case the mainsprings of success. 3. An advanced guard, on apffroaching a village must proceed with great precaution if feeling for an enemy. The reserve and advanced parties on the road must be halt-d beyond the reach of musketry from the village, whil ong flanking parties are seiit round the om. skir .. . as to threaten the rear. The corporal's party on the road may then move on, in single files, with ii considerable interval between them, followed by as many files in succession, from the support, as may be dcenvd expedient ; and tlie supports and reserve will move for- ward when it has been ascertained that the place is not in the occupation of the enemy. The leadinji files should be instructed that the first object to be sought for in a village, is the church, from tjie belfry of w hi(;li a view of the surrounding country miiy be gained. 4. The head of an advanced guard must never commit itself by entering a defile, or hollow way, without pre. viously occupying the heights on cither side by flanking parties. Wlien the heights are thus crowned, the lead! ing party on the road will send on a single file, which will be followed by others in succession, near enough to keep the preceding one in view — the flanking parties on either hand continuing ' " pr( 10 centre until the defile is passed, when they will gradually fall back to LIGFIT INFANTRY. hi J however, which nducted, whetli General rule in approach. ing villages, woods, ifef. Bogs and iin- pnssable ground of every kind to be careful- ly examined. Tho com- inanderof an mlvanccd guard to ob- serve every tiling hinisell', and to l)e dis. tiiict and ac- curate in his i-eports. Conduct of detached par- ties and patroles in falling in with an eneiuy. The advanced guard should invariably rc-forin after dislodging the enemy from any post. Utility of patroles. their former stations, and the whole move forward in the original formation. 6. The woods, villages, and generally every object ca- pable of affording concealment to an enemy, will invariably be turned, and the rear threatened previous to being felt, in front. 6. Should the advanced guard meet with bogs or other inipfiHstible grotnid of any extent, they must not leave it beturen themselves and the column, without careful ex- amiiiation ; otherwise they might leave an enemy con. ce;iled within the chain, and not only risk being cut off thcin.selv(\s, but compromise the safety of tht; column. 7. The commander of an advanced guard should en- deavour to observe every thing himself, taking especial care that any repm-ts he may have to make are clear, dicid( li, and correct. 8. No specific rides can be laid down for the conduct of an advanced gutird in every case of ftdling in with an cnen)y. It cannot, however, be too strongly impressed on all employed on services of this ntiture, "that nothing is more dangerous or reprehensible than offensive or defensivt! measures undertaken in an isolated manner ; advanced parties and patroles should ntjvcr, therefore, be sutfered to engage of their own accord, if it can pes- sibly bo avoided ; but, as before remarked, they should on the first appearance of a;i enemy, either fall back under cover, <,»r hide themselves on the spot (making a signtd to the rear) according as he may be coming on or stationjiry — in either case securing all the advantages of a surprise. 9. No advanced guard or detached party of any kind, af^ter carrying a post, should ever be permitted to advance without re-forming. The men should or no account pursue the flying enemy, but re-form rap i>, and wait , for further orders. PATROLES. 1. The object of a patrole is to obtain intelligence, and to ascertain the presence of an enemy. They are detached to examine houses, copses, inclosures, &c., near the line of march, capable of atTording concealment to the enemy, and too distant to be inspected by the ad. All heights from which a vanced or flanking parties. 90 A patrolo n«!ver com- inita itself in action. The rulen laid down for udvniiced jtruards npjjiy ff|ually to pnlrolcs. To ascend a hill. General in- tention of rear guards. PART IV. ' . view of the surrounding country can be obtained, shonW also bo ascended by patroles, precaution bein^r 'used see every th.ng, if possible, without i>cing seen? ^. It IS a rule therefore, that a patrole nev.;r commits Itself m act.on, if it can be avoick.l, but retires (Z cm^Mf possible) as soon as the requisite inW^S' il 3. The rules laid down for the conduct of an advanood guaid, m approacinng places capable ot conc.-ahn.r „„ enemy, apply with equal f,rei>, although upon a sMiallrr scale to a patrole. The lu.u.se, ^ or object 'f I -arched, sl.ould, in the first places be turned' i:vo;; Uvo ftlesot. either SKle, and beyond the certain nu>ue of rTU,.ketry; and tins movem.nt ef itself will in must cases induce the etiemy to leave it; whereas, iff!.,, an. proach were made in front, it cwuld „nlv be i.t th.e .