^>. IMAGE EVALUATION TEST TARGET (MT-3) ^O ^ «^% /. fc 1.0 I.I 1^ IIIIIM Hi us u i.8 1.25 IjU 1.6 4 6" ^ V] <^ /2 % W "> .? 'V y '/ y^ Photographic Sciences Corporation 23 WEST MAIN STREET WEBSTER, N.Y. 14S80 (716)872-4503 men was rt'ho could ' provided I'n papers. 3rty. He ibsoKitelj had cap- h he had in storm, strate the when he trievable hj supe- )cfc»re a rode up ;hat was ed them ay to a le rode back !" with a do, and n like a 3nquer. he fell ' to the ■i I immortal Jackson and his lion-hearted Brigade, more highly prized than any gifts within the power of kings or potentates to bestow, because associated with heroic achievements and deeds of valor, and victories Avrung from the categoiy of impossibilities. Tlie homely soubric^uet of " Stonewall " will live in history long after generations yet to come shall have passed away ; — will gleam with living fire when bronze shall have corroded and marble crumbled into dust.* The rout and the panic that thereafter followed have already become a part of the annals of the new Republic. Jackson's fame was now fully established. But in the meeds so nobly won was embraced a moral triumph not less signal than the victory he had gained over the foes of his country. The eminent qualifications of a great commander, which he had shown himself to possess, dashed to atoms the insinuations that had been made as to his lack of capacity, and brought a blush of shame to the checks of those who made merry at the first apparition of the future hero on the battle-field. His queer figure on horseback, and the habit of settling his chin in his stock, were very amusing to some who made a flippant jest of the military specimen of the Old Dominion. The jest is forgiven and forgotten in the tributes of admiration and love which were to ensue to the popular hero of the war. If the truth be told, however, Jackson was not an elegant rider. He sat stiffly in the saddle, with arms akimbo, and legs rigidly straightened before him, and toes pointing zenith ward ; and when his beast started off" on his inevitable lope, the General's body swayed in accompaniment, with an awkward jerking motion, as though a stiff spring had been inserted beneath the back of his saddle. Neither was his bearing altogether martial, and not improved by the shocking slouched hat that he almost invariably wore. The truth is, that Jackson was not educated in Mr. Turvydrop's school of politeness, nor versed in the poetry of motion. His was that true politeness which is prompted by a kindly heart, and con- sists not in graceful postures or sickening grimaces, but in benevo- lent acts, and endeavors to increase the happiness of one's fellows. Indeed, his soldiers came to love him for his very eccentricities, * See Appendix A. u STONEWALL JACKSON. albeit they at times provoked a smile. He was always cheered when under the eye of the army, and on such occasions loped away as fast as he could with his body bent forward, and holding his hat out stiffly before him, by way of a salute, like a rusty-jointed collector of contributions at a protracted meeting. He seemed embarrassed by any marked courtesies extended to him. But Jackson was not always indifferent to his personal attire. Tliere were occasions on which he bestowed more than usual atten- tion to his dress, and then his appearance was commanding, and even elegant. It is affirmed by many who were familiar with his habits, that this special regard to his attire was an infallible sign of an approaching battle. Even so on the day before he received liis fatal wound, his coat a .d pants were of the usual greyish blue, but of the finest quality, and the gold-lace fancy work on his sleeve looked as if it might have been put on tlie day before ; his boota were well glossed, and his spurs looked like burnished gold. He wore buck gloves with cuffis that came half way up to his elbows, and a black felt hat of the fashion usually worn by officers. His costume was most befitting to his rank, and he looked every inch the officer that he was. One of the most remarkable expeditions and marches of Jackson was in the depth of the winter of 18G1-2, when he was sent from Gen. Johnston's lines to Winchester. On the 1st of January, 1862, he marched with his command from Winchester to Bath, in Morgan county, and from the latter place to Romney, where there had been a large Federal force for many weeks, and from which point they had committed extensive depredations on the surrounding country. Gen. Jackson drove the enemy from Romney and the neighboring country without much fighting. His troops, however, endured the severest hardships in the expedition. Their sufferings Avere terrible in what was the severest portion of the winter. They were compelled at one time to struggle through an almost blinding storm of snow and sleet, and to bivouac at night in the forests, without tents or camp equipage. Many of the troops were frozen on the march, and died from expo- sure and exhaustion. In this terrible expedition, Jackson gave the most remarkable pro^ he the! enc upc Hel the! witl 1 choored ons loped holding tj-jointed seemed al attire, ual atten- ding, and with his le sign of eivcd liis ish blue, lis sleeve his boots He wore 's, and a costume le officer Jackson 'nt from ommand e latter )i'ce for ftcnsive •ove the fc much ihips in 'as the le time ■et, and uipage. 1 expo- ^rkable i-.f STONEWALL JACKSON. 