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Tous les autres exemplaires originaux sont fllmte en commen^ant par la premiere page qui compoite une empreinte d'impression ou d'illustratlon et en terminant par la derniAre page qui comporte une telle empreinte. Un dee symbolee suh^ants apparattra sur la derniAre image de cheque nricrofiche, selon le cas: le symbols -*> signifie "A SUIVRE", le symbols V signifie "FIN". Les cartes, planches, tableaux, etc., peuvent Atre fllmte A de« taux de rMuctlon diff«rents. Lorsque le document est trop grand pour Atre reproduit en un seul cilchA, il est film« ik partir de I'angle sup^rieur gauche, de gauche A droive, et de haut en bas, en prenant le nombre d'images nteessaire. Les diagrammes suivants illustrent la mAthode. 1 2 3 4 5 6 I Kii / ENGLIJ Kinder- und Hausmarchen DBK GEBRtJDER GRIMM SELECTED AND EDITED TOGETHER WITH SCHILLER'S BALLAD "DER TAUCHER" \/ITH ENGLISH NOTES, GLOSSARIES AND GRAMMATICAL APPENDICES BY W. H. VAN' DER SMISSEN, M.A. Lecturer on German in University College, Toronto; DtUgui Rigional de rittstitution Ethnogra/>hique. TORONTO WILLIAMSON & CO. .885 . Inttreil ao ordijiK to the Act of Parliament o* Carada. In th. . cm one ttiousand tiffht huadrod and eiirhty-five, by Williamhor and Gompamt, ui the OflSoe of the Minister of Atrriculture. f laiid PREFACE. The Tales contained in the present selection form, together with Schiller's Ballad, ** Der Taucher," the work prescribed for Junior Matriculation at the' Uni- versity of Toronto for the years 1886-88-90. The charming simplicity of diction and thought in these Tales renders them so peculiarly fit for begin- ners in the German language to read, that it is difficult to imagine why no such selection has ever before (as far as the present editor is aware) been made and edited for junior pupils, either in England or the United States. The frequent occurrence of colloquial and idiomatic expressions may perhaps be in part the cause of this ; yet these colloquialisms and idioms are most indispensable to the student of the language; and the sooner they are acquired the better. In arranging this selection, the Tales of Cinderella, Little Red Riding-Hood, and the Sleeping Beauty, are placed first, as every child (it is to be hoped) is already familiar with the matter of these Tales, and thus the pupil's comprehension of the story as a connected whole is much facilitated. IV PREFACE. The Notes and Glossary have both been made very full, and in the former more attention has been paid than usual to the very important subject of the construc- tion of sentences in German, a subject frequently neg- lected or postponed until the pupil is supposed to be ripe enough to begin translating from English into German. This is, in the editor's opinion, a great mis- take. The pupil should, in this branch of discipline, be drilled early and drilled often, and should be made to dissect and analyze each sentence, as he reads, until he is thoroughly au fait on this point. The value of the mental training! afforded by careful dissection and analysis of this sort cannot easily be overrated ; for, next to the classical languages, no language affords so favourable an exercise-ground for this purpose as the German. No pains have been spared to impress this and other points of grammar on the young student ; nor is any apology required for the frequent repetition of gram- matical rules and axioms contained in the Notes, since repetition is one of the most effectual modes of im- pressing them on the mind of the beginner. The Glossaries have also been made as full as pos- sible, and grammatical remarks, as well as synonyms, are frequently given, in addition to the meanings ; the object being, as in the Notes, to save the pupil the tinic which would otherwise be taken up with frequent reference to the grammar. The Appendices coiitain full sets of rules in the con- cisest possible form for the construction of German PREFACE. V sentences, illustrated by examples, and for the declen- sion of adjectives. The Tales have been printed in the Roman char- acter (following the example of the Clarendon Press edition of Schiller's *' Belagerung von Antwerpen "), partly in order to accustom the pupil to the appearance of German virords in this character (the use of which is rapidly gaining ground in Germany, in spite of Prince Bismarck's refusal to accord it official recognition), and partly for the sake of the pupils' eyes. A word or two may be necessary as to the orthog- raphy. The letter h has in every case been rejected after the letter t, in accordance with the now almost universal custom in Germany. The latest (smaller) edition of the Mdrc/ien, though adopting this mode of spelling in most words (as Tor, Not, etc.), shrinks from doing so in certain words of common occurrence, such as than, Thtire ; in the present edition the new orthography has been adhered to consistently through- out, since there is no more reason for the h in thun than in Thor. With regard to the ss and sz as re- placing the German §, the latter has only been retained when preceded by a single long vowel, i.e., where it is really a guide to the proper pronunciation. It was at first intended to drop the h wherever there was no etymological justification for its presence ; but the German practice is not yet sufficiently established on this point to allow of any such innovation in a school texi-book. On the other hand, a return has been made in one vl PREFACE. respect to the older orthography, viz., in the spelling of the imperfect of gehen, hangen, etc., with ie (gicng, etc.) instead of i ; and this for the reason that the older spelling is etymologically more correct. The Ballad of Schiller (Der Taucher) is, however, presented in the German type, so that the student may not lose all recollection of this character. This fine specimen of ballad literature will afford the pupil the needed opportunity of becoming more or less familiar with poetical and higher forms of diction and construc- tion, as the Tales familiarize him with colloquial and common forms, and ^ill thus extend his knowledge of the uses of words, and of the language in general. The second Glossary contains only such words as, occurring in the Ballad, are not contained in the first, and is printed, like the other, in Roman type only. The editor trusts that the minuteness of the Notes and Glossary, and the copiousness of the grammatical explanations, may tend to increase the number of students of the noble German language in the schools of this Province, by making it easier for both teacher and pupil ; and if this aim should happily be attained, he will consider himself amply repaid for all the trouble and labour expended on this little book. University College, Toronto, March, 1885. EXPLANATION OF ABBREVIATIONS, ETC. Letters or syllables in ( ) may be omitted ; words in [ ] do not occur in the text ; grammatical and other remarks m [ ] contain information for the teacher or more advanced pupil (such as derivations, syno- nymes, etc.). % A dash indicates that the word in question is to be supplied, as : Blume, pl.-n, means that the pi. of this word is Blumen; Diener, P^' . means that the pi. is the same as the sing. The principal accent in a word is indicated by the acute accent (') ; the secondary by the grave ( * ). When the word is repeated, tlie first letter only is given ; thus, under anhaben, etwas a. = etwas anhaben. In the case of strong verbs, the principal parts are given in the fol- lowing order: impf. indie, past part., second sing, imper., second sing. pres. ind.; the last two being given only when the radical vowel is changed. When other parts are given, they are named ; for special reasons, the third sing. pres. ind. is sometimes also added. A., Aschenpui:tel. a., active. ace., accusative. adj., adjective, adjectives, adjec- tival. adv., adverb, adverbial, adverb- ially. affirm., affirmative.* antec, antecedent. App., Appendix. appos., apposition. art., article, attrib., attributive, aux., auxil., auxiliary. B.,Bruderchen und Schwesterchen. cap., capital (letter), card., cardinal, caus., causative, coll., collective, comm., common, comp., compound, compounded, composition ; compare. •mmmMi^^T^^ VIII EXPLAMATfON OF ABBR^^IIA'IJONS, ETC, compd., comnnnn.u. compar., comparative, comparison compos., composition. conj., conjunction, conjugated. conn., connected, connection, cons., consonant. constr., construction. contr., contracted, contraction. coord., coordinate, coordinative. D., Dornroschen. dat., dative. decl., declined, declinable, declen- sion. def., definite. demonstr., demonstrative. dep., dependent. der., derived, derivative. deriv., derivative. * dim., dimin., diminutive, dir., direct. \ dist., distinguish, distinguished, distinct. Eng., Engl., English. «"..?■., for example, esp., especially, exc, except, exception, f., fern., feminine, foil., following, foliowed. fr., from. Fr., French, fract., fractional, freq., frequentative, frequently, fut., future, gen., genitive. Gloss., Glossary. gov., governs, governing, governed. H., Hans im Gluck. ue.y that is. imp., impf., imperfect. i imper., imperative. | impers., impersonal. ' incompar., incomparable (not com pared), ind., indie, indicative, indecl., indeclinable, indef., indefinite, indep., independent, indir., indirect. inf., infinitive, insep., inseparable. int., interj., interjection, intern, inlerrog., aiterrogative. introd., introducing, introduced, introduction, irreg., irregular, t, der treue Johannes. ., Kiinig Drosselbart. I., line. Lai., Latin, lit., literal, literally. m., masc, niascuhne. metaphor., metaphorically, figur- atively. n., neut., n-uter. neg., negative. num., numeral, number. obj., object. obs., observe. oppos., opposition. ord., ordinal. orig., originally. p., page. part., particle, participle. partic, participial. pass., passive. perf., perfect. pers., person, personal. pi., plur., plural. plup., plupf., pluperfect. poss., possessive. prec, preceding. pred., predicate, predicative, pref., prefix, prep,, preposition, pres., present, princ, prin ipal. pron., pronoun, pronominal ; pro- nounce, prorunciatioh. pronom., pronominal, prop., proper, properly. R., Rotkappchen. recipr., reciprocal, refl., refiexive. ri"(., relative, relates, relating. S., Sneewittchen. sent., sentence. e. uced, EXPLANATION OF ABBREVJATIO.'S, ETC. IX figUP tep., separable, ling., singular, ■tn, strong (of verbs, etc.). sul)j., subject, subjunctive, •ubord., subordinate, subordina- tive. lubst., substantive, substaniives. sup., supine. superl., superlative. syll., syllable. syn., synonyme, synonymes. term., termination, i3rminations. trans., transitive. transl, translate, translaied, trans lation. undecl., undeclincd. untransl., untranslated. v., verb. vnr., variative. vir., namely. vow., vowel. I vulg., vulgar, vulgarly j w., weak. =1 equal, eciuivalent to. pro- CONTENTS I. — ASCHENPUTTEL, . II. — ROTKAPPCHEN, HI. — DornrOschen, IV. — Der treub Johai^nes, . V. — Bruderchen und Schwesterchej;, VI. — KOnIG DROSiiELBART, . VII. — Sneevvittchen, . VIII.— Hans im GlOck, . Notes to Grimm's Marchen, Glossary to Grimm's Marchen, Grammatical Appendix, Schiller's Der Taucher, Notes to Der Taucher, Glossary to Der Taucher, . I II i6 21 3* 41 47 59 67 107 181 191 197 205 I. ASCHENPUTTEL. (No. 14.) Einem reichen Manne dem ward seine Frau krank, und als sie f uhlte, dass ihr Ende herankant, rief sie ihr einziges Tochterlein zu sich ans Bett und sprach : ** Liebes Kind, bleib' fromm und gut, so wird dir der liebe Gott immer beistehen, und ich will vom Him- 5 mel auf dich herabblicken und will urn dich sein." Darauf tat sie die Augen zu und verschied. Das Mad- chen gieng jeden Tag hinaus zu dem Grabe der Mut- ter und weinte und blieb fromm und gut. Als der \ inter kam, deckte der Schnee ein weisses Tuchlein 10 auf das Grab, und als, die Sonne im Fruhjahr es wieder herabgezogen hatte, nahm sich der Mann eine andere Frau. Die Frau hatte zwei Tochter mit ins Haus ge- bracht, die schon und weiss von Angesicht waren, 15 aber garstig und schwarz von Herzen. Da gieng eine schlimme Zeit fur das urme Stiefkind an. "Soil die dumme Gans bei uns in der Stube sitzen ?" sprachen sie, " Wer Brot essen will, muss es verdienen ; hinaus mitderKuchenmag.." Sie nahmen ihm seine schonen 20 Kleider weg, zogen ihm einen alten grauen Kittel an und gaben ihm holzerne Schuhe. Dann lachten sie 2 ' GKJMAPS MARC hen; es aus und fuhrten es in die Kuche. Da musste es so schwere Arbeit tun, frOh vor Tag aufstehen, Was- ser Iragen, Feuer anmachen, kochen und waschen. Obendrein taten ihm die Schwestern alles ersinn- 5 liche Herzeleid an, verspotteten es und schiitteten ihm die Erbsen und Linsen in die Asche, so dass es sitzen und sie wieder auslesen musste. Abends, wenn es sich miide gearbeitet hatte, kam es in kein Bett, sondern musste sich neben den Herd in die Asche lo legen. Und weil es darum immer staubig und schmutzig aussah, nannten sie es Aschenputtel. Es trug sich zu, dass der Vater einmal in die Messe Ziehen wollte, da fragte er die beiden Stiettochter, was er ihnen mitbringen sollte ? " Schone Kleider,'' 15 sagte die eine, " Perlen und Edelsteine," die zweite. "Aber du, Aschenputtel," sprach er, "was willst du haben ? " " Vater, das erste Reis, das euch auf eurem Heimweg an den Hut stoszt, das brecht furmichab." Er kaufte nun fur die beiden Stiefschwestern schone 20 Kleider, Perlen und Edelsteine, und auf dem RUck- weg, als er durch einen griinen Busch ritt, streifte ihn ein Haselreis und stiess ihm den Hut ab. Da brach er das Reis ab und nahm es mit. Als er nach Hause kam, gab er den Stieftochtern, was sie sich 25 gewunscht hatten, und dem Aschenputtel gab er das Reis von cjm Haselbusch. Aschenputtel danktc ihm, gieng zu seiner Mutter Grab und pflanzte das Reis darauf und weinte so sehr, dass die Tranen niederfielen und es begossen. Es wuchs aber und 30 ward ein schoner Baum. Aschenputtel gieng alle Tage dreimal darunter, weinte und betete, und alle- mal kam ein weisses Voglein auf den Baum, und das w ogleiPx warf ihrr. herab, was es sich nur wunschte. ASCItENPVTTEt. 3 Es begab sich aber, dass der Konig ein Fest an- stellte, das drei Tage dauern sollte, und wozu alle schonen Jungfrauen im Lande eingeladen wurden, damit sich sein Sohn eine Braut aussuchen mochte! Die zwei Stiefschwestern, als sie horten, dass sie auch 5 riabei erscheinen soilten, waren guter Dinge, riefen Aschenputtel und sprachen : " Kamm' uns die Hare biirste uns die Schuh' und mache uns die Schnallen fest, wir geben zur Hochzeit auf des Konigs Schloss " Aschenputtel gehorchte, weinte aber, weil es auch 10 gem zum Tanz mitgegangen war', und bat die Stief- mutter, sie mochte es ihm erlauben. " Du Aschen- puttel V0.II Staub und Schmutz," sprach sie, "du willst zur Hochzeit und hast keine Kleider ! willst tanzen und hast keine Schuhe ! " Als es aber mit 15 Bitten anhielt, sprach sie endlich : "Da habe ich dir eine Schiissel Linsen in die Asche geschiittet und wenn du die Linsen in zwei Stunden wiede' ausgelesen hast, so soUst du mitgehen." Das Miidchen gieng durch die Hintertur nach dem 20 Garten und rief : " Ihr zahmen Taubchen, ihr Turtel- taubchen, all ihr Voglein unter dem Himmel, kommt und helft mir lesen : Die guten ins Topfchen, Die schlechten ins Kropfchen." 25 Da kamen zum Kiichenfenster zwei weisse Taubchen herein, und danach die Turteltaubchen, und endlich schwirrten und schwarmten alle Vogelein unter dem Himmel herein und liessen sich um die Asche nieder. Und die Taubchen nickten mit dem Kopfchen und 30 fiengen an pik, pik, pik, pik, und da fiengen die ubri- gen auch an pik, pik, pik, pik, und lase^n alle guten 4 GRIMM'S MARCHEN. Kornlem m die Schiissel. Kaum war eine Stunde herum, so waren sie fertig und flogen alle wieder hin- aus. Da trug das MSdchen die Schussel zu der Stief- mutter, freute sich und glaubte, es durfte nun mit 5 auf die Hochzeit gehen. Aber sie sprach : " Nein, Aschenputtel, du wirst nur ausgelacht, du hast keine Kleider und kannst nicht tanzen." Als es nun weinte, sprach sie : " Wenn du mir zwei Schlisseln voll Lin- sen in Einer Stunde aus der Asche reinlesen kannst, lo so sollst du mitgehen," und dachte : " Das kann es ja nimmermehr." Sie schuttete die zwei Schusseln Lin- sen in die Asche, aber das Madchen gieng durch die HintertUre nach dem Garten und rief : " Ihr zahmen Taubchen, ihr Turieltaubchen, all ihr Voglein unter 15 dem Himmel, kommt und helft mir lesen: Die guten ins Topfchen, Die schlechten ins Kropfchen." Da kamen zum Kiichenfenster zwei weisse Taubchen herein, und danach die Turteltaubchen, und endlich 20 schwirrten und schwarmten alle Voglein unter dem Himmel he* .n und liessen sich um die Asche nieder. Und die Taubchen nickten mit ihrem Kopfchen und fiengen an pik, pik, pik, pik, und da fiengen die iibri- gen auch an pik, pik, pik, pik, und' lasen alle guten 25 Korner in die Schusseln. Und eh' eine halbe Stunde herum war, waren sie schon fertig und flogen alle wieder hinaus. Da trug das Madchen die Schusseln zu der Stiefmutter, freute sich und glaubte, nun durf- te es mit auf die Hochzeit gehen. Aber sie sprach ; 30 " Es hilft dir alles nichts : du kommst nicht mit, denn du hast keine Kleider und kannst nicht tanzen ; wir iuu;jjtvix WHO uwiuc;i sciiuuicii, i^araui iv€nrte sic ^ , ASCHENPUTTEL. 5 ihm den RUcken zu und gieng mit ihren zwei stolzen Tochtern fort. Als ijun niemand mehr daheim war, gieng Aschen- puttel zu seiner Mutter Grab unter den Haselbaum und rief : 5 " Baumchen, ruttel' dich und schuttel' dich, Wirf Gold und Silber Uber mich." Da warf ihm der Vogel ein golden und silbern Kleid herunter und ein Par mit Seide und Silber ausge- stickte Pantoffeln. Alsbald zog es Kleid und Fan- 10 toflfeln an und gieng zur Hochzeit. Seine Schwes- tern aber und die Stiefmutter erkannten es nicht und meinten, es musste eine fremde Konigstochter sein so schon sah es in dem goldenen Kleide aus An Aschenputtel dachten sie gar nicht und glaubten ic es lage daheim im Schmutz. Der Konigssohn kam Ihm entgegen, nahm es bei der Hand und tanzte mit ihm. Er wollte auch mit sonst niemand tanzen, also dass er ihm die Hand nicht los liess, und wenn ein anderer kam, es aufzufordern, sprach er : " Das ist 20 meine Tanzerin." Es tanzte bis es Abend war da wollte es nach Hause gehen. Der Konigssohn aber sprach • " Ich gehe mit und begleite dich," denn er wollte sehen wem das schone Madchen angehorte. Sie ent' 2^ wischte ihm aber und sprang in das Taubenhaus. Nun wartete der Konigssohn, bis der Vater kam, und sagte Ihm, das fremde Madchen war' in das Tauben- haus gesprungen. Da dacni t er : " Sollte es Aschen- puttel sem ? " and sie mussten ihm Axt und Hacken 30 bnngen, damit er das Taubenhaus entzweisclilagren Koniile : aber es war niemand darin. Und als sielns Ml i it 4 10 O GRIMM'S MA/iCI/EAr, Haus kamen, lag Aschenputtel in seinen schmutzigen Kleidern in der Asclie, und ein trubes OUampchen brannte im Schornstein ; denn Aschenputtel war geschwind aus dem Taubenhaus hinten herabge- 5 spningen und war zu dem Haselbaumchen gelaufen : da hatte es die schonen Kleider ausgetan und aufs Grab gelegt, und der Vogel hatte sie wieder wegge- nommen, und dann hatte es sich in seinem grauen Kittelchen in die Kuche zur Asche gesetzt. Am andern Tag, als das Fest von neuem anhub und die Eltern und Stiefschwestern wieder fort waren, gieng Aschenputtel zu dem Haselbaum und sprach : IS " Baumchen, rUttel' dich und schuttel' dich, Wirf Gold und Silber uber mich." Da warf der Vogel ein noch viel stolzeres Kleid herab, als am vorigen Tag. Und als es mit diesem Kleide auf der Hochzeit erschien, erstaunte jeder- mann tiber seine Schonheit. Der Konigssohn aber 2o hatte gewartet, bis es kam, nahm es gleich bei der Hand und tanzte nur allein mit ihm. Wenn die andern kamen und es auflforderten, sprach er : " Das ist meine Tanzerin." Als es nun Abend war, wollte es fort, und der Konigssohn gieng ihm nach und 25 wollte sehen, in welches Haus es gieng : aber es ent- sprang ihm und lief in den Garten hinter dem Haus. Darin stand ein schoner groszer Baum mit den herr- lichsten Birnen, auf den kletterte es behend wie ein Eichhornchen, und der Konigssohn wusste nicht, wo 30 es hingekommen war. Er wartete aber, bis der Vater kam, und sprach zu ihm : " Das fremde Mad- cixvxx xcL iiiii vjiitwisciit, uuu icn giauoe, es ist aui den A I I s V b si li E \h 81 J » -tl ASCHENPUTTEL. y Birnbaum gesprungen.' Der Vater dachte : " Sollte und h,eb den Baum um, aber es war niemand darauf Vote, auf dtlT^T herabgesprungen, hatte dem ' vvSebrth.H '"■"'*"" '"<' ^'^''^"O" Kleider Togen ' " '"" ^'■^"'^ Kittelchen ange- fortl 'refliel? :\"^ ^"^™ ""'' S'^h-stem ,0 MutteTrr.'h^'T ^''^'«"'P""«1 wieder zu seiner Mutter Grab und spracli zu dem BSumchen : " Baumchen, rUttel' dich und scliattel' dich, Wirf Gold und Silber Uber mich." es in'de. t-^'TTHZlTjT: '^''"'- ^'^ wenr, es einer au«orderte,Uh"er'? ..Tas' t^e^ ^ sprang ihni so ^eschwinH H ' ' ^' ^"^' ^onnte. Der Ko^igtr k^rabTr Te^i^t" '' braucht und hatte^ ri;« ^ ^^^' 8^- ^treichen .In Va'lril "^T k' ''^^'' "«■ linke Pantoffel des Z 'chel h P''"^' "^^ Der Kenigssohn hob m^ur; t^Mein'fnf ^"■ .•ch und gariz golden. An, ^.vk,!. Hf'" ""<* ^■«'- i° •r damit zu dem Manne und'sZl'"' "'r^'^" *^"'"^ 'e una sagte zu ihm : " Keine 8 GRIMM'S MARC II E!^, \\\ andere soil meine Gemahlin werden als die, an deren Fusz dieser goldene Schuli passt." Da freuten sich die beiden Schwestern, denn sie hatten schone FUsze. Die Alteste gieng mit dem Schuh in die Kammer 5.und woUte ihn anprobiren, und die Mutter stand da- bei, Aber sie konnte mit der groszen Zehe nicht hineinkommen, und der Schuh war ihr zu klein ; da reichte ihr die Mutter ein Messer und sprach : " Hau' die Zehe ab : wann du Konigin bist, so lo brauchst du nicht mehr zu Fusz zu gehen." Das Madchen hieb die Zehe ab, zwangte den Fusz in den Schuh, verbiss den Schmerz und gieng heraus zum Konigssohn. Da nahm er sie als seine Braut aufs Pferd und ritt fnit ihr fort. Sie mussten aber an 15 dem Grabe vorbei, da saszen die zwei Taubchen auf dem Haselbaumchen und riefen : " Rucke di guck, rucke di guck, Blut ist im Schuck (Schuh) : Der Schuck ist zu klein, 20 Die rechte Brn it sitzt noch daheim." Da blickte er auf ihren Fusz und sah, wie das Blut herausquoU. Er wendete sein Pferd um, brachte die falsche Braut wieder nach Hause und sagte, das ware nicht die rechte, die andere Schwes- 25 ter sollte den Schuh anziehen. Da gieng diese in die Kammer und kam mit den Zehen glucklich in den Schuh, aber die Ferse war zu grosz. Da reichte ihr die Mutter ein Messer und sprach : " Hau' ein Stiick von der Ferse ab : wann du Konigin bist, 30 brauchst du nicht mehr zu Fusz zu gehen." Das Madchen hieb ein Stiick von der Ferse ab, zwangte den Fusz in den Schuh, verbiss den Schmerz und das ASCHRNPUTTEL. 9 gieng heraus zum Konigssohn. Da nahm er sie als seine Braut aufs Pferd und ritt mit ihr fort. Als sie an dem Haselbaumchen vorbei kamen, saszen die zwei Tiiubchen darauf und riefen : " Rucke di guck, rucke di guck, . 5 Blut ist im Schuck : Der Schuck ist zu klein, Die rechte Braut sitzt noch daheim." Er blickte nieder auf ihren Fusz und sah, wie das Blut aus dem Schuh quoll und an den weissen 10 StrUmpfen ganz rot heraufgestiegen war. Da wendete er sein Pferd und brachte die falsche Braut wieder nach Hause. " Das ist auch nicht die rechte " sprach er, " habt ihr keine andere Tochter ?'" "Nein," sagte der Mann, "nur von meiner ver- ic storbenen Frau ist noch ein kleines verbuttetes Aschenputtel da, das kann unmoglich die Braut sem." Der Konigssohn sprach, er sollt' es herauf schicken, die Mutter aber antwortete : "Ach nein das ist viel zu schmutzig, das darf sich nicht sehen 20 lassen." Er wollte es aber durchaus sehen, und Aschenputtel musste gerufen werden. Da wusch es sich erst Hande und Angesicht rein, gieng dann hin und neigte sich vor dem Konigssohn, der ihm den goldenen Schuh reiehte, Es setzte sich auf einen 25 bchemel, zog den linken Fusz aus dem schweren Holzschuh, setzte ihn auf den goldenen Pantoifel und nur em wenig brauchte es zu drucken, so stand es darm, als war' er ihm angegossen. Als es aber das ^esicht erhob, da sah er, dass es die war, die mit 30 Ihm getanzt hatte, und sprach : " Das ist die rechte oraut ! " Dip Stifjfmnff/a^ ,,^^ j:_ u-?.! «-. , lO GRIMM'S MAKCHE.Y, tern erschraken und wurden bleich vor Arger : er aber nahm Aschcnputtel aufs Pferd und ritt mit ihm fort. Als sie an dem HaselbKumchen vorbeikamen, riefen die zwei weissen Taubchen : 5 " Rucke di guck, rucke di guck, Kein Blut ist im Schuck : Der Schuck ist nicht zu klein, Die rechte Braut die ftlhrt er heim." Und als sie das gerufen batten, kamen sie beide lo herabgeflogen und setzten sich dem Aschenputtel auf die Schultern, eine rechts, die andere links, und blieben da sitzen. Als die Hochzfcit mit dem Konigssohn sollte ge- halten werden, kamen die falschen Schwestern, 15 wollten sich einschmeicheln und Teil an seinem Gliick nehmen. Als die Brautleute nun zur Kirche giengen, war die alteste zur rechten, die jungste zur linken Seite : da pickten die Tauben einer jeden das . Eine Auge aus ; hernach als sie herausgiengen, war 20 die alteste zur linken, und die jiingste zur rechten, da pickten die Tauben einer jeden das andere Auge aus. Und waren sie also fur ihre Bosheit und Falschheit auf ihr Lebtag gestraft. r : er ihm men, IT. )eide uttel und - ge- tern, nem re he zur I das war iten, uge und ROTKAPPCHEN. (No. 17.) Es war einmal eine kleine sUsze Dirne die hatte ,V dermann lieb, der sie nur ansah, a. allerlfebst ^^ d m R r""r' '" """^^ ^^^ "^^ht, was sie alle dem Kmde geben sollte. Einmal schenkte sie ihm em Kappchen von rotem Sammet, und weil ihm 1 so wohl stand und es nichts ander; mehrT ^ „ J, ' te, hiess es nur das Rotkappchen. Da sa^te eiZl. bring. de/otslurTin:: .^r i'^f ^'-J Morgan .u In or ""t"'^^"^ "'^•^ 'g"'«" r loo . 1 T^ ' ^' *''"^' Das Fest wgrd niit aller Pracht gefeiert, und als es zu Ende war, beschenkten die weisen Frauen das 20 Kind mit ihren Wundergaben : die Eine mit Tugend, die andere mit Schonheit, die dritte mit Reichtum, und so mit allcm, was auf der Weil nur zu wiinschen DORNROSCHEIsr. •j; 1st. Als elfe ihre Spruche eben getan hatten, trat plotzlich die dreizehnte herein. Sie wollte sich da- fur racxhen, dass sie nicht eingeladen war, und ohne jemand zu grussen oder nur anzuseheii, rief sie mit lauter Stimme : "Die Konigstochter soil sich in 5 ihrem funfzehnten Jahr an einer Spindel stechen und tot hinfallen." Und qhne ein Wort weiter zu l^ I- . .^u sprechen, kehrte sie sich urn und verliess den Saal. ^'lI^J^ ^ Alle waren erschrocken, da trat die zwolfte hervor, - ^ ' '^' die ihren Wunsch noch ubrig hatte, und well sie den 10 bosen Spruch nicht aufheben sondern nur ihn mil- dern konnte, so sagte sie : " Es soil aber kein Tod sein, sondern ein hundertjahriger tiefer Schlaf, in welchen die Konigstochter fallt"; ^ Der Konig, der sein liebes Kind'vor so grossem 15 Ungluck gern bewahren wollte, liess den Befehl aus- gehen, dass die Spindeln im ganzen Konigreiche sollten verbrannt werden. An dem Madchen aber wurden die Gaben der weisen Frauen samtlich er- fullt, denn es war so schon, sittsam, freundlich und 20 verstandig, dass es jedermann. der es ansah, lieb haben musste. Es geschah, dass an dem Tage, wo es gerade fiinfzehn Jahr' alt ward, der Konig und die Konigin nicht zu Hause waren, und das Madchen ganz allein im Schloss zuriickblieb. Da gieng es 2c; allerorten herum, besah Stuben und Kammern, wie es Lust hatte, und kam endlich auch an einen alten Turm. Es stieg die enge Wendeltreppe hinauf und gelangte zu einer kleinen Ture. In dem Schloss steckte ein verrosteter Schlfissel, und als es um- 30 drehte, sprrng die Tur' auf, und s^sz L in einem •■ " -=-""-"c" ciiic aice Frau mit einer Spindel und spann emsig ihren Flachs. " Guten Tag, du <>{j .... . ,d^t;t ..... li t! ' I i8 GRIMM'S MARC HEN. ■ altes Mutterchen," sprach die Konigstochter "was machst du da ? " • Ich spinne," sagte die aL un^ mcicte mit dem Kopf. "Was ist L ll ein DW 5 nahm d,e Spmdel and wollte auch spinnen Kau"' hatte s,e aber die Spindel angerUhrt, so gieng de" Zaubersprucl, in Erfiillung, und sie stach sirh f v in den Finger. ''"'"" ,. U '^ «',■" .A"genblick aber, wo sie den Stich emo- ., und'^d "'" """"' ""''^" "'^d- ""d scl^liefln e „ 15 und der ganze Hofstat mit il,nen. Da schliefen Tauben auf dem Dache, die Fliegen an der Wand a das Feuer, das auf dem Herde flacl• ? . fro,.« T 1. go'ucnen uache, antwortete der '' Meine Uebe"- ■^''- '"""''' "'' ^^'^ -''- ' an d?n Ba,™?"^ ''' '" ^'■°^^' ^^"" '"'^ flatter erTn^fDu bis^te"in"'n'* '"^"' "^^^ '^^ ^ ^.__ ^ . ^^ '^^^^ "^e^n getreuester Johann^c ^„ "iussi mir beistehen." *'" "'" 24 GRIMM ' S MA RCirE.W .'/ tri , > --f Der treue Diener besann sich lange, wie es anzu- fangen ware, dcnn cs hiclt schwer, nur vor das An- gesicht der Konigstochtcr zu kommen. Endlich hattc er ein Mittel ausgedacht, und sprach zu dein K -nig: 5 "Alles, was sie um sich hat, ist von Gold: Tische, Stiihle, SchUsseln, Becher, Napfe und alles Haiisge- rat : in deincm Schatze liegcn fiinf Tonnen Goldes, lass' Eine von den Goldschmieden des Reichs verar- ''-' beiten zu allerhand Gefaszen und Geratschaftcn, zu lo allerhand Vogeln, Gewild und wunderbaren Tieren, das wird ihr gefallen. Wir wollen hinfahren und unser Gliick versuchen." Der Konig Hess alle Gold- schmiede zusammenkommen : sie arbeiteten Tag und Nacht, bis endlich die herrlichsten Dinge fertig 15 waren. Nun liess der getreue Johannes alles auf ein Schiflf laden, und zog Kaufmannskleider an, und der Konig musste ein gleiches tun, um sich unkennt- lich zu machen. Dann fuhren sie iiber das Meer und fuhren so lange bis sie zur Stadt kamen, worin 20 die Konigstochter vom goldenen Dache wohnte. Der treue Johannes hiess den Konig auf dem Schiffe zuriickbleiben und auf ihn warten. "Viel- leicht," sprach er, " bring' ich die Konigstochter mit, aarum sorget, dass alles in Ordnung ist, lasst die 25 Goldgefasze aufstellen und das ganze Schiff aus- schmucken." Darauf suchte er sich in sein Schiirz- chen allerlei von den Goldsachen zusammen, stieg ans Land und gieng gerade nach dem koniglichen Schloss. Als er in den Schlossjiof kam, stand da beim 30 Brunnen ein schones Madchen, das hatte zwei goide- ne Eimcr in dc Hand und schopfte damit. Und als es das goldbhnkende Wasser forttragen wollte und sich umdrehte, sah es den fremden Mann und fragtc r>ER TfiRUE jo//ajva;es. n A ilin, wer cr ware? Da antw<,rtcte er: "Ich bin cin K.tufn,a„„,'. und offnete sein SchUrzchcn und li^ ^ ^^^gr^:d^^^^^^ Das muss die Kon.gstochter sehen, die hat so grosze mnauf, denn es war die KammerjunKfer Als die uXtt '^"e: isTrsct^' ^'' t '»- ^^ - illp. oht '. ., ^''^"" gearbeitet, dass ich dir axles abka'ifpn will " ai j sDrach- "l/hK . '*'-''■ «''"'<^"« Johannes sprach . Ich bin nur der Dicner von einem reichen Kaufmaun : was ich hier habe, ist nichts KegeTd.T 1st das kunsthchste und Itostlichste, was je in Gold Ta.eso,,„3;is'^di:'^MC„nr::re"-tL^ ^'estr-hS^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^ Da fuhrte sie der getreue Johannes zu dem Schiffe ,. ':^ZiZrr '""'^^' ^"' ^^^ K.nig It t ' "nd n ;" ;^^^^^^^^ ":,"-h schoner war als das Bild una memte nicht anders, als das Herz wollte ihm zerspringen. Nun stieg sie in das ^rhZ ^ ^ KiJnio- fiih,-fo • u- . 6 ^'^ ^n aas Sschiff, und der xvonig luhrte sie hine n : der e-efrpn^ i^u bUeb « bei den. SteJef^r .^thSl: ^° ._. . _.„,, ,„ aeri^uit.- Der Konig aber 26 CAWA/A/'S MANCIIEN, -.JMK\ I H zeigtc Ihr drinncn d.is goldene Guschirr, jcdes cin- zeln, die Schiisseln, Hecher, Niipfe, die Vogel, das Gewild iind die wunderbaren Tiere. Viele stiindcn giengen herum, wUhrend sie alias besah, und in ihrer 5 PVeude merkte sie nicht, dass das Schiff dahinfuhr. Nachdem sie dus letzte betrachtet hatte, dankte sic dem Kaufmann und wollte heim ; als sie aber an des Schiflfes Rand kam, sah sie, dass es fern vom Land auf hohem Meere gieng und mit vollen Segeln fort- loeilte. "Ach," rief sie erschrocken, "ich bin be- trogen, ich bin entfUhrt und in die Gewalt eines Kaufrnanns geraten ; lieber wollt' ich sterben ! " Der Konig aber fasste sie bei der Hand und sprach : " Ein Kaufmann bin ich nicht, ich bin ein Konig 15 und nicht geringer an Geburt als du bist : aber dass ich dich mit List entfUhrt habe, das ist aus Uber- groszer Liebe geschehen. Das erste mal, als ich dein Bildnis gesehen habe, bin ich ohnmaclitig zur Erde gefallen." Als die Konigstochter vom golde- 2o nen Dache das horte, ward sie getrostet, und ihr Herz ward ihiu geneigt, so dass sie gerne einwilligtc seine Gemahlin zu werden. Es trug sich aber zu, wahrend sie auf dem hohen Meere dahinfuhren, dass der getreue Johannes, als 25 er vornen auf dem Schiffe sasz uqd Musik machte, in der Luft drei Raben erblickte, die dahergeflogen kamen. Da horte er auf zu spielen und horchte was sie mit einander sprachen, denn er vcrstand das wohl. Die eine rief: "Ei, da fuhrt er die Konigstochter 30 vom goldenen Dache heim." "Ja," antwortete die zweite, "er hat sie noch nicht." Sprach die dritte : " Er hat sie doch, sie sitzt bei ihm im Schiffe." k Da fieng die erste wieder an und rief : " \v as hilft ihm DER TRFME JOHA.YNES, a; das? wenn sie ans Land kommen, wird ihm ein fuchsrotes Pferd entgegenspringen : da wird cr sich aufschwingen wollen. und tut er das, so sprengt es nm ihm fort und in die Luft hinein, dass er nimmer- mehr seine Jungfrau wieder sieht." Sprach die < zweite : " 1st gar keine Rettung ? " " Q ia wenn ein anderer schnell aufsitzt. das Feuergewehr,' das in den Halftern stecken muss, herau.nimmt und das Pferd damit totschiesst, so ist der junge Konig ge- rettei. Aber wer weiss das ? und wer's weiss und lo sagt s dim, der v rd zu Stein von den Fuszzehen bis zum Knie. Da sprach die zweite : - Ich weiss noch mehr, wenn das Pferd auch getotet wird, so behalt der junge Konig doch nicht seine Braut : wenn sie zusamnien ins Schloss kommen, so liegt dort ein ge- ic machtes Brautkleid in einer SchUssel, und sieht aus as war s von Gold und Silber gewebt, ist aber nichts als Schwefel und Pech : wenn er's antut, verbrennt es ihn bis auf Mark und Knochen." Sprach die antte : 1st da gar keine Rettung ? " " O ja " ant 20 wortete die zweite, " wenn einer mit Handschuhen das Hemd puckt und wirft es ins Feuer, dass es ver- brennt so ist der junge Konig gerettet. Aber was hilft s ! wer s vveiss und es ihm sagt, der wird halbes i^^> LeuK-s Stein vom Knie bis zum Herzcn ! " Da sprach 2c dje dritte : "Ich weiss noch mehr, wird das Braut- kleid auch vcrbrannt, so hat der junge Konig seine Braut doch noch nicht ; wen nach der Hochzeit der plotzhch erbleichen und wie tot hinfallen ; und hebt 30 SIC nicht einer auf und zieht aus ihrer rechten Brust drei Tropfen Bhit und speit sie wieder aus, so stirbt ' "■ ^"'^*«'' Mus c«icr, qer es weiss, so wird er ^.A^^A^, 28 GRIMI\rs MARCIIEN. ganzes Leibes zu Stein vom Wirbel bis zur Fusz- ^ehe. Als die Raben das mit einander gesprochen ha en, flogen sie weiter, und der getreue Johannes hatte alles wohl verstanden, aber von der Zeit an 5 war er still und traurig ; denn verschwieg er seinem Herrn, was er gehort hatte, so war dieser ungliick- hch : entdeckt. er es ihm, so musste er selbst sein Leben hingeben. Endlich aber sprach er bei sich : Meinen Herrn will ich retten, und sollf ich selbst lo daruber zu Grunde gehen."zl Als sie nun ans Land kamen, da geschah es, wie die Raben vorhergesagt batten, und es sprengte ein prachtiger fuchsroter Gaul daher. " Wohlan," sprach der Konig, "der soil mich in mein Schloss tragen " 15 und wollte sich aufsetzen, doch der getreue Johannes kam ihm zuvor, schwang sich schnell darauf, 2og das Gewehr aus den Halftern und schoss ihn nieder Da riefen die anderen Diener des Konigs, die dem treuen Johannes doch nicht gut waren : "Wie schand- -^o hch, das schone Tier zu toten, das den Konig in sein Schloss tragen sollte." Aber der Konig sprach : Schweigt und lasst ihn gehen, es ist mein getreu- ester Johannes, wer weiss, wozu das gut ist ' " Nun giengen sie ins Schloss, und da stand im Sal eine 2^ Schussel, und das gemachte Brautkleid lagdarinund sah aus nicht anders, als ware es von Gold und Sil- ber. Der junge Konig gieng darauf zu und wollte es ergreifen, aber der treue Johannes schob ihn wee packte es mit Handschuhen an, trug es schnell ins 30 Feuer und liess es verbrenncn. Die anderen Diener hengen wieder an zu murren vnd. sagten : " Seht nun verbrennt er gar des Konigs Brautkleid." Aber der juHj^e Konig sprach . "Wer weiss, wozu es gut « DER TREUE JOHANNES. 29 ist, lasst ihn gehen, es ist mein getreuester Johan- lies Nun ward die Hochzeit gefeiert : der Tanz hub an, und die Braut trat auch hinein, da hatte der treue Johannes Acht und schaute ihr ins Antlitz • auf einmal erbleichte sie und fiel wie tot zur Erde Da ? sprang er eilends hinzu, hob sie auf und trug sie in erne Kammer, da legte er sie nieder, kniete und sog die drei Blutstropfen aus ihrer rechten Brust und speite sie aus. Alsbald atmete sie wieder und er- holte sich, aber der junge Konig hatte es mit ange- 10 sehen, und wusste nicht, warum es der treue Johan- nes getan hatte, ward zornig daruber, und rief- "Werft ihn ins Gefangnis." Am anderen Morgen ward der treue Johannes verurteilt und zum Galgen gefuhrt, und als er oben stand und gerichtet werden ic sollte, sprach er : " Jeder der sterben soil, darf vor seinem Ende noch einmal reden, soil ich das Recht auch haben ? " " Ja," antwortete der Konig, " es soil dir vergonnt sein." Da sprach der treue Johannes : Ich bm mit Unrecht verurteilt und bin dir immer 20 treu gewesen," und erzahlte, wie er auf dem Meere das Gesprach der Raben gehort, und wie er, urn sei- nen Herrn zu retten, das alles hatte tun miissen. Da nef der Konig : "Q, mein getreuester Johannes, Gnade! Gnade! Fuhrt ihn herunter." Aber der 2^ treue Johannes war bei dem letzten Wort, das er e:e- redet hatte, leblos herabgefallen, und war ein Stein Dariiber trug nun der Konig und die Konigin groszes Leid, und der Konig sprach: " Ach, was hab >ch grosze Treue so ubel belohnt ! " und liess 30 das stemerne Bild aufheben und in seine Schlaf- , ; - --n o..ii, i>cic steiicn. So oft er es an- sah, wemte er und sprach ; " Ach, konnf ich dich T 30 GRIM APS MARC FIE IV. wieder lebendig machen, mein getreuester To- Cannes." Esgieng eine Zeit herum, da gebar die Konigm Zwilhhge, zvvei Scihnlein, die wuchsen her- an und waren ihre Freude. Einmal, als die Konigin 5 in der Kirche war und die zwei Kinder bei dem Vater saszen und spielten, sah dieser wieder das steinerne Bildnis voll Trauer an, seufzte und rief • Ach, konnt' ich dich wieder lebendig machen mem getreuester Johannes." Da fieng der Stein an 10 zu reden und sprach : '^ Ja, du kannst^ich wiede" lebendig machen, wenn du dein Liebstes daran- wenden willst." Da rief der Konig : -Alles was ich auf der Welt habe, will ich fUr dich hin^eben '' Sprach der Stein weiter : - Wenn du mit deiner 15 eigenen Hand deinen beiden Kindern den Kopf ab haust und mich mit ihrem Blute bestreichst, so er- halte ich das Leben wieder." Der Konig erschrak als er horte dass er seine liebsten Kinder selbsi toten sollte, doch dachte er an die grosze Treue und 20 dass der getreue Johannes fur ihn gestorben'war zog sein Schvvert und hieb mit eigener Hand den Kindern den Kopf ab. Und als er mit ihrem Blute den Stein bestrichen hatte, kehrte das Leben zurUck imd der getreue Johannes stand wieder frisch und 25 gesund vor ihm. Er aber sprach zum Konig Deine Treue soil nicht unbeloltnt bleiben," und nahm aie Haupter der Kinder, setzte sie wieder auf und bestrich die Wunde mit ihrem Blut : davon wurden sie im Augenblick wieder heil, und sprangen 30 herum und spielten fort, als ware ihnen nichts pe- schehen. Nun war der Konig voll Freude, und als er die Konigin kommen sah, verstecktc er den treuen Johannes und die hr-;H..