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Those too large to be entirely included in one exposure are filmed beginning in the upper left hand corner, left to right and top to bottom, as many frames as required. The following diagrams illustrate the method: Un des symboles suivants app^raitra sur la dernidre image de cheque microfiche, selon le cas: le symbole -^ signifie "A SUIVRE", le symbole V signifie "FIN". Les cartes, planches, tableaux, etc., peuvent dtre filmds d des taux de reduction diffSrents. Lorsque le document est trop grand pour &tre reproduit en un seul clichd, il est i'i\m6 d partir de I'angle sup6rieur gauche, de gauche h droite, et de haut en bas, en prenant le nombre d'images ndcessaire. Les diagrammes suivants illustrent la mdthode. 1 2 3 1 2 3 4 5 6 CANADA NATIONAL LIBRARY BIBLIOTHEQUE NATIONALE SABRE THRUSTS AT FREE-THOUGHT; OK, A DEFENCE OF DIVINE INSPIRATION. BY HHV. VV. VV. WALKER, Author cf "An Iiinera.a in the fj.itish Isles," anr» " r>y Northern Lakes." WITir LXTRODUCTION BV REV. THOMAS COBB. ^ TORONTO: WILLIAM BRIGGS, Wesley Buildings. Montreal : C. W COA1E6. 1898. Halifax: S. F. HUESTIS. '^ce\ Ke^^ \jj\J EsTBRKDaccordinfrio Act of the l^arlia.nent of Canada, in the year one thousand ei^ht hundred and ninety-eisrht, by Wiluam Brioos, at the Departnietit of Agriculture. INTRODUCTION. In lookiu^r over the pages of this book, it is not difficult to discover the plan, the purpose, of the author, whicli we shall find both timely and useful, bringing before us in brief and readable form, considerations which sliow the unreasonableness of unbelief, and the sound- ness, fruitfulness and excellence of the Chris- tian religion. We continually meet with statements of this kind: "We are on the verge of great changes— our magazines, newspapers and re- views are full of unbelief-our young men are being lost in the mazes of skepticism" -which statements surely are exaggerated; for some of the best newspapers in Canada IV INTRODUCTION. contain as many articles, at least, in favor of the Christian religion as against it. It may be true, as Butler said long ago, "The evidence of religion not appearing obvious may constitute one particular part of some men's trial in the religious sense There seems no possible reason why we may not be in a state of moral probation, with regard to the exercise of our understanding upon the subject of religion, as we are with regard to our behaviour in common affairs." But we are thoroughly persuaded that un- belief, such as is alleged to exist among men of affairs, threatening the usefulness of churches, and the eternal interests of men, has its root, not in the structure of the intellect so much as in wilfulness — in neglect- ing to embrace that which is knowable, and to follow that which is revealed. It is here we discover the value of the present book. It is better to search for truth where it may be readily found than to give ourselves over to idle, dangerous, endless speculations. When Moses gave to men knowledge of God, and of INTRODUCTION. v his will, he said, " For this commandnient wliich I command thee this day, it is not hidden from thee, neither is it far off It is not in heaven, that thou shouldest say, Who shall go up for us to heaven, and bring it unto us, that we may hear it, and do it ? Neither is it beyond the sea, that thou shouldest say. Who shall go over the sea for us. and bring it unto us, that we may hear it, and do it ? But the word is very nigh unto thee, in thy mouth, and in thy heart, that thou mayest do it/'— Deut. xxx. 11-15. The sacred writer maintained four thousand years ago that religious truth was accessible, near at hand, and if admitted into the under- standing and heart would find instant and eternal response; that it is fitted to man's spiritual and immortal nature, fitted to regen- erate society, and to nourish in the individual heart imperishable hope. To state this clearly and at large in language and argument suited to the present day, is the object of this book. In Part First, the author dwells on objections and diflSculties which Free-thought has urged against the Old Testament scriptures. Chapters VI INTRODUCTION. I. and II. dwell on the Pentateuch; III., on the historical books; IV., on science and the Bible; and v., on prophecy. It is not possible, in brief introductory remarks, to follow the author tlirough so comprehensive an outline, nor to show the