M !• .••' <■'<■ > mi J*. CIHM t! Microfiche Sieries. ;:r-5' ;_^ ^ {li/lonogra / %•' ♦i»» ^« iCMH Coiiection de microfiches (monographies) J 1' i *' \r k... fit > Canadian Inttltuta for Historical Microraproduction^TTnttitut Canadian da microraproductions historiqua* ' ■ . . •' . ^- ■-"■" ' ' . '. ♦ ■ '^ • • . ■ : ■. . ■ . . ■ ■ ■ ■ -^ ■ ■■ -■■■.■" ■ . . - :■; - '■ u .-■-"" li.' ! ■. :i. U. oriqiM* •,^v:>-:- f:: TiM liwtiiut* Hm altemplMl to < cbpv avaiMMt for filminf. FaMwrat of this copy whkh may b» MMiofraphieaNy uniqua, wrMdi may ahar any of tiw ima||N in tfw raproduetioM. Of whkh may tiffiificaiitl^ chan«a tha ustial niathod of filminf. ara chackao balow, . QColouijad cewtn/ ■ Couvatjtuca da coulaur 0Co»ar«|daw a pd/ CoMvartuia andommafto ■■■ .-.v' '■"-■:: :>■:■' ■>"'■•■■■■.-■... ■■■ .■; ■ ; ■ ■ □ Cdvars rattorid and/or laminatad/ CoMvartura' rattMrte at/oH palliCMMa □ Covar titto mittint/ La titra da eouva^ra nMn«M Taahfliaal and BihUofraphle No«at / Nefat lachmquM at biblioffraphiquai □ CokMiradmap aA.V; ■ •.\-.^; ..;'U- ■■."... — r^ Cartas 9*ographiq|iiai an eoulaur p~l Cotajlirad ink (i.a. othar than Mua or Mack)/- I I Encii da eoiilaiir.(i.a. iulva qua Maoa ou noira) □ CokMirad platas and/or UlMtrationt/ Ptanchas at/ou illuttrationt an cdulaur Bound with othar matarial/ RaM a«ac d'autratdocumantt r~^ Tight Mndinc may causa ihaddwl or diitonibn UlJ along intarior margin/ V La raliura •arr^a'^paut cauaar da I'omhira ou da la distortion la long da la marga intirifura ' ' '' '■ ' . ' .-/■■■• . . □ Blank laavas addad during rtitorftion may appaar within tha taxt. Whanavar possUMa. thasa ha«a ' baan omittad from filming/ / |l sa paut qua cartainas pagas IMapchas ajouttes U^. ibrt d'una rastauration appariissant dans la taxta, mais. Ibrsqua cala ftait potsfMa. cas pagas li'ont . ' pasMfihnMi. L'Institut a microf iWnA Ic maillaur awaihp to iiw ^u'il hii a 4t* poisibia da sa procurer. Las dMails da cat Mamplaira qui sunt paut-itra un i quas du point da «ua WbUographiqua. qui pauwa n t^ ^ mgdifiar una imaga raproduita. ou qui pauvant axigar una modification dans la mMioda normala fla Yilmaga spnt indiquls ^ ciHlasfOut, ■ < ' ' >~ -*■ ..■..■.■.■■■■. □ Coki£rad pagas/ : ■ [Pagas da coulaur Qte"*""^' Pagas andommagaas I j>agas rastorad and/or laminatad/ Pagas rastaurlcs at/pu paMicultes n SPigas discolourad. stainad or foxad/ Pagaf dteolorAas, tachatias ou piqut a s □ Pagafdatachad/ — ■ Pagas d4taeh«as r r~~pt Showthrough/ \ L__J Transparanca Q Quality of print varias/ Qualiti inigala da Timpratsion □Continuous pagination/ Pagination continua a Inclodas lodax(as)/ Comprand un (das) indax Titia on hcadar takan from:/ La titra |la I'an-tttajproviant: I I TitIa paga of issua/ Paga da titra da la livraison I I Caption of istua/ Titra da depart da la livraiaa auTvanta llluatrant la mAthoda. ^ .^ '.Jb ' \ ■ « / * <■■ ^ ~ "■::^-' ■' • • ■''..-■■,■ « 5 • 6 •4 ^■i;-.;^^^^iSfiir - ■ .:-i ^Mioocdrv MMUfTioN ran cnait (ANSI and ISO TEST CHART Ha. 7) *.■...' V*- 1.0 m itt u IK III u 133 IM [1.55 11.4 i.2 1.8 ■M- llllli 1.6 ■•# ^ /1PPLIED IM^GE li inc <6S3 East Main StrMt RoetiMtar, Nnr Yorii 14«pt (ka (716) 4«2- 0300- PhonT^ (716) xm^stn-rm m ay iJt iminaMBMHa '*\ ,* f >*■♦ 'ii •nmmmaji IRON MINES OF NOVA SCOTIA! -. . p/ ... -^.___„.i^ y "''■'■: ACADIAN IRON MINES. TiiK province of Nova Sjaotia lius long been fauifinibr itH valuable mineral dopojiitH, and there is gcjod reu«oii to Iwlievo that the early French settlei-H carried on extensive mining oiMjratioiis. The nomenclature oi the country, which has been handed dowh to our times, proves at least that they were aware of the exiat- ence of mines, which were unknown to the present inhabitants a few years since ; and it is upon the shores of the " Basin de's Mines," and on the slope of a range of hills, whosQ western ''•Jj^emity to seawartrls still called Cape d'Or, that tKc remark- able^dciwsits, known as tl|e Atv\i)rAN> Iron Mines, occur. The General Milling Association, under a royal Charter grant- ee] to the late Duko of York, have been for upwards of twenty- hver years engaged in working the extensive mines of coal which occupy a largo area of Nova Scotia aiwl Cape Breton. By vir- tue of this charter that assocj^itinn claims, for a term of years, all mines and minerals existing in or upon all the ungranted lands of the Crojirn, and upn all granted lands where the mines and minerals were reserved to the Crown in the original grants. It happens, however, that certain extensive districts were granted to the early settlere, without any reservation of mines or mine- rals, or with reservation only of the precious metals; and it is not a little remarkable that the most valuable deposits of iron, ores, hitherto discovered, exist in localities to which the Duke's charter does liot apply. The township of Londonderry, which is situate upon the northern shore of the Basin of Mines, is what is called a free ffrant, and is entirely exempt from quit-rent or royalty of any tiA, kind^Thi > is towa«!hip, which hoA a frohtii^ ot' tw point of. purity amWrich- neafl of yield, and for tl^ excellence of tho iron and steel Jvhich they produce. The mbst remarkable varieties arc— Firit, tho :tpecular or glance iton ore, which Dr. Ure says " ia I puro peroxide of iron, TOO parts containing 99 per cent, of the per- oxide,' and consists therefore of very nearly 70 of metalLnd 80 . of oxygen. When sihelted, 100 parts yield 75 of cast-irttn— tho increased weight above 70 being due to combined carb|n. Ita upeoific gravity is 4-72." Of this ore Mr. Mushet says :— *'I«rii enaoled to fvronouncb that no ore of equal cxce|ienco hai* hitherto been discovered in tho United Kingdom, nor have | met with any that will bear comparison with it from abroad, and tbil has been cionfirmed to my piind by a series of experiments, from wlich it ban resulted that cast-steel, of tho most perfect quality, can hi produced at onod by simple fusion from this most remarkable jroilore. The results I attained placed this ore upon an equal footinjr with the Wootz ore of India ; and I, therefore, consider it a source from whidi atoel-iron and steel may be derived, of a quality'Oven surfoassing thff produce of the Swedish Minee.'^ 9>v.Q0^ii.-^Micac€qus SpcciUar Iron Or$—0i Muehet say^ :-^ this Mr. ^ •♦ This ore consists of soft unctuous massed of micaceo us oxydo of iron, resen^bling black Jead in its appearance, and staininJ the fingers after the^lnanner of rich plumbago. It contains no trace r^ '■"''^^— arMnie* of any other earthy or metallio lUloy, which may of sulphur, prove inju' rec ■"I '■ per als( i . ofi hi^^"'^- ^Wi8«^p«^«g1|^ iil(*n npoft ivrn tlunk niodt'rat (lire<;tifl^ri icso hi\U. Hhoro/ot' . Thia in a crund>ly red brown uiinoral— 100 partH of it ooniiiHt of: — Peroxide of iron - • , - H4"t Hiliea • - • - . ' . k- >Ioiiiture • • - . „ . . y-n ■ V ■ ■■ ' — «_--■ ■• 100-0 Dr. Uro says of ihoso ores that •' They nro excellent, bcinj? pure, rich in metal, and easily amelted, and that charcoal iron niade from them will rival the best marks of Hwediwh iron." \ ''.: V ■ ■ Mr. Mushct thus sums up the results of a scries of exporiincnt*' made by him with the specular and micaceous ores : — " On reviewing the preceding nine experiments! may remark, that I have never betbrp met with an ore of iron which has producwl results of such even and unifonu excotlencc, exccptmg only the Indian Wootz oro, and with this latter, the results obtaine mines, are from the foregoing experiments, as follows,:-^ Per centage of pure iron obtained from the ore \ 68'!20 Ditto of refined metal ditto' • \69-4T Ditto of white east iron ditto^^ . ^70-76 f Ditto ., of gr07.oast iron ditto- t m v.. • ! of thi^ >xhibitM iti iri u»iiily I HpCHMinCtl nil <»r« of or«." ii^H w: — ' tit! ttm\Uj — 8pot;ific [(urtM of it _.x..^:. 