7" IMAGE EVALUATION TEST TARGET (MT-S) /. id. 1.0 I.I 1.25 1^ lis 1.8 U IIIIII.6 ^ m Ta /a >:> K*V /1 ^:** ■^ '/ M ^ 4C V iV A»''«i»jf*M>«ini«. " Vetustas Pro Lege Semper Habetur." ®or0ftt0: HUNTER, ROSE & COMPANY. 1889. ■■,ir ti^ t pr\ ^ Entered according to Act of Parliament of Canada, in the year of Our Lord one thousand eight hundred and eighty-niae, by Hbnby Robertson, at the Department of Agriculture. MiiMBiiHmr; TO THIS WORK, THE FIRST COMPILATION IF CANADIAN MASONIC LAW, IS FRATERNALLY DEDICATED BY THE AUTHOR. 1? i - , ■ '■ ■' -^'•'^nii'it^^ii£ffi^£ ,^i ■ 'titiii PREFACE. The title page sufficiently indicates the object of this work. It will be found to contain an alphabetical digest of all matters of Masonic law, arranged iu a methodical manner, and convenient for reference. There is also a dissertation on the office of District Deputy Grand Masters, their selection, duties, powers and disabilities. The articles on balloting are extensive and iipportant. Great attention has been paid to the subject of Masonic trials ; a code of procedure has been laid down, and in- structions given for almost every possible step in a Mas- sonic prosecution, with forms of charges, specifications, summons, answers, the taking of evidence, report of committee, ^/■■^'' s*- . ABSENCE. Absence from Lodge meetiDgs, without a reasonable excuse, is a Masonic offence, especially after being duly summoned to attend. Absence from the jurisdiction does not deprive a brother of tl e rights of membership. In the absence of the Master, the immediate Past Master, or in his absence the next immediate Past-Master present shall take the chair. If no Past-Master isjnesent, the Senior Warden, or in his absence the Junior Warden, may rule the Lodge, but not confer degrees. In the permanent absence of t]»e Master, the Senior Warden, or in his absence the Junior Warden, shall act as Master, in summoning the Lodge until a new Master is elected. In the absence of any of the officers of a Lodge, the Master appoints some qualified brother to fill the vacancy pro tempore, that is for the time of, or during thf> meeting ACCOIJJVTS. Proper books of Account are to be kept by the Secre- tary and Treasurer of every Lodge, in which all moneys received or paid on account of the Lodge are to be entered. ^^■■•Pi 10 ADJOURNMENT. The accounts of every Lodge must be audited, at least once a year, by a committee appointed by the Lodge for that purpose. , Accounts between Lodges and the Grand Lodge can- not be re-opened years after returns have been made. ACQUITTAL. A verdict of acquittal is, in general, a bar to any fur- ther prosecution for the same offence. In flagrant cases, however, where the failure to convict is manifestly im- proper, and the honor and dignity of the Craft may be imperilled, it is open to the Grand Lodge to institute fresh proceedings, even after a verdict of acquittal by the Lodge. • Notice of an acquittal should be sent by the Secretary of the Lodge to the brother acquitted. ADJOVRIVMENT. A Lodge meeting cannot be adjourned from one time to another. An adjournment is unknown in Masonry. No Lodge has the power of adjourning from day to day. A Lodge may be " called off from labor to refreshment," for some specified time during the same day or evening ; but labor must be resumed and the Lodge properly closed on the same day that it is opened. It a ceremony is actually in progress at midnight, it may be concluded, but' otherwise a Lodge meeting cannot extend beyond the date upon which it is commenced. When a trial is adjourned, notice of the adjournment must be sent to the accused and the accuser. f! ADVANCEMENT. 11 ADllII§fiiIOIV. Of (laudidates. iSee candidates. Of Meniliors. See affiliation. Of Visitors. See visitokh. Procedure. Sec rRorosrN(4 memuehs. All members and visitors, before admission to the Lodge room, are to sign their names in the attendance book and be properly clothed. ADMONITIOIV. See REPRIMAND. Admonition is the least punishment that can be inflicted for a Masonic offence. It is equivalent to a reprimand. It must be administered by the Master to an offending brother in open Lodge. A brother who disturbs the harmony of the Lodge after being thrice formally admonished by the Master, is liable to be proceeded against for contumacy, and punished according to the Lodge By-laws. He is also liable to be disciplined as in other cases of unmasonic conduct. U: ADVANCEMENT. See FELLOW CRAFT. — OBJECTIONS. Advancement is the term used to express the progress of the Entered Apprentice to the Second or Fellow Craft's Degree. He is a candidate for advancement, and if found " worthy of advancement," he is " passed " to the Second or Fellow Craft's Degree. In like manner, a Fellow Craft wishing for more light, is a candidate for " further advancement," and if found "well skilled" he is "raised "to the Third or Sublime Degree of Master Mason. 12 AFFILIATION. A brother cannot be advanced to a higher degree with- in one month from his recei)tion of a previous degree, except by a dispensation from the Grand Master, nor, in any case, until he has passed a satisfactory examination in open Lodge in the previous degree. No brother can claim advancement merely because a month has elapsed since ho received the prior degree. He must pass the requisite examination, and the Lodge are to judge of its sufficiency. Having passed the examination, and the mouth having elapsed, the brother has a right to advancement, unless there be some charge against him. After the examination, the candidate retires, and the Lodge is then opened in the next degree. The voice oi the Lodge is taken as to the sufficiency of the examina- tion, and, if decided in favor of [the candidate, the ceremony is proceeded with. If objection on any other ground is made, any member of the Lodge may require that such objection be placed in the form of a charge, and if not so placed at the next regular meeting of the Lodge, the objection is of no elfect. There is no time limited, within which a brother is obliged to present himself for advancement, and a Master would not be justined in withholding a degree merely l)ecause the brother had not come forward for it before. AFFIL.IAT101ir. Affiliation is the term used to imply the reception by a Lodge among its members of one who is already a Mason. Masons, when they join a Lodge, are " affiliated ;" others AFFILIATION. V) are ** initiated." Applicants for affiliation are said to be " admitted " an members. Candidates for initiation are " received." An affiliated Mason means a brother who is a member of a private Lodge. A joining member means a brother who, having been initiated in a private Lodge, or hailing from a foreign jurisdiction acknowledged by the Grand Lodge, or having been '* healed," and in either case who is admitted a member of a private Lodge by affiliation. A Mason may affiliate with. (or join) any Lodge that is willing to receive him. His application for affiliation mnst be presented to the Lodge at a regular meeting and in open Lodge. His name, occupation and resid'^iice, and the name and number of the Lodge of which he is, or was last a member, or in which he was initiated, are to be inserted in the summons sent to all the members of the Lodge for the next regular meeting. There must be an interval of at least four weeks between the recep- tion of the application and the ballot thereon. The de- cision of the brethren on the application is ascertained only by ballot. If this is favorable, the applicant thereby becomes a member of that Lodge. When a Lodge has ceased to meet, any former member is eligible to be pro- posed and admitted a member of another Lodge, on pro- ducing a certificate from the Grand Secretary, stating the fact and specifying whether the brother has been regis- tered and his dues paid. A member who is suspended or expelled from one Lodge cannot join any other Lodge. So also, one who has withdrawn from his Lodge without having complied with its By-laws or the general regulations of the Craft, is not eligible for admission to any other Lodge. ^ 14 AMALGAMATION. A member who withdraws from his Lodge and pro- poses to join another, must produce from the former Lodge a certificate of his standing, which is to be pie- sented to the Lodge which he proposes to join belure the ballot is taken on his proposition. It is the dutjr of every Mason, if possible, to be affili- ated with Home ^vorking Lodge. An applicant for affiliation who is rejected by one Lodge may again apply at once to the same or to any other Loilge. He is not obliged to wait any specified time after the rejection. There is no restriction as to the number of times a brother may apply for affiliation. A member of a foreign Lodge may affiliate with any Lodge I:> Canada that is willing to receive him. :^ AGE. ■■ All candidates for initiation must be of the full age of twenty-one years. No person can be initiated under that age except by a dispensation from the Grand Master. The candidate must have attained that age before sign- ing the declaration required previous to initiation. The application for initiation must state the age of the candidate, and the age must be inserted in the summons, and sent to all the members of the Lodge before the bal- lot, with the other particulars required by the Consti- tution. Am A L« A II ATIOiy . When two or more warranted Lodges desire to, amalga- mate under one warrant, each Lodge shall adopt a resolu- / I ,M^ ^^^7* AMALiUMATION. 15 tion to that effect, and appoint a committee of three mem- bers to arrange the terms therefor. The report of the committee, if favorable, shall recom- < mend for adoption, the name and number of one of the Lodges, and the time and place when such amalgamation shall be effected. On the approval o2 the report of the committee by the Lodges, a copy thereof shall be mailed to the last known address of each member of said Lodges about to be amalgamated, and if seven or more members of either of the Lodges do not notify the secretary of their Lodge in writing, of their objection to such amalga- mation, within ten days from date of mailing said notices, it shall be carried into effect, so soon as the Grand Master shall approve of, or authorize, said amal amation. The Grand Master, District Deputy Grand Master, or such other brother as the Grand Master may appoint, shall carry the amalgamation into effect, by attending at the time and place named, when the members of the Lodges present shall choose, by ballot, the elective officers, who with the officers appointed by the Master-elect, shall be immediately installed or invested if present. The secretary shall prepare and deliver to the Master a list of the members of the amalgamated Lodge, which shall be signed by the Master and Secretary, and for- warded to the Grand Secretary within one month after the amalgamation. Every member of any of the Lodges amalgamated shall be a member of the amalgamated Lodge, but ctny member may pay all his dues and with- draw from his Lodge before such amalgamation has been effected. Any member under suspension for any cause, shall have the same rights in the consolidated Lodge as he would have had in his own Lodge, had such amalgamation not taken place. 10 ANCIENT CHAR(}fcS. AmENDniENTS. Amentlents to the Constitutinn cannot be made with. ■ out notice having been given at the previous Communi- cation of Grand Lodge, and a two-thirda vote is requisite for their adoption. Amendments to By-laws are regulated by the By-laws themselves. Three months* notice is generally required. All amendments to By-laws must be submitted to the District Deputy Grand Master, for the approval of the Grand Master, and they are not valid until so submitted and approved. Copies must be sent to the Grand Secre- tary and District Deputy Grand Master after approval AN€IE]«T CHARGES. The Ancient Charges will be found in the Book of Con- stitution. They were compiled from old records and re- arranged nearly in their present form, by Brother James Anderson, in 1722, at the command of the Duke of Mon- tague, then Grand Master of England. They constitute a part of the fundamental law of the Fraternity, and are the foundation of our present Constitution. They are divided into six parts, viz. : — 1, Concerning God apd religion ; 2, Of the civil magistrate, supreme and subordinate ; 3, Of Lodges ; 4, Of Masters, Wardens, Fellows and Appren- tices ; 5, Of the management of the Craft in working ; 6, On behaviour in the Lodge while constituted ; after the Lodge is over and the brethren not gone ; when brethren meet without strangers, but not in a Lodge formed ; in presence of strangers not Masons ; at home and in your neighborhood ; towards a strange brother. It is the duty of the Master of every Lodge to cause the Ancient Charges to be read in open Lodge once every year. APPEAL. 17 There is also a sunjmary of the Ancient Charges and regulations which is to be read to the Master-elect j)rior to his installation into the chair ot' the F.odge, a. id he promises to support tliem. appk:al. An appeal may be taken to Grand Lodge against the decision of any other Masonic authority. As the Grand Lodge is the supreme jjower, it has the right of final decision in overy case which concerns the Craft in general, or any particular Lodge or brother. An appeal lies from the ^jecision of the Master of ii liodge to a District Deputy G-rand Master, to the Grand Master or to the Crand Lodge, An appeal lies from the decision of a Lodge to the District Deputy Grand Master, to the Grand Master or • to the Grand Lodge. An ajDijeal lies from the decisioti of the District Deputy Grand Mooter to the Grand Master or to the Grand Lod;^e. An appeal lies from the decision of the Board of Gen- eral Purposes to the Grand liodge. An appeal lies from the decision of the Grand Master to the Grand Lodge. Any Lodge or brother who feels aggrieved by the deci- sion of any other Masonic authority may appeal to the Gi'and Lodge against such decision. All appeals must be made in writing, and must specify the particular grit vance complained of, and must be in proper and respectful language. Notice of all appeals must be given in writing within twenty-one days from the receipt of the decision appealed against. "1 18 APPEAL. A notice and copy of the appeal must also be sent by the appellant to the party against who^e decision the rppeal is made. All appeak to the Grand Master or Grand Lodge are to be transmitted to the Grand Secretary. Any Mason who has been subjected to any proceedings of a Lodge, or against whom charges have been pre^ sented, or his accuser, or any member of the Lodge, has the right to appeal from any verdict or sentence therein in his case rendered or adjudged, and from any vote or decision of a Lodge upon the subject of any charge, and such appeal may be made to the Grand Master or to the Grand Lodge. " All appeals from any such verdict or sentence of a Lodge shall be made in writing, and contain a statement of the case, the exceptions taken to the decision of the Lodge appealed from, and the grounds upon which they are based. The appeal shall be fyled with the Grand Secretary thirty days prior to the next succeeding annual meeting of the Grand Lodge, if possible. The appellant shall give the Lodgo appealed from notice of his intention, within twenty-one days after re ceiving notice of its action or decision ; and the Secretary of such Lodge, under the direction of the Master, shall, at least ten days before the Annual Communication .of the Grand Lodge, produce to the Grand Secretary, and also give to the appellant, and to any Brother affected by the decision appealed from, if demanded, a certified copy of all the charges, papers, proceedings and evidence in the case ; Provided^ the times herein specified shall intervene between such decisions and the Annual Communication aforesaid ; if not, then such time shall apply to the next succeeding Annual Communication of the Grand Lodge^ m, .1 APPOINTMENTS. 19 or may bo disposed of by the Chand Master during recoss of the Grand Lodge. On an appeal the authority appealed to may dismiss or allow the appeal ; may approve or dipa})piiove the pro- ceedings appealed from; may alHrm or disallow the de- cision appealed against ; may modify, or increase, or change the decision or sentence ; may inflict a penalty ; may set aside the proceedings for informality ; may re- mand the case for a new trial or for further proceedings ; may postpone for further information, or may give such other diroctions as shall appear just and reasonable. An appeal may also be taken to the District Deputy Grand Master of the district, for any irregularity in the trial, or any infringement of the rights of the accused, but not in questions of fact. On such appeal the District Deputy Grand Master may either dismiss the appeal or set aside the proceedings, and order a new trial. In all cases of appeal, the Grand Master or the Grand Lodge, may authorize the District Deputy Grand Master to investigate the case, and report, with his opinion thereon. There is no appeal from the decision of ttie Master of a Lodge to the Lodge itself. (For the form of an appeal, see Appendix.) APPL.ICATIO»r. See PROPOSING me5ibers. — kelief. — restoration. APPOIIVTMEIVTS. The Grand Master has the power of appointing all the Grand Officers below the Grand Secretary, and also five 20 A UREA IIS. niomberH eaoli year to servo on the Board ot'dcneral l*ur- [>08e8. He has also power to till any vacancies in ofKces to which he has the power of appointment. He has also power to Hll hy appointment pro tempoir any vacancy in any office of Grand Lodge. A Lodge may appoint a proxy to represent it in Grand Lodge. {See PROXY.) The Master of a Lodge has the power of appointing the deacons, inner guard, director of ceremonies, organ- ist and stewards (unless the By-laws of the Lodge provide for the election of these officers) ; and all standing com- mittees of the Lodge, except the auditors. A motion naming a standing committee of the Lodge, unless it be the audit committee, will be out of order, as an infringe- ment of the i)rerogative8 of the Master. The Master uny appoint the wardens and secretary in cases where the Lodge has given him that power by a special By-law. This By-law must be sanctioned by a two-thirds majority of the members present at a meeting regularly called for its consideration. The Master may fill vacancies in any offices or commit- tees to which he has the power of appointment. ARREARS. See DUK8. Any Lodge in arrears for dues to Grand Lodge for moi'o than one year is not entitled to representation iu Grand Lodge until such arrears are paid up. The returns and payments are to be made semi-annu- ally to the Grand Secretary ; and in case of neglect to make such returns and payments for more than one year, the Lodge is liable to be erased from the roll of Lodges, and is also liable to be suspended by the District Deputy Grand Master. ATTfETSTS. 81 ''if The, Mu8ter and Wardons or other rt^proHontativos of 8Uch Jjoember8 attending at eacli meeting must sign tlioif nameH before entering tlie Lodge. A similar book, or a portion of the same l)ook, iH kept for visitors, in which they sign their names and enter their Masonic rank and the name of tlieir mother Lodge or the Lodge from which they hail. The Attendance Book is sometimes called the Guard Book or Tyler's Register. It is kept in the ante-room of the Lodge before and during the meeting. It is in the charge of the Tyler, and it is his duty to see that every member and visitor has signed his name in the book l>efore entering the Lodge. . ♦ AUDIT. AUDITORS. The accounts of every Lodge must be audited at least once in every year by a committee appointed by the Lodge, who are to report such audit to the Lodge with- out delay. , The administration of the funds of the Lodge is a most important matter. The supervision of the accounts of the Ijodge is equally important, and this duty should be carefully and punctually performed. In all Lodges the accounts of the Secretary and Trea- surer should be iaudited at least every six months, and in large Lodges every three months. The Secretary and 24 AUDIT. Treasurer should keep their books posted up, so as to be ready for the auditors at any time. The Audit Committee is appointed by the Lodge, not by the Master. This Committee is an exception to the general rule, that all standing committees are to be appointed by the Master. Some Lodges have By-laws providing that the Master shall appoint the Audit Com- mittee, but these By-laws are contrary to the Constitu- tion which says that the Audit Committee shall be appointed by the Lodge. The Auditors should be appointed by the Lodge on the night of the election of officers. It is competent for the Lodge to appoint a special committee to examine into and report upon the accounts of the Lodge at any time. In the performance of their duty, the Auditors are en- titled to have access to the books and papers of the Lodge at all reasonable times. They should carefully check over all the entries in the account books. All moneys coming into the Lodge 8ho\dd be paid in the first place to the Secretary, and his receipt taken therefor. The Secretary should receive no money without giving a receipt, and keeping a counterfoil in a book for that purpose. The Auditors should see that the entries in the Secre- tary's Cash Book correspond with the counterfoils in the Receipt Book. They should see that the Secretary has paid over to the Treasurer all money received by him for the Lodge, and that he has the Treasurer's receipts as vouchers for such payments. The Secretary should not retain any money for petty cash or other expenses. His bill for disbursements should be rendered to the Lodge in the same manner as other bills, and when passed by / ',■5 AUDIT. 25 the Lotlge it is jiaid by the order of the Master on the Treasurer in the usual way. Where it is necessary, the Lodge may vote a sum in advance for the necessary dis- bursements of the Secretary for postages and other ex- penses The Auditors should see that the Treasurer's entries of receipts correspond with the Secretary's payments to him. They should require proper vouchers to be produced for all payments made by him. No payments should be made by the Treasurer without the order of the Master coun- tersigned by the Secretary. These orders of the Master should all be produced and examined, and they should be accompanied by receipts from the parties to whom the payments were made. They should also examine the Minute Book, to see if the accounts paid were properly passed by the Lodge. The Auditors should see that the books are correctly balanced, that the columns are 'properly added up, and that the balance stated to be on hand is on hand and ready to be handed over by the Treasurer to his successor in office, or to be invested or disposed of as the Lodge may direct. The Auditors should make a report to the Lodge, show- ing the receipts and expenditure since the date 'of the previous audit, and the present state of all the funds and accounts of the Lodga They should also prepare a bal- ance sheet of the assets and liabilities of the Lodge, show- ing the amount due by membera for due^ the amount of funds invested, the amount of cash on hand, and all out- standing accounts not paid. The report should also classify the expenditure under the projier heads, showing separately the sums paid for relief, funerals, iavestiuent, 2G AUDIT. rent, salaries, Grand Lodge dues, furniture, running expenses, &c. It is also within the province of the Auditors to make such suggestions as they may deem advisable for the in- vestment or disposal of any surplus funds that may be on hand. In some Lodges it is made a part of the duty of the Auditors to examine all bills and accounts before they are presented to the Lodge, and to certify to their cor- rectness or otherwise. The Auditors should perform their important duties with fidelity, and without fear or favour. The funds of the Lodge are a sacred trust, and the brethren look to the Auditors, and expect them to see that this trust is in no manner violated or trifled with without prompt exposure. AVOrCHMEIVT. See VOUCHING. te BALLOT. 2t . ' f'^ c, " m "I BALLOT. r. In Grand Lodge.. II. In Subordinate Lodges. I. In Grand Lodge. All the elective otficers of the Grand Lodge ^jxcept the Grand Tyler must be chosen by ballot. The Grand Tyler is elected by an open vote of Grand Lod^e. The elective members of the Board of General Pur- poses of "Gland Lodge are chosen by JdaUoI. The ballot papers for Grand Lodge Officers and Mem- bers of the Board are to be handed to the Members of Grand Lodge when they report themselves to the Com- mittee on Credentials, and enter their names in the At- tendance Book. Each member is required to produce his ballot paper when he applies for admission to Grand Lodge. At the election, the ballot papers are to be collected by the Scrutineers, appointed by the Grand Master or presiding officer. The Scrutineers are required to solemnly pledge themselves to make a correct re[)ort of the result of the ballot. After they have ascertained the number of votes for the respective Candidates, the Scrutineers are to sign their reports and present them to the Grand Lodge. Canvassing for otlice is unmasonic. Every brother should cast his ballot against, instead of for, any brother who resorts to such improper conduct. lu the Grand Lodge a ballot may be>demanded by any member on any question. This may be done either before or immediately after an open vote has been taken. The reason why a ballot may be demanded in the Grand Lodge, while it is forbidden to do so in Subordinate Lodges, is because of tho inequality of votes iu the GrancJ 28 BALLOT. Lodge. Many members have only one vote, while others have more. Each Lodge has three votes, and one member may represent three Lodges ; if only one delegate from a Lodge is present he has three votes ; and if the Master and both Wardens are present, they have each one vote. Past Masters have eacli one vote in their own right ; and a Past Master who has the proxies of three I^odges will have ten votes. So that an open vote where each member only counts as one, is not a fair test of the opinions of the Lodges, and does not give each Lodge a due representation on the question to be decided. Where the numbers on each side on an open vote are nearly equal, a ballot would very often change the decision. II. IN SIJBOROINATE LODGES. L At Election of Offickrs. , 2. For Candidates for Initiation. 3. For Admission of Members. 4. For Honorary Members. 5. Secrecy. ' ■ , Method of Procedure. Miscellaneous. 6. 7. t. AT ELECTION OF OFFICERS. The principal officers of Subordinate Lodges are to be elected by ballot. These are the Master, Senior Warden, Junior Warden, Chaplain, Treasurer and Secretary. The Tyler is not to be elected by ballot^ but by open vote. It a Lodge is desirous of giving the Master the power to appoint the two Wardens and the Secretary, it can do so by a special By-law made to that eflect. This By- law must be sanctioned by a two-thirds majority of the members present at a meeting regularly called for its con- i BALLOT. 29 sideration. In Lodges that have such a By-law, it is not necessary to ballot for the officers nampd in it, as the Mas- ter appoints them by virtue of the By-law. This regula- tion applies only to the Wardens and Secretary. The Master, Chaplain and Treasurer must in all cases be elected by ballot. At the election of officers, ballot papers are distributed by the Deacons to all the members. Each member writes on his ballot paper the name of the brother for whom he wishes to vote. The ballot papers are collected by the scrutineers and counted by them. They announce the numbers and the Master declares the result of the ballot. The Grand Lodge has decided that the vote of a majority of the meuibers present is requisite to an election, and as every member must vote, blank ballots must be counted in determining the result. Similary spoiled ballots or votes cast for one who is aot eligible must also be counted. A majority of the votes present is necessary to a choice. If there is no choice on any ballot, the Mas- ter directs another ballot to be taken, and so on until a choice is made. There is no limit to the number of times that the ballot may be passed for election of officers. The Master may request the members to confine their votes to two of the candidates, but he has no power to strike out any votes that may be given for any candidate, or con- trary to his request. If, after repeated trials, a choice is not arrived at, and he deems it for the interests of Masonry and of the Lodge, he may close the Lodge, and afterwards call a special meeting for the purpose of pro- ceeding with the election of officers. Canvassing for office is unmasonic ; and brethren should cast their ballots invariably against any brother who resorts to this improper method of securing office. no BALLOT. 1 ■■ 2. FOR (JA1\I>IDATES FOR IIVITI4TIOIV. All caiulidatcs for initiation must be balloted for and ai)})roved before they can be initiated. The ballot cannot be taken within four weeks from the proposition of the candidate. A rejected candiiiatc for initi:\tion cannot be balloted for again in the same or any other Lodge within twelve months from the time of his rejection. The candidate must be balloted for after the commit- tee on character have reported to the Lodge in his favour. If the report of the committee be unfavorable to the candidato, he shall be considered rejected, and it is not necessary in such a case to ballot for hiiu. In cases of emergency (see Proposing Members), the ballot cannot be taken unless the meeting is held seven clear days after the issue of the summons which states that the meeting is called for the purpose of balloting for the candidate. Previous to the ballot being taken, the Master must cause the pro])osition and the emergency stated to be recorded in the Minute Book of the Lodge. No person csm be made a Mason, if on the ballot two black bulls appear against him. Lodges have the power to require the ballot to be unanimous by passing a By-law to that effect. In Lodges that have such a By-law, no person can be made a Mason, if, on the ballot, one black ball appears against him. After a candidate has been rejected, a motion to post- pone the consideration of the same ballot until the next regular meeting is entirely out of order, and should not be entertained. A Lodge which should pass such a reso- .1 BALLOT. 31 lution, and act on it, would hv liable to suapension, for a gross violation of Masonic law. If the report of the Committee on (Character is favor- able to the candidate, it is not necessary to move the adoption of the report. The ballot must he passed whe- ther a motion to adopt or receive the report is made or not, or whether such a motion is passerl or negatived. A negative vote could not prevent the ballot from being passed. A ballot cannot be postponed. After the Committee on Character have reported to the Lodge in favor of the candidate, he must be balloted for at th^t meeting. The Master has no power to postpone the ballot from time to time, or to suspend the declaration of the ballot. It is irregular to ballot for a candidate when the com- niittee have leported unfavorably. He is rejected by the report and the ballot is not necessary and should not be taken. 3. FOR ADimiSSIOIV OF MEIIBERS. • No brother can be admitted to membership in a Lodge until he has been balloted for and approved by the mem- bers of that Lodge. Previous to the ballot being taken, the brother is re- quited to produce to the Lodge a certificate of his stand- ing from the Lodge of which he is or was last a member. No brother can be admitted a member of a Lodge if on the ballot two black balls appear against him. Lodges have the power to require a unanimous ballot by passing a By-law to that effect in which case one black ball will exclude. When an application for affiliation is referred to a com- mittee to enquire as to the character and standing of the 32 BALLOT. applicant, it is in the power of the committee to report that the candidate be not balloted for, and to give rea- ( sons for such report, as that the applicant has removed or is about to remove out of the jurisdiction of the Lodge. I When a member of the I^odge resigns his membership, and a resolution is passed by the Lodge granting him a * , certificate of withdrawal (or dimit), he ceases to be a membt^rof that Lodge, and cannot he re-admitted to mem- • ; ;; bership without being again balloted for and approved. ''')(. A rejected applicant for affiliation is not obliged to wait twelve monflis after rejection before making another application. He may apply again at once, or at any other time he chooses ; and he can be balloted for again at the next regular meeting after his application. The law in this respect makes a distinction between candi- dates for initiation and brothers applying for member- ship. The former must m lit twelve months after rejec- tion, before they can again be balloted for, the latter are not obliged to wait any particular time. * i I. FOR HONORARY HIEIHBERS. The ballot is necessary for the election of honorary members. A brother may be elected an honorary member of a Lodge but only by ballot. No brother can be admitted as a member of a Lodge, whether honorary or ordinary, without a ballot. A three-fourths vote of the members present is neces- sary for the election of an honorary member. On the election of an honorary member a unanimous ;^| | ballot is absolutely necessary to confer the right of vot- BAT-LOT. 33 I '1 Si ing in the Lodge, or to make the brother, as it is expressed, an honorary member, " with the full privileges of an ordinary member." 5. 