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vii 
 
A TRUE REPORTE 
 
 OF 
 
 Martin Frobisher's 
 
 VOYAGE, 1577, 
 
 BY 
 
 DIONYSE SETTLE. 
 London, 1577. 
 
JO Copies printed. 
 
 No, 
 
m 
 
 Hi 
 
 & 
 
 A true reporte of 
 
 the lafte voyage into the 
 Weft Httd povtliwrft nai- 
 
 oas, l^c. 1577. worthily atcBie- 
 ued by Capteine Frobi flier of 
 the fayde voyage the firft 
 nnder and Ge- 
 neral). • 
 
 JVitb a defcripHoH of the people 
 
 there inhabiting, and other 
 
 circumjlanees 
 
 notable. 
 
 ffiliittm bg Diony fe Settle, ont of 
 
 % comnamt m t^t fagbe bo^- 
 
 ajt, anb Imtant to t^e lllg^t 
 
 ^nonxable t^e 6arU 
 
 of Cumberland. 
 
 AT// mortalibus arduum eft. 
 
 ^ Imfrinted at Lon- 
 
 don by Henrie Middle- 
 ton. Anno. 1577. 
 
 U 
 
^ A RTTHME DECASVLL ABI- 
 
 call, vpon this laji luckie voyage ofwortbie 
 
 Capteine Frobijher, 1 577. 
 
 THrough fundrie fomtng fretes.andllorining (Ireightes, 
 That ventrous knight of Ithac' foyle did faile : 
 Againft the force of Syrens baulmed beightes. 
 His noble (kill and courage did preuaile. 
 His hap was hard, his hope yet nothing fraile. 
 Not ragged Rockes, not finking Syrtes or fands 
 His ftoutnefle ftaide, from viewing forreigne lands. 
 
 That Poets penne and paines was well employ d. 
 
 His braines bedeawd with dropps of ParnafFe fpring : 
 
 Whereby renowne deferued he enioyd. 
 
 Yea, nowe (though dead) the Mufes fweetly fing, 
 
 Melodioufly by note, and tuned firing. 
 
 They found in th' eares of people farre and neere, 
 Th' exceeding praife of that approued Peere. 
 
 A right Heroicall heart of Britanne blood, 
 Vlylfes match in (kill and Martiall might : 
 For Princes fame, and countries fpeciall good. 
 Through brackilh feas (where Neptune reignes by right) 
 Hath fafely faild, in perils great defpight : 
 The Golden fleece (like lafon) hath he got. 
 And rich returnd, faunce lofle or lucklefle lot. 
 
 O that I had old tfomers worthy witt, 
 O that I had, this prefent houre, his head : 
 With penne in hand, then mufing would I fitt. 
 And our Vlyfles valiant venture fpread 
 In vaunting verfe, that when his corps is dead, 
 (Which long may Hue) his true renowne may reft. 
 As one whome God aboundantly hath bleit. 
 
 Abraham Fleming. 
 
% To the Right honourable 
 
 and my (ingular good Lord, George Earle of 
 
 Cumberland, Baron Clifford, Lord of Skipton 
 
 and VeiTeie : his humble feruaunt Dionyfe Settle, 
 
 wiflieth the fulnefle of all 
 
 perfeft felicitie. 
 
 Vr both is, and hath beene, {Jtigbt 
 Honourable) the bountie of a nobte 
 mynde, not to cxpeR remuneration 
 orfatijfa£lionfor liberalitie frankly 
 beflateed. It both is, and alfo bath 
 beene accounted a great vice, to 
 I feeme vntbankfull, or a: the leaft 
 not fomtbing carefull, of tobom, 
 when, and bow, we Jhould receiue liberalitie. I am not 
 obliuious, neitber carelejfe, wben, and bow, your Honour 
 (aboue my expectation) nobly fatiffied tbe requeft of me your 
 bumble feruant. I am mojl ajfured, tbat tbe vertue of 
 your noble beart expeHetb notbing of me, but tbat your 
 goodneffe might abound to my profte: vpon wbicb occafion, 
 and bicaufe I would not be accounted ingratefull, I baue 
 botb boldly pajfed tbe limittes of my duetie, and alfo vnlearn- 
 edly taken vpon me to fet foortb fame tbing wortbie notice, 
 in tbis laji voyage of our Capteine and Generall, Majler 
 Martine Frobijber, your Honours wortbie Countrie man : 
 vnder wbome {as your Honours vnwortbie feruant) I was 
 one in tbe faid voyage. By bis great diligence, tbe voyage 
 
 it 
 
 191S55 
 
6 The Epiflle Dedicatorie. 
 
 is worthily Jinijbtd : whereby I am perfuaded, that he will 
 refell the rehear/all of thoje opprobrious wordes, namely, 
 that. All euill cometh from or hath originall in the 
 North : not onely he, but many wortbie fubjeaes more. 
 
 I haue publijbed this fcantling, vnder the noble title of 
 your Honour, to whom I offer the fame in dedication : 
 which, though it be not decorated with good learning, apte 
 for the fitting foorth of fo notahle a matter : yet, the fame 
 is beautified with good will and trueth. Where in your 
 Honour, {ifitjballfo pleafe you) for recreation fake, may 
 vnderftand, what people, countries, and other commodities 
 we haue found out, fince our departure from England, 
 which haue not ben knowne before. Thus, prefuming vpon 
 hope and affurance of your Honours pardon for my bolde 
 attempt herein, ' reft humbly at your Lordftfips commaunde- 
 
 ments : wiflfing your time fo fpent in this world, that 
 
 you may inioy the felicitie in the 
 
 worlde to come. 
 
 Amen. 
 
 Your Lordlhips moft hum- 
 ble feruaunt to commaund, 
 
 Dionyfe Settle. 
 
 To 
 
To the Chriftian 
 
 Reader. 
 
 fVch countries and people 
 (good Chriftian Reader) 
 which almofl from the 
 deluge, or at the leaft, 
 fo long as anye humane 
 creature hath had habi- 
 tation on the earth, haue 
 of late yeres, by y" induftrie of diligent 
 fearchers ben explored: it hath likewife 
 pleafed God, y* they (hould be found out 
 by thofe people, which for the tempera- 
 ture of their habitati6, are mod apt to 
 atchiue the fame. As for example, the 
 Spaniards, the Weft Indies. Spaine is 
 fituated much more neere y" Tropike of 
 Cancer, then other Chriftian countries 
 be : wherby, the Spaniards are better able 
 to tolerate Phoebus burning beames, then 
 others whiche are more Septentrional 
 th6 they. Wherfore, I fuppole them the 
 moft apte men for the inioying of the 
 habitation of the Weft Indies : and efpe- 
 , cially 
 
8 • To the Reader. 
 
 daily fo much, as is vexed with contin- 
 ual heate, or that is agreeable to their 
 temperature, God hath ben pleafed that 
 they, as the moft apt people, fhould both 
 explore & inioy y" fame. Semblably, y" 
 Portugals, whofe temperature is corre- 
 fpondent to y" Spaniards, God is alfo con- 
 tented, that they haue explored Africa, 
 euen through the burning Zone, both 
 the Weft and South coaft, v/ith al y* coaft 
 of Afia, vnto the Oriental cape therof, 
 and the Iflands adiacent to them both : 
 wherefore, both for their habitation, and 
 temperature, I account them y" moft apt 
 people to atchiue y* fame, and to reape 
 the benefite, where about they haue taken 
 no fmall paines and labor. In like man- 
 er, the French men, where y° Spaniards 
 thought y* place not apt for their tem- 
 perature, difcouered Noua Francia, and 
 other places in America: wherfore, I 
 iudge them worthie the commoditie 
 thereof, as people moft apt to inioy and 
 poffefle the fame. Laftly, it hath plefed 
 
 God, 
 
To the Reader. 9 
 
 God, at this prefent, by the great dili- 
 gence &; care of our worthie Countrie- 
 man, Mailer Martine Frobifher, in the 
 1 8. and 19. yeare of ourp Oueenes Maief- 
 ties reigne, to difcouer, for the vtilitie of 
 his Prince and Countrie, other regions 
 more Septentrional, .len thofe before 
 I'ehearied : which, from tine beginning, 
 as vnknowne till nowe, haue bene con- 
 cealed and hidden. Which difcouerie, I 
 iudge moft apt for vs Engliih men, and 
 more agreeing to our temperature, then 
 others aboue rehearfed. I leaue the 
 famous difcouerie of Mofcouie, and other 
 countries on thofe partes, (whiche of late 
 yeares haue bene explored by the induf- 
 trie of other our worthie countrimen) to 
 the diligent Reader: whereby he may 
 confider, that this our countrie, hath fol- 
 tered vp men of no lefle value and excel- 
 lencie, then thofe, which are intituled. 
 The fecond, thirde, and fourth Neptune. 
 And doubtleffe, hee, by whofe endeuour 
 this laft difcouerie of the world is explo- 
 red. 
 
lo To the Reader. 
 
 red, may bee celebrated as well with the 
 title of Aeolus, as alfo of Neptune. By 
 whofe Angular knowledge and cunning, 
 God hath preferued vs in this voyage, 
 from bothe their cruell daungers. 
 