5in^ puro, utie from ■ • 4 '1 •» "I i onnicnt*' i .i mrk, that ■•■* 'I producwl 10 Indian ! no way u r iron of ■J from the ' 19 4 7 6 ~^.:'i ■■"*». It . ■ -. '■-4 • ■■1" J- • I- Ao thilt rto fkr AN nroductlvonoM h ooncorndd, tho (|uality of thi" or0 t'Uiiiiot Itf) mutoriiilly HuriMiwHMl. "Thu oro in cvniuntation roudily pnrtH with itM oxyf^on, and is com* plotvly iiiwt»lu(*ii HtrutiHiul with alnjut oiiO'Hixth of itH weight M' wood (-hnrcoal, and tho milmtiqiutnt procdwtoii, ill oonvorting tho contfiitud oro iiit(» bar iron and Htuol aro all attuiidod * with a facility and Vtirtaiiity, whieh iip(*ak volumcM to my mind in favour of thu purity and oxcullcnou of thiji oru, aa applied td iron and Htecl making in all thoir hrauvhur*. *' I havu no hunitation in nflirming, that tho nmclting of thoHO oroM, which aro Hai. •! nearly as good M the red ore, and very much inoreases t$o valoe of the ankerite in the parts which contain it." ediis Besides the foregoing, vrhicfi inaj all be classed lis primarr 9re8, there i^eiarge deposits and veins pf red, brown/, and Mack bematit^, besides carbonates and hydrates. Extensive beds of red and yellow ochre, of excellent quality, are also found in many places along the line. , • / With respect to the extent of these remarkable deposits and iii» quantity of ore, Dr. Gesner, the author of t work upon the " Geology " and " The Industrial Resources of Nova Scotia," ^aays:- — '' ■■ _ ■ ■ ,■■'■.,■■ , ■ '.;■". '^'- ' : ■ ■ - - ./* I caused a deep trench to bo dng-atjjiight angles to the supposed depositor vein, and to a depth suffrei^ to jreach the compact and undecomposed masses of the ore. The scctiMi thus made across the bed or vein was 20 feet iigength, btit the .tfench did not reach either of the aides of the ore, and t^efoi-fe' its thieknoss still remains onknown. I am of opinion that the depth is far too great ever to bo JMertained. I followed the ore to the distance of three-quarters of u mile, but the length of the ore bed, like its depth, is unknown. From these facts it may be observed that the ore itself is perfectly inex, hauatible, and its situation most favourable for mining. BIr. Dawson, in his Report, observes as follows :— "• "A small excavation, less than half a mile frcni the river, ha/* exposed, a portion of the vein, shewing a width of two feet of specular ore, and about four feet of ankerito; and on the continuation of the vein, a little further eastward, a mass of specular iron, several yards ; in width, hag been disclosed. Further eastward, and nearly on the highiMt part of the mountain, where the out crop of the vein is cover- ^only by two feet of soil and gravel, larger cxcavationa were niadc. One of these, a north and south trench, 17 yards in length,, exposed a maw ofoohery, red iron ore, with streaks of micaceous iron ore, and i^mte-^nd did not at either extremity reach the wall of the vein. Northward of the extremity of this trench, a space of 28 yards in widdi, not excavated, shewed a little quartzite projecting above the myraoei and beyond this another excavation, nine yards in width, ®Ji><*ed la^ masses of red ankerite, with numerous disseminating plates of micaceous iron ore ; and many fissures of from six inches tp one foot in breadth, filled with red and micaceous specular iron ores. In throe other excavations on this Tot, one of them a considerable dip» -' ' ' 'l I- •f'f*r* ?" 'l.'^^Br™ ^^ '■' tmnco northward of that last mentioned, ankerito and iron area, arrangiKl ati above dfiponbed, and without any mixture of quarts rook, were diDdosed. • , . " From the facts above stated, it is apparent, that the depont at liondondorry Mountain is a vein of ankerite, including many, and often large masses and minor vefins of red ochery, and micaceous speoukriron ore; that in the hilly country, euRtward of the Polly River, it attains a very great development, and is capable of afford- ing Ivge quantities of ores of iron. 'It is also evident, thattbe portions of the vein yet uncovered, are rclativel^^y small, mid probably give very inadequate ideas of the real j^|pitude of the deposit. , /;!_:„;, , ::_ •♦ Thejout cropping of the vein at those points where, it altains il» greatest "magnitude, being at an elevation estimated at ^00 feet above the level of the Folly River, and being traversed by several deep ravines, it could be* drained and work, to a great depth, by open excavations or levels, driven in the course of the vein itself ; and at many points^ l^ifi? the oiroumstance that carboniferous deposits exist both to the north and south of the nnge of hills in which they are contained, it is impossible to eatertaui a - doubt thalt the iron ores of Londonderry are of very great economical and commercial va,lue. ^ '■>■ ^' Pictou, September lOtk, 1846." It is to be observed that since the foregoing reports of Dr. Gesner and Mr. Dawson were niade, the deposits htffre been proved to extend several miles farther than vras then ascertained. Mr. Dawson made a second survey, in company with Mr. Hayes, in September, 1849, and the following are extracts from his Report:— -;.»; >^. '■■■■, / .-'":.■ "Since 1846 excavations have been made at a place about s toile eastward of the most eastern point noticed at that time. Here the vein ^eems to be brgely developed, and 18 feet of its width, oonasting of / I* "• "^f J^ff^"" itr^^-V-^-smmitTf^yi -^^^fe",."'rF'ffT^*" ^. f ■.■8- ■. ■■■:■:■■■■ rediwnore and red ankerite. have been exposed without reaching either wall. At the most eastern point of my former examination . new opemngs have been made, shewing a great thicknesH of ankerite with veins of specular ore. - / . "Westward of the Folly River, large blocks of hematite, mixed with quartB, mark the continuation of the vein, and two nmall exca* vations have exposed red and specular ores. Between the east and west branches of the Great Village River the colour of the soil, and the presence of fragments of ore on the surface, indicate the continua- tion of the deposits, r " "In tracmg the vein -further westward the dolour of the soil indi- Ojltes^its continuity, and in Cook's Brook, distant about a milo from . the Great Village River, very largo boulders of specular ore have been found.* At this place a shaft sunk in the bed of the brook has penetrated to the depthr of 40 feet through a mass of yellow ochre, with occasional irregular bands of ankerite. This is probably the Bouthsideofthe vein, covered by an unusual thickness of decom- posed ankerite and carbonate of iron, and by driving to the northward, ^ ""i SL*^® ™oro compact and productive parts of the vein will be found. ^ The whole ?ippearance at this point impresses me with the belief that it will be found to be one of the richest and least disturbed parts of the deposit. Still farther westward, in Martin Brook a nar- ' ^""'il^ J specular ore has been found in the course of the vein. "This deposit has now been traced continuously for about seven mile8,and there is good evidence that these are not its ex.treme limits. In. that distance it presents several points at which it can be con- veniently and cheaply worked, and its whole produce may, if'necessji- ry, be concentratedat any one point on its line or bearing. "On the whole, the facts obtained in the present year tilly confiriu the opimon expressed in my Report of 1846, that the deposit is a true vein, very irregular in i# dimensions and in the development of its va- luable contents, but capable of affording very large supplies of very pure and valuable ores of iron, ^dthere can bMo doubt that the more recently explored localities near the Great Village River are equally valuable with the parts of the deposit previously known, an4ve exceedingly valu^e. AU that .va. wanted waa capital to tura these^resources toJofi^ Ible account With regard tQ the shipping place, it could bt t^^ frlthe .iVe of the^mines. There ^ a singular comW Hon of^al iron, and lime there, >vhich .vas wanted at Anapolis ?fLhS these nines in his possession, he was satisfied he could i^^i^^:^ with them whi4 would h. benefi^^^ to the county. The ore w^s indeed very rich a«d the V^^ty^ .be believed illimitable." He also stated, " that if tjiis >aluable ei^Jr^^^^ in the original grante ot ♦trCr6wu-md conveyed to the General Mmm- Association, ill^y^^S iJa^^. S^^ establishment at Londonderiy by till. . i.