-el. t.un risk of losmg men without an ol>iect. When flio flanking hies have passed the hottso, so as to conm.ai.J the ear a file ot the patrole advances to examine it another f.le re.naining behind will watch its n,Z'; and be ready togtvc assistance, supported by the reseuc f cqii.red. As soon as the file in advance- is satisfi S tiw there ,s no enemy in the place, one of the men will make a signal by holding up hii firelock abJ!' h" h a a horizontal position, and the rear file will join and move torward as before; the flanking files fal i "g ba at the same tmie to their former placets. ^ a tile oi wo, m both directions round the base, before lummk ,"^f '"^^^^^t/-^^ "»t to show itself upon the summit, but to make ,ts observations from behind the brow, creepiiig on, or lying down, according to ch--um m sight, a signal as above" directed will be made. Rear Guard, 1. A rear guard is an advanced guard reversed • it jf^Sgail; oTKa^t :?r !Z ^ Dcpree of rosi.stnnce rnquirod from H rear guard. NpcoHsnry prr'cniiti.iiis for an ollii't'r ordorrd up. OH piijiiet. How pctstcd. Measures for iiniaedi- ate security. Line of Sen. tries. LIGHT INFANTRY. gi 2. The obj(-ct being tliat of securing the retreat from interru[)tion or aniKjytmce, resistance will generall/crase when that end is gained ; but when the [)ursuit is close and Vigorous, every hedgo-row, c.^pse, or defile becomes a post, winch a rear guard must defend with obstinacy to the last. . ^ Piquets, and their Sentries. 1. An O.licjcr or lered upan piquet must talce a close and (v.n-ud surny of th:," country he passes over, in m.irclnng from the camp or the cantjnmont to his post, in ord(M- that he nny defend it pmpcrlv if attacked and driven back. Tiic strongest points, in his line of re- treat, ought to be .«.'lect,'d, and noted down if luxa ssarv and the olhcers mind should b:- previously nrnl,; up, as lar as po^ssiblc, upon the best mode of' disnutiit'-- the ground lie must n tire over. ' '^ 'J. Tile ollijor intrusted with the posting of a piquet must select its situation near the principal ro;id to bo gunnl.-d, and behind, if practicable, all cross roads lead- ing into It. and taking especial care to have no road ui guarded on its Hanks, by which it might be sur|.rised in Its rear.^ The piquet should as much r.s possible, be c;)nc(;aled from observation, and wiiere t'.ie ground na- turally a-Tu-ds neither cover nor [)i-otection,"the defect must be remedied by artificial means, and the employ, ment of such materials as may be procurable on the spot. 3. As soon as the piquet arrives on the ground it is to occu|)y, sentries will be thrown out in elevated situa- lions upon its flanks and front, f )r inwmliate security, and the ofTicer .comm uiding, hanii'^ rccnimoUercd the neighbourhood of his post, with a strong patro/e, in persm, will proceed to form a chain, coveiitig his front and flanks, and communicating with the piquets on his rifrht and left, " 4. In selecting the line for the chain of sentries, caro must be taken not to extend it too much,— to post the men m the most advantageous situations for observing the roads and country in front, and to keen them as much concealed from the view of the enemy as the na- tare of their duty will admit. It is very desirable that every elevated spot, which overlooks the communications m the rear, should be taken within the chain of sentries ; but if this cannot be effected without extending the ^ -imI •il m PART IV. Advanced piquets re. quire three reliefs. When any thing panic, ularisobser. ved in front, or firing is heard. When pi. quels are at- tacked. sentries too much, a party must be sent to occupy tl..» height during the duy, and care must be taken to support and ensure thi; retreat of this i)arty ifattackcd. Sentries must be so placed, moreover as to secure one another from being cut off, and at such distances as to prevent any enemy from passing unperceivod between tliem during tlie night. Sentries never should he posted near any copse or cover frotn which u sudden rush might Ito made upon thorn ; but all wouds, ravines, vS^c. m the neighbourhood of the post, must be watched, and occfi. sionally visited by patroles, to prevent thi; enemy from assembling, unobserved, a body of troops in thu vicinity. No sentry should Ik; placed at such a distance from tlie piquet, that the report of his musket m;iv not be dis. tinctly heard from it ; and he .should always luive the s(!ntry on his right and left in view, as well as tin; intermediate ground between tlu;m, to prevent the enemy from passing through the chnin unnoticed. 5. In order to guard Jigrunst surj)rise of (iViuy kind. the sentries of an advanced piquet will be inuiriablv posted double, and at night, or in thick or f )ggy weafliuf, one of them will be always walking to the rTght, till lid approaches the adjoining file, while the othcrls lookim' vigilantly out to his front. In tliis mode they alternately relieve each other. During the day an officer, or nun- commissioned officer, siiould always be kept on tin- look-out, in the best situation for cotnnianding a view of the country occupied by the enemy. 6. All advanced piquets naist have three reliefs. 7. When any thing particular is observed in front d\jring the day, such as any change in the enemy's sen. tries or piquets, the disappearance of any sentry of our own, any unusual bustle or accession of force in front, troops in motion, or the appciarancc of a cloiid of dust indicating that troops are on the march, or when firing is heard by any sentry, one of the sentries will instantly run in, and report to the officer what he has noticed, taking care to mention the circumstance at any post he may happen to pass on his way. 8. When piquets are attacked, the same rule will be observed as in all other skirmishing, and the detached officers' parties will not run in on the main body, but support the skirmishers ; and when compelled to retire, they will, if possible, retreat on the flank of the main LIGFIT INFANTRY. 98 When poHf. t(\ in a vil. lage. First duty of an officer on piquet. A piquet must not shut itself up without or- ders. Under what circumstan- cps a piquet ehoulil retire Signals by day. Flags of truce. b(»tly, and tliereby afford mutual support to each other. When a sentry is satisfied that the enemy is movipg on to the attaek, he shoulil not hesitate to fire at once, al- thoiigii tl»e enemy may be far boyond the range oi' his musket. 