 Thus (Chriftia Reader) thou maift per- 
 ceiue, that the worlde, of late yeares, hath 
 beene difcouered by fundrie regions of 
 this our Europe : which God hath fo di- 
 uided in the exploring of the fame, that 
 it feemeth apt and agreeable to the difco- 
 uerer, more then to any other, to inioy 
 all fuch commodities as they yealde and 
 afFoorde. Confider alfo, that Chriftians 
 haue difcouered thefe countries and peo- 
 ple, which fo long haue lyen vnknowne, 
 and they not vs : which plainely may ar- 
 gue, that it is Gods good will and plea- 
 fure, that they fhould be inftrufted in his 
 diuin^ feruice and religion, whiche from 
 the beginning, haue beene nouzeled and 
 nouriftied in Atheifme, grofle ignorance, 
 and barbarous behauiour. Wherefore, 
 this is my iudgement, (in conclulion) 
 
 that 
 
To the Reader. 
 
 1 1 
 
 that who fo euer can winne them from 
 their infidelitie, to the perfedl knowledge 
 of his diuine inftitutions and feruice, hee 
 or they are worthie to receiue the great- 
 eft rewarde at Gods hands, and the grea- 
 ter benefites from thofe countries, which 
 he hath difcouered. Fare well. 
 
 A true 
 
T A true report of Cap- 
 
 'f '"^f'^'n ^'^^'' ^'' ^^^ voyage into 
 
 the Weft and Northweft regions, 
 
 this prefentyere 1577. With 
 
 a defcription of the people 
 
 there inhabiting. 
 
 :N Whitfunday 
 laft part, being 
 the 26. of May, 
 in this prefent 
 yeare of our 
 Lorde God i,- 
 
 j? iwL J ^77- Capteine 
 
 trobtjher departed from Blacke 
 IVally with one of the Queenes 
 Maiefties fhippes, called The Aide, 
 of nine fcore tunne, or there 
 aboutes: and two other little 
 Barkes likewife, the one called 
 The Gabriel, whereof Maifter 
 Fenton a Gentlema of my Lord 
 
 of 
 
 1 : 
 
 iii. 
 
14 The laji voyage 
 
 of Warwicks was Capteine : and 
 the other, The Michael, whereof 
 Maifter Torke a Gentleman of 
 my Lorde Adnierals was Captein, 
 accompanied with feuen fcore 
 gentlemen, fouldiers and faylers, 
 well furnifhed with victuals, and 
 other piouifio neceffarie for one 
 halfe yere, on this his feconde 
 voyage, for the further difcoue- 
 ring of the paflage to Cataia, and 
 other countries therevnto adia- 
 cent, by Weft and Northweft 
 Nauigations : whiche paflage, or 
 way, is fuppofed to be on the 
 North and Northweft partes of 
 America: and the fayd America 
 to be an Iflande inuironed with 
 the fea, where-through our Mer- 
 chaunts might haue courfe and 
 recourfe with their merchandize, 
 from thefe our Northernmoft 
 parts of Europe, to thofe oriental 
 coafts of AJia, in much (horter 
 
 time 
 
ofCapteineFrobiJher, 
 
 time, and with greater benefit 
 then any others, to their no little 
 commoditie and proiite that doe 
 traffique the fame. Oure fayde 
 Capteine and Generall of this 
 prefent voyage and companie, 
 
 YTV^V^'^ before, with two 
 little Pinnifies, to his great daun- 
 ger and no fmall commendations 
 giuen a worthy attempt towardes 
 the performaunce thereof, is alfo 
 preft (when occafion (hall bemin- 
 iltred, to the benefite of his Prince 
 and natiue countrie) to aduenture 
 him felfe further therein. As for 
 th^ fecond voyage, it feemeth 
 lufficient, that he hath better ex- 
 plored and fearched the commod- 
 ities of thofe people and coun- 
 tries, with fufficient commoditie 
 vnto the aduenturers, which in his 
 hrft voyage the yeare before he 
 had round out. 
 
 Upon which confiderations, 
 • the 
 
 15 
 
1 6 The laji voyage 
 
 the day and yeare before expreiT- 
 ed, we departed from Blacke Wall 
 to Harwiche, where making an 
 accomplifhmentof thinges necef- 
 farie, the laft of Maye we hoyfed 
 vp failes, and with a mery winde 
 ^^A n' 7* therof we arriued at the 
 
 chades/or Ifl^"^s Called OrchadeSy or vul- 
 Orkney. garly Orkney, being in number 
 30. fubiedt and adiacent to Scot- 
 land, where we made prouifion 
 of freflie water : in the doing 
 whereof, our Generall licenced 
 the Gentlemen and Souldiers, for 
 their recreation, to go on (hoare. 
 The Or- At our landing, the people fled 
 chadeans f,.Qjj^ their poore cotages, with 
 
 vpon fmall ^ ., ,* , ° 
 
 occafion mrikes and alarums, to warne 
 fled their their neighbors of enimies : but 
 by gentle perfuafions we reclaim- 
 ed them to their houfes. It 
 feemeth they are often fri,^hted 
 with Pirates, or fome other eni- 
 mies, that moueth them to fuch 
 fouden feare. Their houfes are 
 
 very 
 
ofCapteine FroHjher. 
 
 very fimphe builded with pibble Simple 
 ftone without any chimnefs, the"!,-"'" '" 
 fire being made i„ ,he middeft ""°''- 
 
 children, and other of their fam- 
 
 M T\ ""^ "^^P" °n the one 
 fide of the houfe, and their cat- 
 
 '„i?""?^°"'!'-'^«'-y>>eaftlyand 
 
 nre is turffes and Cowe fhardes '••> Orkney 
 
 They haue corne bigge, and oate 
 w th „h,^h^ ^. ^^^,^ 
 
 nf K^^'u'"?' '° '•'' maintenance 
 of his houfe. They take great 
 quantitie of fi(he, which they drie 
 in the winde and Sunne. They 
 drelle their meate very fihhily 
 and eate it without fait. Their 
 appareJl is after the rudeftfort of 
 Scot/a»J Their money is all bafe. 
 Their churche and religion is 
 reformed according to the Scots. 
 The fiflier men of Eng/and, can 
 
 better 
 
 '7 
 
 ) i\i 
 
 i h 
 
1 1' 
 .■I ■ 
 
 1 8 TAe laji voyage 
 
 Fifticr better declare the difpofitions of 
 England thofe people than I : wherfore, I 
 haue only remit Other their vfages to their 
 trafique m reportes, as yearely repairers thith 
 ' "'^^* er, in their courfe to and from 
 IJland for fifh. 
 In lune We departed herehence, the 8. 
 and lulie, of lune, and followed our courfe 
 "n^thofc betweene Weft and North weft. 
 Weft and vntill the 4. of lulie : all which 
 North- time, we had no night, but that 
 gions. eafily, and without any impedi- 
 ment, we had when we were fo 
 difpofed, the fruition of our 
 bookes, and other pleafures to 
 pafTe awaye the time : a thinge 
 of no fmall moment, to fuch as 
 wander in vnknowen feas and 
 longe Nauigations, efpecially, 
 when both the winds, and rag- 
 ing furges, do pafle their com- 
 mon and wonted courfe. This 
 benefite endureth in thofe partes 
 not fixe weekes, whileft the 
 
 Sunne 
 
of Capteine Frobijher. \ r; 
 
 Sunne is neere the T^opike of • 
 Cancer: but where the Pole is 
 raifed to 70. or 80. degrees, it 
 continueth the longer. 
 
