•!-<K;^l,..!Wf,t,

• 4

if ^x.^

IMAGE EVALUATION
TEST TARGET (MT-3)

1.0

1.1

U||28 |25
Ijg ''■' MOB

"^ R^ 12.2

!!? Hi ■■■

Z V^ 12.0

111

IL25 III 1.4

1.6

Pliotogra[jiic

Sdmoes

Carporation

4^^

¥!?

M WBT MAM STRUT

WIMm,N.V. HSM
(7l«)tn*4S0S

^W"^"^ O

^^^

^ ^

CIHM/ICMH

Microfiche

Series.

CSHIVI/ICIVIH
Collection de
microfiches.

Canadian Inttituta for Historical IMIcroraproductiont / Inatitut Canadian da microraproduc 'ons historiquas

Technical and Bibliographic Motes/Notes techniques et bibliographiques

The institute has attempted to obtain the best
original copy available for filming. Features off this
copy which may be bibliographically unique,
which may alter any of the images in the
reproduction, or which may significantly change
the usual method of filming, are checked below.

D
D

Coloured covers/
Couverture i^e couleur

I I Covers damaged/

Couverture endommagde

Covers restored and/or laminated/
Couverture restaur^ et/ou peiiicuf^e

I I Cover title missing/

Le titre de couverture manque

I ! Coloured maps/

Cartes gdographiques en couleur

□ Coloured ink (i.e. other than blue or black)/
Encre de couleur (i.e. autre que bleue ou noire)

I I Coloured plates and/or illustrations/

Planches et/ou illustrations en couleur

Bound with other material/
Relii avec d jsutres documents

Tight binding may cause shadows or distortion
along interior margin/

La re Hure serr^e peut causer da I'ombre ou de la
distortion le long de la marge intirieure

Blank leaves added during restoration may
appear within the text. Whenever possible, these
have been omitted from filming/
II se peut que certaines pages blanches ajoutAes
lors d'une restauration upparaissent dans le texts,
mais. lorsque cela etait possible, ces pages n'ont
pas 6ti film^es.

Additional comments:/
Commentaires suppl^mentaires;

L'Institut a microfilm^ le meilleur exemplaire
qu'il lui a 6t6 possible de se procurer. Les details
de cet exemplaire qui sont peut-Atre uniques du
point de vue bibliographique. qui peuvent modifier
une image reproduite. ou qui peuvent exiger une
modification dans la m6thode normale de filmage
sont indiqu6s ci-dessous.

I I Coloured pages/

Pages de couleur

Pages damaged/
Pages endommag^es

Pages restored and/oi

Pages restaur6es et/ou pellicul6es

Pages discoloured, stained or ffoxe«
Pages d4color6es, tacheties ou piqu6es

Pages detached/
Pages ddtachees

Showthrough/
Transparence

Quality off prir

Qualite indgale de I'impression

Includes supplementary mateiii
Comprend du materiel supplimentaire

Only edition available/
Seule Mition disponible

I I Pages damaged/

r~71 Pages restored and/or laminated/

r~y| Pages discoloured, stained or ffoxed/

I I Pages detached/

Showthrough/
Tr

I I Quality off print varies/

I I Includes supplementary mateiial/

I I Only edition available/

T»
to

P<
of
fil

Oi
b«
th
sit
ot
fil
si(
or

T»
sh
Tl
wl

M
dil
en
bi
rl|
rei
mi

Pages wholly or partially obscured by errata
slips, tissues, etc., have been refilmed fo
ensure the best possible image/
Les pages totalement ou partiellement
obscurcies par un feuillet d'errata, une pelure,
etc., ont 4t6 ffilmAes A nouveau de fapon A
obtenir la meilleure image possible.

This item is ffilmed at the reduction ratio checheo below/

Ce document est film* au taux de rMu^tlon indlquA ci-dessous.

10X

14X

18X

22X

2iX

30X

12X

lex

aox

24X

28X

32X

The copy filmad h«re hat b««n reproduced thanks
to the ganarotity of:

Library of the Public
Archives of Canada

L'exampiaira film* fut reprodult grAce A la
gAnArositA da:

La bibliothAque des Archives
publiques du Canada

The images appearing here are the best quaiity
possible considering the condition and lagibility
of the original copy end in keeping with the
filming contract pacifications.

