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CIHM/ICMH 
 
 Microfiche 
 
 Series. 
 
 CIHM/ICMH 
 Collection de 
 microfiches. 
 
 Canadian Institute for Historical Microreproductions Institut Canadian de microreproductions historiques 
 
 1980 
 
Technical Notes / Notes techniques 
 
 The Institute has attempted to obtain the best 
 original copy available for filming. Physical 
 features of this copy which may alter any of the 
 images in the reproduction are checked below. 
 
 D 
 
 Coloured covers/ 
 Couvertures de couleur 
 
 L'Institut a microfilm^ le meilleur exemplaire 
 qu'il lui a 6t6 possible de se procurer. Certains 
 ddfauts susceptibles da .lu^ire d la quality de la 
 reproduction sont notds ci-dessous. 
 
 D 
 
 Coloured pages/ 
 F'ages de couleur 
 
 Th< 
 poi 
 of 1 
 filn 
 
 Th« 
 cor 
 or t 
 apr 
 
 D 
 D 
 
 Coloured maps/ 
 
 Cartes gdographiques en couleur 
 
 Pages discoloured, stained or foxed/ 
 Pages ddcolordes, tachetdes ou piqu6es 
 
 Tight binding (may cause shadows or 
 distortion along interior margin)/ 
 Reliure serr^ (peut causer de t'ombre ou 
 de la distortion le long de la marge 
 intdrieure) 
 
 D 
 D 
 
 D 
 
 Coloured plates/ 
 Planches en couleur 
 
 Show through/ 
 Transparence 
 
 Pages damaged/ 
 Pages endommag6es 
 
 Th( 
 filn 
 insi 
 
 Ma 
 in ( 
 upf 
 bot 
 foil 
 
 D 
 
 Additional comments/ 
 Commentaires suppldmentaires 
 
 Bibliographic Notes / Notes bibliographiques 
 
 D 
 
 
 Only edition available/ 
 Seule Edition disponible 
 
 Bound with other material/ 
 Relid avec d'autres documents 
 
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 Pagination incorrect/ 
 Erreurs de pagination 
 
 Pages missing/ 
 Des pages manquent 
 
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 n 
 
 Cover title missing/ 
 
 Le titre de couverture munque 
 
 Plates missing/ 
 
 Des planches manquent 
 
 Additional comments/ 
 Commentaires suppldmentaires 
 
 D 
 
 Maps missing/ 
 
 Des cartes g^ographiques manquent 
 
The images appearing here are the best quality 
 possible considering the condition and legibility 
 of the original copy and in keeping with the 
 filming contract specifications. 
 
 The last recorded frame on each microfiche shall 
 contain the symbol —►(meaning CONTINUED"), 
 or the symbol V (meaning "END"), whichever 
 applies. 
 
 Les images suivantes ont 6t6 reproduites avec le 
 plus grand soin, compte tenu de la condition et 
 de la nettetd de I'exemplaire film6, et en 
 conformity avec les conditions du contrat de 
 fllmage. 
 
 Un des symboles sulvants apparattra sur la der- 
 nidre Image de cheque microfiche, selon le cas: 
 le symbole — ► signlfie "A SUIVRE", le symbole 
 V signlfie "FIN". 
 
 The original copy was borrowed from, and 
 filmed with, the kind consent of the following 
 institution: 
 
 Library of Parliament 
 
 L'exemplaire filmd fut reproduit gr&ce d la 
 g6n6roslt6 de I'^tablissement prdteur 
 sulvant : 
 
 BibliotMque du Parlement 
 
 Maps or plates too large to be entirely Included 
 in one exposure are filmed beginning in the 
 upper left hand corner, left to right and top to 
 bottom, as many frames as required. The 
 following diagrams illustrate the method: 
 
 Les cartes ou les planches tr(^p grandes pour dtre 
 reproduites en un seul clichd sont filmdes d 
 partir de Tangle supdrieure gauche, de gaurhe d 
 droite et de haut en bas, en prenant le nombre 
 d'images ndcessaire. Le diagramme sulvant 
 illustre la mdthode : 
 
 1 2 3 
 
 1 
 
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No. 10. 
 
 INFORMATION FOR THE ELECTORS. 
 
 WHIIT HE (.p. HUD THE COIIEBPIII 
 
 HAVB DONE FOR THE 
 
 MARINE INTERESTS OF CANADA 
 
 Notwithstanding that iron and steel arc taking the place of 
 wooden ships the world over, and many ships engaged in the 
 Canadian coasting trade are registered in England and in foreign 
 countries, the Maritime Provinces owned no less than 724,057 
 tons registered shipping in 1889. 
 