15 proofs of his grim energy in tlic field and the iron mould in which he was cast. His men were becoming aciniainted with the habits of their commander. lie appeared to be a man of almost superhuman endurance. Neither heat nor cold made the slightest impression upon him. Good quarters and dainty fare were as nothing to him. He lived as his soldiers lived, and endured all the fatigue and all the suffering that they endured. He partook of but few social en- joyments. Never absent a single day from duty, he did everything with the quiet, stern energy of an iron will. " A IVanio of udnmnut, a soul of fire, No ilaiigors frij^ht him, luid no liiliors tiro; O'er lovo, o'er lour, oxtciid.s liis wide domain, UncoiKiuvrod lord of pleasure and of paiu. No joys to Idu) pacific sceptres yield : War sounds tlio trump, lie ruslies to the field." Without doubt, the most brilliant and extraordinary passage in the military life of General Jackson Avas the ever famous campaign of the summer of 1802, in the Valley of Virginia. That campaign, in which, in the short space of one month, he drove back into th"i enemy's territory FOUR Generals, with large captures ;n prisoners and stores, made the most brilliant part of his reputation. In a few weeks the name of Jackson mounted to the zenith of fame. In dramatic effects, in rapid incidents, and in swift and sudden renown, his name challenged comparison with the most extraordi" nary phenomena in the annals of military genius. In the spring of 18G2, Gen. Jackson had been placed in com- mand of the small army of observation which held the upper val- ley of the Shenandoah and the country about Staunton. It was intended that he should remain quasi inactive, to watch the enemy and wait for him ; but he soon commenced manoeuvring on his own responsibility, and ventured upon a scale of operations that threw the higher military authorities at Richmond into a fever of anxiety and alarm In less than thirty days he dashed at Fremont's advance, west of Staunton, and driving it back, wheeled his army, swept down the valley, and drove Banks across the Potomac. Returning to the Upper Valley, he manoeuvred around for three weeks — in the meantime dealing Fremont a heavy blow at Cross Keys, and 16 STONEWALL JACKSON. defeating Sliiclds in the Luray Valley — and then suddenly awept down the Virginia Central llailroad, via Gordonavillo, on McClel- lan's right, before Richmond. His own official report of this splendid exploit is characteristic, and testifies to his modesty and unselfishness, and the humility with which he accepted the victories he won as manifest tokens of the gracious favor with which Heaven regarded our cause. He took no credit to himself, but ascribed all success to the intrepid valor and endurance of his soldiers and to the will of Providence. It is dated — " Headquarters Winchester, May 26, 1862. " Within four weeks this army has made long and rapid marches, foui^ht six combats and two battles, signally defeating the enemy in each one, captured several stands of colors and pieces of artillery, with numerous prisoners, and vast medical, ordnance, and army stores, and finally driven the boastful host, which was ravaging our beautiful country, into utter rout The General Commanding would warmly express to the ofiicers and men under his command his joy in their achievement, and his thanks for their brilliant gallantry in action, and their patient obe- dience under the hardships of forced mavohes, often more painful to the brave soldier than the dangers of battle. <* The explanation of the severe exertions to which the Commanding' General called the army, which were endured by them with such cheerful confidence in him, is now given in the victory of yesterday. He receives this proof of their confidence in the past with pride and gratitude, and asks only a similar confidence in the future. But his chief duty to-day, and that of the army, is to recognize devoutly the hand of a protecting Providence in the brilliant success of the laat three days, which have given us the results of a great victory without great losses, and to make the oblation of our thanks to God for his mercies to us and our country, in heartfelt acts of religious worship. For this purpose the troops will remain in camp to-day, suspending, as far as practicable, all military exercises ; and the chaplains of regiments will hold divine service in their several charges at four o'clock, p.m., to-day. " Per order," etc. The soldiers of that Brigade will cherish this simple order of their General as a most sacred heir-loom, and teach their children's children to trace out with their infant fingers the precious words. How faithfully they gave him that simple confidence he asked, their sub- sequent career has abundantly shown. Illustrious commander ! noble men ! The part that Jackson played in windmg up the campaign on the I ■M "^^^i^is^ StONEWALli JACKSON. 17 ;nly swept n McClel- actcristic, I humility tokena of Luse. He e intrepid •ovidcnco. 5, 1862. I marches, my in each I numerous nd finally intry, into ■ess to the ment, and itient obe- iful to the nmandinir h cheerful e receives tudo, and ty to-day, )rotecting lich have to make country, |oops will military in their >f their children How iir sub- lander ! on the Peninsala is well known ; how anxiously, day after day, his advent was awaited by the Confedoratc forces that were battling with MoClellairs overwhelming host ; how they at last utterly despaired of his coming ; how victory then scorned trembling in the balance, and the Confederates, sorely pressed and wavering, were on the poinc of yielding the field ; bow he unoxpectodly arrived at this critical juncture, after a mo^it rapid and toilsome march, and, cross- ing the Chickahominy just at the nick of time, fell upon McClellan's flank and rear, and dealt him such blows as drove him from his position ; how he