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Les diagrammes suivants illustrent la m6thode. )rrata to pelure, tn d □ 32X 1 2 3 1 i 2 3 4 5 6 Schxy Profewn TheDc Cod Cours * the the voo< the lt*B and Tom Tom tious Teacher teit Pro- CANADA NATIONAL LIBRARY BIBLIOTHte)UE NATIONALE mog oved Eng. ts. )lleo. r the and AnElc aS Fr< Ibfa A Juv tioi Fr< En J Juvenile French Course, first year. New and revised edition. Price, 1 5o. Juvenile French Course, second year. New and revised edition. Price, 15o. Lectures Choisies pour la Jeunesse ; Contonant une foa)^ d' Anecdotes amusantea, d'Historiettes, de Contes ot de Fables, etc., aveo an Diotionnaire des mots Franyais, traduits en Anglais. I School Boohs Published hy Davoson Bros. By dr. DAWSON, F.R.S., F.G.S., &o. Principal of the University of McGiU College. A Hand-Book of Zoology; With examples from Cunudian Species, licceot and Fossil. Part 1, Inver- tebrata. Price, SI. 25. This Hand-Book is neatly printed, and profusely illustrated Dy nearly 300 wood-engravings. Prepared by tho author for use in his own clasnes, it is peculiarly adapted as a text book for Canadian Schools, as the subjects selected for illustration have been chosen from the animals found in the wocds and waters of tho Country, or from the leading species of its fossil remains. The advantage and importance of this will be recog- iU2tid by all teachers who have taught this branch of science. By henry H. miles, M.A., LL.D., Secretary ta-the Ikpartment of Public Instruction for tTie Province of Quebec, The School History of Canada; Prepared for use in the Elementary and Model Schools, withinany Wood Engravings, a Map of New France and New England, and a Map of tho Operations at the siege of Quebec in 1 759, with Appendices, giving an outline of the Constitution of the Dominior^ of Canada, a Table of Chronology and Questioug for Examination. Price, 60 cents. The Child's History of Canada; Prepared for the use of Elementary Schools, and of the Young Reader, with Maps and Illustrations. Price, 30 cents. Histoire du Canada pour les Enfants ; ^ Tusap^e des Ecoles El^mentaires— Traduit do 1 Edition Anglaise, par L. De-visme, B.A., de I'Univeislt^ de France. Price, 25 cents. The History of Canada under the French Re- gime, 1535 — 1763. This volume is recommended as a Reading Book in the higher Academies. It is a volume of 635 pages, Ai. ) is illustrated by Many Maps and Plans. An Appendix is given containing Notes and Documents cxplan« atory of the Text. Price, $2. This series of Histories has been approved by the Council of Public Instruction for use in the English and French Schools. m ^ /: vry fie nigh time tribe cry lie sigh crime fife fry pie thigh blithe knife tie tithe wife dye vie writhe live hie dine five type flies wine dive style • whine hive lyre mire * . , • COMPLETE MANUAL OF SPELLING. ft Dictation Exercise ii. — i. It is high time to tie up the horse and go and dine. 2. Let us try to play on the lyre. 3. 1 want a better die for the seal ; file a little off it. 4. He has with him five Hve fish. 5. The rye- field is nearly a mile long. 6. Try and dye the cloth a deep red. 4. The other ways of writing down a long i (i) are — UY buy guy ui and I alone, guide disguise pint bind rind guile beguile mild kind blind guise child find grind wild mind wind* eye; aye; eider; height; aisle. Dictation Exercise 12.— i. The miller did not grind a pint of rye. 2. His eye lighted on the child in the aisle. 3. The muff was of eider-down. 4. I will cross the heath under his guidance. 5. The man in disguise put us to flight. 6. Jt is a great delight to sit in sight of the bright sparkling sea. 5. The words in ight seem to have a middle i, neither long nor short : bright knight delight flight slight sprightly fright Wright Brighton misguide guidance Peculiar cases fight tight might night right sight light blight • The verb. But Dr. Johnson pronounced the noun also long, and used to say : "I can ftnd it in my mind to call it wind ; but I cannot find it my mind to call it wind." i X9 COMPLETE MANUAL OF SPELLING, doU wrong notch loll dock blotch hot knock moss odd CHAPTER IV. 0. t. The most usual and almost the only way of repre senting a short o (6) is by Sometimes there is o alone a final e dodge bronze lodge copse solve 2. The difficulty of combining the sound of the w or qu with the sound of the a gives to the a a short o sound. A.nd thus we have o represented by a : — what wand wash swab swan watch wasp squad swamp was waltz squash want war wad quarrel Peculiar are: Uurel ; knowledge. Dictation Exercise 13. — i. Was the watch not at the lodge when you called? 2. The swan lodged in the swamp. 3. There is no want of wadding. 4. The gamekeeper knocked a pheasant over in the copse. 5. The quarrel went on too long ; no one seemed able to end it or to solve the problem. 6. A wasp in a waltz were an odd sight. 3. There are nine ways of representing to the eye the long o (0). The most usual are — o — E and OA globe wove coal boat oats clothe throve moan goad cloak grove strove soap oath soak loaf loathe oaf Dictation Exercise 14. — i. Bring the boat home as fast as you can. 2. Pull it up on the shore out of the foam. 3. I hope the man who stole the coal has been caught. 4. The oats in the home-field throve and brought a large crop. 5. The dog is moaning; give him a bone. 6. Soak the oats before you give them to tlie pony. COMl'LETE MANUAL OF SPELLING. 13 4. Other ways are- ow low know growth show bowl own grown ou moult mould soul thou.^h althouLih dough OE doe foe hoe roe toe woe sloe and even o alone most post ghost folk yolk roll stroll owe Peculiar cases are: sew, sEwn ; yeoman, yeomanry hautboy ; beau, bureau, flanVjoau ; mauve. Dictation Exercise 15. — i. I did not know the bowl was broken. 2. The growth of the sloe-tree is very slow. 3. Though you owe the old folk both the hoe and the mould, you must wait till the quarrel is blown over. 4. " I fear no foe with thee at hand to bless ; ills have no pain and tears no bitterness." 5. I was loth to lose the gold. CHAPTER . V. U. I. A short u (G) is represented to the fferent symbols. The most usual are — eye by eleven u — e ou and Eo but butt us fuss buzz brush ton son won front month monk done none come some love dove rough tough touch young scourge surgeon sturgeon bludgeon dungeon luncheon truncheon judge nudge drudge nurse 00 blood flood glove sponge worse once pigeon widgeon purse fiirze a tongue ii #4' COMPLETE MANUAL OF UPLLLISG. Dictation Exercise i6. — Come ! be done with this fuss. 2. The judge comes here once a month. 3. The pigeon rose out of the furze. 4. The blood of the French has run in floods ; and both French and Germans have felt the scourge of war. 5. The young surgeon came in to luncheon. 6. The monk stood in front of the trough. 2. Short ii is also represented by 10 in the endings ION siON and TION lA in ciAN by ou in billion passion ration logician the ending million version nation magician ous pillion vision station physician hideous trillion mission action optician piteous minion profession mention musician righteous pinion discussion fiction plenteous incursion junction bounteous pigeon fashion caution courteous Dictation Exercise 17. — i. His version of the vision was a fiction. 2. The musician fell into a passion. 3. The discussion went on in a most courteous fashion. 4. The poor pensioner made no mention of the lotion which the physician gave him. 5. Long ago, it was the fashion for the lady to ride behind the gentleman on a pillion. 6. The pigeon flew above the station and alighted on the signal-post at the junction. 3. The disturbing force of the letter r gives e, i, o, and ea the sound of short u (ii) ; and thus we have it represented by i, e, ea, and even o. I E and BA birth shirt earth word world mirth sir berth worm worse bird stir murder work worst third whirr murderer worth sailor girth irk invader birch chirp gardener traveller Peculiar cases are: mvrrh; ocEAn; porpoise; tor- toise ; doEs. #:^ COMPLETE MANUAL OF SPELLING. 1$ IifCTATiON Exercise i8. — i. Does the sailor wish to catch the tortoise? 2. The gardener worked hard to turn up all the earth in that bed. 3. The traveller made a great stir about the porpoise. 4. That is the third bird I heard whirr through the wood. 5. I have lost all I am worth in the world. 6. The robber said to the traveller: "Stir not a step, sir ! or I'll murder you !" 4. The middle different symbols : sound of u is represented by five u full put puss push bush 00 good stood look loose goose ou would could should UE construe and <> wolf Dictation Exercise 19. — i. Puss has got loose, a:^d has run into the wood after the goose. 2. Would you be so kind as to shoot the wolf? He is lying in that bush. 3. Could he construe the tough passage in the third book ? 4. He took the rook and pulled his neck. 5. The long sound of u (u) is represented to the eye in nine different ways. Of these the most usual are — u — E rude rule brute flute 00 coo too cool school moon smooth OU you youth soup uncouth o — E move prove approve whose lose 00 — E groove choose soothe and UE blue flue glue true rue Dictation Exercise 20. — i. Even the at the sound of the flute, which soothed his 2. Sweep the school quite clean with the 3. The uncouth youth, whose soup was spilt dress, swooned and became quite blue. 4. him out into the cool air, and unloosened 5. Is it true that you took your flute with brute melted ruder mood, new broom, on the lady's We brought his neck- tie. you on youi B 'It COMPLETE MANUAL OF SPELLING. tour ? 6. The lawn is very smooth ; let us lose no time; but move off the roller and begin the game. 6. The other ways ot representing a long u (u) are not so common. They are — KW blew flew new yew view ewe UI suit fruit recruit OE shoe canoe EC galleon do to two and OUGU tlirough sluice cruise bruise Dictation Exercise 21. — i. The two new recruit£ lost their shoes, 2. 'I'iie water rushed through the sluice. 3. The wind blew down ail the fruit. 4. Is the ewe still in view near the yew? 5. Do you, too, see the galleon through the glass ? 6. 'Fhe friendly Jew went a cruise with us through the China seas. Test Kxerolse on Ions A. ALL SYMBOLS MIXED. fpale ( they (ail ( tray /sway ( tale (weigh \ tail fswear ( feign (whey \ fain /faint i prey (feint } pray (steak { great I stake (grate /skein ( their (heir } heinous (obey ( obeisance nay neigh \ break brake maid made reign ( veil gaol gau_,e I Dictation Exercise 22. — i. He feigned to faint a. The skein was flung into the grate. 3. They lost the yeil near the gaol. 4. Did the butcher weigh the beef- steak? 5. The maid made the tray fall in the whej. 6. He looks pale ; does he not ? COMPLETE MANUAL OF SPELLING. Teat KzMroise on broad A. ALL SYMBOLS MIXED. false gauze chalk quart laurel yawn cord war falcon broth nought stork squaw daub sauce brawl fraud fought storm fault swarm thwart sought orphan Dictation Exe.'^cise 23. — i. The squaw fought for the broth, but gave the sauce to the orphan. 2. The stork was at war with the falcon. 3. The laurel was torn up by the storm. 4. A swarm of bees alighted on the quart pot. 5. He sought for a cord and a lump of chalk. 