9. If a piquet should be postt'd in a village, the main body must be placed so as to be behind the junction of all th(> roads tliat lead to the enemy's [)Osition, the entrances from which must he blocked up, or dug across, with the exception of a small retiii ij: path f)r tli(;sentries placed in observation in front. Small p;irii(;s will be placed behind each barricade for its dt^fence. 10. Tile first earcj of an officer ought to be the strength;;ning of his post, by constructing abbatis, breast- works, &c. ; and particularly wh ;re the defence of a bridge or ford is intrusted to him, he ought never to omit to throw up something of tin; kind to protect his men, and impede the advance of the enemy. An olTicer ought not, however, without permission, to block up a main road with other materials than such as arc easily re- moved. 11. A piquet ought not to shut itself up in a house or an enclosure, with the intention of defending itself to the last extremity, unless particularly ordered to do so, or that circumstances ma; render it necessary at the mo- ment, for the prcscrvat » of the party, in expectation of support. 12. A piquet may with safety defi.'nd its front as long as its flanks are not attncked, but as soon as the enemy attemps to surround the post, the piquet must begin to retire. 13. Signals may be establishcc^'by sentries during the day : — for instance — oni; man holding up his cap on the muzzle of his fire-lock signifies that the enemy's patrole is advancing ; and both men holding up their caps in the same manner, signifies that the enemy is advancing in force. 14. On the approach of a flag of truce, one sentry will advance and halt it at such distance as will prevent any of the party who compose it from overlooking the piquet posts. The other sentry will acquaint the oflic r commanding the piquet of the circumstance, who will, according to his instructions, either detain t fr :§: i *>4 flag B4 Ni^fht duties Procntition to bf used for directiiifT tlie sentry's Btffintioii to the proper quarter. The coun. firwign only given to the 'sentries. Challenging of a double ■entry. PART IV. Oftruc-o at the otit.past, until he has reported to the fid,! ofF.c.u-,ot he day, or he will ibrward 'the party hit 'l'J<'H t.> the c^n.p. under an eseort. If the fla/ol't -e sm roly th. bearer of u h.-tter or parcel, tlt ' " qiMitcj... Alter h.ivu)i.,i i,r .sulRred to hold any conversation with this par. nuV^' t^ ''¥'} ^'''' «'t"-"fi'>"s..}'the sentries ou.dittelK. Chan., d. and drawn ha<,k fron. their elevated .sit"uat on so as to have the hifr|„,st ground h.f.re then, ; as an at >n tl' '"'7^■»■7'.V^'«^=^^)ed at night from a low situ, at 1. n, than when looking from a hill. Night sentri.s wdl patrole a Iternat.-ly to the front (a.s wefl as to th.- flanks) to a cLstanee of twenty or thirty yards, ly l1;Zni.t" 1^' 't" '7 r '" ^'"""^' for'thJ^purU":? he nT / '^;,V"'^^.''^ '"'"" "»• ''^--^e^ on the march. the noLsu of artillery m motion, the neighing of horses. rt'Lt ^ ? »"' •>"■""' 1'^*^"^^^ '" the stilhess of th niSht ; am' no imfre,,uently th(. knowledge of an inten. ded attack at day.light may be gained inlhis way! 16. r,. prevent sentries from locking in a 'wron^r d.rect.on during the night, two f.rked sticks wTll bT. pi^'cxl m the ground, and a horizontal stick be laid across ^t',e enemv' ^"''f "V'l '-^^""8 '^l'>ng it, the situation ot ao ( nemy s posts. This precaution is also particu. larly useful to the sentries of reserve and iL lyTn. piquets. directmg their attention to the proper quarter.^ .,/."^" f^''^ .""f ^'''^^ o"gl't to be relieved every hour durmg tlie night. ^ 18 When a sentry is posted, the countersi«ni only is given hn«; a„d no persin under the rank ?? a non commissioned olHeer is usually iutrusted .vith the patrole whtd, ^serves as a test for passing armed bodies' S 19. The tnoment a sentry sees or hears any person, he calls out " Halt,"_« Who comes there ?" andTt tTe «ame time bnngs bis fire-Iock to the charge, fronting the party ; h,s comrade mstantly retires a few paces bcdiind him, uncovering to tlie right, cocks his pieie, and also comes to tlie charge. This mil ensure' Support to the wntry in adyance, and prevent tK)th men from being •cported to the fit-l.) i thf; party lj|iii<|. If'tlio /liigoftrinv p.'ii-col, the piiinct 'orwfud it to head pt.thi'flajr (iff nice I JKjnc of the pif|ii('t tion with this par. L-ntrios oiijrht to i)e ilevatocl situations, )re them ; as an It from a low situ. Night scntri(>H IS well us to tli(; lirty yards, lyin^j for tJM^ purpose of es on the march, iighing of horsos, lu) stiJhicsa of the odgo of an inten. in this way. ing in a wronfi d sticks will hv. ick be laid across ig it, the situation is also particu. ^'e and in lying proper quarter, vcd every hour jntersign only is rank of a non. .vith the patrolc, id bodies inside lars any persop, !ro ?" and at the rge, fronting the ew paces behind piece, and also .^nnport to the len from being Deaerters. I Aflvancod J piquets U) be I under |ariii3 fif: iiMir bftu.o I (lay-light. When nd- I vanced pi- hucts phoiild lie relieved. Arrival of ihe relief. Duty of the officer of the old piquet. LIGHT INFANTRY. g« committed at the same time, as well as the piquet from being surprised. If the answer is not satisL'torv,- the leadjng sentry instantly fires and retires beJund liiieom^ rado. 20. If more than one individual approach the post, the sentry will, on all occasions, command th(«m to halt and one man (july to advance, if there is the slirrhtest liesitation or more than one attempt to nu,vc!, the sx-ntrv will instantly fire. -^ 21. Suntries must be very distrustful of people who answer the challenge by saying '^ Deserters ;" they must be immediately ordered to lav down their arms 'in the rear, and not sutfered to approach the sentry, until n party arrives from th.