SOLICITOR of PATENTS^ 
 
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 (Gl.) 
 
 HARVEY'S 
 
 GUIDE TO PATENTS 
 
 i 
 
 By A. HARVEY, * 
 
 Formerly Assoc. Inst. C.K, Metnb. Inst. ME., Mitglicd Verems Deutseher 
 Jng.,M.S.S.,M.S.M.S.,&c, 
 
 filttomet^ for ^ate-nb, *^ra^e £)Ua^^^, &:c., (Bouti^aeffor 
 
 TWENTY YEARS PROFESSIONAL EXPERIENCE. 
 
 OFFICES-Victoria Chambers, 0pp. Patent Office. 
 
 OTTAWA, ONT. 
 
 p. O. BOX 1071 
 
 Telephone connection in Office and Resulencc. 
 
 Entered accordinff to Act of Parliament of Vamda, in the year IS.S'f,, hi/ A. Harvey, 
 in the Office of the Minister of Agriculture. 
 
 OTTAWA : 
 
 I'RINTKI) UV A. S. WOODBURN, F.LGIN STREET. 
 
 
 
 
HARVEY'S 
 
 GUIDE TO PATENTS 
 
 By A. HARVEY, 
 
 Formerly Assoc. Inst. C.E., Memb. Inst. M.R, Mitglied Vereins Deutscher ♦ 
 
 Ing., M.S.S., M.S.M.S., &e. 
 
 'I 
 
 Ivw ^atcvi-t Cauaed, ^^KcchaWicat Expert. 
 
 TWENTY YEARS PROFESSIONAL EXPERIENCE. 
 
 .if. 
 
 OFFICES-Victoria Chambers, 0pp. Patent Office. 
 
 OTTAWA, ONT. 
 
 P.O. BOX I07i Ttl^hone connection in Office and Residtnc*. 
 
 •.•y 
 
 Entered according to Act of Parliament of Canada, in the year 1885, by A. Habvkt, 
 in the Office of the Minister of Agriculture. 
 
 OTTAWA : 
 
 PRINTED BY A. S. WOODBURN, ELGIN STREET. 
 
 1885. 
 
TABLE OF CONTENTS. 
 
 PAOB 
 
 Preface .... .... .... .... . , . , . . , , , . . , , . , , j 
 
 What ifl an Invention? 3 
 
 What Phould be done with an Invention? .S 
 
 \\ hat ifl a Patent? 4 
 
 What Invpntiona are Patentable? 4 
 
 Wiien should an Invention l»e Patented?.. 6 
 
 Where should Inventions be Patented? 5 
 
 Searches and Preliminary Bxaniinatiuns.. 6 
 
 Caveats 6 
 
 Mo<lel8 .. 7 
 
 United States (Patents) 8 
 
 Canada(Patent8) 8 
 
 Great Britain (Patents) 9 
 
 Gernnany (Patents) 10 
 
 France (Patents).... H 
 
 Belgium (Patents) H 
 
 Other Foreign Countries ... , H 
 
 Assignments H 
 
 pisclaimers 12 
 
 BiXtension of Patents, or C. P. F. F. (Canada) 12 
 
 Importation (Canada) u 
 
 Manufacture (Canada) I.3 
 
 Rejected Applications (Prosecuting) 14 
 
 Interferences I4 
 
 Expert Examinations .... 15 
 
 Specification and Drawings 16 
 
 Copies of Patents 16 
 
 Giving Advice 16 
 
 Costandheea 16 
 
 Money, how to Send? ... I7 
 
 Correspondence .- .... .... .... ...."".... 17 
 
 Personal Attendance in Ottawa ... . . * 18 
 
 Secrecy.... ..... 18 
 
 Sale or Realization of Patents 18 
 
 General Remarks and Observations 19 
 
 Trade Marks, Designs and Copyrights— Canada . . 19 
 
 " '• " United States 20 
 
 " " " Great Britain 21 
 
 " " " Other Countries 21 
 
 Patent Attorneys 21 
 
 My Standing as Attorney '....'"...."".... 22 
 
 MyOfiice 23 
 
 BuHines Routine 23 
 
 Tabular Statement of Various Countries 24, 25, 26, 27 
 
 Statistics (Patents) 28 
 
 " . (Trade) 29 
 
 Occupations of Canadians 29,30 
 
 Industries in Canada.... 30,31,32,33 
 
 Railways in Canada 34 
 
 Textile Trade in Great Britain .34 
 
 A Tribute to Inventors 34,36,36,37 
 
 How to Apply for a Patent 37 
 
 How to Instruct your Attorney .37 
 
 Type Writing 37 
 
 Referencee... 33,39 
 
 Unsolicited lestimonials 40,41,42 
 
PREFACE. 
 
 These pages do not pretend to be a treatise on patent law. My 
 objeut in preparing and publishing this pamphlet is to place before 
 enquirers such information as will enable them to decide for them- 
 selves whether, and if so, where, they should patent an invention, 
 register a trade mark, design, or copyright, the probable cost, how 
 to proceed, guide them in selecting an efficient attorney, and in the 
 event of selecting myself, how to communicate with me in such a 
 manner as to prevent loss and waste of time at both ends. This 
 Guide will do more, however. It contains much information which 
 is useful and often indespensible to patentees and to others interested 
 in patents, financially or otherwise. I believe this is the most 
 comprehensive little work of its kind that has made its appearance 
 on Canadian soil yet, and, text books excepted, perhaps anywhere 
 else. All the information found here, though unencumbered with 
 details and shorn as far as possible of technicalities, is absolutely 
 reliable, and as far as it relates to my own practice, it describes the 
 course which 1 invariably follow and from which I shall not deviate 
 on any account. All this you will have gratia and be welcome to it, 
 but it is all that you will get from me at the same price. I hope I 
 have produced a Guide that will bear looking at and will be worth 
 keeping for future reference. In conclusion I may say that I will 
 be thankful for any suggestions that may tend to improve any 
 future editions. 
 
 A. HARVEY. 
 Ottawa, March 30th, 1886. 
 
HARVEY'S GUIDE TO PATENTS. 
 
 •*SW*HI*«il*H*Ht 
 
 WHAT IS AN INVENTION ? 
 
 Adj improvement in the whole or part of any machine, tool, 
 utensil, article of manufacture, or other thing, process, art, mode 
 or manner of construction, composition of matter, oi other object 
 by which a new result is obtained, i. e., by which better or more 
 work may be done, or that may cheapen the production of the 
 object or the work it produces, or that may make it more durable 
 or save labor, time or effort, or that in short is useful, is an 
 invention. 
 
 An invention may be the result of thought or labor and 
 experiment, or it may be the outcome of a chance idea, thought 
 or suggestion. 
 
 WHAT SHOULD BE DONE WITH AN INTENTION ? 
 
 An invention is of no commercial value to the originator or 
 inventor unless it is protected by letters patent. By the aid of 
 letters patent an invention may be converted into a property 
 similar to personal or real estate, and may become the source of 
 great wealth, as has been the case in numerous instances. An 
 mvention not protected by letters patent is often of no value or 
 service to anyone or to mankind at large, because it usually remains 
 undeveloped, becomes neglected and finally disregarded. But a 
 patented invention is bound to be brought before the public by the 
 sheer self-interest of the patentee, who, by patenting it, has invested 
 a certain amount of money in it, apart of any labor for which, at 
 least, he strives to recoup himself ; and if the invention is 
 
meritorious it is sure to yield a handsome return to the patentee 
 and confer a boon upon the public at large besides. 
 
 The day is past for keeping inventions secret. It may still, 
 perhaps, be done in isolated instances, such as medicines, but is 
 always risky and not to be commended. 
 
 WHAT IS A PATENT ? 
 
 A patent may be described as a license from the Government 
 to come before the public and claim a property in the invention 
 for which it has been grantor' It is the title to, or prima facie 
 evidence of, ownership in the invention, and is received as such 
 before a court of justice. A patent, in fact, secures to its holder 
 the exclusive ownership of the invention to which it refers for a 
 term of years, subject, however, to any decision of a court of 
 justice should the same be questioned before any legal tribunal, 
 much in the same manner as the title to any other property. If 
 a patent is assailed, burden of proof lies upon the assailant. 
 
 With only a few exceptions, patents may now be 
 obtained from almost all the governments in the world, they 
 recognizing the justice of compensating inventors for their genius 
 labor and capital expended upon the invention, by granting to the 
 patentee a monopoly for the sale of the invention during a 
 specified term of years. 
 
 All governments granting patents do so upon condition that 
 the invention for which a patent is sought is fully disclosed in the 
 application for the same. In other words, a specification, accom- 
 panied wherever it is possible by drawings, is required, fully and 
 accurately describing and shoiving the invention. 
 
 In addition to the specification, most governments require 
 the applicant or applicants for a patent to file a sworn statement 
 that he, she or they, is or are, the true and first inventors of the 
 invention ; consequently patents can only be applied for by the 
 inventor or inventors. 
 
 WHAT INVENTIONS ARE PATENTABLE? 
 
 Every invention is not patentable. A patent cannot be 
 obtained, and if obtained is not valid, for an invention that is not 
 patentable in law, or if it has been substantially anticipated by 
 others. 
 
 An invention must have a practical shape, i.e., it must be 
 such that it can be put into practical use without further exercise 
 of ingenuity or inventive skill, and hence mere scientific principle 
 or abstract theory cannot be the subject of a patent. Nor are 
 
inventions patentable that have an illicit object in view, or those 
 adverse to public morals. 
 
 Some governments also make exceptions in certain lines of 
 industry, foods and drugs, &c. 
 
 An expert is usually able to tell at a glance what is patentable 
 in law and what is not, but a search is necessary to be made to 
 ascertain whether an invention has been anticipated. Nor is it 
 always easy for an expert to say whether a subject for which a 
 patent is desired is an invention at all. Very nice points arise 
 sometimes on this question. 
 
 WHEN SHOULD AN INVENTION BE PATENTED? 
 
 In this respect the practice of different countries varies 
 considerably. In the United States an application for a patent 
 must be made before the invention has been in public use or on 
 sale in the United States for more than two vears. In Canada, 
 before an invention has been in public use or on sale more than 
 one year, or within one year of the date of a patent in the United 
 States or elsewhere. In England application for a patent must 
 be made before the invention has been in public use or on sale in 
 Great Britain at all, or before it has been published there. In 
 Germany and in France applications must be made before the 
 invention has been published, and in Germany the issue of the 
 printed specification in Washington is regarded as publication. 
 
 WHERE SHOULD INVENTIONS BE PATENTED ? 
 
 It is impossible to lay down a general rule as to which 
 countries an invention snould be patented in. There are 
 some wiiich would pay in every country in which they were 
 secured, whereas on the other hand there are countries in which 
 certain inventions would not pay at all. This is a question which 
 must be determined by the applicant himself. Much will depend 
 on the facilities possessed by a patentee to realize upon his patent. 
 However, besides the United States and Canada, meritor- 
 ious patents always constitute valuable property in Great 
 Britain, and now that patents can be obtamed (since the 
 new Patent Act of 1883) at a reasonable cost, the question 
 whether to make an application there ought to be carefully 
 considered. Germany, too, where patents are now granted almost 
 as freely as in the United States if placed in the hands of solicitors 
 who understand their business, ought to be considered. 
 
 On another page will be found a table giving a list of 
 countries granting patents, arranged in the order of their 
 
importance to inventors generally, together with many other 
 details and particulars. 
 
 To inventors resident in Canada, a Canadian patent is often 
 the most valuable, and in some instances the only oue of value, 
 but when circumstances permit, a good plan to pursue is to apply 
 for a United States patent and a Canadian patent at the same 
 time, allowing the Canadian application to remain in the Ottawa 
 Patent Office without going to issue before the United States is 
 allowed. When the United States is allowed, then is the time to 
 consider whether application is to be made in any European or 
 other foreign countries, and if so, to put the applications in hand, 
 then pay the final fee for the United States and allow the latter 
 patent to issue, and also the Canadian. The next best plan, if 
 from individual circumstances the above is impracticable, is to 
 apply for a patent in the United States and filing a caveat in 
 Canada. i, 
 
 SEARCHES OR PRELIMINARY EXAMINATIONS. 
 
 To prevent the useless expenditure of money and time on 
 what may be " thought " to be a patentable invention, the inventor 
 or other party interested ought to have a search made to ascertain 
 whether the invention is patentable. To enable me to make a 
 search, send me a model of the invention, no matter how rough, 
 or a drawing or rough sketch with a brief description, pointmg 
 out the features which the inventor considers new and valuable, 
 and a fee of $5.00 if for Canada, or $10.00 if for the United 
 States, or $15.00 if for both countries. I will then, if the 
 invention is a patentable subject, make search to ascertain if it 
 has been anticipated by prior patents, and report in due course. 
 This search can only be extended to patents already issued, not to 
 caveats or pending applications, these not being open to the public ; 
 it is therefore not absolutely reliable, but it is found so with very 
 few exceptions. As I am at the seat of the Patent Office, and 
 have access to the original records and models, no one else is so 
 well qualified to make these examinations. 
 
 '• . •■. '. ' •. CAVEATS. 
 
 A caveat is a document describing an invention under the 
 oath of the inventor, which is tiled in the secret archives of the 
 Patent Office, entitling the person tiling it to receive during 
 the 12 months following the date of filing notice from the Patent 
 Office if application is made for a patent by another person for 
 the same invention. A caveat costs less than a patent, but afPords 
 
t 
 
 an indifferent sort of piotection for one year only. The money 
 spent upon it, however, will not count towards the obtaining 
 of a patent thereafter. It will not prevent any one making or 
 manufacturing the invention. Any one may file a caveat in 
 Canada, but only citizens of the United States can file caveats in 
 the United States. A caveat is only then advisable if the inventor 
 has any expectation of making further improvements in his 
 invention and is afraid to be forestalled by others with what he 
 already has got. A caveat can be renewed. Cost, generally 
 $20.00. Required — a rough sketch or model with description and 
 the fee. Provisional protection in England is something like a 
 caveat in Canada or United States, and is open to all. 
 
