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RIDLEY, in St. James's Street» MDCCIXXV. i < 1 , '• " ! \ ' \ «,..■ . .\ \, ' J .1 THE S P E E C H O F Lord Lyttelton. MY LORDS, AT the Conclufion of this long and laborious Seffioa of Parliament, when the unhappy Divifions rubfifting between England ^n^ America feemed, by the joint Wifdom of both Houfes, to converge towards Conciliation, I am greatly furprifed that the Noble and Learned Lord ftiould come forth again to fcatter abroad the Seeds of Diffenfion, and, not content with that Refiftance to the Legidature, and to the Law of England, which prevails over all Britijh America, (hould now endeavour to involve the Canadians in the common Revolt ; cftablifhing as a leading Principle, by which your Lordfliips may be induced to repeal this Bill, That thofe for whofe Emolument it was made are the moft diffatisfied with it— that they groan under the Preffure, and confider it as a moft intolerable Grievance-PAiNTiNG their Dillike to it with the ftrongeft Colours of Rhetoric, and, by thefc groundkfs Infinua- ° tions. { 2 ) tions, wirtiing to deprive them of all thofe beneficial Advan- tages, they moft gratefully acknowledge to have received, by the equitable Syftem of Jurifprudencc obtained from the Pwi- liament of Eriglnnd. My Lords, however bright may be the Eloquence, and however dark the Purpofe, of that Noble and Leiu ncd Lord, I truft he will fail in his Attempt ; and, thuii :;h ilrong \^a% the Arm that diredted this Shaft again 11 the Vitals of the Conftitution, though the Point was envenomed, and though it was aimed at a mortal Part, I truft, my Lords, it will fall blunted to the Ground, without endangering the Safety o' rhe Commonwealth, oraffcding the true Intereft of the Kingdom. The Noble Lord has told your Lordiliips, that the Bill which pafTed laft Seflion for eftablifhing a Government in Ca^ naday was a Bill ** abhorrent to the Britifli Conjlitutioriy and " that it ought to be repealed by the unanimous Voice of this ** Houfe" 1 fliall firft put his Lordiliip in mind. That this Bill was not made for the Meridian of England'^ that it was framed for the conquered Subjeds of France^ confonant to the Faith of Treaties, and to the Stipulations agreed upon by the Conqueror, which was part of the folemn Paifl, between Great Britain and France, covenanted for, and ratified by, both Nations at the Conclulion of the War : And then, my Lords, I will go a Step further; I will meet the Noble Lord on his own Ground; and I will uphold to his Lordfliip, that the general Principles and Policy of this Canada Bill were founded in Wifdom— that the Principles of it, which his Lordfliip affirms to be repugnant to Chriftianity, emaned from the Gofpel, and are coeval with the Religion of our Saviour — that they breathe ( 3 ) breathe f^rth the Spirit of their Divine iVT.ider; for ilicy art neither Irinciplcs of Popery, or Servitude — they arc Principles, my Lords, of Toleration, unrellrained by Prejudice, and un- fettered by abfurd and odious Reilridions. The Inhabitants of Canada were Catholics before they were conquered by Eng- land -, they are Catholics now, but under the Jurifdidlion of a Proteftant Parliament, and under the Cognifance ofProteft- ant Bifliops, who form a Part of that Parlianaent, and who, I believe, were unanimous in allowing them the free Exercife of their Religion. — In regard to the Policy of the Bill, I can- not but think it to be indifputably excellent, becaufe it tends, by the Beneficence of its Afped, to remove thofe rooted Prejudices, which are carefully inftilled into the Minds of all the Subjeds of France, againft the Laws and the Conftitution of England, This Bill, my Lords, has more effedually opened their Eyes, than the Pcrufal of all our Statute Books j — it has given them, with the mild Code of our Criminal Law, a Share of thofe Bleflings which we, derive from Freedom ; — it has abo- liflied the Torture ; — it has raifed the People from the OpprefTioii and Tyranny under which they crawled, and has perpetuated in their Hearts that Dominion, which has fo recently been acquired by our Arms. But, fays the Noble Lord, (and here he feems to prefs on triumphantly his Arguments) You have, by this Bill, afFc■ * y.v.