> support to receive them, and then siiigly. It the suspected person hesitate, the sentry will instantly h\\>. '' 22. When a piquet is permitted to have a fire, it should always be as much as possible concealed from observa- tion ; and the alarm post of the picpiet, in the c-vent of ail fittack at night, should invariably be fixed at a short distance m the rear of tlu< fire, so as to prevent the piquet rom being seen, when drawn up, and compelling the enemy to expose themselves while passing the fire iii coming on. ° 23. Pifpiets will get under arms in the morninfr an hour before dnv light; and if every thing ..pprars quiet in front, the ollicer will, as soon as he can discern ob .rts (islinctiv, proceed to occupy the same posts that h(/ held tiie day Ix lore; but he must previously send forward patroles to feel his way, and should any clian will consider it his duty to fac«' instantly about, and nmrch to tluur support. 27. Onc! of the most necessary and effirtiial nietho.j^ of preventiu",' surprise, and of f^nininfr iufornmtion, w. nuiiiis to b(! noticefl, viz. p(^lroll^n^, withcMit which, Jiowever active and alert the s(!ntries, the service! of tli,' outpost never can be properly fulfdled. The mode u|' contluclinf,' these patroles, theiV strength, and tlx; distaiKv to which they m;iy be s( iit, all necessarily depend on the ever varying local circumstances in which piqii.ts may be i)l:iced ; but it mny be laid down as a good jrr n. eral rule, that, when near the enemy, a patroh^ should I).. sent out onco between every reliei' during the night. 28. Vigilance, silence, and circumspection must bo strictly enjoined upon all patroles; no noise must on any account be madt?, and when ai»y thing is to be cum. municated, it should 1x3 done in a whisper. ^ It is not pretendcid to lay down exact rules for conducting patroles m every ciisc that m:»y occur on service, but one or two oFtlu! most unusual modes of carrying on this important duty may be briefly ad. verted to. ^ j j Vigilnncc, sijenrt', nnd circunispcc. tion india. penaubic in patrollintr. Patrolling in front of tlic lino of BentricH. 20. The patrole, on leaving the piquet, should, when practicable, conniiunieat(! in th(! first instance with tiie next post upon the right (or left,) and patrole; cautiously along the whole front of tln^ line of sentries, just near enotigh to see them, and communicating with the next post on the left (or right) return again to the piquet by tlio rear of the chain. The sentries must not be thrown off their guard by the frequent appearavice of these patroles, but be taught to expect an enemy in all who may approach them; some preconcerted signal, or interchange of countersign in a low tone, should be used, and which should be changed at every relief. Should the natroln, m returning along the rear of the sentries, fall In with the enemy, who must in this qase have passed through the chain, ». continued fire should be kept up to alann the piquet, and prevent surprise. To avoid ex changing shots wiili the enemy 'i patroIoH. A strong pa trolc to be >ent out jus before day. light. K'on r«'li»;vc(l will nicer of tlic! duy, iniirch to <'(iin|i in 'It if t/ir (ifivanrrd ;.y/rt rv/ ////>, |j(« will luf, atuJ iiiiircli to (frcrtiml iru'thoils irit'ormatioii, n-. without which, ho sorvic(! of flic . Th 1 ' * ' ', ii I 102 TO FIRE A FEU DE JOIE. The line drawn up at open order (double distance) with sliouldcrcd arms and bayonets fixed. With blank ... . In quick time, as per Regulation. Cartridge, prime & load. Ready. Readjr, preaeat. Shoulder Arms. Shut P*iM. Present arms. Shoulder Arnra. Order Arms. As per regulation. Elevated in the air. The right hand man of the front rank commences the fire, which will run down the front and up the rear, as quick as possible. When the right hand man of the rear rank has fired, the whole will glance their eyes to the right, to bring the fire-lock to'the priming position, and when loaded tl.i>y will remain steady, waiting for the word. ° As before directed. The same to be repeated a third time. After the third fire, the whole will glance their eyes to the right, to bring the fire-locks to the position of prime and load, and half code together. As per Regifdatiom. Throe dieers. 109 DIRECTIONS FOR FUNERAL PARTIES. The party uppointrd fJf the" escort, accordirg to the raiJt of the deceased, is to be dri-wn up two deep, with cpui riiiks and unfixed bayonets, Larg the liouse, or marqute, where tl.e corpscis lodfn-d • and when it is brought out, the officer commai;ding will give the^'ibl- lowing words of ccn.mai.d : ' PRESENT ARMS. REVERSE ARMS. EXPLANATION FOR REVERSrNG ARMS. The right hand striko.s the butt of the fire-lock, which is turnerl upwards ; the guard turned towards the body ; the fire-lock is then placed under the left arra, seizing the cock and hainmerwith the lefl lore-fingers and thumb. The righ iiand is thrown behind the body and grasps the fire-lock ; the rigiit heel at tlio same time is i»rouEli to its original position. The officers' swords are reversed under the right arm : the point of the sword downwards, grasping the hilt with