6. It was not my fault that all your plans were thwarted. Test ExeroUe ou short K. ALL SYMBOLS MIXED. sent seamstress shelf weather scent any shelve Michaelmas thi-eat ate meadow sketch heifer strength befriend waistcoat friend realm saith jeopardy leopard leisure wreck bury Dictation Exercise 24. — i. My friend never has any leisure to sketch. 2. The weather was very severe at Michaelmas, and there were many wrecks along the coast. 3. Let us bury all old differences, and go ta work with new strength. 4. The heifer fed in the meadow. 5. In all the realm is no such friend as he. 6. The seamstress said nothing, but put the scent on the- shelf. Test Exorcise on long & ALL SYMBOLS MIXED. glebe eke yield impede breeze beet receipt yeast extreme beat preach key ceiling theme adhere quay peace squeeze wheeze breathe beach conceit quay sweep niece ravine mere austere weird league either aether cede precede people piece. (I i8 COMPLETE MANUAL OF SPELLING. • Dictation Exercise 25. — i. The breeze beat upon the beach, and came sweeping round the quay. 2. The enemy yielded and peace was made. 3. We must cede more than a league of land. 4. The preacher is ex- tremely conceited and austere. 5. Either he or I must proceed to write the theme. 6. He is wheezy and finds it hard to breathe. TMt XxerolM on abort I. ALL SYMBOLS MIXED. bliss rinse mountaineer surfeit . which alley carriage counterfeit switch honey miniature conclusive restive busy courage cabbage business parliament bargain conclusive foreign sieve glimpse foreigner zinc covey pretty mischief chaplain commemorative? monkey visage biscuit suggestion breeches women Dictation Exercise 26. — i. The monkey stole the biscuit out of the sieve. 2. The mountaineer came on a covey of partridges. 3. She rode home in a pretty car- riage. 4. Let us have a glimpse of the mmiature. 5. The honey was a great bargain at the price. 6. It needed some courage to walk down the alley. Test EkerclM on long I. ALL SYMBOLS MIXED. vile buy whine quire thigh height tie vie style blithe guy blind disguise grind beguile guidance pint eye tribe aisle guide aye type nigh Test EzorolM on tbo mlddlo I. fight knight might bright Wright night fright light sight delight sprightly Brighton Dictation Exercise 27. — i. We heard the dog whine in the aisle, a. Can you guide the blind man up COMPLETE MANUAL OF SPELLING. |0 the height ? 3. I was sitting on the stile when my eye lighted on the man in disguise ; he looked a terrible guy. 4. Buy me a quire of paper at Brighton. 5. I should like to write a letter to-night to beguile the time. 6. Aye aye, my lads," said the captain, blithely. Teat Ezsrolse on short O. ALL SYMBOLS MIXED. 4« flog dodge watch notch swamp squad laurel what copse waltz prong wad knock lodge wrong squash gi-og wasp quarrel bronze solve moss swan knowledge Dictation Exercise 28. — i. We squatted down on the moss in the copse. 2. He lost all the wadding in the swamp not far from the lodge. 3. The quarrel was all wrong. 4. The awkward squad had no knowledge of drill. 5. The bronze fell and was squashed. 6. The laurel grew hard by the lodge. Test Exercise on long O. ALL SYMBOLS MIXED. joke folk drone slow growtn yeoman boast dough foe yeomanry bowl soak sew owe stroll hautboy stole scroll Shrewsbury although loaf mould sloe beau Dictation Exercise 29. — i. The thief boasted that lie stole a loaf. 2. The dough was soaking in the bowl. 3. The growth of the sloe is very slow. 4. The yeoman plays on the hautboy. 5. The beau strolled into Shrews- bury, although he owes the folk there a great deal. 6. His foes boast that the scroll could not be found. Tzzt "Szzerciuo on short U. ALL SYMBOLS MIXED. butt surgeon front billion pigeon ocean missionary worse tongue young once luncheon minion profession tortoise birch myrrh touch courteous junction B 2 MM COMPLSTB MANUAL OF SPELUNG. TMt BxerelM on aliort U— conKniMA ALL SYMBOLS MIXED. berth physician murderer dungeon birth bounteous bury covetous drudge porpoise widgeon docs sponge traveller tough musician Dictation Exercise 30. — i. Does the surgeon warn a sponge ? 2. The pigeon flew towards the ocean. 3. The front part of his berth was knocked away. 4. I could not touch even a slice of tongue at luncheon. 5. The little baby was buried soon after his birth. 6. The young man is much worse since he ate the slice of widgeon. Test Exerolse on middle ALL SYMBOLS MIXED puss' should woul stood rook wolf construe pull good bush hood could Test Ezerolse on long U. ALL SYMBOLS MIXED. brute recruit to through flue swoon two canoe youth soothe ewe bruited school flute smooth Jew pew view group uncouth galleon shoe lose glue Dictation Exercise 31. — i. Puss chased the goose through he bush. 2. The recruit looked clumsy and uncouth, as he tried to pull the two canoes on shore. 3. The youth fired at a group of rooks, as he was returning from school. 4. The two recruits sat in the pew. 5. Should the wolf get loose, he will soon be out of view* COMPLETE, MANUAL Ut SHELLING* 81 CHAPTER VI. DIPHTHONGS. 1. A DIPHTHONG is a souiid made by the quick union of two vowels. It is usually written down by the help of two vowels , and, lik'.- the vowels, each dipluhong may be written clown in several ways. Thus oi ai)pears as OI Ol — E or OY (al t the et oil void hoist noise a word) broil av j'd rroist poise boy cloy coil com point coy Troy soil jom voice hoy toil JOUM quoit choice rejc" " joy toy buoy Dictation Exercise 32. — i The noise of the ad- vancing tiain maJ^i the boy hurry to the point. 2. The Jioy was mocretl to the buoy. 3. The soil is hard with frost ; It will take a good deal of toil to turn it over. 4. He h.id his choice of the quoits. 5. Her voice was buried among trees, yet to be come at by the breeze. 2. The diphthong eu may be written down in eleven different ways. Tiie most common are — UE cue due hue sue ague value Tuesday U — E mule plume tune tube duke use ui suit suitor lawsuit nuisance juice juicy and EU feud neuter neutral Europe EW dew hew chew yew ewer sinew view ewe Peculiar cases : beauty; beautiful; purlieu; you. Dictation Exercise 33.— i. T saw the view last Tuesday. 2 The mule is of no value ; he has the ague, and cannot chew. 3. The ewe fed on the juicy grass near the yew. 4. The tube was broken. 5. Half of Europe was neutral in the feud. 6. The whole suit is a nuisance ; let us have as few words as possible about iL ' i •9 COMPLETE MANUAL OF SPELLING. l!' : i III 3. The diphthongal sound of ou is written down •either as — ou thou pouch vouch cloud wound* •oust sprout drought wind ou — E ounce pounce flounce house spouse souse or as ow cow down how gown cowl town owl howl browse Dictation Exercisb 34. — i. The mouse ran out of the house, and fell souse into the pond. 2. Not an ounce of thread is wound upon any of the reels. 3. The clouds passed over the town, but came down in rain, when they touched the hills. 4. The cows will browse >n tlie tresr low? 1 new-sproutmg grass. 5. H ow IS your Test Exeroiao on the Dlphtbongs. broil nuisance purlieu cow cloy dupe plume suitor buoy coin feud few suit voice avoid suitable chew juice sinew point quoit juicy sailor coy rejoice mouse howl due beauty ewer vouch stew beautiful duke bounce mule pounce ague value sue gout moist wound thou browse dew gown cowl lure drought tube rue lawsuit cloy house noise ounce Tuesday cloud joint Dictation Exercise 35. — i. The voices of the sailors rang through the house. 2. The ewer is very beautiful ; but it is not suitable for this room. 3. If you . persist in that lawsuit, you will rue it. 4, " Few, few shall part where many meet ; the snow shall be their winding- sheet." 5. The juice of that fruit is somewhat cloying. 6. He carried his point last Tuesday in the House of Commons. * Past tense of wtnd. COMPLETE MANUAL OF SPELLING. 2y CHAPTER VII. THE VOWELS AND DIPHTHONGS IN DISSYLLABLES. The different ways of writing down the vowel soundr. having been fully learned, it will be easy to get up the following examples of the same phenomena in dissyllables. They are mixed intentionally, so that the columns may. also serve as test exercises. Test Sxerciae on Words of Two or more Syllables Ib» A souuda. ALL SYMBOLS MIXED. )'• babble wariness hartshorn cabbage airing acorn wakeful disdainful breakers lavish knavish caper daisy dauntless paltry lazy pavement awful haughty fairy neighbour palisade hearthstone bargain falcon grater author awning scarlet greater baby ungrateful gaudy causeway ragged razor hearty balsam lamprey walnut basin barrow sabbath awful basket daughter dangc^rous cargo heinous falsehood majority partridge Dictation Exercise 36.— i. Her scarlet dress- looked rather gaudy as she walked along the pavement^ 2. My little baby daughter had a basket full of daisies 3. The causeway was choked with wheelbarrows. 4, They were far from lazy, but danced and capered about under the awning like fairies. 5. The sailors must be ia. wariness when they catch sight of the breakers. 6. He- looked haughty, but no doubt felt paltry. Test XxerelM on Words of Two or more SylUUes Im equal greedy steady fieldfare- belfry briefly nephew cedar cleanliness even beetle ceiling wealthy r";ii felon peevish »4 COMPLETE MANUAL OF SPELLING. rest »yr«rta B on Words of Two or more Syllables la K ■oimds. biscuit fierceness cleverly vellum wherry secret chemist tenantry zebra breathless nectarine heifer feebleness venturesome fatigue leopard grievance eastward pensively leisure dreariness weapon female beaver negress leisure many juarine yielding senate pheasant restive Dictation Exercise 37. — i. The ceiling is not very clean ; the maid must have no leisure till it be rubbed down. 2. His nephew was very feeble all last night. 3. The senate would not yield a point, on the question of the steeplechase, to the wealthy peer. 4, A steady and persevering endeavour will carry you on. 5. The tenantry were forbidden to touch the pheasants. 6. Breathless with fatigue, he threw down his weapon. Test Xxeroiss on Words of Two or mors Syllables la I sounds. bygone sprightly skilful cipher villain widow image by-path symptom riddance mimicry frightful pretty quibble frigate Guy Fawkes «hingle cygnet dizziness tincture high birth dyer brick-kiln stinginess sightseeing quietness beguile single cypress eyesore cricket iron physic knighthood gizzard irony wicked giant England eider-duck syrup trigger diet climate piecrust wilderness ivy briar disguise system hyphen spiteful Dictation Exercise 38. — i. The knight was a man of high birth. 2. Frightful images of Guy Fawkes are carried through the streets every fifth of November. 3. There is no disguising the fact that the giant ate too much piecrust 4. The ruined windmill is an eyesore in the landscape. 5. When the boy got to the top of the mainmast of the fi-igate, he felt very dizzy. 