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Maps, plates, charts, etc., may be filmed at different reduction ratios. Those too large to be entirely Included in one exposure are filmed beginning in the upper left hand corner, left *.o right and top to bottom, as many frames as required. The following diagrams illustrate the method: Les cartes, planches, tableaux, etc., peuvent 6tre film^s d des taux de reduction diffirents. Lorsque le document est trop grand pour dtre reproduit en un seul ciichd, 11 est film6 A partir de I'angle supdrieur gauche, de gauche & droite, et de haut en bas, en prenant le nombre d'Images n6cessaire. Les diagrammes suivants illustrent la mdthode. 1 2 3 1 2 3 4 5 6 * I f'i (J I lit i 'tt^ii ,1 I!/!, .^ h..* fo I- ? 231 • " «.... 1866 248 ■}>.,. t^' I ucreasc in four yeara 17 Average increase per annum 4.25 or 1 .85 per cent. '• ' Mr. Kemp's argument, founded on these tables, is, that while " the two Churches before the Union increased at the average rate of 8-87 per cent, per annum, the C. P. Church increased by only 1 .85." Again he states that " had the C. P. Church after the Union increased at the same rate as the two Churches before the Union, wc should have had 80 additional ministers instead of 17." This mode of dealing with statistics may bo tested by Bpplying it to the popu- lation of Upper Canada. : ,.^«- i w 'uti miifMii'^iim^ -.n^", HIMIM III ll«WI I MMHpiMIWfi^Pi •MMwati^lMlll 3 The following tables are taken from the Census Returns for 1851-'63 and 1861-'62: In 1811 the population of Upper Canada was 77,000 In 1P41 " " " " 466,357 Increase in thirty years 388,357 Average increase per annum 12,945 or 16.81 percent. From 1841 the increase as represented by the decennial returns is as follows : Population in Upper Canada in 1841 465,357 «i II '< 1851 952,004 Increase in ten years 486,647 Average increase per annum 48,664 or 10.46 per cent. Population in Upper Canada in 1851 952,004 u I' •' 1861 1,396,091 Increase in ten years 41 1,087 Average increase per annum 44,408 or 4.66 per cent. Thus, according to Mr. Kemp's mode of reasoning, while the population of Upper Canada increased at the average rate of 16.81 _per cent, per annum, for thirty years, from 1811 to 1841, and at the average rate of'lO.46 per cent, per annum for ten years, from 1841 to 1851, it increased only at the average rate of 4.66 per cent, per annum for the ten years ending in 1861 ; being a difference of 12.15 in favor of the first period, and of 5.80 in favor of the second period, as compared with the increase in the last decennial period. These are " notable facts," prov- ing "a marked arrest" in the progress of the population of Canada West. Yet notwithstanding, Mr. Kemp's reasoning to the contrary, the population has actually increased from 465,357 in 1841, to 1,396,091 in 1861. The same test may be applied to the increase of the ministers in the Church from the beginning of its history, as appears from the following tables : i ^ FREE CHURCH. Ministers on the roll in 1845 33 " " " 1849 60 Increrse in four years 27 Average increase per annum 6.75 or about 20 per cent. Ministers on the roll in 1853 87 " " " 1857 124 Increase in four years 37 Average increase per annum 9.25 or 10 J per cent. Ministers on the roll in 1849. " " " 1853. 60 87 Increase in four years 27 Average increase per annum 6.75 or 11 percent. Ministers on the roll in 1857 124 " " «< 1861 158 Increase in four years 34 Average increase per annum 8.50 or nearly 7 per cent. It must be borne in mind that the years from 1853 to 1857 were years of unusual prosperity in the country, and in which there were an unusually large number of settlements ; yet even this period is no exception to the general rule, that there is a gradual decrease in the percentage for each period of four years, the difiference 1851-'62 and T7,000 465,367 388,357 12,9i5 is as followR 465,357 952,004 486,647 48,664 952,004 ,396,091 444,087 44,408 poi)ulfttion of ler annum, for cnt. per annum ate of 4.66 per Qco of 12.15 in 1, as compared )\o facts," prov- (la West. Yet population has in the Church ables : ears of unusual irge number of rule, that there B, the difference ■^ "> 8 between the first four and the last being 13 per cent. So that according to Mr. Kemp's mode of argument the arrest in the Church's progress took place at a much earlier period than ho assigns to it. Similar results appear when we take the statistics of the U. P. Church, or any other Church in the country. Mr. Kemi) has argued throughout as though ho were warranted to expect, not an arithmetical, but a kind of geometrical progression in the increase of the ministry. Every one acquainted with statistics knows that neither in the population of the country, nor in the membership of con- gregations can progress in such a proportion be expected. It can only talco place in very exceptional circumstances, and cannot bo maintained for any length of time. The argument is therefore a fallacy; it appears to carry conviction, and to settle the question in hand, but a little consideration will show that it is unsound and unfair. Yet it is used by Mr. Kemp throughout the pamphlet, and applied not only to the ministry, but also to the membership and the revenue of the Church. There still, however, remaias