« m\^a..^ -... . DEK TKF.CE JOHANNES. 31 groszen Schrank. Wie sie hereintrat, sprach er zu inr : Hast du gebetet in der Kirche ? " " Ja " ant vvortete sie, " aber ich habe bestandig an den treu- en Johannes gedacht, dass er so unglticklich durch uns geworden ist." Da sprach er : - Liebe Frau c wir kbnnen ihm das Leben wiedergeben, aber es kostet uns unsre beiden Sohnlein, die mussen wir opfern. Die Konigin ward bleich und erschrak im Herzen, doch sprach sie : '' Wir sind's ihm schuldig wegen seiner groszen Treue." Da freute er sich, lo dass sie dachte, wie er gedacht hatte, gieng hin und schloss den Schrank auf, und holte die Kinder und den treuen Johannes heraus und sprach : " Gott sei gelobt, er ist erlost, und unsere Sohnlein haben wir auch wieder," und erzahlte ihr, wie es sich alles zu- ic getragen hatte. Da iebten sie zusammen in Gluck- sehgkeit bis an ihr Ende. V. BRUDERCHEN UND SCHVVESTERCHEN. (No. 9.) Briiderchen nahm sein Schwesterchen an der Hand und sprach : - Seit die Mutter tot ist, haben vvir kerne gute Stunde mehr : die Stiefmutter schlnVt uns alle Tage, und wenn wir zu ihr kommen, stoszt 5 sie uns nut den Fiiszen fort. Die harten Brod- krusten, die tibrig bleiben, sind unsere Speise, und dem Hdndlein unter dem Tisch geht's besser : dem wirft sie doch manchmal einen guten Bissen zu Dass Gott erbarm', wenn das unsere Mutter wusste "' 10 Kornni', wir wollen mit einander in die weite Welt gehen. ' Sie giengen den ganzen Tag uber Wiesen, Felder und Steine, und wenn es regnete, sprach das Schwesterchen: "Gott und unsere Herzen, die wemen zusammen ! " Abends kamen sie in einen 15 groszen Wald und waren so mMe von Jammer Hunger und dem langen Weg, dass sie sich in einen hohlen Baum setzten und einschliefen. Am andern Morgen, als sie aufwachten, stand die Sonne schon hoch am Himmel und schien heiss in 20 den Baum hinein. Da sprach das Briiderchen : Schwesterchen, mich diirstct, wenn ich ein Brunn- iem wusste, ich eiene-' imd trhnt' ..i,. — 1 . :„t. _., . . BKUDJ'!^;« c 1 herein," unci sah, dafs d e xrw "'V''''' '"'^'' nlsbaid wiede. .uges^Motn ^.d " S'" T hielt das alles wohl in, c- ^ "^^8^^^ ^e- -rissir s;r.r c:^^^^^^^^^^^ - - .o.,^ das Biut ab. legte Kr.ur t "Id pT^h Rehchen a. M^rnthtLr dlfnl^Vf^V^ . " r.t:„xr rai^rr- •>-"--" terchen weinte ,md snrach 'it das verlass' ich nicht," Sprach der Kon.g: "tssoll bei dir bleiben, so lange du lebst, .0 und soil ,hm an nichts fehleo." Indem kam es heremgesprungen, da band es das Schwesterchen wiedcr an das Binsenseil, nahm es selbst in die Hand und g,eng mit ihm aus dem Waldhauschen fort Pffj Til "'''"". ^'^ ''''°'"' ^Mct.^^ auf sein ,5 fferd und fuhrte es m sein Schloss, wo ,'te Hochzeit die Frau Konigm und lebten sie lange Zeit vergnuw zusammen ; das Rehlein ward gehegt und gepflegt und sprang m dem Schlossgarten herum. Die boS .0 a.e mutter aber, um derentwillen die Kinder in die Welt hmemgegangen waren, die meinte nicht anders aJs Schwesterchen ware von den wilden Tieren im WaMe zerr^sen worden und Bruderchen als ein Reh- kalb von den Jagern totgeschossen. Als sie nun 2= horte, dass sie so gliiclclich waren, und es ihnen so wohl gieng, da wurden Neid und Missgunst in ihrem Her.en rege, und liessen ihr keine Ruhe, und sie hatte Icemen anderen Gedanken, als wie sie die bei- i'l T T '"' ^"S"""^ ''""S^" konnte. Ihre 30 rechte Tochter, die hasslich war wie die Nacht und Em Augeh^tte, die machte ihr Vorwurfe und -me Koiiigm zu werden, das GiUck hUtte sprac 38 CK/AfArs MARCHEN. ! ! bei der Hand spin " aTs "„ ^ J ' ?'"' "•'' '"^hon war, und die KBmVin ^" ^""' ''"■'•''ngerilckt 5 gebk,,. htte °"d^ It'y.^"""*'^ '^"•'^"-" -- Welt frau an, trat in die Stube wo d.e i^" ^''"'""•■'■' das wird end. Stn und ;"", ' k"!^""' 'l' '"''^• •o schwind, ehe es kalt wird " hr' Tnt ' ^"'"'"' ^'■ bei der Hand sie trL j- ^'''^''ter war aucli die Bads.r'uTd';rn t ^f^W '^"'^'" '" schlossen sie die TiircTb ..Th " ,'''*',^^-''""<= ■ dann Badstube aber h.» ''**'" '''''™"- In der ouotuue aoer liatten sie ein rechfee H,.ii t ter?Lt^f::r-r -^:„d'i ^"^ !>- --•'■ " und das AnselL d" K«n 2 n /""'' "'" ^'=^'--'" konnte sie il,r nicl^t v'edef SbeT '^^ "? ^"^-^ Kanig es nicht n,erkte, tLfe fe siSTf dt; '" legen, wo sie kein Auee liaMe A .u " ^^"^ K«nig heimkam und hdrte L, ^ ""^' '"'^ "^^^ '5 geboren war, freute er S' he "li^h"" 7 ':'""'^'" Bett zu seiner lieh^n p ' ""^'"^'' "nd woUte ans was Sie n,acirD:^7dr;;:;S,S '^.T.' <,« cr • • .^'^^ s^^en und muss Ru e hahpn " n Vltc und ^h schon igeriickt :iir Welt ler Jagd ammer- ag, und !t fertig, ben, ge- Eir auch ligin in : dann In der uer '^n- ild er- Toch- is Bett J^estalt Auge ?r der Seite Is der mlein e ans ehen, "Bei noch Der eine F, da Wiege sasz und allein noch wachtc, wie die Tilre aufgieng „nd die rechte Konigin Lreintr^t S L nahm das Kind aus der Wiege, ifgte es [^ i n Ar^ sem Kisschen, legte es wieder hinein und deckte e^ c nnt den. Deckbettchen zu. Sie vergasz ab^r .uch ' das Rehchen nicht, gieng in die Ecke wo eTlag" S stre^che Ite jlun iiber den Rucken. D^rauf gtng ' ganz stillschweigend wieder zur Tiir' hinaus und d e Kmderfrau fragte am andern Morgen die Wachte .o Ob jen.and wahrend der Nacht ins Ichloss gega len vvare^ aber s,e antwo.teten : '^ Nein, wir Imbfn me mandgesehen." So kam sie viele NUchte und 1" h niemals e„, Wort dabei ; die Kinderfrau sX Tie mimer, aber sie getraute sich nirJ.. \ V von zu sagen. ^ ^'^"''''"^ ^^'^""^ ''^- "o Als nun so eine Zeit verflossen war, da hub die Komg.n in der Nacht an zu reden und sprach "Was macht mein Kind ? Was macht mein Reh > Die Kinderfmu antvvortete ihr nicht, aber als sie wie der versCwunden war, gieng sie zun, Konig und er-' vvachen " A \ "'"''''"" ^"^"^^ ''«' ^em Kinde 2, aber «„, j^tt T"^ " ""'='' '" ""^ ^inderstube, ' und s;;ih ^'^™''^'" ^-hien die Konigi.. wiede; " N^ T"' ""'I ^""^ • ^^= ^^^' -"ein Reh ? JNuii komm' ich noch f.;„^„i .._j j.__ . mermehr." " """ """" """• ^» "w y ^W f 'L-^ ^M'" \ 40 6AYJ/.J/>.y MA/^c//E,V, M.^ a„.urede„, abe or >Ac.t *'!''""'' '*'•''' '"•-■'" Nacl.t. Sic .spr-cl, ,1:,::^:": ""<" ■" ^^ ""Senden 5 "Was ni.'icht incin ICinri ? vv,. • V . . ' • ^^'^^ mac ht mcin Roh ? ^u il.r.Mul .s,„acl, ,• 'MJ,, k-,n, 'f n f ' 'P""^ >o "Is .neinc liJbc K,nu .!',,""''; ""-'"'''"d anders sein ■>."<. 11 ail. Ua antwortute sic • " i„ ; 1 l)in dc-ino licbe Fran •• iinrl 1,.„» ■ 1 ' ^^' "^'' tb.rcl. Gottcs C;„. d 'h. . '" ''""' Augenblick fHsci,, rot , d ;: ' ,d d::^'^ ""iiT ^■'"•■"'-'' -« ni. den Freve,^,o:dt ^t::^^^^^ •5 an ilir voriibt batten. Dor K« niril . ", '"'"^'' sprochen ni^ T t. "" ''■''" ^rteil ge- 1 utnen. Uie Tochter ward in den W1IH „..t-u. -. SIC die wilden Tiere zerrissen di> Hefe " h ' ward ins Feuor o-oio.vf j wexe aber " brennen Und f ^ • '^ '""'=^'" jammervoll ver- vcrwardeUe'^ir^i ^ h dL Rehtt b^^'^'^^' ^"• seine menscblicbe Gest t : et? S^h':" t "f '' "nd Bruderchen aber lebten e Uckli'.h """ anihrEnde. ''"''=" &'"<=klichzusammen bis L VI. KONIG DROSSELBART. (No, 26.) Ein Konig hatte eine Tochter, die war Uber »ile Maszen schon, dabei aber so stob und liber' einen nach dem andern ab und triob noch da^u Spott m.""' ^''"^ ""'* ^'•''"'' ^eordnet : erst Kamen die Kon.ge, dann die HerzOge, die Fiirsten Graven und Freiher,,, zu.e.zt die Idiueute ""S ,0 ward d,e Kon.gstociUer durch die Reilien gefiihrt aber an jedem hatte sie etwas auszusetzen. Der eine war .hr zu dick : " Das Weinfass ! " sprach sie. Der Gw" 'n "f -^ "'^""^ """ "'''^''"^ hat keinen kd^re/h".'^.""^ '" ^''"- "^"'' ""'^ dick hat ,5 kern Geschiclc. Der vierte zu blass : " Der bleiche ' iod . Der funfte zu rot : " Der Zinshahn ! " Der h^el^'Z "'"'" «'"■'"' Senug: "Grunes Holz, einem H ^etrocknet." Und so hatte sie an e^nem jedcn etwas auszusetzen, besonders aber 20 niachte s,e s,ch uber einen guten Konig lustig, der ganz oben stand, und dem das Ki„„ .i„ ..1„L krumm gewachsen war. " Ei," rief sie und lachl* i 11 il if GRIMM'S MARCHEN: und'sek'dt z'Tvt' '" '"■°"'^' <""- Schnabel •• uer alte Kon.g aber, als cr sah, dass seine Tochter n chts tat als Uber die Leute spotten und alle FreieT 5 d.e da versammelt waren, verschmahte ward er E^n mf r "'^,^'"^";''- -■■ ^-ne Tare Icame. aem tensterzu singen, um damit ein gerinces Al Inn heraulkommen." Da trat der Spiel- Tr dem K '"" ^^'^"'"'^'g- ^leidern herein, fang vor dem Konig und seiner Tochter und bat ils ef ert,g war, um eine .nilde Gabe. Der Konig p^eh tocTter ers hrl^'ir r: 1 ""'•" ^'^ '^^"'^^- den Eid <,e„n H r. "'«^ '"Ste: "Ich habe " Jiid getan, dich dem ersten besten Bettelmnnn -u geben, den will id, auch halten." Es Im f ke^"" gieich mit dem Spielmann trauen lassen. Als das ■' h ni h^ r,^ nP^-'f "^^ ^^^-^ "Nun fchic: suh nicht, dass du als em Bettelweib noch lamrer ^ m memem Snhloss bleibst. du kannst nun mit deinfm 2$ Manne weiterziehen." "t,inem Der Bettelmann ftlhrte sie an der Hand hinaus und ste musste mit ihrn zu Fusz fortgehen Aisle da m einen groszen Wald kamen, fragte sie : " Ach, wem gehort der schone Wald ? " 30 "Der gehort dem Konig Drosselbart ; ^^ Hattst du'n genommen, so war' er dein " Ich arme Jungfer zart, Ach, hatf ich genommen den Konig Drossel. rt ! " KONIG DROSSELBART. 43 Darauf kamen sie iiber cine Wiese, da fragte sie vvieder : " Wem gehort die schone griine Wiese ? " " Sie gehort dem Konig Drosselbart ; Hattst du'n genommen, so war' sie dein." 5 " Jch arme Jungfer zart, Ach, hatt' ich genommen den Konig Drosselbart ! " Dann kamen sie durch eine grosze Stadt, da fragte sie wieder : *' Wem gehort diese schone grosze Stadt ? " 10 " Sie gehort dem Konig Drosselbart ; Hattst du'n genommen, so war' sie dein." " Ich arme Jungfer zart, Ach, hatt' ich genommen den Konig Drosselbart ! " "Es gefallt mir gar nicht," sprach der Spielmann, 15 dass du dir immer einen andern zum Mann wunsch- est, bin ich dir nicht gut genug?" Endlich kamen sie an ein ganz kieines Hauschen, da sprach sie : " Ach, was ist das Haus so klein ! Wem mag das elende winzige Hauschen sein ? " so Der Spielmann antwortete : " Das ist mein und dein Haus, wo wir zusammen wohnen." Sie musste sich bucken, damit sie zu der niedrigen Tur hineinkam. "Wo sind die Diener?" sprach die Konigstochter. ''Was Diener!" antwortete der Bettelmann, «du 25 musst selber tun, was du willst getan haben. Mach' ran- gleich Feuer an und stell' Wasser auf, dass du mir ein Essen kochst ; ich bin ganz mude." Die KOn^stochter verstand aber nichts vom Feueran- machen und Kociieu, und der Bettelmann musste 30 stiber mit Hand anlegen, dass es noch so leidlich 44 GKIMM'S MARCirEh\ t peng. Als sie die schmale Kost verzehrt liattcn legten sie sich zu Rett, aber an, Morgon trieb er sie schon ganz frUh heraus, well sie das Haus besorgen some Ein par Tage lebten sie auf diese Irt 5 schlecht und recbt, und zehrten ihren Vorrat auf Da sprach der Mann : "Frau, so gehfs nicht langer dass w.r Iner zehren und nichts verdienen, Du soils Korbe flechten " Er gieng aus, schnitt Weiden und brachte s.e he.m : da fieng sie an zu flechten, aber wund, ^ Ich sehe, das geht nicht," sprach der Mann, spmn heber, vielleicht kannst du das besser " Sie setzte s.ch hin und versuchte zu spinnen, aber der harte Faden schnut ihr bald in die weichen Fineer 15 dass das Blut daran herunterlief. " Siehst du " sprach der Mann, "du taugst .u keiner Arbeit, m'it dir bm ich schhmm angekommen. Nun will ich's versftchen und einen Handel mit Tcipfen und irdenem Geschirr anfangen : du soUst dich auf den Markt .0 setzen und die Ware feilhaken." " Ach," dachte sie wenn auf den Markt Leute aus meines Vaters Reich kommen und sehen mich da sitzen und feil- ha ten, wie werden sie mich verspotten ! " Aber es half nichts, sie musste sich fUgen, wenn sie nicht 25 Hungers sterben wollten. Das erste Mai gieng's eut 1™" fh' w""' 'T*'"" ^'^ ^^^' ^"' ^'« -hfn lar,' gem hre Ware ab und bezahlten, was sie forderte • ja, viele gaben ihr das Geld und liessen ihr die Topfe noch dazu. Nun lebten sic von dem Erworbenen, 30 so lang es dauerte, da handel.. der Mann wieder einc Menge neues Geschirr ein. Sie setzte sich an eine Sl%''-'f *l'^'^!«=^ ""'i ^'e"'« «« •"" sich her und ua. Kaui plotzlich ein trunkener Husar Cii. 5 KOA'IG DKOSSP.I.BAKT. 45 clahergejagt und ritt gerade in die Topfe liinein diss ailes .n tausend Scherbcn .ersprang. Sie fieT;„Tu wejnen und wusste vor Angst n'icht^as sie Xg „ sollte. • Ach, w.e wird mir's ergehen ! " rief sie " w-xs w.rd mem Mann dazu sagen ? " Sie lief heim u'nd er zahlte ,hm das UnglUck, " Wer setzt sich auch an die Mann "1 "^'"' ""'' "^'"'"^ '^'=^^'"- ' " ^P-^h der Mann, "lass' nur das Weinen, ich selie wohl, du bist zu kemer ordentlichen Arbeit .u gebrauchen. Da bfn tef ;,nH "' ut' ""' KUchenmagd brauchen koL ten, und s.e haben m.r versprochen, sie wollten dich dazu nehmen : dafur bekommst du freies Essen " Nun ward die Konigstochter KUchenmagd, musste dem Koch zur Hand gehen und die sauerl; aS ,5 tun S,e machte sich in beiden Seitentaschen ein Topfchen fast, darin trug sie nach Hauso, was Z von dem ubnggebliebenen .u Toil ward, u;d davon nahr en s.e s;ch. Einstmals sollte die Hochzeit des altesten Komgssohnes gefeiert werden, dagieng die « arme Frau hinauf, stellte sich vor die' SaUUre^J^d wa in '"h ""' °"" '"^ ^'^'''- angezUndet waren und immer Einer schoner als der andere her- emtrat, und alles voll Pracht und Herrlichkeit Tr da dachte s.e mit betrUbtem Herzen an ihr SchT'k: ,, sal und verwanschte ihren Stolz und Obermut der Von den kosthchen Speisen, die da ein- und aus^e- , .agen wurden, warfen ihr die Diener manchmTdn wo lt!^ifr- ?■ "" '-'" ^" '" '"^ Topfchen und 30 hatte ^nlP "T- '" "^'"^ "'"* '^"^•^ gekleidet und hatte goldene Ketten um den Hals, und als er die 46 CRIXfArs Af^^A^'/f/iAT. I^and, an welchem die Tasrhon . ' ""' Tiinf^ r. >i 1 laschen hiengen, und die es wieder der Ko„ g Dr<" seTb^r t ""■""' ^™^ treritten Inf hi„ i i V ^"I'^'' otzwei- sch"he,^ 1' H ■''"^■'' ^"™''^"- ""^ •■'"<•■» i« ge- ct liast. Da iveintc sic bitterlich und .nirte . .. r'L ^5 liabe grosses Unrecht getan „„d bfn St Je' ueine Fran zii «;f>in " c^ i , "'t-m wert i lau zu scm. Er aber sniaclf : " TiosfP h;..k nLt •: ^L'"' B 'T^ ^ ^•-' -'en ::<:. itet: 3o Va Jta^'L L'^;: :f -; '^'f - an, und i,. G.«c. .u ib... ve™^::; ""dr^^^trss!^; bar , und die rechte Frcude fieng jetzt er f on L' wollte du und ich vi- -" "*> J^tzt erst an. Ich u"i. icn, ^,l. ,varen audi dabei gewesen. VII. SNiacwirrcHEN. (No. 27.) Es war cinmal mitten im Winter, iind die Schnee- flocken fielen wie Federn vom Ilimniel henib, da sasz cine Konigin an einem Fenster, das einen Rah- men von schwarzem Ebenholz hatte, tind niihte. Und wie sie so njihte und nach dem Schnee aufblicicte, 5 stach sie sich mit der Nadel in den Finger, und cs fielen drei Tropfen Blut in den Schnee. Und weil das Rote im weissen Schnee so schon aussah, dachte sie bei sich : '* Hlitt' ich ein Kind so weiss wie Schnee, so rot wie Bhit und so schwarz wie das IIolz an dem 10 Rahmen." Bald darauf bekam sie ein Tochterlein, das war so weiss wie Schnee, so rot wie Blut und so schwarzharig wie Ebenholz, und ward darum das Sneewittchen (Schneeweisschcn) genannt. Und wie das Kind geboren war, starb die Konigin. 15 Ober ein Jahr nahm sich dor Konig cine andere Gemahlii . Es war cine schnne Frau, aber sie war stolz und iibermiitig und konnte nicht leiden, dass sie an Schonheit von jemand sollte iibertroffen wer- den. Sie hatte einen wunderlichen Spiegel, wenn 20 '-'- sie vor den trat und sich darin beschaute, sprach siel ~'i'""& ; • -j-sv giv Jtl till Uwi TT tiliU, Wer ist die schtinste im ganzen Land ? " \ i 7l 48 CAVAfAf\<; MAh^ct/E!sr, '"Hi d;i nntuoitctc der Spiegel ran Konigin, ihr scid die scl I< N »!" war sic zufricdcn, den n sie lonste im usste, Land. ■ i* ^v«| U 10 Spiegel die Wahrheit sagte 5 Sneewittchen aber wiiclis herin nnrT schdner, und als es siebe j1?, " '^ """^''* gm sclbst. Als diese einnial ihren Spiegel fragte : "Spieglein,SpiegleinanderWand, VVeristdieschonsteimganzenUnd?" so antwortete or : A e, Sncewmchen ist tauscndn.al scho„;- als il.r " hasstc sic das Madcl^-a uld de N^ T, d'",';"' ?" » ~ nt:;;r;ie;i„e: J^ "-"r^"" ^^•'" '-^"'"^ das kind hniaus ,n den Wald, id, w IPs nicht mrhr vor>ne,nen Angen sel.en. Du sollst es tenT, H n- runge und Leber .,„, Wa.,r.eicl.e„" i ^r " :' <"'" Hirschf anger gezogen liattc und Sneewiff Chens unschuldiges Herz durcl,boi,ren wollt" Z'l" esan ,„ ,veinen nndspraeh: "Ach, liebe 7 ge'r 3 m.r mem Leben. ich will in den Wald h,T^' ^ ^ "•m.nennehr wieder heimkomme" " LT ^ u - ->ar, M„av. dc, Jagei Mjtieiden und sprach: y ^f^EEWlTTCirEI^. 49 "So lauf liin, (111 urnies Kind." "J)i(; wildi'ii Ticrc wcrclcn dicli biild gofrcsscii luibcn," djichtc cr, und doch war's ilini, Jils wKre cin Stein von seincm llcr/cn gewUlzt, well er es nicht /u toten brauclitc. Und als gcradc cin jungcr Frischling dalicr gesprungcn kam, 5 stach cr ihn ab, nahm Lunge und Leber heraus und brachte sic als Wahrzeichen der K(")nigin mit. Dcr Koch musste sic in Salz kochen, und das boshaftc Weib asz sic auf und meinte, sic hiittc Sncewittchens Lunge und Leber gcgesscn. 10 Nun war das armc Kind in dem groszen Wald mut- terseligallein, und ward ihm so angst, dass es alle Blatter an den Biiumen ansah und nicht wusste, wic es sich helfen sollte. Da fieng es an zu laufen und lief Uber die spitzen Stcine und durch die Dornen, 15 und die wilden Tiere sprangen an ihin vorl^, aber sie taten ihm nichts. Es lief so langc nur die Fdsze noch fort konntcn, bis es bald Abend wcrdcn wolltc, da sah es ein klcines Hauschen undgienghinein, sich zu ruhen. In dem Hauschen war alles klein, aber 20 so zierlich und rcinlich, dass es nicht zu sagen ist. Da stand ein weissgedecktcs Tischlein mit siebcn kleinen TeHern, jedes Tellerlcin mit seinem Loffelein, ferner sieben Messerlcin imd Giiblein und siebcn Becherlein. An dcr Wand warcn siebcn Bettlcin 25 neben einander aufgestcllt und schnecweisse Lakcn dartiber gedeckt. Sneewittchcn, well es so hungrig und durstig war, asz von jedem Tellerlcin ein wcnig GemUs und Brot, und trank aus jcdem Becherlein einen Tropfen Wcin ; denn es wollte nicht Einem 30 allein alles wegnehmcn. Hernach, vveil es so miide war.. leD"te es sich in ein Bcttchen. abor keins nasstc ! das eine war zu lang, das anderc zu kurz, bis endlich so G!iIMM\<; MARCHEN. ■ 5^ie in den Berge^TacTEt' :Xf ^" "^''■•«'=' Sie ziindeten ihrc sieben Til.?, """^ ^""''«n- "-hel, in, Hauslein :Ld : t '" ""'/"' ""= ^^ darin gewescn war den7 o: . ^ '"' ''■•'=' ^'""''"d der Ordnung, vvie sie es "eriLlTh ^r'' ■''"" ~ '" 10 sprach • " Wer ho. r vcriassen hatten. Der erste Oer .weite " Werhat"""*"" ''"'"^•'''" ^— " '' gessen > ■• Der ^.S.^:" Zlr7^l^ '■'"^""^" ^^- chen genommen ? " n^, " ^^m^m Br.it- ™einem Gen,„sche„ geges en- 'n 'T!: ''^' ™" '5 Imt mit meinem Gabflchen " ■. P'^'''""'^^ "Wer te ■• "Wer hat mit mZ^^^Z ^'^ ' " ^^' =«^''^- Der siebente : " w" w" Messerchen geschnitten ?" trunken ? " Dann sah k' ?"""" "<=-herlei„ ge- dassaufseinerBeutnneitoT """ ""^ -"' »° er : " Wer hat in mein Bettrhl ^''''' ''^ ^P™'^'' dern ka.en gelaufen^'lTrtr "C '• ^'^ ''"- audi jemand gelegen " Der ! k ' "'^'"^m hat ?ein Bett sah erb^ckte il ?'" ^'''"■' "'^ «■■ '" und schhef. Nun rie er di f'''"' ""' ''-« ^arin ^5 l>eigelaufen und schrLn v v ''"■"' ''''' '''""«" her- ihre sieben LichileTn "nd bet ^r""''^""^' '^""«" hatten so grosze Freud^ dL '"'' ^^''°""' ""d ten, sonde™ in, Bettlet Z Z J "'"''' '"''^'^^- 3o siebente Zwerg abt hhef t" """"• ^^^ ieden. Eine Stl,de, da^wfEt St hr"^"' •'^' Als es Moro-Pn „. ^xacht herum. „^ wie es die!i:;rz: :g:r !:l.Sneewittchen, und SMEE wittchen; 51 aber freundlich und fragten : " wie heisst du?" "Ich heisse Sneewittchen," antwortete es. "Wie bist du in unser Haus gekommen?" sprachen weiter die Zwerge. Da erzahlte es ihnen, dass seine Stiefmut- ter es hatte wollen umbringen lassen, der Jager hatte 5 ihm aber das Leben geschenkt, und da ware es ge- laufen den ganzen Tag, bis es endlich ihr Hauslein gefunden hatte. Die Zwerge sprachen: "Willst du unsern Haushalt versehen, kochen, betten, waschen, nahen und stricken, und willst du alles ordentlich 10 und reinlich halten, so kannst.du bei uns bleiben, und es soil dir an nichts fehlen." "Ja," sagte Snee- wittchen, "von Herzen gem," und blieb bei ihnen. Es hielt ihnen das Haus in Ordnung : morgens giengen sie in die Berge und suchten Erz und Gold, 15 abends kamen sie wieder, und da musste das Essen bereit sein. Den Tag uber war das Madchen allein, da warnten es die guten Zwerglein und sprachen : " Hutc dich vor deiner Stief mutter, die wird bald wissen, dass du hier bist ; lass' ja niemand herein." 20 Die Konigin aber, nachdem sie Sneewittchens Lunge und Leber glaubte gegessen zu haben, dachte nicht anders als sie ware wieder die erste und aller- schOnste, trat vor ihren Spiegel und sprach : " Spieglein, Spieglein an der Wand, Wer ist die schonste im ganzen Land?" Da antwortete der Spiegel : " Frau Konigin, ihr seid die schonste hier, Aber Sneewittchen iiber den Bergen Bei den sieben Zwergen Ist noch tausendmal schoner als ihr." 25 n 30 52 GRfMArS MAkCIfEN. «ar. Und da sann und sann sie aufs neue wie sle S cs mnbringen wollte ; dcnn so lange sie ni'rh H una net . Schonc Ware feil ' feil I » «2«« •.. , gucktc zum Fenstcr heraus und rief : ^Guten Ta^ hebe Frau was habt ihr zu verkaufe1^?' "J^f' '5 Ware, schone Ware," antwortete sie "Sri nn • =»HX;:r= "-/£=» kann c , heremlassen," dachte Sneewittchen rie Jke d-e fur auf und kaufte sich den luibschen sZ -nemen. .-Kind." sprach die K^T^^^tnZ A*. . ' "^^^ ^^"1 Sneewittchon H^i- Atem verg,eng, und es fiir tot hinfiel/ " Nu„ bis[ -. ci f "''v ''■'"*^'' '^■'"■*"f' ^-^ Abendzeit, kamen die als s,e ,hr l.ebes Sneewittchen auf der Erde lie^e, es tot. Sie hoben es in di^ ti-k^ .._-. ., '. ^^ " ■ ■-^"■-' """ vvxii sie sahen, SNEB py/rrc/iE.v. 53 dass es zu fest geschniirt war, schnitten sie den Schntlrriemen entzwei : da fieng cs an ein wenig zu atmcn und ward nach und nach wieder lebendig Als die Zwerge horten, was geschchen war, sprachen sie : *• Die alte Kriiniorfrau war niemand als die gott- 5 lose Konigin : hiite dich und lass' keincn Mcnschen herein, wenn wir nicht bei dir sind." Das hose Weib aber, als es nach Ilause gekomrnen war, gieng vor den Spiegel und fragte : "Spieglein, Spieglein an der Wand, 10 VVer ist die schonste im ganzen Land ? " Da antwortete er wie sonst : " Frau Konigin, ihr seid die schonste hier, Aber Sneewittchen iiber den Bergen Bei den sieben Zwergen Ist noch tausendmal schoner als ihr." Als sie das hortc, lief ihr allcs Blut zum Herzen, so erschrak sie, denn sie sah wohl, dass Sneewitchen wieder lebendig geworden war. " Jetzt," sprach sie, '' will ich etwas aussinnen, das dich zu Grunde richten 20 soil," und mit Hexenkiinsten, die sie verstand, machte sie einen giftigen. Kamm. Dann verkleidete sie sich und nahm die Gestalt eines andorn altcn Weibes an. So gieng sie hin uber die sieben Berge zu den sieben Zwergen, klopfte an die TUre und rief : " Gute Ware 25 fell! fell!" Snee 'ttchen schaute heraus und sprach .• " Geh' nur ./eiter, ich darf niemand herein- lassen." " Das Ansehen wird dir doch erlaubt sein " sprach die Alte, zog den giftigen Kamm heraus und hielt ihn in die Hohe. Da gefiel er dem Kinde 30 so gut, dass es sich betoren liess und die Ture ^" IS 54 CKIMArS MARCIfEN-. Al.c. •>!„„ will k:1, did, cinmal ordentlich k;im. men. Dasarnic Sncewittchcn dachtc an nichts und l|ess die altc gewatircn, abcr kaum hatte sie den 5 Kamm u, die Ila.o gcsteckt, als das Gift darin w.rk.e „„, ih^ ,.. . ._ji..i , . •".". «u . cuuucii reaete er ihn an und sprach : " Euch gehfs wohl, weil ihr 64 GRIMM'S MARC HEN. lO SO lustig bei eurem Schle'fen seid." "Ja," ant- wortete der Scherenschleifer, "das Handwerk hat einen giildenen Boden. Ein rechter Schleifer ist ein Mann, der, so oft er in die Tasche greift, auch Geld darin findet. Aber wo habt ihr die schone Gans ge- kauft?" ''Die hab' ich niclit gekauft, sondern fiir mein Schwein eingetauscht." " Und das Schwein ? " "Das hab' ich fiir eine Kuh gekriegt." "Und die Kuh?" "Die hab' ich fur ein Pferd bekommen." " Und das Pferd ? " " Daf iir hab' ich einen Kliimpen Gold, so grosz als mein Kopf, gegeben." " Und das Gold ? " " Ei, das war mein Lohn fUr sieben Jahre Dienst." "Ihr habt euch jederzeit zu helfen ge- wusst," sprach der Schleifer, " konnt ihrs nun dahin 15 bringen, dass ihr das Geld in der Tasche springen hort, wenn ihr aufstcht, so habt ihr euer GlUck ge- macht." "Wie soil ich das anfangen ? " sprach Hans. " Ihr miisst ein Schleifer werden, wie ich ; dazu gehort eigentlich nichts, als ein Wetzstein, das 20 andere findet sich schon von selbst. Da hab' ich einen, der ist zwar ein wenig schadhafi, daf iir sollt ihr mir aber auch weiter nichts als cure Gans geben ; wollt ihr das?" "Wie konnt ihr noch fragen ? " antwortete Hans, "ich w^rde ja zum gliicklichsten Menschen auf Erden : habe ich G Id, so oft ich in die Tasche greife, was brauche . ich da langer zu sorgen ? " reichte ihm die Gans hin und nahm den Wetzstein in Empfang. " Nun," sprach der Schleifer und hob einen gewohnlichen schweren Feldstein, 30 der neben ihm lag, auf, *'da liabt ihr noch einen tiichtigen Stein dazu, auf dem sich's gut schlagen iHsst und ihr cure alten Nagel gerade klopfen konnt. Nehmt hin und hebt ihn ordentl ci* auf." 25 J S HANS JM CLUCK. 65 ' Hans lud den Stein auf und gieng mit vergniigtem Herzen weiter : seine Augen leuchteten vor Freude : •* Ich muss in einer GlUckshaut geboren sein," rief er aus, *'alles was ich wlinsche, trifft mir ein, wie einem Sonntagskind." Indessen, weil er seit Tages- 5 anbruch auf den Beinen gewesen war, begann er miide zu werden : auch plagte ihn der Hunger, da er alien Vorrat auf einmal in der Freude iiber die erhandelte Kuh aufgezehrt hatte. Er konnte end- lich nur mit Mtihe weiter gehen und musste jeden 10 Augenblick Halt machen ; dabei druckten ihn die Steine ganz erbarmlich. Da konnte er sich des Ge- dankens nicht erwehren, wie gut es ware, wenn er sie gerade jetzt nicht zu tragen brauchte. Wie eine Schnecke kam er zu einem Feldbrunnen ge- 15 schlichen, wollte da ruhen und sich mit einem frischen Trunk laben ; damit er aber die Steine im Niedersitzen nicht beschadigte, legte er sie bedachtig neben sich auf den Rand des Brunnens. Darauf setzte er sich nieder und wollte sich zum Trinken 20 biicken, da versah er's, stiess ein klein wenig an, und beide Steine plumpten hinab. Hans, als er sie mit seinen Augen in die Tiefe hatte versinken sehen, sprang vor Freuden auf, kniete dann nieder und dankte Gott mit Triinen in den Augen, dass er ihm 25 auch diese Gnade noch erwiesen und ihn auf eine so gute Art und ohne dass er sich einen Vorwurf zu machen brauchte, von den schweren Steinen befreit hatte : das einzige ware ihm nur noch hinderlich ge- wesen. "So gUicklich wie ich," rief er aus, "gibtjo es keinen Menschen unter der Sonne." Mit leichtem Herzen und frei von aller Last sprang er nun fort. bis er daheim bei seiner Mutter war. -^.- NOTES ASCHENPUTTEL. P. 1, 1. I. Eincm reichen Manne, etc., 'A rich aan's wife fell .11 ; the dat. has tho ^orce of the gen.-dem is here demonstr., aot rel., as ^hown by the verb bcnng in the second place, not at the end. (See App. T., § 5.) This nse is > ry frequent in the collo( ial style of thet>e M&rchen 1. 2. her inkam. Verb last, because aass is . uord. conj. in- troducing a dep. sent Obs. the use of the prefix her to indicate mo- Hon towards the subj. of the verb (so in herabblicken below). 1. 3. einzig«.8, the only one she had. See Gloss, under einzig and einzeln.- -su sich ans Bett, • to her bedside. '_zu indicates the motion to i\iQpers,, an to the aing. 1. 4. so wird dir, ei ., -and God will, etc.;' so here indicates consequence, but it is coo) 1, not subord. conj., a. shown by the posi- tion of the verb in the second place. , See App. I. , § 5. '» It very often introduces a princ. sent, when a conditional or othe subord. sent, prec^ ies, and must then generally remain untranslated ( \ m I ft 10 (a). note.)-der liebe Gott, the dear God. Guu who is {?Jod. A favorite way of speakin^r of the deity in German. 1. 6. auf dicb, ar , motion to (so auf das Grab, below),— um dich, 'about you,' car you.' 1. 8. jeden Tag, ace. v time.— der vlutter, 'of he: mother' The def. art. often replaces the poss. adj. when ther. can be no doubt as to the possessor. 1. 12. nahm sich, 'took to himself. '—sich, dat. 1. 14. mit, 'along with *r.* 1. i<;. die schSn, etc. Here, of course, die is rel. pron., the verb u_:„. "cxx«ij liwi, as ine seiu. is sub rci (App. L, § ra.) 68 ASCHENPVrTEL. P. I, 1. i6. gieng ... an, 'began, commenced.' 1. i8. bci uns, • with us,' in our presence or company. 1. 19. wer Brot esscn will, 'she who would eat bread;' wer is here compound rel., including both rel. and antec. ; it throws H... verb to the end, like a simple rel. ; the subj. of muss p» the begin- n.ng of the next sent, is the antec. der (or rather, in his case, die) contained in wer.-hinaus mit, « out with.' elliptical use of the adv.. as m Lng., similar to an imperative. 1. 20. Sie nahmen ihm, etc. ; ihm is neut., referring to Stief- kind; transl. 'her,' as throughout the Tale, where it lates to the neut. proper name. on^er'^" "^ ****" ^^"™-»»' 'inflicted every imaginable an.H.yance 1. 5. schttttetcn Ihm, etc., 'for her, to spite her;' ihm is here . I. 16 es Uge; here again, dass beh,g omitted, the constr is that of^a^pnnc. sent, (verb second), but with ...e „,*; mood. ^X J\ ;r '^ "Vi^f ""'"'• '''" ^y "-^ •'""'J; ' '•"» die Hand -(1 2i,'":.xtr/r- "'™- -' '-' - '-p- ^*' «« anj »e ^e'T'he"" "''-'*""—'. '"o' would he dance vritb NOTES. 71 (lotio'n to, .u Hau .="rh:„;:rHL7ri'' «"»«=•"<'-■ as prop, names of places. '' """ '"''" "■= ^™^ P'^P^- 2 H- ich g.he mi., etc., 'I shall go,' etc. , pres. for f„t. frequent J.^24. er won., s.hen ; • he desired to see' (different from -would oJutfd. 'l;: „e-„s; onr r-sprrtcn'^' ™"'- "'* ""' Hon. spnngen, as neut. verb of mo- 1. 29. solltees. . . sein? 'could it be ?» 1. 31. damit ; here subord. conj. kaL'n'j'prec':^, •;""="'--'''■ °" ^ ' "' "'P- -t (.„_ denn': ctrf n"""'",",; 'f «>« ^^'-neyplaee. on the hearth.'- .. ; --'Ktre t;2L^:rd:^L':.:r"^^°"''• .e^ashes, though we wouM ^a.inC'rihrrer.riu! i": r':ch-Kr;"'a'ar'"^°"i"^»^"' <-pp>x ««.ange„,. ^^^ nocB Kletd. a dress, much more magnificent still than ■ 1. 20. gleich, 'at once.' I. 21. nurallein, 'only.' ' exclusively ;'= ganz allein h 1 .aj SomTorh^;T-T— ■ :-^^^^^^^^ ... .„,. .„.. i- 32. 1st mir entwischt. ' has p<;nr,Ari r«^ > ir u gov. dat.-ich glaube es ist et^ n ^^^^^^^^P- wUhent- 72 ASCHENPUTTEL. P. 7, 1. 2. Hess . . . holen, 'sent for,' obj. of lassen understood, those who were to fetch, etc. ; sich is here what is called the ethical dat., and is not to be trans. 'The dat. of the pers. pron. ... is ^simetimes used, to denote in a familiar manner an interest or partici- pation of feeling on the part of the person speaking or spoken to.' (AUE, Larger Grammar, § 358.) This is also a common use of the dat. in Greek and Latin. 1. 5. wiesonstauch, 'just as usual,' lit. 'as on other occasions also.' 1. 15, so pr&chtig — hatte, 'more splendid and brilliant than any,' etc., lit. ' so splendid as she had yet had none.' 1. 19. vor Verwunderung, ' for astonishment '--vor here indicates cause. 1. 21. einer, 'anybody' (=jemand), here used as subst. (pron.), hence with strong term. — er. 1. 27. hatte . . . bestreichen lassen, 'had ordered to be be- smeared (or painted), etc, ; ' the inf. lassen here takes *he place of the past part., as with all aux. verbs of mood in the comp. tenses, when a governed inf. precedes. 1. 28. als es hinabsprang, 'as she was running down.' — war . . . hangen geblieben, ' had stuck fast ' (lit. ' remained hang- ing '). 1. 30. hob ihn auf, i.e., the slipper, Pantoffel being masc. P. 8, 1. 6. konnte — hinein kommen, 'couldn't get her great toe in' (lit. 'couldn't get in with,' etc.). 1. 9. wann = wcnn ; wann is generally interrog. adv. — so brauchst, etc., so is simply redundant conj., not to be trans. 1. 14. mussten vorbei (gehen). 1. 15. da saszen ; da is redundant, not to be trans. 1. 18. Schuck, Low-Germ, for Schuh. ^ % 1. 24. das wSre, etc., 'that was not the right one;' conj. dass omitted ; the neut. pron. das before the verb, referring to a fem. subj. See Gloss., das and es. 1. 25. sollte . . . anziehen, ' was to put on ' (command). — diese, * the latter' (die andere Schwester). 1. 26. kam — Schuh, ' succeeded in getting her toes into the shoe ' (lit. 'got successfully into, etc., with her toes'). P. 9, 1. 10. und an den weissen — heraufgestiegen war, ' had risen up on her white stockings, making quite a red stain,' lit. 'risen up red on her,' etc. NOTES. 73 P. 9, 1. 13. das ist auch nicht die rechte, ' that's not the right one either.' 1. 16. ein kleines verbuttetes A., ' a little dwarf of a Cinder- ella.' 1. 20. darf— lassen, 'dare not show herself,' lit. 'let herself be seen,' or 'let (anyone) see her.' 1. 21. Er wollte— sehen, ' he however insisted on seeing her,' lit. ' would see her by all means.' 1. 23. sich . . . H&nde, etc., '^»»!^ as in Eng. 1. 12. biieben da sitzen ; bleiben is followed by the inf., instead of the pres. part, as in Eng. 1. 13. sollte gehalten werden. This being a subord. sent, (introd. by als), we should expect the verb (sollte) last ; with aux. verbs of mood, however, the verb may precede the part, and inf. ; and must precede both infinitives in the past compouwl tenses ; as : er sagte mir, dass er es babe tun milssen (not: tun mflssen babe), 'he told me that he had beer; obliged to do if ' (See App, I., § 15.) 1. 15. wollten sich einschmeicheln, 'tried to curry favor,' lit. ' to insinuate themselves into favor by flattery ' 5 WtlS^Ti here expres- ses the desire or attempt. 1. 16. die Brautleute, 'the bridal pa;.,' bride and groom' (no sing.). 1. 17. zur rechtcn, aur linken, supply Stite or Hand. 74 ROTKA PPCHEN. P. ic, 1. i8. ciner jeden, etc., • picked out one of the eyes of each ;' einer jeden is dat. with das Auge, instead of gen. (Comp. the use of the dat, pers. pron. and def. art. for the post, adj., above, p. 2, 1. 17, and note.) 1. 22. Und waren sie, etc. ; und seldom comes after a period, ex- cept in colloquial usage, in which it may, as in the present instance, throw the subj. after the verb ; usually, a copulative conj. does not count as a member of a sent. 1. 23. auf ihr \ebtag, ' for life ; ' auf with ace. in reference to a future period of time. ROTKAPPCHEN. P. II, 1. I. einmal, 'once upon a time;' 1. 4. below, einmal, *on one occasion.' — Dime, 'maid;' generally used of a servant-maid, or disrespectful'y, but not so here. — die hatte, etc., *of whom every- one was fond, whom everybody loved;' die is demonstr., hence the verb precedes its subj. jedermann. 1. 2. am allerliebsten, etc., 'but her grandmother was fonder of her than anyone else ' (lit. 'fondest of all'); supply hatte sie. — lieb haben = ' to love. ' See Gloss. 1. 3. was alles, 'what ever,' 'what to give her at all j' i.e... she could never give her enough. 1. 5. KSppchen von, etc., von here indicates the material, 1. 6. so wohl stand, 'was so becoming.' 1. 7. hiess es nur, etc., 'she was always called, people never called her anything but Little Red Ridinghood (Little Redcap).' 1. g. StUck Kuchen, etc. ; these words of measure have the word measured usually in apposition, and do not change in the pi., exc. ferns, in — e, as : zwei Stflck Kuchen, but drei Flaschen Wein. 1. 10. der Qroszmutter, dat. of advantage. 1. II. sei — artig, 'but behave nicely and properly.' 1. 12. guck' — herum, 'don't begin peeping around into all the cor- ners at once when (as soon as) you get into the room.' 1. 13. guten Morgen, ace, gov. by ich wtlnsche understood. ATOTES. 75 p. XI, 1. 15. sonst milst du, ^or else you will fall;' pres. for fut 1. 17. Ich will schon, etc., 'I shall be sure to, will not fail to '1 gut, adv., 'well.' 1. 18. gab-darauf, 'gave her mother her hand on it,' as a pledge sLlt ^t'TT '" ^^^'*' '°"^ ^" '^' forest.'-eine halbe Stunde, half an hour's walk.-Stunde is the commonest measure of distance m Germany, and means as far as one can walk on foot in an of timt (ir eT' .'sT ^'^" ' ^^^="^^ ''-' -' ^"^^-" ^^^^^^ I 22 was das fflr, etc., 'what a wicked beast he was;' was fttr of en has other words dividing it ; das is indef. pron. neut thoul referring to the masc. Woif. ^ ' ^^ P. 12. 1. 2. schSnen Dank, 'thank you kindly. ' 1. 3. VVohinaus, 'whither away.' 1. 5. gestern haben wir gebacken, ' we had a baking vesterday • ' the perf ,n Germ, indicates an action that has taken plac; in a de'f etc.) , m Eng we do not so use it.-da soil, etc.; da here indicate consequence ' and so.' soil-tun, ' is to have a treat.' to the fo^t ^ ''"'' "'"" '' ^"' ^""'" °^ "^ '^°"^'^ ^^^^ ^"^^her in- 1. 10. unten, ' below it (lower down).' 1. II. das wirstduja, etc., ja = ' no doubt, of course.' 1. 13. das 1st, redundant pron. 1. 14. dumusst-anfangen, 'you must go about it craft' V' low ' '^Th fi '^"'"•' ■ "" '''^' '' ' ^''^^^^"^PP^t. ' ^-y snap up, swal- low. The prefix er_gjves the force of ' succeed in snapping up.' 1. 17. sieh emmal, etc., 'just look at.' ^t- s f 1. 19. wie . . . so lieblich ; so is redundant 1. 20. du gehst-hin, 'why. you just go straight ahead ;' fttr dich mn=vor dich bin. 1. 2L und ist, etc. 7>.: subj. es is to be supplied as preceding the verb ist.-hausstn, Juiectic, =hier aussen. ' out here.' 1. 22. schlug . . . auf, 'raised.' dolnV **'" ""*^ ^*'^' ^^''" '"^"^ s'^Wi^g hither and thither (up and 1. 24- alles—stand, 'all was full cf, etc.' I 25. wenn, 'what if.' 1^ ROTKAPPCHEN. " P. la, i. 26. auch, 'too,' i.e., as well as the cake, etc. 1. 27. doc;h, 'still, anyway.' 1. 30. stilnde, subjunctive, after meinen, a verb expressing <»/m»V>«, not certainty. 1. 32. geradeswegs, adv. gen. of manner, 'straightway.' [N. R, 'right away,' 'right off,' are bad English.] P. 13, 1. I. das bringt, 'bringing,' or simply 'with.'— raach* auf, 'open (the door).' 1. 2. Drttck' nur, 'just press.' 1. 5. geradezu an, ' straight up to.' 1. 12. Machte— Weg, 'set cut on her way.' 1. 13. aufstand, 'was open,' or 'ajar.'— wie es, etc., 'as soon as, etc' 1. 15. wieSngstlich—Mut, 'how timid I feel to-day.' 1. 16. lin sonst, et<,, 'I am usually (on other occasions) so fond of being at grandmamma's.' 1. 20. tief ins Gesicht, 'far down over her face.'— wunderlich, 'queer, strange' (wunderbar = 'wonderful'). 1. 22. Dass ich dich, etc., ' the better to hear you with.' 1. 27. Maul, fressen ; both used of beasts. 1. 29. tat einen Satz, ' took a leap, made a spring.' 1. 