^^-^^Oc- ^^^ V ^ .^ IMAGE EVALUATION TEST TARGET (MT-3) ^-^^%^4i. 1.0 I.I ii^hli |2.5 2.2 u m us lU u IL25 i 1.4 6" 2.0 1.6 ^^/ / e- /f- Sciences Corporation 33 tviST .ma:n stmit WHSTIR,N.V. 143M (716) iri^soa ^ ^do CIHM/ICMH Microfiche Series. CIHIVI/ICMH Collection de microfiches. Canadian Inttituta for Historical Microreproductions / Institut Canadian de microraproductions historiquaa <\ #> Tachnical and Bibliographic Notes/Notes tachniques at bibiiographiquaa Thai toth Tha Instituta haa attamptad to obtain tha bast original copy availabia for filming. Faaturas of thia copy which may ba bibliographically uniqua. which may altar any of tha imagas in tha raproduction, or which may significantly changa tha usual mathod of filming, ara chackad balow. D D D D D n D D D D Colourad covara/ Couvartura da couiaur Covars damagad/ Couvartura andommagia Covars rastorad and/or laminatad/ Couvartura rastauria at/ou palliculAc Covar titia miasing/ La titra da couvartura manqua Colourad maps/ Cartas gtographiouas •n couiaur Colourad ink (i.a. othar than blua or black)/ Encra da couiaur (i.a. autra qua blaua ou noira) Colourad plataa and/or illuatrations/ Planchaa at/ou illustrations an couiaur Bound with othar mb*arial/ Rali* avac d'autras documants Tight binding may causa shadows or distortion along intarior margin/ La r« liura smrrie paut causar da I'ombra ou da la diatorsion la long da la mar j% int4Haura Blank laavas addad during rastoration may appaar within tha taxt. Whanavar possibia. thasa hava baan omittad from filming/ II sa paut qua cartainas pagas blanchas ajoutAas lors d'una rastauration apparaiasant dans la taxta. mais, lorsqua cala Atait possibia, caa pagaa n'ont paa «ti filmAas. L'Institut a microfilm* la maillaur exemplaira qu'il lui a iti possibia da sa procurar. Las details da cat axamplaira qui sont paut-itra uniquas du point da vua bibliographiqua, qui pauvant modifier una imaga raproduita. ou qui pauvant exigar una modification dans la mithoda normaia da filmage sont indiquis ci-dassous. D D D n n D D Colourad pagas/ Pagaa d9 couiaur Pagaa damagad/ Pagas andommagias Pagas rastorad and/or laminatad/ Pagas rastaurias at/ou palliculias Pagaa discolourad. stainad or fcxad/ Pagas dicolorias, tachatias ou piquies Pagas datachad/ Pagas ditachias Thai poas of til filmi Origi bagii thai slon, otha first sion, or ill r~lt Showthrough/ Transparanca Quality of print varias/ Qualiti inigala da I'imprassion Inciudas supplementary material/ Comprand du matiriel suppiimentaira Only edition available/ Seule Edition disponibie Pagaa wholly or partially obscured by errata slips, tissues, etc., have been refilmed to ensure the best possible image/ Lea pagas totalament ou partiellement obscurcies par un feuillei d 'errata, una pelure, etc., ont M filmies 6 nouveau da fa^on A obtanir la mailleure imaga possibia. Tha shall TINi whU Map diffa antii bagi right raqu n'letl Additionel comments:/ Commentaires supplAmantairas; Docket title p^e ii bound in at left page in book but filmed as first psge on f iche. This Item is filmed at tha reduction ratio checked below/ Ce document est fiim4k au taux da riduction indiquA ci-dassous. 10.x 14X 18X 22X 26X 30X ! 1 1 > 1 12X lex aox 24X 28X 32X Thd copy filmed h«re has been reproduced thanks to the generosity of: Bibliothdque nationale du Quebec L'execvt^laire film6 fut reprodult grAce A la gintrosit* de: Bibliothdque nationale du Qu6bec The Images appeering here are the best quality possible considering the condition and legibility of the original copy and in Iceeping with the filming contract specifications. Original copies in printed peper covers are filmed beginning with the front cover and ending on the last page with a printed or illustrated impres- sion, or the becic cover when appropriate. All other original copies are filmed beginning on the first page with e printed or illustrated impres- sion, and ending on the last page with a printed or illustrated Impression. The lest recorded frame on each microfiche shall contain the symbol -^(meaning "CON- TINUED"), or the symbol y (meaning "END"), whichever eppiies. Maps, plates, charts, etc., may be filmed at different reduction ratios. Those too large to be entirely