6. Eider- ducks are seldom seen in tlus climate. COMPLETE MANUAL OP SPELLING. as Test Exercise on Words in Two or more Syllables in O sounds. blockhead boulder slothfulness broadside lauiel yellowness cobbler costly conqueror office column pony bondage doleful comicality ponies boa-constrictor swallow pompous boulder forecast foeman solemn walrus ghostly poultice flambeau crocus orchard knowledge foreign orphan frozen quarry sorrowful noticeable bloater window torrent nobility slothful forehead glory orally yeoman coffee poacher moaning Dictation Exercise 39. — i. The conqueror could not have forecast such sorrowful knowledge. 2. II is motive was glorv out he was slothful and pompous in his style of commaiul. 3, The ponies picked their steps with great care among the boulders. 4. Bureau is the French word for office. 5. The glory of the temple was gone with its broken columns. 6. The swallows flew about in the orchard. Test Exercise on Words of Two or more Syllables in u sounds. blubber brother wolfish bluebell comfort bugle approve birthday bullet nuisance turban certain dewlap sewer serpent curtain plural kernel myrtle canoe motion musician cruiser worship irksome courteous recruited pewter whirring porpoise bulrush moody furnace suet murderer student smoothly Europe bosom traveller courage cushion skewer clergy fuel tutor firkin ermine learning skirmisli sturdiness tulip Dictation Exercise 40. — i. Our tutor was in a bad humour ; he had risen too early in the morning. 2. The bugle was a great nuisance on the cniise. 3. The firkin was carried off on his shoulders by the sturdy porter. 4. Bring more fuel for th" furnace, or the myrtles and 40 COMPLETE MANUAL OP SPELLING. tulips will wither. 5. The musician drank a pint of stout from the pewter and felt his strength and courage recruited. 6. My brother is no sloven, and, as a student, he has won approval from his tutor. "7est Sxerolse on the Dlpbtbongal Sounds in Words of T' or more Syllables. anoint boisterous voyage toilsome avouch decoy prowess outlaw feudal surround renounce dowry announce rejoice joyfully royalist employ- trousers espouse despoil dower beauty dismount exploit buoyant fowler destroyer renown useful hueless devout moisture surmount ague coinage envoy downward viceroy household power cloister recoil tower announce Dictation Exercise 41. — i. We walked together in the cloisters, by the tower, till the bell announced the hour of dinner. 2. The viceroy gained all the renown of that exploit. 3. The weather was very boisterous throughout the voyage. 4. The outlaw found refuge in a devout and kindly household. 5. The hopes of the royalists rose buoyant once more, as they caroused together after their toilsome journey. 6. The envoy Jliad now power to arrange about the princess's dowry. CHAPTER VIII. DOUBLE CONSONANTS. There are several consonants which have a habit of -doubling themselves, and these require special attention. It will generally be found, but not always, that the .accent strikes the doubled consonant. BB. — babble, bubble. DD. — add ; paddock ; haddock. 9F. — baffle, buft"; cuff; doff; fluff; gruff; huff; luflf; muff; puff; ruff, riff-raff; stuff; tiff, tiffin. COMPLETE MANUAL OF SPELLING. »7 CO.— dagger, drugget \ haggard ; muggy ; nugget ; quagga; stagger, swagger. LL. — all, alley, allow, alloy ; ball, bell, bellow, bill, bull ; call, cell, cull ; dally, dell, doll, dull ; ell ; fall, fell, fill, follow, folly, full ; gall, galley, gill ; hall, hell, hill, hollow, holly ; ill ; jelly, jolly ; kill, knell ; lull j mellow, mill, mull ; pall, pill, pillow, pillage. Poll, . pull; quell, quill; rally, rill; shall, shallow, shelly tall, tallow, tally, tell, till, toll ; vellum ; will, willow, wallow. MM. — grammar ; hammer, hammock ; mummer ; simme^ summer. NN. — announce, annual; banner; gannet; linnet; manner;^ minnow; winnow. pp. — dapper; rapper; clapper; stepper; ripple; stipple j topple. RR. — arrow ; barrow, burrow ; carry ; err ; furrow ; harrow, harry, hurry; lurry; marrow, marry, merry; narrow; purr; quarrel, quarry; >\herry, whirr. SS. — assail, assay, assess ; bass, bliss, boss ; cess ; essay ; foss, fuss ; glass, guess ; hiss ; Jessy ; kiss ; lass, lasso, less, lesson, loss ; mass, massacre, mess, message, miss, moss, mussel ; pass, pus3 ; tassel^ toss, tress, tussle; vassal, vessel; wassail; I.'\ssock. TT. — better ; clatter, cottage ; ditty ; fetter ; gutter 5 letter, litter; matter, mutter; natty. Dictation Exercise 42. — i. Stop babbling, and add up the sums as quickly as possible. 2. 'i'he quagga is a kind of African zebra. 3. They swaggered together down the alley. 4. I learned grammar all last summer. 5. The sailor left the hammer in his hammock. 6. We followed the bull down the 'hill as far as the hollow. Dictation Exercise 43. — i. The annual picnic was announced to take place not far from the old quarry. 2. Whirr went the covey of partridges ; when the game- keeper's gun made a massacre among them. 3. This letter is for Jessy at the cottage. 4. He cannot carry the simplest message exactly. 5. Tell Miss Jolly not to be in a hurry to marry. 6. She wrote an essay about the assaying of gold. , ^M 28 COMPLETE MAS UAL OF SPELLING* CHAPTER IX. SILENT CONSONANTS. The desire on the part of the English people to save ihemselves trouble in pronouncing a word has led to> their leaving out many letters, which we nevertheless use in writing the word. The two most remarkable examples of this are the ^z at the end and the kn at the beginning of a word. The gh used to be sounded in the throat, and still is in the North of England and in Scotland; but it is difficult of pronunciation to ordinary English people. I. GH. burgh burgher although dough high nigh neigh sigh thigh inveigh weigh though through borough furlou'^h neighbour thorough plough slough straight eight height weight blight bright delight fight flight fright light might night plight right sight slight tight Wright 2. K. knack knapsack knave knavery knavish knead knee kneel knew knife knight knit knives knob knock aught caught fraught naught taught ought bought brought sought fought thought wrought knoll knot know knowledge knuckle sounded in troublesc fi, \K initial and gh were at one time always sounded, and still are in some parts of Scotland. They were >iroat— as gutturals — a difllicult and Aliich is now quite given up.] 3. H. heir ; • r hour ah heiress iioiiourable humour Elijah honest honorary humorous sirrah honesty hostler humoursome Sarah . cc >MPLETE MAN UAL Of SPELLING. af 3- H— continued. Micah jinoceros myrrh isthmus rhapsody Rhine dishabille Thomas rhetoric rhomb shepherd Thames rhetorical rliubarb diphthong aghast rheum rhyme trii)hthong ghost rheumatic rhythm asthma gherkin rheumatism catarrh naphtha c^ wrap 4- wrest w. Wright wrong wrought wreck wrist MTUng wreak wretched writ wry wreath wring write answer wrench wrinkle writer sword wren wriggle wrote towards wrestle 5 • B- climb limb debt doubtless comb numb debtor redoubt crumb thumb indebted redoulited dumb tomb doubt subtle jamb catacombs doubtful subtlety lamb hecatomb 6. Gnostics J gnat G. sign consignment gnaw deign assign design gnash feign assignee ensign gnarl reign assignment resign gnome foreign consign arraign gnomon sovereign consignee campaign abscess 7- scent , c. scissors victuals abscind sceptre indict victualler scene scimitar indictment 8. CH. drachm schedule schism yacht 9- GH. burgh high sigh weigh although nigh thigh though dough neigh inveigh through. t % 30 COMPLETE MANUAL OF SPELLING. borough furlough neighbour thorough plough slough straight tight height could would should chaldron calf half halfpenny behalf autumn column psalm psalmist psalmody psalter pseudo pshaw Psyche aisle isle guess guest guard \ guerdon roguish roguery brogue weight blight bright delight fight flight fright light halve salve balk calk chalk stalk walk talk condemn cont-omn 9. GH- -continued. might night plight right si-lu slight Wright aught 10. L. folk yolk psalm almond auln alms balm 11. N. hymn limn 12. p. corps raspberry redemption impromptu consumptive consumption assumption island demesne 14. prorogue guaranty unguarded guarantee fugue vague plague presumptive presumption presumptuous contemptible contemptuous receipt ptisan 13- s. puisne viscount u and UE. colleague mosque eclogue prologue dialogue catalogue epilogue caught fraught naught taught ought bought brought sought calm palm palmer palmy qualm salmon malmsejT solemn Ptolemy- prompt tempt empty symptom sumptuary- sumptuous viscountess apologue decalogue pedagogue demagogue synagogue harangue COMPLETE MANUAL OF SPELLING, Test EzerolM on Silent Letters. 3J comb wretched catacombs aghast rescind corps schism scene gnome column colleague scissors subtle almond humour rheumatism honour behalf kneel guarantee knapsack knavery prorogue dialogue should rhetoric sovereign sought autumn furlough thorough rhyme psalmody sceptre mosque towards aisle doubtless salve prompt wrought neighbour answer condemn raspberry resign viscount yacht Dictation Exercise 44. — i. The wretched corps threw away their knapsacks and took to their heels. 2. She dropt the scissors in the aisle. 3. Should we take a trip in the yacht this autumn? 4. The sovereign is now very old, and will doubtless resign. 5. My roguish neighbour knelt on the hassock in the middle of the psalmody. 6. I called on you in behalf of my colleague. f . ! CHAPTER X. Almost every letter in the English alphabet has several functions. The letters c and g have each two — one hard and the other soft. The letter e is generally, but not always, put after a c or a g to soften it. lack lace glance chance rang range dig dirge bag badge jug judge pack pace prance dunce swing swinge fog forge bud budge leg ledge fact face uncle once spring springe lag large dog dodge rag rage rack race wick twice ting tinge bag barge log lodge stag stage recur receive trick trice lung lunge wag wage rig ridge hug huge Dictation Exercise 45. — i. The shooting was at a very long range, and yet the rifleman rang the bell. 2. ,i ! 1J« COMPLETE MANUAL OP SPELLING The Stag bounded across the stage. 3. The huge bear gave the huntsman a fearful hug. 4. The blaze of the forge looked dark red through the fog. 5. The badge was taken out of the bag. 'I'hey sang a dirge, while the gravediggers were digging the grave. 1 '• ■ '\ 'i i|i I I I';; ■li' it CHAP r i: R X r. THE W AND R. The two letters w and r seem to have a disturbing in- fluence upon the vowels that go with them — the w on the vowel that follows, and the R on the vowel that pre- cedes it. The w often gives to an a the sound of o; a.nd an r gives to an e the sound of a, and also makes it very difficult to distinguish between the sounds of er, IR, and UR, as in her, fir ^ fur. Special practice in words which contain these letters is dierelore necessary. was war what wad wan wash thwart watch So with QU quaff -quash quirk Turk ) shirk j serf ) turf / urge dirge merge purge serge 1 churl whirl twirl chirp curb curve nerve serve swerve } nera \ surge third J verge birth birch ) fir firth lurch j fur girth perch her mirth church sir dirk j curl t)urr jerk > furl purr lurk j girl murky hurl Exceptions: war, wag, whack, quack. Dictation Exercise 46. — i. The dry fern caught .fire and burn^ rapidly. 