the right hand. The sergeants' fusils are reversed also under tlie left arm. REAR RANKS TAKE CLOSE ORDER. The party will then wheel forwards or backward^ by divrsbns, or sub-diy.sions, as circumstances may require, and will stand a column the leftm front until the procession is ready, when the ranks will be opened by word of command. MARCH. The party moves off in slow time, followed by tlic music, with drums muffled, playing the Dead March. THE CORPSE. PALL-BEARERS OF EQUAL RANK WITH THE DECEASED. CHIEF MOURNERS. ■ OFFICERS TWO AND TWO. According io rank, the juniors iiext to thehodyof thedeceaseiL When the first division of the funeral party arrives nearihebarw*. fr«(BR»d, the wofd of command, « Halt," is given, «nd the officet lii 111; 104 FUNERAL PARTIES. commanding will order the ranks of the divisions to wheel to the ri^ht and left, having been previously told oft- for that purpose, and facrne inwards, turiniiig a It.iie for the corpse to pass through. REST UPON YOUR ARMS REVERSED. EXPLANATION. The Hre.lock is quitted by the right hiuid and brouglit to a pernen- chcular position ; the inuz/.le placed upon the toes of the left foot — lock '"'^'^^ '^"'' ^"^^ '''"^^''' "'"'" "'"'' '''''''^''' "'"*" ^'''' ''^'"■^'"^ ^^'^''^^ ^''>''-^- The soldier's head leaning on the back of the left hand so as to look towards the corpse. The ^corpse, &c., having passed through the lane the word " \t. tcntion" is given, on which tlie soldiers raise their heads. REVERSE ARMS. The ranks are then wheeled up, and at " Open order" ny)vc in ordinary time, and Ibrni in line in the same order, near to and faciii.- the Grave. ^ Tlie command will then be given, REST UPON YOUR ARMS REVERSED. After the performance of the Funeral SL-rvict;, the following words of command are given : " ATTENTION; PRESENT ARMS; by seizing the fire-lock with the left hand at the swell, the ritrht hand elnfled, and both holding the fire-lock in the position o^prcsciUcd arms: SHOULDER ARMS. PRIME AND LOAD WITH BLANK CARTRIDGE. FIRE THREE VOLLIES IN THE A\R. ORDER ARMS. FIX BAYONETS. SHOULDER ARMS. REAR RANKS TAKE CLOSE ORDER. Wheel backwards by divisions on the left, and march to camp or barracks, the right in front quick time. In marching back, the music are not to play, or the drums to beat, until the party is entirely clear of the burying-ground. N. B. In the funerals of General Officers, the arransemeni of the prescribed number of pieces of cannon, and of the different trooj^s, must be made under the superintendance of the General Officer cam. tMndingthe whole, and must necessarily depend on local circumstances. 105 FIRING. ul HO as to look Whem the recruit lias attained a perfect kiiowleclgo of the Platoon Exercise he is to be carefully habituated in taking aim : to this great object tt)() much care and attention cannot be devoted ; it is the means by which tlu; soldier is taught to fire with precision, or, in other words, to km hin fncnnj ; and it cannot be too strongly ineulcat( d, that every man, who bus no dvtvct in his eyi s, may be made a good shot at a fixed object. The fire-lock is placed in the soldier's hands for the destructi(jn ofhis enemy ; his ownsiifety depends on hiseflicicnt use of It, and no degree of perfection Ikj may have attained in the other parts of his drill can, upon service, remedy any want of proficiency in this : indeed all his other instruction in inarching and m ina!uv(;ring with perfect steadiness and precision, can do no mare than place him in the best, possible situation for using his weapons with effect. The true principles upon which correct shooting may be taught arc ex. trcmely simple ; they are to be found in the natural connection that exists between the hand and the eye ; the eye is the guide and regu- lator of every action of the hand, whicii can only act the part of a subordinate agent ; and constant practice must therefore be employed to perfect the connection and enable them so to act together that the hand will readily raise the fire-lock in a line with any object that the eye IS fixed upon. In training the recruit to the use of his musket, the following instructions are to be carefully attended to. Aiming at an Object. The recruit is next practised in aiming at an object. He is to be taught to fix his eye steadfastly on the bull's eye, or any other object, and with the left eye shut raise his fire-lock gradually & horizontally from the priming position, until it is accu>ately aligned. As often as a squad of recruits assembles, this practice will be rigidly perse- vered in for at least a quarter of an hour previous to being dismissed ; and the men will in this way be as well instructed in levelling as if they were actually practising with ball cartridge ; and instead of only taking aim fifty or sixty times a year (when firing ball) they will go through the very same motions, and with equal advantage, a thousand times a day. The Traversing Rest* A traversing rest will bo found mr>st useful in teaching the recruit individually the principles of taking aim, and it will also enable the instructor to ascertain at once whether the recruit has any defect in 2i i lii 106 FIRING. hKs eyesight. The rest is a scooped piece of wood placed on a stand, wh.ch receives the fire.loeI<, and is n.ade to elevate, depress or traverse at will; several small lulPs eyes being painted on t,: barracks, or wall, the recruit at 100 yards'is ordeiiFto 1 hr. Z t one of them Having done so, he leaves the fire-lock on the sta d andrc.noveslumseIf; in order that the instructor n,ay taTe Ins o e o Tl "^ '^"""'t' '" ''?'' ^"^' ""^' <--"n-ect, it- necessary Z ti ro. . The recruit thus taught to level accurately, the stand is Z afm n'om! '' ''" """ ''""''""' '" ''' afterwards used as a rest for taking Fixing Flints, The recruits must be individually tiught the true principles which direct the fixmg the flint. In fixing flints no uniformLoScKd b attempted ; the flat side must be placed either upwards or downvvards according to the size and shape of the flint, and' also according loU^' rfes'^h; Tft-' .