IMAGE EVALUATION
TEST TARGET (MT-3)
1.0
I.I
M
zo
1.8
1.25
1.4
1.6
.4 6" —
^ ►
V]
^
/a
7
^7 >.
't
o
7
w
Photographic
Sdences
Corporation
23 WEST MAIN STREET
WEBSTER, NY. 14580
(716) 872-4503
tA
^^
CIHM/ICMH
Microfiche
CIHIVI/ICMH
Collection de
microfiches.
Canadian Institute for Historical Microreproductions / Institut Canadian de microreproductions historiques
Technical and Bibliographic Notes/Notes techniques et bibliographiques
The Institute has attempted to obtain the best
original copy available for filming. Features of this
copy which may be bibliographically unique,
which may alter any of the images in the
reproduction, or which may significantly change
the usual method of filming, are checked below.
L'Institut a microfilm^ le meilleur exemplaire
qu'il lui a 6t6 possible de se procurer. Les details
de cet exemplaire qui sont peut-dtre uniques du
point de vue bibliographique, qui peuvent modifier
une image reproduite, ou qui peuvent exiger une
modification dans la mdthode normale de filmage
sont indiqu6s ci-dessous.
y/
n
n
Coloured covers/
Couverture de couleur
□ Covers damaged/
Couverture endommag^e
□ Covers restored and/or laminated/
Couverture restaurde et/ou pellicul6e
□ Cover title missing/
Le titre de couverture manque
□ Coloured maps/
Cartes gdographiques en couleur
□ Coloured ink (i.e. other than blue or black)/
Encre de couleur (i.e. autre que bleue ou noire)
Coloured plates and/or illustrations/
Planches et/ou illustrations en couleur
Bound with other material/
Relid avec d'autres documents
Tight binding may cause shadows or distortion
along interior margin/
Lareliure serree peut causer de I'ombre ou de la
distortion le long de la marge intdrieure
Blank leaves added during restoration may
appear within the text. Whenever possible, these
have been omitted from filming/
II se peut que certaines pages blanches ajoutdes
lors d'une restauration apparaissent dans le texte,
mais, lorsque cela dtait possible, ces pages n'ont
pas 6X6 filmdes.
I I Coloured pages/
D
v/
V/
D
1/
□
Pages de couleur
Pages damaged/
Pages endommagSes
Pages restored and/or laminated/
Pages restaur^es et/ou pelliculdes
Pages discoloured, stained or foxed/
Pages ddcolor^es, tachet^es ou piqu^es
Pages detached/
Pages d^tach^es
Showthrough/
Transparence
I I Quality of print varies/
Quality indgale de I'impression
Includes supplementary material/
Comprend du matdriel supplementaire
Only edition available/
Seule Edition disponible
Pages wholly or partially obscured by errata
slips, tissues, etc., have b<^en refilmed to
ensure the best possible image/
Les pages totalement ou partiellement
obscurcies par un feuillet d'errata, une pelure,
etc., ont 6t6 filmdes d nouveau de fapon d
obtenir la meilleure image possible.
D
Additional comments:/
Commentaires suppl^mentaires:
This item is filmed at the reduction ratio checked below/
Ce document est filmd au taux de reduction indiqud ci-dessous.
10X
14X
18X
22X
26X
30X
y
12X
16X
20X
24X
28X
32X
plaire
es details
ijques du
mt modifier
ixiger une
de filmage
The copy filmed here has been reproduced thanks
to the generosity of:
Library of the Public
Archives of Canada
The images appearing here are the best quality
possible considering the condition and legibility
of the original copy and in keeping with the
filming contract specifications.
L'exemplaire film6 fut reproduit grAce d la
g6n6rosit6 de:
La bibliothdque des Archives
publiques du Canada
Les images suivantes ont 6td ruproduites avec le
plus grand soin, compte tenu de la condition et
de la nettetd de l'exemplaire film6, et en
conformity avec les conditions du contrat de
filmage.
5d/
qu^es
Original copies in printed paper covers are filmed
beginning with the front cover and ending on
the last page with a printed or illustrated impres-
sion, or the back cover when appropriate. All
other original copies are filmed beginning on the
first page with a printed or illustrated impres-
sion, and ending on the last page with a printed
or illustrated impression.
Les exemplaires originaux dont la couverture en
papier est imprimis sont filmds en commen^ant
par le premier plat et en terminant soit par la
dernidre page qui comoorte une empreinte
d'impression ou d'illustration, soit par le second
plat, selon le cas. Tous les autres exemplaires
originaux sont filmis en commenpant par la
premidre page qui comporte une empreinte
d'impression ou d'illustration et en terminant par
la dernidre page qui comporte une telle
empreinte.
The last recorded frame on each microfiche
shall contain the symbol ^^ (meaning "CON-
TINUED"), or the symbol V (meaning "END"),
whichever applies.
Un des symboles suivants apparaitra sur la
dernidre image de cheque microfiche, selon le
cas: le symbole — ^- signifie "A SUIVRE", le
symbole V signifie "FIN".
taire
Maps, plates, charts, etc., may be filmed at
different reduction ratios. Those too large to be
entirely included in one exposure are filmed
beginning in the upper left hand corner, left to
right and top to bottom, as many frames as
required. The following diagrams illustrate the
method:
Les cartes, planches, table&ux, etc., peuvent dtre
film6s d des taux de reduction diff6rents.
Lorsque le document est trop grand pour dtre
reproduit en un seul clichii, il est filmd d partir
de Tangle supdrieur gauche, de gauche d droite,
et de haut en bas, en prenant le nombre
d'images nicessaire. Les diagrammes suivants
illustrent la mdthode.
by errata
med to
nent
une pelure,
fapon d
1
2
3
32X
1
2
3
4
S
6
.i»>l-.j1^<'^"ki'aO<VS<X>»J<»Ufa»i<*^<<<<rtW<ivVW M » i « V OT>ir1>»<li »- »>«l » '> | -
'W«1llttMm.n>*.»
M-.tU»JU™iU»«.m«JW«F.»»l.K-»nj.W>»W»^»JT/»)«>1W)»I»>«»S)0.>|l^^
^
•-:%■ tj^'
V, :('''::i...
,1-
.,,".... ■■*
-'
"■%'(l'
■*'
' 4
■i
■-^ '""^
I. .,
i «J I ' Sit ):'
•■ ^ ' !
■>■• \f.
^ .-■».,<;■.
' . I ■
A View prom the I'latkorm,
LOOKINO DOWN' THE St. Law-
WNCE, F-nOM THK CiTADEL
QPBREC.
A Skotch by
H R. H. the Pfin(.'«Mi» Lottit*
( \ .
N
!jl<' to pi'!;
tlie D>>mi:
coti'litioiH
■jii'nppolri
wiMiir CO'
It Sicciimc
.«ftof rirci
midiirk : '
ClUKulil, T
r >ul(l phi,'
liowovf-r,
my endea\
may be n
Tl)e \
;\ gnmp a-
pervsorl on *
hopes of n
'>y tJie ofli
!ory, ridt
A- \\i
illc .'^Oil.
'^at,j),(la, ii
I'fcri iiiafi
A VIEW Al QUEBEC.
L Emigrati
JiH
o
lADA
•<«<»•
ft
wa-^ \vi
th
Mil iiMinni'v
pH^;i.- iiT'
I 1-
lifi
(1
?>i'' to }>ny .'liiotlior vi^it t'l 0;ui;i(!;i iliir'iij- tlu' aiUiMini "t' \
iTii ii;y vih'tUii'ii :.rraii;i('tn(iUs {K'r!;Htt.O({
?.3I T
iiTo
it norti
lintjl)
K'Hircii!-' o! exif'tmiug jnv ficqu iinta'ic.'' ^,111 iiu (■afiiihiuiu:- ot iliitirtnt portions of
tlio Dominion, ami more . specially -o u? i •Mjtf'n.Hinc'l the hope of pointin.L' out tho
■TOti'iitioiia whicli leii to pros(»crily an! «iio.",e-4n on tiie one haui, or which resulted in
ilisiippolnttnent ami lo-s on the otliev. Vy previous obflervatioh^ had led me to the
floiiclusion tliat Ly t)ie ex'ercipe ot'e;i>cyi judgntPiit and conuvioti sruRf, a sncc ^.s was
withip coTnmarid, hut the rnt)rc I '>;i\v '>{' >he details of colonial life, the more clear did
H (lecorne that \ei'y faw secr(red (he greate-it alvaiitases obtainaiile under an\' {?iven
«et of eircnmstances. In fact, the r^ettler in reluMiig hi'^ or her experience would often
rri'uirk : "If wilh tlie exp'MJert.'.o I have now f.;a:i)<>(1 f luel to couie over an'I settle iri
i'anada, r (iould =ave inysrlf nmch trouble and mucii needi'^na expenditure, .and I
' Mild place mvelf in a far better position for futtire 'success tha'i I have drifted into.
However, wo ?lia
II -ret
on
. 1' .
dl rii.'ht witii all the mistakes we have made." It will ha
m
y endeavour to draw attenti<vi to .=onie of the«e experience'^, in ilie hope tiiat th^'v
mav be useful to otli'^r.s in pecnr'n^ inore C'mfovt and even, irreater vjcccsp
The voyage acroi^'? the Atlantic i.s thoiOU'h
t: ! ) i>
•yable ; 1 formed one of as merr\
a group as It was ever vvitlim my expei
ience to ira\el with. Whe
n our par
tv di
persed on our arrival in Canada, it was with fe-^liuiTH of sincere rei;ret and with n.ariv
lopes of renewi
d
-.-OCiatlnli.
r
atti
li the othcial
rispi
•clion (if the ve.-vse'.
•y the otii .^T apju'intod by the Hoard .d' Trade
ory, not onlv for t'
I. as
w saloon passen.
'ent'ers. ot whom sjiecial care
t-.kei
hen evr-ry jietuil w.-h foun I saiist'ac-
al^o iM' till' intermediate and 3teerai'e
ue
pass throusrii tii
!(i\ inces (
f Q
ueoec ani|
Ont
arm we siion detect evi-
dences of cemtinued prosp,('ii:y amons.rst all cla^.ses connected with the cultivation of
dh foil, r have already detailed at isoiue lenfrili the agricullurrd capabilitie?; of
' 'ai.ada, and 1 am pleased to say that my earlier • bservations on the.-e matter* l)a^•e
been niateriallv contirmed Iv mv pcent visii. Here we have a larire nun.ber of
_2 -
well ici'liiimfii t'iirin<< witli u'0"tl n'-*i'it.'iic('.s, wliioli in iicuiv i u.-cs rival tlio.-jc s«'Oii in
Eii'^laii'i aii.l Sc(.t!aii(l. Maii;- of fin -c aiv tWr i^alc ■u tlit |.:'c<(Mt tiiiif, bconu.-e llicir
uwhfiv wisli to take np lU'w iunl-" .iml improvi; llii-rii fur llicir u'ruwii-uj.) t'aiiiiliori to
8<'ttlc lip' 111.
Ill liuiiiiltoii — wliioh Jiiay be lak.ii iiH on cNainpIo of utlicr Ifiiyc to\vii.-< in
Ontario-- wo lia\e largi' luitnufu turir- wliicli an' iiiitiiiiiHy associat^'tl witli n^ni ;ultu- .
ra'i iiuliistric.-. Aiiioiij-'-t tln'sc, tlio laii;!' baoon factories takf an important position.
1 -i.-itt'il the works of Me-rirs F. W. Foarniuii and Co, and I aiu pk'asfd to sav tbat
tlic arran;j:i'nit.'iils fiT presfrviiii,' llic cKanlinfs.- of the pnnu-frt, und tbt." j)urity of
at' osplita' ar<> 1110:^1 (>..nipl« If in tjioir cbaructcr. Trie .mh difllciilty tbcy appear
to have ti' conliMid u'itli, is in j/cUiiiL' a 8i;tliclfril nunibt.'rof iiai.'on lidirvi to mot't tli;'
demands (.fan incri'iisin'; trado. Tlicy I'utiKl easily purehaso ."iO,()00 more bacon lioijs
aiiiiuali\-, if tlicy cniild ,<:;ft tlieiii reared and iattencd in tlie iiei^'hb'nirliood. Altboiigh
lliis IS admitted to I'e a very prolUalile iiraneh of work, -Alien carried out inodenitely,
sa\- ")'i til 'jO hoL's aniHially", frciii an average -ii/e farm, ibe ^upply is not fortLicomiiig
to nut t tlie diinaiids. Anotiier V( ry interestiiiu' aiel imi"'Hniit mannfaeture is tliat
<,if preserving veL'eltiMes und fruit. " 1 inspected the Ontario Citntiing CompanyV
workii in Ilaiuilion, an.' was gieatly pleased with t|ic superii.r processen adnptod for
tiie preservatidii of tliese vegetable prodll(•t^, wliicii realty rank as (.lelicaoic- in other
ooniitrios in/| e.jnally favoured in re.-pect of soil and (■livnafe. I wa8 indebti'd to the
Mavor ' Tonnitn tor a verv satisfactory visit lo the itiiplenient works of Me^srn.
Sawyer ;'.nd Co. K.\treme siuipli','it.y of construction, as al.-<o ,-trength combined with
lightness of wei'_dii ; tiiese pt)int.s of character arc very completely i«lendtd in rhe ini-
plementa made by this tirm, as well as throughout Canada.
On 'caching Tomnto, I proceeded to tlic N'ortli-Wcst by the Lalce route, and my
(ii'st vi^it ■li' in^|iectioii w a'- p.iid to
TIIK liiAA, KAllM.
lb)\vo"r impre.ssut^ a visit, t.j this farm may be to a stranger, I am free to
ounfos- tlia! ii-i magnituih' impivsses ihe mind still more fully during subsequent
inspections. It i^ very dilHcult to reali^ie cleai ly in the mind what it is to drive for
twenty miles through erop.s of wlieat, oats, and tl i.k, extending as far as Iho eye can
vi iich". One piece of wheat we Ciirefully examined measured 1500 acrea. It had been
sown in two dayn, and at the time of my visit much of it cirried tliirty-five bushels
per acre of n.agnificent wheat, wliicli under th(- bright Canadian fsiiii waved like a
golden sea. 'J'lie working power 0!i the faim oonsirited of 180 hoi'.ses and l.'^O men ;
these, witli o; sell-binding reapers, re])r(!.-;ented a j)ower to cut, bind, and trtock 80U
acres per day, each binder ending 16 acre.-j daily. This power is no arranged that
Within twelve ^hiyr, th" whole of the wlieat and oats cati be cut, and the spring .sowiiig"
of the wheat and oats was also arranged so that it could be completed m ten days.
It appears alni<'.-t fabiilou.s to talk 01 SOOor 1,000 acres of wiieat being sown on a
tiinglo d*y, and yet tliis only re])re-ents what was done on th;s farm in the spring of
188-1. Every tiirmer will see the great advantages wliicli nm.st result from the spring
sowing being prnnn.t'y coinnlelod. TIktc is one level start the growth i'? even
throiigliont, iiii'i I'ipening is liKely t<) follow ;vith equal regularity.
Wo drove nil! to see the hay-making arrangements, whicli were being carried on
whilst ihfy well' waiting for the corn to be ready for harvesting, and here we
found from 1.200 to 1,400 tons of liay being secured. Here, again, the work wa.s
simplicity It-elf, for the natural gras.s of certain tiarts of the unbroken prairie
having been cut by mowing machines, wa.s allowed lu lie on the surface — on the
a\eragt> four or five hours-— and then tlie horse rakes gatliered it for the men to
load on tiie waggons and send to the stack. In making the hcv-ricks. care wa.s
lOi^e M'Oii in
'cnuse their
t'ainilit'rt to
laUcn to sli!i|)0 (lie li)|. into ;i iMuf-likc fnnu, wliif.li wnuld ihrov, niKtlif r;ii'> Hitlumt
(In- oxpf'iisciof tliiitchm;,', A Hiimll Ui<» is ijoctisiuriiilly inftd'^ consc<|iiont upon dcfec*
tivc protrction, hut tliat lo*s i-i ntiwDnhv of cciiHiilfTutinn iti ciotiiji.ai'i-'on with tho
liir^<' rxpci.ililiiro I'or lliiUi'.liiiij:;, wliich i> uvoicicvl.
i»(' t()\Vll.-« 111
li i\'^v\ ;ult>i- .
iiiit position,
to Hiiv that
II' purity <'t'
thi-v iipp'Uir
to inoot tl>o
t' bac<»ii lioi^s
. Altliougli
modenUoly,
t'orthcoining
rtUIV IS lllili
; CunipaiiyV
I iV'loplfd for
10 i*'- in other
ieblcil to I he
s of Mos'HrH.
)ii)bim'd with
id ill fho iin-
uiilc, uinl my
, I Hill freo to
g s\il).7i'qiioi)t
to drive for
iho eye can
It had been
-live hnshels
waved like a
ui'l i;^0 men ;
nd etock 800
arranged that
Bprmg sowing'
m t<'n day.s.
ig sown on a
n tlie spriiij^ of
'roni the spring
;rowth is even
eing carried on
:, atid here we
the work was
broken prairie
urface. — on the
'.)r tlie men to
•ieks, care was
III the re'^'iihitioi' ot ihisgrciu nil ler'ukin<_', there i- a rl)i;id disciiiline oh.-erved.
An order be.ng f?iv"n, it mn-'t be perforineil, for its nejrleel entails disniis-aL Without
this— ahnost militarv — rr<.'Mhirity, confusion would s<->oii rei^n, and i:;ood inanaurenient
would be an iiiipossiltility. Major I'ell, tVon. day to day, iiinpeet ^ the operations
^oing on iiftoii the fann, and is now aided bv om.- ircneral IVireniau and four foremen
of seetions. At eiirbt o'elook in the evi-iiinir all iiather I > the tt'lephoiie, whioh
exiends from Major I'ldl's i-esidtnoe into eaeh of tin' four - M;ti<iiis of the farm. 'I'lii
orders are then given to each sectional foreman, in the. heiring of lh( oilier-'. Any
doubt is at Onee cleai'etl up, and all retire ;(> rest snli.sei'(uently with full instruction.s
'or the inorm^v. No eluiii'^e is pfrniittcd without authoritv from head'piar'.ers,
which, by the aid of tjio tcdephoncj is always obtainable, in case of necessity, by
'ii;rlit (jr d.iv.
The Coloni-'.ation scl einf, now bein^' carried OMit by Major Full, possesses one
Marked peculituity, lor •.hi'. area of rlie fai'in represents *)|,0()0 acres, or 100 square
miles, the wiiolc of wiiich lies within its own continuous bouiKhi-y. I'iiere is no
intervening^ hind, e.\i;< pt one square mile t^iven up for tb.r town of Iri'.lian ilead, tind
f-or Hie line of railwnv whieh passes throu.^h tlie centre of the farm. In May, IS82,
.\Iaj(.ir J3< 11 had free scope for the selection of this unbroken block of land, ft wivs
thi'U 200 miles from the nearest railway station, ft, is a i-urious fact, illustrative
of the rapid development of th.' ranudian North-West, tiiat his men ami team--, with
their various requirements for estabiishinjj; themselves on the selected lands, took
five weeks in journeying from Brandon to their dcstinatioim ; and vet within one
month of their arrival there. Major Hell went back to Winnipeg in a steeping car on
lb* Canadian Pacnfic Railway.
THi; Ql Al'PKIJ.K VAU.KY I, .WD,".
.Vfter completing inv inspe'itioii of the Ueli Farm. I (irooeeiled to sec iii(> latid.s
whicli arc as.sociated with tho lovely \allfy of the Qu'Appelle River. The ni.mo has
Tio doubt been givpn to it in conseipienco of its frecpient "echoes," and 'hi.-, reply,
qu'apiK'lle (who calls ?), Mifrgests the natiinil results of many an amusing incident.
(^)^ tho lirst day f drove through the fertile lauds east and north of the Bell Farm,
reaching Fort Qu'Appelle in Mie evening. We first passed through the Pheasant,
I'lains, wliich are remarkabk. for their productive powers and g-eat agricultura!
cipabilities. F visited here sone skilful ami enterprising farmers who had eonu' up
fr >m Ontario, ami who lu...i secured a well-deserved success. Messrs. McRae and
Williani'^'on had -elected jt fine (r,".ct of land, well adajited for mixed farming, and
here [on August 28ili, 1884,] tlie harvest was in full swing, and the average yield of
wheat was not less than 35 biish^'ls per acre, whilst on ."^OC acres there were fully 40
bushels per acre, 'i'his larr.er produce was in some measure due to the system of
iillage. M.ijor Rt II enusiders it tno'^t eiionomic I to break the prairie thin — say three
iaohes — iiiid leave the tm'f thus ploughed up exposed to the winter frost, so that it
an be shaken to pieces in the spring by the ai;itating harrow going before thesceder.
On the other hami the mor-^ usual [iractiee is t." " break " the land as already stated,
and after two or three mGiifh-^, when the turf appears to bo dead and ready to
'•rniiible, the turf and two or three inches of soil are " back-set" by the plough and
allowed to lie for the winter. Major Hell ajipears to admit tlie fact of this better
Mtltivation being often p- jferal'le, hit claims that it does not suit his arrangenient-s
ut the Hell Farm. In any case the more cotnplete tillage in ttio presort instance
Contributed to an earlier har\e~t and a larger produce per acre.
_ I -..
Sitiij li' I'l.i well irnmL" ' .'nmari"- liU'l >ii'i'ii fon'-lnirtt.'il ii|iuti Mc-'^rf. Mi'.lwii*
iup 1 \\ iliiiui ''Hi', linu-. Til' V AiT" ••I" II 'iti fV'< t I'lii^ hv 12 Icct in \\uM\ iifi'l 12
f.rt 10 th.'iuM'. li il.' r ■! (■ ri.M' \\ii<.i.i. i-i ililivcrril 'lin i t iVdrii tlir llirflniiu'
iiini'liimv- iiiic ' iiiu'i .'i' u\iMi| CM ii_-, '\ 'licli .lie iiiiuli; >iiiiii"iiiiiiei_v uii'.li r lln- rnl^r
'il'ilif iV'ot, ;m.(I 111 rr the wlnu /iiii;ii!i- iiit.l tiiisili) |nil mic .-lu kn fur miirki'f. Uii
tlifsc t:iui i'lM'i i' ^;.in" (%'.•■ il'iit '.'ii'./.iiiL' laii'l, itii<i ^ «ii'f ciitllr were iil).iiit In Ih>
i'Mr<-li;i»i il I t I'll t.' !i I r I ui'ii'i" ^. < '■. viinmriiii; ii~ l<' i|i' \\\n\ nl ^to^k nlii<-li luid
Irt'i'ii (liiciitiiiM .1 i,)Mi,i, I \v,i iin'.riiifl tliiil ••Miorilmriis wiTf- iifug lh)ii.i;lit, an
Hcnfi'ni vw :. (m.. .jivir di •■,,'i.-r.|ii"!ii'r (..|' tli- n l.(ii\j_' -o iiiicli in t'av.mr.'' 'J'h('H<-
Oirm.' :u iii"-i ''p'.!;! tliii lo tl.i ;r "W ii«>-, ln'iin; 'l!V;iii;^ui->iii''i hy ^cul iiiiuui^friivri'.
ami ili'ir |ii:'hl'. pi.Mii''t : v T' 'hIiIh u. N^ tar iVoni this liiii.| I pH-'^HC*! sdiiH-; very
i"flilc aili-iupt- ui • iitiv:.ti'Hi, liv II" li who li.iil cviilcnily .•■ccuri'il f'rc licinc^U'iKlH
fnm till' (ill 1 I iitiiiiii, I'll;, ImiI lic-iilicr (viiutiii m r .-kill i'» \MirK tlicin .-ntist'iiclcrilv.