2. We were the first that ever } burst durst ) first j thirst urn burn fern ) chum j turn stern firm germ , term s[)erm word work world worth I worse dearth hearth \ clerk > Derby ) COMPLETE MANUAL OF SPELLING. JJ burst into that silent sea. 3. He spoke to the girl in a churlish manner. 4. He spurted the water out of his squirt all over the serge robe. 5. He was firm in giving notice for next term. 6. The bird hopped about among the herd. 7. The fieldfare perched on the birch-tree. 8. The clerk brought word that there was a dearth of provisions in Derbyshire. 9. He urged me to the very verge of the foaming surge. CHAPTER Xn. Boles of Thumb for the Inorement of Worda. RULE I. — ACCENT DOUBLES THE LAST CONSONANT. This rule covers a great deal of ground ; and, if thoroughly understood, will keep the learner straight in several thou- sand words. Take tub and tube. In tub the accent strikes the b; in tube it strikes the u. Therefore we write tubbing with two b's ; but not so in tubing. So with hop and hope. We write hopping and hoping. C<;mpare also repelled and repealed ; smiting and stnitten. ('I'he learner has thus only to notice the accent for himself.) bar, barring bear, bearing bet, betting beat, beating brag, bragging break, breaking char, charring chair, chairing cram, cramming cream, creaming crop, cropping creep, creeping dip, dipper deep, deeper drop, dropping droop, drooping flit, flitting fleet, fleeting gad, gadding goad, goading get, getting greet, greeting hap, ha[)py heap, heaping hop, hopping hope, hoping hug, hugging huge, hugely jar, jarring jeer, jeering lap, lapping leap, leaping man, mannmg mean, meaning map, mapping mope, moping net, netting neat neater pin, pinning pine, pining pip, pippen pipe, piping plan, planning plane, planing pop, popping peep, peeping ram, ramming roam, roaming i 34 rid, ridding ride, riding rip, ripping ripe, riper rob, robbing robe, robing scar, scarred scare, scared scud, scudding skate, skating set, setting seat, seating sham, shamming shame, shaming ship, shipping sheep, sheepish shop, shopping soap, soapy shun, shunning shine, shining skin, skinning screen, screening slop, slopi)y •lope, sloping COMPLETE MANUAL OF SPELLING. slip, slippery sleep, sleepy slit, slitting slight, slighting sop, sopping soap, soaping spar, sparring spare, sparing spin, spinning spine, spiny spit, spitting spite, spiling spur, spurring spear, spearing star, starry stare, staring" stem, stemming steam, steaming step, stepping steep, steeping stir, stirring steer, steering strip, stripped stripe, striped stun, stunning stone, stoning sun, sunny soon, sooner tan, tanning iune, tuning tar, tarred tear, tearing top, topping tope, toping wad, wadding wade, wading wag, wagging wage, waging war, warring wear, wearing wed, wedded weed, weeded wet, wetting weep, weeping whip, whipping wipe, wiping win, winning whine, whining Dictation- Exkrcise 47. — i. The birds were shun- ning the shining glades. 2. The ship was steaming down the river and stemmetl the foaming tide. 3. The viilors were tearing the oakum and tarring the small boat, 4. The little boy was hardlv treated : he got a whip[j!ng ibr not wiping his slate. 5. He lost the wadding as he. was wading in the stream. 6. The sooner the patient gets into the sunny air, the better. ACCENTED DISSYLLABLES. abut, abutting abuse, abusing admit, admittance admire, admiring appal, appalling appeal, appealing bestir, bestirring beseem, be?- eming COMPLETE MANUAL OF SPELLING, 35 refit, refitting fight, fighting remit, remitting remote, remoter transmit, transmitting transmute, transmuting commit, committmg commute, commuting compel, compelling compile, compiling demur, demurring demure, demurer repel, repelling repeal, repealing Dictation Exercise 48. — i. The sight was ap- palling and appealed very strongly to our feelings. 2. The committee intended commuting the punishment. 3. I am compiling all the details about the refitting of the fleet. 4. She looked demurer than ever, when we demurred to her statement. 5. There is not the re- motest chance of his remitting the money in time. 6. We felt compelled to be an admiring, though hardly a willing, audience. Exception (s ; horse, horses. {b) To s, sh^ chy X, z, and add es. Gas, gases ; lash, lashes ; church, churches ; box, oxc. , lOpaz, to- pazes ; cargo, cargoes. Exceptions : cantos, quartos, grottos, mottos, solos. {c) V turns into ves. (The reason is, the singular in old English had a v) Loaf, loaves ; knife, knives. Exceptions : (i) files, strifes; (2) roofs, puffs, turfs^ beliefs. {(i) Some nouns take en or ren. Ox, oxen ; child, children ; brother, brEthren. (^part, to part from. Z>/^pathy (compassion). Exercise id. — Write sentences wliich contain the following words : — eject autobiography paradox paragraph interpose prejudge supernatural amphibious diameter recede preternatural CHAPTER XV. I. English Suffixes. Si fixes. Force. en'} '""""'^ Ar ^ Ner ( , Ster r^^ ^h° yer ; Ess, a female Ness, state of Ern, relating to FuL, full of Less, without Some} somewhat Hood } *« ^^^^^ °^ Examples. Definitions. \ Tevxmnafe, to make an end to. \ Soft^//, to make soft. I Beggrtr, one who begs. \ Part//-^, somewhat red. I Lonef^^w^", somewhat lonely. ( Hardj///)>, misfortune. ( QhxWiood, the state of being achild. Su^xes. Force. Fy, to make Er I , Or \ °^^ Ity 1 Cy I COMPLETE MANUAL OF SPELL I ST.. 5 1 Suffixes. Force. Examples. J)efinitions. DoM, the jurisdiction of Popez/cv/, jurisdiction of the Pope. Kin 1 rLam'i )/;///, a little Iamb. Ling Gos/if/g, a little goose. OcK [ little j IlilLv/-. a little hill. Et Floweir/, a little flower. Let J ( Ring/^/, a little ring 2. Latin Suffixks. Examples. Definitions. Ami)li/V, to make ample. { Pawr, one ".ho pays. \ Act^v, one who acts. fPul)lic//r, state of being public Pri\a(^;v, quality of being private. Ance I quality, or state | Vigihrw^, state of being vigilant. Ency being Tcndr//tj, state of tending. AA\\Kixe)ice, (luality of adhering. LQuiet//^/?, state of being quiet ( WoxQ^mcnt, act of moving. ) Sei/.///r, act of seizing. 'Fate//, pertaining to fate. Hero/^-, pertaining to a hero. Africc?//, i)ertaining to Africa. Serpcnt///<", i^Tiaining to a serpent Infant/zV, pertaining to an infant ConsiiL/r, relating to a consul. Poet/Vvr/, relating to a poet J DangcMW/j-, full of danger. ( Verbrvt', full of words, f Traccanes. By gardeners thyme is tied, 'tis true, when spring is in its prime ; i o i-o But time and tide won't wait for you, if you are tied for time. Then now you see, my little dears, the way to make a pun : A trick which you, through coming years, should sedu- lously shun : The fault admits of no defence ; for wheresoe'er 'tis found, vou sacrifice the sound for sense— ih^ sense is new tv sound. So let your words and actions tooone single meaning prove • And, just in all you say or do, you'll gain esteem and love • m mirth and play no harm you'll know, when duty's task is done, ^ But parents ne'er should let you go un/««ished for s^pun. 94 COMPLETE MANUAL OF SPELLING. CHAPTER XVIII. LATIN PHRASES IN CONSTANT USE. m ¥^' A fortiori, with stronger reason. A posteriori, an argument from the effect to the cause. A priori, from the cause to the effect. Ab initio, from the begin- ning. Ab urbe condita, from the building of the city (Rome). Ad absurdum, bringing the contrary opinion to an absurdity. Ad captan'dum vulgus, to catch the rabble. Ad eundem (e-un-dem\ to the same ; to a like de- gree (m.a., &c.). Ad infinitum, to infinity. Ad lib'itum, at pleasure. Ad referendum, to be re- ferred to or considered again. Ad valorem, in proportion to the value. Adden'dum, //. Addenda, to be added ; additions to a book. Agenda, things to be done. Alias, otherwise. Alibi, elsewhere. Alma mater, a kindly mother; a term applied to the university where one was educated. Anathema, Gr., curse. Anglic^, in English. Anno Domini (a.d.), in the year of our Lord. Anno mundi, in the year of the world. Ante meridiem (a.m.), be- fore noon. Anthropoph'^gi, Gr.^ man- eaters. Apex, //. Apices, the top of anything. Aqua {a'-hua), water. Aqua vitoe, eau-de-vie, or brandy. Argumentum ad hom'inem, an argument to the man (a personal argument). Argumentum baculinum, the argument of the cudgel. Armiger, one bearing arms ; a gentleman. Audi alteram partem, hear the other side. Aut Csesar aut nullus, either Caesar or nobody. Bona fide, in good faith. Cac6e"thes loquen'di, an itch for speaking. CacOe'thes scribendi, an itch for writing. Caetera desunt, the rest is wanting. Caeteris paribus, other cir- cumstances being equal. Camera obscura, an optical instrument used in a darkened chamber for the purpose of exhibiting ob- jects without COMPLETE MANUAL OF SPELLING. CapKas, a writ of execution ; literally, take thou. Caput mortuum, the worth- less remains. Caret, a word to denote that something is want- ing. Caveat, a kind of process in law to stop proceed- ings ; a caution. Cognomen, a a surname, family name. Com'pos men'tis, of sound mind. Con'tra, against ; contrary to. Cor'nucopia, the horn of plenty. Corrigen'da, things or words to be corrected. Cui bono ? for whose good ? Cuique suum, to every man his own. Cum privilegio, with privi- lege. Curren'te calamo, with a running pen ; right off. Custos rotulo'rum, keeper of the rolls or records. Data, things granted. De facto, in f.ict or reality. De jure, in law or right. De mor'tuis nil nisi bonum, of the dead say nothing but what is good. De novo, anew ; over again. Deficit, a want or defi- ciency. Dei gratia, by the grace of God. Dele (d), blot out or erase. Delta, the Greek letter a ; a triangular tract of land at the mouth of a river. 75 I3eo volente (d.v.), God willing or permitting. Desideratum, //. Deside- rata, a thing or things desired or wanted. Dexter, the right hand. Dictum, a positive assertion. Distringas, a writ for dis- training. Divide et impera, divide and govern. Dramatis persoUcne, the cliaracters in a play. Duodecimo (du-o-dess-e'- mo), having twelve leaves to the sheet. E i)lurlbus unum, one out of manv — motto of the United States. Ec'ce homo, behold man. Px'ce sii^num, behold the the Ecjuilibrium, equality of sign. weight. Ergo, therefore. Erratum, pi P^iTata, a mis- take, or mistakes. Esto jjerpetua, may it last for ever. Et castera (or^, without pre- meditalion ; oil-hand. Excerpta, extracts from a work. Exemph gratia {e.g.)