^. IMAGE EVALUATION TEST TARGET (MT-S) 1.0 I.I |50 2.5 ^ 1^ 112.0 11:25 I u 1.6 PlinfnoranViip Sciences Corporation 23 WEST MAIN STREET WEBSTER, N.Y. 14580 (716) 872-4503 //// ^^s i/.A 1 mim V'lk ' ' "* M If m -^ / t mmm n t* jSS^ SS ;S S S_JS_l?^ S? S3 13 ?? SS Sj gj : K i? Sj lo i? ^ ^ S i^ j« ^"i"ii^ ' vinJ^ ■■^^ S^^%%^SgS^^J!8??l3S;jj :^^ :55!5^5!5q;555«55i £_ ► ^59^55^5? i? 51 '5! 51 5! 5! 5! 1111?.^^'"? ^_ ^ '"^ ^ '"^ S S S? S g fg 3 S S S M M •saaq uinx diiisujuoj;, 3? i g Si§J5l5JS222J::Sl22:22s2*«^«'«'*'«N« tat 111 m ^, s o 1 IS c o H o I S5 CL, »5 K H O ■< IM (TI CI CI CI CI . CI'— •^-^'-H^Hp-H'— 4<-H<-H*— (i-Hl— IP— ti— (phiILh • • IT- i>.'t-. Ir- ffl 50 :o o » o »"io O 1-1 " "■Nt-Ht— IP— ••-HP-^^N.-HF-Hl-Hf— I*— IfH— 1».^p-^,«-l,— <^p_5^Ji|J)i;j)^ • cfcicjci— !—<-"—<—< .4 .'-H 1-4 "ir«~o^oc)"o"ei~" . _ rt rt -H « -H -1 F-( rt M --H .^ >-H .^ S S S ri S OOCJ3SS505C505COCO OO'CO 00 CO 00 OB X'ST t- 1>. i- 1>. t- 1^ » » » ffl ;b » Id >«r if> ifl "ic "o ' du[SUAVox M M «■! CI CI ?!?? tC « C( CI 7C~CC' CI c5 > X H X X X X X X X X ?iS3§!?lf522^2'-2322iS2=''«»-»"5'*« K M M > X ■ ; H 5?: ^^ N-H c O X ed w ^^ > X X I-) 5 ^ »^ s 9u X ; X fe <-> • c X K a s^ * M X X Ec . ... O x" »< H X OQ ■^ X :ii >-• OD > ' H X ^M^ !z f ■? ► _> •= :e - o -M U f ^ UJ .!-H o /•^ I—I r* o is k H 1) ' fi > ff^ cc CO • X 'r, X t- 1- 1- ; X "'y, 4! ' a 5 M O ,,^ ea £i H3 5*t CC CC X X ^1 ^?3 1 •^ ec M r^i- 1- X X 1:^ < '/; /■. .1-* V X i-i- > X tf X H dlH •B.10<{ -utn^ dujaiiMox ■v.. }[ 1 J ^ TT l^J T l^ - Lm t - ' » - -TT^T L-^IJIJ il B-'tJk.isc^JE:^ East of the 1st Principal Meridian. 'i' !i RANGES EAST OF THE 1st PRINCIPAL MERIDIAN. K^ilwav IVli in wnicli I'liwnshipsarc sitiiiUed. KANGE 1. EAST. E. E. D. 1). D. CD. I'liCi.tion «f 'I'own'hJp. Township No. 1. — The soil oonsistB of the best clay loam, aiul Prov«.i(her i#! very fertile, beautifully undulating. The only timber grows on the banks of the Riviere aux Marais. It is very limited in quan- tity. The surface is dry, but water can be easily obtained by dig- •iinii' a moderate vlejjth. Township No. 2. — Hiis u very goml soil, imd Ls well adapted for farming purposes. There is no running water in the township, but many parts of north-western 8e<;tions are low and inai-shy during the sj)rinf moiiths. No timber is available nearer than the lied River, which is five or six njiles distmit from the centre of the township. Toirnnhip No. ;i. — The soil all over this township is first- '■ class; it is of the \(iry best kind for the j)r(xluctif)n of all kinds of gniin. In this township there Ls no timber fit for building or <)th(>r in ii'.is iwwusjiip uifii; l^ no iiinuer ni lor ouiuiing or <)tJi(>r puriv>se.« ; a plentiful supply of gd water «ui retulily be found. Towih^hip No. 4. — The soil throughout this township is of the very lx,st il ^ i ;! • Uailway Belt in which Townsliips ar« ; situ J ted. KANGES EAST OF THB IST PRINCIPAL MBBIDIAM. icher kirk. Ikirk. il ^ Township No. 13.— Three-fourths of ihis township comes A. B. under the head of "First Cl£e,s." The soil is a rich loam, in some places mixed with gravel. The remaining one-fourth rates second or third class, being covered by boulders and marshes, some of which are very extensive. No valuable timber is to be found, the chief being poplar with a few scattered scrubby oak. Wild fruit, such as plums, cherries, strawberries, and rasp- berries, and hazel nuts, are very plentiful. Township No. 14 — This township is partially covered with B. poplar bluffs. The north section have the largest quantity. The fire having run over the greater part of them, young poplar is growing ra])idly among the burnt timber. The western por- tion of the town.ship is stony and gravelly, with scattering stunted oaks. There is some excellent hay land in the south-eastern part. The soil is gcnertilly a fine clay loam ; and water may be obtained at a moderate depth from the surface. Narrow ridgt^s of stone and gi-avel are to be found throughout the township. Taken altogether, this township is well adapted for agricultural pur- poses. Toivmhip No. 15 — The surface of this township is princi- B. pally woudcv I, the besJ; timber extends in a strip about a mile wide, fr>>m the north boundary of section thirty-five into section eleven. The remainder is more broken and principally dense thicket of [)oi)Iar saplings, with very bad and frequent occurring windfalls. The southern and eastern tiers of sections are excellent land, but the remainder is alternate marshes and ridges. Township No. 16. — The greater part is covered with heavy B. C. poplar timber. The sc il is generally a light loam with clay bottom, except in the north-west part where it is mixed with limestone and gravel. Water can be obtained by digging from fifteen to twenty-five feet jn any part of the township. There is a small lake of fresh and good water in the north-east corryer,and a little prairie in the soutli-west. Township No. 17. — A large portion is well wooded, princi- pally with poplar, and the soil is of an excellent quality for C. settlement. There is a small lake — for.r miles long — in the centre of the township, and a few small ponds m the southerly part. Township No. 18 — Is well wooded and watered, the timber being principally poplar with a small quantity of spruce. The C. soil is of good quality, a large jrroDortion suitable for settlement. There are a few swan.ps and muskegs which may easily be drained. RANGE II. — EAST. lA>cat>on of T cwDship Lisgar Lisgar. Keewatin. Toionship No. 1 — '''he general character is a beautiful rolling prairie, sheltered from the north-west winds by Riviere anx Piovencher N Ua4'.wny Belt id which Townships are sitiiited HANnVlS FAST Ol' TUK l.ST PBIUCIPAI, MKUlDljlN. 'ri)\viislii[). E. Mamis timber belt, and from tlie east wiiulri by the Rwl River bell. It is wooded eidy on ihv b iVo. 2.— l.s Hue open prairie, with rich soil, 'fhc " banks of the Riviere aux Marais are timbered with po}>!fir, o.-ik, iish and elm. Water can Ik; obtained by digging wells. TowHfihip No '5. — The soil is a tine clay loam. A consider- ' able part of the centre of the townshi:* is 'ipen ])rairie. The east and south parts are eovere I'roveiuOier covered with popiar, po[dar brush and willow, The soil is a heavy clny loam. The townsbip is enterspersed with hay land. Township Nu. o. — The .soil of this township is very rich, and (H)vered with thic-ketrf of poplars and willows, with beautiful tracts of open prairie between. There is sufiicient wood in this section for all immediate purposes, including building timber, vvhicih is abundant along the east side of the Red River. There is only one small stream, and this was dry in the month of July, except in holes here and there ; but water was easily obtained by digging in the bed of the stream. CD. Township No. 6. — Is all good land, being |)artly high dry prairie, and level low marsh or hay land. £}, Township No. 7. — Has a considerabU; part of its surfiu* wet and marshy. The greatest j.art is, however, dry and fit for agri- cultural purposes. It contains no timb(>r of any kind. C, Toiimship No. 8. — The soil of this towiiship is excellent for both sowing and grazing purposes, but it is defective in two very essential things — wood and water. What little wood there is, is small, and the water in the river is impregnated with salt. B. C. Township No. 9. — Is low, wet prairie land ; about one-half of it covered with .small poplar and willow. Sections 31, 32, 33, in the north end, and 1, 2, 3, 4 in tiie south end, as well as the extreme western tier of quarter sections, are dry prairie of good quality, and fit for cultivation. Large quantities of hay are cut yearly upon this township, Tovmship No. 10. — About three-fourths of this township is bush land. The poplar timber is generally small; but will be valvable for fencing and firewood, although none of it will be suitiible for building purposes. B. Tlie soil, where timbered, inclines to sand and white clay, srfkitk. but the greater portion of it is first-class land. ,.'