^S^l rt-smel^^^^^ , belongs tc^Mess^ Harrison, Amslie, & Co., at Backbarrow. , ,/■■ to "bo of a firchbrickn in yariouii' connected i England, ig the ore, lio place of bour, could not cxeced- )fwork. Fodish iron, 3st price of I hayo eccn npany com- f pr,oving a wanting to ^ova Scotia entitled to 184Y, said, entific men, ly valuable. ;es to profit' it eould be ar combina- at Anapolis. led he could hinisclfaiMl he qirantity. this vialuable lal grants of Assoieiation, lorry by tlurt having been t the ^nace Backbarrow, in North Lancaabire. They ar« the only nartiea^ in the United Kingdom who reduce iron from the ores by mctona of charcoal fuel ; and Mr. Thomas Roper, the intelligent And experienced managing partner of that establishment, thus/expreBscs himself in a letter addressed to Mr. Archibald, under date of 8th Febru- ary, 1850:— •'lam now so satisfied of the perfectly casy/usibility of your ores, add the excellent quality of the pig iron proddced therefrom, that 1 teeh tfyery confidence in your compjotc mwced The great strenf^h of your iron, accompanied as it is By the mofi( perfect ductibility; will not fail to place it high in the iron market./ 1 have now little hemtu- tion in prophecying your complete success/ and I trust you will rosii. a rich reward for all your labour, and yo/r indomitable pen-everanci iLw"^"^ * valuable mineral dej.o^t into Us prei-ent promiwug , Again in the following year heysays :- "I feel fully convinced of the /ramonso value of your property, and perfectly certam that with o;ainary good management it b capa- ble ofmaking princely retui-nafof judicious outlay. The orea are so easily managed, fuses and worts so kin^lly in the furnace, find the produced metal is so universal/n its applicability for Euperior purposes f**' y<^" »'"? ?o^ '? a positioii, by commencing the manufacture of pig iron and refimiig with charwial, to step at once to a high plac? in the Iron market of the worl/. I mentioa these two proljesses only, because these^you can i^rry on cheaper than they cat. be done aiiy where else umler the Bud or I am much mistaken ; and because they do not involve either ^pensive outlay in plant or machinery, nor any great amount of «A-i//j^ labour." "^ ■ ■ , ^. ^ (Extract f^m the Keport ^f Dn. VmctVAL of Contjcctlcut, i:. 8) -From the examination I have made, there appears to me satisfiw^ fc L '^'"^'.^1^^,'''^ ''V^^^'^'^ ^^°f- Be«Jes the better quali ties of the ore, Builable for the Catalan works, there is a very Ireit S L ^^J'l^''^^^ ^i^ the ankcrite and with the rooky 4Si might be worked to great advantage in a bln.t furnace. I Ime ob- served m the heaps of rubbish thrown out, that therock, including the masses or nodules of ore which might bo so employed, »; quit^ J^ k ^ - ''J|,. T,*?^^"" -T^^ ^ Wf£^' ■♦ '^•' ... 12. ■; ■ -^ :.■,, tcj a«compoHition, ho that by exposing ft awhUo to the weather, the nroc.i«. ot- dctadung the ore might be fUcihtated The y« "ojj °<^hm Lide from it8 vulue a« a paint, .night be v«ry "^efully employed in n blast furnace. Such ochre«, or ochrey ^^--^^^'Jj*^'" ^j;"" Xr^Ue ployed in the Stafford (CcJnn.) ftinmccs, y»"'-h have ^cen oUicrwwc Lpplied with bogore., and are said to yield more and J«t «r »ron h « the latter. The more Ibrruginous varieties, at least, of th«^nf«"^^ (those verging towards the spathic ore) might also ^o employ^ m the blast furnace. The ankerite, besides its vh ue.«s a flux irn^t bt U3ed, I believe, with advantage as an hydraulje hmc, «»*J«^ "^^^ with u due proportion of prepared clay, so that a Very '"go^portion of the entire eSntents of the >r «»«» .f ^^^r/S 'SraTraUs ' turned to profit. And when it is considered that the mineral ranges m,iv avcraffc250 vards wide, oil an extent of at lea^ eight or ton Ss:^"SffiSlt^o conceive the --"rceswhich by proper ajj^^ ment they may furnish. Although my W! "'"'^'^ ^^onirotM^^^^^^ werelimied, and did „ot extend to nearly the entire e°g^^ "^.^J ; whole ranc^e yet from what 1 did observe, I could not but iormji^^ hfji e.sti«rat'eV the valueof this VroVfriy.<;?-f^l^ ou" refeieneo to the. inexhaustible supply of the best ^^^'^ priato fuel in its vicinity, and to the great ^«<^'%7J^^3^"'^^^^^^ ts nearness and easy accc.>.s to navigation "»^****V S notSE of the railroad across the centre Of the range. I need not turthei ob^vc'S all these circumstances will add very imxeh to its value. i i "i.j W. Fairuaikn. Esii, F. U. S., the emment Eijg«ieer^>^^ tuted a number of experiincnts upon the Iron »^«d Steel prod^^^^^^^^^ from the Acadian oVes/ and expressed the lii^es^^^ op™ ^ their nuality and value, and thus concludes an ^able and ex- ' Sn^Kepirt, read betbro the Philosophic^ Society of Man- clit'Ster. , . X • i /-The iron made from these (Aea^ian) ores 1ms ^'Ij^^^^" bcci. trj;^ /4r almost every purpose for which charcoal iron is used, and the /nlus haveW.. iniformly suecessfiil : tor tin plate, v^^re lij,rs«"£^»«' >S^S and so forth, ii is highly pmed ; Y^^^^V'^ at ^h<^' acknowledged to compare favorably with the best Swedwh. Tlic im- 'n^Tdep^sits of ores, and the unbounded supply of wood lor e^^^^^ .eeintojUfy the expectation, that m ^"^ure years Great Bnto^. will deriVe her principal supply of steel, and charcoal iron, from thih ..juarter." ■■■ 'T ' ' ■- '■ ■ -'^ StFH^'^'Jt ? *■•' t-* ^ t ^ -"-^s rm' f J> -"*■ i f"* r 7^^ \l^|^p^Hr-~*!?» T-'" eather, the ilow ochro, loyod in r much cni- n oUierwuso ur iron than he ankcrite oyed in the X, might b»V ler alone or rgo portion ges may bu leral rangeH ijrfit or ten per manage- cxamination iugth of the form a very itself, with- j[U08t appro- nt-cjanec by ctcj passage \ not further o its vahxe. Since the greater part of tjic foregoing Hcp<»rt8 were written the Acjulmn Iron Works have been erected, and the result of actual working hag proved that the abumluneo and purity of tli« ores, quality of the iron, and steel, und facilities for innnufac-' turc, have not Iwen overstated. , The able rqwrts of J. L. Hayes Es.|., the eminent American Mineralogist and Iron master, of Mr. (Jarswell the experience*! Manager of the Acadian Iron Works, and other praetienl men havmg alrcjidy been published, it is considered Unneceswary to- introduce them here. Such of them as were made anterii.r to ' the erection of the Works'contained predictions which have In'en more tlrnn verified by the actual results of operations. ' A number of letters and testimonials having « common appli- cability to the produce, as well of the Acadian afl the Victoria or jytctau Mines, will follow the reports upon the latter Mines f' — r^ ^/ , neer, insti- el produced it opinion of ble iund ex- ty of Man- ily been tried ised, and the s, horse nails, steel has been sh. The im- l for charcoal, Sreat Britani 'on, from this ./• f 14 \ R.t,h;t* oTlhe cMor mdkmtf P.o,I*o. ^< >»db«^"^, A^"- ««^- . Th« data {urnisLcd by Mr. Cairns rtndjotlicrs shew that tha' J:^^^ i-n «t Londonderry maybe cBt.matcd oh foUo^vs :— 10 2 12 14 4 A. 6 8 2 Tona of ore at iJs. pel- ton, ~ - ^^^— 3- Umeatono and flux, > • . • ' 2i Tons of Wood fuel at 59. Blast and Labour, • • • • • Conveyance to shipping port. • • ,-'.,, ^ Ik Interit on C«pit.\'for lO.OOa ton, annual yield, 5 ^0 Incidentals, • ; • • * * ._ Coat of Pig Iron per ton, free on board_ X2 10 Frdicht, Commission and Insurance, to Uingland / ^ jg q or to New York, ISs. per ton ) Pig Iron, per ton, delivered in England at X8 6 la practice the iron has co.st from 2 to 8 doH^r^ I?J',f " ^^^^^ but with the improved arrangements contemplated, it is believed a»t the above will be very near the mark. i -i ■ •,•■••■ s . ■ ■ ■. .■ . . '■ ■■ ■'ft'' -•.■ ■-■ .' •'■ ,- .; forge, worked |. ■ ■ ■■; N' • i placed withoui . ■ ■ '■ ■' ff" ' :-:;.;:^-. ;:;.:: .. - . ■ _ ... - ■ , ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ . ■ ■ . ■■•"■■■ ■ ■- -.''■■ • ■ ■ i ; "Se^ which 1 r -■--■- ■ . ' ■< 15 that tha' mated oh •• A. 10 2 12 6 14 8 4 6 2 10 10 15 6 • ton more, is believed VICTORU (Or NICTAtf) lEOH UmtS, . Theac mines arc situate in the Townships of ANNAPOLrj» atid Wilmot, in tho County of Annapolitj, on the south side of thtf Bay of Fundy, and nearly opposite tho city of St. John, New Brunswick ; and arc cmbracca in an area of country six mihts in length by from two to four miles iu breadth. Tho mineral field is mtorsected by tho Nicbiu river and tho Little river, which ^^ afford tho beat water privileges in tho Province; and tho whole •" roar country la covered with a fine growth of hardwoml. Tho principal doposit) arc within eight miles of ship navigation o» tho Bay of Fundy, and within three miles of navigable waters of the Annapolia river ; and tho western Railway, when com- fdcted, will tra verso tho mineral district throughout its whole ength. • , (Rstract Oram Um. nirn Beport.) , ' j '^The Nictau iron dros are situated i^ the townships of Annapolis and Wilmot, on tho northerly side of tho Sduth Mountains, and near thd Nictau River, by which they are intersected^ ' "A remarkable aspect is given to these ores, from their oontaining immense numbers of shells of the silurian moUusca, tho forms of the shells being exhibited with remarkable precision and beauty. Portions of tho calcareous matter of the shells have been preserved. Nature has thus provided a flux for tho iron, and mixed it more perfectly and intimately with the ferruginous matter than could be done by the most careful artificial process. ' " Fortunately, the excellent qualities of this ore, and the facility with which it is worked in tho blast furnace, have been practically demonstrated. Bar iron was made from this ore in a small Catalan forge some fitly years since. ^ Although I was unable to find any of . the irOn, I was able to obtain some information with respect to its Quality from an aged, though very intelligent man, who worked in the forge. According to his accounts the iron was tough and easily worked. It could bo easily worked while hot ; and when cold, and placed in a vice, it could be bent backwards and forwar^|bany times wiUiout breaking. l|P ** Several hundred tons of this oro were smelted in the blast fitfnaod which was formerly in operation upon Moose River, below ike towo t itt- iimiiiifi.'