included in one exposure are filmed beginning in the upper left hand corner, left to right and top to bottom, as msny frames es required. The following diagrams illustrate the n'lethod: Ler mages sulvantes ont 6t4 reproduites avec le pi! grand soin, compte tenu de la condition at de le netteti de Texempialre film6, et en conformity avec les conditions du contrat de filmege. Les exemplaires origlnaux dont la couverture en papier est imprimis sent fllmis en commenfant par le premier plat «t en terminant soit par la dernlAre page qui comporte une empreinte d'impression ou d'lllustratlon, soit par le second pist, selon le cas. Tous les autres exemplaires origlnaux sont filmAs en commenpant par la premldre page qui comporte une empreinte d'impression ou d'illustration et en terminant par la dernlAre page qui comporte une telle empreinte. Un des symboles suivants apparaftrs sur la derniere image de cheque microfiche, selon ie cas: le symbols — ► signifle "A SUIVRE", le symbols ^ signifie "FIN". Les certes, pisnches, tableeux, etc.. peuvent Atre filmis k des taux de riduction diff Arents. Lorsque le document est trop grand pour Atre reprodult en un seul ciichi, 11 est film* A partir de Wangle supirisur gauchs, de gauche A droite, et de heut en bas. en prenent le nombre d'Images nicessaire. Lss diagrammes suivants illustrent la mAthode. 1 2 3 1 2 3 4 S 6 est : ideo vcrhornm ohligat'o verbis ioUitnr niidi consensus ohhgatio, con- trario conseuau dis.solritur." 5. That if ilie facts stated in the deposition were to be taken as having been legally proved, they created no presumption that the Appellant in- tended to release the Respondents from the obligations entered into by them. 6. That if it were even admitted that such an intention existed in the mind of the Appellant, no consent to such release on the part of the Res- pondents appears to liave>been given, and the original contract remained Iherelbre in full force and virtue. 7. That there was no evidence to show that the road in question had in fact been accepted by tlie Commissioners. The Court below, however, by their final judgment maintained the Respondents' action and awarded them the conclusions of their decla- ration. — ^li is from this judgment that tlie present appeal is brought. Quebec, 20th July, 1819. ' ♦ II a I re ? I I n > pi 5 O > w O G > a: H w m ■I 00 ^ 5C r W O PROVINCE OF ^ iC LOWER-CANADA. 5 In Appeal. In a Cause Between JOSHUA WHITNEY, (^Defendant in the Court below,) Appellant, and CHARLES CARRIER, ANTOINE LADRIERE & FRANCOIS CARRIER, (^Plaintiff's in the Court below,) Responde\ts. The Appellant's Case, J HK Appellant, having entered into engagements with C'onuiiission- ers oflnternal Comnuinications, for the making and compleating of a considera- ble extent oftlio road commonly called ( raig's road, entered into sub contracts with a number of Individuals lor the making and compleating ofdiilerent por- tions of that road; amongst others he contracted with the present Respondent. The contract bears date the 2()tli August, I8I7, and by it they on their j)art promised and bound and obliged themselves jointly and severally to the Appel- lant, "de faire ct parfaire bienetdument lestravaux et chemins suivant, qui est dans le Comte de Buckingham, savoir : de reparer et faire dans la Scigneurie St. Ciil(?s, et de le commcnccr immi'diatement et faire les abattis ci aprcs im- mediatement ct netoyer les chomins demanif re que les slays puissent y parser aux premier neigcs, savoir: de reparer et faire deux lieux de clicmin a prendre de la tcrre de Jolin Looton, situe snsdite Siegneurie St. Giles, ;i aller jusqu'au conmiencement de la troisieme lieue, ct de faire les dits deux lioux dechemin do manicre et de largeur siiivante, c'est-ti dire, de metlrc le dit cheinin dodix-Iiuit pieds de largeur })our Ic loiilage des voitures, de couper les souches a ras terre, ajiplanir tontes les buttes v{ imgalites, m'toyer I.' dit chemin de toutes picnes, bois ct autres embarras do r. anicrc que les voitiiics puissent y passer avec ais- ance et svirete, faire des poms solides et din-abli s sur tout h.'s riiisseaux et coui> d'oaux rpii so rencontreront .iansK- dit chemin sirs menfiomie. de iaire di's jinnts dc" pieces sur pieces sur tout iesdits ruisseaux on cours d oauxou des lainbouides de trente pietls atteindro t d uii cote a 1 autre de tels ruissi'aux o-i coursdoaiix. et d'tlever tels ponts a troiv pieds au moms au ii'ssus de hi niavjue i!e la Iia.te eau. De paver le dit chemin partoutou Ic dit Joshua Whitiioy le jiiL^iia (jiii;.