Till' cnhtni'-l 'Ml- i'ii'l''''i| ilic iiiorc -iriki!!.^ hy i-.uiiipun-i'ti with ihc well i"illiv iitt'd
liu'iiis in'ir til' 111 I' \Mll .Mvc .-'.line iih'U :i- I" ihc nipi'lily wiili wliirji ih.' hiiclM nf
(111,- 'li'ti'i't .i!'( lil'Mi.' lip II i Mfiilii'ti fli;il ^I"'. M, WiLc iiit'.iriMi'd im- Ihut in the
.-iiiri»Mi'T I I ; • _' ' li''."" .'■•■i- ■' ii-'i'ly il )iiiii«o li ("• S'''ii Iri'Mi lii- farm, aiiil lli.il hi-
<;i'iii'i ii"'.\ • 'Kill "\t V ".ii'U It iiicMC'S.
Vi'r .l.'M'.i .I'l.!'! l;'i inllcH i' a Ili'Tll'. ',sr'-i"l'ly lil li'cl ii ili iiVri'lJiC i M)Oa.«ant, l^hiillH.
M'he-' liiiMi- li:i\ '• a i"i''ly iin.li.ila'iiiK ili.u-arl.T Tlit-y .an (HTa-'iMiiil!ly rdiovi'il hy
fiiiai! iialnii' pia'iiuii.iii- , Kimwh a- 'iiilfj, .vitli :iiia!i lak-s, aii'l tlu' .'■'Oil \''ry
;:>n(M.'ill\' p'l--' ■-'■- ,ill !iir Di'lfati'iii- tii'i^ii'at I'l'i'tilii', . Wf tiif'ii ili'.^cciiiied \>y a
>U»(|; riia'i t" ill I'in'a-ant t'lv-ck. aiMr \", Inch " '■ j.arl'.n'k c*' iuiu.'hi'uM in oni' of tli(j-<f;
tiesmtirnl littl' \.'illi'\.- \vli:.:ii hail ^h-vii lu tin- i)ii'App'-Mr l\ii r Siirroniiiifil im wt?
wi'i'i' dy til!.- I" v'lv •■.•.•nc;''. , 'A ■• ." -i M '\i,\ I'ail ;i> a?iliii|al( Oic lime \vlh'i\ itn iidW
r.niDj ''(.•!(■ .-"iitU'i" -!,"iil.l ."VI' piaia- f'j liiiiuau -k''l ai '! lani -i. i. k would h" inakirii;
.'^Odd a-' ' f till.' Iaviiriai.it '.:ru-.-.i v. In li yea" hy yt-'.P' i^rc.v- i nly I" ji'ld !>o!inty '"> the
riooiic aii'i tlifii iii.'il.r. i-,.ijin till Ih- ■;ruwt'i .■! aiiut '"i' y t: . ,\rti''' a short, intcrvti!
Kullirii'iii f' :r .'In' ii'.<t Hiici i-i !Vi.-.(U'i''iii 'fiin pai't_\. \.i.' '.\"rk''il "iir way up t,h' hill
HJit-, aii'l ■■.numiril out cniw-' i/f ai.'.iil I'v'ii niih - nvri' aii'iituT takiic-Iaii'l district,
vcia -lU'il.i' "' ''hai'.ii'lc!' 'i.> ihc! '. ra\ '"-.i.'il 'iiiriiiL' th.' aii'i'ii'ii.'. 'I'lic fiitire di:-tilii(;e
dC lif) iiii/f- . la'i. Ini'.\t'\ (•' , ti( I'd .lri\ (-1 I h, I i.hi'j:!! till' laM': • \', hicjj li:.'l liccii ''ciccti'd mid
jiiir'ha-'.d l\ th ■ (.'nia'a" ai,'l Qu' .\pp''il(' I, an! (.'"inpaiis r«''' rul; riii'.at.iou purpo.-ii.'.s.
Ill -Il I ri'U. ain;^' t!(c cd^" "t" tiii'- r.^'i-n-ivo tahlc lai ■!, ili'.' Qu'Appf.dle Fi.-liiMi>;
[jaK'V-! f.iiwv im,'. >ij,'ii, and a- ;h"\ i xlfuii inr .; '.Ii^taui:' vf fibuiit 2o Jnilc-', they
added I'm -h hfaul v lu th'- •-ct.iii' W '• dr )Vi' dawn t'l th'- .- I'tc d' the lakes and called
ai ihf liuinaij (.'atii'ilic Mis.sion, .Uri wcr^ ;. 'I'uiuUy wch/ciiicd hy the Rev. FatlicT La
JJri't! and hi.-, cuil'-aL'ncs. Fur i poii" i i t ten yea!> tlu-. llli^-'oll ha;-' been rnj^a^oii
ill it.-^ work arn.'iig.-t the v.-iri'.'i- Iii'liui li'ibcs, and uiulu t n.ihii di^coiiraj^'i'inenl tln'y
have imhly jn-r.-rw-r.-il in ({T,,- '^-m 'i v,')rk. The jjiai'din around the iiUHriion hearri
.sileijl l< .stimi'uy lo th'' prod i' tn i' chiu-K-icr of the soil, and the favourable cliiuato of
the 'listrirl. M\ lian'l, Mr. Adam li'i'vn, of HatiiiUon, Ontario, wlio vi.sited this
nii.-.siuii ill lb-^2, I' pert' 'i a-- ;./lluv. -; " We found here a i;anien alorned with flower.-'
whieli W'./iiM di- hi in'Ur i'l any p.inl"'i in Onlariu. 1 hiirrie'lly made a boannet of at
lea.-.L taei t>, \ -ii-icti'-.- Tlien' wire .^lowin^' in the i^arden, cabbages, toiiiatoes,
Ciiciunher,-, lu-aa.-, i,a ;'',t-, l'(-"(., v'i.:'iii-, \ eicetubic uia rr(>w •, caulitloworf^, &c., all of
which Wire .-^1' tiiu- .-i- !(■ li-'d .-oiMe ji' u.- t a .-.ay that, tiiey were as if grown for an
ugricultiira] r how .' i aii p!t,'a.<ed i" 'iiU'te tliis -laieinent, wliich accuraiely des-
<;r;hes the c-.i-ndiiions a-^ I niuied tiiem ai, tin- time of lay vinit. Very near to tlie
in;s-^Ion the (ioveriiincnt a".' bnildin'-an Iii'lr.- ^ri.-il i^'ch'X'l for the education of .souic
of the children of .hi liriian-s and thee i- "very ";N'i'^on to believe that excellent
re.-?ii!tH will foil. iw thi,-* priidcn* nea.-iurc. Continuing' our journey round the lakes
we .s.jou reached ['''Jji (^i",\pi;eii", and wer(;pleased to end an agreeable journey by
8topp,ing at the '.'Oiuforii- ih. h, .te' h;.'[)t by M'!<sr>j. Joyner near the Fort.
♦ >ii tlic f.illuwiti;.' •! nriiiii,r 1 ii<'liiiiii!i"i| to (Irivi'thr 111;/!! ilic ilif<lri';t !;> uijj; iiurtli
<( Fort (JirA|»|i(Ile, ikwuhIh t|)»' 'J'om.liwii "I llillh. On k'uvini; llic Ko'rt wl' wooii
"I I' from oiu ot till' viiil''_\ lu H iMiijjnilii'crit tubli'-hviiil wliicli slrclrhf-* nwny to tli"
iiortli lhi()HL,'li llic liiii'l-* licli>M;;;n!.i; tu ihc T(Mi''liwo'iii-(,)vrAji|)«ll(' Liiml (.'umpiiii^y.
I 1 :iii i)('('ii pr<'|iar('il Jicf'uri liiiini 'ooxin'Cl lo liiid inin'.h i^uixl luinJ in tliiH <lin I'livwi,
liii'l tliiH ].)nl.|i'; icHini'inv, I foumi, \v!i.'« al»iiiiiliintly jii:*tili'.'(.| liv iwA"*. Mili> Rt'inr
I'li'c, lidir aft'T liouf, tlnl uur drive i-xlt'iid thri»nt;lj liiruls wlii.;li li ^crv-'illy tiilio
lank Hinon^jHt lljc lic-it porlimi.s of ihih. I'Ttilc ilirttrict ot llu' QiTAiJix-llt Wediovi
t'jr ;i'»Mnt lliift V miles tluuU'^'li a ili.»lri( t wliicli mi!i.\ Ix; (I'.-.iitiIm'I as u j^ruiiii area >•!
'!• laincnliU lamh, lia\ iii!^ u ;,';()u 1 tint' and well adapti-d fur tiliat^i .md ini.xc I t'ariniir;
\V,' MiisM'd .^Miue I'nltivatil Ian l> and t'liiind tlu' crDjci cxcclltnl, even in,d"r ralluT
i»'i'>,'ii condition'^ of lillai^'c Tin Red l''vf' wlmui In-reaUo is rejranli'd uh tin- favorite
^al■lety, (indi-ii .-^unn' lield.-t the
•».;'•(• were not iijlVo(|M( nl. Tin
aluMi iiad I.een .^o in:|)< rf'i'.t.
le wep.. .;:> ImimIu'Ih jier acre, wlPit ..li ^nsln-
to tin
le-nli - were the nnjrc .-nviirr-in/ i<. me a^i the prepar-
'I'Ih \vi
enitivated varieties.
Id-fr
■d
nil of this district mdicntes its .■<\iitahi!ilv t\<r the .-uccrMstnl u'rowth
W'dd ^IniwUrries, i/.iose^err!
i'a
-picrrn
d.t'r
.'our
and iheiiies Were piodu'V'd in ahnndance. Tlie wild hop here jio.-n'-s h a <.
if i^ri)Wili, ;ui aliundanoe of h'dom and a lii;.'li ar^'tnu, winch lea.c little to jie
■\.
ired tor it-i pi'rl
fr.
/Will. ' '\ er hiPL'c 'urea
1th
.f tl
wna peiji were
o vuiij; trefly ainori.'-t tlie prairie j^ras-. -tren,L,'ltieniiiL' lin'
an
and Lrivrnt' ai
dit.
lonal
'iJce iif the fertil.tv ot tl
n\ T
ii-t district IS we
Slip
d w i'li water, fur not
• dv is it vei'v ''(in'rallv ohtainalde hv w(dl-\ hut nninercnis lak
eli-t-
dh-
lUl V I.J th>
an(i.-caj)e and at tht' -aio" tinn' inipiovi' the land- fnr jjrazmu purp
wa^ in\' ji
I'l V l!
•j^e, during' my .-(Lay at I'l^rl Qa'Apipelle, \<
I'tion yiven tn Sir Ifei'lir ljanL"vin, and
prese-il 'ai
ll.
H>inr
n'-cimen'-
lice were
llected
or. the purpose of .-how I n;^ liiin tne capaniliti
arm tiri
>i tl
I
■art
ic tuMi'tl-
lorhood. Wheal, ha-iev an"! oat- of vcr\- exce
Mil
inaiiii'M wurizi
and otiier !'oot cr..(|»s ]>
-.Sill'
'liarai;ter. ^ioine .splendio spei-iiuens ot
'acli were exhibited. 'I'hev had
ite li,-h
heen taken tV.nn li
■rs of which Fort Qu'AppeUe is situatei
diertnan al^ne hrouirht .ni alunit 5 < wt
!•:
acii
nn
1. (
laino ai.-o is
t- daily of
itifnl in the SLr-MUihiinir i
ualiiy weri- .^In'Wn, a-- wpll as
ll deiMity a!id high nutritivi'
i.''ii:ij K, 1) and <'\'en 10 pounds
:i>
at
llie
'Iv d
eiicioa- ii,-n
) jr-
ort, (■no
til
us
F'-oui Fort Qu'Appelle 1 accompanied Sir Hector J.angevin to thf' Fduelj, i'ar
111,
pro
belt
pe
rtv of (.
olune
iSkyes, and we in-ipocted S'Une uf the i'npriivements vrhlfdi
tre belli'' carried out cm that lami. Tin. re were about I, ()()() a'Tc-i under wheat an i
.100 acres und(
iiU-S
ale
Ilt'Kt
asoM i
t is intended to <iouhle t.hf! extent under cro
The land bolon^'irnr to (Colonel Skve-^ extends over ahoiit 20,001' acres, hut it is not in
"Di" block, every alternate s-ecrion of KIO acres beim; Oovernmeiit land, whii.di I'.as
I een taken up by \arions settlers. It is tlio intention of the proprii tor tu improve
ihis 20,000 acre area, and disjiose of tiic same in farms of various size.-. Tin.' tillage
■jf the land wa.s connnenced by the a.id tif stoaiu cultivation, but during this sntniner
leen done by cattle arid horses instead of eieain, and the vvurk
economicallv a.-'d Ix'tier done. The ireneral scheme i.s not as
liie
)reaKintr
has 1
lonf^equently more
vet sulV
mate measure uf suece.s.s
icently devel'^ped for any satisfactory conciusunn
to be drawn as to the ulti-
ikely t
result frotn the us( u*' stcani cultivalii.>n
■lit, aH
vet, I liave not seen any .snliicient indn<onient tvi <:on'mend tlie nse of su-ani appli-.
ance.s for the early tillages, and especially m a district where coal is at present dear
From this farm we jirocecded tu Qu'Appeilc, wliicii i.s already .an important
fown un the Canadian J'acilic iiailroad, and the centre of 'a nourishing agricultural
di.s'tricl. This town is sometinit.s know n aa Troy, but tliere is sin:h a string fediug
fi —
111 i'll\ (> '"(' (III' IlilllH"
ii'iiii.' ,'iv. II iiji. Ki Tt »jirA|>|
».>>ii".\|.| {'lit. lliiit llitTc u|)}»<'i\i'^ liitlc |.ri.li.il» illy 'if tli<' miiiK*
will, w
l.i.-l
I lifM iilnMit l\\( I'tv inilf'
111 tl)f ni.'ftli
I an
Liiu'li-i'l 'lii-'i':ui.i . hiiviPf,' l'>" II 111 ii.>|«'rliiiit tiMdinj; -tiiti. im.i ilic Jl'i.hiMi"-' Hay
I tlniiliv it liu-i lifc.imc a Hfdtral |M>inl to svliicli
i. Tlio iipi'iiiiiL: < I r|i.' Nnitii Wi-st l.y llio
(
nin|iiiiiv lor iiiuiiv vi'in> pit^i, "n
ill |ii- li-i
!- ct 'lif ili^trii'tf an
rai.almii I'ai ilir Kinlwiiv Iiu.h ininl. tl,.- uiliir o[ tlu' ^.i' Af»|.'ll.' li-tii.'f tnoiv gi'
II
eriillv luio
VVII, iUl'l t'ol llilf I'l •l!^"ll IlitlllV IH'W ■■"•■i
1
(■:; !■■ I liuui iis'i'fivtiuM \vi
III If. It is,
lidvvovi r, oiilv prinli'iit III in •iitioi. tliiii iiiinl ^.lIt>- ••.■n-i
|mrl«, CMH ()}■ ilii" '_'i'iiciiil'v Ccrlil'.' ili-; i i''i
>l. r
ill TiihlV I
V |M value ill ililU'iciit
Til. U'TA!!'
:\ i-V, \\ hll'li .M\ '•^ Us li.'l
.HoUlht III ('\
Iivlnlt V "f
.UK'
al II ix'ilit
nil' fu ilii'^ ilwtrw I, niM- rioin tin-
Iti'iriiia, ii'i'l
, .. Ill : iC" 1 1
ti'.lMi v\. -I li'i'lli
im»«M I'- liir.'ii'.-h till' iJii' Alii ' 111' l.nlct-. liimllv "iiK-r- 'IIm' A --inilioiiii' \l\
I ■■" ■*- , '..i I ',■■. .i'li 1......
aflor
al'li.-i 11 I'iiii "I iiIhhii 'JiH)
wi'iiliii;.' valii'} , \;iry Mi^''
anil ti('(|iit':iily
vvliirli i:i tiif aiiliifiiii if
llo.vri Im'.I-
cr.
riir niriioiil ii
il I'- ( iMi;>( ii loilo\> J !i ilft'ji aiK
i-1(1i'Im1>;v III '.U'l:!!, hiil miv ^i hcnillv limiii'li ■! liv Imlil
tliiii'.-l |.i' . ![;,loiis lull -I'll-, I 111 ; ;iilU I'l'M-ri'l l'\ a -iimll w.m.iIv i cruli.
Vi
i|- a \''r\ I'l'iiu.i.il 'iiliii;'!', liKiMi ,-'<
rii'- lit' lovrlv
ON I in: Ii V.I \\ Av,
iMiii'li MX I liavf Ix'fMi ;; t.ini-lifil I'l'l iziiiiiticl \\ liw rupni ailvaiiocf-- >vli!cli MV
li('in'_' iiiaiji in the oj.i
iiiiiL il till' Nnrtli ui vt liv :|ii- i:i.!uiitic I'lili'i-fi i>
fl
'acilic
mil '11'.
Iiiiuvvay-
lli-lniy
-11' ';lui''„'
'f tilt (hi
luiN ifivi'ii a laar'T iih
-llic ( iMiailiui)
ii' ail' Il I't' till' in(l"W I'f f-1'tiU'r.-i
Mil.
,iil\va\ lii'lt I
luriii'' liiie ia-'l niiit' iiionilis.
It
ht'iilii p'Thaps lie t .v]il.iiii'<l tliai tin' hni'l 'ni • a.'h -I'K ■)! lii'- nvilu.iv
-f.ir
line imlft
Ml widlli- Iia'l iK'i'ii I'l'-^ciV'
1 fur a tiiiH' liy the J •o;iiiiii<iii ( 'm'. fiTiiiKMii, lull tliC rail-
way
lia^
111'' fU
iViciintlv !i'i'. aiK fl
a.-< lo II avc 11') iloulit as to il
tlios< laiui-J wiM< lit'ciaicl ■ j'CM to tilt' jiuM! i Kif I
i(nir''tiu'iitf-
iiiiiui \ , li-M'k Tilt- OiHY
M
111
lie iinnwuv
Jirit t'xU'iiiiid liiv iv k'ii''tii ol'i;tn.iit '^.")0 iiiilfr-, ami a.- it cxttii'icil lo cmt^
ile fruiii tlie \\\ic cf la
ilwi'.y ,.>ii Ixilli .-i'li'.'^, it n.'pn'.-i'iittMl a t.otal o.\U-iii of 1,700
an; iiiii'---. Tlu^ wliolf of tlit^ GoM-riiiiHiit st'i'tiini.-f thus net frfe ror ■Jtlilci-s wt-re
iiliculti
practically taK' '. np wiiliin nine nuiiitlis, for in St ptoiiil'iT it uas fxtroiii''lv d
if not iiiipo-'sibli , to fiiui il sinj^lf lujiiipntotul of jjooilipiality laml winch liai nut lieeii'
claiintii. 'i'ho illing np of tlii.'^ huii.l by (ho railway si.l.' will ni.it''riaily iniprovo the
gciural appcunuicc of the t'liiiury as .■soon a- the hucls arc piopcrly ciiitivatcil.
lir HuiM'y l)t-partiiit,'iit 'i the GoV'.i'uinciit appear.^ ih tfri.\ii,t'il <<< Iscep up the
'?:
iipjily of the laiul-i for .-eti lenieiit, a.'^ in
lH8.n nu ie.-i^ ♦haii ^7,iiO(l,(iOf> a'jrort were
ftiirveycij ;u'il niappcl.
hv it.« lii^taiice from the
he variatitdi in the valu' ..if lami, so far a- il i.- iiitluencetl
if ruiiwuv, i!» reccivin;^ the aitetitioii of men of i^apital,
who are t akin;.; U[i lan'l for culliviuion. Ft needs no arLiiineni to ^hosv thai il may
be e.heaper for a niaii i " capital to jmiohai*" laml at from J-"J io -t I [ i r .lere tiear to i\,
railway .-tation an'i u niarl',"t, rather than take np Uw laml al a '.neat lii.-taiieo from
b'l-ine.-'s ci'iitro.-;. So al.-ii the varialitai.'*. in ipiulitv slioiil'l he con.-iilered in their
iflu
inrnieiiee
are .'■"o rapa
hail a- a
iieces'-un
poll iM at;iaai value ..\» the free lan<h near the Canadian Tacilit; Kailway
tl_> heeoming .-earee, it may he a.- well t') <tate (hut hui'l- which can be
'_'ift are not always cheap, and lanlH which have lo he purchaseil are not
It a'-.
i.s we rnsh niivvMi-ils (oward,-' the
II
IK'KV
M
onntam^, we :<o<
thai, as in fi i-eat
Brill
un,
-I I
here al
So, we III
ay naturally divide ihe we.-ierti •:ra/,in,^ l.ind.s fn:)in tl
le
corn ilistriets ol more ea.-teiii districts and provinces. 'I'liis ilivi.-inii i-> not n.arked
by any rigid boiin^lary line, neither do we find eidnr '.•curse of praeiico kept
Blrictly within its own i)artic\ilar district. '1 lie inixed praeiice of rai-ing stock and
growing wheat oats., iV.''
■e \erv advanta'/eoii -Iv car"i' (i omI over the greater
|j4»rti..iii itt tlio Nortli VV('>t, cvi rv ilnv 'NptTiriiCt iilIiohIihl: v 1ii«;Ii of th<-( ^octuHH
ol' (iirrti priioiii't' mnv lie ulldWfil Vi |in|».iihl(>riilo riio^t n'lvaiita;.'<'ou-h . Ii w,> liciir
II' lnit|i| tilt) <''"<i.'iii|ii
\ -litl
flivrM' ,>ill ^ive ii>> iisefiil ^'iiitlini(<' m "Hir jtini-lior
r< II •>»•• Ml fill.' rt'Miiiri iu(!ht,'* ol ihh'-* l.nwi-i iin<i < uiiidfldH,
Tli» twif'riiiu'iitul fiii'iiM uf tli< rnilw.iv nniii
i\Pnl, liuru'V 'iiiil I'ul'i c.iiri in' ^
lOWIi Ulioii
i';
iii')\- li'lvf '■liiiWi lin# KllrOON-.l'lllly
•MIlC nl' llir III Jf^l rlcVllltMl (Kid
^ippui'iiily vvi»rnr i|iiiiliiy r'^^ilj ii'iuiii,'Hiile t|.i> rail\Miy. Tlu^ i-. ocrliiiiily an (Miciiniging
t<•^liflll)M^ , iiii'l oil" ruli'iilai" I to .-lit ^v fiiuf t.lio i'litiiu' of tliiM liiilwiiy f-tmul^^ ii|.(in
<) lii iiicr I'lmii luiiiiii tliiiii Vm-. <.vvii aniiii|in!(i| 1 imi-'t li-aM' ti. ciihor.'J tlif filt'afiii^
'liiiv (i( I'lviii"; MMiii
am'
1
flircij^li uiiidi I
iiiiii.i ti n(ivortii*bi!-r<)r...'tlrii jili'aMir
.1 t" witl
'II. of llic lillliriillloMll r^'Tlirry «'! lllf U'lCkV
M.