♦ >** 9 Kailwa:^ Belt in wiiich Townships are situated. BAN0E8 EAST OF THE IhT PRIKCIVAL MERIHIAN. B. A. B A. B. B. tOA B. >** B. C. The remaining portion of the township is good hay land.N and prodjices an excellent growth of" hay. Towmhip No. 11. — Is wholly deficient in timber, there be- ing only a few swamp willow and some dying poplar in section 27, but till lately that tract was quite a luxuriant poplar bluflP. The supply of water is plentiful. Sturgeon Creek waters the south-west corner, and there is a small pond or large spring of most excellent water between sections 20 and 21. There is also a spring in the ravine in section 22. The entire township will make valuable agricultural land.' A rocky or stony ridge traverses this township from north to south. Stone is quarried in the 34th section and brought to Winni- peg for building — it is a soft, greyish limestone. Township No. 12. — Is for the most part an open prairie, there being but three or foui groves of poplar, a few oak, and some swamp willow found on it; and it is quite likely that the fires which passed over it in the early part of October, 1871,have killed the greater portion of the trees, so that the future inhabi- tants of the township will have to obtain thoir supplies of fire- wood and fencing from oth'^r lands. With the exception of some small areas of salty land, where a very .scanty herbage grows, the entire township may be classed as superior agricultural land. Township No 13. — The south-easterly portion — about two thirds of the township is chiefly open prairie of the best descrip- tion. The soil' is composed of black vegetable mould, from ((ight to twelve inchos deep, with a subsoil of clay and gravelly loam, and cannot be surj)assed for richness. The north-west })art is principally barren, the .soil a gravelly loam, and some- what stouey in places. It is thickly covered with bluflfe of poplar and clumps of large willows and alders. Towmhip No. 14. — Is for the most part level prairie. An extensive marsh lies* in the easterly part of the township, through which flows Jaok Fish Creek. On the south-west there is a good deal of poplar, a large portion of which is fit for building purposes. There are some small islancfs of poplar on some of the prairie land; The soil is generally loam mixed with clay. Township Mo. 15. — The surface is generally undulating except in the extreme east, where the land is low and flat, with a large marsh and bog in the south-east corner, on the edge of which there is a large extent of hay land. This township ig well wooded. The timber is principally poplar of large growth '=— purposes. The soil is chiefly a rich loam irood for building mixed with clay, ^t is well supplied with water from livin» springs and small streams, and water can be obtained by ^(a. ging from twelve to fifteen feet in any part of the township * Tovmship No. 16. — The surface is r6!l!ng prairie in the east- erly and southerly parts, with a large quantity of good building timber, chiefly poplar, in the north-west, with some spruce and Location of I'ownsnips. Selkirk. Lisgar. u o 10 ■vlhrrsr Belt hi which ,VkK«« KA8T OF THB l8T FBI^CirAl. .CTTOlAJ.. Location of To«D*hi(w "'"^ W;,> A-„. 17.-A lavge pcrtion i» -11 wooded, prinei- " p„lly^Fopl.r, Ihe .oil -, "i^^^^S S^stly with popl.r K«w.«« the northerly part of the towr.ihip. Range III— East. r. ..VI The surface is dry. level prairie. The -rovencher the banks of which there is some 8%^,^'^^^^'^^^^^^ consists of ';2?.T^;tie'ioXn: for ItcndWUer,, be.ng Tutober^d with oak, po|Jar, ^'™;„^™°°'^i,: f^^th of the ,,er,o^^Kr„SirgrthXX-eU aclapteat-or ''°°\l?lfn';L except on those sections along the river. ?he LoiUs day C and exhibits indications of being wet during the early part »« 'h-, »^;^J™,^„j uty for agrienltnral : 2°"*f if °;,1i7dV^^TRradually stpes towards the Rrau RoLI The^«oil is Wack loan,, and the subso.l blue clay. . , . , „„., _„i. fj-in'^e the banks of the tXj:^^-^t J;Xopl- aSd wiliows fro. «ve .0 ''^'"jSlC^f 4:-May be considered flrst-cla^s agricnltar- " ^"""".S s^U is black loam on a blue clay sutem . al land. 1 He sou w """■.' «„vered with a thick growth The south-wcs '^^^-IJi^wXathlr Creek in the'south- °'t-^'':?:w«nlipeo^^^^^^^ ■S/u'iy;^J '='»»'■. f"*''.*'''^'- Good water can l«o«uoed in nearly any part by digging^ agricu'tural " cover one-half thereof. r .v>. y. /■ 11 A la wKic'i Toviwhipi ire : utliatei B. lU^'fU'f KAST O* THB IBT PRINOTPAL UKRIDIAM. I«G«ti«r ,.i A, Dt A. B. B, V B. B. C« Selkirk. The Riviere aux Marais or Marsh River, runs through the western sections numbered, 7, 18, 19, 30 and 31, which, 5*>w«»BMr with the adjacant sections, 20, 17, 32, 20 and 8 may be said to bo of a very good soil. Tovmship iVb. 6. — Generally an excellent soil for agriqult- " ural purposes. The sections numbered 25, 36, 26 35, 27, 34, 2^, 29, 32, 30, 19, 18 and 17 are covered with timber consisting of oak, ash, elm and popkr, the last predominating. Several small groves of oak and poplar are to be found in a few other sections. Rat River flows from the south-east to the north- west cf this township. The surface is very level, and contains generally fine roll- ing prairie land. Tovmship No. 7. — Is well suited for agricultural purposes. '* It is wooded in the south and along the bank of Rat Kiver. Tcmnshvp No. 8. — Is suitable for farming. Timber scarce. ** Toionahip No. 9. — Is apparently good land, to form an " opinion, however, was difficult on account of late fires which had entirely destroyed every trace of vegetation, and in many cases consumed the surface soil itself. Tou^nship No. 11. — The land is of the best quality, with few exceptions, level, and well adapted for meadows. It could easily be drained into the Red River. There is a considerable quantity of timber. Tmonship No. 12. — Is fine rolling prairie well suited for cultivation. Salt appears in the soil in many places. There is a considerable quantity of timber. T(mnskip No. 13. — (North-east