^ I .t' of Annapolij.. AlthoiiKh a ii.oHt abundant Hupply of ore cxiMcexliauRtibIc HUDPlv of oro can he abnolutoly detorminoil without expensive explor- ations, or until the mines are actually wrought, and all the ex|)cnd.. turc« of conHtructing eHtahli«linientH for working the qrcH are u.<;ur«Hl But thin important question \h here place.1 beyond dovbt, and the auantity may bo co»Hid«A^ed perfectly inoxhauMiblory ■ -; - * The out-erop of tli^oro between Abel un.1 J(«*eph Whcclock'n. ih on • a hill elevated oVer Ihreo hundred li.'et, by estimation above the valleyi-- in which the Nictauand Little Uivcrs flow. If the bc>lH are i«,n«l at thcHO point« drainage can bo cftocted without expense. A deep valley lien cast of WheelockV. fron. wl*icl(an adit could be opened o the ore-bed. "Tke water power of the J«i(ftau, and Little lliver. could bo made availabfe for clearing the water irom the mirto by pumpg. ••l*he expenBc of mining and delivering the ore at Nictau lniH«t ot any point as near, would not, I think, exceed one dollar j)er ton. ^ " In case it should bo desirable to vary the bed of fuBion. either to fttcUitat6 the working of the orcH, or to change the quality of the iron, larjte supplies of other varieties of oro may be obtained in the vicimty. Very extensive deposits of Bog iron, abound within a distance of three^ miles. There are also very px'tensive deposits of magnetic ores ot extraordinary purity and richness. •„ u u » „i «' The combustible for smelting the Nictau Oro will be charcoal aiid wood North of the or*-bed' the wood ha? been, to aeonsiderablc extent, cut away; but towards the sputh the hills arp. covered with a * noble forest of harcf wood,^conhiriting of .birches, map c ai« beech. Fortunately the settlements have extended but a little distance south of the ore-bed. A vast supply of wood can be furnished by the Nictau IRiver Which flows for a distance of over twenty miles through an unbroken forest. The wood can bo cut upon the banktJof the river and floated or " run" in, the stream, which, during several months in the year, furnishes sufficient water for that purpose. ConRideraWe supplies of wood are now obtained in that way. The lands m the vicinity of the river belong to tho Crown, and may be secured at a moderate price if they should^nptbo granted for tho use of the mines, which there is reason to hope>ii^bfdone. - , , . , *i.. "As in other parts of Nova Scoha, tho prices of labour at this locality are comparatively moderate*^ The rich lands and, large •imcultural population on the Annapolis Kiver and m the immediate y ioinit y, will faroish supplies and labour at moderate rates. Who^ "W?^^^*!^ 17 vrcr crootH workfl nt tni« plnc« will hn Havwl the cnormotM oxfMmfion whioli invariithly attoiul tlio conHtructinn of worlcH in a now country. A coiwidunition whivh thtmo only cnn fully oppruciuto nho havo had uxporiunito in undtirtiikingM of the latt(>r clnHn. '* Having boon |K)n|K)nully cngiigiNl in tlio mannfucturo of charcoal iron, nmt having viHited nourly nil the chnrconi inni trntuhliithinontit vuHt; of the Alleghany MountuiiM, [ know no Inonlity jn the ITnitotI HtatitH which |)n!HcntH advnntugCH for the nmnufucture of vhurcoal iron ('4|uul to thotk) of Nictau. ^~" There in one point in relation to tho wumifueture of iron , in Nov*^ Hootiat upon which I nuiNt H|)eiik with Iohh coiiKdcm-e, — that iH tliu moHt advuntugeous niurkut for the iron. The Aniorieaa duty on tbroign iron in of eoui-^e an objection to the ttale in the Unitotl 8tatc». The uuty oo NoVa Hcotia iron may be removed by the adoption of the propoHod HVHtoni of reciprocity. Uut as Kngland producen almoHt no charcobl iron, and there are ho nilkuv [>urpoHeH tor which tliiM iron 'm Huporior to that made with cnku, ■— 8ueh aH for the tirat qualitioH of iron wire tor HUHptuiHion-bridgeii, tur the driving-wheolH of kKHimotivo-engineH, for lin-phite, gun-barrelii and iron ordnance,* — it Hoonifl to mo that the mother country muNt (iroflent the bent market for Nova Hcotia Iron. Thin (|ue8tion can be . readily detcrminoil by thoHo who h|»vo better meauH of information than I havov y^ JOHN L. HA^p. P%S. ■ Since writing tho above, I have convorHetl, in relation to thti Nictau Ore, with Mr. Alger, at present the largcRt iron founder in Now England, Mr. Alger erected the furnace at Mooho Uivor, in which largo quantities of the Nictau Ore were Hmolted. He had thoroughly examined the ore bed at Nictau, and believeM that the 8upplv of oro *iH iiioxhuuHtibIc, He informed mo that he had caused the pig mode from the Nictau ore, to bo rcfinc>d, and that the iron wait of a tbperior (luality. He confirmed tho statements which I have made that the N ic^au ore was worked iii the furnace with more facility * The followiiiff atHtcinentx illiutratinir the «u|ieri<>rity of charooat Iroii for tto iNtrpoK*-' ^IwVe mentioiHNl may not lie nnhifa-rciitliiR. It appean by ntntUtic* roitortetl in an aiilcta in fM *< AaxALM DM Mixw," vol. iv., 1th ScrluH, tliitt while Ureat Britain ex|>orti for cnniumptlon on theGontinent larfte quantites of, irtHi wire of the cummon HorU, theflriit qiialltlea, lellinR at touch higher prtoci, are fUritlHhed by the Vreiiuh charcoal foinge*. A commisdion appointeil bV'. the Sanltnlan (Kivemment In 1842 to report u|ion the fkbrk^on of iron wire, partienburiy wilB rcferenoe to the cuMtructlon of auapentiua brUKc*, state that the flnt qoalltie* of iron «ti«. made in Tranoe, Ucrmany, or Sardinia, are mamilhctured from charcoal pig«lron. All the Run^teirrele oon*tmcte«l at the armoriet of the Vnited State* are iii«l« of charcoal iron. Tbe flalUburjr charcoal pig la uolil for niaklDic bar-iroii for guiMbwrreia and wheels for ioownotln engines, at from U to/M ddllars a ton in the castbig house. Tlie Greenwood charooal iron ii •old fbr oastlnir cannon at the West I'oint Vuuiidry for 3S dollars * too, while Soot«h foondry Iron brings only tnm 'JO to 23 dollars. •1- I ! lhiu» iiuy oUmr or« wlm^h ,:oul.l Im) Iuui.J. T.. r..p«'nt lib rctiark, u No or« couia work i....r« UmutiWI.V." I »nv« uU«. AniuriciUi nrMticnl tf««.loglHtH, mid who hun hii.l iii.H.t ..xtoiwivo oxpcriUKu. Il.i L thoroughly cx«iuiiH»l the Nu-tuu On-. «nd lu> lull) ««»««« with ii» „ to th« iminiiiHii «upi»lyof o»coll«iit oiv, H.»d th« gruut udv«nt«{r«H ol of the locality lor mukiiig Iron. . ^ J, J#. ii* _ Mr. lIay?fP8tiinatfH the ux j mumw o f umki ug yig ii«>u at N '«ta»« it Uiirtwu dollurH pr ton. Mr. HaW OHtiraate m coiwiacii-U »»y coiU|K't«'iit ftutliuntic* to be too high. Mr. Mu«hot sayH i— • . "TheexpenscHof HiiicltiiigthiH ore u re >-«rtyiinch ovor-nito.!, un.l the probable iimko of iron in ovti. i.x.re undtfplt..a. - of mfl^nrtfc and non-magnetic laminjB. Tho MMV of the former gives fi7| per cent, of iron, and the latter 54 per oentf J but as tho proportion of the magnetic part to that which w inert is mare than a ratio of equality, theper-centage of thcbulk will be higher than the mean of the above yield, I think about 62 per cent. For iron-making tlu8 ore is \mrivalled." ^^.^. '-.^ of others W^ protoxide, a " phosphate of seventy per cc Afterwords it is curiously cbmpo :i;^bK2iiu^^^kL,i^. ,k..^^?