Original copies in printed paper covera are filmed
beginning with the front cover and ending on
the last page with a printed or illustrated impres-
sion, or the back cover whan appropriate. All
other original copies are filmed beginning on the
first page with a printed or illustrated impres-
sion, and ending on the last page with a printed
or illustrated impression.

Les images suivantei* ont At* reproduites avec le
plus grand soiii, compte tenu de la condition et
de la nattet* de I'exempleire film*, tit en
conformit6 avec les conditions du contrat de
filmage.

Les exemplaires originauK dont la couverture en
papier eat imprimte sont filmfo en commen^ant
par le premier plat et en terminent soit par la
dernidre page qui comporte une empreinte
d'impression ou d'iilustration, soit par le second
plat, salon le cas. Tous les autres exemplaires
originaux sont filmte en commenpant par la
premiAre page qui comporte uno empreinte
d'impression ou d'iilustration et en terminant par
la dernlAre page qui comporte une telle
empreinte.

The last recorded frame on each microfiche
shall contain ttie symbol -^^ (meaning "CON-
TINUED"), or the symbol Y (meaning "END"),
whichever applies.

Un des symboles suivants apparaftra sur la
derniire image de cheque microfiche, selon le
cas: le symbols — ► signifie "A SUIVRE", ie
symbols V signifie "FIN".

Maps, plates, charts, etc., may be filmed at
different reduction ratios. Thoss too large to be
entirely included in one expoaure era filmed
beginning in the upper left hand corner, left to
right and top to bottom, aa many frames as
required. The following diagrams illustrate the
metho'i:

Les cartes, planches, tableaux, etc.. peuvont Atre
filmte A des taux de rMuction diff Arents.
Lorsque le document est trop grand pour Atre
reprodult en un seul clichA, il est film* A partir
de I'angle supArieur gauche, de gauche A droite,
et de haut en has, en prenant le nombre
d'images nicessaire. Les diagrammes suivants
illustrant la mAthoda.

A SKETCH

OF TlIK

BUXTON MISSION

AMI

ELGIN SETTLEMENT

KALKMUI

CAT^ADA AVI:^S1

.1. S. WILSON. I'lilN I

lill!\llN«il!AM

I'l! ANI> LAW srAH<>Nl.H.. ANN MIIKKT.

/ ^

^ ^' z i?^

Of «^ » >'

A SKETCH

or TIIK

BUXTON MISSION & ELGIN SETTLEMENT,

KALEKJH,
CJAN^VDA AVJilST.

1'he Bnxtdii, or, us if is sometimes ciillcd, the Elgin Settlement, in
sitnated in the to\vn^hi|) of Uiileigh, county Kent, ("imiidu West,
iihoiit eight miles soiith-eiist of ('hiithiun, which is :i station on the
Great Western Railway. It lies l>et\veen tlie livt'i'l'linmes .ind Lake
Erie, and at present ctjvers uhont eiglileen sijuare miles of country,
embracing,! iiopidatioii of over 1,2(M) persons.

It was formed '>y the Itev. William King, in the year 184'J, witha
view to the social and moral improvement of the colored population
of Canada. 'I'lu' circumstiiuccs whi.'li led in its foruKition were these:
Mr. Kmg, a native of l>i ndondeiry, Ireland, had come ovi'r when a
youth to the I'nited States, and hiid tix.'d his I'esidenee in I.niusiiina.
where during some years he occupied an inllueiitial position in con-
i.ection with the Ijouisiana College at Jackson. Here he a.ssoiMatod
and mingled tVrely with the first taiuilies in the Statt, and lierunie
familiarly acipiainted with their ])eculiar institutions Holding
strongly to the princl[)le that personal freedom is the iidierent and
inalienable right of every man, and not hesitating on suitable occa-
sions to acknowledge this view, he nevertheless avoided such rasii
words and acts as would have caused him at once to forfeit the con-
fidence of those amongst whom he dwelt ; a;id meantime he used
his favorable stand point to midce himself familiar with the strongest
arguments thai could be brougiit forv.ard in favor of Slavery, with
the hnvs of the couuMy respecting it. with its political and social

\viirkiu,i.MUi(l with rhv oliariutir ami capabilities of the colorerl man,
in order that no knuwledgo of the strength of the system should be
wanting to liim when the antiei])ated time should arrive for action.