part.) — This portion of the township is almost surrounded by bogs, but the land is suflS- ently high and dry for agricultural purposes. The soil is dark and rather a stilf clay. The belt of meadow land running about three-fourths of the distance round it, and part of sections twenty-five and twenty-six, produce large quantities of hay. The western part is heavily timbered with oak and poplar, but a considerable portion of it has been lately damaged Jby fire. The southern part is thickly covered with the same kind of timber, though of much later growth. — the central, — willow bush intersperaed with bluffs of poplar. Township No. 14. — The part surveyed is on the west side of the township, an(^ is nearly all fine rolling prairie. The soil is a good rich loam mixed with clay. Toumship No. 15. — The surface is generally level and low prairie, with a great marsh in the centre. The soil is, however, very rich, being a strong clay mixed with loam. There is a large quantity of the best quality of hay land. Very little lar""0 tsTOb-er. but groves nf snsa!! poplar witlh some scattering oak. Township No 1 6. — In the north-eaat part, there is a lar^ area of woodfe, containing a quantity of good building timber, mostly poplai', with a few oaks of medium size, the rest of the U»9>r. « Railway Belt in whiclt Townships are _--— situated 12 RaNVEH EA8T OF THK IhT PRINCIPAL MKKIDIAK. 1 c. c. CD. D. township is hay land, low prairie and deep marsh. The soil is generally good, being a rich loarn, with a good supply of water from streams and springs. Towmhip No. 17. — A large portion is good land, slightly • Undulating, and a part of it well wooded. In ' the northern portion there is a large windfall and about three sections of fine prairie in the south-west corner. It is well adapted for settle- ment. Township No. 18. — Contains a large quantity of excellent land, well wooded, and slightly undulating. The north-west part is ([uite marshy and drained by a brook of considerable Locatlott o( Townxhipit Lisgai . Keewatiii. / Size. (( Toiomldp No. 19 — Is well timbered in the we.sterly sections with poplar and some large spruce and tamarac, but in the easterly sections muskegs and hay swamps are overgrown with thickets of willows and small tamarac. The soil is of light quality, of little depth, with subsoil of compact gravel and boulders along the westerly boundary, however, the land ap- pears to be of better quality. Tomiship No. 20. — Presents no attractions to the settler. A portion of the township is lijjht sandy soil, very stoney in places and of second quality. The remainder consists of mus- keg and tamarac ard spruce swamps. The dry ))ai*t of the to^vnship is covered with a dense growth of small poplar, which in some places attain a diameter of 12 to 1.") inches. Ran(je IV. — Eaht. Townnhip No. 1. — The western and principal portion is frfvemliev level prairie with a soil of rich sandy loam, dotted with small hay meadows. Proceeding eastward, a rise in the prairie oc- curs of about thirty-five feet, and to the east of this ridge the land is generally of an inferior quality, sandy and gravelly, with scattered boulders and occasional groves of poplar and willow. The eastern .section is drained by a coulee, which runs in a north-westerly direction and debouches into the lliviere au Roseau. Townahip No. 2. — The soil in the east half of the toWnship "' is light but well adapted for the growth of light grains. Gran- ite stones are numerous. In the west half the soil is good clay and good clay loam. ' The water supply is confined principally to the north-east quarter of the township, and consists of two or three streams, which retain water the greater part of the season. In the west half there is no timber of any kind. The ea.st haJP has many large groves of new growth of poplars and wil- lows. Towiuldp No. .3. — Is of the vary best quality for agri(:ul- "' tural purposes, having a deep black l] I j.wr prairie. Num.erous poplar bluffs with considerable good *' meadow land in the eastern portion. There are boulders through- out the township. The Riviere au Roseau flown through the r.orth-east part. 16 Kailwav l<«U tn whii'h Towii«hlp< art tliiuitcd lAHOKH KA8T Of TH« IOT P«IK«rAt MlllIIMAN. fnmvfhin No 3.— Conlaiim a prout tlcul of willow and poj.- lar brush. The timber is principally jmphu- and l.lnflH ot tunui- r^, and .prno«, which uttonl go.vl bulldn.g tun her. 1 ho wes ranch of Rat, Creek run. acroBs the north-oast orner ot the township, H.ipplyins clear and goocl water The l.v.erc au Kos- oiu cni'H tli Houth-wcst corner. On its banks there .s a i?«hkI Xpirol'-«>< «"thern part ii high and dry and well adapted tor agr.c d- iural purp..se!;. There arc large openings in the woods produe- inir verv good grass for hay and pustnra|!;e ^ TowrfshinsNoH. 4 and 6.-Are generally well tmd.ered, and ..ontain very inferior soil. The tind,er consists generally ot pop- hr and wiU'-w. The soil is chiefly sandy, gravelly and stony. Consiilcrable portions are (covered with drr,'t consisting ot a large ^?an te, lin.e-stone and other bouldeiu The west branch of Rat &eek flows through the south-western portion oi to^ynsh.p lour and the east branch through the north-eaBt c..rner thereof, and across the south-westerly quarter of township hve. Towmhip No. 6.— Contains no timber, and x^ not well ''•'«;S7^':!ia-^^evc, praiHc wit,, . ,.»,, A.y pmW, when not too much flooded, an abundance ot tall rank Las^ There is but little wooarly to the road which Ca.ls from Winnipeg t<. Oak Point, is either bog or level wet land, broken oecLsLally by low dry willow («• poplar ndges. In the south-west corner there is also a quantity ot h.w floof the above mentioned road to the ea^t boundary, and ninni.g a ongthe south of the road about on .-third of the diskince across the township, at which i)oint it widens out and extends to the south b.)undary ot the township ... ... , Township No. 9.— The surface of this to-wnship is general y level urairic, interspersed with isla ds ,;f poplar, with a fair <,uan- titvoflow rich bollom land, good for hay, which, with a small ainount of drainage, ..^uM be made first-class farming land. The Reviere L;; Sm. runs through the south })art of the township fromea.:t ." - it, t^v. banks of w'r/uh .lc-s<:end abruptly, averaging about tei^ f.e la height, and are generally wooded with poplar and small oak The water is f nssh and good, and the soil a deep rich loam well mixed with clay. Towmhip No. 10.