IMAGE EVALUATSON TEST TARGET (MT-3) Y ^ k:fo Y M:,^ .'■ .^ .^^ S- «t< y^ &.0 / €^ ►/^,^ 1.0 !l 1.25 || Z2 12.0 1.8 JA jlllli.6 - 6" P /a m 0-' ^p. (9^^^ /A PhotDgraphic Sciences Corporation 23 WEST MAIN STREET WEBSTER, N.Y. 14580 {7 Mi) 372-4303 CIHM/ICMH Microfiche Series. CIHM/ICMH Collection de microfiches. Canadian Institute for Historical Microreproductions / Institut canadien de microreproductions historiques Technical and Bibliographic Notes/Notes techniques et bibliographiques The Institute has attempted to obtain the bast original copy available for filming. Features of this copy which may be bibliographically unique, which may alter any of the images in the reproduction, or which may significantly change the usual method of filming, are checked below. L'Institut a microfilmi& le meilleur exemplaire qu'il lui a dt6 possible de se procurer. Les details de cet exemplaire qui sont p«ut-dtre uniques du point de vue bibliographique, qui peuvent modifier une image reproduite, ou qui peuvent exiger une modification dans la mithode normale de filmage sont indiquds ci-dessous. Coloured covers/ Couverture de couleur n Covers damaged/ Couverture endommagde □ Coloured pages/ Pages de couleur □ Pages damaged/ Pages endommagdes □ Covers restored and/or laminated/ Couverture restaur6e et/ou pellicuide n Cover title missing/ Le titre de couverture manque □ Pages restored and/or laminated/ Pages restaur^es et/ou pelliculdes I — ~}M>ages discoloured, stained or foxed/ 1 I Pages ddcolor^es, tachetdes ou piqudes □ Coloured maps/ Cartes gdographiques en couleur □ Coloured ink (i.e. other than blue or black)/ Encre de couleur (i.e. autre que bleue ou noire) □Pages detached/ Pages ddtach^es ["71 Showthrough/ I I Transparence □ Coloured plates and/or illustrations/ Planches et/ou illustrations en couleur □ Quality of print varies/ Quality indgale de I'impression D Bound with other material/ Relid avec d'eutres documents □ Includes supplementary material/ Comprend du materiel supplementaire D D Tight binding may cause shadows or distortion along interior margin/ La re liure serr6e peut causer de I'ombre ou de la distortion le long da la marge intdrieure Blank leaves added during restoration may appear within the text. Whenever possible, these have been omitted from filming/ II se psut que certaines pages blanches ajoutdes lors d'une restauration apparaissent dans la texts, mais, lorsque cela 6tait possible, ces pages n'ont pas 6t6 filmdes. D D Only edition available/ Seule Edition disponible Pages wholly or partially obscured by errata slips, tissues, etc., have been refilmed to ensure the best possible image/ Les pages totalement ou partiellement obscurcies par un feuillet d'errata, une pelure, etc., ont 6t^ film^es d nouveau de fapon d obtenir la meilleure image possible. n Additional comments:/ Commentaires suppl^mentaires: CREASED PAGES MAY FILM SLIGHTLY OUT OF FOCUS. This item is filmed at the reduction ratio checked below/ Ce document est filmd au taux de reduction indiquA ci-dessous. 18X 22X 10X 14X 26X 30X y 12X 16X 20X 24X 28X 32X The copy filmed here has been reproduced thanks to the generosity of: Metropolitan Toronto Library Canadian History Department L'exemplaire film* fut reproduit grAce A ia g6n6rosit6 de: Metropolitan Toronto Library Canadian History Department The images appearing here are the best quality possible considering th» condition and legibility of the original copy and in keeping with the filming contract specifications. Original copies in printed paper covers are filmed beginning with the front cover and ending on the last page with a printed or illustrated impres- sion, or the back cover when appropriate. Ail other original copies are filmed beginning on the first page with a printed or illustrated impres- sion, and ending on the last page with a printed or illustrated impression. The la»t recorded frame un each microfiche shall contain the symbol -^- (meaning "CON- TINUED"), or the symbol V (meaning "END"), whichever applies. Maps, plates, charts, etc., may be filmed at different reduction ratios. Those f ^ large to be entirely incliided in one exposure & filmed beginning in the upper left hand corner, left to right and top to bottom, as many frames as required. The following diagrams illustrate the method: Les images suivantes ont 6X6 reproduites avec le plus grand soin, compte tenu de la condition et de la netteti de I'exempiaire film*, et en conformity avec les conditions du contrat de filmage. Les exemplaires originaux dont la couverture en papier est imprim6e sont fiimis en commen9ant par le premier plat et en terminant soit par la dernidre page qui comporte une empreinte d'impression ou d'illustration. soit par le second plat, selon le cas. Tous las autres exemplaires originaux sont film6s en commenpant par la premiere page qui comporte une empreinto d'impression ou d'illustration et en terninant par la dernidre page qui comporte une telle empreinte. Un des symboles :»uivants apparattra sur la dernidre image de cheque microfiche, selon le cas: ie symbole -^ signifie "A SUIVRE", lo symbols V signifie "FIN". Les cartes, planci.es, tableaux, etc., peuvent five filmds A des taux de reduction diffdrents. Lorsque le document est trop grand pocjr dtre reproduit en un seul clichi, 11 est film6 d psrtir de I'angie supdrieur gauche, de gauche d droite, et de haut en bas, en prenant le nombre d'images ndcessaire. Lf»s diagrammes suivants Ulustrent la methode. 1 2 3 4 5 6 s ^'tff .. ^V) \v REPORT ON Tiin DRAINAGE AND SEWERAGE OF TUB dlitj rf ^ontrml SHEWING THE LOCATION, AND ESTIMATED COST OF THE SYSTEM OF MAIN OUTLET AND INTERCEPTING SEWERS PROPOSED TO BE CONSTRUCTED FOR THE THOROUGH AND EFFECTUAL DRAINAGE OF THE OTY, '.5 I JOHN P. DOYLE, C.E., CITY SURVEYOR. MADK BY ORDER OF THE COMMON COUNCIL, HENRY STARNES, Esq , Mayor. PRINTED BY J. STARKE & CO., ST. FRANCOIS XAVIER STREET. i REPORT ON TIIR DRAINAGE AND SEWERAGE OP THH Citg 0f ^ontml SHEWING THE LOCATION, AND ESTIMATED COST OF THE i^YSTEM OE MAIN OUTLET AND INTKKCEI'TING SEWERS PROPOSED TO BE CONSTRUCTED FOR THE TUOKOUGH AND EFFECl'UAL DRAINAGE OF THE CITY, nv JOHN P. DOYLE, C.E., CITY SURVEYOR. MADE BY ORDER OF THE COMMON COITNOII., HENRY STARNES, Esq , Mayor. PRINTED BY JAIvIES STARKE & CO. 1857. !.^M Dry 3 CITY SURVEYOR'S OFFICE, Montreal, May 22nd, 1857. To the Mayor, Aldermen, and Common Council, Of the City of Montreal. Gentlemen : At the Quarterly Meeting of Council, held at the City Hall on 9 th of September, 185G, a Resolution was passed to the effect that the City Surveyor be instructed to make such examinations and surveys of the City as would enable him to project and lay down such a system of main sewers as would thoroughly and effectually drain the City, and to submit plans, sections and estimates of the cost of said main sewers so required. These instructions— an outline of which is given above — I received in the beginning of October, the delay being occasioned on account of there being no funds appropriated for the purposes of the sur- vey. I commenced the survey and examinations on the 3rd of October, 1856, and since then have devoted all the time to its completion which I could spare from other more pressing duties. This survey, which you intrusted me with, is now completed, and I have the honor to submit to you the following Report on the system of main sewers which I propose to lay down. This Re- port is accompanied with a detailed estimate of the cost of all the main scAvers proposed to be constructed, and taken out in separate items as the different lengths of sewer and the work on it, is heavy or light ; also detailed plans of the side entrances, cross- drains ; the outlet at Ruisseau Migeon ; plans and sections of the several junctions of the sewers ; plans and sections of the main sewers, shewing the details of construction, and their pro- posed fall and depth below the surface ; plans, sections and eleva- tions of public privies and urinals to be constructed in connection with the main aewerH ; soctions of the ohi inaiTi scwern, shewirirr the iiianiier in which the soditnont is deposited in lliem ; a plan of the Cit}', shewing the pt"eets in wiiieh nisiin sewers, or sewers of brick, wood or stone arc constructed now, with their depths below the surface, &c., and a plan of the City, with the lines of main sewers marked out upon it as ])roposed now to bo con- structed, and drawn in strong blue lines from the commencement of each to its outlet at Ruisscau Migcon.* This last i)1an has drawn upon it in red figures, the relative heights of the dilfcrent streets at their intersections, and forms the basis of the calcula- tions from which the selections of the ground to locate the main soAvers has been made. The coping of Cote St. Paul Lock I took as the starting point of the levels, and was 50.28 feet above the surface of the water in the Harbour, (Queen's Basin), when the levels were taken, on the 22nd of November, 185G — the River beinjx then at its lowest. It was also made the starting point of the survey as being immediately beyond and near the ridge at the Tanneries that divides the River St. Pierre from the drainage of the swamp lying west of Bonaventure Street, outside the City limits. I have made a separate survey of all the leading streets in the City, and connected those surveys by running proper check lines between them, so that in future this survey may be made available for a more general and detailed survey of the City, which for the purf)oses of preventing in- croachments on the streets, and for the better defining of private property, and the drainage of houses and yards, should be pro- ceeded with as soon as the main drainage is completed. The plan of the City, shewing the position and direction of the in- tended main sewers, is drawn to a scale of 400 ft. to 1 inch, and the plan shewing the present state of the sewers, drains and cul- verts, is drawn to double that scale. I thought, px-evious to examining, that I should find in the * The plans, sections, and detailed dralnings of the sewers have not been litho- graphed, owing to the cost and delay of time whieh wotdd be inciirn d by so doing ;_ but a topographical plan of the City, shewing the jio.sition and direc- tion of all the main sewers, as well as the valley of the Rive^ St. Pierre, has been lithographed, and is attached, to illustrate tliis Reiujrt. '.,f|»»'!;.A-atB- i . i jj.)jii' i ujii!i iiWBi office plans of the streets tl.voi gh wliieh tlie main sewers arc to pass near enouf^li to make estimates by ; but as I shoubl havo some of them to survey, and as otliors of them were ph)ttea to ditVe cnt scales, and the maps were very old, I came to the con- clusion of making a new survey throughout the whole extent of the routes proposed to be traverse.l by the main sewers. Having had to make this surv(>y new in every portion of it, has delayed the l^eport and the Estimates much beyond the time when I thought they would be ready. The principal objects of the sur- vey arc two':— 1 St. To ascertain the length correctly of the sewers proposed to be constru(;t(! Section No. 1, shew the levels of the bottom of the Craig Street Tunnel and its relative position