dashed from point to point, always in the thickest of the fight, ami just where his services were needed most ; and how, after a sanguinary conflict of several hours, he succeeded in capturing all the batteries on his front, consisting of eighteen guns, and ceased at last from his labours only when the enemy, discom- fited and confused, was driven ingloriously to the cover of bid gunboats. Since that n;emorable and decisive series of battles before Richmond, t',e military services of Jackson have been many and valuable ; but they arc comparatively fresh in the recollections of the public. It is proper, however, to notice the distinct part which he took in the summer campaign against Pope ; as we do not believe that justice has been done to Jackson's contribution to the second Battle of Manassas. At the outset of this campaign it was probably the design of Gen. Lee, with the bulk of the Confederate army, to take the front, left and right, and engage Gen. Pope at or near the Rapidan, while Jackson and Ewell were to cross the Shenandoah river and mountains, cut off" his supplies by way of the railroad, and menace his rear. It will at once be noticed that this adventure, on the part of Jackson, was difficult and desperate ; it took the risk of any new movements of Pope, by which he (Jackson) himself might be cut off. It was obvious, indeed, that if Pope could reach Gordonsville, he would cut off" Jackson's supplies, and this risk had to be taken by the intrepid commander. Cedar Mountain was fought and won from Pope before he knew the campaign was opened. Jackson fell back, but only to flank him on the right. Pope retired from the Rapidan to the Rappa- B 18 STONRWALTi JACKSOJf. hannock, Ixit Jaclvson swung still further round to tlic noilli and outHankcd liini si;:;ain. Yet a,!j;ain lu? gave up tlio llapinihtinnock and I'd! l»aek south of Warrcnton ; and, for tho tliird tiiuo, Jaeksou outHanke'd him tlu'ough Thoroughfare Gaj), and at laxt got in his roar. l*o[)0 now had to fight ; and the victory which i)erched upon our banners was the most hnlliant of the war. The participation of Jackson in the campaign of MaryUind, and that of the Rappaliannock, shared their gh)ry, but without occasion for observation on tliosc disthict and inde})endeiit movements which were bis forte^ and for the disphiy of which ho had room in tho valley campaign, and that agahist Pope. An incident occurred just upon the eve of the first battle Ixjfore Fredoncksburg, which is illustrative of his natural reticence — for he was habitually reserved and uncommunicative, never told his plans, and never joked. On this occasion, however, he almost per- petrated a Joke, and the recollection tliereof will hamU the last survivor of those who were witnesses of the simie. It was tho nar- rowest escape he ever had. The battle was just about to break ; indeed, it had already commenced, and Jackson sat intently survey- ing the field before him, when a young officer, ambling confiden- tially alongside, asked him, in the presence of several others now hitensely interested, what his plans of attack or defence were; " for," said he, " if you should fall, General, it would be impor- tant that they should be known." Jackson directly bent his body with a most gracious smile, and placing his hand to his mouth, and his mouth to the ear of the eager and now hugely gratified in(^uirer, asked in a whisper tole- rably loiul : " Can you keep a secret V " Oh, most assuredly," was the answer. To whom Jackson, in a louder voice, and in tone perhaps a trifle triumi)hant, replied : '-'•And so can IT then digging his spurs, cantered rapidly away, his keen grey eyes peering from under the slouched brim of his hat, and looking neither to the right nor the left — amid the uproarious laughter of the interested listeners, and the utter discomfiture of the man of inquiring mind. I . t Sl-ONKWALl. JACKSON. 19 e, and of the \CY tole- ^ At another time he is rejiortecl to have remarked, when (jue*- tioned as to his |>lans : " If my coat-tail knew Avhat is in my head, I wonhl cut it off." lie never failed to manifest his aversion to anythin;:; like iiuinisi- tiveness, and this habitual reticence was one of his strongest traits. It was durin;^ the suceeedin;::; winter and tlie S|)rin<» of 18t>3, that .Tiickson's private cliaraeter, and es|)ecially the evidences of his |)iety, heeanie known to the troops in camp. It was then that tliey learned to esteem him as a father. He was most assiduous hi the revival work wliieh was then pro^ressin;; throughout the army of the llappaliannock, and espeeially in his own corps. That was a solenni and ever memorahlc season. Whole brigades were blessed by Ciod's presence. ClKi[)lains and missionaries united in preaching the word of life, and often the assemblage of soldiers was larger than could he gathered within reach of the speaker's voice (some two thonsaud or more), and of these, as many as five hundred, officers and men, inigiit be seen pressing forward together to crave Divine favor in their behalf. The good work was wonderful, and at a time that might have been deemed anything l)ut auspicious. Among those who were prominent in these labors of Christian Hove among the soldiers, was the lie v. Dr. J. C. Stiles, a clergyman emhient in his profession, and universally beloved, and one of Jackson's warmest friends. He had passed nearly the whole winter in the camp of Jackson's corps, and from their daily inter- course and associations, the two had acipiired for each other more than a fraternal regard. At length it became necessary that they should ])art, for the Doctor's duties called him to another