8ECRE€¥. No brother shall violate the secrecy of the ballot on candidates for initiation or membership, by stating ho^ he voted or intended to vote, or by endeavoring to ascer- tain how a brother voted, or by revealing a brother's vote. Provided that, in cases of masonic trials where the charge laid involves such ballot, any brother shall be at liberty to disclose how he voted in that particular case. The secrecy of the ballot is a well understood constitu- tional rule. It allows each member to act upon his own responsibility in voting for the admission of applicants, and to exercise his own convictions of his duty without being influenced or coerced. By the ballot all are enabled to give a free and unbiased expression of opinion on the fitness of the applicant. This freedom is considered es- sential to the very existence almost of our Fraternity, and the laws and regulations as to the preservation of the secrecy of the ballot are very stringent ; nothing is allow- able which tends to violate the secrecy of the ballot. Every member present when a ballot is taken may be compelled to vote or retire from the Ijodge. This rule is a consequence of the necessity for the preservation of the secrecy of the ballot. If one member may refuse to vote, all who are favorable to the candidate may do so like- wise, and thus disclose those who are against him. A refusal to vote in a single case is an exposure of an intention not to vote against the candidate. This of it- self is a Masonic offence ; where the refusal is general, it would be an exposure of those who would vote against M H 34 BALLOT. tlie cane allowed to, be used as a cloak to conceal such a fraudulent and unmaHonic act as falsify- ing the state of the ballot, and thereby adnntting a mem- ber who was really rejected. 6. METHOD OF PROCEDURE. There are two methods of taking the ballot used by Lodges. In some Lodges the ballot box is carried round to the members, and in others it is placed upon the altar. The latter method is, in our opinion, by far the more preferable. At the proper time in the order of business, the Master directs the Deacons (or the Senior Deacon alone) to pre- pare the ballot box. There is no necessity for him to inquire if it is the pleasure of the Lodge to proceed with the ballot, nor is there any necessity for a motion that the ballot be taken. After the Committee on Character have reported to the Lodge in favor of the Candidate, he must be balloted for, and it is the Master's duty to proceed with the ballot. The Senior Deacon takes the ballot box and places all the balls, both white and black, in one compartment, leaving the other empty. He then proceeds with the box first to the Junior Warden, then to the Senior Warden, and then to the Master. These officers satisfy them- selves that no ball has been left in the compartment in which the votes are to be deposited, and that it is in a proper condition for the taking of the vote. I BALLOT. 37 The box i« then placed upon the altar by the Senior I)oacon, wlio retireB to his neat. The Ma8t4'r announcos that tlio WaMot is now to he taken for the candidnto, naminjj; him, and generally giving his a;^e, residence an»l occupation, as stated in the application. The Master then directs the Se one in name. Oi)en or avowed infidelity is a Masonic offence, and should be treated as any other uutnasonic conduct. If a brother applies for his dimit, stating that he does so because he no longer believes in the doctrines above ' stated, the Lodge should grant the dimit (if there is no charge preferred against him), and should sta^e, in the dimit, the reason of its being asked for. The dimit can state his standing in the Lodge, and, as he assigns a spe- cific reason for withdrawal, the dimit can further state that he " is discharged from .membership at his own re- quest " for the reason given. It is competent for any brotlier to prefer a charge against the brother so applying, either before or after he receives his dimit. BEIVEFITS. The benefits to be derived from a connection with the Masonic fraternity are not subject to any fixed rules. Tiiey are numerous and important, as every Mason knows Their being indefinite does not lessen their importance, nor does it in any way decrease their practical usefulness. On the contrary, it tends to increase both their signi- ficance and their power of doing good. Besides the peculiar advantages derived by Masons from the tie which binds them together, the benefits of Masonry are exemplified in the relief of widows and orphans and of aged brethren in want, and in the train- ing of the youth of both sexes and their education and preparation for lives of usefulness and virtue. ^ But, in Masonry, there are no fixed payments in cases of sickness or death ; there are no *' sick benefits," nor 1 n I \ 46 BIBLE. " funeral benefits." Tliero is no general " benefit fund," nor any particular " widows' fund." The system of Htated payments in these cases is entirely opposed to the broad principles of Miisouic charity. Each case is governed by the circumstances which surround it, and there is no limit to the exercise of Masonic benevolence in its purest and widest extent. BKNEVOLEIWCE. See RELIEF. BIBLE. The Bible is the first Great Light in Masonry. It is the rule and guide of our faith and conduct. Without it no l4)dge is justly formed; nor can any one be legally initiated without it, in countries where it is accepted as the standard rule of belief. In Grand Lodge processions, the Bible is borne by the Grand Chaplain. In funeral processions by subordinate Lodges, the Bible is borne by the oldest member of the Lodge. The volume of the Sacred Law is usually unfolded, in the first degree, at Ruth iv. 7 ; in the second degree, at Judges xii. 6 ; and in the third degree, at I Kings, vii. 13. U. The usage in this matter has varied at times. During the last century, at different periods, Genesis, xxii. and xxviii. were indiff'erently used in the first degree ; I Kings, ' vi. 7, and II. Chronicles, iii. 17, in the second degree ; and Amos, vii. and II Chronicles, vi. in the third degree. In the Tfnited States, the following passages ai*e used : — in the first degree, Psalms, cxxxiii, ; in the second de- 1 BOARD OF QENKRAL PL'R POSES. 47 gree, Amos vii, 7, 8 , aud in the third degree, Eccles- iastes, xii. 1-7. During i\ui ceremony of consecrating and dedicating a Lodge, the volume of the Sacred Law should l»e open lit I Kings, viii. ; in processions, at Numbers, x. ; and at funeiiftls, at Genesis, i. BLACK BALLS. ^See I'.ALLOT. BOARD OF <>}E]WERAL PIJRft'OSES. The Board of General Purposes of the Grand Lodge of Canada consists of the Grand Master, Past Grand Mas- tors of the Grand Lodge of Canada, Deputy Grand Mas- ter, who is ex-ojficio President of the Board, the District Deputy Grand Master of each Masonic district, the two Grand Wardens, and twenty other members, ten of whom are a])pointed bv the Grand Master and the remaining ten elected by the Grand Lodge ; the whole twenty are selected from among the actual Masters and Past Masters of the Lodges. Members thus elected and appointed hold office for two years. No more than two members of the same Lodge can be appointed or elected for the Same Board : but this does not disqualify any Past Master being a subscribing member, and Master of another Lodge, from being elected for and representing the Lodge of which he is Master. One-half of the members, both ap- pointed and elected, who have served for two years, go out of office at each annual communication. Retiring members are eligible for re-appointment or re-election. The Board annually elects one of its members to be Vice-President, who in the absence of the President froni 48 HOARD OF GKNKRAr. PURPOSES. I i ■ -I I meetings of the Board, possesses all his powers and privi- leges. The names of the several brethren intended to be put in nomination as members of the Board, are to be de- livered in writing to the (Irand Secretary, on the first day of the assembling of Grand Lodge in annual com- munication, in order that all names so to be proposed may bo printed in a list ; a copy of which is delivered to each member of Grand Lodge previous to election. The balloting lists are subsequently to be collected by the Grand Stewards. Should the President and Vice-President be absent from any meeting of the Board, the Board elects a chair- man pro tenqmre. The Board has authority to hear and determine all sub- jects of Masonic complaint, or irregiilarity respecting Lodges, or individual Masons when regularly brought before it. It may proceed to admonition, tine, or suspen- sion, according to the laws ; and its decision is final, unless an appeal be made to the Grand Lodge. Notice of any such intended appeal is to be given in writing to the Grand Secretary, within fourteen days of the receipt by the Lodge, or brother, of the decision of the Board of General Purposes on the case. But should any case be of so flagrant ajnature as to require the erasure of a Lodge, or the expulsion of a brother, the Board makes a special report thereon to the Grand Lodge. The Board may summon any Lodge or brother to attend it, and to produce the warrant, books, papers and accounts of the Lodge, or the certificate of the brother. If such Lodge, or brother, do not comply or give sufficient reasons for non-compliance, a peremptory summons is to be issued : and, in case of contumacy, the Lodge or brothe|: ,|; ^mv .' mwM!% BOARD OF (5ENERAL PURPOSES. 49 may be 8U8i)ended, and the proceedings notitied to the Grand Lodge. When the Board has investigated and decided on any case, which, in its judgment, requires admonition, fine or suspension, the fact alleged as the offence is fully stated in the minute, declared proved, the law relating thereto quoted, and the decision recorded and acted upon. In case of any charge or complaint affecting a member of the Board, or a Lodge to which he belongs, such mem- ber must withdraw whilst ^he Board considers its decision. The members of the Board are to be in Masonic cloth- ing, when they proceed to the investigation of imy charge or complairft. The Board meets two days before the annual com- munication of Grand Lodge at the place appointed for holding the same ; the meeting of the Board may be ad- journed for further consideration of the business before it ; and a meeting of the Board may also be convened at other times by command of the Grand Master or of the President. The Board has charge of the finances of Grand Lodge, examines all demands upon it, and, when found correct, orders the Grand Treasurer to discharge them, and it submits an estimate of expenses for tho next ensuing year. The Board has full power to inspect all books and papers relating to the accounts of the Grand Lodge, and give orders foi any alterations that may be considered desirable. The Board may summon the Grand Treasurer, Grand Registrar, Grand Secretary, or other officer or brother having possession of any books, papers, documents or accounttf belonging to the Grand T^odge, to attend the 50 BOABI) OF OENKUAL PITRPOSKS. * Board, and the Board may give such directiouH hh may be deemed necessary rogarditig them. The Hoard has the direction of everything relatiu)t^ to the buildings, furniture and regalia of (inind Lodge, and may suggest any alterations and improvements. The Board causeH the necessary preparatiotiS to be made for the comnmnications of Orand Lodge, as well as for days of festivals, public ceremonies and other meet- ings. It also gives orders for all the usual and ordinary articles which may be required for Urand Lodge ; but no extraordinary expense of any kind can be incurred with- out the previous sanction of Grand Lodge. The Board has likewise the care and regulation of all the concerns of the Grand Lodge, and may recommend for its adoption whatoviT it shall deem necessaiy or ad- vantageous to the welfare and good government of the i:raft ; and may originate plans for the better regulation of the Grand Lodge, and the arrangement of its general transactions. On the day preceding the meeting of Grand Lodge the Board appoints three Masters or Past Masters of warranted Lodges as a Committee on Credentials, who attend within the porch of Grand Lodge at the annual communication, for the purpose of guarding, with the assistance of the Grand Pursuivant, against the admis- sion of any but those who are qualified, and properly clothed and are in all respects entitled to admission. The three brethren so appointed are assisted by three Grand Stewards of the year. The Board also prepares or causes to be prepared, all such blank forms as, from time to time, may be required, in accordance with the constitution. I 4 BOOKS. 51 » li The actual expensea of the memberH of the l^oarcl of (Umeral PurpoHes, attending the meetings of the Hame are paid hy (Jrund liodge. Seven members of the Board constitute u (juorum. All (|UeBtion8 are decided by a majority of votes, the pre- siding ollicer, in case of e([uality, having a second vote. No recommendation, petition, or representation of any kind is received by the Board, unless it be in writing, and signed by the person or persons addressing the Board. All communications from the Board to the (Jrantl Master, (Jrand Lodge, or other boards or committees, or any private Lodge, or brother, must be made in writing. The Board proceeds to the consideration of any special ♦ matter which may be referred to it by the Grand Mas- ter or Grand liodge, in preference to other business. The Board may ap[-oint sub-committees from amongst its members for specific purposes, who must report to the Board. All transactions and resolutions of the Board are en- tered in a minute book by the Grand Secretary. BOOKS. The books required to be kept by Lo^lges are as fol- lows : 1. A Minute Book. ' ' 15. A Register. 3. An Attendance Book. 4. A Book of By-laws. ' . 5. Account Books. The Minute Book should contain the minutes of the proceedings of the Lodge at all meetings, together with such transactions of the Lodge as are proper to be written. 52 nooKs. ;r • I J In the Register, should be entered the nameK of all the members of the Lodge, and of all persons initiated or admitted therein j with the dates of their j)roposal, aSliU ALIKKUTIONS. — rUOrOSl NO MEM- HKllS. — QUALIFICATIONS. — RKJECTION. A candidate is a person who has been proposed, and is an applicant for initiation into the mysteries of Free- masonry. After he has been initiated, he is no longer a candidate, but has become a brother. When he applies for the second degree, he is '* a candidate for advance- ment," and when he applies for the third degree he is "a candidate for fui'ther advancement." Every candidate must be properly pro})Osed at a regu- lar meeting of the Lodge. This is done by the presentation of a declaration or application (sometimes called petition), signed by the candidate and recommended by two brethren. The form of this application will be found in the Appendix. Every candidate must be free-born, of mature age, and his own master, and known to be in re^jutable circum- stances. He must be able to read and write. He should be physically capable of complying with all the require- ments of the degrees. The Ancient Charges say that he should be " a perfect youth, having no maim or defect in his body." A candidate who can comply Utb. 'ly with all the ceremonies of the work of Grand Lodge and who is mentally and morally worthy of admission is a fit subject to be made a Mason. He should be a lover of the liberal atts and sciences, and have made some progress in one or the other of them. He must have resided one year in the jurisdiction of the Lodge to which he seeks admission, or otherwise he 58 CANVASSINrjl must produce a certificate of character from the Lodge nearest to the place of his [)ieviou8 residence. He cannot be initiated in any but the nearest Lodge, unless by dispensation of the Grand Master ; except in a town or city where there is more than one I.odge, in which case each Lodge has concurrent jurisdiction. After a candidate has been proposed, a committee is to be appointed by the Master to make incjuiries into hi» character. His name, age, addition or profession and place of abode, arc to bo sent to all the members of the Ludge, in the summons for the next regular meeting, which is held not less than four weeks from the date of the ap- i)licatiou. If the report of the committee on character is favor- able to the candidate, he must then be balioted for, and if accepted, he may be initiated, but should the report be unfavorable, he shall be considered a rejected candidate. Every candidate on his initiation shall solemnly prom- it-e to submit to the Constitution, and to conform to all the usages and regulations of the Crnft. He must sign the by-laws of the Lodge, a copy ot which, together with a copy of the Constitutio'i of the Grand Lodge, shall then be presented to him. A rejected candidate cannot be balloted for in the same, or any other Lodge, within twelve months from the time of his n jection." CAl«VASSliWO. The practice of canvassing or soliciting votes is entirely opposed to the spirit of Freemasonry. Brethren should cast their votes or deposit their ballots without solicita- tion, and solely as their sense of duty demands. (CERTIFICATE. 59 It is unmasonic to canvass for the puri)Ose of eViauring an iinfavorablt! ballot. Any brother who solicits another to vote against a candidate is liable to Masonic discipline. Canvassing or electioneering for office in Masonry is objectionable and unmasonic. Merit and ability alone are the true grounds of preferment among Masons. Kvery brother should cast his vote against the party who resorts to such improper methods for the purpose of obtaining otHce. CENSURE. of Character See AITENDIX. For Certificate of Withdrawal. See lUMir. Foi- Certificate for Past Masters. See PAST MASl'KR. For Certificate for l^ife- Members. See lifkmkm- BEIISHIK CHAIR. See MASTER. At a Lodge meeting, the Chair is taken, as of right, by the Master, If the Master is not present, the Chair is taken by the immediate Pa.st Master. If the immediate Past Master is not present, the Chair is taken by the next immediate Past Master of the Lodge present. If no Past Master of the Lodge is present, the Senior Warden, or, in his absence, the Junior Warden, may rule the Lodge, but not confer degrees. The Chair cannot be taken by any one who has not been installed into it. If a Warden is to preside, he takes his position on a seat in front of the Master's Chair and from it " rules " the Lodge. In the absence of all these officers, namely, the Master, Past Masters, Senior and Junior Wardens, the Lodge can- not be opened. If any one of these otficers is present, and also a Past Master of anothe 'Odge, the visiting Past Master may I 64 CHARACTKK. I'! he invited to art aa Master. He may then take the CliHir and may confer dej^reeH or perform any other ceremony. €IIAPLAI!V. See OKKK.'KIIH. The office of Chaplain is on<^ which Lodges are per- mitted to liave, if they choose. Tlie duties of the oflice do not appear to he strictly defined, although they may he apecitied by the V)ydaws of the Lodge. Lodges may provide, in their bydaws, that a Chaplain shall he one of the uflicers of the liodge. In such Lodges, the Chaplain is to he annually elected at the same time as other ehictive oHicers. He then holds his office until his successor shall have been didy elected and installed. He is liable to removal for cause in the same manner as the other officers. An Kntered Apprentice is not eligil>le to be elected to tlie office of Chaplain ; nor is a Fellow Craft ; as the duties of the office are retjuired in the third degree as much as in the first or second ilegroes. €I1ARAC:TER. The character of a man who wishes to become a Free- mason should undergo the strictest scrutiny. No person can regularly be made a Freemason or ad- mitted a member of any Lodge without due enquiry into his character. The persons made Masons, and admitted members of a Lodge, must be good and true men, free-born, and of mature and discreet age and sound judgment ; no bond- men, no women, no immoral or scandalous men, but of good report t'HAIKJKS. fir> The candidate should he a man of strict morality ; he flhonld \n' humane, henevohmt and charitahje to his fel- low-crentuicH ; lu' innct Ite no ganihlei-, tippler nor pro- lttn«5 swearer ; he should be a lover of decency and order, and he should he strictly honest, imltistriousand upright in all his conduct. After a candidate has been proposed for initiation, a committee is appointed V»y the Masb-rto nuike«the neces- sary en<|nirie.s into his character. These euipiiries should he faithfully made, and the result should be impartially reported to thointed for the trial thereof : Provided always, that the accused sliall be entitled to reasonable time and opportuni- ty to prepare his defence. If the accused shall neglect or refuse to attend in |ter- son, or by some brother authorized in writing to act as his counsel, after notice has been duly served on him, or if notice cannot V»e served on him personally by reason of his residence being unknown or beyond the limits of the district in which the Lodge is located, then a copy of such notice shall be sent to him by mail, addressed to him at his last known place of residence, or left at his last known place of residence, or with a grown-up mem- ber of his family ; and upon proof that the notice has been sent to him, or left for him as above prescribed, the Lodge, at the time in such notice specified, may proceed without his presence, and conduct the proceedings to a final issue ; Frovided, that at least one regular meeting shall intervene between the time of mailing, sending or leaving such notice, and any action by the Lodge in pur- suance thereof. In such cases the Lodge shall appoint a competent brother to act as counsel for, or representative of, the accused. In every case where a flagrant offence shall be com- mitted by any Mason present while the Lodge is at labor, the foregoing rules requiring notice and delay may be dispensed with, and the Master may order the offending brother to show cause instanter why he should not be punished, and may, in his discretion, proceed or permit the Lodge to ])roceed to trial and suspension, A charge may be preferred against an unaffiliated Mason. No brother by his withdrawal from active mem- ()8 OLANDESTTNE. berehip can release himself from the responsibility of his obligations to the Craft. He may be dealt with by any Lodge within whose jurisdiction he resides. A charge of unmasonic conduct may be preferred against a brother who is suspended for nonpayment of dues. It may be brought in the Lodge from which he was sus- pended, or, if he lives elsewhere, in the Lodge where he resides. If a brother who is suspended for unmasonic conduct commits an offence which renders him liable to expulsion, a charge may be preferred against him for the subsequent offence, with a view to his expulsion. This charge should be brought in the Lodge within whose jurisdiction he re- sides. H CHARTER. See WARRANT. CLANDESTINE. See HEALING. A clandestine Lodge is an illegal or irregular Lodge, and the members of such a body are clandestine Masons. When a number of Masons attempt to form a Lodge without the consent of the Grand Lodge or Grand Mas- ter, the body so formed is styled " clandestine." If a Lodge, which has been regularly constituted, continues to work after its dispensation has been withdrawn, or has expired ; or after its warrant has been revoked ; it is clandestine. In the AncieQt Charges, it is said that no new Lodge can be formed without the permission of the Grand Master. Begular Masons are forbidden to attend any clandes- tine Lodge ; nor can they associate with the members of CLOTHING. 69 a clandestine Lodge as brethren, or converse with them on Masonic subjects. A brother who has been concerned in making Masons clandestinely, or at a Lodge which is not a regular Lodge, or for small or unworthy considerations, or who may as- sist in forming a new Lodge without the Grand Master's authority, can not be admitted as a member, nor even as a visitor, into any regular Lodge, nor partake of the gen- eral charity or other Masonic privilege, till he make due submission and obtain grace. CLOTHING. Masonic clothing is the term used to express the pe- culiar regalia or insignia worn by Masons in Lodge, or when appearing in public as members of the Craft. It constitutes the distinguishing mark by which Masons are separated from all other classes or societies of men ; and it is peculiar to themselves. In old times, a Mason was said to be properly clothed, when he wore white leathern gloves, a white apron and the jewel of his Masonic rank. The proper Masonic clothing and insignia to be worn by Masons are fully detailed in the Book of Constitution. The aprons, collars and jewels of all the grades of Masonry from Entered Apprentice to Grand Master are there specified minutely. No brother is entitled to be admitted into the Grand Lodge or any subordinate Lodge without his proper clothing. An E. A. must wear the apron of that degree while being "passed" to the second degree, and a F. C. must wear the apron of that degree while being " raised." 70 COMMirrEE. i No honorary, or other jewel or emblem can he worn in CJrand Lodge, or any subordinate Lodge, which shall not aj>pertain to or be consistent with those degrees which are recognised and acknowledged by the Grand Lodg*". The degrees recognised by Grand Lodge are Entered Apprentice, Fellow Cratt, Master Mason, and the Royal Arch. Members of a Lodge, who are Uoyal Arch Masons, may wear in Lodge the jewels of the Uoyal Arch, but not the apron or sash. A brother from a foreign juristiiction may appear as a visitor, weaving the clothing recognised by his own Grand Lodj^e. Masons are not allowed to appear in public clothed in any of the jewels or badges of the Craft, without the permission of the Grand Master, or District Deputy Grand Master ; except at Masonic funerals, the urgency of which will not admit of the delay necessary to com- municate with the proper authorities. Any brother who attends a public procession (except a Masonic funeral), clothed as a Mason, without proper permission, is liable to be rendered incapable of ev^r after being an officer of a Lodge, and he may also be ex- cluded from the benefit of the general charity. If any Lodge so offend, it is liable to suspension. COIIIiniTTfiE. See OIIAKACTER.— PROPOSING MEMBERS. The Ancient Charges say, "You are not to hold private committees or separate conversation in the Lodge without leave from the Master." This regulatiori is meant to [iroserve due decorum, during the Lodg' aeeting, and for- COMMI'lTKE. 71 bids select conversations between two or more mombera in which the other members are not permitted to join. The appointment of a committee to investigate the character of every candidate for initiation is an absolute necessity. It is required as a safeguard again*t the ad- mission of impro[)er persons, and no dispensation can be issued to suspend or do away with this committee. The candidate cannot be balloted for, until after the committee has reported to the Lodge in his favor. If the committee report unfavorably, the candidate is rejected without ballot. Lodges may appoint committees from among their niein bers for the better working of the affairs of the Lodge. These committees may be either special or general. A special committee is usually appointed to consider some particular matter referred to it by the Lodge, or to transact some particular piece of business directed to be done by the Lodge. Thus, a special committee may be appointed to arrange a difference between two brothers ; to take the evidence in a Masonic trial ; to invest the surplus funds of the Lodge ; to arrange for a festival ; or to procure new furniture, &&, *kc. The Master has the light to appoint all Standing Com- mittees except the Auditors. The Lodge has the right to appoint all Special Committees. The Lodge, however, may waive this right and ask the Master to naaie any special committee. The committee on the character of a candidate must be appointed by the Master. The committee to audit the accounts of the Lodge at least once a year, must be appointed by the Lodge. The general committees are usually specified in the by-laws, and it is customary for the by-laws to provide 72 COMPLAINT. liiji that these committees ahall be appointed by the Mauter on the night of his installation. The usual committees thus provided for are, an Audit Committee, a Charitable Committee, and a Sick Com- mittee. The duties of the Audit Committee are to examine all accounts presented to the Lodge, and to certify to their correctness or otherwise ; to examine the books and vouchers of the Treasurer and Secretary, and to report as directed. The Charitable Committee are to enquire into all ap- plications for relief, and report the result to the Lodge. Sometimes they are given power to relieve to a limited amount in urgent cases. The Sick Committee enquire into all cases of sickness, which may be communicated to them, and report to the Master such cases as may require assistance to be rendered. comiMrivicATioivs. See MEETINGS. COMPLAINT. See CHARGES. —TKIAL. A complaint involves a charge and is more properly treated under that head. All complaints should be made in writing, and should contain *he same definite particu- lars as a charge. The foundation of the rules for the trial of Masonic complaints is found in the following provision in the An- cient Charges : — ** If any complaint ba brought, the brother found guilty shall stand to the award and determination of the Lodge, who are proper and competent judges of all such coutro- CIIIMK8 78 versies (unless you carry them by appeal to the (jlrand Lodge), and to whom they ought to be referred, unless a lord's work be hindered the meanwhile, in which cas»3 a particular reference may b«^ made ; but you must never goto law about what ooucerneth Masonry, without an absolute necessity apparent to the Lodge." c^onfirihatioiv. Of Minutes. See minutes. Of Election of Master. See masteu. COIVISTITUTIIVC)} NEW LODGE. See NEW lod(;e. CONiSTlTUTlOiy. The Book of Constitution contains the rules and regu- lations of the Craft ; an exposition of the duties of officers, the rights of members, and the detail of ceremonies to be used on various occasions, such as consecrations, instal- lations, funerals, &c. It is a summary of ad the funda- mental principles of Freemasonry, and the law by which the members of the fraternity ai'e governed. The Constitution can only be altered or amended after a year's notice, and then by a two-thirds majority. Every Mason, on his initiation, must solemnly promise to submit to the Constitution, and a copy of the Consti- tution is then to be presented to him. Every Lodge must provide a copy of the Constitution for each brother initiated therein. CONVICTION. See TRIAL. CRIMES. See OFFENCES. 74 DECISION. DEATHS. See OFFICERS. On the doath of the Grand Master, the Deputy Grand Master assumes the functions of Grand Master until the next annual election. Should the Deputy Grand Master die previous to such election, the Grand Wardens immediately summon a Grand Lodge to elect a Grand Master. On the death of a Master of a Lodge, the Senior War- den, or, in his absence, the Junior Warden, acts as Master in summoning the Lodge until a new Master is elected. DEBATE. See MINUTES. — RULES OF ORDER. The debate on any question before a Lodge begins af- ter the potion is made. All debates are under the direction of the Master, sub- ject to any rules governing them which may be provided in the by-laws of the Lodge. DECISION. See BALLOT. — TRIAL. — JUDGMENT. The majority of the members present at any Lodge duly summoned have an undoubted right to regulate their own proceedings, provided that they are consistent with the general laws and regulations of the Craft ; no member, therefore, is permitted to enter in the Minute Book of his Lodge a protest against any resolution or proceeding which may have taken place, unless it appears to him to be contrary to the laws and usages of the Craft, and for the purpose of complaining or appealing to a higher Ma< 8onic|authority. I)K(iREKS. 75 The docision of the members of a Ijodge, on the appli- cation of a brother for membership, or on the proposition of a candidate for initiation, must be ascertained by bal- lot. The ballot is also used at tlio election of oHicers. DECLARATIOIV. See PROPOSING mkmhers. Every candidate for initiation must subscribe his name, at full length, to a declaration, contiining certain particulars required by the (Constitution. Any individual who cannot write is consequently in- eligible to be admitted into the Fraternity. For the form of this Declnration, see Appendix. OEOREES. The degrees of Ancient Craft Masonry are three in number, namely, Entered Apprentice, Fellow Craft, and Master Mason. (For information a3 to each of these degrees, see the respective titles.) An interval of one month must elapse between the conferring of each degree. A higher degree in Masonry is not to be conferred on any brother at a less interval than one mouth from his receiving a previous degree, except by dispensation from the Grand Master, nor in any case until he has passed an examination in open Lodge in such previous degree. No brother can obtain a Grand Lodge Certiticate if he has been admitted to more than one degree of Masonry on the same day, or at a shorter interval than one month from his receiving a previous degree, unless by dispen- sation from the Grand Master. 76 DIM IT. A brother who has been initiated at the regular meet- ing in June, occurring previous to the Festival of St. Jclin, cannot receive the second degree on St. John's Day. If he has been initiated on St. John's Day, he cannot receive the second degree at the next regular meeting. The same rule applies to the meetings in December, and also to the interval between the second and third degrees. One lunar month or four weeks must elapse in each case, unless the time is shortened by dispensation. The degrees are not to be conferred on two or more candidates together. They should be given to each can- didate by himself. The Master, being responsible for the work, may allow any brother to assist him in conferring the degrees. The obligations, however, are not to be administered by any one but an installed Master. M DEMIT. See DiMiT. DIMIT. A Mason is said to dimit from the Order when he withdraws from all connexion with it. He is then re- lieved from his pecuniary obligations, and he loses his rights as a Lodge member. He is not relieved from his other Masonic obligations, and his moral conduct re- mains, as before, under the control of the Fraternity. A dimitted Mason may be tried for unmasonic conduct, and suspended or expelled, notwithstanding his withdrawal. The proceedings against him may be taken in the Lodge within whose jurisdiction he residea DIMIT. 