strength and abundance of evidences, arguments and resources in these " Sabre Thrusts at Free-thought." The book must be read in order to be valued. " Perhaps no book within the inspired volume," says the writer, "has with- stood so furious and numerous assaults as those which constitute the Pentateuch;" and yet, rely- ing alone on the marvellous discoveries within recent years, amid the ruins and monuments upon Egypt's sands and Assyria's plains the author is able to say, "If, in the coming ages, that which is now generally disbelieved, or ridi- culed, should be established on the principles of truth, or if scientific discovery should re- volutionize thought, still God's own inspiration shall stand every fiery test, and ever prove itself an impregnable stronghold of eternal truth." This strong statement reminds me of Gladstone's famous saying, writing on similar INTRODUCTION. Vll topics, in "The Impregnable Rock of Holy Scriptures:" "If the most greedily destruc- tive among all the theories of the modern critics .... were established as true, it would not avail to impair the great fact of the history of man, with respect to the Jews and the nations of the world ; nor to dis- guise the light which those facts throw upon the pages of the sacred volume; nor to abate the commanding force with which, bathed, so to speak, in the flood of that light, the Bible invites, attracts and commands the ad- hesion of mankind." Part Second contains chapters on the Gos- pels; the resurrection; faith; St. Paul's writ- ings and the Book of Revelation. "As the Pentateuch is the great battlefield of the Old Testament, so also are the Gospels of the New. Unbelief has strenuously endeavored to make out a clear case against the writings of the Synoptists— first, on the ground that they are not genuine; second, they do not harmonize; third, the subject of them is a myth. ... In the Gospels Christ is the VUl INTUODl'CT[()N. central tigure ; and it would be well for the traducera and calumniators to note his char- acter and work and to make the comparison between those and the conduct and fruits of infidelity. On the one hand is the meok and lowly spirit; the patient resignation to the inevitable ; the loving sympathy ; the gentle Christian dignity and bexring, that enabled him when reviled to revile not again ; and his tireless diligence and application to the work which his Father gave him to do" — to contrast all these things, all this magni- ficent line of thought and action, with the fruit in the lives of the unbeliever, atheist or infidel, would be a sabre-thrust indeed. To follow the author in his remarks on faith and the writings of St. Paul, prepare you for the glow and warmth in w^hich he approaches the end. " All through the ages as we ransack the pages of profane history, as well as ecclesiastical, courage with discretion was master upon every field, and the child of God needs a heav^en-born hope, enabling him to confront the forces of evil in the world, INTRODUCTION. IX ho ir- of id ^e le k\ id le armed with the Spirit's two-ed^red sword, and at l.ist tc stand victorious upon the battlements of God through Jesus Christ." We commenced these remarks by speaking of the unreasonableness of unbelief which rejects and would destroy all those moral forces which make for righteousness. But how mild our words are where our author girds himself with the strength of a giant: "The writings of Voltaire and Rousseau swept like the simoon's blast over the sunny face of France, blighting the spiritual life of the nation like a full- blown flower in a November fn .1" So shall it continue forever. As Carlyle said: "Re- ligion cannot pass away. The burning of a little straw may hide the stars, but those orbs of light are still there, and will reappear." Equally steadfast are the objects and rewards of faith. " They that be wise shall shine as the firmament ; and they that turn many to right- eousness as the stars for ever and ever." Thomas Cubb. PREFACE. We know not what estimate the literary world will place upon this work, but we can say in all humility that an earnest effort has been mads on the part of the writer to in- fluence not only the intellects, but also the hearts of men, in a manner that will stimulate their piety, by setting forth some of the, triumphs of eternal truth over unbelief in every form, and over falsity in its hydra-headed hideousness. A critical perusal of the inspired Word will at once enable the ob.