 MODELS. 
 
 In the United States Patent Office models are now seldom 
 asked for, especially if care be taken that the invention is fully 
 illustrated by the drawings. In intricate cases, however, a model 
 is, as a rule, required. 
 
 The Canadian Patent Office asks for a model before the 
 patent is delivered to the patentee. Application may, however, 
 be made without a model and the patent be allowed and issued. 
 The patent is then in full force no matter where the deed lies, 
 whether in the Patent Office or in the hands of the patentee. 
 
 A model for the Canada Patent Office must not exceed 12 
 inches in its largest dimension ; it must correspond with the 
 drawings and show all the parts that are claimed. 
 
 If a model is expensive, or the patentee is otherwise undesirous 
 to furnish one. a certified copy of the patent may be taken which 
 will answer the same purpose as the original. 
 
 If desired, 1 can get a model made here from the drawings 
 at a moderate cost. Tliis is a convenience to inventors wiio do 
 not make their own models anyhow, it saves express charges and 
 insures the model just being what is necessary. 
 
 For the purpose of preparing the application it is, however, 
 desirable to send a model no matter how rough, unless a clear 
 sketch or drawing with brief description, fully showing the 
 invention, can be furnished by the applicant. 
 
 In Great Britain a model is not required ; the office has a 
 right, however, to call for one for deposit in the Museum, but in 
 such a case the office will pay for it. Germany only requires a 
 model or specimen in the case of fire-arms, skates, shuttles and 
 spindles. Other European countries do not, as a rule, require one. 
 (bee table.) 
 
8 
 
 Models should be addressed " A. Harvey, Ottawa," marked 
 "Patent Model" and sent by express, charges fully prepaid, 
 otherwise the sender will be required to refund any actual 
 disbursement. In some cases, models may be more conveniently 
 sent by " Parcel Post " or " Sample Post " within the Dominion, 
 or as a letter. 
 
 UNITED STATES. 
 
 The United States Patent Office grants patents for 17 years ; 
 if, however, a patent is allowed subsequent to the issue of a patent 
 in Canada or any other country, the United States patent will be 
 good only for the residue of the term for which the Canadian 
 or other foreign patent is issued. Thus, if a United States patent 
 is issued one year after the date of a Canada patent, the United 
 States patent will be good foi' 14 years only, &c. 
 
 The application must consist of a petition, oath, specification 
 and drawmgs on cardboard, very carefully and artistically 
 executed, and a fee of $15.00. The application is then 
 subjected by the Patent Office to a severe examination, 
 and obiect:or.i are generally raised which have to be over- 
 come, if possible, by argument or amendment. The patent 
 may then be allowed, and upon payment of the final fee 
 of $20.00, the patent will generally issue within about three 
 weeks of payment thereof, which must be made within six months 
 of allowance. The patent dates from the day of issue. The 
 specification and drawings are printed, and copies m.ay be obtained 
 at a cost of 25c per copy. The grant is advertised in the Official 
 Gazette of the Patent Office^ with copy of claims and sketch. I 
 keep the publication on file. The time in which a patent is 
 allowed, varies from about three weeks to one year and longer, 
 the average being about three months in ordinary cases. The 
 total cost of a patent in ordinary cases is $60.00 ; of this, $25.00 
 should be sent to me with the order. I then proceed to prepare 
 • the papers and send them to the inventor for signature and return 
 to me with the first government fee of .$15.00; I then file the 
 case, receive and send the official acknowledgement, and continue to 
 prosecute the application. If the application is refused and not 
 appealed, all the fees paid are lost. If allowed, the final fee of 
 $20.00 may be paid within six months after date of allowance and 
 the patent will be received about three weeks after payment of 
 the final fee. 
 
 CANADA. 
 
 A Canadian patent is issued for 15 years, and covers all 
 the Provinces and Territories of the Dominion. The application 
 
9 
 
 must consist of a petition, oath, and duplicate specification all signed 
 by the inventor or inventors, and a fee of $20.00. If admissable, 
 drawings in triplicate must form part of the specification. The 
 gpvernment fee of $20.00 is regarded as a partial fee maintaining 
 the patent for 5 years, before the expiration of whicli term another 
 $20.00 must be paid and a "certificate of payment of further fee" 
 attached to the patent, this maintaining the patent for another five 
 years, before the end of which another fee of $20.00 may be paid 
 to maintain the patent to the end of its term. The whole govern- 
 ment fee of $60.00 may be paid before the issue of the patent if 
 the applicai it chooses to do so— now rarely done. 
 
 The trcal cost of a Canadian patent is $45.00 in ordinary 
 cases ; of this $25.00 must be sent on instructing me to prepare 
 the application, which will then be prepared and sent for the 
 inventor's signature and return to me with ilie government fee of 
 $20.00. The application will then be filed and the ofiicial 
 acknowledgement sent to the applicant. The office examines the 
 application and may make objections which either have to be 
 overcome by argument or amendment, or the application has to be 
 abandoned. In the latter case the government refunds one-half 
 the government fee. 
 
 The patent dates from the day of issve^ which is generally 
 about two to four weeks after filing the application. The issue of a 
 patent may, however, be delayed if desired. The patent is granted 
 subject to certain conditions as to importatioii and manu- 
 facture, referred to in full hereinafter. The grant is advertised 
 with diagram and claims in The Canadian Patent Office Record^ 
 which I keep on file. Specifications and drawings are not printed, 
 one copy of the original documents being attached to the patent. I 
 furnish a type-writer copy for that purpose, which is much neater 
 and more legible and compact than manuscript writing. 
 
 Patented articles must be marked *' Patented 1885 " or as the 
 case may be, otherwise the patentee is liable to a penalty. 
 
 GREAT BRITAIN. 
 
 A British patent covers Great Britain and Ireland, the 
 Channel Islands, and Isle of Man. Patents are granted for 14 
 years dating from the date of application. The application may 
 commence with a " Provisional " giving protection for 9 months, 
 or with a " Complete " with the fees paid for the first four years. 
 The cost of " Provisional Protection " in ordinary cases is $80.00, 
 and of the " Complete Specification " $50.00, in all $80.00 ; but 
 if a " complete" specification is proceeded with at first the total 
 cost is $00.00 only. Before the end of the fourth and seventh 
 
10 
 
 year, a tax of £50.0.0 and £100.0.0 respectively becomes due, 
 which, however, may be paid in four annual instalments of £10,0.0 
 two of £15.0.0 and four of £20.0.0 each. 
 
 The specification and drawings are printed by the Patent 
 Office, and kept for sale. Prices vary with length of documents 
 from 4c upv/ards. The application and grant is advertised in 
 The Official Journal of the Patent OJfice, which I keep on file. 
 
 There is no restriction as to manufacture or importation ; but 
 a patentee, if inactive, may be compelled to grant licenses. 
 
 An affidavit (declaration) by the inventor, is required, but 
 patents may be applied for by others as a *' communication." 
 
 I prepare all the necessary documents myself, and conduct 
 the entire transaction personally, being an old practitioner in 
 England and consequently quite familiar with the practice and all 
 requirements. In instructing me to proceed, send me a deposit 
 of $30.00, you will then receive the necessary papers for signature, 
 and return to me with balance of fees. 
 
 Application must be made before the invention is published in 
 England or commercially introduced there. 
 
 Extensions are sometimes granted by the Privy Council. 
 
 GERMANY. 
 
 Patents covering the entire German Empire including all the 
 separate States, for which formerly separate patents had to be 
 taken, are now issued under the law of 1877, and are good lor 15 
 years. Patents are now granted almost as freely as in the United 
 States, although applications undergo a strict examination and 
 examiners have the character of being somewhat capricious. The 
 cost of a patent in ordinary cases is $60.00, subject to an annual 
 tax commencing with marks 50.00 and increasing annually by that 
 amount. A patent is expected to be worked in Germany within 
 three years. Patents date from date of application. The patent is 
 guaranteed by the government. If a patent is refused $7.00 are 
 refunded. 
 
 I prepare all the necessary documents myself in the German 
 language, with which I am as familiar as with the English. This 
 is a gre<it advantage to patentees, as specifications are, as a general 
 rule, merely translated, and thereby invariably suffer from literal 
 transcription, which often destroys the sense of the document and 
 the value of the patent. 
 
 The application should be made before the United States 
 patent is issued, or before the invention has been published any- 
 where. An unlegalized power of attorney is all that requires to 
 be signed by the patentee. • 
 
The application and grant is advertised in the PaUntblnti 
 which I keep on tile Specifications and drawings are published, 
 and may be purchased ; cost, mk. l.OO. Patents of addition are 
 granted. 
 
 Send $30.00 with instructions. - 
 
 .,',..;■:/■"..:'.; * FRANCE. 
 
 ^ 
 
 In France patents are issued for ^ 5 years without examination. 
 The cost in an ordinary case is $60.00, subject to an annual tax of 
 fr. 100. The patent dates from day of " application," and the 
 patent must be worked within two years from the " issue " of the 
 patent. A certificate of working is easily procured. It is 
 advisable to apply for a French patent before the publication of 
 the specification elsewhere. A power of attorney is all that need 
 be signed by the inventor. France is, generally speaking, a good 
 field for the patentee. 
 
 In instructing me to prepare papers for a French patent, 
 please send a deposit of $30.00. 
 
 Patents of addition are granted. 
 
 BELGIUM. 
 
 Belgium, though a small country, is a regular industrial hive, 
 and gives one of the most desirable patents at a cost of $45.00 
 in ordinary cases, subject to an annual tax of fr. 10, increasing 
 annually by the same amount. A patent expires with the one 
 granted elsewhere, and is expected to be worked within one year 
 of the same being worked elsewhere. 
 
 Patents of addition are granted. 
 
 OTHER FOREIGN COUNTRIES. 
 
 For other foreign countries and for additional particulars 
 relating to the above, see table on another page. 
 
 In Greece patents arc only granted by special Acts of the 
 Chamber. Holland and Switzerland do not grant patents, but 
 efforts are being made to pass a law. Roumania, Servia and 
 Montenegro do not grant patents. Finland is not included in a 
 Russian patent but grants a separate one. 
 
 Further particulars may be had upon application, , 
 
 ■'"'*^' ^ ■'' ^ ASSIGNMENTS. 
 
 A patent may be sold or assigned wholly, partly or 
 territorially. If au assignment of the whole or a part is filed in 
 
19 
 
 the United States or Canada before issue, the patent will be issued 
 wholly or partly to the assignee. All assignments, to have legal 
 force and effect, must be recorded in the Patent Office. Ihe 
 cost of preparing and recording an assignment is $5.00 in the 
 United States or Canada, and $15.00 in Great Britain. 
 
 If an assignment for Canada is sent ready prepared and in 
 duplicate, the cost of recording is $4.00, the fee to be remitted , 
 • ith document. j 
 
 If a French patent is assigned the whole of the annual taxes 
 coming due must be paid in advance. 
 
 Instructions to prepare assignments should be accompanied 
 by the full names, addresses and occupations of the assignor and 
 assignee and the fee. 
 
 If an inventor assigns a fpatent in one country, it will riot 
 affect his right to a patent in another country. 
 
 Parties purchasmg patents ought to protect themselves by 
 having an expert examination made as to title and validit}' of the 
 patent they are about to acquire. Patents are often worthless by 
 leason of defective specification and from other causes. 
 
 DISCLAIMERS. 
 
 If the claims of a United States or Canadian patent are too 
 broad, or if more is claimed than is new, a disclaimer may be filed 
 in the Patent Office. The fee for preparing and tiling a disclaimer 
 in Canada is $10.00. A British patent may be "amended." 
 
 EXTENSION OF PATENTS, OR "CERTIFICATES OF 
 PAYMENT OF FURTHER FEES." 
 
 Canadian patents, on which the partial fee of $20.00 for five 
 years, or $40.00 for ten years, has been paid, expire at the end of 
 the term for which the fees are so paid ; but a petition may be 
 filed and further fees paid hefore the term expires^ and the life of 
 the patent prolonged to the second or the full term. The govern- 
 ment fee for each five years is $20.<iO, and my fee is $5.00. On 
 receipt of the patent and a fee of $5.00, I prepare a petition and 
 send it for the holder's signature, to be returned to me with the 
 government fee of either $20.00 or $40.00, as may be desired by 
 the holder ; or the whole fee may be senttat once with the patent, 
 when I prepare and sign the petition as the patentee's attorney, 
 and return the patent a few days after receipt, with the " Certifi- 
 cate of Payment " attached to the same. 
 
 [f the original patent has been lost or is not available for 
 other reasons, the certificate can be attached to a certified copy. 
 
13 
 
 Canadian Patents are never extended to be in force more 
 than 15 years, and if application for " certificate " is not made 
 strictlv witljin the current term the patent irrevocably expires. 
 
 For the payment of annual or other taxes in foreign countries 
 add a fee ot $10.00 to the quoted government fees. In some 
 countries the patent must be produced for the purpose, in others 
 (Great Britain, Germany, France, Belgium, &c.) not. 
 
 IMPORTATION. 
 
 Articles protected by Canadian patents may not be imported 
 into Canada after the patent is 12 months old (Section 28 of the 
 Patent Act). In special cases, however, (as when further importa- 
 tion is conducive to starting the manufacture in Canada) the 
 Commissioner of Patents, under authority of sub-section 3, may 
 grant a delay not exceeding one year, upon petition, stating the 
 reasons, filed within the last three months of the time limited for 
 importation. More than 6 months is seldom granted at a time. 
 