Believing Slavery tu be a great moral and social evil, at variance
with the laws of (Jud, and opposed to the pure precepts of the (Jos-
pel, he pent i\td that it was fast huiTying to destruction the people
bv wlioui it was maintained. He was further convinced that li, was
impossible, while living in the midst of it, to brmg up his family
free from its contaminating inlluences : lie therefore determined,
whatever sacrifices it should cost him, to free himself from itstram-
mels, and to separate himself entirely from it. In consequence
however of legal ditHculties, this resolution coidd not be carried into
innnediate execution. He therefore, witli a view to its furtheranc(3,
purchased a phmtation, on whicli he ])laced his slaves, giving them
tlic ]iro(.eeds of tlieir own laiior, until the time should (•i)me that
would enable ium to .set them five ; thus developing in them the
spirit of self-reliance, and training them for the exercise of the du-
ties of the state offreedou) in which he purj)osed to place them.

The legal dilhculties which had hitherto stood in his way having
been overcome, he sold his ])lantation, and in .\pril, 1848, removed
the slaves, tiftcen in uund)er, to Canada, and Micre gave them tlicir
freedom; these settliu'.:- aroiuni him liecanie the nucleus of the Elgin
Settlement. n<iw c<.vciiug so large a sp.ice.

Shortly alter the passing of the Fugitive Slave Bill which deprived
the Slave refugees of all safety in the United States, a general move-
ment was made by them towaids l'pi'<-'' Canada, '["his sudden ac-
cession roused the latent jealousy of the white settlers into active
hostility, whiv-l» was just at its height wiieu .\Ir. King arrived with
his charge. .Vnimated by a noble Christian philanthropy which led
him to regard these oiitca.stsas men \md lirethren, he had previously
designed a plan lor the amelioration of tiieir social condition, and
the elevation of their moral and intellectual character, which con-
sisted in providing the adults with a home, and the youtii with the
means of ( 'lir-istiau ediuation. by forming a set tieuient in whieh land

sliould be granted to tliein on easy tenua, and provision niiide for
their spiritual wants as well as their mental development.

The rumour of Mr. King's design having preeedcd him, he en-
countered on entering the Province the most A'iolent opposition,
(."ombinations were formed, in which the parties swore to take his
life if he should show himself in their vicinity; threatening letters
were sent to him expressing furious indignation at his project, and
a public meeting from three counties was convened by the sheriff,
to influence popidur feeling, in order to prevent him from carrying
his design into effect. Only one man was found to lift up his voice
in that assembly, professing to give a home in their midst to the
M'anderer !

A committee was appointed to watch his proceedings, and peti-
tions, numerously and influcntially signed, were sent to the Com-
missioner of ( Jrovi'n Lands earnestly demanding that no grant should
on iuiy consideration be made for his purpose. A less resolute spirit
must have retired before such obstacles, but Mr. King, assured of
the rigliteousness of his cause, gathered new stimulus from difficulty,
and securing the co-operation of Lord Elgin, then Governor ( Jeneral
of Canada, succi^eded in carr\'ing his point, and thus savtnl Britain
from the disgrace of refusing that asyliun to the outcast which it
has long been her glory to afford. A grant was made of a tract of
land which had heen selected and ajjprovcd by com[)L'tent judges,
and which practical men, interested in the scheme, pronounced one
of tlie most desirable in the Province.

Mr. King, with his assistants, immediately set about surveying
and laying off the nine thousand acres of which the grant consisted,
into lots (/f fifty acres ei\ch.

it was in December, IJ^-ID, that Mr. King, who had been imani-
mously appointed agent of the lOlgin Association, ti.xed his residence
on the settlement, to which the name of "liuxton" was given in
honor of tliat friend of humanity, Sir T. F. Buxton. Mr. King's
house, which stands some way back from the middle road running
ea,st and west througli the southern part of the settlement, had been

built and occupied for several yeurs by a white settler. It is a long
lew building of log, and was at first i>f most unpretending appear-
ance, but buildings which were fur a while used as a church and solwtol
house have since been incorporated in tiie dwelling house; and a
gallery in front shaded by luxuriant grape vines, a belfry rising high
above the house, the erection of a handsome barn and outbiuldings
at the rear, together with the long avenue of siiade trees leading up
from the road, and the tasteful white fences with which the premi8e;j
are enclosed, have contributed to give to the whole, when seen
against the brilliant blue sky and embosomed in the rich gi-een
loliage of a <-'unadian suuuner, a i)ictures(pie and charming aspect.
More recently a church, ischool-house and post-office have been put
up on the piemises, immediately fronting the main road ; these are
likewise of log, yet they have about them a degree of rustic beauty,
thoxigh they are designed shortly to be succeeded by more prerna-
ment structures.