— A great part of this township is open l,( lownthipn «( « Vi, j: i /' 17 «hkb U which To«rwhip*«rt ■ ihukiml. BANOM MAtft or THB In PKllfOirAL MIBIDIAH Townnh •hip*. Selkirk. Litgftr« and level prairie, with a \Arge portion «f hay land which lies urincipuiiy to the Mouth. Thert' are Home groves of poplar tim- Der in the south-eastern part of the towntuilp. The soil \h a deep rich loaiu well mixed with clay. Taufuship No. 11. — This is a ftrfit-class township for farm- ing purposes, furnishing tine pasture lands, with soil of the richest quality. About one si' ♦h of the ai-ea of the township is taken up by marshy meadow land, verv valuable for its hay. The marshy land has a considerable fall and outlet to the north-east and north- west, tlie water emptying into "C land each year. To^onahip No. 14. — Very good farming land. Sections 25 and 36 are tieavily timbered with poplar. There are a few 8wamps but they are not extensive. The s >il is good and deep, and water can be obtained by sinking wells to no great depth. Range VT. — East. Township No. \. — Is unfit for farming purposes, being very Provencher low and wet and covered in the greater part with long willows. There is some fair poplar scattered through it. Township No. 2— Is mostly high land, chiefly prairie, inter- " spersed with fine groves of poplar timber. The soil is a dark loam, but is somewhat lighter on the ridges. The Riviere au Roseau, a fine stream of good clear water, fringed with a narrow belt of elm, oak and poplar timber of good size, flows through the townahip. The whole of it is adapted for farming. Rich soil up- 0;i uic pi^ii'ic, uuu a suuiuiuiil suppiy ui iiiuDcr lui' mvi uuu lariu- mg purposes. Township No, 3, — Is generally low and level. The south! wn part is wet, with heavy clay soil, producing grass fit for pas in which Tov»n«hlp» are . situated 18 RASru;s KAST or mr. 1st rniNCiPAr, mkkipia>-. LoMtittn at Townships turage, ^m\ the nortl.ern lalrly ..o,.Vh\ with tamarar ^^'^ «;>"';'^j M-isturaire Tl>^' soil is chieflv a .'oaivse, stony jriaM'l. lli< wpst C oh of Rat ( v,vk floMS across the (vntre of the town.shm, sup- Xh^ j,ooa dear water The bed of the stroa.n .s .rravelly and it^ h'uik- are skirted with wiHow brush. l^cZin No. 4.-The first and se^^nd tiei-s ot sections are ,vell wcx)de"f^'>thsiclesofthisstr^^^ there are some tine bottom i-inds part of Mhichare well woiuled with pojilar T2lhh> iVo. 5.--IS a flat level suiface, totally unht tor fam- ine purposes the land alternating from a marsh to a mvrse, sandy, ?onv soi . The wooen and elm.spruoe and tamarac. ^wltev purea.Kl gocxl, can lie readily found all over the toAvn- ship, either on the ground or by digging. ' Township No. «;.-Is nearly all bush. A one t me it has ^^ been very Lvilv timbere^l' with large poplar but the only 4e tinxber which' has escaped the fire c^psists of grove, of tama- rac fit for building purp< ses. The chief part uf the busli is snudl poplar and willow underbru..h. The land is of poor quality ■ vUl roll ncr surface, the sections iKnxlering on the base line l>eing ow ai d swampv. The extreme western tier of sections ,s coverejl IvUlX-ge^^illcicrs and quite unfit for settlement. The soil is lioht and clay loam, easily worked, and well adapt- Hl for agricultural purposes. The timber is chiefly yming poplar of vigorous growth thougii, as is frequently the^.^se, it has l>een much injuiil by fil'e. On paits of sections 4, 8, 11 and 14 there iire some tamarack5 of good size. . , , . , , • • « Towu.l,ip Xo. 8.-The portion subdivided is a level prairie with a deep strong clay soil. The only wo(kIs are a few small ])hiffs of pcpkr and willow. The northern })art of this township is com|x»seok's Creek," into which it diuins ; most of it could be drained at veiy little cost. Several sections are all poplar. Water can be found by digging at no great depth. Towniihip No. \'l. — Rolling land, traversed by numerous ridges anwnsMps Selkirk, Liifar. 20 lUUway Belt in wpich Townships are^ RANOE8 EAST OF THE IST PRINCIPAL MERIDIAK. situated. I of white clay. Township No. 16. — Is bounded on the north by Lake Win- nipeg, and an extensive marsh. The sections which are survey- ed are wooded with large timber of the best quality. The land is undulating and the soil is a black loam, white clay and sand. Kanqe VII — East. Toumship No. 1. — Is useless (without thorough draining) for agricultural purposes, three-fourths being covered with either water, floating bog or swamp willows. The few dry spots are stoney and strewed with large boulders, and are the only parts on which the timber (poplar) grows to any size. This township could be easily drained into the River Roseau which flows through it. Township No. 2.— The greater portion is covered with swamps, in which long marsh willows, reeds, sedge grass and rushes predominate. The only sections at all fit for settlement are the western tier which are wooded with noplar. The south branch of Rat River flows through the middle of the township. Township No. 3. — ^The soil is unfit for agricultural purpos- es, being of an inferior quality with many bogs and swamp. The timber on the dry land is poplar and willows, of little value except for fuel'. In some parts there are boulders of various sizes. Township No. 4.— The soil is poor, thin#and sandy, with frequent marshes ; unfit for farming, but there is much good poplar, tamarac and Norway pine in this township. Townships No. 5 and 6— The soil and timber are light. About one-third of township 5 is fit for settlement. Township No. 7. — All the eastern part is covered by a very bad marsh (two miles in width), called "The Devil's Swamp." The soil of the rest of the township is of second-class quality, excepting two miles of the westerly part which is superior. The River La Seine traverses the township from north to south, furnishing abundance of good, pure 'vater, and is generally wooded on both sides, and in some places building timber is met with. Township No. 8.— The westerly part comprises part of the flourishing settlement of "Oak Point." The remainder of the township is wooded with poplar, spruce and willow. The north- erly part contains building timber, elsewhere the timber is fit for flrewood only. The Dawson Road crosses this township. The soil is generally sandy. The south-easteriy part is all marsh. Township No. 9.— The soil and timber in the easteriy part are of inferior quality. The westeriy part is well adapted for settlement, and the timber and water are of good quality. The English River flows across the south-westerly part of the town- ship. Township No. 10.— Tlie western part is well adapted for settlement. The timber being so near the adjoining prairie Lecatien of Tewnshipt Liigur. (i Provenchep <( u « ■^ 21 lUUvmy B«lt in wmch Tewn^ips are^ iituat«4 BANOES EAST OF THE IST PRINCIPAL MSBIDIAK. vy Lacatioq ef TowMhipt Selkirk It lin^ax. (t « it makes the wood sections very valuable. The principal kinds o£ timber are spruce, juniper and poplar. The surface is undulat- ing, and water in all the brooks is good. Townships No. 11 and 12. — The land is second-class quality and very level. The timber is poplar, willow, Juniper and spruce. All the creeks supply good water. Township No. 13. — The easterly part is an open marsh ; the westerly part is heavily timbered with poplar, spnice and some oak and elm. Most of the land is fit for settlement. Township No 14. — The westerly part is covered with small pitch pine and burnt woods. The soil is sand and gravel and unfit for any agricultural purpose. The remainder of the township is burnt woods, with a second growth of spruce and poplar. The soil is good, with some good hay marshes and swamps. Tovmship No, 15.