 All along thefe feas, after we 
 were 6. dayes fayling from Ork- 
 ney, we met floting in the fea, 
 great Firre trees, which as wee 
 ludged, were with the furie of 
 great floudes rooted vp, and fo 
 driuen into the fea. IJland hath 
 almoft no other wood nor fewel, 
 but fuch as they take vp vpon 
 their coaftes. It feemeth, that 
 thefe trees are driuen from fome 
 parte of the Newfound land, with 
 the Current that fetteth from the 
 Weft to the Eaft. 
 
 The 4. of lulie, we came with- Freefland. 
 in the making of Free/eland. 
 From this fhoare 10. or 12 
 leagues, we met great Iflands of iflandes of 
 yce, oi halfe a mile, fome more,y«- 
 fome leffe in compaffe, (hewing 
 
 aboue 
 
20 The laji voyage 
 
 aboue tlje lea 30. or 40. fath- 
 omes, and as we fuppofed, fafl on 
 ground, where, with oure leade 
 wee could fcarfe found the bot- 
 tom e for deapth. 
 
 Here, in place of odoriferous 
 and fragrant fmelles of fweete 
 gummes, and pleafant notes of 
 muficall birdes, which other 
 Countries in more temperate 
 Zone do yeeld, we tailed the moft 
 boifterous Bore all blafls, mixt 
 !«' [""owe with fnow and haile, in the 
 ?n lune ^ moneth of lune and lulie, noth- 
 and lulie. ing inferiour to oure vntemperate 
 Winter : a foudeine alteration, 
 and elpecially in a place or Par- 
 alele, where the Pole is not ele- 
 uate aboue 6 1 . degrees : at which 
 height other countries more to 
 the North, yea, vnto 70. degrees, 
 fhewe thefelues more temperat 
 than this doth. 
 
 All along this coaft yce lyeth, 
 
 as 
 
 ^1 
 
of Capteine Frobijher. . 21 |j 
 
 as a continual! bullworkcj andj^"^^- ' 
 
 fo defendeth the countrie, that pJee^nand. 
 thofe whiche would land there 
 
 incurre great daunger. Our Gen- | 
 
 erall three dayes together, at- | 
 
 tempted with the (hippboate to 1 
 
 haue gone on (hoare, whiche, for • 1 
 
 that without great daunger he 
 could not accomplifhe, he -defer- 
 red it vntil a more conuenient 
 time. All along the coaft lye The 
 very highe mounteines couered J °jyj^°j 
 with fnowe, exceptc in fuch highe 
 places, where, through the fteepe- ""P""- 
 nefle of the mounteines, of force *'"**' 
 it mufl needes fall. 
 
 Foure dayes coafting along preenand 
 this Land, we found no ligne of Aibieft to 
 habitation. Little birdes, whiche ^°8g«- 
 we iudged to haue loft y' (hoare, , . . 
 by reafon of thicke fogges, which birdes 
 that countrie is much fubiedtfigne 
 vnto, came fleeing to oure (hippes, ^J j^gbita" 
 whiche caufeth vs to fuppofe, that tion. 
 
 the 
 
22 T^be laji voyage 
 
 the cGuntrie is both more toller- 
 able, and alfo habitable within, 
 then the outward (hoare maketh 
 (hewe or figni6cation. 
 
 From hence we departed the 
 eight of lulie : and the i6. of the 
 fame, we came within the mak- 
 ing of land, whiche land our 
 Generall, the yeare before, had 
 The named The ^ueenes foreland, being 
 
 Queenes xn j • j i • 
 
 ;^e,,nd, an Illand, as we ludge, lymg neere 
 the fuppofed continent with 
 America : on the other fide, op- 
 pofite to y* fame, one other IHand 
 
 Halles Ifle called Halles Ifle, after the name 
 of the Maifter of our (hippe, 
 neere adiacent to the firme land, 
 fuppofed continent with Afia. 
 Betweene the which two Iflandes, 
 there is a large entrance or ftreight 
 
 Frobiftiers called Frobtfhers ftreight, after the 
 
 Streight. name of oure Generall, the firft 
 finder thereof. This faid ftreight, 
 is fuppofed to haue paflage into 
 
 the 
 
of Caffeine Fri^ijher. 
 
 the Sea of Sur, which I leaue 
 vnknowne as yet. 
 
 It feemeth, that either here, or 
 not farre hence, the Sea fhould 
 fiaue more large entraunce, than 
 m other partes, within the frofen 
 or vntemperate Zone: and that 
 lome contrarie tide, either from 
 the Eaft or Weft, with maine 
 force cafteth out that great quan- 
 title of yce, which commeth 
 floating from this coaft, euen vnto 
 treejland, caufing that countrie 
 to feeme more vntemperate than 
 others muche more Northerly 
 than they are. 
 
 I cannot iudge, that any tem- 
 perature vnder the Pole, beeing 
 the time of the Sunnes Northerne 
 declination, halfe a yeare together 
 and one whole day, (confideriiig, 
 that the Sunnes eleuation fur- 
 mounteth not 23. degrees and 30. 
 minutes,) can haue power to dif- 
 ♦ folue 
 
 •I 
 
4 
 
 24 T^bt laji voyage 
 
 iflands of folue fuch monftruous and huge 
 
 yce com- . , o 
 
 parable to 7^^* Comparable to great moun- 
 
 moun- teines, excepte by fome other 
 
 temes. force, as by fwift Currents and 
 
 tydes, with the helpe of the faid 
 
 day of halfe a yeare. 
 
 Before we came within the 
 making of thefe Landes, we tafted 
 " cold ftormes, infomuch that it 
 feemed, we had chaunged Sum- 
 mer with winter, if the length of 
 the dayes had not remoued vs 
 from that opinion. 
 
 At our firft comming, the 
 ftreightes feemed to be (hutt vp 
 with a long mure of yce, whiche 
 gaue no little caufe of difcomfort 
 
 Capteine ^"'^ ^^ ^^! * ^"^ °"^ Generall, (to 
 Frobifher whofe diligence, imminent daun- 
 hisfpeciailgers, and difficult attemptes feem- 
 care at. ^^ nothing, in refpedt of his will- 
 ing mind, for the commoditie of 
 his Prince and countrie,) with 
 two little Pinnifes prepared of 
 • pur- 
 
of Capteine Frobijher, 25 
 
 purpofe, pafTid twife thoroughe • 
 them to the Eaft flioare, and 'the 
 Iflands therevnto adiacent : and 
 the Ihippe, with the two barks, 
 lay off and on fomethinti; further 
 into the fea, from <.he daunger of 
 the yce. 
 
 Whileft he was fearching the The order 
 ^uuntrie neere the (lioare, fomepfj^'^ea^r 
 of the people of the countrie ing on^"' 
 
 (hewed themfelues, leaping and^"'"^*^- 
 dauncing, with ftraunge (hrikes 
 and cryes, whiche gaue no little 
 admiration to our men. Our 
 General! defirous to allure them 
 vn£o him by faire meanes, caufed 
 kniues, & other thinges, to be 
 profciTed vnto them, whiche they 
 would not take at our handes: 
 but beeing layd on the ground, 
 & the partie going away, they 
 came and tooke vp, leauing fome- 
 thing of theirs to counteruaile y^ 
 fame. At the length, two of 
 
 them 
 
, ill The lajl voyage 
 
 them leaning their weapons, came 
 downe to our Generall and Maif- 
 ter, who did the like to them, 
 commaunding the companie to 
 ftay, and went vnto them : who, 
 after certeine dumbe lignes and 
 mute congratulations, began to 
 lay handes vpon them, but they 
 ^^^j5^ ^"'^ deliuerly efcaped, and ranne to 
 pie. °' their bowes and arrowes, and 
 came fiercely vppon them, (not 
 refpeding the reft of our com- 
 panie, which were readie for their 
 defence) but with their arrowes 
 One hurt diuerfe of them : we tooke 
 taken. the one, and the Other efcaped. 
 Whileft our Generall was bull- 
 ed in fearching the countrie and 
 thofe Iflands adiacent on the Eaft 
 fhoare, the fhip and barckes hau- 
 ing great care, not to put farre 
 into the fea from him, for that 
 he had fmall ftore of vidtuals, 
 were forced to abide in a cruell 
 