'iititaiiiM,
nil
il'r* III' lllf Ci.llllllhi.l KlVlT. It vil'iiled to IMV
III' .i^^nttiiUura!
\Mlll
ll' till'-
lislr'f't IH
-.sanly mmv
(•-•(ll
lilt t!i
!iiiiit'-.il wi'jiltli i't ('xO'M'iliMij^ly L.'!'' i' ; aii'l uhcii llic ininnr^ I#\vj in Allifiia \,vv
iiindi' tu coiT'Hpoiiil with tliMrJ.' ill Mi'iti.-|i <.'oliiiiil>iu, \vi- sluvll -^luii iicar inur" alHnit
Sii'iio vow iiilrif.'sl Hi: (il»'*or\aiii.n«
tho I
ri'iHii'Ts wliicii ari' rmw .~>i tliinUii vi'iK'ii
I'cvi' taUcii hy I'l-ofcHHior (ilii^hicr diiiMii,' lii» !ri|i t'lWunia ihc IJockn,-, witli a vitw
f Ir'stinj; tlic (|iiati(ity nC iimi-fiiio in i||i' Mir if the 'li-trirt. Tlic iliM'ci'ciM'C
o
ohMi'Vvt'd botwcoii flic uft aii<i
ly liull
i:^ ran
'4 <
r.'Mi 'J'f.
Tli
cHii ol'^ffvat'oiii
mIiow a very cxfeptionai (lryn<"--i of tlic (itnmsphciv, fur 'fluNt \\\v air cdiilain-' as
liUicli water a^ is ii(V.i'H.«ary dip lic.Jthv vejjctafinn, i(^ mnilfratf! Mip|iiy fuvor-< ''ic
i.'1'iiwlh of ill" tMo-<l pcrfi'ol liiii'il \vlu?at>i, ami it iiuscr the 'iiitritivo fharacttw
of al' our farm onij).-! to a vf-ry lii;4li -laii'lar'l. IIn iiill'ieticc upon t'li- riimati' al.-<<>
'ii'iiiiuiils a pasvjiig notice i f'>rtlii' ('xccpfioiial ilryiii'.''.H of tlic attm^'^plifii' inii.^t lie
I'oii-iijcrcil will n \vi' attc'iiipt to furni anv opinion upon liic \t'ry Inu'u <'i' ilic vcrj
iiijnlc lii'piir'i") as to
'i>\'.' ri'aiiiniis of the tii<'riiii>iii'f<'r.
( hio .-ctilrr, iif w liuni
1
.'lu' climate of tlio iVorflvWc-i, lepiii'il : "If tiioy wonh! «masli up all tliose
tin rmomotciH, no onu woiiM know liui tliiit i
n, lifers 'viTc very ''niovalile anil the
Miiiiimf;'.- iiiMMt pleasant.
ij hIm' ll. very sfj;iiiti"aiit rcuiiirk winch Mr. Hattiiey
makes in ;ri\ini^ his farm cxperieivio iu
M
iniioiia,
sav
il
I't r'lrarkable
biiL true, that tii<! only piT.-Mii.'* 1 h i\(- licaid complam iiiirli arc those whu have
I'evfT spent a ■A'liitei i
;i -Maiiilolia." 1
te-tnmiin
iiieH iincli;ii!i:e(l m su
ipport
le oiitcrv to
of the fact, that with onlmary pnuloiiOP boih af \i'ry enjuyalile.
tlie contrary from interest",! i.ppi.inents is unw l^i/i;,' gencaliy takm at its tmo
•valiU'.
In pas.sjiig aloiiu the (vaiiiidian I'a;itic Kailway, J wa.- miuh suiprL^eil at the
"increase in the nunuvr of elevat-^rs, or j^ranaries, a' the va,rious ,«;tati(iiis. Tliey
are without donlit a great convpti! 'iice f.o the farmers of the iieiji;hbonrin}:^ dia-
'nets. Some of tiiese. an? of very large si/.c, having; a stornL'c capacity of UK), 000
bushels. Private elevatu'-.s are being erected tiy .some groups of fiirmers, and thua
they are able to store tiieir wheat ut liic railway fltatinn, ready for loading into
fruek.s, when the grower ih satisfied with the market price. The railway stations
are praeiicnllv the h'cal niarkcis, not onlv for the sale of wheat, hiii. uIho foi" t-he
ilie3
y . , .
purclia.-e of implements and live ,-tock. 1 1 irt curioujii to notice tl" lar'.;e -iiin
of e.xcelU'ut farm implements wdiich are held in stock at the various railway
."^tation.s for isettlers to select from. I am informed that in the spring of the
vear these supplies are very large, and liiat tiny are renewed from time to time as
.ales are made. Theie are aNo spei'ial live stock sales at the larger stations, such
as Winnipeg, Bc'ni.lon and I'orlage la Piairie. IJence there is ver\' htrle ditlicalty
III pun'hasing good. and .suitable t-tock for farm purposes, when the settlor ha.'^ the
riecess." ry cu|'ital.
Portage l.a Prairie is bc'.
'jmiiig iiicrea.singly iin|
m
laiit by rea.soii of it.- being the
junction of liie Manitoba and .Vortli-We.stern Pi'ilway with the Canadian I'acitlo
.. p
Rail
laml-
wav,
Thi.^
rapiil iiicroasr- <•
111. .111)11
I'orta
ire
fidoraiile dr- laiii,
it i.< about t'.
I }
pvii'l spfal:^' well i>f iiiiicli . i' t'ho taiu
■'' ''xtciHivd
rp>wih is favoiircii !.y tli^' iii;:li 'VMillty ')f tlie
Prairie, vviii.li maintain thi-^ <::o(id rliaiacttT for .=10 mo con-
no up the Nnrth-W.'storn Railway, but
anil into which
> si.
\!W<'
not.
w
1 ll
iroucli whii-h !t run-
And'
, iilcnci.'
pop
ir I
fart of tl
10
a>i'
bfin<
!<\
in a.l'\an!c
.f th
t\iinr 1
rail'.vav
Tl
V\i i'V tiic
plauK
dian
(1
in .-omr 'ifcrci' ov r
-i>ii
loitic Railway wonU
r(\=ppct hofMi d;^' tppoint''il, tl
11 r(: 1^
if the very lycncra! (.■xpt'clalian that tho Cana-
tt din. ctioVi. If till early si'ttk'rs have ni this
rea^.in to boliev • liuit liie help roeeiitly ren-
1 ♦ni.e (hat din. ct;oii
d'-rei hv tin- 1>,
'tniMon
(iuveiniiicnt, in the shap.* "f h
an
I grant, will <;nahk
the Noiih-Wc.'tern Kailvvay to be pu.-hed forward w.tli rjipiditv. Similar a.<n.staiu;<>
ha.s also hten L'ranled
S(.'ntli-VVesiein IJcil'vif.
the
I)
nniinloii
G
,'eri. merit for t.i
extension o
f tl
le
I
O'-ove
luMM'rn Ti.ji
we'-'- w .'ird tr^'in
h ;.f (hi- di.-i
siirj)rise.i at the lar_^
:in
loer of
Manit- n Oity. tlinMi'j'h. Ihe Sonri,s di?tr-"t.
in i1m' aniim.n of IsS.H, and am notatali
wli«.i h.-tvi inline i;it<i t,hat part 'n\ advance
of the rauwav
!•:
\ t r\ tliin>r ti n
at
M-lenieta :s ne'W L'oii
on verv
vi^. ronsly in iVlanituba and the
to pioneer the way, but dash-
iservu
;. >'• I territorif.-'. not waiting for the railway
,0 1 advance, ready to welitiime its appmacb.
'1 , mere e>.(endod occupation of land dnrinfr.
tounding. With the rapid increase of railway
ng |)rov;ded, tlie odiow of .settlerH will be greatly
encouraged, and in two or thr. '.• year^.' time there will ho a wonderful scarcity
of free honie.stead and pre-emplioii laiubs wdhin reach
The progret-s w hi
the pa^t tvvelvi.' month- is
ai'.oommoiiation \\
lii;i
1 is now
01 anv
exi.stin;' railway.
-ven now wonie district- are already very completely taken up
ubvion..; : tliattho.se wlin de-ire Government or (Company land.s
Tl
ic mora
I is.
le.sslv ])Ostp(.'ne the iime for .-i-ciring tnem
I I
shouli
lave oitliorio t>een ver\
' not need-
•h like
one 'v
10 ha; iii-yjieeted aiv.l reported U[ioii n rich ban([net, of which he lian volui
turily i)Iedged himself to,„,reiiia!n a ■.iisuiU're
no
.'I IlOIIIll
to
Lasted
d.enri
ol
tserver.
vi~ unbclf
On t
le I'-^.sue 01
u.s
advantaj'es whicii
report t ^Iia)l feel that I am
T rec"iiuntnil ottier:^ to makf' usi- oi". I am encouraged in doing so becau.sc prof^H-
.sionai met. r^ siding in England can now as easily enj( y a colonial esl.ate a.H a cf antry
.seal or a shooting box in a distant county. Oiie very marked dili
crence,
ediscrvati
. ir
lie (jne .\nuid
u source ot incoino a.s well a.s ot pleasure, \\ lui
lowever, if
<i th.-
utter have ii'.'W becor.i< v<'r\
;pe
nsivc inxurie;
(.)ii my way ttiroiigii Winnipeg, I was vi'ry jdeased t.i visit .'-iilver Heights, tlie
property ("f the Hon. I)<jnaid A. Smith. Here, on tlie l.'^th September,"' 1884, 1
sau Indian corn — Yellow Dent vaiiety — growing on his land, over ten teet in
height, Jind woil loa-lcd with corn, which waa rapidly ripenirig. Tlift potatoe.-i
were literally crowded in the soil One plant, whicl.i way raised for my iuKpection,
jjave twenty-nine potatijes, all of irnod sixo for table use, some being of large .lize.
Three plants weri- always enough to fill a peck measure, and .sometimes (.wo.
One-eighth of an acre vielded scvenl^ bu.ihelf of excellent potato"^. The adjoining
croj) i.ii' cabiiag(' a as niarv'-lloi;4.!y gooil in quality and \ery lanre in yield, lam
glad It) tind i!;at Mr. Rinith is liaving a large breai'lth of the'ndjoiuing. land brought
under <Mi!li\ .ation. Tin ■silver Hciirht.'^ Farm cannot tail to be one of the objects
of mierest in futnn year-, ^-ituated as it is on the rich landf by the side of the
Assinihoine I'ti the gardens around the house T found grapes growing on trelli.^
woik, crojipinLr freely jvnd ripening rapidly. Tomatoes were exceedingly abun-
dant, and had b'cn g.i;licred ripe iVr the three previous week.'?. Wliite and red
cnrrants\ .as well a.-^ .ras|)berries and plum^, liad been moPt abundant. Pea.s,
hean.=i, cauliflowers, celery, a.-jiaragus, cu.-tard niarrowH, &('.; till k'uds of root cropo,
such a.s beets, cavroi..--, parsnip , all flourished imder the conditions of noil ami
climate. fn I'lct, it wi-; one of the most productive gardcn.s J'or high qiMlity
produce I cm vi'oich A.s we returned to Winnipeg, from wliich Silver Heights
IS distant abmit five miiie.s, J vjiw crop." on the land of a .successful mark-et gardener
growing in great abundance ami perfection, .showing very clearly iliat the con-
dition.s of growtii fhrougle-ut tlie surrounding district were most iavotirable. My
!* —
vit^it U> Silver Hoi'.'lit- forcibly rtMiiin-lH me o[ the woi i> used by it\y frit'iul jimi
fc'llow-lriivc'ller, .iohii Ciuneroii (iraijt, wlii, lu his iK'j.util'iii Canadian " Prairit!
Pictiire.s "' (Loiignuiu), .says : —
" ] h,'\ve movc'l far and wide,
India and Africa, our Ishind home,
;\nd KiH'onean Hliores; but f confers
That, ill the glorit-s m' 'i't siunnicr-lide,
Their is no land, h'- ^er far yon roam,
Iduit (-an cunipeteoiii instant with this land.
So nrndit.^al in over-fruitfulncs.
So lavish ill the bountv of lier land."
THF INDIAN'??,
During my .stay at Fort Qu'App' lie, I visited soni'- of ihe fu lian tribc8, and
; may perhajjs be oonveiiient to make some referi;ii':e to the;*:' people at this
jiuint, as many per.ion.s are somewhat anxious about tiiem, and iiav>- exceiidingly
V iLMic ideas as to their conduct in refereiu-e to settlers. It should be rememhored
ihat only a I'evv years back the North- Wcr-'t territories nf Canada constituted tlie
v'l'rat liunting grounds of various Indian tribes, vvho disp.ised of their furs and
'"'hor products of the cliase to the lludson'.s Hay Company, exvihauging them for
food aupfilies, clothing and otlier necessaries of life. At various times treaties have
been made with the sevt-ral tribes of Indians, and definite tracts of land liave been
iCscrved for their exclusive nsi-, and certain payments- ni casli and fjod supplies
■u-e nuide to them as ctmpensation for ha\ing surrendered their rights in all other
iiids. The tenn^ of these contracts have been clearly understood by tiie Indians,
•Old thus fair and equitable arrangemems have been made with vviucli tney are
thoroughly satistied. limier ihefje treaties the chief of each tribe is entitiedto 23
dollars (i.'5) annually, the four headmen orconnci! to 15 dollars (Jt;3i -"ach, and all
(hi' re--t — men, uM.unen and cliildren — receive 5 <i()llars (£] ) each, in addition to
iiiis, regular rations of food are served out, and any Indian desirous of iearnina a
'rade is aided liy the Crovernment in doing so. Impioved farm implements aiel
stock are yiiveii t!;"in to assist in their culture of tlie soil.
irv
T'ney generally reside upon their Reserves, but some wander away, especially
(■ivvards ihe railway stations, These Indians repre^enl the idle and nn)st degraded
specimens c*' the race, lience they should be regaided a> very unworthy renve-
-entatives of the tribes. Taking the Indians as a class, it may he fairly stated that,
with the exception of being guilty of occasional small thefts, they are a perfectly
liurmless people, recognizing the supremacy of the law, and rendering to it a
jja-sive obedience. The squaws often work v ry cheerfully for tlie settlers who may
'•'■.side near them, and tin- bucks will sometimes enter into businesy engagements,
v.-hicli, as a rule, they ob-ervc with strict integrity. Law and good lU'der are
niaiiilained, and tne \ery exc^ ' it mounted police of the N'orlh-West are fuilv
recugi)i;ced as the representatives of a powerful (ioverniaont, and are aocoidingly
ul>eyed. Even in the case of an fniiiau lieing taken into custody for some iheft,
ihejr usual comnieiit may be familiarly traii'^lateil as '-If Whiteskin do wrong,
he punished ; if Hedskin d.) wrong, lie punished too." I'he j> >wer anil stri'Uiy
impartial justice id' the law is fully recognised. At the present nine we may regard
the Indians jis tlie peai et'ul occupant.s of their own Iv'sfrve.-, \sitiiin wliich the
great inajority live quietly, enjoying themselves in hunting, sin, iting and 'ishii g.
Tiie time will no doubt conn.' when tne surviveu's uf tlv presi^it y(,iiiliful generation
^vill become more generally useful members of society.
d
in my visit to Standing Bnltiilo, tlie cliief of one tribi- uf the Sioux indians, 1
Mas accompanied by Colonel .\. Macdonal I and Captain French, the former of
'liese gentlemen being the Indian Agent ot the (imernmcnt, tijrough uhoni the
10 .-
l.ul
llHl.i V( C.'iVi' t IK'P
ill}' II; . I,
\Y
ail a loii^fliv " [X \v-\>'i« .' at 'vvli;<'h t!
liUllitl
lUl'
clli<'f,'St!lli'Utr;j
of ill'' iiitfrpn :ri- .vo w^ii a!
to thi'i,- fall . ',-. rk. 'I \\>' ii
.: 1 i;i'ii <>1" '111' tr:
wtiV'.' pP' .-(.r,;, nrl t.>- til'? a
ic
id
t.i ,m;cm
f an pxciiaiuo or' viiivf.-', (.•-[("'■'.ilh' m I'cfcronce-
■ I'liii- . • tliis tnl>o liJiM
M'.- I.'
wiK-af,,
iiarli'V,
P.'
tatoe-J,
ui
• Irr rultiv.;;!i.in tliiJ year, i'. ruld;!,";'. f' ja.^lcii iiro-li
I'M'
.Ml tl
0!v<l.taMf,
the ."qiiaw-:
,|l|i' W '■(> PMO
C'l.t
M
. ip.-j Wire
U' l: I
•I ttu
■.\i.il-k I - ili^\\
mi
liv thr iMick-^, but.
Ill walknu: ov
rf^-orvf 1 ii-^ti<;oil ■^iiriic wi^rk whicli wa.s not
lu' IV't, ill,
;i..' ih.ivn atd'Mti'in to n,
;!>• inC'Tiricil that it
•iva.-^
mly .-^'(U!
lie cl'U.LlC Wllli.'ll
this iii'li(;at"« IS rfMiIy f-iirpn.-m
ausi> iiiiiil a \''i\- r'.c'iii diii-- :i v-.\~> oi.ais lirrca boiK-afh the ih^niiv <
.1
tn i\o a'lyiliiiii I'ur. >\<
>vl ami :i''li'
The Stand
iiiir. lit
ilhili.i tribe
iii't re(i-i\':
th'i>e Iinuan.- win) aie uii'Im' (ri-atv, a-
>[' n biiek
tie.s fell Im the lilt "f the '^fjiiaw.s.
lielp lYurii the 'nucniiuent as-
'H\ iiavo tniiTi'a'ed from the blaiteil t^tate.s
iilii'i on
as Tiiiioii
bv cnsenf, ancl havf le./ :u;tiia) elaiiii '■■r aiiv as-i-^taiici'. An in.-'tniclor in farin^
•.vol'!-: IS
•lit {" <'M:\\
trlbf of trraf
V : II
jia
11-
.mt no uv
Ui'uelor has 1,
lecii 'irovii.ioc
fur tie.' Staiulin.; But'';
) U'
ill.-. I
tui;ii; -^eed ;:i!ie a,'l liarvi.'-t, hi>'.\x'ver, a man i.*?
■^c-iii to them tu lielp, ain th.-v [irofi! i;"ratly by that ^uidimep. '[')\f Indians who
are nreier treaiy, p.-^iiei'iaiiy mi ihe I'u-nnaw lic-erve, are n)ak;ng .iiond jji-ccresp,
ibles
aii'l are !iru>iuallv lieei>ti
Ir
uiej: inii'T ;nou-"r,i)U.- and <r0'H,i euliiva'nr'^ ot il;i'. laiii
f ill
H.bans eauiV'i sel any p'Ttiun m thiM- l-i(.'S.'re"<, and lienee many <'t' the tron
hiel
> liavf a!
■n v.itli 'ne li^
l!l
iiere. I iiscrnpniiiis spi'culat^
ill- <jf lit
\N h<) naO nr.e
ted Stat
•it. d i
es ai'i.' r<Mi
n a f"'.v cas
l-;vd
iinnossiljle
eon
Id
^ei-iiK' the purchaser- eif 'arLV' (piaiitiMes ot Ian
ks (,i \v
tiie, Siati
hisk
hut.
when tlie deluded Indian- reeivci'c-d froui iheir revelrie-J, inane a set re' ro-olve for
revnr^e ua-' tVirnu
,1
In Tanada tie- lieiUi
IS are iealou-'h nr. .tei
•t'-d hv the la\
md tiiev -are <i\ everv wav <'q\\
tabl-' dealt '\ iih, lit>noe flic contcnl '.vhit.h l;a:s resuUed
fr.en tair ireain
u. nt.
niE SKl.KiliK ShTTI.K.MKNT.
'n .''i\ inj: soui'' ae.,'ui!i! (.if the I'ari.jiis rfettl. inents uf eoioni-t.s in Canach-i, tliat.
by Lord Selkirk nuturaily talci s priuiity of positi<ei. An.'
'\iju •■! land "va- uiade bv the Iliidsi.n'.- Bav Conipanv to Lord
Mhieii wa-J t-lVei'le
agreement fur a ee
Selkirk oi 1^1] f..ir cedoni.-a (Hi t'urposos, a'l i ;u t!",- f lihtwiiii: year the lir-t eroup
ofs'-itlers wci'e sent ovr. 1 le-v eanw by wav i<{ th.; [laiison's Bay, ;u^l landed at
^'ork factory, pp.'eeedtirj: th'^iict; to rh..- Ked Uiver. KindiiiL: nnieh opposition to
tin ir si-ti".'iiienf on tiuit river. th"y U(.-ni. to Prmbina, and remained tliere fvr a.
vcar, ^vticn ti.ev ri'turned lo tin- distriet iiri.n.'iv
\V
mnipejr
In ISl i> a further '.nmip
-^et'li'r- w-'f" sent
'! (tair'
i\ er
lu.av Known as
)V
tlie sane' i"Ui'-, an
1 I
I I -^ -.K
l-i:i
hv Lord .Selkirk t.
i,,.i -n-..i|irt),,.||.'d tiie settler- in [loint if iiiimber,
aiel iinpart-'d i'--\v e^nra^'v tT fiii w e I ciflirt.- i" success. Thr -^ettic ment was the
named
Klidi
tlie secoii.i ( is 15: -T
enjoyin.i; iii e
and it \va- r''ViMl\- ni> ]ili-asure t'
roup ot scUlf
an
iti.'.t the ri'.ii
renewiii:.' tie. ni'-m ric- ot tixtroiu- dav
■ - s< e Mr. Kuhrrt Mebeth, one of
re-i, inu in Kildonan in health and strength,,
shieli ',,; has -o l'>ng resided, ami liappy in.
now re-i, inu in
Th
aniid>t
tie
(>.ir,\' ^1 til
tnat whieti '■(;. a-'on
mii;ti
now-
ha-t many md threat ditfii.'ulties fo contend against; but,
.,( , a-'oii'd the tno-t lastiii;: check t.j their pro-perity, wa.'*
'■\ c->i;ii
pport, i^ni th
re'iiiireinent-, I
.-upplies. ami as th.
tl
■•al.\ i'ht'V Could p"Ochice all they nee.lfd for their ow
tiarit
a'>vav
produce for clotl
iin
ffroO'^ries and other
t a- the Hudson'- Bav C.:>mpanv .)nlv n.-oded certain limited
V wMre
Z
the oiiiy buyers, the settlern .soon discovered tliai if
ley gM w t.irm prodnee in excess of the Company^ requiiementH, it simpiy:
— n
uiK.n the \ioil [iw'cv I.ainlH. [»is^cs-ini^ I'i'^li R'vtility, a.-' iii'w uiarlvet,' opt ik"! up I'lK^y
uei-fiibU' tti lui'M tln'ir hml- fn '^I'cai ail\ nutate, ;inij in a f( w _) i!ai'-> tln'v ai;cin:iu!;u<'il
iiiiir.il wtaitii. Ill I^-^I.-^, wlfii the Wiimip.Mj; Jm.i..iii was aL its ht•iJ^'lt, inuii} -jlti
ttuif |.»n>[H.M''v and VM.'ut to th" N'uflli-Wc.-it and ii'-invf-'cd iheir uiOMfV nifu'c advan-
!ag((ously. I'licre Avr f-til; -onii' pi.rti.i,!.'- uf thi- orij^inal -rttioiii'iit ludd hy p('r80ii>-,
\sdi" oouhJ nui. ho ti-"i)itf<_! |.) pai'i tVuiii tlivii' hoiiic^ and JaIld^, even hy ih* >jtl('!' ol'
laruf Slims of iiii)iic\', and thc-e l:lnd^5 .-til! maintain lhiMri'ha.ra';tt.T ffV hi_'h fertility.