^ th Atfnin «iuttlity, liut f# .r any niitit, will priKlArA Mt««r of oXMllflnt lui lul (ioNcriiitioiw nf wrought*iron, it poii< |uti||ty. It Rhould b« HiiiolttKl In th« blut- nny (ntlAiiiMtioii nroviouMJy, mid without tho addition ^|)t i» Hpull quantity uf piiru liincstoiio, about llvo p«r t^^iit^ oftlu! Hci^'lU'«f#he tiro, intrmludHl." " Tho hoij'orii iri iioitrly an reducible um tho HhclUora ; it affords 47^ "^fk^r c-<*iit. ot' iron, but roqtiirtH a larger udditiun of limn to rovivo th« nii'tal in the sliaito ofgroy iiuii. TIiIh Ih a vory groat yield for a bog* ore. f haritly Know wh«»ro to place a limit to tha quantity of iron which a wtflUappointixl bltiHt^tui-uacfl would turnout wuokly. ifburdoo- < (1 with cither of thor iron per wc iitttod with flulphiin I nhould oInMH it an n hydratod oxido of iron, bf tho variety called' pitchy hydrate,' a mineral not mot with hitherto in more than one or two loealitioi*," "^'Of tho other orex from thitt DiMrict, fttur vai-iotievarooxooediugly rich, and eminently miitcd for Hteel." tho flux eon- (Dtt. PvMivAL** Rvpr« ifl there of a darkw rod, and Iosb soft, than before, and ib jncludcd r* harfir «JJniHh slate. About a mile farther we«t, the bed may £tmSaSn8iderablo distaneo on the Burface. ofabowt, the same SdtT ArouKh a wood } and'still farther west is an old working, m two !«2ieS in tho same range, together, of at Ica.t eqy-1 width, a. XSStSn^ tC orl and vfck in these fatter local. t.ea arc- Sr to Ae same at WhceloekV and Bunks's. On the north side o STrtdJe next south, satisfactory indications arc observed of a snndar. W of&ulrAS^ly of ncarlyeaual width, kU here anuxeh h«der nearly black, magnectic ore; ami, in part, with only n.dist«.ct trt^sofsSs, though tn other part« the shells are rery distinrt. El directed with a hard dark-brown cluy slate w argdhte. In &"rrth1f?A. Wheclock's,fragmentB are JV3<^y „^-fj>*i;; harder darker red ore, than that m tSe P"f r\^l^ni,"the!r^ o f Xch few or no tracoa of shells are observed; W stdl, like theorc ol TlK^tinlal bed, a peroxide. The fre(iuency of the fragments, and uSe SS aSaiity of theorcseem to indicate another parallel bed-. b«dsin1*esate Jr beds of deposit, which is also indicated by the " SCwtchelrirtlo their eom^^^^^ but they have been thrown up from t^ir original horizontal to a nearly, <>^q"^*\yf ^^ Pf,S pfflybytho^cUon ofthe hornblende rocks which ^^^ Cr ^It is thus necessary to work them in the ^'^^^^^^J^ but the situation of the western and more important part of the nLipal ^ on high ground, falling off: abruptly on Uie^we^- Ke Ni^u, enabL you to drive a level at a very eonsiderab e SepACahnost 300 feet I), by which it may be worked and drained to . muck advantage. Thenorthembedof red ore would possess a simdar Xmtage. & bed of maguectic ore, where observed, is on a lower levXS i«x its continuation farther east, passes through ground much Sdevat^. I may here give a conjecture as to the original forma- •Srof such beds of shell orl. They may have been form^ in ^^e Som of a marsh or lagoon, favourable to the breeding of sheUs, and ^toThl there was alS^nveyed a deposit (^ferruginous matter in a maraer similar to the formation ofdeposits o|f^_bog-ore in our present mw^C There might have been suc^ive p^iods of such lacusteme rSti, SSSf by intervals, in which a |fferent ^«^t»^ eSed. aid thus the different beds might hafe J)een formed. The cJivSrio^of the shells into iton is similar to their conversion mto SS matter, so eomipon, but something of the ongmal calcareous mitterremMns; at leasJW the less altered or^of the Hincipa^^ li % ;' % ■' ' ■■ ■'■' :■'--■ :..■ ; -.- ■."V" „r- ■•■■■ ■■■»," :"'■■■;■■/-'' A-.; ....; ■-^.■.- I- :■ 1 *" . .. . \ . "." ■ ', "'■'■'- ■■ ■'" - . ,'■' ^- ■ ■ ■'■ m ■ '^ 18 included fie bed may it the samcf king, in two III width, uf ocalities arc lorth side of of 11 Minilur. icre u much ily indistinct ury distinct, irgillite. In ly found of u jt noticed, in ifcetheorcof * iguients, and" purajlel bed-, 1 CQiifonnabld icated by the I been thrown tieal p^ition, have altered er of a "^ein ; part of the on tIie*weHt'- conuiderable nd drained to ssees a Himilar , is on a lower I ground much )riginal forma- bnned in the ; of diells, and lous matter^ in inour preeent such lacustrine state of things formed. The conversion into inal calcareous principal bedt .■:■■■,. "21 ;■...■ ■ -. >:•■.> and will wcrvd as a flux to facilitate its reduction. It is satisBiotorily ascertained that the principal bed may be traced from Little River nearly or quite to the Nictau (five miles), with an average width of six to eight feet. The amount of ore in this extent, even when worked to a very moderate depth, is practically inexhaustible. Besides this, there is undoubtedly a parallel bcti at the locality of magnetic ore, and of nearly equal width. The fragments of harder red ore, found north of the principal bed, indicate a distinct bed in that direction. It is thus, I think, evident that the supply of ore at Victoria must be very great, and, I may add, for a long period very easily acoessiblis. The quality of the ores has been sufficiently tested. My opinion of the value of this property is thus similar to that of the value ^ of the Acadian deposits. Among the observations which I made in the vicinity, the following may be useful :-^Tho hornblende range, on the summit of the south ridge, is bordered by a baiid of, white quartz rock, which may be valuable as a firestone. A similar bed of grey quarta rock occurs, interposed in the liorth hornblende range at the Little Falls, wKich may answer a simii^^Vpurpose. Near it is a bed of light grey altered clay slate, which, if pulverized, rafty- answer the purposes of a fire clay. Thesse may perhaps supply jr0U with the necesaary refractory materials for your iron works." (Signed) ' J. G. PERCIVAL, . "^ New Haven, Conn. (Report of Mr. niANcnABD, of New Jersey, Uiilteii States.) "Agreeably to your request, I have visited your mineral property in the county of Amiapolip, and spent several days in expbring the Victoria Mines. Gonmicncing at the Nictau River, I ascended the hill on the east side of the river to the height of seveial hundrM feet, and there found the vein exposed at the place which was worked many years ago. There appear to be two parallel veins at this place, each about six feet wide, and I discovered evidences of the existence of several others. I confined my first explorations to the prmeipal vein which has been uncovered at various places up to the Little River, an extent of five miles or thereabouts. At this latter place the vein Ls exposed in the bank to the depth of forty feet, and the facilities for mining are very great ; indeed I have i^ver seen any locality where ore was so abundant or so easily procured. For many years the ex- pense of mining will not exceed half a dollar per ton. - "I was much struck with the great variety of ores in tUia district: .'* ««? .A'"- » ::K- -"■;■.■.■.■■:/.■■•■.•/■ :'■. - • n -:''':■ beaidea the *A«/;-oro, which exists in cnomous quantity, thcroaro several kinds of muffliotio ores of gro|| purilgr and which have ^^^^^^^ proved to yield steel of excellent quaffiy. With reflpeot to fuel, an abundant supply can be obtained at a very cheap rate from the eur- Toundinir forSts. In the immediate neighbourhood the whole country is covered with splendid forests of hard-Wood, and trom my exr)enenco at these mine.s I could undertake to furnish any q"»nt^Jy.of charcoal at a rate not exceeding four dollars per JOO bushels. Bu.lding-stone lime, brick-clay, and timber, are to Ik) found in groat plenty close at hand. Labouring men, oxen» and horses, arc abundant and cheap, and the facilities for transport are very great. ^ _ — '^The Nictau, or Victoria River aflbrds' the finest water privileges in the province. At one place, near the great vein of ore, I observcjl an excellent situation for blast-furmicee, and at another place there is every requisite for rolling mills, forges, nail factories, and exj^ry branch of iron and steel maniffacture. Altogether, I led bound t^ say. that I have never seen a locality combining so raaiiy^and so great advantages and faciliticB for a great iron establishment. In estima ing the value of such a property as you possess at Victoria, it should be borne in mind that it is cAarcoai-iron, made from exceedingly _puro ores, that you will produce. And I believe such iron can be produced here to almost any extent, at fifty per cent, cheaper than any other country I am acquainted with. „ . n '.