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Lorsqua le document est trop grand pour etre reproduit en un seul clich6, il est film6 ^ partir de Tangle supArieur gauche, de gauche d droite, et de haut en bas, en prenant le nombre d'images nAcessaire. Les diagrammes suivants illustrent la mdthode. 1 2 3 I 5 6 MICROCOPY RESOIUTION TEST CHART ANSI Ofid ISO TEST CHART No 2 1.0 I.I i^ 111^8 i 2.5 1..^ ill 3 2 m 1^ II 2.0 11 1.8 1.25 1.4 A -APPLIED IIVMGE ■ East Mam St'e(?l 'ester. Ne* Vori, ^ ^ 'it tftv V '-^ ^^ ^ yij^ Tl]e Occiirn^noe and f^cHluctloi^ of Gold. liY AI.KItKH wool Mil tl ■.lnu k inr in llu- (;..kl fields of liuli;., Africa an.l Nuva S(,4ia. and ,i. ^^^^ ,h ,|naiiilanrr Willi liu- lUlcr is very short I l)Ut forward luv views with considL-ralili: dillideiu r. trusting that (HhLTnKMiihcrsvvith lar-ri^-.tvr cxpLTkmv of this I V(.vii;.xN will n..l hesitate to (•nlR-ise and lAplaintlie errors 1 fill into, lor in my o|.inioii, it is the discussion aia, not tlie paper that i-diicates. I'lir suhiect Cold has u fascination fore very one and if termed the '• root (.1 all evil" is decukdlv a l.lcssin}i to civili/atioii when jiroperly employed. Cold is I believe, the only mineral for which a market is always ready, and is llic standard l.y whi<'h all prixlucts are valued. \hhou-h (lold occurs usually in vcrv small (iiiantities compared with other metals, it is pmhaMv one of the widest distributed, as traces of Cold are found almost cveryw-here, but not ireiierally in jKiyable (|nantities. Mv experience in different c-.)Uiitrie> has shown that the profitable working; of Cold doci mU iur,-^.s,!n/v h'llo:.' the rxistciuv of the metal in payable ijuantities. and I therefore jiropose to point out in this paper -ome of the causes ol tailure. This Kiiiij; of metals occurs. in three forms as lollows: 1. In veins of i] .it/, or other haril substance embedded in the matrix. 2. .\s>ociated with sulphurcts of Iron. ( 'opi-cr. Lead. Klc. either chemically combined or otherwise. -, In alluvial, that is in the detritus formed by the erosion ofauriferous rocks from action of weather, sun and atmosphere, by whic'h the particles of -old have been liberated, and owin- to specific gravity, the lighter -rain, ol -round or powdered rock are carried away, leaving the heavier mineral near the original source. 1 do not purpose entertaining the disiniled ([iiestinn of Nuggets, as their origin i> practically ihe.ireiieal. These three occurrences of gold are far loo extensive to be de.ilt with in one paper, and I will therefore confine myself to the first, or occurreiu e in (Juart/ and other hard silicious matrix. Allhnii^h (iiu' comiinKilly hiiir-. lli.il pild mciirs in mhih' lurliciilar distr ', III '|uilr ;i iliUrrrnt w.iy I'nim jiiiy i.tlur country, my fXinrii'iKV triids Id pnn • ilu.i,' /'nir/iui/Zy llicsaim- /mu's ,\ .Apoi i,, lind /,-,-,?/ ,/iiira,/,risfics and |>n,liai)l\ no two disin.tN haw tile sanio. hut if i)arallrl uin. ofciuart/, oLvurinj,' in idiMiticallv tlw same torinaiion and iyin;,' only a Iru- fcri apan. diflVr so nuirolv'not onlv in vicid ol 1,'old, lait a. lually in the nat'iir o| mairix. nc mav rcasonahlv c.vpfct wry givat diffcivnr.-, in two distri.ts iiiousands ol mil..