 Canada ranks fourth in registered tonnage among the nations 
 of the world, excluding G-reat Britain :— 
 
 ■: . ' United States , 2,158,'7U 
 
 M-^ !:^; .:. iSTorwegian 1,481,339 
 
 .-'Hi' German 1,271,273 
 
 Canadian 1,040,481 
 
 Ontario's tonnage has grown from P9,lll tons in 1873, ta 
 141,839 tons in 1889. 
 
 The arrivals at the different Canadian ports show the growth 
 of the coasting trade in Canada. 
 
 1879 30^50 vessels arrived with a tonnage of 6,118,702. 
 
 1889 52,929 vessels, representing no less than 10,219,856 tons. 
 
 An increase in ten years of 22,079 vessels and 4,101,154 tons. 
 From the sea the arrivals at Montreal were : — • 
 
 In 1879 349,708 tons 
 
 In 1889 529,538 tons 
 
 In Nova 3cotia the ship building has revived. 
 
 In 1887 Nova Scotia built 87 vessels, 12,300 tonnage. 
 
 In 1888 Nova Scotia built 116 vessels, 12,900 tonnage. 
 
 In 1889 Nova Scotia built 126 vessels, 18,645 tonnage. 
 
 While In 1890 she built 148 vessels, 33^746 tonnage. 
 Of the vessels built in Nova Scotia last year, 3 were over 1,200 
 tons, one over 1,500, one over 1,700, and one over 2,200. There 
 are a good number of barkentines and brigantines from 450 to 
 600 tons. The remainder, large and small schooners. The large 
 schooners range from 160 up to 639 tons, Parrsboro alone bnild- 
 ing eight between these figures. Nova Scotia appears to be 
 building a very fine class of schooners. 
 
<,i 
 
 m W< ! 
 
 I 
 
 t , 
 
 ( 
 
 '■*^Mi?\o' ,«;'n^<jrv' 
 
 LIGHTS, &o. 
 
 ^-Vrli) nVfv ihX,, nHt^Tt'M' t^. 
 
 
 * Light Stations. Light Houses. Fog Hor^ 
 
 '{ 
 
 518 
 •705 
 
 427 
 
 .iv 599 
 
 BUOYS AND BEACONS. 
 
 4 
 
 ti.i 
 
 BeacoDs. 
 
 -as 
 
 87 ^• 
 
 1878 865 
 
 1890 1841 
 
 Siace 1878 the Government has sent an expedition to Hudson'^ 
 Bay, arranged for tidal observations, established a signal service, 
 and made extended surveys of Canadian waters, in addition to 
 the various works under the Marine Department. 
 
 No less than $17,392,355 have been expended on marine 
 service by Canada since Confederation. 
 
 The record of wrecks and casualties in Canadian waters shows 
 that while 533 casualties occurred in 1879, only 242 occurred in 
 1890, and while 339 lives and $4,119,233 were lost by these 
 casualties in 1879, in 1890 the loss was 64 lives and $1,194,576. 
 
 Canada's lights are free as air to the shipping of the world. 
 
 •ij: ' 
 
 '•;. 
 
 
 OUR FISHERIES. 
 
 b|, ,, PEOTECTION OF INLAND WATEES. 
 
 Previous to Confederation, the provincial fishery laws, contain- 
 ing for the most part excellent provisions, were not systematically 
 enforced, and as a result, the inland fisheries most needing pro- 
 tection steadily declined. . ' 1 ;^v • 
 
 Jf-/»H.!'>Viti 
 
 PISHING BOUNTIES. 
 
 Under the provisions of the Tj-eaty of Washington, of 1871, 
 the fishermen of the United States of America were, among other 
 privileges, admitted to the free use of the Canadian inshore fish- 
 eries, the enjoyment of which had, during the period between 
 the abrogation of the reciprocity treaty of 1854 and the ratifica- 
 tion of the above named treaty, been reserved to British subjects 
 exclusively. In view of the competition to which the enjoyment 
 of these fisheries by foreigners exposed Canadian fishermen, it 
 was deemed expedient by the Canadian Government for the 
 encouragement of, and assistance in, the building and fitting oat 
 
fishermen and the development of the deep sea fisheries, to grant 
 annually, as a b3upty, a sum of $150,000 ; which sum would 
 represent about 3J per cent, on the award of the Halifax Com- 
 mission as the compensation paid Canada for the privileges 
 accorded United States' citizens in excess of those accorded to 
 Canadians by the treaty of Washington. Since 1882, there has 
 been a total sum of $1,403,262 paid in the shape of bounties 
 among fishermen of the Mai-itime Provinces ; being an average 
 yearly distribution of $156,657 among an average of 33,662 fish- 
 
 ermen. 
 