- « I believe that capital judiciously invested here will yield extni- ordinary returns, and in estimating the value of a property of such great capabilities, I cannot begin to think of a less sura than one million of dollars. / br G, G. PalmkrVwIio has been for many years the manag- ing partner of extensive Iron -works in the United States, writes asfoUows:-^ j / , It rives me pleasure to hear that you have succeeded so we^l at Iiondonderry, and are making satisfactory progress at Nictau. *rom the examination I inade of these places some few years since, m your company, I came to the conclusion that they possess all the elements jbr^ilung Charcoal Iron cheaper than any other place I have met withTMid of the quality of the Iron there needs no sunmso, since yoor own experiments have so fully proved its superiority." The following is" of a later date : — ( thoro aro have been fuel, ail n the eur- le country i;x[)crienco >f charcoal ling*8tQiie, ty close at xiid cheap, privileges 1 qbservcil ice there is and every [ bound to ad so great estimating ; should be ingly puro le produced any other ield extra- •ty of such t than Olio he manag- .tes, writes so well at au. From CO, in your ic elements \ have met inisQ, since ^ _ 28 ^ •♦PAt?arfrfpAia, Sept. aSth, 1854. a. 9. AnciiiDALD, Esq., Dear Sir,— In reply to your favor asking my opinion of the' lo- calities which you have sqqured in Nova Scotia and NeMi^^rnnswiok, ■ for the manufacture of Iron, I may remark that when I visited the Nictau or Victoria Mines in 1850, 1 was forcibly impressed with the advantages this locality possessed in having all ^e elentents for manu* facturirig Charcoal Iron at a very cheap rate. Thcse^MCs I found were in a beautiful country bordering on the V'alley.aHb'" Annapolis River, and about fifteen miles above the head of ^^i^Pwi, and in the immediate vicinity of great water power, and !aii^5|yi*ititie» of the finest timber for making ^0^ i%i#i|iiiiy vein of ore then opened which I saw, was the fossilUfcr- 0U8 or shell ore, which was over six feet in thickness, and could be seen at several distinct places, embracing altogether a distance of five miles ; evidently lying in regular position between the stratified rocks. I also saw specimens of a rich magnetic ore, from the same section of country, but did not see the vein. I was, however, perfectly satisfied that there Was an abundant sup- ply of ore, of a very supeiiof quality, and which could certHiinly be mined very cheaply. I'should say that even at the present high pHce of labour, Ac.,, iron could be manufactured at this place and put on board vessels at the shipping port at $14.00 per ton, including interest on Capital invested, and all other charges. The cost of nianufactiiring iron at Londonderry, I should think would somewhat exceed that at Nietau, though not very materially. If the Railroad whi(th is now being constructed from Halifax to Annapolis was completM, or even 30 miles of the western end, it would afford ybu a ready and quick transit of yo\ir iron from Niotau, and with this avenfle t(f the shipping port open, there would probably bo a large business established in exporting the rich magpetio ore. which recent explorations have proven to be so abundant in that sec- tion of the country. I have here given j'Gu my views in a general way, without entering into any minute ciilculations and figures ^"8P«j"^'°" "^V for \vheel8 and wheel fS^luh^ bridges, for axles ^^ J^^t ^g an ind^^^^^^^^ f^^'* timea the price of the latter. _ . ^ ^^^^ to all principal railway -^t ifl an object of the deepest imporiaiic , , » ■ ^ ,„ore per- J -....-W^" '**"'""*'' upply of rcoal iron » (jsHciitJal d Sweden, f kindfl of ■ inanufac- eof cxcel- 8 would iu ty, as eOin- her station science ,can of Swedish kOtaess^B not e a (|W»ii*y lo meet and tiMafacturing it paid for a illy excellent 08t, what an f energies of mon iron at jrdnance and in plate, wire 8 for bridges, Esls and wheel liflputaWe fact without wear- 8 of coke iron il even at four ncipal railway in a more per- »8cdtoaheavy 25 .■■y-. ,hc iliSt, mi Protor in the Koyal InBtit«t.o« : , ^^ « n..„s,i,_I have hull 12 dicBinaae from rt'oP'"""*'^! vou sent 1110— » ot wniiii nn\« "" j j„„„„( Jrial-but when an opportunity f „''>"« ™^,"£e „pp,,„r8 IHtlc ^v an the Mint s not at prewnljit work, ana tneri, ap, TiJAlity of i.« being ^ '"I ^"Yrlea^rnt of o«di^for^r WM. TIIOS. BRAXPK. (M). AnciuMAU), KsQ. Royal Mint was ms^direHfrom the ore. ... X).^ ^^;$^""1S.*^- 7th Feby. 1850, we cast 4 bars 5 feet4o..g 1 .K- \# "" — '7- -(P-K- ...... RobcriB, FothcrgiU & Co. On the 8th we put them into our tcpiin^ machine 4 foot inchcH botwixt rapport*, suspondod weights from the niiAlIt, and found that one bur carried 049 lbs. Wroko with B56 lbs ' f Yours most regpccttully, with 050 lbs. WAI/TEU MAUON ■:■■,■■ ■;.■■..: ^■'' ■ :,.•..-.. ., This proves* tho strength of the iron to exceed bv far any- results obtained by Mr. Fuirbairn and Mr. Eaton Hodgkinson, ni their exiKjriments undertaken at the instance of Government to test the relative strength of a great variety of irons. ■ ^fessrs. Salt & Co. the well known Surgical Instrument Ma- kers, of Birmingham, write :— 5 .., •* Our Foreman .ays the .teelwork. admirably, and we or. of opinion thai' it la of very auperior quality, from the fihlah and polish of the m.trurnenta. Messrs. llodgers and Sohs, of Sheffield, Cutlers to Her Ma- jesl^, say, '• We have no^i- tried your Steel for a great variety ofpurposca, and find it uniformly good."' ,H, v^ Mesars. Hutchinson, Wilkinson, Mai-slies & Shepherd, New- -bould, Mechi, Butcher, t»arker, Jackson, Stewart and feinith^ and many other manufacturers at Sheffield ;^and elsewhere, con- cur in givhrg to tl>e Acadian Steel iM highest character. Larscquantities of Cutlery and spkimcns of various articles manufactured from Nova Scotia. Iron land Steel, were-^e^^lubited at the eS-eat Industrial Exhibition ol,^ 1851, and were highly re- commended by the^jury in their repiirt. ^ first class Medal, in addition to several Exhibitors' meaals, was awarded to Mr. Archibald on that occasion. , ^ From Messrs. W. Hunt j& Sons, Birmmg^nf >- you Bcnt ucV and JSnd the Steel '•^ ^■'V- ■■:■;• «' Weare -Misfied that the iron of yo.ir make i* decyJ^lly belter for the pur- po.es ofSt^eel than either Cooper', or the Adirondac. We have not been .We "o make any extensive experiment, on the iron, but our Hm opmion i. fully established that there is sometbiog valuable in the Iron. v •• We have converted the two roi?nd equal to that made from the Swedish Marks, W. Jcssop & Sons, Sheffield :— "^Messrs. Turton & Sons, of Sheffield, who have used consider- able quantities of the Acadian iron for steel purposes, and almost linftvoumblo opinion cxpiesscd. Mr. E. F. Mu»l.ct, tho Man»go.- of tl.c Forest of Dc»n S?.«V Works writes : Lkford, 6//1 DcamUr, 18j'i: . 1 ll««for .meu4tobew«.ihi:i4 pet lo.;, then Assuming il>o W8'> "*"'"' ..kIt *firpricef«r other qual.ue.w»uW be. 1 , ^,^/ Bars for common BUtler bicel .\ • ' . £18 • Do. for Double Shear ' • 'l ' ■' . X.'iO olhei^ Bieel in excelle, jces but ihere «J« «'"/ \ ^\^^^ ,„ade direct Irom SweSiBh is supotior. NeJiher »f ^'\f "; "> "'^ alj every excellence, which . fhe Abaiian 6re. whi^h J-'f" '^'^.^ „:»„,. ch Sl'a. the work adm^H Cast Steel can posses:^. We are making as ^^^ ^ ^^^ ^^ ^^g^^ of our producinp, about^4 tons weekly, >" 'g^^'^^,,, /^ade of ^.urope ; but We are in a fair way of monopo wng 7«„n.iiaer before we could supply ji^isiarcely add th«t 'he work^ust geU.??e be^^ , Sa monopoly . I am ^"'h ^^^^ .''^^ e^^^^^^^ boat. Sheffield would o« • and the Acadian M»ning CoJ, ^P»"r5„"' V ' five years' time. England, and seS a Bar of Steel on ^H^^X*", '„ '^i' i an extract from a letter America., we have not IrieK P« j*^'??o„r steel, temperedl^^.r m^ - received on Saturday, from the ^""''n*;^ ; y^^„ ^^y t^o of Turtons, pS. does moro-wotk^wiUVQUtJe-setnng, than^^ ,vhich have been Sandersons, and others, "phe ''f ' ^'^V.mr m^ A certificate is m Sr«8rf»rward. Xo ^ ^''•"Jtd bXre a Var'e assen.blage, day beforo "™ Jrarion-: for these facli., proved belore a ^^1-*' , ,„,jy succeeded ?SS;Wdiesfe-^^^^^^ and quality. / 1 am, Pear Sir, Yours truly, ...\ : ,. ■ I : ^ :}■:] : ■•-■. ;■' ■ R. F. MUSHET. Toc/lX ArchLd;Esq.P.B.S;;i^n8on.