 tempfcft 
 
of Capteine Frobijher. 27 
 
 tempeft, chancing in the night, I 
 
 amongft and in the thickeft of } 
 
 the yce, which was fo monftru- f 
 
 ous, that euen the lead of a thou- \ 
 
 fand had bjene of force fufficient, * 
 
 to haue fhiuered oure fhippe and 
 
 barkes into fmall portions, if God 
 (who in all neceffities, hath care 
 vpon the infirmitie of man) had 
 not prouided for this our extrem- 
 itie a fufficient remedie, through 
 the light of the night, whereby 
 we might well difcerne to flee 
 from fuch imminent daungers, 
 whiche we auoyded with 14! 
 Bourdes in one watch the fpace 
 of4. houres. If we had not in- 
 curred this danger amongft thefe 
 monftrous Iflandes of yce, we 
 
 fliould haue loft our General! and 
 Maifter, and the moft of our beft 
 failers, which were on the ftioare 
 deftitute of vidbualls : but by the 
 valure of our Maifter Gunner, 
 
 being 
 
28 T^he laji voyage 
 
 Richard being expert both in Nauigation 
 Ma^er ^"^ ^'^^^ 8°°^ qualities, we were 
 Gunner, all Content to incur e the dangers 
 afore rehearfed, be ore we would, 
 with oure owne fafetie, runne 
 into the Seas, to the deftrudion 
 of oure faid Generall and his 
 companie. 
 
 The day following, being the 
 19. of lulie, oure Capteine re- 
 turned to the fhippe, with good 
 newes of great riches, which 
 (hewed it felfe in the bowelles of 
 thofe barren mounteines, where- 
 with we were all fatiffied. A 
 fouden mutation. The one parte 
 of vs being almoft fwallowed vp 
 the night before, w' cruell Nep- 
 tunes force, and the reft on (hoare, 
 taking thought for their greedie 
 paunches, how to find the way to 
 New Newfound land: at one moment 
 found land ^^ yfQYQ all rapt with ioye, for- 
 getting, both where we were, 
 
 and 
 
of Capteine Frobijher. 29 
 
 and what we had fufFred. Be- 
 hold the glorie of man, to night 
 contemning riches, and rather 
 
 looking for death than otherwife : 
 and to morrowe deuifing howe 
 to fatiffie his greedie appetite 
 with Golde. ^ 
 
 Within foure days after we had 
 ben at the entraunce of the 
 Streightes, the Northweft and 
 Weft windes difperfed the yce 
 into the Sea, and made vs a large 
 entrance into the Streights, that 
 without any impediment, on the 
 19. of lulie, we entred them, and 
 the 20. therof oure Generall and 
 Maifter, with great diligence, 
 fought out and founded the Weft 
 ftioare, and found out a fayre 
 Harborough for the fliip and 
 barkes to ride in, and named it 
 after our Maifters mate, lackmans lackmans 
 found, and brought the ftiip,^°""'^- 
 barkes, and all their companie to 
 
 fafe 
 
|0 The laji voyage 
 
 fafe anchor, except one man, 
 whiche dyed by Gods vifitation. 
 Who fo maketh Nauigations 
 to thefe contries, hath not only 
 Ycc neede extreme winds, and furious Seas, 
 regarded ^^ encounter withall, but alfo 
 of feafar- many monftrous and great Iflandes 
 ing men. q£ ^^^ . ^ thing both rare, won- 
 derfull, and greatly to be re- 
 garded. 
 
 We were forced, fundrie times, 
 
 while the (hip did ride here at 
 
 Great anchor, to haue continuall watch, 
 
 S'^m^n with boates and men readie with 
 
 wun men .j- — , ^ , ^ 
 
 and boates Halfers, to knit faft vnto fuch 
 forycein-yce, which with the ebbe and 
 ing"hr floud were tofled to and fro in 
 fliip at the Harboroughe, and with force 
 anchor. q£ ^^^^^ ^^ ^^^ x\i^m away, for 
 
 indaungering the fhip. 
 
 Our Generall, certeine dayes 
 fearched this fuppofed continent 
 with America^ and not finding 
 the commoditie to aunfwere his 
 
 expec- 
 
of Capteine Frobijher. 31 
 
 expedlation, after he had made 
 tryall thereof, he departed thence 
 with two little barkes, and men 
 fufficient, to the Eaft flioare, being 
 the fuppofed continent of Afia, 
 & left the (hip with moft of the 
 Gentlemen, Souldiers, and Say- 
 lers, vntill fuch time as he, eyther 
 thought good to fend, or come 
 for them. 
 
 The ftones of this fuppofed Stones giif- 
 continent with America, be alto-r" "^1?" 
 gether fparkled, and glifter in theifkeGolde 
 Sunne like Gold : fo likewife doth 
 the fande in the bright water, yet 
 they verifie the olde Prouerbe • "^ *^°'"- 
 All is not golde that glijiereth. ' "^^^T"" 
 
 On this Weft (hoare we found 
 a dead fi(he floating, whiche had 
 in his nofe a horne ftreight & 
 torquet, of lengthe two yardes 
 lacking two ynches, being broken 
 in the top, where we might per- 
 ceiue it hollowe, irtto which fome 
 5 of 
 
32 ' The laji voyage 
 
 of our Saylers putting Spiders, 
 they prefently dyed. I fawe not 
 the tryall hereof, but it was re- 
 ported vnto me of a trueth : by 
 J!^e Sea the vertue whereof, we fuppofed 
 "'*^°'^"^* it to be the fea Vnicorne. 
 
 After our Generall had founde 
 H out good harborough for the Ship 
 
 and Barkes to anchor in :• and 
 alfo fuche ftore of Golde oare as 
 he thought him felfe fatiflied 
 withall, he fent backe oure Mai- 
 fter with one of the Barkes, to 
 condudle the great Ship vnto him, 
 who coafting along the Weft 
 (hoare, perceiued a faire har- 
 borough, and willing to found the 
 fame, at the enterance thereof 
 they efpyed two tentes of Seale 
 fkinnes. 
 
 At the light of oure men, the 
 people fled into the mounteines : 
 neuerthelefle, our fayde Maifter 
 went to their tents, and left fome 
 
 of 
 
of Capteine Froifijher. -^^ 
 
 of our trifles, as Kniues, Bels, and 
 GlaiTes, and departed, not taking 
 any thing of theirs, excepte one 
 Dogge to our Shippe. 
 
 On the fame day, after conful- 
 tation had, we determined to fee, 
 if by fayre meanes we could 
 eyther allure them to familiaritie, 
 or otherwife take fome of them, 
 and fo atteine to fome knowlege 
 of thofe men, whome our Gen- 
 erall loft the yeare before. 
 
 At our comming backe againe, ^ craftie 
 to the place where their tentes ^^^P^*"' 
 were before, they had remoued 
 their tentes further into the faid 
 Bay or Sound, where they might, 
 if they were driuen from the land, 
 flee with their boates into the fea. 
 Wee parting our felues into two 
 companies, and compafling a 
 mounteine, came foudeinly vppon 
 them by land, who efpying vs, 
 without any tarying fled to their 
 
 boates. 
 