The land in frimt of Mr. Itobert .AlciJeiii's liuiise,.:ii Kddorian lia.'^ had wiioaf grown
iipun it fur fifty year.s in sueee.-^sicjn, and tli'Te is no po.-ceptihle dilterencc in itn pro-
ductive pi)\vor.-<. Even now, if they attempt lo falluyv it, they ar :-ure to ^'et a c.rnp
loo abundant to lie .safe. Durins^ the jJuoia of IS.-I '2, inucli uf the land in tju.s
.-^oltleiiient S(.ild at piiee.s con.-idprably in advaiie«' of it.-- agne.uitural value, and the
.setder.s have vac.iited it for iand.-* iu tlie North-\\C.-t.
TKK MKNMJMTI: .Sl'n TI.KMI.NT.
J ill.-? IS a. very imjH.;ta,nt -•. 'iletiic
(iieludiii:: (i-lS .Hipi'ire. miles of land. 1
International Douu'iary which divide.^
were ^r.-inted ft) the Mennonites, in 18
tetiiod, industrious and pro.^perous (
sound policy of the ^rar.t The Menu
but rather than violate tlif^ir relijriou.-^
niHied to ;.'ive up tiieir hoiiie.-> and t
which they wuul'i lie able t<.> /uaintain
ollered to tiieir leaving Rus-da, Imt nil
the original refugee.s .settled parrlv in
/iiaintained a jiatiiachat form oi' go>e
of time, liut lliis waR largely iiiterf
faniilit\-s lieiiig allowed to leave Kus.si;
been given to any of the fraternity w
lit, i'\t."iding as It doe.- ov(.:r IH 'J'ownsliiii.- and
! i.s .-itualf.i imiiiediatvdy to tiie North of the
■< the L tuteii Stat<'s from Canaila. 'J iie.-e lands
76 Ijy the noniinioii Governiiient, and the con-
'onditioii of the people has widl justitied tho
uiiite.s we'vCJerniun speaking' siibjoctsof Ru.ssia,
scruples aifain.sf eiiferiiii: the army, tliey deter-
iieir countrv in favor of some new location in
their religious opinions. Some, oppo.sitioii was
imately they obtained pormi.snion to leave, and
Minnesota and partly in Canada. They liad,
rnne'iit anioUj^'st themselves for a long perio-'
ered with by only a limited portion of diiferent
I. Since 1H75 j.erinis.sion to emigrate has ix t
10 are nnw resident-: m Southern Russia.
Tlie Mennoiiite-: H'.iu numln'r about H.nOv) person-, w ho are gathei'ed iii a number
•of detalched vdlag.'s. Jvicdi village is under the control of 'ine lleailiiUMi an! two
A.'=.=islaiit'<, \'.ho-e (lnt\ it is to i/arry out the decir-i:.ins of ihr majority of hoiist holders
in all iuatt( r- i<d,i'ing lo the gener.ai wellfare. All such \oti-.- are, ho\^ (■•.■cr, decided
bv a maj'U'ity consisting of two-third-^ of the hous,diolil»'r- \s ho have been iiatiir;i,l
i/ed. They may become natiii'ah-ed by tak'ing the ('ai.ndian Oath tir Uccliir.rtion i.f
Allegiaiice, after tluer ycn.rs i-'-sideme on land- >.\it]un the Mcnnn.iilf Li(,-<ei ve. S'lch
.u tiling as a Meniionite leaving the Resirv -e.x<'ept t'oi sciu.; tempoi'aiy daty--is
almost unknown : lliere have only been t\vo instances,, and those left to ti'ade el.-e
where with the settlemeiu. The Doininion Landf .\ct i- accepted for the regulation
■ of those enlitlcil to live within this Kescrve, ami each adult can claim and -secure to
himself, by Patent, 1(50 acn s of land for tillage purposes. It often happens, however,
ithat for convenience sake, a man cultivates other land than that which ho hu;^
.secured in his o.wn right, and the vill.ige convocation determines whether or not this
vhall ho dc>ne. When such decision i.- prote-ied against by the absolute owners of
itlie land, or by tin- jiersons -^o directed to ciiltivale the lami, suc.h protest cannot he
•ovei-ruled by the village (Mii v.>cation, hiMic,' tlic di.'cisions whii/h interfere vsitli pri-
■viito rights can Midy be reirtirdeii a< rcionnncndat ,ui)S. rnt'ortiinat'.dy ditlei^uii:*'-: do
H(>u\'-i\i'\i ^ iii-i-f, i:i '•■ ii-".|iu-r,( f Mpic-sing tin.' will <'t the iriujnn'v, aiiil \u c
on-
H«-(]lli''ir( (i| u MHy
l'r<..l 'lit ''.nU-.r t'i tl Il' i.'lri/ i'l'i.vi'lliu!
iFji in tl.c^r .-\'-ii-iii, !i jio/ialt/ li;r -iici iij)(,i
iliutl \!* (ti'U'M.
'Ill'- \ illiiL'i'^ '•(■titu
!l'-:'Mri;il' M, 1)11' liu''"'
IC hi' iiri|ir'>\' - of til"
in Ml. Ikh-.' , '!Min<'-ti'!i.K- iin.l i/'iT'ltTi- nf (ho-c wiiu arc tliii*
!jiii:, hiii'i-- wlncli hcloti^ tr. «(mii- iTio pcivon.
I upon l.v ill'' majority, till.' oirti|i|,ii(; [liirty lia.s
iV Ml'-'' ''l' I
i; U\<'h" ini'Ml ii - i.'.tn:'-, Wi'luii u-inh h" iii;:\ rcinovi' ill
iii-'iii' I'l V. nil' I h' ui.iv i'liM(i'<- u
ii"' MM)idin<'-t ami u
-cIcrlM ilif viHaL'i' uii:< II
i\ tree i(,.;ui..it witliiii l.iie Itc-crv. Hy i)rctt'r«nc<' lift
■! tn hi-j farm luii')^^, or hf may, in case < f
no.! itcar'
fli(;iill\, liiiiM n|M,ii ii;,--(>nii furm and phicc him.-i-li' licyMul all nJrrfVTcnco. Tlii.-
:icrilli;r-i *]■■(' many cumforls ainl'
Til'' < iTnr svliii^ii un.lcrlic's iIiih
npou lands which luion^ to one
ill
i-j a '■.i«m'-c ii' lit'.
itut.-- t.
u i V Jirita^^'cs
iliHiculty [,
ol' ii.--i)i-Mt|(-ii III tin
>t, S('i-,;ii;~c h''
ilav".' ' :n;|c
HI'
liv..i,
r.mfiruy an- .-i irniu
iii>tcail iif ( i>
111 l|ir' Vlil;tL'c bciliiT I'll
I.
,f H
!l!l't he !• Mill;'','-- lO
n l.avinj.' ilic <i|>|Hjrtiinif.y <»(" p"ir(.:ha«in<r tiiat portioik
r III-' liiuliliri'.'s itihj L'anicii. Th;-- iir.crfcri'ucc wiU*
lll'll VMlMll 1 ill' 11 l)(-||i|i>ni;
I.
tl an iii(.Tca-c 111 tiic tiuino<-r ^t vilhi'.^c'-. i-o
tlia* tfW
-f t)
\ illn" ' iiii.u'i t !'. (nil (i'.'vclopnicnL
.f .-'U.-
caKini' i^cii.TMi
,f il
M
cnnoiiiies, 1 nfiv su
that I find :i '_'!•• 'at measure
. i-ini'/ Hn.i'ii'.'-!, th'/m.
V
ariiuTK arc malviinr niDncs- an
cliililr'n .iMiit.pi
ca-c^ w( ii!t'i\
tahh
On.
(■l:-c in till lic-cr V--, inlormi'd m
i -ctrlitii:; tlif^ir
r,p(.!i new farms. Tiadc-ni. n are iiro>|>croii'.;, and in ^(jiiie
r llicse, wiio IS proiiaiily doiiiL; a lar;^( r lui.-inc-ss than atiy one
I 'lavc oairied
d I n
iV i.'iviiiu' tint), erei
th
ill 'iii-^iiK'ss here i\>r '.) years.
111. In l.ard imu'-' J Inuo Isul proof
av me.
that (.!ie ■ -.vi.uld rallicr e.- ratr.L'cd than leil j
of (h'aii i-.s ciiinni^ from uui.-idc the R,(-erve, and wh
farm )mplemer:ls — njnj;! ymini: scti Lt.'j, and if hy aiiv e.haiiij*.
here iia- c h(;cn Histaiioe.«
j_)rfN-s('d tiiiMi" ;j:(i('ds — <!S|)ec'ially
tlu/v have he»'n nrial)ii;'
to pay up i.mnipi, thc-y have put, tlu law i>i f(ir>-e to ru-Ajy-v their deht>;, hut they
ha>.<* invariahlv lo-^t monev.
!
had been show n m se
kit
1, lrav,n<r over-persuaded flu- hu\ er, suiiie m(,'d(ration
!)• ilieir money, the .leht and iriterest would liavc he(ri
paid in full. We lia\e had -ome e.ascH oT sad ••ruclty, hut all arc jrotlinu: wiser no
an
1
r.arelv nurehase triim p'-rsons on
tside the I.
i;.-erve
lie [)7'.)sperjly wliU'ii i..-
( vidcrit in lie ir vdhij.", • has enabled tliem to estahl sii, anmiij^ tiiem-elves, store:
and uttier taeijities t'nr obtaining tlieir supplies fvnn pcr-ons of their own
nationality. Just in ()r >piirli"n as that completeness becomes more general, tiiore
apjii ar,s to h" an in'.Tea.-iivj: tendency to deal as mtu'h iis [lu-sihie amongst tliem^
the (.icrman language alone was iti use in tiie S'citKMuenl, h\it.
JA.r
:l tune lime
ma
IV ol' lleun can tn
ma
ke tiiejus
el vi s 11
ri(h'r.-t(M)d in I'^mrlish. Tie reeuif
inlr'iductinii of ihe iviLdish laisiruaLce into the Meniuuiite f-cho'd wi
in a lew
.■<':irs, enciituail',' ove
ri '.'Die eser
V harrier to a free intereourse with tlieir follow
«..ana(lian^
TKi; i;OKlM)N*-CATIieAUT .SKTTi,i;V!:ST.
1'he histoiy oi' thin .setthinent is well worthy nf .special rec'ird. In the sjiri
>r IHS.'? Serious (Jisci.ntent cxii-ted am
nt!
nngst some nf the Crofter Tenatits on the
estate of Ijidy (Jordon-Cathe.art. 'Idii-- discontent hirgeiy njsuiled from iii(he(i]tie:4
o<;(!a'>ioie''
lo !'■ ive
I hv t'
wc'"' compaiat
iiecessai'V.
I'ir lieing over-crowded upon a projxirty which they were unvvdliig
rgent in the spring of 1H8,'5, when their pruspect.s
iiler- I" came so '.'erv u
tivelv hotieless, that
At tl
M
lis lit
.■•iiiie isMie I roll) I
ilnciilty became absoluielv
ne l;aly (iordon-t'iithcai t ollered to assist any of the.'^e
tenants into mor<' prosperous t'oiiditions of life, liy ail\'anc'ng the tjece.s.sarv funds
for helping tieiM !■. -illlc ii|>oti the Govcrnmeiii land.s in the Canadian North-
^Ve-t. 'Die oiler made was one of a thoroughly hu.-ine-s like character, wliicli
might have heeii a( cepted h.y each and all wdtho'it their looking upon it as any
(diaritahle favor conferred, and vet it oould ' ' ....
on
IV he regarded };v th
e out.sule wo
rid
.'iv a noiilo ar;'. thon.iiL'ii'/ 'v!l ^■■oilhv (.l' lli" ii;ir<ir .'iNSoiMateii vitli it. h wai^
arrungi'i! tliiii jU] 00 should in' |.lu '.cil a' the scrviof of Ofn'.li fainilv, in iiililition *i
'lie ca-^h f^oiiic ut llietn h:ul o'.aiuin'.i hy tliv nalc of tlu/ir funn ^toi;k. The mini u*
xIOO vviis fiilvivici'tl iiiiih-r aiTiinf„'triu'iit,-! wilrh pj'ovi.li'.l for i!,-; ii'Mi-lciii cvfu'inli-
turc, upon t,i «• imilor-lu'bini;.' tiiui, the loan .sliouid 1»" i=e(>,iir('il uivUt the S!-;tli
cliuiscof tli(! j)(>iiniiViii Lruiil- A.:!. Ii thi" way iui iiiexpctisivn, hi\i peif'ctlv 'n\\-
."■('ciirity was M;ivf;i in,- tiic ^apit^il .uKmii't'd. Eh-.tri f.iiiiilii"^ aiMt'p'il ti :• ii);bi-,
nil) (.■xct'llcnl u"raiii;;("ii(:'titH 'vr-rc ihii'lc fur sccuriiitr ili' ;r -iiccp'ishil '•, ''il ]--!imeii?,
upuii ).'Ou(i iaiiii III ll I' r,ii;a'l.ai) Morll.-Wc-t. In my Kejxirt. ■,{' Octoli'i-, \f*Ki, I
^ave >.)artic.ulav.-i i.C lip' aiiiii^ialil'' -iclu'inc under whicii iIk'V wcrf located tlicrt.',
add it \va- cained out in a iiiaiiinT which wii' Idf^iily f^atisfactiirv (o all parlif-. I
vifiited iiiC^e faiodieri iii ;i«"ir ,-i 'lliMiicnt iii Scplomhcr, IWS'!, and I hccuiic an
eye- witnt'.-'B vf llieir com tort. tli'Mr malcrial pros|ifrity, and the. r gratitude. Diirin"
my recent visit to that part of Caiiadri, I rcj-uated my inspection of the .-cUk'nient.
[ found the stttlcrf of ISHi^ far more t^iliy con'h'ined m conditJ. nn of pi'Or^peritv tiiaii
r Could ii'ive anticij)aled, for they are happy .and snooe.-^ful in ;!ieir .'everal!
the amount at their disposal, they liavc; done mo.-it sati>fa
payments have been made for bringing tliese familif^ over to tl
remained for providing food, farm stocic, an'! implement '. I (ii
may he taken as fairly represeutiiie tlie usual expenditure of
■i-7r< represented the entire capital at comniand;
.\ft"r the
iboiit £75
that i.ii ' foliouimj;
lal ne.iney, wiien.
Crcifterr' Faixruu.ture (J.sf "caaon.)
Rei^istratioi) Fop and Survey Cliarges .... '.!!
Sow , o
Cow an<} Calf 15
Sundry small Tools—Spade, Shove!, "''ork, l-b)e, Scytle,'. Hanuner, &c. . . 2
Stove . . 5
Si ed— Potatoes- -12 bushels at F'J eeriis, 'j GO i
" Oats— 6 busiiels at 75 cents, 4.50 !• :\
" Bariev— 4 bushels at S(i <;ent-, :i )
Share of Oiie Yoke of O-xen bctvvvu two 20
*' Harness for " " " 1
" Breaking Plough between two '.'
"' Harrows between t\»o , !
" Wajrgon between four :'.
ProvisiouK and Sundry Expenditure . . , . 1!
X75
,?.
d.
(>
Jtl
(V
\i
l>
I;
s
(V
8
(i
If.
()>
It;
\'>
i.i;
(V
By the aid of this expendit'.ire. and by the croriH grown in the tirst -eason, thf>
crofters were abh in October. 188.'-!, to congratulate lhemsei"C ; upon having a lU
months' supply of food in hand, and tb.us within 8 rjionths from the period of tlieir
great difficulty they had att.ained a position of comfort, and a complete freetloio
from all anxious care. They realized *!ie change in their position, and gralitude
reigned supreme in tiieir minds. Much of ilie success of these Crofters may l.xi
1
li;i(.< I u- 111'- Inrt tliiit ill tht' l;»l'oiir 'vt ilif fiiiiiilv Uicy ]j'ifsi'.-ii'.l a further so> 'ce
i,f (•ipioil. Till- lurnilii'S vir\ ;i'ih;.illy pK.sse.si^cd nioro bicad- wiiiiieif'. tl iu»
the
fiitl
I.T-
1- tho i-Mrr cljil
iirii wiTO ul)l(» (.o earn '.'"O'l Wiii'o^ in flie liii^triet.
.'.',-
llicv c-'iil ; cMiiinl-ul..' 1m llic ;:(i)<'ru! (.•ainliii, ainl in tlii> way iiioj^t n.-oful mli i
W'c iiiust not uvcrlouk llic fact tl.iit when
tioiis \\ft\- liiiMi' l<; ilH' liirni -lod
ail
an> alil'' t>) help en llu' f'urm luiil otini ^(i.).i wo/o;
tjicy icprc-i'ht 1^(1 miu'li a(f(Jii.ii'iial (jnpilal at uuiiiiiiainl. On th*' (illu-r luiiui, ii
Uio iliiiilit'ii ari' j;rii\vn n
man wiiu lak
aitcntii.'ii — siici
a wife, witli a ;_'run|.i nf litMi- t:liil(ln'n- v
lit> lici A ali lu-r can,' and
man statui^ vii\ :iiiu.'li al"iii' in ilw cnnti-i n tli flu' work of tlio
farm, ami ill' i-. In a vrry groal I'Mcni, pii'vcnlt'ii Irniii .^ppplcmcnting liK« casli
(,'a
pital 1
)V ran HI)'' \\ ii'^r:
Tlic iMitlay oi' cajiital wliicli ha ; bee
n (Iviail
(•(i ^•nal)lt■^ a !naii lo providi* too.
t'nr lii.-, family, and I) '^(^'iirc (^lici' Mipplics w liii'li arc 'it'i'i'Pr'.ary for tlicii* camfurt
hii! maiiV yrais niU'-t riap-i' left re he wil! be aide, witli thi> .•^impli- acciimulatiun.s
nrisin.i^ tVfWii that .-mal! rajiital, tn vMiltiv;ii',' ihi-
full ana of IGO aciTs of land ii; a
tlioroiiudilv -^ali-facforv maiiii'"'. 1''
" tl
\'ci'\' mi
il
nT ot iiic 'ami
l\ uli
> I'- a
hw <.
earn
wai^c^, and Ilicrcliv add to the capital at command, roprcsont- an additii.'iiai cie-
im'iii (.if .-tron^lh. li is alyo evident thai vlicii the cnlirc' outlay i-- limited to J^'IOO.
yreat economy mnsL be exercised, and the
I'e niii-^
t bi
Ml re
erv I't'cat care iias boei
no miudieiouH expeiuii-
^:ho^s 11 in tliii^ i'('.-ij(e<'t in thi' ca-r of tbof'f' wl
lU
liavc ci'iiie tn tliis setticmcnt, ami the bn-^inc-'sdike nianner in which the moiioy
has been n^'d, aft(>r being only secured, may bi rei^'aided as one essential element
ol' success.
In the fullowiiijr Table 1 1
\H\V Ci
HecteiJ the deti'i"^ whicli were otlicially
r(-
j)orte(l as the results — calculated as per (k le— of their lir.-'t year's crop[)iri:, tven
iuji — ranifin^' from tlie 1st to tlie '28tn oI June —
-in;.'le ]iUim_'liin;j; of tliO turf
WiK-u jfrown nmier \er\- lar.e sow
ujion land wjjich ha<i b
of llie prairie ; —
:en prepared for the s 'ed by a
PHODfi.K l>i:i! ACKK.
Pot.it or,
Hrn-lev,
,lo'nii Macdrmald
Alexander Maephersun
Huslmis, Husli'.l.s.
.>;«
I)
.{(it)
Alexander Macdonald; 200
I,
111 lain Macpherson ,
Mucph
Uonaiii Macdonald .
odere
M,
A I. -MS .\b.'(
icilona
ormii k
Id
'iO'l
200
If.O
:>5o
200
10
•JO
■10
28
40
» lats,
HilstiolH
50
40
f>()
'10
■JO
"5
40
40
Averai'e 2ol
42
Jt
will n(j'.\
'.rahle lo iintire t
II' e.v o
I'l'ssioiis of ooiiiioii iriveii bv these settlort
iiKiivaluaiiv.
letters, w
make tneir stafoment more exact, 1 shall quote from their
own
liich hav'; i een phii'ed at my dispo^^al. I do so with tiie ".'renter pleas^ure as
I know the writers, ami their -tati niems av
tions, and <iilier coi7oborati\ ■• testimciiw
'(■ lai'u'e
Iv confirmeii bv rnv o\mi obser'a-
,/-^w;4Afe,io7i'j/a writes ;— " I am \erv well satislied with my location, and wifhtiiat
nil my fi'iends and nei
'111
ghbou
'nt.^er , '•» here the letter I jil
rs in tlie old Cnuntrv had as u;ood a footin" as 1 have iiere
e It
riie elimato ia healthy and the land good.
.ikxanJer Mi<cph:-son writes :-'-l atii t'eatiy ..1eii;:lited witli all I have seer_
of the eounlry. It is deli<rhtful in every res|,.ect. The s-oj] is rich black loam lyini;
o\\ tlie to}
) or ciav
and 1
im
estone Piibsoil, pleuty of wood, water, and timber, and I
Misli all iiiv iVieals ucrr here." ]\\ iiiMilieT Icitcr lir sivy."-'' \ |iliuiic.i (1 lu^lu'I.; of
Cofiitdcs, and I L'i)( 60 bu.sliC'lH fmin tlicm. I pii t]\v .>-<.i'(l •:! mi 't'ltli .Iiiii(','aii'l they
wt'n.' njic or! rl.,- J8L1; Jul*."
A!</in..if'r Ma-'ii>n'ilil »\riti'.-; "I aiM vrry \v<'ll jiloa-'it witii tiiv farm, 'iI-k
witli tliiM;liiiiiit«', ami vcr, llmniit'iil iliut I Lt'l tin' [hm)]- nM . ouiiti v \ .".in ;Misii!ii.'
!nv frifinl.-J at liomi.- to (ioinc a- "-noii ii- rxi-'idlc to tlii'« Icuiniful l.in.l it' 111''
Nn)-tI.-\V,-(.-'
iVillittm }faci'hfri^on wrid's:— "I uniKM'-tiiiid tlnit fho liurvosl will li" raliii-
lilt''' at I'ist tlii^ voar (18^.'5,) nn account i>f the wciithcr Ix-in,!.' so wft. ii ix •.(■'v
il'tf't'n'nt from our harvcf, Ikt*'. T ijot in all tlw vv>^y- witlK.ut a sin^'U' iliMp \A' vain.