77 A (limit is the certificate issued to a brother on his withdrawal from \m Lodge, when ho is dismissed from membership at his own request. . Whenever a member of any Lodge resigns, or whenever he may require it, he is to be furnished with a certificate of his standing ; and such certificate is to l>e produced to any other Lodge, of which he is proposed to be admitted a member, previous to the ballot being taken. Should he be indebted to the Lodge, the certificate can state the fact. If the brother has held any ofiice, his rank or past rank may be inserted in the certificate. In case the original dimit is lost, the Lodge may grant a duplic"i« dimit, on receiving proper evidence of the loss of the original. When a resolution is })asBed by a Lodge granting a dimit to a brother, he becomes an unafiiliated Mason. If he wishes to be readmitted to membership, he must be proposed and balloted for as a joining member. A dimit may be issued without waiting for the con- firmation of the minutes of the meeting at which the resolution granting it was passed. Tlie resolution takes effect from the time of its adoption, and the brother is unaffiliated from that time. The dimit is the furnial evidence of the brother's withdrawal, and it may be issued at any time after the resolution is passed, and either before or after the minutes are confirmed. It may not be issued until the brother requires it, but his membership ceases on the adoption of the resolu- tion granting the diiuit, whether it is ever issued or not. When a Lodge has granted a dimit to a brother, it cannot re-admit him to membership without a fresh pro- position and bt)tllot. 78 DIMIT. hi A Lodge should not refuse to grant a dimit to a mem- ber without bome good reason for such refusal. A brother, who is in good standing, and who has paid up his dues, is entitled to a dimit if hv- reipiosts it. It' the Lodge re- fuses to grant it, the brother is not liable for dues after the time he applies for his dimit. After a dimit is granted, it cannot be withheld because ii charge is subsequently preferred .igainst the brother. If a brother, who is in arrears for dues, applies for his dimit, and the Lodge grants it, and at the same time in- structs the Secretary to hold it until the dues are paid up, the brother is unaihliated, and cannot regain membership except by a fresh proposition and ballot. A dimit may be issued to a brother who is in arrears for dues, and in such a case the dimit should state the fact that he is in arrears. A dimit must be applied for, either personally by the brother himself in open Lodge, or by a written request signed by the brother, and sent to the Lodge, No brother can lose his paembership without his own consent, except by suspension or expulsion; therefore the Lodge should be satisfied, before a dimit is granted, that the brother him- self wishes it. If one brother asks for a dimit to be grant- ed to an absent brother, he should produce to the Lodge a written authority from the absent brother for making the request, and this authority should be filed with the Secre- tary as the evidence upon which the dimit was granted. When a brother asks for his dimit, and in his applica- tion states his reason for his request, the Lodge may order that such reason should be stated in the dimit. For in- stance, if the brother states that he no longer believes in the existence of Deity, and assigns that as his reason for asking for a dimit, the Lodge should direct that the dimit DIMIT. 79 ■houM BtAte that he is dincharged from membership at hi8 own re(|ue8t for the reason stated. One lirothor may ask for the dim it of another brother who is present in Lodge at the time the request is made. In such a case, the presumption is that the reijuest is made l>y authority, if not contradicted by the brother on whose behalf it is made. A brother in good standing is entitled to his dimit, and the Lodge cannot properly refuse it. Jf, however, when the request for the dimit is made, any brother states that it is his intention to prefer a chargt; against the applicant, the Lodge may properly, and should, delay action, and give the brother a reasonable time to prepare his charge, not later than the next regular Lodge meeting. When the charge is made, if the applicant repeats his rr({UC'St, a certificate of withdrawal should be issued to him. This certificate should state the fact that such a cliarge (naming it) has been preferred, and is now pend- ing investigation. There is nothing wrong in this, as the applicant may be tried for his offence, and 8U8i)ended or .expelled, whether he is a member of the Lodge or not. If no charge is preferred within a reasonable time, the applicant is entitled to a certificate that he left in good standing. A brother suspended by a private Lodge must, in order to obtain his dimit or certificate of standing, apply to that Lodge for restoration in the usual manner, sis laid down in the regulations for the government of Masonic trials. It is necessary that a resolution should be passed by the Lodge to authorize the issue of a dimit. The Master of a Lodge has no right to issue a dimit without the sanction of the Lodge. A dimit is a formal document, 80 DISPKNSATION. under the seal of tlio Lodge, and signed by the Master and Secretary. It expresses that the brother has resigned his memborsliip, and it is given and accepted as a docu- ment issued not by the Master, or by any particular person, but by the Lodge, and it is authenticated as the action of the Lodge by the proper executive officers. A Lodge can act only by resolution, and therefore it is necessary that a resolution should be passed by the Lodge granting the request of the brother, before his dimit can be issued,, The Master cannot grant a dimit j it must be granted by the Lodge. (For the form of a Dimit, see Appendix.) DI8CIPL.11VE. See TRIAL. DI§PE97SATIOIV. A dispensation is an instrument or document issued to legalize an act or ceremony which would be illegal with- out it. It is a permission to do some act which, without such permission, is not allowed by the Constitutions and Usages of the Order. The power of granting dispensations is vested so. .y in the Grand Master or his representative. This power is not supposed to be oxercised except on special occasions, and for good and sufficient reason;, The principal occa- sions which arise for the exercise of the dispensing powers are the formation of new Lodges, th'^ initiation of candidates in some spacial manner, the conferring of degrees at short intervals, the election or installation of officers at a special time, and the appearance of Masons in p blic processions. II DTSPRNSATION. 81 The Grand Master has authority to grant (lispensati^ji.* for the following purposes, namely : To authorize the requisite number of brethren to meet as a Lodge until the next annual communication of Grand Lodge ; to authorize the Grand Secretary to issue a Grand Tx)dge Certificate to a brother who has been ad- mitcedge are complied with. He should satisfy himself that the situation of the proposed now Lodge is such as to afford a reasonable prospect of success. It should not be too near another Lodge, as it is far better to have one good Lodge tlian two poor ones. The population in the locality, and the quality of the material likely to bo brought forward, should also be considered. It is the duty of the District Deputy Grand Master to examine the brother named for Master of the new Lodge in the work, as he has to certify his qualifications in this respect to the Grand Master, and for that purpose he is authorized to summon that brother to attend him for euch examination, and to give him a certificate of qualification. He should ascertain and certify that they have a proper aud safe room in which to meet ; that they are supplied IMAGE EVALUATION TEST TARGET (MT-3) . <^ #> «>^' *►>. ' ^'^ v\ 92 DISTBICT DEPUTY GBAND MASTEBS. with all the necessary furniture and paraphernalia, and that these necessaries have been paid for, so as to afford the new Lodge a rf^asonable prospect of exemption from debt at its commencement, and that they will not need to be too anxious to make members to the injury of the Fraternity. When the dispensation is granted, it is the duty of the District Deputy Grand Master to constitute the new Lodge by the proper ceremonies, and set the brethren to work. It is the duty of the District Deputy Grand Master to ascertain that every proxy given by any Lodge in his Dis- trict has been properly granted. When convenient, he is to personally examine the books of the Lodge. In other cases, a certified copy of the minutes of the meet- ing at which the proxy was granted is to be sent to him immediately after the meeting. He is to see that the provisions of the Constitution respecting proxies have been strictly observed, that the delegate is a Master or Past Master entitled to a seat in Grand Lodge, that the proxy was passed in open Lodge, that the name of the delegate was written in the proxy before it was signed by the Master and Secretary, and that the delegate does not represent more than three Lodges. If he finds that there has been any abuse or irregularity, he is to proceed against the offenders and secure their punishment and he must report that this duty of inspection haa been properly performed by him. There are some other duties which are so closely con- nected with the powers of a District Deputy Grand Mas- ter, that they will be better noticed under that head. The distinction which we have made between powers and duties is founded upon the wording of the Constitution. The words " he may," &c., are indicative of a power ; and DISTRICT DEPUTY CRAND MASTERS. 98 " he shall," or " he is required to," point out a duty. His last official duty is to send in his repwt. He is to forward to the Grand Secretary an account of all his pro- ceedings, and of the state of the Craft in his District He is also to give a \\\st of the Lodges which have been formed in his District during the year, and forward the fees due thereon to the Grand Lodge. This report should be sent in at least fourteen days prior to the Annual Communication. By so doing, the work of the sub-com- mittee " on the condition of Masonry " can be put into shape for presentation to Grand Lodge, at an early period of the session ; and this would effect a great saving of time to all concerned. If these reports were forwarded, as the Constitution says they should be, they could be i)rinted in advance of the meeting, and distributed to the mem- bers at the opening of Grand Lodge. The members would then have time to consider the various suggestions which the experience of the District Deputy Grand Mas- ters enables them to make towards the improvement of the Craft ; and they could then vote more intelligently on these questions as they arise. III. — THEIR POWERS. District Deputy Grand Masters are members of Grand Lodge. They rank next after the Deputy Grand Master. When the Deputy Grand Master is presiding in a private Lodge, the District Deputy Grand Master is pl-'-ced on his right hand. The expense of procuring the regalia for the Distnct Deputy Grand Master is to he defrayed by the private Lodges in each District, and oach private Lodge shall de- fray the travelling expenses of the District Deputy Grand Master, to the extent of at least one visiu in each >^..;.Wi.Ht4«'y expulsion. Any brother who violates the secrecy of the ballot on candidates for initiation or membership, by stating how he voted or intended to vote, " 'I'nrw If- 1 j M I ■ 122 EXTINCT LODGES. or by endeavoring to ascertain how a brother voted, or if he should be aware and mention it to another brother, is liable to expulsion. No brother can be expelled from the Craft, until he hiifa been summoned to attend the Grand Lodge and show cause wiiy such sentence should not be recorded and enforced. This summons must be personally served on the accused brother, except in cases where he cannot be found, when it is autlicient service, if the summons is properly addressed, and sent by post to the last known place of residence of such brother. EXTINCT LODGES. When a Lodge becomes extinct, all its property, in- cluding its funds, jewels, warrant, books and all other paraphernalia, becomes the property of the Grand Lodge. T FEES. 123 FEES. See DUES. — BY-LAWS. The following are the fees payable to the Grand Lodge : For granting a new warrant, thirty dollars. For a dispensation for a new Lodge, twenty dollars. • For a warrant of confirmation, ten dollars. For a new warrant, in case of loss by fire or otherwise, properly certified, ten dollars. For a dispensation to initiate a candidate under twen- ty-one years of age, twenty dollars. For a dispensation to confer any degree in less time than one month, twenty dollars. For a dispensation authorizing a private Lodge to re- ceive and act upon a petition from a candidate for initia- tion, who resides outside the jurisdiction of that Lodge, ten dollars, payable by the candidate. For a dispensation for any public procession, one dollar. For a Grand Lodge Certificate, two dollars. For a Past-Master's certificate, one dollar. , For every person initiated in a Lodge, one dollar reg- istration fee. For every Entered Apprentice or Fellow Craft join- ing from without the jurisdiction, one dollar and fifty cents. For every Master Mason joining from another Lodge, fifty cents. For every Master Mason joining from without the ju- risdiction, one dollar. Every member of each Lodge is to pay toward the fund for Grand Lodge purposes, fifty cents per annum. 124 FEES. Jit 1 No Lodge can make a Mason for a less consideration than twenty dollars, nor on any pretence remit or defer the payment of any part of this sum. This does not extend to the making of serving brethren, who may be initiated, provided that no fee or reward in such case be taken, and that a dispensation from the Grand Master, or the District Deputy Grand Master, be first obtained. The whole of the initiation fee must be paid in cash before t^ie initiation, and it is the duty of the Master to see that it is paid. A Lodge has no power to remit the initiation fee to a candidate after he has been initiated, or after he has re- ceived the three degrees. Each Lodge is to make its returns and payments semi- annually to the Grand Secretary, and in case of neglect for more than one year to make such returns and pay- ments, or if the Lodge does not meet during that period, it is liable to be erased. The Master and Wardens, or other representative of any Lodge which shall have ne- glected for more than one year to make such returns and payments to the Grand Lodge, are thereby disqualified from attending the Grand Lodge, or sitting upon any committee until those returns and payments shall have been completed. To prevent injury to individuals, by their being ex- cluded the privileges of Masonry, through the neglect of their Lodges in not registering their names, any brother so circumstanced, on producing sufficient proof that he has paid the full fees of his Lodge, shall be capable of en- joying the full privileges of the Craft. J>ut the otTend- ing r^odge can be reported to the Grand' Lodge and rigor- ously proceeded against for neglecting to make the proper return, and detaining moneys which are the property oi T^^ FESTIVALS. 125 the Grand Lodge, and which have been paid to the Lodge for specific appropriation. FELLOW €RAFT. See ADVANCEMENT. — DEGK-iES. A brother who has been initiated at one regular meet- ing (say on the fifth of October), may be passed to the degree of a Fellow Craft at the next regular meeting, (say on the second of November). The period of one month required to have elapsed be- tween each degree is a lunar month, and not a calendar month. In passing a candidate to the Fellow Craft degree, when he first enters the Fellow Craft Lodge, he is clothed with the apron of an Entered Apprentice ; and during the ceremony of " Passing," he is invested with the apron of a Fellow Craft. There is no time limited within which a brother is obliged to take the degree of Fellow Craft ; and the Mas- ter of a' Lodge would not be justified in witholding the degree merely because the brother had not come for- ward to receive it at some previous time. A Fellow Craft may propose a candidate for initiation. He is entitled to bring in petitions for initiation, unless the By-laws of the Lodge provide otherwise. A Fellow Craft is not eligible to be elected to office, nor would his reception of the third degree prior to the time for installation, make his election legal. FESTIVALS. The festivals generally celebrated by Masons are those of St John the Baptist, on June 24th, and St. John the Evangelist, on December 27th. • 120 FREE-BORN. Where the By-laws of a Lodge provide that regular meetings are to be held on these festival days, it is pro- l)or to transact all ordinary business at these meetings. It is not proper to initiate, at a festival meeting, a can- didate who has been proposed at the regular meeting immediately preceding the festival, because the constitu- tional period of four weeks from the application will not have elapsed. Similarly, a brother who has been initiated or passed at the regular meeting, immediately preceding a festival, could not properly bo passed or raised at the festival meeting, because one month must elapse between each degree. rilVAlWCES. See ACCOUNTt<,—AirDrr.— FUNDS. FI1VF.8. A pecuniary fine*is not generally recognized as a Masonic punishment. Some other societies impose fines for non-attendance or neglect of duty ; but Masons are bound to the discharge of their duties by a motive more powerful than any which could be furnished by the fear of the imposition of a pecuniary penalty. To allow a breach of these obligations to be satisfied by a money payment, would be to detract from their solemnity and their binding nature. If li't m 1^ FORTTIS. ^ See APPENDIX, FREE-BORIV. Every candidate for initiation must be free-born, and his own muster, and known to be in reputable circum- FUNERAL. 127 * stances. The Ancient ChargoB say that " the persona made M aeons and admitted members of a I^odge nmst be gocid and true men, free-V>onj, and of raaturt; and rlis- creet age and sound jndyment, no bondmen, no women, no imtiiural or scandalous men, but (jf good rejtoit." The necessity for the requirement of freedom of birth and action arises from the fact that the candidate for ad- jnission enters into a solemn contract, which could not be made by any one who is not master of his own actions ; nor could those who are enslaved either in body or mind perform the duties of Masonry with that freedom and zeal which the laws of the Fraternity require. FUNDS. See A(J< :OUNTS,^ — AUDiro RS— TR K ASrUKli. The funds of the Lodge are in charge of the Treasurer. He receives all moni^ys from the Secretary, and pays them out only on the order of the Master, countersigned by the Secretary. All moneys received or paid out on accoimt of the Lodge must be entered in proper books of account by the Secretary and Treasurer respectively, and the accounts of the Lodge are to be duly avidit(id at least once a year by the auditors, who must report such audit to the Lodge without delay. The By-laws of a Lodge generally provide that no part of the funds of the Lodge shall be expended (except for ordinary expenses), unless one month's notice of motion has been given for such expenditure. FVIVERAI.. See BUR[AL. A Lodge of emergency for the purpose of attending the funeral of a deceased brother may be called at any time iji 'II n^ iiifi'ii'^ 128 ' FUNERAL. without the usual seven days' notice, by the authority of the Master, or, in his absence, by the Senior Warden, or, in his absence, by the Junior Warden, but not without such authority. Brethren may api)ear at a Masonic funeral clothed as Masons. A dispensation is not necessary to be obtained for this purpose, where the urgency of the case will not admit of the delay necessary to communicate with the Grand Master or District Deputy Grand Master. A deceased brother, who was a resident in the jurisdic- tion and not affiliated with some Lodge, is not entitled to the honors of a Masonic funeral. Those brethren who had not attained to the degree of a Master Mason are not entitled to have a Masonic funeral. Master Masons in good standing have the right to be buried with the honors of Masonry ; but where the funeral is conducted and the expenses thereof defrayed by another Lodge than that to which the deceased bro- ther belonged, the Lodge performing the ceremony has no claim upon the other Lodge for the expenses of the funeral, unless such expenses were authorised to be in- curred by a resolution of the latter Lodge. A Masonic funeral is conducted by Masons only. No other Society can be allowed to take part in a Masonic ceremony. Lodges are not allowed to make arrange- ments with any other Society to have a joint or mixed funeral. Brethren cannot appear as a Lodge, or clothed as Masons, on funeral occasions, unless the burial rites are performed under the exclusive control of the Lodge, and according to the procedure laid down in the Book of Con- stitution, which allows only the addition of the funer- \ ■^•■" FUNERAL. 129 al services of the church to which the deceased be- longed. When a Lodge is summoned to attend a Masonic fune- ral, it is opened in the usual form, and the reason for its assembling is stated by the Master. The Lodge is then ♦' called ofl*," for the jiurpose of attending the funeral. A procession is formed, according to the Constitution, under the supervision of the director of ceremonies, and the brethren proceed to the room where the body of the deceased lies. The brethren take charge of the re- mains, and the first part of the service is conducted according to order. The procession is then re-formed, and proceeds to the grave, where the service is completed. The brethren then return to the Lodge room in the same order as at first, and the Lodge is " called on," and after- wards closed in due form. It is compulsory at funerals to carry the volume of the Sacred Law. It is an essential part of the Lodge, which cannot be dispensed with, unless by a forfeiture of the Masonic character. It should be borne by the oldest member of the Lodge. In returning from the grave to the Lodge, the order of the procession is not inverted. After the service, the procession is re-formed in its first order, and returns to the Lodge room in the same order in which it started, opening out, of course, at the entrance, in the usual manner, and allowing the Master, &a, to pass through and enter first. mfm- 180 GENRIIAL BUSINESS. m 44i:Nf:RAL BVSIIVEiS. iSw OHDKIt OK HUHINKSS.--m)|,l',S OK OKI»KK. Ail the ordinary iMisinotiH of tlio Ij4> •' 146 HONORARY MEMBERS. i: ;li.!! \4 f ' No brother can become a member of a Lodge except by ballot, and this rule applies to honorary membership, as well as to ordinary membership. A Lodge cannot, by resolution or open vote, make an ordinary member an honorary member. A Lodge cannot, by resolution or open vote, make a Past Mastef or a member of another Lodge an honorary member. Any such resolution is illegal, and consequently void, and although such a resolution might be acted upon for a number of years, the lapse of time would not cure the defect. Lodge membership can only be obtained in a certain way, and although the Lodge may have treated a brother as a member, he is not really a member, unless he has been regularly admitted by ballot, and not by resolution. It has been decided that the election of a brother as an honorary member, expressed at the time of election, to be with full privileges of ordinary members, confers all the rights and privileges of ordinary membership, includ- ing the rip;ht of voting, and that an honorary member so elected is not required to pay dues, if afterwards elected to office. Honorary members, who have been elected to office, are entitled to hold their offices, if they were elected honorary members with the full privileges of ordinary members conferred at the time of election, otherwise not. It is a matter of no consequence whether the brother was a paying member or not, at the time of his election as an honorary member, unless the By-laws of the Lodge provide otherwise. At the expiration of the term of office, the brother resumes his former position as an honorary member, and 5 1 HONORARY MEMRERS. 147 ' i it would not be necessary for the Lodge to again declare him an iionorary member, nor that he should again be balloted for as an honoiary member. An honorary member, if hv is a Past Ma^ster, is eligi- ble for office in the Grand Lodge, whether he was elected an honorary member witli lull privilegen or not. A Past Master, who is elected an honorary [member without full privileges, is eligible for office in the Grand Lodge, but not in the subordinate Lodge, of which he is an honorary member. A brother may resign his honorary membership the same as he can resign liis ordinary membership. If he resigns his ordinary membership, he can only resxime that membership in a certain way. He must be again pro- posed, balloted for, and accepted. The same rule applies to cases of honorary member- ship. If a member, in any way, loses his honorary membership, it can bo re-conferred on him only by a fresh proposal and a favorable ballot. As to Honorary membership in Grand Lodge, the Grand Lodge may by a two-thirds vote constitute any brother of eminence and ability who has rendered service to the Craft and who hails from a foreign jurisdiction an honorary member of Grand Lodge with such rank and distinction as it may deem appropriate, and may by a like vote, in recognition of eminence, ability and services rendered, confer upon any of its own members such rank and distinction as it may deem appropriate. HONORS. The Grand honors are as follows : Niw. for Grand Master and for Past Grand Masters. 148 HONORARY MEMBERS. ]■■■ ,§ , •■ 1 ! ; . . f ■ I \ ^ i ' I i 1^ -S'eww for Deputy Grand Master, District Deputy Grand Masters, Past Deputy Grand Masters, and Fast District Deputy Grand Masters. Five for all other elected Grand Otiicera, and elected Past Grand Officers, and Three for all other distinguished brethren. INFORMATION. 149 ILLEOAL BY-LAWS. See BY-T.AWS. 1L.LEOAL. SV8PENSION. See SUSPENSION. ILLlTERATi: PERSONS. See CANDIDATE. Illiterate persons cannot be made Masons. Every Candidate for initiation must subscribe his name to the declaration or application for admission ; so that any individual who cannot write is consequently in- eligible to be admitted into the order. INELIGIBILITY. See CANDIDATE —ELIGIBILITY.— QUALIFICATIONS. INFORIHATION. One of the modes by which a stranger may be recog- nised as a true brother is the receipt of " lawful informa- tion " from a third party. No Mason can lawfully give information of another's qualifications, unless he has actually tested him by the strictest trial and examination, or knows that it has been done by another. It is not every Mason who is competent to give " law- ful information." Ignorant and unskilful brethren can- not do so, because they are incapable of discovering truth or detecting error. Such brethren should never attempt to examine a stranger, and, if they do, their opinion is worth nothing. If the information given is on the ground that the party who is vouched for has been seen sitting in a Lodge, the further inquiry should be made as to which degree ►*^.a.j.i v., i^. 150 INITIATION., the Lodge was O) en in, and the time that has elapsed fiince. A person might forget, and vouch for a stranger as a M. M., wh^n the Lodge in which he saw him was only opened in the first or second degree. Information by letter, or through a third party, is not satisfactory. The person giving the information, the one receiving it and the one of whom it is given should all be present together at the same time, in order that the identity of the applicant for recognition should be estab. lished with certainty. The information must be positive and not founded on the party's belief or oj)inion, but derived from a proper source and received for the very purpose of being used for Masonic matters, and as a voucher for a visiting brother in case of necessity. For one to say to another in the course of a casual con- versation, that such a person is a Mason is not sufficient. He may not be s})eaking with due caution, or under the expectation that his Avords will be taken as a voucher. He should say that he knows such a person (naming him, and identifyir.g him without possibility of mistake), to be a M. M., for such reasons (giving them), and that the party spoken to may safely recognise him as such. It is only by the observance of these precautions that the information is made of any value, and the greatest care should always b^ exercised in the reception of law- ful Masonic information. INITIATION. JSee BALLOT. — CANDIDATK. — ENTEllED APPRENTK^K. — MAIMED CANDIDATES, — PROPOSTN(S MEMBERS. *> Initiation is the entrance into the Fraternity of Free- masons, by the reception of the first degree of Free- masonry, called the degree of Entered Apprentice. INITIATION. 151 Initiation makes a man a Mason, and also a member of the Lodge initiating him. No person can be regularly initiated into Freemasonry, without previous notice and due inquiry into his charac- ter. The initiation of a candidate must take place in the Lodge nearest to his place of residence, unless by dispen- sation from the Grand Master, except in a place where there is more than one Lodge, in which case each Lodge has concurrent jurisdiction. A Lodge cannot initiate more than five new brothers in one day ; nor until they have been balloted tor and approved. It is highly improper and contrary to the usages of Masonry to initiate more than one candidate at the same . time. The fee for initiation cannot be less than twenty dol- lars, but it may be as much more as the Lodge chooses to fix by the By-laws. Serving brethren may be initiated without fee by dispensation from the Grand Master or District Deputy Grand Master. By initiation, the newly-made brother becomes a mem- ber of the Lodge in which ho is initiated, from the date of bis initiation, and he is then liable for the regular Lodge dues from that date. At initiation, every candidate must solemnly promise to submit to the Constitution, and to conform to all the usages and regulations of the Craft. He must also sign the By-laws of the Lodge, and a copy of them is then to be presented to him. Every Lodge must keep a registei of th*;* i^ames of all brethren initiated therein, and mast m^e a return o^ them to the Grand Lodge. 152 INSTALLATION. The Master of a Lodgo has the [)Ovver to refuse to in- itiate a candidate, if he deems it for the interest of the Lodge or the Craft to do so. He may repeat his refusal from time to time as long as he chooses. A Master should not initiate a candidate whom he deems to be un- woi ..hy. After a favorable ballot and before initiation, facts may come to be known regarding the character of the candidate which were not known at the time of the ballot, and whiih, if known then, might have caused his rejection, and the Master would be justified in revising to initiate under these circumstances. INSTALLATION. See MASTER.— OFFICERS. Installation is the ceremony of induction into office of those brethren who have been elected or appointed to official position. The officers of a Lodge miist be instal- led before they can proceed to discharge their official functions. The officers of a new Lodge are installed by the Grand Master, or District Deputy Grand Master, or by some Past Master appointed by the Grand Master to act for him. The installation of officers of all subordinate Lodges takes place on the day fixed by the By-laws for that pur- pose. If the installation does not take place on the pro- per day, a Dispensation must be obtained from the Granil Master to install subsequently. It is the usual custom to have the installation either on the festival of St. John the Baptist, June 24th, or on the festival of St. John the Evangelist, December 27th, and the election is held at the previous regular meeting. After the minutes of the election have been read and approved, the Master is installed by his immediate pre- m INSTALLATION. 