34 ^he laji voyage 
 
 boates, leauing the moft part of 
 their oares behind them for haft, 
 and rowed downe the Bay, where 
 oure two Pinifles met them, & 
 droue them to fhoare: but, if 
 they had had all their oares, fo 
 fwift are they in rowing, it had 
 bene loft time to haue chafed 
 jl them. 
 
 iSrwlt"f When they were landed, they 
 
 a fc'Jy, ° fiercely aflaulted oure men witn 
 
 their bowes and arrowes, who 
 
 wounded three of them with our 
 
 • arrowes : and perceyuing them 
 
 Defpcrate felues thus hurt, they defperately 
 
 P*=°P^*=- leapt off" the Rocks into the Sea, 
 
 If and drowned them felues : which 
 
 if they had not done, but had 
 fubmitted them felues: or if by 
 any meanes we could haue taken 
 them aliue, (being their enimies 
 as they iudged) we would both 
 haue faued them, and alfo haue 
 fought remedie to cure their 
 
 woundes 
 
of Capteine Frobijher, x^ 
 
 woundes receiued at our handes. 
 But they, altogether voyde of'gnofaunt 
 humanitie, and ignorant what ^J'^^";^'- 
 mercy meaneth, in extremities cth. 
 looke for no other then death : 
 and perceiuing they (hould fall 
 into our hands, thus miferably by 
 drowning rather defired death, 
 then otherwife to be faued by vs : 
 the reft, perceiuing their fellowes 
 in this diftrefle, fled into the highe 
 mounteines. Two women, not Two wo- 
 being fo apt to efcape as the men ^^^ ^^^^^ 
 were, the one for her age, andcJudc 
 the other being incombred with 
 a yong childe, we tooke. TheAnolde 
 olde wretch, whome diuers of^°'"''" * 
 oure Saylers fuppofed to be eytherDrudi*or 
 a Diuell, or a Witche, plucked Witch, 
 oflf her bufkins, to fee, if ihe were 
 clouen footed, and for her ougly 
 hewe and deformitie, we let her 
 goe : the young woman and the 
 childe, we brought away. We 
 
 named 
 
3^ The laji voyage • 
 
 named the place where they were 
 Pdnf ' ^^y^^y Bloudie point : and the Bay 
 Yorks' or Harborough, TorJ^es found, 
 found. after the name of one of the Cap- 
 
 teines of the two Barkes. 
 
 Hauing this knowledge, both 
 
 of their fierceneffe and crueltie, 
 Faire and perceiuing that fayre meanes, 
 
 JToTabie ^^ y^^» !^"^' ^^^e ^o allure them 
 to allure to familiartie, we difpofed our 
 them to felues, contrarie to our inclina- 
 ^ami lari- ^j^^^ fomething to be cruel, re- 
 turned to their tentes, and made 
 a fpoyle of the i^. ne. Their 
 riches are neyther G;,. ' Siluer, 
 or precious Draperie, bui heir 
 Boates of fayde tentes and boates, made of 
 skinnes. t^g fl^innes of red Deare and 
 Seale fkinnes : alfo, Dogges like 
 vnto Woolues, but for the moft 
 part black, with other trifles, 
 more to be wondred a: for their 
 ftrangenefle, then for any other 
 commoditie needeful for our vfe. 
 
 Thus 
 
coun- 
 
 ofCapteine Frobijher. 37 
 
 Thus returning to our Ship 0"^^ 
 
 the 3. of Auguft, we departed fY^m^he* 
 from the Weft ftioare, fuppofedWeii 
 firme with America, after we had '^°"'^' 
 anchored there 1 3. dayes : and 
 fo, the 4. thereof, we came to 
 our Generall on the Eaft fhoare, 
 and anchored in a fayre Harbor- 
 ough named Anne Warrwickes r^,^^ 
 found, vnto whiche is annexed teffe of 
 an Iflande both named after the Warwicke 
 Countefle of Warrwicke, Annei^^ 
 Warrwickes found and IJle. 
 
 In this Ifle, our Generall Oure 
 thought good, for this voyage, to J^^'jJ^^^^'j^''" 
 frayght both the Ship and Barkes, thecharges 
 with fuche Stone or Gold min- o^ the firii 
 
 11 i_ • J J ^ ^ •! andfecond 
 
 erall, as he ludged to counteruailCyo ^gg^ 
 the charges of his firft, and this with fuffi- 
 his fecond Nauigation to thefe *^'*^"' "*" 
 
 o ^ terell to 
 
 contries, w° fufficient intereft to the ven- 
 y° venturers, wherby they might '"rers. 
 bothe be fatiffied for this time, 
 and alfo in time to come, (if it 
 
 pleafe 
 
^§ The lafi voyage 
 
 Riches pleafe God and our Prince,) to 
 ceafed pre- ®^P*^<^ a much more large bene- 
 fentiy dif- fite, out of the bowells of thofe 
 coueredby Septentrionall Paralels, which 
 
 capteine r . i i • r i/- 
 
 Frobifher. long time hath concealed it lelr, 
 
 til at this prefent, through the 
 
 wonderfull diligence, & great 
 
 danger of our Generall and others, 
 
 God is contented with the reueal- 
 
 ing thereof. It rifeth fo abound- 
 
 antly, that from the beginning of 
 
 Auguft, to the 22. thereof, (euery 
 
 By Cap. man following the diligence of 
 
 bTihersdU-^^'* General) we rayfed aboue 
 
 igence grounde 200. tunne, which we 
 
 other men jy^^g^ a redfonable fraieht for 
 
 mcouraged 1 ''rii • 1 r. 1 
 
 to labor, the Shippe and two Barkes, in 
 
 the fayde Anne Warrwicks IJle. 
 
 In the time of our abode here,,. 
 
 The coun- fome of the countrie people, came 
 
 JJ*/^g°^^to fhewe them felues vnto vs, 
 
 them fundrie times on y* maine Ihoare, 
 
 felues vnto neej.p ^diaccnt to the fayd Ifle. 
 
 Our Generall, defirous to haue 
 
 fome 
 
of Capteine Frobijher. 39 
 
 Ibme newes of his men, whomeThe care 
 he loft the yeare before, with q J j,^^^^ J"' 
 fome companie with him re-haTto' 
 payred with the Ship boat, to ^"""^ °f 
 common, or figne with them for ettT^re 
 tamiliaritie, wherevnto he is per- loft. 
 fuaded to bring them. They, at 
 the firft (hewe, made tokens, that 
 three of his fiue men were aliue, 
 and delired penne, ynck, andSignes for 
 paper, and that within three or?^""^' 
 foure dayes, they would returne,pa"per;'"'^ 
 and (as we iudged) bring thofe of 
 - our men, whiche were liuing, 
 with them. 
 
 They alfo made fignes or to- 
 kens of their King, whom they 
 called Cacough, and how he was Cacough 
 carried on mens fiouMers, and a'''^''"^'"^ 
 man farre furmounting any of 
 our companie, in bignefTc and 
 ftaturc. 
 
 With thefe tokens and fignes 
 i o^ writing, penne, yncke, Ind 
 
 6 paper 
 
p The loft voyage 
 
 paper was deliuered them, which 
 they woulde not take at our 
 handes : but being layde vpon the 
 (hoare, and the partie gone away, 
 they tooke vp : which like wife 
 they doe, when they defire any 
 Their thing for chaunge of theirs, lay- 
 ^^1"'" ing for that which is left, fo 
 
 traffique *"6 *" , ... ., 
 
 or ex- much as they thmk wil couter- 
 change. yj^jjg ^\^q fame, and not comming 
 neare together. It feemeth they 
 haue bene vfed to this trade or 
 traffique, with fome other people 
 adioyning, or not farre diftant 
 from their Countrie. 
 
 After 4. dayes, fome of them 
 JeZwe fhewed themfelues vpon the firme 
 themfeiucsland, but not where they were 
 againe on ^ f^re. Our General, very glad 
 
 firme land. . _ _ - , '' c 
 
 thereof, fuppoung to heare ot our 
 men, went from the Iflande, with 
 the boate, and fufficient com- 
 panie with him. They feemed 
 very glad, and allured him, about 
 
 a cer- 
 
ofCapteine Frobijher. ^ 
 
 a certeine point of the land : be- Their 
 hind which they might perceiue,^;^::;^^'. 
 a companie of the craftie villains of vs. * 
 to lye lurking, whome our Gen- 
 erall woulde not deale wichall, 
 for that he knewe not what com- 
 panie they were, and fo with 
 fewe fignes difmifled them, and 
 returned to his companie. 
 