«^Tvant reader to discern that, although infidelity and free-thought have with fiery impetuosity assailed the disclosure of God's redeeming purposes to a lost humanity, and reduced its truths, as they fondly hoped, to Xll PREFACE. dust and ashes, yet, pluenix-like, it has arisen from the scattered particles of its supposed ruin, impregnated with the inspiring prirciples of renewed life and everlasting power. May all who read realize that faith in the truths contained within the pages of the in- spired volume, as well as in him whose face shines resplendent as the meridian sun through every hallowed page thereof, means translation into the sunburst of an unending day, the brow diademed with fadeless crown, amid the hallelujah choruses of the s^ies. W. W. WALKER. Toronto, Jamiary, 1898. TABLE OF CONTENTS. PART FIRST. Chai'Ter T.— The Teaching of tlie Pentateuch Vmdi- cated ....... CUAITER II.— The Dehige, and the Passage of the Red Sea tality of the Soul . PAGE 15 28 Chapter III.— Joshua as a Soldier, the Tel-el- Amarna Tablets, and the Theocracy of Israel ... 40 Chapter IV.— Science and the Bible, and the Iminor- 52 Chapter V. — Testimony to the Genuineness of Prophecy 00 • • PART SECOND. Chapter I. — Testimony to the Genuineness of the Gospels, the Doctrine of the Trinity, and of the Intermediate State Chapter II.— The Doctrine of the Resurrection Chapter III.— The Meaning, Exercise, and Triumph of Faith Chapter IV. — Regeneration as set forth in the Writings of St. Paul Chapter V. — Failure of Infidelity, and Victory of Christianity 81 93 103 113 128 I 1 SABRE THRUSTS AT FREE-THOUGHT. CHAPTER I The Teaching of the Pentateuch Vindicated. Perhaps no books within the inspired volume have withstood so furious and numerous assaults as those which constitute the Pentateuch, and yet, in the matchless wisdom of God, the open- ing verse has been so worded as to confound the enemies of the truth. With scientific research and discovery was established the fact that the earth was much older than was generally sup- posed. Illiterate and unthinking men, who were not friendly to divide truth, at once said that the Bible and were at variance, foro-et- ting that it mattered not if the age of this planet were millions of years, multiplied by myriads yet again, still the first verse, which treats of the genesis of all things, thunders m ms \i i 16 SABRE THRUSTS AT FRP:E-TH0UGHT. I ; '■\ forth with no uncertain sound or discordant note, " In the beginning" (without saying when it was) " God created the heaven and the earth," thus at once administering the death-blow to the superficial arguments of feather-headed free- thinkers. Also, with regard to the days of creation, infidelity has said, even granting that the work was accomplished, as the first chapter of Genesis states, in six days, the impression is not only conveyed, but the writer emphatically asserts, that they were natural divisions of time, of twenty-four hours each, by saying that the evening and the morning were the first day, and so on through each succeeding one, whereas scientific men have almost unanimously agreed that each day of creation was a geological period covering perhaps many thousand years. The question now arises, Does this harmonize with the declaration of the Bible — the morning and evening were the first day ? What constitutes a day in the sight of Almighty God ? Let us turn to the pages of inspiration for an answer. A day with the Lord is as a thousand years, and ill SABRE THRUSTS AT FREE-THOUGHT. 17 a thousand years as one day. We do well to remember that the mind of Infinity does not measure time as would the finite mind of man, for God can as readily comprehend the doings of millions of ages as man can the performances of a few hours. Regarding the crowning work of creation, the fact of man's having been made from the dust of the earth has been severely criticised and fiercely assailed ; but the theories of those who believe, and teacli, that man has been evolved, or developed, from some lower form of organic life, has received a rude shock by the discoveries within recent years amid the ruins and monuments upon Egypt's sands and Assy- ria's plains. Gold rings set with precious stones were found a few years ago, in a mummy pit, in the former country, which have been proven by some of the most distinguished Oriental scholars to have been manufactured about