^ apart, and to sum 'up I wish toVoiuvy iIk' proi.ahhity that gol'l "(curs in wins of ,|iian/ in all rountri^s. lolhming ct-rtain lawsol Xatiirr, affi'ciudl.yrcrtain local ( ■liaractciistics ami thai die dilTm/ncu in yield ol f.vo paiall"! veins m similiar lormation lends to jirove diat our knowledge of the ori;;in ol ^old is e\cn to tlav \cr\ linuled. A visitor lo Xov.i Scotia hears a ,t;r. at deal al.oul the Ami. linal , or Anticline) Ani;ulars etc.. hut does the Anticline alTei t the richness of the ore or do the veins near- est this point proNc richer than those larther awav? I think ue must Ir.ok further for the cause ol rich streaks or deposits. ".\n,L;ulars" is a -;ood local n.iine lor the ni rous \eins, strin.i^s or droppers ol <|Uart/ that lall mlo au II 1 .1 LtUT ill 'nlution. now it tul-ow. th.it this nun, ...1 iii.ilt.r woiihl In- |„v, ipil. tod provi.lr.l -;-' -l,;;;^;^- ,.|r,.r « U.r Thi, illuMr.ition nuiviv .howsthr ,,o>mI.1c tla-orv ot (.old |).|.omIs in Ita^Ik^ l.vv..,..al,;.. .H-otlur ni i„>-r larricd in paralld Hiu--. l-V airr.m-, osvr tlu- newly dcpoMtVd nind> mi,. , . murrtrd into -,l,itrsan lit>t w..rk i-- to wav tlu.r .H„hlv i 1 p..-t his ,r..im.l l..r,uin, as nn..-h a, possible his d.nVrcn, ea.ls an.l carni-n; where uold lias 1, een touiul l.v lonner ..wners. making .aivlu notes olpasi resti Us t .1 './h in all piohal.i'i.v n , Uu, ae.-.nints will enlir.ly a.ree) iuit. Iron, his n.-tes lu- Ini I,: ,\Ac to' m.ike .1 rou.li pl.n. a.id lonii sonu- lair i.lea where ,uoU Una v he e.v ,„.ete.l lielon. With lhl> knowkduc he loeates ih,^ position ot hw tirst attack 1a \,iu itposs,l,i,, ,t n..t :.v Main Shalt, sel.'etin.u .> l"'sili"" as .•oiueiiunl as pos.il.l, U. the \lill Sit.-, whi.-h slunil.l be .■hos.-n well .ihov.- ihe Hal Kr.miul, so thit no iron hie will ...-eur in the fuuire tVon, Tailnius, As the iii.nn weirknigs an. inill sit.; lorn, tlu- .entr.- ol all Intur.- operations. t.,o iii.i.h e.ne .aniiot he .^Mveii to he selection .,! i nl-u-.- whi. h ..if.rs th.- .^'r.-at.-st raiilili.-s |..r pennaiieiU works, as the i-ast proves. 'Mme'.rs ,.li,-„ U,-vi to i.,ok alu.al to ,lu- tutu,.-, «he., th.- iiiine re.iuiremenls may assume very gr.-at pi-oportions and inste.id n\ ad.liii.u U> the ..n^mal works, a./mV/ i/- be.n l-und bv this meth.id when th.- uol.l ...-.-urred too tmely dis- tributed to b.- visibk- and w.iiil.rp.issibly ,,lheruise Ikin. b.(-n overlooked. i ,„„ ,,wav. inllnw hi.un. uuh .1.. pan ,m.l I am ^-^ 1" ' \, ,.,[, , M..1 i„ Nova Sroua knnuin^: ln„u .xi-run. r U> ^nat s.iUu ,.,„„,, .,i,,,u, „.„utl,al.^ attra,t.n^; pra-ural ,.,,.. ,|„,,u.,n nl vr.nral nr ,n. I,n,d M,,m. > ,;i,.„na;r,. that llu- Ica.l i^ ■"-non, >lu' u.lin.l .lui. -or i;--l-";'^= ';';:j'; ^ l-^',,,.. .rin a, on--. , au. •■ ,..M,.la. .unk ni-on l.ui anv laull. >l K >;-',„ , ,.,^, ,,■,,,,„,, ,„ Nova Sro.,a lurnianrnt u,Mk.. ./> 'f '\ "'^(\ "' "' ,. I„n Hk- v. Mm al >luli ha- l^rn Mink to a i---' ''-'-'■'''''''• '''"r:;^tk;';n.^^o^^^^ W\x-\ It IN t-a>v to riM-' up or ^inK a l„.|„n'stopinii -' ^^.^VSniv he ^urlv lo.-aled. And my cApcru'iuv lias shown. "'■"""' ^ ^^^^,^,^^ ,,.^,„ ,,,„,,. lault or intniMon ol trap ;;s':'i:l'h';:'r:\:o;k';.::::M\u,,i,;.^ - „„n.l within th. h.K- ot th. Mivak o, ' ; '\ ,„,,,,^ „, ,,. I1K.C lui^gas l^'-- ''-""'"■'' '""""' "' =""''' "V ,; ,0 Uv: .Uurt. and ^, is naturallv .^rcalh ^,,uv,n,K...-uru^h.nnu■r.guk,ll.^ .0 . -K^ 1^^ ^^^.