^ '^^^^ ^^'' '" '^^'S''^ ^^ ^''^ hammer, which v^ ries in different muskets ; this is ascertained by lettin- the cock gently down, and observing where the flint strikes the hamme. Which ought to be at the distance of about one-third from theTop d' tVie hammer ;-most dihgent observations ought at the same time to turthehl::''^''' ''''^ '''''' v^^ ^^^^^ ^^^^'^'^^ ^^^^^ ^^ coma' with the hammer, so as to strike out the fire from the whole surface A flmt will often appear to the eye to be carefully and sk[m,lf; d^pl^ •/' ?"^ ^'"^ f ^ ^^""'•^' y^' *^" *^'«' being^made as aC tZooltlor""'"-^'''' ^''" r^ *•' ^•^^^' inasmuch as ?he surtace of the hammer m some muskets, does not stand square but stands a little aslant to the cock. Each particular flint, Iherefore zritscino"tr'''r '•'i "^^'"' '' '^''^ «-^' - - ^o::iz: rrtfculnrtfpk ? ^ l''*^^''' proportions and conformations of each particular ock. Jn whatever position the flint should be, it must be screwed in firmly and the cock should be let down, in order to observe whether the flint passes clear of the barrel. Whenever a piece has been fired, the first opportunity should be embraced of examining whether the flint remains good, and fixed as It ought to be, and no time should be lost in correcting ihateverma^ be found amiss which may be done without the recruit falling ou"of andrthele^ if h t""^ '°^/^^*^^' '' ^^ ^'^"^^ ^^^^e froftrank the\tit Jt K ^r"l*^u^^^^ ^* ^he same time seizing hollow of tho 1 V"'" ;r^- A t ''^}' '^""^' ^"^ •^"'"g it fall into the S nnd «t H '''"'' '^' '"^ ''""^ ^^'' ^h^" h^'d the fire-lock at the lock, and at the same time assist the right in any alteration which may be requisite with the flint. In thia position^he recruits m^^^ also be practised in taking off and putting on their locks, ^ The n I lock with I burn prin composur mand slo\ ohject he i without th with the c slightest I carefully tion of th( consequer structor n be contini by the igni The rec j out of the instructor J observing I steadiness from the I "load" is j singly, the; I be observe I mand, eaci j SENT," anrf I reference t Ifiles will fii I will be inci The rea jserve that isome objec iperhaps th iLight Infai iticular inst jin use. T I the recruit land recoil, Icommenct FIRING. Burning Priming, 107 The recruit having acquired the habit of readily ah^nincr his fire ock wuh any object selected by the eye, he wili^nex? b u ^ht to , burn priming without vvinl word 4re' SENT," and when he has covered his olject, pulling his trigger, withoul ^^s'wiirfi'" f'" "^r "'^^^ ^'.' "^^^ °'- '^^^' afferwardfa cou pfe of files will fire two deep, occasionally changing ranks ; then the files will be increased by degrees until ihe platoon fires together. The rear rank men must be most particularly attended to to ob serve that they lock well up and take a steady and ddiberate aTm al some object in the front. The centre part of a man a TsTS is erhaps the best general rule to lay down for aim. Riflemen and Light Infantry firing at long distances, will, of course, receive nar ZtZ '"^;;"^t'°"^r^g"!^ed by the differem. descript ons of sigS^ Ire; Jtel'? '^'V'f'' -T''^^ ""^^ be'continuedu'ntn ine recrmt becomes pericctly firm and motionless at the exnlosion lis'' ■■•'*r's.:' "'"■"'' ■* ""■-' -^ of a..„„i& h 108 FIRING. Ball Firing, Firing at a target being one of the njost essential parts of infantry instruction, it is important tiiat ail ranits shall be perll-ctly acquainted with the theory. The ball cartridge is scrupulously reserved for the purpose of proving the recruit's progress or proficiency in shooting ; with this view three or four ball cartridges are given to him, and he is placed before the target, which in the first instance should be round and eight feet in diameter, at the distance of thirty yards or even nearer, so that it will be almost impossible for him to miss it. This method is intended to produce confidence in the young soldier, and to shew him that his fire-lock will carry true if accurately aligned ; should the recruit prove by his practice that he has not acquired the habit of taking aim correctly, he must on no account be permitted to go on with the useless expenditure of ammunition, but be sent back to aim. ing drill, and be continued practising to level until he has got ovtr the deficiency ; his whole attention should be exclusively directed t<» this object ; and he will soon find it to be for his own interest and advantage to become ati expert marksman, for no soldier should ever be considered as dismissed from drill, or fit to take his place in tiic ranks, until he has shown himself to be a good shot. Should the recruit however, prove that he understands the princi. pics of taking nim, the range will be increased by degrees to 50, 80, or 100 yards at the same target ; and when the recruits can individually shoot well at these distances, the instructor will fire them by files, increasing the distance from 50 yards upwards, changing ranks oc casionally — then by sections — and lastly by platoons. The recruit will now practise at a target 6 feet by 2 as the last of his drill. This target