1 'lad flic corn all in unl tiiPPHlipij in tlu' ontl of Si'iiicinltcr. I dont mo 1 tvll yi.i
anviliiii!,' aliiiiit the plar.e, for Donald McCormick K'ft iiero last \v('(l< for LJ'ist,.
Yon inris' ])i!if-vi? cverv ui)rd ho will sav to vuu. for I km.w l^p^^il! lell von (lio
tnitii"'
«
Lochlin MacfiherKon write-- : " I am vory will sati^^lic 1 with my farm in f'\i'ry
rtM[ifvf, also with tlio climate We never .~aw weatle'i at leimi' liKe llii'^, and my
farnent wi>h is that a.ll mv friends aad neighbours in Scotland were ii. re in this
heautit'ul farm'ii^ country.''
Donald M'U'donald writes: — ''The lunger I am ie're the better I I'ki- it. The
elhii'ite i?' Iiealthy, the weatlur vi-ry oood. Make no delay in coming'." In ;inother
letter he •iay.'^--"A man tliat would send 2 or il soii.^ to service ami ^^fmietimes
workin" (U.-^ lands, would be a rich man here in a .short time."
Ji('dfn>k MacdvniLl writes;--"! aoi ver\' will .'sati.-'ried with m\ farm, and f
wo\iid not "(1 back to Scotland altiiough [ wunld ^;''t t'tOO and all the projurtv \
left."
Anri'ia- McCormick \(Tite8:-"t am very ^lad f.rr my change from the -ihJ
Boubecnla to the new Henbe(;ula in this beaiitifnl far went, ct>untry, of which vve
di'l not kn<iw anythiui,' until now; the only thinj:; I ferd sorry for h that f did not
come here in nu' vonmrer day-, l)ut, however, I feel <i;lad to see some of my family
\i\ this i;ood co'utVtrv, and hope the re8t will soon come aloni;; with ail my tViend.'^
and neii^hbour.-. The climate ii^ji^ood and healthy, ;ind the lami i- to any manV,
sati.'^factioii."
John )frKui>/ writes:— '"We wi,'i\- afraid aliont the wint'^r till now, (le^ -
as you at hom'\" When the s^now he;j:ins to'fall it will cmie so liiiht aiul i\r.-
r eatinot notice it on my clotiiimr We can work outside every day ue
Thoio'h ice on the ponds is al-ont, 6 inches, our house is very waim. Yon h
uiain''tim''s about milk and water frozen inside, but we did imi tioiice aiiv of
vet. I asked a iiran about winter a month a>:;n, an i the answer he i^ave 'v,is,
w'inter ia notliii ^, and [ believe hiin lunv. I was out early one "f those cold >
shootins rabbits. I am always out every day before the sun rises. Deer are a
here verv numerous. I happen to come upon 6 of them t.o-day, but I wa.'^ un
to do a!)y iTood for I had only small shut in my gun. I am shooting a.s many ral
as I like."
nmr-
that
]ik»'.
e;.fd
th.u
, I.Ik-
hty.s
liulif.
ible
AiilS
/;enflW J^o/>;''r.'')«iJ write.-:— "There is little trouble in raisinc crops in thi.s
eountry. The cUniate is verv healthy, far beyond the climate of Scotland. 'J'h<-r'.;
IS land here for the landless, and homes for tlie homcdess, beautiful land of the
8ettin<r sun."
10 —
J li;i\.- n-c.-nli'.! tin- iii.li' i^i iiii tc^imouy '>f ^ln' i^rouit of I«83 Hclllers, in
ireld'ciic t'j .'iviii;: tiiiv i
[( taiuvl
itiiu<"ii i)f niv uwii, fur llii.' well known rciisoii
that '* III'' t'liin \n1iii wear.- Ill- -li •< , Ixsl knows wliopo it pini-lies
Th
u;re! is a
arc U.I t':'.|irc-'siu!i J vl' iciiM'l, lini i .rnn
1. iiroiu''ioal the entire ^oii'-i ul lottors.
'lier«
rill 'ief^irt iluu tlii'ir rnciii
1. rt
inainin^ ni
>llaii(
w m.
i;u)i]C i)V(.'r u !•! -iiarc
>iini!viiii.r Ki iK^t.f
ll
re purl-
liich haM
ic want. 1)1
!»'Mi itiu.i'
:!' \vi
tlnir j)n),s|.t'rit\ . It Ih, li'.twcver, r;k:lw'P
lid) hiis liri'ii
iwu about rfomo o
f III
:iio\v iiiat J! iIh'V wui'
rfpi'i tiiij^ tliin soUl'tiifiit. Till' orij^inal settlers
■ r ivi, ■■.■U. -inil lold ;h.'in '!ii' whole truth, tliey
lu lli'.r I'ri' 'iN, ;iii(l told A
Avonlil
II' >!
ih lirvfl.
T
J(JSC
(till r- w I'j li'iN'c euii)'- (.lilt Jiiri.i_' the ])resent
irf; Cueir friet ii< at lionie that there was
t to
i-:il
tiea-i.ii (l^S-l,) are >h,HiiL' 'heir
jio <i<'Ci|>ti(.ri 111 the pri vioii^ 'tateiiu-iiN. One ,if tli(>.-!(' iifu ^ottUjrs, Hannll
Morri.'on, v lii. ap) "ar-^ I'lr a tii)i(^ to ii.ivc iuuJ little uy ti<> eonliaonce in tli«' ropc-rtu
previ'iii-ily sent 'icnn
wrii'vJ intni
■lllctn>iit as t'l-
low
s : — " I have to tell
^ MM uljuiit in\' la'
letl
(rill-
1. i
ti-tO aerf-> uf
,i\\
i,
ami
I like it I iliiTik it cannot be
er, ann
I
um 'eiUtrr vmi
vorytiutli. 'l'l)i> lami i« liitc the West End Park,
'("liiTO i.-* !!iiil/(^i' III; my land, an I p'c!:ty of water al.so, and plenty of
^ood hay. Now l\'ter f am n llin/ yi'i
'roth.
1 i-aw the Henheeiila men
are t'
-rtllej.'
lKs;{--
w
I- y, <
wiM-e icliii:^ tin- iriilh. l!
i'H' a'Miec
>m(
li
)\: ilip
Of ai (iiU'.e,
re iliinkitiij; tliey were telling lies, but thojr
I write more, but take
lIH It
lell
im
I
w:
n )
aie
ir iicipi I'lifance.
()
1HM,
h<'." q'lot'i' on n
sav!
N
u\'' i:i
«;ernin;: tli.-^ v;iiiMitrv I nev r did
lU-l ~ullioe iioiicrick Mchaiii\;\ riew settler writinii; in Jniy
tiie lirsl \)\i.v)<:. \ am j/'-iug to stale tu you the whole trnth co
ii\i' liu-. I oiiiitiv,
Tl
!.s
ill rami'
lieie
I,
It;, unyi!
5)eo]ile w
like it xcry \^e!l, but one tl
<';iiin' Ik re, iVn ti.i- \".ir/i','n are v.-rv Hcare.e hert'
8'jotl;u)d, IV m any other country I
tht boiiiiie.-t ])lace under the sun.
II
wan
Tl
10
■it y ar are well otT now, I am v./ry j^lad, in thiH country.
til ii;; lam .-'orrv for. itial I lid not ^et marriid before I
b:
veil in
pre.sem.i
ilu' inMlemabii suciir-i.
whicl. ha.^ attended this
seitjemeut, a word ijf caution omlmiI to ui- ^'ivi.'n a^a nst the templaiion to 'j;rasp
more Ian
1 tl
lau can ue
UTintr
•Id. .Mtl
famiiie.-^ lo'.-aled .»n the land, and these ha\i' ki pL tl
K.lU'ill
Htll-
diiiiaii'
<::at.i
a IK)
fur
It
here are only fiti Crofter
Ives a.s C'.iiiijiaet a- thoir
aii'i
and otiKT eircniii.-tanee.^, na c permilttd, tle'y are nmv npiv^aii
icart .-.
m..lik
■•(juare imU
wor'
'I'l
Mil ccHs I'.liiih ha^ attended Lady Gordon-
pie.srnt ••ta;re
I'l
•k, p
lltie
till' pu,s,siliilily ..if that work termmaii
ns: a
t til
le
e- e.\pi.'rm)"ii; l:a> rcMi I iirl_\ '.ri'
d, and the re>uh i> a ilefinite
lie li.cts ut the
eiH'
■Her
j:o\v
iM'.-il I!
movemen
jnerease m force uniil w jia-
i.i'\ i./iui tilt' limit.-: o
irivi.ii.' 1m-!i 'volenet;, and can
ii;iv oe ..'rai.pieii w
ith 1.
itu-
:i.s)aiure ol this kmirdoiii.
rut; t:AST i.i./V.mi.-
^K'l ll.t.MKN-
ipproacht'u i hi.s jri>".ip
.\I
emiirrant,-, who ai'i
oo^omin, witii ^..'iic aiiMctv, knowiii'.
a'ly e.xperieiice ■<[ farm li.'f, or i'\'en of count r;
that te
life
il''d a few mile.s li> the
V, if any of them, had
1 \va'<, howexer, verv
1 that they had so ipiie.kly traiiieil exporienec, and i^■ere
uted, but txceedi:i>jlv cheerful with their lot. lu comm
on
had
?i .'re(ably .-urpri.-ed
•lot only c'lmfiirtaiil}
with all emiL'raut-! wiiu have nu! be,Mi acciKstomel lo couiitrv life, they had t
acquire (hi- ixperieiice, and tht-y bad to learn how to ;suit themselves' to their
ii(-\\ oi'ciipatiu !, 1 am, however, bound to ucknowledtre that I have not t^eeu any
■I'liiiiiranis trnm our MiiLrli'^h Iowa,- and cities who have
thtim
iN'es to their Dc-mv
con
r.ti
oll.S III
dd
i'mii.'ra-is In
capital nad I
foo'l fi,'!' tlie'i!' faiiiiiic;
hfe.
eniv
leconc-' (iwners ot'
leeii s( t a-t
ir fhiiii ii.-^e
on th
laail
am
qni(d<!y adapted
hou'.d be remembered that thi'se
that a rfasoimble amount of
J,
Uli
eaulifnl park-;ii%('. di.stnct.
that th'.-v w
M
li.V
had
1; by its culture they were raising
'i-e enjoy inir the clear bright air ot a
irea.tv
.■come skilful in shooti
UiT w 1
id
— 17 -
Ltlers, 111
1 rcHson
civl iH a
, Tl»er«
biniii^^ ill
', r:t:li*'r
> of tlitt
votllcrs
ith, lliey
])r(^setlt
, iiannll
•' vopi 'rtrt
- lo t<;ll
III not be
.(1 Purk,
ilcnty "f
liii'ii "--
bill tliojr
liiit t.'ilre
!; in Jul}'
Ittll CUTl-
ry I vv'Hfl
m. Tbc
couritry.
Ill' fort; I
led this
'ji;ra4p
Crofter
fi'^ tlioir
al the
li'li'iitt*
veiiien'
ml can
th.-
lia.J
very
>iiiiiiori
lad to
(heir
II any
apttid
^lll'.t of
raising
' ot a
^ mid
X I).
Miv;kH, iirairi'i fowln, and luiies, ami it in but natuml to auppone ihut buoli oo'iditioiif*
cf life, HO utterly uppo.-ied to cverytliin^' witlnii tlu'ir cxperuMiri; in the east uf London,
•iiould cause thiMi, »o l.r irippy, Ji'-alMn' uii J pposporons.
Oui vviinan Lo V, honi f Mptikf ri'.'^poounj* iior lioalthy-looKinL', boys, naid, "'Ah,
.-•ir, tlicy (.an riiii i:lK'at licro and j)lay wiUionl bciiii; a truiihlc to anyb )dy ; they can
aiiiurfe LhoriHt'i\('S froiii iniiriiing lil' ii'i^l I, ^md f^ome day tlicy 'vill !•■ little farim^rH."
lather t'lnii^raiiti wi-n' pro'id to mIii-v me 'lieir nrwly jjrown putiitop- and other irxrdeu
[irudiK 0, and other, were liig'iiy pioU'f to talk of liavinj^ n oiw or a jiig. Mossiv
.•iufion and Son', of Ileadni,', had ^yA then! a present tf ;i;(U-df!. seeds — iTower^ and
vei^eiaMeK — ami I am ^u^e the nn mb'T.-' of that iliin wonlil have hetu delighted if
tlii'y could have seeu !)• \v tlie-e j>eupii' '.ilued thi-ir i:ift, and the (jrowth of .'•■o many
•)ld friend^).
ItvAiSonthc 8th of .Se[>trmher, iHdl, that I visited this -■ctth.-ment. All the
'mi^:rant3 I saw had eithc" linisiicd i'T were linirihing tlu ir lumsef" for winter.
fJoiierally speakini; ihey had d me so h\ huildirij.r ni- a double thickness of turf. Their
potatoes were hein^ rai.-cd and ^ored, and ino.-i of th<' in<;n were goiii'^^^otV to help in
?,
eltiriu 111 the harvest and thre*' ii;; tiie corn on the Assmiboiiie l arm near lilkho
n eacli ca'^e lanil had been prepared tor tliogiowih rn wheat next sea^-on, but in i
leantitne a supply of oatmeal and fuel wili practically represent theif vei]iiiremeMts
;,\
top v.itl) Ihe proiliu:e ot llie i;;ijn, liie garden, am
Ih
the
cov, riiey will live w(.
The
neral sclienu,' of this seftleinent hirgely corresponds witli that earned out upon the
Gordon-Cathcart Settlement— each family having lit'en asdstv'd by a loan of jLIOO,
viiich has been K-ciued upon the lands they h"ld under the Dominion Govenimenl,
The coiieeption and organixation of this settk'ment vtnginated with Sir Francis do
v\'iiiton ami t!i< Rev. llngh Uuleatt, vicar of St. Ji>hijV', Hethnal (ireen, London, the
colonists being chiefly selected from liis |iopul')uH iiarish Tiio necessary capital was
advanced for the purpose by the Haroness IJurdett t'outts and other friends, and thua
1^ fanulies have been successfully tran ifrrred lo Canada. During (he winter prece-
ding their departure, the heads of theso famiher; received special instruction, inclu-
ding that of an ambulance class, which has proved exceedinszly useful t'o rhem. Mrs.
.Id uleatt also most kindly made arrangeiiieuts for their being taught bread-making
;ind a system of coi>king suitable for cidonial life. Tliis instruction has iiot')n!y been
directly useful, but it prepared t!iem for learning many local habits and practices
v^hich would c>therwisc have been learnt by a dear experience. Then again ihe (^-vre
'aken of these emigrant.s after tht^y \vt're placed ujion tlieir land-, and the general
assistance rendered to them has been excejitionally liberal. In fact all these details
were only reasonable and proper requirements of the scheme, wiiich, luider the cir-
• iiinstances of the case, were riecessarv for securing a satisfactory result. Herein has
len
tred M
le ex'-eotumal .succos.s these emigrants jiave secure
d. 1
see nothiiu to fear
for the future prosj-erity of the.se emigrants, fo; if ihey progres.s as tjiey iiave liitherto
done, they are sure, under judicious guidance, !o become succes.sful cultivators of a
ditioiH of hapjiiiK -'s and prosperity btfore them, of
rie,
in«l tfenerous .s'Cl, witli coin
l.ond
on
^vhich the} 'MHild form no apjiro-ximate c<'nci'piioii m tbeir wretciied homes in
THE .IFIWISII SKl'TI.KMKNT.
.\ii especial interest naturall} attaches to the Jews located iien' by Itie Loiuhtn
Mansion House Committee. Like the Mennonites, they have found a new and happy
home in Canada, and a freedom froi." a!! persecution and injiisfjce. They consist uf
various nationalities, for the .settlement contains the famiiie.s of
10 Polish ;i,nd llnngariai'i Jew.s,
U) .Vustrian Jews,
y German and Russian Je|ts.
i« —
Ih' I'l
llM'llff'l flV'I'l I'-J (
t..|.
■1.-
ii I- hir'/f's I
;!fi
Mm
nil'
111' \i. U''
\\
\.< I
111- Ml'
I ll'll'lll I \
\\,
i>r
.1.
M
Mill i.t the rini.i'lian Pariiic ItiiiUviiv, U'twccn
imliiin. T!n' siii'i'('H>l'iiI iirL'iiiii/niion v.f llii>»
:.| iictivr rjiro 'f Mr. U'lirtli'iii.. of WiniiifM'i:,
Inn
pros
• I'll fill f'iiP.«f nii.L'i'iiiit-
lu-v
l.;i' ( liii'l j.r.irtii .il ui- 1 nicl i. 'ii i^ I;ii i *m'1
ri;.'lll '.Vi .1 llil-' II'
liii.'i li^i- I ••' 1^ ■■'■
■>ri •■y I'l s
,ri -I'l. I ■ ' I
II iKi tc'
aiiil ;j;iuililii
iU'tii;l!K' Uf<
,|i-i-lini'_'c.| (11- nil
'•••■'i I >]• f'lK'll I'l tl
.r I'.
(Ml!.
A
ai
l(
I n
ll'ltl
',20 .1
Mr T
iiiiip'»«iii, .111'
T'^-. nt" ll|ijrnu;;lllv '.OOil
Ml'lUUf
>ll ■!.■•'.
illl'l-. O
rl
lOii.-rH
'II. .11)1
M
I I"; I
..I nilllM'-', IIM
liiMpcrlv I'l uiifil I'Mii^'-i. 1 liil^t iitlH'r.'J :irc
1* nn.lcV cr.']. I'"!- tiu'li fiiiiiily 'liiriiiL' flir
iiriii,"ii-
n I'M iii;iil'' tor ''iiw III;' II.' 'rr
Inii'l
next Hjirii
111'';, I '\ I !i 1 V( .Ui'lllIM" III- nur I- nt tllO
'• h ■ I (Ill's ". Il' . li.'iv I i.i> I'iMi tii'tvl
ir. Il
'I'r til.
:i ii'lii
ciialil
III III)'
1 I'l i-a
-(''.•iii'it\ "I till'
r'Mii ■•Jil we I
'Ull li\' xvliicli
Ml in
-cMli'f I-
u'liiiii fiif rcmlrriii^ help
'. Ill' I'iiriii w.'fk. It i.s
il_\', HII I
.Itul, lUli)
till' -nil!''!' lui'l lii"^ fiuii
'ii'i'.l ii|i<iii ill
rr. nil ii' )iiiii'i.il'lr I I'l ii|'at"ii.
i,.M!in II
Til
-I
alii.ur i~i ai all liiiio-' nn iir.])'>i'tai;
'II
li'iMtiiKi I'ur tlu(!-0 who-
iniciH
! t,
Caiiii lar-'clv, an
'I tlic
I.I.
1 1 V.
\v liii'.li ■Ml' ^-'O coniiiionlv-
JUt
t'rroii"nii
pi.'lc i a. J IM in^' puiil ill ('ana' la, w lul- 1 lin'y liu\ ■ ta\i-<r<l ilisappoiiiliiinit
iiiin'iii-' fUi.- \\ .>ii<tm'ii, havi^ cIk'. kcl I'i'pilali.-'-' iroi i ir''iiiv lliprc. 'I'liC ratr- of
idilv aiul a'ivuiiia;:i "ii'^ly rciJiiC'''!, I»'U tli"v ur*' ctiil quite larj;e
\vaL'' ■> iiii"
l/i'i'ii -It
iii;:li In tiialili' '.viirkiiion ti.i pro-idT.
I':
\IT-S' V'
I'll!
ari
'I 111" c<
'(•••t \s iiic.li I'lialil
illi III
incut '^liouli
an ii'-iia
il Ik- iIh' lai I tlia; w liii'-t he <;aii livt
ai'C- ait' ii')t ^oiij, tor Iho.-^c Kcv'P'
.1 kiiianV lot. Idit l\iOfo payments
rnf^pcr. 'I'l a u'liMii fariti lahourc'i' tlif fjrrcut iiahice-
iitrv ilial .'lipital \' lii*:h a.lvNi.rc.- tin
wuti.u'lalih ui> till' HUP
It' WU','frt UH
1 ii» Kiii'lainl, III- cai
I.'. coiKUlio!! ' of f.ri'< iitci pi'n.-",a'rity, and he inH'd
h'lvi' 111' ft'ur (if liciii'j; iinalik' to -uii|"'rL luniHch' hi c<iiiif trt iiK oM m'S'. ailvaiice?. Tlu;
ra<i' "itii wliicli !n' tan .^"(Mirc laii't fnr liin own usr anil Ixiiciit, ciialiloH )>iin to i>ro-
iiuiti' iIk' (loiiifnri ami n't.'ifiiM' of liib t.imily, as well a,- iiiaivi' a provi:iion for liis
iiiiuri'. liiiriiii; liarvf.'^t ami ili'^i^liinL? tiiiii' this yoar farm liihoiiri'i's have roccivcci
;,l ihc I'lii" nj 'Jo,-', wi'i'kly ill adiiilion to tlirir fcxid. I'criiiaiictit wiirKmon liavo
tlic ,-aiiK' i'l'v I'lO .■aiiMii'i iiHiinli.-, aii'i in iho w'nU'r tlu'V will liavc I8«!.
n I'tMveii
WOCli
ilv,
Ml
tl im.i!"" worl
IS In'lll
g done t'lr this rii'iimcralioii Mian we are
aocM
tir'
icsn
/vS ;:'ii.'i
udi'kiiit'n
tniiitd In '^«'<' in the old (.'oiintry. 'I'lioro arc two cimiiiHliinccs which favoui'
I, Till ilimatf 18 hiit;ht ami inspiritiiii:;, sii lliat, iiifn oati Nvork with hiiL
. and ilii' ^aIll(^ n^-ult is also lavonrod by tin; hotter fnod tlu-y recoivo.
lad fiu'l is to ill'.' hoiici if the' stoam riipriiu', so is good or had food to the
ihoiireis are often fed, rtannot.
little fafigni'
1 or I
r
ii.-e w h'l l> linw ,'ioW w
11 r a'j;ra:iiUiii;il
'Vl;Il
on
Ur at llil' wearv performance ut lahonr we soiin
r nn"st climate
\VI
len men aie we
limes notice, and e.-iu'oially in
lave to lahonr iuI'I't hriirht and
■iu'ci'ful i-onditioi'.s (if China!
iiicv
in
ami
verv much more v\i"n"
« nil far les.s..
fitiiiin
t'lt
n- Iil-el\'('
an
I He
rt'iii'.i wliK'li is I'o 'if'iieru
lly oh
:erva
hi.
l.'j, tn the pi'.'si'iit time ynni
iniimiri ii'i
I mi'ii hii\e had the preference in t)ic-
Xoi'ih- \V( -I. h. i:au-e ihc} .an hf moic cheaply hmisi'd, that is, " ln-rihed." So Inng
tis llio farnnr is so '.'prn'raliy ohliocd to he content with, the very iiinitc'l iiccommo-
datioii of iIh' lo.tr hut, it 'an searecly he ex[ieeted that, married lahoiirers and their
Willi better ipiarters. Putting np coilaiic accnnimodatioii for
families can i'< provn!
fiie nnm
il men w
hi.'.l
I are r.'.purcil n|
inon a farm, is^an e.xcelK'nt mvestmeiit.
e.nla;;i uitl
wdrkman tt
am
I th
Pin
'I a r'lw,
would enable a marricl
ihnroU'ilih
Wf
w'.ih twi 1 (v siiillimrs we
kl
V 111 ailditK.n a
the
vear
.iiind
eo-t -of
abour won I'
le
ari>>'!v
|.>cn'a«e(
1 h^
such
ittaifc-, thf .voi'kman v.oiilit tie more je'ospci'ons, and he would hasc a
iuture !>i
f.ito him f'li! of h'ltie ft.r himself aiel his f'amiK
\u ci'iun
t t.lii.'- w
tilt of
Itl \'f til is
rVirmtpf'v',
•-. Tlicv
Hull, aii<{
flllv '.'OO'l
>{' liimM's
■tlicr-' ;ir<^
lll'illL' ill''
it Hpriiii^.