- roit, apropos apres I'avis des C'ommissaires, avec des pieces de bois coiiVL-iiablcs ou de bois ronds et sains, pourvu qu'ils soient bien joints ct (pii n aiiiont p:;s moinsdequinze pieds de largeur, faire chaque cote ihi dit {iieinu) uiie fiss' d',' trois pieds de largeur sur la profbndeur necessuire ;, I'ecoulement des raux )>ar tout ou le dit .loshua Whitney le jugera (jugeroit) apropos apres I'avis di' ^ Com- nnssairc-i o* d^tondrr !v- tii re? des dits fbssts mv le dil clieuiin, et !e :!it j;avc ou il s'en trouveia (trouveroit) ct les souclies coupees a ras terre comnie ci-dcsstis. 1A\ " En outre de faire de cliaqiie cotd ct en dcliors des dits fosses un abattis de dix-huit picds tout le long du dit cliemin, de m»nicie que roiiverture cUi clie- Tum ave cut) soixante pieds de largein* et que par ce moyen le soleilet I'air puis- sent (pussent) mieux contribuera assecherles dits cliemins, lesquels ditsouvrages doivent (devoient) etre fails et parfaits aux termes et dclai suivant, savoir: de ce jour au trenteme jour d'Aout de IVinnce alors prochaine." In consideration of all which engagements entered into by the Uespoudents, the Appellant promised to pay the Respondents £*I00 for each of the said two leagues, of which a sum of £50 was advanced at the time of the execution of the contract, and the balance was to be paid to the Respondents " aussitot que les ouvrages susmentionncs auront (auroient) etre livr^s, faits et parfaits et dument re^u par le dit Joshua Whitney ou par des experts, si les parties sus nom- m6s ne s'accordoient pas et pourvu qu'it soit approuve par les Commissaires." DifTerenceshaving arisen between these parties respecting the manner in which the Respondents had accomplished their engagements, in January last an action was brought by the Respondents against the Appellant founded on the above recited contract. The Respond! ents in the declaration filed in this cause, after stating the con- contract, proceed to aver, " qu'ils ont entierement accomplis le dit acte de leur part et ont fait parfait et livrc au dit Joshua WJiitney, et qu*il a re9U les dits ou- vrages, mais na encore paye aux Demandeurs surla s sommede £150 a eux du pous balance du prix des dits ouvrages que la somme de cent livres courant tel- lement qu'il leur doit £50 pour balance final du dit prix. The Respondent^proceeded exparte. On the ytli of April last the cause was inscribed on the roll of enquetes for the adduction of evidence exparte. On the 12th of the same month the Respondents entered upon their enquete and exa- mined five witnesses. The first witness states that he worked with one of the Respondents upon 7 arpents of the road, which is not quHc J,d of the whole ; that these 7 arpents were completed, that the interval between them and Looten's farm (the extent of which interval is not stated,) was nearly compleated, " qu'il ne lui manquat plus alors pour etre finis tels que les susdits 7 arpents que d'Atre ap- planchi." The second witness Joseph Gagnon says, " j'ai entendu la deposition du pre- mier t^moin Joseph Dubois, et je n'ai a dire de plus siuon que le Dcfen- deur a donne troissemaines a compter du trente d'Aout dernier pour parachever le chemin en question.*' Jean Baptiste Gagnon,the third witness.says ," j ai vu le chemain en question a partir de la terre de Mr. John Looten aller jusqu'au bout de deux lieues. 11 etoit de vingt-quatre pieds de largeur pour le roulage et etoit si bien applani que j'ai vu Mr. "Whitney et Lelievre le Notaire passer on calechc depuis la terre de Mr. John Looten, mcntiennce en la declaration des ijcmandeurs files en cette cause, k allerjusqu'j'.u bout dc dieux lieues. 