— -The soil is generally of inferior quality, being sandy or swampy, with burnt woods, except on the Brok- en Head River, which flows through the north-easterly part of the township, where the land is of an excellent quality, thickly wooded with fine oak, pine, poplar and ash. Township No 16. — For the greater part consists of an elevat- ed sandy ridge running from north to south, wooded with timber of small size and a dense bush. The south-west quarter of the township forms part of Broken Head, Indian Reserve. Township No. 17. — Lies on the easterly shore of Lake Win- nipeg, and with the exception of the land on the shore of the lake, is generally swampy, covered with spruce and tamarac. Range VIII— East. Township No. 5 — About one-third is swampy, and the ire-p^ . mainder light and sandy soil. There is a large quantity of tim- ^*"'' "* ber, viz : cypress, pitch pine, spruce and tamarac, fit for building purposes, and some excellent cedar in the eastern part of thetownship. Township No. 6. — Is nearly all covered with a second growui of small pine, tamarac and poplar. In the north-east part there « are some groves of spruce and tamarac fit for lumber. The soil is mostly li^t, dry and sandy, with a few swamps. The Riviere La Seine, which flows through the township, is large enough to carry down timber if it was cleared from brush. Township No. 7.— The whole is nearly unfit for cultivation, being composed of swamps and stoney land, but is well wooded. Selkirk. Township No. 8. — Though wooded, has little useful timber, excepting in sections eighteen and nineteen, which cont^.^ groves of spruce fit for building timber. The soil is not fit for agricult- " ural purposes, being either swampy or sandy. The Dawson Road crosses this township. Township No, 9. — The soil and timber are of an inferior quality. The timber being generally small, and the land swampy " and sandy. Township No. 10. — Is chiefly low, flooded swamps, with ex- cellent groves of spruce £^nd tanisu'ac suits^ble for bqilding pur- S^Uurl^ Railway Belt invhich TtfWftslHps are »itUk(ed. 22 BAJfOtS 1A8T or TH« IST mmciPAL M«lDUy. poses Tile easterly i^irt is tmversetl bv a stream ~ fhiv»..-vJ, ♦kl . J *„•. ^"® i>rok(n Head River flows througii the eastern part «f the township hue groves of h&itlwood. ^ On its banks iver there IS Location o( Townships. arc Selkirk. Li agar. ''oksmAml^^lZrl''^\'""")'^ "'■"' »""•" «»'"»- River, f™„, 3;r Ur:iS' :S ' ;i ^''tH- Hoaj. •. sU to seven inches in iliameter '^' ^ "™'"«" ''■""' " in obtaining wateAfany ptfT.hrS.hi/.''''" " "" '"^"'''y Block Outline Survey of Towv^iwio*. 7 o « S.HOA1, Lake and Lake of the Woods mains of a once ra»n S S , o' '„ '""•'" • "?^''- ""= '''^ P.ne Portage, between Sboai Lake an'lZke o/fr W 1 °'"i '" CI- *» i % ' 28 Locatian o| .i Townships. in U'nii:li Townships itr< iiitUBted RAXaXN MAltT Of (THI )ST VRIXCIPAL 1\»UIIBUX. The rocks are f)rinci pally jj;mii!t> :iu'l slate with caurboitat^ of comber and ii'on pyrites. Towiithi|)« o- «$ Rangk XXII— East. Townahip M South. — Is a fractional township containing only some seven sections, .situate in a dense .spruce and tamarac swamp, Keew»ti». and totally unfit for either cultivation or settlement. Township 4 South. — A fmctional township situate on Rainy River may be said to be fit for agricultural purposes, although the land does not appear to be of the first quality. Timber con.'^ists of poplar, balm of GilCad, birch, spruce and balsam with occasionally " a few elm and ash. Range XXIII— East. Towmhip 3 South. — Is generally level consisting chiefly of dease cedar and spruce swamps, tamarac swaraps and muskeg with occasional ridges of birch, pofilar and pine. There is a very small percentage of good sigricultural land confined almost exclus- ively to the southern part of the township. Towmhip 4 South. — Is situiate on north bank of Rajny River. Over one lialf the land is a good sandy or clay loam and well adapted tor settlement. Timber consists of poplar, elm, oak, black ash and balsam with a few spruce and scattered pine. Range XXIY— East. Towmhip 3, Soidh. — The land is generally poor and swampy, though some good sections are met with along Pine River and its tributaries, also along the south boundary. The timber is prin- cipally birch, poplar and spruce on the high lands, with spruce, tamarac and cedar in the swam))s. There is no pine in any quan- tity. Township 4, South. — Consists chiefly of spruce and tamarac swamps. With the exception of tlie lots fronting on Bainy Rivor there is a little land tit for agricultural settlement. The prevail- ing timber is por'ar, balsam, birch and spruce, with basswood, elm and oak on some of the river lots. Range XXV.— East. Township 3, Sotith. — With the exception of a small portion along the south boundary and also along Pine River this town- ship consists almost entirely of swamp and muskeg broken by occasional ridges of birch, poplai' and pine. A great portion of the swamp is however capable of drainage. Township 4, South.— Aho}xt two thiwls of this township is fit for settlement, having a sandy or clay loam soil. The l«nds % \* S4 lUOiwky Mt in wbidt ToMMiipaara aitiuMd. KAROIfl RA8T OF THI IST PBINCIPAL HKRIOIAN. in the immediate vicinity of "Rainy River" are the most deair- able. The timber where not burnt consists of poplar, balsam, birch, tamarac and some white pine. Of the latter timber there is a very valuable ridge about the centre of the township. Locatim ol TowDships. Range XXVI.— East. Tmonsldp 3, South. — Contains a large percentage of good arable land heavily timbered with birch, poplar, spruce, tamarac, Keewfttia. pine and cedar. Land is mostly level. A portion to the north- west is swampy and worthless for any purpose. A considerable quantity of pine is met with on a ridge extending from the north-east and south-west corner of the township. Tmomhip 4, South. — A large portion of the south-west of this township is occupied by an Indian Reserve. The remain- ing portion which has been subdivided contains a large percent- " age of good land, particularly those sections through which Sturgeon River passes. The southern part is timbered with poplar, birch, tamarac and cedar. Most of the timber to the north (including a large quantity of pine) has been destroyed by bush fires. TaumsMp 5, South. — The greater portion of this township is absorbed by the adjoining Indian Reserve. The small remain- " ing part is situated on the north bank of Rainy River. The sou 18 a good clay loam well adapted for agricultural purposes. The timl^r has not suffered from fire and consists of poplar,balm of Gilead, spruce, tamarac, birch, balsam and cedar. <. Range XXVII— East. Tmvnship 5 South. — The soil throughout this township is of good quality, being chiefly sandy loam with clay subsoil well situated for agricultural purposes. The timber on the high lands consists of poplar, balm of Gilead, birch and balsam with scattered elm and ash, tamarac and spruce with a few cedar in the swamps. The Indian Reserve at Manitou Rapids is in the Township. Range XXVIII.