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(716) 2M- 5989 -Fax AN APOSTLE PERSOHAi- HARMONIZING BLISS CARMAN AN APOSTLE OF PERSONAL HARMONIZING The flrst decade of our preient century hM been more remarkable, perbapi, for Its lenee of spiritual unrert and awakening than for any other one thing. Great aa the advanoe has been In science and in- vention in the past fifty yeare, there are everywhere signs of an Im- pending progress still greater, In the region of personal development and power. The most thoughtful contemporary writers— Maeterlinck, .Maurice Hewlett, Edward Carpenter, for instance— are supremely con- cerned with spiritual problems, with flnding the soundest basis for happiness. Their writings are Inspired on every page by the deepest considerations for the welfare of man's spirit. Their thought Is radi- cal, unhampered, tnd splendidly sincere. They are bent only on mak- ing the world a better place to live In, by making men more In love with it and more adequately equipped to meet the tasks of life with gladnes- and success. No writer today can win our serious attention who does not bring us a message of hope — a light tor the way. More than that, there Is In these three modern prophets, along with their concern for spiritual things, a very definite sense of the ImporUnce of physical things. They are tru» children of the nine- teenth century in their faith In science, and in their reverence for the physical life end conduct of man, and the Influence of these on his spiritual growth. iHewleU In one of his latest books says: "It is an error to suppose tiiat discomfort is holy. Holiness is harmony. Men have lost realisation of the sanctity of the body." And all of Edward Carpenter's teaching has the same trend; It emphasizes the necessity of physical fitness for the beet development of mind and splrH. Curiously enough, America has made but small contribuUon to this newer educational movement. You will look through the books of our popular m«n of letteri In vain for any such Imputloned tMrcta- IngM for the spring! of happlnets. or uOf mw word for a perplexeu generation. It U bere, however. In a very original form. In the work of .1 remarkable woman who hai been teaching uad lecturing for the paet tfiin or twelve yean, but In w Inconipicuous a way that, while ibe has become an Influence among teacberi, her name la but little known to the gen^.al public. Uet me flrtt lay eomethlng of Mn. King herielt, since the personal note, the living word, is so important a part of her creed. It is not alone by learning the truth, she would say, but by embodying It In dally practice, that we are helped and heartened. Mary Perry King is of typical American parentage. Her father, the Hon. Albertus Perry, was of an old Puritan family from western MaBsacbusetts, a graduate of Williams College, and at the time of his daughter's birth a prominent lawyer in New Yorit state. Her mother was of Huguenot extraction. So that she combines the New England ( apacity for idealism and bard thinking with the Latin vivacity and brilliancy of temperament. While still in her teens she graduated from the Oswego Normal College, and was at once made a teacher of reading in that institution, where she had most of her former teach- ers in her classes. Her genius for expression had been dlscovereO. After that she graduated from tbr. Philadelphia College of Oratory; and still later, having mastered Bell's fundamental and epoch-making system of Visible Speech, she further perfected her voice and dfction in a course of study in Paris with the French master, Sbriftlla, Good diction, n cultivated and clear enunciation, in her theory of education, Is not merely an important accomplishment; it has an even greater importance as a means of developing powers of appreciation, and as a factor In general culture. Speech is one of the most pri- mary arts, depending very intimately on physical well-being for Its adequate production, and giving at the same time an immf»dlate vent for the expression of all shades of thought and feeling. In an of Mrs. King's physical training of women, speech culture has always played a prominent part. She is herself a wonderful reader and a Huent »p*ikar, wUb a mattarly oommaDd of pure ISiif llih and a itolui for tta« exact word and the bappy phrase. Tbli capacity for ready and apt 'erbr.l expreiiton, at the comimiDd of a forceful and pervastvr penonu-.j, makes her an tmpreailve preaence in a draw g room or on a platform. But any Id* » o* her would be quite wrong which omittfd her irrepreaaible comedy, au ln«xhauitible merrlmen: of tplrlt, always ready to break out and play about her lubjact with lumtnoua charm. I apoke of Mra. Klnc'i tenlua for the right vord. She has that much rare - gift, a genius for right motion. A large part of any woman's genius ia In reading character, a power we call intuition, which seems almost miraculous to the mascuHne mind, and li In real- ity an aptitude for reading motion and Interpreting unconscious ex- pression, for heeding unintentional accent and Inflection — m aptitude so old and well practiced that it has become actually Instinctive. This Instinct for right expressive motion Is pre-eminently the actor's talent ; and a knowledge of all its subtleties, along with her trained knowledge uf tbi' voice, has made a large p'art of Mrs. King's success. It hat' been her lifelong study under the most distinguished authorities on the subject at home and abroad. For beveral years iifter 1900 .Mrs. King