the fact, that the increase of the number of ministers for the last four years has only been 17, while there was an actual increase of 55 in the two Churches in the four years from 1855 to 1859. Before seeking for other causes, the statistics themselves should be carefully examined. Mr. Kemp affords no assistance in this inquiry. His statements in reference to the demissions, licenses, receptions, ordinations, translations, &c., are confused, contradictory and incorrect. Of demissions in the two Churches he gives 44 in the period before the Union, and 32 in the C. P. Church since the Union. Of receptions 21 in the former, and 12 in the latter. " Of ordinations, translations and inductions classed under the general head of settlements in all in the two Churches before the Union 116, and in the C. P. after the Union only 98." He also notices the increased mortality since the Union, 15 as against 5 in tlie two Churches in the four years before Union. Even if these statements had been correct, it would have been difficult to draw any accurate conclusions from them. There is obvious confusion caused by ranking translations in the same list witli ordinations and inductions, a translation being simply a removal from one charge to another, causing a vacancy in the charge which the minister leaves to balance the settlement made. The discrepancies in Mr. Kemp's statements ought to have led him to a more careful examination of his figures. The actual facts are these : — There were added to the roll of the Free Church between 1855 and 1359, the names of 59 ministers, of whom 26 were Canadian licentiates, including one who finished his course in Scotland, but was licensed by a Canadian Presby- tery, 33 were received from other Churches ; 22 came from Scotland, 8 from Ireland, and 1 from England, and 2 from other Churches in Canada ; but of these 59, 5. were removed by death and otherwise before 1859, all of whom were received from abroad, leaving 54 names on the roll at that date, which were not there in 1855. In the U. P. Church during the same period the names of 27 ministers were added, of whom 7 were Canadian licentiates, and 20 came from Scotland ; but of these 27, 3 were removed from the roll before 1859, all of whom were from Scotland, leaving 24 ministers on the roll at that date who were not there in 1865. Excluding those who had, been removed before the close of the period, this gives us 78 as the actual number added, of whom 33 were Canadian licentiates, and 45 were received from other Churches. Compare this with Mr. Kemp's figures : he gives 21 as the number received in the two Churches, when in reality, there were 53 receptions, and of these 45 were still on the roll in 1859. The Canadian licentiates ordained during the same period in the two Churches were 33. Thus it will be seen that of the 55 additional names on the rolls of the two Churches in 1859, 45 were received from other Churches. The ordination of Cana- dian licentiates, after making up for deaths, demissions, &c., only added ten to the number of ministers. Taking up the second period we find that 52 names were added to the roll f n from 18(32 to 18ti«, and utill foiind ou it, at tlio last date. Of these 9 wcro ru-eived fioin Scotland, 4 from the United States, 1 from Nova Scotlu, 1 was received froin the Roman Catholic Church, 3 were ministers who formerly held charges in Canada, and were inducted over new congregations, and 34 were t.'anadian licen- tiates who had received their education in whole or in part in this country. To these wo may add 6 who were settled and removed (Inrinij the period, making the whole number of settlements 58. It is unnecessary to point out tlie diflerenco hetweeu these facta ami Mr. Jiem[)',s fignres. It is, howovr-r, important to notice that the proportion which the ministers received from other Churches, and settled between 1855 and 1859, and found ou tne roll at the close of the period (45) bears to the whole ministry at tho beginning of the period (154) is 2a per cent. But the proportion of the same class during the latter period (14) to the wiiolo ministry at the beginning of that period (231) is not quite Gi per cent. Jt is unnecessary to say more than that tho decrease is due to the fact that we have received fewer ministers from other Churches iu the latter period than in the former. Tho reasons for this decrease in the number who came to us from Europe are well known to all who have given the least attention to tho subject. Formerly the U. P. Church of Scotland paid tho passage money and outfit of preachers and ministers coming to this country, besides guaranteeing to each minister $500 per annum for three years. Tlirougli tho liberality of Joseph JfcKay, Esq., of Montreal, a large number of licentiates of the Free C'hurch were brought to this country about the beginning of Mr. Kemp's first period, and un- tisually large accessions were made to that branch of the Church. Again, the Churches in Scotland and Ireland had at that time more preachers than they could find employment for; now their supply, like our own, is inade- quate to their wants. It was evident long before the Union took place that, whether it was eflectod or not, the supply of preachers from tho mother Churches must gnidually decrease, and