In a very short time a I'umber of the fifty acre lots were disposed
of to actual settlers at two dollars and a half ])er acre, to be paid in
ten equal annual instalments with interest ; the whole being paiil
up, the settler to receive a title to the land in fee simple. These
terms imve been fuliilled, and the settlers have received their deeds.
It Wiis also reipiired that each settler, on entering his lot, should
immediately put up a house, not inferior to a prescrii)cd model,
^vhich was of log, twenty-four feet long, by eighteen feet wide, and
twelve high, to be set back thirty-tiu-ee feet from the road, and en-
closed in front with a picket fence. Any who wished were at liberty
to make their houses as nuicli larger and i)etter as they cliose, and
in many cases did so. Some came in with nothing but their strong
right arm to help them ; others liad acquired a little j^i'operty, and
commenced at a much greater advantage ; the former had, in a
literal sense, "to take their bread out of a stump," and hard enougii
their work proved. The land Wiis heavily timbered with elm, hick-
ory, oak, maple and ash, which nuist be hewn down, consumed, and
the la'ushwuod cleared mit liefore an ear of corn could 1)0 raised.

ir-

...1

Tliu liiiul heiii^ lovcl uiul the soil clayey, it was nocrssary to (»i)OU
nuuieri)ii« ditclius in order to carry uit' the water to tlie creeks,
wliich, when properly kept open, sui)ply sutiicieut drainage.

The parallel roads or conces^'ions which intei*sect the settlement
at intervals of 200 acres, existed only on the charts, avid the tower-
iiif,' giants of the forest, who had so long held undisturbed possession,
would not yield an inch exccjit to the fatal stroke of the axe. 'I'he
ditticultics were indeed great, each man however understood, on
coming in, that all he was to receive was the opportunity to make
a home and aequire independence — "work or sink" was the motto —
and results abundantly testify that almost all adopted the former
alternative.

Meanwhile, in furtherance of the moral interests of the settlers, a
mission was formed, sui)ported by the " Canada Presbyterian Free
Church," and Mr. King, being a minister in that body, was appointed
to the charge. Schools were opened in which, in addition to the
ordinary branches taught in the connnon schools, opportunities
were atloided for acipiiring a knowledge of the classics, and higher
branches of literature, to such as might aspire to the professional or
scientific walks of life. Three other school-houses have since been
erected in the nio.'e remote parts of tlie settleujient, which are con-
ducted on the connnon school system of the country, so that there
arc now four schools, with an attendance of three hundred scholai's.
Two hundred of these attend the KSabbath schools. Seven hundred
have already jjassed through the mission school, and received a good
common education, whilst others have been trained as teachers ami
ai'c now occupying important posts both in Canada and the States.
Ctne of the former pupils is teaching in the City of Washington,
another in Chatham, Cana<la West. Two others are engaged as
Surgeons in the hospital at Washington, and another has nearly
(•,om[ileted his Collegiate course at Torontu. The schools are now-
all self-su})portiiig : the settlers have subscribed this year (18G(j)
one thousand dollars for educational pur^joses, besides four hundred
dollars which luui been raised towards the erection of a brick school

Iioiise in the village of Biixt mi. The church in goufl weiither is well
iittcnded, and a hirge number of tlie hearers are chxu'ch nunnbers ;
tho Sabliath hcIuidI opens ininiediately after the mornini; service, at
which time also Mr. Kin<j; conducts a Bililc class for the adults at
his own house. Libraries have been jirovided for tlie use both of
the schools and the conj^'regation.

The Methodist and Haptist forms of worshiii, in which more free-
dom and license are allowed to the hearei's, are however better
suited than Prcsbyterianism to the impulsive and demonstrative
feolinj,'S of the African. A large majority therefore ai'e attached to
these denominations; and, as ])erfect liberty has been afforded them,
they have erected churches of their own ; and a very larire propor-
tion of the popnlati;Mi aie to be foimd every Sabbath day attending
some place of worship.