153 decessor, or by some Past Master present, and he then installs his subordinate officeis. It is the prerogative of the retiring Master to instal his successor, but he may request any other' Past Master to perform the ceremony. As a part of his installation, the Master elect receives the degree of Past Master, which can only be conferred in the presence of a board of installed Masters, uud three are necessary to constitute a board. No brother is to be installed Master of a Warranted Lodge unless the installing board is fully cognizant of the fact that that brother is perfectly familiar 'with the du- ties of the Master, and is competent to perform the cere- mony of opening and of closing the Lodge in each degi'ee, and to confer the various degrees according to the estab- lished work. The installation ceremony can not be performed in public. When the Master of a Lodge is re-elected for a second consecutive term, there is no ceremony necessary on in- stallation. After the minutes of the election have been read and confirmed, the installing Master should ask the usual question : ** Brethren, are you still satisfied with your choice of Worshipful Master of your Lodge 1 " The reply being in the affirmative, the installing Master re- signs the Chair to the Master. The grand honors may then be given thrice, after which the Master proceeds with the installation and investment of the other officers. All officers hold their respective offices until their suc- cessors are installed. It is not legal to instal the Master of a Lodge under dispensation, but he may be installed as soon as the war^ raut ia granted by the Grand Lodge. The ceremony of r 154 INHTRUCTION. "constituting" u new Lodge should properly precede that of the inBtallation of its officers. A summary of the Ancient Charges and regulations is to bo read to the Master elect prior to his installation, and he is required to signify liis assent thereto. A Master elect cannot assume the Master's chair until he has been regularly installed. IIVS^iRUCTIOW. A Lodge of Instruction is an assembly of brethien congregated under the direction of a skilled brother, for the purpose of mutual improvement in Masonry. This is accomplished by the rehearsal of the work and lectures of each degree, and of other equally important matters, such as the examination of visitors, the duties of officei-s, the proper method to be used in the despatch of business, &c. Lodges of Instruction have no warrant of constitution and possess no Masonic power ; yet they are extremely useful as schools of preparation for the duties afterwards to be performed in the regular Lodge. No general Lodge of Instruction can be holden unless under the sanction of a regular warranted Lodge, or by the special license and authority of the Grand Master, or the District Deputy Grand Master. The Lodge giving this sanction, and the brethren to whom such license is granted, are answerable for the proceedings of such Lodge of Instruction, and responsible that the mode of working there adopted has received the sanction of Grand Lodge. Notice of the times and places of meeting of the Lodges pf iDstruotion is tp be given to the Grand Secretaiy. ^^^ili ;i INSTRUCTIONS. 155 Lodges of Instruction are to keep a mintite of all breth ren present at eacli meeting, and of brethren appointed to hold oflice, and such minute shall be produced when called for by the Grand Master, the District Deputy Grand Master, or Lodge granting the sanction. If a Lodge, whicli has given its sanction for a Lodge of Instruction being held under its warrant, shall see fit, it may, at any regular meeting, withdraw that sanction, by a resolution of the Lodge, to be communicated to the Lodge of Instruction : provided that notice of the inten- tion to withdraw the sanction be inserted in the summons for that meeting. A Loige may grant permission to hold a Lodge of instruction in any suitable room within its jurisdiction. 1j is not necessary for the Lodge to appoint any brother specially to superintend the work, but the permission to hold a Lodge of Instruction should only be granted to some well-skilled brother or brethren. There must be at least seven Master Masons present in order to open a Lodge of Instruction. Visitors may be admitted to a Lodge of Instruction in the same manner, and with the same precautions as are necessary for admission to an ordinary Lodge. UVSTRUCTIONS. The majority of the members of a Lodge, when con- gregated, have the privilege of giving instructions to the Master and Wardens, or other representative of the Lodge, or proxy, before the meeting of the Grand Lodge, and the representatives of the Lodge would be bound to vote and act in accordance with those instructions. In the absence of instructions from the Lodge, the representatives of the Lodge are permitted to use their iv :i} 166 IRREGULAR WORKS. own judgment, on all matters coniing before the Grand Lodge. INSURANCE. The jewela, Ijooks and furniture of the Lodge are vested in the Master and Wardens for the time being ; they are responsible for them, and it is their duty to see that they are properly insured against loss by fire. In the By-laws of many Lodges, special provision is made for insurance, and it is laid down as the duty of some particular officer to attend to that business, and if a loss should occur, there would be no difficulty in fixing the responsibility on the right party. Where there is no such special provision in the By- laws, the Master should see to the insurance of the Lodge property. Grand Lodges have repeatedly directed the attention of Lodges to the necessity of insurance as a protection from loss, and it is probable that Lodges will not receive any assistance from the Grand Lodge where this precau- tion has been neglected. IRREGULAR I.ODGE. See CLANDESTINE. IRREGULAR WORK. See HEALING. lEWKLS. 157 JEWESS. The emblems worn by the oflficers of Lodges, as dis- tinctive badges of their offices, are called jewels. They are distributed as follows : — Masters of Lodges The square. Past Masters The square and the diagram of the 47th prob. Ist book of Euclid, engraved on a bilver plate pendent within it. Senior Warden The level. Junior Warden The plumb. Chaplain A book on a triangle. Treasurer The key. Secretary The cross pens. Deacom. The dove. Director of Ceremonies The cross rods. Organist The lyre. Inner Guard The cross swords. Steward The cornucopia. Tyler The sword. All the above jewels to be of silver. The jewels and furniture of every Lodge belong to and are the property of the Master, Wardens and brethren of such Lodge. Nor can any jewel be worn in a Lodge, other than those specified for the officers, except such honorai)' or other jewel as shall appertain to, or be con- sistent with, those degrees which are recognized and acknowledged by the Grand Lodge. No honorary or other jewel or emblem can be worn in the Grand Lodge, or in any subordinate Lodge, which does not appertain to, or is consistent with, those degrees 158 JUNIOR WARDEN. which are recognized and acknowledged by the Grand Lodge. The degrees which are recognized and acknowledged by the Grand Lodge of Canada are: — 1. Entered Aj)- prentice ; 2. Fellow CJraft ; 3. Master Mason ; i. Royal Arch. Those are called the Degrees of Ancient Craft Masonry. JOINIMO. See AFFILIATION. JUDOMENT. See TRIAL. JUNIOR WARDEN. See OFFICERS. — wardens. In the absence of the Master, and the Senior Warden and all Past Masters, the Junior Warden may open and rule the Lodge, and transact all the general business of the Lodge ; but he cannot confer any degrees. It is the special duty of the Junior Warden to bring to trial all Masonic offenders, and he may avail himself of the assistance of any member of the J^dge who may prefer charges against an oft'ending brother, or who may feel called upon to assist in the prosecution. If the Master should die, or be removed, or be incap- able of discharging the duties of his office, and the Senior Warden be absent, the Junior Warden may act as Master in summoning the Lodge, until a new Master is elected. A Junior Warden is eligible to be elected Master, with- out having served as Senior VV^ardeu. JURISDICTION. 159 JITRINDK'TIO^. See KESIDKNCK. The juriBdiction of ii Lodge is the territory over which it has control, and within thn limits of which persoub must reside in order to become members. The laws on the suhject of jurisdiction are intended to prevent Loilges from receiving members who do not re- side within their control, and also to prevent imposition, and to preserve the harmony of the Craft. Persons who could not obtain admission into the Lodge where they reside might otherwise apply elsewljere, and, if admitted, could claim to visit the Lodge at their residence and thereby cause confusion and disturitance. No person can be made a Mason unless he has resided one year in the jurisdiction of the Lodge to which he seeks admission, '>»• produces a certificate of character from the nearest Lodge to the place of his previous resid- ence. A District Deputy Grand Master has no powe; to grant a dispensation to enable a man to be made a Mason, in abrogation of the law requiring residence for one year within the jurisdiction of the Lodge to which he seeks admission. No Lodge can initiate a candidate whose residence is nearer the jurisdiction of another Lodge, unless by dis- pensation of the Grand Master, except iu a town or city where there is more than one Lodge, in which case each Lodge has concurrent jurisdiction. It is a Masonic otTence to take action upon a petition for initiation and to ballot for the petitioner without dis- pensation from the Grand Mastoid if such petitioner re- sides outside of the jurisdiction of the Lodge so peti- tioned. ' iL* 3lLt,, I J '* 160 JUBISDICTION. Before granting this dispensation, the Grand Master may consult the Lodge in whose jurisdiction the candi- date resides, and if any objection be made, he decides as to its sviflSciency. The jurisdiction of a Lodge extends to half way be- tween it and the next Lodge in any direction, in a direct or air hne (except as to Lodges in the same town or city, where more than one exists). The distance is to be measured from the. candidate's residence to the Lodge room, and not to the limits of the city, town or village in which the Lodge is held. The corporation limits have nothing to do with the question of jurisdiction. The Masonic Districts do not in any way restrict the jurisdiction of Lodges. The candidate must apply to the nearest Lodge, without reference to the District boun- daries. He should apply to the Lodge nearest to his residence, although his residence may be within a different District to that in which the Lodge is situ- ated. A Lodge cr^nnot grant permission to a foreign Lodge to initiate a per^n who resides in the jurisdiction of the former Lodge. As to Masonic offences, a Lodge has jurisdiction over all Masons within its territorial limits, whether they are affiliated or non-affiliated. It also has jurisdiction over all its own members, wherever they may be. A Mason who resides beyond the jurisdiction of his own Lodge is sub- ject to two concurrent jurisdictions, as to his liability for Masonic offences, namely, the territorial jurisdiction of the Lodge where he resides, and the personal jurisdiction of his own Lodge. A trial, conviction, punishment or acquittal, under either of these Jurisdictions, will exempt ••T' JURISDICTION. 161 the offender from the like proceedings under the other jurisdiction. A Mason, cannot, by a forma, resignation of his mem- bership m the Order, withdraw himself from its juris- diction over him. I ( 162 LIFE MEMBERSHIP. M i li I 11 LAWIS. See HYLAWS. The laws of Maiionry are of two kinds, local and uni- versal. The local laws are those enacted by Grand and subordinate Lodges for the government of their members, and these may be amended or repealed by the bodies who originally passed them. The universal laws are those handed down by universal consent from time immemorial, and which govern the fraternity throughout the world. These universal laws cannot be changed, for they form a part of the ancient landmarks, and it is not in the power of any man or body of men to make innovation in the body of Masonry. The power of enacting laws for the government of the Craft in general is possessed by the Grand Lodge only. The Grand Lodge may also alter, amend or repeal these laws, always taking care that the ancient landmarks of the Order are preserved. A motion to amend the laws of the Grand Lodge, or to add a new law, must be preceded by notice given at the previous annual communication, and on its passage it must be supported by two-thirds of the votes present. Every Lodge may adopt By-laws for its own govern- ment, provided they are not contrary to, or inconsistent with, the general regulations of the Grand Lodge. L.IFE IflEiniBERSIIIP. Lodges under the Grand Lodge of Canada may by By- law admit their members to life-membership, on such terms as such Lodges may determine, and for each such life-member such Lodge may pay into the Grand Lodge ^•^ l>l>^ III LODGE. 163 the sum of five dollars, which payraent shall exempt the Lodge from the payment of further dues to Grand Lodge on his behalf. Upon such life-member withdrawing from the Lodge of which he originally became a life-member, and joining any other Lodge, such other Lodge shall not be obliged to pay any annual duos to Grand Lodge on his account ; nor in case he becomes a life-member of such other Lodge shall it be obliged to pay a second fee therefor to Grand Lodge. Life-members shall be entitled to all the privilep;cs of, and shall be amenable to, discipline, in the same manner as ordinary members. A life-member can obtain a certificate from the Master and Secretary of his Lodge showing that he is exempt from future dues to that Lodge and also when such is the fact, he can obtain a certificate from the Grand Secretary showing that he is exempt from all future dues to Grand Lodge, No charge is made for such certificates either by the Lodge or Grand Lo iQ:e. (For the forms of these certifica'oes see Appendix.) L.OAMS. The funds of the Grand lodge cannot be loaned to any subordinate Lodge, or to any brother. The fun^s of a Lodge should not be loaned to any member of the Craft. LODOE. See NEW LOIXiK—OFFrCEKS.— UNDER DISPENSATION. A Lodge is an assembly of Masons, just, perfect and regu- lar,met together to expatiate on the mysteries of the Craft. 164 LODGE. A warranted Lodge means a private Lodge working under warrant of Grand Lodge ; and a private Lodge means either a warranted liOdge, or a Lodge working under a dispensation from the grand Master. A Lodge under dispensation possesses no other powers or privileges than such as are conferred by its dispensa tion, but it is suKject to the laws regulating private Lodges so far as the same are applicable. The precedence of Lodges is derived from the number of their warrant, as recorded in the books of the Grand Lodge. Every Lodge must have a seal, an impression of which is to be sent to the Grand Secretary for record. All Lodges are particularly bound to observe the same usages and customo ; every deviation, therefore, from the established mode of working, is highly improper, and cannot be justified or countenanced. In order to pre- serve this uniformity, and to cultivate a good understand- ing among Freemasons, some members of every Lodge should be deputed to visit other Lodges as often as may be convenient. Every Lodge must procure for every brother initiated therein a Grand Lodge Certificate, to be paid for by the Lodge. Every Lodge must be particularly careful in registering the names of the brethren initiated therein, and also in making the return of its members ; as no person is regu- larly entitled to partake of the general charity unless his name be duly registered, and he shall have been at least two years a contributing member of a Lodge. Each Lodge is to make its returns and payments semi- annually to the Grand Secretary, and in case of neglect for more than one year to make such returns and pay- liiH 1 ^ LODGE. 165 inents, or if the Lodge does not meet during that period, it is liable to be erased. The Master and Wardens, or other representative of any Lodge which has neglected for more than one year to make such returns and pay- ments to the Grand Lodge, are thereby disqualified from attending the Grand Lodge or sitting upon any com- mittee until those returns and payments shall have been completed. Each Lodge is to annually make a return to the Grand Secretary, of the Master, Wardens, and Past Masters of the Lodge, including all members who claim to be entitled to attend in Grand Lodge as Past Masters, as having served the office of Master in some other Lodge, specify- ing the Lodge in which each of such Past Masters has served the office of Master; and no brother shall be per- mitted to attend in Grand Lodge, unless his name shall appear in some such return. The Master of every Lodge shall also cause to be for- warded to the District Deputy Grand Master of his dis- trict, immediately after the installation of officers, on a form to be supplied by the Grand Secretary, a certified list of the officers of his Lodge, elected and appointed, and also of the proxy for Grand Lodge, if any has been appointed. A Lodge may make by-laws for its own governmeut, provided they are not contrary to, or inconsistent with, the general regulations of the Grand Lodge. A Lodge may give instructions to its representatives to the Grand Lodge. A Lodge may be removed from one place to another, with the consent of the Grand Master, or District Deputy Qxw^ Master. 166 LODGE. A Lodge may remit the duos of any of its members, provided that notice of motion to that effect has been duly given at the regular meeting, previous to that at which the vote is taken. A Lodge cannot be acknowledged, nor any of its officers admitted into the Grand Lodge, nor any of its members entitled to partake of the general charity, or otlier Mas- onic privilege, unless it has been regularly constituted and registered. A Lodge cannot meet on Ji Sunday. A Lodge cannot adjourn from day to day. A Lodge cannot legally make a Mason or admit a member, without strictly complying with all the regula- tions enacted for the government of the Craft on these occasions. A Lodge cannot make a Mason for a less sum than twenty dollars. A Lodge cannot make more than five new brothers in one day. A Lodge cannot form any public Masonic proces- sion without a dispensation from the Grand Master or District Deputy Grand Master, except in .the case of a funeral, which shall be immediately reported to the Grand Secretary and the District Deputy Grand Master. A LQdge cannot give a certificate or recommendation to enable a Mason to proceed from Lodge to Lodge as a pauper, or in an itinerant manner to apply to Lodges for relief. A Lodge is not " duly formed " according to our ritual while the Deacons' chairs are vacant. The opening cere- monies sufficiently indicate what officers must be present ifl the Grand Lodge alone. From timer immemorial it has been an established cus- tom among Freemasons for each Lodge, once in every year, at a stated period, to select from among those bre- thren who have served the office of Warden, an expert Craftsman to preside over them in the capacity of Master. He must have been regularly elected by the Master, Wardens and Fellows in open Lodge assembled, and pre- sented to a Board of Installed Masters for examination. Every candidate for the office of Master ought to be of good report, of great skill, true and trusty, a lover of the whole Fraternity and held in high estimation by his bre- thren and fellows. He must have been initiated, passed and raised in the three established degrees, and have duly served the office of Warden in a warranted Lodge. He ought to be exemplary in conduct, courteous in manner, easy of address, but steady and firm in principle. He should be able and willing to undertake the man- MASTER. 171 agement of the work, and well skilled in the Ancient Charges, regulations and landmarks of the Order. The Master cannot be tried by his Lodge, during his term of ottlce. Any complaint against the Master must be made to the Grand Lodge, the Grand Master or the District Deputy Grand Master. The Master is elected aniiually, but is eligible for ro-olection. The Master is, with his Wardens, the representative of the Lodge at the Grand Lodge, and is there bound to speak, act or vote as the Lodge may direct him. The Master, while in the chair, is to be treated with the utmost respect, and his commands must be strictly obeyed. The Master has the care of the jewels and furniture of the Lodge, and is responbible to the J-.odge for their safe keeping. The Master has charge of the warrant of the Ix)dge. Every Lodge annually electa its Master by ballot, such Master having served as Warden of a Ijodge for one year, and at the next recular meeting following his election, after the minutes shall have been read and approved and the election confirmed, he is to be duly installed in the chair according to ancient usage. He then appoints the Deacons, the Inner Guard, Director of Ceremonies, Ste- wards and other officers ; also, all standing Committees for conducting the business of the Lodge, except the Auditors, and invests all the elected and appointed officers. If a Lodge is desirous of investing its Master with the privilege of appointing the Wardens and Secre- tary, it can do so by a special By-law made to that effect, which must be sanctioned by a two-thirds majority of the 172 MA8TRR, IIIIh mer.iberH present at a mentiug regularly convened for the conHidcration thereof. All prefurmunt among MaMonti iu grounded upon real worth and perHonal nu^rit only ; thorolbre no brother iu to be electwd Master of a l^odgf or appointed to any.ottioe tht-rein njorely on account of seniority or rank. No brother is eligible to tho ottice of Master in a warranted Lodge unlefls he has served for one year as Warden in a private Lodge. No Master elect can assume the Master's chair until he has been regularly installed, though he may in the interim rule the Lodge. It is necessary, previous to the installation of the Master, that his election be con- firmed ; alter which the usual ceremonies of installation are to bo performed. Shouhl the election of a Master not be confirmed, then a summons must be issued for the following regular meeting of the Lodge, setting forth that the brethren are again to proceed to elect a Master ; anil on the confirmation of that election, at the following ordinary meeting of the Lodge, the instcHation of the Master will follow. No brother is to be installed Master of a warranted Lodge unless the Installing Board is fully cognizant of the fact that that brother is fully familiar with the duties of the Master, and is competent to perform the ceremony of opening and of closing the Lodge in each degree, and to confer the various degrees according to the established work. The installation ceremony can not be performed in * public. Every Master, before being placed in the chair, is to sol emnly pledge himself to observe all the old established usa- ges and customs, and to preserve the landmarks of the Or- der^and most strictly to enforce them within bis own Lodge, MASTER. 173 The Master of every Loilgo is to cauHe tho ancient chargi'8, the n'gulatioiih of (iraiid Lod^^o relating to pri- VHto Lodges, and tho Hy-laws ot \m Ijodgc, to bo road in upon liodge ona» in oviuy yo.ir. The MhHtpr and Wardens of a Ldd^f are enjoined to vimt other Lodges aa often aH they conveniently can ; in order that the same UHu^es and nistoms may ho olmervoil throughout the Craft, and a ;^ood uiulerstanding he there- by cultivated among Krecjniasons. Tho Master is responaible for tho dueohservance of the laws relating to privnte JiodgrH, and ia bound to produce all books, niinutoa and accounts, when re<|uirod by uuy lawful authority. Tf the Master should dio, bo removed, or bo inca|)able of discharging tho duties of his otlice, tho Senior War- den, and in the absence of the tSenior Warden, the Jurdor Warden, acts as Master, in hummoning the Lodge until a now Master is elected. If the Master be not jjresent, tho imn diatc? Past Mas- ter, or if he be not present the next immediate Past Master of the Lodge, present, takes the chair. If no Past Master of the Lodge be present, then the Senior Warden, or, in his absence, tho Junior Warden, may rule the Lodge, but not confer degrees. No brother below tho rank of a Past Master can as- sume the Master's chair. A Past Master of any other Lodge may be invited to officiate as Master, ajid may confer degrees or perform any other ceremony. The Master and Wardens of every Lodge, when sum- moned .so to do, are bound to attend the Grand Master, his deputy, the District Dei)uty Grand Master, the Grand Lodge, or any board or committee authorized by the 174 MASTER. Grand Lodge, and produce the warrant, mCjates, and books of the Lodge under pain of suspension, and being reported to the next Grand Lodga The confirmation of the election of Master is something more than the mere confirmation of the minutes of the election. At the installation, it is the duty of the install- 'rig officer, or the Board of Installing Mn«^ers, to ask the brethren of the Lodge if they are still satisfied with their choice. If the answer is in the affirmative, the election is confirmed, and the installation proceeds. If the answer is in the negative, then the grounds of the dissatisfaction are to be stated and enquiry made into them. If the objections are, in the opinion of the insta! ling board, unreasonable or frivolous, they may instal, but if the objections are found to be reasonable by the installing board, or if a majority of the members present declare that they are not satisfied, then the election is not confirmed, and a new election must be held. A majority of the Lodge may declare their dissatisfac- tion with the Master elect without giving any reasons. If any member of the Lodge objects to the installation of the Master elect, on the ground that he is in arrear for dues, the installing officer would be justified in not pro- ceeding with the installation until the dues were paid. If no objection is made, the installing officer would he justified in installing the Ma3ter elect, although he might know that he was in arrear for dues. If all the brethren declare that they are still satisfied with their choice, the installing officer may proceed with the installation. If the Master elect declines to ''C installed, the Lodge roust be specially summoned for the election of a Master. A new Master cannot be elected and installed on the same evening in which the other resigns, or refuses to ^erve MASTER 175 !i except where the refusal occurs immediately after the el(-ction, in which case a new election may be proceeded with at once. No brother should be installed as Master until he is well acquainted with the work. He should have a per- fect familiarity with the duties of the office, as well as an accurate knowledge of the ritual prescribed by Grand Lodge. It is not legal to instal the Master of a Lodge under dispensation. "Where the retiring Master is reelected it is not neces- sary that he should be again obligated as to his duties. But if one or more terms have intervened since his occu- pancy of the chair, then he must be again obligated. The Master, on the day of his installation, is to pledge himself to observe and enforce the By-laws of the Lodge during his term of office. The Master is a member of the Grand Lodge, and is eligible to be elected to any office therein. The Master may congregate his Lodge whenever he thinks proper, and may close it whenever he deems it best. The Master may call a Lodge of emergency at any time he chooses, by summons, giving seven clear days' notice to all the members. The Master may call a Lodge of emergency for the purpose of attending the funeral of a deceased brother, without giving seven days' notice, but he must report such proceeding at once to the Grand Secretary and the District Deputy Grand Master. The Master may grant a second ballot on the election of candidates for initiation or membership. A petition e- comes extinct. IWINrTES. (For forms of minutes, See Appendix.) The minutes of ail meetings of a Lo V y -^ Q. j5> '^% 1^ v\ lip n I: I 186 NEW LODGES. NEGLECT. In the case of the neglect of a Lodge, for more than one year, to make its returns and payments to the Grand Lodge, the Lodge is liable to be erased. The Master, Wardens or other representatives of a Lodge whish has neglected for more than one year to make its returns and payments to the Grand Lodge, is disqualified from attending the Grand Lodge, or sitting upon any committee, until the returns and payments shall have been completed. A Lodge which has neglected to meet for more than one year is liable to be erased. A Lodge which neglects to register the names of breth- ren initiated therein, or joining brethren, is liable to suspension or erasure. Neglect of duty on the part of any officer of a Lodge is an offence, for which the ofifending officer is liable to Masonic punishment Officers should not neglect to be on hand promptly at the hour appointed for the meetings of the Lodge, nor should they neglect the performance of any duty enjoined upon them pertaining to their official position. In the case of a District Deputy Grand Master neglect- ing to proceed on any case or business which may be sent for his decision within a reasonable time, the application or complaint may be transmitted to the Grand Secretary. k BTEW L.ODOE8. See DISPENSATION — LODGE-- UNDER DISPENSATION. (For form of petition for new Lodge, fi"** Appendix.) (Under this heading will be considered the law as to the formation of new Lodges. For the laws pertaining *^-' NEW LODGES. 187 to new Lodges after a dispensation has been granted for their formation, see the title " Under Dispensation.") Every application for a warrant to hold a new Lodge must be by petition to the Grand Master, signed by at least seven regularly registered Master Masons ; and the Lodges to which they belong or formerly belonged must be specified. The petition must be recommended by the nearest Lodge, and in case of there being more than two Lodges within the jurisdiction, it shall require the recom- mendation of not less than one-half of the said Lodges, and be transmitted to the District Deputy Grand Master, who is to forward it with his recommendation or opinion thereon to the Grand Secretary, to be submitted to the Grand Master. If the prayer of the petition be granted, the Grand Master may issue a dispensation, authorizing the brethren to meet as a Lodge, until a warrant of con- stitution shall be granted by the Grand Lodge. If in the opinion of the Grand Master, the recommen- dation of the nearest Lodge or Lodges be unreasonably withheld, he shall have power to waive such recom- mendation. The recommendation from the nearest Lodge or Lodges required for a petition, must be passed iu open Lodge upon a regular resolution, and signed by the Master and Secretary of the Lodge, with the seal of the Lodge attached, and in no case shall be given without such resolution and signatures. No warrant for a new private Lodge shall be granted until, in addition to the ordinary recommendation of the District Deputy Grand Master, there is furnished by that officer, a certificate to the effect that the Lodge working under dispensation and seeking a warrant, has provided itself with suitable furniture and regalia. Ml 188 NEW LODGES. In order to avoid irregularities, every new Lodge should be Holemnly constituted by the Grand Master, with his Deputy and Wardens ; or in the absence of the Grand Master, by his Deputy, or the District Deputy Grand Master of that District, who shall choose some Master of a Lodge to assist him. If both these officers be absent, the Grand Master may appoint some other Grand Officer or Master of a Lodge to act as his De])uty pro tempore. A dispensation for a new Lodge will net, in general, be granted unless the brother named for Master is able to open and close th^ Lodge, and confer the degrees in duo form. A certificate to this effect, signed by the District Deputy Grand Master, should be sent with the peti- tion. The recommendation required from the nearest I^odge must be an act of that Lodge, not of its officers. The parti?s applying for the new Lodge should send their pe- tition properly signed, to the nearest Lodge, with a re- quest that it should receive the recommendation of the Lodge. Upon its reception and reading, the Lodge should proceed to the consideration of the request. Any mem- ber may move that the request be granted, and that the petition for the new Lodge (naming it) do receive the recommendation of the Lodge. This motion, being duly seconded, may be discussed and then put to vote. If it is carried, a copy of the resolution should be made by the Secretary, and a certificate added that such resolution was duly passed by the Lodge at the meeting held on the day named. This must be signed by the Master and Sec- retary and the seal of the Lodge affixed. It should be attached to the petition, which should then be returned to the petitioners, and they can transmit 'it to the Dis- trict Deputy Grand Master. 4 i> NEW LODGES. 189 It would be highly improper for the ofl&cers of the nearest Lodge to give this recommendation without the sanction of the Lodge expressed by resolution, duly passed by a majority of the members present at a regu- lar meeting, or an emergency called for the purpose. If the recommendation is refused by the neares; Lodge, the request may be made again at any subsequent regu- lar meeting. A motion to recommend the petition for a new Lodge is in order at any regular meeting of the nearest Lodge, and such motion may be entertained without any pre- vious notice thereof. Where the nearest Lodge is in a city or town having two or more Lodges with concurrent jurisdiction, the pe- tition for the new Lodge must be recommended by at least one half of the Lodges having concurrent jurisdic- tion. The nearest Lodge, in giving a recommendation to a new Lodge, is not charged with the duty of vouching for the competency of the proposed Master. The considera- tion of the Lodge should be more especially directed to the prospects of the proposed new Lodge, whether it will have sufficient material in its jurisdiction to prove suc- cessful, and whether its establishment will seriously in- jure any existing Lodge. The competency of the proposed Master is a matter that V>elong8 to the District Deputy Grand Master alone. He should be satisfied of his proficiency from personal examination, either by himself or by some well-skilled brother duly appointed by the District Deputy Grand Master to make such examination, and upon whose jndg. ment he is willing to rely in giving the certificate. The proposed Master must attend and be examined at such 190 NON-AFFILIATION. time and place as the District Deputy Grand Master may direct. The original petition should bo sent to the nearest Lodge for recommendation with the signatures of the pe- titioners, as it is intended to be presented to the Grand Master. If through some unavoidable circumstance, the original petition cannot be sent, then a copy may be used, but this copy must be attested and certified to be a true copy, and be accompanied with a reasonable explanation of the absence of the original. ^'i ,t IWOMIKATION. . -V ■'; See ELECTION.