33. gieng eben vorbei, • was just going past.' The impf. here denotes an action going on at the same time (concurrently) with an- other. P. 14, 1. I. bei sich, 'to himself.' 1. 2. ob— fehlt, 'whether anything ails her.' 1. 3. wie er, etc., 'when he, etc' See above, p. 13, 1. 13, note. 1. 4. Finde ich, etc, 'have I found you.' 1. 6. woUte er— anlegen, 'he was going to take aim with his rifle,' lit. 'lay it against (his cheek).' , 1. 7. k5nnte . , . gefressen haben, 'might have eaten.' h&tte fressen kSnnen = ' could have eaten, would have been able to eat.' kttnnen here expresses probability. 1. 8. sie ware, etc., 'she might still be saved.' 1. II. wie er— hatte, 'when he had made a few cuts.' par is here spelt with a small letter as meaning ' a few,' not ' a pair.' Sec Gloss. — da sah er ; da is redundant. 1. 14. was war's, etc, 'how dark it was ;' was = wia ; so is re- dundant.— in dem Wolf seinem Leib, 'in the wolf's stomach' ; this I. R, auf, m as, fond rlich, , here th an- Dte. rifle,' hStte ) eat.' s here Gloss. > is re- ' } this NOTES. 77 use of the dat. with poss. adj., instead of the gen. without, is very common in colloquial usage. The dat. with def. art. (as below, 1. i8) is different. P. 14, 1. 19. woUte er fortspringen, 'he tried to run away.' 1. 20. sich tot fiel, 'fell down dead,' lit. 'fell himself dead (killed himself by falling).' 1. 25. erholtesich wieder, 'recovered again.' — aber dachte;when abcr is not at the beginning of a sent., it is usually after the verb. 1. 27. vom Wege ah, 'off from the road.' 1. 30. Gebackenes, 'cakes,' lit. 'something baked.' 1. 31. ihm zugesprochen (habe), ' had addressed her, spoken to her.' The aux. of tense is in the next sent. The aux. sein or haben may however always be omitted in a subord. sent, zusprechen sometimes = 'speak words of comfort to, console.' (See p. 46, 1. 16.) P. 15,1. I. habe ableiten wollen, 'had tried to lead astray.' Obs. the aux. of tense preceding the two infinitives in a subord. sent., which is always the rule in the comp. tenses of aux. verbs of mood. (See App. L, § 15.) wollen here stands for gewoUt, as, in these verbs, the inf. takes the place of the part., when accompanied by a governed verb in the infin. 1. 2. htttete sich, ' was careful, mindful, took good care (not to listen to him).' — gieng — Wegs, 'went straight on her way.' fort in- dicates continuance ; seines Wegs, adv. gen. of manner ; comp. geradeswegs, above, p. 12, 1. 32. (Eng., ' straightway s.') 1. 4. aber — hatte, 'but had looked ^so wicked about the eyes.' 1. 6. er h&tte — gefressen. The verb is here not at the beginning, though the general rule requires this when the dep. sent, precedes the princ. ; the two sentences are here conside'-ed as separate, instead of being taken (as is usually the case) as one complex clause. 1. 8. dass er nicht, etc. ; dass here expresses consequence, herein kann, supply kommen. 1. lo. das Rotkappchen. The def. art. is often used colloquially with proper names (particularly Christian or ' given ' names). 1. 12. der B3se, * the wicked beast ' (often used like the Eng. * the Evil One '). etlichemal, 'several times, two or three times.' I. 14. wollte warten, etc., ' meant to wait ;' so also below. 1. 17. was — hatte, 'what his intentions were,' lit. ' what he had in his mind ; ' dep. question, with verb last. i^hM 78 DORNROSCHEM. h P. 15, 1. 19. gestern hab' ich, etc. ; for this u>se of the perf. see note to p. 12, 1. 55, above. 1. 20. trag' ... in den Trog, ' carry ... to (and empty into) the trough.' 1. 21. trug, supply Wasser. 1, 22. so lange bis, 'until.' 1. 23. Geruch von, 'smelt from' or 'of.'— dem Wolf in die Nase, 'into the wolf's nose.' See note to p. 2, 1. 17, above. 1. 25. machte— lang, 'he stretched out his neck so far.' 1. 29. und tat, etc. The coord, conj. und usually has the subj. or some other member of the sent, between it and the verb. Supply es. DORNROSCHEN. (the sleeping beauty.) 1 1 p. 16, 1. I. Vor Zeiten, 'in days of yore.'— war ein KSnig, etc. The verb is fr.^quently in the sing, in Germ, with several subjects fol- lowing. See note to p. 19, 1. n, below. I. 2. wenn wir doch, etc., ' if we only had a child ; ' doch is often used with the subj. to express a wish. 1. 3. kriegten—keins, 'never got one.' 1. 8. das geschah, 'came to pass,' redundant pron. 1. 10. vor Freude—wusste, 'didn't know what to do (how to con- tain himself) for joy.' 1. 12. ladete, usually lud.— Verwandte, Bekannte, as adjs. pre- ceded by seine should properly end in —en. 1. 14. hold und gewogen w&ren. ' might be kindly and well-dis- posed ; ' gewogen is adj. here, not part. 1. 16, essen sollten, 'were to eat,' 'could eatj' not a common use of sollen. 3. 19. zu Ende, 'at an end.' 1. 21. die andere, 'the second.' 1. 22. und so, 'and so (on) '—was- ist, 'that one can ever wish for in this world.' The sup. zu wttnschen is used, as often, in a passive sense. P. 17, 1. I. ihre Spriiche cben getan hatten, ' had just said their say.' NOTES. 79 see to) iie or :c. n P. 17, 1. 2. Sie wollte— war, 'she wanted to take her revenge for not having been invited,' lit. 'for this (dafttr), that she had not been invited.' Observe this.mode of rendering the Eng. participial subst. gov. by a prep. 1. 3. ohne . . . augrttszen, 'without greeting;' ohne gov. the supme or dass with the indie; the latter always when a different person is spoken of in the second sent. 1. 4. Oder nur, 'or even.' 1. 10. die— hatte, 'who still had her wish left (unpronounced).' 1. II. aufheben, 'do away with, annul, reverse.' 1. 14. ailt, 'will fall,' pres. for fut. 1. i6. gern . . . wollte, ' was anxious to. '— liess . . . auggehen 'issued,' lit. 'caused to go forth.' ' 1. 18. soUten-werden. Aux. of mood preceding part, and inf , in dep sent. (See App. I., § i5.)_An dem Mfidchen, 'in the person of the maiden.' 1. 19. samtlich, 'everyone, all,' lit. 'collectively' (adv.). 1. 21. dass es jedermann ; es of course is obj., jedermann subj. — heb haben musste, ' was constrained to love her, couldn't help loving her. ' ^ 1. 22. an dem Tage, wo, 'on the day when (on which).' 1. 25. zurtickblieb, ' was left at home. ' 1. 26. allerorten (= aller Often), 'everywhere,' adv. gen. pi. of place-wie es Lust hatte, 'just as she had a mind to.' J. 30. umdrehte, 'turned (the key),' accent on sep. part. 1. 31. sprang . . . auf, 'flew open.'— sasz da; the verb im- mediately following und ; see note to p. 15, 1. 29, above ; or supply es before the verb. 1. 33. du altes Mtitterchen, 'you funny (or dear) old woman;' observe the force of the dimin. P. 18, 1. r. was machst du da.? 'what are you doing there?' 1. 3. Was— Ding ? 'what kind of a thing?' 1. 4. herumspringt, 'runs around.' 1. 5. wollte spinnen, 'tried to spin.' Kaum, 'no sooner.' 1. 6. so gieng, etc., 'virhen the magic spell was fulfilled.' 1. 7. stach— Finger, 'pricked her finger with it;' sich in den Finger = in ihren Finger. See note to p. .>, 1. 17, above. 1. t;. auf dem Dache, an der Wand. Observe the different preps. See Gloss, auf, an. ^».*»Wj»p,--*l?feBP 80 DOKjW^OSCHEI^. il p. i8, 1. i8. ja, das Feuer, 'even the fire,' 'the very fire.' 1. 20. weil — hatte, 'because he had made some blunder.' — in — woUte, 'was going to pull (the scullion's) hair,' lit. 'the scullion by the hair.' 1. 27. darttber hinaus, 'out beyond, above it.' 1. 29. Es gieng, 'was current ; ' es is redundant, representing the real subj. (Sage) ; so es war below, p. 19, 1. i. P. 19, 1. 2. als hgtten sie, 'as though they had ;' ob is omitted ; hielten zusammen, 'stuck together.' 1. 3. blieben hflngen, 'stuck fast (remained, were left, hanging).' 1. 5. eines — Todes, adv. gen. of manner, — Nach langen Jahren, ' many years afterwards. ' 1. 7. hSrte, wie, etc., 'heard an old man telling.' 1. lo. schon — ^Jahren, 'for the last hundred years.' 1. II. schliefe, 'was (said to be) sleeping;' indirect narration, hence subj. ; the verb is often sing, with several subjects, when they all follow, but pi. if they precede. 1. 13. schon viele, etc., ' many before him, ' lit. 'already.' 1. 17. ich will hinaus (gehen). 1. 19. hfirte — Worte, 'wouldn't listen to his words;' seine is used here, though not referring to the subj. of the sent., instead of dessen, as there can be no doubt as to the person meant. See Gloss. under sein. 1. 22. der Hecke, dat. 1. 23. waren es, 'there v/ere,' or 'they were,' i.e., the thorns; lauter (adv. of quantity), 'nothing but.' 1. 24. taten—auseinander, 'opened up of their own accord.' 1. 25. taten — zusammen, 'closed again as a hedge.' 1. 27. liegen, ' lying ; ' inf. gov. by sehen, which has the construc- tion of an aux. of mood. P. 20, 1. 3. lag der K3nig, etc. Verb sing. ; see note to p. 19, 1. II, above. 1. 5. einer = man, indef. pron., with strong term. 1. 9. und — lassen, 'and he couldn't help himself either.' 1. 15. und sahen — an, ' and stared at each other with great eyes (of wonderment).' Observe that the verb sahen, which follows the subjects, is pi., while erwachte, which precedes, is sing. 1. 17. sprangen (herum), 'jumped about.' — wedelten, 'wagged (their tails).' NOTES. 8l P. ao, 1. 18. ur'trm Flflgel hervor, ♦from under their Wiiigs * ]. 19. ins Feld 'into tl -fields.' 1. 23. cine — Be. ode, uch on the ear, that he roared out.' 1. 24. rupfte . . .olicd plucking.' L 25. :nit detn Jomtuschen ; as to the use of the art., see note to p. 15, 1. 10, above. DER TREUE JOHANNES. Es is here the redundant pron. before )j. after ; a very frequently recurring con- P. ax, 1. I. Es war, et the verb, representing the struction. 1. 2. wohl, 'no doubt.' 1. 3. lasst . . . kommen, 'send for. mir ethical dat., or dat. of advantage, which is generally left untranslated. See note to p. 7, 1. 2. 1. 5. liebster, 'dearest, favorite.' — hiess so, 'was so called,' 'had this name.' 1. 6, sein Lebelang, ace. of time. See Gloss. — gewesen war; well being a subord. cor J., throws the verb to the end of the sent. — Als — war. Als is here used (not wenn), because the impf. is em- ployed, denoting a particular action (not an habitual one, which would require wenn) ; and being a subord. conj., throws the verb to the end. 1. 7. vor das Bett, ace, because of the motion towards the bed. 1. 9. da hab' ich, 'so I have ;' da here indicates cause (as adv., not conj., as you may see by the verb coming second) ; or it may be rendered 'now.' See Gloss. — als um, etc., als here = 'but' or 'then,' relating to keine ; akin to its use with the comp. degree. 1. 10. in jungen Jahren, 'young in years.' 1. II. wo — weiss, 'at which (age) he can't always know how to shape his conduct,' lit. 'to advise himself ;' sich is dat., ii ar. obj. of raten. 1. 12. in allem was ; was is used after neut. adjs. and prons. I. 18. So sterb' ich, 'then I can die.' — und sprach; the subj. is to be supplied (as preceding the verb) from the previous sent. P. 22, 1. 2. vom goldenen Dache, ' of the golden roof ; ' vom here indicates attribute ; wenn er, etc., 'if he,' etc. 1. 10. getragen (worden) war, 'had been carried,' plupf. pass. I I IMAGE EVALUATION TEST TARGET (MT-S) :/. '^ ^ t 1.0 I.I 1^12^ 112.5 ^ a^ 12.0 — m IL^ IILu 11.6 Hiotographic Sciences Corporation 23 WEST MAIN STREET WEBSTER, N.Y. 14580 (716) 872-4503 l/j ■^ k y-^^ 82 DER TREUE JOHANNES. P. 22, 1. 14. und sollte es, 'though it should.' When the conj. wenn (or ob) is omitted, the verb begins the conditionai sent. 1. 15. Trauer, 'period of mourning.' 1. 17. Erbe, n., 'inheritance;' m., 'heir.' 1. 19. alle die ; alle is not usually followed by the art. 1. 20. die eine, ' the one. ' See Gloss. 1. 24. es leibte und lebte, 'it breathed and lived' ('had body and life '). 1. 25. es gabe, ' there was (or could be) ; ' subj. after meinen, ex- pressing uncertainty. — Es gibt is less def. and more general than es ist. See Gloss., geben. 1. 30. du erschrickst, ' you would be startled ; ' pres. for fut. 1. 32. darin, 'in there,' the emphasis on the first syll. P. 23, 1. 4. es k5nnte — ausschlagen, 'it might result in great misfortune to you and me ; ' zu here expresses consequence. 1. 8. mit meinen Augen, 'vnth my own eyes.' 1. 9. Nun — Stelle, ' now I won't budge from this spot.* 1. II. dass es — war, ' that there was no help for it now,' lit. 'was no longer (possible) to change it,' or 'no longer to be changed,' with supine in passive sense. 1. 15. zuerst, 'first,' i.e., before the king. — dachte — sehen, z.^., he thought to prevent the king from seeing, etc. 1. l6. vor ihm, 'before ho (John) did;' vor referring to time. — was half das ? 'of what use was that ? ' 1. 17. stellte — Fuszspitzen, 'stood on tip-toe.* 1. 22. vol! Sorgen; vol! generally takes the ace, sometimes the gen. ; it sometimes has the form voller. See Gloss. 1. 23. ist geschehen j perf. to indicate an action wholly completed. —was — werden, ' what will come of this ! ' ^ 1. 29. wenn, etc. ; the conj. (dass) expressing the consequence is omitted, thus expressing the speaker's agitation. 1. 31. mein — erlange, 'I will risk my life to win her,' dass t.:^.- pressing consequence ; or ' I li wager my life, that I shall win her,' dass expressing merely iAe fact that ; in both cases, pres. for fut. P. 24, 1. I. wie — w&re, ' how to go about it ; how it was to be ac- complished;' note the (apparently passive) use of the supine., and compare note to p. 23, 1. ii. 1. 2. es hielt schwer, 'it was a difficult matter.' — nur — kommen, • even to get into the presence of the princess.* NOTES. 83 P- 24. 1. 7- fllnf Tonnen Goldes; the substance measured is here m the gen., instead of being in apposition to the word of measure, as IS usually the case. See note to p. 3, 1. 17. 1. 8. W Eine . . . verarbeiten, 'cause one of them (the tons) to be worked by, ' etc. 1. 9. zu, 'into, to make,' zu expresfing resuit. 1. 10. Gewild, 'wild animals (of the diase),' large game (such as stags, boars, etc.). 1. 12. liess . . . zusammenkommen, 'assembled.' 1. 15. liess . . . laden, 'had it laden.' 1. 17. musste— tun, ' was required to do the same.' 1. 19. fuhren, etc., 'they sailed (journeyed).' 1. 21. hiess, 'bade.' 1. 24. sorget; he here addresses the king in the second pers. pi.: usually in the second sing. ir r . 1. 27. allerlei, here subst.-8tieg ans Land, 'wentashore.' 1. 31. schdpfte, 'was drawing (water);' supply Wasser. 1. 32. das goldblinkende Wasser, ' the water that gleamed with gold (with a golden sheen),' from the reflection of the gold. 1 pails. P- 25. 1. 5- Eins, 'one piece;' with strong term., as standing alone (without subst.), and num. adj., hence speJt with capital letter. 1. 6. hat— an, 'takes such great delight in,' etc. I. 7. abkauft, pres. for fut. 1. 15. stehen hat, 'has standing,' inf. for pres. part. I. 17. 'St . . , worden, the aux. preceding the inf. and part, in a subord. sent. See note, p. 10, 1. 13, above, 1. 18. dazu gehfiren, 'are (would be) necessary to do this (for this purpose). ' 1. 21. Lust, 'desire, longing.' 1. 28. meinte-zerspringen, ' thought surely his heart was going to Durst, ht. 'thought not otherwise, than that,' etc.; supply dass after als. *^ ^ 1. 29. stieg— Schifr, ' she went on board of the vessel.' 1. 31. hJess— abstoszen, 'ordered the ship to set sail,' lit. 'bade (them) push off the ship,' P. 26, 1. I. jedes einzeln, 'each piece separately, by itself.' 1. 5. dahinfuhr, 'was sailing off.' 1. 6. nachdem, subord. conj., as shown by the position of the verb at the end. -J It 84 DER TREUE JOHANNES. ■ P. a6, 1. 7. woUte heim (gohen). 1. 8. Rand, 'side.' , 1 Q auf-gieng, ' rvas sailing on the high (or open) sea. 1' 10 binbetiogcn, 'Aave been deceived,' perf. ind. pass., supply worden. The Eng. verb • to be ' v^rith the pass, voice is rendered by eein (i.e., perf. and plnpf.) in Germ, vrhen it = 'have been,' etc., ue. when the action is completed ; otherwise (when = 'am being, etc.) by werden (i.e., pres. and impf.). ■ , 1. II. und-geraten, ' and have got into the power of a trader, geraten is part, of geraten, not of raten. 1 i< aber-gcschehcn, 'but as to my having earned you off by stratagem, that I have done (has been done) from (through) excessive love ; ' the subj. of ist is the clause dass-habe, represented by das following ; aus indicates canse. , , • 1 18. gesehen babe, bin ich . . . gefallen ; the perf. here in- dicates a single, isolated, completed action, in contradistinction to the impf., which indicates continuous action. 1 21. geneigt, 'well disposed to, fond of him.' 1! 25. vornen, 'in the front part (the bow) of the vessel. '-Musik machte, 'was playing and singing.' 1. 26. dahergcflogen kamen, past part, with kommen ; see note. D. 10. 1. Oi above. . , , 1 in die cine ; Rabe is here fem.; so also in the title to one of the' Tales in Grimm's large collection : ' Die Rabe ' (No. 93). ^nd nowhere else, as far as I have been able to discover. 1 xo heim, ' to his own home,' as a bride. i \2 er hat sie doch. ' he has her after all,' ' yer, but he kas got her •' doch is often used for ja in giving an affirmative reply to u negative statement or question. -bei ihm, ' with him ' P. 27, 1. 2. da belongs to aufschwingen. " to vault upon it ; or it may be rendered ' then.' 1 4, hinein, redundant. -dass er, etc., dass = so dass (con- sequenceV-nimmer mehr, ' never again ' (two words). 1 5. wiedersieht, pres. for fut-sprach die .-/eite ; supply da before the verb. , . . . *„ » 1. 7. ein anderer, 'some other person. '-aufsitzt, ' mounts. - Feuergewehr, ' fire-arms, pistol.' 1. 9. ist . . . gerettet, perf. for fut. perf. 1. II. wird zu Stein, 'will turn to stone.' XOTES. ■ gt^ r^'!; ti '^*"" • • • *"*'^' '«^«"if-'~doch, 'after all.' 1. 16. Schttssel. 'salver, tray.'-und sieht aus. 'looking, that mil look ;' pres. fo fut. ^ 1. 19. b»s-Kno.,hen, 'to the very (marrow and) bone.' 1. 21. wenneiner, ' if somebody • ' einer rr jemand I 22. und wuit etc. ; the verb (wirft) should properly be last, as und connects u with a subord. sent. (wenn-packt)._verbrennt. IS consumed ' (neut. verb). 1. 24. halbes Leibes, 'half way up his body;' adv. gen. oC manner. 6 • "*« 1. 26 wird-auch verbrannt, 'even though the bridal robe be burnt ; wenn is omitted, hence the verb (wird) is first. \_ 32. Blut, in apposition to Tropfen. as noun of quantity. P. 28. 1 I. vom Wirbel, etc., 'from the crown of tne head to the toe of his foot.' 1. 2. das-hatten, 'had finished this conversation,' nt. 'had spoken this with one another.' 1. 4. von der Zeit an, 'from that time forward (on) ' 1. 5. verschwieg-Herrn, 'if he concealed from his master-' wenn omitted, hence verb first. ' 1. 6. dieser, ' the latter ' (sein Herr). 1. 18. die-waren, 'who did not wish well to Faithful John as it was (doch),' or (anyway). 1. 22. lasstihngehen, 'leave him alone.' 1. 23. wozu— ist, 'what may be the good of it' 1. 26. nicht anders als, 'just as if.' I- 27. giengdaraufsu, 'walked up to it.'— mit Haadschuhen 'with gloved hands.' ' I. 32. nun-gar, 'now he even (dares to) burn,' not content with shooting the horse. P. 29, 1. 3. trat . . . hinein, 'joined in.' 1. 4. hatte— Acht, 'paid attention, watched closely.'— auf ein- mal, 'all at once.' 1. 6. sprang . . . hinzu, 'ran to (her aid\' 1. lo. hatte angesehen, 'had seen it also.' 1. 20. bin . . . verurteilt (worden). perf. See note to p. 26, 1. 10, above.— mit Unrecht, 'wrongfully, unjustly.' 1. 23. h&tte tun mflssen, ' had been obliged to dc ; ' aux. of mood preceding the inf. in subord. sent. (See App., § 15.) 86 BRUDERCHEN UND SCHWESTERCHEN, P. 29, 1. 28. trug . . . groszes Leid, 'felt great sorrow.' 1. 29. was . . . sottbel, 'how ill ;' was = wie. 1. 30. liess . . . aufheben, 'had it preserved,' or 'raised up;' either meaning is admissible. 1. 33. kftnnt' ich, etce, 'if I only could.' The verb is first m an elliptical sent, expressing a wish. ^ P. 30, 1. 2. eine Zeit, 'some time, a considerable period, —da, • after which ' (when). 1. II. wenn— willst, ' if you are willing to sacrifice what is dearest to you.' , I.- N » 1. 19. die grosze Treue, 'the great devotion (shown to him). 1! 21. den Kindern den Kopf, 'the children's heads;' Kopf is sing., though there are two heads. 1. 24. frisch und gesund, 'sound and whole.' 1. 28. davon wurden sie, etc., 'by this they were made whole again.' ,, , 1. . 1. 30. als-geschehen, 'as if nothing had happened to them. P. 31, 1. 2. hast du gebetet, the part, should be last, according to the general rule. 1. II. gienghin, 'went;' hin is redundant. BRUDERCHEN UND SCHWESTERCHEN. P. 32, 1. I. Brilderchen, 'Little Brother,' used like a prop. name. —an der Hand = bei der Hand. 1 2. seit, conj., =seitdem.-haben-mehr, *we never have a moment's peace,' lit. 'a good hour. '-die Stiefmutter, 'our step- mother;' def. art. for poss. adj. , . . , 1. 4. alle Tage=jeden Tag, 'every 'day.'-stSszt-fort, she spurns us with her feet.' 1 7. geht's besser, 'fares better.'— docli, 'at least.' 1 9 Dass Gott erbarm', 'God have m^rcy!' Elliptic sent., ex- pressing a wish ; supply sich before erbarm', which is properly a refl. verb. . 1. 13. Gott— zusammen, 'Heaven and our hearts are weeping to- gether' (in allusion to the rain) ; die is redundant. 1. 15. von Jammer, 'from misery;' von indicates cause. 1. 21. michdilrstet, 'lamthirsty.' See Gloss. NOTES. %7 ised up;' irst in an lod.'— da, is dearest lim).' ' Kopf is ade whole them.' jcording to irop. name. iver have a •our step- -fort, 'she ic sent., ex- perly a refl. weeping to- ise. P. 32,1. 22. wflsste, 'knewof.'— giene' trinlc' Jm,.f k- .t would go,' etc-einmal, •just.'-ich mefn ' ^^^T^l^^^" ^ usually followed by the p^ not b; the'mpV ''" '' ^'^ ''^^ '' going off..' ^ '^"^--^^-' '^^' - truth (wohl) seen the children 1. 7- verwttnscht, 'laid under a spell.' 1. 8. glitzerig, 'glittering, sparkling.' • '°- '"^ Rauschen, 'as it rushed murmuring by ' the selc. 'place wird ^ :t ^""'^^ '^" ' ''' ^""^- P"' ^" 1 IK Ob esl r^K ' """ ^^ '"'"^'^ '"to ;' pres. for fut. di ided*. esltfbe ' ?■• /:'^'°"^' ^^^' °^^^''^^ •« «ften thus and by .'she' when W "' ^^ ''^' ^^^ -f-^ing to Brilderchen, anuby she when relatmg to Schwesterchen. 1 « f/uft? ^-T' '"""•^^' ^^"^ ^-^ f- -ything). 4^r^Zir'^:rrr7ir^'"^^^^^^^-^^'^- his lip'^' ' '• ""-™-' '- -on as the first drops had touched 1- 3- als, etc., 'in the shape of a fawn.' I. II. Daran, 'to this (rope).' 1. 13. lange, lange, 'for a long, long while.' I 2: T~^i^": ' '° "■"■'^ " '* '"'"'^ ■■ ' '" expresses /,„•».,. da's dlo„r """"' ' ""* " "*" ■'"'='-> - °" °' -" -and:. vJhf w' '*,*"' *' °"^'"""^ ™'"^= °f '=''"^"-- wo"M require the I dausl!' '" °°' "■ *^ »""'• ''^■'''' "-- P'-Xed byThrs:'! wordf ""' ^°"""^' ''"" ^°"= ""«=^' «"- -"- as two I' « ^'r7'"' ' """ ^'■•'■•' "' ""= ""■' °' "■■' ""■=) i' hapi^ned.' me'hrt rtdLd:"""'"-'"^"""*"' ' ' ^'^ ^'""<' '' ^^ >™8er ; ' 1- 3- bises, 'till she,' ..^., Sister. ^ 1. 4. spraches zu ihm, 'said she to it.'-komm' mir ja etc be sure to return to me in the evening ; ' „,ir is ethical dT ' '.TS^jgeaKniMpi 88 BKi'DEKCHE;s' UND SCHVVESTKRCHEK P. 35. 1. 5- vor den wilden JSgern, 'against the wiUl hunters,' 1. lo. und w&- ihm— Luft, ' and felt so well, and was so merry in the open air ; ' ihm dat. gov. by war, supply zu Mut, and see p. 13, 1. 15, above. 1. 13. wenn— gewiss, 'when they thought they had (caught) it beyontl a doubt ;' sie hStten, dass being omitted, the constr. is that of a princ. sent. 1. 21. das ho! ho! 'the shouts,' « the tally-ho.' 1, 23. ich muss hinaus (springen). 1. 25. zu Abend, 'by evening.'— wieder da sein, 'be here (back) again.' 1. 26. Spriichlein, ' speech ' (to obtain admission). 1. 31. Einer, ' one (of them).' 1. 32. musste, ' had to.' P. 36, 1. 2. erschrak gewaltig, 'was terribly frightened.' 1. 5. Krauter, 'herbs," to heal it. 1. 6. lieb, for liebeti. See note to p. 5, 1. 8.— hell, ' healed, cured.' 1. 10. die Jagdlust, * the merry chase.' 1. 15. so bald— kriegen, 'and I won't let anybody catch me so easily either.' 1. 16. ich bin, ' I shall be,' pres. for fut. 1. 17. So sterb', etc., ' then I shall die here of grief ; ' dir is ethical dat., not to be trans. ; vor indicates cause. 1. 20. so mein* ich— springen, ' I feel like jumping out of my skin,' lit. 'shoes.' 1. 22. konnte . . . nicht anders, 'couldn't help herself.' 1. 25. gesund, 'unharmed.' 1. 27. jagt ihm nach ; according to rule, the sep. part, should be last in the princ. sent, with a simple tense.— aber dass, etc., 'but (see) that not one of you does it any harm ^ supply seht zu. 1. 29. zum J&ger ; i.e., the one who had followed the fawn on the previous occasion. 1. 33. gieng . . . auf, ' was opened.' P. 37, 1. I. so schSn— hatte, ' fairer than any he had ever looked upon,' lit. ' as fair as none,' etc. 1. 3. dass nicht, etc., 'that it was not,' etc. 1. 6. mit mir gehen ; the rule requires the inf. last. 1. 9. muss auch mit (gehen).— das verlass* ich nicht, ' I won't forsake iVy' obj. first for the sake of emphasis. NOTES. 89 liters.' merry in see p. 13, ^ :aught) it tr. is that ire (back) d, cured.' ch me so r is ethical aut of my f.' should be etc., 'but u. i-wn on the ver looked t, 'I won't P. 37. 1. ir. und (es) soll-fehlen, 'and it shall want for nch 1. ". band es, etc.; Mis obj..Schwe8terchensubi. Bins'e'riseT" "' '""' ' ^"" '-' '-" ^^'^ ^' " ^-e relates to 1. 17. und war es. for und es war. See note to p. 10, 1 22 1. 18. die Frau Kfinigin, 'my Lady the Queen.' . 19. gchegt und gepflegt, « cherished and tended ' 1. 21. urn derentwillen, 'on whose account, by reison of wo.. in die Welt-waren. "had gone forth int; the^rrir 1. 22. die meinte-als, 'supposed (not otherwise than) that •' the r'.fi , «/" • "' ' P""''- ^'"^•' ^"^ "'^h the verb in the subj. . 26. und-gieng, « and that they were so well off ' 1. 27. wurden . . . rege, 'were stirred up.' 1. 29. die beiden, 'these two.' 1. 30. doch noch ' after all,' ' in spite of all.'-Ihre rechte Toch- ter. her own daughter. '-nur Ein Auge, 'only one eye.' Ein is here num., not art. ^ '* " TK^'' ^"^ "^"»^*«--ff«btthrt. ' heaped reproaches on her, and said • The good fortune to become a queen, should belong properly to me ; ' die redundant pron.; eine KSnigin zu werden, sent Tn au " position to das Glttck. ' '" ^P' woman/ '' '' ^" ""' '*'"' '^'■'^' ^^ '^^'^''-^^^ Alte. 'the old «J' ^ T'"!" ^'* ^"^"**^«"' 'comforted her.'-wenn's-Hand se n. when the time comes, I shall be sure (schon) to be on hand ' i. 5. gerade— war, 'just happened to be.' 1 6. nahm ... an, 'assumed.' 1. 12. Wanne, 'bath.' 1. 14. ein rechtes HSllenfeuer, 'a most hellish fire ' nnl'/t ""^^^^'^^^ """»«*«• 'was smothered;' musste is redundant, not to be trans. ' 1. 20. das verlorne Auge, * the eye she had lost.' life'^'' was sie machte, 'how shewas.'_bei Leibe, 'on your P. 39, 1. I. allein noch wachte, 'was the only person still awake.' 1. & streichelte-Rttcken. 'stroked its back.' 90 A'OX/G DKOSSEI.DART. P. 39, 1. 9. zur Tflr hinaus, ' out at the door.' 1. II. ob, 'whether, if (not wenn). 1. 14. dabei, 'all the time (she was doing this).' 1. 24. sprach der Kfinig, supply da before sprach. P. 40, 1. 6. noch dicstnal, 'only this once.' 1. II. in dem Augenblick, 'at that moment;' dcm isdemonstr., and as such is to be emphasized ; the def. art. is never emphasized. 1. 16. 68 ward— gesprochcn, 'judgment was pronounced upon them.' kOnig DROSSELBART. P. 41, 1. I. ttber— sch5n, 'exceeding fair.' 1. 2. dabei, 'withal.' 1. 4. trieb— ihnen, ' and made sport of them into the bargain.' 1. 8. Rang und Stand, ' rank and condition.' 1. 10. Edelleute, pi. of Edelmann. 1. 12. aber— auszusetzen, ' but to each one she had some objec- tion to make.' 1. 13. das Weinfass, 'what a wine-butt.' 1. 14. lang— Gang; these rhyming saws cannot be reproduced except by a paraphrase ; render 'lank and long's not worth a song ;' Gang is used like Geschick in the following rhyme. 1. 15. kurz— Geschick, 'short and stout, count him out;' hat kein Geschick, lit. ' has no fitness ' (or ' value '). 1. 16. der bleiche Tod, ' as pale as death,' or 'pale death (him- self).' 1. 17. der Zinshahn, ' the red-faced cock ; ' a cock was one of the commonest forms of payment for ground-rent, and hence Zinshahn, lit. 'rent-cock, toll-cock,' means simply 'cock;' the allusion of course is to the red comb and wattles of the cock. 1. 18. gerad, 'straight.'— granes—getrocknet, 'green wood, dried behind the stove,' hence warped by the sudden heat. 1. 20. besonders- war, 'but she made particularly merry over a good king, who stood at the very top, und whose chiu had grown a little crooked.' NOTES. 91 lhrLl^!'l!ui'* '^''~^^^""*'*^' •'''*^- « ^'>'-"«'' ('"««) ^ I'iH//.'-.. like a 1. 5. die da, 'who;' this use of the redundant da after the rd pron. was f..rn,erly very common—ward er ; the pron. is redundant' bemg^mserted because the real subject (der alte K6r,ig) is so far from that tunfedV;"'""-'^^'"^"' '"'^ '^ ^ ^^^^^^ ^^^ ^^ ^^ggar 1. 8. darauf, 'afterwards.' 1. 14- eine milde Gabe, • a kind gift.' I. 16. meine Tochter da, • my daughter there.-getan, • taken.' pi'h't. "^ • ''""^ ^'" ''"^P '' '«"'' **«" '^' clemunstr.- Es half kerne Emredc, ' no resistance (objection) was of ..ny use' there was no use objecting.' 1. 2^. nunschicktsichnicht, 'nowitisnot seemly;' supply es after schickt. " -^ 1. 23. nochianger, ' any longer. '-weiterziehen. 'wander forth.' 1. 27. als . . . da, 'when now,' ' so when ; ' da is redundant. 1. 31. du'n = du ihn, ' had you taken him ; ' er, in the same line, U (the forest). 1. 32. zart, adj. after the subst., though really attrib., not pred h 33. hatt' ich genommen ; the part, would be last in prose P. 43, 1. 15. Es gemilt-wttnschest, " ' I don't at all like.' said the mmstrel, 'your continually wishing somebody else for a husband ' " 1. 19- was . . . so klein, 'how small;' wie = was; so redun- dant. 1. 20. wem mag . . . sein, 'to whom can . . . belong?' 1. 23. damit-kam, 'to get in at the low door;' damit expresses purpose, and generally has the verb in the subj. 1. 25. WasDiener, 'Servants indeed!' Exclamation of surprise and dissent, 'What do you mean by talking of servants? What should I do with servants ? ' 1. 26. was du wiUst; willst, .s in a rel. sent., should come last, but precedes the part, and inf.-Mach'-mUde. 'just (go to work and) kmdle a fire at once, and put water on, to cook me a meal ; I am very tired.' 1. 30. musste-gieng, 'was obliged to lend a hand himself, so that things might get on even tolerably.' P. 44> 1. I. schmale Kost, 'scanty fare.' V 92 KONIG naossELBARr. p. 44, 1. 3. schon ganz frtth, 'while it was yet quite early,' 'at a very early hour.' 1. s. schlecht und recht, 'j/iainly and honestly;' schlecht here = Bchlicht. 1. 6. 80 geht's, etc., 'it won't do i.ny longer, tor us to spend (our substance) here, without earninjj anythiutj.' 1. 10. stachen . . . wund, • lacerated ; ' the adj. wund is here used as sep. part. 1. II. d«8 geht nicht, ' that won't do.' 1. 12. spinn' lieber, 'you had better spin.'— kannst—bcsser, sup- ply tun or machen. 1. 15. daran herunter lief, 'ran down (on) them.' I. 16. du taugat— angekommen, 'you are not fit for any work ; I got a bad bargain with you,' i.e., when I took y(,u. 1. 22. fuilhalten, 'selling (my wares).' 1. 23. es half nichts, 'there was no help for it.'— sich fttgen, ' submit ' (adapt herself to circumstances). 1. 25. Hungers, adv. gen., 'of hunger '(=vor Hunger).— gieng'8 gut, she 'was successful.' 1. 26. der Frau, ' from the woman,' dat. after abkaufen. 1. 28. ja, viele, etc., 'many even,' etc.— liessen—dazu,, 'and left her the pots into the baigain,' i.e., did not take them away. 1. 29. von dem Erv'orbenen, ' on their earnings (what they had r.iade).' P. 45, 1. I. d^hergcjagt, 'galloping along.'— ritt—hinein, 'rode straight into the pots.' 1. 3. was — soUte, 'what to do.' 1. 4. Ach — ergehen, ' alas 1 how shall I fare ! ' 1. 6. Wer— auch, ' well, who ever would sit down.' 1. 8. du bist— zu gebrauchen, ' you arc of no use for any respect- able work ;' zu gebrauchen, supine with' passive meaning. 1. 9. Da bin ich . . . gpwesen, 'so I have been.' 1. 13. daftlr, 'in return (for your services).' 1. 14. musste— tun, 'had to assist the cook (be at his beck and call), and do the hardest of work.' :. 18. von dem— zu Teil ward, 'what fell to her share from the remnants (whit was left over).' 1. 22. angfiztlnuet (worden) wftren, ' were (had been) lit,' plupf. pass. early,' ' at echt here spend (t>ur d is here !8ser, sup- ly work ; I ch fttgen, ,— gieng's t. I,, 'and left Lt they had lein, 'rode iny respeci- r s beck and :e from the I lit,' plupf. S^OTF.S. 03 *^- 45» •• 2]. und immer — hereintrat 'n.wi „» i i.« was han..s..„.r ,i.a„ ...e l!^ " " ne ^1^' rT "T'"'' enlercJ handsonur than tt.c other.' ^' ^"' *'"'"'* I ^8^ die da ; da redundant. Sec note to p. 42 1 c t-MC 1. S. fioss, 'was spilt,' lit. • flowed onu'-umherspranren •wore s.aitcred yun.ped) about.' umnersprangen, 1. II. d.88-hatte, 'that she wouid rather have wished herself « thousand tathoms beneath the earth ' ie thn. k ^'"^^ /herself a etc. • •'*• ^"** *he wished herself, 1. 16. spr-ch-.zu, 'spoke kindly to her (and said).' i. iy. Bind Eins, 'arc one (and the same person) ;• Bins is neut 1. 21. Das-geschehen, «r have done all thir' 33- wir wftren ; wir includes du and ich. SNEEWITTCHEN. win'l;''' Llttii;'"'", ^"^,^'"*«r' '- *I>e midst of winter, in mid- winter , mitten is adv. of place ; sometimes it has the pren in or. 1. 6. es Sekn. etc., ' Ihen fell three drop, of blood into th - snow • Esrep^e^m. .he actuaUubj. (Trcpfen) before the verb. (icZ: 1. n. Balddarauf, 'soon afterwards.' 1. 12. das war. 'who was ;' redundant demonstr. pron. ' Ww'r"'^^'^"' ^"^•^^^"^^" '-- ^' Schnccweisschen, II 94 SNEE WITTCHEM. P. 47, 1. 15. geboren vvar, 'had been born,' plupf. pass. 1. 16. ttber ein Jahr, ' at the end of a year.' 1. 17, Es war, 'she was.' 1. i8. konnte—werden, 'could't bear (the idea) of being surpassed by anyone in beauty,' lit. ' couldn't bear that she should be surpassec',' etc. 1. 20. einen wunderlichen Spiegel, ' a strange (wondrous) mir- ror ;' wunderlich here = wunderbar.— wenn— beschaute, 'when- ever she stood before (stepped up to) it and regarded herself in it ;' wenn is here used before the impf. as indicating repeated action, not als, which is used o^ an instantaneous act ; see following note ; so wenn . . . erblickte, below. P. 48, 1. 8. als diese— fragte ; here als is used, as the act is in- stantaneous. 1. 15. vor t^eid, 'for (with) en.y;' vor indicating cause.— Von Stnnd' an, ' from that hour forth ; ' an is adv. 1. 16. kehrte— Madchen, 'her heart turned round in her body, she hated the girl so much ;' the expression kehrte— herum is used to express the violence of her emotion ; so is here adv. (= 'so much'), 1. 19. immer hdher, ' higher and higher ; ' 111 weeds grow apace, says the Eng. proverb.— Tag— Ruhe, 'no peace day or night.' 1. 21. ich will's— sehen, ' I don't want to set eyes on her again ;' observe the force of wollen here. 1. 25. gezogen, ' drawn (forth).' 1. 26. durchbohren; insep. part., hence the accent is on the verb. P. 49,1. 2. werJen— haben, 'will soon have eaten you,' i.e., it won't be long before they will have eaten you. 1. 3. doch war's ihm, ' yet he felt ; ' supply zu Mute ; doch, ad- versative conj. 1. 4. und als— kam, 'and a young wild boar just happening to run past,' lit. 'when just . . . ran past.' 1. 7. als Wahrzeichen, 'as proofs' (of his having done the deed). 1. 8. musste, 'was required.'— sie h&tte; obs. the omission, and the constr. of the sent. 1. II. mutterseiigallein, 'forspken and forlorn;' the more usual form is mutterseelenallein. 1. 12. ward- angst, 'and was so terrified, felt such terror;' im- pers. verb, supply es.— dass ea— »ii»ah; i.e., in her terror, she stared at every leaf (if it but moved). NOTJ'.S. 95 P- 49. 1- 13- und nicht— sollte, 'and didn't know what to do,' lit. 'how she should help herself.' 1. i6. sprangen— vorbei, 'ran past her.'— taten ihm nichts, ' did her no harm. ' 1. 17. Es— konnten, ' she ran as long as ever her feef could carry her,' lit. 'could get on ;' supply kommen after fort. 1. 18. bis— wollte, 'till near night-fall,' lit. 'till it was nearly about to become evening.' 1. 19. sichzu ruhen, 'to rest;' ruhen rr: ausruhen; the simple verb is seldom refl. L 21. so zierlich— ist, 'neat and cleanly beyond expression,' lit, • so neat, etc, that it can't be expressed ; ' zu pagen, supine with pass, force. 1. 22. ein weissgedecktes Tischlein, ' a dear little table covered with a white cloth,' lit. ' a white-covered table.' 1. 24. ferner, 'besides, also.' 1. 25. An der Wand, 'along the wall.' 1. 28. ein wenig Gemtts, 'a little of the vegetables;' wenig is here undeclined, as is usual in the sing., and also, when expressing quantity, in the pi. 1. 30. denn— wegnehmen, ' for she did not wish to deprive any one person (only) of everything (he had) ' 1. 32. keins passte, 'not one (of them) fitted (her).' P. 50, 1. I. befahl sich Gott, 'commended herself (in prayer) to God.' 1. 4. das waren, 'who were,' demonstr. for rel.; neut. sing. pron. referring to Herre i. 1. 5. nach Erz, 'for ore;' nach expressing /«;-/<7j^. 1. 8. denn— batten, 'for everything was not just in the (same) order, as (in which) they had left it.' The dwarfs or cobolds of Ger- man folk-lore are represented as living in the bowels of the earth, and digging for precious metals. They are sometimes kindly, as in this tale, but often mischievous and malicious. 1. 14. wer hat— gestochen .' 'Who's been using my little fork?' lit. 'sticking with 1. 19. Dalle, 'a hollow,' a depression made by the figure of Snee- wittchen having lain in it. 1. 23. das lag— schlief, « lying in it a-^leep.' 1. 24. kamen herbeigelaufen, 'came tunning up.' '■■I ^ xm ' m im m 'mm i»mj » *! i m m . mm m mm m m t m \ 96 SN/iE WITTCHEN. /P. 50, 1. 27. was — schdn, ' how beautiful the child is ; ' was = wle. 1. 28. hatten — Preude, 'were so delighted.' 1. 31. da — herum, 'aiKi then one night was over J ' supply gegang- en. P. 51, 1. I. Wie heisst du ? 'What is your name ? ' ; heisst contr. for heissest. 1. 2. Wie bist — gekommen ? ' How did you get into our house?' 1. 5. es h&tte — lassen, 'had meant to have her killed.' The constr. is that of a principal sent., dass being omitted ; and the verb in tue subj. mood to indicate the indirect narration. (See App. I., § 18.) The aux. verb of mood woUen (which is the inf. for the part.) gov. the inf. lassen, which gov. umbringen, also in the inf. ; umbringen, with the obj. of the prep, um not expressed, = 'to kill ; ' the obj. to oe supplied is das leben (= 'to deprive of life') ; jemanden (ace.) um etwas (ace.) bringen, meaning ' to deprive a person of a thing.' 1. 6. und da, 'and then (or so) ;' gelaufen, observe the irregular position of the part. 1. 8. willst du, etc., Mf you will,' etc.; the conj. wenn being emitted, the verb stands first. 1. 9. un.sern Haushalt versehen, 'attend to, manage our house, 1)6 our housekeeper.' — betten, 'make the beds' ( =; die Betten machen). 1. 12. es soil— fehlen, 'you shall want for nothing.' See Gloss., fehlen. 1. 13. von Herzen gem, 'with all my heart.' 1. 16. musste — sein, 'had to be, was expected to be, ready.' 1. 17. Den Tag ttber, 'throughout the day, all day long;' the prep, after its case. 1. 18. da, 'so.' 1. 19. Httte dich vor, 'take care of, beware of.' 1. 20. lass' ja — herein, ^ be sure (ja) to let "nobody in.' 1. 