that tho Church must look more and more to a ministry trained in the coimtry. Mr. Kemp seems to have considered the changes whicli have taken place in llio Clmrch without reference to the actual bearing ot the.se changes upon tho progress or decline of tho Churcli. Thus in reckoning the demissions he seems ro have grouped logolher those who deraitted part of their charges with a view to the settlement of a pew minister, and even those who demilted with a view to translation, witli those who demitted tiieir whole charges without being under call to another congregation. Tho following tables will show tho actual changes that took placo during the two periods. KiR,vr I'KRion. Ministers on the rolls iu 1S.06 154 Added from 1 856 to 1859 8(5 On the rolls in 1859 209 Had there been no removals during this period there would have been 240 on the rolls in 1859, showing that 31 were actually removed, but of these 5 wore by death, leaving 26 as the number removed by demissions and the discipliue of tho Church. 1 SKCO.Vn PERIOD Ministers on the roll m 1S62 . 231 Added from 1862 to 1866 68 On the roll in 1866 248 Here again had there been no removals, there would havo been 289 ministers on llie roll in 1866, the number actually removed being 41, of whom 16 were by death, leaving 26, the Bame as iu the former period as tho number removed by demissions and discipline. But the number in the last period in greatly loss m proportion to tho whole number of tho ministcra. Toro r uoived eceived from (1 cbargca in nadian liccn- country. To riod, Tuivkint; aotM and Mi. ortion which 5 and 1859, lolo ministry ortion of the i(! ht'BJnning fact that wo liod than in to us from tho subject, and outfit of seinp to each ty of Joseph ) Churcli were iriod, and un- orn preachers >wn, is inadt'- ok plnoo that, )ther Churches •e to a ministry ti placo in tho Iho progress or > have grouped settlement of a on, with those r congregation, during the two ...154 80 ,...209 ?en 240 on tlio VQTe by deatli, tho Church. ,,.231 ...58 ...248 9 ministers on vere by death, by demissions 51)ortion ta the \ I 5 There aro other inaccuracies in Mr, Kemp's figures as regards the ministry ; but it is surely enough to have shown on tliis liead that liis reasoning is fallacious, and his computations inaccurate, and that the causes of the decline in tho numbers added to the ministry is to be found simply in tho diminution of tho number of ministers received from the Churches in Britain. Instead of taking two different poricnls, it may bo well to compare tho progress of our Church with that of another Church in Canada, in which no Union has taken jilace, and in which no changes have been made in the mode of conducting miH- Hionary operations. In tho list of ministers connected with the Conference of tho Wosleynn Methodist Church superannuated ministers and preachers are included, ditleriug in thi.s respect from our rolls, but taking that list witli the.so included, wo have the following result: Ministers on tho Ajplinbotieal List, in 1 8(12 604 " " 1800 525 Increase in four years 21 Average anniud increase, 6.25. Or, about ono per cent. We thus find that the Methodist Church has only increased by four more than our own during tho same period — the per-centago, owing to tho larger nnnibor of mini.sters being a good deal less. Mr. Kemp's tables in reference to the membership aro as follows : FREE CHURCH. Members reported in 1855. ...... 1 l,lyl " '• 1869 10,485 Increase in four years 6,294 Averago annual increase . Or. 1 2 per cent. 1,32.') U. p. CHURCH. Members reported in 1855 0,288 '• " 1859 a,29:j Increase in 4 years 3,005 Average annual increase Or, 12 per cent. 751 0. 1>. OHDRCH. Members reported in 1862 80,250 1800 36,469 Increase in 4 years 0,213 Average annual increase Or, 6 per cent. 1,653 For reasons already fully stated the percentage argument is wholly worthless. Again however, there is an actual decrease in the members added in the last period as compared with the first. In the two churches in the first period the increase was 8,299, against 6,213 in the C. P. Church during the last period. But tho statistics on this point, as Mr. Kemp admits, are incomplete. As an illustration of this, we may state that the membership reported in the U. P. Church is actually greater in 1854 than it is in 1855. We must, however, deal with the statistics as we llnd them. In the first period there were 55 added to the number of ministers, and only 17 in the second period. For every minister added during the first period there were nearly 151 adited to the membership; but for every additional minister in the second period there were 365 additional members, a difierence of 214 in favor of the Church since tho Union. There is another way in which the relation of the membership to tho ministry may be brought out. In 1855 there were in the two churches 154 ministers and 17,479 members, which gives 113 members to each minister ; but in 1859 there were 123 members to each minister: and in the C, P. Church in 1862, there were nearly 131 members to oacli minister, and in 186C there wore 147 members to each minister, showinR a gradual increase in the proportion of the members to the ministers, which gives ndifforenceof 34 in favor of 180(5 as compared with 1 865. Yet Mr. Kemp