will be divided by black lines into three com. partments, upper, centre, and lever divisions, (the centre division having a bull's-eye of eight inches diameter in its centre, suri )unded at two inches distance by a circle of an inch broad,) and be placed iit a range of eighty yards, which distance will be increased, as improve, ment takes place, to one hundred, one hundred and fifty, and two hun- dred yards ; the instructor taking care to point out the necessity of the gradual elevation of the musket, as the distance beyond its point-blank range is increased. In the beginning of the practice the recruit :s to be made to fire 2 or 3 times running, due care being taken to correct the faults which may have been remarked in the position of the body, or in that of the musket. The rank and file of each company to be divided into three classes : FIRING. l(ic third all tho rcHt. No man to b.i returned as NuHicidiitly in^tructtMl, until ho shall havf been adniitled into tlio first cluss. The nbovc division (jf the taru<'t is ii»ri\«sarY, in order to correc t any soldier's f t * L Hit nt Uppi / Division, llrt i at2f)0 vnnis O'ltcr circle. Bull's eye. (Signed) J. D.- -, Captain. N. B. This Form will enable any Commanding Officer to judge of the proficiency of his Companies, and any General of his hattulions, by comparison with others. It is most important that soldiers should be accustomed to judge of distances correctly; that they should know how far their fire-lotks will carry point blank, and also the exact degree of elevation that is required in order to hit objects at diiTerent distances beyond that point-blank range. They should, therefore, be trained to a know. 110 FIRING. lodgn of distances on every kind of ground, and Iw nt all timo.i pro. jiarcd to answer correctly the following simple questions :— 1. What is the point blank range of your firc-lock or riflo ? 2. Docs it carry to the ri'^'ht or left ? 3. IIow many yards distant arc you from snoh an oi)j(;ct T 4. What is the reijuisite degree of elevulion in ordtjr to enublo you to hit the body of a man at 120, IfiO, <;00, <\:c. yards. MA] Of cnrryini the Rifle. Presflnt Arms. Three Mo- tiona. Shoulder Arms. Two Mo. lions. Three Mo. tianb Ill THE OF RIFLEMEJ¥. Of carrying the Rifle. Pre««nt Arms. Three Mo. lions. Shoulder Arms. Two Mo. ciona. vTtltrr nrjxts Three Mo. THE MANUAL EXERCISE. Thk rifle is to be car r rod in tho right hand, at arm's length, as in advanced arms, the cock resting upon the little finger, the thumb ujx i tho guard, and fore-fingei under it, the upper part ot the barrel close in the holluv of the shoulder, and the but? pressing upon ihe thigh. Ist. The rifle is to be rai ed about two inches by the right hand, and brought for\> ird a little from the shoul- der, at the same time the h ft hand is brought briskly across the body, and seizes the rifle with a fuJl grasp, even with the shoulder. 2nd. The right hand brings the rifle even with the face, and opposite the left eye, grasps the small of the stock, turning the lock outward ; the left hand seizes It by the stock, so that the little finger touches the ham- mer.spring, on a level with the thin, the left elbow close to the butt. 3rd. The rifle is brought in straight line to the present, the cock turned inwards, md even with the hot. torn of the waistcoat, the right f( t at the same instant IS drawn back, so that the hollow of it may touch the left heel, the right hand holding tl small of the stock between the fore-finger and thu^ b, the knuckles up. wards, the three other fingers shut jn the hand. l3t. The rifle is brought quickly across the body to the right side, the right hand slipping rmmd into the origin, al position when shouldered, the lef quits its hold, and seizes the rifle again smartly, even \ ith the right shoul- der, at the same time the right foot i s brought up in a line with the left. 2nd. The left hand quits the rifle, and is brought as quickly as } ;ble to the position of attention. Ist. At th. .foru " Anns" the left hand seizes the rifle even with the right shoulder ; the iifle, as in the first motiou of the jtresent, is raised about two inches, 112 MANUAL AND PLATOON Shoulder Arms. iSiipport Arms. Carry Anns Trail Arms. .Shoulder Anns. Trail Arms. Order Arms I'ix BayoU' uts. Shoulder Arms. Charge Bay- onets. One Motion 2n(]. The right hand quits its hold, grasps tlie rifl*; round the muzzle, and brings it gently to the ground, even with the too of the right foot, the wrist pressing u. gainst the side, and elbow as close as possible. 3rd. The left hand is brought as before on the left th' lirii. catches it till the right seizes the rifle in tL, lace, and is then instantly brought to its original t At the word " Arms," the rifle is thrown at onco inf( the right shoulder by a jerk of the right hand ; the lei 10 proper il po- th the Hition on the left thigh ; but this must be doiu; wi quickness of one motion. In the performance of this, as indeed of every other motion, the greatest care is to be taken to prevent the rifle falling to the ground, us it is an arm easily dam- aged. The rifle is brought across the body with the guard upwards, by bending the right arm ; the left hand is laia across the right. Tlie rifle is brought smartly on the right side, and the left hand on the left thigh. The left hand seizes the rifle at the second pipe, the right close over the sight, and trails it on the right side at arm's length, the left falls back on the left thigh. The rifle is brought to the shoulder, as from tiie or- der. From tlie Order to Trail Arms, The right hand seizes the rifle as low as possible, without constraint, tlien raises and catches it just above the sight. From the Trail to Order Arms. The rifle slides gently through the right hand to the ground ; when even with the right toe, the right hand again grasps the muzzle. The rifle is tiu'own six inches to the front, the bayon- et brought back-handed from the scabbard, locked })y the thumb and fore-finger of the left hand, and the "rifle brougt back quickly to its place. As before. ^ The rifle is brought smartly into the hollow of the right hip, the left hand firmly prasped round the barrel with the thumb in the rear f ' le sight, the right hand Shoulder Arms. Two Mo- tions. Order An Untix Bay onet-'^. One Moti( Stand at Prepare to Load. One. Two. Three. 