 My charge for preparing and prosecuting a petition for further 
 delay for importation is $10.00, one half payable with instructions 
 and the balance when returning papers sent to applicant for 
 signature. 
 
 MANUFACTURE. 
 
 Section 28 of the Canadian Patent Act, printed upon each 
 patent, states that the patent " shall cease and determine, and the 
 patent shall be null and void at the end of two years from the 
 date thereof, unless the patentee or his assignee or assignees shall, 
 within that period, have commenced, and shall, after such com- 
 mencement, continuously carry on in Canada, the construction or 
 manufacture of the invention or discovery patented, in such 
 manner that any person desiring to use it may obtain it or cause 
 it to be made for him at a reasonable price, &c." 
 
 Sub-section 2, however, empowers the Commissioner to grant 
 further delay (generally a year at a time) upon petition, giving 
 satisfactory reasons, filed within the three months preceding the 
 expiry of the time. 
 
 No patent, except the Bell Telephone patent. No. 7,789, has 
 yet been annulled under that section of the Act, owing to the 
 liberal interpretation of the same in the celebrated cause of 
 Barter vs. Smith, a report of which is distributed free of charge 
 by the Patent OflSce, although a local patent solicitor sells it for 
 $1.00 as a " pamphlet expounding the law." I will send you a 
 copy of that report and also of the telephone case upon application 
 and receipt of 3 cent stamp. 
 
I« 
 
 Whenever a patentee is unable to manufacture within the 
 prescribed time, it is the safest plan to apply for an extension 
 of time. Mv charge for preparing and prosecuting a petition is 
 $10.00, one half of which should be sent with the patent and the 
 reasons for non-manufacture, and the balance when returning the 
 papere which I shall send to the applicant for signature. 
 
 Parties requiring further information upon tnis subject should 
 procure a copy of The Manufacturing Clause of the Patent Act, 
 An Argument and Advice, by A. Harvey, C. E., and which I will 
 mail to any address on receipt of 25 cents. 
 
 The Annual Report for 1884: of the Minister of Agriculture, 
 as Commissioner of ratents, has the following passage : 
 
 "The decision in the Bell Telephone patent No. 7789, where 
 liie patent was declared void under the provisions of section 28 
 of the Patent Act, should act as a caution to patentees not to 
 jeopardize their property, but comply strictly with the provisions 
 of that section of the Act with reference to importation, manufac- 
 ture and sale of patented articles." 
 
 PROSECUTING REJECTED APPLICATIONS. 
 
 Applications for patents are sometimes rejected because the 
 papers are not properly prepared, in other cases upon reference to 
 some prior patent, and for other reasons. These objections or 
 rejections are often based on defective grounds, and in such cases 
 can generally be overcome by argument. Being at the seat of 
 the Patent Office, I have often succeeded in passing rejected 
 applications filed by inventors themselves or by other attorneys. 
 I shall be happy to take up such cases when required. The 
 minimum fee for such service is $10.00, but may be liigher acord- 
 ing to the nature of the case. 
 
 This also applies to applications for United States patents, 
 and I have frequently obtained patents which had been refused 
 to others. 
 
 INTERFERENCES. 
 
 It occurs that two or more applications for patents for the 
 same inventions, by different inventors, are pending at the same 
 time in the United States or Canada. In such a case an inter- 
 ference is declared — in other words, proceedings are instituted to 
 ascertain who is the first inventor. In England and Germany 
 there is an opposition stage, when an application may be opposed. 
 The cost of such proceedings vary and are not included in the 
 fees quoted. The proportion of applications in which they occur 
 is small. Of course an applicant is not bound to enter in these 
 
15 
 
 proceedinffB, but may abandon his application at that stage and 
 avoid furtlier expense. 
 
 In the United States these proceedings are very intricate, and 
 require much knowledge and experience. I have had a fair share 
 of practice in these cases. 
 
 EXPERT EXAMINATIONS. 
 
 A patent may be invalid from defective specification and 
 drawings and bad claims; too much may be claimed or not enough. 
 Owing to the large number of patents issued, infringements are 
 necessarily occurring. Purchasers of patents, therefore, should 
 satisfy themselves of the validity of what they are about to acquire. 
 A proper knowledge of the subject and of patent law and facilitiei 
 for research are necessary for this work. My engineering know- 
 ledge, patent law experience, reference files and free access to the 
 Patent Office records are combined facilities not possessed by any 
 other patent attorney in the Dominion. The fee for such service 
 varies with the nature of the case. 
 
 THE SPECIFICATION AND DRAWINGS. 
 
 The specification is the life of a patent, and the claim is 
 the soul of the specification. There are many ways of writing a 
 specification, but there is only one way which is the best. No 
 one who is not thoroughly accustomed to and experienced in 
 writing specifications is able to produce a good one. I do not 
 pretend to say that I am the only person who can write a good 
 specification, although this holds good locally ; but there are 
 comparatively few attorneys that do. It has been officially stated 
 that in over 33% of the patents issued in the United States the 
 papers are badly prepared and worthless, and that less than 25% 
 of them show careful and good work. A long specification ought 
 always to be looked upon with suspicion ; a specification should 
 not contain too much, but yet enough. I have to see the man 
 yet who can beat me at it. Furnish me with all the informrtion 
 that can throw light upon your invention, and leave the rest to 
 me ; but do not refrain from criticising my work because of what 
 I have just said. Never attempt to write your own specification. 
 All my specifications are copied on a double letter type-writer of 
 the most improved construction (caligraph). giving all the docu- 
 ments produced in my office a uniform, neat and compact appear- 
 ance, wnich is of some value, at least in a Canadian patent, of 
 which the original document forms a part. 
 
1(^ 
 
 Drawings. — All inventions forming the subject of an applica- 
 tion for a patent must be represented by drawings if it is practi- 
 cable, and the drawings form an important feature in a patent. 
 Being myself an expert draftsman — acknowledged the best in this 
 district — I know how to direct my assistants and what to expect 
 from them, and 1 never allow any except first-class work to leave 
 my office. Many patent attorneys are not draftsmen and keep 
 none; they get their work done out of the house, and when done, 
 perhaps hardly know whether it is done right or wrong; and 
 again matiy are themselves, or employ, poor hands whose work will 
 not pass muster. I have also a photographic copying apparatus, 
 and can supply first-class " blue " copies of drawings at moderate 
 cost. 
 
 COPIES OF PATENTS. 
 
 I procure copies of Canadian patents on short notice. Cana- 
 dian patents not being printed, the cost is comparatively high, 
 being from $4.00 upwards. In ordering please state if " ofiico " 
 or " certified " copy is required ; give the number of the patent, 
 and send the minimum fee. I also obtain printed copies of United 
 States specifications at 25 cents per copy, English and German 
 specifications at from $1.00 per copy downwards. In all cases 
 tne number of the patent must be given with the order, or the 
 fee for searching for it may amount to many times the cost of the 
 copy. 
 
 GIVING ADVICE. 
 
 I am at all times willing to send this Guide, free of charge, 
 to anyone desiring information with a view of placing business 
 into my hands, and to give them by letter any information relating 
 to my charges or oflfice practice gratis, but I ought not to be asked 
 to give advice on patent law, opinions or other information or 
 advice, without a lee. Bear in mind, my experience and skill is 
 the only commodity which I have to sell, and if it is worth having 
 it is worth paying for. As a successful engineering practitioner 
 of many years standing, and having now devoted for a long period 
 my unaivided attention to the patent practice, I am able to give 
 sound advice on any matter relating to patents ; but such advice 
 must invariably be paid for. A letter asking for advice should 
 be accompanied by a fee to insure attention. 
 
 COST AND FEES. 
 
 Wherever a fee is quoted in this Guide, it is understood that 
 it refers to cases called "ordinary," that is to say, involving 
 
If 
 
 an ordinary amount of work and skill. If such a fee be sent 
 without previous confirtnation by me, and I do not con- 
 sider it adequate with the service required, I will inform 
 my correspondent and hold the fee ready to be returned to 
 him if unwilling to pay the higher fee which I may be com- 
 pelled to ask under the circumstances. When cases are more 
 than " ordinary," ^. e. large or intricate, my fees will be higher 
 than those quoted in print, but I shall be happy at all 
 times to quote the exact fee upon receipt oi fuU particulars as to 
 what is required. My fees are always as moderate as thorough 
 and concientious work will warrant, and they are invariably 
 payable in advance. Do not be offended at my asking for fees 
 m advance ; it is not an expression of want of confidence, but an 
 invariable rule. (See Business, p. 23.) Satisfy yourself about my 
 reputation, and if you have no confidence in me do not send me 
 your ^business. 
 
 HOW TO SEND MONEY. 
 
 Funds may best be sent by postal order, payable to A. Harvey, 
 Ottawa, Canada. Remittance may also be made by bank draft. 
 Bank bills having par value here may be sent in a registered letter 
 or by express, prepaid. Cheques should be marked "good" and 
 made payable at par, or have 25 cents added for cost of collection. 
 In cases of urgency money may also be transmitted through a 
 telegraph oflice. Amounts under $1.00 will be accepted in 
 postage stamps, but the fractional paper currency ought to be 
 made use of whenever practicable. Money should never be 
 inclosed with models. A numbered receipt will invariably be 
 sent on the day on which the money is received. 
 
 CORRESPONDENCE. 
 
 All letters should be brief and to the point. They may be 
 in English, German or French. Letters asking for information 
 (except as to fees) not contained in this GuroE, should have 
 enclosed at least $1.00 to insure attention ; a larger fee may not 
 then be required. I restrict my gratuitous correspondence to 
 information relating to my fees and my oflice practice. When 
 writing in reference to any existing patent, always quote its 
 number ; if replying to a circular, give also the number of the 
 same at the opposite right hand corner. 
 
 This Guide, sent with paragraphs marked, is intended as a 
 respectful answer to inquiries. 
 
 Man kann atuih mit mir Deutach correspondireiu 
 
18 
 
 PERSONAL ATTENDANCE IN OTTAWA. 
 
 Applicants for patents need not attend personally in Ottawa. 
 1 undertake to secure a patent as efficiently and promptly as if 
 the inventor were present, and all can be done between the 
 applicant and myself by correspondence. 
 
 I shall be happy, however, to make the personal acquaintance 
 of inventors, and extend to them, as far as my business engage- 
 ments will permit, my cordial welcome when happening to visit 
 Ottawa, the political capital of the Dominion, with its fine 
 departmental and parliamentary buildings, uniquely situated, its 
 celebrated waterfall, its grand river (Jttawa, gigantic lumber 
 trade and other interesting features. 
 
 SECEECY. 
 
 The strictest secrecy is observed by me in all matters passing 
 through my hands. 
 
 SALE OR REALIZATION OF PATENTS. 
 
 As I concentrate my attention entirely upon a strictly pro- 
 fessional practice, and often act as confidential adviser to my 
 clients, I find it incompatible with good practice to purchase 
 inventions, undertake the sale of patents on commission, or to 
 procure patents partly or entirely at my own expense, for the 
 consideration of an interest therein, and I never undertake business 
 on such terms. Neither can I undertake to find parties who are 
 willing to defray the expense of patenting inventions on the 
 promise that if I find such a party, the business shall pass through 
 my hands. As, however, there are no reliable patent brokers in 
 Canada, I am, for the convenience of my clients, at all times 
 willing to offer, on their behalf and on its own merits, the inven- 
 tion or patent to be disposed of, for sale or royalty, to a select 
 number of manufacturers and others likely to be interested, pro- 
 vided the nature of the invention admits of this being done. My 
 fee for this service is $10.00 in ordinary cases. I am also prepared 
 to supply select lists of manufactures at an ''verage cost of $2.00 
 per list, or to undertake the preparation of commercial circulars, 
 pamphlets in English or German, and newspaper articles relating 
 to inventions or patents, at a cost from $5.00 upwards. I also 
 procure directories of any description and insert advertisements 
 m any Canadian, United States, English, German or French paper. 
 I further procure statistical information on all subjects likely to 
 
19 
 
 be of service in the sale or utilization of patents. For these 1 
 shall be pleased to quote terms upon application accompanied by 
 all necessary particulars. 
 
 GENERAL REMARKS AND OBSERVATIONS. 
 
 If you have constructed a new machine, a new tool, utensil 
 or other article, devised a new mode of construction, or made an 
 improvement on one of them, compounded a new medicine or 
 other matter, or found oui a new process, however slight the 
 improvement may be, consider whether it is worth your while to 
 
 {)atent it ; i. e., consider whether anyone else besides yourself is 
 ikely to require the same thing, or whether it is a thing you do 
 not want anyone else besides yourself to use. Decide that 
 question yourself, and if you decide to patent, go or write at 
 once to a respectable solicitor of patents. Come to me and you 
 will be in good hands. If you are doubtful whether your inven- 
 tion is patentable, have" a search made, or take such other advice 
 as you may think necessary. Pay me a fee and do not expect me 
 to work for you on the promise that you will give me the work 
 to do if you decide to have any done — it does not pay you or me 
 either. If satisfied on the point of patentability, consider in what 
 country or countries you will apply for a patent, and that decided, 
 send full particulars to me, with model or sketch, drawings or des- 
 cription, &c., and the required fee. Do not attempt to do the work 
 yourself ; in nine cases out of ten it does not pay ; you cannot 
 be your own lawyer, make your own clothes, and write your own 
 sermons, as Lord Brougham remarked. If you do, or go to an 
 incompetent man, you may waste your money or give your invention 
 away. You must have your specification and drawings prepared 
 in the very best manner, no matter what it costs you — but it will 
 cost you far less in the end to pay a good fee at first, than to get 
 it done for nothing by an incompetent man. Merely obtaining a 
 patent for you is a merit, but by no means all that is necessary. 
 
 TRADE MARKS, DESIGNS AND COPYRIGHTS. 
 