— Eaot. Township 5, South. — Rainy River forms the western bound- ary of this township. Soil is fair and about two-thirds may be said to be fit for settlement. The timber is nearly all burnt, but what still remains consists of poplar, spruce, birch and bal- sam. Towmhip 6, South. — About two-thirds of this township is good arabie land fit for settlement, the remaining one third is a spruce swamp capable of being drained and converted into good meadow land. Timber consists of poplar, spruce, balm of Gilead, oak and birch, with some ash and elm. '■ ^ u 25 RANGE8 EAST OF THK IST PRINCIPAL HKRIDtAN =^ f Location nf TownHhips V Range XXIX— East. Toivmlilp 5, ^outh. — Over oiic-half of this township con- sists of good arnble land lying' in extensive blocks and well adapted for settlement, the remainder consists chiefly of spruce and tamarac swamps, portions of which, however, could at a small cost be converted into goofl pasture or meadow lands. Timber consists of poplar, birch, spruce and balsam, with here and there a few white pine. The main winter Hudson Bay CJo's. trail from Fort Frances to the Long Sault runs through this township. Towmhip G, South. — Is well adapted for settlement, and the growth of cereals. Soil is gocxl and timber consists of pop- lar, birch, bak'im, elm, oak, ash and basswocxl, with spruce, tamaric and a few cedar in the swamps. There arc three settlers in the township. Keewatin, Kaxoe XXX.— East. ' Township 5, Hoath. — This township is situate about four miles from Fort Frances. About one-half of its area consists of good land well adapted for settlement. There are several set- tlers already located in this township. Soil is either sandy or clay loam. On the banks of Rainy River the land is of "^ the very finest quality. Tirab(!i- comprises poplar, balsam, birch, spruce and tamarac. In the western i)ortion of the township there is a considerable portion of white pine. ^ Towmhip 6, South.-^lfi within about five miles of Fort Frances. The soil on ri>^er lots k good, as also about one half the remaining portion of the townshij). Timber consists of poplar oalsam, birch and spruce, on the arable lands, with spruce and tam- arac in the swamps. From its close proximity to the Fort and the nature c f the soil this township is very suitable for settlement. There ai'e already a (-onsiderable number of settlers. !i Range XXXI— East. Township 6, South. — Is. situate at the head of Rainy River, and partly on Rainy Lake. Only a small portion fronting on the River and Lake is fit for settlement, and the greater })ortion of that is already taken up. This township contains Fort Frances and jilso the Government and Hudson Bay Company Reserves, (( Il^^l^rGMEN West of the 1st Principal Meridian. if \. 1 '^nh / )] \ Ganges west of the irt principal meridian. Kailwav Hell in which 'rownaliips are ^ituuied Hangk I. — Wkst. e. E. CD. C. location oi 'iownsliipii (Irainetl '«lt of Provencher of that Joirmhip No. ].~~{\y,nimsi^syvry ricl. -oil, well hy \vater-('oui-8(.s an(lc( mmunds a WimfxM view of tlu timber along tlio IV.nl.i.m Rivor to the south, us alw . along the Red River to die east • The onl>' timber that this townsl.i,, contains stands in se..tion •Jl and wdl swn be appropriatinl t\.v bnildinu' purposes. Gen- eral y the township IS rolling prairie adapted' fo,' inunediate eul- tivation, there being little or no low land Tow„Mp i\o. 2.— This township is level prairie • soil blaek loam, and is all tit for settlement ^ ' ' . .^i/r""^'''/^''- 'Ir'^'"'" township is open, level prairie, with a stitt, heavy elay soil. ^ , « "■ In the south- west portion of the township the soil is a to thelStJir'"' '"' ''""' '■' ^""''''' ^"'^ ^"^^ ^^^''^^^ •'^'^»P« ingin^J^JdS'""''"''''^^'"'''"'^' ''' ^^''^^^^ -^^^--^^- n,tm./Hp No 4.-1^ M prairie. The north half bein^ high and dry with clay loam. The south half is somewhat lower and we in the spring, There are no .stream.s or lakes the spring is completely evaporated by July. -'^'.^j'^^/'f^^fo. o-Js clear open piairie, with a tine clav loam soil. It !>, well fitted for agrieiltural purposes. Towards the south it is very level and fiCe ffoni bush, but towards he north it is somewhat rough and rollW There IS no timber of any description in the whole townS . To^omhp Ao. -Is well suited for settlement. The s ,i s m most places a clay loam. In the vicinity of the 'Riviere aux Gratias, the banks of which are some eighteen or twentv " teet high, It is a stiff, heavy clay. ^ This township is entirely destitute of timber. ./««'^f f ^\ 7.-This township is watered and drained Xe nart?^ inT^"^ the Riviere aux Gratias, which takes Tts Marquette the west ' ''" "P '"'^ ^'""'^^^ '"' ^^'' '^^'i'^^^^ «»^ o" i\. ^ I'^T.^'t-''- ''^' ^^'^ '«"^' ^"^ ^"Sl^ ^o- 1 prairie. On the west of the Riviere aux Gratias the township ,.kirt; and Ri vt "? ^Tf "V^S ^T' ^^y ^^r«^»' ''^^ di'vides 21 Riviere aux lies de Bois from the Riviere aux Gratias. Ihis township IS entirely dastitute of timber. I A. I ii KHHt. «< 29 ^ Location ol 'I'ownsliipii ovencher ftitilwav Belt in which 'rownshipx ar«=rr titiiattd, HANnicn WEST or thf. Imt prijwimai, MRniiuAif. I.ocatloi* ol ToWiMhlpi » I r*^ rquette ; R«8t. *^ h 11 ■* lidges M Tmimnhip No. 8, — Twenty seftions of this township are Marc^uette C. sufficiently dry for cultivation, and tlu^ balance jro«Ml hay land. *■'••*• The River Sale runs i.hroiigh section thirty-six, and touches the nort,h-east an<;le of section thirty-tive. This stream has running; water in it nil throutrh the sum- mer. Its banks are tolerably well wooded. B. C- Tominhip No. 9. — Js suitable for ifrazinp purposes. That portion contiguous to the River Sale is wooded and watered, and is well adapted for crop raisiufj. TmimHhif) No. 10. — The land is a little luidulatiuif. It is B. made up of dry land, tit for imiuediate cultivation, and moi.st hay land. The whole may be <'asily drained. Tlie soil is very rich, being an alluvial deposit, overlying a porous clay oruiarl. There is no waste land in this township. Water can easily be obtained in many places >)y digging a few feet. There is no timber. B« Tommhif) No. 11. — This township is all open level prairie, with the land gently sloping to the south and south-east. The soil is dark chiy loam, very deep and rich, and well adapted for farming purposes. No stones are to be seen, and no tind)er grows on the part surveyed. The township is very dry, there being scarcely any wet land, and vei-y little hay land. There are no running streams of water, l)ut there is no dilficulty in getting water by digging. The water is good and free from any brackish taste. Toiimxhip No. 12. — This town.ship is nearly all open prairie, gently sloping to the south. There is no tiud)er in it except a few small poplar groves on sections 2.S, 24, 2') and A. B. 