in his own way argues that there has boon a docroaso of 7 per cent, since the Union. IIo has completely overlooked tho fact that thoro is a relation between the number of ministers and tiie number in tho membership of the Church. Since the above was written an able address by the Rev. J. M. King, delivered in Cook's Church, Toronto, has been publislied in the Glahf, and it not only confirms what has been said, but also adds the following important information in reference to immigration, derived from sources to whicii the writer had not access : " There is reason to boliovo that the number of emigrants actually pottling in Canada during tho first period was greater than that during tiio lattor. Here again we must take exception to Mr. Kemp's statistics. According to these, tho nccessioT's to our population from Scotland was, in the four years from 1865 to 185f {i.e., for 1860, '57, '58 and '69), 8,229; and in tho four years from 1801 to 18G5, 12,463. IButhow many of tho emigrants reaching Canada by Quebec (and it is to such only that tho figures refdr) in 1859 coidd have had a place in tho returns of membership which close with the 81st April of that year ? Is tho St. Lawrenco even opon at that period ? If there is to bo any fairness in tho comparison, wo must take tho immigration into Canada from Scotland for tho four years closing Docombor, 1868, and December, 1805, respectively. In tho one period, 12,296 ; iti tlie othor, 12,463. Tho numbers, it will thus be seen, are nearly equal ; but most acquainted with tho state of the Province will admit the probability of there being a larger proportion of them actual settlors in the former period than in the latter. But if we would traco in any satisfactory way tho influence of immigration on tho accessions to tho Church in iheso periods of four years, we must include tho immigration of several years prior to each of the periods. Emigrants going to settle on now land, as so many did in the counties of Huron, Grey and Bruce, between 1852 and 1859, are not generally received into membership the first or second year after entering Canada. It is often, as every one who has had to do with missionary work iu the west, knows, throe and four years before a con- gregation is organized in the locality where he begins to clear his farm and mako a homo for himself and his family. Now, taking tho seven years closing with Dec, 1858, and the seven years closing with December, 1806, wo And that the immigration into Canada from Scotland by the port of Quebec was in the former period (a largo proportion of them actual settlers) 28,963; m tho lattor only 15,337. Putting those considerations together, it is ground alike for suprise and gratitude that tho increase in tho membership of the Church was so large, viz, 0,213.'' Tho following table will show tho progress of the Wesloynn Church, in membership, as compared with that of the C. P. Church, from 1862 to 1860 : Members of tho Wesleyan Church in full communion, 1862 60,341 " " " " 1806 53,934 Increase in four years 8,693 Thus while tho 60,341 members of the Wesleyan Church have increased by 3,593, the 30,256 members of the 0. P. Church have increased by 6,213. Tho "Wesleyan Church has been selected because of its Christian zeal and activity, with a view of showing the unfairness of taking tho two periods which Mr. Kemp has chosen, and comparing tho statistics of the Church during these periods that are indeed of equal length, yet in all other respects most unequal. No church in Canada has made more rapid and steady progress than tho Wesleyan, and yet it, as well as tho 0. P. Church, has felt the effects of the withdrawal of a large portion of the population to the United States, owing to the general depression of tho trado of tho Province. It is a gratifying fact that there was an increase in tho decennial period from 1851 to 1861, in tho membership of both churches, much greater than tLo proportionate increase in the population. mombers to ibors to the 1866. Yet r cent. Riiice ion between rch. delirered ia nly confirms reference to ip; in Canada liu we must ioT!8 to our 'orl85B, '57, itliow many tiio fli^urea 1 close with d? If there into Canada mbor, 1806. ibors, it will ;ho Province nl settlors in sfactory way riods of four the periods. 1 of Huron, membership ivho has had iforo a coti- md mako a K with Dec, immigration riod (a largo 'utting these the increase membership, 60,341 58,934 8,698 ed by 3,593, 10 Wesleyan th a view of chosen, and eed of equal made more ). P. Church, o the United id from 1851 Toportionate In the department of finance Mr. Kemp confines his attention to the Stipend Fund. The tables are as follows : FREE OUUROn. Stipend account, 186B t46,S78 " •' 1869 $«4.867 Increase in four years $18,979 Average annual increase % 4,746 U. p. CHURCH. Stipend account, 1866 . $20,663 1869 181,216 Increase in four years $10,662 Average annual increase $ 2,666 0. p. oiiuRCir. Stipend account, 1862 f 101,609 •' •' 18G0 $129,711 Increase in four years V'^B,! 