11 j)ouvoity avoir quand je I'ai vu envi- ron un quart de lieue dc chemin qui n'etoit pas tout afaitaussi bien applanequu le reste ; ce n'otoit pas un quart de lieue de suite, mais pvs dilierens endioitsci; pouvoit former un quart de lieue — Quand je I'ai vu ce pouvoit etre quinze jours ou trois senvaines aprcs lo niois d'Aout." The fourth witness Jean Turgcon, states, " that he travelled over a part of the road in the month of October, when there was a foot of snow, and as far as he was able judge of a road which he could not see, is of opinion that the road was •• bien roulant ct trcs bien applani." The 5th Witness, Augustin Go?selin, slates that he also passed this road in liie same nioiitli of October, he says thai the road was then " bien " tini, car J'ai vu passer des Chareltes dedans. 11 a> yit vingt-qnatre piedr^ *' de roulajje el fosses 4i bcsoiu. It bicii It was impossible to look over this evidence williout perceiving that it -ivas altogether insufficient to support the averment contamed in the Res- pondents' declaration. It furnished noproof of the making of the Abattis, norof the making of the necessary Bridges, nor of the various works detailed m the Contract The evidence of the second witness, proves directly that the work was not completed on the ITHh of September, whereas it was to have been com- plcted 1.1 flays previous, viz: the 30th of August. Until the work was completed, the Appellant could not claim from the Commissioners the price thereof, he therefore had wisely bound himself to nav the Respondent only after the completion of the work. But to en- able the Appellant lo receive from tiie Commissioners the price which he had stipulated, not only was it necessary that the work should be complet- ed but also that it should be accepted by the Commissioners. He accor- dingly in this as in the other contracts, entered into by him, relative to the saine object, binds himself to pay only after the ivorJc is accepted by the Commissioners. This in Law, was a condition precedent, and like every condition, was to be literally and entirely accomplished before any action accrued.CZWt. vbl. No. 21,50 After the enqnete had been thus completed, the Respondents, contrary to the very letter of the rules and orders of the Court below (Sect. 8 § 9.) proceeded to examine on the 14th of April, another witness, who, as ap- pears by the Subpoena filed in the cause, had not been summoned to attend —a Mr Laforce— Mr. Laforce states that he examined the road in ques- tion about the lOlh of November, 1818— qu'il a trouve ces deux lieues de chemin o-eneralement bien fait, a I'exception de quelques parties peu con- siderables qui ont ete indique's an Defendeur par ordre des Commissaires pour 1*^3 Communications Interieures du Conite de Dorchester, comme devant etre paracheve's et as.^eches, sur cela le Defendeur poureviterdis- ait-ildes frais aux Demandeurs. II arrangea avec d'autres hommes pour fiiiir ces ouvragcs, &c. Upon this additional testimony it was contended in the Court below by the Appellant, 1. That it had been irregularlv put upon the files, the enqitcte liaving been closed two days previous thereto, that the admission of evidence after an enquete was closed was of dangerous tendency, as calculated to facilitate and encourage perjury, and was in direct opposition to the rules and orders of the Court below itself. 2. That it was the testimony of one witness only, and to consider it as legal evidence of the facts which it contained, would be to violate one of the best settled and most unbendhigof the rules of the law of the country.^ "■-Units testis nullus testis, etiamsi pra:rlarK cnrite honore prtrfulgeat. ."3. That this deposition if it proved any thing, went to show that the Appellant had released the Respondents hom tlie obligation which they had contracted to make and complete the road, and that there was no al- le<'ation in the Respondents' declaration of such a release to which this ev'idence would apply, and that it was ultra et contra allegata, and there- fore inadmissible. 4. That if the declaration had contained any allegation of this pretend- ed release, parole evidence thereof would not have been admissible, the obligations of the Respondents having arisen out of a notarial ^''»t'[J\^'' could onlv be released bv an instrument of equal authenticity.—" Ni/ut tarn nuiurale est, avani eo genere qmdqxie dissolvere quo colhguUim. est :