— OFFICERS. The nomination of officers in Grand Lodge precedes the election. The nominations are handed to the Grand Secretary. Nominations are not allowed for the Grand Master or D(!puty Grand Master. Nominations for office are i ot permissible in any subor- dinate Lodge. NOJV-AFFILIATION. See AFFILIATION An unaffiliated Mason is one who is not a member of any Lodge. It is the duty of every Mason to be affiliated with some regular Lodge. The position of an unaffiliated Mason is contrary to the spirit of the Masonic Institution, as every brother ought to belong to some Lodge, and be subject to its By-laws and the general regulations of the Craft. The Mason who has withdrawn from his Lodge has, by his own act, voluntarily surrendered all his claims to any I NON-AFFILIATION. 191 ' Masonic privilege or benefit. He is not entitled to any of the rights or privileges pertaining to members of Lodgea He may be assisted by his brethren, but such assistance or relief is entirely voluntary, and they are under no greater obligation to give assistance to an un- affiliated brother than to one who is not a Mason. Masonic charity is broad enough to include all man- kind ; but the claims of members are to be preferred to those who are not Masons, and also to those who have voluntarily severed their connection with the Fraternity. An unaffiliated Mason is not entitled to the benefit of the benevolent fund, for himself or family. An unaffiliated Mason is not entitled to Masonic burial. An unaffiliated Mason is not entitled to take part in any Masonic ceremony, public c private, nor is he en- titled to any Masonic privilege whatever. An unaffiliated Mason cannot hold any office in the Grand Lodge. An unaffiliated Mason may be one of the petitioners for a new Lodge. A member who has withdrawn from a Lodge cannot be reinstated, or regain his membership without a fresh pro- position and ballot An unaffiliated brother is subject to Masonic discipline. By his withdrawal from the Lodge, he does not, and cannot release himself from his obligations to the Craft in general. In this respect, ** once a Mason, always a Mason." For any violation of the laws of Masonry, or for any unmasonic conduct, a brother can be punished by suspension or expulsion, whether he is a member of a Lodge or not. An unaffiliated Mai^on may be tried and punished for unmasonic conduct. The charge should be preferred and 102 NON-PAYMENT OF DUES. the trial had in the Lodge within whose jurisdiction the accused brother resides. The fact of a Mason not being un affiliated brother is no ground for an appeal against his suspension for un- masonic conduct. ]irON-PAYMElVT OF DUES. See DUES—SUSPENSION. -i'i't l > V;. Any member of a Lodge, who may be in arrears for dues to the Lodge, may be proceeded against in accord- ance with the provisions of the By-laws of such Lodge in '9 respect of the same, and the Constitution. In case no provision has been made in the By-laws of a Lodge for notice to and procedure against a member for non-payment of dues, the following procedure may be adopted. In case the dues of a member remain unpaid for twelve months it shall be the duty of the Secretary of the Lodge to read out the name of such member in default, after which a special summons to appear at the next regular meeting of the Lodge to show cause why he should not be suspended, together with a statement of the amount of dues remaining unpaid, shall be sent to such member. The summons shall be deemed to be duly served if it is mailed to the last known address of the member in default. In case such member shall not, before the next regular meeting of the Lodge, have paid the amount of his dues, and no such excuse be offered as the Lodge may deem sufficient, the Master shall forthwith declare such bi-o- ther suspended for non-payment df dues, and the Secre- tary shall notify the brother of such suspension. r NOTICE OF MOTION. 193 1 • V Tf any excuse be offered, the Lodge shall decide by a majority vote whether the same is sufficient or not. Excei)t as aforesaid, none of the formalities required for the notice or procedure for the trial of charges for unmasonic conduct shall be necessary in proceeding against a member for non-payment of dues. The name of every brother suspended for non-payment of dues, and the cause of his suspension, must be sent to the Grand Secretary, and also to the District Deputy Grand Master. • A member suspended for non-payment of dues must be immediately 1 estored by the Lodge, without a fresh ballot, on payment ))eing made of all arrears owing at the time of his suapension, and of the regular Lodge dues for the period he was so suspended, notice of the restora- tion being also sent to the Grand Secretary, and the District Deputy Grand Master. NOTICE OF mOTION. Sec AMENDMENTS. Notice of motion is always required to be given in order to alter, amend or repeal any pro'dsion of the Constitu- tion of the Grand Lodge, or the By-laws of subordinate Lodges, or to add a new law or By-law. In Grand Lodge, the notice of motion required to be given in order to amend the Constitution is one year's notice ; that is, the notice must be given at the annual communication held previous to that at which the motion is to be brought before the Grand Lodge for action. All notices of motion to be brought up in Grand Lodge are to be sent to each Lodge at the same time as the annual notice of the meeting of Grand Ledge. I I i j 1 ; 194 NUMBER. A motion affecting the Constitution is out of order, unless the notice of such motion states that it is an amendment of tlie Constitution, and in what parti- cular. In suboidinate Lodges, the notice required to amend the By-laws is or should be specified in the By-laws. Some Lodges require only one month's notice, and where this is the case, it is generally provided that the proposed amendment shall bo inserted in the summons sent to all the brethren for the next regular meeting. Other Lodges require three months' notice, and that the proposed amendment shall be read in open Lodge at three succes- sive regular meetings before being put to vote. All notices of motion must be in writing. All notices of motion must clearly set forth the nature and purport of the proposed alteration or amendment. A motion to recommend the petition for a new Lodge does not require any previous notice. IVVIIIBER. The number of members required to hold the wan^ant of a Lodge, or to receive a dispensation for a new Lodge, must not be less than seven. No Lodge can make more than five new brothers in one day. Two black balls exclude a candidate, and Lodges have power to provide by By-law that one black ball shall exclude. Each Lodge has three votes in Grand Lodge, and each Past Master has one vote. OnjECTIONS. 19.' OBIIDIRIVf li:. Obedience to lawfully constituted authority in strongly inculcated upon all Masons. To be obedient, not only to the laws of the Craft, but to the laws of the country in which he reaide.s, is one of the great duties of a Free- mason. The spirit of obedience is found in the whole system of PVeemasonry, and it is one of the greatest safeguards of the institution. The Mason must be obedient to the Master of the Lodge, and the Master and the Lodge must obey the Grand Master and the Grand Lodge. OBJECTION§. Objections to the admission of a visiting brother may be made by any member of the Lodge, and the Master has no right to admit the visitor over the objection. The objector cannot be compelled to give his reasons for making the objection. Objections which are purely personal in their nature, and which do not atfect the character of a candidate who has been balloted for and accepted, should not be allowed to prevent his initiation or advancement. Objections to the advancement of a brother, who has passed a satisfactory examination in open Lodge as to his proficiency in the degree he has attained, should be embodied in a charge, and investigated in the usual way. In case objection be made to the initiation of a candi- date after he has been balloted for and approved, it is the duty of the Master to investigate the cause of such objection, and if he finds the same to be well founded, or reasonable, he cannot initiate such candidate until the objection is withdrawn or removed. And if objection be ■J . 190 OFFENCFS. rna(i« to the advancement of a brother, any member of thti Ijoilg«^ may recpiire that such objection bt* plHc»«i in the form of a charge, and if not no placed at the next regular meeting of the Lodge, the objection is then of no eflfect. .% offenc:es. See THiAL. Masonic offences may be defined as follows ; Every violation by a Mason of his Masonic covenant or obliga* tions, or of the established laws, usages and customs o* the Order, — every violation of the moral law and every violation of the laws of the land involving moral turpi- tude, is a Masonic offence. Masonic tribunals do not assume to adjust mere legal rights, pecuniary or otherwise ; nor do they take cogni- zance of difficulties of a legal character growing out of business transactions between brethren, or breaches of contract or agreement between one Mason and another, unless the circumstances disclose unmistakable fraud or moral turpitude on the part of the offender. A violation of the laws of the land which is malum in se, and not merely malum prohibitum, is a Masonic off- ence. On this principle it is that murder, larceny, assault, adultery, and such offences as are evil in them- selves, are recognized to be Masonic offences. Whilst neglecting to observe a By-law for the removal of snow, although in direct violation of the statute or municipal law, will not be noticed by Masonic authorities. Among the offences that are recognized as Masonic offences are the following : — ^•i""^ OFFENOES. 107 All |iublic criiiiuH ami luitideuiuanors involving moral turpitude. Drunkenness and profligacy. Fighting. Adultery, and all laHcivious association, whether with the relative of a Mason, or with a stranger. Cruelty to wife or child. Contempt for God or religion. Atheism. Masonic communion with clandestino Masons or irre- gular Lodges. Improper revelationw. Printing, publishing, selling or olForing for sale any pretended ritual of the degrees of Masonry, either in cipher or otherwise. . Disobedience to those in authority, or contemptuous language towards them. All countenance of imi)ostors. Contemptuous expressions respecting Masonry. Wronging a Mason by fraud. Violation of the secrecy of the ballot. Unseemly conduct in the Lodge. Undue solicitation of candidates. Using a Masonic emblem as a trade-mark or business sign. Any mtentional violation of the technical parts or points of the several Masonic obligations. Any violation of the particular injunctions of the ritual, or any of the landmarks of Masonry. Any violation of the constitution, laws, edicts, rules or regulations of the Grand Lodge. Any violation of the By-laws of a Lodge by a member thereof. :)' ii 198 OFFICE. As to Masonic offences, a ^Lodge has jurisdiction over all Masons within its territorial limits,||whether affiliated or non-alfiliated. It also has jurisdiction over all its own members, wherever they may be. A Mason who resides beyond the jurisdiction of his own Lodge is subject to two concurrent jurisdictions, the territorial jurisdiction of the Lodge where he resides, and the personal jurisdic- tion of his own Lodge. For any offence against the By-laws of his Lodge, a Mason must be tried by the Lodge to which he belongs. For any other Masonic offence, a Mason may be tried either by the Lodge to which he belongs, or by the Lodge nearest to his place of residence. A trial, conviction, punishment or acquittal, under either of these jurisdictions, will exempt the offender from the like proceedings under the other jurisdiction upon the principle that a Mason cannot be twice punished for the same Masonic offence. A Mason cannot, by a formal resignation of his mem- bership in the Order, withdraw himself from its jurisdic- tion over him. It is the special duty of the Junior Warden to take steps to bring to trial all Masonic offenders, and he may avail himself of the assistance of any member of the Lodge who may prefer charges against an offending brother, or who may feel called upon to assist in the prosecution. OFFICE. OFFICERS. See ELEOTION. — INSTALLATION. — .JEWELS. -NOMINATION. The officers of a warranted Lodge are : — The Master, Senior Warden, Junior Warden, Treasurer, Secretary, 'i'^^ OFFICE. 199 Senior Deacon, Junior Deacon, Inner Guard, two Stew- ards, and the Tyler 3 to which may bo added a Chaplain, a Director of Ceremonies, and an Organist ; and they severally hold office until their successors, respectively, have been regularly elected or appointed and installed or invested in their stead. The elective Officers are the Master, Senior Warden, Junior Warden, Chaplain, Treasurer and Secretary, who are elected annually by ballot, and the Tyler and two Auditors who are elected by open vote. The appointed Officers are the Senior Deacon, Junior Deacon, Inner Guard, Director of Ceremonies, Organist < and Stewards, who are appointed annually by the Master after his installation. A Lodge may, by a special By-law, invest its Master with the power of appointing the Wardens and Secretary. This By-law must be sanctioned by a two-thirds majority of the members present at a meeting regularly convened for the consideration thereof. If a Lodge be desirous of electing the Senior and Junior Deacons and Inner Guard, it can do so by a special By-law made to that effect, which must be sanctioned by a two-thirds majority of the members present at a meet- ing convened for the consideration thereof. If a Lodge be desirous of electing all of its Officers, it can do so by a special By-law made to that effect, which must be sanc- tioned by a two-thirds majority of the members present at a meeting convened for the consideration thereof. All Officers hold office until their successors have been regularly elected or appointed, and installed or invested. All the Officers of a Lodge must be Master Masons. All the Officers of a Lodge must be members of that Lodge. 200 OFFICE. An unaftiliated Mason cannot hold oifice in a Lodge. An Entered Apprentice is not eligible to be elected to office, nor would his election be legal if he received the second and third degrees before the time for installation. A Fellow Craft is not eligible to be elected to office, nor would his reception of the third degree prior to the time for installation cure the defect, or make his election legal. If an Entered Apprentice or a Fellow Craft is elected to office, the election is illegal and void. The position is then the same as if no election had been held. The pre- vious occupant of the office is still in office and remains so until the next regular election of officers, unless a dis- pensation is obtained from the Grand Master to hold a new election. ' No brother can be forced to accept an office against his wish. If he refuses to serve or declines the office imme- diately on being elected, the Master orders another elec- tion to be held at once. When a brother who has been elected to office, declines to be installed or invested, the Master should order a new election for that office, to be held at the next regular meeting, giving due notice of such new election to all the members of the Lodge in the summons for that meeting. An Officer cannot be removed from his office unless for a cause which appears to the Lodge to be sufficient. The duties of the several officers of a Lodge are speci- fied in the Lodge By-laws, and in the unwritten work of the Craft. An officer who neglects or refuses to perform the duties of his office may be removed from his office. An officer who has left the jurisdiction, and is, therefore, unable to perform the duties of hia office, may be removed ORDER. 201 from his office, and another brother may be elected or ap- pointed in his place. Any officer of a warranted Lodge may resign his office with the consent of the Lodge, and upon his resignation being accepted, if the office is an elected one, the Lodge shall fill the vacancy by an «,lection at the next regular meeting after notice of such election has been sent to all the members of that Lodge ; and if the office is an appoint- ed one, the Master may fill the vacancy by his appoint- ment at once. Provided, that no brother shall be entitled to past rank in any office, unless he has served a full term of twelve months in such office. In case of death, or removal from office, of any officer of a private Lodge, the vacancy shall be filled as above provided. A brother cannot hold two offices in the same Lodge at the same time. The only exception to this rule is as to the office of Treasurer, which is sometimes held in con- junction with another office, such as Secretary, or Warden. OPENIIVO LODGE. In the absence of the Master, the Immediate Past Ma.ster is entitled to take the chair, and open the Ijodge. In the absence of the Master, and the Immediate Past Master, the next Immediate Past Master present may open the Lodge, and act as Master. If no Past Master be present, then the Senior Warden, and, in his absence, the Junior Warden, may open and rule the Lodge, but not confer degrees. In the absence of the Master, and all Past Masters, and both Wardens, the Lodge cannot be opened. ORDER. See RULES OF ORDER. 202 OHDER OF BUSINESS. I ORDER OF BUSINESS. q The order of business to be observed in a Lodge is speciHod in the Lodge By-laws, or else it is at the discre- tion of the Master. The following order of business is given for convenience of reference, and may be followed unless the By-laws of the Lodge provide otherwise. .-j 1. Reading and confirmation of minutes. | 2. Reading communications, petitions, &c. y- 3. Reports. 3 4. Balloting. . ;j 5. Unfinished business. '• V t 6. New business. , ■ ^^ 7. Conferring degrees. < i PASSWORD. 203 PARLIAMEIVTARY IJdIAOE. The usage of parliament may be appealed to in order to decide questiooB of order arising in Tiodges, in cases not provided for by Masonic la-v or custom. v^ For example, an amendment to an amendment can- not be amended. Again, when an amendment to an amendment is put and carried, and no further amendment is proposed, the original motion as amended should be put and voted upon. Such questions as these are not provided for by any peculiarly Masonic law or usage, aj^ I they must be de- cided according to the procedure of Parliament. PARTICULARS. See CHARGE — TRIAL. PASSING. See ADVANCEMENT. — DEGREES. — FELLOW CRAFT. A candidate is said to be " passed," when he has re- ceived the [second degree, or the degree of a Fellow Craft. PASSIIWO THE CHAIR. See MASTER. — PAST MA.STER. PASSWORD. When the Lodge is open in the second or third degree, the inner guard should collect the password of the de- gree on which the Lodge is open from all brethren apply- ing for admission. 204 PAST MASTKH, i ■. '*■ '' i ; When the Deacons fire instructed to collect the pasfl- word in a Lodge, they should require it from all the brethren present except the Maater. Past Masters have no privilege of exemption in this respeot unless the Mas- ter vouches for them. PAST niAl^TER. »S'ee A15SENCK. —CHAIR.— MASTER. A Past Master is a brother who has actually served as the Master of a regular Lodge. A Past Master, so long as he remains a member of any warranted Lodge, is ex officio a member of tiie Grand Lodge, Past Masters possess certain positive rights and privi- leges distinct from those enjoyed by all Master Masns. The first, and most important of these rights is that they are eligible to membership in the Grand Lodge. A Past Master, duly returned as such, and being a member of some Lodge, is a member of the Grand Lodge. He is also qualified to be delegated to represent a Lodge in the Grand Lodge as proxy. He is eligible to be elected an otlicer of the Grand Lodge. He has one vote in his own right, whether he represents a Lodge or not ; and no one but a Past Master can be elected as District Deputy Grand Master. A Past Master of a Lodge in this jurisdiction who has been duly returned in the books of the Grand Lodge, and who affiliates with any other private Lodge, is en- titled to his rank according to seniority both in Grand Lodge and in the Lodge with which he affiliates. • Another right possessed by Past Masters is that of presiding over their Lodges in the absence of the Master. If the Master be not present, the Immediate Past Master ' I 'W '.■ PAST MASTKR. 205 .i takes the Chair and in case he jvIso i.^ al-yent, the next immediate Past Master present is entitled to preside. In viaitmg other Lodges, a Fast Master may, 'if re- (j nested, act as Master at any time, and may confer degrees or perform any other ceremony. No one but an installed Master can legally initiate, pass or raise Free- masons. A Master cannot resign his chair, except to a Master or Past Master. A Past Master is eligible to be elected Master without again passing through the chair of a Warden. Having once served as Warden, he always retains the prerogative conferred by such service. A Past Master also holds his rank in all other Lodges besides his own. If he joins another Lodge, he is entitled to all the privileges therein, the same as if he had been xMaster of that I^odge. A Past Master is entitled to a seat in the East, at the right or left of the Master, and when entering a Lodge, on being announced by his rank, the Lodge should be called up to receive him. A Past Master is privileged, as a mark of respect, and as a distinction of his rank, to wear a peculiar jewel — a square, with the 47th problem of Kuclid pendent with- in it. Past Masters are invested with the right of installing their successors. There must, however, be not less than three Masters or Past Masters to constitute a Board of Installed Masters, by whom tlie ceremony of installation of a new Master is performed. It is an ancient usage of the Fraterrdty, dating at least as far back as the 17th century, that the installing power should be restricted to those who had themselves l>een installed, so that there inoight be an uninterrupted succession to the chair. 206 PAST MASTER. Each Lodge is to annuftlly make a return to the (iraud Secretary, of the Master, Wardens, and Past Masters of the Lodge, includinj^ all members who cla'.m to be entitled to attend in Grand Lodge as Past Masters, as having served the office of Master in some other Lodge, speci- fying the Lodge in which each of such Past Masters has served the office of Master ; and no brother is permitted to attend in Grand Lodge, unless his name appeai-u in some such return. The Past Masters of a Lodge are those brethren, being members of the Lodge, who have *' passed the chair." All brethren, and those only, who have held the office of Master for twelve months are Past Masters, and are en- titled to rank as such. It is not necessary that they should have held the office of Master in the Lodge of which they arc members. The rank is a personal matter, belonging to the individuals themselves, and they carry it with them, wherever they go. In 1875, the Grand Lodge of Canada decided that a member of a Lodge, who had been a Master of another Lodge, and properly returned, is entitled to his rank according to his seniority, both in Grand Lodge, and the liodge with which ha is affiliated. A Past Master from a foreign jurisdiction, who affiliates with a Lodge in this jurisdiction, is not entitled to mem- bership in the Grand Lodge of Canada, as the Constitution limits the membership of Past Masters to those who have been "installed Masters of Lodges, on the Register of this Grand Lodge." Past Masters should be announced as hailing from the Lodge in which they are affiliated members. It is a matter of no consequence where they obtained their rank as Past Masters, or in what Lodge they held the office of Master. PAST MASTER. 207 A Past Master who is a member of two Lodges, in only one of which he actually held the position of Master, has the right to be announcotl as a Past Master of the other liodge. When a brother, who in a member of two Lodges, attends either of them, he should not be announced as hailing from the other Lodge. He could not bo a visitor to his own Lodge. Nor is it necessary that he should be announced as from the oth^r liodge, in order to take his rank as a Past Master. He is entitled to a place among the Past Masters of that Ix)dge, just the same as if he had filled the chair in it. Any member of a Lodge can, of course, claim and exercise all a member's privileges. The seniority of Past Masters ainong themselves, is determined by the dates at which they respectively be- came Past Masters. The oldest takes precedence, except in cases where the Constitution provides otherwise, such as the preference given to the Immediate Past Master, to take the chair, in the absence of the Master. A Past Master, in affiliating, takes rank as to seniority in the Lodge of which he becomes a member (by affiliation), from the date at which he became a Past Master, and not from the date of his affiliation. The By-laws of a LoJge may impose special duties up- on the Past Masters of that Lodge, and may confer on them certain privileges, such as making them members of the permanent or standing committees of the Lodge. It would be competent for the Lodge in its By-laws to provide that only those Past Masters who had actually held the office of Master in that Lovlge, should be mem- bers of the permanent committee or any standing com- mittee. Such a provision would exclude from member- ship on these committees all the Past Masters of that ,■1 i. ,1 :"::f ■;/-i 208 PAST MA8TBR. Lodge, who acquired their rank of Past Master by virtue of service only as Master in some other Lodge. In the absence of the Master, the Immediate Past Master has the right to take the chair, and rule and work tke Lodge and confer degrees in preference to all other Past Masters who may be present. No other Past Mas- ter can take the chair, unless the Immediate Past Master waives his right to do so, and then the next Immediate Past Master present has precedence. The Immediate • ' Past Master, after taking the chair, may request any other Past Master to confer degrees, or to perform any other ceremony. An unaffiliated Past Master may act as Master of a Lodge, and confer degrees in any Lodge which he is ' permitted to visit, when requested to do so by the Master or acting Master of the Lodge. . A Past Master is not exempt from giving the password ^: to the Deacons, who are collecting it in Lodge, by the order of the Master, unless he is vouched for by the Master ; nor is he exempt from giving the password to the Inner Guard at the door when applying for admission 'J to the Lodge open in the second or third degree. A Past Master has no privilege in this respect over any other brother. Past Masters are entitled to vote at the district meet- ing on the election of District Deputy Grand Master. A Past Master receives the honorary degree of Past Master, or the chair degree, at his installation into the office of Master. There is a degree conferred in the Royal Arch Chapter called the Past Master's degree, but it has no connection whatever with the installation of the Master of a Lodge and it confers no right or privilege outside of the Chapter. PETITION. 209 Brethren who have received the Past Master's degree in a Chapter cannot be recoj^'nised as Past Masters in a Lodge ; as only those who have actually served as Mas- ter of a Lodge are entitled to the rank and privileges ot* I'ast Masters, and onhj they can act as members of the board of installed Masters to instal a new Master. A Past Master's certificate may he obtained by any Past Master from the Crand Secretary, on payment of the fee for the same of $1.00. f See ARREARS. — ASSKSSMKNTS. — DUES. — FEES. PENALTY. See PUNISHMENT. — TRIAL. PETITIOAf. See CANDIDATE.— DECLARATION.— NEW LODGE.— RELIEF. — RESTORATION. (For forms of petition : See appendix.) The ai)plication for a warrant to hold a new Lodge lEUst be by petition to the Grand Master. The petition must be signed by at least seven regularly registered Master Masons. The application of a brother for membership, or of a candidate for initiation is sometimes called his petition. A petition having been received it cannot be with- drawn. When a petition is received, it becomes the property of the Lodge, and may be dealt with as the Lodge may determine. The committee to whom is referred a petition for affili- ation, may in their report recommend that the applicant % 210 PLACK OF MEKTINO. l)fi not balloted for, and it will then be for the Lodge to determine whether they will adopt the report or hot. If the report is adopted, the ballot is not taken, and the applicant may apply again to the same or to any other Lodge. If the report iu not adopted, the Lodge may order the report to be referred back to the committee, or to be referreSee Appendix ) Every petition for initiation must be recommended by at Jeast two members of the Lodge who are Master Masons in good standing. A petition for initiation being presented, it is the duty of the Master before entertaining the same to be satisfied that the petitioner resides within the jurisdiction of the Lodge 80 petitioned. <: ■( 218 PROPOSING MEMBERS. A petition having been received, it cannot be with- drawn. No person can be made a Mason in, or admitted a member of, a Lodge, if, on the ballot, two black balls ap- pear against him. Some Lodges wish for no such indul- gence, but require the unanimous consent of the members present ; the By-laws of each Lodge must therefore guide it in this respect, but if there be two black balls, such person cannot, on any pretence, be admitted. Every candidate on his initiation, is to solemnly pro- mise to submit to the Constitution, and to conform to all the usages and regulations of the Craft, he must sign the By-laws of tho Lodge on his initiation, a copy of which, together with a copy of the Constitution of Grand Lodge, is then presented to him. A rejected candidate for initiation cannot be balloted for in the same, or in any other Lodge, within twelve months from the time of his rejection. This law has no reference to brethren applying for affiliation. A violation or neglect of any of the above laws renders the offending Lodge liable to erasure, as no emergency can be allowed as a justification. A candidate for initiation must have resided within the jurisdiction of the Lodge to which he seeks admission during the period of one year previous to his initiation, or he mast produce a certificate of character from the Lodge nearest to his last previous place of residence. A residence for one year, not being the year immtdiately preceding his initiation,wouId not be sufficient to dispense with the necessity of procuring the certificate of char- acter. When a petition for initiation or affiliation is read by the Secretary, it is proper that a motion should be made P1U)P()SIN() MHMllKRS. 21!) and Beconded for itH roceptioo. As soon as this motion is can it'd, ihe ]»etitioii becomes the property of the Lodge, and cannot afterwards be withdrawn. It may be with- drawn previous to its reception. The name, »ge, addition or profession and place of abode of the candidate, must be sent to all the members of the Lodge, including the officers and also those who were present when the petition was received, and these particulars must af^pear in the notict^ calling the meeting at which the ballot is to take place, notwithstanding the fact that they may have appeared in a previous notice. The summons for the regular meeting at which a can- didate is to be balloted for must be sent to all the mem- bers at least seven days before the meeting. It is competent for the Committee on Character to re- port recommending that the ballot be passed for the can- didate ; but the Lodge may decline to receive such a re- port, and may refer it back to the committee, with in- structions to report definitely either in favor of or against the candidate. If the report is accepted by the Lodge, it is considered as a favorable report, and the 'ballot may be passed thereon. It is unnecessary and improper to pass the ballot for a candidate, after the Committee on Character have re- ported unfavorably. After the Committee on Character have reported un- favorably, the candidate is considered as rejected, and a motion to refer the report back to the committee to re- port at the next regular meeting is entirely out of order and should not be allowed j nor should any discii^sion on the re^ ^rt be permitted. 220 PROXY. PROPOSITION. See CANDIDATE. — DECLARATION. — FEES.— PETITION.— PROPOSINO MEMBERS. For the form of proposition for initiation or atliliation See Appendix. PROTEJ^T. The majority of the members present at any meeting of a Lodge duly summoned have a right to regulate their own proceedings, provided they are consistent with the general laws and regulations of the Craft ; therefore no member is permitted to enter in the minute book of his Lodge a protest against any resolution or proceeding which has taken place, unless it appears to him to be con- trary to the laws and usages of the Craft, and for the pur- pose of complaining or appealing to a higher Masonic authority. PROXY. Every Lodge is entitled to be represented in the Grand Lodge by its Master and Wardens, but should neither the Master nor the Wardens of a Lodge attend any com- munication of Grand Lodge, such Lodge, by its vote properly certified by the Master and Secretary, and un- der seal, may delegate any Master or Past Master en- titled to a seat in Grand Lodge, to represent their Lodge ; but no proxy is valid unless it has been passed in open Lodge and the name of the brother so delegated has been written in the proxy, previously to its being signed by the Master and Secretary of the Lodge ; and no brother can represent more than three Lodges. A pi'oxy cannot be granted by the Master (or Ward- ens), and the Secretary, either as officers or individuals. 