^^^^^^^^^^ :^^^^^^^^^^ : , ^ \ Pronrthe same : "If you refer to mv letter you will mc that I only iifiirad £18 |ier ton as a price wliich would suit ua. I by no means meant that the bars are actually worth no more, for 1 oonsider them equal to Danemura at £35 per ton ftir cast steel ; but you cannot get people to believe this at first and they will not give at once a high price." Coleffyrd, ^th July, 1854. Dkau Siu, — As I have, from firHt to luHt, iiiaiiufucturiKl Homo hun. drod tons of Ca«t»StooI from Aottdinn Bur {roii, Pig iron, and ttomo of the Iron Ore, t am able to Mpeak decidedly an to ijH mcrit». The Stool has invariably been prommuced /«/ ro/^ and tlio Acadiaii Iron is for thi« |mrpoHc r|iutoor|ual to the best inarkH of Swwlish Iron. For Shear Htecl the Atadian Iron in not equal to the Swediiih ; but thin in only in conse(|ueiicc of in8ufl|eient care- having been b'oHtowcMl upon tht? manipulations of the Bar^Iron department. A Kttlc cart? Mid cxponenco will remedy all this. I am" ghid to hear that your prospects are bo promising for the fqtufe in America; audL I hincorely wish you all the succcsh you ' could desire. *" i urn, dear sir, yours truly, ,, ,, . i R.I;.MUSHKT. ( .1). ArcliibaliJ, Es(|.j London. ,„ , . .^ . '' Paris, 'Mst Jamtary, l^hb. To 0. D. AReiiiBALD K« .^nfliciont proof of the " Indiiitriel " nnik of tho writer. He my» i— » Wo have cuiploywi your stcol for cohl chiKclH, Turnur'rt tooM, Screw TupH und plancM. The tools u re very ilurublc, and replace wUh wiperiority the lutHt steel *o ever received from ^J»i'>« ««««^«iff "^,f i^P.^Jw^^ !;nly Muality used in our workshops. FRANOOIH PAUWhhS. ' Molcnbcck, St. Jean Leg. Bru^olls, 0th Jiiiip, 18o2. Now any of your friendaiafty- write to Mr. MarcelHs, and Mr. Pauwola, and they will find that I have~cO»iinucd to supply them up to this day ; they have had above 40 tons in the last year One circura- ritance I ought to Mention respecting Mr. Marcelli^. He had the No. I steel made from your ore. ^ince that period we sent another mark, your ore being all used, and Mr. Mushet could not obtauia treshsup- \ plv. . SuchwSs tho Wcjudice of the workmen in favor of No. 1 that we \were positively obliged to take back some really good steel and send them other steel ma?ked JVo. 1 made as nearly as possible to resemble ■ the real No. 1 ; Imt ^Ir. Mushet was obliged to make use of expensive Swediah iron to arriv^ at anything like the quality. Ima;5r mention a curious experiment iimdc with a pistolbarrel made with >.o. 1 at^cl. . The barrel was sent for proof to the Liege Proof House, and_Mr. Ohampionmont, the PrOof House master, gave me a certificate of the extraordinary result of \the proof. The barrel was or the ordinary thickness of a duelling piWl barrel. We desired Mr. Ohampionmojt r-Wprove the barrel "a l\utraruxr to extremity, if I faj^f *»»« . term. After coptinuall^ charging and adding ball to ball, and piwder to powder, we finisU by half-filling tho barrel with powder. Md then ramming down 9 bi^lls, which were so tightly rammed that when discharged they adl^ered one to the other. Mr. GhampionmoRt iigned a ccrtScate that after this proof the barrel was "intact un- injurcdi * j> / (K^ I Imvo given y I, itiUi-cnm), think it iinnoowMry to rcpt'iU thuiu in thi.f lung lettor, hmiI luivu thu |inii()r to Hul»Hcri(>o inymilf, Ui*ur Hit, ^'Our«4 fuithtully, } JQIIN HOX. It is well worthy "f iK»te tlmt severftl hiimln'd Minio riHes unil pirttolrt uiuiiufiic'turcil tVoni Atudiuu yteel in Uolgiuni, are lu usmi bct'uro f:*cbn8tO|»ol. Acadian Inm Mining Asaoviationt 5 Aldflrmuo'i Walk, lioudun. 1 5lh February, 1866. C. D. AlciilRALO, K«1., London. „ <* Mv Dba« Sir,— In reply lo your npplication for I lie particulars of lit* Acadian and Nictau Work* nnd the lowest price that wilt Iw accrpied for the ' name. I beg lo itay that the price.of the two Works, Leait«*, Plant, &c. U Forty tiioutand ppundu, ttterling (£40,000) and th« particular*, a« fwraa thave the inoana of aHcertniningt are ait followH : :...i Tub Acadian Wobks romint of a OU^t Furnace 80 fact high and 10 f(!tt ' diameter at the Boihei, and ia. capable of producing about 80 ton* of Iron per vreek, Pipe* and Heatern, Toola and ImplenientN, Blowing Engine, Air reviver and other connectiona, Dam «nd Floom carrying water to the macliineryi Water Wheel 16 ft. by 5 ft. fl in. Large houMc for flocking Coal and Ore ftheda connected therewith, and large bouie for aioring Wood, &c. connected with coal houae. ' The for^e conaiatfl of 6 Catalan Fires with Blowing Apparatua and pipe* complete. Water Wheel for do. 14 ft. by & ft. Two Puddling Furnacea and Btacka. TwO lilt hammers and one helve hammer, carriages, anvils and gear- ing. Water Wheel for same, 12 ft. by 7 ft, tools, &c. Large building for Forge with houaes for coal and ore adjoining. There is alao a (rain of Rolla with gearing, housings, &c, but it is not at present in a workable condition) House for Mi|l. Crushing Rolls for Ore and set of Stampera. ' Kilns for making charcoaK Cupola and pipes fur Foundry, with tools and appliances. Bmiiha Hearths, Anvils, Bellows ; Miners', Puddjers' and Bloomers' Toolsi Blocks, Tackle, Chains, &c. Scotch Pig Iron and Bar Iron in Stock. A set of Boring rodx, 40 pins with chisels and wrenches. Turning Lathe wiih appliancea. Vertical Boring Machine. Double and single power Crabs, Stoves for thawing Water wheels. Carta, Barrows, Ploughs, and Implementa. Weighbridge and weigh- ingmachinr. Thereare 20,000 fire-bricks in Stock. Thereis a large residence for. the manager and eight workmen's houses giving sufficient accommodation ibr the persons in the employ of the Association. Barns, S/lores, Office, &c. All the necessary roada and bridge* are complete, and the worka are now in •ctiTO operation. . ' The Nictau Works consist of a Blast Furnace 80 feet high land 10 feet diameter at the boshes. It^s capable of. producing 40 to 60 tone of Iron per weeki Heating Furnace, Pities and connections. Cast House, &c.. Blowing En|ine. WUcr Wheel, Air Chests and Blast Tube. House fj»r Engine, Tools, ■•irV (Hi of ill* fW|r**'V*'^ ^ L ni.ln.ll ili« Ule*l imnrov«ineni» in Mill Machinery. %T*Ftr.U'"l'rNic^^u W-IV^ for wn.U .nd .h. Ma„a,.r 1«i to B ow h in "boul . forlnUhl 6r .hr- week, from Ih. ,.r,..«l nme. ''""" • I,e„„in, my dear Hlr. your, very Iruly, . ' ED^V M. SWEETtANfr-^ The accompanying Act or»Incor,,omtion of TilK ArAPLAN IliovaiMlSTKKlMNfMl'ANY cvmccs 8uch ahhcval Hpint on UiO part of the Le^isUturo and Government of the rt-ov^nco, as can- not fail to facilitate this important enterprise ; and it is hopcil that the prccodinjr report.s and Hbitcmonts wil Uufficetoconvincv the pcopfe of Nova Scotia that a compahy which has for object the Scvelopement of these great mineral resources is every way deseryinj; ofencouraKcmcnt and supiwrt. v . -t.. * i «„ "There is no mineral so abundant and bo widely distributed on the face of the globe as the ore of iron: and vet there is noth. ing in nature so rare as those richer varieties which contain, what the French call t\xG propension acieuse oi- steely proiwi^sity, without which the higher (jualitics of steel cannot be produced. Many of the ores in U.c d/strict above described may indeed be called ore^ bfstcd: for they may at once l>o fused and conveil- r fuel in the mout eHMMitiul condition : nniM>iis nioMt fortunately that the native forentM Mtill exint in the ltei;^hl)OuriK)od of the mineral fiehln. The Ix'giMlaturo huH mlreoily HJUietioned the r()t4ervation of exten»ive traeta of the 4lUi^rrunte no doubt that it will eventually be extensively used in the manufacture of iron ; but it is the fortunate cpmbi- imtion of rich primary ores with abundant forest resourcct), that will give a prc-cniincnco to tho proilnco of our mines. Another great element of success consists in the great advan- tages and iaoiliticu for transportation. The lines of railroad projected in NoVa Scotiii, have been surveyetl to traverse ,Jtho mineral fields ; but without thcfio tho mines and works are very conveniently situated wjthhi a few miles of ship navigation on the Bay of Fundy. Tho present establishments consist of tw'o Blast Fumaceti, witU Catalan Forges, Dwelling Houses, Coal Houses, Stores and other necessary building^^. There are also Heating Furnaces and a powerful Kolling Mill, with ^tcam Engine ready jo bty orccteu, so it will be perceiy^that the Company is in a position , at 4>ncp to commence i^prtWUctivo operations. It is intended gradually to enlarge the existing works as occasion may rc, ■ ;♦■,. .'