maintained a gymnasium for women in New York, where her work was carried on in her usual liberal and enthusiastic way, under conditions of sanitation aud beau- tiful bousing which, it seemed to her, the training of persouallty de- serves. Its success was attested by the Immediate gain In strength and well being of her pupils, women of all classes and occupations — women weary with social rounds who were glad to pay for their bene- fit, and young women overworked in their cullloKs who were gladly given their benefit gratt ously. Mrs. King, however, was not fully satisfied with her gymnasium. She bad mate use of & minimum amount of machinery, laying moBt stress on tree gymnastics, breathing, and voice work; but she became convinced that the most useful medium of culture, for ber purposcH. was interpretative dancing. The gymnasium was closed, and she once mortt became ft tudent In leftrch of further truth. A trip aroiinil the world gave her opportunity to itudy the women of the Orient and to aee their daneei In their native aectlnc and after her return la America the apent a year of itudy In adjuatlni her new knowledge tn Weatem requlrementj. Thia gave her, Anally, command of all the arte ■he thought neceaaary for carrying out her method of education. Since then her daya have been given to teaching— In winter In New York with mixed claaaea and private pupl'a; In aummer with araaller claaaen of teachere and advanced puplle. In the Catakllle, where ahe haa ea- labllahed a cummer echool. And. aa alwaya, a large part of her energy li devoted to mlaalon work In her aubiect. with free claaaea for younit working women, aupported by voluntary contributlona. I have omitted ao far to aay anything of the underlying principle, or phtloaophy, on which all Mra. Klng'a work reeta. and which glvea It the great dlatlnctlon I have claimed for It. Suted briefly, her theory of education baaea Itaelf on a trinltarian conception of human nature and human need. Man la a creature with three pronounced phaaea ol being: the phyilcal, the mental, and the emotional or aplrltual. And yet ao Inaeparable are theae three naturea, ao bound and knit together in all their requlrementa. functlona, and aatlafactlona. that they form not merely a triple alliance, but a true trinity. To neglect one la to Injure all. And only by cultivating all In equal proportion can any- thing like adequate education be obtained and a aymmetrloal peraon- ality developed. There have been agea when the aoul of the world waa bent on winning happlneaa through the aenaea, when the aatlafactlona of the mind and the apirlt were counted aa nothing. There have been ages when men were concerned with the ctlBalra of the apirlt alone, when rellgloua ecataay waa accounted all In all, when art and aclencea and material comtorta were Ignored, and the aacetic cared only tor hla Impoaalble dream. Laatly there have been agea devoted overmuch to aclence, agea of akepticlam, barren alike of rellgloua ardor and relln- Ing art. All theae have been partial and Inadequate racial eiperl- •ncea. They muat give place to the next great atep forward In hu- i man proems, tba idea of a ■ymmetrlcal p«rf«ction, tbe raallaatlon that parfacHon can n<*«r b* reached thronili renounclu »r «lolaliD( any one of the tbree eaeenttul factors In man'a triuni natr.re, bat onlv tbrooffb duly recognlslni them as equal and bestowloi upon tbom equal rererence, sare, and education. This trlunlstJc Idea Is as fundamental as tbe idea of evolution: and It bears the same relation to education that evolution do«e to sci- ence. While tbe need of physical tralnin is lenerally recotnlsed. there Is almost no realisation of Irs coherent Influence upon character bulldini and social evolution, of iu value as s flne art, and of Itr potentiality a* a part of every liberal education. Even physical aducs- tors themielvos seem seldom jave been aware of the tremendous In fluence they might have wielded. Their systems for the most part look no furthe. than muscle-making; and we are still confror*ed with the absurd anomaly of American girls and women trained in tbe wooden maneuvers of German or Swedish r litary drUI. It Is only our wiser teachers, like Dr. D. A. Sargent > Mary Perry King, who have seen the wrong of such methods, and hav« modified foreign sys- tems to native needs and growing ideals. In such ready soil the :rl- unistlc ideal of general educstlon, and the realisation of phy \l edv oatlon as as art, ara bearing fruit. To quote again from Maurice Hewlett. "It Is no harder for a woman to make herself a work of anpreme art than for a man to paint a masterpiece or to write a classic. But she must cultivate and use her genius for aelf-expresslon. What material to work with— Ine moving, breathing, speaking medium. Infinitely more elastic tlian painter's «tuS, Infinitely more potent than aught Inanimate, this be- ing, warm, tinged with life. Instinct with meaning, rhythmic, eh>quent' You can be picture, form, poem, symphony, In one. You address the mind through every sense. Every gesture is charged, every throb can express, every word he a phrase, every look a tone, and every tone a revelation." That Is tba Ideal. "Ah, but how?" you may ask. What teaching can accompllab this? Persons^ harmonlilng educates Jnat such In- dirlduAl genius. It took an intereated and plaatic but perfectly un- trained student, and in six months placed her In the front ranks of interpretative dancers in the most critical drawing rooms and studios of New York, In