^^^^ ,11 oiv through- 1 llu- |i 1st. n „ut tlu- nniu- tlu' av-aaur vahu- oh - ^^^^^^ ^^^^^ ^^,. ,,,,.,,,. ,1^,,, ,,,r ton and as .luaa- won d W uM.uu^ U^^^ _.^^^^_ ^__^^ ^^^^^ ^^_ _^_^^. ^,^^. ,^^^^ ,^,^ , , ;,;;;s;;l,i;.' ';;;,,;'';;,;':;:' ii:':;:.:.'^ t: i.- wmh, nu,. ..tum a , vkm p.- " " ' ui^^n tlu. d.v. n.i.s . -.7-;,-;:^'^::;;i,'-ScSj::^t,^.:;"K ;;rt:;;s;^a^.!;-rnt:::'.:V'''-'^ Ijamt I'v .xpciu-iuxMHuIrr sv^t.niatir workings. „uMi..lly lr^'^'"'f^^'"^-';.::^ ?B?:6ib;;;;!,i::';:.^;r::;;S^ - , t^^;-;;;:',;:':"Kls:r:;:;';.;u...i til m.ilsi l,^,iiaiMt;>anarMH'ns.vcma.hmcr>,a ) i"t" iKIul.lalion. , , T Nov, ScnU.m ,.,i«» "'^■'";■■l■;',■;:;:;v',';:' .:i"X ^■\";';:'''';,:l■:;n- !;'>'';> ^";':^'^Br^^^^^ ureal crcim i> ">'' means at their muunatHl. r.hrnuiH-bavclKTii.ilH""' ''> "" s«S:S Si2S:f His "-^T'^ b :k:: j:;^^ .^s-r;; ^: i--.-. - -'■ • - ' .,,.„ ."M.. ^ >n;";ii::i-;-;""S".si^?-"ri ;t^s consiilcraDK !-,>"" i|i|icr, ar>ciin- ,11 II I HI. ^lllM ntraliim .uul tniitmcni, .1 , " r'i. ^ •■ ill >"■ tMiiml .1 ,1,,.1m. M„h - - ' ■ ■■--■•■ i.'i— M. I lu. Sncmv ..I AMMl>;auMtiui. 1. .uiv.imj; aa.l ^ •lur.ain, Ui. I,i>l l'"^'" I'' "' ,"l„i> „,, I...... .1 ^..M .avin^. iK-vnn.l svln. 1, n ,.-.-- n... ■ .- su,v t ih, - M.a ,. .mr linn llu- s.iIu.m.I lln .mM ,v...\. r. .1 ' '" '"; ""' ' :r'iT "nu-i.'mK : , ;^ >■ sL.,' nul.-m unnecessary iii.iiiai Hi\, wliiii n (111. Ill >iilin ii nil) in I'.i .,, J .:.„„„,„„, „„., .,. inilh „. main the K-.l-l m nr ayu-ar - l;-^; ', ^ ' ; ,;,f ' :.„|,,hi.„Ka an ainal^^an, ,l,.l plat. „ ,.n,rallv plaiv.l nM 1, ^ ' '' Z,^,,,^. , 1' t nhicl is IM rli.ik the Inrwanl tl-uv m1 i.u!,, a. nn.rh as \n,M- 11 i|i|irr |ililr. Th, ailvania-.s an.l .lisa.lvaniaj;-> ,.l nUmilunn,; .|urkMU.r_H,l„ -'u; ".orlar liiiMs. arc nuicii (li--|)Uteil. hut I luv.' Iniin I til il wilii iii.i-l uci> well. „,„,i.U.,l a iiipi.T l.'ate i. se. ur.lv i\sv.\ at th. lurk n, a r..vs. -a.t hah. lunp.is. : :!. ,i:-' „r,l:hi..i..n. ,. sh.n.hl I.. u,.,l . lUli.mVv ot h.rwis. ,. uall 1, ■ lluurecl , I .|,|,.,|i,.l nu,„nt.. 111. plat., an.l prnl.al.ly a «<.:.il .l.al w.ll pass away ,nhH he ,;;;;;„,!. a' H i> hn,n,l Ihunvll .nii.kMlv.r will .,0, r.adilv r.n.un on th. .upp.r plat.. In .IS. of i.,va>. an.l nil-.ttui^j int.- the I...N will. ih. quart/ it is a.lM..N. ,„ „„,,;iu,v...in,n;in -ausli.- s.Kh ev.ry lev huurs, a. tlus .hs.olv.s the grease and k.i-p-' till' insitl. swi'.t. , , r- ...v milwiih cous.— Dhla suvl wir. s.r.en with looc hol.^ ji.r squaa ;;;;;' ;'::/,::';:.:'':;;: .h.^..i.i i^ s.. hn.,y dis..n,inat,..i. that -- 1>.> -;^ -,. I!' 'hn- luit t!w .apa-hv nUhr null .. naturallv r..lu..-.l with ^\v small., m.sh. Th. luilp as .,>l..>li>'l 'I'nai^h th. MT..n. ta!U .m a plai. 10 in.Oi.s wide in- ,,„„.d 1' n Is h. liatt.rv, wul, a pit.'h ..f . uu .0 .-r , _• and ,. ,hu. .luv,-t..l n^c ■ , pl.s.;|-M.^ with a thir.1 ,>n. 1-''- '-i"- T ".'"; 1 i ! nv ulkMv.r V .h.d o wr. ami thus pn.t..-t th. ,.iat. wlu.h .houl. 1). 4 t..t ..ng ^ h w . n ■> 1 1-v, th. upp.r on. -Inly h.in;; Idled with .pn.kMlv.r. tr.-m here ;h;.';iu;::;,:ile...v.ra-,..on,l ,.lau. 4 l-t l.-n, and then ,. .■ aulu,-..d to th. ...V .-.■ntratiir. \l,h,ni,h ih.r. ar. nuuienn.s patents h.r ..m.ent^ratin^ tliev :uv "^''^^'ly J;;'^ ..MK.nM;..an.ror,.n ,l..id.dlv .•.,m,.li.at..l. and I hnd the ..Id tash,.,ned stra,«lU 1 I iliniw Austr.ili.iii |>rr' '(iii^iini linn li\ tl'" miitr iMr|ifnii I II . 