■rill 4 lii'fp
rk. Ir IS
iiiiy, nil I
;inil, iUli)
lu.'-i' uho-
)iily — but
KjilUlD* lit
,e rat'- of
iiite lin'j^e
|iHyinciit.i
t iiuhicc-
\vii'j:oh ftS
1H' IKM'ii
;e.'?. The
[in to |,ro-
1 ft'T his
rt'(ji'iv('(l
lOll llil\f>
KIVC 18«.
we uro
li r.'ivour
with liuL
receive.
Hi! t,o tiie
ciuiiiut,
lally in
L''lit iiml
';ir los.-;.
\v
~ I'J -
iirc'jiiiiiKjihitioii ((.r tnarricil liiViitn-rs iiiiiy he triicoit to the I'nct, that tlie iiiaiijrity of
thoHf fiiriiiiii;^ himi iii t)ic Nurth-W'.si liusi- not um iimk h ciiiiilal at (HiiniiiiiiiJ as tlwy
iifcd. J'.'inijiraliiiii tu Ciimnhi can -carccly lit; ^^uiil to IiuVi' hccii (".cnl hiUaiici-'i
hillicrlo, for if oiH -hull •'(' the t'.\i)Ciiihfiin' wiiich lian I .'i-n tniuh' lii liilvc wiTJonci
into Ciiiiadii iiad hcMi tiiuilc inf ol' in a iniiinK.c caicniiilt'.l t^ cticnura;.'!' mi, iiillow cf
ini'ii of cHpilid, it would huvc hicii hct'cr Cor tho.'^e' whu hnvu •{unc iiiio ihat cul'i v,
and it wumIiI iiavc iiiurc lidly adviincid ilii> maicriai i>n.»;icri!y ^l' (Jiiiiada. Now
'hat iimrc iKTHt-n* willi .siitli. cnl rii|iiial nvv taking up him! in ih- N'i>rfli-\Vi'.-t, wr
may fiiirlv anticipalt' lirltt'r o|iponini:lie-i f\ir manii'd hihon r-. I \voiiid irnpi-i'.,*
upon Huoli occiipKr.- of land, tht iii!iii\- tM'uiManiral .uid .socinl ad\aniiijri' un-iiiu'
iVoiii this pri'\is|i.ii h'-iii'.:; iindi fur niainti! I'arin i.i''u:'. rs.
Till"' will pruhutily lie av cunvii ici.t a tiuK- a-^ (uiy t'ur draniti;: thu ai.u'iiti'Hi ['
tho.-u whu an- mo l.ciu'vol'.-ntly a-si.-liiii^ cinijjraliun vvuik, to tho Mntnchn' iiiipuri
ancc of iiiakiii;^' a judicious scdi'ctioii of pcr-ons lur ihi^i purjKj-^f'. Ii w aihi ('<;on<iiiii>''<!
the fiiiidH thi'V arc willitiu: to (.'xjicnd, and it wouM .sci-inv far iuum' i inMuritgiiig
.■•cyultft if they wuiild rcaii/f,- tlio fact that whd<f guud larin Mrvaiit^ iuive a very
ii.ueh hetter I'haner uf doinj.^ well in Canaila than at iioine, thusi- v ho arc ik' up
Id the work lui\ e a luindi liaoler tine. Canada does iml svjint. uur '• iii(;a|>ahUM.'
and \M- do that culuny an injuMtiee h_\ -eiidiiii; any of thin i;hi.-<s lu them ^he i^,
how.ver, ready tu weieuino and to uli/r eonditiuiis of pi'usperits to all who are
worthy of lu-r favors, 'J"o the iiidustnuiis ainl cumpMeiit wiikinen fir whom thiU
ooluny ean tind enipluyinent, «lie otU'rs a tiUure hrigiitt-r and inure hup'lnl than
any \\ liieh tluy can secure m our over-eiowded eountiv, 'J'lio.ie who can eii)j)luy
lliem-elvet< on the land and wliu are reaKy prepared for that v.\u^< of oeeiipaiiuii,
ean he neeivi'i] without any Jiiiiitatioii to tlieir luniiler, and they will do well. At
the -ame time it should he remeiiihend that hirmern in I'anada will no loii;,'ei' pay
iTood wages to ineoni|)eleiil work men.
Car|)eiiter.-j joiner-^, Lri( klayers, smiths, wheelwiinhi, liarnoss maker.-, and
nii'ii of this ehi--*!-. *vhu are up to their work, oaii al.-^o he received in any numlio',
fur file rujjid development of the C-aintry will find sueh men ahuiidant em| loyment,
and wajies raiijrinjr from 6-!. to Hm , ami in .•Jume ca-ie-s lO.-i. a day. Manufactorie-s of
variuu.s kinds are sprm^iii^ up in .all jiarts of Ccfiaihi, and in ■•oiisei^ueien' persons
haviii;^ a know Uvlji^e of any u^fful maniifaeture, may find very ioiusua! adviiiaa'^os
in Canada. it is der-ii'd, as far as it can h" aci oniplished, tu produce within
Canada nil liiose manufactured prudiicis fur which lier \arie(i sod and i limate >rive
iier tlie raw material. 'J'he depoMits of coal and mimral wealth iuuieate that t^uuada
\silt soon take liiuh rank In I'eascii, "f Ikt nianufactiiriim ca()aiei;i!e«. I'or lli".-<'
I'casons >killod worl<ers in any uf oui' manufactories' .-'le.jul 1 not o^e'look C mada
fur it may l)e tliat, she lias ,-pe»>ial advanta^n-s !o uller. .Vs rc'^anls ihe mining
Industrie'^, it may he stated that the de\eiopMieiil of th" mineral \eaUh of CioKida
will yield many and ,^real advantages to ihu.-eA\lio are Viilliii;.^ to ta,ce part in u.
n tjio
So long
ommo-
i their
lion for-
lit. A
Married
1 all
such
ave a
•vaiit of
i(
Tlie inllow of youtlil'nl emigrants li.as heen a double hli'ssinj; tu I'anada, for
■vhilst iier people liave gained much, tiioso who iiave hern phinted in iliat colony
have, with lew e.\ceptioiis, secured a happy future in life. This work '•epresents
one of tiie most hopeful -sections of Asssisted iMiiigration. Tlie chief scene of acti"n
has necessarily heen in tiie older pn>vinces of Canada, especiallv Iti Oiitar.o ami
liueboc. Ah vet 1 liave only been able to visit two of the scM-ral ltome< wliieh Iiaye
i>een establislied in Canada. J wim pli-ased to inspect Dr. StcpliensonV home, in
llamiltun. under the guidance of W. K. Sanford, Ivsq , of that eily, \vlio has taken
oiucli care in (he distribution ; 'id ov(>rsi::hl of the boys ami giri,-. >ent over to that
Home from ditterent parts of I^nglami. J am glad" t.i knuw that they ai'-' doin/
well Within a mile of thi- in.-titutiun we have tlie Shai'tesburv ilome for boys
- 20 -
who liiivo licjMi tr:iiii((l <n (Mw umk on WMvy f;tr?M, ;^llr^oy I'li'-ir ('ana Ii.ki
iluMH- H iin.l'^r tlu iiinfint-viii'-iil of Mr. uti.l Mr-. NVunl, vvli,, u'-c <'\c(.c.iin|j;ly ^v. l|
niioliliril for »liikl |Hif'ili..ri. :.nA iiti'li r IIh'IT wikti liful I'lirr f.|i»' Doyn iir»! ^lUliinjj
Ij;rt'iit i;r»(lit iVuni ihfir «'ii,|)io>('r'i. I pftiutot nutiimciid llicm nnjrc higlily than \<y
iiviiii.' tiny i\rt' iloiiit; t!l^•l^ \Mr' in l<« ipiiit; up tho liicl. r('|uitiitio!i of tin* i>.uvnt.
ii-tninioii' II Ml- fiitiri'l"' l»<'yoiii iiiv power lf» vmji t.li.- I'orohtc* Iftiriio for Dr.
Ifiiriiur.lo'rt liMVJ, .>r tin' 1j"IIi«^ i>i j(irl« <'Ht ilili.-lie»l liy Miss Ilv and Mi's Mio-
jhorf^oii, rc^ptt t.vi'iv. In Qm'li"C rroviniH' alwo, i\ very ltciU 'vork of « Hiniil/ir
Km.l I- b< 111^ riirrii'.l out fov (.liirini.' Koiiuin ('tUliolic' cliiKlriMi aio-nufst hptHcr*
liolilih!,' l!lUl I'i.llil I \\U>. : " '
after I lie,! r''i'( u\. ii-jiti'tK.ii.
rraiidfii {•< rvi ivf u very favoralil'- n'|inrl. of tlic'^o lioyn
One (.'ori.Mikl ;ti.l ciirisistfiit ti' till!.. My i.-i ;:ivoii ni^ to (iic ''oinidctc inaiiiicr in
wliic'li and .id 'if ilif'-c; u'ri'H|* "f i.li'ildron liocoino Itlcmled into llto faniiiien of
tiicir tjiiiili.vctf. It. i- wortlty i.f nolt' lliat altlioiiu'li tlioMO (ddldrt'n v ore all fri-o
aj^Tid-, liuviiiL' ftdl |io«(r of "ifavm;; tlieir .Mt nations tlift c.ai'^i aro rxc(>edin)j;ly
ran- in «liich 'lifrc i.- any nci'.'v-J^ilv tor llndr },'nardianf In intt-rvenf on rlirir ludialf.
'I'iiiH i" tl\o })\>n- '■Mii.-faolory a. all llif.-o hoyt, an! ^'irl- arc kfpt iii rt'gular
coniiMunicatii'i: with tli' ir r<'.'<pcctivo homos. In tlic oa-o of J\»> j^irls it IH
('(-•p. I'ially nali'^faciorv to kn.uv tliat by sending tliom ont to (.'.inada nt tlio earlv
a;;c's of from I'i I" IG, mnrh iri'uhie liivfi byon avoidt d, uiiicli at one time caused
oonsidoralilc anxiiiy. \i- tho residi-ncP of tin; settler- m the rnral di^t^lct^ of
the North-Wes-f improve in their aocom.nodatioi), fut will th.-.-e children iind their
way amonj^^t ll.em, hnt, until ."ncli improvenK lU lake.'^ place, the work should he
<'.\t'ended there with <'aiit!on. We nui^t not. however, deciive onrnelves hy thirikinj:
that the sni'ics- attiiiiied in the pa-»t jn tili(^, ov even eiiooura.'e.'^, n more rapid
truM'.'it, of t!ie«e lioyn and L'ir'-' thronirh their Fpveral IIome< in Kiij^iand. Hitherto,,
att.'iit'on han heen }.!iven to train them somewhat earefolly in hahit-^ of life
conductive to their fntnr.' iiro.-{ierity, and the .-iUCcP.-" .--ecurod hi\t> largtdy
correspond'Ml with thi' care Neu hahit"^ of life and now principles of action cannot
he tinnly planted in tho niind withont much [jcrseverin^ Ciire and [jmlonged
aitentioii. I know the temptation which exists m Kn^dand to let onr tiiou.-'and.s
upon thonsands of wor^e than 'h.'ss hoy,'^ and j;irls rusli throujjh onr various
in.ititntiotiH too rapidly, even in tlie de«-ire to inaKc r<jom I'or other.^ So long as
proper care is tak'n in jrivinji tln'se boys and ^irl."^ u suitiihU pre( aration, so ioiiii;
wi' niiiy wisli this j^ood work every 8nccci?s, hnl the rncawure of the .^uccesy will lio
determined bv the (pmlity of the material sent, rather than by the supply beiiijr
lar{,'(.
OAPITAt.
The enipiiry is oHen made: Wbat capital is reqniriid for t'arming land in the
<.'anad;an North-West, and what rfiurn may be fairly expectdi under good
m.'uiagemeni ? To this I sIkiII ondeaNor to j_dve a distinct re]>ly. I have already
|.'ivt>n an example (.f ableb'Mlied crofters entering upon Kit) acres of land Hiicces-fiiliy
w itli a capital of £l't. In my Report of Odolwr, 1883, 1 gas'e one of many instances
of wiM'kingmen commencing to hoM IGO acrt.s of land without any capital, other
than their own ialxir, 'vliich th'-y bargained awa;- from titne to time in exchange
for pionghing, seeding, and harvest lielp rendered iiixm their own land by tlieir
employers. If we extend the enijuiry we ehall (ind every gradation of capital,
from that of labonr alone, up to £4 in casli per acre. A good deal of attention
has been given to the niilii'.ation of small and insnfl'''ient capitals; but I think it
a matter ;'f great im(iortan(re t" look at the position < if afiiiirs from ■wiotber stand-
point, find show the manner in which a full Junoiint of i.'Vt)ital may bo advan-
tageonsly employed, l^efore doing so, I will (pioti' from the pni li.-ihed liaiid-book.s
a stat.-ment of p.ccounts which is commonly adopted for showing the results arising
— '>1 —
from tlic iiM'of a "Miiill 'uititu! of iil.iiif *.1'0. I d" 'o '\n nf\vr tluK tlii"<<' rr^iih-'
m.'v Ik! fuiriy cmilrii.' tiil willi tho iul\;iiiiii.'r < n'MiIfiu,' fn.in the uhc <pf liiii;;<' ami
''<illi« 'lent ciipitHlH.
Kxi'KNDITl'HK.
/ 'iriii Vear : — I -'^
* )\\o V'dUi' '>f n\ili "17
<)iK' c'oa 7
IMoii;:li mill liurrow 7
VVll'.'p 'D I I'l
TriiploiiK'nls ami PuiulricM I.
CooUinn utovo, Sic
Furiiilurc ]2
J*roviNioii8 ;")(»
1 I'.t
r,()
iSVivin./ Veur ■ —
Food and iinplomtritf'
nml iWr:— ,
IiiU)Icinciits Jiiid Uuciv 100
F<) iilli Year : —
.Stock t\iid iinplcim ids 120
Kt'ci ipts ovtT fXpciidiHirc, in
addition t(^ the value >>' stucK' ^ 1!)1
and iniplfiMents on I'ffrni
UkCKU'TS.
in )
X (;l;i
Sffond Vfar . —
Twenty aoR'H wheal OG
Third Yntir : —
Forty aorefi wheat 102
Fonr!/> y»ar : —
Seven tv acres wlu-at
Xi (ii.'i
Thciricro.i.«e in flio vahu' of a seHlerc land slioiild tiii^o be taken into account,
for any one taking up a free hornes'tead really increat^es his capital hy any increase
in f.lie value of his land oausc'! by his own iniprovotni tits, and by the increase of
^ettieioent around hinj. It is well known thai as Hcttlcint'iit proceeds the neigli'io\ir-
uij^ lands iiKirea-e in vahio. Thii~ we frequently llnd men of tin- cla-'^ seleeling
frep homesteads, iiuprovin:; tlieiii, and iiaviiijj; seeiiied their patents, ;liev t^ell the
land witli considerahie prolil, and n,ij.n'a*e to other free hotnesitads wiih a (greatly
enlarj.a'd capital.
I will now proceed to j;ive details of the expendilnre made upon three farina
of 160, 320 and (>40 acres respectively duriiiji; the spriiii; and .'-uinniei of 1^84 by
iV'od practical farnierp, wIkj had prup( c capital at command. I have added the
further reipiiremcnts for eacb of tlicMe farms tor implemen: -, which accordiii',' to
the juilgmont of these three farmers, will lie neoes^arv in the Hprin;^ and summer
of 1885.
19
w
H
lor-t =
KaK.M '■•riH'K P' K'llA^KM.
Fa It VI A.
(ICO Acres.)
£ K. J.
so
10
•l '1
11! (1 V
1 .■)
[■>
;; I'j
2
171 1-J
GO
12
! 7 (1
7
7
!■ ARM n.
(320 AiTC'f.)
. £ .V. ./.
172
-10
r,
lo
! 1)
2.">
S
10
Fai:m C.
(6-10 Acres.)
£ «. d.
600
;;;,, .■■.■.:::.:;;.■.": j
2-^0
r,n
110
25 4 u
i),all '...
'!^,A- -
kll'l!l:_- HiMJK ?
(•!* .,,.,,
20
''/.-(' '.7/ .>•(,.
Sri).
s.,,..i
202
G^
1 2
17
7
7
107:; 4
2r)0
30 f)
17 '»
7
Sl.i^
'l
Ml, -I' ;ui I farm liuilillnijrs
V !)(' •!! 1 ll 11 It * , . i'
7
l-^l 111 1;
;03
100 (■»
HH (!
300
700 G
;j]7
:)4o
'\\>V,\] .'
;r/.i 12
17:>2 4
m
W.ii,
iiployo "
!i\ I'lii.iit , '-njiply (if hor=t'S ami rami i'uplomeiil--, a'l.l witli men
I'fv out tin unrk, the .i.-f (..fculi -, a'iii'.: un acrfuf whcut inuv he verv
't.i cjuTv on
-nfclv cali'iilati-'l at ih
e i..liu\\ iiiir (;iiariri;
Breaking a;,il Back-elMiij; li5
Seoil '.' , 8
SuNv inir all
llr
d ][ai'r(j\vin_L! 4
rvi'Mii,.' an^i Tl.iiv-hir i 12
On jioOii lati'.l, iuiil <zoo<[ n ana.
iinii'
n'DMi
i'2
2't !ii .'?0 hii^hds niav l)e .«afolv
ivliod upon. wljK'li, \\ itli n j
fn'.e fati.:u,
frcm 2h. '.>,!. to ;??.
Iiusiiol, L'ivcs ii rotuni
oi' aiKiut t-l |.
probuh!'' tliut
H'l' .U'
re for tl:
ann w i
1 1
oh of th< tliree faiiu
>v so'.vu with -.vheat in tli<
entni'e '{uantii}' ol' u heui liimwii
r iy more than
aire a
ly ref'iTed to, ahoiit 80 per c< nl. of tin
r.'ilculat'.on iMie .'"'■
\v eacli
,f il.
-ecunu ye.'!!' We lua}', tiieretVire, extend our
further, .mj a^^ lu ~]n.r\\- t)ie {.iMfit arising from tiio growtli of v\lie:it
~c ea-e
1.
I'he losi vt' ;4in\viii;j_- tlieiu-t I'ro]. of wheat should Ik> milled U< the capital,
eeau.-',- the exiienOiture li
a< tn 1;
e ma'ie
bef.
ire the cro[
t i:an he securei
1. i I
lave
alriila'eii m ihf furc'.'oi.iu .'•lat-nirnts iliat ail tlic \\(,)i k is du.ie hv hired mo
If
i:\
^^ARM C
10 .
\cr(
'■-.)
£
.f.
d.
lOO
ISO
6(1
u
90
25
\
20
)75
4
iry{)
1)
3(;
17
'1
(1
7
317
(1
?40
'3-2 4
•,vitli
men
iiy 1)*.' very
£
.
.
ft
.
It)
8
4
]2
£2
safolv
'S il
rottini
nii)re tliaii
t 111. oi tllf
oxteiKl our
1 of wlitit
tlie fanner does fiiiy portion uf tlio wvvk, it would dimitii.'^li tli'' ox[iciulitur(' s: mi'
increase the prolit ; but Uu'so oalciiliuiouK will be inure gemrivlly \i-!"ful iT we
etmtiuue to ussuine tliat all the tuljor is paid fur. Wc iir(> in'u in a jiosition i^,.
detenu ii\e the full auiuunt. uf eii|ii!iil euiplnv<vl upon the^'/ fanu-:.
Fiirn>.
I'lxtent.
(luplenK
and Sit.ii-
Its
k
i '''
1
Huge
«
T.
Caj
.till
lital.
Acre-'.
£ s.
d.
1
! £'
*J ^
d.
.c
H. d.
.■\
UM
374 12
'I
2()(i
[V.] 1
12
B
.^20
701 1 c
' 520
(1
1:211
C
(MO
17:!2 1
1 IClll
t
2772
4
He wild h.i.s ^utlieif■nt capiial Uj euiinair liis land liiKfiuehlv wfil i-.iw crtaudy
coiuniand a large Interest on his (;a|iital. a^ I .-hall lierearte;- nmrf ciearly pdinc
out. If tiic j.rr"Wtii of corn should Ik^ deereasc'd, in nrdcu' ihat a ^y^retll of m'xed
farming may he adopted, this oliaugc would, liy prudent mana^^'enuMit, tend raiher
to inerease than '.^ decrease the ireruu'iil jtroiits. Ther.: are e<in-e.;ui.-ntly luany
and great inducements for th? investment of capital Rut we must remeiaher
that the remainii;g 20 fier cent, of the land — wliiili was uliI, calvudatcd upon 01
the al)<>\e statement as _\ i.ddiiig any direct profit-^ — this land will, 1 y its pr<idiu:tiou
of milk; meat, piiuitry and vcgetahles, docreiisu llu^ ci.sts ,.\' the honsfiludd to a
very small amouiit, and the al uudant supply of game will also tend lo econoniisi'
the cost within the Ip u-e.
I>('aling a-: w- aiv in (iieso maitrrs r,f ihiance with most iTtipdrdmt imerest--,
and it. nmy he fur the wflfare and liapjiim-.-- nf iiiany. I have Ihou^dit ic de.-ii'al)le
lo check tliene statements hy infoiniatii'U oblained t'rom aiidtlni si>uree Throiigh
the kiniliu\s8 of Majcr \V It. J^dl. of the iiell I aiu., whose k;ii.v\leilgc of the
(.'anadi.'ui North-VVe.-t ra!iks v. ry high, I hase been -iipplied with liis statement, of
tiie expenditure vvhich may be ad-antageously made liy a geuthnuin in o(;(Mipy'ng
200 acres of good land, assuining that 60 acres .'ire brought uudrr tr"p in the lirst
vear, l-tO ficres in the second, and 190 acres in thf tlurJ year. His farm expenditurt?
!s — as in the previous insianijes A, B and C — kfpf 'nd( pi'i.ileut 'ii houselmld.
exjuMiditnre, and !in\ pu'-<l\a-e >>r laiid.