^ for example. Exeunt onmes, all go off. Exit, he goes off; de- parture. Exuvine, cast skins of ani- mals. Fac simile', an exact copy. Felo de se, Sp., a murderer of one's self, self-murder. Fieri facias (ft. fa.) {ft'-e-ri- fa"-.she-ass), a writ to the sheriff to levy debt or damages. Finem res[)ice, look to the end. Flagrante delicto, during the commission of the crime. Fortiter in re, ftrmly in action. Genera, the plural oii^cyius. Habeas corpus, a writ di- recting a gaoler to //dvc or produce the i^Oi/y of a ])ri- soner before the court.' Haud passibus requis, not with ecjual steps. Hortus siccus (a dry gar- den), a collection of spe- cimens of dried plants. Humanum est errare, it is human to err. Ibidem, in the same place. Id est (i.e.), that is. Idem, the same. Ignis fatuus, will-o'-the-wisp ; literally, a delusive fire. .Imperium in imperio, a government within a government. Imprimatur, let it be printed. Imprunis, in the first place. Impromptu, without pre- meditation ; off-hand. In esse, in actual existence. In forma pauperis, as a pauper. In foro conscientiae, before the tribunal of con- science. In limine, at the outset. In posse, in possible exist- ence. In propria persona, in per- son. In re, in the matter or business of. In terrorem, as a warning. In toto, entirely. In transitu, on the passage. In vino Veritas, there is truth in wine. Index expurgatorius (a purifying index), a list of prohibited books. Infra dignitatem, beneath one's dignity. Instanter, instantly. Interim, in the meantime. Interregnum, the period between, two reigns. Ipse dixit, mere assertion (he himself has said). Ipso facto, by the fact itself. Item, also ; an article in a bill or account. Jure divino, by Divine right. Jure humano, by human law. Jus gentium, the law of nations. Lapsus linguae, a slip of the tongue. COMPLETE MANUAL OF SPELLING. be Laus Deo, praise be to God. Lex talionis, the law of retaliation, an eye for an eye, &c. Libra, a balance ; a sign of the zodiac. Locum tencn.s, holding the place of another; a iicu- ienant or deputy. Lit'6ra scripta manct, what is written remains. Litera'tim, letter by letter ; literally. Lusus naturae, a freak oi natural. Magna Charta (karta), the great charter. Malum in se, an evil in itself. Manda'mus, in law, a writ from a superior court ; literally, ivt^coniniatut Miincs, dei)arted spirits. Materia med'ica, substances used in the preparation of medicine. Maximum, the greatest. Memento mori, remember death. Memorabilia, things to be remembered. Mens conscia recti, a m.ind conscious of right. Mens Sana in corpore sano, a sound mind in a sound body. Meum et tuum, mine and thine. Min'imum, the least. Mit'timus (we send), a war- rant for committal to prison. Modus operandi, the mode or manner of operating. 77 Multum in parvo, much in little. Ne exeat regno, let him not leave the kingdom. Ne i)lus ultra, no farther, the utmost point. Ne (luiil nimis, too much of one thing is good for nothing. Ne sutor ultra crepKdam, the shoemaker should not go beyond his last. Nee tcmere nee timide, neirhcrrashly nor timidly. Necro'sis, Cr., mortification or deadness. Nem ine contrailiccntS (ncm, con.), none oppos- ^ ing. Nolens volens, " willy nilly." Noli me tangere, touch me not. Non compos mentis, not of sane mind. Non est inventus, he is not found ; a return to a writ. Non obstante, notwith- standing. Nosce teipsum, know thy- self. N oifi bene (n.b,), mark well. Nunc aut nunquam, now or never. Obiter dictum, a casual re- mark. Omnibus, for all. Onus probandi, the burden of proof. Ore tenus, as far as the mouth. Otium cum dignitate, lei- sure with dignity. ^ i. COMPLETE MANUAL OF SPELLING. I K 1 i 7« Par nobile fratrum, a noble pair of brothers (ironi- cally). Pari passu, with equal pace. Passim, everywhere. Pecca'vi, I have sinned. Pendente lite, the suit pending. Per cent, (for centum)^ by the hundred. Per saltum, by a leap. Per fas ct nefas, through right and wrong. Per se, by itself. Pinxit, painted it. Posse conuta'tus, the civil force of the county. Post nicridiem (p.m.), after midday. Postula'ta, things required. Prima facie, at the first view. Primi tiie (pri-mish'-e-e), first- fruits. Primuui mobile, the first mover. Princip'ia, first prniciples. Principiis obsta, oppose beginnings. Pro aris et focis, for our altars and hearths. Pro re nata, according to exigencies. Pro bono publico, for the public good. Pro et con (contra), for and against. Pro forma, for form's sake. Pro hac vice, for the occa- sion. Pro tempore, for this time. Probdtum est, it has been pioved. ^Quantum libet, as much as pleases you. Quantum sufficit, as much as is sufiicient. Quantum valeat, as much as it may be worth. Quid nunc? (what noAv?), a newsmonger. Quid pro quo, something for something. Quod erat demonstrandum or Q.E.D., that which was to be proved. Quondam, formerly. Re infecta, without accom- plishing the matter. Recipe (ress'-e -py), takethou, the first V ord of a phy- sician's prescription, and hence the prescription itself. Rcquiescat in pa'ce, may he rest in peace. Respice fintm, look to the end. Resurgam, I shall rise again. Scandalummagnatum, scan- dal against high rank. Scil'icet (sc), to wit, namely. Sci're focias, cause it to be known, or show cause. Secundum artem, according to art. Semper idem, always the same. Seriatim, in regular order. Sic passim, so everywhere. Sine die, without fixing a day. Sine qua non, without which not ; a necessary condition. Statu (juo, in the same state in which it was. Sua cuicjue voluptas, every one has his o^vn pleasure. COMPLETE MANUAL OF SPELLfNG. 7^ Suaviter in modo, fortiter in re, gently in manner, firmly in acting. Sub pcena, under a penalty. Sub .silentio, in silence. Sui generis, the only one of the kind ; singular. Summum bonum, the chief or supreme goud. Tabula rasa, a smooth tab- let ; a mere blank. Tsedium vitai, weariness of life. Te Deum, a hymn of thanksgiving ; so called Una voce, with one voice. Utile dulci, the useful with- the agreeable. Vacuum, an empty space. Vade mecum, come with me ; a conipanion. Vos victis ! woe to the van- quished. Verbatim, word for word. ■\^('r';Mq ( hT7(<-frrfif) against. Veto {I forbid), a i)rohibi- tion. Vi et armis, by main force. Via, by the way of. Vice, in the stead or room of. from the two first words. Tempora mutantur, times Vice versa, the opposite change. Vide, see ; refer to. Totidem verbis, in just so many words. Toties quoties, as often as. Toto ccelo, by the whole heavens ; as far as the poles asunder Vis inertias, the force of resistance of inanimate matter. Viva voce, orally ; by word of mouth. Viz. (videlicet), to wit. Tria juncta in mio, three Vox et pra^terea nihil, voice joined in one. Ultima ratio regum, ^hxt last reason of kings ; that is, war. Ultimo (ult), the last month. (or sound) and nothing more. VivAT Regina ! Long LIVE THE Queen I CHAPTER XIX. phrases from other languages in frequent use. Abattoir (a-bat-twar'), a pub- 1 la mode (ah-la-mode), in lie slaughter-house. the fasliion. Abb^ (ab-bey), an abbot. Alguazil (il'-ga-zeel), a Aide-de-camp (aid'-d'-c5ng), Spanish policeman, an officer attending a Alto relievo, //., high rroi)os (a-pro-po'), to the ])urpose. Assignat (as'-sin-ya), paper money issued dunng the Revolution. Attache (at-ta-shd), one at- tached to an ambassa- dor. Au fait (o fay), master of the subject. Auto da fe, Sp. (burning to dcadi), an act of faith. Avocat (av'-o-ca), a la\v)'er. Badinage (bad"-e-nazh'), light or playful discourse. B.igatelle(l)a-ga-ter), a trifle. Ballet (bal-16), an opera dance. Beau (bo), a gaily-dressed person. Beau -ideal (bo-ee-day'-al), ideal excellence. Beau monde (bo-mond), the fashionable world. Bella-donna, It., the deadly nightshade ; literally,/rr/> lady — so called because its juice was used as a cosmetic by Italian ladies. Belle (bell), a fashionably- dressed lady. Belles-lettres (bell-lettr), literature. Bijou (bee-zhoo), a jewel or trinket. Billet-doux (bil-le-doo'), a love-ktter. Bivouac (biv'-oo-ack), to pass the night under arms. Bizarre (be-zdr), odd, fan- tastic. Blanc mange (bla-mon'je), a white jelly. Bon jour (bohn-zhur), good day. Bon-mot (bong mo), a witty saying. Bonne-bouche (. ■ "tn-boosh), a delicious morsel \ a titbit. B .>. vi vant(bohn-veev'-ahn), a high liver. Boudoir (boo-dwar), a lady's room. Bougie (boo-zhe), a wax tai)er. Bouillon (boor-y6ng),a kind of broth. Bouquet (bookay), a nose- Bourgeois (boor'-zhwaw), a burgess or citizen ; citi- zen-like. Bravura (bra-voo'-ra), a song of difficult execution. Bulletin (bool'e-teen), a short official piece of news. Bureau (bu-ro), an office. Cabriolet (cab'-re-o-lay"), a cab. Cachet (kah-shay), a seal. Ca ira (sa-ee-ra), (it shall go on, that is, the Revo- lution), the refrain of a revolutionary song. Caicjue (ca-eek'), the skiflf of a galley. COMPLETE MANUAL OF SPELLING. 8i Calibre (ca-lec'br), capacity Ccnge d'c'Iire (con-jay-de- or power. leer), ])erni sion to elect. Cap-a-pie (cap-ah-pee), from Connoisseur (con-a-sehr), a head to foot. skilful judge. Capuchin (cap'-u-sheen"), a Contour (con-t(Kjr'), the out- hooded friar. line of a figure. Carte blanche (cart- Corps diploniaticiue (core- blongsh), (white jxiper), dip-lo-nia-tejk'), the body permission to name our own terms. Chamixl'tre (sluim-paytr'), rural. Chai)eau (shap'-po), a hat. Chai)eron (sha])-er-ong), a of ambassadors. Coup d'etat (coo-deh-tah), a sudden measure on the l)art of the state. Coup (le grace (coo-de- grass'), the finishing blow. gentleman who attends Coup de main (coo-deh- upon or protects a lady mehng), a sudden or bold in a public assembly. Charge d'aftaires (shar'-jay- daf-fair), a i)erson left in charge in the ai'-jnce of an ambassador Charivari (shar-e-va-ree), a mock serenade of dis- cordant music. Charlatan (shar'-la-tan), a quack. Chateau (shah-to'), a castle. Chef-d'oeuvre (shay-doovr), a masterpiece. Chevaux de frise (shev'-o- de-freeze), a kind of si)iked fence. Ci-devnnt (sce-de-vang), formerly, fv-'mier. Clicjue (cleek), a party or Cognac ^cune-yack), a kind of brandy brou ;Iu from the town (near Bordeaux) so called. Comme il faut (com-ee-fo'), as it should be. Con amoff^. //., with love; with all one's heart. enteriJiise. Coup d'leil (coo-deuhr), a glance of the eye. CoLite (jue coute (coot-ke- coot), cost what it will. Cuisine (kwe-zeen'), the kitchen, the cooking de- pan ment. Cul de sac (literally, the bottom of a sack or bag), a street closed at one end. Da cajjo, //., repeat from the beginning. Deljris (de-b;ee). broken remains ; ruins. De'jeuner a la fourchette (( le - z heu - ne-ah- lah -foor- shayt), a breakfast with meat. Denouement (de - noo- mong'), the v/inding-up. Dei)6t (deh-p6), a store. Dernier ressort (dairn-yair- ressor), the last shift or resource. Dieu et mon droit (dieu-ai- mon-drvvau), God and my right. 82 COMPLETE MANUAL OF SPELLING. i; t\ i: w Dilettan'te (//. Dilettanti), one who delights in pro- moting the fine arts. Dolce (dol'-che),//., sweetly and softly. Doloro'so, /A, in music, soft and pathetic. Domicile (dom-e-seel), an abode. ^claircissement (ec-lair'-cis- mong), a clearing up or explanation of an affair. Eclat (e-clah'), splendour. !