'ir. 1 PROXY. 221 It must be granted by the Lodge and by resolution. The Master and Wardens have the right to attend (Trand Lodge, not as individuals, but as the representatives of the Lodge They may attend themselves, but they can- not delegate their powers as such representatives. It would be highly improper for the Master and the Secre- retary to issue a proxy without the sanction of tlie l^odge expressed by resolution. The resolution appointing a proxy mfey he passed by the Lodge at a regular meeting or at an emergency called for that purpose, and a certitied copy of the minutes of the meeting should be immediately sent to the Dis- trict Deputy Grand Master, or when convenient, he may personally examine the books of the Lodge, to ascertain whether the proxy was properly granted. In the event of his finding that there has been any abuse or irregu- larity, he is required to proceed against the oftenders and secure , their punishment ; and he must rejjort that this duty of inspection has been duly performed by him. The brother to whom a proxy is granted must be en- titled of himself to a seat in the Grand Lodge. He mu'it be a Master of some othei- Lodge, or a Past Master of that Lodge or some other Lodge. If he is a Past Mas- ter, he must be an affiliated member of some Lodge in the jurisdiction, and in good standing, and his name must have been duly returned to the Grand Secretary, with the other particulars required by the Constitution. {See Past Master.) A Past Master of a Lodge cannot represent the Lodge in Grand Lodge unless he has been duly appointed proxy. A Warden cannot be appointed proxy. A Lodge cannot authorize the issue of a proxy in blank. The Lodge must specify the brother whom they l^^t^: 222 VVttUC CEHKMONIKS. delegate to act for tliein, and his name must be inserted in tljH proxy before it i8 signed by liie Master and Secre- tary. A proxy cannot be transferred by the brother to whom it is granted to another brother. The name inserted in a proxy cannot be changed except by a resolution of the Lodge. A proxy is not requireil to enable the Master or the Senior Warden or Junior Warden to attend the (jlrand Lodge and represent their Lodge. JiOdg«'8 working under dispensation have not the right to appoint a proxy for the purpose of voting on any matter in the (J rand Lodge, nor for the office of the Dis- trict De[)uty Grand Master of the District. A proxy has all tlie power that the Master and War- dons w(tuld have if present. He tnay vote to the best of his judgment for the interest of the Lodge and the honor of the Craft, unless he is instructed by the Lodge, in which case he is bound to obey the expressed will of the Lodge which he represents. No brother can represent more than three Lodges. If he represents his own Lodge as Master, he can hold oidy two proxies. If he is a Past Master, he can hold only three proxiea PUBLICATIOM. Sea I'ROCEEDINGR. PUBLIC APPEAR4MCES. PUBLIC CEREIHONIBS. See DISPENSATION. — PROCESSIONS. PUNISHMENT. 223 1. PUNISHMENT. «S'ee ADMONITION.— ERASURE.— -EXCLUSION.— EXPULSION. — FI N ES. — R EPRIM AND. —SUSPENSION. — TRLIU Punishment ia Masonry is inflicted in order that the character of the Institution may remain unsullied and that the offences of its members may not injuriously re- flect discredit upon the reputation of the whole Fraternity. The mutual obligations of the members to the Society, and of the Society to its members, make a violation of Masonic Law an oflfonce, and give the Society power to punish. The protection of the good and the punishment of the bad form a part of the contract entered into by the Order and each of its members. The Masonic punishment which can be inflicted upon members of the Craft ia either, 1. — Reprimand (Admonition or Censure). 2. — Suspension. 3. — Expulsion. Masonic Lodges may be punished by, 1. — Suspension. 2. — Erasure. (For particulars of these several grades of punishment, see the respective titles.) 224 QUESTFONS. HVA LI riC'ATIOlMfii. See ADMISHION. — A(JF- — (.'ANDIDATE. — DIHgUAI.IKIC.*- TI0N8.—FUKKH0RN. — MAIMED CANDlDATJ-ii. — MASTKll. — ritOFOaiNO MEMMKRH. The qualifications of a candidate for initiation 'into the mysterieB of Freemasonry are of tliree kinds, moral, men- tal, and phyBicai. The moral qualifications are that he shall neither be an Htheist, an infidel, nor an irreligious libertine, that he must be virtuous in his conduct and reputable in his char- acter, and obey tho moral law. Those (jualifications are necessary for the rfspoctability of the Fraternity. The mental qualifications of a candidate aro that he must be of sane mind, neither a fool, an idiot, nor a mad- man, but one who is responsible for his actions and able to understand the obligations and instructions of the Order, and to perform the duties of a Mason, and that he must be able to read and write, and he should be a lover of the liberal arts and sciences and have made some pro- gress in ono or the other of them. These qualifications are necessary for the security of the Fraternity. The physical qualifications of a candidate aro that he must be a man, freeborn and no bondsman but his own master, of mature age, of able body and known to be in reputable circumstances. These qualifications are neces- sary for the utility of the Fraternity. (For the qualifications of the Master of a Lodge : See Master.) QlJE§TIONS. The questions asked of a candidate before the prepara- tion for initiation are : — ill: QlJbRUM. 225 1. Do you b«lieve in the existence of a Supremo lioing ? 2. Do you believe that timt Supremo lieing will punish vice an«l reward virtue? 3. Do you believe that that Supreme Being has reveaUxl his will to man 1 HIJORIJIfl. At all meetings of a [)rivate Lodge whether regular or emergent — seven members of the same form a quorum— anrl no business can be transacted at any meeting unless at least seven members of the Lodge are present |.f|i '22(1 RANK. RAIISINO. See ADVANCEMENT. — DEGREES.— MASTER MASON. The term " raised " is used to designate the reception of a candidate into the third degree of Freemasonry — that of Master Mason. RANK. The rank of Lodges is determined by the number of their warrant oi constitution, as recorded in the books of the Grand Lodge. The lowest number has precedence. The Grand Lodge may by a two-thirds vote constitute any brother of eminence and ability who has rendered service to the Craft and who hails from a foreign jurisdic- tion, an honorary member of Grand Lodge, with such rank and distinction as it may deem appropriate, and may by a like vote in recognition of eminence, ability and ser- vices rendered, confer upon any of its own members such rank and distinction as it may deem appropriate. The rank of the olficers and members of the Grand Lodge is as follows : — The Grand Master. The Deputy Grand Master. District Deputy Grand Master. Grand Se:iior Warden. Grand Junior Warden. Grand Chaplain. Grand Treasurer. • ^ , Grand Registrar. Grand Secretary. Grand Senior Deacon. Grand Junior Deacon. Grand Superintendent of Works. RECOMMENDATION. • 227 Grand Director of Ceremonies. - . Assistant Grand Secretary Assistant Grand Director of Ceremonies. Grand 8 word Bearer. Grand Organist. Assistant Grand Organist. Grand Pursuivant. Grand Stewards. Grand Standard Bearers. Past Grand (Officers take rank respectively immediately after the present Grand OHicers, The privileges of Masonic rank in the Grand Lodge of Canada are restricted to those brethren who have ob- tained rank under this jurisdiction. The Masters, Past Masters, and Senior and Junior Wardens of private Lodges rank in the order of the num- bers of their respective Lodge warrants. RE4;OG]VITrO!V. See INFOKMATION, RKCOlVIinKIVDATIOlW. ♦ See CERTIFICATE.— VOUCIIIN(i. Every petition for initiation and every propoisition for affiliation must he recommended by at least two members of the Lodge who are Master Masons in good standing. This recommendation is considered as a voucher by the brethren giving it, that the candidate possesses the requisite qualifications for initiation, and that they are responsible for the truth of all the facts and statements contained in the application. AH brethren should, there- fore, exercise great caution in giving this recommenda- tion. They should be fully satisfied that the statements ; I, i5 228 REGISTRATTON. of the candidate as to his age, residence and other particulars, are true, and that he is, in all respects, qualified for admission. A recommendation cannot be given by a Lodge or any Officer or member of a Lodge, to enable a Mason to pro- ceed from Lodge to Lodge as a pauper, or in an itinerant manner to apply to Lodges for relief. REFRESHMEIVT. It is not desirable that spirituous or fermented liquors should be placed on the table during refreshment of Lodges. REGALIA. See CLOTHING. REGISTER. See BOOKS. REGI|S»TRATIOIV. See CERTIFICATE. — VISITOR. Every Lodge must be particularly careful in registering the names of the brethren initiated therein, and also in making the return of its members ; as no person is regu- larly entitled to partake of the general charity unless his name be duly registered, and he shall have been at least two years a contributing member of a Lodge. To prevent injury to individuals, by their being ex- cluded the privileges of Masonry, through the neglect of their Lodges in not registering their names, any brother 80 circumstanced, on producing sufficient proof that he has paid the full fees of his Lodge, shall be capable of enjoying the full privileges of the Craft. But the offend- REJECTION. 229 ing Lodge shall be reported to the Grand Lodge, and rigorously proceeded against for neglecting to make the proper return, and detaining moneys which are the property of the Grand Lodge and which had been paid to the Lodge for specific appropriation. KEf)iUL4R .MEETINGS. See MEETINGS. REGULATIONS. See OKAND LODGE. — LODGE, &C. In the Grand Lodge alone resides the power of enact- ing laws and regulations for the government of the Craft, and of altering, repealing and abrogating them, always taking care that the ancient landmarks of the Order are preserved. * . REI AST ATEmENT. See KESTORATION. REJECTION. ' See BALLOT. — CANDIDATE. No person can be made a Mason in, or admitted a member of a Lodge, it", on the ballot, two black balls appear against him. Some Lodges wish tor no such in- dulgence, but require the unanimous consent of the members present ; the By-laws of each Lodge must, there- fore, guide it in this respect, but if there be two black balls, such person cannot, on any pretence, be admitted. If the Committee on Character report unfavorably, the candidate is considered rejected, and it is not then proper or necessary to pass the ballot A rejected applicant for initiation cannot be balloted for again in the same Lodge, or in any other Lodge li I 230 RELIEF. within twelve months from the time of his rejection. This limitation of time refers to the ballot, and not to the application, so that it would be quite proper for the candidate to send in another application eleven months after the rejection. As the ballot could not be taken for one month after the application, the twelve months from the time < '' the rejection would then have expired. A candidate who has been rejected by one Lodge is not forever debarred the privilege of applying to another Lodge for admission. If he has changed his residence, and has lived for a year in the jurisdiction of another Lodge, he may apply to that Lodge for admission, with- out any reference to the Lodge which rejected him. After a rejection, no discussion of it is allowable in the Lodge, nor should any remarks whatever in relation to the candidate be permitted to be made. • A rejected applicant for affiliation may apply again to the same Lodge, or to any other Lodge at any time after his rejection. The limitation of twelve months' time, which applies to rejected candidates applying for initia- tion, has no reference to brethren applying for affilia- tion. Where two or more Lodges have concurrent jurisdic- tion, it is the duty of the Secretary of each Lodge to notify the other Lodge or Lodges of every rejected aj 'pli- cation, giving the name, residence and occupation of the rejected applicant. RELIGF. A Mason who is in good standing, and who is a mem- ber of some Lodge, is entitled to Masonic relief in case of distress. A member who is in arrear for dues, but not suspended , is entitled to relief. li iii^ RELIEF. 231 J II If a brother who is in arrear for dues, but not sus- pended, dies, his widow is entitled to Masonic reliei No Mason is entitled to partake of the general charity unless his namo be duly registered, and unless he has been, for two years at least, a contributing member of a Lodge. An unaffiliated Mason (that is one who is not a mem- ber of some regular Lodge) is not entitled to Masonic relief. But if a Lodge chooses to assist an unaffiliated brother, it is at liberty to do so. The principles of Masonic charity are liberal enough to include all in their operation. The following are the rules of the Grand Lodge of Canada regarding applications for relief : Private Lodges and Local Boards of Relief making ap- plication to Grand Lodge for aid from the Fund of Bene- volence, on behalf of a brother or the relatives of a deceased brother, must comply with these rules whether the application be for the first grant or a renewal. No grant can be made to an unaffiliated Mason or to the relatives of one who died unaffiliated. Grand Lodge grants are considered as supplementary to those of the Lodge or Local Board raakiog tho appli- cation. (As to the duty of the District Deputy Grand Master on relief applications. See District Deputy Grand Master.) Lodges and Local Boards are to notify the District Deputy Grand Master of their intended applications for relief in due time to enable him to make his enquiries and report. RULES OF GRAND LODGE RESPECTING GRANTS FROM THE FUNDS OF BENEVOLENCE. 1. All applications for relief must be made upon a ^nr 232 RELIEF. !!■ printed form which will be furnished by the Grand Sec- retary when applied for. 2. It is imperative to answer correctly the several questions in such printed forna. 3. It shall be competent for one or more private Lodges to form themselves into a local board of relief, and for such board to frame a code of By-laws and elect a chair- man and a Secretary-treasurer ; and when the formation of such board and its By-laws have been approved by the Board of General Purposes, the same shall be considered a duly constitued local board of relief under Grand Lodge. 4. All applications for relief shall be made either through a private Lodge, signed by the Master and Sec- retary thereof, with the seal of the Lodge affixed, or by a duly constituted local board of relief, signed by the Chair- man and Secretary- treasurer thereof; and in no case shall an application be made through an individual brother. 5. All applications for relief shall be sent to, and be in the possession of the Grand Secretary before the first day of June, immediately preceding the annual communication of Grand Lodge. 6. All grants from the funds of benevolence shall be payable in two equal, half-yearly payments, by an order issued by the President of the Board of General Purposes, countersigned by the Grand Secretary, and drawn upon the Grand Treasurer in favor of the grantee and the Master of the Lodge or of the Secretary-treasurer of the local board of relief from which the application for such grant issued, and it shall require the endorsation upon such order of both the grantee and of said Master or Secretary- treasurer (as the case may be), before the Grand Treasurer is authorized to honor such order. 7. All private Lodges through whose Master, and all ■If RELIEF. 233 local boards of relief through whose Secretary-treasurer such orders have been made payable, shall, on or before the fifteenth day of June, immediately preceding the annual communication of Grand Lodge, forward to the Grand Secretary a return upon a printed form, which form shall be furnished by the Grand Secretary when applied for. In such return there shall be shown in de- tail the whole amount of such grant or grants, made pay- able through such Master or Secretary-treasurer during the current fiscal year, as also the whole amount in detail of such grant or grants paid over to the grantee or gran- tees during that period ; together with such other informa- tion as may be required by such printed form of return. Such return shall be signed by the Master and Secretary of such Lodge, and have its seal aflBxed thereto, or by the Chairman and Secretary-treasurer of such local board of relief. 8. No order for any subsequent ["".nt shall be issued until such return for preceding grants shall have been received as aforesaid and found to be correct by the com- mittee on benevolence or Board of General Purposes. 9. A grant for which, by reason of the neglect to make such return, no order of payment for a subsequent grant has been issued within one year from the date such grant was made, shall be considered forfeited, and in order to obtain a grant a new application must be made. 10. All forms for applications and for returns are from time to time to be prepared by the Board of General Purposes. In 1889, the Grand Lodge decided that it should be imperative for every Lodge intending to recommend an application for relief from the fund of "benevolence of Grand Lodge, to pass a resolution to that effect in open 234 RKUGION. Lodge, record the Bame in the minute book and attach to each application for relief a copy of such resolution signed by the Master or presiding officer and Secretary of the Lodge, and having the seal of the Lodge attached thereto. Also, that the Master of every Lodge should report to the Lodge the receipt of the orders for all grants made payable through him, and that such information sliould be recoided in the minutes of the Lodge. Also, that it be made part of the duty of each District Deputy Grand Master, on the occasion of his official visit to the Lodges in his district, to ascertain whether any such Lodge intends to apply to Grand Lodge for bene- volence, and if so, to see that the forms are properly filled up and to get all the information in regard to such cases that may be possible and forward the same to the Grand Secretary. Also, that where it is impossible for a District Deputy Grand Master to reach every Lodge in his district, it shall, nevertheless, be his duty to ascertain whether bene- volence is required by such Lodge, and if so, to obtain the fullest information in reference thereto. REI^IGION. See BELIEF. Freemasonry does not interfere with the religious opinions of its members. " Let a man's religion or mode of worship be what it may, he is not excluded from the Order, provided he believes in the Glorious Architect of heaven and earth, and practise the sacred duties of mo- rality." REPEAL. 235 4 1 REMOTAL. A liodgo may bo removed from one place to another in the same District with the consent of the iJiHtrict Deputy Grand Maste.- of the District. A Lodge cannot he i«)moved from a place in one dis- trict to a place in another district, without the sanction of the Grand Master or the Grand Lodge. When it is considered desirable to remove a Lodge from its usual place of meeting to some other place, notice of motion for such removal should be given at a regular meeting, and a summons forthenext regular meeting should be sent to all the members of the Lodge, stating that the question of removal would then be considered and acted upon. If the motion for removal is carried, a copy of the motion should be sent to the District Deputy Grand Master, with a certificate from the Secretary stating the number of members belonging to the Lodge, the number of mem- bers present at the meeting and the majority by which the motion was carried. The reasons for the removal, showing why it is considered desirable, should also be given. Upon the consent of the Grand Master or District Deputy Grand Master, being obtained, the Lodge may be removed and notice of the removal sent to the Grand Secretary. (For removal of officers, See Officers.) REPEAL. A Lodge cannot, at an emergency meeting, repeal, alter or annul a resolution passed at a previous regular meeting. A motion to repeal a clause of the Constitution re- quires one year's previous notice to be given before being acted upon. 236 RESIDENCE. !l i , ii ij i. fi 1 ft ', 1 i A. ^ \>. A motion to repeal a By-law requires such previous no- tice to be given as ia upecified in the Hy-lawH. A motion to reconsider or rescind a resolution duly passed by the Lodge, requires notice to be given at a preceding meeting. RE PRESENT ATI YES. See INSTRUCTIONS. — PROXY. — VOTING. The representatives of a Lodge are the Master and Wardens. Should neither the Master nor the Wardens of a Lodge be able to attend any communication of the Grand Lodge, the Lodge may appoint a Master or Past Master as proxy, and such proxy is then the representative of the Lodge. A Lodge may give instructions to its representatives as to any matter coming before the Grand Lodge, and these instructions must be obeyed by the representa- tives. REPRimiA'VD. See ADMONITION.— TRIAL. Reprimand is the lowest grade of Masonic punishment. It can only be infflicted after due trial and conviction, and when voted by a majority of the members present. The reprimand is to be delivered by the Master in open Lodge, as a punishment for the offence of which the brother has been found guilty. RE§IDE]«€E. See CANDIDATE.— JURISDICTION. — PR0F0SIN(4 MEMBERS. The place of residence of a candidate for initiation, or an applicant for affiliation, must be inserted in the sum- UKSRINATION. 237 mons sent to all t! • members of the Lodge, for the meet- ing at which the ballot is to be taken. A candidate cannot be initiated unless he has resided for one year in the jurisdiction of the Lodj?e to which he seeks admission, except he produces a certificate of char- acter from the J^odge nearest to the place of his previous residence. The year's residence reijuired previous to initiation means a residence for the year immediately preceding the initiation. A residence for any other year would not be sufficient to dispense with the necessity of producing the required certificate of character. A temporary absence from home during the year does not affect the (juestion of residence. A man's residence is his home or domicile, his usual place of abode, or where his family lives, al- though his business may require him to be away from home frequently^ or for lengthened periods. A Lodge cannot initiate a candidate who resides in the jurisdiction of another Lodge, without a dispensation from the Grand Master for that purpose having been Hrst obtained. The jurisdiction of Lodges as to residence extends in every direction from the Lodge room half- way to the nearest Lodge, in a direct or air line. In a city or town where there is more than one Lodge, each Lodge therein has concurrent jurisdiction. RESIOMATIOaf. See DIM IT. —OFFICERS. — WITHDRAWAL. The resignation of a member dissolves all connection between himself and his former Lodge, but it does not at all affect his general relations with the Fraternity, or his obligatory duties as a Mason. No member should be allowed to resign unless he is in good standing and free from all charges and his dues paid. 238 UKSTOIIATION. ;l ■'I ! Whenever a member of a Lodge resigns, he is entitled to bo furnished with a certiHcute of h\» standing or dimit Any officer of a warranted Lodge may resign his ofHce with the consent of the Lodge, and upon his n^signution being accepted if the office is an elected one, the Lodge shall fill the vacancy by an election at the next regular meeting after notice of such election has been sent to all the members of that Lodge ; and if the office is an ap- pointed one, the Master may fill the vacancy by his ap- pointment at once. Provided that no brother shall be entitled to past rank in any office, unless he has served a •full term of twelve mouths in such office. In case of death, or removal from office, of any officer of a private Lodge, the vacancy shall be filled as above provided. (For the form of resignation, ^?t'« Ai'PENDix.) RR^TORATIOIV. • The Grand Lodge, as the Supreme Masonic tribunal, may restore or reinstate an)' suspended or expelled Mason within its jurisdiction, whenever the circumstances of the case may seem to warrant such an exercise of prerogative. When a District Deputy Grand Master is satisfied that any brother has been unjustly or illegally suspended, re- moved or excluded from any of his Masonic functions or privileges, by a Lodge within his district, he may order him to be immediately restored. If the Lodge or any member of the Lodge feels ag- grieved at the order of restoration made by the District Deputy Grand Master, an appeal against such order may be made to the Grand Lodge. A member suspended for non paym ^nt of dues shall be immediately restored by the Lodge without a fresh BEaTORAnON. 23!) ballot, on paymont being made of all arrt^urs owing at the time ot hi» BU8[)en8ion,an(l of the regular Lodge (liieu tor the period he was so suspended, notice thereof being given to the (fraud Secretary, and the District Deputy Grand Master of the district in which the Lodge is situated. A Lodge has not tlie power to restore an expelled Mason to membership, nor to his former rights and privi- leges in Masonry. A suspended Mason may be restored by the Grand Lodge or by the Lodge which suspended him. A suspended Mason (unless suspended for non-payment of dues), seeking restoration, shall petition the Lodge by which he was suspended for his restoration. The petition shall be ^'eceived at a regular meeting of the Lodge, and shall lie over until the next regular meeting thereafter before final action thereon. The Secretary of the Lodge shall notify all the members of the Lodge of such petition, at least one week before the meeting at which the question of restoration is to be voted upon. The vote on the restoration shall bo by ballot ; and it shall require a majority of two thirds of the members present for its adoption. If the Lodge has ceased to exist, the petition may be made direct to the Grand Lodge. Any Mason suspended for non-payment of dues seeking re-instatement, shall, on payment of dues, be restored to membership in accordance with the Constitution of Grand Lodge, witho\it presenting such petition ; Provided that if the Lodge frmn which a Mason shall have been suspended for nonpayment of dues has ceased to exist, a petition for re-instatement may be made to the Grand Lodge. lliMII tip 240 RETURNS. ii i\ i I Definite suspension shall expire by limitation ; and any Mason so sxispended shall be entitled to resume mem- bership and all the rights aud priviledgea thereof, at the expiration of the tjme defined in his senten/je, without vote or other action on the part of the Lodge. In all cases of restoration by the Grand Lodge, the restored brother resumes the status of a non-affiliated brother. In all cases of restoration by a private Lodge the bro- ther is restored to all his Masonic rights and privileges, including membership in his Lodge. Whenever the Grand Lodge or the Grand Master or District Deputy Grand Master, on a review of the trial or other proceedings of a Lodge, resulting in the suspen- sion of a Mason, shall reverse or annul the judgment of said proceedings, or shall order a new trial, the accused shall be thereby restored to all his rights, privileges and mem- bership. When a case is remanded for new trial, no amendment shall be made to the original charges, unless the accused have due and timely notice thereof. (For the form of petition for restoration, See Appendix.) RETURN8. See ARREARS. — BOOKS. — CERTIFICATES FEES. The returns of Lodges required to be made to the Grand Lodge are necessary in order that the Grand Lodge may be made acquainted with the condition of its subor- dinate Lodges, and the progress of the Order within its jurisdiction. Each return should give all the particulars of the work of the Lodge since the date of the previous return, the names of all brethren initiated, with the age, residence RETURNS. 241 and occupation of each ; the dates of the proposal, initi- ation, passing and raising ; the names of all brethren joining, the Lodges from which they hail and the date of afRliaticn, and all deaths, resignations and suspensions. There saould also be a synopsis of the membership of the Lodge, showing the number of members on the last re- turn, the additions ? nd deductions since, and the present number of members. The fees due to the Grand Lodge bhould be sent with the return to the Grand Secretary. Each return should be signed by the Master and Secre- tary, and sealed with the seal of the Lodge. It is the retiring Master and Secretary who should sign the return for the half-year ending with their official term, and not the newly elected Master and Secretary. It is the duty of the District Deputy Grand Master to see that the returns of the Lodges in his District have been regularly sent to the Grand Secretary, with the fees and dues that may have accrued, and on the refusal or neglect of a Lodge to make such returns and payments, he may suspend such Lodge. No brother is permitted to attend the Grand Lodge as Master, Past Master, or Warden, until his name and ap- pointment have been duly returned and transmitted to the Grand Secretary's office. Should any Lodge have neglected to make its returns and payments to the Grand Lodge for more than one year, the Master, Wardens or other representatives of such Lodge, can not be permitted to attend any meeting of the Grand Lodge until such returns and payments shall have been completed. Each Lodge is to make its returns and payments semi- annually to the Grand Secretary, and in case of neglect for more than one year to make such returns and pay- 242 RETURNS. ments, or if the Lodge does not meet during that period, it is liable to be erased. The Master and Wardens, or other representative of any Lodge which shall have neg- lected for more than one year to make such returns and payments to the Grand Lodge, are thereby disqualified from attending the Grand Lodge or sitting upon any committer until those returns and payments shall have been completed. A private Lodge failing to make its returns and pay- ments as aforesaid for the space of one year after the same are due, may be summoned to show cause why it should not be suspended, or why its warrant should not be with- drawn or declared forfeited. Each Lodge is to annually make a return to the Grand Secretary, of the Master, Wardens, and Past Masters of the Lodge, including all members who claim to be entitled to attend in -Grand Lodge as Past Masters, as having served the office of Master in some other Lodge, specify- ing the Lodge in which each of such Past Masters has served the office of Master ; and no brother is permitted to attend in Grand Lodge, unless his name appears in some such return. Every Lodge must be particularly careful in registering the names of the brpthren initiated therein, and also in making the return of its members ; as no person is regu- larly entitled to partake of the general charity unless his name be duly registered, and he shall have been at least two years a contributing member of a Lodge. To prevent injury to individuals, by their being ex- cluded the privileges of Masonry, through the neglect of their Lodges in not registering their names, any brother so circumstanced, on producing sufficient proof that he has paid the full fees of his Lodge, shall be capable of enjoy- I RIGHTS. 243 ing the full privileges of the Craft. But the offending Lodge shall be reported to the Grand Lodge and rigor- ously proceeded against for neglecting to make the proper return, and detaining moneys which are the property of the Grand Lodge, and which has been paid to the Lodge for specific appropriation. Every brother is entitled to a Grand Lodge certificate, immediately upon being registered in the books of the Grand Lodge, for which certificate the Lodge shall pay two dollars. Each Lodge, therefore, when it makes a re- turn of the Masons whom it has initiated, shall, in addi- tion to the registration fee, make a remittance of the money for the certificates. Every return or other document upon which a Grand Lodge Certificate is to be issued, must specify not only the date of initiation, but also the days on which the brother was advanced to the second and third de- grees. All applications for Grand Lodge Certificates must be made to the Grand Secretary ; and if the name of the brother wishing for the certificate has not previously been registered, the money payable on registration must be transmitted at the same time, as no certificate can, on any account, be issued until such money has been paid. RIGHTS. See PRIVILEGES. The rights of a member of a Lodge are : — To attend his Lodge and take part in its proceed- ings. To vote upon all questions brought before the Lodge. 244 RITUAL. To cast his ballot for or against all candidates for ad- mission without giving any reason therefor. To visit any Lodge while it is not engaged in private business. To a fair trial, if accused of any Masonic offence. To appeal to the Grand Lodge. To be relieved and comforted, if in want, sickness or distress. To Masonic burial, by his Lodge, if practicable, or by the Lodge in whose jurisdiction he may die. To withdraw from the Lodge, if not under charges or sentence. A brother cannot by mere resolution of the Lodge be deprived of his rights and privileges as a Mason. RITUAL.. The ritual of B'reemasonry comprises the forms of open- ing and closing a Lodge, of initiating, passing and raising, and of conducting the other peculiar ceremonies of the Order. All Lodges are particularly bound to observe the same usages and customs ; every deviation, therefore, from ths established mode of working, is highly improper, and cannot be justified or countenanced. In order to pre- serve this uniformity, and to cultivate a good understand- ing among Freemasons, some members of every Lodge should be deputed to visit the other Lodges as often as may be convenient. A Lodge cannot lawfully work any ritual but that authorized by the (irand Lodge to which it is subordinate. It is not correct work to initiate, pass or raise two or more candidates together. 