22. glaubte ; the verb here precedes the inf. phrase dependent on it, which is always admissible, anc. is even preferable, to avoid con- fusion, when the inf. clause is of any considerable length. 1. 23. dachte nicht anders, etc., 'was sure she was,' etc., lit. 'thought not otherwise than that she was ;' dass is omitted after als. 1. 29. ttber den Bergen, 'over, beyond, the mountains.' P. 52, 1. I. dass — sprach, ' that the mirror never said what was not true,' lit. 'spoke no untruth.' ATOTES. 97 wle. P. 52. 1. 3. am Leben, 'alive.' 1. 4. Und da— woUte, 'And so she kept thinking and thinking over and over again, liow she could m mage to s4ay her.'— aufs neue, adv. phrase ; von neuem = 'afresh, beginning over again.' 1. 10. ttbcr die sieben Berge; ttber here with ace., indicating mo- tion tozoards as well as across. 1. 20.. wie du aussiehst, 'what a fright (or figure) you are,' lit. •what do you look l^ke ;' an exclamation, in form of an interrogation. 1. 25. dass-vergieng, 'so that Sneewittchen couldn't breathe,' lit. 'that the breath passed away from,' etc. 1. 26. fttr tot, 'as though dead. '- Nun— gewesen, 'now you are no longer (have done with being) the fairest,' etc., lit. 'you have been the fairest j ' the perf. indicating an action that is complete, and there- fore over, or done with, at an end. 1. 32. regte— nicht, 'neither moved nor stirred.' The German language abounds in similar duplicate rhyming or alliterative expres- sions, which are almost synonymous ; compare hegen und pfiegen above, p. 37, 1. 19. 1. 33. hoben— HShe, 'raised her up.' P. 53, 1. 3- nach und nach, etc., 'gradually came to life again.' 1. 6. keinen Menschen, 'not a soul.' See Gloss., Mensch and Mann. 1. 20. das dich— soil, ' that shall be your ruin.' 1. 28. Das Ansehen, etc., 'Surely (doch) you will be allowed to take ,-, look at my wares ; ' lit. ' looking at (my wares) will surely be al- lowed you.' 1. 30. Da gefiel, etc., 'then the child was so pleased with it, that she allowed herself to be deceived.' P. 54, 1. I. Als— waren, ' When they had concluded their bargain : ' des Kaufs, gen. gov. by einig. 1. 2. einmal, 'for once, just once.' 1. 3. dachte an nichts, 'thought of, suspected, no harm.' 1. 4. liess— gewfihren, ' let the old woman do her will.' 1. 7. Ausbund, 'paragon.' See Gloss. 1. 8. jetzt— geschehen, 'now it's all over with you.' 1. 9. Zum Glttck, 'fortunately;' zu expresses r^'j////— wo, 'when' (of time). ». *.= iJK-.-.vii . . . iij vcruacm, ■suspected.' 1. 12. suchten nach, 'made an investigation.' i 1 s 98 SIVEE WITTCHEN. P- 54, 1. 18. daheim, « at home, when she got home ' *-. 55. I. I. Lust-bekam, • would long for it ' (would C7or:L'°^e7-Xr,W "^ " '."k"' ''' *""" "'"-"'^ 1. 4. in -in. ;,c' . ~ "^"""'S' ""'her ; d« U redundant. I o MW :!i • '"»P''^''"<-«'<"nan;' in wilh ace. los (in ,o,werd.n, Jv 4. '""'^ """8h, soon e^^^^^ I. H da schneide ich, 'now I will cut.' e.ni>,s;o^^^:;rc::2t:;to1;^^^^^^^^^^^^ si.n;..'l'gr;Lw;iiaT.'.''"1 '°"'>''"«'^-'' - unusual expre. =" e"^' as well a^ ; supply wie ; gut is adv. wist °:ifrrd;„titr:;:^r °"^"^'"---^^ 1. 7. schnflrtenesauf, 'unlaced her (corsets).' aue.;^:"^^.e:^ 'f irr °' ^'t^' ''- --'• ^^-'- ^- zwei and dr. 1 , ~ "^'"- "^^^^ "'^^ ^'^hout a subst. ; zwei and drei also take _er in the gen., and all, up to ten at least -en n. the dat., under the same circumstances ' 1. 12. frisch, 'lite-like.' 1. 14. Das k5nnen wir. etc., 'we can't put her under, etc •' das - es ;^observe the prominence given to the obj. b.putting Uin tit 1^; 1. 19. dass es, 'that she ;' es refers to Sneewittchen (not indcf ) . 26. und verweste nicht, 'without decaying ' ^^' 18, (ax' ^"^'^'"' ^"^' '''•' '^''P'^°" '° '^' ^"^^- See App. L, g coffin to'm'.''' '^'"'-^^'^^ '''' -^ h-e the coffin,' lit. 'leave the 1. 2. was— wollt, 'whatever vnn won^ /f^ j,„... _\ r_ NOTES. 99 P- 57. 1. 3- um alles Gold; um here indicates /nV^. 1. 4. So schenkt, etc, 'then make me a present of it.' 1. 6. ich will-Liebstes, 'I will do her honour, as the dearest thmg I have ; ' or, • as (if she were) my true-love ;' Ehren, dat. sing, with the old weak term., which all weak fern, substs. formerly had : so auf Erden, 'on earth.' 1. 9. liessihn . . . forttragen, 'ordered it to be carried away;' the mf. is here really pass, in meaning. 1. II. von dem-Hals, 'with (from) the shock, the poisonous bit of apple, which S. had bitten off, was ejected (started) from her throat;' von indicates cause; SchUttern, inf. used as subst. See Gloss., Hals. I. 13. Und— Augen, ' and it was not long before she opened her eyes.' 1. 18. Ich habe— Welt, ' I love you more than all the world be- sides,' lit. ' I am fonder of you, than of everything (all) in the world.' 1. 20. war ihm . . . gut, 'foved him,' lit. 'was good (kindly dis- posed) to him.' 1. 24. Wie sie— hatte, 'now when she had arrayed herself in fine attire.' P. 58, 1. I. und ward— wusste, * and began to feel so very, very terrified, that she didn't know what to do (how to contain herself) ' ; comp. the repetition of giftig above, p. 54, 1. 31. 1. 4. doch liess— Ruhe, 'yet she had no rest, couldn't rest,' lit. 'it left her no rest;' es is indef.— sie musste fort (gehen),'' she was compelled to go.' 1. 6. erkannte sie ; sie is nom. 1. 7. vor— regen, 'and for fear and fright she stood still, and couldn't move ; ' vor indicates cause. 1. 8. Aber es waren, etc., es represents the actual subj. (Pantof- feln) before the verb. 1. 9. Kohlenfeuer, pL, but trans, 'over a coal-fire,' as though it were sing. 1. II. musste sie— treten, 'she was forced to put her feet in (step into) these red-hot shoes.' \ JOO HANS IM GLUCK. HANS IM GLitCK. cleLf ' " '"'"' " '• "' ^^^ '^"-' the .aster ; dieser would be gehen. ' '''^'^ '" ^^ ^""^^ ^S^'" to my mother ; ' supply J: ^ i^^;:;;u;:Tr'' ^-his sense it is also neut. See Gloss. !• lo. machte — HauR«> «c^f J. II. una immer — setzte 'nnri i-^^. -,- the other ; ' .■.., step by ^p "'' '^'^'"^ °"^ ^^^^ (leg) before 1. 12. kam-Augen, « he descried a rider 'lit '-. r.Vi.r .': x';! k"rZ-wt'.l:f„°"' "T" '"! ""=^'"8) *™'« a .one.- 1 IS P" ^ ^ gets on, without knowing how.' find i.t ;^;m twrr:^ T"'" ""= " '°^'' 'o car^. you-n 1 . Koir u ^?""^'^^«^"^rag yourself with it.' sHouM ,. .as, ».!.■:: \;L^:,:-t f;r r?^'' -' mean it to go.' ini^ers., Jit. 'when you 1. 7. mit-schnalzen, ' to smack (click with) your tongue ' ^ frank und frei. ' gaily. '-Uber ein wiflchen.^^L a little J' \\ TJT"^ 'u ^'^'"' ' *^'^t he would like to go.' shIVfstrgTrtT"'' ''-'-'' " '-' '--'y^^ '- 'P- ^-elf into a 1. 14- ehe-v^rsah, 'before Jack knew what he was about, where NOTES, lOI he was,' lit. 'expected it. '-war er abgeworfen (worden) «he hid been (was) thrown ;» plupf. pass. aen;, he had P. 60, I. 16. ware auch, « would have run away, too.' 1. 18. des W-;ges, 'that way,' adv. gen. 1. 19. suchte-zusammen, 'picked himself (lit. his limbs) up (to- ge her).'-niachte-Beine, 'got on his legs again.' ^ ^ 1. 21. emschlechterSpasz, 'poor fun.' 1. 23. stSszt, 'bumps you, jolts you,' or 'kicks.' 1. 24. dass man-kann, 'so that a fellow might ],reak his neck j' kannen expressing possibility.-ich setze-auf, 'never, never willl mount (a horse) again.' 1. 25. da lob' ich-Kuh, 'now, I much prefer, would rather have dat rrT^? ^T """' "•■ '^""' "^^ " ^°^^^ ^^^^"g'' ^'^ - «thi-l clat. (reft.). See note to p. 7, 1. 2. 2iif" ^^'~^*"^' '^^^^^ ^"">d I (""t) give, to have ,a cow like 1. 30. geschieht-Gefallen, 'if it would be doing you so great a oTwohn" r = "" '°-'° -ill-wohl. ' I'll ,.anage, makT shift • to (wohl) exchange,' etc., 'I wouldn't mind exchanging.' \_ 32. mit tausend Freuden, 'with the greatest delight.' P. 61, 1. I. vor sich her, 'along before him.' 1. 3- daran-fehlen, 'surely I shall not want for that.' 1. 4. dazu, 'with it.' 1. 7. asz . . . reinauf, * devoured,' lit. 'eat clean up. » 1. 9. Mittag- ; a hyphen after a word indicates that the latter com- ponent of a compound word (here Bret) is common to several nouns and expressed only with the last. Compare ' ein- und ausgetral gen etc., p. 45, 1. 28.-liess sich . . . einschenken, 'ordered,' ht ordered to be poured out for himself ; ' sich. dat. of advantage, i. II. immer-zu, 'straight on towards his mother's villace ' ie where she lived. ^ ' ' 1. 14. wohl-dauerte, which extended probably (wohl) an hour's walk further.'_Da ward-klebte, 'then he grewquite hot, so tha tuhZst. " '"^ '" ''^'^^ '"■■ ^'•"^'' '"•• "'^ "^"^^ -- P-'^^^ tobe'L^rT~*''\^'"; •^'^^^^'^-'•-'-edy for this,' lit. ' this thing is J /^'^^';^''^>/^"»^^l'«'^ ; ' the supine expresses capability. ,«Ji '\ "**'"" * ■ • ""'^'"' '''''^'^ ""'^^'' nrposc ' Konf ■ .^'' ^'l '?'; : '"'^''^ ' ' expression of astonishment. -strich-. Kopf, smoothed his hair down over his head.' .Jki"^.,"'^*""^"*' '^^^^^^"'•e it's a good thing. '-ins Haus ab- schlachten, 'slaughter for domestic use,' lit. 'into the houVe ' was fflrTer^^"'''^' ' ''''"' ^"'"'"^''^ "^ "^'"^ y^" '^-« (it gives) ; • was far he.e expresses quantity (:= wie viel), not, as is generally he case qualuy ('what kind of')._Aber ich-viel. 'but I don' c re much for beef ; ' Rindfleisch is the general wo;d ior beef. 1 ni/lili* ' '^*''7^*"^' 'y^«' (happy the man) who has (should have) a p.ghke yours (such a pig) ; ' supply glttcklich wfire before wer . a Das schmeckt-Warste. 'that has quite a different iie . 9. H»r 'hark ye.' 'look here.'-euch zu Liebe, 'to please oblige you,' ht. ' for love to (of) you.' ^ ' 1. II. Gott lohn', etc 'God ' ' -ic, vxocj ,c«uiu you ror your friendliness/ NOTES. 103 •reward yottt friendliness to you;' euch is dat., Freundschafi lit. ace. P. 6a, 1. 13. ihm, the butcher ; lieas sich— geben, * had the pig untied from the barrow (for himself), and the rope to which it was tied put into his hand.' 1. 15. zog weiter, 'went on ;' Ziehen is here neut. verb of motion. — wie ihm— gienge, • how everything actually turned out just as he wished,' lit. 'went according to his wish;' doch maybe left un- translated. 1. 16. begegnete— gemacht, ' if he met with any annoyance what- ever (ja) it was at least (doch) immediately made good (remedied) again.' 1. 18. danach, 'after this,' — der trug, 'carrying.' 1. 20. Sie boten—Zeit, 'they gave each other good day.' 1. 24. Hebt einmal, ' just lift it (and feel).' 1. 25. die ist— worden, 'but then (auch) it's been fattening for eight weeks.' 1. 29. die— Sau, 'it is a good weight (lit. ' has its weight '), but my pig is no hog either,' i.e., is not a bad pig, not to be despised. 1. 30. sah sich . . . ganz bedenklich um, ' looked round with a most alarmed air.' 1. 32. achttttelte auch wohl, etc., 'and shook his head as well (auch wohl).' 1. 33. mag's— sein, ' I am afraid there's something wrong about your pig,' lit. 'it may not be all right with, etc.;' mfigen expressing probability. See Gloss. P. 63, 1. 2. ist eben— worden, ' one has just been stolen out of the bailiff's sty.' 1. 4. ihr habt's— Hand, 'that's the one you have there in your hand.'— Sie haben ; sie is indef. 1. 5. es— Handel, 'it would be a bad business.' 1. 6. das geringste— werdet, 'at the very least, you'll be put in the black-hole (lock-up),' lit. 'the least thing will be, etc.;' dass is omitted in the second sent. 1. 7. dem guten— bang, 'poor Jack got frightened ; ' Hans, dat. aiter bang werden. 1. 9. ihr wisst— Bescheid, 'you are better acquainted in this neighborhood (than I am).' 1. II. Ich muss P on, etc., 'I shall have to risk something, to be sure (schon).' °' \ 104 ///INS Uf cri'CA: I '1 h.rnrh r ','"= '"''" ("■= ""-""'S'') "' tl- bargui,,.. i. 19. nernach, «and next.' 1. 20. das gibt, ' that will furnish ; ' pres. for fut. . 21. auf. ' for,' in reference to future time with ace. 1. 23. will ich wohl, « I shall he sure to ' was l^rmr.""'""*'"' ''^" '^''^'^'^^^ '"^ "-''-- -" 1- ;• 1. 28. dazu, ' to it.' ,-.,.., to the humming of the wheel 1. 30. und hange-Wind. «and hang my cloak to smt the wind ' .^.. to keep .toff me; a proverb meaning that he can -xdJ h7I if tc) circumstances ; as we speak of ' trimmh,g one's s'lls'tTpn. rr- renders very well : Tor all that IZ::::^^, ^^1 :; I. 31. sahihmzu, 'w&tched hini.» nel'inf ■ -^""^ *^'^*'' '^°*'^' '""•' 'y"" "^"^^ ^ getting on well pros- Penng s.nce.' etc.. lit. ' it fares well with you.' etc. ' ^ 1 , ni '•J'",""^*'"^ Schleifen. 'over your grinding.' (1> Uom) ' .tmnrr~^'''"' ' ^^^'^ '^^ ^ ^^'^'^ f-"»^^-» V«»ouom; , a common German proverb. 1. 3. Ein rechter Schleifer, ' a good grinder. ' poc.:;:::^^^::^:- - ^- -^^ ^^^^ -- ^-m) into .. JaLe'Dit'sf '""•''"' '""'• ^'''^'^•> t'^-twas.'etc.-sieben jahre Dienst, 'seven years' service ;' the two substs. are in annosi tion, as ,n the case of nouns of measure. ^ ' it \o 'tLf^K ^^'■'f-^'^"^*^*^*' ''f you can only manage (lit. bri... It to that) to hear (that you hear) the money Vattle rh.mn^ ;., pocket whene you stand up. you will have m'ar ;ti^Sn:" ^'^"'• se Ibst . n ; \^, "^^^^«-y-'-"ff<=nt"ch. "really. '-das aridere- wm L irs^'^ ^'' ^^"^^ °^ ''' °-" --''' ^■-' -^^y -ugh. lit. I. 21. dafUr-geben. 'but then you shall not (I won't ask vou UA give me anything else for it but your goose ' ^ '^ I 23- ^°"'ihrdas(tun)._nochfragen,'stoptoask,'lit.ir>an.ti^o fiber, cotird. conj., but ; however (when not beginning a sent. ). abermals, adv., time, a second time, again, once more, ibhauen, v. a. .sep., hieb, ge- hauen, to hew off, hack off, cut off. fibkaufen, v. a. sep. w., to buy from, purchase from (dat. of pers. without prep. ). ablaufen, v. n. (eein) sep., lief, gelaufen, Uufst, etc., to run ^ out, expire (of time). ableiten, v. a. sep. w., leitete, geleitet, to lead off, lead aside or astray. fibraten, v. a. sep., riet, geraten, r&tst, r4t, to dissuade (dat. of pers.) abschlachten, v. a. sep. w., to butcher, slaughter. abschlieszen, v. a. sep., schlosz, ^ geschlossen, to lock, close. abstechen, v. a. sep., stach, ge- stochen, stich, stichsfcj to stick , (a pig, etc.), to kill. absteigen, v. n.(8cin), sep., stieg, gestiegen, to descend, dis- mount (from 9, horse, etc., gov, ' -ii/f \ 1 08 GLOSSARY. ^bstoszen, v. a. sep., stiess.ge- stoszen, staszest, topushoff: V. n. to set sail (of a vessel). abwaschen, v. a. sep., wusch, gewaschen, to wash off. abweisen, v. a. sep., wies, ge- wiesen, to send away, dismiss, reject. ' abwenden v. a. sep., wendete or wandte, gewendet or ge- wandt, to turn away, keep off : V. refl., to turn away. abwerfen, v. a. sep., warf, ge- worten, wirf, wirfst, to throw off, ach, int., ah ! oh ! alas ! Acht subst f., nop]., heed, guard; Acht haben, geben, to take need, pay attention (gov. auf ' with ace); in Acht nehmen, to take care of ; sich in Acht nehmen, to be careful, take cnrc, acht, card, num., indecl., eieht • ord., der achte, the eighth ' \ achtcn, V. aw., to value, esteem ; hoch achten, to respect or esteem highly. Acker (Engl, "acre"), subst. m. ' ^frf'i?'- decker, field, plough' ed field [acre, (measure of land) • m this sense has pi. 1 all (aller, alle, alles, pl.^'alle), mdef. num. adj., all, every; „ Alles (subst.), everything, everv- ^^ody; pi. Alle, everybody, all; ^as ?lles, whatever (see K. n /i> 1. 3. note). . 'I- allem, adj., alone (used as pred only, vyith few exceptions). al em, adv., only ; conj., but (if at beginning of sent., throws subi after verb). ■"■ alltmal, frequent, num. adv., on every occasion, always. aller—, prefix before superl. adi. and adv. used to make them more emphatic, as: allerschfin- ste der, die das), the faires" i ^°" be^»tiful of all ; am aller- I ,, *^^**?' '""St willingly (of all) allerhand allerlei, van indecl. I num., of all kinds or sorts (really a compound gen. f., aller- Lei or -Hand; Lei is obsolete). allerorten, adv. gen. pi., every- where (= aller Orten, (in) every place). D., p. 17, 1. 26. ^ ailgemein, adj., universal, gen- eral; adv., universally, generally. Almosen, subst. n., gen. -s, pi. — , alms, charity [from same source as Eng. "alms"]. als, conj. , than (in comparisonsof in - equality) J as (of equality); when (ot time past, but with impf. and plupf. only, and then of a sinde isolated, past action, concurrent with some other action ; of ha- bitual action wenn is used, even with these tenses ; wann is in- terrog. (see under wenn and wann); but (after a neg. ) ; nichts als, nothing but. Syn., wie; als , IS preferable to wie in compar- isonsof m'^nuality, /.,■., after the compar. degree, though both are common ; in comparisons of i equality (= Eng. "as"), als in- dicates uientity, wie similaritv, thus : er kommt ALS ein Kft' nig, "he comes as a king " ({ c WIE em Kfinig:, he comes like a king (though, he is not neces- sanly a king). See wie. als(o)bald, adv. of time, immedi- ately, straightway. also, adv., accordingly, thus [never = "also"]. ^' alt, adj., comp. alter, old ; subst. m der Alte, th^ .'d man ; ein Alter, an old man (follows dec). GLOSSARY. 109 uperl. adj. 'a'est machen, to frighten, terrify]. angstlich, adj., timid, anxious, fearful; adv., timidly; wie S. wird mir's zu Mut, how timid . I feel to-day. R., p. 13, 1. 15. anhaben, v. a. sep. irreg., (hatte, gehabt, hast, hat), to have on, wear ; einem etwas a., to have some power against a person, to be able to do a person harm or injury ; (antun is used with the same meaning), anhalten, v. a, sep., hlclt, ge- halten, hSltst, h<, to spur on to (gov. zu); v. n., to continue, go on ; (also in the directly op- posite sense) to stop, halt (i.e., ^ " continue in the same place"). anheben, v. a. and n. sep., hob or hub, gehoben, to begin, com- mence. anklopfen, v. a. sep. w., to knock (at a door, etc.; gov. an with ace). ankommen, v. n. (sein) sep., kam, gekommen, kommst or kfimmst, to arrive ; schlimm a., to come off badly, make a bad bargain. anlegen, v. a. sep. w., to lay a \ no GLOSSARY. plan, a plot, etc., to lay along- side; to put on (clothes, etc.); die Bflchse a., to take aim with the "fie Hay it against the cheek). /^•. p. 14, 1. 6; Hand a., to , lend a hand. K., p. 4, ]. ' l^ong for. S., see note p. 55, ]. anmachen,v.a.sep.w.,tokindle (a fire, etc.). annehmen, v. a. sep., nahm, ge- nommen, nimm, nimmst, to . accept, to take on, assume. anordnen, V. a. sep. w., to order, , arrange, ordain. ■ '''''?.T^^''^\^'c'^ Sep. w., to seize, i ^ take hold of. ' anprobiren, v. a. sep. w. (part. ^ probirt), to try on. ^' anreden, v. a. sep. w., redete, ^ geredet, to speak to, address. anregen, v. a. sep. w., to stir up, incite. ^' anrflhren, v. a. sep. w., to touch ans, contr. for an das. ansehen, v. a. sep., sah, gese- nen, sieh, siehst, to regard, look at, esteem. Ansehen, subst. n. (inf. of pre- ceding), gen. -s, no pi., appear- ance; a, p. 38^ ]. 20; look, > looking at; S., p. 53, 1. 28. anstellen, v. a. sep. m'., to ap- point, arrange, institute; v. ^ refi., to pretend. anstoszen, v. a. sep., stiess, ge- stoszen, stdszest, stCszt, to knock, strike against (gov. an with ace). I antun, V. a. Sep., tat, getan, to' put on, inflict (dat. of pers.); put ^ on (clothing, etc.);esjemanden (dat.) antun, to charm, bewitch \ a person; v. refl., to attire, ar- ray, clothe one's self (gov. mit) ' Antlitz, subst. n., gen. -es,p]. -e, tace, countenance. Antwort, subst. f., pi. .«„, an. swer, reply; (the primitive Wort, ^ "word," isn.). antworten, v. n. (haben) w antwortete, geantwortet, to answer, reply (with dat. of , pers.). anziehen, v. a. sep., zog, gezo- gen, to attract ; to put on (of ^"^i".? ^T'."^- ^- ^"P- ^^ ^flndete, geztindet, to kindle, light (a candle, etc.). fe •• ^'^ Apfel. subst. m.,gen.-s, pi. Aep. I lei, apple. ^ core") S ''" ''PP^^ ^"^ *^'^ ^ton'''''^*''-/c' P'- -en. labour, toil work. (Syn., Werk = the ^ work done), arbeiten, v. n. (haben) w., ar- bejtete, gearbeitet, to labor, toil, work. ' I ^^I'l^'tl """ ^"^^^^^ suspicion; Arg haben, to be suspicious. arg, adj., comp. Srger, bad. Aerger, subst. m., gen. -s, vexa- tion, anger. Arm, subst. m., gen. .(e)s, pi. -e, arm. ^ ' ' 1 j arm, adj., comp. armer, poor. I Armut, subst. f„ „o pi., p^^. Art, subst. f., pi. .en. manner, kind, species ; auf diese Art ^ in this manner. lartig, adj.,, good, well-behaved; I iprettyj. ' Asche, subst. f., no pi., ashes. Aschenputtel, subst. n., prop gen. -s, Cinderella (from Asche and putteln, Hessian dial • Engl, -puddle," to roll, wal- low; Scotch "Ashiepattle") Atem, subst. m., gen. -s, no pi.. i>i"crilii, - - G LOSS A 7^ Y. Ill atmen, v. a. and n. (haben) w., atmete, geatmet, to breaUie, draw breath, auch, adv. and conj., too, also ; besides. auf, adv., up ; auf und ab, up and down (stairs). auf, prep., gov. dat. and ace, ,(Engl. "up"); with dat.. on, upon (refers to anything resting upon or over, or moving towards, a horizontal surface, in reference to place ; used also of places that are on an eminence, as castle, etc.); with ace, to, to the top of (see an) ; auf diese Art, Weise, "in this man- ner ; " (of time) for (in reference to a future period of time), as : auf ihr Lebtag, "for life;" auf zwei Tage, "for two daVs (to come)." aufeinmal, adv. phrase, at once, all at once, suddenly. aufblicken, v. n. (haben) sep. ^ w., to look up, glance upwards. aufessen, v. a. sep., asz, ge- gessen, iss, issest, isst, to ^ eat up, consume, devour. auffordern, v. a. sep. w., to sum- mon, demand, challenge, require (a pers. to do a thing ; gov. zu) ; invite, ask (a person to dance, etc.; claim (as a partner); A., p. 5: 1. 20. aufgehen, v. n. (sein)sep.,gieng, gegangen, to rise (of the sun, moon, etc.); to open (of a door, etc.); [aufstehen — "to rise" ^ of persons (out of bed)]. aufhalten, v. a. sep., hielt, ge- halten, haltst, halt, to hold up ; to detain. aufheben, v. a. sep., hob or hub, gehoben, to lift up, raise; to preserve ; to do away with, an- nil] »>-»«lrrt ,»f «,^ „£C_ -* tlufhelfen, v. n. scj)., half, ge- holfen, hilf, hilfst, to help up ^ (with dat. of pers.). aufhfiren, v. n. (haben) sep. w., ^ to stop, cease, desist. aufiaden,v. a. sep., lud, geladen, ^ to load on one's self, to take up. aufiegen, v. a. sep. w., to lay upon, impose (dat. of pers., ace. of thing). aufmachen, v. a. sep. w., to open (a door, etc.); [sich auf- machen (or auf den Weg ^ machen), to set outj. aufrichten, v. a. sep. w., richtete, gerichtet, to raise up, set up, set upright ; v. refl., to raise one's self up, sit upright. aufriegeln, v. a. sep. w., to un- bolt, open (a door, etc.). aufs, contr. for auf das. aufschlagen, v. a. sep., schlug, geschlagen, schlagst, to cast ^ up, raise (the eyes). aufschliessen, v. a. sep., schloss, geschlossen, to unlock, open (a d./or, etc.). J aufschneiden, v. a. sep., schnitt, i ^ geschnitten,tocutup, cutopen. aufschnflren, v. a. sep. w., to unlace. aufschwingen, v. refl. sep., schwang, geschwungen, to mount (a horse, etc.); vault (into a saddle, on horseback, etc. ). aufsetzen, v. a. sep. w., to set on, upon, put on; v. refl., to mount (a horse, etc.). aufsitzen, v. n. (sein) sep., sasz, gesessen, to sit up ; to mount (a horse, etc., = sich auf- , setzen; J., p. 27, 1. 7). aufspannen, v. a. sep. w., to hoist (snil). aufspringen, v. n. (sein) sep., sprang, gesprungen, to jump up, spring up ; spring open, fly open (of a door). \ 112 GLOSSARY. r.ufstehen, v. n. (sein) sep., stand, gestanden, to stand up, get up, rise (from bed); [of pers. ; aufgehen, of the sun, etc.] ; to ^ stand open or ajar (of a door). aufstellen, v. a. sep. w., to set ^ up, place upright ; set on, put on. auftun, V. a. sep., tat, getan, to <)l)eii. rlufwachen, v. n. (sein) sep. w., to awake, wake up. aufwecken, v. a. sep. w., to awaken, arouse. riufzehren, v. a. sep. w., to con- sume, devour. Auge, subst. n., gen. -s, pi. -n, eye. Augenblick, subst. m. compd. (Auge, "eye," Blick, "glance"), gen. -(e) s, pi. -e, moment, min- ute (lit. "glance or flash of the eyes"). aus, prep., gov. dat. only, out of, from (motion), from, through (cause). Ausbund, subst. m., gen. -es, pi. -bttnde, or -bunde, pattern, paragon (of excellence) [orig. the piece of cloth turned out- wards as a sample of the ware, hence the best of the piece]. ausdenken, v. a. sep. irreg., dachte, gedacht, to think oi. :,' devise, invent. auseinander, part., asunder, apart (compd. from aus, "out of." cinander, indecl. recipr. pron. ' one another, each other"), auseinandertun, y. refl. sep., tat, getan, to open up. ausgehe.i,v. n. (sein) sep., gieng, gegangen, to go out ; to be extinguished (of a light); a. lassen, to issue, puljlish ; I)., auagestickt, partic. adj. (from aussticken), enjbrojdered. aushalten, v. a. sep., hielt, ge- halten, hSltst, hSlt, to hold out, endure ; v. n. (haben) to I ^ last ; to endure. i auslachen, v. a. sep. w,, to laugh } ^ at, ridicule, jeer at, deride. auslesen, v. a. sep., las, ge- i lesen, lies, liesest, liest, to pick out, select. j auspicken, v. a. sep. w., t > jieck I out. ausrichten, v. a. sep. w., richtete, gerichtet, to attend to (a mes- , sage), perform (an errand;. ausruhen, v. n. (haben) anil rcfl., Sep. w., to rest, repose. aussagen, v. a. sep. w., to ex- press, J., p. 23, 1. 31, to spread (a report, etc.). ausschicken, v. a. sep. w., to send out. ausschlagen, v. a. sep., schlug, geschlagen, schlagst, to knock or strike out ; to refuse ; v. n. (sein) imp., to turn out, issue, end, result. ausschmttcken, v. a. sep. w., to bedeck, adorn. ausseben, v. n. (haben) sep. sah, gesehen, sieh, siehst, to look out ; to look, seem (with nach and dat., or wie) ; to look like ; to resemble ; wie du aussiehst, what a figure (or guy) you are. S., p. 52, 1. 20. Musserlich, adj. (from aus), out- ward, external ; adv. outwardly, etc. I aussetzen, v, a. sep. w., to set out ; etwas an jemandem (dat.) auszusetzen haben, to ^ find some objection to a person. aussinnen, v. a. sep., sann, ge- sonnen, to think out, devise, invent. ausspeien, v. a. sep., spie, ge- spie(e)n, to spit out, txpeclo- rate, GLOSSARY. m peck ee. aussticken, v. a. sep. w., to em- broider. ausstoszen, V. a. sep., stiess.ge- stoszen, stSszest, stOszt, to thrust out, eject ; utter (a cry, etc.). uussuchen, v. a. sep. w., to seek out, choose, select. austragen, v. a. sep., trug, ge- tragen, tr&gst, to carry out [spread (a report, etc,)]. austun, V. a. sep., tat, getan, to put off, take off (clothes, etc.). ausziehen, v. a. sep., zog, ge- zogen, to pull out, draw out ; V. n., to march out, walk out, go forth, move out. Axt, subst. f., pi. Aexte, axe. B Backen, subst. m., gen.-s, pi. , cheek [also Backe, f.]. backen, v. a., buk (rare) or backte, gebacken or (rarely) gebackt, backst, or backst, to bake. Bad, subst. n., gen.-es, pi. Bad- er, bath. Bad[e]stube, sul)st. f., pl.-n, l)ath-room. Bahre, subst. f., pl.-n, bier, litter. bald, adv. of time ; comp. balder, soon ; almost, nearly. Band, subst. n., gen.-es, pi. BUnder,' ribbon. (When it sig- nifies "bond, tie, connection," etc., it has pl.-e. Band, m., means "volume," and has pi. Bande. —Bande, f., pl.-n, is a "band, gang," etc.) [Conn, with binden, "l)ind."] bang(e), adj., timid, anxious, fear- ful ; b. werden, to get fright- pers. as subject), bat, impf. of bitten, "beg." Bauch, subst. m., gen.-(e)8, pi. B&uche, stomach, belly. Bauer, subst. m., gen.~n or s, pl.-n, peasant, farmer, country- man. BSu[e]rin(n), subst. f. (from prec, pl.-en), peasant-woman, country-woman. Bauersfrau, subst. (also Bauern- frau), subst. f. comp. (Bauer and Frau, "woman"), pl.-en, peasant-woman, country-woman. Baum, subst. n., gen.-(e)8, pi. Baume, tree ; dim. B&umchen, -lein, n. [Eng. "beam,"] bed&chtig, adj. (from bedenken), cautious, careful; adv. cautiously, etc. bedenken, v. a. insep. irreg., be- dachte, bedacht, to consider, reflect ; v. refl., to bethink one's self. bedenklich, adj. (from prec), serious (needing consideration) ; dangerous. Beere, subst. f., pl.-n, berry. Befehl, subst. m., gen.-(e)s, pi. -e, command, order. befehlen, v. a, insep, (from prec), befahl, befohlen, befiehl, be- fiehlst, to command, order (dat, of pers,) ; v, refl., to commend one's self. befinden, v. refl. insep., befand, befunden, to find one's self, to be (of place, or of health). befreien, v. a. insep. w., to free, set free, liberate. begeben, v. a. imp. refl. insep., begab, begeben, begib, be- gibst, to take place, happen, come to pass. [v. a. pers., to betake one's self, go to (a place), gov. an with ace. ; or, with gen. of obj., to give up.] beffesrnen= v, n. (sein) insep. w. , begegnete, begegnet, to meet ; iiupers. to happen (dat. of pevs.). 114 GLOSSARY. begiessen, v. a. inscp., begoss, begossen, to water (flowers etc. ). beginnen, v. a. and n. (haben) insep., begann, begannen, to begin, go al)out a tiling ; im- pers. to begin, commence. begleiten, v. a. insep. w., be- gleitete, begleitet {not beglitt ; has nothing to do with gleiten, "glide," but is dcriv. of ge- leiten), to accompany. begraben, v. a. insep., begrub, begraben begr&bst, to bury (from Grab, "grave"). behalten, v. a. insep., behielt, behalten, beh<st, behalt, to keep, retain ; to remember. behend(e), adj., quick, agile ; adv. quickly. bei, prep., gov. dat. only, by, at, near ; at the house of (Fr. c/wz) [Indicates nearness to the oljj. ; it is not used, in correct lan- guage, when motion to is ex- pressed ; neben in that case re- places it] ; also used, like Eng. "by," of a part of the person touched, as : bei der Hand nehmen, "to take by the hand. " beide, indef. num. pi. m. and f., both ; with def. art. die beiden, both, both of them. beides, indef. num. n. sing., both things. _ beim, contr. for bei dem. Bein (Eng. "bone"), subst. n., gen.-(e)s, pl.-c, leg [orig. = "bane," hence coll. Gebein, "bones"], beistehen, v. n. (generally with haben, sometimes with sein), sep. stand, gestanden, to stand by, assist (dat. of pers.). bekannt, partic. adj. (from be- kennen), known to (dat. of Bekannte (der, die, das, i)l.-n), Bekannter, -e, -es (ein, eine, ein), adj. subst., person or thing known, ac([uaintancc (decl. as adj.). bekennen, v. a. insep. irreg., be- kannte, bekanat, to confess, acknowledge. bekommen, v. a. insep., bekam, bekommen, bekfimmst, orbe- kommst, to get, receive. beleiichten (from licht, "light"), V. a. insep. w., beleuchtete, beleuchtet, to light up, il- lumine. belieben, v. n. (haben) impers. insep. w., to please, like (dat. of pers. ). bellen, v. n. (haben) w., to bark. belohnen, v. a. insep. w., to re- ward, requite, repay. bemilhen, v. a. insep. w., to trouble, give trouble ; refl., to take trouble, exert one's self. bereit, adj. (pred. only, or rarely attrib.), ready, prepared (of per- sons) [Also of things, when it is contraction of bereitet, part, of bereiten, adv. bereits, "al- ready"]. Berg, subst. m., gen.-es, pl.-e, mountain, hill. bertthren, v. a, touch ; touch contact with. beschsldigen, v. a. insep. w., to harm, injure (from Schaden, "harm"). besch&inen, v. a. insep. w., to put to shame, make ashamed. besch&tnt, adj. (part, of prec), ashamed. beschauen, v. a. insep. w., to regard, examine ; v. refl., to examine, look at one's self (in a mirror). Bescheid, subst. m., gen.-(e)s, nop]., information ; B.wissen, to know, 1)C informed j Bi insep. w. upon come to in GLOSSAKY. ns to geben, lo give information, tell ; B. tun, to drink a per- son's health (dat. of pers.). beschenken, v. a. insep. w. (with ace. of person, and mit), to make a present, present ; en- dow. besehen, v. a. insep., besah, be- sehen, besieh, besiehst, to look at, examine, regard. besinnen, v. a. refl. insep., be- sann, besonnen, to bethink one's self, consider, ponder, re- flect ; remember (gov. gen. or auf with ace. of thing), sich eines andern b., to change one's mind. Besinnung, subst. f., no pi., con- sciousness, reflection ; zur B. kommen, to regain conscious- ness. besonders, adv., especially, par- ticularly (from sonder, Eng. "asunder"). bes6rgen, v. a. insep. w., to take care of, attend to. besser, adj. comp. of gut, better. beste (suppH. of gut), best ; der erste be;\ •., the first that comes to hand. best&ndig, adj., constant, con- tinual ; adv., constantly, con- tinually (from following). bestehen, v. a. insep., bestand, bestanden, to stand (trial, etc.). bestreichen, v. a. insep., be- strich, bestrichen, to besmear, paint. beten, v. n. insep. w., betete, gebetet, to offer up prayer, to pray [to be distinguished from bitten, V. a. "beg," andbieten, "bid"]. betdren, v. a. insep. w., to be- fool, cheat, deceive (from Tor, "fool"). betrachten, v. a. insep. w., bc- trachtete, betrachtet, to re- gard, consider, examine, betriegen (or betrttgen), v. a. insep., betrog, betrogen, to cheat, deceive. betrilben, v. a. insep. w., to grieve, sadden (from trttbe, "sad"). Betrttbniss, subst. f., pl.-e, sor- row, grief, betriibt, part, adj., grieved, sorry, sad (from betrttben). betrttgen, see betriegen. Bett, subst. n., gen.-es, pi. -en, bed ; dim. -chen, -lein, n. Bettelmann, subst. m., gen.-(e)s, pl.-leute, beggar, beggar-man. Bettelw^ib, subst. n., gen.-(e)s, pl.-er, beggar-woman. betten, v. a., w., bettete, ge- bettet, to make a bed, or beds [refl., to lie down on a bed]. Bettler, subst. m., gen.-s, pi.-, beggar [from betteln, "beg, go a-begging," and that from bitten, "ask"]. beugen, v. a. and refl. w., to cause to bend or bow, to bend, bow down. Beute, subst. f., no pi., booty. bewachen, v. a. insep. w., to watch over, guard. bewahren, v. a. insep. w., to keep, preserve. bewegen, v. a. insep., bewog, bewogen, to induce (a person to do a thing ; gov. zu). bewogen, v. a. insep. w., to set in motion, move ; v. refl., to move, beweinen, v. a. insep. w., to weep for, weep over, bezahlen, v. a., w., to pay (gov. ace. of thing, and ace. or dat. of pers. ). Bier, subst. n., gen.-es, pl.-e, beer. bieten, v. a., bot, geboten, to Ii6 ai.OSSAh'Y. offer, i)ul ; die Zeit b., to bid i;otHl-(l.iy (to 1)C ilistinfjuislied roni beten ami bitten). Bild, subst. 1)., gcn.-es, pl.-er, jiicture, image. Bildniss, subst. n., gon.-es, pl.- e, picture, portrait. binden, v. a., band, gebunden, to bind, tie. Binse, subst. f., pl.-n, reed, rush. Binsenseil, subst. u. comp., gen. -(e)s, pl.-e, rope of rushes, rush- rope. Birne, subst. f., pl.-n, pear. Birnbaum, subst. m., gcn.-es, pl.-baume, pear-tree. bis, conj. and prep, (with ace), till, until. [As prep, it fre- (piently takes another prep., sig- nifying motion toward, after it. J Bis sen, subst. m., gen.-s, pi.-, bit, morsel. Bitte, subst. f., pl.-n, prayer, request. bitten, v. a., bat, gebeten, to beg, ask, request (to be dis- tinguished from beten, *• offer prayer," and bieten). [bitte, (for ich bitte)— "please, piay."] Bitten, subst., inf. of prec. gen. -s, no pi., request, prayer. A., p. 3. 1- i6. bitter, adj., bitter. bitterlich, adv., bitterly. blasen, v. n. (haben), blies, ge- blasen, bl&sest, bl&st, to blow. blass, adj., comp., blftsser, pale. Blatt, subst. n., gen.-es, pi. Bl&tter, leaf ; dim. Bl&ttchen. bleiben, v. n. (sein), blieb, ge- blieben, to stay, remain, bleich, adj., pale (Eng. " bleach"). Blick, subst. m., gen.-(e)s, pl.-e, look, glance. blicken, v. n. (haben) w., to glance, look, biinken, v. n. (haben) w., to shine, glitter, flash (of metals). bios, adj., bare, naked ; adv., barely, merely, only. Blume, subst. f., pl.-n, flower, blossom. Blut, sul)st. n., gen.-es, no pi., l)lood. Bldtstropfen, subst. m. comp., get'. -8, pi. , drop of blood. Boden, sul)st. m., gen.-s, pi. B5den, bottom ; ground, soil ; floor. bohren, v. a. w., to l)ore. b5s(e), adj., evil, wicked, angry ; adv., wickedly, maliciously. boshaft, adj., spiteful, malicious. Bosheit, subst. f., pi. -en, wicketl- ness, malice. Braten, subst. m., gen.-s, pi. , roast (of meat). braten, v. a. and n. (haben and sein), briet, gebraten, brfttst, brftt, to roast. brauchen, v. a. \v., to use, make use of ; to need, require (gov. another verb in the supine, i.e.^ with zu). Braut, subst. f., pi. Br&ute, bride, betrothed. Br^utkleid, subst. n. comp., gen. -es, pl.-er, bridal garment. Brautleute, subst. pi. comp.. betrothed couple, bride and groom. brechen, v. a.,brach, gebrochen, brich, brichst, to break ; to pick (flowers) ; v. n. (sein), to break. brennen, v. n. (haben) irreg., brannte, gebrannt, to be on fire, be consumed, be burnt, burn. bringen, v. a. irreg., brachte, gebracht, to bring, fetch. Brocken, subst. m., gen.-s, pi. , crumb, bit, morsel. Brot (or Brod), subst. n., gen.- es, pi. Brote, bread ; loaf, dim. Br5tchen, little loaf. crossAkY. 117 pi., Brotkruste, Bubst. f. coin])., ])l. -n, bread-crust. Bruder, subst. in., geii.-s, pi. Brttder, brother ; dim. Biiider- chen. Brunnen, su))st. m., gcn.-s, ]>!. , spring, w('ll, fountain ; dim. Brttnnlein [Scutch, "burn"]. Brust, subst. f., pi. Briiste, breast, bosom. brutzeln, v. n. (haben) w., to crackle, sputter (the noise made by frying meat, etc.). [Imita- tive word.] Bttchse, subst. f., pl.-n, rifle, gun. Buchstab(e) (or Buchstaben), subst. m., gen.-n, -ns, d.it. acc.-n, pl.-n, letter of the alphabet [from Buch, " book," and Stab, "staff," since the old Germanic letters (runes) were in the shape of staves or twigs. Compare decl. of Friede, Glaube, etc.] btlcken, v. refll., w., to stoop, bend down. Bund, subst. m., gen.-es, pl.-e (sometimes Bilnaie), bunch (of keys) ; bond, band, union. bunt, adj., motley, variegated, of many colors, bright. Bursch, gcn.-n, pl.-e [or Bursche, gen.-n, pl.-n], fel- low, lad. bilrsten, v. a. w., bttrstete, ge- bttrstet, to brush. Busch, subst. m., gen-es, pi. Bfische, bush. Butter, subst. f., no pi., butter. [This letter never, or rarely, ap- pears at the beginning of German words, or indeed at all, except in ihc combiriiuioris Zu, c^i, tne lUtter D D. This letter is pronounced as in Knglish, except at the end of words, or of syllables before a cons. da, adv. of place, there ; used be- fore preps, that gov. ilat. or ace, mstead of the neut. pers. pron. when referring to tilings without life; may also in this case replace the 111. or f. pers. pion., as darauf, tiieieon, on it, etc. da, rel. adv. of i)lace, where ; used also for rel. pron. referring to things (see was). da, adv. <;f time, then, thereupon j now; so, therefore. J., p. 21, 1. 9, note. da, rel. adv. of time, when, where- on, whereupon. da, caus. conj., wli;;reas, since, because ; so. dabei, adv., near it, (close) by it (of position) ; at it, thereat ; at the same time ; withal. dabeistehen, v. n. (haben) sep., stand, gestanden, to stand by, stand close by, be near. Dach, subst. n. (Eng. "thatch"), gen. -(e) s, pi. D&cher, roof. dachte, impf. md. of denken, "think." dafttr, adv., for it, in return for it, in place of it. daheim, .idv. of place, at home. daheimbleiben, v. n. (sein) sep., blieb, geblieben, to stay at home. daheimsitzen, v. n. (preferably conj. with haben, sometimes sein) Sep., sasz, gesessen, to sit at home, daher, adv., up, along (toward the speaker or spectator). daherfliegen, v. n. (sein) sep., standing for kk.J "5» 5VI1V5««1, ivr iijr uy, along. fmm iiS GlOSSAJiy. daherjagen, v. n. (sein) scp. w., to come rushing or plunging along. daherspringen, v. n. (sein) sep., sprang, gesprungen, to conic junjping, running along or up. ^ahin, adv., along (away from or past speaker or spectator) [ ; gone (with gegangen understood)]. dahinbringen, v. a. scp. irreg., brachte, gebracht, to bring up to a certain point (remote from speaker or spectator) ; es d., to succeed in (obtaining a certain point or object) ; to manage. dahinfahren, v. n. (sein) sep., fuhr, gefahren, f&hrst, to move along, away, pass away. dahingehen, v. n. (sein) sep., gieng, gegangen, to go along, away ; pass away. dahinreiten, v. n. (kein) sep., ritt, geritten, to ride aUmg, away. dahinter, adv., behind it, after it, at the back of it. d^liegen, v. n. (sein), lag, ge- legen, liege, liegst, to lie there. D&lle [also Dalle], subst. f., pi. -n, hollow, dent, depression (im- pression made by the figure of a person lying on a bed). S. [Conn, with Tal, "valley."] damit, adv., therewith, with it ; conj., in order that. danach, adv., thereafter, after that ; afterward ; according to that, accordingly. Dank, subst. m., gen.