Settlers continued from the first to come in every year. In 1855
a pood saw and grist mill was jiut up in Buxton, by means of which
abundance of excellent timber was sup])lie('., so that the erection of
good h(»uses proceeded more rapidly than before, in the ensuing
year a brick yard and pearlash factory were added ; likewi.se a store,
a two-sturv brick hotel and a good frame house, ii'tended for a
prixate lK)arding house ; and a new bi-anch of industry was opened,
which has already proved of the greatest possible advantage. This
is the making of black salts, which are prepared from the iishes of
varioii.s kinds of timber, and arc afterwards disjioscd of to the man-
ufacturers of p >t and pearlash. The only exj)ense inciUTcd is the
purchase of the large kettle tor boiling. By tlii.s means also the
work of clearing the land has been greatly stinudated, and vast
quantities of wood, w liich nuist otherwise have lieen utterly wasted,
have been converted into an article of high commercial value, and
become a valuable source of wealth ^) the community.

Indoors, many are engaged in prei)arin'4 and spinning flax and
wool fur garments, and theu is no doubt that this most desirable
liranch of industry will shortly be practised to a much greater ex-
tent. The hindrance hitherto hiis been the impossibility ui' rai.sing

ah'ep on dniiip or newly- cleared jiuids. This obativcle is becoming
k'Hi- every yesir, and we have good hopes of seeing in a few years the
f veiy-day garl) of the connuiinity entirely of their own manufacture.
The land on the older clearings is already lit for raising flax and
tobacco. Scviral of the settlers are well accinainted with the culti-
vation of these jdants, and the UKjde of preparing them for use or
for the ni.irki.t, and are proposin'4 to devote a considerable portion
of their time and land to these jmrjjoscs.

From its eommeucement till the present time, the history uf the
Bu.xton si.'ttlement has been one of gradual advancement in all
things wliich constitute the prosperity of an agricultural people;
yet, like all similar movements, it has liad its tluctiiations. The
zeal and enthusiasm with wliicii many at first entered upon their
arduous i)ut hopeful task, gave way lor a tim-.' ln'f'on' the eoniiiiu-
ance ot severe lalior, unaceonrjanicd l)y present rc(piital, tlicso
persons leaving their farms and going el.scrt'iiere to .seek employment;
of coun-.e, their ov.n l.aids were nej:le('ted, or nearly so, and it is
obvious tiiat such neglect would be injurious in an unopened r imtry
not only to the interests of the individual, but also to those of his
neighbours. Two or tiu-ee years' desidtory labour, which, though
for the present more remunerative, did uot advance their ]>ernianeut
interests, servi'd to sliow uiost ol'tiiem their erroi-, and tliey returned
to liuxton witli rviiewed deteriuination to persevere in tlu' woik,
which, though bai'reu aud tnilisonie at lirst, was a sure road to inile-
pondeuee and plenty.

(n IS")?, the KIgin .settlement was honoured witli a visit from
Lord AlthorjK', now Ivirl Spencer, in company with several other
gentlemen. Besides calling on some of the .settlers, and witnessing
the cimditiou of tla-ir hou.ses and fanus, lie iuid the opportimity of
seeing them gathered together on the t)Ccasioii, when a lianquet —
of which several himdreds partook — was provided iu an arbor
erected for t!ie jturpose iu a grove on Mr. King's farm. The settlers
and their distinguished guests were mutually delighted with the
novel scene. >>i»-""e that time similnr festivals have been held on the

lirst of AiiL;ii.st to colebrato Wewt India Einiinciiiiitiou. Tlicso occa-
sions, oil wliicli the (liiinor is fiirnishcil l)y tli(> comumnity fiom
thfir oit'v prothice, would satisfy the eii(|iiinHg stnuiiivr tl:at tlicn;
was no sciircit}- among tlioni of tho necessaries, and even of tlie
inxnrios of the faliK". Turkeys, fowls, ducks, roast j)igs, geese, ven-
ison, licef, niiitt(.ii, and land), load the hoard. Wgetahles of all
kinds, licitiitocs, [i-.usniiis, |)e;is, French h >anH, asparagus, <tc., witii
pickles and lavstrvrs, are on hand : whilst rich iced cakes and
jiast ry, in various forms, disfilay tiie tiste and skill in cookery, so
chaniL'teiistic of tlie race.

i.nrd .Althoipc and his frienrls were hiirhly satisfied with what
fhcy saw of tlie jirosjierity of this interesting community ; and the
siuue feeling has lieen e.\|iii'ssed iiy numerous other intelligent
visitors to iJiixtoii.