1 RULES OF ORDER. 246 RULES OF ORDKR. See GENERAL BUSINESS. — ORDER OF BUSINESS. ■ Rules of order for the proper conduct of the business of a Lodge may be specified in the By-laws of a Lodge. Where they are not so specified, all discussion is regulat- ed by the direction of the Master. The following rules of order may be found useful as a guide : — 1. Every brother, desirous of speaking, shall stand up in his place, and address himself to the Master. 2. When two or more brethren rise to speak at the same time, the Master shall decide as to the one who, in his opinion, is entitled to the floor. 3. No brother shall speak twice on the same question, ' unless by permission of the Master. 4. No brother shall be so unmasonic as to interrupt .^ another while speaking, or disturb him by hissing, ap- ' ' plauding, unnecessary coughing, loud whisper: ng, or other unseemly noise. 5. No personal or abusive remarks, or other improper language, shall be used by any brother in debate. (). Points of order decided by the Master are not de- batable. 7. If the Master indicate a desire to speak while a bro- ther is on the floor, that brothb. shall immediately sit down, that the Master may be heard. 8. All brethren shall observe the first call of the gavel. 9. No yisitor shall speak on any question, unless by permission of the Master. The use of the technicality known as *' the previous question," is not Ma.sonic. r-w 246 RULING LODGE. The Master has charge of all debates in Lodge, and may close them when he chooses. A resolution once adopted by a private Lodge cannot be re-considered or rescinded without notice thereof given at a pireceding meeting. RIJL.IB7G LODGE. See MASTER.~PAST MASTER.— WARDENS. ^vJ<, SEAL. 347 (SCRUTINEERS. See et;ection. Two or three scrutineers of the ballot should be ap- pointed by the Master, at the election of the officers of a Lodge, before the voting commences. It is the duty of the scrutineers to count the votes for each candidate, and to report the result to the Master. They ehall report the total number of votes in the Lodge, the number ne- cessary to a choice (being a majority of all the votes present), and the number of votes cast for each candidate. It is no part of the duty of the scrutineers to declare any candidate elected. They should report the result of the ballot, as above, and the Master then declares the candidate who has the majority duly elected, or if no candidate has received a majority, he declares that there has been no choice, and he directs another ballot to be taken. In Grand Lodge, at the election of officers, twelve scrutineers are appointed, who must not be Grand Lodge officers or nominees for office or members of the Board of General Purposes. Their duty is to make a correct report of the result of the ballot through the brother first named. They act in sections of threes, to whom are allotted separate parcels of ballots and before entering on their duties they solemnly pledge themselves to perform the same truly and faithfully. SEAL.. The use of the Seal of the Grand Lodge is strictly limited to official Grand Lodge documents issued by the Grand Master or by the Grand Secretary with the au- thority of the Grand Master or the Grand Lodge. It 248 SECRECY. should not be used, nor should any imitation of it be used on circulars or correspondence of the District Deputy Grand Masters. Every Lodge must have a Masonic seal, to be affixed to all documents proper to be issued. An impression of the seal must be sent to the Grand Secretary, and whenever the seal is changed, an im- pression of the new seal must also be sent to that officer. Where it is practicable, the seal should contain either a symbolical or an allegorical allusion to the name of the Lodge. SECRECY. See BALLOT. Secrecy is one of the first duties enjoined upon every Mason. Everything that takes place in a Lodge is to be kept secret from those who are not Masons. Any improper revelation of the proceedings of a Lodge, or of any part of Masonry, which is directed to be kept secret, is a Masonic offence, and renders the offender liable to Masonic discipline. No brother shall presume to print, or publish, or cause to be printed or published, the proceedings of any Lodge or any part thereof, or the names of the persons present at such Lcdge^ without the direction of the Grand Mas- ter, or the District Deputy Grand Master, under pain of being expelled from the Order. This law is not to ex- tend to the wi'iting, printi|ig, or publishing of any notice or summons issued to thr members of a Lodge, by the authority ^of the Master,or the proceedings of any festival or public meeting at which persons not Masons are per- mitted to be present. SECRETARY. i>49 Any brother who violatcH the secrecy of the ballot on candidates for initiation or membership, by stating how he voted or intended to vote, or by endeavouring to as- certain how a brother voted, or if he should be aware and mention it to another brother, renders himself liable to expulsion. §k:€RETary. See MINUTES. — OFFlCERa. The Secretary of a Lodge is the officer who records the proceedings and conducts the correspondence of a Lodge. Noxt to the Master, the Secretary is the most important officer of a Lodge, as upon his efficiency and the proper performance of his duties depend, in a great measure, the welfare and prosperity of the Lodge. The Secretary is one of the elective officers of the Lodge. He is elected annually, and holds office until his successor is regularly elected and installed. It is the duty of the retiring Secretary to sign the grand Lodge return for the half-year ending with his term cf office A Lodge may, by a special By-law, invest its Master with the privilege of appointing the Secretary. This By- law must be sanctioned by a two-thirds majority of the members present at a meeting regularly convened for the consideration thereof. The duties of the Secretary of a Lodge are generally defined in the By-laws. The following draft of a By-law for this purpose may be found useful : — " The Secretary shall be exempt from the payment of all Lodge dues. He shall keep a faithful record of the proceediags of the Lodge, and preserve in order all papers and docivments belonging thereto. He shall keep a cor- rect register of the members, and |of their respective 250 SENKm WARDEN. accounts with tho Lodge, and an account showing the fees and dues received for, and payable to, the (jSrand Lodge. He shall sign all authorized certificates, ami aftix the Lodge Soal thereto ; issue all necessary notices and summonses for meetings, &c. ; countersign all orders and charges of the Master ; prepare all returns required by the Grand Lodge ; notify the members of every com- mittee of their appointment, and the nature of their duties ; receive all moneys paid by members or others to the Lodge, and pay the same to the Treasurer before the next regular meeting ; and discharge all other duties appertaining to the office of Secietary." Where two or more Lodges have concurrent jurisdiction it is the duty of the Secretary of each Lodge to notify the other Tiodge or Lodges of every rejected application, giving- the name, residence and occupation of the rejected applicant. SENIOR WARDEN. See MASTER.— OFFICERS. — PAST MASTER. — WARDENS. The Senior Warden is an elective officer of the Lodge next in rank to the Master. His jewel of office is ,tho level, indicating equality, and that the duties of his sta- tion ought to be exercised with strict impartiality. Regularity of attendance at the meetings of the Lodge is an essential duty of this officer, as, in the absence of the Master, he is to i le the Lodge, and, in his presence, he is to assist him in its government. The Senior Warden is elected annually, and holds office until his successor is elected and installed. The Lodge By-Laws generally provide that, beyond the regular duties appertaining to this office, the Senior Warden shall keep an inventory of the jewels, paraphernalia and furni- ture of the Lodge, cause them to be properly insured S BR VICE. 251 against loss by fire, and especially sue tu their safe keeping. If the Master should die, or be renaoved, or be incapa- ble of discharging the duties of his office, the Senior War- den acts A8 Master in summoning the Lodge until a new Master is elected. If the Master be not present, and if no Past Master of the Lodge be present, the Senior Warden may rule the Lodge, and conduct all the ordinary business of the Lodge ; but ho cannot confer any degrees. While ruling the Lodge, the Senior Warden sits in the east, but not in the Master's chair. The Master's chair can only be taken by an installed Master or Past Master, so that a seat should be provided for the Senior Warden when acting as Master, and placed immediately in front of the Master's chair. The Junior Warden remains in his proper place, and the Acting Master appoints some . brother to act as Senior Warden pro tempore. SEIVTEMCE. Set', TRIAL. SERVICE. See SUMMONS. — TRIAL. When charges are preferred against a brother, the summons to appear and a copy of the charges should be personally served upon the accused brother. If personal service cannot be effected, by reason of the brother being out of the jurisdiction, or his residence being unknown, service will be sufficient if the papers are sent to the brother by mail, addressed to him at his last known place of residence, or left at his last known place of residence, or with a gr n-up member of his family. The service of a summons to appear made on a brother 252 81UMATURE. in anothor jurisiHction is good service for all Mrhoiuc pur poses. Service on a brother who, at the time, is undergoiug imprisonment as a convict is good service, and forms no ground for an appeal against his suspension. fiiERVIIVCii IIRRTIIREIV. Serving l>rethren may be initiated without the pay- ment of any fee, provided that a dispensation for that purpose! is first obtained from the Grand Master or Dis- trict Deputy CJraud Master. SEYEN DA1§' IVOTICE. ^ee EMKiUiKNcy. SICiNATlJRI]. Every brother must sign the by-laws of the Lodge on the day of his initiation. A brother affiliating with a Lodge must sign the By- laws of the Lodge after he has been balloted for and ac- cepted. Every brother to whom a Grand Lodge Certificate is granted must sign his name iu the margin thereof, or it will not be valid. This should be done iu the presence of the Master or the Secretary of the Lodge. If the brother has removed to a distance before he has received his certificate, the certificate should be sent to the Master of the nearest Lodge, who will deliver it to the brother on his making personal application for it, and signing it in his presence. The signature should be in the usual handwriting of the brother. It then becomes a means of identifying the brother who is the true owner, in case the certificate should be lost and come into the possession of one not entitled to it. I SUMMONS. Hee KM KK(;EN < ;Y. — M KK'l I N( ;S. 253 SPECIFICATIONS. See <'HAK(iKS. — TIUAI-. — FORMS. STRIKING FROM ROLL. See KIJASUKK. — KXI'ULSION. — SUSl'KNSlON. SUMMONS. (For forms of bumni(»ii8, See Ai'FENDlx.) A Btiranions for every Lodge meeting, whether regular or emergent, should t^e sent by the Secretiiry to each member of the Lodge. It should contain a notice of the place where, and the lime when, the Lodge is to be held, and a statement of the principal busine.sH proposed to be transacted and the degrees to be conferred. To constitute a legal notice or summons for any Lodge meeting, seven clear days must elapse between the notice and the meeting. A copy of every summons, whether for a regular or emergent meeting, issued to the members of a Lodge, must be sent to the District Deputy Grand Master of the Dis- trict in which the Lodge is situated. When a brother applying for atliliation is to be bal- loted for, his name, occupation and place of abode, and the name and number of the Lodge of which he is or was last a member, or in which he was initiated, must be sent to all members of the Lodge, in the summons issued for the meeting at which the ballot is to be taken. When a candidate for initiation is to be balloted for, his name, age, addition or profession and place of abode must be sent to all the members of the Lodge in the sum- 254 SUMMONS. mons issued for the meeting at which the ballot is to be taken. In case any of these particulars should not be stated in the summons, the Master would be justified in post- poning the ballot until the proper notices should have been sent. The Grand Master may summon any Lodge or brother to attend him, and to produce the warrant, books, papers, and accounts of such Lodge, or the certificate of such brother. If the summons be not complied with, nor a sufficient reason given for non-compliance, such summons is to be re|.eated as a peremptory summons ; if such last summons be not attended to, such Lodge or brother may be suspended, and the proceeding notified to the Grand Lodge. The District Deputy Grand Master may summon any Lodge or brother within his district to attend him, and to produce the warrant, books, papers, and accounts o' such Lodge, or the certificate of such brother. If the sum- mons is not complied with, nor a sufficient reason given for non-compliance, a peremptory summons shall be is- sued ; and in case of contumacy he may suspend the Lodge or brother until the next communication of the Grand Lodge, or until the decision of the Grand JVIaster shall be made known thereon. The Board of Gen^sral Purposes may summon any Lodge or brother tc^attend it, and to produce the war- rant, books, papers, and accounts of the Lodge, or the certificate of the brother. If such Lodge or brother do not comply, nor give sufficient reason for non-compliauce, a peremptory summons shall be issued ; and in case of contumacy, the Lodge or brother shall be suspended, and the proceedings notified to the Grand Lodge. P. I ^ SUSPENSION. 255 If any Lodge, or its Master and Wardens, be summoned to attend, or to produce its warrant, books, papers or ac- counts to the Grand Master, his Deputy, the District Deputy Grand Master, or any board or committee authorized hf the Grand Lodge, and do not comply nor give sufficient reason for non-compliance, a peremptory summons shall be issued ; and, in case of contumacy, such Lodge may be suspended, and the proceedings notified to the Grand Lodge. When a Lodge is suspended, all its members are placed under Masonic disabilities, unless some special exception is made by a dispensation from the Grand Mastfir. day SUNDAY. • It is not proper to hold a Lodge meeting on a Sun- §ISPENSI01V. ■GRAND LODGE OFFICERH. — OFFENCES. — See CHARGES.- TRIAL. Suspension is a Masonic punishment, by which a bro- ther is temporarily deprived of his rights and privileges as a Mason. Suspension may be definite or indefinite in the period of its duration. Indefinite suspension for any offence subjects an oflfend- er, during such suspension, to an absolute deprivation of all the rights, privileges and benefits of Masonry, to the offender and his family. Definite suspension is for a certain limited period, at the expiration of which the brother is restored to his former standing, without any special action by the Lodge. Definite suspension cannot be inflicted for ajonger period I 2ofi SUSPENSION. than three years, nor for a shorter period than three months. Suspension for non-payment of dues is terminated by the payment of all arrears of dues. A Lodge or a brother may be suspended by the Grand Master, the District Deputy Grand Master or the Board of General Purposes, for contumacy, or for non-attend- ance on a peremptory summons, or for not complying with an order regularly made by some competent Masonic authority. A suspension by the Grand Master is to be reported to the Grand Lodge, and it remains in force until removed by the Grand Master or the Grand Lodge. The District Deputy Grand Master may hear and de- termine any subject of Masonic complaint on being speci- ally authorized to do so by the Grand Lodge, and may proceed to admonition or suspension. A suspension by the District Deputy Grand Master is to be reported to the Grand Master and it remains in force until the decision of the Grand Master shall be made known thereon, or until the next communication of the Grand Lodge. It may be removed by the Grand Master, the District Deputy Grand Master, the Board of General Purposes or the Grand Lodge. The Board of General Purposes may hear and deter- mine alU subjects of Masonic complaint or irregularity respecting Lodges or individual Masons, when regularly brought before it and may proceed to admonition or sus- pension. Its decision is final, unless an appeal be made to the Grand Lodge. A suspension by the Board of General Purposes is to be reported to the Grand Lodge, and it remains in force until removed by the Board or by the Grand Lodge. SUSPENSION. 257 A suspended Lodge places all its members under Masonic disability, except by special dispensation to be granted by the Grand Master only. Every Lodge has the power of suspending a member, for the commission of any Masonic offence or for non- payment of dues, and in cases of a serious nature, the Lodge may recommend to Grand Lodge that the offender be expelled. The proceedings are to be in strict con- formity with the regulations adopted by Grand Lodge for the government of Masonic trials. The name of every brother suspended, together with the cause of his suspen- sion, shall he sent to the Grand Secretary, and also to the 'District Deputy Grand Master. A member under su.spension by his Lodge is not eligible for admission to any other Lodge. Suspension for any cause is a deprivation of all the brother's Masonic rights and privileges for the time dur- ing which the suspension is in force. A brother who dies while under suspension cannot be buried with Masonic honors, nor is his widow or his family entitled, as of right, to any Masonic relief. If a brother is a member of two or more Lodges and is suspended by one Lodge, he is suspended from all, and he cannot attend or visit any Lodge while he is sus- pended. ' A suspension by a Lodge or other conipetent Masonic authority in another jurisdiction, affects the standing of the suspended brother wherever he may go, and it must be respected everywhere by all Masonic Lodges and brethren. If a brother who is a member of two Lodges in differ- ent jurisdictions is suspended by one Lodge, he is sus- pended from both. 258 SUSPENSION FOR NON-PAYMENT OF DUES. The Master of a Lodge has no power to suspend a brother. A Lodge cannot suspend a brother without proper notice and due trial. The removal of a suspension restores the brother to all his rights and privileges as a Mason, including meni- bershi{) in his Lodge. Every Lodge must communicate to the Grand Secre- tary and to the District Deputy Grand Master of the District in which the Lodge is situated, all sus{)ensions as they may severally occur. A brother who has been suspended for un masonic con- duct is not liable to his Lodge for dues accruing during the period of his suspension. SIJSPEIW8ION FOR JVOJW-PAYIHI^IKT OF DVES. Any member of a Lodge who may be in arrears for dues to such Lodge may be proceeded against and sus- pended in accordance with the provisions of the By-laws of such Lodge in respect of the same^ and the Constitu- tion of the Grand Liodge. In case no provision has been made in the By-laws of a Lodge for notice to and procedure against a member for non-payment of dues, the following procedure may be adopted. Where the djies of a member remain unpaid for twelve months, it shall be the duty of the Secretary of the Lodge to read out the name of the member in default, after which a special summons shall be sent to the defaul- ter, giving a statement of the amount of dues in arrear, and calling upon him to appf;ar at the next regular meeting of the Lodge, to show cause why he should not be suspended for non-payment of dues. SUSPENSION FOR NON-PAYMENT OF DUES. 259 The summons shall be deemed to be duly served if it is sent by mail to the last known address of such meml)er. If the member in default shall not have paid the amount of his dues before the next regular meeting, and no ex- cuse be offered such as the Lodge may deem sufficient, the Master shall forthwith declare such brother sus- pended for non-payment of dues, and the Secretary shall notify the brother of such suspension. If any excuse be offered, the Lodge sball decide by a majority vote whether the same is suflficient or not. Notice of suspension shall be sent to the Grand Secre- tary and the District Deputy Grand Master of the Dis- trict in which the liodge is situated. A. member suspended for non-payment of dues shall be immediately restored by the Lodge without a fresh bal- lot, on payment being made of all arrears owing at the time of his suspension, and of such further sum, if any, as the Lodge may require not exceeding the amount of the regular Lodge dues fo: iJhe period he was so suspend- ed, notice thereof being given to the Grand Secretary, and the District Deputy Grand Master of the District in which the Lodge is situated. The Lodge may remit the whole or any part of the arrears, or the dues accruing during his suspension, after notice of such motion has been given to the jnembers of the Lodge. A brother cannot be suspended for non-payment of dues unless he has been duly summoned to show cause why he should not be suspended ; should no attention be paid to the summons, the case would go by default ; but if the brother attend, he has a right to a trial. A brother who is suspended for non-payment of dues cannot attend or visit any Lodge during the period of his suspension. 260 SUSPENSION FOR NON-PAYMENT OF DUES. A Lodge may remit the dues of a brother who has been suspended for non-payment of dues (or may remit part of the arrears on payment of the remainder) and re- store the brother to good standing ; but, in sucii a case, the Lodge is responsible to the Grand Lodge for the whole of the Grand Lodge dues, payable to the Grand Lodge in respect of such brother, which accrued during the period of suspension. If a brother who is a member of two or more liodges is suspended by one Lodge for non-payment of dues, he is suspended from all. If a brother is a member of two Lodges in different jurisdictions and is suspended by one Lodge for non-pay- ment of dues, he is suspended from both. Suspension for non-payment of dues, by competent Masonic authority, in a foreign jurisdiction, affects the standing of the brother suspended, wherever he may be. A By-law which deprives a member who may be in ar- rears for dues, but not suspended, of the right to speak or vote on any question before the Lodge, is illegal and void. TIME. 261 TAX. See ASSESSMENT. TERRITORIAL JIJRIilDICTIOIV. See JURISDICTION. TEST. See VISITOR. TESTIMOIWY. See TRIAL. TIE VOTE. See VOTING. TIME. Seven clear days' notice is required to be given to hold a Lodge of emergency. Four weeks must elapse from the time of the reception of the application of a brother for affiliation, before he can be balloted for. Four weeks must elapse from the time of the reception of the application of a candidate for initiation, before he can be balloted for, except in cases of emergency. (See Emergency.) One month must elapse from the reception of one de- gree, before the next degree can be conferred, except by dispensation from the Grand Master. This month is a lunar month, or four weeks, and not a calendar month. A rejected applicant for initiation cannot be again bal- loted for, within twelve months from the time of his re- jection. t 262 TRIAL. Twenty-ono clays notice of appeal to the Uraml Lodge must be given to the Grand Secretary. TREASURER. The Treasurer of a Lodge is an elective othcer. He is elected annually by the Lodge by ballot. His duties are specified in the By-laws of the Lodge. In general, lie is to receive all moneys of the Lodge, take proper care of them, and pay them out on the order of the Master, countersigned by the Secretary, and keep an accurate ac- count of His receipts and disburseiueiitB. A Lodge may re(|uire its Treasurer to give security for the faithful discharge of his duties. The security should be in the shape of a bond, with two solvent sure- ties, lOr an amouat sufficient to secure the Lodge against possible loss. The amount of the bond is generally dou- ble the amount of the largest sum remaining in the hands of the Treasurer at any time. A Treasurer can only be relieved of his Masonic re- sponsibility for the funds entrusted to his keeping by payment in full, unless, in case of a defaulting Treasurer, the Lodge have expressly agreed to some compromise or settlement A Treasurer in default is liable to suspen- sion or expulsion. TRIAL. See APPEAL.— CHARGES. — FORMS IN APPENDIX.— JURIS- DICTION.— SERVICE.— SUMMONS.— SUSPENSION. The following rules and directions are pDScribed for regulating the manner of submitting and proceeding with the trial of Masonic offences other than that of non-pay- ment of dues. TRIAL. 263 CHARGES AND OTHER SPECIFI€ATION§. All 'jhar;;('8 of unmasonic conduct shall be made in writing, with particulars specifying with reaHonable cer- tainty the character of the oftence alleged, and the time and place of its oomniiseion, as near hh may be practica- ble, and be signed by the accuser, who must be an athliat- ed Master Mason, in good standing. All charges and particulars shall be fyled with the Se- cretary of the Lodge, who shall forthwith notify all the members of the Lodge that such charges have been re- ceived and that they will be read at the next regular meeting, ^«rhich shall be held not less than eight days after the charges have been received, and at such meet- ing the charges shall be road in open Lodge. The trial of charges may proceed at any meeting ap- pointed for that purpose, and continue until completed ; and in case the trial be not completed at one meeting, it may be continued at any subsequent meeting to which the same nwiy be postponed. Notice of any postpone- ment or adjournment shall bo given to all parties con* cerned. RECEIVING CHARGES, PKELI9I11VA.RV PROCEEDINGS, NOTICES, Ac. When charges shall be presented and read as provided above, the Lodge shall decide by a majority vote whether the charges shall be accepted, and the accused brother be placed on trial, or the charges be dismissed ; when deci- ded in the affirmative, the charges cannot be withdrawn, except for cause shown, and by the vote of two thirds of the members present ; such charges shall not be amended except by a raaji)rity vote, of which proposed ameadment the accused shall have due notice. 264 TRIAL. Immediately upon the acceptance of charges by a Lodge, the Master shall appoint the time and place for trial ; and it shall be the duty of the Master to cause the accused to be served with a duly attested copy of the charges and particulars, and notice stating the time and place appointed for the trial thereof; provided always, that the accused shall be entitled to reasonable time and opportunity to prepare nis defence. I£ the accused shall neglect or refuse to attend in per • son, or by some brother authorized in writing to act ii,s his counsel, after notice has been duly served on him, or if notice cannot be served on him personally by reason of his residence being unknown or beyond the limits of the District in which the Lodge is located, ther\ a copy of such notice shall be sent to him by mail, addressed to him at his last known place of residence, or left at his last known place of residence, or with a grown-up mem- ber of his family ; and upon proof that the notice has been sent to him, or left for him as above prescribed, the Lodge, at the time in such notice specified, may proceed without his presence, and conduct the proceedings to a final issue ; provided that at least one regular meeting shall intervene between the time of mailing, sending or leaving such notice, and any action by the Lodge in pur- suance thereof ; in such cases the. Lodge shall appoint a competent brother to act as counsel for, or representative of, the accused. In every case where a flagrant oflence shall be commit- ted by any Mason present while the Ix>dge is at labor, the foregoing rules requiring notice and delay may be dispensed with, and the Master may order the of- fending brother to ^ow cause instanter -why he should UQ% b^ punished, and may in his discretion proceed TRIAL. 265 to permit the I^odge to proceed to trial and Buspen- SlOIl. TRIAL, W1TNIG§SES ANI> TESTIMOW. Witnesses in Masonic trials, wiio are Masons, shall be mentally competent, and in good standing in the Fra- ternity, and may be affiliated or non-alHliuted brethren. Every Ma-son shall give his testimony upon his honor as a Mason. All witnesses in Masonic trials, who are not Masons, shall be any persons of sound mind, of such religious be- lief as to feel the obligations of an oath, and they shall solemnly pledge themselves to state the truth, the whole truth, and nothing but the truth. The evidence of such persons must be received with caution wiien disputed by the accused, and in fact, should be admitted only when their evidence cannot be supplied by a Mason, unless in cases requiring corroborative testimony. The evidence of both the accused and the accuser, if offered, shall be received in any Masonic trial. The status of a Mason under charges is not atlected until after conviction. The testimony of witnesses, who are Masons, may be taken in open Lodge, or by a special committee appointed by the Master. Witnesses who are not Masons shall be examined only by a committee appointed for the purpose by the Master. In either case, the accused, and the ac- cuser, in person or by a brother Mason as counsel or repre- sentative, shall be entitled to bo present and propound such relevant questions as they may desire. The testimony of any witness, unable to attend the Lodge or a committee, may be taken by a deposition be- fore a properly authorized person, who must be a Mason 266 TRIAL. appointed fur the purpose, due notice of the time and place having first been given. It shall be the duty of the accused and accuser to se- cure the attendance of their respective witnesses who are not Masons ; and through the Master and Secretary of the Lodge, they may, when necessary, summon for such purpose any resident MaHon, whether he be a member of the Lodge or not. When testimony is taken in open Lodge, the Lodge shall be opened in the first degree ; but the decision as to guilt or innocence, and the question of punishment, shall be severally determined in and by a Lodge of Master Masons. The Master shall decide all questions arising as to the relevancy of the evidence, and the regularity of the pro- ceedings ; and the Secretary, or other person appointed for that purpose by the Master, shall take down in writing all the evidence submitted by both the prosecu- tion and defence, and note all objections made by either party, and the rulings of the Master ; and the record thereof shall be fyled among the archives of the Lodge ; and the main facts of the case shall be entered upon the Lodge records. At the conclusion of the evidence, the accused and the accuser in person, or their counsel or representative, may, if they desire, address such relevant remarks to the Lodge upon the merits of the case as may be deemed proper ; after which the accused and the accuser shall retire from the Lodge. Any member entitled to vote may express his views of the case, and of the law and the facts involved ; and no brother shall be permitted to withdraw from the Lodge until after final action, except for urgent cause, and by "onsent of two thirds of the members present. TUfAL. 