 CANADA. 
 
 Trade Marks may be registered as " general " or " specific." 
 The registration of a "general" mark endures without limita- 
 tion, and the cost is $40.00. A " specific " mark for any one 
 class of goods is registered for twenty -five years and can be 
 renewed again and again : the cost is $35.00. Three copies of 
 the mark should be sent to me with the fees, when, a couple of 
 
m 
 
 days after receiving the same, I can, if unopposed, mail the 
 certificate of registration, I signing the application as attorney ; 
 or if $10.00 only be sent, I shall prepare the appl/cation and send 
 it for signature and return to me with the balance of fees. The 
 character of the mark determines whether it is registerable as 
 a "general" or "specific" mark. Few can be registered as 
 " general." 
 
 Timber Marks — The use of timber marks is compulsory. 
 The cost of registering the same is $7.00. 
 
 A request for searching the register to ascertain if any one 
 mark is registered, should be accompanied by a fee of $3.00 
 
 Industrial Designs may be registered for five years before 
 publication, at a cost of $15.00, and may be renewed for five years 
 more. Registered articles must be marked "Rgd. 188-" with 
 name of proprietor. Only residents in Canada may register 
 designs. A penalty is attached to marking articles as registered 
 when this is not the case. 
 
 Design registration only protects the configuration of an 
 article as represented. 
 
 Copyrights of books, maps, charts, pictures (prints or works 
 of art), music, &c., may be registered only by persons domiciled 
 in Canada or in aiiy country having an international treaty with 
 Great Britain. Kegistration may be effected before or after 
 publication, is good for twenty-eight years, and is renewable. 
 Publication must take place in Canada, and the name of the 
 publisher must be stated. I require three copies of the object to 
 be copyrighted, a fee of $5.00 and the name and address of the 
 proprietor. For works of art, a description only is required, 
 with fee and name of proprietor. Registered rights are assign- 
 able. Assignments must be recorded— cost, $5.00. 
 
 The number registered was : — 
 
 Timber Marks. Copyrights. 
 
 U 281 
 
 666 2,612 
 
 Trade Marks may be registered for thirty years, at a cost of 
 $40.00. A distinction is made in labels, which may be registered 
 at a cost of $15.00. 
 
 Designr Patents lor 3^, 7 or 14 years, costing $25.00, $35.00 
 or $50.00, can only be obtained by citizens of the United States. 
 
 
 Trade Marks. Designs. 
 
 In 1884 
 
 Total to 1S85. 
 
 196 68 
 2,397 606 
 
 »■/ 
 
 UNIIKD STATES 
 
H 
 
 Copyt-ighta can only be registered by citizens of the United 
 States — cost $5.00. 
 
 1 he number registered was: — i 
 
 Trade Marks. Labels, Designs. 
 
 In 1884 1,021 513 1,150 
 
 Total to 1885 11,843 4,304 15,678 v 
 
 GREAT BRITAIN. J 
 
 Trade Ma/rhs — Registration is open to the world under 
 the Acts of 1876 and 1883. Anyone may use an unregwtered 
 mark without molestation or liability. Registration is good 
 for 14 years, and may be in one or more classes, and one or 
 more marks may be registered in one class. The Trade Marks 
 Registration OflSce, forming a branch of the Patent Office, 
 issues a weekly paper. The Trade Marks Journal^ containing all 
 applications for registration and illustrations of the marks applied 
 for. This lournal 1 keep on tile, at quite an expense it is true, 
 but it is, I believe, not kept anywhere else in the Dominion, and 
 it is a great convenience to me for making searches, and to my 
 clients, etc. 
 
 The cost of registration is $20.00 for one mark in one class ; 
 three and in some classes four copies of the mark to be furnished, 
 also a cut or electrotype of the mark not exceeding two inches 
 square. If this size is exceeded an extra charge is made. Assign- 
 ments must be recorded ; cost, $10.00 for the first, and $6,00 
 for the second and following, presented for registration at the 
 same time. 
 
 Designs may be registered in one or more of twelve classes 
 for five years ; cost $10.00. In two other classes (13 and 14) $5.00, 
 the latter including designs printed or woven on textile piece 
 goods, and handkerchiefs and shawls. 
 
 OTHER COUNTRIES. 
 
 I also register trademarks in the following countries:— 
 
 Oennany. France. Belgium. Austria. Hungai^-. Russia. Italy. Switzerland. 
 
 Cost:— $35 $35 $30 $35 $35 $35 $40 $25 
 
 In each case a wood-cut or electrotype is required, not exceed- 
 ing \\ in. square, and five copies of the mark. In Germany the 
 registration is good for ten years and renewable. In Switzerland, 
 for fifteen years. 
 
 PATENT ATTORNEYS. 
 
 The number of good patent attorneys from which to select is 
 beautifully small. Ihe work of a patent attorney has, during the 
 
last few years (and largely so by the practice of the U. S. Patent 
 Office), become a science, and those not in the practice (although 
 skilled in mechanical and technical work) as well as men who are 
 now old (and therefore usually " fossilized "), and also such who 
 have to rely upon outside or other assistance, are not in the race. 
 For Canadian Patents an attorney at Ottawa is a much greater 
 advantage than you may have any conception of. 
 
 It is your best policy to select that attorney of good standing 
 who has the most experience and best facilities, even if it costs 
 you more money, but this is generally the cheapest course in the 
 end. High fees do not necessarily make a good attorney, but 
 good work cannot be done for low fees. In the Rules of Practice 
 the Commissioner says : " It is in the interest of the applicant 
 "that the greatest possible care should be taken with the papers, 
 "as dispatch and regularity in the proceedings are thereby pro- 
 '• moted," and, " It is also recommended in every case, to have 
 " the papers and drawings prepared by competent persons, in the 
 " interest both of the applicant and of the public service." 
 
 Mr STANDING AS AN ATTORNEY. 
 
 I have had the advantage of a good technical education in a 
 politechnic school in Germany and of an engineering course in an 
 English university, which I left as prizeman. I have also worked 
 on the bench, been on the works and in the field, and devoted all 
 my life to the practice of my profession, having formerly been 
 an Assoc. Mmbr. Inst. Civil Engs., Mmbr. Inst. Mech. Engs., 
 Mitglied Vereins Deutscher Ingenieure, and connected with many 
 other scientific and literary societies. The past ten years I have 
 devoted exclusively to the patent practice in England and Canada ; 
 the two and a half years of residence in this city preceding the 
 opening of my own office I was engaged as draftsman, confidential 
 clerk and managing partner respectively with two local patent 
 attorneys. During the last three years the bulk of the patent 
 business transacted through agents in this city has passed through 
 my hands, and now I am the only local attorney who can legiti- 
 mately claim a scientific knowledge, combined with extensive 
 practical experience, and the one possessing the best facilities for 
 turning out careful and accurate work expeditiously and neatly. 
 
 A^ standing as an attorney before the Patent Office is of the 
 highest order. Being on the spot I can make personal representa- 
 tions in complicated or doubtful cases, and as my arguments are 
 respected, they are effective, and I am often enabled to pass cases 
 which have failed in other hands, and to pass ordinary cases in a 
 mnch shorter time. >o:]., -j. :■ - ■ ; ;. ; ^^ 
 
 \ 
 
" '^^ MY OFFICE. 
 
 My office occupies the top floor of the lar^e building (called 
 Victoria Chambers) located at the corner of Wellington and 
 O'Connor Streets, opposite the Patent Office and the Bank of 
 Montreal ; and though high up, is as easily approached as if it 
 were on the street level by means of an elevator, which you 
 enter from the hall on the ground floor. There is ample room 
 and plenty of light and air and a good view of the Cnaudiere 
 Falls and the country surrounding the city. There is a properly 
 organized system, and a well trained and efficient staff of drafts- 
 men and clerks is working under my personal supervision. 1 have 
 all modern works of reference, and files of tlie official publications 
 of the Patent Offices of Canada, United States, England (including 
 Trade Marks Journal)^ and Germany. All documents are copied 
 neatly and uniformly in my office upon one of the latest and most 
 improved type-writers (Caligraph). This alone is a great ad\'an- 
 tage, as one of the original documents is attached to the Canadian 
 patent, and these " machined " copies are always more legible, 
 compact and neater in appearance. The office is also connected 
 with the telephone excliange and by a private wire to my resi- 
 dence, thus enabling strangers arriving in the city out of office 
 hours to at once communicate with me verbally. In short, nothing 
 is wanting to enable me to turn out reliable work neatly and 
 quickl;y and to afford the greatest convenience to my clients. 
 
 BUSINESS ROUTINE. 
 
 All letters and other objects received in or sent from my 
 office are recorded in books kept for the purpose. My system 
 of book-keeping, as applied to my practice, has been admitted by 
 all to whom I nave shown it, to be the best they had seen. My 
 system saves me worry and temper, and insures safety and relia- 
 bility to my clients. On receipt of instructions, with fee, the case 
 is entered in my record book under a consecutive number, with 
 which all papers relating thereto are marked and tiled, and all 
 subsequent transactions, communications and incidents are entered 
 in appropriate columns until the final completion of the case. All 
 the books kept in my office are checks upon one another. They 
 make the history and progress of each case apparent at a glance, 
 and its veracity unquestionable. With order and without debt 
 (either way) business is a pleasure — a fact which I am fully 
 realizing ; and I prefer at any time to be without business rather 
 than depart from my business rules. 
 
21 
 
 TABVIiAR 
 
 Cost and Other Particulars of 
 
 ■f' : . 
 
 Country. 
 
 United States 
 
 Canada 
 
 Great Britain . . . . 
 Germany 
 
 Austria- Hungary. . 
 
 France 
 
 Belgium 
 
 Luxemburg 
 
 Italy 
 
 Spain 
 
 Portugal 
 
 Turkey 
 
 J 
 
 1 
 
 Area 
 
 Mil- 
 Iioni 
 
 Sq. Miles. 
 
 51 
 
 3,611,844 
 
 5 
 
 3.513.325 
 
 35 
 
 121,607 
 
 44 
 
 206,500 
 
 38 
 
 240,348 
 
 37 
 
 204,090 
 
 SH 
 
 11,373 
 
 lis 
 
 999 
 
 128 
 
 114,409 
 
 4H 
 
 »9S.774 
 
 \% 
 
 35.813 
 
 46 
 
 2,457.083 
 
 J? O «' 
 
 < 
 
 Months 
 
 2 to 18 
 I to 2 
 
 3 to 18 
 
 Number of 
 
 Patents 
 
 Granted. 
 
 c 
 .0 
 
 a 
 S 
 
 (4 
 X 
 
 In 1884. 
 19,147 
 2,456 
 
 17,012 appl's. 
 
 Since 1877, 
 30,000 
 
 8 2,500 a year. 
 
 7,000 a year. 
 
 3,500 a year. 
 
 Very 
 
 Strict 
 
 Strict 
 
 Partial 
 
 Strict 
 
 Duration 
 
 I °f 
 , Patent 
 
 Years. 
 17 
 »5 
 
 Partial 
 
 None 
 
 None 
 
 Act of 1880. \ Partial 
 
 Partial 
 
 Cost of 
 Patent in 
 O rdinary 
 
 Case. 
 
 14 
 
 »S 
 
 15 
 
 15 
 
 21 
 
 15 
 
 15 
 
 Partial' 5, 10&20 
 
 Act of 1880. 
 
 Partial 
 
 None 
 
 60 
 45 
 
 60 
 60 
 
 60 
 
 6c 
 
 45 
 
 60 
 
 80 
 
 70 
 
 5 to 15 15010250 
 
 «5 
 
 80 
 
95 
 
 STATIIMfilirT OF 
 
 Patents in Various Countries. 
 
 Annual Tax 
 
 after 
 First Year. 
 
 None 
 
 Model 
 Required. 
 
 Very rarely 
 
 ao for 2d &iNot indis 
 3d term. ! pensable. 
 
 £}0 at 4tli, 
 ^I00at7th 
 year. 
 
 No 
 
 Manufac- 
 ture within 
 
 12.50, ris- Rarely; al 
 
 ing 12.50 
 each year. 
 
 ways for 
 war imple- 
 m'ts, skates 
 & spindles. 
 
 23 rising to Sometimes, 
 60. 
 
 20 
 
 9, increas'g 
 2 each yr. 
 
 No 
 
 No 
 
 9, increas'g No 
 2 each yr. 
 
 2-13. 3-i8. 
 2-23, 3-28 
 & 3-33- 
 
 9, increas'g 
 2 each yr. 
 
 None 
 
 25 
 
 Rarely 
 
 No 
 No 
 
 Unrestrictd 
 
 2 years, ex- 
 tensible. 
 
 No time ; 
 can compel 
 grant of li- 
 cense. 
 
 3 years 
 
 1 year of 
 grant. 
 
 2 years from 
 issue of pa- 
 tent. 
 
 I year after 
 foreign pa- 
 tent. 
 3 years 
 
 s 
 o 
 
 *^ 
 •*^ 
 
 S 
 
 Unrestrictd 
 
 1st yr only; 
 extensible 
 to 2 years. 
 
 Unrestrictd 
 
 Unrestrictd 
 
 
 ,0 
 
 Patent 
 
 Ad<l 
 ted. 
 
 ilates from 
 
 ^S 
 
 day of 
 
 so 
 
 
 u 
 
 
 
 
 ct 
 
 
 :^ 
 
 Issue 
 
 No 
 
 Remarks. 
 
 Partially re 
 stricted. 
 
 Prohibited 
 
 Issue 
 
 Application 
 
 Application 
 
 Unrestrictd 
 
 Unrestrictd 
 
 No 
 
 No 
 
 Yes 
 
 Once in 2 Unrestrictd 
 years. 
 