-(e)s, no pi., thanks ; reward. danken, v. n. w., to thank, return thanks for (gov. fttr) ; to owe (ace. of thing, uat. of pers.). dann, adv. of time, then (dist. fr. denn, conj., "for"). daran, thereto, to it, up to it (contr. dran). daransetzen, v. a. refl. sep. w., to set to work at anything ; Ct- was d., to slake something on it. daranwenden, v. a. sep. w., wendete or wandte, ge- wendet or gewandt, to spend time or trouble on a thing ; to sacrifice ; etwas d., io take some trouble alunit it. darauf, adv., thereon, thereup n, thereat, thereto ; on it, at it, to it (contr. drrxuf) ; adv. of time, thereupon, then. daraufschwingen, v. refl. sep., schwang, geschwungen, to vault upon (a horse, into the saddle). dareus, adv., out of it, therefrom, from it (contr. draus). darf, pres. ind. of dUrfen ; see below. darin, adv., therein, in it (contr. drin). darinstehen, v. n. (haben) sep., stand, gestandeu, to stand tlierein, in it. darliber, adv., above it, over it ; about or concerning it, at it (contr. driiber). darum, adv., for this or that rea- son, therefore, for it, about it (contr. drum). dariinter, adv., under it, beneath it (contr. drunter) ; among it or them. das, neut. of der, def. art., de- mon str. and rel. pron. ; used be- fore the verb "to be" even whei> a m., f., or pi. subj. fol- lows, the verb then agreeing with the subj. that folloivs in number, ''.g., das sind meine Schwestern, "those are my sisters." dass, subord. conj., that. [When dass is omitted, the sent, has the constr. of a principal sent., and is put in the subj. See App. I., § i8.] GLOSS, t A' y. !19 ; et- on it. w., ge- spenil y ; to I lake dauern, v. n. (haben) w., to last, endure. ITIioio is another verb dauern,.-!. impers., •• to move to pity," ('.,(,'., es dauert mich, I pity, am sorry.] davon, adv., thereof, of it ; there- from, from it, by reason of this ; away, off. davonlauien, v. n. (sein) sep., lief, gelaufen, l&ufat, to run away or off. davonreiten, v. n. (sein) scp., ritt, geritten, to ride away or off^. davor. adv., before it, before that (time, order) ; at it, from it (cause). dazu, adv., thereto, to it; be- sides. Dcckbettchen, suljst. n. dim., gen.-s, pi. , coverlet. Decke, subst. f., pl.--n, cover. Deckel, subst. m., gcn.-s, pi. , lid, cover. decken, v. a. w., to cover. dein, pers. pron., gen. of du, " thou ;" hence : dein, deine, dein, poss. adj., sec- ond pers. sing., thine, your. denken, v. n. (haben) w. , irreg., dachte, gedacht, to think (gov. gen. or an with ace). denn, coord, conj., for (dist. from dann, adv. •' then"). der, die, das, def. art., the. der, die, das, demonstr. pron. (when used without subst. has gen. sing, dessen, deren, des- sen ; gen. pi. deren, dat. pi. denen), this, that. der, die, das, rel. pron. (inter- changeable with welcher, which it always replaces in gen. sing, m. and n., and after a pers. pron.), who (of persons), which (of things), that (persons and thinssV I The rel. "ron. is never omitted in Germ, j dere(n)twillen (um), rel. pron. and i)rep., for the .sake of, or on account of, whom or which. derweil, rel. adv., in the mean- time, meanwhile ; whilst (com- pounded of der, demonstr. or rel. pron. f. sing, gen., and Weile, "while," adv. gen. of time). dick, adj. [thick, dense], stout. dienen, v. n. (haben) w., to serve, do service (dat. of pers.). Diener, subst. m., gen.-s, pi. , servant (from prec). Dienst, subst. m., gen.-es, pl.-e, service (from dienen). ( r, -e, -es, demonstr. pron., , that (more common than jener) ; denotes the nearer of two objects, hence the latter, last mentioned, in oppos. to jener. diesmai, adv., this time. Ding, subst. n., gen.-(e)s, pl.-e, thing [the pi. Dinger is used in speaking of children, etc., as "little things," or "creatures"]; guter Dinge sein, "to be of good cheer" "be in a good humour." A., p. 3, 1. 6. Dime, subst. f., pl.-n, maid- servant, girl, wench [from same root as dienen]. doch, coord, conj. and adv., still, yet, however, nevertheless, m- deed, at least. [When it begins the princ. sent., the verb comes after it ; sometimes it causes the verb even to stand first ; it generally, however, follows the verb. It is often very difficult lo give the exact forte of this particle in Eng. ; see the notes. With the imper. it means "pray, please, do," conveying em- phasis.] Dorf, subst. n. (Eng. "thorp," in liron nam*»c^ rrt^-n /^\» f>1 r — r- — /} & \-/-7 i"» Ddrfer, village. ■■•■ 120 crossAKV. Dorn, subnt. m., gon.-(e)8, pl.-e, and -en, th«>in. Dornenhecke, subst, f. comp., pl.-n, thorn-hedijc. Dornrttschen, sulist. n. dim. l)ii)p., gt-'n.-s, Biiar-rosc, Rosa- mond (the name of the Sleeping Ucauty). dort, adv. of place, there, in that place (more definite than da), dorthin, adv. of place, to that l)lace, thither (motion from speaker toward the place). draussen (for da-r-aussen), adv., outside, without, drehen, v. a. w., to turn, twist. drei(e), card, num., three; ord. dritte, third, dreimal, freq. num. adv., three limes. dreizehn, comp. card, num., thirteen ; ord. di'eizehnte, thirteenth. dringen, v. n. (sein), drang, ge- drungen, to penetrate (g^>v. dutch and in with ace.) ; in je- manden (ace.) d. (haben), to urge a person strongly. drinnen (contr. for da-r-innen), adv., within. dritte (der, die, das ; ein dritter), third (ord. of drei). Drossel, suljst. f., pl.-n, thrush. Drosselbart, subst. m. prop., gen.-(e)s. Thrush-beard, nick- name given to the hero of the Tale of that name, drticken, v. a. w., to press, squeeze. drttckend, adj. (part, of prec), pressing, oppressive, du, pers. pron. second pers. (gen. dein, dat. dir, ace. dich, pi. ihr, gen. euer, dat. ace. euch), thou, you (used in addressing any pers. with whom we do not use ceremony, as the licuy, inti- mate friends, parents, children). dumm, adj., comi)ar. dttmmer, stu])id. dunkel, adj. (compar. dunkler), dark [, obscure. Syn. finster, dark, gloomy, melancholy). Dunkelheit, subst. f., no pi., darkness, obscurity. dutch, prep. (gov. ace. only), ♦hrough, Ity means (agency or iustr.). dutchaus, adv., by all means, in any case (emphatic. See A., p. 9, I. 21, note). durchbohten, v. a. insep. w., to pierce. diitchgehen, v. n. (sein) sep., gieng, gegangen, to run away (of ft horse) [original meaning : "to go througii " — dufch- gehen, insep., means "to g > over "J. dttrfen, v. n. (haben) irreg. (pres, ind. datf, datfst, darf, pi. dtttfen, etc. ; pres. subj. dttrfe ; impf. ind. durfte ; imi)f. subj. dttffle ; part, gedutft), aux. v. of mood, to dare, be permuted, be allowed, may. [Indicates permission, possibility, proba- bility (in subj.) ; like the other verbs of this class, takes inf. ft)r I part, after another inf. in comp. I tenses, e.g., et hat es tun I dttrfen, he has been allowed to do it. In a subord. sent., the ' aux. of tense jirecedes the inf., as : Et sagte, dass et es habe i tun dtttfen, "he said he had been allowed to do it." See App. I., § 15 ] , dtttf, adj., dry, dried up, barren ; dead (of a tree, etc., H., p. 61, 1. 19)- , Durst, subst. ni., gen.-es, no pi., thitst. dttrsten, v. n. (haben) impers. w., be thirsty (with ace. of the peib. GLOSSARY. \1\ correspontling to subj. of Eng. verb, e.^., mich dttrstet, •*! am thirsty"). durstig, adj., thirsty. E E, lije fifth letter of the alphabet, has five difTcrcnt uronunciatioiis : (1) when long, like a in hate ; (2) when short, like e in hen ; (3) before r, almost like ai in ait; or rather like the French ^ oiivert ; (4) in terminal and formative unaccented syllables followed by a consonant, almost mute, e.g., enden, pron. as though spell endn ; (5) in final unaccented syllaltles, not fol- lowed by a consonant, like a short final a, as in Louisd, e.g., Ende, pron. etiddh, not ettiiay or en dee. eben, adj., even; adv. just, just now. Ebenholz, subst. comp. n. (from Eben, "ebony," holz, "wood"), gon.-es, no [il., ebony, cbony- v/ood (a black, glossy sub- stance). Ecke, subst. f., pl.-n, corner. edel, adj., noble [found in the , Saxon names Athelstan, etc. J. Edelman, subsi. comp. m., gen. , -(e)s, pl.-leute, nobleman. Edelstein, subst. comp. m., gen. -(e)s, pl.-e, precious stone, jewel. Ehe, subst. f., pl.-n, marriage, wedlock, matrimony. ehe (or eh'), adv. (comp. eher) and conj.. befnre (often foil, by the conj. Jass). Ehr-;, subst. f., pl.-n, honor. ehrlich,adj., honourable, honest; adv., honourably, etc. ei ! interj. o^ surprise or admira- tion, ah ! oh ! Eiche, subst. t., pl.-n, oak. Eichbaum, subst. comp. m., geii. -(e)8, pl.-biiume, oak-tree, oak. Eichhorn, subst. n., geM.-(e)8, pl.-hfirner, scpurrel ; dim. -hfirnchen (not conn, with Horn]. Eid, subst. ni., gcn.-(e)8, pl.-e, oath, sworn pledge f Syn. Fluch .-"curse"]. eigen, adj. (no compar.), belonging ^to a i)erst)n, own [, peculiar], eigentlich, adj., real, actual ; adv. really, actually, properly or strictly speaking. Eile, subst. f., no pi., haste, liurry. eilen, v. n. (haben) w., to hiisten, make haste, hurry, eilends, adv. (adv. form of pres, part, of prcc), in haste, hur- riedly. adv. qu; 1:U eilig, adj., quick ; hastily. Eimer, subst. m., gen.-s, pi. , bucket, pail. ein, adv. and sep. prefix, in, into (hence, as signifying motion, usually with her or hin before verb of motion). ein, -e, ein, indef. art., a or an. Ein, Eine, Ein, or, when not foil, by a subst., Einer, Eine, Eines, num. adj., one (often spelt with capital to dist. it from the art.), also used with def. art. der, die, das Eine, etc., with weak decl., "the one," as opposed der andere, " the other;" einer, somebody (=je- mand), one (= man). einander, recipr. pron. indecl. (dat. and ace), one another, each other. [Sometimes the two parts are separated, when each is decl., as. einer schlug den Andern, for sie schlugen ein- ander.] einfallen, v. n. (sein) impers. sep.. fiel, geifallen, f&list, to occurs 122 (7/.0SSAA'V. ^ I come into one's mind (dat. of pers. ). einbandeln, v. a. sen. w., to purchase, buy, make a purchase ^of. -einholen, v. a. sep. w., to over- take. einig, adj. (of several people), united, agreed upon anything (with gen. of thing) ; des Kaufs e. sein, to be agreed upon a purchase or bargain [ ; einige, num. adj. (usually pi.), some, a few, several]. cinladen. Sep., lud or ladete, geladen, l&dst or lad- est, ladt or ladet, to invite, bid. cinlassen, v. a. sep., Hess, ge- lassen, l&ssest, lasst, to let in, admit (see also herein-, hin- einlassen); sich auf etwas e., to enter into a thing, entertain a proposition or project. cinmal (often contr. 'mal in con- versation), num. adv., once ; einmal, once upon a time, on one occasion (see also einst, einsttnals); aufe., at once, sud- denly [ ; nicht einmal = "noti once;" nicht einmal (contr. | nicht 'mal) = "not even"]. I Einrede, subst. f., pl.-n, objec- tion ; E. tun, machen, to make objection (gov. gegen) [ ; lit. **in-speech," "interrup- tion"]. einsam, adj., lonely, lonesome, solitary. einschenken, v. a. and n., sep. w., to pour out, fill up (a glass, etc.). einschlafen, v. n. (sein) sep., schlief, geschlafen, schlafst, to fall asleep, go to sleep. einschmeicheln, v. a. refll. sep. w., to insinuate one's self (into u pci • uu's good giiices) by ilnl- tery, ingratiate one's self, curry favour (gov. bei with pers.). A., p. lo, 1. 15. einst, einstmals, once, once upon a time. eintauschen, v. a. sep. w., to ob- tain in exchange for (gov. fttr). eintragen, v. a. sep., trug, ge- tragen, tragst, to bring in. elntrefien, v. n. (sein) sep., traf, getroffen, triff, triffst, to hap- |)en in, arrive ; impers. to hap- pen, arrive, come to pass. einwilligen, v. n. sep. w., to agree, consent to anything (gov. in with ace). einzeln, adj. (no compar.), soli- tary, separate [standing alone, separate from others]. einzig, adj. (no compar.), sole ; only ; unique [only occurring once, as : ihr einziges Kind, "her only child," "the only child she had," A.; this and the prec. word are not always strictly dist.]. Eisen, subst. n.,gen.-s, no pi., iron. eisern, adj., no compar., of iron, , iron. Elend, subst. n., gen.-(e)s, no pi., wretchedness, misery. elend, adj., wretched, m'serable ; adv. wretchedly, etc. elf(e) [or eilf(e)], card, num., eleven ; ord. elite, eleventh. Eltern (or Aeltern), subst. pi. comm., parents (from alter, comp. of alt, lit. "elders"). emp-, insep. prefix, used before words beginning with f- for ent-. Empfang, subst. m., gen.-(e)s, no pi., reception ; in E. nehm- en, to receive. empfangen, v. a. insep., emp- fieng, empfangen, empfSngst, to receive [Syn. erhalten, "to receive;" tmnehmen implies acceptance vn the pail of ilic recipient]. GLOSSARY. 123 empfinden, v. a. sep., empfand, empfunden, to feel. er- sig, adj., busy, industrious, assiduous ; adv. Ijusily, etc. Ende, subst. n., gen.-s, pl.-n, end, termination ; zu E., at an end [to an end (after verb of motion)]. endlich, adv., at last, finally. eng(e), adj., narrow. ent-, in sep. pref., signifying de- privation, loss, "away from," etc.,=:Eng. "un-"or "dis-," as: gehen, "to go," ent- gehen, "to go away from, escape;" decken, "to cover," entdecken, "to ^//jcover," etc. entdecken, v. a. insep. w., to dis- cover, find out. entfiiehen, v. n. (sein) insep., entfloh, entflohen, to escape (dat. of pers.). cntfiihren, v, a. insep. w., to carry off, abduct (dat. of pers.). entgegen, adv. and prep, (always follows the noun, gov. dat.), toward [usually in comp. with verbs]. cntgegenkbmmen, v. n. (sein) Sep., kam, gekommen, kftmtnst or kommst, to come to meet, go to meet, advance toward. entgegensprmgen, v. n. (sein) Sep., sprang, gesprungen, to run toward, run to meet (dat. of pers. ). entledigen, v. a. insep. w., to dispose of ; refl. (with gen. of thing), to rid one's self of a tiling, dispose of anything. entledigt, partic. adj. (from prec), relieved of or from (gen. of thing). entsetzen, v. refl., insep. w., to 1)6 startled, terriiiwd (gov. flber). entsetzlich, adj., terrible, dread- ful, frightful ; adv. terribly, etc, entspringen, v. n. (sein) insep., entsprang, entsprungen, to escape (gov. dat. of pers. ). entstehen, v. n. (sein) insep., entstand, entstanden, to arise, originate. entwischen, v. n. (sein) insep. V.',, to_ escape, get off, slip away. entzwei, adv., in two, in pieces, to pieces. entzweireiten, v. a. sep., ritt, geritten, to ride to pieces, break by riding into, ride into and break. K., p. 46, 1. 20. entzweischlagen, v. a. sep., schlug, geschlagen, schlSgst, to knock or break in two, or to pieces. entzweischneiden, v. a. sep., schnitt, geschnitten, to cut in two, cut asunder. er, pers. pron. first sing. m. (f. sie, n. es, gen. -seiner, sein, dat. ihm, ace. ihn), he (of per- sons), it (of things when refer- ring to a masc subj. ). er-, insep. prefix. The force of this prefix is acquisitive, signify- ing the acquisition of a thing by the action implied in the verl), as jagen, "to chase," erjagen, "to acquire, get by chasing." Most verbs with this prefix are trans. erbarmen, v. refl. have mercy on, (gen. of o1)j. ). Erbarmen, subst. prec), gen.-s, no pi., mercy, pity, compassion. erbarmlich, adj., wretched, miser- able, pitiable ; adv. wretchedly, unmercifully. Erbe, su]>st. m., gen.-n, pl.-n, heir, inheritor. Erbe. snhst. n.. cpn _ss nn n1 .' '' ~ - ' 3 ~' — r"» mheritance, patrimony. . erbleichen, v, n. (sein) insep., insep. w,, tp take pity on n. (inf. of 124 GLOSSARY. erblich or erbleichte, er- blichen or erbleicht, to turn or grow pale ; to die, expire. erblicken, v. a. insep. w., to catch sight of, see, perceive. Erbse, subst. f., pl.-n, pea. Erde, subst. f., pl.-n, earth [; in the phrase auf Erden, "on earth," the old weak dat. term, appears]. erfttUen, v. a. insep. w., to fulfil. Erfiillung, subst. f., pl.-n, ful- filment ; in E. gehen, to be fulfilled. ergehen, v. n. (sein) insep. im- pers., ergieng, ergangen, to fare, prosper (dat. of pers. cor- resp. with subj. of Eng. verb). ergreifen, v. a. insep., ergrifT, ergrifTen, to seize, take hold of. erhalten, v. a. insep., erhielt, erhalten, erhSltst, drhSlt, to keep, preserve ; to get, receive, obtain [Syn. empfangen, an- nehmen ; see empfangen]. erhandeln, v. a. insep. w., to gain by purchase or barter, purchase, buy. erhandelt, partic. adj. (from prec. ), bought, purcliased. erheben, v. a. insep., erhob or crhub, erhoben, to raise, lift up ; to exalt ; refl., to raise oiie's self, rise. [The old part, er- haben is now only used as adj., "exalted, lofty, sublime."] erholen, v. refl. vnsep. w., to recover, regain .: icngth, health, etc. ; to amuse one's self, take recreation. erkennen, v. a. insep. irreg., er- kannte, erkannt, to recognize ; to acknowledge. erlangen, v. a. insep. w., to re- ceive, obtain, attain (by active exertion, as dist. from erhalten and empfangen). crlauben, v. a. jnsej). w., to allow, permit (ace. of thmg, dat. of pers. ). erlttsen, v. a. insep. w., to re- lease, redeem. erniedrigen, v. a. insejx w., to lower, debase, degrade ; refl., to lower one's self, stoop, con- descend. erscheinen. v. n. (sein) insep., erschien, erschienen, to ap- pear, make one's appearance (not =" appear " in the sense of "seem," which is rendered l>y the simple v. scheinen). erschnappen, v. a. insep. w., to snap up, get hold of, swal- low. erschrecken, v. n. (sein) insep., erschrak, erschrocken (sein), to be frightened, startled, terri- fied. ^ erschrecken, v. a. insep. w., to frighten, startle, terrify. ersinnen, v. a. insep., ersann, ersonnen, to think out, invent, imagine. ersinnlich, adj., imaginable, pos- sible. erst (der, die, da3 erste), ord. num. adj., first (conn, with ehe, eher, before) ; der erste beste, the first that turns up, comes to hand. K., p. 42, 1. 18. erst, adv., only, not liefore, no sooner than (of time, as : erst morgen, not before to- morrow) ; scmietimes used as = erstens or erstlich, first, at first, or in the first place ; only, no more than (of number). erstaunen, v. n. (sein) insep. w., to wonder, to be astonished or surprised at (gov. ttber with ace. ). erstaunlich, adj., wonderful, as- tonishing, surprising ; adv., won- derfully, etc. ersticken, v. a. insep. w., to GLOSSARY. 125 smother, suffocate ; v. n. (sein), to be smothered, suffocated. ertrinken, v. n. (sein) insep., er- trank, ertrunken, to be drowned, to drown, erwachen, v, n. (sein) insep. w., to awake. erwecken, v. a. insep. w. (caus. of prec. ), to awaken, wake up, arouse ; to bring to life, S., p. 55j 1- 27- erwehren, v. refl. insep. w., to defend one's self against, keep away, get rid of (gen. of obj. without prep.). erweisen, v. a. insep., erwies, erwiesen, to prove ; to show (a pers. a favour, etc.; dat. of pers.). erwerben, v. a. insep., erwarb, erworben, erwirb, erwirbst, to earn, gain, procure. erwischen, v. a. insep. w., to get hold of, seize, obtain. Erworbene (das), partic. subst. (from erwerben), what one has earned, earnings (decl. as weak adj.). K., p. 44, 1. 29. Erz, subst. n., gen.-es, pl.-e, ore, metal, brass, bronze. [Conn, with Lat. (cs, ecris, "brass."] erzMhlen, v. a. insep. w., to tell, relate, narrate. es, pers. pron. third neut. sing., gen. seiner, sein, dat. ihm, ace. es, it. [The gen. and dat., and the ace. gov. by a prep., are only used when referring to persons (as : MSdchen, Asch- enputtel, Rotk&ppchen, etc.). When referring to things, the gen. and dat. (without prep, ) are replaced by the ncut. demonstr. pron. das or dasselbc ; when gov. by a prep., both dat. and ace. are replaced by the adv. da (dar) before the prep., e.g., 4arauf, "on it}" dwu, ''to it," daftir, "for it," etc., etc. Es before the verb " to be" re- presents the actual subj., and may be followed by a pL verb, as : es sind meine Briider, they are my brothers. For es ist, es sind, "there is, are," see under gejjen, es gibt, etc.] It also represents a prec. adj., as : Ich bin krank, aber mein Bruder ist es nicht, " I am ill, but my brother is not (so)." essen, v. a., asz, gegessen, iss, issest, isst, to eat (of men ; * fressen is used of beasts, or of excessive bestial eating in men). Essen, subst. n., gen.-s, no pi. (inf. of prec), eating, meal, victuals. etlicher, etliche, etliches, pi. etliche, some, several (used in sing, only before nouns of quantity) ; etlichemal, several times. etwas, indef. num. subst. indecl., something, anything ["not any- thing" = nichts, not nicht et- was] ; sometimes written was. euch, dat. and ace. of ihr, pers. pron. second pi. (also used as sing.), you. euer, gen. of the same, your. euer, eure, euer, poss. adj. from the same, your. Eule, subst. £., pL-n, owL F F, the sixth letter of the alphabet, pronounced as in Eng. It oc- curs in combination with p, as in Pferd, etc. In many words, Eng. / is represented by Ger- man V, as Vatcr, Eng. •' father." Fabnc, subst, f., pl.-n, flag. I 126 GLOSSARY. I I fahren, v. n. (sein), fuhr, ge- fahren, f&hrst, to proceed, drive ; journey (in any sort of conveyance, as a waggon, ship, etc.) ; f. aus, etc., to start from, be shot out from. S., p. 57, 1. it. fallen, v. n. (sein), fiel, gefallen, fSllst, to fall. falsch, adj., compar. fialscher, false (of character), untruthful ; spiteful, wicked. Falschheit, subst. f., no pi., falseness, untruthfulness ; wick- edness, malice, spite. fangen, v. a., fieng, gefangen, fUngst, to catch, capture. Farbe, subst. f., pl.-n, colour. farben, v. a. and refl. w., to colour, dye (one's skin, etc.). Fass, subst. n. (Eng. "vat"), gen.-es, pi. FSsser, vat, punch- eon, barrel (large vessel for con- taining liquids). fassen, v. a. w., to grasp, seize; to comprehend, Feder, subst. f., pl.-n, feather, quill ; (hence like Fr. plumJ) pen. fehlen, v. n. (haben) w., to be missing, wanting, absent, to lack ; impers. to be wanting ; to want, miss [in this sense the Eng. subj. (pers.) isdat. in Germ., the Eng. obj. is the obj. of the prep, an, as : es fehlt mir an Geld, "I want money, I have no money "J ; etwas fehlt mir, something ails me, is the matter with me. Feier, subst. f., pl.-n, feast, fes- tival ; celebration, ceremonial. feiern, v. a. w., to celebrate, solemnize (a festival, wedding, etc.) [; V. n., to have holidays, be free from work]. fell, adj. (in this sense pred. only), for sale saln.ble ^nf tliin^s^. [As attrib. adj. it means venial, corrupt, purchasable, of per- sons.] feilhalten, v. a. sep., hielt, ge- halten, haltst, halt, to keep for sale, expose for sale, sell. Feld, subst. n., gen.-e8, pl.-er, field. Feldbrunnen, subst. m. comp., gen.-s, pi. , spring (of water) in the open field, a country or wayside spring or well. Feldstein, subst. m. comp., gen. -(e)s, pl.-e, boulder, common stone found in the fields, stone. Fenster, subst. n. (from Lat. fenes- tra), gen.-s, pi. , window. fern(e), adv., distant, far off, in the distance ; comp. ferner, further, moreover, besides. Feme, subst. f., pl.-n (rare), distance. Ferse, subst. f., pl.-n, heel [syn. Hacken]. fertig, adj., ready, finished, pre- pared. fertigrupfen, v. a. sep. w., to finish plucking (a fowl, etc.). D., p. 20, 1. 24. Fest, subst. n., gen.-es, pl.-e, feast, festival. fest, adj., fast (not = "quick" but) tight, firm; adv., fast, tightly, firmly. festhalten, v. a. sep., hielt, ge- halten, hSltst, halt, to hold fast or light. festmachen, v. a. sep, w., to fasten, ipake fast. Fett, subst. n., gen.-es, pl.-e, fat. fett, adj., fat, stout. Feuer, subst. n., gen.-s, pi. , fire. Feueranmachen, subst. n. comp. (inf.), gen.-s, no pi., kindling a fire. Feuergev7ehr, gcn.-(e)s, pl.-e, fire-arm, gun; pistol. T., p. 27, 1.7. 4 GLOSSARY. 127 finden, v. a,, fand, gefunden, to find ; impers. refl., to come about (of its own accord). H., p. 64, 1. 20. Finger, subst. m., gen.-s, pi. , finger [pron. Fing-er, as in "singer," not as in Eng. **fing-ger"]. finster, adj., dark, gloomy, sin- ister [; dunkel is used of phys- ical gloom, finster also of character j. Flachs, subst. m., gen.-es, no pi., flax. fiackern, v. n, (haben), to flicker, dance (of fire, flame, etc.). Flasche, subst. f., pl.-n, flask, bottle. flechten, v. a., flocht, V. a., nocm, ge- flochten, fiicht, fiichtst, flicht, to weave, plait. Fleisch, subst. n., gen.-es, no pi., flesh, meat. Fliege, subst. f., pl.-n, fly, house- fliegen, v. n. (sein), flog, gefilog- en, to fly [fiiehen — " flee "J. Fluch, subst. m., gen.-(e)s, pi. Flttche, curse [Eid — oath, sworn pledge; Flug= "flight"]. Flttgel, subst. m., gen.-s, pi. , from fliegen, wing, pin- ion. folgen, V. n. (sein) w., to follow; to obey (with haben), gov. dat. of pers. folgend, part, adj., no compar., following, subsequent, next. fordern, v. a. w., to ask, demand, insist on [fBrdern = "help on, promote "j. fort, adv., away, off ; (of contin- uance) on. forteilen, v. n. (sein) sep. w., ^ to hasten away, depart in haste. fortgehen, v. n. (sein) sep., { 6'--"5» 5=K2ngen, to go away, j leave, depart. f6rtlaufen, v. n. (sein) sep., lief, gelaufen, Iftufst, to run ^ away, run off. fortreiten, v. n. (sein) sep., ritt, ^ geritten, to ride away, ride off. fortschlafen, v. n. (haben) sep., schlief, geschlafen, schlafst, ^ to sleep on, continue sleeping, fortsprengen [v. a. sep. w. (caus. of foil.), to cause to run away, chase away, disperse] ; v. n. ^ (sein), to gallop off (of a horse), fortspringen, v. n. (sein) sep., sprang, gesprungen, to run ^ away, run off, escape, fortstoszen, v. a. sep., stiess, gestoszen, stfiszest, to push away, spurn, reject; mit den Fttszen f., to spurn with the ^ feet, kick away. forttragen, v. a. sep., trug, ge- tragen, trSgst, to carry off, bear away. forttreiben, v. a. sep., trieb, ge- trieben, to drive off, chase I away. fragen, v. a., fragte or frug, gefragt, frSgst or fragest, fragt or fragt, to ask, inquire. frank, adj., frank, open (used only as pred., .is in the phrase frank und frei, frank and free, merrily). Frau, subst. f., pi. -en, woman, lady, wife [more respectful than Weib. Dame, from Fr. dame, = "lady"]. frei, adj., free; adv. freely, mer- rily. freien, v. a. w., to woo, sue for the hand of, ask in marriage. Freier, subst. m., gen.-s, pi. , wooer, suitor. Freiherr, subst. m., gen.-n, pL -en, baron (lit. " free lord "). freilich, adv., to be sure; of course. fremd, adj., strange, foreign [Der 128 GLOSSARY. Fremde, "the stranger," ein Fremder, "a stranger" (m.)]- '' fressen, v. a., frasz, gefressen, friss, frissest, frisst, to cat (of animals ; essen of nion). Freude, subst, f., pl.-n, joy, de- light, pleasure, gladness. [In the phrase : mit Freuden (in which the noun is sing., not pi), the old weak term, of the dat. appears. See also Erde.] freudig, adj., glad, joyful, delight- ed, pleased; adv., gladly, etc. freuen, v. a. refl., to be rejoiced, be glad, rejoice (gov. ilber with ace. of thing) ; v. a. impers., to rejoice, to be glad (ace. of pers. corresp. to Eng. subj., as: es ■freut mich, I rejoice, am glad). Freund, subst. m., gen.-es, pi. -e, friend ; f. Freundin. freundlich, adj., friendly, kind; adv., kindly. Freundschaft, subst. f., pi. -en, friendship, friendliness; (coll.) one's friends and acquaintances. Frevel, subst. m., gen.-s, pi. , wrong, sin, crime. Frieden, subst. m., nom. Friede, -n ; gen.-n, ~ns; dat. ace, -e, -n, no pi., peace. [Buchstabe, Fels, Glaube, Name, etc., have the same double forms of decl.] frisch, adj., fresh, lively, cheer- ful, joyous ; frisch und ge- sund, sound and whole; adv., freshly, briskly. Frischling, subst. m., dim., gen. -(e)s, pl.-e, a young wild boar (orig. the young of any animal). froh, adj., glad, joyous, cheer- ful ; adv., gladly, etc. frShlich, adj. (fromprec), joyous, merry, cheerful. fromm, adj., comp. frSmmer, pious, good ; kindly, affection- ate (oi ualurui iiilecUon, comp. Lat. plus). Frosch, subst. m., gen.-es, jil. Frbsche, frog. friift(t), adj., early. Friihjahr, subsl. n., gen.-(e)3, pl.-e, spring (season of the year). Friihling, subst. m., gen.-(e)3, 1)1. -e, spring (season of the year). Fuchs, subst. m., gen. •-, l Fttchse, fox. [From '..i?* "i- Fiichsin comes Eng. "\ a ■ '' It also means "a sorrel," brig!it bay, or chestnut horse (see foil. ) ; also a freshman, or student of the first year at a German uni- versity.] fuchsroth, adj., nocompar., foxy- red ; sorrel (of a horse). J., p. 27. 1-2. .... fttgcn, v. a. w., to join, fit in, ac- commodate ; V, refl., to accom- modate one's self to, submit to, acquiesce in (gov. in with ace). flihl'**>, v. a. w., to feel, per- c c. fiihren, v. a. w., to lead, guide (caus. of fahren). fallen, v. a. w., to fill, replenish. fttnf(e) (pron. fttmf), card, num., five ; ord. fttnfte, fifth. funfzehn (or fttnfzehn), card, num., fifteen ; ord. funfzehnte, fttnizehnte, fifteenth. fftr, prep., gov. ace. only, for, in- stead of, in behalf of, in return for. [Never expresses purpose as "fqr" does in Eng.; in this sense is to be rendered generally by zu, or by some other prep. Orig. identical with vor ; so we find fttr Angst — vor Angst, "for, by reason of ter- ror."] Furcht, subst. f., no pi., fear, dread, terror. lurcntsii, a. w., lurwincic, gefttrchtet, to fear, dread j v, GLOSSARY. 129 1>1. the refl., to be afraid of, fear (gov. vor with dat.). Ftlrst, subst. m., gen. -en, pi. -en, prince, monarch, sovereign [superl. of vor or fttr = der Vorderste, Eng. "first." Means a reigning prince ; the foreign word Prinz is a titular prince only, thus : Ftlrst Bis- marck, but : der Prinz von Wales]. Fusz, subst. m., gen.-es, pi. Fiisze, foot [as noun of meas- ure, pi. same as sing.] ; zu F., on foot, afoot. Faszspitze, subst. f. comp., pi. -n, point or end of the foot. Fiiszzehe, subst. f. comp., pl.-n, toe (of the foot). * G, the seventh letter of the alpha- bet, when at the beginning of a syll., is always pron. hard as in get, give (never like j, as in ginger). When final, after a vowel, the best pron. is identical with that of ch, though in many parts it is pron. like k, esp. after n. Tag, pron, Tach (or Tak), but gen. Ta-ges. When between i and another vow. (in the adj. term -ig), pron. very softly, almost like a slightly aspirated y. Gabe, subst. f., pl.-n, gift, pres- ent, donation [conn. with geben]. Gabel, subst. f., pl.-n, fork. [Compare Eng. "gable"]; dim. Gabelchen.Gabelein, n.,[conn. with Eng. "gable"]. Galgen, subst. m., gen.-s, pi. , gallows. Gang, subst. m., gen.-(e)8, pi. Gange, gait, walk; path ; pas- sage, corridor [same root as ge- gangen, part, of gehenj. Gans, subst. f., pi. G&nse, goose. G&nsefett, subst. n. comp., gen. -(e)s, no pi., goose-fat. G&nsefettbrod, subst. n. comp., gen.-(e)s, no pi., bread dipped or soaked in goose-fat or gravy ; bread and dripping. ganz, adj. of quant., whole, all [like halb, it is decl. in the sing, only when accompanied by an art., etc. (which always precedes it), as : ganz Deutschland, "all Germany," das ganze Deutschland, "the whole of Germany." In the pi. it is always decl. J; adv., wholly, alto- gether, quite, with foil., ganz und gar, wholly and entirely. gar, adj., prepared, ready (of meat, etc.) ; cooked, done ; adv. (v/ith verbs), even (= sogar) ; with adj. and adv., very, ex- ceedingly (= sehr), (emphatic), e.g., gar sehr, very much in- deed ; gar zu gut, much too good, far too good, only too good ; gar nicht, not at all. g^i^stig, adj., nasty, disagreeable, unpleasant. Garten, subst. m., gen.-s, pi. G&rten, garden [conn, with Eng. "gard«n" and "yard," Lat. horttis]. Gaul, subst. m., gen.-(e)s, pi. Gaule, horse, nag [the common word is Pferd ; of a noble, well- bred horse we generally use Ross ; Gaul is usually, though not always, used of a work- horse, or in depreciation]. Gaumen, subst. m., gen.-s, pi. , gum, roof of the mouth, palate. ge-, jnsep. prefix ; with substs. it has originally a coiledivc ui frecjuentative force j with vgibs \ 130 GLOSSARY. it may indicate, besides this, per- fect action ; hence its use as the regular prefix of the past part. Gebackenes (das Gebackene), partic. subst. (from backen,' "bake"), baked things, cakes (decl. as adj. ). gebSren, v. a. insep., gebar, ge- boren, no imper., gebierst, to give birth to, bear; v. refl., to conduct one's self, bear one's self [the simple verb is not in use], Gebell, subst n. freq., gen.-es, no pi., barking (of dogs, from bellen). geben, v. a., gab, gegeben, gib, gibst, to give ; v. a. impers. es gibt, etc., there is, there are, taking the Eng. subj. in the ace. Es gibt is more indef. than es ' ist, which should always be used when a definite circum- scribed space is specified, as : es ist ein Vogel in diesem Kafig, " there is a l)ird in this cage," but : es gibt dieses Jar yiel Obst, "there will be much fruit this year." Gebet, subst. n. freq., gen.-(e)s, pl.jC, prayer (from beten). gebrauchen, v. a. insep. w., to use ; need, want. gebflhren, v. n. (haben) impers. msep. w., to belong to, befit, be- seem. Geburt, subst. f., pi. -en, birth (from gebSren). Gebflsch, subst. n. coll., gen.-es, 1^1. -e, bush, bushes (from Busch). j Gedanke(n), subst. m., geii.-n or' -ns, dat. acc.-n, pl.-n, thought, idea [Comp. Buchstabe, etc.]. Gefahr, subst. f., pi. -en, danger, peril. ' fa » gefShrlich, adj. (from prec), dangerous, perilous ; adv. dan- i^jerously, gefallen, v, n, (haben) impers. insep., gefiel, gefallen, no im- per., gefailst, to please, delight (dat. of person). Gefallen, subst. r.i., inf. of prec, I gen.-s, no pi., pleasure, de- I hght. [G. haben, finden, to take pleasure or delight in a thing, be pleased with (gov. an with dat.). J Gefangnis, subst. n., gen.-es, pl.-nisse, prison (from fangen, "to catch, capture"). GefSsz, subst. n., gen.-es, pl.-e, vessel (for holding anything, ixom fassen, "hold, contain"). gegen, prep. (ace. only), against, toward [gegen does not neces- sarily imply opposition, as wie- der does]. gehen, v. n; (sein), gieng, ge- gangen, to go, walk; zur Hand gehen, to assist (dat. of pers.); V. impers., to fare (of health, etc.), as: wie geht es Ihnen ? "how are you? how do you do ? " ; d s geht nicht, that won't do. gehSren, v. n. (haben) impers. in- sep. w., to belong, appertain to (dat. of pers.). I gehorchen, v. n. (haben) insep. i w., to obey (dat. of pers.). j GelSchter, subst. n. freq., gen. -s, no pi., laughter (continuous or prolonged, hence) a peal of j laughter. gelangen, v. n. (sein, rarely habeny- insep. w., to arrive at, reach (gov. zu) [dist. from gelingen, gelang, gelingen, strong impers., "to succeed "J. gelb, adj., yellow. Geld, sulist. n., gen.-(e)s, pl.-er, money [conn, with gelten, "to have value "]. gelflsten, v. n. (haben> imners. insep. w., gelttstete, gelttstet, I GLOSSA/iY. 131 to I to lust for, desire, \ov\^ for (;icc. of pcrs., ohj. gov. by nach, as : es gelttstet mich nach Gv'sld, 1 desire, feel a longing for money. GelUsten, subsl. n. (inf. of prec.), gen,-s, no pi., lusting, longing, desire, appetite. gemacht, adj. (i)art. of machen), ready-made; J., p. 25, 1. 17. gemSchlich, adj., comfortable, easy ; adv. comfortably, Gem&chlichkeit, subst. f., no pi., comfort, east, love of ease ; mit G., with comfort or ease, comfortably. Getnahl, subst. m. [or n.], gen. -(e)s, pl.-e, husband, spouse [as n. subst. it may mean either husband or wife, as in Uhland, '^ Das Sc/iloss am Meer,^'' den K5nig und sein Getnahl (wife, n.)]. Gemahlin, subst. f., (deriv. of prec), pl.-innen, wife. Gemtts[e], subst. n., gen.-es, pi. -e, dish of vegetables [conn, with Eng. "mash," "mess," " mush ; " something mashed ; it may also mean "porridge"]; dim. -chen. S. geneigt, adj. (part, of neigen, "incline"), inclined to, favor- able. genug, adv. of quant., enough, sufhcient, efficiently (generally follows the subat.) g(e)rad(e), adj., straight, upright ; adv. just, just now j just, ex- actly. geradeswegs, adv. gen. (from yjrec. and Weg), straightway, directly (of direction or time). [Do not translate "right off," or "right away," which are both bad English.] straightway (direction) ; im- ! mediately (of time) ; precisely, I exactly (manner). geraten, v. n. (sein) inscp., ge- riet, geraten, gerSt, gerfttst, ger&t, to get, come (to get into a particular position, situation, by accident or involuntarily). Gerftt, subst. n., gen.-(e)s, pi. -e, same as foil. GerStschaft, subst. f., pi. -en, vessel, utensil, tool. Gericht, subst. n., gen.-(e)s, pi. -e, judgment, sentence ; court (from richten, "to judge"); dish (of food), mess (from richten, "to prepare"). gering, adj., slight, small; mean, base. gern(e), compar. lieber, superl. am liebsten, willingly, gladly ; gerne tun, to be fond of do- ing, like to do ; g. essen, trinken, to be fond of (eating, drinking). Geriich, subst. m., gen. -(e); pi. -e, smell, odour ; sense of smell (from riechen). Gesang, subst. m., gen.-(e)8, pi. Ges&nge, song (music, or words for singing) [ ; in the latter sense Lied is also used], geschehen, v. n. (sein) impers. insep., geschah, geschehen, no imper., geschieht, to happen, come to pass (with dat. of pers. ) ; to serve (as : es geschieht dir recht, "it serves you right"); take place, be done, jetzt ist's um dich g., now it's all over, at an end, with you. S., p. 54, 1. 8. Geschick, subst. n., gen.-(e)s, pl.-e, fate, lot, destiny; clever- ness (from schicken, = "what is sent " by God) ; adaptability ; fitness ; kurz und dick hat 1 :_ /-< zi.c::i \ji, XV., sec iiuic lu p. 41, 1. 15. tS2 CAOSS.IA'K I Geschirr sul,si.n.,gen.-(e)s, ,,1. -e, vessel, tool, utensil [ ; harness (of a hois;!, etc.)]. Geschrel. v'>I,st n f^.... »-*, ~..,)s,i. n. ireq., gen. -(e)s, no pi., cry, cries, crying out screaming, shouting, callinc geschwindfe), adj.. cjuSk, fast rapid ; adv. quickly, etc. Gesell(e) subst. m., gen.-en, pi. 7en fellow, associate, compan- ion (. ; apprentice]. I gesellen, v. a. refl. in p. w i,, associate with, join (gov. zu). Gesicht, subsi. n., gS.-(e)s,^u> pj., sense of sight, sight, vision (Pi.--e) ; thing seen, sight, vision (m sJeep or otherwise) ; (pi -er^ face (from sehen). ' '' GesprSch, subst. n. freq., gen. (e,o' pl.-e, talking, conversa- tion (from sprechen). Gestalt, subst. f., pl._en, shape, ^torin, figure (from stellen). gestern, adv. of time, yesterday. I gesund,- adj., comp. gesttnder. sound, healthy. j getan, part, of tun, "to do " getrauen, v. refl. insep. w.. to venture, dare (from trauen "to trust, have^ coifidence .' eifti. T"' "''^ ^^''^"J- ' with refl. pron. in dat.). ' j ^ & ''I-' If ^^^nous, venomous ; with refl. pron. in dat.). getreu adj., faithful ; adv. faith- lulJy (freq. form of treu) getrost adv. confidently, with confidence, without fear. gewShren, v. a. insep. w to grant, allow (dat. of pers.)'- e gewcsen, part, of sein, "tobe" Gew,cht.subs,. „..gen'.-(e)s.pl. -e, weight. V / » J • Gewild, subst. n. coll., gen.-re)s no pi wild animals, (Jarce) animals of the chas;, 'gS (from wild). ** gewiss adj., sure, certain (like J-ng. 