267 When a committee in appointod, as before mentioned, it shall soDsist of not less than three mem(>era of the Lodge, either of whom, if objected to by either of the parties for cause to be fully explained by the objecting party, may be removed by the Master and another appointed Every such committee shall convene and select from their number a chairman and secretary j and, when so organized, shall have power, through the Master and Secretary of the I/odge, to summon before thom the ac- cused and accuser, with their respective witnesses. The proceedings of such committee shall be governed by the foregoing provisions as far us applicable. The duties of the Master and Secretary of the Lodge above prescribed shall apply to, and may be discharged by, the chairman and secretary of the committee. The committee may sit whenever and a.L often as it may deem best for the interests of Masonry and the full investigation of the complaints before them : provided, that every trial begun shall be prosecuted with as much despatch as the law governing the same, and full justice to the accused and accuser, will permit. When the committee have concluded their labors, they shall report their proceedings and all the evidence to the Lodge ; and upon the retirement of the accused and accuser, any member of the Lodge present may ex- press his views of the case ; and any portion or the whole of the evidence shall bo read, as he may require, to enable him to come to a decision. A brother against whom charges have been preferred may deny or admit any portion or the whole of the charges and specifications. In case the accused brother shall plead guilty, such a plea may be accepted as evidence, and shall render the 268 TRIAL. il taking of further proof unnecessary ; but such plea shall not excuse the Lodge from voting upon the question of guilt or innocence. No visitor oJiall attend the Lodge or committee for any purpose other th«n giving evidence during any of the pro- ceedings of & Masonic trial, unless permissica be granted by the Master, or by the Lodge, or by the committee when the proceedings are before a committee. Tf a trial is not finished at the irpeting at which it is commenced, the accused brother should have notice of the adjournment, and he should be specially summoned to attend at each and every meeting, when the trial is to be proceeded with or when the sentence is to be passed. JUDCiMF.lVT. Upon coi olusion of the trial, the question of ** guilty " or " not guilty " shall be immediately and distinctly put by the Master, upon each charge in its order, which shall be voted upon separately ; and every member present shall be required to vote by ballot ; and it shall require a vote of a majority of said members to sustain any charge. If any charge shall be sustained, the accused shall be then and there declared guilty, and ^^*^ Master shall put the question as to whether the accused ^...all be indefinitely suspended, or suspended for a definite time, or repri- manded. Each of these questions shall be put separately, in the above order, if necessary, and shall be decided by a majority of the members present ; and every member present shall be required to v^te by ballot. The Lodge may also, by a like vote, recommend to the Grand Lodg« that the offender be expelled. The balloting should be done by each member writing his decision on a slip of paper, as *' guilty " or " not guilty ; " and on the other questions ** yes " or *• no." TRIAL. 269 These slips are then collected by the Deacons and counted by scrutineers appointed for that purpose. When any Mason, after due trial shall be found guilty of unmasonic conduct, punishment shall follow, which shall be proportionate to the offence. When any Mason shall have been suspended by the Lodge, he shall be notified of such action by the Secretary, who shall also immediately report the same to the Grand Secretary. When any brother shall have been acquitted, he shall be notified of the same by the Master in open Lodge, as well as by the Secretary in writing. PUlWIISHnElVT. The Mabonic punishment which shall be inflicted by chartered Lodges for unmasonic conduct, after due trial and conviction, shall be, in the discretion of the Lodge, either indefinite suspension, definite suspension or repri- mand. ' • Suspension for any offence subjects an offender, during such suspension, to an absolute deprivation of all the rights, privileges and benefits of Masonry, to the ofiender and his family. Suspension shall require the vote of a majority of the members present, and the penalty and the period of sus- pension may be voted on together or sepaft-ately : pro- vided, that no definite sus^iension shall be voted for si longer term than three years, nor for a less time than three months. Reprimand shall be the least Masonic punishment, and shall only be inflicted after due trial and conviction, and when voted by a majority of the members present ; the reprim£.id shall be administered in open Lodge by the M»iter. 270 TY1.BE. ' TRUST GES. It is sometimes necessary for a Lodge to appoint Trus- tees, to hold any property acquired by the Lodge, or in whose name the funds of the Lodge may be invested. Trustees may be elected by the Lodge, at any regular meeting', or at any emergent meeting called for that pur- l»08e.. Notice of the proposed election of Trustees should be sent to every member of the Lodge. The election is by open vote, unless the By-laws of the Lodge provide otherwise. The brethren elected Trustees should be re8})on8ible and trustworthy men, and likely to remain permanent resi- , dents in the vicinity of the Lodga Their duties may be defined by the Ludge by re.solution. They may be elect- ed for one particular purpose or investment, or generally for all purposes of the Lodge requiring the intervention of Trustees. ' • The Trustees should always execute and deliver to the Treasurer of the Lodge a declaration of trust for each investment made by them, or each parcel of property held by them for the Lodge. (For the form of this de- claration of trust. See Appendix.) In the absence of this declaration of trust, in case of the death of the Trustees, it might bo ditficalt for the Lodge to establish the trust, bu', with this document, no trouble'need be apprehended. Trustees may be removed or change'' by the Lodge whenever it is deemed desirable to do so, upon proper notice sent to all the members. TYLER. See OFFICERS. The Tyler is an elective oflScer of the Lodge, whose iJ TYLER. 271 duty it is to guard the Lodge against intrusion. He must be a Master Mason. He is annually elected by the Lodge at the same time as the other elective officers, and ho is chosen, not by ballot, but by oi«en vote. He gene- rally receives compensation for his services. His duties and the amount of his compensation are specified in the Lodge By-laws. The Tyler is to be chosen by the members of the Lodge, and may at any time be removed, for cause deemed suf ticient, by a majority of the brethren present at a regular meeting of the Lodge. He is to see that every member or visitor is properly clothed f»nd has signed his name to the attendance book biifore entering the Lodge. The Tyler of a Lodge need not necessarily be a member of it, but he must be a member of some Lodge and in good standing. If he is a member of" the Lodge, he has a right to vote on the ballot for all candidates for ad- mission. He has this right, altiiough he may be exempt from the payment of dues, and although he may be in the receipt of payment for his services. When the Tyler desires to exercise his right of ballot- ing, the Master directs him to be called into the Lodge room, after the otlier members have voted. He also directs the Inner Guard or some other brother ti) take the Tyler's place outside. He then informs the Tyler of the name of the candidate, and other particulars, and the Tyler deposits his ballot and returns to his station. (For the form of the Tyler's obligation, or visitor's test, See the Appendix.) This test should be administered at the close of the examination of a visitor, and not at the ccmmencement of the examination. ilP^r- 272 ITNDBR DISPENSATION. UNAFFILIATI^IK See AFFILIATION. — DIMIT. — NUN-AFFILIATION. VNAIVIIUITI. See BALLOT. UNDER BISPENSATIOM. See Diai'ENSATiON. — new lodge. A Lodge under dispensation possesses only such pow- ers, rights aud privileges as are granted to it by the dis- pensation which authorizes its formation, but it is sub- ject to the laws which regulate private Lodges so far as the same are applicable. It is essentially of a temporary nature and does not possess the element of stability held by a warranted Lodge. The dispensation issued by the Grand Master, under which it is organized, may be revoked by the Grand Master at any time, and the Lodge then would cease to exist. It follows then that its pow- ers are of a limited character. A Lodge under dispensation has no right to appoint a proxy as its representative in Grand Lodge, but it can be represented in Grand Lodge at the annual communica- tion at which a warrant is sought to be obtained, by the Master or a Warden, and the minute book of such Lodge shall be then and there produced. A Lodge under dispensation cannot make By-lawis. By-laws belong to a permanent organization, which a Lodge under dispensation is not. It is governed while under dispensation by the ancient landmarks, the gene- ral regulations of the Craft and the Constitution of the Grand Lodge. The time and places of meeting are J. UNDEB DISPENSATION. 273 stated in the dispensation. The amount of the initiation fee may be fixed by resolution, in case it is desired to make it greater than the lowest fee allowed by the Con- stitution. All other matters usually regulated by the By-laws must be determined by the general regulations of the Order, or the Constitution of the Grand Lodge, until a warrant is granted, when proper By-Uiws may be framed and adopted, subject to the approbation of the Grand Master. A Lodge under dispensation cannot elect officers. The officers named in the dispensation are the officers of the Lodge, until they are changed by the Grand Master, or until a warrant is granted by the Grand Lodge ; as soon as the warrant is granted by the Grand Lodge the Lodge may ado])t By-laws, and, in the By-laws, the time for the election of officers is provided for. No election can take place until the time specified in the By-laws, and the officers named in the dispensation hold office until then. A Lodge under dispensation cannot instal officers. No installation of ofiicers can take place, until the Lodge has been constituted by a wairant from the Grand Lodge. The installation of officers implies that they are to serve for a definite period, whereas the officers of a Lodge u" der dispensation are appointed for an indefinite time, that is, during the pleasure of the Grand Master, or until the meeting of the Grand Lodge, and they are not therefore qualified for installation. A Lodge under dispensation may admit joining mem- bers, if the dispensation gives it power to do so. The Tee for affiliation may be fixed by resolution. A Lodge under dispensation must make the returns to the Grand Ijodge, which are required by the Constitu- tion. {See Returns.) ^^ 274 UNMASONIC CONDUCT. The Master of a Lodge under disi^ensation is not a member of the Grand Lodge. He has no status there, no vote, and is not eligible to office. Outside of his own Lodge, he has no greater rights than those held by any Master Mason. Pie is not entitled to take the Master's chair in any other Lodge, nor to a seat in the east except by courtesy. He is not entitled to the chair degree, nor can he confer degrees in any Lodge except his own. He is simply the appointee of the Grand Master, for a special purpose, to govern the Lodge until the Grand Lodge shall see fit to confirm its existence, by granting it a warrant. It is not legal to instal the Master of a Lodge under dispensation. UNIFORMITY. All Lodges are particularly bound to observe the same usages and customs ; every deviation, therefore, from the established mode of working is highly improper and can. not be justified or countenanced. In order to preserve this uniformity, and to cultivate a good understanding among Freemasons, some members of every Lodge should be deputed to visit other Lodges as often as may be con- venient. It is not lawful to administer or perform any charge, rite or ceremony other than those prescribed by the Grand Lodge. UIVION OF LODGES. See AMALGAMATION. UNHASONIC COjVDVCT. See EXPULSION. — OFFENCES. — PUNISHMENT. — SUSPEN- SION. — TRIAL. ^14^ VISITOR. 275 See MASTER.— OFIIOERS. — OPENING LODGE. — RES- IGNATION. Sliould a vacancy occur iu any office of the Grand Lodge, tho Grand Master has power to appoint a qualified brother to supply the place pro tenipare. Should a vacancy occur in any elective oflfice of a pri- vate Lodge, the Lodge has power to hold an election to supply the place. If the vacancy occurs in an appointed office, the Master has power to fill the vacancy by ap- pointment. VI§IT. VISITOR. See EXAMINATION. — OIUECTIONS. — VOUCIIINO. Every Mason who is a bubscribing member of a Lodge has a right to visit any other Lodge as often as it may suit his convenience. It is the undoubted right of every affiliated Mason to visit any Lodge during the time it is open for general Masonic business, observing the proper forms to be attended to on such occasions, and so that the Lodge, or the Master, may not be interrupted in the i)er- ♦ormance of any work or ceremony. At Jaboi' or at refreshment, a visiting brother, who has duly proved himself and gained admittance, should always be treated with the greatest kindness and civility by the members of the Lodge. A. visiting brother has a right to know that the Body he proposes to visit is a legal Body, and he has the right to inspect the warrant at a proper time ; but he has no right to put the Lodge or its ofticere to trouble or incon- venience while at work. The Master would be justified 276 VISITOR. in refusing to allow thw warrant to be taken out of the liodge-room while the Lodge is at work. No visitor can be admitted into a Lodge unless he be perHonally known or rocora mended, or well vouched for; or after due examination by one or more of the brethren present, and shall have entered his name, Masonic rank, the name of his mother Lodge, or the Lodge he hails from, in a book to be kept by every Lodge for that pur- pose ; and during his continuance in the Lodge, he is subject to the By-Laws of the Lodge. The Master of the Lodge is particularly bound to enforce these regula- tions. The attention of the brethren is particularly called to the exercise of the greatest caution in vouching for brethren. The Master and Wardens of a Lodge are enjoined to visit other Lodges as often as they conveniently can, in order that the same usages and customs may be observed throughout the Craft, and a good understanding be there- by cultivated among Freemasons. None but members of the Grand Lodge can be present at any of its communications, except by permission of the Grand Master. No visitor in Grand Tiodge can speak to any question, unless requested to do so by the Grand Master, nor can he, on any occasion, be permitted to vote. A brother in good standing, properly vouched for, has the right to visit a Lodge during the time it is open for general business, but that right is not absoluta It is in the discretion of the Master to admit a visitor, or to re- fuse him admittance. If proper objections are made by a member present, the Master should not, in the exercise of a judicious discretion, admit the visitor. \ refusal i i VOTINc }. 277 by the Master to admit a visiting brother is no ground for a Masonic complaint. The Grand Master, the Deputy-Grand Master, the District Deputy Grand Master of the District, and any officers of the Grand Lodge sent by the (iraud Master or the Grand Lodge on an official visit, have a right to visit, otherwise a Grand Lodge officer has no other or greater right than any Master Mason in good standing. The examination of visitors should not be allowed to degenerate into one of mere form, and the production of a certificate should be insisted on, or its absence satisfac- torily accounted for. At the examination of a visitor, the visitor's test, or Tyler's Ob., should be administered at the close of the the examination, and not at its commencement. (For the form of this test, iSVc AppKNDix.) VOLUME OF THE SACRED LAW. ' ■ Sf'e nriJLE. VOTES. VOTING. See BALLOT — PROXY. In the Grand Lodge all matters are to be decided by a majority of votes, each Lodge having three votes, each Fast Master one vote, each officer of the Grand Lodge, (except the Grand Tyler), not otherwise entitled to vote shall have one vote by virtue of his office, and the Grand Master a casting vote in case of equality ; unless the Lodge, for the sake of expedition, think proper to leave any particular subject to the determination of the Grand Master. Where any subject can be satisfactorily settled ! ( ' J W:\^ 278 VOUCHING. - |; ! P :• 1 " '( 1^^ L . i by an open vote, the voteij of the membors are always to be signified by each holding out one of his hands, which uplifted hnnds the Orand Warden., or Grand Deacons are to count, unless the number should be so unequal as to render counting unnecessary ; but any brother may demand a ballot on any question, either before or immedi- ately after an open vote tjhall have been given. In private Loiljjes, the votes of the members, on all ((uestions which are to be deci' \V 1 ] 1 1 1 i5 i?' ll 'J yi ji YEAS AND NAYS. 285 W;. Vi i/ YEAR. The Maaonic year is found by adding 4,000 to the ordi nary year. Freemasons date their year according to the Mosaic chronology, or from the creation of the world. It is called anno lucis^ in the year of light, and it is ex- pressed thus : — A. L. 5889. The Grand Lodge meets in regular communication once in each year. The Grand Lodge returns must be made twice each year, and a failure to do so for one year renders the Lodge liable to erasure. All Lodges elect their officers once in each year. The Master of every Lodge is to cause the Ancient Charges, the regulations of the Grand Lodge relating to private Lodges, and the By-laws of the Lodge to be read in open Lodge once in each year. The Master elect must have served as Warden of a warranted Lodge for one year. No Mason is entitled to partake of the general charity until he has been a contributing member of a Lodge for at least two years. A candidate for initiation must have resided one year in the jurisdiction of the Lodge to which he seeks admis- sion, or else he must produce a certificate of character from the Lodge nearest to the place of his previous resi- dence. A rejected applicai^t for initiation must wait one year before he can be again balloted for, • YEAS AMD NAYS. See VOTING. The use of the " yeas and nays," as a method of voting, 286 YORK RITE. t is contrary to Mp^onic usage. The votes of Masons in Lodge are signified by holding out the right hand (except in cases where the ballot is required). YORK RITE. The Masonic system or rite practised by all English and American Lodges is called the Ancient York Rite. It is the parent of all other rites, and it is the only one in which the true system of symbolic instruction has been preserved. till \ APPENDIX. ] FORMS. NoTi.— It will be uiider«tooN.S. To the W. M., Officers and Mfvibers of (Unio.i) Lodge, No. (94,) G. R. a, A. F. &> A. J/.. Brother (A. B.), a (Master) Mason, of the (C^ity) of (Hamilton), *n the County of (Wentworth), (merchant), and a member (or formerly a member), of said (Union) Lodge, is hereby charged with unmasonio conduct, m this namely :— Specif cation 1. That the said (A. B.) on the day of A.L. (5881), at the (City of Hamilton), in the County of (Went- worth), did violently assault and strike Brother (C. D. ) Specification 2. That the said (A. B.), on the day and at the place aforesaid, did speak and use toward the said Brother, (C. D.), the following scandalous and insulting language, to wit :— (Here set out the words used). Specif cation ^. That the said (A. B.), on the day and at the place aforesaid, did, in the presence and hearing of several per- sons, speak and utter, of aiid concerning the said Brother (C. D.), the following slanderous and malicious words, to wit : — (Here set out the words used). All of which acts of the said (A. B.), were in violation of his duties and obligations as a Mason, and to the injury of the said C, D.). as well as to the scandal and disgrace of the Masonio Fraternity, wherefore it is demanded that the said (A. B.) be put upon trial therefor, and dealt with according to Masonic law and usage. Dated at (Hamilton), this (First) day of (March), A.L. 588L (C. D.) . If the charges are preferred by either of the Wardens, they should sign them in their official capacity. All names should be written in full, if knovin. Specifications should be added for each separate state of facts constituting a Masonic offence, with reasonable certainty as to time, place and other particulars. SOS APPEITOIX. II FORM OF 8FKOIFI0ATIONS FOR DRUNKKNNB88. 1. That tho said A. B., on the- day of , A.L. 5881, «t in the County of , was in a atate of gross intoxi- cation, from the intemperate use of intoxicating and spirituous liquors. 2. That the said A. B., on the day and year aforesaid, at the , in the County of , and for a long time previous thereto, to wit, fo» — — past, and at divers other places, and notwithstanding the frequent warnings and admonitions of the Officers and brethren of this Lodge, was addicted to the excessive use of intoxicating liquor and to the evil habit of frequent and gross intoxication and drunkenness. rORM OF »UMMOKS, TO B8 ACCOMPANIED WITH A COPY OF THE CHARGES AND SPECIFICATIONS. To Brother A. B. of You are hereby summoned and required to appear at the reg- ular communication of (Union) Lodge, NTo. (47) A. F. and A. M. , to be held at the Lodge room, at , in the County of , on the day of A.L. 5881, at o'clock, P.M., then and there to make answer to certain charges and specifications preferred against you in the said Lodge, a true copy of which said charges and specifications is hereto annexed. Dated [L.S.] By order of the Lodge, E. F., Secretary. F3RM OF CERTIFICATF OF SERVICE. I (G. H.) do hereby certify that on the day of , A. L. 58 — , at , in the County of , I served person- ally (or at his last known place of residence, or otherwise de- scribe tho service) upon Brother (A. B.,) a true copy of the charges and specifications preferred against him in ( L'nion) Lodge No. (47,) on the day of , A. L. 58 — , by brother (C. D. ), accompanied by the summons of said Lodge under the seal thereof, requiring him to appear and answer the said charges and specifications, at the regular communication of the said Lodge, to be held on the day of , A L. 58 — . Dated O. B.) . APPENDIX. 303 FOKM OC ANHWBR, DKNVINi} THE .lURlSUKfTION. To the W. M., Officers and members of (Union) Lodgt, No. (47,) A. r. ^f* A. M. In the matter of the charges and tpeciticationi preferred in the said Lodge on the day of , A. L. 68—, by Brother (0. D.) against me, I, the undersigned (A. H.) deny the jurisdic- tion of the said Lodge in the premises, for the following reasons, to wit : 1. Because I did not, at the time of the introduction of the said charges and specifications, or at the time of the commission of the said allcgdd offence, reside within the territorial jurisdic- tion of the said Lodge, nor was I, at that time, a membtsr of the said Lodge. 2. Because the acta alleged in the said charges and speoifica- tioni, if they were ever committed by me, were committed before my initiation into any Ijodge of Freemasons. Wherefore I request that the said charges and specifications be dismissed, and that I be excused from answering thereto. Dated (A. B.) FORM OF ANSWER, DKNYIN(J THE VALIDITY OB RBOULARITY OF THE CHARUES AND HI'KCIFICATIONS. (i leading as above). I, the undersigned (A. B. ), deny the validity and regularity of the said charges and specifications, for the following reasons, to wit: 1. Because the said (C. D.), the accuser, by whom the said charges and specitications were preferred, was not at the time of the introduction of the same a Master Mason in good standing. 2. Because the acts alleged in the said charges and specifica- tions are of a purely sectarian (or political) character, and do not ' in themselves constitute a Masonic offence. 3. Because the time (or place, or both) of the commission of the acts alleged is not set forth in the said charges and specifications with reiuBonable distinctness. Wherefore I request that the said charges be dismissed, and that I be excused from further answering thereto. Dftted . (A. B.) 304 APPENDIX. :\\ ?OKM OF AVSWIR or NOT ecitioatioD;4, nor of any of them. Dated . (A. B.) FORM OF AITRW^R OF NOT fUJlLTT IN PART. (Heading as above). I the undersigned (A. B.), say as follows : — As to speoifioation Arst, that I am guilty. As to speoitioatinn second, that I am not guilty. As to specification third, that I am not guilty. FORM OF ANSWBR ADMIITINO THK FACTS OHAROKI), AND HKTTINO HP OTHER FACTS IN JUSTIFICATION AND EXTENUATION. (Heading as above). ^ I the undersigned (A. B.), say as follows : — As to specification first, I admit that T did assault and strike the said (C. D. ), but I say that I did the same in necessary de- fence of my own person (family or property), the said (C. D.) hav- ing then and there first assaulted me, and I say that I used no more force than was necessary to repel the injury which the said (C. D.) thon and there attempted against me. (Here insert any other material facts in justification.) As to specification second, I admit that I did use towards the ■aid (C. D.) the words therein specified, but I say that T was greatly provoked thereto by violent and abusive language then and there used towards me by the said (C. D.), which language is as follows : — (Here set forth the language, and any other materia^ facts in extenuation). As to specification third, I say that I am not guilty. Dated . (A. B.) NOTICB TO COMMITTEE APPOINTED TO TAKE EVIDENCE. n Brothers ( G. H., J. /., and K. L.), of ■ Lodge, No. — of A. F. &- A. M. Take notice, that at the regular communication of said Lodge> held on the day of , A. L, 58 — , you were appointed APPENDIX. 305 * Committee to take evidence in the matter of oortain ohar(;;oi preferred in said liodgo, on the day of — — , A. L. 58—, by Brother (C. D), against Brother (A. 11), and you, or a majo* rity of you, are hereby directed to proceed to take all the proofs and evidonou pertaining to the said matter, and to report the same in writing, with your doings, to the said Lodge, with al' convenient speed. Dated . By order. (E. F.), (Lodge Seal). Secretary. NOTIOK TO PAKTIKH TO ATTEND IIKFOKK i jMMITTEE. To Brother ( C. D.j accuser, and Brother (A. B. ) ace used. Take notice that the underaigned committee appointed for the purpose, will meet at the hall of Lodge, No. — , A. F. & A. M., at o'clock, in the — — noon, for the purpose of taking evidence relating to the charges preferred by Brother (C. D.) against Brother (A. B.) now pending in the said Lodge, at which time and place you are hereby re(j[uired to attend. Dated . • (G. H., L J., K. L.,) Committee. flUMMON.S TO WITNKSS TO TBSTIFY BEFORE COMMirrEK. To Brother (M. N.) You are hereby summoned and required to attend as a witness before Brothers (G. H., I. J. & K. L.,) a committee by me ap- pointed, at the hall of Lodge, No. — , A. F. A; A. M., at — , on the day of , A. L. 58 — , at — o'clock, in the — noon, then and there to testify what you may know in the matter of the charges now pending before the said Lodge against Brother (A. B.) (O. P.) Master, Dated -—^, CiUMMONS FOR WITNE.SS TO TESTIFY BEFOBE THE LODOE. To Brother (M. N.) Yon are hereby snmfhoned and required to attend as a witness, at the hall of Lodge, No. — , A. F. k A. M., at , on the day of , A. L. 68 — , at o'clock, in ^e noon, 306 APPENDIX. then and there to testify what you may know in the matter of the charges now pending in the said Lodge against Brother (A. B.) Dated . (O. P.) , Master, BBPORT OF OOMMITTBB. To the Worshipful Master, Wardens and members of Lodge, No. — , A. F. 6- A. M. The undersigned committee, heretofore appointed to take evi* dence in the matter of the charges and specitications preferred in the said Lodge on the day of , A. L. 68 — , by Bro- ther (C. D.) against Brother (A. B.), have discharged that duty, and beg leave to report as follows : — After (five) days' written notice to the parties (or their counsel), the committee met at , on the day of ■, at o'clock in the noon. Present : Brothers (G. H., I. J., and K. L.), committee, the Secretary of the Lodge acting as the clerk of the committee. The accuser and the accused appeared in person (or by counsel, as the case may be.) The charges and specifications, and the answers were then read- Bro. . was then introduced as a witn'»ss in support of the charges. Being obligated upon his honor as a Mason, he testified as follows :— (Here insert the language of the witness in full. ) The witness was then cross-examined by the accused (or his counsel), and testified as follows : — (Insert the evidence given). (The sams as to all the other witnesses for the accuser). The accuser then announced that he had uo further proofs. The committee then adjourned to meet at the same place on the day of , A.L. 58--, at o'clock, in the noon. (Date.) The committee met pursuant to adjournment. Present : The committee and secretary. The accuser and accused appeared as before. Brother was then introduced as a witness for the accused, and testified upon his Masonic hohor as follows : — (Here insert the testimony in full), (any documents produced as evidenoe are to be stated). 7 >f APPENDIX. 307 Both tbe accuser and the accuaed then announced that they had no further proofs, and the committee adjourned without day. The charges and other papers are hereto annexed. All of which is respectfully submitted. Dated . (G. H., I. J., K. L.) Cotnviittee. NOTICB OP JUDGMENT AND SENTENCE. To Brothers (A. B.) and (C. D,) or to (either of the parties or their counsel^ as the case, may be). Take notice, that in the matter of the charges and specifica. tions preferred in Lodge, No. —, A. F. & A. M., on the day of , A. L. 58 — , by Brother (C. D.) against Bro' ther (A B.) the said Lodge did, on the day of , A. L. 58—, adjudge the said (A. B.) guilty of the said charges, and of specifications 1 and 2 made thereunder, but ot specifica' tion No. 3, it did adjudge him not guilty ; and thereupon the said Lodge did pass sentence of (suspension) upon the said (A. B), which sentence now stands recorded against him in the said Lodge. Dated . (E. F.) Secretary. (If the accused was found not guilty on all the charges and spe- cifications, the notice should so specify. If the Lodge decided to recommend to the Grand Lodge that the accused should be expelled, that fact should also be stated.) NOTIOB TO THE GBAND SECRETARY OF JUDGMENT AND ^NTENCE. To the Grand Secretary of the Grand Lodge of Canada. Take notice, that on the day of , A.L. 58—, Brother (A.B.) was tried by l^odge, No. — , A.F. & A.M., upon certain charges and specifications preferred against him in the said Lodge by Brother (C. D. ) for unmasonic conduct, which charges and specifications are as follows : — (Here set forth the charges and specifications). The said Lodge did then and there adjudge the said (A. B. ) guilty of the said charges, and of specifications Nos. 1 and 2, but of spe- cification No. 3 it did adjudge him not guilty, and thereupon the said^Lodge did pass sentence of (suspension) upon the said (A.B.), 808 APPENDIX. which, aentence now stands recorded against him in the said Lodge. Dated . [Lodge seal] By order, (E. F.). Secretary. (This notice should be according to the facts, and should state any other reoommendatiou made by the Lodge). m TRUSTBSIS. rOEM OF DKCLARATION OF TRUST. To all to wJxom these presents shall come.. Greeting , — 1 (E. R. C), of the (Town) of (Collingwood), in the County of Simcoe), (druggist), do hereby acknowledgt; and declare that a certain Mortgage, bearing even date herewith, and made by one (M. G., and wife as to dower) to me, securing the sum of (five hundred dollars and interest, on (the south-half of Lot Number forty-three, in the second concession of the Township of Colling- wood, in the County of Grey), is held by me in trust for the only use, benefit and advantage of (Manito) Lodge, No. (90), of An- cient, Free, and Accepted Masons, meeting in (Collingwood / aforesaid, and that the same represents money which belonged solely to the said (Manito) Lodge, and that the said mortgage was taken in my name from motives of convenience, the said Lodge not being an incorporated body, and that the said mortgage, and all interest and advantages accruing thereon, and the principa* money thereof, are and shall be held by me, and my heirs and legal representatives only for the convenience, use, benefit and advantage of the said (Manito) Lodge, and on demand, signified to me or them by a copy of any rAsolution passed by the said Lodge, under the seal of the said Lodge, I will, and my heirs, or legal representatives shall assign the same to such perdon or per- sons as may be designated in the said resolution, and account to and pay over to him or them all moneys, interest or profits, that shall by me or them have been received thereon. In witness whereof, I have hereunto set my hand and seal, this (fourth) day of (February), one thousand eight hundred and eighty-(one). (E. E. C.) Signed, sealed and delivered, [seal.] in the presence of (J. A. P.) mmmmmmm APPENDIX. 309 1, VISITOR. FOEM OF visitors' TEST, OR TYLBR's OB. do hereby and hereon solemnly and sincerely swear, that I have been regularly initiated, passed and raised to the Sublime Degree of Master Mason, in a just and legally consti- tuted Lodge of such ; that I do not stand suspended or expelled, and I know of no reason why I should not hold Masonic commu- nication with my brethren. I ifv^»^wwy^ffwv' INDEX. PAGE Absence , 9 Accounts 9/23,52 Acquittal 10 Adjournment 10, 268 Admission 11, 31, 215, 275 Admonition 11, 236, 269 Advancement 11, 125, 195 Aifiliation 12, 190, 215 Application for 288 Age. 14 Amalgamation ,.,. 14 Amendments 16, 193 Ancient Charges 16 Appeal ,.. 17 Form of 287 Application ',, 19 Form of, for Affiliation ... .288 for Initiaiion 288 for Relief 297, 298 for Restoration 299 Appointments 19 Arrears 20, 78, 110 Assessment 21 Atheist * 21 Attendance \ 22 AttendaLce Book 23 Audit .* 23 Auditors 23 Avouchment .26, 278 Ballot ..27 in Grand Lodge 27 in Subordinate Lodges 28 at Election of OflScers 28 Blank, should be count- ed 29, 112* for Affiliation 31 for Initiation 30 for Honorary Members. . . 32 Secrecy of 33 Procedure 36 Miscellaneous 39 Behavior 44, 180 Belief 44,234 PAOB Benefits , 45, 230 Benevolence 46, 230, 297 Bible 4Q Black Ball 30, 47 Board of General Purposes. . . 47 Books 23,61 Burial 53,127 Business 53, 116, 130, 202 By-laws 53 O Candidate 'M), 57, 64, 150, 169, 216 Declaration of 288 Canvassing 58 Censure 59, 236, 269 Certificate 59, 77 Form of, of Character 2>»9 of Life Members 291 of Past Master 296 of Service 302 of Withdrawal 289 SJair-:-. 63,170 Chaplain 64 Character 64,116 Form of Certificate of 289 Charges 16, 65, 263 Forms of 301, 302 Charter. 68, 281 Clandestine 68 Clothing 69 Committee 23, 70, 267 Notice to 304 Report of 184, 306 Communications 72, 179 Complaint 65, 72 Forms of 301, 302 Confirmation 73 Constituting New Lodge. .73, 188 Constitution 16, f'S Conviction 73,' 268 Crimes 73, 196 D Death 74 Debate .'. , 74 (•Omit the word "not") ■i« 44 umi»w^w ilH