with respect to the now main sower proposed to bo laid down under thirsystom ; from which it will bo seen that in its deepest part, at St Lawrence Main Street, its bottom does not como within m feet of being deep enough. Morover, the little fall it has is to tho Haymarket, being 5^ feet between St. Lawrence Mam btrcet and St Antoino Bridge, and is in an op^sitc direction to the fall given to 'the main sewer as designed to suit tlie general system here described It is therefore evident the whole of it will have to bo taken up In tho estimates I have made provision for lowering and joining with circular junctions all the collateral sewers to the main sewer throughout the length of Craig Street. There wdl bo a large quantity of earth remaining out of tho cut for this now main sewer, which can be used to fill tho old sewer m Craig Street when the new system is ready to bo used ; but, ^ the, es- timates, I have made no allowance for such ramming and filling of the old sewers. n n • Tho next outlet is that of tho main tunnel sower from Oraig Street under Dalhousio Square, and into tho river opposite the Barracks. This sewer takes all the drainage from St. Lawrence Main Street to tho Papincau Road, and extending as far north- west as a point beyond St. Catherine Street, which is about 600 flet from Ivherc the creek crosses Visitation Street. This sewer is constructed of two four-inch brick rings in common mortar, egg shaped, dimensions G'.0"x4'.0", from St. Lawrence Main Street to where it enters the River St. Lawrence ; but is a wooden box- dimensions 32" X 24" in bottom, x 30" in top-from Lacroix Street to Panet Street. The dotted lines on the section show the position of this sewer, no portion of which will be of any use in connection with the new system, and will all have to be filled and the outlet at 8 the Barracks completely blocked up. This filling in I have not made any provision for in the estimates. The third outlei is into the river at Molson's wharf from the sewer down Papineau Road and Monarque Street. This sewer now takes the drainage of the far end of St. Catherine Street, the low ground beyond the Gaol and the waters of the creeks — having their rise, one beyond the St. Lawrence Toll-gate, draining the tab'c land there, and run- ning west of Logan's Farm, rnd east to 5 i^llum Street , the other rising beyond the City limits at the head of Papineau Road, and running in the direction of said Road, joining the last named creek at and running in one stream throi'.gh Papineau Square. The sewer a Papineau Road and Square will also be of no use in the new system of sewers.* I propose to take it up and put down one at a lower level, for the double purpose of a Relieving Sewer and the drainage of St. Mary Street and streets adjacent thereto. (See Section No. 5). This Relieving Sewer need not be built until the workij on the other main sewers had progressed partly near completion. I have made arrangements to connect the waters of the several creeks draining now through the oid sewer in Papineau Road with the new main sewer by a tone junction, the cost of which is included in the estimate:. The old wooden main sewer in St. Charles Barromee Street, which takes the drainage from the swamp at Coteau Baron and from the Mountain and high land aboVe Sheibrooke Street, can be made use of for that purpose till the two main sewers described further on are constructed, and until the buildings will have ac- cumulated in the neighbourhood of Sherbrooke Street as to fairly require its construction for sewerage purposes. This will be about four years hence, or when the whole of the proposed main sewers are constructed. The main sewer in Union Avenue, running through Phillips' Square and St, Radegonde Street to Craig Street is in pretty good condition, and can be made use of for the drainage of the streets in that neighborhood as far as Cathcart Street, at • This old sewer can be made availible for the drainage of this district, should It be tliaught advisable to del-.y the construction of the new main seAver which would occupy its place, and running Avest to Visitation Street, until the other main sewers are laid down, and when the district bv being built on would, for drainage purposes, require It. " 9 have not ei is into 3au Road ,ge of the the Gaol yond the and run- the other load, and t named Square. )f no use and put lelieving adjacent need not ogres sed connect 1 the Old a tone z. The t, which nd from , can be escribed tiave ac- ;o fairly be about I sewers running g Street h'ainage treet, at s district, icw main .n Street, eiiig built which it is 12.'G" below the surface ; beyond this it is too shal- low and comes too near the surface to afford a proper level for the drainage ol St. Catherine Street. When the ground between fet. Catherine Street and Sherbrooke Street is built on, the sewer m St Catherine Sireot will have to be taken up and built accoi-ding to the Section No. 8 submitted, at such a depth below the surface as to be lower than the gas and water pipes, and with sufficient fall to t^ke the whole of the dniinage from Guy Street and to continue through to Bleury Street, turning down that street to the main sewer intended to pass through Berthelet Street, (bee plan of City.) . , • , •. -n Having now stated the condition and alterations which it will be necessary to make in the old main sewers, I propose to speak of the condition generally of the collateral sewers and drains, the manner in which they have been constructed, and how they will be affected or disturbed by the new system of sewers proposed to be laid down. OLD SEWERS AND DRAINS. The old collateral sewers existing in the City vary in size from 18 to 36 inches, and are constructed half a brick thick up to 24 inches ; beyond this size, one brick in thickness, laid with common mortar, in the sides and arches -the bottoms, in almost every case, without mortar. The transverse sections of these sewers are, in every instance, circular. Some of these sewers have been constructed as far back as 1840, some time previous to the City being incorporated. In all the old sewers where the common mortar has had such a freedom from moisture as to al- low it to set, the arches of such sewers are found to stand well ; but in many of them the mortar has never set, and remains in a semi-glutinous state or is washed out of the joints altogether ; the consequence of which is that the arches and sides of many of these sewers are deformed and completely flattened, and season after season portions of them keep falling in still as the sewage from the sewer escapes into the surrounding earth and softens and causes it to change— the sewers, not having the firm earth to support them at the sides as when constructed, alter in form and fall in as above described. In mv Annual Report laid 10 before the Council, on the 9th of last March, I submitted a statement shewing the streets in which brick, stone or wooden sewers have been constructed, with the depths below the surface ; cost, per lineal yard ; and the year in which they were pui down ; with very full information respecting the old sewers in general, to which I refer you, and need not, there- fore, go into detailed explanations respecting them here. To such an extent has this been the case in many streets (namely, falling in of sewers), that the cost of these repairs from year to year would at the outset have constructed proper sewers, set in cement mortar, wanting little or no repairs, and lasting for a century. Another great evil of constructing the brick sew- ers of common mortar, or leaving the joints of the brick work in the bottoms Avithout mortar, is that in many instances the runs of water through the sewers being but small, the velocity is small in like manner, and time is aflforded the liquid portions of the sewage to go through the brick-work into the surrounding earth, as it would through a sieve, leaving the solid matter deposited on the bottoms of the sewers, causing an obstruction which gradu- ally accumulates till the sewer is completely filled with solid matter that cannot be removed but by hand labor and by break- ing up the sewer. Examples of this state of the old sewers are given on sheet No. 4. This fault arises partly from the above cause of bad construction, and partly from the collateral sewers not having ff U enough to make the velocity of the sewage greater and which would not allow a deposit to take place. The want of velocity in the collateral sewers is caused by not being placed at proper levels, deep enough below the surface, and with a uniform fall. In the old system, as it now stands, these sewers could have been placed at a uniform fall, but could not be laid in many instances any deeper ; because the Craig Street tunnel, which was the main outlet sewer of the system, was not properly con- structed and laid at a deeper level. This must appear evident from the fact that the difference of level between the centre of Craig Street at St. Lawrence Main Street is only 5^ feet above the centre of Craig Street at St. Autoine Bridge, and at this point the tunnel outlets on the surface into an open creek, which also has very little fall. Many of the collateral sewers are filled 11 submitted stone or ths below in which BCting the lot, therc- y streets lairs from 3r sewers, id lasting >rick sew- k work in 1 the runs f is small >ns of the ng earth, losited on ;h gradu- ith solid )y break- 2wers are the above al sewers ;e greater e want of placed at k uniform ers could in many 3I, which erly con- r evident centre of eet above i at this k, which are filled with the semi-fluid matter of the sewage and soil water from the houses ; which, if it had an outlet low enough, would run off, leaving them free of sewage. In the main sewers of the new system I have designed them sufficiently low to give a good fall as an outlet to all the collateral sewers ; and in the estimates I have included, as can be seen, the cost of lowering and construct- ing all these old sewers with circular junctions at their outlets im'mediately abutting on the new main sewers. It is thought that many of these old sewers when so altered are good and need not be replaced for years, and, when they are in good order, can be flushed and cleaned so as to give free passage for the sewer waters. It is therefore obvious that it will be wisdom to retain and make use of all of them in connection with the new system, which, when properly joined and formed at the outlets, will be found strong and in good condition. Many of them, however, must be altered nnd lowered as the works progress ; and as the streets get built on to such an extont as that they would not in their present condition be able to carry off the sewage, so will the time be proportionally long or short in which they would require to be altered. The cost of all the immediate alterations necessary I have provided for in the estimates. The length of wooden drains within the City is about three and one ha' ? mifes. Many of these are not able to perform the functions of a drain from the quantity of sediment contained in them, and from their being laid at wrong levels, owing to the outlets being