1''a(;m I).
Exi'tNOni'iif: ix l-'iiisv Yi.;aii.
.■ capita],
1 have
men. If
'.) Horses and Harness
Hand Plouijjh
Harrow
^\ agijc '11
Seedrr
Self-binding Reaper
Ruckb-ard .■
Sleigh
r,w
balKuir— 1 Man, 1 Year
" l!\tra .Man, nar\e«t, 2 inoriih.s
GO Busliels Seed, Wheat (40 acre -)
25 -> " Oats (S) acres) ,
P-'tiitoes for Planting, L acre '
rhre.shing 1 500 Bu.sliels
• )al,- and 1 lay for lb 'r.^es
!
(.'"ttage and Farm Building.=
1
£ s . I i .
120 u
6
7
10
1
60
b'
7
14
t;(i
12
15
2
2 8
16
20
'&-■ ^ 0'
oO'i (!
CiC^' ■■'
24
ExPEN-DITlKi: IK StCONU YeaR.
LaV.'Our — 1 Man and 1 Ku\ ■
" Extra Man, iiiunth- :
200 bii^hclH Hfi'd Wli'/at, at 80 itiiIs ],vy Imi-Iu-I. .
See,] Uais iumI Im".'! <)ats
Hay
Thro-liing 4,000 Im-hel-^. at 5 ft'nls per hmliel, . .
Twiiii' for B'ndi'i'
CoiitiriL'i'acierf
• *•«••
£ .«. a.
84
36
:{2
:-?6
15
40
7
20
270
m-^vtmmmumm
ExPfcNDrn.'llK VA XillUD YKi.U
Outlay a.i in y<'(;und Yt-ar.
Extra' Cost ul" Threshing. .
£ H. <i.
270
12 8
£ '. 282 8
We uia\ now l)ring the^c styttnients of fxiH'ndituro Intn (;'>n8trast witli the
nnoipte for tho same ])orio(l.
Exi'iCKDlTUHK.
First Year :~
A:- i)er ttatfinont.
£ s. d.
665 8
Scco7id Year: —
A.s per statement 270
Third Year:—
As j'cr staten)ent 282 8
Excess cf Heceipt^ ovc-r
Expemlituie ;r;H i i)
£ \:>'M\ 1 1
I
First Year: — ,
lOOO bushels wlieat, at 80|
cents per busbei I
450 hurtheLs oats, at 40:
eents per bushel I
Second Year: —
3500 bu'rl^o]^; wheat, at 80^
■;ei!rs per bushel i
500 bu.«liels uats, at 40,
cent.-: per bushel ,
Third Year:— I
4750 bii.-helK wlicat, at 8o!
cents nc:' bushel
500 la^shelH oats, at 40;
ctiit-j ]ier biii^hel ■
£ '
£ s. (1.
1 (10
:{(".
560
40
700
40
1596
25
Major Beil calcubitos tli. t, after tlu, third your, altlKMifrli tlio cai>it.al investeil upon
ilif farm has been re-paid, tho animal receipt.H and expenditure may be calculated
upon as ill the tliird year, showinjj a clear annual profit of over i350l). Resultf such
a.s these are far too important to vc pa^'-ed without applying to them even a further
test, and I liave therefore taken data given in connection with Farms A, l! and G, ^o
as fo place tlvem in contrast with "a'di i.ther .vh well as w ith the Farm 1).
Farm A.
Expend ITU BK.
' £ .•!. (1.
Fir^t and Seconil Year 634 12
Third Year \ 260
Receipt-i in exce.«H | 145
J: 1040
Kechtts.
£ .1. 4.
Second Year 520
Thirl Year 520
£ 1040
Paum B.
8
ExPKNDirtTRE.
Rkceipts.
SeciMid Year
Third Year
£
1040
1040
!■ £
Fir^t and Secund Year \ 1220
riiird Year 520
.)
i, .1
\)
Receipt-! in excess { 340
£
£ 20K0
20.^0
P'arm C.
(I
(t
11
Expenditure.
vl".
4
16
d.
Receipt;^
V'wi^i and Second Year..
£
2772
1040
;!47
S'.^con.l Year.
Third Year..
£ «. d.
2iiS0
Third Year
20HO
Receint.'i in exce.'*s
£
£
4160
4160
Thus in each and all of those, ca-'es, in which there wa.s f^ufHcient capital at
command, we have u very satisfactory uniformity in the general re.«ults, which ^oo.-j
far 'o explain the iminen.se success which is commofily observed in Canadian
farming, when a pn.iprr amount of capital is employed. Tliese results clo.^sely
confirm the statements made in my previous Roporf, in which, after referring to
pome excellent farnisi around Brandon, T paid:— *' In all these ca.^es the prolits on
tw<"i vear.s' cropping would repay th-' purchase of the property and also the outlay
for trie improvements,"
'H\ —
It. it*.
Iiiiucver,
;'8irain
Ll(
wiiil^i .«h.)\viiifr
til
nvjit mlvaiita;:os of li:iviii
unioutit or ciipitiil
liiiviii^' sni.'iUfT siiui.^ ;>.
time in iiir;iiniii;x tin' saiiK; !'»■
f<. iivuid ihrowing any iiiiiiccf.SHarv discoumgouiOiit. upon men
a their dihpuPul. Those jtersuus are bemiui to take a h>nget
suit.
Ta the case.- iiameil wy liavc .'-<'eu the aceuiiiu-
latioii u' ptntits nei.li
re8\jU8 are q
1< ly sr
I iiiakiii_ij; tlie reeeiptn grciitei tliau llie exjK'iidilui
Micr
sraim
.1,1
)ecaiiHe a
11 tiic arraMire'iiieiil-i are tlmr. mglily i;oiiipli'te.
if tJie arrntif:<'>nerit.^ are iii'i perfectlv tir'.'iiiii/'ed, propeirtii)i)afely mure time lias t
l)efriveii t'.M-'seciiritij:; ai)y <;iv<'n r.-siift. There ir*, however, one uireal siiti'^faetimi-
fur'if the (le^-ited rcsulL
ami
.slaii
u -ome jiiu 1
( e.-i.
•irt
har- to I
however, one uireal siiti'^faetioii —
I, matters roll on eomfortahly ir the interval,
r e.\er(i.?f'i, if i^ iiot i ietuiinili'd uuiler irviiii' cireum-
(iciav
ii( hiuh ji
til "
te Mmitll ilrm.Mld
rcenta'fe which i.s ohtainahlc upon capital ijrutlenllv mvesteil, nn-i
I'or
n-ic
:t>eTi>t.'.'
yea!',
case
ii\ ai'iiliie I'or
it it;- havi
'ii'\v ii.'.'e-tment..
;ra\e a con.<iileraiil
or tor the rei
8iim
.•ear liv
n,i;l.
•1, t..>r.
iweil
ar(
liian yhould hmit tut
it-lit of liiUi
ioia-.
a\'ment of tlie capital in
hii- ci'iiipellcd to (.:oie-i.lcr, wlu'lhcr a
hat he can t'orlhuith cultivate
;ii
\\:iolc ui .111
Mhcn
:ii n.anncf, or wiielhei lie ou
:hf
liav,
iiior*!
eommaiiil u
poll ^viiich he
iinv iii\e-;
t \<i^ aci'umulaling protlts. There
\:\U'
wil
,1 at hid
ditlorchcec)!' opinion amoii,j:.-t pnictical mind> uptui liur^ pouit. lor it is arcep
nil that
an
,1 i.- cl
pf extended opt-ratiem-.
lean, ;iii le
in
idit'onal extent unoht.
he .-icrurci
»e no
d hv
to aitmit
piiry rather i'Oi=ol\e-' itfclf inio a ipir,-tioi. rt dei;reCj
Ijicn,
however, eujinion.-' \\ i
I dilit
M
nmion i.-
tn it a m.iij
wli
i»
i'.;: Aitii 1
Ictclv .-^toclv
lol'nweU
f'arn
[irn.
com J)
h(i\>-evei'i
'ar!;\-r marum lor ex[
,il;
tullv sufliev'ii lor 1(10 acre.-
IV Xi)i;(J — mav
donlil.' lii.U
uaiitity I '' hind in the rea-onalilc cxpcctatieni eif
n.iT
ae-re.-i,
ai.il
>t p;:.y!ii'.'
if}' the lir.rri
he iV)^-~esse.' from XtlOlt to €700 capita
lie ni
illl-'OII
In -U'
h a
lie
mi<_dit tiik
ly prudently
I capital,
irive him
rr,
self
an
additioiial ;!20 acre;
of Jiind prov: led lie ran poi.|[,.inc hi-' payments in tin- pur
a-jc of
-udi .lan<
so
lia'l come ■-\ilhiu (■in''-third of his annual prolitv.
1 eo.pJla' ;it lii.-^ coniinaud I'or t or- 5 years cenaiii. may fair }•
that th
borrow Cl
of land f<'r each XIDO ji/nl to him : tin- l.in;;er the time he can nrain tl
man havinj:
'.0
.eves
an
tl
le
greater i.s tlie q\ianrity he may siicc.e(-;.-^fu!!y work, a
d If th
capita' II-
tak
h the
opora♦ion^■.
mav
wdnc
'■> acres for ea( h X'lOO. On the other hand tlie .shorter the period for
is own he
lO.'lll i>
m.^ .-ervicc,
the mort' comp.
■t h
e .siii a
Keep
'd 1
u.s
Tn securing lani] to adndi of Puch ".xtemlcl operati.'U.s, he .sNouid a'way.-^ 1)0
lided by the polden rule, that, " What i.s worth doiiig at a'l, i.- wortli doing wel'."
iiat portion only of his lan<l wliich can he tljon, uglily well cultiviitc.!, .'(Inuild he
brought under tin' f)!ough. Tue remainder ,>..houM be krpt as unbroken prairie
f
anu b-'
encroac
used as <rra;img gronmip, or as
iF fo
>r mti
ki
ng hav. Thi.« will be steadily
bed
i[K>n by the j)lou.
:hr
ic cultivating j)owcr of the farm incrt-ase.s.
It will be evident from i\\o i"e)r"going .statements that a man -^bo enters upon
hid acre.- of land with only £75 of borrowed capital, will have to w^rk very
zealously tor several yearri — 7 Vj 10 years — b'.'fore be can get his land fairly stocked.
It is true tliat men an doing their best with ten .sl.dl ings [ter a(;re, and even less
— suj)porling themselves by the produce of the land — but they continue to labour
year ill te: ye", r in e.iimplefiiii: tie ropiirements of their farm.s. In other word.s,
the profits tie y m.ike, irave ' > be invested upon the farnt as additional iMpital, but
each surceedieg y.'jir .showf better results, and ultiTiiately tlie land will be fullv
stockcl and propcly cultivated. Any re-i»ayment of cajiital during this period,
must b( a cl eck upon the attainment of the high resuli aimed at. 1 must not Ixi
mulersf.. d (o sug^.^t that this long continued eflort is of neccs.sity .a troub'eel
coiuiition of iilV. On the contrary, if tlie emigrunt can have the loan of the capital
.•"or several yejirs he will no (leubt realize bis hopes by increasing bis capital fnnn
10-:. per acre nu a farm of ll^O acres up to £2 per acre, and be comforlabie in l)is
home whilst he is doing it. Hut w'oat shall we say ot Lho.se who are endea-
^:.wn
vourin.'z to nccomplisli this result for 320 acres, or even 040 acres. I venture to
27
rhitilv- that tlio provi.-iioiis (if the Di.iiiiiiinn fiiiinlH /Vet arc in ftu'li case-' impi'Mivrlv
u-m1 even when tlic Ic-ga! Odiulidipn- aro nl/'jcrveil, ami that tlic laipl i- tluH lit i'lg
liiokoil-up in a mo-'t niulfniralii*' maiincr.
I have ah'pail\ p.jintoil <iut how iinportant it is that wa<j;i.ts .-hnnM lie carncil
I'v this chiss of IS. tticr and hrongjit in td snppli'naMit their small caijiials. The
i)iarice<i sncooss of the GonLm-Caliioai't s(.iiloi> tannt he hii\<iuly liact'd to ilici!'
ahility to wiii'k. and to the faoihtv witli wiiicli the\ ohtaincd ij;.iod inipl'ix inrnt.
Tiiis pl"n)('nt ol L-mmtoss >hould never In- io.st si^dit of,' bucansf; it shows thi; illlp<nie^•
llt' land— wiiich mi^lit !)(■ oeeupi'/d Uy oinployoi'.- nt lahour — being nwek'ssly io( ked-up
liv men wjiii uani empKiyni' iit, and ulio tlnrelv kt'Ofi tlicir liost friends— their
WMiild-be ('iiipeiyors — at •■:. distance Irnm rhem VVo rtHHiuii./e the faet tiiat able-
bodied settlers, wlio have a proj)er ae<|iiain.<ue'0 with farm work, eaii malnrain
tiiemselves :n comfort on the iand, I'lit we also knt.>w that wdiea they can .-npj)le-
ii:ei;t ilieir .-mail eainlal by rariiiiiL; sonie wajres, they make more r;ipid prngre.s",
and Meure mwic CMmlVirt-. Neither mii-t we lose sight of tlie many ditlieidlies
v,]i;eh arise iV .n families of ihis (dass being .-o 8(;attered, especially in relation to
edncation, mediee! care, chiii(di ~ervices, snjiplies to and from stores. Take tii*^
easeoftlic L) (5 Crofter families spi'<ad ovei iaO square miles, and we can readily
understand that even their patience and endurance is ot'Ien severely (axed in
ciiiisetpience.
AVe may, liowevei', vi( w the j)Ositii'p of euiigrants of ihi>s class from another
-land-point ; i'nv f am satisfied tiial their eum'ort and prosjierity may be miiterially
imo'eased hy adipting a modified ei.ii:-ie of pr'eediire. I feel t lie greater conliden<.'i>
m recommending sindi a cdiirse, as we have clear e\ idence of its advantages already
evisting in Canada. In the village system i<\' the Mennonites, we see the advantages
i.i'assoi.'iated liomes, and by adopting tlie alterati.iii- whi'di their experience ha- shown
to lie desirable, we Jiave a jiraf.'fieal gni<ie fur locating workmen under condititni.- of
itnmediate comfort and ))rogroHsive pre'speriiv.
VII.l.Af;i: SETTI.KMEVTS,
The fir-^f variation [ suggest is, that a nmaUer quantity of land than 1(50 acre.s
-•hould be taken up by eacli workmaii. The ((uantity of land which he can advanta-
geously work will be ih.'termined liy the cash at his disposal, and liis personal
ability fnv work — conjointly these represent his available capital. As a general
rule wln!re £100 has been lent to an emi;'rant who is an abledindied agricultura
i„n. 1. ni (4. 1 An... „r i_. 1 ,1 i.-..i.i.. ...ii- :„..* r-... 1 :... r., ., .i ,.,.
rule win!re xlOO has heen lent to an emigrant who is an atile-li'xlied agricultural
labourer, lie will find 40 acres of land abundantly huificiei\t for him. fn stieh cases
I he division df the land may be oonvciueiitly carried out in the uianner indicated
in ihe IGth clause of the Donunion Lands Act,. This quantity of land will be found
sufiicientlv laige to permit u Wdrkman devoting io it any [xirticn of his time, or, if
he speciallv desires it, he eat; give up all his time to the work. This (piuntity of
i.,r,.] ..-;ii ,.;%.,. i.;„, ,....,;. \..r i,. , .i- e.....^ .i •> <•.,., <..,n. ,.;«i.j;. ., o .w...f'o
spe , ^ . , ... ^ J , _,
land will gi'-o him year by year a surplus of farm produce for sale, yielding a profit
iif from X30 to £;j(), and it will at tiie same time enable him to raise you n^ stock
for ultimately imdCrtaking ihe profitable holdin<z ul 160 acres of land. In the
meantime such a workman maj' make his famiiy thoroughly comfortable
wuuld be steadily becoming, nore, and more pr'isni'rou-', fur wiii!~t
I if from £30 to £;j(). and it will at tiie same time enable him to raise young stock
■' ■• - ■ • !n f
lUid Jie
iVduld ha\e
quite as much land as he c'ln make n.-e (if, b win.ld m^t Ik- preventing 'inpliyei.- of
labor settling around him.
ii is ihe ne.xt matter f^r C'lnsideraiion
referrei'
been d.H'oted to buiUiing the hou,-e. A turf
The question (.■( house accommt.idatioii is ihe ne.xt matter f^r C'lnsideraiion.
he several settlemi nts already referred to very little i.f .the loan capital ha
1 d.n-oted to buiUiing the hou,-e. A turf bouse, or else a lug hut, has been
enerallv constructed bv the imited labuur of the fauiilN'. A.s a rule such a hut
' ■ ■ ■ ' ■■ ■ ' ■ ■ -"' ' - ■" f life ill the
mini ill IV (;iiii^ti iicteu in iiic iiiiiieu lanuiii ui iiu" laiiiiij. rv..> it iiiir .-inn n in
gives very insnflieient acc(ini.re*ilati(in tnr maintaining the decer.cies of life in th
family, and much vvbieh ue cuiidemn in the liousing of the poor in Kngland i
repn^duced under these settlement s(diemes. I am thcefore bound to reeommen
.-lime sub'-tantia! contribution tow.ird- the building cf fbe home Tii like maiuu^r an^
SAvtemaiic fencing-in nf tin.' lands of ihese settlenun'.« is rarelv att(ni))ted b^-ause of
the expense it involves, but no one can doubt th.it it i« most desirable that it should
be done. This assi'-tance for liviiise and fencing may in t!e^, present instane.e be
limited to about £40.
18
d
28
I huv ' iilrciiiiy dctaiit'd ilif lifst example vl' thf (.'Xiifiniitiirf for t'ariii .slock
ixiuglii for v'orkm"^' tht' laud ujioii tlu' Gonlou-CiUlicart ("ecili'iuonlrt, bul it will be
tiovn th.u :vt Im'.-I :t oiilv gi\t'^ :> "i H' ii'i'f '^ voko of oxen [vui half n plou;^li, wliiv.;li
many Hcttlor.s do not &nov. 'v.w 'u ni;U\r um; of, (iiul in? li.'i> ibe fiirth«r diliiciiltir
of not gct.tin'4 ibeso until lit!*- in tli'' Hou~ion. I think it W(;ulil be ^rcully to the
advaiitai^f of tlu- oniigrant it iii .sy-^i'-'tiiatirally oi-j:;ani-^iii'i; tlio .•-■■'ttlemt'Mt, arrango-
munt.s wore tnaloior j)lou;/!un,L' a'i;i ,-owiiig It) or lo ar.re^ of li:a land by contract
in advuMCf of lii^ arrival. "A '"W widi a i-alf, a p'.g, and .'oirn! poultry might al.-io
be st'cured by the liiUL' ho roaolu'd hi:- land, and iIiih exjx'ii Kturc in farm sturU and
crop would piaoi.' Inin in v. caniition oi' ini:ii('ilial(' comfort and he would bo able,
without delay,!,') t»p(^ up Ins tini'^ for ciuploynu-nt eNewherc. ili^i live, stook and
oropx W(nild't!irn yuld t\">d for ii:.-' family from the tinv: of his arrival, and the
Hiir|jlu iirodiii'o of ilii- land ;'.* lii-i lir>t liarsi.'.-'t niichi b; udvantageoii-dy expended in
piir> buHi'!'^ additions 'o his farm .-tock.
Ttir i.'fru'r;ii outlay for i^a.'l' family, upon ihi- plaii, would bi; —
E„\pinditurf in lirnj'^.ii.ii; tin; family to tin' lai.d -t'2j
I'iXpcndilur<> tor iiou, «• and fences 40
Tiliaire o'J land and live .-tock 35
XlOO
Uuri/i;.; ilie tir.-l year the .cuii^'rant -iioulJ only bo ivquircd to pay interest on Ui''
loan. <vlii<di ur.j'd represent about half a ilay"- vvork in eaidi ueek, but a fair rttart
havu:(5 I '.'< n '-e.'ure'.l for h'tji in the manner proj.'.sed, the aniiiuil interest and
vme-fou-ih o! rlie entire ca;>iial could be easily repaid out of tin' JL3U to XjO profit.-'
o\' tne -I'ci iid !nu'\<'st. iCaeh sub-eipu-ar uar\'t',-,t would provide tor the annual
jjayni'.i'.is, nit-anu-hilc fhe woik/nan v.cu''' be in^.Tritsmgly pi\.'sper<.>u.s on liis small
lariii, and within li\e year,-: tii,' loan .ui'l mttiresi \vi>uld bt ea-ily n'pai'.l. It may
;''rai-''d a an objeetioa i' (iii> reduction in the extent of land, that it interferes
^vi;,il the j^r"-ent mole oi' .-ecuvin^^ X'iOn upon ihe 1-i'id. No practical ditHcuily,
li iwev'T, need arise, for any portion of the advan.'e which cannot be secured ujxja
'he JMid luny b<' separately seenred upon the •^tock, ciop ami buildings. But the
advantaizes of ihepian are many and threat, 'llie emigrant will bepron^ptly and
comfortably located, and t!''- education a:id medical care of his family can be
P'-ovided for from the time of his reachiu;j; the village settiement. I)e will also bo
placed in a vety t'avorab'e po-iitiiii for m.'etin/ the int. rest on the loan and for its
rej.'ular repayment, so that ii may tie used tV.r otlicr,- to follow him Tliis regu-
larity in the r«='ji,iymont of the ititerest iuid loan, 1 n-jir i as of the utmost import-
ance, and we .jugbt, theref'»ro, to be most careful that the setileaient .system which is
adoptf'd ."iiou'd favor and permit of tliese p.-iyments boin;i made with regularity. If
we ])lace a man in such a positicn that he i-' constantly an.vi.tu- to invest hi.s profits
Ml riiru' -icpp'ie,-, which lie actually need-, we iher. by tempt him to becc>me irregular
I'A his repayniee.t cf hi.s !o:m and interest, t'or evei'- pnyment will le felt to be a
mali'rial clc'L'k up\»\ ]vt^ p;"0.^rerjs.
use of
larjridy
some
provim(
oflii ■
a la'i'ii
small [.
ad-van t;
V:
most
of cajii
/uijrht
as I ha
of pro-
will b.
det-.iil o
should
.sottlem-
should
church
work in
often I
assisteil
<'.Kpres-
rei^ula'-
pound '
settlen;
work Ml
ii\cdie;i
asso/.iat
for the ]
least, hi
faniilv.
]k'>ide.Mhis group of men wlio ha\c a capitil con^istin:^ of bf4h ca-ii and skill,
then ar<- other, who have only their labor to aid them into a better po.-^ition.