^lfeve (ai-lave), one brought up by another ; a pupil. En passant (on pas'song), in passing, by the way. En route (ang-roof), on the road. Encore (ahn-core), again. Ennui (inn-wee), weari- someness. Entre nous (6ng'-tr-noo), be- tween ourselves. Entree (ong-tray), entrance. Entrepot (6ng-tr-po'), a warehouse. iifcquivoque (a-ke-voke"), an equivocation. Esprit de corps (es-pree-de- core), the spirit of the body or party. Exposd (ecks-po'-zy), an ex- position or formal state- ment. Famille (fa-meel'), family ; "en famille," in the family. Fantoccinni (fan'-to-tche"- ne), //., puppets. Faux pas (fo-pah), a false step. Femme couverte (fam-coo- vairt), a married woman. Femme sole, a single wo- man. Fete (fate), a feast or fes- tival. Feu de joie (feii-de-zhwaw), a discharge of fire-arms, Fiacre (fe-ah'kr), a hackney coach. Fille-de-chambre (feel-de- sham-br), a chamber- maid. Finale (fee-nah'-ly), /A, the end ; the close. Fleur-de-lis (flelir-deh-lee), the flower of die lily. Fracas (fra-ca), a noisy quarrel. Friseur (fre-zur'), a hair- dresser. Gaucherie (gosh-re), left- handedness ; awkward- ness. Gendarmes (jang-darm;, police. Gout (goo), taste. Gusto, It., the relish of any- thing ; liking. Harico (har'-c-co) a kind of ragout. Honi soit qui mal y pense (ho - ne - swaw-koe-mahl-e- pahns), evil be to him that evil thinks. Hors de combat (hor-de- cohm-bah), disabled. Hotel Dieu (o-tel'-dyeuh), an hospital. Ich dien, I serve. In petto, in the breast or mind ; in reserve. Incognito (incog.), in dis- guise ; unknown. Je ne sais quoi (je-ne-say- l:\vnw'), I know not what. COMPLETE MANUAL OF SPELLING. Jet d'eau (zhai-do'), an or- namental water-spout. Jeu d'esprit (zheu-des-prde), play of wit ; a witticism. Jeu de mots (zheu-de-mo'), play upon words. Juste milieu (zhust-mil-yii), the just mean. Levee (lev-ay), a morning visit. Liqueur (lee-quehr), a cor- dial. Mademoiselle (mad'-em-ma- zel"), a young lady ; miss. Maitre d'hotel (maytr-do- tel'), an hotel-keeper or manager. Mai a propos (mal-ap-ro- po'), out of time \ un- seasonable. Malaria, //., noxious va- pours. Mauvaise honte (mo-vais- ont), false modesty. Melee (may-la\'), a con- fused (i!j;ht ; a scuffle. Menage (men-azh'), a me- nagerie. Messieurs (mess-yeu), gen- tlemen ; the plural of Mr. Monsieur (mo'-syeu), sir, Mr., a gentleman. Naivete (nah-eev-tay), in- genuousness ; simplicity. Niaiscrie (nee-ais-ree), silli- ness. Nonvde-guerre (nong-de- gair'^, an assumed name. Nonchalance (nohn-shah- lahnce), coolness. On dit (ohn-dee), a flying report. Outre (oo-tray), extraor- dinary. pre- pro- 83 Parole (par-ole), a word of honour. Pas (pah), a step ; ccdence. Patois (pat-waw), vincialism. Penchant (pang-shahn), a leaning or inclination towards. Protiige (protege'e, fem)^ (pro-tay-jay), one that is patronized. Qui va Ih.? (kee-vah-la), who goes there ? Qui vive ? (kee-veev'), v/tto goes there? on the alert. Ragoiit (rah-goo), a highly- seasoned dish. Rencontre (rahn-contr), an unexpected meeting ; an encounter. Restaurateur (re-stor-ah- teur), a tavern-keeper. Rouge (rooge), red paint Sang froid (sahn-frwaw), coolness ; literally, cold blood. Sans (sang), without. Sans-culottes (sang-cu-lot'), the rabble. Savant (sav'-ang), a learned man. Sobriquet (so-bre-kay), a nickname. Soi-disant (swaw-de'e-zang), self-styled ; pretended. Soiree (swaw'ra), an even- ing party. Souvenir (soov-neer), re- membrance. Table d'hote (tabl-dote), an ordinary at which the master of the hotel pro- sides. F 3 1 COMPLETE MANUAL OF SPELLING. ' 84 Tete-k-tete (tait-ah-tait), head to head ; a private conversation between two persons. Tirade (tee-rad'), a long in- vective speech. Ton (tong), the full fashion. Torso, //., the trunk of a statue. Tour (toor), a journey. Tout ensemble (too-tahn- salinbl), the whole taken together. Valet de chamb'-e (val-e- deh-shambr), a footman. Vetturino (vet-too-ree'n-o), //., the owner or driver of an Italian travelling carriage. Vis-h.-vis (veez-ah-vee), face to face ; a small carriage for two persons, with seats opposite. Vive la bagatelle (veev-la- bag-a-tel') success to trifles. Vive le roi (veev-ler-waw), long live the king. CHAPTER XX. TITLES AND OTHER ABBREVIATIONS IN USE. A.B. Artium pjaccalaureus Bachelor of Arts. A.M. Artium Magister Master of Arts. A.M. Anno Alundi In the year of the world. A.U.C. Ab urbe condita From the building of the city (Rome). B.D. Baccalaureus Divinitatis Bachelor of Divinity. B.M. Baccalaureus Medicinal Bachelor of Medi- cine. B. Sc. Baccalaureus Scientiarum Bachelor of Sciences. C. Cent. Centum A hundred. Clk. Clericus Clergyman. C.R. Custos Rotulorum Keeper of the Rolls. D.D. Doctor Divinitatis Doctor of Divinity. D.C.L. Doctor Civilis Legis Doctor of Civil Law. D.V. Deo volente God willing. e- g. Exempli gratia For example. Ibid. Ibidem In the same place. i. e. Id est That is. Incog. Incognito Unknown ; con- cealed. COMPLETE MANUAL OF SPELLING. 85 I.H.S. LL.D. L.S. Jesus Hominum Salvator Jesus the Saviour of men. Le;]rum Doctor Locus Siuilli L.S.D. Libras, Solidi, Denarii M.D. M.S. N.B. Nem con. Per rent. S.C. S.T.P. P.M. pp. Prox. P.S. Q.E.D. Sc. Ult. V.R. Vid. Viz. &c. Et seqq. Abp. Acct. Admis. Anon. A.R.A. Doctor of Laws.* The place of tho Seal. Pounds, Shillings Pence. Doctor of Medicine. Sacred to the Me- mory. Note well (or North Britain), No one opposing it By the hundred. A decree of the Senate. Sancta^TheologioeProfessorDoctor of Divinity. Medicina; Doctor Menioriai Sacrum Nota bene Nemine contradicente Per centum Senatus Consultum Post meridiem Pagince Proximo Post scriptum Quod erat demonstran- dum Scilicet Ultimo Victoria Regina Vide Videlicet Et cc'etera Et sequentia After midday. Pages ; %^ ?iot p.p. Next (month). Postscript (written after). ^Vhich was to be proved. To wit. In the last (month). Queen Victoria. See To wit. And the rest. And those which follow. B.A. Bart. Bp. Archbishop. Account. Administrators. Anonvmous. Associate of the Royal Aca- demv. Bachelor of Arts. Baronet. Bishop. • Caution Capt. Captain. C.B. Companion of tlie Bath. C.P. Common Pleas. Ch. Chapter. Co. County or Company. Col. Colonel. Com'- Commissioner. Cr. Creditor. Cwt. Hundredweight —not L L.D. k% ^6 COMPLETE MANUAL OF SPELLING. « Do. Ditto ; the same. Lieut. Lieutenant Dr. Debtor or Doctor M.A. Master of Arts. E. East. Messrs. Gentlemen. E.L. F.ast Longitude. M.P. Member of Par- Exch. Exchequer. liament. Esq. Esfiuire. Mr. Mister. F.G.S. Fellow of Geolo- Mrs. Mistress. gical Society. MS. Manuscript. F.R.A.S. Fellow of the MSS. Manuscripts.* Royal Astro- N.S. NewStyle(i752). nomicalSoc'ty. No. Number. F.L.S. Fellow of the Lin- N.L. North Latitude. noean Society. N.T. New Testament F.R.S. Fellow of the N. North. Royal Society. O.S. Old Style. F.R.G.S. Fellow of the 8vo Octavo. Royal Geogra- 4to Quarto. l)hical Society. O.T. Old Testament F.S.A. Fellow of the So- oz. Ounce. ciety of Anti- Prof Professor. quarians. P.S. Postscript Gen. General. Q. Question. Gent. Gentleman. Qy- Query. Hhd. T logshead. Q.B. Queen's Bench. H.M. lie, or His Ma- Q.C. Queen's Counsel jesty. Rev. Reverend. Inst. Instant; present Rt. Rev. Right Reverend. month. Rt. Hon. Right Hon'rable, J.P. Justice of Peace. R.A. Royal Academy. Knt. Knight. R.H.A. Royal Horse Ar- K.G. Knight of the tillery. Garter. R.E. Royal Engineers. K.C.B. Knight Com- R.M. Royal Marines. mander of the R.N. Royal Navy. Bath. S. South. K.G.C.B Knight G^and Sec. Secretary. Cross of the S.L. South Latitude. Bath. St. Saint K.P. Knight of St. U.S. United States. Patrick. w. West K.T. Knight of the W.L. West Longitude. Thistle. Xmas. Christmas. • Caution — not M.S.S. COMPLETE MANUAL OF SPELLING, «r CHAPTER XXI. IMPORTANT CAUTIONS. There is a class of words in which it is difficult to remember what vowel or diphthong must be used, and these require much and careful practice. Sometimes the eye misleads ; and sometimes the ear. In the following lists the words have been classified according to their end- ings, and those most alike contrasted with each other. I. AU and AW AU an id AW author hawthorn sausage lawsuit laurel lawful paucity mawkish gaudy tawdry saucer sawyer pauper lawyer faulty awning auburn strawberry plaudit tawny auction awkward august awful [^^ Note that au is generally found in words which we get from Latin, while aw is an English symbol.] Dictation Exercise 6i. — i. Her clothes are both gaudy and tawdry. 2. The pauper went to the lawyer for advice. 3. The auctioneer was very awkward about his work. 4. The awful presence of the august emperor caused a hush to fall uj)on the princes in. the hall. 5. The sawyer drank his tea from the saucer. 6. The awning is not new — it is torn and faulty in some places. 2. EA long ai id EA short reason weasel pheasant zealous heathen weasand feather weather season beacon pleasant breakfast beaten beadle threaten ready wheaten weaver leather endeavour meagre meadow DrcTATioN Exercise 62. — i. The ox will have but meagre feeding in that meadow. 2. The beadle was re ly to receive the clergyman and his guests ; and the breakfast was laid with a neatness highly laudable. 3. Treason wiil use any kind of weapon. 4.* The. weaver endeavoured to conceal the object of his search. 5. He threatened to have me beaten. «8 COMPLETE MANUAL OF SPELLING. 3. OU AND OW WITH THE SAME SOUND. \ i OU and OW county flounder powder fowler bounty foundling dowry trowel cloudy confound drowsy empower counter boundless flower clownisli shower, lower, coward, vowel. Note that on is in general a Latin or French, while OW is an English symbol.] Dictation Exercise 63. — i. The general won bound- less renown. 2. He is the greatest ( oward in the county. 3. The meadow was covered with countless cowslips, 4. The close and cloudy weather makes me feel drowsy. 5. We were surrounded with flowers on e\ery side. , AIR impair rep:iir affair ) unfair j despair corsair mohair ARE prepare compare welfare EAR forbear |)car tear forswear wear swear [I msnare beware aware declare air is a French, are a Latin, and car an English endmg.] Dictation Exercise 64. — i. The corsair must be- ware how his pilot wears ship as he works into the harbour. 2. I declare his conduct throughout has been most unfair, 3. He would tear down the partition ; and we cannot repair it. 4. The cook has prepared a lot of pears for us. 5, {a) EED and ede succeed secede proceed precede exceed recede concede, intercede, supersede. {b) EME EAM EEM supreme ream 1 esteem extreme dream 1 redeem [erne is a Latin, eem a French, and mm an English ending.] COMPLETE MANUAL OF SPELLING. 89 r 1 ucr Lsh while oiind- 311 nty. .•slips, owsy. glish be- the peen and )t of {c) EEN EAN ENE INE careen bean serene marine between clean convene fascine unseen dean obscene magazine moreen lean intervene tontine tureen mean contravene tambourine wean. [em and ean are English endings, ene is Latin, and ine French.] {d) ETE complete replete concrete EAT defeat retreat entreat EET greet fleet discreet \ete is a Latin and cet an English ending.] Dictation Exercise 65. — i. They succeeded in superseding the governor. 2. Nothing can redeem the extreme folly of his attempting to tell his dream. 3. We agreed to convene in some place where we could not be seen, if nothing should intervene. 4. We greeted the troops as they returned after their complete defeat. 5. I entreat you to be more discreet, and not to come between tie marine and his magazine of powder. 6. If we secede, 'ley will not succeed in their plans. 6. EER lER ERE EAR gazetteer brigadier interfere endear volunteer grenadier persevere drear engineer buccanier cohere hear mountaineer chandelier cassimere clear auctioneer cavalier adhere near privateer gondolier sincere appear mutineer financier hemisphere arrear domineer cuirassier atmosphere besmear «•] \eer and ier are French endings ; ere Latin, and ear English.] Dictation Exercise 66. — i. The young engineer was endeared to us all by the manly way in which he volunteered to assist the brigadier in the capture of the privateer. 