12 Average animal increase $ 7,028 This is the most glaring instance of Mr. Kemp's carelessness, or rather recltlessncss, iu dealing with Btati9ti<,'s. The Free Church and the C. 1'. Church have sometimes given two columns to the stipend account, and at others only one. In the forme case one column marks the stipend promised, and the other the sMpend actually paid. But when there is only one column for stipend in the statistics, it invariably coutoins the amount actually paid. In 1866 there was only one column, the amount paid ; in 1859 there were two, the (unount promised being larger than the amount paid, and Mr. Kemp, instead of taking the amounts actually puid in both instances, takes in 1859, the larger amount which was promised and not paid. Again in 18(Jii, there is only the one column for the amount paid, but in 1866 thero are two, in li.ia instance the amount paid being greater than the amount piTomiied, and again beta ces the amount promised, il being smaller than the amount actually paid. The diilerence in the tirst instance is $9,289, so that instead of an increase of $18,979, we get only $9,690, as the increase for that period in the Free Church. In the second instance, the difteronce is $4,029, so that the increase in the C. P. for the last four years, instead of being $28,112, is in reality $32,141. Of course Mr. Kemp's reasonings on such figures as he uses are utterly worthless. The actual increase in stipend paid in the two Churches from 1856 to 1859 was $20,372, that of the C. P. Church from 1862 to 1866, $32,141. So that while the increase in ministers during the flr.st period in the two Churches was 55, the increase in stipend paid was only $20,372, or about $368 for each additional minister; the increase in the ministers of the C. P. Church for the last four years was only 17, and the increase in stipend paid was $32,141, or $1,890 for each additional minister. Spreading this increase over the whole Church, in 1859 the whole sum paid for stipend was $86,783, which, divided among the 209 ministers in the two Churches gives an average stipend of $415. The sum paid for stipend in 1866 was $133,740, which sum, divided among the 248 ministers iu the C. P. Church, gives an average stipend of over 1539 for each minister, an increase of $124. Mr. Kemp presents the aver- ages towards the close of his pamphlet with very different results, but over and above the blunder in taking tlie wrong column, his whole mode of dealing with statistics is of such a nature that instead of illustrating and confirming, they only distract and confuse. It is not worth while to take up Mr. Kemp's statements in reference to the average contributions to the stipend fund for each member. Where his figures are so inaccu- rate his results must be worthless. We bring this examination of Mr. Kemp's statistics to a close with an extract from the Report of the Committee on Statistics presented to the Synod in June, 1866. 8 " Til" improved finAncinl nttiin of thu Cliurrli, an iadirKtod by tho Rotiirnii, vaUk for fipij( iiil thankn to tho Fothor of liglit*, from whom cometh down ovury Rooil aud perfect gift." " Tho liberality of tho people having lioen ntiinulatod iiy the great material pronperity of tho country, tho contributions for ri'ligious oltjocts havo boon ho largely increased, that tho grosH aggregate amount, on the face of the Ileturnn, nearly reaches $275,000. There aro oven ample groumlH for concluding that with full lleports from each congregation, the whole amount would exceed $300,000— tlio largest sum ever raised by our Church,— and j)lainly indicating the growth of more generous and liberal feelings, throughout tho bounds of our Zion. The ileturns, when compared and examined, sh«!w an average contribution from each communicant of $7 .50, being the largest ever reached by uh, and jnilting us in this respect, in advance of the (.'hunlies iu this laud or In tlie old country. ' " As might have been expected, tho improved material condition of the bind ho.s more or Ions benefitted tho various Hynodical schemes, liut, whib? not ovcjf- looking ihem, it is gratifying to find that the most import^iut financial branch— th»! Stipend Fund, has been most liberally dealt with, imd exiiil)itrt nn iucrcasc of over $20,000. At tho same timt;, general congregational intcrcKls liiive not been neglected, from tho fact of tho contributions for r'hur(;li purposes shewing an augmentation of more than |10,000. Using round numbcns tlio College Fund presents an iucroaso of about $00., the Homo Jlission of about $:!,00(), the Foreign Mission of more than $700, and the Synodical of about ^10., while tho gros.i con- tributions from all sources exceed those of last year by nearly ;f ,50,000." Sir. Kemp iigaiu and agniu states that the two periods present equid facilities for tlio progroHM (if llie Ciiurch. This only proves his ignorunco of tho stale of mailers iu Upper Canada. The first three years of Mr. Kemp's first period were yours of uuesaniplod prosperity iu the country. Tho first really bad harvest was in lS'o\t, and it was not luitd 18G() that tlio eirects of tlio comraorcial depression were fully felt. Tlio years ISrt'i, 'ti3,-'()'t and '()5 were the very worst years. Hundreds of meclmnlcH were leaving our cities and villages to seek employment in tho United Slates, and it is only within tho last year that there have been signs of returning prosperity, of which \vc havo amplo evidence in the unproved financial condition of the Churcli. It would havo been instructive to havo compared our financial