'certain, "sometimes with nidef. meaning) ; adv., surely, certainly, doubtlessly, no doubt gewissllich, adv. (fi^„, p^^c^^' assuredly, certainly. ^' gewogen, adj.. well-inclined, fa- vouiable(dat. of pers.). gewShnlich. adj.. usual, com- mon customary, general ; adv. usually, generally, etc. ffrom gewdhnen, -accustom;" conn with wohnen. "dwell"! GewrSlbe, subst. n.. gen.-s, pi. -— — , vault, arched chamber. g»(e)ng, impf. of gehen, "to Gift, subst. n. (sometimes m) fr~^f^^f\^}-''' P^i^on, venom LI.- gift," now hardly used exc incomp. Mitgift, "dowry;" ooth conn, with gebenl ftip-. nrt; ,^^; — r.._ ■'■ (metaphor.) spiteful, malicious.' venomous. ' gianzen, v. n. (haben) w. to shine, glitter. >» w., to gWnzend. adj. (part, of prec.) briglt^' S""^""& ^"^li'-^nt lassen^toletap;;;.^^;^]^!^^^ , ^ pleases, leave him to himself JGia^/rf JV S""-"' P'- to his own devices """^^"' | Glkoer, glass (the substance, or Gewalt, subst f n] *« ,.^ ! -/^ssel of that substance). might'; violence. ^ '"' P°"^''"' , G^^^"be(n), subst. m., gin.-n or gewaltig. adj., powerful, mighty;' belkf ' ''''■""' P'-"' ^•'^'^''' Ge^r:S- r'^^4:^- -^^^^ v. « and n. (haben), to f^, -r &^. ^£ ^l^^^f - -^-r equal. wehren. "d«f-.i"r'^' '"""^ i ^'.H s'^^'lar, the same: n^.in '• i eiciches, the same (thing), J,, GLOSSAKV. 133 to p. 2\. er, limb, member (of body, 'lid m 'eye- etc.) [=Eng lid "]. glitzeng, adj., shining, bright; adv. lirightly ; 13., p. 33, 1. 8. Glilck, subst. n., gen.-(e)s, no pi., luck, fortune; happiness; zum G., luckily, fortunately. glttcklich, adj., happy ; fortunate ; adv. happily. [See foil.] glttcklicherweise, adv. gen. (of manner), fortunately (lit. in fortunate wise, or manner"). [glttckselig, adj., happy, blissful ; hence] Glackseligkeit, subst. f., pl.-en, happiness, bliss. Gliickshaut, subst. f. comp., pi. -hMute, lucky skin. glUhen, V. n. (haben) w., to glow, grow hot, get red hot. gltlhend, adj. (part, of prec), glowing, red-hot. Gnadc, subst. f., pl.-n, grace,' mercy. [The pi. is used as a title of distinction, as : Euer or Ihro Gnaden, "Your Honour."] Gold, subst. n., gen.-es, no pi., gold. goldblinkend, comp. adj., no compnr., glittering or gleaming with or like gold. golden, gttlden, adj., nocompar., golden, of gold, gold. Goldgefcisz, subst. n. comp., gen. -es, pl.-e, vessel, utensil of gold. Goldsache, subst. f. comp., pi. -n, thing, object, article, etc., of gold. Goldschmied, subst. m. comp., 1 worker in gold. : Goldzeug, subst. n. comp. coll., : gen.-(e)s, no pi., articles of I gold. j Gott, subst. m., gen.-es, pi. I Gfitter, God, divinity, deity, gottlos, adj., godless, wicked. I Grab, subst. n., gen.-(e)s, pi. ' GrSber, grave, pit. Graben, subst. m., gen.-s, pi. Graben, ditch, graben, v. a. and n. (haben), grub, gegraben, grabst, to dig, delve. grad(e) ; see g(e)rad(e). Graf, subst. m., gen. -en, pl.-en, count, earl (title of nobility). Gras, subst. n., gen.-es, pi. Gr&ser, grass. grau, adj., gray. Graukopf, subst. m. comp., gen. -(e)s, pl.-k»pfe, gray-head, gray-headed fellow (used of the Wolf in K.). grausig, adj., horrible, fearful, terrible (conn, with grau). greifen, v, a., griff, gegriffen, to grip, seize. grosz, adj. (compar. grflszer, superl, grSszt), great, large, big • grand. Groszmutter, subst. f. comp., pl.-mtttter, grandmother. Grosz vater, subst. m. comp., gen.-s, pl.-vfiter, grandfather. griin, adj., green. Grund, subst. m., gen.-(e)s, pi. Grilnde, ground, bottom ; foun- dation ; soil ; zu Grunde rich- ten, to ruin, destroy (lit. "run into the ground "). Grusz, subst. m., gen.-es, pi. Griisze, greeting, salutation. • griiszen, v. a. w., to greet, sahite, send greetings to. [Giiitz, subst. m., only occurs in S., in the comp. Apfelgrtitz. TK„ «; 1- „..l-_i. :_ r s. !t\z atinpic SUU31. J3 j^CZl. I. ; conn, with Eng. "grit."] .■^'■.*". J 34 CLOSSA/iY. gucken [or kucken), v. n. (ha- ben) \v., i(» look, peep. gtilden, golden, see golden. gut, adj., coinpar. besscr, sup. best, good ; kind ; adv. well (see wohl) ; Etwas zu gute tun, to confer a kindness, do a kindness, treat kindly (dat. of person) ; sich etwas zu gut tun, to give one's self a treat ; j wieder gut machen, to make ! up for a thing ; gut sein (with dat. of pers.), to he fond of, to love. H H, the eighth letter of the alpha- bet, is never mute at the begin- ning of a word or syll,; it is mute between two vOwels, or before a consonant, li occurs ni combination with c, and in ^reign (Greek) words, with p. The modern orthography rejects It entirely after t. Haar, see Har. haben, v. a. aux. of tense irreg., natte, gehabt, hast, hat, to have, possess [used as aux. with perf. and plupf. of all trans, and refl., and many intrans. verbs] ; arg haben, to entertain a sus- picion, suspect. hacken, v. a. and n. (haben) w., to hack, hew ; pick (with a pick-axe). Hacke, subst. f., pi. -n, hatchet ; heel. ' Hackci, subst. m., gen.-s, pi. — , Ratchet; heel [Haken Haide, see Heide. balb, adj., fract. num., half [like ganz, is not decl. before subst. not accompanied by an art. etc, (which always precedes it) as: halb Frankreich, das halbe Frankreich ; eine halbe I Btunde, half an hourj. I ™fte, subst. f., p..-n, half (one j ot two equal portions of a I whole). i 1 Halfter, subst. m. (gen.-a, pi. '' j — — ) and f. (pl.-n), holster 1 (place in a saddle for pistols). [orig. = "halter.") hallen, v. n. (haben) w., to sound, resound, echo, reecho. Hals, subst. m., gen.-es, pi. Hftise, throat, neck (the front of the neck or throat ; Nacken IS the back of the neck, nape). Hals band, subst. n. comp., gen. -(e)8, pl.-bftnder, necklace: collar (of a dog, etc.)[; neck- tie]. Halt, subst. m. (not decl.), halt; H. machen, to halt, stop. halten, v. a., hielt, gehalten, haitst, halt, to hold; V. n. (haben), to halt, stop ; es hielt schwer, "it was a difficult matter." Hand, subst. f., pi. HSnde, hand ; zur H. gehen, to help, assist (dat. of pers.). Handel, subst. m., gen.-s, no pi., trade, commerce ; bargain. [The pi. HSndel means "a ^quarrel."] handeln, v. n. (haben) w., to trade, make a bargain ; deal i . (gov. mit). Handschuh, subst. m. comp., gen.-es, pl.-e, glove (lit. hand- shoe). Handvjrerk, subst. n. comp., gen. -(e)s, pl.-e, trade, mechanical occupation (lit. hand-work). hangen, v. n. (haben), hieng, gehangen, h&ngst, to hang, be h; .>'■*". GLOSSARY. 135 httngen, v. a. w., to hang up, sus- pend. [This and the prcc. are often interchanged.] Hans, subst. m. prop., gen. -ens (nickname of Johannes), Hans, Jack. Har, subst. n,, gon.-es, pl.-e, hair. hart, adj., compar. hftrter hard ; harsh. Hasel, subst. i., pl.-n Iiazel (tree). Haselbaum, subst. m. comp., gen.-(e)s, pl.-bSume, hazel- tree ; dim.-baunichen. Haselbusch, subsi. m. comp., gen.-es, pl.-btische, hazel- bush. Haselreis, subst. n. comp., gen. -es, pl.-er, hazel-twig or branch. hSsslich, adj., ugly ( ; hateful ; (from hassen, "to hate")]. Haube, subst, f., pl.-n, woman's- cap, mob-cap [conn. with i Haupt]. hauen, v. a., hieb, gehauen, to ' hew, chop. Haupt, subst. n., gen.-(e)s, pi. HSupter, head, chief. [Syn. Kopf. Haupt is used in choice or elevated language ; they are both of the same origin as Lat. caput, "head."] Haus, subst. n., gen.-es, pi. Hauser, house, abode, dwell- ing ; dim. HSuschen, hut, cot- tage, hovel; nach H., home (motion to); zu H., at home (rest in). HausgerSt, subst. n. comp. coll., gen.-(e)s, pl.-e, household fur- niture, utensils. Haushalt, subst. m. comp., gen. (e)s, no pi., housekeeping, household affairs. haussen, adv., outside here /«,.„»_ r ui . I v--'tiii. ivi iiici -ausocn ; coiii- paredraussenfordar-aussen). i Haut, subst. f., pi. H&ute, skin ; hide (of animals), heben, v. a., hob or hub, ge- hoben, to heave, raise, lift : in die HOhe h., to raise up, lift up. Hccke, subst. f,, pl.-n, hedge, heftig, adj., violent; adv. vio- Icntly. hegen, v. a. w., to cherish, nou- rish ; entertain (a sentiment). Heide (or Haide), subst. f., pi. -n, heath [Heide, m. (gen.-n, pl.-n), = "heathen"], heil, adj., whole, sound ; healed. [Conn, with Eng. "whole" and "heal," "hale," Scotch "haill."] heim, adv. of place, home (mo- lion to), homeward [also used as sul)st. n.; "at home" = da- heimj. Heimat, subst. f., pi. -en, home, I al)ode ; native place. helmbringcn, v. a. sep, iireg., ' brachte, gebracht, to bring j home, fetch home (as a bride) helmlaufen, v. n. (sein) sep., lief, f,elaufen, ISufst, to run home, walk home, go home, heimlich, adj., secret ; adv. secretly [from heim, "done at home," hence "in secret"]. heimftthren, v. a. sep. w., to lead home, bring home (as a bride. J., p. 26, 1. 29). heimkommen, v. n. (sein) sep,, kam, gekommen, kfimmst or kommst, to come home, return home, heimtragen, v. a. sep., trug, ge- tragen, trSgst, to bear home, carry home. Heimweg, subst. m. comp., gen. -(e)s, pl.-e, way home, road home. Heirat, subst. f., pi. -en, mar- riage. N 136 GLOSSARY. heiratslustig, adj. conip., de- sirous of marriage, willing or anxious to marry ; marriageable. heiss, adj., hot ; adv., hotly, heissen, v. n. (haben), hiess, geheissen, to be called, named (thus: er heisst Karl, "his name is Charles") ; v. a., to order, bid. helfen, v. n. (haben), half, ge- holfen, hilf, hilfst, to liclp, as- sist (dat. of pers.). hell, adj., bright, light, clear (of sight) ; clear (of sound). Heller, subst. m., gen.-s, pi, , a small coin, farthing. [Hemd^e), subst. n., gen.-es, pi. -en, shirt, under-garment.] her, adv., hither. [Indicates motion or direction toward the speaker or spectator. Nearly all verbs of motion, cdmpounded with preps, or particles indicating direction, further indicate also the direction to or from by pre- fixing either her or hin (the latter meaning "hence," motion or direction from speaker or spectator). Thus, ausgehen simply "to go out," hinaus- gehen, "to go out from" (the house, etc.); aufgehen, "to rise" (of the sun, etc.) ; hinauf- gehen, "to go up" (to a par- ticular place), etc.] ; hin und her, hither and thither, up and down. herab, adv., down upon. h'irabblicken, v. n. (haben) sep. w., to look or gaze down upon, regard from above (gov. auf with ace). herabfallen, v. n. (sein) sep., fiel, gefallen, failst, to f.all down (on the ground, etc.). herabfliegen, v. n. (sein) sep., floor ir^flnor^n « 53. — ~ ; (toward). •TTIl hcrabgehen, v. n. (sein) sep., gi«n& gegangen, to go oown (toward). herabkommen, v. n. (sein), sep., kam, gekommen, kSmmst or I kommst, to come down (from 1 above toward the speaker). herabrutschen, v. n. (sein), sep. w., to slip or slide down (to- ward). her^bspringen, v. n. (sein), sep., sprang, gesprungen, to jump down, run down to. herab werfen, v. a. sep., warf, geworfen, wirf, wirfst, to throw down to (dat. of pers.). herabziehen, v. a. sep., zog, ge- zogen, to pull down, draw down toward ; v. n. (sein), to niarch down, move down toward, heran, adv., up to, toward [ = herbei]. herankommen, v. n. (sein) sep., kam, gekommen, kSmmst or kopmst; to coftie up, come near, approach. herannahen, v. n. (sein) sep. w., ! to draw near, approach. : heranrttcken, v. n. (sein) sep. I w^, to come near, advance. j herantreten, v. n. (sein) sep., I trat, getreten, tritt, trittst, tritt, to step up, approach. heranv/achsen, v. n, (sein) sep., vt^uchs, gewachsen, wMchs- est, wSchst, to grow up. herauf, adv. up to; toward. heraufkammen, v. n. (sein) sep., kam, gekommen, kSmmst or kommst, to come up. heraufschicken, v. a. sep. w., to send up. heraufsteigen, v. n. (sein) sep., stieg, gestiegen, to rise up, ascend (toward). heraus, adv., out to or toward. "SrauBfuIlen, v. n. (sein) sep., fiel, gefallen, fallst, to fall out. GLOSSARY. 13; herausgehen, v. n. (sein) sep., gieng, gegangen, to go out (toward), walk out, go forth. herausgucken, v. n. (haben) sep. w., to look out, peep out (at the window, zum Fenster^. herausholen, v. a, sep. w., to fetch out, bring out or forth, herauskommen, v. n. (sein) sep., kam, gckommen, kemmst or kotnmst, to come out, issue, come forth. herausnehmen, v. a. sep., nahm, genommen, nimm, nimmst, to take [ ; sich etwas h,, to take a liberty, presume]. I herausquillen, v. n. (sein) sep., I quoU, gequoUen, to gush forth, well forth. herausschauen, v. n. (haben) sep. w., to look out. herausspringen, v. n. (sein) sep,, sprang, gesprungen, to jump out, run out or forth. herausstrecktn, v. a. sep. w„ to stretch out or forth (toward). heraussuchen, v. a. sep. w., to seek out (from among), pick out. heraustrSufeln, v. n. (sein) sep. w., to come out drop by drop, drip forth, heraustreiben, v. a. sep,, trieb, getrieben, to drive out or forth! herausziehen, v. a. sep., zog, gezogen, to pull out, draw forth [j V. n.. (sein), to march forth, pass out]. herbei, adv., up to, close to. [ = heran.J herbeilaufen, v, n, (sein) sep., lief, gelaufen, l&ufst, to run up, come near, approach quickly. He(e)rd, subst, m., gen.-es, ])1. -e, hearth, chimney-place 'die Herde, f., = flock, herd]. lierein, adv., in towarH, hereinkommen, v. n. (sein) sep., kam, gekommen, kSmmst or kommst, to come in (toward). 1 hereinlassen, v. a. sep., liess, gelassen, ISssest, Itsst, to let j in, admit (when the speaker is within). herelnspringen, v. n. (sein) sep., I sprang, gesprungen, to jump in,J)ound in, run in (toward), hereintrcten, v. n, (sein) sep., trat, getreten, tntt, trittst, ^tritt, to step in, enter. hergehen, v. n. (sein) sep., gieng, gegangen, to go along ; v. impers. to go on ; es gieng' hoch her, "there were great goings on." hernach, adv. of time, afterward, subsequently (= nachher). , Herr, subst. m., gen.-n, pi. -en, j gentleman ; master ; lord : fas ' title = Mr.]. ^ herrlich, adj., glorious, splendid, magnificent, grand, j Herrlichkeit, subst. f., pi. -en, I grandeur, splendour, magnifi- cence, herum, adv., round, about ; (of j time) over, past, ended, up (with I gegangen understood), herumfiihren, v. a. sep. w., to j lead or take round or about, ihernmgehen, v. n. (sein) sep., j gieng, gegangen, to go round, I walk round or about ; v. impers. (of time) to pass by, pass away ; return, herumkehren, v. a. refl. sep. w., to turn round or about. herumspielen, v. n. (haben) sep. w,, to play or frolic round or about. herumspringen, v. n. (sein) sep., sprang, gesprungen, to jump or run round or about, frisk about, frolic about, herunter, adv., down to, toward [ = herabj. 138 GLOSSARY. herunterffthren, v. a. sep. w., to lead or guide down (toward), bring down. herunterlaufen, v. n.' (sein) sep., lief, gelaufen, ISufst, to run down. herunterwerfen, v. a. sep., warf, geworfen, wirf, wirfst, to throw or cast down to or upon (gov. dat. or auf with ace), hervor, adv., forth, forth from, hervorholen, v. a. sep. w., to fetch forth, bring forth or out, hervortreten, v. n. (sein) sep., . trat, getreten, tritt, trittst, tritt, to come forward or forth, hervorziehen, v. a. sep., zog, gezogen, to draw forth, pull out. Herz, subst. n., gen. -ens, dat. -en, pi. -en, heart. Herzeleid, subst. n. comp., gen. -(e)s, no pi., injury, dnnoyance (lit. "heart-hurt"), herzen, v. a. w., to hug, caress, herzlich, adj., hearty, cordial ; adv. Iieartily, cordially. Herzog, subst. m., gen.-es, pi. Herz3gc, duke. Hexe, subst. f., pl.-n, witch. [Conn, with Eng. "hag."J Hexenkunst, subst. f. comp., pi. -kttnste, witcli's art, witchery, magic, magic art. hieb, impf. of hauen. hielt, impf. of halten. hier, adv. of ])lace, here, in this place ; hier herum, hereabouts, j in this neighbourhood, in these ! parts. Hifthorn, subst. n. comp., gen. ; -es, pl.-h6rner, bi>gle, hunting- horn. [ = horn on which the | "Hift," or view-halloo, is | blown ; not Httfthorn, as it has | nothing to dt) with Httfte, i "hip. "J j Himmel, subst. m.. iren.-s nt , heaven. iTen=— s. pL hin, .id v., hence (motion from the speaker or spectator. See her, of which it is the opposite) ; hin und her, hither and thither, up and down, to and fro. hin^b, adv., down, downward. hinabbeugen, v. a. refl. sep. w., to bow down, bend down, bend over. hinabgucken, v. n. (haben) sep. w., to look down (from), hinabplumpen, v. n. (sein) sep. w., to roll down, plump down (into the water, with a splash). hinauf, adv., up, upward (from), hinaufftthren, v. a. se]>. w., to lead up, guide up ; take up, bring up. hinauf helfen, v. n. (haben) sep., half, geholfen, hilf, hilfst, to help up (to a particular spot re- mote from the speaker as on a horse ; dat. of pers.) [aufhelfen = "to assist a pers. to rise"]. hinaufsteigen, v. n. (sein) sep., stieg, gestiegen, to ascend, hinaus, adv., outward, out. hinausbringen, v. a. sep. irrcg., brachte, gebracht, to bring out or forth. hinauseilen, v. n. (sein) sep. w., to Iiasten out. hinausfliegen, v. n. (sein) sep., flog, geflogen, to fly out or forth (from). hinausfiihren, v. a. sep. w., to lead out or forth (from a par- ticular place), hinausgehen, v. n. (sein) sep., gieng, gegangen, to go out or forth from a particular place ; ausgehen means simply to go out for a walk, etc. hinauslassen, v. a. ^ep., liess, gelassen, lassest, >sst, to let out (from a particulai place), hinausspringen, v. n. (sein) sep.. snratior cr»crkrnncr»Tn ir^ ... o — r & ; •■• J" out, run out or forth (from). GLOSSARY. 139 w. hinausstrecken, v. a. sep, to stretch out or forth. hinauswachsen, v. n. (sein)sei)., wuchs, gewachsen, wachs- est, wSchst, to grow out. hinderlich, adj., hindering, ob- structive (from foil. ). [hindern, v. a. w., to hinder; and that conn, with hinter, be- hind.] hindurch, adv., through, tlirougli- out ; frequently used like a pre]), after an ace, as : den ganzen Tag hindurch, "the whole day long." hindurchlassen, V. a. sep., liess, gelassen, lassest, to let through, hindurchsehen, v. a. sep., sah, gesehen, sieh, siehst, to see through, hinein, adv., into, inwards (when the speaker is without). hineinfallen, v. n. (sein) sep., fiel, gcfallen, fallst, to fall into. hineingehen, v. n. (sein), sep., | gieng, gegangen, to go in or into. j hineinkommen, v. n. (sein) sep., I kam, gekommen, kSmmst or kommst, to get in or into ["To come in" =//i'reinkommen]. i hineinlegen, v. a. sep. w., to lay, into, put into. j hineinschauen, v. n. (haben) seji. w., to look into, gaze into. hineinscheinen, v. n. (haben) Sep., schien, geschienen, to shine into. hineinspringen, v. n. (sein) sep., sprang, gesprungen, to jump into, run into. hineintreten, v. n. (sein) sep., ; trat, getreten, tritt, trittst, i tritt, to step into, enter j to | join in (a dance, J., p. 2q, 1. 3). V. a. Sep. w., to j hineinwickeln, I wrap up in. hinfahren, v. n. (sein) sep., fuhr, gefahren, fahrst, to drive or go , away (to a remote place) ; go on, I proceed, move along. I hinfallen, v. n, (sein) sep., fiel, gefallen, fSllst, to fall down, tumble over. I hinftthren, v. a. sep. w., to guide, lead to a place. hingeben, v. a. sep., gab, ge- geben, gib, gibst, to give up. hmgehen, v. n. (sein) sep., j gieng, gegangen, to go away to (a remote place). hinken, v. n. (haben) w., to I linij), go lame. hinkommen, v. n. (sein) sep., kam, gekommen, kftmmst or kommst, to come to, get to or at (a remote place), hinlaufen, v. n. (sein) sep., lief, gelaufen, laufst, to run away, go off. hinnehmen, v. a. sep., nahm, genommen, nimm, nimmst, to take to (a remote place). [It frequently = "to take to one's self," in violation of the usual ^meaning of hin.] hinstellen, v. a. sep. w., to put in position, place, set down. hinten, adv. of place, at the back, behind ; to be dist. from foil. hinter, jJrep., behind, after. hinterher, adv. of place, behind, along behind (motion toward the thing preceding). hinterhergehen, v. n. (sein) sep., gieng, gegangen, to go or walk along behind. Hinterfusz, subst. m. comp., gen.-es, pl.-ftlsze, hind-foot. Hintertftr(e), subst. f. comp., pi. -en, back-door. hinzu, adv. of place, up to (a re- mote place). 140 CLOSSARV. hinzuspringen, v. n. (sein) sep., sprang, gesprungen, to jump up to, run up to (the aid of). [Hirsch, suljst. m., gen.-es, pi. -e, stag, deer.] Hirschfi&nger, subst. m. comp., gen.-s, pi. , hunting-knife. ho ! ho ! double interj., ho ! ho ! hob (or hub), impf. of heben, "lift." hoch, adj., compar. hSher, superl. hSchst ; when in declension a vowel follows, h is dropped, as hohe, hohes, etc., high, lofty; adv. highly. hochachten, v. a. sep. w., acht- ete, geachtet, to esteem highly. Hochmut, subst. m. comp., gen. -(e)S, no pi., haughtiness, pride, arrogance [an unpardonable pride ; Stolz may be a pardon- able pride]. h5chstens, superl. adv. of com- par., at most [h5chst — ex- ceedingly, most ; am hSchsten, most highly]. Hochzeit, subst. f. comp., pi. -en, feast, festival ; wedding, marriage [lit. "high time," orig. = a feast of any kind], Hof, subst. m., gen.-(e)s, pi. H5fe, yard ; court (of a palace ; hence of a king or prince). Hofstaat, subst. m. comp. coll., gen.-(e)s, no pi., the courtiers, court (persons in the court) hence retinue. Hdhe, subst. f., pl.-n, height; in die H. heben, to raise up, lift up. hohl, adj., hollow. hold, adj., fair, beautiful, charm- ing ; ':ind. kindly. holen, V. a. w., to fetch, bring. HfiUe. subst. f., no pi., hell (in- ( ™1 \A\ H511i^nfeuer, subst. n. comp.. gen.-s, pi. , hell-fire, heliish fire, fire oi intense heat (like that of hell). Holz, subst. n., gen.-es, pl.-e and Hdlzer, wood [ ; forest]. h&lzern, adj., wooden, of wood. Holzschuh, subst. m. comp., gen.-(e)s, pl.-e, wooden shoe, patten. hopp ! hopp ! interj., used to make a horse trot ; trot ! trot !, gee-up, get-up. horchen, v. n. (haben) w., to hearken, listen (gov. auf with ace, of obj.). hSren, v. a. and n. (haben) w., to hear (gov. ace, or auf with ace, in sense of "hearkening to"). Horn, subst. n., gen.-(e)s, pi. H5riier, horn. H6rnerblasen, subst. n. comp. inf., gen.-s, no pi., blowing of horns, horn-blowing. hub (or hob), impf. of heben, "to lift." hiibsch, adj., pretty [orig. hSfisch (from Hof), courtly, polished, elegant] ; adv. nicely, prettily (see R., p. II, 1. II, note). Huhn, subst. n., gen.-(e)s, pi. Hiihner, fowl [the generic word; the male bird is Hahn, the fe- male HenneJ. Hund, subst. m., gen. -(e) s, , pi. -e, dog [Eng. "hound," used only for hunting dogs] ; dim. HUndchen, -lein, n. Hundegebell, subst. n. comp. freq., gen.-(e)s, no pi., barking of dogs, baying of hounds. hundert, card, num., pl.-e, hun- dred. hundertjahrig, adj. comp., last- ing for a hundred years. Hunger, subst. m., gen.-s, no pi., liungcr [pronounce hung-cr, not hung-ger]. ■ , GLOSSARY. 141 '■ , hlipfen, V. n. (haben) w., to hop, skip, jump. Husar, subst. m., gen. -en, or -s, pi. -en, hussar (light horse- soldier). Hut, subst. m., gen.-(e)s, pi. Httte, hat ; dist. from foil. Kut, subst. f., nopL, heed, guard, protection, ward; auf der H. sein, to be on one's guard. httten, V. a. w., htttete, gehtttet (from prec), to watch over, protect, guard; v. refl., to be on one's guard (gov. vor with dat. of obj.). I, the ninth letter of the alphabet and third vow., has the sound of ee in Iiecl when long ; of i in skin when short. ich, pers. pron., first pers. sing., gen. meiner or mein, dat. mir, ace. mich, pi. nom. wir, gen. unser, dat. ace. uns, I (not written with a capital letter, un- less it begins a sent.). ihn, ace. sing, of er, pers. pron. third sing., him (direct obj.) ; it (of masc. inanimate obj.). ihnen, dat. pi., of all genders, third pers. (nom. sie), to them, them (indirect obj.). ihr, pers, pron. second pi., gen. euer, dat. ace. euch, ye, you (the pi. of du, used in address- ing several persons, each of whom may be addressed as du ; also used, in some parts of Ger- many, in addressing a single pers., either superiors or in- feriors, like Eng. "you," but not in common use), ihr, pers. pron. third sing, f., dat. of sie, "she," to her, her (as indir. obj.) ; to it, il (of fem. inanimate obj. ). ihr (or ihrer), gen. sing, of same, • of her, her ; also gen. pi. third pers. all genders (nom. sie), of them, their ; hence : ihr, ihre, ihr, poss. adj. of third Ping, fern., her; its (of inani- mate objects) ; also of third pi. of ail genders, their : um jhret- wiUen, for her sake, for their sake. im, contr. for in dem. immer, adv., always, on every occasion (neg. nimmer; see je) [comp. of ie (=je) and m6r (mehr), "evermore"], in, prep, (with dat.) in, within; (with ace.) into (motion or di- rection to). [Not used as pre- fix with verbs; ein takes its place.] indem, indessen, adv., in the meanwhile (takes verb in second place, throwing subj. after verb when it begins sent.); subord. conj., while, whilst (throws verb to end of sent. ; indem is gener- ally eonj. ). ins, contr. for in das. irden, adj., no compar., earthen, of earthenware [from Brde; irdisch= "earthly"], iss, imper. second sing., from essen, "to eat." isst, third sing. pres. ind. of same, ist, third sing. pres. ind. of sein. "to be." J, the tenth letter of the alphabet, is the cons, form of I, and is pron. like the Eng. cons, y in yes, etc. ja, affirm, adv., yes ; by all means (to emphasize an imper., etc.); you know, I'm sure; why (er 142 GLOSSAHY. \ hat es ja, "he has it, you know;" Sie wissen es ja, "I'm sure you know it;" da ist er ja, "why, there he is"); [ja nicht, by no means]. Jagd, subst. f., pi. -en, hunt, chase. Jagdhund, subst. m. comp., gen. -{e)s, pl.-e, hunting -dog, hound. Jagdlust, subst. f. comp., no pi., delight in the chase, in hunting, pleasure of hunting. jagen, v. a. and n. (haben or sein), to hunt, chase ; pursue, drive. J&ger, subst. m., gen. -8, pi. , hunter, huntsman. Jahr, subst. n., gen.-(e)s, pl.-e, year. Jammer, subst. m., gen.-s, no pi., misery, wretchedneas ; grief, sorrow. j&mmerlich, adj., miserable, wretched, pitiable ; adv. wretchedly, etc. jammern, v. n. (haben) w., to grieve, sorrow, be sorry. [The Scotch "yammer" means to make a noise expressive of .^ grief, etc.] jammervoU, adj. comp., wretch- ed, miserable, pitiable, piteous ; adv. wretchedly, etc. je, indef. adv. of time, ever, on any occasion [::=jemals. Eng. "ever" is sometimes used as = "always;" je is never thus used]. jeder, -e, -es, indef. pronom. adj., every, each ; sometimes prec. by indef. art., ein jeder, eines jeden, etc. | jedermann, indef. pronom. ! subst., gen.-s, no pi., every one, every person, every- body. jederzeit, adv. gen. of time, at every time, on each occasion, at all times'. [jemals, adv. gen. of time, at any time, ever.] jemand, indef. pronom. subst., gen.-(e)s, dat.- or -en, ace.-, no pi., seme or any one, some or any person, somebody, any- body ["not any one, etc." =^ niemand, not nicht je- mand]. jetzt, adv. of time, now, at the present time [formerly itzt, itzo or jetzo]. Johannes, subst. m. prop., John [nickname, Hans], jung, adj., compar. jiinger, young, youthful. Jungfer, subst. f., pl.-n, young (unmarried) woman, maid ; vir- gin. Jungfrau, subst. f. comp., pi. -en, young (unmarried) woman, maid ; virgin. Jttngling, subst. m. dim., gen. -(e)s, pl.-e, young man, youth. K K, the eleventh letter of the alphn- bet, is pron. as in English. When doubled, it is written ck, except when the two letters are divided between two different lines in printing, when they are writteri k-k. [Kalb, subst. n., gen.-es, pi. KSlber, calf.] kalt, adj., compar. k<er, cold. Kamm, subst. m., gen.-(e)s, pi. Kamme, comb. kammen, v. a. w., to comb. Kammer, subst. f., pl.-n, room, chamber ; apartment [from Lat. cameraX Kammerfrau, subst. f. comp., pi. j^ ■( G..OSSARV. 143 -en, chamber-woman, tire- woman, lady-in-wailing. Kammerjungfer, suhst. f. comp., pl.-n, chamber-woman (unmar- rietl), lady's-maid, tire-woman. \ [It means the lady's maid ; "chamber-maid," the Eng. ety- mological equivalent, having a different meaning.] kann, pres. ind. of kSnnen. Kappe, subst. f., pl.-n, cap ; dim. Kappchen. [Syn. Mtttze.j Karren, subst. m., gen.-s, pi. , car, cart, barrow. K&se, subst. m., gen.-s, pi, , cheese. Kauf, subst. m., gen.-(e)s, pi. K&ufe, purchase, bargain ; des Kaufs einig sein, to agree upon a bargain, strike a bargain. kaufen, v. a. w., to buy, purchase. Kaufmann, subst. m. comp., gen.-(e)j, pl.-leute, merphant, trader. Kaufmannskleid, subst. n. comp., gen.-es, pl.-er, costume or robe of a merchant or trader. kaum, adv., scarcely, hardly ; (of time) scarcely, hardly, but now, no sooner. kehren, v. a., to turn ; v. n., to re- turn. kein, -e, - (when before a subst. ), indef. num. adj., no, not any. keiner, -e, -es (when without a subst.), indef. num., none, not one, not any (person or thing). kennen, v. a. irreg., kannte, ge- kannt, to know, be acquainted with, [kennen (conn, with Scotch '*>t^«") = Fr. connaitre, is generally used of a knowledge of or acquaintance with persons ; sometimes of an intimate knowl- edge of things, e.^'-. : wissen Sie den Weg = "do you know the road (sufificiently not to po astray), do you know which road to take ;" kennen Sic den Weg, "are you familiar with the road."] Kette, subst. f., pl.-n, chain, fet- ter. Kind, sul)st. n., gen.-es, pl.-er, child. [Conn, with Eng. "kin" and "kind."] Kinderfrau, subst. f. comp., pi. -en, nuise. Kindermadchen, subst. n. comp. dim., gtn.-s, pi. , nurse- maid, nurse. Kinderstube, subst. f. comp., pl.-n, nursery [lit. "children's room "]. Kind(er)taufe, subst. f. comp., pl.-n, baptism of a child, christ- ening. Kind(er)taufschmaus, subst. m. comp., gen.-es, pl.-schmSuse, christening-feast. Kinn, subst. n., gen.-(e)s, pl.-e, chin. Kirche, subst. f., pl.-n, church. Kissen, subst. n. , gen.-s, pi. , cushion ; dim. Kisschen. Kittel, subst. m., gen.-s, pi. , kirtle (of a woman), blouse (of a man, loose outer garment of coarse stuff worn by working- men) ; dim.-chen. Klafter, subst. m. or n. (gen.-s, pi. ), or f. (pl.-n), a mea- sure of length, of the distance between the extremities of the outstretched arms, fathom (but not confined, as in Eng., to measuring at sea, as length of cables, depth of water, etc.) [also used as cubic measure of wood, like Eng. "coril"]. klar, adj., clear. kleben, v. n. (haben) w., to cleave, stick, adhere. Kleid, subst. n., gen.-es, pl.-er, [conn, with Eng. "cloth"]. 144 GLOSSA/iY. kleiden, v. n. w., kleidete, ge- kleidet, to clothe, dress ; v. retl. lo clothe one's self, attire one's self, dress. k!ein. adj., small, lit:le (never used, like the latter word in P^ng., of quantity, but only of size), klettern, v. n. (haben and sein) w., to climb, clamber. Klinke, subst. f., pl.-n, handle, latch (of a door, etc.). klopfen, V. a. and n. w., to knock. Klumpen, subst. m., gen.-s, pi. , lump, mass. Knie, subst. n., gen.-(e)s, pi. -(e), knee. knie(^)n, v. n. (haben) w., to knee', lie on one's knees [when spelt with one e, pron. as two syll.]. Knochen, subst. m., gert.-s, pi. , bone [more usual in this sense than Bein]. kochen, v. a. and n. (sein) w., to boil, cook. Kochen, subst. n., gen.-s, no pi. (inf. of prec), cooking. Kohle, subst. f., pl.-n, coal (live coal) ; cinder (dead coal, of wood or other material). [Coal, as a mineral product, = Steinkohle. Kohl, m., = "calibage."] Kohlenfeuer, subst. n. comp., gen.-s, pi. , coal-fire. kommen, v. n. (sein), kam, ge- kommen, kdmmst or kommst, to come ; zu sich k., to come to one's self or senses, to return to consciousness zum Vor- schein k., to make one's ap- pearance, come forth. [When accompanied by another verb defining the motion, It gov. the past, not the pres. part., as : er kam cfelaufen, "he came run- ning," etc.] j Kttnig, subst. m., gen.-(e)8, pi. ! -e, king. ! Kttnigjn, suijst. f., pl.-innen, j queen. I kflniglich, adj., kingly, royal. I Kanigreich, subst. n. comp., gen.-(e)s, pl.-e, kingdom, I realm. Kdnig(s)sohn, subst. m. comp,, gen.-(e)s, pl.-sahne, king's son, prince. Kfinigstochter, subst. f. comp,, pl.-tfichter, king's daughter, princess. k5nnen, v. a. irreg., pres. ind. kann, kannst, kann, kfinnen, etc.; pres. subj. kfinne, impf. ind., konnte, impf. subj. kttnnte, part, gekonnt; can, to be able. [Indicates ability (generally physical) of persons, and possilnlity (of things) ; hence, by a loose and incorrect usage (as in ifng.) permission, for which dttrfen is the proper word. When indicating possi- bility, it is rendered by "may," as: es kann sein, "it may be. "J Kopf, suijst. m., gen.-(e)s, pi. KSpfe, head ; dim. Kfipfchen [Syn. HauptJ. Kopfkissen, subst. n. comp., gen.-s, pi. , pillow [lit. "head-cushion"]. Kerb, subst. m., gen.-(e)s, pi. Kttrbe, basket. Korn, sub^t. n., gen.-(e)s, pi. K6rner, grain (single seed) ; grain (coll. ), wheat, corn ; dim. K5rnlein (in first sense). Kost, subst. f. [pi. -en, cost, ex- pense ;], fare (of eating), food (no pi. in the latter sense). kosten, v. a. and n. (haben) w., kostete, gekostet, to cost [gov. . u;_C. „r — :__ __ J j_. pers. J also = to taste]. GLOSSARY. 145 . kfistlich, adj., cosily ; precious ; delicious, K., p. 45, 1. 28, Kraft, suhst. f., pi. Krafte, strength, power, might. [Usccl in the first place of physical strength, then of ability to do a thing ; Gewalt = "violence," Macht =r "authority, power" (as an attribute of a ruler, etc.). Kraft is used also as a so-called prep, with gen. (really a subst. in instrumental case) = "by virtue of."] Kr&mer, subst. m., gen.-s, pi. , pedlar, hawker. Kr&mwrfrau, subst. f. comp., pi. -en, pedlar-woman. KrMmerin, subst. f., pl.-innen, pedlar-woman. krank, adj., conipar. kranker, ill, sick ; der, die, das -e, ein, -er, subst, (decl. as adj.), a sick person, i)atient. Kraut, subst. n., gen.-es, pi. KrSuter, herb. kriechen, v. n. (generally with sein, esp. when indicating change of place ; also with haben, esp. when indicating the iinyde of motion), kroch, gekrochen, to creep, crawl. kriegen, v. a. w., to get, obtain [not used in elevated language ; syn. erhalten, etc.; as v. n. = "to make war" (from Krieg)]. Krone, subst. f., pl.-n, crown. Kropf, subst. m., gen.-(e)s, pi. KrSpfe, crop (throat of birds) ; dim. Krdpfchen. krumm, adj., compar. krttmmer, crooked, twisted. KtLche, subst. f., pl.-n, kitchen [conn, with kochen, "cook," etc.]. Kuchen, subst. m., gen.-s, pi. prec.]. 10 ...i.~ r^c ,an.c lui same uii^iu Ktichenfenster, subst. n. comp., gen.-s, pi. , kitchen-win- dow. Kilchenjungc, subst. m. comp., gtn.--n, pl.-n, kitchen-boy, sculliop. Kttchenmagd, subst. f. comp., pl.-magde, kitchen-maid, scul- lion. Kuh, su1)st. f., pi. Ktthe, cow. Kuhfleisch, subst. n., gen.-es, no pi., beef [cow-flesh]. [Kunst, subst. f., pi. Kanste, art, artifice ; hence :J kUnstlich, adj., artificial, artistic, skilful ; adv. skilfully, etc. kurz, adj., compar. kUrzer, short, brief. Kuss, sul)st. m., gen.-es, pi. Kiisse, kiss. L, the twelfth letter of the alpha- bet, pronounce as in Eng. laben, v. a. w., to refresh. lachen, v. n. (haben) w., to laugh. [dim. l&cheln = "smile."] laden, v. a., lud or ladete, ge- laden, ladest or l&dst, ladet or l&dt, to load ; to invite [= ein- laden. The weak impf. is rare, though occurring in this work. Both forms of the sec- ond and third sing. pres. intl. given are used without distinc- tion. The two forms (weak and strong) were orig. from dif- ferent roots, but are now fused into one]. Lager, subst. n., gen.-s, pi. , couch (from legen, liegen) [also means a place where any- ining 15 ocpoaiicQ, a warcnousc, magazine]. 146 cr.ossARV. I li Laken, subst. n., gen.-s, pi. , sIlL'Ct. Lampe, subst. f., pL-n, lamp; \. MSuler, mouth (of beasts), muzzle. Meet, subst. n., gen.-(e)s, pl.-e, sea, ocean. [Syn. die See.] mehr, adj. and adv. of quant, (compar. of viel), more. [The pi. subst. form mehre or mehr- ere (also used in n. sing, mehreres), = several.] mein, gen. of ich, first pers. pron., hence : mein, -e, mein, poss. adj. (decl. like indef. art.), my [; poss. pron. meiner, -e, -es (without a noun following), or der, die, das meinige or meine, mine]. meinen, v. a. w., to mean, intend. melken, v. a. strong (moik, ge- molken, milk, milkst), andw., to niilk. Menge, subst. f. coll., pl.-n, ass crowd ; large quantity, m (vulg. "lot'*). f-^, Mensch, subst. m., gen.-ch, ])1. -en, human iieing [see Mann. When neut., it is used dis- resjwctfully of a woman (=" wench")], menschlich, .adj., human [ ; hu- mane] ; adv. humanly, etc. [" manly "=m«nnlich.] merkcn, v. a. v,., to mark, notice, oliserve. Messe, subst. f,, pl.-n, fair (market-fair) [also =: "mass " (reliijimtf ceremony) ; the former meaning is deriv. from tlie latter, "feast," "fair"]. R^esser, subsi. n., gc.i.-s, i)l. , knife ; tlim, -lein, n. Metzger, subst. m., gen.-s, \A. , butcher. Milch, subst. f., no pi., milk. mild(e), .adj., mild, gentle, soft (of cliaracter). mildern, v. a. w., to soften, alleviate, mitigate. mis(s)-, prefix before subst., adj., and verbs, = Eng. "mis-," of negative or disparaging force, as : Mis(s)gunst, subst. f., no. pi. [dislike], jealousy. mit, prep., gov, dat. only, with, alonj^ with. [Indicates associa- tion, companionship ; also the means or instr., with things (not with persons) ; see durch, von, and a good grammar for full dis- tinction.] mitansehen, v. a. sep., sah, gesehen, sieh, siehst, to view a tiling in company with others, mitbringen, v. a. sep. irreg., brachte, gebracht, to bring along, bring with one. mitgehen, v. n. (sein) sep., fe'*^"ft) scgangen, lu go along with, accompany. \ 150 GLOSSARY. I mitkommen, v. n, (sein) sep., kam, gekommen, kdmmst or kommst, to come along, go with (any persoa), go along; keep up with a person. Mitleiden, subst n. comp., gen. -s, no pi., pity, compassion. [Inf. of mitleiden, "to suffer with a person," compare the formation of the Lat. word com- passio.'\ Mittag, subst. m. comp., gen. -(e)s, pi.-e, mid-day, noon, [from Mitte, "middle."] Mittagsbrot, subst. n. comp., gen.-es, no pi., m^d-day meal, lunch, dinner. Mittel, subst. n., gen.-s, pi. — j-, I means ; remedy [from Mitte]. ' mitten, adv. of place, amidst, in the middle (foil, by in vyith dat., as : mitten sm Winter, or prec. by in and foil, by gen. : in mitten des Winters, in the middle of winter. Mitternacht, subst. f. comp., pi. -nSchte, midnight. mdgen, v. a. and n. (haben) irreg., aux. of mood, pres. ind. mag, magst, mag, pi. m5gen, etc. ; pres. subj. mSge, impf. ind. mochte, impf. subj. mSchte, part, gemocht, no imper. ; like, may (in past tense "might"), can. [The fundamental mean- ing is that of preference on the part of the subj. of the verb ; in the second and third pers. it may mean (like Eng. "may") permission ; and (of things) pos- sibility. It shares the peculiari- ties of inflexion and constr. of the other aux. of mood (see under dttrfen).] Moos, subst. n., gen.-es, pl.-e, moss. Mnror»n t^n r\t?f '» Pl. — , morning, morn ; des Morgens or am M., "in the morning." morgen, adv. of time, to-morrow (next day). mlide, adj., tired, weary, fatigued. Mflhe, subst. f., pl.-n, trouble, toil. Mund, subst. m., gen.-es, pl.-e or Mflnde (both rare), mouth (human). [Compounds indicat- ing persons (as Vormund) have pl.-mfinder.J munfer, adj. [wakeful, awake;], lively, vivacious. murren, v. n. (haben), to mutter, grumble, murmur. Musik, subst. f., no pl, music miissen, v. n. (haben), aux. of mood, irreg., pres. ind. muss, musst, muss, pl. miissen, etc.; pres. sul)j. mttsse ; impf. ind. musste ; impf. subj, mttsste; part, gemusst; no imper., must, to be obliged. [Implies an obligation or neces- sity imposed by circumstances rather than a moral obligation (which is expressed by sollen) ; shares the peculiarities of other auxils. of mood (see dttrfen).] Mut(h), courage ; disposition, Reeling, state of mind ; schlecht, wohl, etc., zu Mut(e) sein, werden, "to feel ill, well," etc. Mutter, subst. f., pl. Matter, mother; dim. Mtttterchen, n. [little mother, mother dear] ; little or poor old woman. D., p. 18, I. I. mutterseligallein, adj. comp., no compar., alone and forsaken [gen. mutterseelenalleinj. [Mtttze, subst. f., pl.