 li ;.('ifl'^.l>'<!j>};-^'; 
 
 In 1882, there were 11,9*72 claims paid to 29,9M2 fishermen. 1'^ 
 " 1889 " 17,078 " " 38,343 •' ^<>n«v o • 
 
 being an increase of 5,106 claims and 8,411 fishermen. ^••^<>« oH 
 
 During the eight years since 1882, the average number of 
 vessels claiming bounty was 837, representing a tonnage of 
 nearly 32,000 tons. The average number of boats was 13,493 and 
 the average number of fishermen 27,000. The highest individual 
 bounty paid was $17, and the general average per man $4.65. 
 
 AETIPICIAL FISH CULTURK. 
 
 The great advantages to be derived from supplementing by 
 artificial means the natural facilities of our waters for re-pro- 
 ducing all kinds of fish are so well established by experience, 
 that it is scarcely necessary to enlarge on them. Even in their 
 natural state, our rivers have a limit* of productiveness ; but 
 owing to climatic causes and other accidents this is seldom 
 reached, and where artificial obstructions occui', the streams are 
 deprived of their capacity. The area of re-production is thus 
 greatly contracted. When to these causes of deterioration are 
 added improved appliances for capturing fish and increased 
 numbers engaged in fishing, it becomes imperative to substitute 
 some efficient means of providing for a yearly growing demand. 
 This can be done by the establishment of hatcheries. With ade- 
 quate accommodation, everydescriptionof fresh water fish may^be 
 reproduced and particularly those kinds which are best adapted 
 for canneries and available for domestic food. 
 
 There are at present thirteen hatcheries in operation in the 
 
 Dominion, as follows : — 
 
 Ontario 3 
 
 Quebec 4 
 
 New Brunswick 2 
 
 NovaSootia , 2 
 
 Prince Edward Island ,....^.......f.. 1 
 
 
4 
 
 Since 18*79, six of these establiBhmente have been put np^ 
 giving one hatchery to each Province. 
 
 Fully realizing the importance of supplementing the inroads 
 made by man on the shore fisheries of the ocean, the Govern- 
 ment is now engaged providing means for the artificial hatching 
 of Lobsters, and the success already achieved in this direction by 
 the sister province of Newfoundland is a promising augury of 
 success. 
 
 While the total number of fry distributed from these hatcher- 
 ies in 1879 was only 21,000,000, it reached 90,213,000 in 1890, 
 and has averaged, for the past six years over 80,000,000. Whitefish 
 and salmon-trout not being indigenous to the waters of the Mari- 
 time Provinces, efforts have been made during the past three or 
 four yeai*8 to introduce them into the numerous lakes of Nova 
 Scotia and New Brunswick. Success bids fair to crown this 
 experiment. 
 
 The number of men employed in the fisheries was, in 1879, in 
 vessels, 8,818, and in boats, 52,577, altogether 61,395 ; and in 1889, 
 in vessels, 9,621, and in boats, 55,382, making a total of 65,003 
 men, or 3,608 more fishermen in 1889 than in 1879. 
 
 The value of the fisheries in 1879 was $13,529,254, and in 1889 
 was $17,655,256. The total amount from 1879 to 1889, both in- 
 clusive, was $185,257,219 — a steady increase from thirteen to 
 seventeen millions of dollars since 1879. 
 
 Canada, since 1878, has 'expended $1,633,531 in the protection 
 of her fisheries, in addition to $1,403,262, in bounties to fishermen. 
 
 Table showing number, tonnage and value of vessels and boatt 
 engaged in the ^sheries of Canada, together with the value of fishing 
 materials employed, during 1879 and 1889 .• — 
 
 1879. 1889. 
 
 Vessels, number 1,183 1,100 
 
 " tonnage 43,876 44,936 
 
 " .>lue $1,714,917 2,064,918 
 
 Boats, li. )er.... 26,616 29,666 
 
 " valu*> $854,289 965,010 
 
 Value of nets and seines $988,698 1,691,085 
 
 Value of other fishing material $466,717 2,149,138 
 
 Total of capital invested $4,014,621 6,770,161 
 
 The fostering care of the Government has been exercised upon 
 the fishermen of Canada, with most beneficial effect. Canada's 
 fleet of fishing vessels cannot now be surpassed, in trimness, in 
 seaworthiness and in adaptability to the pui-pose, by the fishing 
 fleet of any country ia the world.