 2 years 
 
 First half of 
 duration, 
 
 Sometimes. 2 years 
 
 Unrestrictd 
 Unrestrictd 
 
 Prohibited 
 
 Issue ; pro- 
 tect 'n from 
 applicat'n. 
 
 Application' Yes 
 
 Application! ^es 
 Application! Yes 
 
 Last day of Yes 
 Mar., June. 
 Sep. or Dec' 
 fol. appl'n : 
 
 VppMciiUsn within J yean 
 nf u«« In U. S. P»t«nt 
 falls with prior for'gn pat, 
 
 \ppllcation within I year 
 of foreign patent. 
 
 Application before pnhllca- 
 tlon In Great Britain. 
 TaiM may be paid by In- 
 stalments eomnienclnir 
 end of 4th year at £10. 
 
 Foods, drinks and chemlcalt 
 not patentable, but pro- 
 cess of production. In- 
 ventlon must not have 
 been published. 
 
 Lpply bei 
 m Empli 
 
 before publication 
 
 Application Yes 
 
 Yes 
 Ye 
 
 Prior publication anywhers 
 Invalidates. I'harmaceu. 
 tical preparations not 
 patentable. 
 
 Duration limited by prior 
 foreign patent. 
 
 Conditionally upon German 
 patent. No medicine. 
 Appl. before publication. 
 
 Fee Includes proportional 
 tax for six years. Medi- 
 cines not patentable. 
 
 Includes Cuba, Porto Rico 
 and Philllpliet. 
 
 Law perullar. ^ 
 
 P-lor public it'n InTalldstM 
 
Sd 
 
 Country. 
 
 Newfoundland 
 Russia 
 
 Sweden 
 
 Denmark . 
 Norway . . 
 
 Brazil. 
 
 New Zealand 
 
 Victoria 
 
 India 
 
 Queensland . 
 
 Mexico 
 
 Hawaii 
 
 Cape of Good Hopt 
 
 New South Wales. 
 South Australia . . 
 
 Tasmania 
 
 Western Australia, 
 
 c 
 o 
 •a 
 J3 
 
 s 
 
 Mil- 
 UODI 
 
 1/7 
 
 88 
 
 2 
 lo 
 
 260 
 
 12 
 
 1/18 
 
 1/40 
 
 Area 
 
 Sq. Miles. 
 37.000 
 
 8,563,421 
 
 171,761 
 
 14,738 
 122,280 
 
 3,253,000 
 
 121,000 
 730,000 
 
 1,622,000 
 120,000 
 
 856,000 
 
 762,900 
 200,000 
 
 519,000 
 197,000 
 
 103,000 
 
 JJ o « 
 
 Months 
 
 I2tOl8 
 
 4 
 4 
 
 Number of 
 
 Patents 
 
 Granted. 
 
 In 1884. 
 Act of 1856. 
 
 Act of 1884. 
 
 Act of 1830 & 
 1882. 
 
 Act of 1883. 
 
 Act of 1859. 
 Act of 1884. 
 
 Act of 1832, 
 1843 ft 1852. 
 
 Act of i860. 
 
 Act of 1877. 
 
 B 
 ,0 
 
 C 
 
 Strict 
 
 Strict 
 
 Partial 
 Partial 
 
 Partiil 
 
 None 
 
 Partial 
 
 Duration 
 
 of 
 Patent. 
 
 Years. 
 14 
 
 3, 5 & 10 
 
 «5 
 
 3 to 15 
 10 
 
 15 
 
 • •••••■• 
 
 14 
 
 14 
 14 
 
 to 
 
 10 
 14 
 
 14 
 14 
 
 14 
 
 H 
 
 Cost of 
 Patent in 
 Ordinary 
 
 Case. 
 
 120 
 
 150, 250 
 & 400 
 
 70 
 
 70 
 60 
 
 225 
 
 120 
 100 
 
 ISO 
 160 
 
 300 
 
 300 
 150 
 
 200 
 ISO 
 
 ISO 
 200 
 
Annual Tax 
 
 after 
 First Year. 
 
 Model 
 Required. 
 
 Manufac- 
 ture withir; 
 
 § 
 •3 
 
 1 
 
 S 
 
 t-H 
 
 Patent 
 
 Jates from 
 
 day of 
 
 § 
 ^ . 
 
 1/1 K 
 
 SO 
 
 u 
 
 *-* 
 
 Remarks. 
 
 None 
 
 Not always 
 enforced. 
 
 Rarely 
 
 No 
 
 No 
 No 
 
 Sometimes. 
 
 No 
 No 
 
 No 
 
 No 
 
 No 
 Yes 
 
 2 years 
 
 Once in 1st 
 quarter 0! 
 duration. 
 
 
 
 Tannt Mmatlmti urtMubd 
 
 None 
 II, rising to 
 
 22. 
 
 None 
 
 Unrestrictd 
 
 Unrestrictd 
 
 I yr of issut 
 Unrestrictd 
 
 Issue; pro- 
 tection on 
 applicat'n. 
 
 \pplication 
 
 No 
 Yes 
 
 1 y«tn. FlihtrlM. 
 
 Origtnal Urm oaa nnly bt 
 •zt<nd*d. 
 
 Stmtlftr to 0«niMOy. Ofi- 
 
 I yr of issue 
 
 Usually 2 
 years. 
 
 3 years 
 
 2 years 
 Unrestrictd 
 
 cltl pnblicktioo ezcepUd 
 for iiz monthi, 
 
 Duration arbitrarily flz«d 
 by gOTemmant, Import- 
 en Are not Infringera. 
 
 Duration trbltrarily flzed 
 by goTamment. 
 
 Application within Mvan 
 
 None 
 
 
 
 IS, rising 5 
 a year. 
 
 None 
 
 
 Yes 
 
 
 
 monthi of foreign, 
 Latlert of Reglitratlon to 
 
 At 3d & 7th 
 
 Unrestrictd 
 
 
 
 holder of foreign patent 
 for unexpired term. 
 
 Application within 1 vaar 
 of foreign ^tent. Law 
 ■1ml lar to Tatmanta. 
 
 Application filed within 11 
 
 year. 
 None 
 
 
 
 25 at 4th, 
 50 at 8th. 
 
 Unrestrictd 
 
 2 years 
 
 Unrestrictd 
 Unrestrictd 
 
 Unrestrict d 
 
 Unrestrictd 
 
 Application 
 
 No 
 Yes 
 
 monthi of Brltith patent, 
 and Krant Umlt'd thereby, 
 jame ai Britlih Act of '83, 
 except feel. Taxea pay- 
 able by tnitalmenta. 
 
 Timber, mlnei, lugar. 
 
 None 
 
 
 
 Sugary Induitry profitable, 
 Ineludlng II Sandwich 
 Iilandit 
 
 Patent Law ilmllar to old 
 
 50 at 3d, & 
 
 Unrestrictd 
 Unrestrictd 
 
 Application 
 
 .... 
 
 100 at 7th 
 year. 
 
 None 
 
 
 Britlih. Expires with 
 priar foreign patent. 
 
 13 at end of 
 
 
 
 
 Llmlt'd by prior for, patent. 
 
 3d&7thyi 
 
 75 & 100 at 
 3d&7thyr 
 
 None 
 
 
 Unrestrictd 
 
 Unrestrictd 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Limited by prior fbralgn 
 patent. Granted to held- 
 er of toreign patent. 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
.28 
 
 STATISTICS-PATEKTS. 
 
 In the United States the total issue from the Patent Office 
 was, in 1884: — Patents of inventions, 1D,147; Re-issues, 116; 
 Designs, 1,150. This gives an average of 368 patents of inventions 
 per week, for 407 in 1883, a decrease owing, no doubt, to general 
 depression, and largely to tlie interruption caused by the 
 Presidential election. Of the total number of patents issued in 
 1884, there were to residents of Canada 220, Great Britain 458, 
 Germany 253, France Kil, Switzerland 36. Total number issued 
 to foreigners, 1,284. The first patent issued in 1885 Ijore the 
 number 310,163, the series counting from 1836, nearly 10,000 
 having been issued before, and making therefore in ail about 
 320,163. The total number of Design Patents issued, 15,678; 
 Re-issues, 10,548 ; Trademarks, 11,843 ; Labels, 4,304. The issue 
 in 1884 gives one patent (of invention) to every 2,663 of 
 inhabitants. 
 
 in Canada the total issue from the Patent Office in 1884 
 was:— Patents of invention, 2,456; Certificates, P. F. F., 167; 
 Caveats, 238 ; Assignments registered, 1,172. This gives an 
 average of 204.5 patents of inventions per month for 181.5 in 
 1883. Of the total number of patents issued in 1884, there were 
 to residents of Canada, 607; United States, 1,714; Great Britain, 
 94 ; Germany 11 ; France, 9 ; other countries, 21. Total number 
 issued to foreigners, 1,849. The first patent issued in 1885 bore 
 the number 20,833, the issue in 1855 being 92, and 671 in 1872, 
 when the present Act was passed, increasing the issue to 1,016 in 
 1873, The number of applications for patents in 1884 was 2,681. 
 
 The number of applications for patents in 1884 was 2,681. 
 
 The following table shows the number of patents (of inven- 
 tion) issued in 1884 to residents of various provinces and the rate 
 of distribution among the inhabitants : — 
 
 Fbotihci— Ontario. 
 
 Qnebec. M.Bruniwlck. 
 
 NovaScotlft. l'.E.I. M»nltoh». 
 
 B. Columbia. Total. 
 
 Total issue in 1884 389 
 
 151 26 
 
 24 2 12 
 
 3 607 
 
 No. of inhabitants 
 
 
 
 
 to 1 patent 4,944 
 
 9,000 12,355 
 
 18,357 94,445 4,663 
 
 16,486 7,124 
 
TRADE STATISTICS. 
 
 (Census of 1881.) - 
 
 Occupations of the People of Canada. 
 
 Acct'e and Book-keepers. . . . 4,555 
 
 Aerated Water Mann(acturera 91 
 
 Agents 3,561 
 
 Articled Apprentices 1,196 
 
 Architects 349 
 
 Artists and Literateurs 601 
 
 Auctioneers 244 
 
 Bakers 4,013 
 
 Bankers and Money Brokers. 1,257 
 
 Barbers and Hairdressers. . ■ . 1,180 
 
 Barkeepers 874 
 
 Blacksmiths. 19.846 
 
 Boat and Bargemen 851 
 
 Boat Builders 432 
 
 Boiler Builders 722 
 
 Bookbinders 840 
 
 Booksellers and Stationers... 341 
 
 Boom-keepers 22 
 
 Boot and shoemakers 17,423 
 
 Box andTrunk Manufacturers 278 
 
 Brewers and Distillers ..... 6:^3 
 
 Bricklayers 2,030 
 
 Brick and Tile-makers 1,172 
 
 Brokers .385 
 
 Brush and Broom-makers . . . 469 
 
 Builders 1,477 
 
 Butchers. 5,888 
 
 Cabinet andFurniture-makere 4,731 
 
 Cabman and Draymen . . . . 5,864 
 
 Carders and Weavers.. .. — 4,912 
 
 Carriage Builders 5,692 
 
 Carpenters and Joiners 40,618 
 
 Carvers and Gilders 481 
 
 Car and Locomotive Builders 98 
 
 Chemists and Druggists 1,794 
 
 Christian Brothers 491 
 
 Civil Engineers 719 
 
 Clergymen 6,329 
 
 Commercial Travellers 1,490 
 
 Commercial Clerks 28,981 
 
 Confectioners 860 
 
 Contractors 1,317 
 
 Coopers 4,621 
 
 Court Officers 1,079 
 
 Dairymen 1,275 
 
 Dealers and Traders 5,542 
 
 Dentists 510 
 
 Dressmakers and Milliners . . 16,165 
 
 Edgetool-makers . . . . ■ 220 
 
 Engineers and Machinists . . . 9,861 
 
 Engravers and Lithographers 356 
 
 Express Employees 300 
 
 Factory Operatives 5,848 
 
 Farmers 498,716 
 
 Farmers' Females 6,796 
 
 Farmers' Sons 151,201 
 
 Farriers and Veterinary Surg. 364 
 
 Fisherman 22,906 
 
 Foundrymen 4,488 
 
 Fruiterers 206 
 
 Gardeners and Nurserymen . . .3,704 
 
 Gas Work Employees 39 
 
 Gentlemen of private means.. 11,140 
 
 Gold and Silversmiths 288 
 
 Government Employees .... 4,619 
 
 Grain Dealers 347 
 
 Grocers 3,182 
 
 Hatters and Furriers 705 
 
 Hawkers and Pedlers 813 
 
 Hermetical Sealers 106 
 
 Hosiers and Glovers 308 
 
 Hospital Attendants 1 70 
 
 Hotel <fe B'ding-house Keepers 6,841 
 
 Hunters 6,595 
 
 Insurance Employees 666 
 
 Judges 146 
 
 Keepers and Guards 1,542 
 
 Laborers 165,706 
 
 Land Surveyors 740 
 
 Laundresses 1,218 
 
 Lawyers 2,717 
 
 Lime Burners ... . 150 
 
 Livery Stable Keepers 518 
 
 Lock and Gunsmiths 202 
 
 Lumber and Kaftmen . 8,094 
 
 Manufacturers 2,299 
 
 Mariners 17,823 
 
 MeatCurers 102 
 
 Mechanics 1,503 
 
 Merchants 17,449 
 
 Messengers and Porters 1,376 
 
 Midwives and Nurses 932 
 
 Militia Officials 123 
 
 Millers 5,671 
 
 Millwrights 908 
 
 Miners 6,541 
 
 Musical Instrument-makers . 328 
 
 Musicians 479 
 
 Municipal Employees 758 
 
 Notaries 786 
 
 Nail-makers 338 
 
 Nuns 5,139 
 
 Optic. & Math. Instrum't-mkr. 36 
 
 Packers 312 
 
80 
 
 OoouPATioNS — Continued. 
 