into creeks or shallow sewers, which make this kind of drainage nothing more than being on the surface. When the new main sewers are constructed all the wooden box drains ought to be re- placed with good brick sewers, properly graduated as to size, and the areas draining into them. DRAINAGE AND SEWERAGE. I have in the precedinf- pages fully stated the condition of the old sewers and drains, as existing now, within the City, and con- demned the construction of them as built with common mortar ; and, before proceeding to describe the system I propose to lay down, it is necessary to inquire, in what does a proper system of drainage 12 and sewerage consist ; Iiow and of what ought the sewers to be con- structed ; and what are the essential conditions necessary to effect the thorough drainage of a City. The things essential to the car- rying out of a proper and thorough system of sewerage and drain- age are — First, That the sewers and house-drains be built of materials impermeable to water of such a depth below the surface as to drain the basement stories, admitting into them soil-water from stables, kitchens, yards and Avater-closets, as well as rain- water and all other matters capable of being removed by or sus- pended in water and produced in and about dwelling-houses, which, if retained, might contaminate the air and prove destructive to health, and that all those liquid and partially solid matters be removed beyond the limits of the City. 2ndly, That the sewers be constructed and laid so as to admit all underground springs, if any are met with, to drain into them through oiDcnings left purposely, thereby insuring the perfect drainage of the strata to the full depth of the sewer ; and that the main sewers be built large enough to admit of men going into them for examination and repairs j and that it be also a distinctly understood princi- ple that the sewers be made perfectly water-tight, except in cases where it is necessary to leave openings as named above.— 3rdly, That the whole of the sewage and refuse be so disposed of as not to be offensive to the sight or smell, nor be allowed to pollute the creeks, water-courses, rivers, or uatm-al outlets in the vicinity of the City ; but should be applied to agricultural pur. poses, either in its liquid state or formed into a solid similar to guano, by being chemically precipitated, and in that state con- veyed to the land. The first of these conditions is insured by building the sewers and drains of good hard burnt bricks, moulded and made specially to suit the radii of the curves of the inverts and arches of the sewers laid in cement mortar, smooth inside and non-absorbent, and presenting an even surface to the flow of water, and by constructing a sewer or drain in every street and square; and that every house, yard and water-closet have its own drain. The joinings of the sewers, brick sewers and house- drains, should be made circular so as to give a uniform flow in the mains; and both sewers and drains should be properly ven- tilated and trapped, so as to prevent the escape of noxious gasses I ■ ' I ( ii iii >i ij l j i l ii :.rm 13 to be con- ry to effect to the car- md drain- e built of ihe surface soil -water 1 as rain- by or sus- ses, which, ructive to Qatters be the sewers i sj^rings, nings left ;he strata rs be built imination )d princi- •t in cases above. — disposed llowed to its in the ural pur- imilar to tate cen- sured by moulded e inverts th inside le flow of kreet and have its d house- 1 flow in rly ven- is gasses into the streets and houses. The carrying out of this condition embraces the details of the construction of main sewers, cross- drains and gullv shoots to take off the surface water from streets, the construction of water-closets, and drainage of houses and yards. Condition No. 2 is partly fulfilled in the carrying out of Condition No. 1, and embraces the application of known princi- ples to particular cases of construction which the pecrliarities of a City may present, and which cannot be known but by a tho- rough and searching inquiry as regards the state of the subsoil, depth of cellars, &c., and which particular cases the sewers oucrht to be constructed as much as possible to suit, without at the same time interfering with the general and economical design of making the sewers, as to depth, of the greatest use to the great- est number. The third Condition embraces the disposing of the sewage, and is of vital importance ; because, if wasted by being discharged into a river or creek, its money value would be lost to the citizens. Moreover, the outlet should be selected with judg- ment, M that the discharged sewage be not offensive to the inha- bitants of any portion of the City ; making it therefore impera- tive to select an outlet far removed from the City. If the sewage is chemically treated in any way so as to get its valuable con- stituents to apply to the land, or if it be applied as a liqmd ma- nure, the money value of the sewage will be in proportion to the successful manner in which this is done, and the management disjjlayed on it. . The subjects embraced under these conditions or principles involve the discussion and inquiry into the kind and quality of sewers and di-ains best to bo used in Town drainage; the kind of materials, size and shai^e of sewers, and manner of construc- tion ; making of roads, and ch. whole subject of paving ; and the fiills and levels required in streets to properly throw off the surface waters ; together with the calculations and details ex- plaining, according to the several circumstances of each particu- lar locality, whether it would be advisable to make any use of the sewage for agricultural purposes ; and the consideration of all other matters which can be said to be connected with sewerage works. In this lleport I shall strictly confine myself to the question 14 of the main drainage of the City, and in treating of that shall not mix other matters with it only as little as possible, although they might be said really to be involved in the same inquinr Having given a description of the state and condition of the old sewers and drains, and pointed out their defects, I will now des- cribe generally the areas to be drained ; the districts of the City in which the main sewers will be situated ; the manner of their selection to the areas they drain ; and my reasons for the system which I propose to construct ; keeping in view the essential con- ditions and principles before laid down, and necessary to insure peiiect drainage and sewerage. The Cits- op Montkeal is situateJ on the north bank of the Kiver St. Lawrence on an island of the same name, inclosed be- tween the River St Lawrence, the River Ottawa, and the River in .l!rr r /"T' "' "■' ""•""' ''^'""8^ °f ""= !«l-»i flow into each of the above named Rivers. But the whole of the drainage of the City, within its present limits, flows into the River toih. "^T*? ■, , "f ""^ '™'" ^ ^"f"^ "' '•' contemplatai to the red dotted lines shewn o„ the plan, to embrace the Tanneries, Cote-des-Neiges, Mile End, and Ruisseau Migeon, some of the drainage of the City within those limits wonld flow into the River rrfgo beyond Mile End. These limits would embrace aL area of Z2 TT'"'"" ''''' '^™^' ^'"' *^ P--t limits mclucle within them an area of 3,fi2G acres, all the drainage of oSsTf*' ""t "■! ''''' "> *^ ^'™^ «'■ L-i.nceT; the outfalls before named. About 5,000 acres of the drainage of tho o^ht squai. miles of country would have to be provide for in IvTnl bet!i / ''^"P'^V'"^ ''"P"' '""^™'''»' '""' *° valleys lying botw«.n,of a series of ri.lges running from N W to N E nearly panxllel with the River St. Lawrence. The'so ri l^es rfse' from the rjver to Notre a.me and St. Slary Sfl«t t n " Mhousie Square 71.78 feet above the sum.of level of water tl Queen^ Basin), falling to Craig Street, ,„„ng again to Cv" mi from thence rising to Sherbreoke Street .^nd Cote u BTr^^ an fina y ascending the Mountain, a large iK,rtion of wliic™ within the City hmits. The substratum is Ti^p Rock, Whyn iii'iMiiiaKfm 15 f that shall not sible, although same inquiry, ion of the old will now des- !t3 of the City inner of their for the system essential con- sary to insure th bank of the , inclosed be- md the River be island flow whole of the nto the River contem})lated he Tanneries, some of the nto the River tain, and the ce an area of resent limits ! drainage of renco by the inage of the •vided for in 31 the City I the valleys W. to N. E., ! ridges rise ts (being at of water in ti to Beaver teau Baron, of which is ock, Whyn and Lime Stone, same as that in the bed of the River St. Law- rence. The earth over the trap rock is all a water deposit, and consists of blue clay, mixed in many places with small stones, sand and gravel, and a stiff clay overlaying all. There is no doubt but the sea once covered the greater part of the isknd, ma- rine shells having been discovered by Sir Wm. Logan as high up on the MouLtain as 430 feet above the level of the River St. Lawrence. In sinking a sewer in McGill College Avenue, last vcar, where the excavation was 14 feet deep, I came on an innumerable quantity of small marine shells in a finely powdered blue clay, all of which had been deposited there by the water. In laying down some of the old sewers, quicksand has been met with in many parts of the City. In the estimates I have, made sufficient allowances for casualties of this kind, should any be met with. LINES OF MAIN OUTLET AND INTERCEPTING SEWERS PROPOSED. Sewer No. 1.— I propose in the first scheme to have the main outfall of the whole of the drainage at Ruisseau Migeon, about ono mile below the City limits; starting from which the mam outlet sewer goes through the ravine at that place, and, curving to the west, traverses the low ground at the back of the Gaol to Papineau Road, (just beyond which it meets the main seAver com- in.-(Sc.e Section 5.)_ThiH sewer would com- mence at St. Ann's Market at the level of tho bottom of the main sewer, through William Street, down McGill Strcrt to Wellin.^- ton Street, and along this street and under tho Canal by culvert to the Grand Trunk Railway, where it crosses St. l>ie"rre Road, ih.s sewer falls U, fe^et from the Canal to William Stre.t, and tiom the Canal to the Railway 7 feet. It is proposed to make a connection, ),y a properly constructed stone culvert, between this sewer and the Tail-race at Grand Trunk Street, shouhl the Tail race be brought that way ; so that water enough may be taken to flush the whole system, and with proper stop-gates or llushin- va vos, send the water from this Tail-race through the mainS either along Craig Street or Commissioners Street, as one or the other of these sewers require cleaning. Water can also be taken trom the Tail-race where it crosses tho creek near Seigneurs fetreet, by having an over-fall from it into the creek, and would pass under the Canal by the culvert already there, and go into the main sewer at Aqueduct Street. Sewer No. 0, (See Section 6)-Commences at Craig Street up St. Charles Borromee Street to the creek, with a branch to the east through the swamp, and draining the low ground in the neighbourhood of St. Denis Street. From where the creek enters St. Charles Borromee Street west through the swampy and irre- gular ground to Berthelet Street, up the latter street to Union Avenue, thence to Victoria Street, up this street to Sherbrooke I III f i water in the ilowii a Ilc- of (Iniiniiio; I to the out- uriicd down i ropjiirs are I to the river ]uired to be set, between )wer. (See numbered.) the winter, rould 001 n- of the main Wellinir- ))y culvert erro Road. Strojt, and to make a tween this 1 tlie Tail. 5^ be taken >r ilushin,245 feet in length, being SA^S feet shorter th:in the scheme to Ruis- seau Migeon, an.