Sixteen yeii's a;^ii, when Mr. Kill;: tirst came to liiixton, the whole
country was one nnltiokcii foi-i'st; thi' wild deer and the wolf ro<'uned
unmolested tlir<ie,L'.i its dark solitudes. Roads, thi'i'o were none,
with the exceptii of the military line rnnning from Lonchni to
Sandwich through the centre of the peninsula- laid out by Colonel
'I'alliut after the war with the United States in 1SI2, and settled on
each side with liritisli suhjects, who received grants of 100 ucri's
eacli oil Condition of creciiii;.c a l.ig cahin and clearing a certain
jMiiiitui of land 'ii I'ach side of the road. .\t the present time up-
wards of "iOOd acres of fTest land have luen i'|car<'d and laid under
(iiltivatic'ii. 'rw('iity-ti\(' miles uf road have lieeii openeil up through
the settlement in various directions, the same extent of drainage has
;ilso heen completed, icndering the whole land dry, with a goixl road
to eacli farm.

'I wo iiuiulivd and lifty families have here made themselves com-
Initahle holm .>, where they n.'>w live snpportim: themselves hv tln'ir
iiwn industry. In \\\><>,\ of tiiese dwellings the family altar has heen
set up, wliriicc the Voice of praise and prayer a.scends from griit( fnl
hearts to the I'athi'i' of all mercies. It is satisfactory also tnhealtio
tM stati' th.ii. i.iiih as rc-ards licallh ami m.i|-als, the settlement will

hour ftivoumlilo ct>iiii)..i'isuu with aiiv coiDiiimiitv of the same size.
Nothing thiit iutoxitates is niKclo or sold in the sttiknicut, and
drunkenness is a crime almost unknown among the settlers.

Most of their houses have been put up ou t'le jires^rihed model,
hut many are of frame which have a nuu li laater appeai'auee, and
are capable of a much higher degiee of fiuit^h, l;esidcs which there
arc several brick houses, the bricks for Ashiih were niiide at the
brick-yanl in Huxt(.n. The log and frame houses are whitewashed ;
some ai'e shaded with gallercs and en (ping plants, and surrounded
with' neat fences enclosing tasteful gardens.

In the year 1862, there were thrte hunihc d acrts m wu in wheat. ;
six hundred in Indian corn ; two hundred in oa\.i ; two hundred
and fifty, meadow; about four hundred weiv devoted to potatoes,
peas, turnips, buckwheat, Sec. ; fourteen to toliaccn, ar.l sixteen to
flax. Tiicre were owned by tlie settlers, -.nc hundred yoke of oxen
(used in farming), one hundred and thiity horses, two hundred and
fifty milch cows, eighty sheep, and hogs without numlier, and eveiy
succeeding year hius been adding to the wealth of the settlei-s.

Indoors, their homes consist of a large room with a j)lank tluoi' ;
at one end is a huge chinmey, where, duiing the long cold winters,
the blazing lugs diU'iise cheeii'ul light and heat. In most cases a
small riicm is partitioned oft" for a sleejiing apartment ; the whole is
ceiled with boards, and the si)ace between these and tin.' shingled
roof is aKo divided into two compartments as sleeping lofts. In the
moanest of these dwellings tlu'i'e is at least one decent liedstead, a
talile, a few t.iairp, iVc. In most, these conveniences are much
mon numerous, and some of the better houses are buili (.•oiufortably
and neatly funiished, and adorned with uay prints; and happily
there is no fear of distraining for rent cr !iny such calamitv.

The natural taste of the c<. loured race for nnis .' has been developeil
and cultiva*^ed by the fovniation of singing classes, conducted by ojie
of themselves, on Ilullah's vnca! .system, in which they have made
very creditabk' progress. Twi^ niusiial bands liavi been funurd, our
in conuectifU with the nulitaiy (in.iiHix ; the itlur, a brass baud.

for festivji! occasiuiis, in now under tiainiiig by agotitleman of much
experience, who speaks highly of their progi'eps.