field of labor. On the evening of his dei)arture, he visited Jackson in his tent, where was had a most cordial interview, in the course of which the conversation turned upon a pam})hlet which the Doctor had recently published u})on the subject of " National Rectitude." Of this they talked much, and of kindred tojtics. When the Doctor took his hand to bid him larewell, Jackson said, " Well, Doctor, good-bye ! Now, you Avill do your part in preaching, and I'll do mine in fighting ; and we will pray, and the Lord will help 80 STONEWALL JACKSON. US mid nrnkc ua a ri'i/hfi'oim nation, lloinomher, Doctor, you'll do your part — now, won't you V" Wan there ever such childlike siniplicity ? or a iioltlcr representa- tive of the church militant ? Jackson's re<^ard lor, and strict ohservanco of, the Suhhath, is exotii|ilified in the following extract of a letter to Col. A. 11. Boteler : " Gulney's Dkpartment, Caromnr CoirNTY, Va., " JkctMiihor U», iHGli. " I have read with enoniinationaI distinctions should be Ivcpt out of view, and not touched upon. And, as a general nde, I do not think that a cha;ilain who would preach denominational sermons shouul be in the army. His con- gregation is his regiment, and it is composed of various denomina- tions. I would like to see no (piestion asked in the army what denomination a chaplain belongs to, l)ut let the question bo, does he preach the Gospel ? The neglect of the spiritual interests of the army may be seen from the fact, that not one-half of my regi- ments have cha])laiu3. ******* Among the wants of the Church in the army, is some n:iinister of such acknowledged superiority and zeal, as, under God, to be the means of giving concert of action. Our chaplains, at le;; -it in the same military organization encamped in the same neighborhood, should have their meetings, and tlu'ough God's blessing de\ise successful plans for spiritual con([uests. All the other departments of the arm}-- have system, and such system exists in any other department of the service, that no one of its officers can ni\glect his duty witliont diminishing the efficiency of his branch of the service. And it appears to me that when men see what attention is bestowed secularly in compai-ison Avith wluit is religiously, they naturally under-estimate the importance of rcligion. From what I have said, you may tliiuk I am despondent ; but thanks to an ever kind Providence, such is not the case. I do not know when so many men brouglit together without any religious test, have exhibited so much religious feeling. " The striking leaturc is that so much that is hopeful should exist, when so little human instrumentality has been employed for its accomplishment. In civil life ministers liavo reiiiular meetinirs to devise means for co-operation in advavicing the interests of the Church. This can be done in the army, and I am persuaded it should be. ******** " Some ministers ask for leave of absence for such trivial olyecta 111 ra 111 dl d msm STONEWALL JACKSON. 23 rcgi- in comparison with tlie salvation of tlie soul, tluat I fear they rrjve occasion to others to think that such ministers do not believe that the salvation of the soul is as important as they preach. It is tlie special province of the chaplains to look after the spiritual iinterests of the army, .and I greatly desire to see them evincing a rational zeal proportional to the importance of their mission. Do not believe that I think the chaplains are the only delintpients. I do not believe, but know, that I am a great delinquent, and do not design saying what I have said respecting the laxness of chaplains to apply to all of them. I would like to see each Chridtian de- nomination send one of its great lights into the array. ]}y this arrangement I trust that if any one should have denominational feelings they will not be in the way of advancing a common and glorious cause." Jackson evidently lived l)y ftiith, and conrpiered by prayer. It was said of him, that when he was not fighting he was generally praying. Visitors to his (piarters often complained because it took him so long to conclude his devotions, and they meanwhile waiting patiently without. At all times and seasons he seenicy a re^iint.ent of his own corps. He was strnek by tliree balls : one throu^'h the left arm, two inches below the shoulder joint, shatterin;^ the IvMie and sevcrlnj; the chief artery ; another ball passed throu;;h the same arm, bctwecjitho elbow and wrist, makin;^ its exit through the palm of the hand ; a third ball entered the palm of the ri^ht hand about its middle, and jtassing through, ])roke two of the l)oncs. He fell from his hc/se, and was caught by Captain Wormley, to whou) he remarked, ''All n\y wounds are by my own men.*" He had given orders to fire at anything coming up the road before he left the lines. The enemy's skirmishers appeared ahead of him and he turned to ride back. Just then, some one cried out, *' Cavalry I charge !" and humediately the regiment fired. The whole part}' broke forward to ride through our line to escape the fire. Ca]>t. Boswell was killed and carried through the line by hia horse, and fell amid our own men. Colonel Crutchfield, Chief of StatF, was wounde:o the end. He continued hope- ful, and endeavored to cheer those who were aromidhim. His mind ran very umch on the Bible and religious to[tics. He enquired of Lieutenant S., a theological stu lout on his staff, whether they had ever del)ated in the Seminary the question, whether those who were miraculously cured by Jesus ever had a return of tho disease. " I do not think," he said, " they could liave returned, for the power was too great. The poor paralytic would never again shake with palsy. Oh ! for infinite power !" By evening of that day, all paiuhad ceased. He suffered greatly ..t STONKWAIiL JACFCSON. 