 An other time, as our faid Gen- The peo- 
 erall was* coafting the contrie P^^ '^T^ 
 with two litle PinilTes, whereby tt'lild" 
 at oure returne hee might make"'"^- 
 the better relation thereof, three 
 of the craftie villains, with a white 
 fkin allured vs to them. Once 
 againe, our Generall, for y*^ he 
 hoped to heare of his men, went 
 to wardes them : at oure com- 
 ming neere the fhoare, wheron 
 they were, we might perceiue a 
 number of them lie hidden be- A number 
 hinde great ftones, & thofe three jfdlfer 
 in fight labouring by all meanesbihind 
 
 poffi- 
 
I 
 
 IP The laji voyage 
 
 ftones to poflible, that fome woulde come 
 
 Dciray vs. i j o • 
 
 on land : & perceyuing wee made 
 no haft by words nor friendly 
 Their fignes, which they vfed by clap- 
 firfte ping of ■t):'r- ^andes, and beeing 
 aTre'v^ without Wv. a, and but three 
 to fhoare. in fighte, they fought further 
 meanes to prouoke vs there vnto. 
 Their fe- One alone layd flefli on the fhoare, 
 conde whiche we tookc vpp with the 
 
 meanes. d ^ i , ^"^ . . 
 
 ijoate hooke, as neceflarie vidt- 
 
 ualls for the reUeuing of the man, 
 
 woman, & child, whom we had 
 
 taken : for y' as yet, they could 
 
 not digeft oure meate : whereby 
 
 they perceiued themfelues de- 
 
 ceiued of their expeftation, for 
 
 all their craftie allurements. Yet 
 
 Their once againe, to make (as it were) 
 
 thirdeanda full (hewc of their craftie na- 
 
 aTu'Jimentf"^^^* ^"^ fubtile fleightes, to the 
 
 intent thereby to haue intrapped 
 
 and taken fome of our men, one 
 
 of them counterfeyted himfelfe 
 
 impo- 
 
of Capteine Frohijher. 43 
 
 impotent and lame of his legges, 
 who feemed to defcend to the 
 water fide, with great difficultie : 
 and to couer his crafte the more, 
 one of his fellowes came downe 
 with him, and in fuch places, 
 where he feemed vnable to pafle, 
 hee tooke him on his (houlders, 
 fet him by the water fide, and 
 departed from him, leaning him A craftie 
 (as it (hould feeme) all alone, Xnf" 
 who playing his counterfeite pa- 
 geant very well, thought thereby 
 to prouoke fome of vs to come 
 on flioare, not fearing, but that 
 any one of vs might make oure 
 partie good with a lame man. 
 
 Our Generall, hauing compaf- 
 fion of his impotencie, thought Compaf. 
 good (if it were poffible) to cure '*'^" ^° 
 him therof : wherfore, hee caufed craftie 
 a fouldiour to (hoote at him with lame man. 
 his Caleeuer, which grafed before 
 his face. The counterfeite vil- 
 
 leine 
 
 ■M 
 
44 *^^^ l^ft voyage 
 
 leine deliuerly fled, without any 
 impediment r^t all, and gott him 
 CO his bowe and arrowes, and the 
 reft from their lurking holes, 
 with their weapons, bowes, ar- 
 rowes, flings, and dartes. Our 
 Generall caufed fome Caleeuers 
 to be (hot off at them, whereby 
 Some hurt fome being hurt, they miehte 
 
 with our , r. S J • ^ R 
 
 fhot. hereafter Hand in more feare 
 
 of vs. 
 
 This was all the aunfwere, for 
 
 this time, wee could haue of our 
 By thefe men, or of our Generalls letter. 
 
 'r?ct! the '^^^i'" craftiw dealing, at thefe 
 reft of three feuerall times, being thus 
 their life manifeft vnto vs, maye plainelv 
 
 IS eafy to /i ^, . -it r • • i "^ 
 
 be iudged. incwe, their difpolition in other 
 thinges to be correfpondent. We 
 iudged, that they vfed thefe fl:rat- 
 agemmes, thereby to haue caught 
 fome of vs, for the deliuering of 
 the man, woman, & child whome 
 we haue taken. 
 
 They 
 
 Llii 
 
of Capteine Frobijher, 4P 
 
 They are men of a large cor- Their 
 porature, and good proportion : [J,'*^',^;''^^ ""'^ 
 their colour is not much vnlike ^ "^ 
 the Sunne burnte Countrie man, 
 who laboureth daily in the Sunnc 
 for his liuing. 
 
 They weare their haire fome- Their ap- 
 thinge long, and cut before, either?"^' '^^ 
 with ftone or knife, very difor-::l,r 
 derly. Their women weare their men- 
 haire long, and knit vp with two 
 loupes, fhewing forth on either 
 fide of their faces, and the reft 
 foltred vp on a knot. Alfo, fome 
 of their women race their faces 
 proportionally, as chinne, cheekes 
 and forehead, and the wriftes of 
 their handes, wherevpon they lay 
 a colur, which continueth darke 
 azurine. 
 
 They eate their meate all rawe, "^^^^ 
 both fleflie, fifhe, and foule, or diinke.and 
 fomething perboyled with bloud °^^^'" "«- 
 & a little water, whiche they"^*""' 
 
 drinke. 
 
 # 
 

 Hi' 
 
 I 
 
 I 
 
 46 The iaji voyage 
 
 drinke. For lacke of water, they 
 wil eate yce, that is hard frofen, 
 as pleafantly as we will doe Sugar 
 Candie, or other Sugar. 
 
 .leTrS' ^f "^^y- f°^ "/"ffities fake, 
 whiche itand in neede of the premifes, 
 proweth fuch grafle as the countrie yeeld- 
 count'rie. ^^^ ^^^Y P^^cke vppe, and eate, 
 not deintily, or falletwife, to al- 
 lure their ftomaches i^. appetite : 
 but for neceffities fake, without 
 either fait, oyles, or wafhing, like 
 brutifh hearts deuoure the fame. 
 Barbarous They neither vfe table, ftoole or 
 behauiour table cloth for comelineffe : but 
 when they are imbrued with 
 bloud, knuckle deepe, and their 
 kniues in like fort, they vfe their 
 tongues as apt inftruments to 
 licke them cleane : in doeing 
 whereof, they are affured to loofe 
 none of their viduals. 
 
 Hk?fo' J ^^^y ^'^''''^ °^ ^^eP certeine 
 woiues, ^oggs» not much vnlike Wolues, 
 
 whiche 
 
ofCapteine Frobijher. 47 
 
 whiche they yoke together, as 
 we do oxen and horfes, to a fled 
 or traile : and fo carrie their ne- 
 ceflaries ouer the yce and fnowe, 
 from place to place : as the cap- 
 tiue, whom we haue, made per- 
 fede fignes. And when thofe 
 Dogges are not apt for the fame They cate 
 vfe: or when with hunger they ^^gf" 
 are conftreyned, for lacke of other 
 viduals, they eate them : fo that 
 they are as needefull for them, in 
 refpea of their bignefTe, as our 
 oxen are for vs. 
 
 They apparell themfelues in 
 the flcinnes of fuch beaftes as they Sinewes of 
 lall, fewed together with the^^fts 
 fmewes of them. All the fowl ^ [^'"J ''''"!- 
 which they kill, theyflcin, andlhrear° 
 make thereof one kinde of gar- 
 ment or other, to defend them 
 from the cold. 
 
 They make their apparell with „ , " 
 hoods and tailes, which tailes S?es ^o "^ 
 7 they 
 
48 The lajl voyage 
 
 the appa- they giue, when they thinke to 
 
 gratifie any friend(hippe fhewed 
 
 vnto them : a great figne of 
 
 friendftiippe with them. The 
 
 men haue them not fo fyde as 
 
 the women. 
 
 Tjjgif The men and women weare 
 
 hofe and their hofe clofe to their legges, 
 
 how they from the waft to the knee, with- 
 
 areworne. , ^ ■%■% % 
 
 out any open before, as well the 
 one kinde as the other. Vppon 
 their legges, they weare hofe of 
 lether, with the furre fide inward, 
 two or three paire on at once, 
 and efpecially the women. In 
 thofe hofe, they put their kniues, 
 needles, and other thinges neede- 
 Their gar- fuH to beare about. They put a 
 tering. bone within their hofe, whiche 
 reacheth from the foote to the 
 knee, wherevpon they drawe their 
 faid hofe, and fo in place of gar- 
 ters, they are holden from falling 
 downe about their feete. 
 
 They 
 
of Capteine Frobijher. 49 
 
 They drefTe their fkinnes very 
 fofte and fouple with the haire 
 on. In cold weather or Winter, 
 they weare y" furre fide inward : 
 and in Summer outward. Other 
 apparell they haue none, but the 
 faid fkinnes. 
 