AVrit-ng in Fobriiarv, 186t), Mr. King says : "This settlement is
a standing jjrotest against the charges brought against the Negro,
of idleness and incapacity to manage his own business. Just at
tills critical period in the reconstruction of the slave states, and the
settlement of other questions connected with the freedom of the
si ive, it is well that we have at le:ist one community '<f freed men,
of whom it can bo said tli it they are self-supporting and industrious.
While enjoying all the riirhts of freemen, they are well behaved, and
exercise tlieir civil riglits with as much judgment as any (jther
scttl'.rs coming into the province. 'I'n-day, the thermometer stands
tive degrees below zero, witli snow a foot deep, and yet there is not
ati iil)lc-bodie(l man in the settlement who is not in the woods with
axe and crosscut saw miking stave- for the foreign market, and
ttiking saw lo-,'s to the mill. There is a high price for timber and
sti'.ves ; this is the motive to exerti<'U and all are busy. The n)ill
this yeur will deliver .')O0,()(»0 feet if timber at the end of the
Centre lioad, which is now c )mpletcd to the lake, and in summer is
one 0*' tiie loveliest drives in the west. From the middle road to the
lake is a straiglu wide avenue, with the primitive forest trees of
stately growth on each side ; at the ond of the avenue Lake Erie
bui-sts up;)n the view in all its maji'sty. The opening up of this
ioad has give.i a new impulse to the industry of the settlei-s, iis it
has given them a(;cess to a ready maiket for any amount of staves,
hrowood, lumber. A'c. riie settlement never has been in a more
prosperous condition than it is this year."

A. M. H.U{|{|.s.

/li I inni'/liiim.

* •

r-.4'"

l»':»-

i^ .1-- ^.

±^

./,

•^

iiiA

r".

■i**" .

**Y.«

if,^^

jmfi^

*^ .

•TOL,"l^i

i-^^

i.IE'^

<Sr

CjLU N T Y

Alii

I'l 8 ^tl

:Ji:3

VI. --■.^' ',

"ES-

4-^r^^

.:-:^^^,

:^^

MIDDLE

-Tr- ^^,1,^^^

/.\

■^-

•"■»■■

K I N

[f^Alif^.S

f^?**-

^tj"*

.^5

•^1

— ^ -

-T 1 21.1 "'"'S^ 4^ |T?f^

l\.-

*SE

ciiSi*

THOMPSON

STREET

-■ViVJ

iM?

dfe^^

^Ai

li;S.

Vi'c

ii.'

'^11'

'*^^'

-^ -V / /•

. ^' // /

f:-^l> xi'^'w E s i\

,j:1fc2@^a

'»^'-.

'^^:

Ma.

/•^

//// A^/////. /f-wr//////'// ifv/^ uuv/p(>fal4(/- />// .4// 0/
/'(ir/idiiunf U^ '^' . Jnfjiisl. liS5([ /or iJu Sncuf/ nftf/ .iloni/
~Zl/ii/j/ t'lufiiiiit '•/ l/tf Ivlvm/y /\)pui/Uiv7i 0/ /{ifia/jf/i .

/7/r SU/h/iKiU i/i n4'ar/cr 6\tfi/fs Ic/kj <(• J Mt/(s
ifu// tp/ilfnf '/i/i ///)('fU ^'JO /afitflu/i u:i/)ra<rt(ff ahon/

r/u /(ukJ is (hvidff/ i/i//> /''an/is c/ oC- ,'hfji/i
/•{i<// niid f/it /icn.ffxs- biwli a/^'/ii/ Uif frni{.i.s-^ions a/l4r

II(U/J /<S lift /»/ J/ IZ f(4l /Ui4/l Ofu/ .U/y ;/> //V/

//■f>//i ////■ B.niid uicIoskI in froiU ui(Ji (i /^/r/-^/ /i//u

■-HibsesB:

■J/f/rrffUf''^
J /I'n " It' Jli'ui{/s //{^usf / find V(.ff/

/i . ///.y,-y//'// l/iu/(h

hi I'm f /iu.rfai Pvst Cffuf.

/) . i/i.'isn'/. Sdircl

/■ .///It 'Iv/y Bri(/i //<>n/
(1 /)//iJi ,)i'ii//i ■)>'//(>/)

J. Suh/// : fur ((' (Iru/ . tfi//.

/ /nrpui/xn S/np

/ ■'i'/ivf -S'/vp

.1/ /hst/n/ ^i/ivo/

r //Cf.s ('/ v7^//'^« f/u/t

/' i%.,fr?i .S\

u/i4uri

J S tUSOH DTK* ad^lMN S7 BIWM"