'iO, but the timber is very sin.all. There are a few hay swamps, the one on and near the northerly liniit of tlie township is large and good. There are no nmning stveams of water, but water can be had by digging at no great depth. The soil is very rif^h, being dark clay loam, and is well adapted for agricultural purposes Towmhip No. 18 — The south and west parts of this fcown- A. B. >*hip are prairie. The north is well wooded with poplar. Fire has run through the principal portion of tho bush. The land is generally of good quality where the groves of wood occur. It is slightly stony. The prairie i« full of hay marshes, but in places dry a»e to be found. On section 1 a ridge of limestone exists about half a mile in circumference ; here a lime kiln has been built, which burns a large quantity of first-class lime. B. Township No. 14. — Consists of groves of poplar and glades of prairie. The prairie and bush are about equally divided. A lai'ge portion of the latter ha:> ucun killed by fire. The soil is dry and of an average quality ; a gi'avel ridge extends along the northern tier of sections, the soil in which is light and sandy. * 30 :ire- .Till.. : RANORM WKHT or THK IsT HRINCIPAI MKHIDIAN. T8WtM>llll Location of Towirthip* 33. C. E. Mari|iiettti Kant. D. 1). At tlu' f(K)t of thf li.lg*' the soil is atony. Frorn about one mile south of (he i-uljrc to liie Bust' l.ine the soil is of }i,o iVo. 1.').— About two-thirds of this township are iro(Kl land I'or settlement. Scattered j-roves of small poplar woods occur tit for feneinjj and fuel, but none of sufficient si/e to be ol" value for build nig. In the vicinitv of Shoal J.aUe a few stony ridges are to l)e met witii. The lake mentioned is of sliohtly brackish water, but not known to lie unwholmmie. ^ . Tnvn.-Mp No. !().- The greater part of tins townshij) is '< suited for settlement, 'flie northern portions are more or less thi<-kly wooded with poplar. The smaliness of the trees met with r(>stricts tlurir um;, for the present, to fencing itnd tnel. Stonv patrove of Provencl.er great value during the dry season The water is better adapted for domestic use; than that obtaine> c. IVJ B. fuel. There w no tiral)er in this township for fpiicing, building or ■• iliM oi iqiiette Tlifi luiul Ih cloar of wtoneB. C. D. Toirtmliip No. ♦>. — U a dwir open prairie of v<'ry j/ood (jual- l'i..Mnch«r. ity, and woU adapted for agricullurul purpoMCM, The soil is a l)lac:; niould with a day or loamy clay snb-soil. Tiu're Ih no timber in tiie t<»wn,ship, the nearest bimh being some three miles to the westward. Towmhip No. 7. — Abont two-thirds of this township is oc!- (•upie,nip i northern for building V^^V^::', \^^^^^^ ILX/along the ridge a goocation •) Townships Marquette East. 1' (( i^Ji location •) Townships (( Railwav S«lt Townthlpi ttr«; situated. 36 RANOBB WB«T «y THB IST PHIKCTTAL UKKlVtAK. £. E. D. D. CD. fuel, fencing and such building as would require pieces of no great size. Has no streams, but water can l*** obtained by digging. Range IV_ Wkst. Township No. 1 . — Assume^s more of a low eliaracter, well supplied with water in .some places by .small lakes or pond.s, and others by pools in dry water-cour,ses. The land is more adapted for .stock raising, owing to the abundance of hay land and water. The principal .settlemeut, which is Mennonite, and dcsig- ated '• Bloomtield." stands on .sectioas 1.5, lO, 17, 20, 21 and 22. In the southwe.stern portion we come acros-s the first tint- ber, along the western boundarj'. Township No. 2.— This township is level prairie ; soil, black loam. Two small islands of oak and black a-sh woods lie near the centre. Tonmskip No. 8. — Is almost entirely open ])rairie, well ad- apted for hay and gi-azing purpo.'^cs. A belt of splendid heavy timber, consisting of elm, oak and poplar, lies in the nortK- western portion. Two creeks of excel li>ut water traverse the wooded portion. There are a number of water-runs in other parts.. By digging to the depth of three or four feet, abundance of water can be obtained. Towmhip No. 4. — Is altogether open prairie, one of the finest town.ships in the Province. The surface is alternately level and undulating, and the soil a rich loam with clay hxCo- soil. There are a great number of Avatei'-runs, which are drj' during the summer, but a good supply of water can Ik; obtain- ed by diggpig to the depth of three or fotu- feet. Towmhip No. o. — Is good land, Avith the exception of some 1,500 acres in the north-easterly jwrtion of the town.ship, which is sAvampy. Through the centre nuis a lasting stream of good Avater, along the Imnks of which there is some fine timber, such a.s oak, a.sh, maple and elm. Towmhip No. (). — Every lot, in this township is fit for set- tlement. The soil is a very deep black mould, overlying white day. The Boyne River flows a(!ross the north-westerly part of the township ; the banks are about twelve feet high and the current about three miles per hour. A belt of good oak timber, intermixed with elm, poplar and basswood. averaging twelve inches diameter, extends along either bank of the river, having a width of from 10 to 20 chaiiis. Another belt of oak timber, of the same quality and width, extends in a south- easterly direction ftm I section 28 to .section 12. All the sec- tions containing wood, as well a.s some of the adjacent prairie lots, have been taken up and more or less improvements made thereon. Very ilne crops of wheat, barley and oats were xiiised here durinji^ th« past season. Location ol Townships Marquette East. nMmmm'' iM^i&,'£ji Riiilway IMU 7n wtudt Tawmhijwar* rt{tuat«4. 36 RAKflKfl WTST OF TWK IST miVCTtAT, MirRinTAr«. c. c. B.C. B. B. A. B. Township No. 7. — About twentj-'-six square miles of tin's township are beautiful undulating pradrie, with sandy loam soil. Wood is within a short distance of every part of the township. Along the eastern margin is the Great Marsh, covering about seven sections. The marsli is here verv wet and boggy, and overgrown with rushes. In summer cattle roam at liberty over the greater part of it, but it is not safe for loadti» carts especially near the mouth of the Riviere aux lies dcs JBois Tmonship No. 8.— The surface of this township is generally level, or slightly rolling. Hie soil is sandy loam, which alloWs the surface water to disappear early in the spring. Nearly all the township is .suital^le for cultivation, and sufficient wood tor fuel and fencing is everywhere convenient. Totrmhip No. It.