2;lit sldo, and tht Shoulder ArniH. Two Mo- tions. Order Arms Unfix Bay. onets. One Motion Stand at Ease. Prepare to Load. One. Two. Three EXERCISES OF RIFLEMEN. 113 clear of the guard, and grasping the small of tha butt, the right toe to the right, and the left toe to the front • the rear rank to remain at the shoulder. l.st. The rifle is thrown smartly into the shoulder and steadied as before by the left hand. 2nd. Quit the left hand. As before. The rifle is brought briskly between the knees, the lock in and guard out ; the bayonet unlocked by the thumb and fore-finger of the left hand, and knocked off by the right, at which time it is returned to the scab, bard, directed by the thumb of the left hand on the top of the scabbard, when the rifle and left hand are brought to their proper position. ° The muzzle is brought to the front at the extent of the right arm, the elbow resting on the hip, the hollow of the right loot brought in rear of the left heel, and the left knee bent. PLATOON EXERCISE. 1st. Is the same as the first motion in the present arms. ^nd. Ihe soldier half faces to the right, and in the motion brings down the rifle to a horizontal position, just above the right hip ; the left hand supports it at the swell of the stock, the elbow resting against the side, the npht thumb against the hammer, the knuckles upwards, and elbow pressing against the butt, the lock inclining a little to the body, to prevent the powder from falling out. Ihe ofticer now warns the men, in going through the loading motions. s ^ To wait for the Words of Command. At the word, The pan is pushed open by the right thumb, the right hand then seizes the cartridge with the three first nngcrs. The cartridge is brought to the mouth, and placed between the two first right double teeth, the end twisted ott and brought close to the pan. The priming is shaken into the pan ; in doing which, to sec that the powder is properly lodged, the head must be bent : the pan is shut by the third and little finecr. the right hand then slides behind the cock, and holds the small part of the stock between the third and little finger, and ball of the hand. 114 Four. Rod, Home, Return. Shoulder. Make ready Present. PLATOON EXERCISE OF RIFLEMFN. The soldier half faces to the left : the rifle is brought to the ground, with the barrel outwards, by sliding it with care through the left hand, which then seizes it near the muzzle, the thumb stretched along the stock ; the butt is placed between the heels, the barrel between the knees, which must be bent for that purpose ; the car. tridge is put into the barrel, and the ramrod seized with the fore-finger and thumb of the right hand . The ramrod is drawn quite out by the right hand, the left quits the rifle, and grasps the ramrod the breadth of a hand from the bottom, which is sunk one inch into the barrel. The cartridge will be ''o'-ced down with both hands giving two distinct strokes with the rod to ensure its being so ; the left tl eri seizes the rifle about six inches from the muzzle, the soldier stands upright again, draws out the ramrod with the right hand, and puts the end into the pipe. The ramrod will be returned by the right hand, which then seizes the rifle below the left. The right hand brings the rifle to the right shoulder, turning the guard outwards; the left seizes it above tlie hctmmer-spring till the right has its proper hold round the small of the stock, when the left is drawn quickly to the left thigh. Bring the rifle with one brisk motion in the same po. sition as at the word " Prime and Load'" placing the thumb of the right hand on the cock : cock the rifle, then grasp the small of the butt, and place the fore-finger on the swivel nail, three fingers grasping the guard, right foot drawn back. Raise the rifle to the present with the fore-finger with- in the guard ready to fire ; in this too much pains can. not be taken to prevent the recruit from raising his rifle with a jerk, it must be sufficiently raised so high that he may lay the right cheek on the butt, without too much stooping the head ; particular care must be taken that the recruit in this position shuts the left eye in taking aim, the use of the sights being previously explained, and takes his object. No word of command given to fire. FIMS. FN. rifle is brought )y sliding it with eizes it near the stock ; the butt el between the pose ; the car- rod seized with [id. right hand, the i the breadth of ne inch into the ith both hands I to ensure its )out six inches ht again, draws »uts the end into bt hand, which right shoulder, eizes it above jper hold round awn quickly to n the same po- I'" placing the cock the rifle, the fore-finger le guard, right ire-finger with- jch pains can. raising his riflo so high that he lout too much be taken that eye in taking sly explained,