85 from prostnitum. On Fruhiy Ijo suffered no pain, Ijut the [)roHtrjv tiun increuHed. Sunday morning, wlieji it was apparent that ho was rapidly n'mk- in^, Mrrt. .lackson was inlornied of his condition. Noticing tho sadness of liis hcdoved wife, he said to her tenderly, " I know you would ghidly j^ive your life f(»r me, hut I am perfectly resigned. Do not he sad — I hope I shall recover. l*ray for me, hut always rcmemhcr in your prayer to use the petition, 'J'hy will he done." i Those wlio were around him noticed u remarkahle develojiment of •^ tenderness in his maiu\er and feelings during his illness, that was a beautiful mellowing of that iron sternness and imperturhahle calm that characterized him in his military operations. Advising his wife, in the event of his death, to return to her father's house, he remarked, " You have a kind and good father. But there is no one so kind aj»d good as your Heavenly Father." When she told him that the doctors did not think he could live two hours, although ho did not himself ex})ect to die, he replied, " It will he infinite gain to he translated to Heaven, and he with Jesus. It is all right." He had previously said, '* I consider these wounds a hlessing ; they were given me for some good and wise purpose, and I woidd not part with them if I coidd." lie then said he had nnich to say to her, hut was too weak. At one time he was ottered stimulants to prolong his existence, hut these lie refused to take. Shortly after, his mind hegan to wander. He had always desired to die, if it were God's will, on tho SahbiLih, and seemed to greet its light that day with peculiar pleasure, sayhig, with evident delight, "it is the Lord's day," and encjuired anxiously what provision had leenmade for j)reaching to the army ; and having ascertained that arrange- ments Avere made, he was contented. Delirium, which occasionally manifested itself during the last two days, prevented some of the utterances of his faith which would, doubtless, have otlierwise heen made. His thoughts vibrated between religious subjects and the battle-field, now asking some (question about the Bible or church history, and then giving an order, " Pass the infantry to the front ;" " Tell Major Hawks to send forward provisions to the men ;" *' A. P. Hill, prepare for ac*:' on ;" " Let us cross over the river, and rest under the shade of the trees ;" until at last, amid the full 86 STONEWALL JACKSON. recognition of the hand of God in his destiny, at a quarter past throe o'clock, liis galhint spirit gently passed over the dark river, and entered on its rest where the tree of hfe is blooming beside the crystal river in tlie better country. Thus passed away the high-soukd, lieroic man, foiling, hke Sydney and Hampden, in the beginning of the struggle to which his life was devoted, bc(pieathing to those who survive him a name and memory, that under God may ct>mpensate for his early, and to us apparently untimely, fall. A little child of the family, when the hero was dying, was taunted with Jackson's wound by some of the prisoners who were collected there awaiting transportation. " We have a hundred Jacksons left if he does die," was the heroic reply of the child. And so we trust it will be. The spirit of Jackson will bo breathed into a thousand hearts which will emulate his bravery, and seek to make up for his loss ; and in the end his memory and glory, his holy life, his manly piety, and his glorious death, may be a richer blessing to us than if his life had been spared. His high religious character, his courage, skill, rapidity of motion, and marvellous success, had given him a hold on the army such as no other man had ; it was felt that his very name was a symbol of victory, 'fhcre was no man who inspired the enemy with so much terror, or for whom they had in their secret heart a more unbounded respect. He has shown the way to victory, and wo trust that many a gallant s))irit will come forward eagerly to tread it, and that Ojur dead hero shall be worth to us more than a host of living ones. It will be if we copy his jucty, as well a» his bravery, and Uke him, cherish the feeling that he so strikingly expressed, as ho paced his tent before the battle, " My trust is in God — I wish they would come on." The age of Gen. Jackson, as given on the silver plate of his coflRn, is as follows : — Lieutenant-General Thomas J. Jackson. Born January 21st, 1824 ; died May 10th, 1863. He was, therefore, a little above -39 years of age. A few days before the battle of Chancellorsville, his photograph was successfully taken. Gait had, just before his death, secured a has relief ; and Volk, while Jackson's body was lying in state at the Governor's mansion, took a cast which is said, by those who have seen it, to be a perfcct/ac simile. and much )unded many lat our :)s. It ) him, ccd his would STONEWALL JACKSON. 87 Gon. Jackson was twice married : the first time to a daughter of Rev. Dr. Junkiu. Ilcr cluldrcn all died. His Avidow was Miss Morrison, of North Carolina, and, with an infant daughter of six months, now survives him. The aunouncoineat of his death spread a gloom over the Avhole country. It was a bitter disappoiutnient ; for the peoj)le, knowing the nature of his wounds, had fondly promised themselves that his invalual)le services would soou be restored to tlie Republic. They hoped that he might live to enjoy in an honorable peace the reward of his toils and dangers in the camp. But an all-wise Providence decreed diftbrently, and the country must bow reverently before the decision of the Onniipotei)t One. A painful interest attaches to the order of General Lee, announcing to the army their great bereave- ment. Headquarters, Army Nortiieun Va., May 11, 1803. General Orders, No. Gl. With deep grief the Cominandhig General announces to the Army the deatli of Jjiout.