-n, cap.] N r-i, tne touilttcnlh ietter of the alphabet, is generally pron. as in aiaaa GLOSSARY. 151 Eng. ; but when occurring with g between two vowels, one g only is heard ; as : Fing-er (as in Eng. sing-er, not as in ^^*^S-S^^)- The g in final -ng is often pron. like k, as Ring, pron. Rink or Ring, etc. nach, prep., gov. dat. only, to, toward ; after (of time and order) ; for (purpose see note to p. 50, 1. 5) ; according to (consequence). [The Eng. prep, "to" is rendered by nach before names of towns and countries, as : ich gehe nach Paris, nach Frankreich, "I am going to -Paris, to France (not zu) ; so also with Haus, as nach Hause, "home."] It frequently takes zu after the noun, to indicate "in the direc- tion of," a-j : nach dem Hause zu, "in the direction of the house;" nach und nach (adv.), gradually, by degrees. (Compare Eng. "by and by.") nachdem, adv. conj., after that, after. [Comp, of prep, nach and dem, pron. da.] nachgehen, v. n. (sein) sep., gieng, gegangen, to follow ^af ter, pursue (dat. of obj. ). nachjagen, v. n. (haben) sep. w., to hunt after, chase, pursue (dat. of obj. ). nachschleichen, v. n. (sein) Sep., schlich, geschlichen, to sneak after, slink after, follow secretly (dat. of obj. ). nachsehen, v. n. (haben) sep., sah, gesehen, sieh, siehst, to look after (a pers. who is disap- pearing, gov. dat. of obj.); to look after, attend to (a thing) ; inquire (R., p. 14, 1. 2). nachsetzen, v. n. (haben) sep. w., to pursue. nachsuchen, v. a. and n. (haben) sep. w., to make a search. Nacht, subst. f., pi. Nftchte, night [adv. gen. Nachts, or des Nachts, by night], Nagel, subst. m., gen.-s, pi. N&gel, nail. nah(e), adj., comp. nSher, superl. nSchst, near, next (with dat. of obj.) [conn, with prep, nach]. N&he, subst. f., no pi., nearness, presence, proximity. nahen, v. a. and refl. w., to draw near, come near, approach (dat. of obj.). nahen, v. a. and n. (habtn) w., to sew. n&hern, v. a. refl., to draw nearer, approach (dat. of obj. ). nahm, impf. ind. of nehmen, "to take." nahren, v. a. w., to nourish, foster, cherish ; v. refl., to be fed or nourished, to live. Name(n), subst. m., gen.-ns (or rarely -n), dat. acc-n, pl.-n, name [comp. decl. of Buch- stabe(n), Friede(n), Glau- be(n), etc.]. Napf, subst. m., gen.-es, pi. NSpfe, pot, vessel, utensil. Nase, subs*:, f., pl.-n, nose. neben, prep., gov. dat. and ace, near, alongside of, adjacent to [coincides with bei in this sense]. nehmen, v. a., nahm, ge- nommen, nimm, nimmst, to take ; in Empfang n., to receive ; Teil nehmen [to take interest in], to share in (gov. an with dat.). Neid, subst. m., gen.-es, no pi., envy, jealousy [the strict equiv- alent tor the latter is Eifer- suchtj. 152 GLOSS A MY. neidisch, adj., envious, jeal- ous. neigen, v. a. n. and refl. w., to bow, bow down ; bend down, incline. [Hence the sulist. Neigung= "inclination, affec- tion."] nein, neg. adv., no. ["No," as adj. = kein.J nennen, v. a. irreg., nannte, genannt, to name, call. neu, adj., new; von neuem or auf's neue, anew, again. Neugierde^ subst. f., no pi., curiosity, inquisitiveness [lit. "greed of something new"]. nicht, neg. adv., not. Ilicht£, indef. neg. pron. indecl. n., nothing. nicken, v. n. (haben) w., to nod ; mit dem Kopfe n., tp nod the head. nie, neg. adv. of time (past or fut.), never [=je with neg. pref. n-]. nieder, adv., downward, down. niederblicken, v. a. sep. w., to look down (gov. auf with ace. of obj.). niederfailen, v. n. (sein) sep., fiel, gefallen, fMllst, to fall down. nlederknie(e)n, v. n. (haben, sein) and refl. sep. w., to kneel down, fall on one's knees, nlederlassen [v. a., to let down, lower] ; v. refl. sep., liess, ge~ lassen, l&ssest, l&sst, to let one's self down, lower one's self ; settle down, sit down ; settle ; alight (of birds), niederschiessen, v. a. sep., s.hoss, geschossen, to shoot down, niedersetzen, v. a. sep. w., to set down, pul down ; v. leil., lo sit down, seat one's sslf. niedersinken, v. n. (sein) sep., sank, gesunken, to sink down, fall down. niedersitzen, v. n. (haben) sep., sasz, gesessen, to sit down ; im N. (inf. as subst.), in sitting down. niedrig, adj., lowly, low; base, mean (of character). niemals, never, not on any oc- casion [= nie, but more ex- plicit]. niemand, gen.-(e)s, dat.-em or -en, ace.-, or -en, indef. neg. pron., no one, nobody, no per- son, not any one, etc, ; n. an- ders [or sonsir] (als), "no one else, no other person (than)." [nimmer], nimmermehr, adv. (of future time), never, never again, nevermore. noch, adv., still, yet (of time or comparison). [TheEng. "still, yet," when ad vers. conj. (— "nevertheless") are rendered by doch ; noch heute ~ "while it is yet to-day, before to-day is over;" with iium., noch = "more," "another," as: noch zwei, "two more,'''' noch eine Tasse, '^another ^cup."] nochmals, once more, again [= noch einmal]. Not(h), subst. f., pi. N5te, need, necessity ; trouble ; [not tun, "to be necessary;" here not is adj^ rather than subst. ; — n5tig sein]. nudeln, v. a. w., to fatten, cram, stuff (a goose for fattening). nun, adv. of time and conj., now, at present ; well ( ; parenthetic); accordingly. nur, adv., only, just ; even ; [used with imper. for emphasis ui ciicuuiugctucul, Ub : tuil &>i« es nur, "do it by all means, . ftmmm CLOSSARY. 153 A go on doing it*'] (comp. Fr. toujours). Also joined with rel. wer, as : wer nur = "who- ever, ' ' Nuss, subst, f., pi, Nftsse, nut. Nusshecke, subst, f, comp., pi, -n, hedge of nut-trees, nut- hedge. O, the fifteenth letter of the alpha- bet, pron. as in Eng. ; when it has the Umlaut (5, Oe) it has no equivalent in Eng., being pron. much like the Fr. eu (as in jeii), with rounded and pro- truding lips, O! interj,, O ! Oh ! ob, conj., whether, if, as: "ask him if, i.e., 'whether,' he will come," fragen Sie ihn ob (not wenn) er kommen wolle; generally with subj. mood [sometimes ob = obgleich," al- though ;" still sometimes found as prep, with dat. = " on account of, over, about;" ob aurh, although (= obgleich)]. Oben, adv. of place (from prec), above, at the top [as prep. " above "= fiber]. obendrein, adv., besides, into the bargain, in addition, obgleich, conj., although, though. [The two parts are sometimes separated ; see note to p. 33, 1. IS-] Oder, disj. coord, conj., or. Ofen, subst. m., gen.-s, pi. Oefen, stove ; oven. offet\, adj., open ; hence : 5ffnen, v. a. w., dffnete, ge- fiffnet, to open. oft, adv., often, ofttimes, fre- quently. ohne, prep,, with ace. only, without [not "outside," but = " devoid of;" conn, with , Ger. and Eng. pref. .m-\ Ohnmacht, subst, f. comp., pi. -en, faint, fainting-fit; weak- ness, feebleness, powerlessness f = Unmacht]. ohnmSchtig, adj. comp., faint- ing, unconscious [ ; feeble, weak, powerless]. Ohr, subst. n., gen.-(e)s, pi. , -en, ear (organ of hearing). Ohrfeige, subst. f. comp., pi. .. -n, box on the ear. 01, subst. n., gen.-(e)s, pl.-e, ,,oil. [Ollampe, subst. f. comp., pl.-n, oil-lamp;] dim.-iampchen, n. cpfern, v, a, w,, to offer uj), sacri- fice, ordentlich, adj., Oiderly, regular, proper, real, actual; adv,, actually ; properly, ordnen, v. a. w., ordnete, ge- , ordnet, to order, arrange. Ordnung, subst. f., no pi., ar- rangement, order [not = "com- mand," in which sense "order" = Befehl]. Ort, subst. m., gen.-(e)8, pl.-e, or Oerter, place ; village, ham- let. [The latter form of the pi. is more common ; that in ~e is used of places collectively, or as localities ; so the adv. gen. pi. : aller Orten, ^'everywhere," where a third pi. form occurs (in -en).] P, the sixteenth letter of the alpha- bet, pron. as in Eng, The — --■--• J i— .-...,...-.- y-rj which occurs only m foreign (Greek) words. I 154 GLOSSAJ^Y. packen, v. a. w., to seize, grasp. Pantoffel, subst. m., gen.-s, pi. -, or -n, slipper. Par, subst. n., ' gen.-(e)s, pi. -e, pair, couple (two belonging together). As noun of num. does not change in pi. , as : 2wei P. Schuhe, " two pair of shoes." par, with small p, is really identical with prcc, but is fre- quently thus written, as though it were an adv. of quant., and by an incorrect use means "a few" (like the Eng. "couple" by a similar incorrect usage). passen, v. n. (haben) w., to fit, suit (gov. dat. of pers., or an with ace). Pech, subst. n., gen,-(e)s, no pi., pitch [used in slang as = "ill- luck." Pech haben, "to be unlucky"]. Pelz, subst. n., gen.-es, pl.-e, hide, skin, fur (generally of fur- bearing animals ; compare Eng. "pelt, peltries"), Perle, subst. f., pl.-n, pearl. Pfarrer, subst. ni., gen.-s, pi. , pastor, minister, paison. Pferd, subst. n., gen.-es, pl.-e, horse [the most general word, comp. Gaul]. pflanzen, v. a. w., to plant. pflegen, v. a. w,, to cherish, nourish, foster, care for, nurse (gov. gen. or ace.) ; v. n., to be wont, be accustomed or used ; [the strong forms (pflog or pflag, gepfllogen) are only used in the sense of attending to, practising (a business, trade, etc.)]. Pflegevater, subst. comp. m., gen.-s, pL-vSter, foster-father picken, v. a. w., to peck, pick. word, used of birds pecking. plagen, v. a. w., to plague, tor- ment, tease, bother. plStzlich, adj., sudden ; adv. suddenly, all at once. plumpen, v. n. (sein) w., to fall or roll awkwardly, with a splash. Pracht, subst. f. [pi. -en, rare], splendour, magnificence, gian- deur, pomp. pr&chtig, adj., splendid, mag- nificent, gorgeous; adv. splen- didly, etc. [probiren, v. a. w. (part, probirt), to try, prove ; attempt.] Q, the seventeenth letter of the alphabet, is rare in Germ, words. It is always followed by u, and is pron. like Eng. aB^, ge- sessen, to sit. Sneewittchen, subst. rop. 'an. n., Snow-white, [;.ow -' -crm c' aleciic form of Schneev/eiss- ciien.] so, adv., ! , thus; such (before adj.); conj., so (frequently to be left untransluicd) ; it is ery cnmmon as introducing a p ic. sent, when preceded by a dep. sent., as : wenn du die Linsen ausge'-sen hast, so sollst du ■litgel n; or an imper., as: biCib frcmm . . so vird dir . . . Gott oeistehe A., p. I, 1. 4. sog, impf. ind. of saugen, "to suck." Sohn, subst. m., gen.-(e)s, pi. Sfihne, son ; dim. S5hn- [chf ! -lein, n. olleii V. i. (haben), aux. of mood, pres. ind. soil, sollst, soil, sollen, etc.; pres. subj. solle in if. ind. and subj. sollte; part. gesoUt; no it- per., shall, must ; ich soil es tun, 'lamtoduit. [Indie s that the subj. of the vei . is under the control f some other person ; of moral obligation rather than physical ( *e mtts- sen). "Shall," whc mere a tx. of fut. ten in Eng., is to be rendered by werde . (see werden, wollen). Sh the peculiarities of other .ax, of mood, as : er h&tte es tun sol- "n, "he oughf. to have done 11 "(though the forn; er sollte es getan haben is also admis- ZI l62 GLOSSARY. ! sible), see dflrfen. Er soil ea getan haben, " He is said to have done it. "J [sdndern, v. a. w., to separate ; dist. from :] sdndern, coord, adv. conj., but (used after a neg. when there is a correction of the whole or part of a previous statement ; hence "not only—but also" = nicht nur — sondern auch j aber is always used after an affirmative proposition ; also af- ter a uetf. sent, if introducing, not a correction, but a limita- tion of, or an addition to, a previous statement ; as : Er hat es noch nicht getan, aber er wird es tun, "He has not yet done it, but he will do it"). ['.Jona. with besonders ; son- derbar, Eng. "asunder," hence the meaning.] Sonne, subst. *., pl.-n, sun. Sonnenstrahl, subst. m. comp., gen.-(e)8, pi. -en, sunbeam, ray of the sun. [S6nntag, subst. m. con /p., gen. ~(e)8, pl.-e, Sunday.] S6nntagskind, subst. n. comp., gen.-es, pl.-er, child born on Sunday, lucky child [accordingto the common belief to that ef- fect]. sonst, conj., otherwise, else; adv. formerly, generally, usually [conn, with sondern] ; sonst niemand, nobody else ; sonst nichts, nothing else. Sorge, subst. f., pl.-n, care, anxiety. sorgen, v. n. (haben), to feel care, be anxious; take care of (gov. fflr). [spannen, v. a. w., to span, stretch ; see aufspannen.] -I •' '• "• 'T., i-^ sys.it:) save, save up. I Spasz, subst, m., gen.-es, pi. Spftsze, joke, jest ; fun. speien, v. n. (haben), spie, ge- 8pie(e)n, to spit, i Speise, subst. f., pl._n, food. Spiegel, subst. m., gen.-s, vl , looking-glass, miru/; dmi. Spieglein, n. Spiel, subst. n., gen.-(e)8, pl.-e, play, game, sport; aufs S. setzen, to set at stake (as i-^ gambling). spielen, v. n. (haben) w., tu l)lay, gambol, frolick. Spielmann, subst. m. comp., gen. -(e)8, pl.-leute, minstrel (man who plays on an instrument). Spindel, subst. f., pl.-n, spindle, on which the thread is wound in spinning flax, etc. spinnen, v. a., spann, ge- sponnen, to spin, spitz, adj., pointed, sharp. [Spitze, subst. f., pl.-n, point, sharp point (in the pl.= "lace."] Spott, subst. m., gen.-es, no pi., mockery, scorn ; S. treiben, to make fun of (gov. mit). spotten, V. n. (haben) w., spott- ete, gespottet, to mock, jeer (gov. fiber with ace). Spotten, subst. n. (inf. of prec), gen.-R, no pi., mocking, jeer- ing, mockery, sprechen, v. n. (haben), sprach, gesprochen, sprich, sprichst, to speak [more general expres- sion than redtii or sagen ;] to utter, pronounce (judgment, sen- tence, etc.). sprcngen, v. a w. (caus. of springen), to cause to spring or run; to make (a horse, etc.) gallop (neut.), to gallop; to burst open, springcii, V. n. (sein), sprang, gesprungen, to jump, leap ; to GLOHSAkY. 163 tu I ran; to burst ( — cerspringen, see be'ow). Spruch, subsl. in., gen.-(e)8, pi. Sprllche, speech, saying ; pro- phesy, wish (D., p. 17, 1. I), magic spell fproverbj ; dim. Sprttchlein, n. [Conn, with sprechen.] spOrcn, V. a. w., to notice, feel. Stadt. subst. f., pi. StMdte (with longH), city, town ; dim. StAdt- chen. Stall, subst. m., gen.-(e)8, pi, Staile, stable, stall ; sty. [Conn, with stcllen and ■ tehen.J Stand, subst. m., gen.-es, pi. St&nde (place where one stands), standing ; position ; rank ; condition (of life) [conn, with stehenj. stand, impf. ind. of stehen, "to stand;" subj. st&nde or stttnde. stark, adj., comp. st&rker, strong. st&rken, \. a. w. (caus.), to strengthen. Staub, subst. m., gen.-es, no pi., dust ; hence : staubig [or st&ubig], adj., dusty. stechen, v. a., stach, gestochen, stich, stichst, to s^ick, prick. stecken, v. n. (haber: cr sein), stak or steckte, gesiocL'en or gesteckt stickst or steckKt, to stick fast, stick. [The weak forms of conjug. are in more general use ; and haben is the more usual aux.] stecken, v. a. w., to stick (a pin, etc., into a pers. or thing). stehen, v. n. (haben) irreg., stand (subj. st&nde Oi stilnde), gestanden, to stand ; v. im- i pers., to suit, become, be be- j coming to (dat. of pers.). stehlen, v. a., stahl (subj. st&hle ! or st6hie), gestohien, stiehl, stiehlst, to steal. steigen, v. n. (sein), stieg, ge- stiegen, to rise, ascend ; ans Land a., to go ashore. Stein, subst. m., gen.-(e)8, pl.-e, stone. steinern, adj., no compar., of stone, stone. Steintrog, subst. m. com[)., gen. -(e)s, pl.-e or tr&ge, stone- trough. Stelle, subst. f., pl.-n (place where a thing is put), place ; spot ; position ; from steilen, v. a. w. (caus. of stehen), to set upright, put to stand, place, set. Stdrbelager, subst. n. comp., gen. -8, pi. , death-lied. sterben, v. n. (sein), starb (subj. starbe), gestorben, Btirb, stirbst, to die, expire. [steuern, v. a. w., to steer ; hence :] Steuermann, subst. m. comp., gen.-(e)s, pl.-leute, steers- man, helmsman, man at the wheel. Stich, subst. m., gen. -(e) s, pl.-e, prick, stab (given with the sharp point of a weapon). sticken, v. a. w., to embroider. stief-, prefix, step-, as in : Stiefkind, subst. n. comp., gen. -es, pl.-er, step-child. Stiefmutter, subst. f. comp., pi. -miitter, step-mother. Stiefschwester, subst. f. comp., pl.-n, step-sister. Stieftochter, subst. f. comp., pi. -tfichter, step-daughter. 8till(e), adj., still, silent, quiet. stillen, V. a. w., to quiet, silence, calm ; to appease (one's ap- petite) ; to nurse (a child at the breast). stillschweigend, adj., silent : adv., silently. Stimme, subst. f., pl.-n, voice. 164 GLOSSA/iV. etolpc! ' V. r.. (sein) w., to stumbxe. Stolz, subst. m., gert.-es, no pi, pride; haughtiness, arrogance. [May be a justifiable pride, which Hochmut never is.] stolz, adj., comp. -er [or stftlz- erj, proud, haughty (of per- sons) ; magnificent, gorgeous (of things); adv. proudly. stopfen, V. aw., to stop up; stuff; [darn (stockings, etc.)]. stoszen, v. a., stiess, gestoszen, to knock against (gov. an with arc), push; to bump, jolt; mit dem Fusze s., to kick. strafen, v. a. w., to punish. Strahl, subst. m., gen.-(e)s, pi. --en, beam, ray. Strasze, subst. f., pl.-n, street, road, highway [from iLat. stra- turn, " way laid down "]. strSuben, v. refl., to struggle, resist (gov. gegen). StrSuben, subst. n., gen.-s, no pi. (inf. of prec), struggle, struggling, resistance. Strauch, subst. m., gen.-(e)s, pi. StrSuche, bush. Strauss, subst. m., gen.~es, pi. Strausse or Strfiusser, bunch of flowers, nosegay, bouquet. [Also = "ostrich," with pi -e or en ; and '« fight, com- bat " (poetic word), with pi. StrSusse.] strecken, v. a. and refi. w., to stretch, extend. Strsich, subst. m., gen.-(e)s, pi. -e, stroke, blow ; trick, streicheln, v. a. w., to stroke, caress. streichen, v. a., strich, ge- strichen, to stroke, smooth, brush, streifen, v. a. w., to [strip,] brush by, touch lightly ; graze ; trail ; verge upon (gov. an with ace). Strick, subst. m., gen.-(e)8, p], -e, cord, rope, stricken, v. a. w., to knit. Strumpf, subst. m., gen.-(e)s. pi. Strftmpfe, stocking. Strumpfband, subst. n. comp., gen.-es, pl.-bSnder, garter. Stube, subst. f., p].-n, room, apartment; dim. Stftbchen, n. [hence "stoup," from the Dutch]. Stttck, subst. n., gen. -(e) s, pi. -e, piece, bit, fragment; dim. -chen, n. Stuhl, subst. m., gen.-(e)s, j ], S-tflhle, chair [Eng. "stool' ]; dim. StUhlchen, n. Stunde, subst. f., pl.-n, hour (division or point of time) ; an hour's walk, league (measure of distance). [Uhr = " deck, timepiece." Conn, with stehen', "the point at which time stands.'' Occurs in Eng. .-.s "stound" in (Jay, etc.] sttirzen, v. a. and refl. w., to fall, tumble, fall headlong, pre- cipitate, rush, plunge, sink, overturn. suchen, v. a. w., to seek, search for (also gov. nach). Suppe, subst. f., pl.-n, soup, broth. siisz, adj., sweet. T, the twentieth letter of the alphabet, is pron. as in Eng. The combination th, as pron. in Eng., is unknown in Germ. Until lately, h was frequently inserted after t to indicate that the preceding vow. was long, as iu Muth; but this h is now dropped (as Mut). ' It was also found at the beginning of words, . GLOSSARV. 165 Without any reason, and is still in general use in many words (as thun, Thttre, etc.), but is omitted in this ed. ; words beg. with tha— , thu — , etc., should therefore be sought under ta, tu, etc. (as tat, tun, etc., for that, thun, etc.). Tag, subst. m., gen.-(e)s, pl.-e, day. Tagesanbruch, subst. m. comp., gen.-(e)s, no pi., break of day, day-break, dawn. Tanz, subst. m., gen.-f3, pi. Tftaze, dance, tanzen, v. n. (haben) w., to dance. Tanzer, subst. m., gen.-s, pi. [dancer], partner. T&nzerin, subst. f., pl.-innen [dancer], partner. Tasche, subst. f., pl.-n, pocket, pouch. tat, impf. ind. of tun, to do, Taube, subst. f., pi. , dove, pigeon ; dim. Taubchen, n. Taubenhaus, subst. n. comp,, gen.-es, pl.-hauser, pigeon- house, dovecot. Taufe, subst. f., pl.-n, baptism, christening, taufen, v. a. w., to baptise, christen. taugen, V. n. (haben) w., to be of use, be useful, taumeln, v. n. (haben or sein) w., to stumble, stagger, totter [with haben when the action only is indicated ; with sein when direction is specified or ^n- plied]. Tausch, subst. m., gen.-es, pi. -e (sometimes TSusche), ex- change. tauschen, v. n. (haben) and a., tc» exchange. [tSuschen = ' ' de- ceive."] tausend, card, num., pl.-e, a thousand (not generally used with def. art.), tansendmal, num. adv., a thou- sand times. Teil, subst. m. and n., gen. -(e)s, pl.-e, part, share, por- tion [m. in the sense of "al- lotted share or portion "] ; zu T. werden, to fall to the share of (dat. of pers.) ; T. nehmen, to share in [take an interest in] (gov. an with dat.) Teller, subst. m., gen.-s, pi, , plate, platter ; dim.-chen, -lein, n. Tha-, etc., for subst. beginning thus, see under ta, etc. Thron, subst. m. , gen.-(e)s, pi. -e, throne. [The h is retained here on account of its Greek, origin,] tief, adj., deep, Tiefe, subst, f,, pl,-n, depth. Tier, subst, n., gen, -(e)s, pi, -e, animal, beast ; dim,-chen, -lein, n. Tisch, subst. m., gen.-es, pl.-e, table ; dim. -lein, n. [art. of furniture ; Tafel, a table with food on ; also tablet (for writ- ing)]- Tochter, subst. f., pi. Tfichter, daughter ; dim. TSchterlein, n. Tod, subst. m., gen.-es, no pi., death. todt, see tot. Tonne, subst. puncheon. Topf, subst. f., pl.-n, barrel. m., gen.-es, pi, TSpfe, pot ; dim, TSpfchen, n. Tor, subst. m., gen. -en, pi. -en, fool. [Tor, n., gen. -es, pl.-e = "gate."] tot, adj., no comjMir., dead, de- ceased [formerly spelt todt]. t5ten, v. aw., tStete, getbtet, to kill, slay [formerly spelt tttdtenj. i66 Gt.OSSAkY. Totenbeii, subst. n. comp., gen. -es, pi, -en, death-bed. t6tschiessen, v. a. sep., schoss, geschossen, to shoot dead, kill with a shot. Trab, subst. m., gen.-es, pl.-e (rare), trot. traben, v. n. (haben or sein), to trot. [With haben when action only is indicated, with sein, when direction is also expressed or implied.] tragen, v. a., trug, getragen, trSgst, to bear; carry; en- dure. TrSne, subst. f,, pl.-n, tear. trauen, to perfoi in the ceremony of marriage, unite in marriage (said of the minister, etc., per- forming the ceremony) [trauen, ' n., = "trust"J. Trauer, subst. f., no. pi., mourn- ing [sorrow ; grief, sadness]. trSufeIn, v. n. (haben or sein), to drop (of water, etc.), to drip, come down in drops. i traurig, adj., sad, sorrowful (from Trauer). I treffen, v. a., traf, getroffen, triff, triflfist, to hit, strike (a mark) ; I to meet (a person, gov. ace. ). j treiben, v. a., trieb, getrieben, i to drive ; Spott t., to make fun of (gov. mit). trennen, v. a. w., to separate, divide. Treppe, subst. f., gen.-n, stair, staircase, stai's. treten, v. a. and n. (haben), trat, getreten, tritt, trittst, tritt, to tread, step ; walk ; [v. a. to kick (= mit dem Fusze t.)]. treu, adj., faithful, true [wahr is used of moral or logical truth, as opposed 4o untruth or false- hood]. Treue, subst. f., no pi., faithful- ness, fidelity. tnnken, v. a., trank, getrunken, to drink (of men) [saufen is used of beasts ; compare essen, fressenj. Trinken, subst. n., gen.-s, no pi. (inf. of prec), drinking (the act or habit). trocknen, v. n. (sein) and a. w., trocknete, getrocknet, to dry, wipe dry. Trog, subst. m., gen.-(e)s, pi. -e or Trfige, trough. Tropfen, suljst. m., gen.-s, pi. , drop. trfisten, v. a. w., trdstete, ge- tr5stet, to comfort, console ; v. refl., to console one's self. trttb(e), adj., dim (of sight, etc.) ; discoloured, muddy (of water) ; sad, gloomy. Trunk, subst. m., gen.-es, pi. Trilnke, act of drinking ; drink, draught (what is drunk) [also of the habit of drinking ; the form Trank is also used, but only in the sense of "draught," "thing drunk"]. trunken, adj., drunken, drunk, intoxicated. Tuch, subst. 11., gen.-(e)s, pi. Tttcher, cloth ; dim. Ttichlein, n. tachtig, adj., thorough, useful [from taugen.Eng. "doughty"]. Tugend, subst. f., pl.-en, virtue [from the same as prec.]. tun, V. a., tat, getan, to do; to put'(=antun, B., p. 34, 1. 9). [The impf. is the only verbal form which retains the clear trace of the old fomiation of that tense by reduplication] Einem etwas zu Leide, zu Gut(e) t., to do a pers. an in- jury, a benefit ; sich etwas zu gut(e) tun, to give one's self a treat, have a treat ; einen Eid tun, to take an oath. % XX tt GLOSSARY. i6y Tflr(e), subst. f., pi. -en, door; dim.-lein, n. Turm (or Turn), subst. m., gen.-(e)s, pi. Tttrme, tower, turret. Turteltaube, subst. f. comp., pi. -n, turtle-dove [the former com- ponent is imitative of the cooing of the dovej; dim.-taubchen, n. U U, the twenty-first letter of the alphabet, is pron. like Eng. oo, when long as in food, when short as in goat/. With Umlaut (fl Ue) it pron. like the Fr. vow. «, with lips rounded, and protrud- ing even more than in forming 5. flbel, adj., compar. ttbler, superl. flbelst, evil, bad. fiber, prep., gov. dat. and ace, over, a}>ove ; at, about, concern- ing (in tU latter sense always with ac(|>, at the end of, after (of time With ace. only), as: fiber ein Jahr, "at the end of a year;" heute fiber acht Tage, "a week f(.^mi to-day;" (of time) throughowt (aiter its case, as: den Tjf «>er, throughout the day). [In csep., verier, verloren, to lose, verloren, /idj. (part, of prec), lost (Eng. "forlorn"). [vertnShlen, v. a. and refl. insep. w., to unite in marriage, marry j hence :] Verm&hlung, subst. f., pi. -en, marriage, wedding, verraten, v. a. insep., verrict, verraten, to betray. verroatet, adj. (part, of -en), rusted, rusty, versammeln, v. a. and refl. insep. w., to gather together, assemble, collect [conn, with sammt and zusammenj. viiirscheiden, v. n. (sei^^ insep., verschied, verschic^en, to ex- pire [lit. "depart," from scheiden, "to part;" ver- schieden, adj., = "different," and in pi. "several"]. verschliessen, v. a. insep., ver- schloss, verschlossen, to lock up, lock. verschllngen, v. a. insep., ver- schlang, verschlungen, to swallow, devour. verschliicken, v. a. insep. w., to swallow, devour. verschmShen, v. a. insep. w., to despise, scorn ; reject with scorn. verschweigen, v. a. insep., ver- schwieg, verschwiegen, to keep silent about, keep secret, conceal (dat. of pers.) [ver- schwiegen, adj., = "silent, taciturn "J. verschwinden, v. n. (sein) insep., verschwand, ver- schwunden, to disappear, vanish. versshen, v. a. insep,, versah, versehen, versieh, versichst, to make a mistake about a thing, overlook (D., p. i8, 1. 21) i to attend to, manage (S.,' p. SI, 1. 9, and note) ; v. refl.[ to make a mistake, to blunder ; to expect (gen. of object). versenken, v. a. insep. w., to lower down, lower, let down. versinken,, v. n. (sein) insep., versanlr. versunken, to sink down, sink. verspotten, v. a. insep. w., ver- spottetc, verspottet, to mock at, jeer at, mock, deride. verspracheai. v. a. insep., ver- sprach, versprochen, ver- sprich, versprichst, to prom- ise. Verstand, subst. m., gen.-es, •o pi., understanding, intellect (from . 'srstehen) ; hence : verst&ndig, adj., reasonable; in- telligent. verstecken, v. a. insep. w., to hide, conceal (from a pers. who is searching the obj.). verstehen, v. a. insep., verstand (subj. -sttinde or stfinde), verstanden, to understand, comprehend. verstellen, v. refl. insep. w., to disguise one's self, dissemble. verstorben, adj. (part, of ver- sterben), deceased. versuchen, v. a. and n. (haben) insep. w., to try; attempt. vertauschen, v. a. insep. w., to exchange, give in exchange (gov. fllr or gegen). verilben, v. a. insep. w., to prac- tise, perpetrate. verurteilen, v. a. insep. w., to condemn, sentence (to death, punishment, etc.). verwandeln, v. a. i.nd refl. insep. w., to change, alter. verwandt, adj., no cotnpar., re* lated, connected; subst. dei^ GLOS^sARY. 171 die, -e, pl.-n, ein, -er, rela- tion, connection. [Grimm lias incorrectly pi. seine VerwandtE und BekanntE.] verwesen, v. n. (sein) insep. w., to undergo corruption, decay, verwunden, v. a. insep. w., ver- wundete, verwundet, to wound. verwundern, v. refl. insep. w., to wonder, to be astonished or surprised. Verwiinderung, subst. f., no pi., astonishment, surprise. [Be- wunderung= "admiration."] verwiinschen, v. a. i.^sep, w., to curse ; lay under a magic spell, bewitch [in the latter sense, the partic. form verwunschen also occurs, especially as adj.]. verzehren, v. a. insep. w., to consume, devour.- viel, -e, -, or, when used without a subst., -er, -e, -es, pl.-e, adj. of quant,, much, many; adv. (or indecl. subst. n.) of quant, much. [Decl. in sing, and pi. when referring to num- ber ; not decl. when referring to quant. ] vielleicht, adv., perhaps, per- chance [lit. "very easily"]. vier[e], card, num., four; ord. vierte, fourth. Viertel, subst. n., gen.-s, pi. , quarter. Vierteljahr, subst. n. comp., gen.-(e)s, pl.-e, quarter of a year, quarter. Viertelstunde, subst. f. comp,, pl.-n, quarter of an hour. Vogel, subst. ni., gen.-s, pi. V6gel, bird (Eng. "fowl"); dim. Vfig(e)lein, n. voll, adj., full [gov. gen; and ace, and sometimes occurs, even as pred., in the extended form voller]. vom, contr. for von dem. von, ])rep., gov. dat. only; of (after verbs, and sometimes after subst., replacing the gen. of a subst. not used in that case) ; from (place) ; by (with personal ajrent after pass, verbs, as: ich werde von meinen Eltern geliebt, " I am loved by my parents "). vor, prep., gov. dat. and ace, be- 101 c (of time, with dat. only, and place with dat. or ace.) ; in front of (place); for, on ac- count of (cause, dat. only). vorbei, adv., past (of place): past, gone (of time). vorbeigehen, v. n. (sein) sep., gieng, gegangen, go past, to pass by, vorbeikommen, v. n. (sein) sep., kam, gekommen, kSmmst or kommst, to come past, pass by. ^ vorbeispnngen, v. n. (sein) se})., sprang, gesprungen, to run jjast. vorbextraben, v. n. (sein) sep. w. , to trot past. vorfallen, v. n. (sein) sep. im- pers,, to occur, take place. vorgehen, v. n. (sein) sep., gieng, gegangen, [to go be- fore (dat. of peis.)] ; impers., to go on, take place, pass. Vorhang, subst. m., gen.-(e)s, pl-hSnge, curtain; die V. vorziehen, to draw or close the curtains. vorher, adv., before. vorMn, adv., before. vorig, adj., no compar., preced- ing, before. vorkommen, v. n. (sein) sep. impers., 4:am, gekommen, no imper., kSmmst or kommst, to happen, occur ; seem, appear. vorn(e) or -en, adv. of place, in 172 GLOSSA/iy. , front, at the front or head (of a procession, etc.). Vorrai, subst. ni. comp., gen. -(e)s, pi. - rilte, provision, stock. Vorschein, subst. m., appearance, hardly ever used except with kommen and bringen in the phrases zum V. kommen, to make one's appearance, appear, come forth ; and zum V. bringen, to bring to light, sliow. Voitell, subst. m., gen.-(e)3, pi. '.", advantagt, i^rofit ["first ^share." from vor and Teil]. v6rteilhaf£, adj., advantageous, profitable. voriber, adv., past, gone. voriiibergehen, v. n. (sein) sep., gieng, gegangen, to pass by (gov. an with dat. ) ; pass away. Vorwurf, subst. m., gen.-(e)s, pl.-wiirfe, reproach [from v6r- werfen, "a thing throvn up to ^you"]. vorziehen, v. a. sep., zog, ge- zogen, to draw before, to draw, close (curtains, etc.). f: to pre- fer.] W V W, the twenty-third letter of the alphabet, is pron. like Eng. v, except after sch and z, when it is pron. like Eng. ro. Wa(a)re, see Ware, wachen, v. n. (haben) w., to wake, be av/ake. wachsen, v. n. (sein), wuchs, gewachsen, wSchsest, to grow, increase. WSchter, subst. m., gen.-s, pi. , watcher, watchman, guard. wahr, adj., true, truthful. wShren. v. n. (haben) w., to last, endure. wShrend, prep., gov. gen. only, during, throughout [also found with dat.] ; subord. conj., while, whilst [pres. part, of prec. ]. Wahrheit, subst. f., pi. -en, truth. W^hrzeichen, subst. n., gen. -s, pi. [sign, omen ;], sig- nal, proof (S., p. 49, 1, 7). wSgen, V. a,, wog, gewogen, to ascertain the weight of, weigh [intrans. form of wiegen, see below]. Wald, subst. m., gen.-es, pi. W&lder, wood, forest. Waldhaus, subst. n. comp., gen. -es, pl.-hfiuser, house in the forest or woods; dim.-h&us- chen, cot or hut in the woods. w&lzen, V. a. w., to roll. Wend, subst. f., pi. Wande, wall (of a room, partition-wall); [Mauer = "surrounding wall (of house, garden, town," etc.). Wall =" fortified walls of a town," "ramparts."] wann, interrog. adv. of time, when [see wenn, als]. Wanne, subst. f., pl.-n, flat-pan, tin, bath-tin, war, impf. ind. of sein. Ware, subst. f., pl.-n, ware, wares, goods (for sale). warten, v. n. (haben) w., wartete, gewartpt, to wait, tarry. warum (for worum), interrog. adv., why, what for. was, comp. rel. pron. n. (of wer), gen. wessen, dat. wanting, ace. was, what, that which [not used when the antecedent is ex- pressed, except when that ante- cedent is a n. adj. or pron., when it always replaces welch- es. Was is not used (either as rel. or mterrog.) in dat. or % # GLOSSARY. 173 ace gov. by a prep., being re- placed by wo- (before vow. wor-) before the prep., as wo- fttr, for what, what for, for which ; worin, in what or which, wherein. The dat. is wanting, and is replaced by wo with prep., as just said, being seldom required as indir. obj. (welcher replaces it in this case if necessary).] was, interrog. pron. n. (see prec), what? was, interrog. adv., how? (=wie ?) [why? (= warum .').] was, indef. num., for etwas, something, anything. waschen, v. a., wusch, ge- waschen, wftschest, to wash. was fttr ein, -e, -, pi. was fttr, interrog. adj. pref., what kind or sort of [ein is omitted in sing., also before nouns of quantity, materinl, etc.]. Wasser, subst. n., gen.-s, pi. (rare), water. weben, v. a., w. and str., wob or webte, gewoben or , gewebt, to weave. wecken, v. a. w., to awaken, wake up, arouse. wedeln, v. n. (haben) w., to wag (the tail , gov. mit). Weg, subst. m., gen.-(e)s, pl.-e, way, road. weg, adv., away. wegen, prep., gov. gen., on ac- count of [often follows its case, esp. with pers. pron., which then have the term, -t, and form one word with it, as meinet- wegen, etc. ; sometimes also with dat.]. wegnehmen, v. a. sep., nahm, genommen, nimm, nimmst, to take away. w^gschieben, v. a. sep., schob, geschoben, to push away. wegspringen, v. n. (sein) sep., sprang, gesprungen» to jump or run away. Weib, subst. n., gen.-(e)8, pi. -er, woman, wife (less respect- ful than Frau). weich, adj., soft ; gentle ; lender. Weide, subst. f., willow [ ; also = " pasture "]. weigern, v. a. w., to refuse ; v. refl., to refuse, object. weil, subord. conj., because [sometimes, but rarely, = "while"]. Weile, subst. f., pl.-n (rare), while (space of) time ; dim. -chen, n. [lange Weile or Langweile, = "tedium, en- nui."] Wein, subst. m., gen.-(e)8, pi. -e, wine. weinen, v. n. (haben) w., to weep, shed tears. Weinfass, subst. n. comp,, gen. -es, pl.-fSsser, wine- vat, butt or barrel of wine. weise, adj., wise. Weise, subst. f., pl.-n, manner, mode, way; [also= "tune, mel- ody." Used with gen. sing. f. of adj. to form adv. of manner, as gldcklicherweise (or gl. Weise) fortunately ("in for- tunate wise").] weisen,v. a., wies, gewiesen, to show, point. weiss, pres. ind. first wissen, "to know." weiss, adj., no comp., white. [Einem etwas w. machen, "to practise an imposition on a pers."] weissgedeckt, compound adj. (part, of decken), covered with white, with a white covering. weit, adj., wide; far, distant; adv., widely; far off; comp. welter, further, furthermore. sing. of % s i74 GLOSSARY. wcitergihen, v. n. (sein) sep., &'«^n&, gegangcn, to go fur- ther, go on, proceed. weitertreiben, v. a. sep., trieb getneben, to drive further! drive on. weiterziehen, v. n. (sein) sep., 2og, gezogen, to go further, go on one's way. welcher -e, -es, pl.-e, rel. pron., who (of pers.), which, that (of things). [Interchangeable with der as rel. pron., exc. after pers. pron. See wer.] welcher, -e, -es, pl.-e, intcrrog. pron. and adj., which (of two). welcher -e, -es, pl.-e, or welch (undecl.), demonstr. pron. num., what ! [used with or without indef. art. aft,er it; in the former case not decl.l. welcher, -e, -es, pl.-e, or un- decJ., mdef. num., some; pi. several, a few. Welt, suljst. f., pi. -en, world [orig. Werlt, Eng. "world"] wenden, v. a. and refl. w. and nreg., wendete or wandte, T.PTi^'*®* ^'^ ffewandt, to turn. Wendeltreppe, subst. f. comp., pl.-n, winding stair-case [first component from wendenl. wenig (or -er, -e, -es, pl.-e), adj., little (of quantity), pi. few [decl. when referring to number, not decl. when relating to quantity ; compare viell. wenn, subord. conj., if (of condi- tion; ob= "^vhether"); when (of time) used with pres., perf., fut., and fut. perf., also with impf. for habitual or repeated action; als with impf. and plupf. ; wann is interrog. wer, pers. interrog. pron., gen. wessen, dat, wem, ace. wen, n. was, no pi., who? (Stands for both genders, and refers to pers. only.) wer pers. comp. rel. pron., (he) who (she) who, (they) who (-derjemge welcher; never has an antecedent, as it includes both rel. and antec. See was)- wer nui, wer immet, wer auch = 'whoever, whoso- ever." werden, v. n. (sein), ward or wurde (pi. wurden, etc., not warden), geworden, werde wirst, wird, to become, get' grow; aux. v. of tense (forms fut. and fut. perf., gov. inf.) shall, will; aux. v. of voice (torms passive, gov. past part.), to be ; to turn into (with zu), as 2U Stein w.; v. impers., zu Teil w., to fall to the lot of (dat. of pers.) ; zu Mute w., see Mut. [See wollen for ex- amples of difference between werden, sollen, and wollen 1 werfen, v. a., warf (subj. wtirfe) geworfen, wirf, wirfst, to throw, cast. wert, adj., worth (gov. ace); [worthy, valuable.] wetzen, v. a. w., to whet, sharpen. Wetzstem, subst. m! comp. whetstone. ^ ' wickeln, V. a. w., to wrap, roll (up) ; see auseinanderw. wider, prep., gov. ace. only, against, ,in opposition [gegen also= -toward;" as prefix = Eng. "with-' in I ( with- ,, , ?, "' wiin- stand, etc., and is always in- sep.].^ widerstehen, v. n. (haben) widerstand (subj. - sttinde) widerstanden, to withstand resist, oppose (dat. of pers.). wie, interrog. adv., how? subord. conj. of comparison, as (compar. of equality), than (compar. of in- I GLOSS my. 175 equality) [se ■ a when (of time,= al8); mas. wieder, adv., u [.list, from wider, prep., igainst"]. wiederbringen, a. sep. irreg., brachte, ^ebracht, to bring back, ret I 1. wiedergebeu, a. sep., gab, gegeben, gib, gibst to r-e back, returh. wiedersehen, v. a. ; p., b^ii, gesehen, sieh, siehst, to see again [; auf W., "to meet again" (Fr, ut rcvoir).] Wiege, subst. t., pl.-n, cradle, wiegen, v. a. w., to rock, cradle. [wiegen, v. n., wog, gewogen, wieg, wiegst, to have weight, weight (ace. of weight). [wSg- en is the trans, form ; see above.] Wiese, subst. f., pl.-n, meadow. wild, adj., wild ; savage. Wild, subst. n., gen.-es, no pi., game (wild animals). Wildnis, subst. f., pl.-isse, wiliierness. will, pres. ind. of wollen, "will." Wille(n), subst. m., gen. -ns or -n (rare), pi. , will, desire, volition ; um governing W. has gen. between prep, and W. with peculiar forms of pers. pron., as: um ihretv^illen, for her sake, etc. ; compare wegen, and see um [the prep, may also be ^mittedj. [willigen, v. n. (haben) w., to consent ; gov. in with ace. ; gen. in comp. with ein (see ein- willigen).] Wind, subst. m., gen.-es, pl.-e, wind. Winter, subst. m., gen.-s, pi. — —, winter, winzig, adj., small, tiny. wir, pers. pron. first pi., gen. unser, dat. ace. uns, we, us. Wirbel, subst. m., geii.