>p': u short time, immediately before and after low water In Menu- n.;. on ccount of the severity of the winter, and the blockm.; rp and consequent rise of the water in the St. I^iwrenco for five months of the year, the main and collateral sewers in all the low lying districts, particularly Griffintown, are filled more or less at dififerent times with back water. The groundincr and packing of the ice commences at Lake St. Peter, and continues piling and blocking up till it reaches the Harbour. Nearly the whole of the water of the St. Lawrence flows between the City and the island of St. Helens, the distance between the two beinnr 2,100 feet. At Point St. Charles, and at Windmill Point beds !! ■•iimM>iHM«>««*>« 91 liner level >,245 feet to Ruis- less. Tho 13 St. Law- Migeon is 'ine No. I, 2 ; in tho 125. But vatcr ilow- not neces- 1, for what wle with a this ho( ly incal, 519 rhich it is objection. udiiifT tho •t. Mary's P. 'ers, thej low dis- ! twenty- and they filled al- m water, and the -iJiwrence rs in all 1 more or ing and 3ntinue3 arly the the City v^o being ^t, beds of trap-roek stretch out into tho river a considerable disUtnco, meeting' other beds coining from the ()i.{)oaito side, which give the wator the direction of llow towards tho wharves and through St. Mary's Current. Opi.osito Longueuil, a series of beds of tho same class of rock come out towards Ilocholaga Bay for moro than two-thirds of the distance across tho river; and in many places arc visible, in tho shape of raised patches or islands, when the water is very low. It is these rocks, together with the Island of St Helen's, that has caused the water of the St. Lawrence to hucr the shore so closely as to form tho Bay. The whole of tho water, as before stated, has to pass between tho Island and the shells and also between those last named rocks and tho shoro of the Bay. Before tho rise of tho river in the Fall, which la .renorally about the latter end of December, and when tho river is partially frozen over, the Current St. Mary swallows millions and millions of tons of solid ice. Field after field of ice, varying from 10 to 800 feet wide, disappear and sink to tho bottom, and become packed solid from tho bottom to the first surface coat of ice formeil on the river. This packing and grounding of tho ice occurs at several places between Montreal and Lake St. Peter. But experience proves that in no part of the river is the packing so complete as at the Current St. Mary and in the Harbour of Montreal. It is the grounding of the ice that causes the river to rise in the Fall ; and it is also this grounding of large pieces of ice, one on the other, that forms the ice-bridge across the St. Lawrence. Previous to the water having cut its way through the ice-barrier, it rises and continues to rise till its very weight forces a passage, and then the ice-bridge forms. In 1837, pre- vious to the waters of the St. Lawrence cutting through the ^ce- barrier, so solid was it formed, and to such a height did the River rise, that the inhabitants were obliged to row from place to place by boats through Griffintown, as the water rose and overflowed all the streets in that part of the City. This would give a depth of water of at least 2 feet on Wellington Street. I believe the outfall at St Mary's Toll-gate would not be below where the ice packs solid,' and as the water out of the main outlet sewer would have to force its way through it, together with the pieces of ice brought j^^^,j^ throu'^h the collateral sewers, we might have more back- 22 water and flooding if the outlet is there, than wo have even now. This will appoar muie evident when I state that I have every reason to believe that in the Elgin Basin, where the principal outlet o: the drainage o: the City is now, the ice does not ground solid from the bottom, but allows the water to find its own level as it comes down and joins the river. This would not be the case, in my opinion, if made to outlet as spoken of in Scheme No. 2 ; and when there is added to this, that the water would not only have to find room for itself but for largo pieces of ice that find their way into the sewers, I think there can be no diff-erence of opinion about the superiority of having the outlet at Ruisseau Migeon. Under any circumstances, the outlet at this point, (Current St. Mary), would suffer the same disadvantao-e as to the rise of the water as if it were in the Harbour of Montreal — Scheme No. 2 has the advantage of being cheaper, having a greater tall in the distance, and of being able, under similar circum- stances, of discharging in a given time a greater quantity of sewage water. The extreme rise of the water in the river at Kuisseau Migeon this winter above the level of water in the river taken when it was at its lowest, on the 22nd November last, was 13.83 feet, or 13 feet 10 inches ; so that I conclude the average winter level of water there would be about U feet, ^t the tiine the water was 13.83 feetat Ruisseau Mige.m it was 18 feet above summer level in the Harbom-, making a diffbrence of level in the rise of water at the two places upon the data and observations made last winter of 4. 17 feet in favor of Ruisseau Migeon. This IS equal to nearly half the available fall from the Haymarket to this outlet. It is evident that to whatever height the water will rise in the river at either outlet, it will rise in the sewer to the same height ; and that whilst it would rise in the sewer 14 feet If outlettmg at Ruisseau Migeon, it would rise 18 feet if outlettinc at St. Mary s loll-gate or in the Harbour; provin. ,ha^ in the one case there would be 3 feet on the bottom of the sewer in the Haymarket aiu in the other there would be 7 feet, or it would be complecely filed. The following table gives the length, depth below the surface, and the fall of the main sewers as desfgn^l to bo constructed lor the sewerag. of the City-the direction ami position of which I have already described. (See Appendix Table No 1 ) 23 ! even now. have every e principal not ground 1 own level )e the case, no No. 2 ; i not only ) that find ference of Ruisseau his point, 3 as to the )ntreal. — : a greater r circum- antity of 3 river at the river last, Avas 3 average the time 30 1 above el in the 3rvations n. This inrket to atcr will 3r to the • 14 feet itlctting t, in the !r in the 'Ould be 1, deiith led to bo position No. 1.) SIZE AND SHAPE OF SEWERS. This is a very important part of the inquiry, because the size of the sewers will augment or lessen the cost, just in proportion as they are large or small ; and the shape given to them has a great deal to do with their stability, and their fitness to perform the duties of di3charging the semi-solid matter that passes into them. The proportion of all the solid matter entering the sewers is, toall liquW, about as 1 to 96 ; that is, for 1 of solid 9G would be soil-water or rain-water; and sewers have been known to dis- charge, without leaving a deposit matter, in which one-fortieth of it wa^'s solid. The solid portions of the sewage consist of decayed animal and vegetable matter, and the washings of streets and roiids. The velocity required to keep sewers free of deposit and make them self-cleaning, should bo at least two miles per hour. This velocity can be had in all the scAvers of the system now pro- posed to bo constructed ; where that velocity cannot be had, flushing must be resorted to. Throughout the whole of the sys- tem of sewers now proposed, water can be sent from the Tail-race, whether it be brought to the east or the Nvest of the City. In calculatincr the size of sewers necessary to drain given areas of the rain-watei^falling up. n it, the different matters, the produce of house-drains, including the water supply and the excrcmcntitious matters from water-closets, &c., it is usual to find out the sum total of these several quantities in gallons or cubic feet, and make the size of the seAvers accordingly. These several quantities for the City of Montreal Avill be as follows :— If made to outlet at Ruisseau Migeon, the mmiber of acres to be drained will be about 5,000 ; and, if outletting at St. :\Iary's Toll-gate, the drainage area will be about 4,300. The rainiall and snow reduced to rain on this area amounts in 12 months to from 30 to 45 inches, the average of a number of years being 36 inches, amounting on the average per month to about 3 inches. From observations made by Judge McCord (see Appendix table 5) on the rainfall from 183r) to 1840 inclusive, the average fill of rain was 36.45 inches, and of snow 18 inches. During that time the greatest fall of rani and snow reduced to rain, in one year, was in 1839, amounting to about 45 inches Taking that quantity as the greatest downfall of rain and snow here, and allowing the whole of this (less:i-5th or 24 9 inches, which I will suppose to go into the earth and be eva- porated, and which is a very small alloAvance), namely, 3G inches is the quantity we will have to remove of rain-water, to be car- ried off by the sewers. That would be 3 inches per month, or about the 1-lOth of an inch of rain over the whole area drained per day. This is an ample allowance, and is believed to be much more than would be required to be removed. A large quantity of the snow here, during the winter, goes off by evapo- ration ; and what from that and absorption of the rain in a ge- nerally dry climate like ours, it is believed that sewers removing' that quantity, with some provision for storm waters, would be amply suflScient. Supposing our population to be now 70,000 ; that is, 10,000 houses, occupied with an average of 7 persons to each house; and looking forward to the the time when this po- pulation will be double what it is now, or 140,000 ; and hoping the time will come when every house, out of the 20,000 houses necessa,ry to hold this population, will have its water-closet, and drain directly into the main sewers in the streets,— then all the excrementitious matters of this population, as well as soil-water, will have to be carried off by the main sewers. The quantity of water for this population will amount, say at the most— for cu- linary and domestic purposes, baths and wash-houses, cleaning of streets, and supplying of public fountains— to 40 gallons per head per diem, which is 5,000,000 gallons to be removed in the 24 hours, at the time when our present population will be double the number it is now. Add to these one ton j)er annum for each one of the population, being the amount of excrementitious mat- ters produced by a human being in the