 Painters and Qlaziera 7,064 
 
 Penflionera 301 
 
 PhotographerH 766 
 
 Piiysicians and Surgeona.... 3,607 
 
 Pilots 603 
 
 Plasterers 1,802 
 
 Pluinl)er8 1,307 
 
 Policemen and Constables . , . 1,313 
 
 Potters 339 
 
 Printers and Publishers 6,227 
 
 Professors 288 
 
 Quarrynien 469 
 
 Railway Employees 8,220 
 
 Riggers and Caulkers 773 
 
 Saddle and Harnessmakers . . 3,678 
 
 Sail-makers 311 
 
 Saw and File Cutters 290 
 
 Sawyers and Millmen 4,464 
 
 Seamstresses 11,901 
 
 Servants (Males) 13,468 
 
 Servants (Females) 49,346 
 
 Shipbuilders 3,286 
 
 Shipchandlers 168 
 
 Shirt and Collar MT r 163 
 
 Shopkeepers 4,321 
 
 Soapboilers 136 
 
 Stage Owners and Drivers. . ■ 126 
 
 Steam-engine Builders 21 
 
 •••••• 
 
 Stenographers 
 
 Stevedores < 
 
 Stone and Marble Cutters 
 Stonemasons 
 Students at Law . 
 
 Students in Medicine 
 
 Tailors and Clothiers 
 
 Tanners and Curriers 
 
 Teachers (Males'^ 
 
 Teachers (Females) 
 
 Teamsters and Drivers 
 
 Telegraph Employees, &c... 
 
 Tin and Coppersmiths 
 
 Tobacco Workers and Dealers 
 Various Agricult'lOccupat'ns 
 VariousCotumer'l Occupat'ns 
 Various Domestic Occupat'na 
 Various Industrial Occupat'ns 
 Various Professional Occup. . 
 Various Indefinite OccuDat'ns 
 Watchmakers and Jewellers.. 
 
 Wheelwrights 
 
 I /' Agricultural Class .... 
 '^ s I Commercial Class .... 
 "fj J Domestic Class 
 
 l'^ A Industrial Class . . 
 1^1 Professional Class 
 (^ V. Not Classified .... 
 
 73 
 
 473 
 
 2,364 
 
 6,78S 
 
 1,100 
 
 478 
 
 11,939 
 
 8,062 
 
 7,108 
 
 12,124 
 
 3,768 
 
 2,196 
 
 4,314 
 
 1,649 
 
 675 
 
 184 
 
 618 
 
 4,188 
 
 818 
 
 13,006 
 
 1,860 
 
 1,063 
 
 662,630 
 
 107,646 
 
 74,830 
 
 287,296 
 
 62,974 
 
 206,228 
 
 Canada's Industries in 1881. 
 
 No. of Hands Capital Value of 
 
 iNDUtTBT. Employed. Invested. Products. 
 
 Aerated Water Making 401 $318,786 $436,183 
 
 Agricultural Implements 3,666 3,996,782 4,406,397 
 
 Bakeries of all sorts 3,963 2,609,621 9,476,976 
 
 Baking Powder Making 116 63,100 129,100 
 
 Bank Note Engraving Establishments.. 94 200,000 100,000 
 
 Bark Extract Works 140 162,000 286,260 
 
 Basket Making 227 88,612 66,661 
 
 Bell Foundries 13 16,600 18,000 
 
 Belt and Hose Factories 32 49,826 126,96! 
 
 Billiard Table Making 20 22,600 44,827 
 
 Blacking Manufactories 23 32,900 26,000 
 
 Blacksmithing 12,461 3,056,663 7,172,469 
 
 BoatBuilding 421 104,011 173,837 
 
 Boiler Making .. 330 132,700 324,263 
 
 Bone Crushing Mills 6 2,800 6,600 
 
 Book-binding 1.036 636,624 1,446,708 
 
 Boots and Shoes 18,949 6,491,042 17,895,903 
 
 Breweries 1,411 4,692,990 4,768,447 
 
 Brick and Tile Making 4,129 946,729 1,641,892 
 
 Broom and Brush Making 967 363,326 762,884 
 
 Butter Factories 161 97,027 341,478 
 
 Buttoa Factories 470 117,800 173,630 
 
81 
 
 Tndttsteies — Contintuid. 
 
 Cabinet and Furniture 6,867 3,943,419 8,471,742 
 
 Car and Locomotive Works 3,164 1,G30,698 3,956,361 
 
 Carding and Fulling Mills 901 680,417 1,498,343 
 
 Cardboard Manufactories 16 44,U00 30,000 
 
 Carpenters and Joiners .... . 6,702 1,242,531 3,893,910 
 
 Car|)€t Making 16 3,992 10,()90 
 
 Carriage Making 8,713 3,798,861 6,579,082 
 
 Carving and Gilding 418 219,907 616,676 
 
 Cement Mills 128 67,400 91,668 
 
 Charcoal Burning 83 66,843 70,030 
 
 Cheese Factories 2,003 1,021,436 6,464,464 
 
 Chemical Establishments 223 622,800 634,600 
 
 Chickory Kiln 2 300 360 
 
 Chocolate FactoriPB 12 10,000 27,000 
 
 Church Docorations 48 43,700 160,300 
 
 Cider Making 270 72,821 131,450 
 
 Coffee and|Spice Mills 146 339,250 728,600 
 
 Cooperage 3,277 769,311 1,808,929 
 
 Cordial and Syrup Making 39 34,800 1 12,070 
 
 Cork Cutting 31 64,600 73,100 
 
 Corset Factories 320 38,200 229,000 
 
 Cotton Factories 3,627 3,476,500 3,759,412 
 
 Cutlery.... 67 86,000 100,000 
 
 Dentistry 10 6,000 9,750 
 
 Distilleries 286 1,303,000 1,790,800 
 
 Dressmaking and Millinery 7,838 1,601,239 4,926,871 
 
 Dyeing and Scouring 164 82,568 118,516 
 
 Edge Tool Making 646 569,436 657,364 
 
 Engine Building 1,061 990,300 1,338,000 
 
 Engraving and Lithography 474 492,050 496,718 
 
 Fire-proof Safe Making ... 124 163,000 126,000 
 
 Fishing Tackle Making 6 5,000 7,050 
 
 Fittings and Foundry Working 2,194 1,797,897 2,684,131 
 
 Flag Making 3 300 900 
 
 Floor Oilcloth Making 20 105,000 105,000 
 
 Flour and Grist Mills 6,472 13,857,923 41,772,372 
 
 Foundries and Machine Working 7,789 7,676,91 1 8,863,957 
 
 Furriers and Hatters 2,.350 1 ,934,862 3,352,961 
 
 Gas Works 512 5,358,490 1,173,181 
 
 Glassworks 642 307,000 669,000 
 
 Glove and Mitt Making 632 133,580 434,864 
 
 Glue Making 83 169,200 164,097 
 
 Gold and Silversmithing 163 174,586 235,822 
 
 Gold Leaf Factory 17 4,000 25,000 
 
 Grindstone Works 204 70,700 50,737 
 
 Gunsmithing 59 58,650 55,555 
 
 Gunpowder Mills 87 131,000 264,200 
 
 Gypsum Mills 89 141,150 67,375 
 
 Hosiery Manufactories 1,556 630,821 1,385,730 
 
 India Rubber Factory 525 851,500 771,000 
 
 Indian Manufactures 344 29,585 86,871 
 
 Ink Factories 2 900 2,150 
 
 Iron Smelting and Steel Making 974 2,172,100 1,197,514 
 
 Jewellers and Watchmakers 778 490,030 914,769 
 
 Lamp and Chandelier Making 78 61,000 64,000 
 
Industbies — Contintted. 
 
 Last Factories 118 52,700 77,900 
 
 Lime Kilns 2,537 309,354 707,132 
 
 Linseed Oil Factories 20 25,000 65,000 
 
 Lock Making 175 57,600 138,800 
 
 Match Factories 1,062 564,847 511,250 
 
 Mathematical Instrument Making 22 27,500 21,000 
 
 Mattress Making.... 59 29,850 57,074 
 
 Meat Curing 852 1,449,677 4,084,133 
 
 Miscellaneous Wares 1 ,839 959,781 1,690,148 
 
 Morocco Manufactory 2 400 1,000 
 
 Musical Instrun.ent Making 941 669,379 1,220,195 
 
 Nail and Tack Factories 951 1,245,500 1,689,450 
 
 Native Wine Making 36 86,800 69,620 
 
 Nut and Bolt Works 153 166,497 225,800 
 
 Oil-clothing Establishments, 47 3,305 9,490 
 
 Oil Refineries 490 1,812,700 4,049,685 
 
 Opium Factories 3 51,600 79,000 
 
 Pail and Tub Factories 150 236,025 120,935 
 
 Paint and Varnish Works 281 712,415 1,311,300 
 
 Painters and Glaziers 769 198,662 728,067 
 
 Paper Manufactories 1,520 2,237,950 2,446,693 
 
 Paper Bag and Box Making.. 268 122,567 198,474 
 
 Paper Coriar Factories 42 26,000 25,000 
 
 Patent Medicine Manufactories 216 302,300 666,580 
 
 Photographic Galleries 422 492,469 409,427 
 
 Pickle Making 28 11,820 26,420 
 
 Picture Frame Making 2 3,600 5,000 
 
 Planing and Moulding Manufactories.... 633 447,630 992,201 
 
 Plaster and Stucco Works 84 38,006 86,450 
 
 Pot and Pearl Asheries 467 138,604 345,096 
 
 Potteries 696 351,328 571,886 
 
 Prepared Peat Fuel Factory 1 120 600 
 
 Preserved Articles of Food 8,453 1,222,668 2,685,861 
 
 Printing Offices 6,311 4,291,136 4,742,904 
 
 PiId Mills 68 92,000 63,300 
 
 "^■iip Factories 470 197,517 377,975 
 
 Quartz Crushing Mills 268 223,000 260,269 
 
 Rivet Factories 27 69,000 72,000 
 
 Rolling Mills 699 697,500 1,026,900 
 
 Rooting Pelt Factories 124 115,000 284,600 
 
 Rope and Twrine Making 529 722,300 775,460 
 
 Saddle and Harness Making 2,911 1,323,845 3,233,973 
 
 Saltworks 247 298,100 396,848 
 
 Sash, Door and Blind Factories 2.878 1 ,996,858 4,872,362 
 
 Saw and File Cutting 362 470,160 869,360 
 
 Saw Mills 42,086 26,487,233 38,541.762 
 
 Scale Factories 52 79,940 80,600 
 
 Screw Factories. 66 200,000 50,960 
 
 Scutching Mills 992 220,060 431,062 
 
 Sewing Machine Factories 1,188 921,260 1,048,277 
 
 Shingle Making 2,389 448,147 766,998 
 
 Ship Material Making 394 224,326 586,575 
 
 Shipyards 4,464 1,670,916 .3,557,258 
 
 Shirt Collar and Tie Making 1,491 441,951 1,266,614 
 
 Shook and Fiahbox Making.... 268 111,570 228,785 
 
33 
 
 Industries — Continued. 
 
 Silk Mills 211 131,700 275,000 
 
 SkateFactory 20 6,000 9,000 
 
 Soap and Candle Making 479 916,025 1,956,653 
 
 Spike and Railway Chair Factory 41 38,000 144,000 
 
 Spinning Wheel Factory 41 26,024 24,912 
 
 Spring and Axle Factory 196 135,200 246,400 
 
 Starch Factories 141 308,000 212,000 
 
 StaveMills 266 124,300 168,520 
 
 Steel Barb Fence Factory 3 3,000 12,000 
 
 Stone and Marble Cutting 1,991 835,760 1,846,483 
 
 Straw Works 232 116,465 112,261 
 
 Sugar Refineries 723 2,150,000 9,627,000 
 
 Sugar and Syrup from Sorghum, &c,... 215 145,900 237,830 
 
 Superphosphate Works 41 252,200 90,500 
 
 Surgical appliances 45 51,400 37,200 
 
 Tailors and Clothiers 18,029 6,719,729 15,102,963 
 
 Tanneries 5,491 6,386,222 15,144,535 
 
 Tent and Awning Factories 36 15,000 44,000 
 
 Thread Making 130 15,000 19,000 
 
 Tin and Sheet Working 3,686 1,993,064 3,738,246 
 
 Tobacco Pipe Factories 64 18,830 20,300 
 
 Tobacco Wor k i ng 3,767 1 ,829,420 3,060,306 
 
 Treenail and Wedge Making 2 600 1,400 
 
 Trunk and Box Making 626 383,628 677,877 
 
 Type Founderies 66 83,000 76,650 
 
 Verinicilli and Macaroni Making 22 23,000 22,500 
 
 Vinegar Factories 59 151,500 270,162 
 
 Wall Paper Factories 60 100,000 100,000 
 
 Wax Candle and Taper Factories 27 6,073 15,140 
 
 Whip Factories 72 14,434 63,404 
 
 Wig Making 76 72,697 62,770 
 
 Window Shade Factories 63 68,045 69,450 
 
 Wire Works 66 90,000 213,000 
 
 WoodTurning 604 190,382 431,797 
 
 Wool Cloth Making 6,877 6,272,376 8,113,055 
 
 RECAPITULATION. 
 
 
 
 Hands 
 
 Capital 
 
 Value 
 
 Provinces. 
 
 Population. 
 
 Employed. 
 
 Invested. 
 
 of Product. 
 
 Ontario 
 
 1,923,228 
 
 118.308 
 
 $80,950,847 
 
 $157,989,870 
 
 Quebec 
 
 1,359,027 
 
 85,673 
 
 59,216,992 
 
 104,662,258 
 
 New Brunswick 
 
 321,233 
 
 19,922 
 
 8,425,9.82 
 
 18,512,658 
 
 Nova Scotia. . . 
 