■ anmlc ' that .... . . ^ Sti'o,Hi-liy lacuiiH of »c.i vm\ anil cvkc, Iron will bo lu^JjiU- f„etrjouuL;,«Hcale!urullthco,^nmry par,K,HC. and ij*.^ of North Atncricu. . , which rouu re least iuvi.ital un.Ukill, will Ik, introduccH : for example, Trtwlo with the inJ,0H« and HiicceHH of the Cu.nnany, "Uiy lie mK'Tin IMa^^ Ivo^, Wire Prawingand Edge Win, and erc^tX Furni^Mat piace/in the UniU-d Btaten, whc-re pur^. "S:^ clZ i« che^'^^t. The Nova S;^<>ti;^. KnCM Calliiifi, Mather B. Almou, William A, Henry, Juiiutlinii McCuUy, Jaqics McNab, Edwavd Koiiny, William A. Black, jQhn K. Fairbanks*, and Alexander Keith, Benjamin Wicr, and John £s8on of Halifax, in this Province ; Kchvard B. Chandler, John Bobortson, AViUiam J. Ritchie, Robert Jardine, and George Botsfbrd, of th(j Province of New Brunswick ; Francis HinckB> John B088, George Etieimc Oartior, James B. Forsyth, A. T. Gait, William Beverly Robinson and Samuel Zimmerman, of the United Province of Canada; or such of them and all other person and persons who shall from time to time be and become shareholders in the Company, their sueocKsors and assigns, shall be and they are hereby created a body politic, and corporate in deed and in name, under the style and title of " The AcAfliAN Irox and Steel Company." and by that name, tihall have succe^ioji) and a common seal, and may sue and be sued, and purchase, acquire, hold, possess, and enjoy, mines, quarries, lands, tenements, and hereditaments, vessels,' craf^, goods, chattels, and things in action, and may let, sell, assign, mortgage, convey, and dispose of the same, or any part thereof; and may explore, open, and work, any mines, veins or deposits of iron, or other minerals, and reduce, smelt, mami&cturci use aqd exgort the same, and may make, construct, keep in repair, and operate any railwayB, tramways, or plank roads, for the purposes of their operations; and may improve the navigation of rivers,, lakes and harbours, and construot/piers and docks : Itnd may set up and ^rtablish factories and machinery, Mid taa,j en^tge in and prosecute any lawful business or calling within the scope and in furtherancie of the objects contemplated by this Act.-. • ■■ ;. " . .■-■ .■■ . -.■ , /' II. The Capital or Joint Stocif of the Company, shall be ^ one million five hundred thousand dollars, in shares of one hundred dollius ciach, which shall be Hiemed and held to bo- peraonal property, and transmissible and assignable as such. i im ■i: p,.C or ma, *r '"^.^"J'c.n.p.ny : and a. the »id or proceed to or0,m» ""ilToU^t tl« Boart of Dirootors of the eleven Aarehold««,M««^^M«W^^ j^ 185g, ^ after provided . and the ^j^ \ j^,_ Vice-President, Mam- .ub«q«ent«eet,ng,appomtaPre«den^^ rf fto G«n.p.»y. .nd may P""*"'* *f^rDireot«ra may «U vacawie. oocumag to a,. Bo^ •"f,",'^ S tt. Direetora V the Comp«.y A«.»l Gr"' '""„ t Ceive BAaoription. to th. Capitri Siookftooi tm« to »T„'r/2,„ „ ;^enriBe a. they *•« „f.„d».def.»tt ™y^\j^"^^ntto.h« la—f IV No «««« 4.U W diffi.1. f be a IKreetor orft« IV. Ho pe«on »» y^ in hii om tx?it ; of at least ten abates in «^f^*P. , . ^^ ^^te for each ^ every Aareholder shall beentitled to give ;^ \ - V \ \ _■!_:.. m- ^ holder shall transfec in manner a,fore8aid all his shares or stock in the Company^ such shareholder' shajl cease to bo a member •of Corporation. , /^ ' . , • V. The General Annual Afeeting of the shareholders of the Company shall be held at > such place in the city of New York or thcruity ef Boston, or the city of Halifax in this Province' on the first Wednesday of June in each and every year as tfie. Directors' may from time to time ' detramine •and give notice : at which said meeting the Board of Directors f^ thcrpost year shall exhibit a full statement and report of the affiiirs of the Company: and the meeting shall tiieiW npon proceed to isamino and audit the accouiits, elect a Board of Directors for the enauingigrebr ; amend or annul any bye-law and make any new bye law and transact all other necessary bunhess : and special dieetings of the sharehbldors-may^ called by the I)ireotors upon a requisition to that effect signed by any Ipn shareholders, of which meeting and the object thereof at , least twenty days notice, shall be given in some newqxaper pub> •lished in each of such three* cities; and atr all meetings of stook or diareholders each shareholder may vote in person or by proxy, on production df sufficient written authority. hereby pany* J:- VI.. The Directors of &e Company may from time to tim^ purchase or acquire any lands, Ijaines,^ quarrira, tenements, -or hereditaments,' in fee simple^ not to .exeeed the value of •£150,000 in the whole, or by lease, ^rant dr oUienrise, toA iiL payment or part payment therefor, Uie said -Directors we J'. / -.• t I I ^,1, d»nS-4«r**„S -Provided «»t».cl. bond. »"^' " ^ \S ra^J^ than .« p.r ecntun. per Ariloeilw'"^"™^"^ ye,™ to n.n. nor .mount to ;„„„,.. -irHv. more «..nt«|.Vy» , „,. ^ . GoB.p»y fcr "'^ *"',T*JttJ the holder, thereof »o Bond, .toll oont«n . «••"•» ,!"''rf' ^j^, at any time ^thtotea ,ea« ^^f *°^lL th^ holder. of,tl.e »id ^,.fcatit*J« «*^-7^ »»■«•• ••* *' "^'~'°" Bond, to regurter or >**" .fa,,. Company in piymentor ,n.,d« '-«'»"* "•^^r^A^Ty pLto«dorieq-un>d • put piynient for any land, or pr<^5^y P_ vjK »to Corporation. >(^~^'- • *. ip .i>/b»*L»w. of the Company, «id J» ■VIL 'A copy ?^^tt"riai t. dmoated in th. Brtof»h«l«unb«r»ndamounB oiw , j^j^WtboOoB^y-. W^ . • • * ' '■ . ^A. nmwratioD il»U be lirfde i» U. pe,«» or ..I-n*. «ta^^ ^ ^ ., «,. rt«k^ » giwler Mmmit « *» 'f"" "T^ w„ efoit to t«li«>« U,.<>»pa.yftoV^iW9™^#«~^ j^, ^ ^ , --"'^,r-~-'"":;^;¥''4iy? ti«»»«. of properly *» . 'A •V / / I' Khull ciiurc to couvey directly . mid alMolutoly ^to the Com^' imiiy uil the JOHtute, right, title, iiitcroBt, C(iuity« ulaim, property and demand of all and Biugular the parties who may execute the wiino, whether tenants in tee or in tail, mortgagee*, truHtees, leneeep; for lite or years, occupiers, remainders, men or reversion, ors, and in like manner v[herc the estate or title ghall be leRft than freehold; and the Company may from time to time, by such or the like deeds ^ instruments, grant, convey, lease or demise any part or parts of their lands, tenements, and heredita- ments. y '1 f .fJ X. In order to encounigc and tucilitate an enterprise which,, with its ^attendant industries, f» likely to be J>rod^ctivo of great benefits to this Province, there shalj be sot a{)art and appropriated for the uses and' purposes of the Company, so much of the ungrairted wilderncHs hinds jji such localities an may bo indicated oq the part Of the Company, in the vieiuity of their works, as in the opinion of the Governor iu Council, shall be reasonably sufficient for the operations contemplated under this Act, with the option to the Company to purchase the same from tune to time, within twenty-one years firom the passing of this Act, at the price of one shilling and nine pence, sterling, per acre, and in the meantime thlc Company shall beat libtftty to takq and use the buildiifg materials, wood, and timber on such l«ads Joti sued terms and eonditions as the Governor and Council may deem expedient. Provided always that in case wo^ks shall not be erected and in efficient operation within five yeirs after the passing of this Act at- any mine in respect of w|»^ such reservation is made, the Governoi- in Council' may on proof thereof annul such reservation by an order ; and therc- lifter the land reserved in respect of such mine shall be again at the disposal of Ihe Crown in the same ,manaor as if this A«:t had not pat!>ed. , \ ' \ t ^ ,. . - - ; t, ;v..^\;^, ;;. . . ■^-: ■ •■■ • fS. . ■' ' '■ . . ' .'•''■ i ■:,:':- f'-''- ■•:;■'"■:-• -'• ' ■ ''. ■■''' ■■*,■:.;■■■ * ' . . '. ■. •*.■'•'' ' . ' ■ ■ ■ ■ ' '' '■' ' * . . ■ '■ ■-'..'-.' *' ■ .' ' . * ■;^V-' '-'■■■■ ■■■.' ,: ■.■■7; ■ ■•/■ ^ .' ... -'^^ . ■. , , ' ■ ' ■■-.'. ■ ■ ■- . ' ■ \ , . ■ 1' ■ ■ .'■-.•.. » ■ . . - ; '# . t ' - , . * . ' _ - " ..■■■'■■ ■ V' ■ » ■,'■■■■ • ■ ■ •'*■ * ^->/:r}r:\; •..■■.;■;■..:.:■.. \ . - ' \ . . *" '■ .. ■ , ■ ' . . ■ , ' '■ '1 '■-..■' ''• ' .''■'. "■'','''. " ■ * ■. '•■'•-., " .'" ' ' ■'•■' ' ' ■* •■ . 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' '^ ^ ^^^^p ^'i > .r^'^^ ^ ^^^^^^ ' ^^^^^^^^^^^^^ " ' , ^^^^^^^^ * /k • ^ ^^^ ^ - ] - ^- / * ..**. , ^^ * * 1 vtl » • • ■■ * J r • ' * ■* ' * • r * ' * 4 * - 1 • "** ; . ».^a£w.. .. '#«'' t'pfe^B^ ... . w ' * V^Hj' / ,->- •