 Thofe beaftes, fle(h, fifhes, and Their 
 fowles, which they kil, they are^f^^f^^ 
 both meate, drinke, apparel, 
 houfes, bedding, hofe, ihooes, 
 thred, faile for their boates, with 
 many other neceflaries, whereof 
 they ftande in neede, and almoft 
 all their riches. 
 
 Their houfes are tentes, made Their 
 of Seale Ikinns, pitched with foure ''°"^" °^ 
 Firre quarters, foure fquare, meet- lefand'"' 
 ing at the toppe, and the Ikinnes Firre. 
 fewed together with finowes, and 
 layd therevppon : fo pitched they 
 are, that the entraunce into ^^em, 
 is alwayes South, or agaiii'l the 
 Sunne. 
 
 They 
 
i i 
 
 iim: 
 
 50 TAe laji voyage 
 
 They haue other fortes of 
 houfes, whif:he wee found, not 
 to be inhabited, which are raifed 
 with ftones and Whal bones, and 
 a ikinne iayd ouer them, to with- 
 Itand the raine, or other weather : 
 the entraunce of them being not 
 much viiHke an Duens mouth, 
 whereto, I thincke, they refort 
 for a time, to fiflie, hunt, and 
 fowle, and fo leaue them for the 
 next time they come thether 
 againe. . . 
 
 Their Their weapons are Bowes, Ar- 
 
 of"efence Towes, Dartes, and Slinges. Their 
 Bowes are of a yard long of wood, 
 finewed on the back with ftrong 
 veines, not glued too, but faft 
 girded and tyed on. Their Bowe 
 ftringes are likewife finewes. 
 Their arrowes are three peeces, 
 nocked with bone, and ended 
 with bone, with thofe two ends, 
 and the wood in the middft, they 
 
 pafle 
 
of Capteine Frobijher. 51 
 
 pafle not in lengthe halfe a yard 
 or little more. They are fath- 
 ered with two fethers, the penne 
 end being cutte away, and the 
 fethers layd vppon the arrowe 
 with the broad fide to the woode : 
 in fomuch that tfiey feeme, when 
 they are tyed on, to haue foure 
 fethers. They haue likewife three Three 
 fortes of heades to thofe arrowes : h°eades°to 
 one fort of ftone or yron, propor- their"r-° 
 tioned like to a heart : the fee- '■°"''^''- 
 ond fort of bone, much like vnto 
 a ftopte head, with a hooke on 
 the fame: the thirde fort of bone 
 likewife, made (harpe at both 
 fides, and fliarpe pointed. They 
 are not made very faft, but lightly 
 tyed to, or elfe fet in a nocke, 
 that vppon fmall occafion, the 
 arrowe leaueth thefe heades be- 
 hinde them: and they are of 
 fmall force, except they be very 
 neere, when they fhoote. 
 

 52 
 
 Two 
 fortes of 
 Dartes. 
 
 'I iji : 
 III I 
 
 Two 
 fortes of 
 Boates 
 made of 
 Leather. 
 
 II 
 
 J ,' 
 
 T/)e laji voyage 
 
 Their Darts are made of two 
 forts : the one with many forkes 
 of bones in the fore ende, and 
 likewife in the middeft: their 
 proportions are not muche vnHke 
 our toafting yrons, but longer : 
 thefe they caft %ut of an inftru- 
 ment of wood, very readily. The 
 other forte is greater then the 
 lirft aforefayde, with a long bone 
 made fharp on both fides, not 
 much vnlike a Rapier, which I 
 take to be their moft hurtfull 
 weapon. 
 
 They haue two forts of boates, 
 made of Lether, fet out on the 
 inner fide with quarters of wood, 
 artificially tyed together with 
 thongs of the fame : the greater 
 fort are not much vnlike our 
 Wherries, wherein fix^eene or 
 twentie men may fitte : they haue 
 for a fayle, drefl the guttes of 
 fuch beafles as they kyll, very 
 
 fine 
 
of Capteine Frohijher. 5 3 
 
 fine and thinne, which fhey fewe 
 together : the other boate is but 
 for one man to fitte anu rowe in, 
 with one oare. 
 
 Their order of fifhing, hunt- They vfc 
 ing, and fowling, are with thefe fi^/T^*^' 
 fayde weapons : but in what fort, hunt. 
 or how they vfe them, we haue 
 no perfeft knowledge as yet. 
 
 I can not fuppofe their abode it i,, to be 
 or habitation to be here, for that ^poi'ed 
 neither their houfes, or apparelL [Ij' J.*!?'' 
 
 -,»« ^c r ■% r r r "> innabitinE 
 
 are of no fuch force to withftand is eife- 
 the extremitie of colde, that the""^"^- 
 countrie feemeth to be infeded 
 with all: neyther doe I fee any 
 figne likely to perfbrme the fame. 
 Thofe houfes, or rather dennes, 
 which ftand there, haue no figne 
 of foot- way, or any thing elfe 
 troden.. whiche is one of the 
 chiefeft tokens of 1 .bitation. 
 And thofe tents, whic- they bring 
 with them, when thty haue fu^ 
 
 ficiently 
 
P I ! 
 
 J 
 
 54 T6e lajl voyage 
 
 i: 
 
 III 
 
 Their ficientlv huntcd and fiflied, they 
 
 tentes re- ' ^ i , ', 
 
 moueable remouc to Other places: and 
 from place whcn they haue fufficiently ftored 
 to place, ^jjejjj Qf fy^,jjg visuals, as the 
 
 I countrie yeldeth, or bringeth 
 
 foorth, they returne to their Win- 
 ter flations or habitations. This 
 coniedture do I make, for the in- 
 fertilitie, whiche I perceiue to be 
 in that countrie. 
 Their vfe They haue fome yron, where- 
 o yron. ^( ^^^ make arrowe heades, 
 kniues, and other little inflru- 
 mentes, to woorke their boates, 
 bowes, arrowes, and dartes withal, 
 whiche are very vnapt to doe any 
 thing withall, but with great la- 
 bour. 
 
 It feemeth, that they haue con- 
 uerfation with fome other people, 
 of whome, for exchaunge, they 
 fhould receiue the fame. They 
 Wherin ^re greatly delighted with any 
 light. thinge that is brighte, or giueth 
 a found. What 
 
ofCapteine Frobijher. ^^ 
 
 What knowledge they haue of 
 God, or what Idol they adore, wee 
 haue no perfed: intelligence. I 
 thincke them rather Anthropo-^^^^^o^o. 
 phagi, or deuourers of mans fleflie, P**"*^'- 
 then otherwife : for that there is 
 
 r/^^/'//^,^' ^^^^^ theyAfiithie 
 nnde dead, (fmell it neuer fo fil- feeding. 
 
 thily) but they will eate it, as 
 they finde it, without any other ;^ ^"'r**" 
 dreffing. A loathfome fpedtacle, [X'^^^- 
 either to the beholders, or hearers. 
 There is no maner of creeping 
 beaft hurtful, except fome Spi- 
 ders (which, as mai.y affirme,areSignes of 
 lignes of great ftore of Golde :)8o^d aure. 
 and alfo certeine flinging Gnattes, 
 which bite fo fiercely, that the 
 place where they bite, fhortlySe"? 
 after fwelleth, and itcheth very 
 fore. ^ 
 
 They make fignes of certeine Signes of 
 people, :hat weare bright plates of ^".''^ ^''"" 
 Gold in their forheads, and other ^le"'" 
 places of their bodies. The 
 
56 "T^be laji voyage 
 
 Defcrip- The Countries, on both fides 
 
 irri*°'h5 ftf^ghtes, lye very highe 
 with roughe ftonie mounteynes, 
 and great quantitie of fnowe 
 No graffe, thereon. There is very little 
 like mofle. p]aine ground, and no grafle, ex- 
 cept a litle, whiche is much like 
 vnto mofle that groweth on foft 
 ground, fuch as we gett Turfes 
 Countrie in. There is no wood at all. To 
 eth*n"h'^^® briefe, there is nothing fitte, 
 ing with or profitable for y° vfe of man, 
 roote, fitt which that Countrie with roote 
 o7mtn/'''yeeldeth, or bringeth forth: 
 Howbeit, there is great quantitie 
 Deere of Deere, whofe fkinnes are lik- 
 with ftin- y^jQ Afles, their heads or homes 
 
 IJi Afles. doe farre exceed, as wel in length 
 
 as alfo in breadth, any in thefe 
 oure partes 01 Countrie : their 
 feete likewife, are as great as 
 oure oxens, whiche we meafured 
 to be feuen or eight ynches in 
 breadth. There are alfo Hares, 
 
 Wolues, 
 
ofCapteine Frobijher. ^y 
 
 Wolues, fifliing Beares, and Sea Hares, 
 foule of fundrie fortes. fifh°'""' * 
 
 As the Countrie is barren and bearel 
 vnfertile, fo are they rude and of 
 no capacitie to culture the fame, 
 to any perfection : but are con- 
 tented by their hunting, fiflijng, 
 and fowling, with rawe flefh and 
 warme bloud, to fatiffie their 
 greedie panches, whiche is their 
 onely glorie. 
 