course of a year, and an- other ton each per annum for the quantity of detritus passing into the sewers consequent on the wear and tear of streets and roads produced by each inhabitant, and we have 280,000 tons a-year from this source also to be removed through the sewers. Then the quantity, from all sources, will stand thus ;— A fall of rain of 1 inch in depth on an acre is equal to 101.28 tons ; this, multi- plied by 5000 acres, the drainage area gives 506,400 tons ; which, multiplied by the number of inches of rainfall, viz., 36, gives 18,230,400 tons of rainwater annually to be removed. Add to this 40 X 140,000 X 365, and it gives us, allowing 10 lbs of and be eva- f, 30 inches •, to be car- r month, or rea drained eved to be A large f by evapo- /in in a ge- 3 removinjj !, would be w 70,000 ; persons to in this po- ind hoping )00 houses closet, and len all the soil -water, uaatity of t — for cu- , cleaning ;allons per ed in the be double Q for each tious mat- r, and an- ssing into and roads Qs a-year Then the rain of 1 is, multi- 3 ; which, 36, gives Add to lbs. of 25 water to a gallon, 9,125,000 tons annual water supply, which, with 280,000 tons of excrementi tious matter, will be— RECAPITULATING. Tons. Annual rain water, ^nio^'nnn Annual water supply, ;•;•••• 9A^&,00U Annual product of each inhabitant of excrementitious matter, &c. _mOOO Total 27,635,400 tons annually, or 75,713 tons every twenty-four hours, to be car- ried away by the sewers. It never occurs in the practice of the sewerage of towns that this quantity is to be discharged in regu- lar stated times. On the contrary, in the daily use of water for domestic purposes, and in times of heavy rains, the above quan- tity would have to be discharged in 12 hours or less ; which, with the additional pressure of the water, and consetiuent increase of velocity at those times, the main sewers now designed are amply able to discharge this quantity in the above time. The main sewer from Papineau Road to Ruisseau Migcon, through which all the sewage of the City is intended to pass, has a sec- tional area of 173 square feet ; being 18 feet high by 12 feet wide, egg shaped, with the small end down ; having a fall of 2.05 feet to 'the mile, and when running full the velocity will be 3.48 feet, or 3 feet 6 inches per second, and will be able to deliver at the outlet 13,265,482 gallons per hour, or 59,220 tons of water per hour ; so that in 2 hours it would be able to deliver the great- est allotted quantity Avhich it can ever have to do in the 24. That is, in 12 hours it would deliver at the outlet nine times the quantity above calculated on, namely, 75,713 tons, and which is the quantity arising from all sources in the 24 hours, and which is thought to be more than will ever be required of it to pass. The two principal elements required to be taken into considera- tion in calculating the size of sewers, are the quantity and the fall. The size will be directly as the quantity required to be de- livered, and inversely as the fall or rate of inclination. This must be clear ; for, the greater the fall, the more rapid will be the discharge. The Tables- 2 and 3 in the Appendix— E 26 give full and e.vpUcit iarurinati(jn with respect to the size, veloci- ties aiul discharges of the main scAvcrs i.)roi)osed to be constructed, and to which I refer you. The main sewers of this system, as will be seen in Table No. 1, havcviirious rates vjf inclination, dif- ferent capacities according to the areas they drain, and are at different depths below the surface. In Table No. 2 is shewn the dimensions, sectional area and friction:»,l area of the main sewers. In Table No. 3 is given the velocity in feet per second and miles per hour, and the discharge in cubic feet which Avoidd take place at each section of sewer or at the change of grade, supposing the sewer to be running full and having no more velocity than the Hydraulic mean depth of such a quantity would produce. But this must not be taken as the correct quantity the sewers are able, under the pressure of heavy rains, to deliver ; for the actual dis- charge will exceed the theoretical discharge, or the quantity which theory would allow, by from one-fourth to one-half more. The sewers and their discharges have been calculated from Eytdiceln's Formula for calculating the capacities and discharges of oj.en streams and water-courses. This Formula is based on the reason- ing that " the mean velocity of a stream is uniform when the resistance arising from the friction of the channel is equal to the a(!celerating force which gives it motion." That is, if the fric- tional area is ==&, and the transverse area .^=c- then - =^d = the hydraulic mean dej^th of the stream. Now putting ^' m = mean velocity in a second d = the hydraulic mean depth, and y == the fall in two miles : — the Algebraic expression will be, to find the velocity— Which in woi-ds would be, the velocity in feet per second is equal to ten. elevenths of a mean proportional between the hydraulie mean depth and the tall in two miles. This Formula is the best and most generally received for calculating the capacity of sewers and IS the one I have used ; but I must state distinctly that ex-' perience proves that the discharges, as given by this theoretical rule, are much exceeded in practice-the reason of which I will endeavour to explain. In open streams, &c., the fall is continual iM 27 he she, velooi- >o constructed, is system, as icliiKition, (lif- in, jind are at ! is shewn the main sewers. >nd and miles -lid take place supposing tlie )city than the irodiice. ]3ut wers are able, lie actual dis- lantity which ' more. The .1 Eytdwein^s rges of open n thereason- irm when the equal to the , if the fric- then - =d b itting ^ond is equal be hydraulic ii is the best ty of sewers, 3tly that ex- s theoretical which I will is continual and uniform. ' covered sewers it is not so ; for, in times of heavy rains, all the collateral sewers and street cross-drains send into the main sewers wat.n- with diiferent degrees of velocity, which must very much increase the velocity of the ])ody ot water in the main outlet, and which will in times of heavy rain be very accelerated from falling through a great depth to the main stream. This is the cause of the discrepancy be- twei>n the practice and what theory would allow to pass through the sewers, as given by the Formula. I have no hesibition in «.i,vinithstand the pressure of the superincum- bent earth. All the sewers of this system I have designotl to be egg-shaped, with the small end down, affording room for floods in the top part when the water rises, and when the flow is small con- centrating it in a small circle in the bottom — (See cross sections of sewers, figures 1 to 11, sheet No. 1, and Table No. 2.) HOUSE-DRAINS AND CROSS-DRAINS. The house-drains of the present old system are very defective, and should be remedied. No wooden house-drains should, under any circumstances, be allowed to be put down. The object of a system of main sewers is to afford an outlet for the street and house-drainage of the City. I should there- fore advise, that still as the main sewers arc constructed, that powers be obtained to compel all the proprietors on each side of the street to put down brick or glazed stone- w^arc drains ; and that gradually as the sewer works extend, open cesspools and privies be abolished, and Avatcr-closets in the houses be adopted instead. The great object of main drainage is for the benefit of house drainage ; therefore, one is useless without the other. The street cross-drains I propose in future to construct of glazed stone-ware pipes, as shewn on Drawing No. 2. Sections of the house-drains in glazed stone-ware, and of the stone- ware sewers for small streets, are shewn on Sheet No. 1, 29 THE FLUSHING OF SEWERS. Under any circumstances, large quantities of street dirt and other solid substances, will find its way into the sewers through the gully grates, as at present constructed. This occurs because at the end of the winter hero there is a five months' dirt on the streets, and the heavy showers of rain in the spring at the break- in^ up of the ice are found to wash a great deal of this mto the sewers I intend to make liberal use of the water from the Tail- race and from the blow-off cocks of the New Water Works for the purpose of flushing or washing away this dirt to the outlet and into the river. I propose also to n.ake use of the sewer in Sher- brooke Street, by connecting it with the old Reservoir on Coteau Baron, to flush out all the old sewers down in to Craig Street, in other parts of the City provision can be likewise made to cleanse and flush the sewers. The Tail-race water can be used always for this purpose ; but not so from the water-pipes, for the time will come when the Water Works will have enough to do to supp y the water required for domestic and other uses, namely, when the population will have increased considerably more than its pre- sent numbers. It is therefore necessary that the gully grates be trapped to prevent the street dirt fmm being washed into the sewers. The manner in which I propose to do this is shewn on Sheet No. 1. CONSTRUCTION OF SEWERS. The main outlet sewer from Papineau Road to Ruisseau Mi- geon or to St. Mary's Toll-gate, if that outlet be chosen, I pro- pose to construct 18 feet high by 12 feet wide, egg shaped in coursed rubble masonry, in cemcnt-the work to bo 18 inches thick, and hammer-dressed smooth to give an even Avatcr-way. This and the elevation, as shewn on Sheet No. 8, together with six stone culverts as inlets for the creeks, &c., are all the stone masonry to be constructed. The remaining portions ot the sewers I propose to construct of brick-work, varying from 8 inches to 16 inches in thickness, all set in cement of the best quality. From the junction at Papineau Road there will be two portions of the main sewers tunnelled. One, under St. Mary Street, will have to be worked in a tunnel ; but the other may, if thought the most 1 30 advantageous, Le worked partly in open cut and partly in tunnel ; that IS, 100 feet might be excavated in oi)en cut, and 100 feet tunnelled. I i,ropose to use a frauie-work of timbers as a linin.^ to support the superincumbent earth as the tunnel work pro*^ grosses ; and when the brick-work is constructed inside of this shield or lining, to solidly pack in and ram hard with earth Oo- tween said brick-work and the timber lining, and of course let the timbers remain in the work. In some places, where the earth IS good and self-supporting, this lining might be moved on and not left in the work ; but, in the estimates, I have calculated as 11 the whole of the timbers were buried in the work, and conse- quently no error in defect of estimates can arise from this cause Ihe works in each division, if let to diffbrcnt contractors, would be commenced at the end nearest the outlet, so that the surplus water might run off through the portion of the sewer still as con- structed. PUBLIC NECESSARIES AND URINALS In the estimates, I have given a list of the streets and public places at which I think it will be necessary to construct public privies, both for the use of the citizens in the dr.y time, and for strangers^ from the country who come daily to our markets with their produce. I have also given the names of streets in which It will be necessary to erect urinals. The places selected fur those last are opposite dead walls, and in situations near tlu- cab stands, where their use will prevent the disgusting exhibitions now to be witnessed at those places and at the markets, for the want ot such conveniences. The miiials are i„teu5G 2 10 33 SCHEME No. 2. Propofed to outlet at St. Mary's Tollgate. ^ Total cost of sewers, main, relieving and intercepting, as far as Papineau Road, as per estimate No. 1, and commou to ^^ ^ ^ both schemes .