-(jlou. T. J. Jack.son, who expired on tlie 10th iiist, at pjs p.m. The darin;;' skill and eufr^y of this great and good soldier, by the decrees of an all-wise Providenee, are now htst to us. But wlulc we mourn liis deatli, we feel that his spirit still lives, and will inspire the whole army with his indonutable courage and un.shaken contidence in (jod as our hope and our strength. Let liis name be u watchword to his corps, who ha.ve followed him to victory on so many fields. Let officers and soldiers emulate bis invincible determination to do everything in defence of our beloved country. R. E. LEE, General. THE OBSEQUIES. At 4 o'clock in the afternoon of the 11th of May, the mortal remains of Jackson were received in Richmond from Guinea's Depot, in Caroline coimty. The announcement that they would arrive at 12 o'clock caused an entire suspension of business, and a turn out at the depot of 88 STONEWALL JACKSOJf. !( nearly all the iiiliabltants of the city, who were anxious to pay the last tribute of respect to the departed chieftain. When it was known that the body would not reach the city before 4 o'clock, the immense crowd slowly dispersed, but assembled a,ii;ain at the last hour indi- cated in even greater force than before. The tolling of the different bells gave the signal that the cars were slowly Avending their way down Broad street, when preparations were made for the rece})tion of the body by an appi-opriate disposition of the military. The train was stopped at the corner of 1th and Broad streets, and after a short delay the coffin, containing the body, was removed to the hearse in attendance. It was enveloped in the new flag of the Conlcderacy, and the first use that was over made of it was thus to enwrap the remains of the dejjarted chieftain. This circumstance alone is sufficient to consecrate the newly adopted l)anner in the hearts of the people. On the flag were placed wreaths of evergreen and rare flowers. A few minutes before five o'clock Gen. Elzy gave the command, and the procession started. The procession (the military with i-evcrsed ai*ms) marched slowly to the corner of Ninth street, and turned toward Main, entering the Capitol square by the gate on Grace street. The military having formed a line extending across the stpiare past Washington's monu- ment, the body was slowly conveyed dovvn the line to tl\e Governor's mansion, and carried into the large reception room. The bells were tolled till sundown, till which time hundix3ds of people remained on the square. Never before was such a heartfelt and general mani- festation of grief hi Richmond at any event as was then and there enacted. The following day the body was transferred from the Governor's House to the Capitol. At noon a long procession passed through the streets of the city. The arms of the soldiers were I'evoi'sed, and their banners were draped in mourning. The drums were mufiled, and the notes of trumpets and horn wero funereal. The tolling bell and the cannon booming at long intervals, told a mourn- ful story. The war-worn veterans of Picket's division were there. Ewell, brave, modest ajid maimed, rode close to the hearse of his great commander. The President of the Confederate States, pale ajid t i STONEWALL JACKSON. 89 sorrowful, was tlicro. The full beard and moustache remaining. The body n-as dressed in a full citizen's suit, it being the object of his friends to preserve the unitbrm in which he fought and fell. The doors of the llall were kept open to visitors until mne o'clock in the evening, Avhon they Avere closed, and Richmond took her farc- Avell of " Stonewall " Jackson. It Avas the last Avish of the dying hero that ho should be buried m I his but thos cou the Avel of re ml STONEWALL JACKSON. 41 in Lexington, in the Valley of Vir;^inia, amul the scenes familiar to Lis eyes through the years of hismanhooil, o])S(Mire and niireeonled, but perhajjs filled with rocoUeetions to him not less alfecting than those connected with the brief but crowded period passed upon a grander stage. Tins desire, expressed at such a time, demanded unhesitating compliance, although many will regret that his remains could not have been laid beside those of Tvleii and Moxuoi:, in the secluded spot upon the brink of the James, which has been Avell selected as the place of national honor for the illustrious dead of \ irginia. In accordance with his desire, Jackson's body was removed to Lexington, where it arrived on the afternoon of Thurs- day, the 14tli day of May. It was attended by the corps of cadets, under Gen. F. H. Smith, the professor of the Institute, and a large number of citizens, and escorted in solemn procession to the Insti- tute barracks, where it was deposited in the old lecture room of the illustrious deceased. The room was just as he left it two years before, save that it was heavily draped in mourning — not having been occupied since his absence. The hall which had so often echoed the voice of the modest and unknown professor, received back t'le laurel-crowned hero with the applause of the world, and the benedic- tion of a nation resting upon him. It was a touching scene, and brought tears to many eyes when the body was deposited just in front" of the favorite chair from Avhich his lectures were delivered. Professors, students, visitors, all were deeply moved by the sad and solemn occasion, and gazed in mute sorrow on the affecting spec- tacle of the dead hero lying in his familiar lecture room. Guns were fired every half hour during the day in honor of the departed chief- tain. On Friday, religious services were held in the church in Avhich ho had delighted to worship God for ten years before the beginning of his late brilliant career. They were conducted 1)y the Rev. Dr. White, the only pastor Gen. Jackson ever had after he became an avowed soldier of the Cross — a pastor whom he tenderly loved, and whose religious counsels he modestly sought, oven hi the midst of the most absorbing scenes through which he had passed during the last two years.