six thousand years ago, and which are of decidedly better workmanship than those made twenty or thirty centuries later. This does not look as though man were less intelligent ages ago than at the present i I llli;' ' inii ! iliil I 18 SAIUIE THRUSTS AT FREE-THOUUIIT. moment, nor does it look as if he were gradually developing from a lower plane to a higher, but, on the contrary, it appears as though the de- velopment were already complete in this early stage of human history. Again we have conclusive evidence of the maturity of the intellect of man in the sur- prisingly early and splendid civilization of Babylon — the construction of her massive walls, the grandeur of her public edifices, the paradisaical beauty of her gardens, and the astonishing degree to which the fine arts were cultivated. Another startling evidence of the mental status of man in primitive times was fur- nished by the discovery of Dr. Bliss, which was nothing less than a hot blast furnace containing iron ore, thus proving that one thousand five hundred years before Christ the Amorites knev^ how to use the hot-air bla^it instead of cold air, anticipating the improve- ment in iron manufacture patented in 1828. The Rosetta stone, which was discovered by M. Boussard, a French officer oTf Engineers under I I I ilti SAIillE THRUSTS AT FREE-THOL ClHT. 19 lually •, but, ic de- early )f the e sur- on of lassive es. the id the 8 were mental fur- which urnace it one ist the blast IS i Napoleon in 1799, has since proved of inestim- able value in clearing away the mists of doubt r'^lative to the past. It contains a trilingular inscription in Hieroglyphics, Demotic, and Greek, the latter furnishing a key for the interpre- tation of the others. The inscription contains a decree in honour of Ptolemy Epiphanes by the priests of Egypt, assembled in solemn conclave at Memphis, on account of taxes owed by that consecrated body. The stone was set up one hundred and ninety- five years before Christ. The cartoiLches in the first and second inscriptions upon the tablet, which contained the name of the monarch, at once showed that the last inscription recorded the same truth as the others. And now through the revelation made by God's witness, which he had called forth from its resting-place amid desert sands, where it had lain entombed for many ages, the destructive criticisms of skeptical minds were not only neutralized in their effects, but utterly anni- hilated. Numerous other evidences are in existence of Ill ! 20 SABRE THRUSTS AT FREE-THOUGHT. m m i i ' ' hi Hi ill Ij i i : 1 , 1 if 1 I ■ ' 11 j f i ! 1 1 ! Ill: & I ! I 61 , I? : M I i :; 5i i : i an early intelligence, altogether equal to the moat transparent and matured development of tho present day along these lines, notable among them the power that elevated stones, thirty feet in length, six feet in width, and four feet in thick- ness, to a height of four hundred and eighty feet, in the construction of the Pyramid of Cheops. Some authorities say that electricity was used in elevating those enormous masses of granite so high in the air, others e(jually dis- tinguished maintain that steam was the power used, whilst others as emphatically assert that it was the incline plane. None, however, know to a certainty what particular means were used, but all know bej'^ond doubt that whatever it was, it was in every respect equal to the best known and most scientific motive power in use in these closing years of a remarkable epoch. Another soul-convincing demonstration of early intellectual and inventive power in man was the discovery of the remains of a Telephone in India, which was proven to have been used nearly two thousand years before the dawn of the Christian era. Equally startling, and tend- -<■» SABRE THRUSTS AT FKEE-THOIJUHT. 21 t ing in the same 'lirectioii, was tlie unearthing of a case of surgical instruments from the ruins of an ancient Eastern city, wliich were of exijuisite workmanship, containing scalpels, lancets, probes, etc., claimed to have been e(i[ual in design and utility to those in use at the present day. If, however, those who believe in the unfold- ing or development of man, from the lower to the higher plane, and also that life must precede life in some form or order, are not convinced by the astounding evidences produced as the result of research, then we will say that the Bible story of the creation of man will stand the test; an