* ' •; ' W ' " ! " m M "*' .-VVu is Costof outlet as proposed opposite St. Mary's Tollgate...... 02,7J1 IS " Bailing and Pumping water out of tlio trenches, not already ^^^ ^ ^ provided for '„ , , „ o Public Urinals and Necessaries '*'''" £221,427 7 5 10 per cent for contingencies 22,142 14 9 Total cost of Scheme No. 2 £243,570 2 2 Total cost of Scheme No. 1, outletting at Ruisaeau Migcon, leaving out the Sewers up St. Charles Borromce street, and west along Berlhelet and feherbrooke streets, and under Cote i Baron, as also the sewer up Dufresne street and west to Visitation street, all of which it is proposed to construct four years hence I'nrn n o Cost of Public Urinals and Necessaries _______ £230,546 6 8 10 per cent for contingencies 23,054 12 8 Totalcost .^^_^ £253,600 19 4 Total cost of Scheme No 2, leaving out the above described Sewers to bo constructed four years hence oq"^ a n Public Urinals and Necessaries ^'^^" ^ £197,468 2 5 10 per cent for contingencies 19,746 16 3 Totalcost £217,214 18 8 TOTAL SUMMARY. Total cost of Scheme No. 1, outletting at Ru;sseau Migeon. . . . £279,956 2 10 Do do do. leaving out sewers to be constructed 'four years hence 253,600 19 4 Total cost of Scheme No. 2, outletting at St. Mary's Toll-gate. 243,570 2 2 Do do. do. leaving out sewers to be constructed "four years hence 217,214 18 8 Scheme No. 1, main outlet at Ruisseau Migeon 95,870 2 3 Ten per cent, contingencies '^'""' " ^ Totalcost ^105,457 2 5 Scheme No. 2, main outlet at St. Mary's Toll-gate 62,791 18 Ten per cent, contingencies fa,Z7J 39 Totalcost -£69,071 1 9 Sum of the difiference of the cost of the main outlets £36,386 8 34 CONCLUSION. The sewers up St. Charles Borrom^e Street, and west through Bcrthelet Street and Sherbrooko Street to the Priests' Farm ; and the sewer up Fullum Street, and west to Visitation Street, need not be built for three or four years, or till the lots in the neighbourhood of those streets would require more extensive sew- erage. But at the end of that time they will require to be con- structed, and could not be longer delayed. The whole of those sewers can be constructed in sections, so that any one of them can be commenced with separately after the main outlet is con- structed. The main outlet to Ruisseau Migeon, or to St. Mary's Toll-gate, would have to bo constructed before the works were commenced on any of the others, in order to give facilitiec for drainage. This restriction does not apply to the relieving sewers through McGill Street and Papineau K«ad, as they can be con- structed independent of the two main sewers through Craig and Commissioners Streets ; because one for the time being could drain into the creek at St. Ann's Market, and the other into the river at Molson's Wharf. Either of these sewers could bo com- menced this season, as also the main outlet to St. Mary's Toll- gate, if selected, and finished before the winter. For the reasons stated in the body of this Report, I strongly urge upon you to select Ruisseau Migeon as the outlet for the sewage, and to build the outlet sewer from Papineau Road to there of stone, in cement mortar. To take the sewage to St. Mary's Toll-gate would bo the cheapest ; but it would be discharging the sewage near a thickly populated part of the City ; and, as regards winter floods, would very likely have the City in as bad a condition as it is at present. Moreover, in a work of such permanency and utility as this, a few thousand pounds should not be spared, when its appli- cation would undoubtedly be in the end the most advantageous to the citizens. The fall in the river from the Harbour to Ruisseau Migeon is 2 feet 8 inches, and the water rises in the Harbour (Queen's Basin) from 4 to 8 feet higher, according to the ground- ing and the blocking of the ice in the Current St. Mary, than it does at Ruisseau Migeon. Consequently, the gain in the fall, by making the outlet at Ruisseau Migeon, will be from 6 ft. 8 inches hcs, varying and depending on the character of \a^ O mmmimmmmmmm 35 the stoppage of the ice barrier in the winter. The lengtli of the main outlet and intercepting .ewers, for which estunates are now submitted, is 14 miles 1241 yar.ls. The estimated cos of the :" outlet at Buisseau Migeon, is -^f ^^^^G 2s^l0d. ; and if made to outlet into the river opposite St. Mary's Toll-^te, is £243.570 2s. 2d.— making a difference of X36,38G Os. M cy. Taking into consideration the effect which the Victoria Bridge is likely to have on the waters of the Biver St. Lawrence m winter, by causing a considerable rise in the river above the Bridge, 1 think, no matter where the Tail-race is brought, provision must be made in the sowers to take a large body of such flood water, or else Griffintown will be flooded as it was last winter. I have, therefore, made the sewers larger to meet this on that account. It is also necessary to the thorough drainage of that part of the City to divert the Biver St. Pierre from its present course, and make it outlet below the Bridge, and dam up the ravine through which it passes at its confluence with the Biver St. Lawrence. This will form a necessary part of any plan for getting rid of the Tail-race water, both for the purpose of keeping back water from the wheels of the New Water Works, and to increase the power of said Tail-race in its application to the moving of machinery, and consequently add to the revenue derivable therefrom, as also to keep the adjacent lands from being flooded. I have maxle provi- sionfor taking alarge quantity of the Tail-race water to flush the sewers In order not to take away from the waters of the iail- race when they might be advantageously employed for moving machinery in the day time, the waters therefrom for flushing purposes can be taken in the evening or the night time equally as well as day for that pm-pose. To carry out those works economically and in a permanent manner, it will be very neces- sary that at least six months of preparation be made in the furnishing of properly moulded bricks and other materials suit- able for the construction of sewers on so large a scale. As nearly the whole of the distribution pipes for the water supply has to be put down yet ; I beg to bring prominently before your notice the great saving that will arise to the city, amounting to many thousand pomids, if the water pipes and the sewers could ^ p\if rln^n at the same time, thereby avoiding tearing up the 36 streets a second time, and saving the cost of excavation for the •water pipes, as they can be laid in the sewer trenches at their proper depth. I feel it to be my duty before closing this Re- port to infoim you, that from the bad state of the old sewers, and their being full of sediment, consequently the house drains do not perform their functions in a satisfactory manner. The sanatory condition of the city is such, that if cholera or fever of a typhoid character were to visit us, the consequence would be to our citizens very dreadful indeed, and has now come to that state as to require your earliest and most serious consideration. The amount included in the estimates for these works is very large, and on that account I have deemed it prudent to go more fully into details for your satisfaction than under other circum- stances it would be necessary for me to do. All of which I respectfully submit. JOHN P. DOYLE, City Surveyor. :|| I tion for the hes at their ing this Re- old sewers, bouse drains inner. The iera or fever uence would come to that msideration. orks is very t to go more iier circum- hrveyor. I D APPENDIX TO THE REPORT ON THE DRAINAGE AND SEWERAGE OF THB Cits d Montreal SHEWING DETAILED ESTIMATE OF THE COST, AS WELL AS TABLES SHEWING THE SIZE, SECTIONAL AREAS, FRICTION AREAS, VELOCITIES, AND DISCHAEGES OF THE SEWEES. ,-^/^-k/\ Ayvi"v/xA- -^ May, 1857. .iii i i iwi ilmMii li i 'i M i "' DETAILED ESTIMATE OF THE COST or PUTTING DOWN THE MAIN SEWEllS, CITY OF MONTREAL. SECTION No. \E.i.a. of ike Main ^e^^^ fro^^^^^^J^ ' Pnoineau Road, and through Craig sireei, i Zlry, and Lyond to the Water Works Road. Estimate of the Main Outlet Ruisseau Migeon:- Rubble backing in n^asonry of outlet, 618i yards, at -o. F.i<;ed ashlar in outlet, 512 yards • • Coffer dam and ptimpuig ■ • • • ^t Is. 250 piles, each 15 feet l«nK=3750 ^eet ^ _ ^^ ^^^^ 7000 Ibd. iron shoeing, 28 lbs. <^ P'*' ••.. 3^^ ft. at Is. . Wftlintr pieces and cross-timbers over piles, 107 Tamarac planks for fl"0""S '-^ yds. at Is. 3d. Excavation for foundation courses, -8a cud. y Deduct 70 cubic yards void at outlet . . Section No. l-continued. . Estinmte of Sewer 18' x 12', from Ruisseau Migeon to 1 plpilu Road, invert in coursed rubble nasonry t« I cement, arch uncoursed in cement. I 30,327 cubic yards of coursed rubble masonry m ^ I througliout . . • • ^io * out of invert, average I 66,759 cubic ynras of excavation, u . . at 4s. § depth below the surface .3 - • • . • ^f 5^. ! 106,8\4 cubic yards of exc^atxcu from sprmgm„ ^^ ^^ " vert, average depth 19 2 Carried over 772 1920 150 187 145 '.5 8 17 3217 140 18 4 ; j 0! 10 ' 16 17 16 18 3 , I 3077 18 60654 13351 10681 ! 16 8 84687 JL. 4 3077 I 18 I 3 42 Brought over 80,100 ruble yards of back filling over arch of sciver, including ramming .. .. .. .. at Is. 4,000 feet timber cradling for invert . . . . at 43. 500 cubic yards concrete to form bed for invert at 203. 12,000 feet of timber shorcing, left in work to keep banks from slipping and destroying the sewer • . at 6d 2 stop gates, Avith crab engines to lift them . . "i side entrances for examinations and renairs. . no cross drains to take off surface water .. £12 100 junctions circular for future sewers and house drains . . . . . . . . . . . . 100s Pumping and bailing out water during construction of this section Section No. 1 — continued. Estimate of Tunnel Sewer, bein^ that portion of the Craig street Main Sewer from Papineau Road to St. Hubert street. E.xcavation from Papineau Road to St. Hubert street, 1!),G8 7 cubic yards .. .. .. .. at 5s. l,233i lineal j-ards of serrer, 10' G" x 1' 0" in cement, including cement, bricklaying, and labor at £8 6s. 3d. 1,425,000 feet of timber and plank for lining and support- ing earth over arch at X'G ])er 1000 Earth filling between timber lining and brick work, in- cluding ramming 3015 cubic yards . . . . at 10s. Timber cradling, including excavation for transverse sleepers, 2000 feet at 43. 