* See Appendix B. 42 STONEWALL JACKSOX. A o'lvic 1111(1 mil'itary procession a\!\s afterwards formed, conspi- cuous in wliieh were those oHieers and soldiers of the old Stonewall En,ii;ade who ha[)]iened at the time to l)e in the county. It awakened tlirilhii^' associations to see tlie sliatti'red IVa^'ments of this famous Eriirade assemhh'd under ^lie Ha^ of tlie heroic Liherty Hall boy.-, — tlie same Hag which for some time Avas the I'e.t^imental standard of Jackson's old Fom-th l{e,:;iment,and which that reghnent carried in triumph over the bloody field of Manassas on the ever-memorable 21st day of July. tSlowly and sadly moved the funeral procession — the body envel- ojted in the fla^g of his country and covered with flowers, and borne on a caisson of the Cadet JJattery dra[ied in mournini^ ; and when the escort returned from its solemn duty, all that remained to earth of Jackson had been deposited in the silent tomb where reposed the relics of his former wife and child. J " IIo sleeps liis lii-^t slccj), Ik; has fought his last battle; Mo isouiul can luviiku iiiiii to gloiy ii),'aiu." Jacksox xh no more.' In the words of his beloved companion in ai'ms, Gen. Beauregard, " The illustrious soldier, Lieutenant Gen. Thomas J. Jackson, is dead. The memory of his high worth, con- spicuous virtues and momentous services will be treasured in the heart, and excite the pride of this country to all time. His renown is already identified with our revolution; and even our enemy admits his unselfish devotion to our cauSe, and admires his eminent qualities." Yea, truly, even his enemies were constrained to do him honor — to praise his valor, and acknowledge his virtues. Not one dare utter a breath of slander against him. While living, he won their admiration, and called forth many a lusty demonstration of their ajiproval. It is a solemn fact that the 11,000 Federal prisoners captured at Har])er's Ferry cheered him heartily when he presented himself. Now cold in death, they give him their verbal tributes, which we esteem as born, not so much of generous emotions, as wrung from them by the demands of an exacting conscience ! " Jackson (,says one Federal journalist) was the most brilliant STONKWALL JACKSON". 43 rebel General developed l)y tliis war. From his coolness and saga- city, ra[nd movements and stubbornness in the fight, and his inva- riublo good nature, he resembled Napoleon in his early career, more than does any other genei-al of modern times. Wherever Jackson appeared on any field, victory seems to have perched up(m his banners. He Avas a universal favorite in the rebel armies, and popu- lar even in our own." Another says : " Stonewall" JaHe ! But yt'ster-eve his thouj;iits »»n Hclds did ranue: His eye was 'rapt in blazo, and freedom sk-pt Secure within its bosom, where she'd ere])t For irreater safetv in tho dreadful hour, When wrathful tyranny unchained its power, And Oade her choose between subnussion, shame, And loss of country, honor, and of name. Now beams no more the eye's lieroic litiht ; No more the pulse beats with a stern dfli^ht ; No more the sword directs the march of war : Closed is the ear to the deep sullen roar Of miirhty combat — to th' exultiiiLr shout Of marshalled vict'ry on the lieels of rout — IJe who in battle showed a C;usar"s skill, A Jiayard's fearlessness, a Crouiwell's will, But who suri)assed tliem all in this — that crowned AVith laurels such as never yet have bomid With greater beauty the triumpliant head. Gave all the praise to Glod — the God who led Old Israel's hosts, wlien Phuroah hennned their way, Thro' the dark waters unto Canaan's day — He, too, is fallen ! Now the very breath Of war seems hushed, astonished at the death Which its red hand has wrouj^it upon the chief Of all its daring spirits. On the leaf Where splendid actions and immortal names. Blend their rich colors in the midst of flames, Behold, in characters, which like the lightnings ran, Jackson, the hero, patriot, Christian man ! Ages shall sing his praise : a nation weeps — Behold, how still the spirit of the mighty sleeps ! APPENDIX. (A.) TiiK Stoxkwall Bukiahe. — T\w vc*|H!i't to his niomory : llr^iilnil, I. Th It, in till' dt'itli \)\' lii.'iilcnant ("ii'iicral Jackson, th(! world has lost one ol' its hcst and piirrst iikmi — -our caiiiitry and the (•Inirch of (J. id '' a hriiiht ancre- tar}' of W ir h" re(jU"sted to onhu" that it may be known ami desin'inited a« the " Stonewall liriuade ;" and that, in thus formally adoptinjj; a .itle wliich is inseparably connected with liis name ami fame, we will strive to render (uirselves more worthy of it, by ( niulatini;' Jii.s virtues, and like him, devote all our enerfi euloiry. ,,p taiizef'l \'i Institiito, and -re.it , The (;, hut |iitltli(! spiiiti'cl and uscl'iil lit'o. It would hn ii .stMtsolcs.s wasto of wonLs i attt!iii|it u culo;j;y uixtii this <;roat uiuoui;' the j^Toatost