111(1 liiH thf great advantage ol I iii-> I iinciiKr.itiir riiri-.i«.|i ol .1 Milidly hiiilt vvixhU'm t.ilili' suiiic H tcft lim^; «illi Iwi) (livi>t with a i.H iiK l)i> liiii)i (n)in whii li will) a risi- ot t'j itx lu's in j" 6" is limit tiu- tloor iip wliii 1) till' i»ri' niiot aMi'iHJ. I'ln- Iowit hall ol tin- t.\\)\v \> siiniliar. Thi^s l.ilik' i> hiiDn Ity four stroiiK ''"<>" '•riii'« ii'id is Id-Id riniily against a himipinn I»Iim k hv a [luwirlul ".prill},', with a liililc I am llif lalili' is pusluij inrward aliuiit oin' im h to lie pnssid bark liy ihr spniiji wluii Irtc of c am, trom 1X0 to j.jo times 1 miiiutf. i'lu' jar Datm.illy sittlcs till luaw p^lll^^ tlu' ligliiir s.iiid pa-.siii^ oil with till' watiT. Any strayiiiK pirtilates, a very we.ik solution ofcy.iiiide of pol.issjum may be used to remine any o\ide ofc(i|)pcr, but on no account should ,1 pi. lie lietoii(iie(| by the niki.il hand. .1 piece orch.imois leather should .ilu,i\s Ik Used. 'I'he (|iiicksilvt'r in the ripples should be retorted once a month as retorted ([uicksilver has a greater at'tinitv for ihe fine particles of gol ! than that wliii h is charged and the gold produced iVoiu retorting w 11 rep.iys the cost .iiid troiibli-. The use of Sodium .\m.ilgam and Cy.mide is not to be (.•ncouraged. as both arc very dangerous to the plates, and (|iiicksilver, unless thoroughly understood, but a very small piece ol Sodium Amalgam say tlu.' si/e of a pea. may b" placed in each ripple once or twici' a week to livi.n up the (iiiicksilver. Samples of tailings should be dr.iwn e\crv hour, water and all, .md allowed to settle, and lire assays should determine the diiU' loss of gold per ton. .Ml details (jf .Vlillwork, such as siopages, length and cause, time (]uicksilver intodiiced to mort.-irs. spl-ciI of stimips, delivcrv of ore. etc., should he regularly en tered in the Mill bnnk. which ^Ir. '1 In- ^igmil .it end of shin b\- amalgamator. I! these del, Ills are necessary, in an lii. unary ottice, surely they should be attended to when a \ahiable mineral like gold is conceriud. It is not possible to enter into the (luestion of the various chemical [irocesses for treatment of concent r.iics in this paper, but I have found very effective results from simply grinding them to a hue slime, more especially if they have been spread out on tloors, and e.\|)ose(l to the action of the sun and weather for several months. If a little salt is addetl, the material kept constantly moist and turned over once a 10 ^lTV considcnihlc proportion of the wcL'k, (lfcoin|)osition is raiiidly affwtcd and a vi "old is lihrniti'd on treatment and is rapidly al)sorl>i.-d i)y (|uicksilvcr. In -rindinu, 1 hive found it advisahlu to add very liltlr water for some tune. NO that tlu^.iuicksilvcr may permeate the very thick mud in minute j^lolniles which however are nol in the lur'ni of lloured iiiereiirv ,ind \<> assist the process, 1 usually add a little salt, caustic soda and cvamde. and after grinding for three or four Injurs a stream of water is turned on and' carries off the slime to a percussion table, when pvrites not sut'ficientlv ground is retaiiieyphoned ,>{f, is ready for a fresh charge of concentrates say 5 or to i \vl. My object in dwelling on the coii