For such lU'-n still .-.mailer porti,)n-i of laud are nuist ilesirable. In fact, the jKiint
to be aimed at would be so to divide certain si-ctious of laud that men could
gradually .id vatice from 4 acre? to 10 acres, thence to -10 acres, and onwards to IGO
acre.-: j't ,,i:,y he that this could be better done by the owners of landed property
rather that. !>y ;i Government scheme, but I have" Uiore coufiience in the latter
than in tiic fomcr. In eitlier ca-e it need not iTivolve any losy, but it n;ay actually
be a souri:e oi: proiif to the landowner, whilf-t being of immense advantage to lueii
\slij lia\e noncapital to commence with. These men form a class quitt distinct
from tho-e wii o have been assi^ted by loans. They chvim Co'tsiderar,it..n, because
at present .'hey art compelled to go without land, or el^e lake up far more thau
they want, thereby locking up lan<i frotti met, of capital who would make a good
— 2D--
u.so of it. Wliilst on ilio oijo liiiiid it is most i)iiiie.^iraJ)l<* tluit laii'l -^lioiilii U' -o
l;vr^'«>Iy Ju'ld by the?"' int'ii il iw ol' llu; utmost importunoe tli;U Ilifv hIiouIiI luive
Honit' larnl. By tlu^ jx)--'<iH.sioii i>t' liinil every livlionror \T<nild be able to make
j.ro\i'<ioii tor iidvft 'iig yoari:i, iiii I bi- ub!e to t<('cure th<' neceM-^arioH ani comfortH
of lih- in old age witiiMUt being (Ifpcruient vipon any one. I" accoinplixii tluH objoft
n lH'l(Jor is iiPoded, by whicl\ men can advanci' stop by ^i«p fr-jtii h.iving very
Hiimll [.irni.s to larger iioidiag'^ of iaml, just as tlicir poworst iticrfa.'-c fur ii-ing them
ad'vantagt'oii.-ly.
Villagt? s<»ttl('^lent^■ capable of meeting these varied requireriient.- will be
moHt Kiu'oeSHliil if they arc dottcil about the country ammigi^t farms held bv men
of capital. They nliould not l»e grouped olo.sely togetlnr. In fact these vdlag<;H
miijlit ui.ll be made the centres of a properl}- organized ocuupacion of the land, siich
as 1 have prepared plans* for, in which emjiluyer.-^ may be grouped around villages
of nro-pcroiui, well-tci-do workuien. The arraiigeuients of llie-ie village settlementti
will be largely determined by local reipiiremetUs, which cannot .be dealt with in
detail on this occasion. There are, however, cv-rlain important rcijtiiremente whiiiii
.should be provided, besides the laiid re<piired for each villager. Within these village
settlements there bhould be a village green, as nearly central as possible, which
should be i>trmaneiuly reserveii fur pi.'blic u.sef, such as ih(> erection of schools,
churche;-', and for bke purposes. Arrangenieits tnich a.'^ tlicsc would also ''nabh a
workman iiot only tn engage in farm work, but if he had any other trade he could
ofcen uLili/;e this svitli advantage. 1 rem>'mber jiieeling on the open prairi'- an
assisted seltKr, who had been a black>»mith b'fore he went upoii the land, and he
<'.icpres.-;ed to me his re^jri't at Ijeiiig located eight or ten miles away from any
regularly .■settled land. 1/niler othi*r circuinstumu.'B lie wouM have earned many a
pound for himself, and have been specially useful to farmers around him. Village
settlenicnt>, such a^ 1 jiropose, would -ecnre for a prudently si-lected emigrant
workman a comfortable and happy home, with steady enii)loyment, education and
medical care for his familv, opportunities t'or Sunday services, the advantages of
ussociati'in with friends, and the further euiivunience of havim; stores near at hand
."or the i)urchase an.l sale of food supplies and other necessarifs ; and !a-t, but not
least, his land w>uld give iiim a reliable and plentiful mipp'.v of ^ood fix>d for his
familv.
OHOANIZI-.n SV.JTEM.S OK SETTl.KMKNT.
r have already made reference to the desirability of land being occupied by
men of ciipital, and under more orij^aniiced eystems of :-'ettleinent.. Many and
great advantages would result fnim the adoption of prudently concerted arrange-
luents. Much of the objection which is feit against emigration may be traced to
the breakii.g up of old as.soc.iatious, which niiglit be largely avoided if L;roups of
friends were located near to each other. Instoai of a man emigrating alouc,
there is i!o reason why he .should not make himself one of a group having kindred
rerpiirements, and who would establisli an agreeable associaUou amongst them-
Belve.s wjien th''y reach a new colony. As it is we to?) often see a licitler drifting
about unii'T the coiulicting advice of interested jier.suiis, until isome [lurely acci-
dental circ'unsiance induced him to Heciire a certain section of land, and often
without a. fvHvnd t(.i heJp him he prepares himself for " roughing it." h is pro-
bable that he then sets himself to work to get a lo.^ hut built, and tiirough hi.s
entire ignorance of the district hi: usually pays two or three times as much as he
need have done. After all lu- Hfcures- accommodation remarkably .suited for the
so-called process of " roughing it." Having secured a nueerable residence, w ith
equal v/ant of forethought lie tiien .seeks for a water supply, and a failun^ in tlie first
attem()t is frequent, HLimetimes also in the necond trial, a very fitting intro<biction to
a bad bvstem i.>f domestic arrangements.
•One of th*se plans is given on the back of tb.r Map at the oommenceinent
— :?fl —
It liiilV he llSC'f'ul til Iclllizo .-nlul'thili^' (if tllf !ii;j:-llilt liCf, iillil tnf this (lUrjidPf)
I ivill tiik*^ ii tv|)i<;iil «'VHiiip!<' of n, lint wliii'li I vi.iitV'l in oiic of my pmiric ilrivoH.
Tliiri !iiu' lull ^).iull^('li to two y.Muii.' iiion nl" gnod Kngiisli faniilit"-', wli i litiJ -ridorl
iipnn tluir liiuil alii'iit four iM'iiitii-i li'furc tho tiiiic of my viriil. Tlic !.i;;h of which
tJii.' W'all> wore huilt iiml iHun plact'il I'lic upon unDthi-r iii the usual uiiiiirioi', so as
to (TuiloHO 12 It, \ ]('. t'f , fuiil till' rrivii:('j l)(t\vc(>ii the li';.'> liail hccn lillM with
iiiiiil pliv-ittr, uliii'li rctiiiiu-il iiiiich if it- .>ri^iiial colour ['r.ijec.riu;.' inwards
fn»tn fho li'v! uf lli'' <;i\(-< nf tiio r>i f wcit.' twn roii:j;li tloorn ivliicii fDrrut'd tho
wo r'IcCpillL,' -pilCl'.-, Ull'i li-'I'.Vi'.M tin-.-" tluTf WllH (111 illlrr\ <'nitlji- ^plU■C' of ilhoilt
•i ft. ill wiillli, tliii'U'.'li wl.'oh aril'-- ruulij 1h' had tn cither uf thdr hf dn of
drv grasj. A •• > 'kiiiL' sinvc occiniicd th.> coiiln- of the lint, ji id the xariinis put.H
and pans were fnioid in Ih' cnridiiiin in whii'h th;'\' ^.irt JiMt after rcpciiied
jiros'ious diitiis- Two <^\n\> a.ihi flic rlniUiicj; uf the iw,. ynn^ ninn were hung
ahoiit on llic wall- in 'ircal Viiri(:y. Thi' ifWitlcniiMi llniii-iivcs. fr^-ih froin ihoir
lahi.iur- in the licl I, cluthod in a manner whicii wniM have a-loui^hod thoir
friend. -I at In. ini.' —joined us ^ooii aflir we Inid iii-]ioi:t<.'d the hut.. Wo ^vc^o (I'^kcd
to din.. With them, hut we had •een tic 'iiiieli ill llii> culinary a;'rari;.i;eTncuts to do
-II, iind they jniiud im in paitakinr 'f the liineheoii Mipniics wo liad taken with
\i:>. They wfu'c full uf linpe niid /eii,ihey wvw working hard ami sii';(;e.-"d'ully ;
hut. what parent emild ha.'' ap|ir i^cl (.f llic [lainfu! o.\-perieuee.~ of this so-called
"roiiyhiiiir it?" ()cia.-.oii,dly t.lics(> yii.uie; tueii had .o drne to the iioarest.
town and .-tay a lew d:iy- to j^ct pruperly eookt d food, after whic.'i llicy would
return to uie-k ai^ain, hiinj:in!j: \vith tliem a fresh sture nf j-irovision.-'. ')t'ier young
men when llicy .jo tc tlie t.>\vn-i under similar eire.iiiustaiiee.-: an ofien temjited to
stay too Kinj:, and >pend mor^ n\onc\' I'uin tlioy can .-piire. Who can he siirpri-od
at it? Wi in, ly admire piiivjk am! prudent forhearanc ; hut \\>- mu^t liear in mind;
that their irouhlc-' ari-c from tiu'ir own wjiiit uf care and '^ood iiid>jrmcu{. Tlio true
eau-o ^Imulil he clearly reen^ni.'.ed, and ihen tlie evi's vv! he avided, tVir they are
ahse,lute'\ UTincees<Hrv.
!1
T eiHiM not ret'i-aiii il;e ( In niL'iit liv vs h'tierly their heiy frieuds id liomi' would
have eriliei-ed their wretched lonie-lic arrangement.-, and winild have A^nnd
ahuMilant evjde;,iu ti ilin-irat' tiu' trui.h of that uaiural law which teaches us
" [t is not ''o'ld for niuu tu he alcne.'' It may. liowever, he aslcp.l — Oii^dit women
accustomed to t!ie oiuinary e<anr»its m\' life to he induced, tu live under sindi
Condition- ? Certainly not ; I u', the retnedy con-isis in aviidinu; tho-i; cond.'tion.s,
wliioli are eipialiy iinih for w(.ii,en .and fu- rneri. </*iu c lot de'j(Mit and reasonable
eonditiiiiis df hte he '^ecjircl. and a mail svill soon liud ihat the comfoi-ts (;f homo
make hun hotter ah'e tu undert.ike lus daily dutie.s wiili iiK;rea«iiie- satisfaction and
.suoce^s. Tlie .-.olutioii of tlii.s diflicu ty lie- in the direction of facilitating: the
•■'apply of proper iion.-c -, .-^o thai if a vouiil; man enters upcm the occupation of
land, before utfjor circum.tauci-s perm't of his mai'i'iage, ho may at any rate be
able to have a married hihuuiei residiicj' in hi.s hon-e, wiio.-e wife can see that his
house is kept in docent order, auij that p.-^per cai-e i.s taken in the preparation of
hi>' fooM.
I luei with
.1 i
a iiiijip> I'lustratiiU) "f a iietter -v'-tem of life m the eas(^ of a
bad elor, who adopud a very ]iiiiilent and siicee.^.i-ful ]io'i('y. Jle contiacted with
nappy i m
tv»*\^i vi\'ij ..in./ («.. iv; i/l (.'(i ,'V Ver\' IMICI'lil .HHI .-( n\ »,.".-.-; 11 ' I'\./'H >. AIT' ( I ' 1 1 1 1 riv, n__M J WH-H
a good trado-'nii.n to put up a eouifortali e frnmed liou--e at'ter a prnper .-ujiply ..f
water liad been foiiin!. A married wiukman — who had hue; bet ii in his father's
employment in Eng'aiid— .-nbsoqucntlx resided in oae portion of his house, and
the whole o*' the surrouiidinL's constituted a seone of comlort. It formed a verr
.■striking c(*ntrast, which left no dmiht on m\ mind a^- to tlie plan whicii is liest
ca'cnlated to proniol" a man's inaiirial prosprritv. J was much interested in thr-
varioii- detail.- sriven d. nic of lii- haclelor life, lli.s farm. }>ouItrv yanl and
gard.-n „'ave him a goud vaj-,oty of food. Veni..-'(;n he liad no difriculty ii, securiiiL'.
for moderate compen.-atioii l; luced the Indians to liring hin) a supp'y from time
to linu'. and_ as the tlesh wa^ kept frozen iic had no tieee.ssiiy f.,r hastening dfi
u-o. Prairie fowl and wild duckn he .<=hot and purchased in confiiderahlff
)
31
ric ilrivi>H.
iii.l -('((I'^d
iif wliii'h
irifi', S(» as
ill^.l with
: iii\v!H'i1»*
irriit'd tlio
III' :il»our
I' 1>I.|h (if
■iiius pots
' repiiuied
lero Imiig
frmii ilicir
lioii f.lioir
MTC Uslvod
Mts to do
(ikeu witli
CC-'sftilly ;
■* so-called
If ii('!i,r<Ht.
it/V Willi ill
'icr viii;ii2
vinpti'il to
-iirprisoiJ
ir in mind
The truo
ir tlii'x- iire
inu would
vo found
[^aclies us
t '.vonien
VV HU<dl
illd.'tiotlS,
i.^onable
of iiome
tiuii .lud
tiiijr the
iitiuii of
rate be
Diat Ilia
iM-lioli of
tiiiiiilnTB »'iirlv ill tin' wiuti'i- llo also obtained fish frotii a rioi;'!il>oriii>' !:ikr, nul nil
■of tlicse wtTt' kejit, fio/oii until tlicy woie roquircd for u
iris 1
I ( ' I M i • \\ US
tlioroiiijlilv I'otuloi'tulilo and 'ivcll ap^mintt'd, and worthv of Indng n'iid''it'd ^till more
i'omplcto.' Til'- winfor, IH!;'!-;'), lie vnits lli^ fii' mis in tin* old i ounti y for ilic pmpos(.
of l.nnu'in;; a bride back witt; iiini tf share a- hriglit a eolom.il liouic a- ;-lie ciiild
well desirr, whilst his own sncoess in busiM'sri has lieeii ino,«t .'.iti-liii'lury
|)0Mi«\sfi(« aiMMngfimcnl.s siudi as tbcs"' bring iffdit to :i di.-triet, and imiiiii,' ".ther^
to conie and I'tijoy similar happiu'^ss and prosperity. I'lie mi-craMr !o;^diut systotn
of haclndor life, on the other hand, hrinj^s diMM'cdi;, for many a youn^Miinn having
»;ajiil,il ;:;;i'ls into bad habits of hlV jind fails to sccuri! a su»;(M's- ; he thi ii n-tiuiHto
bin native land and fiirioudy coniiemns tlie eountiv in wl>-bhe m:ul
The ojjponent- o*" Canada know full well li
e ill mi>tiil<r'
ow i'
ir;id.
tai'i- t , her d
I —
uil\anlay:c, am I those wl
,ial
■■ for her lioUi
r I III! "ii;
|o,,K
III
>n
ri
It
IM'i
mav
instil iices of " n. ugh ini.' it " us m e\iry wny iiiinecess.iiy and im si uieloirahle
lie said tliiit there ai'v piod aiid coinforiahle lo;.'-hut-^ I" lie luiirid, in whirli o\i')y
reasoiiahli' provision i^ muile for thi* ("infort nid df'^ieneies of 111 ■. Thi-, I i iieiMfully
admit; iiiit fhe<e points of ehanntei- ohsiou-lv lorni ve lh<ni fVoin rhosi' one-ioom
huis I hii\i' niiide refeivnee lo, atid wlin'h ar<' (jiily loo widi (■iileuhili'd 'o il< ji'ude
and ruin injuiy worthy youuir fellows, of whom their niollifr eounlry i-^ )'
towanl-j whom th(; tves of i
iiiim ari' iioiietu
Uv t
iii'ned
III orde" Inal Emijjration nniv be carried 'H.t with I'omtoif, and a-snr'J
•ft to "^hape 'tself, as it weif, oy aeeideni.
Tiie (iovernn
It slii.uid I'ot I
migration Au'ents and band fiuidc-^, I have b
commendaiioii. 'V\u-\ (.ii-^eharge lln.ii' lespeeine duties .tdiiiiral'ly, but
•■poUeil of M' iel'lii-^o) W"ll .!e-i'r\ ('•
-iinii'i hill
more IS iiec-i|etl
thai
1 eomc,^ wilhin ths
nieee-^-
( iiii'Miint-
-pnttre
if
iieir
uf:e
•temalic iiiranaements are n
•lire t!ie fiille-t
hall lo,';i,te
.ii
workmen near to tne (unpjo-, lU's of
distatiri' of the Keti'-ral eon v enu'ih es reipiired
eci'-.-ary, u l.n.'h
and shall hr:iii; all 'vilhln a 'caMii ahio
■oinfoi'l I if hone' li!e. I i I hi'
.sel.-'f.
il
ion of JaiK
,t
\vr Unn.'s are ruei'ssarv
for th.
he.MiI,
e:^ CnOOSMl
.'i II II
Would milk'- liH jiositmn in a new land not only p
rofltiili
'I liimsei
lb
t, but
1 I •mi
irt-
abli fi.r h:- family
am
eali'ulated to advanee their well-In in;:, .unst si'leet
his lanij with due eonsulerafioii to t
mend that a Viilai:i' SetllemeiiL — s;,
piirri'iimii:iij: i.ir' umstajiees.
1
woiiiii reooiii-
.h as J have already deserihod -should 'le made
llic eeiiK'r vif a properly oi'iianized ^ystem. In thi;- villa.'ze, workmen, tra le-men,
store
p-'-'r-^, Kc'iools, (
hur
i;n .services, niei
lical
requirements, coul
be
arraii''!
i f
or.
Aroimi (he viliiiii;c, fai'ius uf vuriuus sizes may lx> L'rouped. It. n-ay \>.'yy truly I
:-aid that tlies
we liavi
e conveniences arv pro\ ided aroiiiid niost of our lailway station.-
low tu deal with lands which are 5, I", IT) i.r i
are tlic; parts on wliii^h rc;,'nliir settlements iiecuie' moi
are! mut'iallv advantai'cous.
iioie iniie.s o
ft;
am
But
I these
tl
laa ever nece-sarv
a-e of a
ted with
u})ply of
father's
li '-"c, ami
.-! best
d in the
aid and
seeuriiiL',
ri'in time
ening its
sideraldff
\\'e must also remember that emii;rniit.s wl
\o mte
lid to fake up lands (or tillage
)iurposes may be very generally divided into two group-'. We find some who wouM
■viliingly pay for proj)er Ikuisi-s and farm slieddiiig bcmig jiut up, if they knew how
to proceed safely with tlndr work; and there are other.' ',vho have no money to s])are
for the j»urpo;^e. Feeling the immeti.-e imjiortance of assi>tanee being rendered t
th<'>e
:roup,s 0/ emigraii
ts, r 1
lave oiteno
up (;oii
imunications with the obicet of
reiiioviug some of the e.visting dillicufties, and I am greatly encouraged to antieijmte
H satisfactory result. I liave. in fact, already .secured imjiortant proruises of help
which, when more complete, \si!! l,o duly notilied to the ] uMie. b)uriiig my recent
visit to Canada, 1 have been more than ever convinced of ^he importance of further
as.sistaine being given to the more w^lallhy ela-s of eniigrants, and especially young
men liaving cajjital
at tl
leir coirmand, w ho <
lesire to find a safe and reliable course
ill making their investment>- When the requirements are provided — and I ;;now
ihaf the Ih
lieu we
iini'iio!
I Governm"nt are ijivinii to this n.aitcr their hest consideral
lind tl
nllow of \, eali 11 w
II I
je irrea'iv encourairei
b W
|ii|!
.1
also
10 „ .
In) vp fivj^ftiii.'fitl gn Mips III" 1)11 r iip))«'i- mifldlc (rlilM^I foMniiig cinccrtcil scttlcinrnr^ ii)
Ciumilfi, ,«t'Ciiiii>^', tli<r(liy, u truiii^fcrur friendlv ft^Kociivlion? to iiow Mconci^ and atiiidfll.
cniiditiuris of pio.yporitv. Hmii;ruti<>ri Uium ciMwJucUti will <'arry the joyn i.t' linnio
into ti coui'try in which t!>ui imppiiui's will bo lingtitonfil uml rriKJiTCil morr pcr-
inairrit. For tin' attiiiniiieiit ol' l|ios(> oiijccf^ T "hull coiiliiiiH> to labour, 'iml if 1
can, in any way, ivH.wist citSer Ciipitalis^ts or W( rkn»oii into tiiort' prospfroiin coinlition^
of si'ttieniont, then ( sliall f^'cl that my Heoond visit to Canaiiu has not bt'cn in vain.
Tlic nion.' I f>" y<( CuTiiia, f|i»' more lii/^hly I upprcciati' the ^^reat iniluccnipntgi phr
olHriJ, bvdli ti> c.'vpital ainl to labor, and the ninrt' highly do I prize the true and
jr<nuimc kindncsH iind coiirfff-y wliioli Oanadian.s aro so nnidy to bestow.
•!
I i
H
I SCftlf'tlMIll.^ ill
cnos and uruidflf,
<• joyH (,f hurnc
■rod more |»cr-
it'our, nil I if I
roiiH ('(.inlitiotn
■ t lii'cn ill vnin.
ilucciiionte Phc
' the Inic and
V.
p^*~~^
a:
O
CO
o
(/) -k
o
o
_j
Cl
5
UJ
>-
Q
UJ
o
O
CO
a:
OQ -
Q ~
•jlJ
Q
q:
a:
€0
^5^
!f'^
\ .Hi
725
/20
7/5
110
PtTTS FT. WAYNE 2^
.^ Ig-^; >
^^1^
■ ^
^
l^^
'bs'l.'-A
Al\''
^^
^.■^K
'if A'
J>,
-<%■
<M
'^n-i.s
»Ur>^
««K
:0if^
: r^>X'
?lr:
Cv-
^
A'.v.v^''^
r.-A-,
LP.*<.6
tRlE ♦
M)^.
l'*2V-^.'l
'■gr-
■■■^
«... %
l-J^V"-
Y.
"'•^^
■■"^
t^ St^'i
r
V'' /
-^■^ u '/
-i^
j^-i^yr"
w^.
N««< ;
friS^-':
"-iK^
y*'
"f^ -C«
1V
a^'^Xa^^
i::^^\ -^M'^viniv
Ill xt^^ \
Table of Cnmpaiative Distances.
, ~~ Ml...
Mavi l.ino — MontriTil to Port Mj.i.It.
A.i littit ll-jiite iun'>r <:oQairuction.) ■ 'iWH
Frniii Vror T'M-ir tti I'miT Mnony, vw
ll.xkvulc iiiidCiiii. i'aii'ic n y , • • 2,740
Krini \f;w V"in< tn S*n I'ruMrisro.i*!
I eiiral aiid In, on I'arirtij liil'^jv.).
ai!i JluTti'it ciiriiiei't'ng linei lliru 1 ^-h
ilii riiit...li:t:iita, 5,1*06
From i,ivi:iilMOi, to New YoRR, • - - L'.'JSC
I'lOtn l.irKtipi.'U. to Vmxt MmiPY, via
Monirial aipj Taa. 1 ac. II jr , • • ■ !>,\fA
I'r'V , I.ivEiti'')''! to Sav Fiiivi«,-o,iitn
aliiitfit cjtMietiitij liiiKJ 111 tiiB L »., i>,W)
Fi"!'! I.irirRpn.-ji. to T'ikiiuma Mapan),
I .'t .Munii'nai siiJ (.\ui Ivi.: li'j., • ■ 'i,'tVi
Ffi'i LivmiPOc'L (o Viii<'>iiA>i» (Japan),
IM Ni!W Vork nnlb 111 1 laui.'iMco, - ■ 1'1,420
Tilt; (lisfarKri'f, t'i'a tin." Canailiun Pacitlo
Hallway, ari' lis the Hull ami
Lake kuiilu.
OHIO H.«.
^5 '