of the sons who liavo iuiiiior- taliziMl ^ ir<,'iiu;i. Totlio corps of tlu' Cadi'ts of tin; Vir-iiiiau Mili ary Institute, what a U^^iu'y he has left: what an example oi ..,1 that is yood and uroat and true in the charaeter of a Christian soldier ! The (^lOVtTiior directs that the liii;lu'st, fmicral honors he paid to his memory, that the customary outward badges of mourning be worn by all the officers and cadets ol" the Institution. liy conummd, W. II. IIICIIAKDSON, Adjutant General. IIeadquauters, Viroinia jMilitary Institute, General Orders, No. SO. May i;5, l.S(i:5. It is the painful duty of the Superintendent to announce to the officers and cadets of this Institution, the death of their late associate and profes- gor. Lieutenant Gentu-al Thomas J. .laekson. Jle died at (Guinea's Station (.'aroline Co., Va., on the lOth instant, of pneumonia, alter a short but violent illness, supia'veniny upon the seven; wounds received in the battle of Chaneellorsvillo A nation mourns the loss of tjcneral Jackson. First in the hearts of the brave men he has so often led to victory, there is not a homo in this Confederacy that will not feel the loss, and lament it as a <;reat national calamity. But our loss is distinctive. He was peculiarly our own. lie came to us in ISol, a Lieutenant and Brevet Major of Artillery, from the Army of the late United States, upon the unanimous'appointmont of the Board of Visitors, as Professor of Natural and Experimental Philosophy and Instructor of Artillery. Here ho labored with scrupulous fidelity, for ten years, in the duties of the.se important offices. Hero ho became a Soldier of the Cross ; and, as a humble, conscientious and useful Christian man, he established the character which he has developed into the world-renowned (Miristian hero. On the 20th of April, IHlll, upon the order of his PIxcellency, Gov- rnor Letcher, he left the Institute in command of the Corjis if Cadets, for Camp Lee, Bichmond, for service in the defence of his State and country; and he has never known a day of rest, until called by the Divine command to cease from his labors. The military career of General Jackson fills the most brilliant and momentous pa<^o in the history of our country, and in the achievements of our arms, and he stands forth a colossal figure in this war for our independence. II is country now returns him to us — not as he was when ho left us ; his spirit has gone to God who gave it. Ilis mutilated body comes back to us — to his home— to be laid by us in his tomb, llevenntly and affectionately we will discharge this last solemn duty. And, Tlioufili lii'' cnrflily sun is set, His li;;lit slmil liiiffi'r rouiiil us yet, Uriglit — rudiuntr— blt'st." D 1 1 50 STONEWALL JACKSON. ' I Young gentlemen of tlic Corps of Cadets — The memory of General Jackson is ])rccious to you. You know how faithfully, how causeicn- tiously he discliargcd every duty. You know that he was euiphati'-.i Iv a mail of (lod, and that Christian principle impressed every act of his life. You know how he sustained the honor of our arms, when lie commanded at Harper's Ferry — how gallantly lie repulsed Patterson at Haincsville — the invincible stand he made »vith his Stonewall Brigade at Manassas. You know the brilliant scries of successes and victories which immortalized his Valley campaign — for many of you were under his standard at McDowell, and pursued the discomlitted Milroy and Schenck to Franklin. You know his rapid march to the Chicahominy — how he turned the flank of McClellan at Gaines' Mill — his subsequent victory over Pope at Cedar Mountain — the part he bore in the great victory at second Manassas — his investment n.tid capture of Harper's Ferry — his rapid march and great conflict at Sharpsburg — and when his last conflict was passed, the tribute of the magnanimous Lee, who ^YOuld gladly have suffered in his own person, could he by that sacrifice have saved Gen. Jackson, and to whom alone, under God, he gave the whole glory of the great victory at Chancellorsville. Surely, the Virginia Military Institute has a precious inheritance in the memory of General Jackson. His work is finishc 1 ; God gave him to us and his country ; He fitted him for his work, and when his work was done, He called him to Himself. Submission to the will of his Heavenly Father — it may be said of him that while in every heart there may be some murmuring — his will was to do and suffer the will of God. Reverence the memory of such a man as General Jackson ; imitate hia ▼irtues, and here, over his lifeless remains, reverently dedicate your services, and your life, if need be, in defence of that cause so dear to his heart — the cause for which he fought and bled, the cause in which h% died. Let the Cadets' battery, which he so long commanded, honor his memory by half-hour guns to-morrow, from sunrise to sunset, under the direction of the Commandant of the Cadets. Let the flag of the State and Confederacy be hung at half-mast to-morrow. Let his lecture room bo draped in mourning for the period of six months. Let the Officers and Cadets of the Institute wear the usual badge of mourning for the period of thirty days; and it is respectfully requested that the Alumni of the Institution uuite in this tribute of respect to the memory of their late Professor. All duties will be suspended to-morrow, By command of Major-General F. H. Smith, (Signed) A. GOVAlN HILL, A. A. V. M. I. icrai ncn- Iv a life, edat -the You d his )well, You flank 3edar 3as — great •ibute 3 own id to iry at 3cious fitted mself. f him 11 was te his your to his ich li« or his er the f-mast of six dge of [uested to the [.I. i