-8, pi. fwhirl, rapid rotation ; (of the \s r) eddy ;j, crown of the to work, take pl.-e, hearl, en Wirt, ubst. m., gen.-es host, landloid. Wirtshaus, subst. n. comp., gen, -es, pl.-hiluscr, tavern, inn. wissen, v. a. irreg., wusste, ge- wusst, imper. wisse, pres. ind. weiss, weisst, weiss, pi. wissen, etc., to know, know of, have knowledge (of things, not of ns. Comn. kennen). wo, ai >f place, interrog. and rel., vv/iere j (sometimes of time) when ; [used before prep, instead of was (in rrog. and rel. ), and welcher (referring to inanimate obj. ; see was).] Woche, subst. f., pl.-n, week. wohl, adv., well ; as particle in very common use ; in questions expresses doubt, as : wird er w. kommen ? ''do you think he will come?" in statements, ex- pects assent, as : er wird w. kommen, ''no doubt he will come J " ja wohl, yes indeed; Sie haben es w. vergessen, * * / suppose you have forgotten it." wohl, adj., well (of health). wohlan ! interj. (of encourage- ment), very well ! well, then ! courage ! wohlgehen, v. n. (sein) sep. im- pers., gieng, gegangen, to go well with, fare well with (dat. of pers. ). wohltun, V. n. (haben) sep. irreg., tat, getan, to do well to, bene- fit (dat. of pers.). wohnen, v. n. (haben) w., to dwell, live, reside (leben = "to be alive "). ■^ IMAGE EVALUATION TEST TARGET (MT-3) 1.0 I.I ■ 50 "^B 11:25 i 1.4 2.5 2.2 1.6 y] ^% 7 ^?# >'-^' ^^^ 'Vc^^^ Uv"^' Sciences Corporation 23 WEST MAIN STREET WEBSTER, N.Y. 14580 (716) 872-4503 S 4- •^ V iV 4 ^ i^ % 'o' ^>^' ^"^ ^^^ 'c- ^o C/u ^ V 176 GLOSSAHy. Wolf, subst. m., gen.-(e)8, pi. Wdlfe. wolf. ^ woUen, V. a., aux. of mood, impf. wollte (ind. and subj.), part. gewollt, pres. ind. will, willst, will, pi. wollen, etc. (subj. wolle), to be willing, will ; to be on the point of doing, etc., about to do, a thing. [Indi- cates exertion of the will of the subj.; when Eng. "will" is mere aux. of fut. terse, it must be trans, by werden, as : ich WERDE ertrinken, und nie- mand wird mich retten r="I shall be drowned, and nobody will save me" (mere statement of future fact) ; bii' : ich will ertrinken, und niemand soll tnich retten = "I will be drowned, and nobody Ir,*^^// save me" (determination to commit suicide by drowning).] wor£n, adv.^ whereto, etc., to what or which, etc. (wc replacing rel. or interrog. pron. ; so in foil. ) worin, adv., -yherein, to or into what or which. Wort, subst. n., gen.-e8, pl.-e (connected words, as in a sent.), Wfirter (detached words, as in a dictionary), word. wozu, whereto, wherefore, to or for what or which (see woran). wund, adj., wounded, lacerated, sore. Wunde, subst. f., pl.-n, wound. Wunder, subst. n., gen.-s, pi. , wonder (wonderful thing), miracle ["astonishment "=Ver- ■wunderungl. w^derb&r, adj., wondrous, won- derful, strange, miraculous [dist. from -lich]. Wundergabe, subst. f. comp., pl.-n, wondrous, miraculous or magic gift, wunderlich, adj., queer, odd. strange [dist. from -bar, above]. wundern, v. refl„ w., to wonder, be astonished or surprised, wunderschfin, adj., wondrously or exceedingly beautiful. wundstechen, v. a. sep., stach, gestochen, sticb, stichst, to wound by pricking,^ to lacerate, make sore. Wunsch, subst. m., gen.-es, pi. Wflnsche, wish, desire. wftnschen, v. a. w., to wish, de- sire. Wurst, subst. f., pi Wilrsts, sausage. wurde or ward, impf. ind. of werden. Wurzel, subst. f., pl.-n, root, wusste, impf. ind. of wissen, "to know." X, the twenty-fourth letter of the alphabet, is pron. as in Eng. (= ks) ; is never found at the beginning of Germ, words, and only occurs in a very few words, as Hexe, Axt, etc. Y, the twenty-nii<3nriv flv fViiG \xr*»plr Er ist ^JQse WpQhe oft hier gewesen, f' 190 GRAMMA TJCA L A PPENDIX, (/) Other adverbs (as, for instance, the neg. nicht) precede the member of the sent, which they modify. II.-DECLENSION OF ADJECTIVES. § I. Adjectives used as predicates are not declined ^ § 2. Adjectives used as attributes are declined in one 01 the three following ways : {a) When preceded by the definite article, or any de- termmative word declined like it, they take the termi- nation -em the nom. sing, of all genders, and in the ace. smg. fem. and neut. ; otherwise, -en through- iP) When preceded by the indefinite artic-<^, or any de- termmative word declined like it, they take the termi- nations of dieser in the nom. and ace. sing, of all genders ; otherwise, -en throughout. {c) When preceded by no determinative word, thev take the termination of dieser throughout. REMARKS.-I. The strong termination -es is fre iquently omitted in the nom. and ace. neut 2. The strong termination -es of the gen. sing masc. and neut. IS often replaced by -en before nouns hav- ing — es m the gen. 3- Adjectives used as substantives still continue sub- ject to these rules, as : der Kranktf, -the patient ; " but em Kranker,'' a patient," etc. 4. Adjectives in the compar. and superl. degrees are subject to the same rules, their declensional inflexion following the inflexion of comparison, as : A better man, Ein besserer Mana [Stock's " Wortfo!ge'»(Geo. Bell & Sons. London, is. 6.1 ^ ^. i,;„m.. reccmmended as an Exercise-Book in gonstruction.J ■sLm „2Ber tooflt c§, 9littcr§mann obcr ^mpp, 3u taud^cn in bicfcn ©d^Iunb ? Sincn Qolbncn 33e^cr tocrf i(^ l^inob, SScijd^Iungcn fcf)on l)at i^n bcr fd^iuargc 5Kunb. 5 SBcr mir ben S3c^cr fann tt)icbcr acigcn, 6r mag il^n Bc^alten, cr ift fcin eiflcn." '^^cr ^onig fprid^t cS unb ttjirft Don bcr ^W S)er ^Upj)c, bic ft^roff unb ftcil $inau§^ongt in bic uncnbli(i^c See, 10 S)cn 33ed)cr in bcr ©l^artjbbc ©e^cul. „2Bcr ift bcr S3cl^crjtc, ic^ frogc wicbcr, 3u taucfecn in bicfc 3;icfc nicbcr ? " Unb bic flitter, bic ^napjjcn urn il^n l^cr, SScrncl^mcn'S unb fd^wcigcn ftiH, 15 ©cl^cn ^inab in ba3 tt)ilbc 9Jlccr, Unb Reiner ben SBcd^er gcttjinncn ttiifl. Unb bcr ^5nig gum brittcnmal ttjiebcr fragct : „Sft Reiner, bcr fid^ l^inuntcrmagct ? " ^od^ otteS nod^ ftumm bicibt tt)ic guDor; 20 Unb cin ©belfncd^t, fanft unb fcdt, 2;ritt Qu3 ber IJnappcn jagcnbcm 6-t)or, Unb ben ©iirtel tt)irft cr, ben ^Jlantcl ttjcg, Unb oflc bic 9Kdnner umftcr unb f^rauen ^uf ben l^crrlic^cn 3wn9^in9 uerttjunbert fdljauen. 30 35 1 92 DER TAUCHEK, 25 Unb xm er tritt nn be3 fjclfen ;£)Qng Unb blidt in ben ©d)Innb l^inab, 2)ic aSaffcr, bie fie ^inunterf(i)Iang, 3)ic 6^nri)bbe iefet briiaenb Joiebcrgob, )lnb iDie mit be§ fcrnen 2)onncr§ ®etoic entftiirjcn fie fd)dumcnb bcm finftern ©c^ofee. Unb e§ tuallet unb fiebet unb braufet unb gifd^t, aBie loenn SBaffer mit f^euer fic^ mengt, 33i§ aunt C)immel fprifeet bcr bampfcnbc ^\\^i, Unb glut Quf 9-Iut fi(^ o|)n' (Snbe brangt, Unb Join fi(!b nimmec erfd^opfcn unb leeren, 31IS mofltc baS aWeer noc^ ein mm flebdrcn. ®D(i& cnbli4 ba Icgt fid) bie milbc ©etoalt, Unb fc^mara au§ bcm meifeen ©(i^aum ^Ittfft I)inunter ei" gd^ncnbcr ©palt, ®runbIo§, alg flieno'g in ben C^oHenraum, Unb rei&enb fie^t man bie bronbcnben 2Bogcn C>inab in ben ftrubelnben ^tdd^ter gejogen. S^efet f(i^nea,.e() bie 95ranbung loieberfel^rt, 2)er SiingUng fid) ®ott befic^, 45 Unb — nn @d)rei bc§ @ntfefeen§ mirb rings ge^rt Unb )u;o:i l^at i^n ber SBirbel ^iniueggefpult, Unb ge^cimnifeDoa iiber ben fu^nen ©d^mimmer ©d^Iiefet fid) ber JRod^en j er aeigtiid) nimmer. Unb ftiKc wirb'S iiber bem SBafferfd^Iunb, 50 3Jn ber tiefc nur braufet eS ^0^1, Unb bebenb I)ort man oon 9}Zunb au 5munb : „C>od^^er3iger Siingling, fabre toobl ! " Unb bobler unb bobler biJrt man'g beulen, Unb %% X)m\ mx) mit bangem; mit fd^rectlic^em W\\%% 40 DER TAUCHER. 193 55 Unb wdrtft bu bic iJronc fclb'cr l)inciu Unb S^m^M', 2Bcr mic bringet bie 5Jron', ' er joU He traocn unb ^5niQ fcin ! W\^ fleliiftctc ntdit nac^ bcm tt)curcu ^otin. aBo3 bie lieuknbc Xiefe ba unteii t)crl)ct)lc ; 60 2)a3 ev3al)U Icine lebenbe flludlt^c 8cck 2BDt)l manct)e§ Satirjcufl, Dom ©trubel Qcfafet, ©ct)o6 Qdt) in bie Xiefc ^inob ; ^od^ aerf(i)mcttcrt nur rangen fi(f| i?icl unb ^JJlaft ie)ert)or au§ bem aUeS oerf^lingenben ®rab. — 65 Unb tiefler unb fteflcr, wic ©turmcS 6aufen, ^5rt man's nat)er unb immer nat)er braujen. Unb c§ iodlet unb ficbet unb braufet unb i\W, $Bic wcnn SBafter mit Seucr \\^ mengt, 33i3 jum ^immel fprifect ber bompfcnbe ®ij(i)t, 70 Unb aSeir Quf SBctt' fid) ot)n* gnbe brdngt, Unb tt}ie mit beg fcrnen ®onner§ (Sctofe ©ntfturat e§ bruUcnb bcm finftcrn ©(ijofec. Unb fiel) t au§ bcm finftcrn flutenbcn Sdiofe %t)anc." ,,Unb ba l^icng \^, unb war mir'S mtt ®raufcn Bcn)u6t, 53on bcr mcnfd^lici^en ^\\\i fo tt)eit, Untcr SarDcn bic eingiflc fiil^Icnbc 93ruft, %Hcin in bcr grafelid^cn ©infamfeit, 125 jticf untcr bcm ©d)aU bcr mcnfd^Iid^cn gicbc SBci ben UnQc^cucrn bcr trauriflcn Ocbc." „Unb fd)aubcrnb bacf)t' id^'g, ba frod)'§ t)cran, Stcfltc l^unbcrt ©clcnfc 3UflIei(i&, 2Bin f(i^nap))cn nad^ mir ; in bc§ 8d^rc(fcn§ Sal^n 130 Saff i(^ log bcr ^orottc umnammcrtcn ^ttJcig ; (SJIei(3^ fi&t mic^ bcr ©trubcl mit rafcnbcm Slobcn, S)Dd^ c§ n;ar mir gum ^cil, er rife m^ nad^ obcn." ^cr ^finic barob fid) ucrnjunbcrt fd^icr Unbfpricftt: „55cr S3cd^cr ift bcin, 135 Unb bicfcn Sting nod^ bcftimm* id^ bir, ©cfd^miidft mit bcm f5ftlid)ftcn ©bclgcftcin, aScrfud^ft bu'§ nod& cinmal unb bringft mir ^unbc, SBaS bu faMt ouf bcS aJlccrcS ticfuntcrftcm ©tunbc." ®a§ l^brte bic 3:Dd^tcr mit wcid^cm ©cfii'^I, 140 Unb mit fd^mcid^clnbcm 9}lunbc fie flc^t : „8a6t, S3atcr, genug fcin ba3 groufamc ©))icl ! @r l^at euc^ bcftanbcn, tt)o3 fcincr bcftc^t, viuw tv:;;s» n/i. v», v'^'-S'^"^ v>c;u{ivU juu;i %\xv]\\Vi\\t <©o mbgcn bic Slitter ben ^noj)t)cn Bcfd}amen/' 19^ DER TAUCHBk. 145 %x<\\\\ bcr ilditfl fireift nod) bcm 93e(^er fiS^ncH, ;3ii ben ©trubcl i()n fd^lcubert l^incin : „Unb fc^affft bu ben SBcd^cc niir loicber jur (Stcfl', ©0 foUft bu bcr trcffUc^ftc ^Hitter mir fcin, Unb foKft fie oB e^gemof)! I)eut' nod^ umormcn, 150 '^ic jefet fiir bid) bittet mit gartcm erbormen." i f ®Q evflreiffS il)in bic 6ecle mit ^immcl§flcn)alt, Unb e§ blifet au3 ben ^Jluflcu i()m !iil)n. Hub er fic!^ct errbten bic fcf)one ©cftiilt, Uub fie^t fie crblcici^en unb finfcn l^in ; 155 3)a trcibt'S it)n, ben I5ftlid)cn %xt\^ gu crnjcrben, Unb fturjt I)inuntei' auf J2cben unb ©terben. 9Bo^I I)5rt man bic 53rnnbunQ, ttJof)! !c^rt fie gurud, <5ie berfiinbigt bcr bonncrnbc ©d&all ; SDa budt ficb*3 t)inunter mit liebenbem 33Iid, 160 es tommcn, c§ fommcn bic aOSoffcc all, ©ie raufc^cn berauf, fie raufc^en niebcr, 'Den Siinglino bringt feineS miebcr. I NOTES TO SCHILLER'S TAUCHER. This beautiful Ballad, one of the finest in ballad literature, was composed by Schiller in 1797. It is interesting as the first fruit of the author's close friendship with his fellow-poet and rival, the great Goethe, who indeed seems to have furnished him with the story on which the poem was founded. In this story, a certain Nicolas Pescecola (Fish), a professional diver of Messina, was induced by King Frederick, of Naples and Sicily, about the year 1500 A.D., to explore, for the reward of a golden vessel thrown into the whirlpool by the king, the hidden depths of the terrible Charybdis ; and having returned alive from his first plunge, was tempted, by the offer of a large sum in gold, to take a second plunge, from which he never returned. This profes- sional diver, actuated as he was only by a greed of filthy lucre, is ennobled by the poet into the heroic youth of the ballad, whose motives are the noble ones of honour and fame ; and whose second and fatal plunge is incited by the still higher motive of love. The versification is iambic, i.e., consists of feet composed of a short or unaccented syllable followed by a long or accented one {\j ■^)', but these iambi are freely replaced by anapaests, or feet consisting of iwo short syllables followed by one long ( v w -^ ). 19^ NOTES TO SCinLLEIi\<; TAUCITEH. As an illustration, the scansion of the first stanza is given below : W«r wfigt f es Rit | t^rsminn 6 | d«r Knapp, ^ Zu tau I ch«n In die | s«n Schlund ? EIn«n gol I d«n«n Bech | «r werf | Ich hinab ; V^rschiung | dn sch6n hat | Ihn d«r schwar | z€ Mund. W«r mil I d«n Bech j «r kSnn wie | dgr zei | ggn, Er mag | llm bdhal | t^n gr ist | scin ci | ggn. It will be observed that the last two lines in the stanza have a half foot (one syllable) more than the other four ; also that, while the first, third, and fourth lines consist of four feet, the second has only three! The pupil will observe that in this Ballad, as in all poetry, the strict rules of construction are frequently departed from. Thus the inf. and part, repeatedly occur before other members of the sent., instead of being placed last (see 11. 2 and 4) ; and in subord. sentences, the verb IS not always last (see 1. 5). It is comparatively seldom, how- ever, that the fundamental rule, requiring the verb containing the copula (see App.) to be the second idea in the princ. sent., is departed from. The rhymes (as in Scott's poetry) are often very imperfect. Thus we have such rhymes as steil, Geheul ; Qetose, Schoosze ; rief. Felsenrifr; kilhn, bin. 1. 2. zu tftuchen. The inf. would be last in prose. 1. 4- The part, is here first, for emphasis, and the verb third, not second. — Mund, 'gorge.' 1. 5. Wer, hererel. pron.; the antec, which is properly contained m this word, is repeated in the next line (er).— kann would be last in prose, as being in a dep. sent. 1. 6. erist, etc., 'it shall be;-* pres. for fut.; er here, of course, refers to Becher. 1. 10. der Charybde Geheul, 'the howling of Charybdis,' »>., • 'the howling Charybdis.' 1. II. Wcr—Beherzte, 'who is brave enough,' 'who has the ^ COUfOgC. ' 1. 12. Zu tauchen; this sup. depends on der Beherzte in the NOTES TO SCHILLER'S TAUCHER. 199 previous line.— nieder, as sep. pref., v^ould precede the sup. zu tauchen in prose. 1. 13. die Ritter, die Knappcn; 'the knights and squires;* omission of the conj. 1. 14. Vernehmen's, 'hear it (his words) ;'= vernehmen es; a frequent elision. 1. 15. The first foot in this line (sehen) is o trochee, i.e., a long followed by a short syll. ( - ^ ), instead of an iambus. 1. 16. will; the sent, is princ, a.d would take the verb after the subj. (i nner^ in prose ; so also in the next sent. 1. 18. '.r — waget, 'who will venture down,' or 'is (bold enough) to venture down ; ' the indie, for -subj. (wage) for the sake of the rhyme. L 20. sanft und keck, 'gentle, yet bold.' 1. 21. der Knappen— Chor, 'the trembling train of squires,' i.e., the train of trembling squires ; compare note to 1. la 1. 22. Here again the conj. ' and ' is omitted ; compare 1. 13. 1. 24. verwundert, 'wondering,' 'in wonder.' 25. Hang, 'the brink,' the overhanging ledge. 27. die Wasser, ' the waters ' (pi.). 28. wiedergab; again the verb last in a princ. sent., instead of being at the beginning of the sent., as should be the case with the subord sent, (wie er, etc.) preceding, as it does. J' 29, 30. ' And as with the distant thunder's rumbling From its gloomy lap they come foaming and tumbling.' 1 es refers, indefinitely, to the whirlpool. 1. 31. 'And it bubbles and seethes and roars and hisses.' 1. 34. ' And flood upon flood hurries on, never ending ' (Lytton). 1. 35. 'And never will be exhausted or emptied.' 1. 36. Als, ' as though ; ' ob or wenn is omitted ; hence the verb immediately follows. 1- 37- da, redundant.— legt sich, 'is calmed,' 'subsides.' 1. 39 has only three feet, like the preceding lin .. 1. 40. als gieng's, 'as though it reached down,' compare 1 '•6. note; es is indef. and impers., and cannot refer to Spalt, 1 masc. Comjtjare also 1. 14, note. L I I * Lord Lytton's Translation. MH? •smss 200 NOTES TO SCr/LLER'S TAUCIIER. 1. 47. der Rachen, 'the jaws' of the 'yawning cleft* (gilhnender Spalt), 1. 39. — er — nimmer, 'he is seen no more,' lit. 'shows hini- self ; ' nimmer = nicht mehr. 1. 49. stille wird'a, 'all grows silent,' ' silence reigns.' 1. 50. brauset es hohl, 'there's a hollow roar.' 1. 51, 52. 'And (this cry) is heard quivering from mouth to mouth.' Supply : 'these words,' or 'this cry,' as obj. of hfirt. 1. 53. ' And more and more hollow 'tis heard to howl ;' es referring to the whirlpool ; see 1. 30, note. 1. 54. 'And still they wait in anxious and dread suspense ;' es here refers to the speciators. 1. 55. Und w&rfst du, 'and e'en though thou shouldst cast;' omission of wenn auch ; hence verb first. Lines 55-64 are suppoied to be spoken by one of the spectators. — selber, 'itself;' refers to Krone. 1. 56. Wer ; sei* 1. 5, note. 1. 58. Mich geliistete nicht, 'I would not covet,' subj. mood, with conditional force ; impers. verb (see Gioss.). 1. 59. verhehle, ' may conceal ' (subj. mood). 1. 60. 'No happy, living soul (creature) will (ever) tell,* i.e.^ no creature will be so fortunate as to live to tell ; erz&hli, pres. for fut. 1. 61. Wohl manches Fahrzeug, 'full many a bark.' 1. 63, 64. ' But keel and mast alone, shattered to pieces, wrenched themselves from the all-devouring grave.' zerschmettert refers to Kiel und Mast, which words are also modified by nur ; alles is obj. of the part, verschlingenden. 1. 66. * They hear the roar come nearer and ever nearer.' 1. 71, 72. Observe the variation in these two lines from the closing couplet of the 6th stanza. *• 1. 73, 74, 'Andlo! from the dark and swirling gulf a s.ovwiute object is raised,' lit. 'from the darkly swirling gulf it , .m.-^lliiiiy is raised white as a swan,' i.e., as swan's-down. It is better to substitute snowy, or snow-white, in translating, as being a phrase more familiar to the English reader ; es here and in 1. 76, below, indicates the yet indistinci obict. 1. 75, ■;;';"*'^ fjlos'^ . 'are bared,' i.e.y become visible; sing, verb with tw.' a; >j'c , though both precede the verb, note. 1. 76. 'And it swims with vigor and unflagging energy.' m Q«»*» T% TC\ I T T ,-,*' A'077':s TO scirnj.KR\s tauchek. 201 mood, I. 78. Winken, 'beckoning,' 'greeting,' I. 79. 'And he drew a . .ng breath, and drew a deep breath ;' the pron. omitted, as is frequently the case. I 81. Mit Frohlocken, 'jubilantly, 'with delight/ 1. 82. Es behielt ihn nicht, 'it retained him not,» i.e., he is free from its grasp. Es here again refers to the mysterious depths of the whirlpool. 1. 84. dcr Brave, 'the brave youth;' brav generally means 'ex- client,' 'good,' rather than ' bra»e ' {i.e., courageous); but may be besttransl. 'bru/e' in this passage.— die lebende Seele, 'his soul alive.' 1. 85. es umringt; es is here redundant, representing the real subj. Schar. 1. 88. winkt, 'beckons,' not 'winks.' See Gloss. 1. 90. also, 'thus,' 'with these woids.' 1. 91. Es freue, etc., 'let him rejoice, whoever,' etc.; the redun- dant ea representing wer, which is subj. of both sentences. 1. 94. 'And I'ji not man tempt,' etc.; versuche is imper. ^ 1. 96-99. ' I was hurled downward like the lightning's flash (quickly as lightning) ; when (da, lit. then) from a rocky shaft there rushed toward me with wild flood a furious stieam.' 1. 100. Doppelstrom, the double force of the descending flood and of th2 torrent that poured out from the rocks at the side ; transl. simply 'eddy,' or 'double eddy.' 1. 104. hfichsten, 'utmost,' 'most urgent.' 1. 108. ins Bodenlosc, 'into the abyss,' lit. 'the bottomless (deep).' 1. 109. bergetief, 'mountains deep.' 1. no. purpurner ; purple is the colour of the shadows as seen by [divers beneath the sea, rather than black. > 1. III. 'And though here all was for ever silent,' lit. 'slept to the ear ; ' either because the creatures were voiceless, or because the poet supposed (though wrongly) that sounds could not be heard in the water. The former explanation seems preferable. I 1. 112. 'yet the eye looked down with shuddering ; ' supply doch ; in prose the constr. would be: so sah (doch) das Auge mit 1. 113, 114. '(and saw) how it swarmed with,' etc., lit. 'was astir alive.' * rii is. .ia a ir iH m S ii V m r m -u 202 NOTES TO SCHILLER'S T AUG HER. 1. 115, 116, f Darkly there swarmed in horrid medley, coiled up jn disgusting masses.' 1. 117. Der stachlichte Roche, 'the prickly ray,' either the thorn- back, which has a row of spines along its back, or the sting-ruy, which has a sharp spine for self-defence in its tail.— der Klippenfisch, ' the chtetodon,' a small fish of ugly shape, though brilliant colours ; not = 'lub-fish,' as given in the dictionaries, which means 'dried cod- fish,' and is the Eng. equivalent for Klippfisch. The Klippe"^sch is so called by the poet from its fr^uenting submarine rock-clefts. 1. 118. 'The hideous, misshapen hammer-headed shark,' lit. the hideous monstrosity of the, etc.; the same figure as in 1. 10 (see note). 1. 120. dcs Meeres HySne ; so called on account of its voracity. 1. 121. und war's, etc., 'and was horribly aware of it,' lit. 'was conscious of it to myself with honor.' The es after war is gov. by the partic. adj. bewusst, being the older form of the gen., instead of the later sein ; mir is refl. and ethical dat. See note to p. 7, 1. 2. 1. 123. ' Amid spectres (monsters) the only sentient breast,' i.e.. the only creature endowed with sense and feeling. Larven ; see Gloss. 1. 127, 'And with a shudder (shuddering) I thought of it, then a something crawled up (to me).' Tlie latter es refers to some dimly discerned monster of the deep, such as the octopus or devil-fish. 1. 129. in des Schrekens Wahn, ' in a frenzy of terror.' 1. 130. der Koralle— Zweig, ' the branch of coral to which I had clung.' 1. 132. Doch — Heil, 'yet 'twas for my weal,' i.e., it was the sav- ing of me. 1. 133. 'The King at this is sheer amazed.' 1. 138. auf—Grunde, 'in the undermost depths of the sea.' 1. 140. mit — Munde, 'with coaxirtg lips,' lit. 'with flattering mouth.' 1. 141. 'Let this be enough, father, of your cruel sport.' 1. 142. euch, ethical dat. 1. 143. was— besteht, 'what no one (else) will stand.' 1. 144. ' Then let the knights put the squire to shame ; ' mfigen is here used with the force of the imper. 1. 147. ' And if thou bring me back the goblet ; ' omission of wenn. schafTen in this sense is weak ; it is strong only in the sense of ' cre- ating ; ' zur Stelle schaffen, ' to bring (to the place where the speaker is).' 1. lent 1. cas( 1. i ~c 1. 1. 1. 1. the 1. the 1. sho; I! II n [ NOTES TO SCrrn.LERKS TAUCHER. 203 1. 148. der trefflichste Ritter mir, ' the foremost (lit. most excel- lent) of my knights.' 1. 149. Ehgemahl may be parsed as nom. or ace. ; in the latter case it "is neut., referring to sie. 1. 151, 152. 'Then his soul is seized (as though) with heavenly i ~ce, and a keen flash darts from his eyes.' 1. 155. Da treibt's ihn, 'then is he impelled.' 1. 157. ' Full well they hear the breakers, in sooth they return.' 1. 158. Sie is, of course, ace, obj. of verkilndigt. 1. 159. 'Then there's one who bends down,' etc.; es here refers to the princess. 1. 160. ' They come, they come, the waters all ; ' es representing the subj. (Wasser'i before the verb. 1. 162. ' Noi one (of them) brings back the yoth.' This verse is short by a foot, thus indicating the suddenness of the catastrophe. ■ ere- GLOSSARY TO SCHILLER'S TAUCHER. B ballen, v. a. w., to roll, roll up. beben, v. n. (haben) w., to tremble, quiver. Becher, subst. m., gen.-s, pi. , goblet, beaker, cup. bedecken, v. a. w., to cover, veil. begehren, v. a. w., to desire, wish for [sometimes gov. gen.]. begrttszen, v. a. w., to greet, salute. beherzt, partic. adj., courageous, brave; der Beherzte (1. ii), partic. subst., the brave man. See note. bergetief, compd. adj., moun- tains-deep. bestimmen, v. a. w., to deter- mine, appoint J set aside, pro- mise (1. 135). bewusst, partic. adj., conscious, aware ; gov. (refl.) dat. of pers., and gen. of thing. See note to 1. 121. Blitz, subst. m., gen.-es, pl.-e, lightning, flash. blitzen, ^ , n. (haben) w., to flash. blitzesschnell [compd. adj., quick as lightning, quick as a flash ;], adv., like lightning, like a flash. bodenlos, compd. adj., bottom- less ; das Bodenlose, subst. n., the abyss. brav, adj., excellent, good; der Brave, subst. m., the fine, brave man, fellow (1. 84). [Like Fr. brave it generally means "good" or "excellent" rather than "brave," for which latter the adj. tapfer is used. ] brandend, partic. adj., surging, heaving, billowing. Brandung, subst, f., pl.-en, surge, surf, breakers. brausen, v. n. (haben) w., to roar. rush. '» briillen, v. n. (haben) w., to roar, bellow. Charybde, subst. f. prop., Cha- rybdis (from the Greek), a whirl- pool in the Straits of Messina, between Sicily and Italy. 206 GLOSSAA'V TO SCIH LITER'S TAUCHER. Chor, subst. m., gen.-(e)8, pi. Chdre [chorus] ; train, troop, crowd, circle (1. 21). [das Chor, n., = the choir (of a church).] D dampfen, v. n. (haben) w., to steam j pres. part, and adj. -d, steaming. dar6b, adv., thereat, at it. darreichen, v. a. sep. w., to hand over, present, offer. Donner, subst. m., gen.-s, pi. , thunders. donnern, v. n. (haben) w., to thunder; pres. part, and adj. -d, thundering. Doppelstrom, subst. m. comp., gen.-(e)s, pl.-strfime, whirl- pool, eddy (lit. "double stream "). Drachen, subst. m., gen.-s, pi. , dragon. dr&ngen, v. a. w., to force, press, urge, push; refl. (recipr.), to crowd or press one upon the other. [Trans, form of dring- en.] drSuen, v. a. w., to threaten, menace, drauf, contr. for darauf. [drehen, v. a. and refl., to turn, twist, twirl.] Drehen, subst. n. (inf. of prec), gen.-s, no pi., turning, twist- ing, twirling. f^delknecht, subst. m. comp., gen.-(e)s, pl.-e, page, squire. Edelgestein, subst. n. comp. coll., gen.-(e)s, no pi., precious stones, jewels (coll. form of Edelstein). Ehgem.lhl, subst. m. and n. comp., spouse, consort ; husband (m. or n.) or wife (n. only).^ See note on 1. 149. Einsamkeit, subst. f., pi. -en, loneliness, solitude, entgegenstiirzen, v. n. (sein) w., to rush against or toward (dat. of person), entdnnen, v. n. (sein), entrann, entronnen, to escape from (gov. dat.). Entsetzen, subst. n., gen.-s, no pi., horror, terror. entstlirzen, v. n. (sein) w., to rush, gush forth from (gov. dat.). erfassen, v. a. w., to seize, grasp, take hold of. errSten, v. n. (sein) w., errfltete, errStet, to blush (turn red). ersch6pfen, v. a., to exhaust ; refl., to exhaust one's self, be exhausted. ewig [adj. (no compar.), eternal, everlasting;], adv., forever, eternally. Fahrzeug, subst. n. comp., gen. -(e)s, pl.-e, vessel, ship (pro- perly a conveyance of any sort). Fels(en), subst. m., gen. -en, -ens, dat. ace. , -en, pi. -en, rock [; compare decl. of Buchstabe, etc.]. Felsejiriff, subst. n. comp., gen. -(e)s, pl.-e, rocky crag, point or ledge of rock ; reef. felsig(t), adj., rocky. [Schiller frequently has these forms in -igt, icht, with an added -t ; comp. rosigt, stachlicht, be- low.] Finsterniss, subst. f., pl.-e, darkness, gloom, obscurity. flehen, v. a, w., to beg, entreat, pray. GLOSSARY TO SCHILLER'S TAl CHEK. 207 Fleiss, suhst. m., gen.-es, no pi., industry, assiduity, vigour. Flut, subst. f., pi. -en, flood, stream ; water. fluten, V. n. (haben) w., -etc, geflutet, to wave, heave ; pres. part, and adj. -d, heaving, bil- lowing (1. 73). Frohlocken, subst. n. (ipf. of corresponding v.), gen.-s, no pi., rejoicing, gladness, delight. fankeln, v. n. (haben) w., to sparkle, flash ; pres. part, and adj. -d, sparkling, flashing. furchtbar, fdrchterlich, adj., terrible, frightful, awful, dread- ful ; adv., terribly, etc. gSh (or jah) [adj., headlong ; pre- cipitous ; steep ;], adv., head- long, precipitously. gflhnen, v. n. (haben) w., to yawn, gape ; pres. part, and adj. -d, yawning, gaping. geballt (past part, of ballen), adj., rolled up, heaped up. Gefdhl, subst. n., gen.-(e)s, pi. -e, feeling, sentiment. geheimnissvoll [comp. adj., m.ysterious, inscrutable ;], adv., mysteriously, inscrutably. Geheul, subst. n. freq., gen.-(e)s, no pi., howling, howl. Gelenk, subst. n., gen. -(e)s, pl.-e, limb, joint. Gemisch, subst. n. coll., gen. -es, pl.-e, mixture, medley, confusion. Gestalt, subst. f., pi. -en, shape, form, figure. Getose [or Get8se], subst. n. freq., gen.-s, no pi., uproar, roar, noise, din, tumult. gewinnen, v. a. insep., gewann, gewonnen, to win, gain. Gischt, subst. m., gen.-es, no pi., spray, vapour. gn&dig, adj., gracious, merciful ; adv., mercifully, gr&sslich, adj., horrible, horrid, dreadful, awful. Grauen, subst. n. (inf.), gen.-s, no pi., horror, dread, grftulich, adj., horrid, horriblo, hideous. graus, adj., dreadful, fearful, horril)le, horrid. graus am, adj., cruel. Grausen, sul)st. n. (inf.), gen.-s, no pi., horror, dread, awe. grimmig, adj., fierce, cruel. gmndlos, adj., no compar., bot- tomless. Gilrtel, subst. m., gen.-s, pi. , girdle, belt, zone. H Hai, subst. m., gen.-(e)s, pl.-e, shark. Hammer, subst. m., gen.-s, pi. Hammer [hammer ;J, hammer- headed shark. Hang, subst. m., gen.-(e)s, no pi. , overhanging edge or margin, brow (of a precipice). barren, v. n. (haben) w., to wait, tarry, linger. Heil, subst. n., gen.-(e)s, no pi., salvation, rescue, saving ; weal, good. [Conn, with Eng. "hail" and "heal." See heilen in former Gloss.] herankriechen, v. n. (sein) sep., kroch, gekrochen, to creep up, crawl up (toward the speaker). hervorringen, v. a. refl. sep., rang, gerungen, to wrendi one's self loose, free one's self with a wrench. heulen, v. n. (haben) w., to howl ; pres. part, and adj. -d, howling. 208 GLOSSAHY TO SCItlLLRk'S TAUCHER. heut(e), adv. of time, to-day, this day. Hilfe [or Mttlfe], subst. f., no pi, help, assistance, aid, suc- cour. Hlmmelsgewalt, subst. comp. f., pi. -en, power from heaven, heavenly power, himmlisch, adj., heavenly, ce- lestial, hinabblicken, v. n. (haben) sep. w^, to look down, glance down. hinabschiessen, v. n. (sein)sep., schoss, geschossen, to shoot down, dart down. hinabsehen, v. n. (haben) sep., sah, gesehen, sieh, siehst, to look downward. hinabwerfen, v. a. sep., warf, geworfen, wirf, wirfst, to throw down, cast down. hinabzichen, v. a. sep., zog, ge- zogen, to draw down, pull down. hinaushangen, v. n. (haben) Sep., hieng, gehangen, h&ngst, to hang (out) over. hineinschleudern, v. a. sep. w., to hurl in, fling in. bineinwerfen, v. a. sep., warf, geworfen, wirf, wirfst, to throw in, cast " . hinsinken, v. n. (sein) sep., sank, gesunken, to sink down, fall down. hinunter, adv., down, downward (away from the speaker), hinunterklafifen, v. n. (haben) Sep. w., to gape or yawn down- wards ; to open yawning down- wards, hinunterreissen, v. a. sep., riss, gerissen, to tear down, pull down, hurl down. hinunterschlingen, v. a. sep., schlang, geschlungen, to swallow down, gulp down. hinuntersehen, v. n. (haben) Sep., sah, gesehen, sieh, siehst, to look down, gaze down. hinunterwagen, v. a. refl. sep. w., to venture down. hinweg, adv., away, off (stronger form of weg). hinwegspttlen, v. a. sep. w., to wash away. hochherzig, adj. comp., mag- nanimous, noble (lit. "high- hearted"). H5he, subst. f., pl.-n, height, elevation ; summit, top. Hdllenraum, subst. m. comp,, gen.-(e)s, pl.-rfiume, space or realm of hell. Hdllenrachen, subst. m. comp., gen.-s, no pi., jaws of hell, mouth of hell. Hy&ne, subst. f., pl.-n, hyena. jubeln, V. n. (haben) w., to shout (for joy), be jubilant; pres. part, and adj. -d, joyful, jubilant ; adv. joyfully, gladly, with shouts of joy. K keck, adj., bold, fearless, un- daunted, courageous. klaffen, v. n. (haben) w., to open up, £ape, yawn. [klammern, v. a. refl. w., to cling to (gov. an with ace.).] Klippe, subst. f., pl.-n, cliff, precipice, rock. Klippenfisch, subst. m. comp., gen.-es, pl.-e, chaetodon (a fish of ugly shape. See 1. 117, note). Knapp(e), subst. n., gen. -en, pi. -en, page, squire (the attendant of a nobleman or knight). GLOSSARY TO SCHILLER'S TAUCItER. 209 Koralle, subst. f., pl.-n, coral. Kreisel, subst. m., gen.-s, pi. , top (for spinning). ktthn, adj., bold, keen ; daring, courageous, undaunted ; adv. boldly, etc. Kunde, subst. f., no pi., knowl- edge ; information, news. I [Kunde, m., = "customer."] Larve, subst. f., pl.-n [mask;], spectre, monster. leeren, v. a. w., to empty, ex- haust; V. refl., to empty one's self, exhaust one's self. M Macht, subst. f., pi. MSchte, might, power. [Syns. Kraft, Gewalt ; see under Kraft in former Gloss.] mengen, v. a. and refl. w., to mix, mingle. Molch, subst. m., pl.-e [sala- mander,], reptile. N Nacken, subst. m., pi. , nape, neck. [See the syn. Hals in former Gloss.] niedertauchen, v. n. (sein) sep. w., to plunge down, dive down. O Oede, subst. f., no pi., desolation, solitude. Preis, subst. m., gen.-es, pl.-e. prize [price ; praise ; in this sig- nification has no pi.]. purpurn, adj., nocompar., purple. See note to 1. 1 10. Rachen, subst. m., pi. , jaws. gorge, ragen, v. n. (haben> w., to rise, project; pres. part, and adj., -d, projecting. rasen, v. n. (haben) w., to rage, be furious, rave ; pres. part, and adj., -d, raging, furious. Rede, subst. f., pl.-n, speech, language. [Syn. Sprache, which means language, or the faculty of speech ; R. = also "a speech," or set form of words.] reissen, v. a., riss, gerissen, to tear, pull ; pres. part, and adj., -d, raging. [Riff, subst. n., gen.-(e)s, pl.-e, reef, crag (projecting point of rock).] ringen, v. n. (haben) and refl., rang, gerungen [to wrestle], wrest, wrench (one's self free). See note to 1. 63. Ritter, subst. m., gen.-s, pi. , knight, cavalier. Rittersmann, subst. m. com p., gen.-(e)s, pl.-leute, knight, cavalier. Roche, subst. m., gen.-n, pl.-n, ray (a flat fish of ugly shape, allied to the family of skates). See note to 1. 117. r6sig(t), adj., rosy, ruddy. Comp. felsig(t), above. rudern, v. n. (haben) w., to row. See note to 1. 76. Salamander, subst. m., gen.-s, pi. , salamander (a kind of lizard, not a marine animal, 210 GLOSSARY TO SCnriJ.ER'S TAl/Cl/ER. \ tliough specified l)y the poet as sucli). Sausen, sul)st. n. (inf.), gen. -s, no pi,, rusliing, whistling, howl- ing ; blast. Schacht, subst. in., gen.-(e)s, pl.-e, and Sch&chte, shaft (of a mine), cleft, gorge, chasm. schaffen, v. a. w., to procure ; see note to ). 148. [The strong verb (schaflfen, schuf, ge- 8chafTen)= "to create." The weak verb also— "to have to do with a person," as : was habe ich mit dir zu s., "what have I to do with thee?" and dialectically (South German) "to work."] Schall, subst. m., gen.-(e)s, pi. Sch&lle, sound, noise, tone. Schar, subst. f., pl..4en, crowd, multitude, host. schaudern, v. n. (haben) w., to shudder. Schaudern, subst. n. (inf. of j>rec.), gen.-s, no pi., shudder- ing, horror. schauen, v. a. w., to behold, see. [More explicit than its syn. sehen.] \ sch&umen, v. n. (haben) w., to : foam; pres. part, and adj., -d, foaming, scheusslich, adj., horrid, loath- some, disgusting. schier, adv., almost [as adj. = Eng. "sheer"]. schleudern, v. a. w., to hurl, fling, schlingen, v. a., schlang, ge- schlungen, to swallow [to en- twine]. Schlund, subst. m., gen.-(e)s, pi. Schlttnde, mouth, jaws, gorge, abyss. Schosz, subst. m., gen.-es, pi. Sch5sze, lap, bosom j depth, abyss. schrecklich, adj., terrible, dread- ful. Schrei, subst. m., gen.-(e)s, pi. ^ -e, cry, scream, shout. schroff, adj., steep, precipitous. schwanenweiss, adj., no corn- par., white as a swan (as swan's- down). Schwimmer, subst. m., gen.-s, pi. , swimmer. ' schwindlich(t), adj., giddy, dizzy (see felsig(t), above). : schwingen, v. a., schw^ang, ge- I schwungen, to swing, wave. See, subst. f., pl.-n, sea, ocean. [Syn. Meer. Der See, m., = "the lake."] sieden, v. n. (haben) w., siedete, gesiedet, to seethe, boil. [The str. V. (sott, gesotten) is trans. ; comp. the Eng. adj. "sod- den."] Spalt, subst. m., pl.-e [also-e, f., pl.-n], slit, cleft, rift, fissure, gap, cliasm. spritzen [or spriltzen], v. a. and 11. (haben), to spurt, gush. spiilen, v. a. w., to wash out, rinse. stachlich(t), a^.j., prickly. steil, adj., steep, precipitous, sheer. Sterben, subst. (inf.) n., gen.-s, no pi., dying, death. stillschv<^eigen, v. n. (haben), schwieg, geschwriegen, to be silenti [inf. used as subst. n., silence]. Strudel, subst. m., gen.-s, pi. , whirlpool, eddy, vortex. stradeln, v. n. (haben) w., to eddy, bubble, boil j pres. part, and adj., -d, eddying, boiling. stutnm, adj., dumb, mute, silent. [Sturm, subst. m., gen.-(e)s, pi. Stttrme, storm, tempest.] Sturmessausen, subst. comp. n., gen.-s, no pi., whistling or roar- GL OSS AH Y TO SCHILLER ' S TA UCHER. 2 1 1 ing of a storm, tempestuous roar. tauchen, v. a. w., to dive, plunge. Taucher, subst. m., gen. -8, pi. , diver. teuer, adj., compar. teurer, superl. teuerst, dear, precious (of com- mercial as well as moral value). tiefanterst, comp. superl. adj., bottom-most, veiy deepest or lowest. Toben, subst. n. (inf.), rage, fury, violence. Trichter, subst. ro., gen.-s, pi. , funnel, gorge. trefilich, adj., excellent, eminent, choice. U um^rmexij v. a. insep. w., to em- brace. umklammern, v. a. insep. w., to cling to, embrace ; past part, and adj., -t, see note to 1. 130. umringen, v. a. insep. w., to sur- round [not conn, with the strong V. ringen, "to wring," but der. from Ring]. umtreiben, v. a. sep., trieb, ge- trieben, to drive around, cause to move in a circle. unendlich, adj., no compar., end- ^ less, never-ending. Cngeheuer, subst. n., gen.-s, pi. , monster. tJngestalt, subst. f., pi. -en, monstrosity, monstrous shape. V verhehlen, v. a. insep. w., to hide, conceal (dat. of pers. from whom the thing is hidden). [The old strong part, verhohlen appears in the adv. unver- hohlen, "without conceal- ment."] verkAndigen, v. a. insep. w., to announce, proclaim. vernehmen, v. a. insep., ver- nahm, vernommen, ver- nimm, vernitnmst, to perceive, hear. verwundert, adj. and adv., as« tonished, surprii-ed ; in astonish- ment or surprise. W wagen, v. a. w., to dare, venture. Wahn, subst. m., gen.-(e)s, no pi. , illusion ; frenzy, madness. wallen, v. n. (haben [and sein]) w. [to walk, make a pilgrim- age ;], to wave, heave. [In the former sense it takes haben when action only is expressed, sein when direction also is meant. ] Wasserh6hle, subst. f. comp., pl.-n, watery grave or abyss (lit. * ' water-cavern " ). Wasserschlund, subst. m. comp., gen.-(e)s, pi. -schlttnde, watery gorge or abyss. wegwerfen, v. a. sep., warf, geworfen, wirf, wirfst, to throw away, cast away, fling away. [weilen, v. n. (haben) w., to wait, tarry.] Weilen, subst. n., inf. ol prec, gen.-s, no pi., waiting, tarrying, expectation. Welle, subst. f., pl.-n, wave, billow. wiederkehren, v. n. (sein) sep. w., to return, come back. 212 GLOSSARY TO SCHILLEK^s TAUCHER, wildflutend, partic. coma adi. with wild flood, raging, wimmeln, v. n. (haben) w., to teem, swarm, [winken, v. n. (haben) w., to beckon, signal (see note to 1. 78)0 Winken, subst. n., inf. of prec, gen. -8, no pi., beckoning, wav- ing, signal. Wirbel, subst. m., gen. -a, pi. , whirlpool, eddy. Woge, subst. f., pl._n, wave, billow (less common than Welle), wflten, V. n. (haben) w., wtttetc, gewfltet, to rage, be furious or wdd ; pres. part, and adj. -d, raging, furious. zagen V. „. (haben) w., to tremble, be timid oi afraid • pres. part, and adj. -d, timid' afraid, fc "^ul ; aclv.. timidly! 2«hmen, v. a, w., to tame, sub- clue, repress, zerschm^ttem, v. a. w., to dash to pieces, break, destroy utterly • past part, and adj. -t, dashed tc pieces, zischen, v. n. (haben) w., to hiss (imitative word), zugleich, adv. of time, at the same time. Zv)reig, subst. m., gen.-(e)s, pi. -€, twig, branch, bough. . I t