 440,572 
 
 20,390 
 
 10,183,060 
 
 18,575,326 
 
 Pr. Edward Isl. 
 
 108,891 
 
 5,767 
 
 2,085,776 
 
 3,400,208 
 
 Manitoba 
 
 65,954 
 
 1,921 
 
 1,383,331 
 
 3,413,026 
 
 Brit. Columbia. 
 
 49,459 
 
 2,871 
 
 2,952,335 
 
 2,926,784 
 
 N.W.Territ'ries 
 
 56,446 
 
 83 
 
 104,500 
 
 195,938 
 
 T'l for Canada. 4,324,810 254,935 165,302,623 309,676,068 
 
34 
 RAILWAY STATISTICS. 
 
 •:' .. (Parliamtntary Report to June 1883.) '. - ' 
 
 Miles Miles Under IVain 
 
 In Operation. Completed. Construction. Mileage Run. 
 
 S,805 260 2,299 37,416,092 
 
 Capital Invested. Cahried in 1882-3. Rolling Stock in Use 
 
 Number of Tons of IstC. 2ndC. 
 
 Total. Per Mile. Passengers. Freight. Engines. Cars. Cars. 
 
 $494,271,264 $43,280 9,579,948 13,266,255 1,383 671 397 
 
 Baggage & Express Cars. Cattle, Box & Freight. Platform Cars. Coal Waggons. 
 
 370 21,379 12,371 1,895 
 
 Persons CeuPLiNG Cabs. 
 
 ,- — « , Total Accidents 
 
 Killed. Injured. Killed & Injured. 
 
 5 246 719 
 
 ' GREAT BRITAIN (TEXTILE INDUSTRIES). 
 
 Cotton. Woollen & Shoddy. Worsted. 
 
 Number of Factories.... 2,674 1,869 693 
 
 Spinning Spindles 39,527,920 3,421,309 2,096,820 
 
 Power Looms 514,911 59,054 87,393 
 
 Work People 482,903 139,423 130,925 
 
 A TRIBUTE TO INVENTORS. 
 
 The following extract from the " Annual Report of the 
 lOommissioner of Patents (of the U. S. A.) for 1884" deserves a 
 place here, and is an effectual answer to the remarks and allusions 
 of those who are in the habit of sneering at patents and patentees : 
 
 " Another difficulty in the way of securing proper appro- 
 priations has been a prejudice in the minds of many people of 
 xhis country against patents and the patent system. It has been, 
 certainly until very recently, a very common belief that the whole 
 eyetem was a humbug ; that it was in fact an amiable way of 
 permitting cranks to indulge their humors in regard to perpetual 
 motion, &c., an inventive genius being regarded as one who was 
 ;more or less erratic ; and, as stated, there was and is to-day 
 throughout the country an impression that the patent system in 
 ; its practical operation levies a burdensome tax upon the people. 
 It 18 also believed by a great many artizans, mechanics, and 
 .laborers that the system tends to abridge the opportunities for 
 securing employment, and that it reduces wages. 
 
35 
 
 " Touching the first objection, I submit that careful investi- 
 gation will show that the patent system is the foundation upon 
 which the industrial interests of this country are based. We are, 
 in fact, indebted for our unequalled growth and prosperity as a, 
 manufacturing people to its influence. Nor is its healthful in- 
 fluence confined to the shops and factories, but extends to thQ 
 fields, mines, and forests. The mere desire wliich all our people 
 naturally feel to secure increased comforts and improved method* 
 would never have resulted in even a distant approach to our- 
 present condition as a productive nation but for the great incentive 
 found in securing to the inventor for a term of years the absolute 
 ownership of the improved machine, method, process, or discovery 
 which is the result of his efforts. It has been urged that the 
 inventive genius of our people would have given to the world 
 substantially all the improvements we have now without this 
 incentive. Such a proposition seems so unreasonable that it is 
 hardly worth while to combat it by argnment. We sow not only 
 to reap, but in the expectation of reaping an adequate harvest. 
 No one would devote years of patient study, careful and profound 
 thought and investigation, based on experiments, merely to pro- 
 duce a machine for his own individual use. The British Parlia- 
 ment a few years since appointed a committee to take testimony 
 and to make full investigation to ascertain the influence of and 
 necessity for a patent system. That investigation settled beyond 
 all controversy, at least so far as the English nation is concerned, 
 that without the patent system the inventive genius of that people 
 would have remained inactive, and little progress would have been 
 made dnring several centuries in the direction of developing the 
 great industries which are now the source of English wealth and 
 power. 
 
 " While preparing the exhibits for the World's Industrial and 
 Cotton C tennial Exposition at New Orleans, I endeavored by 
 correspondence to gather what information I could touching the 
 relation our patent system sustains to the growth of our own in- 
 dustries, and from the investigations I have made I feel safe in 
 saying that to this system we are chiefly indebted for our present 
 great indurtrial prosperity. The percentage of manufacturing 
 establishments in this country which have not utilized the patent 
 system in one way or another, as a means either of founding a 
 a business or building up and extending it, is very small. But as 
 suggested before, it is urged that this exclusive property in a 
 patent imposes burdens upon our people. The exact reverse is 
 true. In this connection one important fact in the matter of using 
 articles or machines which have been patented seems to be gener- 
 ally overlooked, and that is that no one is compelled to use any 
 
patented invention. The blessed privilege of sticking to the old 
 way abides with all of us, notwithstanding the patent system. 
 Farmers are under no obligations whatever to lay aside the sickle, 
 scythe or cradle, and use the reaper and mower. They may still, 
 if they will, rake and bind wheat and oats with their hands, instead 
 of doing it by machinery. There does not rest upon them the 
 slightest obligation to use a thrasher or separator, since they are 
 at perfect liberty to swing the flail or use the tramping-floor. 
 The hand-loom may still be used, notwithstanding the mventions 
 of Jacquard and Arkwright, supplemented and improved by 
 modern inventions. The old spinning wheel need not be thrown 
 aside because the inventive genius of man has given us the 
 spinning-jenny and its kindred aids in that art. There rests no 
 obligation upon any of us to use the telephone, the telegraph, the 
 locomotive or the engine. In fact, in all things we may stick 
 absolutely to the old way, and submit ourselves to all the incon- 
 veniences and discomforts of the olden time. Every farmer may 
 continue to build a worm or post-and-rail or stone fence, instead 
 of using barbed wire. In this connection it is proper to remark 
 that he pays for his barbed-wire fence but little, if any, more than 
 fifty per cent, of the cost of the old board or post-and-rail fence, 
 ana it has been demonstrated that the farmers of the country have, 
 in the last few years, saved over sixty millions of dollar3 by the 
 use of this valuable invention. In fact, all inventions are utilized, 
 not simply because they are more convenient, but because they 
 are cheaper and better. Touching the statement that laborers 
 are thrown out of employment and wages reduced by the use 
 of patented devices, it is sufficient to say that the allegation is 
 entirely at variance with the best information obtainable from the 
 returns of the last census. The utilization of valuable inventions 
 does not throw laborers out of employment, but re-distributes labor 
 and opens up new avenues of employment, calls into requisition 
 a higher order of skill and secures an increase of wages. For 
 example, take the boot and shoe industry, where a few hundred 
 machines have changed the whole course of labor. The census 
 of 1870 showed that there was an average of twenty-nine persons 
 employed in every shoe factory in this country, whereas in 1880 
 there were fifty-six persons so employed. The same number of 
 persons in 1875 made three times as many shoes as in 1845. In 
 a table prepared by Colonel Wright, chief of the Bureau of Labor, 
 it is shown that in 1870 there were employed 91,702 men, women 
 and children, while in 1880 there were 111,152. In estimates 
 based upon four hundred and sixty shoe manufacturing establish- 
 ments iu Massachusetts, it is shown that three millions of dollars 
 
If 
 
 more are paid in wages than the capital invested, and that the 
 labor-saving machinery has given to the laborer in 1880 almost 
 double the wages of 1850. 
 
 But for the growth of our industries, due to the patent 
 system, there would have been no employment in this country^ 
 otherwise than in the fields, for ten per cent, of the immigrants 
 who have come among us. While an important invention may 
 result in utilizing a machine which will do the work of a dozen 
 men, the result is to open up an avenue of employment which 
 will give work to double the number. The comforts and con- 
 veniences of life are made more abundant and cheaper, the 
 consumption larger. 
 
 HOW TO APPLY FOR A PATENT (CANADA). 
 
 If you have decided to apply for a patent, proceed as follows : 
 Send me a model if you have one, if not, a drawing or sketch, 
 with a brief description made in your own manner, but clearly 
 showing the invention, and a deposit of $25.00. State your full 
 name (middle name included), occupation and post oflSce address. 
 On receipt of these 1 will prepare the application and send such 
 portion as is necessary for signature to you to be signed and 
 returned to me with balance of fees. When so returned 1 shall 
 complete and file the application, and you will receive the official 
 acknowledgment in due course. In two to four weeks after that 
 you will receive the patent, or the notice of allowance of one, if 
 in Canada. If you are in an extra hurry say so, but do not hurry 
 me without cause. 
 
 HOW TO INSTRUCT YOUR ATTORNEY. • 
 
 Whether you send a model or not, it is in your interest to 
 send a brief description of your invention, pointing out its leading 
 features and the points which you consider new. If you do not 
 send a model, make a drawing or free-hand sketch, and in such 
 a case a description will be indespensible. Make the description 
 entirely your own way, just as good as you can and no more, but 
 give all the information possible. 
 
 TYPE WRITING. 
 
 I have a type writer of the latest improved construction — 
 double letter Caligraph. This machine gets quickly and neatly 
 through all the writing and copying I have to do, and there is 
 often time to spare. The " hand " is always the same, legible 
 
38 
 
 and uniform, and a limited number of copies can bo made simul- 
 taneously. It will also prepare copy for hectograph or printograph 
 manifolding or for lithography. When the machine is not em- 
 ployed upon my own work 1 undertake copying work of all 
 descriptions for lawyers and others, at the rate of 5 cents per 
 folio for single copies, and at a reduced rate for additional copies 
 made at the same time. Hectograph and lithograph preparations 
 cost rather more. 
 
 KEFERENCES. 
 
 For the convenience of those who do not know me personally 
 or who have not had any transactions with me, I subjoin a few 
 names of parties for and with whom I have transacted business. 
 Of some of those named below, and of others, 1 hold letters which 
 are highly complimentary. These names are in most instances 
 taken from my books promiscuously, and without special permis- 
 sion having been asked. A reply post-card, or a letter enclosing 
 stamp for reply, to any one or more of them, is sure to bring you 
 a reply. I prefer that you satisfy yourself about my standing 
 before you place any business in my hands,^as I can^only afford to 
 work for you if 1 have your entire confidence. 
 
 CANADA, 
 
 The Commiss'r of Patents, Ottawa, 0. 
 The Minister of Agriculture, C. in T. 
 
 M. B., Ottawa, Ont. 
 Col. Robbins, U. S. Consul, Ottawa, O. 
 C H, Mackintosh, M.P., Ottawa, O. 
 Rev. J. C. Borth, Lutheran Church, 
 
 Ottawa, Ont. 
 Hugo Kranz, M.P., Berlin, Ont. 
 Dr. Cameron, M.P., Mabon, N.S. 
 Geo. Rumpel, Felt M'f'r., Berlin., Ont. 
 M. Lindner, Toy Mfr., Berlin, Ont. 
 Rev. F. Dubpernell, Sebringville, Ont. 
 Rev. J. Frosch, Elniira, Ont. 
 The Rathbun Co., Deseronto, Ont.' 
 J. H. Totraan, Mstr Mechc, Deseronto, 
 
 Ont. 
 Thos. D. Galloway, Agricult'l Irapl., 
 
 Osbawa, Ont. 
 P. G. Walker, Farmer.Westwood, Ont. 
 Martin Hoover, 86 Richmond St., To- 
 ronto, Ont. 
 J. G.Malcolm, 75 Duke St.,Toronto,0. 
 Thos. Northey, Pump M'f'r, Toronto,0. 
 A. H. Dingman, (Pugaley, Dingman& 
 
 Co., Toronto, Ont.) 
 A. Watts & Co., MTrs, Brantford, Ont. 
 Cochrane M'fg Co., Agric. Impl., St. 
 
 Thomas, Out. 
 
 TheE.ife. C, Gurney Co., Stove Mfrs., 
 
 Hamilton, Ont. 
 C. Rues, Son & Co., Beamsville, Ont. 
 Rev. F, Schroeder, Dashwood, Ont. 
 H. McDonald, Albion P.O., Bolton.O. 
 A. McGill, Founder. Chatsworth, Ont. 
 Rev. Ch. Merckel, Tavistock, Ont. 
 J. B. Armstrong, Carr'gs, Guelph, 0. 
 Rev. Ch. Germeroth, Kurtzville, Ont. 
 R. Ransford, Stapleton Salt Works, 
 
 Clinton, Ont. 
 Rev. J. Kirmiss, Wellesley, Ont. 
 Rev. H. Bruer, Alsfeld, Ont. 
 J. Ballantyne, Rosamond Wool.,M., 
 
 Almonte, Ont. 
 DanielJohnson, P.M.,Combermere,0. 
 Rev. R. Eifert, Pembroke, Ont. 
 H. Mulholland, 856 Dorchester St., 
 
 Montreal, Que. 
 F. Boas, 206 McGill St.,Montreal,Que. 
 J. Siegel, Gloves & Moc'n Mfr., Three 
 
 Rivers, Que. 
 W. Howes, Tinsmith, Sussex, N.B. 
 Caird & Kerr, St. John, N.B. 
 Ambrose Amiro, East Pubnico, N.S. 
 Mrs. T. S. Cornell, Pheasant Forks, 
 
 N.W.T. 
 