condition with that of tlio Weslcynn Church, but their financial statistics aro so difierently arranged that to any one not intimately acquainted with both systems it is impossible to do it satis- factorily. Tlio writer has been impressed with tlio remarkable liberality of the mem- bers of this Church, especially in the support of their missions. Frobably, in this respect, they occupy a higher position than any other roHgiotia denomination in the land, and their example should excite us to greater zeal. As Mr. Kemp's arguments, designed to prove that the ^Church is iu a state of decay, have been shown to bo unsound, it might seem to bo unneces.sary to follow him into that part of his pamphlet in which he discusses tlio causes of the alleged decay. But the statements themselves aro so contrary U> llie facta of the case and 80 much calculated to do barm, especially beyond tlio limits of tho Church, that it becomes necessary to reply to them also. The first point which demands attention is tho union of tho two Chiirclios. Mr. Kemp speaks of tho union as though it had wrought evil in tho Church, and quotes tho old classical proverb that tho half sometimes exceeds the whole. Ho represents the united Cliiu-ch as " without a past, stript of all generous enthusiasm, having no history, no coutendings, no martyrs, no heroes, no special principles to represent." This will never do. It is the sheerest nonsense. H' tlio Church has no principles to represent, the sooner it ceases to exist the better. Wo havo a history, — our noblest history common to us all, running far back beyond eitlier tho Secession or tho Disrup- tion. The principles embodied in our Scriptural standards are as dear to us as ever. Tho Union itself is a great fact in our history. Many who feared the eflFects of it have Fii'tiirnH, i-aIU n\ every goo;roa.i I'ou- )00." facililiuH for Uio lallorHin Upper of im<;.\aniplod il waM not until 'lio yoarH 186'i, vovo loaviuKour only within tho \vc liavo ample (tition with that y arranKod that lo to do it BatiB- lily of tho mom- robably, in this miuation in the H in a Htato of ;oHsary lo follow of the alleged of the case and Chun-li, that it Chiirchort. Mr. irch, and qnotes Ho represents liastn, having no 3 to vcpreaont." no principles lo ry, — our noblest n or tho Disrup- ar to us as ever, effects of it have been happily disappointod, and Mr. Kemp, who was ono of tho most impatient advo> catea of tho measure, i« tho first who has printed a word of regret in rofert'nce to it. It is deeply to be lamented that ho has allowed himself to utter sentiments calculated to arouse prrjudices and to give rise to misconceptions. Hero it can do little harm, but at a timo when thcsuhject of union occupies so ranch ottention in the Presbyterian Churches throughout tho world, his statements are most mischievous in their tendency. It iu a matter of surprise that there has been such ontiro harmony in tho United Church, and that so much has been done to consolidate the Church. It may bo granted to Mr. Kemp that we have not received so many ministers from Britain as wo might have done had wo remained apart, but the Union itHclf is most harmonious, and its good results iu the consolidation of the Church are moro and more apparent from year to year. Mr. Kemp deals very severely with tho Central Fund, and tho Homo Mission Com- mittee who manage it. He seems ignorant alike of the past history of tho Homo Mission operations, and the working of tho proseiit fiystom. Ho speaks as though tho Freo Church had all along left tho mission work to tho rresbyterjos, with tho ex> ception of tho distribution ot the missionaries. In 1844, a Homo Mission Couunittco was appointed, the lute Rev. A. Gale, Convenor. From tho llrst this Committee oj- ercised a general supervision of tho whole field, and tho Icgifiluiion of the Synod from year to year tended more and moro to centralisation. In 1847, a Central Synodical Fund was instituted, and tho regulations for tho Homo Mission work were very similar to Ihoso by which our present Committee is guided. In 1848 the Committeo were even authorised to determine the stationing of ministers after corresponding with Presbyteries.* In J 863 Mr. Gale wag appointed ISuperintendent of Homo Mis- sions, with a salary. It was not till 1865, after Mr. Gale's deuth, that tho work of the Synod's H. M. Committee, was reduced to the mero distribution of missionaries among the Presbyteries. In 1867, tho Presbytery of Montreal overturod tho Synod for iho re-establishment of a Central Fund, and it was sent down to Presiiyterios, but in view of tho negotiations for union no action was taken. Immediat/'ly after the Union the subject of the Home Mission work occupied liio attention of ilio Synod, and from tho very first tho Synod approved of a Central Fund. In 1804 a proposal W08 made to conduct it by Presbyteries, and in 18G5 mission districts wero proposed, but tho Synod continued by overwhelming majorities to adhere to i!io principle of a Central Fund, and at length tho present scheme being matured, the Synod in 1865 instituted that Fund, and appointed a committee to manage it. This history of tho scheme will servo to correct some of Mr. Kemp's misstatements. Wo como now to tho comparative results of tho two schemes. When