^ - c ■ ■ C'' ■ to ' * Earl of Chatham. K ( * ) to imitate ? Has his Lordfhip any Doubts concerning the Superiority of his Talents, or his^Judgement ? If he has, my Lords, let him look round, and fee whether that Noble Earl is to be found this Day ii the Houfe ! No, my Lords, he is not in the Houfe : He is too wife to tear up the Bandages, and fet thofc Wounds bleeding afrelh, which now feem to be Ikinned over, in order to gratify an idle Vanity, or to thwart the Opera- tions of thofe in whofe Hands the Power of the State is dele- gated. — But the learned Lord, in whom the Spirit of Oppolition ihines bright, has fummoned your Lordfhips to come down this Day, at the Clofe of the Seffions, to hear him harangue upon the Laws of Nations, and upon the various Degrees and Modifi- cations of Freedom : And, whilft his LordHiip is thundering forth Invedlives againft the Adminiftration ; whilft he is cavil- ling at all they have already done, and at all they intend to do ; while, in confequence of thcfe domeftic Jars, your Legions have been fent acrofs the Atlantic t to (hake their Banners in Fields of Peace, and to compel thofe infatuated Men to Obedience who would have been better and more effedtually bound by the Energy of Ads of Parliament ; the Enemy, the common Enemy, has prepared a Force fuperior to any you have to oppofe to her. — Spain, my Lords, Spaing panting for War, and eager for Revenge, Spain has at this Time a Force fufficient to pofTefs herfelf of G/'^r^/ifjr ; to take in, without a Blow, ^Jamaica, Bar- badoes, and all the I^eeward Iflands — a Force fufficient to rend Ireland from the Imperial Crown of thefe Kingdoms, and fuffi- cient, if fhe durft tempt the Adventure, to plant her Standard -upon Englifi Ground ; to invade even Great-Britain^ guarded as ilie is by the Ocean, and hitherto unaflailable by foreign Arms. ' My Lords, it is full Time to afk. To what Part of the World, and againft what Power, this mighty Armada is de- figned. ( 9 ) ligned. Hitherto the Minhlers have been Ulent upon this Subiedb : I dread more the Silence of Adminiftratlon than the loudcft Cry of Oppofition. Have they, my Lords, certain Intelligence that it is intended againft the Moors-, and that Seventeen Ships completely manned, and 28,000 Troops, ready to embark, are really deftined to conquer the Deferts of Morocco, and to wage War with the Lions and Tigers of .dfrica ? What then are their AlTurances of the true Purpofe which has induced Spain to congregate fuch a prodigious Force f Spanifi Allurances are certainly not to be relied on : For, is it probable, have you the fmalleft Room to hope, that the Houfe of Bour- bon, fmarting with the Ignominy, and fore with the Difgrace, which overwhelmed her Arms in the laft War—a War begun, as (lie affirms, by Ads of Piracy in Europe, and of Treachery and Depredation in America^\i^vc you the fmalleft Reafon to fuppofe, that fhe does not meditate Retaliation ; or that (he will wave her Refentment from Notions of Pundtilio, or from the Dread of breaking her Engagements ? My Lords, I do not truft to the Profeflions of Statefmen, when the Intereft of the State is concerned ; and I hope fome Lord, high in his Majefty's Service, will give this Houfe, and give the Public, certain Information concerning a Matter of fuch eventful Confequence to the Kingdom,— The Public, my Lords, require fuch Information j and your Lordfhips have a Right to demand it. My Lords, I have trefpafTcd very long upon your Lordfhips Time, and muft apologife for having prcfumed to deviate from the ftria Line of Order, by introducing Matter foreign from the Debate; buf, my Lords, as what I have mentioned deeply concerns ( 10 ) concerns the Iritereft of the State, on that Account I hope I fliall be excufed. — As to the Noble Lord's Propofition to repeal the " Aft for making more eftcdual Provifion for the Govern- '* ment of the Province oi ^ckc," I am firm in my Oppofition to it; I have told your Lordfliips my Reafons. I fliall only add, that to repeal it would be to revoke all you have been doing, all the Councils you have held, and all the Refolutions you have come to, for thefe ten Years part:, relative to the Settle- ment and Lcgiflature of that Country which is annexed to your Dominion, and was fubjugated by your Arms. /i^^Wfl8Sfi:> |] /i^Vi.' D^ i"ClLvii vi^kj:iii ^':r^i^M ?'t^/* ^ m ^ #. s