original dances created for her hy her teacher; and a little later secured her a place In the New Theater Company. But personal harmonizing does not find Its fullest scope in training danc era; that la only an instance of its special possibilities. It takes numbers of rank and file public school children, and in six months, at two lessons a w^ek, gives them command of fine personal carriage, habitual unity of thought, feeling, and expression, through co-ordinat- ing their motion and speech. It Is showing teachers how to get prompt and perceptible Improvement In the personalities of their students. And because it enlists and cares for all the powers, it gives its pupils a bappy and mellow culture such as no other education has been able to secure. A method of education which not only helps men and wo- men to go tiirough their liail;-- tasks with greater ease and efficiency, but enables them lo pLt h(>^rt In all their work, to realize their own genius, and to find gladmss at every turn, is what we have been look- ing tor. The ain- of Mrs. Kings woTli may be said In a word to he the educating oi individual genius; to give people freedom of spirit by plac- ing at their disposal a healthy body freed and attuned to the finest uses of thought and feeling. That method of education Is surely best which takes cognizance of the entire personality and attempts to fit It for predestined uses. To laam to walk and move well, to breathe iind speak efllciently— these are rudiments of education that have been strangely neglected. To reinstate them in their place and to relate them to symmetrical general culture. Is our need. The body cannot thrive on futile ai.d disordered exertion, nor the spirit be refreshed liy silly and pointless exercise. And because the failure of the old order of physical education Is being very generally felt, this new vitalizing ideal of triune culture of which I am speaking is spreading tltrough the country like a message of reprieve. If 1 understand Mrs. King's philosophy rightly, (he would say that unity, order of motion, and poiae, are three main considerations in her scheme of training. To preserve and foster one's unity of being; not to he distracted nor to suffer a partial culture: not to develop the head at the expense of the heart, nor the hand at the cost of either. To be a single, united being in all our aspirations, thoughts, and ac- tions; to be glad all over, to be intelligent all over, to be efficient through and through. This is to realize one's entire being as a unit. "Isolation of parts" 1b a phrase significant of much that was wrong in old-fashioned physical teaching, indeed in old-fashioned education generally. To stand immovable on one leg while performing gyrations with the other, or to awing Indian clubs while the whole body, except the arms was held rigid, might be excellent tminlng for St. Vltus'a dance, Mrs. King would say, but was ridiculous preparation for the art of dally living. By order of motion, or sequence of procedure, is meant this: that there must be what Mrs. King calls spiritual lead in all ideal effort, in all our movements, undertakings, and actions. It Is the order of nature; first, energy, wish, caring, choice: then thought, aim, direc- tion; and lastly, realization in accomplishment. To follow this order is to secure the utmost natural economy of effort, efficiency of result, and pleasure in occupation; that is to say, the utmost beauty, helpful- ness, and happiness in every personal act and in all human endeavor. Having realized unity in ourselves, to give it habitual poise is our further task. Poise of personality involves poise of the person, an unwabbiing command of our bodies; and this in turn can only be maintained through muscular ability and a firm base of support. That implies unrestricting clothing and footgear— for women particularly some form of drees that shall not obstruct deep breathing nor mar the soft, free grace of the throat and neck, and broad-toed, heelless shoes that shall give an adequate footing and freedom for the moving body. It is an ideal that does not sound promising to the average woman, and certainly most dress reforms have not been altogether happy. But Mrs. King, who has given a great deal of thought to this branch of her subject, seems to have solved the mysterious difficulty in some for- tunat* war without aacrltlcing anything of tba grace and axqulaltaneai which rtgbtir enough belong to women. I auppoae it la her Inherent Latin taat« which enablea her to be radical without being obtrualve, and eaaenUal without being eccentric. She oertalnljr oarrlea out her uncompromialng Ideala with great tact and graclousneaa. In her phlloBophy of lite the moat needed refonna for modem woman could hardly be called a gain, unleaa they could be aecured without Impair- ing her Immemorial dignity and charm. Uke many thoughtful people, ahe aeea that American women are In aome danger of aelling their Wrthrigbt for a meaa of ^ottage; and while her ardent life la given to forwarding their eaaential Interesta and upholding for them unfal- tering ideala, many of the more consplcuoua "women'a movementa" And her indifferent. She la too deep a thinker— I ahould like to aay too full of profound racial wisdom— to be carried away by popular clamor. Thla la not the least of my reasona, when I try to apeak critically of her teaching, for giving her a place among modem thlnkera beaide the wlae and aerene Maeterlinck. RttrtnHi fnm " CimJ HixutketpiRt." fat Mtt, 1911.