tho present Committee began operations, it found the Presbyteries, with scarcely an exception, deeply in debt: — Montreal, $1600; London (including debt on Buxton Mission) tlGGT ; Toronto, $300; Grey, $360; Ottawa, S3'2I ; Cobourg, *100; Ontario, Ji89 ; Kngston, ^91, together with other debts not included in these sums, amounring in all to upwards of $6000. Missionaries wero wearied out waiting for yeai.s; for the pay- ment of arrears duo to them. This is the scheme under which Mr. Kemp speaks of the Church as flourishing. To tho Central Committeo Mr. Kemp traces in a largo measure his alleged decay of tho Church, and yet it had only been iu operation one year up to the time when his statistics end. Surely it had nothing to do with the want of progress during tlie preceding three years. Since it has been in operation it has paid off $4,000 of old debts, (Montreal Presbytery liquidating its own arrears,) besides metting punctually all the current expenses of ihe mission work. Such facts outweigh a score of such pamphlets as the one under review. Mr. Kemp accuses the Ilome Mission scheme of being " cumbrous," requiring elaborate statistics, "taking the best men of the Church from their own proper work, and making them collectors of statistics," etc., &c. What can be said to such assertions, save that Mr. Kemp evidently knows nothing about the soheme, ♦Mr. Kemp'* Dlgost. • . - 10 All that ,\8 required of Presbyteries is that tbey send to the Committee, once a yeor, the very statistics which they mjst have for their own guidance, unless they carry on their work at hap-hazard. He objects that the large Presbyteries of Montreal. Toronto, Uarailton and London have been cut in pieces in such a way thsit the stronf^, parts had liltlo or no mission field, and the weak and ieeble had the whole outlyinf» work to themselves. With tlie exception of Hamilton, all these Presbyteries have a l.irger Missiou field then they can overtake. Mon- treal has an immense territory with twentN'-five mission stations.; Torom-o hm also an extensive territory with the same nMinber of stations; and London extends over five counties, and has nineteen mission stations. The Presbyteries in respect to the number of ministers ar<» larger than before the union, and surely in extent of territory they are largi enough to satisfy even Mr. Kemp. No arrangement could be made by which the weaker portions of the church would not have the most nece.sitoas fields. This has been the ca';o all along, o.id hence the necessity of a Central fund. Mr. Kemp complains that Presbyteries are deprived of tl oir legitiri^ato work, that the scheme keeps the Presbyteries in ignorance of the actual wan'.s within their bounds, and that they cannot project new missions. These statements may all be simply contradicted. The regulations of the t^ynod make it imperative on Presbyteries to keep up a minute acquaintance with all the facts connected with their mission stations and weak congregations. J^very encouragement is given to Presbyteries to project new missions and to carry them on with efficiency, without involving themselves iv the penalties of debt. In a word, Mr. Kemp writes in ignorance of the whole scheme. He has been viewing the subject at a distano'^, " through the loop-holes of retreat," and has fallen into the most astoun/jing mistakes. One other statement must bo corrected. Mr. Kemp says the Synod has shewn opposition to the institution of a new College in the eastern part of the Province, where it ia earnestly desired and greatly needed. This is not true. The sub- jet of a new College at Montreal vas brought before the Synod by overture in lfi64, and the resolutiou of the Synod was : " That the Synod sanction the forma- tion of a Theological College, a J overtured by the Presbytery of Montreal, and that for this purpose the Presbytery of Montreal be authorized to prepare a Charter, mutatisrautandis, similar to that of Knox's College, and to ivport to next Synod." Ihe only amendn^.ent to this motion was one approving the object but preferring to send the overture down to Presbyteries. The Synod, by a large majority, decided in terms of the motion. In 18G5 ine Charter was completed, and it was remitted to the Presbytery of Montreal to mature anangements. In 1866 the Synod expressed satisfaction with the progress made, and it was again remitted f.o the Presbytery of Montreal to prosecute and mature tiie scheme. If this is what Mr, Kemp calls "shewing oppojitioii to a scheme," surely he uses words in the very opposite sense from tiiat ia which they are usually understood. In regard to Knox College it is only necessary to recall attention to the fact that the sraall increase in the number cf ministers is not due to the falling ofFof the Canadian licentiates, and to add tliat the senior class wiio are now finishing their studies consists of 14 students, the largest number we have had in any year except 1858-9. The following numbers will shew how many have finished the course of study since 1856-7. The first number refers to the Senior class of 1850-7, and the others to the following years in their ordn-: — 7, 6, 17, .'>, 3, 0, 11, 0, 8, 11, li. There are i.