4 side entrances for examinations and repairs at £110 each 12 cross drains to take off surface water . . at £12 10 old house drains altered . . . . . . at 80s. liOO cubic yards of concrete to form bed for invert at 203 20 circular junctions for intended sewers . . at 100s. 4 junctions of old sewers altered . . . . at £12 <) old cross drains altered at 100s. 30 junctions opposite lots and houses for intended house drains as the work progresses . . . . at 40s Bailing and pumping 4 shafts for air and working tunnel SECTION No. 2. Estimate of portion of Brick Sewer 10' 6" x T 0", from St. Hubert street to St. Charles Borromee street. Average depth below the surface 25' 3". G382 cubic yards of excavation for invert . . at 43. 17,903 cubic yards of excavation over arch . . at 23. Carried over £ 84687 4005 800 500 300 300 500 600 4021 10252 1507 400 440 144 40 300 100 48 30 GO 500 GOO 1276 1790 500 I COO 15 8530 i 10 £ 307: 02792 27873 18 12 11 I 3066 i 14 I I 123743 | 15 43 18 12 11 Brought over 8Glii lineal yards of pcwor .. •• at £8 Gs. 3il. 13,428 cub. yaril3 of earth back filling and ramming at la. 2585 feet timber cradling under invert . . at 4s Concrete for foundation and forming bed for masonryj)t invert on cradling, 278 cubic yards 3000 feet timber shoreing left in trench 7 junctions and alterations for old sewer3 7 junctions for intended sewers 3 side entrances for examination, &c. . . 40 junctions for house drains . . 15 old house drains altered 8 old cross drains altered "„ "r. , ^n,o 6 additional cross drains to take off surface water at il 2 at 20s at Gd. at £15 at 100s. at 403. at GOs at 100s Section No. 2— continued. Estimate of thf portion of the Craig street Sewer between St. Charles Borromee street and the Haymarket square Average depth below the surface 19' G". 2701 cubic yards of excavation in invert, and 8840 cubic yards over arch = 11,541 cubic yards . . at 2s Cd. 73GS lineal yards of brick sewer in cement, including labor, .^c." .. .. ••. •• ..at £5 4s. 6630 cubic yards of earth back filling . . . . at ya. 2210 feet timber cradling under invert •• at 43. 208 cubic yards concrete to form bed for brickwork in invert , .•• ; • "■ ^* ^Os. 3000 feet timber shoreing left m trench 9 junctions and alterations of old sewers 20 old cross drains altered 50 junctions for new house drains Connecting 10 old house drains ^^^. 1 stop gate at Haymarket square to turn sewerage during repairs down McGiU street, including fittings &c. 4 side entrances for examination, &c . . . . • • ^ 8 new cross drains at £1- at 20s at Gd. at £15 at 100s. at 40s. at GOs 15 SECTION No. 3. Estimate of that portion of the Craig street Sewer from Huymarket square to South-west City Boundary. 22213 lineal yards brick sewer in cement . . at 573. 6d. 13 206 cubic yards of excavation,— average deptli 10 J , including shoreing up *• ^ •• . •• '^^ !,l' l^lJ" 6667 cubic yards of back filling and ramming at od. 4000 feet timber cradling under invert _ . . at 3s. 300 cubic yards of concrete to form bed for invert at 20^. 3000 feet timber shoreing left in trench . . at 6d. Carried over £ 3066 s. 14 7162 I 12 671 8 517 278 75 105 35 300 80 45 40 72 1442 3832 248 442 208 75 135 100 100 30 100 400 96 d. 1 12 12 6 6387 890 166 600 300 75 9 13 £ 123743 15 12447 8419 18 8 14 7209 5 143400 I 14 3 44 £ s. d. £ s. d. Brought over 8419 8 8 143400 14 3 6 junctions of old sewers circularly let into main sewer, including excavation at £15 90 12 alterations of old cross drains . . . • at lOOs. GO 40 junctions for new house sewers . . . . at 40s. 80 12 old house drains made good and let into main sewer at 60s, 36 1 stop gate at Guy street for flushing 70 6 side entrances for repairs, &c, . . . . at £60 3G0 29 circular junctions for new sewers .. .. at 100s. 145 16 new cross drains put in complete . . . . at £8 128 9388 8 8 Section No. 3 — continued. Estimate of that portion of the Craig street Sewer from South-west City Boundary to the Water Works Road, 5' 3" X 3' 6", all in cement. Average depth below the surface 12' 9". 3443 cubic yards of earth excavation . . • . at Is. 162 3 1500 cubic yards of back flUing and ramming at 6d. 37 10 4G3i lineal yards of brick sewer, including laying and labor at 46s. 926 15 4 Flushing gate at Water Works Road, and enlarged por- tion of sewer to lock water for flusiiing purposes . . 200 2 side entrances for examinations, &c. 120 : 10 cross drains to take off surface water 100 '. .30 junctions for new house drains . . . . at 403. 60 1000 feet of cradling for invert at 2s. 6d. 125 ' 6 junctions for new sewers at lOOs. 30 0, 1400 feet tunber shoreing left in trench . . at 6d, 35 ' 1790 8 4 154585 U 3 Seweh No. 2. at St. A street set yard stre 12,702 cubic 2100 cub.yar 815,000 feet c work 2307 lineal fc 200 cub. yan 769 lineal yni Pumping and 5 air shafts t( Secti Estimate of Woodya) bclmv thi 31,327 cubic 14,000 cubic 16661 lineal 3000 feet of < COOO feet of ' 40 old cross 400 cubic ya 20 old house 7 old sewers 3 side cntrni 40 junctions 1 slop gate i Stone outlet 1 stop gate i Estimate oj r 6" y street, i the surj 13,874 cubii GOOO cubic 1541? lineal 3000 feet ol 4000 feet ol 200 cubic y s. 14 11 45 SECTION No. 4. SE^YEn No. 2.— Estimate of Tunnel Sewer under the hill at St. Mary's street, from junction with the Craig street sewer to Commissioner street, opposite Wood- yard street. Average depth below surface 40' 10". 12 702 cubic yards of excavation in tunnel . . at 7s. Gd. 2100 cub.yaids of earth back filling and ramming at lOS. 815.000 I'ect of timber lining to support earth over brick- work at .to per M. 2307 lineal feet of cradling for invert . . . . at 49. 200 cub. yards of concrete to form bed for invert at 20s. 7G9 lineal yards of sewer in cement . . at £8 Cs. 3d. Pumping and draining tunnel . . 5 air shafts to work and construct tunnel at £150 Section No. 4.— Sewer No. 2— continued. Estimate of Sewer through Commissioner street, from Woodyard street to McGill street. Jverage depth belmv the surface 18' 7". 31 327 cubic yards of earth excavation 14000 cubic yaids of back filling, &c. IGGGl lineal yards of brick sewer aOOO feet of cradling COOO feet of timber left in trench 40 old cross drains connected with sewer 400 cubic yards of concrete bedding for mvert 20 old house drains connected with sewer . . 7 old sewers lowered and connected with mam 3 side entrances for examination, &c 40 junctions for new house drains . • • • 1 slop gate and fittings opposite the Montreal House Stone outlet to the river at the Montreal House 1 stop gate at the bottom of McGill street . . . . at 23. Gd. at 9d. at £8 6s. 3d. at 33 at Gd, . . at 100s at 20s at GOs. at £10 at 40s. SECTION No. 5. Estimate of that portion of Commissioner street Sewer, 7' 6" X 5' 0", from McGill street, through William street, to opposite Guy street. Average depth below the surface 12' 0". 13,874 cubic yards of earth excavation . . at Is. Gd. COOO cubic yards of earth back filling . . 1541 1 lineal yards of brick sewer 3000 feet of cradling •• •• 4000 feet of timber left m trench . • 200 cubic yards of ".oncrete for bed for mvert Carried over at Gd. at £5 49, at 3s atGd at 20s s. d. 4703 1050 4890 64G1 200 C389 400 750 5 8 16 3916 525 13754 450 150 200 400 GO 70 300 80 100 300 100 17 8 1040 150 8016 450 100 200 9957 11 13 ' h 18904 9 I 3 20406 5 10 39310 15 H Xy -'*: 46 Brought over 1 stop gate and fittinga . . 12 old croHS drains lowered and let into scwcr iit GOs. 4 old sewers joined and let into main . . 30 junctions for new house drains . . . . at 40s 18 circular junctions for sewers to be made . . nt 100s 10 new cross drains . . . . . . . . at £12 ;{ side entrances for examinations, &c. . • at £70 Section No. 5 — continued. Estimate of that port ion of Commissioner street Sewer from Guy street to the Water Works Road, 5' 3" x 3' G". ^ eruge depth below the surface 13' 7". 41,132 cubic yards of earth excavation . . at Is. 6d. 4500 cub. yards of earth back filling and ramming at Gd. 1473J lineal yards of brick sewer 4 side entrances . . 20 new cross drains 13 junctions for new sewers 2 stop gates for Hushing purposes 20 junctions for house drains . . Total cost of sewer Xo. 2 at 4Gs at £70 at £10 at 100s. at £7G at 40s £ s. 9967 4 100 38 40 GO 90 120 210 834 18 112 10 3903 2 280 200 G5 140 40 ' £ 39310 10G13 5567 55499 a. IT) 10 « 47 A. IT) d. 10 SECTION No. 6. Skwkh No. 3.— Estimate of Relic viiif^ Sewer in Mr Gill street, both for the /(ur/xwcs of i'Vus/ii/ii,' iiiul Drainage, so that the sewage of either sewer ran be lurneil throus^h the other. Jvcrae;e depth beluw the surface 18' 2" ; Sewer G' 0" x 4' 0". fiOOG cubic yards Dfi'iirtli oxcii.'iition .. .. ftt 23. 4000 fill), yards of eiutli buck lilliiiK iiml raminiuK at Od. 5:(0 lineal yards of brick fewer in ccineat, includiiit,' lalmr of laying, &c at ,57s. Od. 7 old drains lowered iviul let into main . . at £20 20 old cross drains lowered and let into main at £8 1 stop gate at Hay market 2 side entrances • •• at £100 SECTION No. 7. Skweh No. i.— Estimate of the Relieving Sewer in Papi- neau Road, both for the purposes of Flushing aiul in cojie of damage, ^c to the main sewer, between Papi- neau Road and Ruisseau Migeon the sewage can be turned down Papineau Road to the river. 13,G5!) cubic yards of earth excavation .. at 2s. G74 lineal yards of brick sewer in cement, including labor .. •• at 57s. 'Jd_ 4 old severs let into main at i-'l j 8 cross drains to take otl" surface water 1 stop gate for tUishing SECTION No. 8. : Skwer No !:i.— Estimate of Sewer in Welli7igton street, from McGill street to the Canal Bridge— average depth below the surface IG' 0" ; ami from the latter to the Railway Crossing— average depth 12' 8". 10,829 cubic yards of earth excavation . . at 2s. 7'7G4 do. do. from Canal Bridge to the Railway Crossing .. •• •,' '^^-^?* I''?' 2'Vll lineal yards of brick sewer, including labor of brick '"raving, &c. • •• ••. t^^'^^f ')306 cub yards of earth back hlling and ramming at Gd Stone culvert and stop gate to connect with tailrace of the Water Works at Grand Trunk street, for tlushing the sewers . . • • / • : 10 old sewers lowered and let into main 1.5 old house drains let into maia 10 new cross drains 30 junctions for new house drains 4 side entrances for repairs Total cost of sewers No. 3, 4 and 5. . at GOs at £10 at 40s. at £70 d. 600 150 1523 140 IGO 70 200 1937 GO 120 100 12 15 1082 582 5340 132 300 150 45 100 60 280 18 15 18 G 12 10 s. 2844 ■S 3583 13 14501 48 SECTION No. 9. Sbwbii No. G.— Estimate of the Sewn up St. Charles Borromee street, turning to the west through Berthelet street, thence to Sherbrooke street, and along to oppo- site the Priests' Farm gale, also the brunch going east through the mmmp at the foot of Cote a Baron. Scwcr lip St. Cliarlea Borromee street— average depth below tlie surface 15/ 11" ; sewer G' 0" x 4' 0' . 9511 cubic yards of earth excavation from Craig street to the Creek • • , • * 'V*;^' r.OOO cubic yards of back filling and ramming at Gd mi lineal vurds of brick sewer in cement nij>l^. Gd. oOOO feet timber shoreing left in trench at X8 per M. 1000 feet of cradling for bottom of invert . . at 29. )0« cubic yards of concrete for forming of bottom to sup- i)ort invert in different places . . • • at 20s. 20 old house drains altered • • . • • • • ^^ *'"^' 15 old cross drains altered and let into main 20 junctions left for drains to houses and lots at 40s. 4 new cross drains '^t -^^^ Estimate of portion of Sewer from St. Charles Borromee street to Bleury street— average depth below the sur- face 12' 8" ; size of sewer 0* Q" x 4' 0'/. SROO cubic yards of earth excavation . . . . at Is Gd. '■000 cub yards of earth back fdling and ramming at Gd. 4^)0 lineai vards of brick sewer in cement, including labor, ■ centering, &c .