 Etc., Etc., Etc. 
 
39 
 
 UNITED STATES. 
 
 Sleeraan & Richardson, 24 East 14th 
 
 St., New York. 
 Neri Pine, Attorney at Law, Bing- 
 
 hampton, N.Y. 
 Binghampton Door Spring Co.,'_Bing- 
 
 hampton, N.Y. 
 Henry A. Hyle, Redwood, N.Y. 
 G. G. Lansing, Lockport, N.Y. 
 Ch. Gordon, Rochester, N.Y. 
 Mrs. Ch. P. Allender, Cuba, N.Y. 
 Powell & Smith, 56 Hoosick St., Troy, 
 
 N.Y. 
 fl. W. Mather, Stanley, N.J. 
 R. F. Preusser, PhilHpsville, N.J. 
 Julius Buesch, Allentown, Pa. 
 John Sabold, jr., Little Oley, Pa. 
 G. J. Kautz, Beechwood, Pa. 
 J. O. Brookbank, Driftwood, Pa. 
 Jas. S. Smith, Emlenton, Pa. 
 John S, McLeod, Boston, Mass. 
 H. B. Nickersoij, 578 Washington St., 
 
 Boston, Mass. 
 S. S. Putnam, Neponset Ave., Dor- 
 
 chestei, Boston, Mass. 
 Geo. F. Simonds, Fitchburg, Mass. 
 J. B. Genin, Worcester, Mass. 
 Thos. Woodason, 74 Canalport Ave., 
 
 Chicago, 111. 
 A.* E. Spencer, Lake St., Chicago, 111. 
 J. H. Beers, Pub., Cor. Clark & Adams 
 
 St., Chicago, 111. 
 John P. Callan, Aurora, 111. 
 Wickes Bros., East Saginaw, Mich. 
 John W. Strong, Box 76, Muskegon, 
 
 Mich. 
 Sheffield Velocipede Car Co., Tbree 
 
 Rivers, Mich. 
 
 J. M. Fitch, 14 Monroe Ave., Detroit, 
 
 Mich. 
 Kells & Son, Adrian, Mich. 
 T. N. Porter, Jackson, Mich. 
 The Warren Fire Escape Co., Warren,0. 
 
 C. P. Fields, Wauseon, O. 
 
 R. W. Thompson, East Rockport, 
 
 Cleveland. 0. 
 H. C.Cain, Cleveland, O. 
 Ed. C. Durand, Wellington, 0. 
 John S. Jones, Cincinnati, O. 
 J. T. Ramsey, Helena, Ark. 
 L. Finlay, Mstr. M., H.S.R.R., Little 
 
 Rock, Ark. 
 H. E. Thomas, Custom House, San 
 
 Francisco, Cal. 
 William Cassaday, South Bend, Ind. 
 Elkhart Iron Works, Elkhart, Ind. 
 J. W. Macy, Searsboro', Iowa. 
 
 D. C. Goderich, Paola, Kansas. 
 
 J. Donalds, Box 871, Stillwater, Minn. 
 L. W. Vanderhoof, St, Paul, Minn. 
 S. Whitehouse, Bath, Me. 
 John Hansen, Maryville, Mo. 
 David W. Marston, Lebanon, N.H. 
 J. C. Trullinger, Astoria, Oregon. 
 The Westminster Mfg. Co., Provi- 
 dence, R.I. 
 D. E. Cattanach, Providence, R.I. 
 W. G. Cummins, McMinnville, Tenn. 
 W. C. Carson, Denton, Texas. 
 W.H.H. Bowers, Salt Lake City, Utah. 
 R. H. Harris, Petersburg, Va. 
 Capt. A. Lafontaine, St. Albans, Vt. 
 Peterson A Conant, Arcadia, Wis. 
 Etc., Etc., Etc. 
 
 ENGLAND, 
 
 The High Commissioner for Canada, 
 
 London „ 
 Ed. Ashworth, Cotton Spinner, Bolton 
 
 le Moors. 
 T. G. F. Dolby, Dulwich, London, S.E. 
 ■C. W. Morris, Harbor View, Lowestoft. 
 
 J. P. Rothwell, Wringers, Ac, Ly- 
 
 tham, Lancaster. 
 Brocklesby, Ley & Brocklesby, 9 
 
 Wallbrook St. London. 
 
 Etc., 
 
 Etc., 
 
 Etc. 
 
 • i 
 
40 
 
 UNSOLICITED TESTIMONIALS. 
 
 (Case 16, 17, 35 and 120.) New York, Dec. 12th, 1884. 
 
 A. Harvey, Esq., Ottatea, Can. 
 
 Dear Sir, — We are in due receipt of your valued favor of the 16th, and 
 which should have received more prompt attention, but for the absence of our 
 Mr. Sleeman. Enclosed patent, petition and check for $15 ($5 extra for " pin 
 money,") and hope you will rush it through as expeditiously as formerly. 
 
 Very truly, 
 
 . SLEEMAN & RICHARDSON. 
 
 (Case 23.) Boston, Mass, July 2l8t, 1884. 
 
 A. Harvey, Esq. 
 
 Dear Sir, — Your favor containing official notice of the grant of extension 
 of the tern) for importation under my patent is duly and gratefully received, 
 and please accept my hearty thanks for the prompt and business-like manner 
 in whicli you have attended thereto. Yours very respectfully, 
 
 J. S. McLEOD, 
 
 (Case 34.) Chicago, 111., July 25th, 1884. 
 
 A. Harvey, Esq., Ottawa, Can. 
 
 Dear Sir,— Yours of the 22nd is before me, also the Patent papers. 
 Please accept thanks for timely notice and professional assistance. 
 
 Yours truly, 
 
 J. H. BEERS, aerh. 
 
 (Case 36.) Cincinnati, (),, August 3rd, 1884, 
 
 A. Harvey, Esq., Ottawa, Canada. 
 
 Mr Dear Sir, — Yours of the Ist inst., enclosing patent 15,172, granted 
 McCcnnell et al, properly endorsed, etc., and receipt for fee, is at hand. 
 Thanks for the faithful and prompt manner in which you prosecuted this 
 business. Very truly yours, 
 
 JOHN S. JONES. 
 
 (Case 74.) Westwood, Ont., Jan. 19th, 1886. 
 
 Sir, — I got the patent and should have let you know sooner. Thanks to 
 you for being so smart, and I will not forget you if I need the same. 
 
 P. G. WALKER. 
 
. ; 41 
 
 (Caee 76.) ; Westfield, Mass, Nov. 3rd, 1884. 
 
 A. Harvey, Esq., Solicitor of Patents, Ottavoa, Can. 
 
 Dear Sib, — The Patent papers are received, with grant of extension 
 of one year. We are much obliged to you for your service procuring the 
 extension. . > Yours truly, 
 
 UNION WHIP CO., 
 
 • Ry R. W, Wilson. 
 
 (Case 79.) The Warren Fire Escape Co., 
 
 Warbek, 0., Feb. 7th, 1884. 
 A. Harvey, Esq., Ottawa, Canada. 
 
 Dear Sir, — We are in receipt of Can. Patent No. 20,412, and desire to 
 thank you for your prompt and efficient acisistance in obtaining the same, and 
 we are sure we will let no chance escape us ol giving you a hearty recom- 
 mendation. Enclosed we hand you 80c. to balance amount of bill, which 
 please receipt and oblige yours respectfully, 
 
 H. EWALT, Secretary. 
 
 (Case 81.) Stapleton Salt Works, Nov. 8th, 1884. 
 
 A. Harvey, Esq., Ottawa. 
 
 Deab Sib, — Your favor of the 6th, enclosing to me Patent No. 10,506, 
 with C. P. F. P. No. 277, to hand, for which I thank you. Your conduct in 
 this matter has given me every satisfaction. Enclose you 10c. stamp; post 
 office stamj^d it; usually careful. Yours truly, 
 
 R. RANSFORD. 
 
 (Case 92.) Mcskegon, Mich., Dec. 16th, 1886. 
 
 A. Harvey, Esq., Ottawa. t^ 
 
 Dear Sir, — I am this day in receipt of your favor of the 12th inst., with 
 Letters Patent. Please accept mv thanks and assurance of my appreciation 
 of your prompt attention to my business; also, assuring you that should I 
 ever in the future have any more business in your line, I shall promptly place 
 4t in your hands. I rema<n, yours truly, 
 
 J. W. STRONG. 
 
 (Case 93.) Wellikoton, Ohio, Nov. 11th, 1884. 
 
 Mr. Harvey. 
 
 Dear Sir — I take this opportunity to express my gratitude to you for 
 your prompt attention and efficiency in procuring delay to my patent, for 
 which you will accept my sincere thanks, and oblige 
 
 E. C. DURAND. 
 
 (Case 101.) San Fbanoisoo, Dec. 26th, 1884. 
 
 Dear Sir, — We received this day vour favor, dated 17th inst., with 
 Canadian Patent No. 20,717 enclosed. W^e are well satisfied with your assist* 
 ance in this transaction, and will gladly avail ovrselves of your assistance 
 should we again require it, and we will take pleasure iu recommending your 
 professional services to others. Yours truly, 
 
 A. Harvey, Esq., Ottawa. J. C. SHRADEB & H. E. THOMAS. 
 
^ i2{ 
 
 ^ *2 
 
 (Case 112. Engli>^h Patent,') East Rookport, Ohio, Dec. 29th, '84. 
 
 Mr. A. Harvey. • . . ' "... 
 
 Sir, — [ am thankful to you for your kindness and good management in 
 my case, ' Yours, 
 
 R. VV. THOMPSON. 
 
 (Case 118.) Stanley, N. J., Dec. 25th, 1884. 
 
 A. Harvey, Esq. 
 
 Dear Sir, — Your favor of the 22nd enclosing my Canadian Patent is at 
 hand, as also your favor in answer to mine, at a previous date, relating to sale 
 of tho same. 1 tender you my thanks for the quick and efficient manner in 
 which you have prosecuted the matter; and should I have further business 
 in that line, I should be glad of your services in my behalf, and will esteem it 
 a pleasure to forward your interests by recommendation to other parties. 
 Altliough a stranger to you, permit me to wish you a " Merry Christmas." 
 
 Yours very truly, 
 
 H. W. MATHER. 
 
 (Ca-'e 130.) Driftwood, Pa., Feb. 2l8t, 1885. 
 
 A. Harvey, Esq , Ottawa, Canada. 
 
 Dear Sir, — Canadian Patent for my improvement in Water Colors to 
 hand this evening. For the very satisfactory manner and promptness with 
 which you have transacted my business, please accept thanks of 
 
 ^^, Yours respectfully, 
 
 %!* *, J- 0. BROOKBANK. 
 
 (Case 138.) Chicago, March 9tli, 1885. 
 
 A. Harvey, Esq., Ottawa, Can. 
 
 Dear Sir, — Having been South a few weeks, I find on return the Canada 
 Patent No. 20,942, which I hereby acknowledge, and wish to state that I am 
 well pleased with your attention to the case, and if I shall have any more 
 business with the Patent Department, shall be pleased to put it in your hands, 
 and at any time I have an opportunity to recommend any one to you, I will 
 do so with pleasure, and you can refer anyone to me at any time, that wishes 
 any advice I can give as to putting their business into your hands. I can 
 recommend anyone to do so with pleasure. Wishing 3'ou well, 
 
 I remain, yours respectfully, 
 
 THOMAS WOODASON. ' 
 
 (Case 140. Trade Mark.) Lookport, N. Y., Jan. 16th, 1885. 
 
 A. H. Harvey, Ottawa, Canada. 
 
 Dear Sir, — Yours of Jan. 14th, with enclosures as stated, duly at hand. 
 Am much pleased by the promptness and good judgment you have shown in 
 this matter. Respectfully yours, 
 
 G. G. LANSING, 
 
 Attorney for Niagara White Grape Co. 
 
 •This case had beeu in the handa of another louiil attorney, anil i rei^eiveU telegraphic 
 instructions only one day before it had to be ttlel in London, England, to prevent it lapsing. 
 Patent was issued. A. H, 
 

 ;f'\ 
 
 .., » . -., 
 
 A. HARVEY, C.E., 
 
 TT0RNEY for Patents. 
 
 Trade Marks, Desijirns and Copyrij^^lits, - ■ 
 
 .^ COUNSEL IN PATENT CAUSES, <• 
 
 — AND— ■ ■. 
 
 MECHANICAL EXPERT^ DRAFTSMAN. 
 
 Twenty Yearn* ProfcsHumal Experience, 
 
 , ^ « 
 
 OFFICE: 
 
 Victoria Ghambers, Wellington St., opp. Patent OfTxo, 
 
 OTTAWA, CANADA. 
 Approach by Elevator. Telephone Connection. 
 
 Postal Address— P. 0. Box 1071; Telegraph Address— Harvey , Ottawa. 
 
 Searches, Opinions and Advice ; Caveats ; Patents, Trade Marka, Designs and 
 Copyrights secured in the United States, Canada, Great Britain, Germany, 
 France and other countries ; Rejected Applications prosecuted; Inter- 
 ferences conducted ; Assignments i)repared and recorded ; Delays 
 for Importation and Manufacture procured; Extentions of 
 Patents obtained ; Disclaimers filed ; Re-Issues obtained ; 
 Infringements investigated ; Expert Evidence prepared ; Patent 
 Causes conducted ; Certified and (Jffice Copies of Patents supplied ; 
 Inventions and Patents offered for sale ; Technical Literature and Trans- 
 lations in English and German ; Advertisements inserted ; Models made. 
 
 Type Writer Copying done. .y 
 
 '■■\ ., 
 
 Deutscher Patent Anwalt. 
 
 ■f: '' . , -',■ 
 
 
 
 
 .V', »■