-; .ni this session 33 Theological students. There are a large number of students s^'-dyinj? in the Toronto University and other Colleges with a view to the ministry of our Church, exceeding the number at any previous period in our history. The only one of Mr. Kemp's remedies which it is necessary to examine in detail ia his proposal in regard to Home Missions. He proposea "to organize three or four District Synods,, and intrust the Mission work to them." Docs Mr. «J> » r littee, ODue a dance, unless 3 Preflbytcriea cefl in Bucit m eak and feelilu of Hamilton, ertake. Mt>M- >roni,o iia^ aleo iidon exlendrt resbyteries in n, and surely . Kemji. No roll would not ng, o.id hence giti'i'ate work, I wants within itatenienla may imperative on jonuected with mcnt is given /ith efficiency, ord, Mr. Kemp the subject at into the most nod has shewn )f the Province, rue. The sub- by overture in ition (he forma- ntreal, and that pare a Charter, to next Synod." , but preferring large majority, ted, and it was . In 1860 thy agiiin remitted me. If this is e uses words in stood. on to the fact he falling off of now finishing vc had in any ' have finished Senior class of 17, .O, 3,0, II, J, There are a other Colleges li any previous to examine in I " to organize im." Docs Mr. 11 Kemp mean that these Syouds are to carry on the Home Missior operations with- out reference to Presbyteiif!< ? Then indeed will the Mission work be taken out of the hands of Presbyteries with a vengeance. If the Synods are to operate through the Presbyteries then we have three or four central committees instead of one, — each Presbytery sending up '• elaborate statistics " to the Synod under which it is placed, and each Synod sendngup these statistics again to the General Assembly. Here we have "machinery, complicated and heavy machinery." If the present machinery is as Mr. Kemp alleges, complicated, cumbersome and difEcult, then his proposed plan will increase these evils four or five fold. Mr. Kemp's scheme would still throw the heaviest burden of the Mission work on tho^e least able to bear it, and cut off the feebler Synods from the resources of those who are more numerous and wealthy. The Synod has already decided very emphatically against Mission Districts, and the Church is perfectly satisfied with the results of the Central Committee's operations so far as they have yet gone. Were the Synod to adopt Mr. K.'s scheme, it would cripple the energies of the Church and arrest its progress. This perhaps is the proper piace to notice that Mr. Kemp evidently confounds the Homo Mission Committee, with the Committee for the distribution of Preachers. They are entirely distinct. It may perhaps be suggested here that a change is desirable in the mode of distributing probationers, and that it would bo well that they should bo sent to the Presbyteries for longer periods, and that care should bo taken not to put them to unnecessary travol and expense. This, however, has nothing whatever to do with the Home Mission operations. It is impossible to say of Mr. Kemp's pamphlet that the half is greater than the whole. The whole is mischievous in its tendency, incorrect in its state- ments, fallacious in its reasonings, and unsound in its conclusions. It is surpris- ing that a man of his practical sagacity failed to see that there is a mistake in almost every paragraph he has written. . v The Chnrch would have welcomed his pamphlet, had he daolt with the all important question of the insufficient supply of ministers and missionaries. Unhappily it is calculated both to prevent probationers from coming to us from the parent Churches, and to de jr our own young men from studying for the ministry of the Church. There were by last returns 48 vrcancies and only 11 probationers. There are 132 Mission Stations connected with our Home Mission operations, and our supply of laborers for this field is even more inadequate than in the case of the vacancies. All branches of the Church of Christ in Britain, endowed »*nd unendowed, are constrained to acknow- ledge that one of the great barriers to their progress is the wont of ministers. The Presbyteries in Scotlond ore earnestly discussing remedia'*|measures. It is imperatively demanded of the Church here to toke decisive steps with a view of innreasing the number of candidates for tjie ministry. It has already occupied the attention of our Church Courts, but more united, earnest effort is required. Ministers should seek out pious and talented young men in their congregations, and encourage them to go on to the work of the ministry ; parents should gladly devote their most pious and talented sons to the some noble work ; and encour- agement should be given to deserving young men, by increasing the number of bursaries. It is pleasant to aijree with Mr. Kemp in one ipoint, where he urges the people to greater liberality in the matter of stipend. The social status of ministers must be raised by increasing the average emolument. Nor must the higher motives to the ministry be lost sight of. Let a strong tide of living piety roll in upon the Church, and in spite of oil discouragements, our young men will be found devoting themselves to the noblest work in which men can eng«ge. Our ministers and people must be stirred up to more earnest prayer that the Lord would send forth laborers into His harvest. DAVID INGLIS. Hamilton, March 5th, 1807.