2. The grenadier was reading the gazetteer when I entered. 3. The youthful cavalier appeared to interfere with the proceedings of the mutineer. 4. I IMAGE EVALUATION TEST TARGET (MT-3) A f' .^ .%\ m// I 1.0 I.I 1.25 Si^iil 0112.5 2.2 " lis liig 1.4 1.8 1.6 p^. ^ ^ /a ^ /a % ;> em .V ^' y /^ r ^ Photographic Sciences Corporation 23 WEST MAIN STREET WEBSTER, N.Y. 14580 (716) 873-4S03 ,\ '^^ ^> ■1? r\^ M o 1^ ^ w ci^ [ I 90 COMPLRTS MANUAL OP SPELLING. \i adhere to this opinion sincerely ; in spite of all I heai about the financier. 7. URSE (a) •curse nurse purse disburse ERSE reverse converse disperse immerse ERCE amerce coerce commerce w UR £R demur concur incur recur occur defer confer infer refer deter Dictation Exercise 67. — i. The reverse of the purse does not look nice. 2. He disbursed the sum in which his nephew was amerced. 3. Commerce will dis- perse our productions all over the globe. 4. They inferred from our being there that we conci..Ted with them. 5. Whatever may occur, nothing will deter me. 6. I will refer to that again, nor allow you to recur to it <8. ACE ana ase ace and ase {a) deface debase 1 disgrace abase efface erase unlace encase misplace, retrace. ucE and use traduce recluse reduce obtuse conduce abstruse I. Nothing will erase it (b) UCE and use adduce abuse (noun) induce excuse (noun) deduce refuse (noun) Dictation Exercise 68. from my memory or efface it from his. 2. Pray unlace the case in which it is wrapped up. 3. He felt his dis- grace so deeply that it much abased him. 4. Nothing can induce me to make such an excuse. 5. The recluse life he leads can hardly conduce to his health. 6. He cannot adduce even one example of such an abuse. AIN IN INE chieftam firkin pristine chaplain muslin masculine captain pumpkin destine bargain margm sangume certain resm • See page 3a. rapme COMPLETE MANUAL OJt SPELLING, 9» Fie AIN IN INE curtain vermin doctrine murrain origin feminine mountain urchin engine fountain basin medicine villain raisin ermine plantain rosin [ain and ine are French endings ; in is English.] Dictation Exercise 69. — i. The captain bought some muslin and ermine and presented it to the chap- Ifliin's wife. 2. We do not know the origin of the mur- rain. 3. You are too sanguine about the bargain. 4. The muslin curtain was put up by feminine hands. 5. The medicine did no good to the poor chieftain. 6. The villain urged on the urchin to the rapine. 10. AR ER OR RE tartar matter traitor centre grammar manner mayor ombre mortar hinder doctor sceptre dollar buyer sailor sabre collar danger author sombre beggar ledger mirror men^^e cellar paper spectator spectre cedar leader translator concentre nectar manger suitor lustre pillar temper tutor lu( re sugar auger ancestor maiigre vulgar stagger aggressor reconnoitre jocular preacher auditor ochre popular prayer counsellor massacre regular beaver ancestor saltpetre scimitar heifer conductor theatre singular waiter emperor sepulchre vinegar eager instructor manoeuvre muscular brier aggressor amphitheatrt \ar and er are generally English endings ; or is Latin ; and re French,] Dictation Exercise 70. — i. The waiter gave the sailor twenty dollars. 2. There is a great deal of paper in the cellar. 3. The doctor tried to hinder the tutor reaching the pillar, and lost his temper. 4. The manner of the lord of the manor showed that he had been the aggressor. 5. He was a very popular leader. 6. The m i:ir 93 COMPLETE MANUAL OP SPELLING. waiter brought the vinegar to the councillor. 7. The emperor was painted with a sabre or a scimitar in his hand. 8. Maugre all he could say, the popular opinion prevailed. 9. The attention of the preacher was riveted on the beggar. XI. ABLE and IBLE laudable probable desirable capable tenable mutable suitable liable eatable Dictation audible terrible horrible credible flexible combustible sensible legible edible Exercise 71. ABLE and portable venerable renewable respectable remarkable laughable affable syllable preferable — I. His IBLE possible discernible responsible eligible plausible fusible forcible visible frangible action in the matter was not laudable, but reprehensible. 2. The forcible abstraction of the property was very culpable. 3. It is hardly credible : is he capable of such a thing ? 4. This trunk is not portable ; it is impossible to carry it 5. He is a sensible man, and very suitable for the post. 6. It is probable that he perished in the terrible railway accident 12. ANCE ENCE deference preference reference prudence difference pretence negligence residence reverence eminence cadence presence offence evidence vehemence eloquence presence science nee is found mostly in words that have come to us through French ; me in words directly from Latin.] ANCE alliance fragrance clearance grievance entrance distance nuisance elegance circumstance temperance maintenance ignorance utterance conveyance obeisance appearance repentance alliance ENSE recompense nonsense dispense condense incense intense dense suspense immense expense sense license intense dispense tense immense recompense sense COMPLETE MANUAL OF SPELLING. 9S Dictation Exercise 72. — i. It was his ignorance of the lady's presence that made him talk such nonsense. 2. What you call his immense eloquence is a trouble and a nuisance. 3. I can make no pretence to see things at such a distance. 4. His alliance with that house was made in deference to the wishes of his uncle, who wished to recompense iiim for his intense labour. 5. I was kept some lime in suspense at his residence. 6. The elegance of his eloquence sometimes tempts him. to dispense with sense. 13. ATE and ET ATE anr ET violate palate legate prelate violet pallet* scarlet jacket passionate fortunate moderate delicate plummet liavonet * goblet coverlet senate camlet des])erate gauntlet curate comet duplicate musket accurate certificate magnet secret ultimate incarnate trumpet bayonet [<•/ is an English ending ; ate entirely Latin.' Dictation Exercise 73. — i. 1 could not anticipate his secret. 2. Becoming desperate, he threw down the gauntlet to the president of the senate. 3. The colour of the coverlet is very delicate. 4. The fort was carried by a desperate attack with the bayonet. 5. 'i'he curate brought in the basket, which contained a scarlet jacket and a delicate slice of turkey. 6. It is fortunate that- the crystal goblet was not broken. 14. cv SY spicy m^y saucy daisy legacy heresy privacy apostasy delicacy courtesy tendency embassy policy rosy spicy tipsy zv dizzy lazy crazy hazy mazy frenzy dozy us • For palette, see page 59* 94 COMPLETE MANUAL OF SPELLING, CY SY CY SY mercy controversy fluency clumsy fleecy uneasy celibacy hypocrisy icy noisy intimacy massy secrecy leprosy vagrancy minstrelsy decency quinsy vacancy glossy grassy, dropsy, jealousy, epilepsy, dyspepsy, posy, prosy, busy. Dictation Exercise 74. — i. The saucy gipsy is lazy when he is sober, and noisy when he is drunk. 2. The delicacy of that lady's courtesy is far from being hypo- crisy. 3. It was icy cold that night; and he caught a bad quinsy. 4. There is no vacancy in the staff of the embassy at present 5. His address on that controversy was marked by great fluency. 6. His uncle showed great jealousy of that intimacy. 1 5- . IT ai id ITE IT and ITE habit unit respite infinite culprit demerit hypocrite favourite limit pulpit spirit summit opposite perquisite preterite requisite inherit exhibit solicit elicit exquisite- definite composite opposite Dictation Exercise 75. — i. The merit of the fa- vourite was canvassed far beyond the limits of his acquaintance. 2. He showed just the opposite spirit to what I expected. 3. The culprit is a thorough hypo- crite. 4. He will exhibit an excellent collection of roses. 5. The favourite reached the summit of his ambition. 6. Both in and out of the pulpit, he preached the infinite goodness of God. 16. IZE aggrandize* humanize scrutinize patronize colonize pulverize sympathize scandalize temporize harmonize ISE exercise merchandise compromise criticise enterprise advertise supervise compromise exorcise chastise YZE analyze* paralyze * All these words ending in ite and yu may be spelt with an s instead of a s. solemnize, economize, evangelize, recognize, authorize. !Y [tisy locrisy ssy istrelsy ssy r, prosy, y is lazy 2. The ig hypo- :aught a Of of the itroversy showed ITE pocrite 'ourite quisite- finite mposite iposite f the fa- i of his spirit to ;h hypo- iction of of his treached :e lyze* llyze lese words ite and be spelt s instead lonze. COMPLETE MAirUAL OF SPELLING. 95 Dictation Exercise 76. — i. The enterprise which was undertaken to colonize British Guiana failed miser- ably. 2. The merchandise was carefully scrutinized by the Custom-house officers. 3 He advci'tised in the newspapers that he was prepared to analyze any metal 4. His attempt to patronize us quite paralyzed our action. 5. He criticised their offer to sympathize with the insurgents very severely. 6. The boy was chastised for pulverizing the agate. 17. UM nostrum rostrum stratum y vellum medium premium decorum vacuum momentum emporium [^^ f/m is always a Latin ending; 4m^ sometimes Greek. Dictation Exercise 77. — i. It is seldom one hears such fulsome flattery, 2. I doubt the wisdom of his mounting the rostrum to deliver so wearisome a discourse. 3. I cannot accustom myself to such cumbersome de- conim. 4. His symptoms will not yield to such a nostrum as the handsome doctor prescribed. 5. The premium was a most welcome addition to his income. 6. I spent a most wearisome hour in that emporium, selecting vellum. CM OME phantom welcome wisdom income freedom gladsome seldom fulsome idiom handsome ' symptom frolicsome accustom cumbersome martyrdom wearisome kingdom lonesome blossom blithesome ^w^, always English; 18. SI and CI SI and CI generosity ferocity university tenacity animosity atrocity scrupulosity recii)rocity necessity veracity propel sity capacity immensity loquacity curiosity duplicity intensity rapacity perversity elasticity diversity sagacity Dictation Exercise 78. — i. He is a man of great sagacity, and he took high honours at the university. i. The ferocity of the attack excited great animosity. 3. His propensity to loquacity ought to be checked. 1.1 11 96 COMPLETE AfANUAL OF SPELLING. 4. There is no necessity for a reciprocity of that kind. 5. He felt much curiosity to ascc^rtain tiie i)reci.se degree of elasticity possessed by the spring. 6. His generosity is not equal to his tenacity of character. 19. Y a nd EY Y ar id EY happy alley scarcity turkey daily valley remedy pulley body galley doi)Uty chimney copy barley tyranny hackney poverty parley viiijny journey revelry honey company attorney Dictation Exercise 79. — i. Do you know the right remedy for a smoky (himney? 2. We had very pleasant company on the journey — a jolly attorney, and a happy little body, who turned out to be the lady who lives in the valley, not far from our house. 3. There was great scarcity of corn in Turkey. 4. The poverty of the people was very deplorable : at last even barley began to fail. 5. He makes a daily journey to town. 6. The deputy insisted on a parley with the enemy. 