 There is great likelyhood of A figne of 
 Earthquakes, or thunder : for that ""*"- 
 huge and monftruous mounteynes?hunder°'' 
 whofe greateft fubftaunce are 
 ftones, and thofe ftones fo (haken 
 with Ibme extraordinarie meanes, 
 that one is feparated from an- 
 other, whiche is difcordant from 
 all other Quarries. 
 
 There are no riuers or running No riuers. 
 iprmges, but fuch, as through thebutfuchas 
 
 heate of the Sunne, with fuch ^''*' ^"""^ 
 
 water as defcendeth from thewufe to 
 
 moun- 
 
58 T^he iaji voyage 
 
 fiXV^ mounteines and hills, whereon 
 
 great driftes of fnowe doe lie, are 
 
 ingendred. 
 
 Aproba- It argueth alfo, that there 
 
 biiitie, fliould be none : for that the 
 
 Jhoiid be' ^^^^^' w^^^ ^^^^ '^^ extremitie 
 no other of the Winter, is fo frofen within, 
 fpringor that that water, whiche fhould 
 
 lllHIll i riuers 1 r - ^ • t r 
 
 in tijg haue recourle within the lame, to 
 
 ground, mainteine Springes, hath not his 
 
 motion, whereof great waters 
 
 Sfe'^rTgi. ¥"® ^^^^^ originall, as by expe- 
 
 nai of rience is feene otherwhere. Such 
 
 great valleies, as are capable to receiue 
 
 the water, that in the Summer 
 
 11 i 
 
 IS 
 
 • time, by the operation of the 
 
 III; Sunne, defcendeth from great 
 
 abundance of fnow, whiche con- 
 tinually lyeth on the mounteines, 
 and hath no paflage, linketh into 
 the earth, and fo vaniftieth awaye, 
 without any runnell aboue the 
 earth, by which occafion, or con- 
 tinual ftanding of the faid water, 
 
 the 
 
 :i;' 111 
 
 ,i„| 
 
 I 
 
of Capteine Frobijher. 59 
 
 the earth is opened, and the great The ftones 
 troft yeldeth to the force thereof ^'"^^V^ . 
 whiche in other places, foure o;^^;^ 
 hue fathoms within the ground ^- ^"J*- 
 for lacke of the faid moyfture,' °'"'- 
 (the earth, euen in the very Sum- 
 mer time,) is frofen, and fo com- 
 bmeth the ftones together, that 
 icarcely inftruments, with great 
 rorce, can vnknitte them. 
 
 Alfo, where the water in thofe 
 valhes can haue no fuch pafTaee 
 away, by the continuaunce of 
 time, m fuch order as is before 
 rehearfed, the yearely defcent 
 
 trom the mounteines, filleth them 
 tul, that at the loweft banck of ^ 
 the fame, they fall into the next 
 vaihe, and fo continue, as fifhin^ 
 Pondes or Stagnes in the Sum-ru k 
 mer time full of water, and 'J^^Z 
 the Wmter hard frofen: as bv"'''^°'"- 
 flcarres that remaine thereof in ^11; 
 bummer, may en fily be perceiued : Winter. 
 
 fo that 
 
I 
 
 1 1! 11 
 
 m 
 
 60 TAe laji voyage 
 
 fo that, the heate of Summer, is 
 nothing comparable, or of force, 
 to diflblue the extremitieof colde, 
 that commeth in Winter. 
 Springes Neuerthelefle, I am aflured 
 
 Wo?' '^^' .^^^owe t^e force of the froft, 
 the froft within the earth, the waters haue 
 whhintherecourfe, and emptie themfelues 
 
 out of fighte into the fea, which 
 The earth '^^ough the extremitie of the 
 by occa- froft, are conftreyned to doe the 
 fionof froft fame, by which occafion, the 
 warmer, ^arth within is kept the warmer, 
 
 and fpringes haue their recourfe, 
 no3 which is the lely nutriment of 
 gold.' ^°^^ ^"^^ Minerals within the 
 
 fame. 
 
 There is much to be faid of 
 the commodities of thefe Coun- 
 tries, which are couched within 
 the bowels of the earth, which I 
 let pafle till more perfeft triall be 
 made thereof. 
 
 Thus conieduring, till time, 
 
 with 
 
ofCapteine Frobijher. 6 1 
 
 with the earned induftrie of our An end of 
 Generall and others (who bv al J"""'^^"" 
 
 ,j:i:^ • v"*'" "/ **Mng time 
 
 diligence remaine preft to explore further 
 the truth of that which is vnex- ""."'^ *"'' 
 plored, as he hath to his euerlaft- '"'"• 
 ing praife found out that whiche 
 IS like to yeelde an innumerable 
 benefite to his Prince & coun- 
 trie:) offer further triall, I con- 
 clude. 
 
 k l^r U' ?^ A"g"ft» after weeshippes 
 nad latilhed our mindes with^«'sfied 
 frayght fufficient, for oure veirekr^*^ ^"'■" 
 though not our couetous defires, men"; 
 with fuch knowledge of the'"'"'^" 
 countrie people and oth^r com-tTmeT" 
 modities as are before rehearfed, 
 the 24. therof wee departed there Our de- 
 nence: the 17. of September we pa"u re 
 tell with y" lands end of England ^'°"' ^^"^"^ 
 and fo to Mi7ford >^^«.«, from' ""'""• 
 whence our General rode to the 
 Court, for order, to what port or 
 hauen to condudb the (hippe. 
 We loft our two Barkes in the 
 
 way 
 
62 The laft voyage 
 
 Howe,andy^ay homeward, the one, the 29. 
 
 l^«'o°;r"!of Auguft, the other, the ii. of 
 
 Barks, the fame moneth, by occaiion of 
 
 which great tempeft and fogee. How- 
 God neu- p . ^ r rL J °L 
 
 ertheieffe belt, God Fcltored the one to 
 reftored. Brt/iowe, and y** other making his 
 courfe by Scot/and to Yermouth. 
 In this voyage wee loft two men, 
 one in the waye by Gods vifita- 
 tion, and the other homewarde 
 caft ouer borde with a furge of 
 the fea. 
 
 The con- ^V Could declare vnto your Hon- 
 ciufion. J Q^j.^ ^j^g Latitude and Longi- 
 tude of fuch places and regions, 
 as wee haue beene at, but not al- 
 together fo perfedt as our maifters 
 and others, with many circum- 
 ftances of tempefts and other ac- 
 cidents incident to fea faring men, 
 which feeme not altogether 
 ftraunge, I let pafle to their re- 
 portes as men moft apte to fett 
 
 forth 
 
« 
 
 ofCapteine Frobijher. 63 
 
 forth and declare the fame. I 
 haue alfo left the names of the 
 countries on both the flioares vn- 
 touched, for lacke of vnderftand- 
 ing the Peoples language : as alfo 
 for fundrie refpeftes, not needfull 
 as yet to be declared. 
 
 Countries new explored, where 
 commoditie is to be loked for, 
 doe better accord with a new 
 name giuen by the explorers, then 
 an vncerteine name by a doubt- 
 full Authour. 
 
 Our Generall named fundrie 
 Iflands, Mounteines, Capes, and 
 Harboroughs after the names of 
 diuers Noble men, and other gen- 
 tlemen his friends, as wel on the 
 one (hoare, as alfo on the other : 
 not forgetting amongeft the refte 
 your Lordfhip : whiche hereafter 
 (when occafion ferueth) are to be 
 declared in his own Mapps 
 or Charts. 
 
 FINIS.