- •• at 5T9. Gd 1 old sewer let in and altered 1 junctions left for drains to houses . . . . at 403 Estimate of portion of Sewer from Victoria street to Bleury street, through Berthelet street— average depth below the surface 14' 9'/ ; sewer C' 0// x i' 0". .^)3G5 cucic yards of earth excavation . . . . at Is. Gd. 3000 cubic vards of back filling and ramming at Gd. 546 lineal yards of brick sower in cement, including lii1)or, centering 'I't 5l3. Cd. Altering and letting in 2 old sewers 4 cross drains altered at 100s. 5 new cross drains . • • • • • • • "t xlO 8 old house drains altered at GOs. 12 junctions for drains to houses and lots .. at 403. Estimate of portion of the Sewer between Metcalf and Victoria streets— average depth below the surface IS'O/'; sewer 6' 0" x 4' 0". 4105 cubic yards of earth excavation . . . . at Is. Gd. Carried over £ 50 1293 15 20 402 75 15G9 30 20 80 24 24 SOT 5 15 d. 951 2 125 2.'')(i4 10 1() 100 100 GO •75 40 40 12 4071 d. 12 1GC4 2225 307 t 12 i 6 2 6 7960 14 6 2500 oub.ya 474 lineal yi lU jiinctitun G cross draii Estimate of sill' Ihv tlw surf 10,0'20 cubi( (MOO cub. yii 1310 lineal 6 outlets foi 10 new crof 15 junction! Estimate of the Swi 2'252 cubic 3,')C0 cubic 901 lineal j Junction t(i 20 junction 4 do. 49 d. 12 Broiiglit over 2riOO rub. yards of iwlh bnck lillhifr mv\ rauinrmK at 0(1. 474 linfiil yiinU of luick sowrr in ceiiK'nt at 57s. Od. li; )iiiictioii-t for Mfw liDiisi' (Iniiiw •• • •_ 'it 40't. c, mi-is drains to taiio oil' smfaco water . . at i,10 Esfmatcof portion of Sewer from MeUulf street to oppo-\ die the f;iitv at Priestx' Fdnii—averaffc depth below tlie surf ire VI' G"; size of Sewer 5' 3" x 3' «". in,0'20 cubic yards of earth excavation .. at Is Gd. G400 cub. yards of cartii back tiUiug and ramming at Gd i:UO lineal yards of brick sewer in cement . . at 4Gs. G outlets for new sewers 'it K'^^- 10 new cross drains 'it -t-l^ 15 junctions for house drains and lot3 .. #. at 40s. EMimatc of portion of Sewer under Coteau Baron through the Swamp — acerage depth below the mrfv \' G". 2'252 cubic yards of excavation and fdling .. at Is. •{500 cubic yards of earth to cover sewer • . at Is. 901 lineal yards of brick sewer in cement at 373. Gd. function t(') receive the creek beyond St. Denis street 20 junctions for new drains to houses and lots at 40s. 4 do. for new sewers .. •• Total cost of sewer No. 6 . ut 100s 307 70 1302 32 GO 12 15 7,'-. I IGO 3033 30 100 30 112 175 IGS'.t GO 40 20 10 14 12 7 70GO *. \d. I U ' 1H32 410.5 200G I 19 I 15995 ' 5 2 6 I 14 6 50 SECTION No. 10. Sbwer No, 1.— Estimate of Sewer from Junction at Du- fresne street up Fullum street and west to Visitation street— average depth up Fullum street 20' 6". 4804 cubic yards of earth excavation . . . . at 23. 3000 cub. yards of earth back filling and ramming at 6d. 392 line ' yards of brick sewer at £5 4s. 6 cross drains .. .. .. •• •• at £10 20 junctions for house drains . . • . • • at 403. Timber for shoreing left in sewer trench Portion of Sewer from Fullum street, through the low ground to Visitation street — average depth 17' 2". 13,428 cubic yards of earth excavation . . at 23, 6200 cub. yards of earth back filling and ramming at 6d, Timber shoreing left in trench 1173 lineal yards of brick sewer • • . . at 57s. 6d 20 junctions for drains to houses and lots . . at 40s. 10 do. for new sewers at 100s. 15 new cross drains to take off surface water Junction to receive the creek coming from the low grounds east of Fullum street Total cost of sewer No. 7 480 75 2038 60 40 20 1342 155 40 3372 40 50 150 a. 16 7 100 2713 16 5250 79£3 ' 19 Estimate of Boundi Main C Papine tioned, the fir low tht Cost of rev more exp 39,075 cub: 91,359 79,300 cub 15,943 cub work 18 2 stop gate 5 side enti 3000 feet ( 20 cross d face wa 12 junctio 30 do. 6000 feet ( banks fi Pumping Additiona sewer b street 61 16 3 6 19 6 ESTIMATE OF THE COST OF PROPOSED OUTLET No. 2. Estimate of the cost of proposed Outlet No. 2, at the City Boundary, opposite St. Mary's Toll gate, and of the Main Outlet Sewer in connection therewith, from near Papineau Road t o the river at the place above men- tioned, instead of ai RuUseau Migeon,as proposed in the first scheme— Sewer 18' x 12^• average depth be low the surface 36' 6//. Cost of revetment and protecting walls at Outlet, being more exposed than at Ruisseau Migeon _ .• •• 39,075 cubic yards of earth excavation m mvert at 4s, 91359 do. do. do. overarch at 2s 79' 300 cub. yards of earth back filling and rammmg at Is 15',943 cubic yards of coursed rubble masonry m cement ; work 18 inches thick . . '; , '• " 2 stop gates and machinery to lift them 5 side entrances for examination, &c . . •• •• 3000 feet of timber cradling for foundation . . at 4s. 20 cross drains at crossing of streets to take oft tl^e s^.r- face water «♦ i^-in 12 junctions for new sewers . • • • • • f^^^ 30 do for drains opposite houses and lots at 100s. 6000 feet of timber shoreing left in sewer trench to keep banks from slipping '^^*''^- Pumping and bailing out water Additional cost by this scheme of portion of connecting sewer between the main sewer and thegewermFullum street Total cost of Outlet No. 2 £ 8. 4500 7815 9135 39G5 31886 220 500 600 240 180 150 150 400 59741 3050 d. 18 18 62791 18 62791 18 I 62 PROPOSED IMPROVEMENTS IN CONNECTION AVITH THE SEWEES. Estimate of the cost of erecting public Necessaries and Urinals in the following parts of the City, viz.: — PUBLIC URINALS. 1 at the junction of Fortification lane and Haymarket square 1 « Fortification lane and St. Francois Xavier street 2 at St. Ann's Market, by the Nunnery wall . • 2 at Bonsecours Market 2 at Papineau square 2 at St. Lawrence Market 3 opposite Canal wharf,. 2 at tlic Champ dc Mars . 1 at Parthenais square . 2 by the Gaol wall • • < PUBLIC NECESSARIES. 1 at St. Ann's Market •• 1 at Chaboillez square . . 1 at Papineau square 1 near St. Lawrence Market 1 near Viger square 1 near the Canal wharf Total cost of Public Urinals and Necessaries 20 20 40 40 40 40 60 40 20 40 600 600 600 600 600 600 s. rf. 360 3600 3960 (I. 1 d. 53 GENEEAL SUMMAEY OE THE ESTIMATES. Sewek No. SCHEME No. 1. Outletting at Ruisseau Migeon. .E«EBr ' ^^ yictoria street From Metcalfe street, '^^'-g ^ f °«> ? \?„' vith Berthelet st then along Victoria f ^^^^^ ) • pomt m ^ . ^^^...^ From Victoria street, aloi.glku the etbtrcetii ]5orromee st. F^;:^Si^i^^eet to eiltrance-of loV ground east of FuUum From entra;;e to iow ground east of Fullum street to Visitation ^:^^ ^"^« ^^^^ ^!°"^ iFrom Sirstreet along St Catherine ^treet to McGUl College SecCof sewer along Papineau Road From McGiU CoUege avenue to Berthelet street 10300 / // 28 1 36 2 1 in 2575 1 1 in 1213 1 in 1125 29 ll in 1213 19 G 10 9 5490 12 9 1 in 467 2301 5000 4G25 5081 1 in 1184 1 in 1111 40 10 18 7 12 13 7 1 in 1624 1 in 1G24 1 in 1541 1 in 432 3655 16 11 1 in 2436 3310 5120 1202 2GG5 1421 1637 1350 2675 2703 1175 3520 1055 5250 12 8 11 13 7 11 5 13 6 14 10 12 8 15 11 1 in 473 1 in 445 1 in 517 1 in 85 1 in 48 1 in 113 1 in 54 1 in 80 4 6 1 in 540 20 6 1 in 141 17 2 I in 141 1 in 141 12 3 12 2 11 2 30 3 30 6 1 in 47 14 9 ll in 213 I in 618 I in 106 1 in 728 66 TABLE No, 1—Gontinved. SUMMARY OF THE LENGTH OF THE MAIN SEWERS, Sewer from Water Works Road, through Bonaventure street, Craig street, and low ground (behind the Gaol), to RuisseauMigeon Sewer from Water Works Road, through William street, Commissioner street, to junction with Craig street sewer . . Sewer from junction of main sewer from Papineau Road to outlet opposite St. Mary's Toll gate Sewer from Cote a Baron across Papineau Road, along Fullum street, to junc- tion with main sewer at Dufresne street Sewer from Priests' Farm, Shcrbrooke street, along said street, Victoria street, Berthelet street, and through St. Charles Borromee street, to Craig street Sewer from junction at St. Charles Borromee street, through the low ground, to Cote ii Baron . . Sewer from junction with Commissioner street sewer at McGill street, through Wellington street, to Grand Trunk Railway Relieving sewer, Papineau Road, from its junction with main sewer to outlet at Moison's wharf, Mouarque street Relieving sewer, McGill street . Total length in feet Being 14 miles 1241 yards. Table she Ctass. 1 2 3 4 5 t) 7 8 9 3 4 5 6 57 TABLE No. 2. 1 Foot 800 013 860 750 032 703 ;365 i032 590 [745 ' ancZ Drains proposed for the sewerage oj me i.uy j CU88. Dimensions. 1 18 X 12 2 10 6 X 7 3 7 6x50 4 6 0x40 5 5 3x36 tl 4 6x30 7 3 9 X 2 6 8 3 0x20 9 2 3x16 Sectional Area In Squaro l'"<'ei. 173.0 55.11 29.68 18.53 14.68 10.62 7.32 4.82 2.92 Frictional Area In Lintuil Fi-'ft. 48.17 26.75 19.85 15.94 14.16 11.78 9.92 7.97 5.85 Remarks. Rubble masonry. Four 4 in brick rinjrs. Three "^i"- Two tlo. " do. n ilo. " do. One single brick rinK- do. GLAZED STONEWARE PIPE DRAINS, Propoml for House Drains and Small Sewers. Friction il area in Liueal luclics. Remarks. 56.5 Drain in small street 47.1 a 37.6 « 28.2 House drains. 18.8 l. From Pnpineau Road to Ruisseau Migeon (new road proposed to bo 100 feet wide) Along St. Bonavcnture street, from St. Marga-et street to City Boundary Along William street, from Ann street to Richmond street Along Wellington street, from Wellington Bridp-e to Grand Trunk Railway From St. Charles Borromde street, along luw ground, to Cote a Baron Sherbrooke street ?ewer, from Drummond street to McGill College avenue From Bleury street to St. Catherine street From junction of Victoria street with Sherbrooke street, then along Victoria sUcet to a point in line with Berthelet street, thence to Union Avenue / // 5.3 2.6 2.0 2.2 7.2 1.6 4.5 3.10 Width of Street lllfl'Ct. 100 40 Ave 55 t30 GO 1)1) GO 60 Ijcngtb of Strcot In feet. 10300 5030 3165 3095 2578 1500 2000 Cuttle yards of lllli UK reiiiiireil. 200,277 18,629 12,894 14,856 41,013 7,.'iOO 20,000 . ) 1 1027 I 10,354 61 TABLE No. 5. r/i ; yardi UliiiK iiiro'l. 1,277 ),G'29 2,894 1,85G 1,013 7,r)00 0,000 0,354 \ Table 0/ //... RainrotI ond Snowfall in the City of MonUealJor tkc y.ar 1850, and Mn. the year 1830 to 1840, inclusive. 1856 1. SNOW. IlliMAUKS. 1 •§ y,,,.», Reduct^a January F'ebruary Marcli . . April . . 0.18 1.61 20.50 2.72 12.75 1 1.37 '24.01 1 1.95 Inap. i 2.72 1.55 1.95 1 1.51 2.77 1 . 14 Tlie observations were taken ia 185G bv Dr. Hull, and for the other May . . •2.77 years by Judge .McCord. June . . July . • 1.14 2.49 ' 2.49 /i.;is August • 1 ^?-^r ' : 1 Ti September October TCovciTibcr 1.41 4.09 2.21 ' G.Ol 1 '•-'•■ 1 4.09 O.n 2.34 December 0.02 H2.o;{ \i.j.i .>. -.T Total fill during 1850 Average per mouth '30 . 58 1 1 2.54 " 185fi. 1857. . - - — 1 1 U 00 a '5 SNOW. Hi 1 1 8N0W. — 32 = «:: '32 Rodiii't'tl c^a RcHliiced ife2 .. 05 i*n"w to cubic, ill iiiilio-< i,„.i„..s in in