20. EOUS duteous piteous ligneous hideous aqueous cutaneous Dictation and lous dubious tedious serious imi)ious previous studious P^XERCISE 80. — I EOUS and erroneous i spontaneous j calcareous ! extraneous j plenteous 1 lous notorious haniKMiious impervious industrious illustrious He is notorious for his hasty and erroneous judgments. 2. He is as studious and industrious as he is tluteous to his parents. 3. The calcareous rock is impervious to wet. 4. His previous knowledge of ligneous and atiueous compounds fitted him specially for the work. 5. 1 am very dubious as to whether it is a cutaneous (skin) disease. 6. He must not allow his liking for extraneous pursuits to interfere with his serious studies. a I. AGE £G£ lAGE IDGE lOB village college marriage | porridge I vestige courage privilege carriage cartridge suflfrage sacrilege partridge savage allege damage, adage, manage, homage, presage, salvage, usag^ umbrage, mortgage, haemorrhage. t kind. degree lerosity ;ey . ley nney kney rney )rney lie right )leasant L happy Hves in IS great ; people to fail. deputy rious onions vious trious ious for his studious 3. The )revious fitted IS as to must iterfere IGE :stige usages COMPLETE MANUAL OF SPELLING. 97 Dictation Exercise 8i. — i. A box of cartridges took fire ; the village was burnt down, and not a vestige of it remained. 2. The suffrage is a privilege as well as a I'he horse could not manage to draw so uzuyy 4. He alleged that the mortgage had been He was noted at college for his courage and 6. He ate only a little partridge at the mar- right 3. a carriage, paid. 5. strength, riage breakfast. 33. ETY and variety sobriety nicety society notoriety ITY severity gratuity necessity serenity annuity ETY anxiety propriety piety satiety impiety and ITY eternity debility ability civility divinity [ety is generally French ; ity, directly from Latin.] Dictation Exercise 82. — i. He is a man of greater piety than ability. 2. The act was a breach, not only of propriety, but of common civility. 3. There was a total absence of severity, and a pleasant air of sorenity, in their society. 4. His prospects for etemii; "illed him with the deepest anxiety. 5. There is no necessity for so much nicety. ^3. CLE KLE CAL particle sickle vertical article prickle criticAl obstacle freckle dropsical cuticle buckle typical canticle twinkle technical ventricle sprinkle mystical pinnacle shackle practical vesicle speckle clerical vehicle tinkle whimsical \cU and cai are always Latin endings; kU always English.] Dictation Exercise 83. — i. The obstacle to his going was a very practical one. 2. The rickety state of the family vehicle was typical of the condition of his fortunes. 3. Our clerical friend was unshackled in his new position. 4. There is not a particle of technical accuracy in these articles of agreement 5. The stars twinkled mystically in the deep blue vault of heaven, while the music of the canticle rolled far down the valley. o 98 84. ANT vacant arrogant elegant radiant petulant consonant brilliant dormant COMPLETE MANUAL OF SPELLING. and ENT { complacent ( magnificent I negligent ( indigent i contingent effulgent ancient patient ( opulent ( violent \ eminent ( permanent f indolent ( insolent {inclement indulgent infant ANT and stagnant fragrant pleasant reluctant observant triumphant abundant recreant { excellent ( affluent { ENT imminent prominent i apparent ( different I adjacent ( innocent f penitent ( patient { consequent ( subsequent f recumbent ( concurrent I diffident ( confident f sufficient \ present Dictation Exercise 84. — i. He was most reluctant to leave the patient so soon. 2. A pleasant drive led to the adjacent estate. 3. He was both arrogant and inso- lent 4. In spite of his abundant resources, he felt very diffident about the result. 5. A petulant or violent manner will stand very much in your way. ^5. PER and persuade persist perform perfume perfect perplex PUR pursue } > purloin > purport PER perjure person permit pertain and PUR } } purpose purchase [per is directly from Latin ; pur comes to us through French.] Compare — nourish purchase flourish purpose Dictation Exercise 85. — i. He persisted in pur- cuing the robber, though I did all I could to persuade him against it 2. He was much perplexed at the pur- port of the letter. 3. I cannot permit the child to purchase sweetmeats. 4. He was a person lentirely without purpose. COMPLBTE MANUAL OP SPELUNG, 99 linent minent arent srent acent ocent litent ient isequent (Sequent umbent icurrent fident ifident Ticient :sent reluctant ve led to md inso- felt very violent PUR pose chase .through in pur- Ipersuade Ithe pur- I child to 'entirely CHAPTER XXII. A LIST or COMMON WORDS RELATING TO TIME. (a) Days of the Week. Sunday Tuesday Thursday Saturday Monday Wednesday Friday Easter-Sunday Shrove-Tuesday Holy Thursday Whit-Monday Ash-Wednesday Good Friday {b) Months and Seasons of the Year. January April July October February May August November March June September December There are four seasons of the year : — Spring Summer Autumn Winter The Spring months are — March, April, May „ Summer „ June, July, August „ Autumn „ September, October, November „ Winter „ December, January, Februar)' There are four days in the year specially appointeu for the paying or receiving of money. These days arc called "Quarter Days." It is at these times that people generally pay or receive their rents, and that clerks and others receive their salaries, they are — Lady Day Midsummer Day Michaelmas Day Christmas Day Quarter Days • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • 25 th Mardi 24th June 29th September 25 th December {c) The Chief Divisions of Time are — Seconds of which 60 make i minute Minutes n 60 „ I hour Hours Days Weeks » 24 7 . 4 . „ I day , I week , I lunar month LAinar months Calendar months n n 13 . 12 1 , 1 year , I year Yean w »oo , , I century s 1 1 lOO COMPLETE MANUAL OF SPKLLISC List of Christian Names. {a) Men's Nanus, Aaron Dennis Hugh Norman Abel Donald Hugo Octavius Abraham Edgar Isaac Oliver Adam Edmund Isaiah Patrick Adolphus Edward Jacob Paul Albert Edwin James Peter Alexander Elisha Jasper Philip Alfred Emanuel John Ralph Algernon Enoch J eremiah Reginald Allan Ernest Jesse Reuben Ambrose Eugene Jonathan Richard Andrew Eustace Joseph Robert Anthony Ferdinand Josiah Roderick Archibald Francis J oshiia Roqer Arnold Frederic Julius Roilo Arthur Gabriel I -auncelot Rowland Augustine Geoffrey l^iwrence Rupert Austin George Leonard SaMuiel Basil Gerald Leopold Sel)istian Benjamin Gerard Lewis Simeon Bernard Gilbert Lionel Simon B;.'rtram Gregory I ,uke Stei)hen Charles (iustavus Malcolm Theodore Christian Guy Mark Theophilus Christopher Harold Martin Thomas Claude Hector Matthew Timothy Clement Henry Maurice Victor Cornelius Herbert Max Vincent Cuthbert Humi)hrey Michael Walter Daniel Horace Nathaniel William David Horatio Nicholas {b) WotnOi r'j Names. Ada Amy Blanche Clara Adela Anne Bridget Clementina Adelaide Arabella Caroline Constance Adelina Augusta Catherine Deborah Agnes Barbara Cecilia Dorothea Alice Beatrice Charlotte Edith Amelia Bertha Christina Eleanor COMPLETE MANUAL OF SPELL JXG lOX Eliza Elizabeth Ellen Emily Emma Esther Ethel Eugenie Eunice Eva Eve Evelyn Fanny Felicia Flora Florence •^ranees Georgina Gertrude Hannah Harriet Helen Helena Henrietta Jda Isabella Jane Janet Jessie Josephine Julia Juliet Katharine Laura Lavinia Leonora LUy Lilian Louisa Lucy Lyd ia Mabel Madeline Margaret Maria Marian Martha Mary Matilda Maude Minna Oc • ia (Mi via Ottilia Philippe Phcebe Priscilla Rachel Rebecca 1\0«C Rosamond Ruth Sarah Selina Sophia Sylvia Susan Susannah Theodora Tr -.-odosia rheresa Victoria Wilhelmina entina tance irah Ithea lor CHAPIER XXin. 8AX0N ROOTS. Aec, an oak — acorn ( = Aec-com). Aeg, an ., eggery). Bakan, to ^<7^^— bakster (Baxter), batch. Beatan, to bfai — bat, battery, battle, beetle [combat, debate, from cognate, French word battre\. Beran, to bear — bairn, barrow, berry, bird, brood, breed, brat, berth, birth, bier, burden, forbear. Betan, to make better — best ( = betest). Beorgan, to protect or bring under cover. Burgh, a city — borough, burgess, burrow, bury burglar, harbour, harbinger (one who provides a harbour). Biddan, to bid or /ray— bidding, bead, beadsman, beadle, bode, forbode, forbid. Bigan or Bugan, to bo7u or bend — bow, bower (anchor), bow-sprit, bow- window, bight, bough, booth, a bay, buxom (bough- some, easily bent, lively), elbow. Bindan, to bind — bind-weed, hop-bine, bonds, bands, bound, bundle, hus- band. BiTAN, to bite — bit, bite, bitter, embitter, bait (a hook), bait (a horse). Blawian, to blow — blow, bloom, blossom, blade, blast, blister, bluster, bloat, blush. Brecan, to break — breakers, brake, bracken, breach, J03 COMPLETE MANUAL OP SPELLING. broach, bray, brink, brow, brick. Buan, to dwells to tin — boor, neighbour, bower. Byrnan or Br en nan, to J^um — bum, burnish, brown, brunt, bronze, brimstone, brand-new, brand (a mark), brindled, auburn, brandy. Ceap, to turn, exchange^ or seil — cheap (formerly meant a market), chapman, Cheapside, Chipping (Norton, Ongar), chop (and change), coup (Scotch), recoup (to pay back). Ceorl, a churl — churlish, carle, girl (orig. of either sex, kirla). Clufian, to cleave or split — cleaver, cleft, cliff, clove, clover (cloven leaves), Cunnan, to know, to te able — can, con, cunning, ken, canny (Scotch), Cun- ningham, Coningsby. Cvn, related — kin, king, kindred, akin, kind, kindly, mankind, kindness. Daeg, day — day- spring, dawn, daisy (day's eye). Uragan, to draw — drag, draggle, draw, drawl, dray, dredge, drudge, drain, draft, draught. Drincan, to drink — drink, drench, drown, drunkard. Fleooan, to flee— io tly, Hight, flighty, fledged, flicker, flit, fleet ("wift), (hitter, fluster. Flowan, to flo7v. Fleotan, to float — a floe (of ice), float, flood, :ieet (ot ships), flotilla, flush, flotsam (in the ..xpression flotsam and jetsam, goods found lloatin;^, and therefore considered as belonging to the sovoieign). Gan, to i^o—^ip ( - agone), gang, undergo, gait, gangway, gate. CiEA'^i), an tnclosun. Gvrdan, to ^inl — yaid, orcha; ' ( = ivorl-yant, a garden for vegetables,) garden, kirile, imgird, girth. God, good — God, gosi)ol (/.<'., Godspel), gossip ( - Godsiby related in God). Grafan, to grave or dig — grave, en- grave, groove, graft, gruj, grove!. Grapian, Gkipan, Gropan, to grapple — grip, gripe, grai)plc, groi)e, group, grapnel. Haelan, to heal. Hael, irliole — hale, hail (to wish healthy), holy (wliole morally), holy-rood (the ground on which the cross was erected), hallow, whole (formerly hwole). Healdan, to hold — a holding, behold ( ~ to hold with the eyes), upholsterer, halt, halter, hilt, holster. Heban, Hefan, to // 4 dE 5 Common Scbool Series, Nos, 6 Sc 7.....* Bualness Series, UTos. 8 ic 9 fjAdles* Scries. Nos. 10, 11 Jc 12 Exorcise Series, These Copy Books are engraved in the best style, printed on good paper, and ruled so as to assist the Pupil. Each book contains 24 pages, with full directions printed on the wrappers. Lennie's English Grammar Carpenter's Spelling Alphabet Card Card of Tables; Multiplication, &c