— This' township consists parti v of prairie and and partly of poplar bush. A large portion of the prairie land is of a low marshy character, covered with coarse rank- grass, and having in places scattering willows and small pop- lar and oak groves. The poplar timber (which is found at the south-west corner of the township) is very small, and has been much destroyed by fire. The high land' consists of a black loam. Toirmkip A"o. 10— A large portion of this township con- sists of low bottom prairie with ta'^ rich grass and low wet marshes. The high prairie is generally of a fair c.ualitv. and has in places scattering willows and small poplars. " The township is traversed by a dn- channel (near the north l)oundary) from three to four chains in width, having banks from SIX to eight feet high. The bed of this channel consists of black mud about eighteen inches deep, and is grown uj> with tall grass. Clean hnc sand underlies the mud, in which good clear water can be obtained. This dr}^ cihanuel is timbered on both banks with oak, poplar and elm ; the timber, however, has been de- stroyed in some places by fire. Township No. 11.— This ranks as a second-rate township. Ihe northern half is covered with poplar, willow and under- brush; on the third mile south there is a heavv belt of poplar aad oak. South of this the country is more open, and on the rhird Correction Line a large wet marsh exists, coveied with long thick reeds. Some good timber is still standing (,.i the northern half; it I*; l)€ing rapidly destroyed year after vear bv fire. Township No. 12.— (South-Hal/:)— Thk township is cover- ed with thick poplar and underbrush, some Jieav^^ oak and elm occurring on the banks of the River Sale and Mill Creek. A few hay meadows of no great extent are inter^pei-sed The timber, particularly on the northern portion of the township, has been much thinned for fencing, although a great deal is still standing which is fit for rails. The land in this half of th« township is o£ second-rate quality. r*«'iishi|K.. Marquett* KaHt. I I 37 —•J in wi)ich '['•wnships are sihialed RANOBRWP.nT OP T1TK IW mtNCTrAI. MKRiniAM. LMUtjvn 'I'ownships A. B. B. B. B.C. C. Toicnfihip No 13. — A very attractive township for .settle- ment ; the soil is excellent in quality, being a rich clay loam. Along the ridge in the northern part of the toM'nship is j)lenty of Mwyuett* timljer for fencing, fuel and Iniiiding puqmsea. "LongLaKe" *• aflbrds an abundant supply of g(w);l water, and the jueadow lauds in the vicinity are extensive and good. Township A'o. 11. — In better adapted for grazing and stock nusing tlian for fanning. The south and ca.st portion.s are stony « and gravelly ; the north and west are free l'run» stones and have a slightly deei)er soil, while here and there are many iinei)rairie glades. The timber is mostly small poplar, and fit only f(>r fencing purposes. Townahip No. 1 5. — Is Ixinnded on tne noi'th-Avest hy Lake " St. Francis, an lu'm of Lake Manitoba. A largo marsh lies in the westerly part of the township. The easterly part is gener- ally level prairie, with some excellent building timber of jwplar and oak. Two roads, one to White Ho«*s<^ Plains and the other to Poplar Point, traverse this towiiship. Tovmship No. 16. — Lies to the East of Lake Jlanitoba and contains the French Half-Breed Settlement, known as the Lidian " Mission. The easterly part is w(X)ded with poplar oak and wil- low, some of which are good for building pur])ase'i. The north- easterly part of the township is marshy. Tovmhip No. 17. — The southerly part as well as the ea.«t- '• erly boundary is woodeint to the westward it gradually aasumes the character of a table-land, which is covered with dense scrub and poplar, and more to the north, oak groves. This township in many places pi'esents lieautiful locations f ir settlement, well supplied with, v/ater and fiicl, although in some jdaces diflRcult of access. Toximship No. 2. — This towaiship is chiefly prairie; soil, blaek loam. A belt of very fine oak, say thirty chains in width, E. nius through the southerly tier of sections, in which are laid off twenty-six wood lota. (( 3< Uailw.iy Belt which BAKOBH WKOT OF THE 1ST PRINOfJ-Al. MEBIHUN. (x>«ation »' fow Townxliips are :r=3 situated. this O'eok foriD River fri. passinii' Tmmship No, 3. — A belt of timber passes llirotigh D, township. With this exception it is all prairie land. Township No. 4. — Is prairie. There is no timber, but tini- ))er for settlement purposes could be l)rouf«;ht from the sloi)es ()f D. the Pembina Mountains, which traverse the western iowushii^ of the block in which this township is situated. Towmhip No. 5. — The surlace of this toA\'nship is level. There are a few small patches of hay land and a few dry gullies. The soil is a very rich black loam, 'fobacco Creek jias.'^c^s throujjfh D. the northern part of the township, running from west to east. The water is fresh. T .e scattered trees and clumps along TobHC<'r> the only timber to be found. Tomiahip No. 6. — The .surface of this townsl. level, with a slight inclination towards the Boyi. about a mile and a-half on either side of tiic river. Q j)^ The soil is a biack loam. The township is well watered by the River Boynt through the centre, running from west to ea«t. Tlic water is good and fresh. The township is well wooded by a belt of mixed oak, elm and basswood, stretching through it on each side of the Boyne, with a width of from five to twenty chains (J, Township No. 7 — The soil in this township is generally too sandy for good agricultural land. The timber consists mainly of jwplar, the best of which has, in most csises, been killed l:>y fire. In places, however, some o-ood oak and j)oplar wood are to be found. Tovmship No. 8, — The timber in this township is chiefly poplar, willow and scattered oak. The greater part of this tim- ber is fit for building, fencing, &c.; a considerable quantity has C. been destroyed by fire. Water is found in several places, but with the exception ot that supplied by Elm Creek, it is generally very IkkI The soil is light and sandy. There are some very good hay marshf-s. Township No. \). — One-half of this township is suitable for farming purposes, tbat is all the prairie (marshes excepted), and that portion of the woodland, for a depth of about a mile, which borders on the prairie. The soil hei'e varies from clay to sand, B. C. and is generally of a slightly inferior quality. The other pai'ts of the township, comprising the whole of the westerly and south- westerly sections, are of no value, having for the most part a very light sandy soil. Poplar timber covers about two-thirds of the township ; of this only that part which lies near the prairie is of any value ; the i-emainder is very thick, scrubby poplar, mostly dead, and only about ten feet high. The land is slightly rolling, with a gradual descent towards the nortli and noith-east. Good water can be found in any of the marshes by digging from one to three faet. ownshijr- Marijuett* Kast. M'UIK We.< ent. 3» Sit/ it^BT^^ Railway Belt in which Towoahips are 3= .iltuntcd. lUKOES WEST OV THE IST PRINCIPAL MBKIDIAK Location ol Towiiiihips iiettH est, Totmmhip No, 10. — With the exception of the hay marshes, this township is composetl of good agricultural land, especially B, •» the northerly sections, where the soil is of a very superior Marmi quality. ^^'^' The hay marahes are too wet for cultivation, but they are valuable for hay, of which they protluce a large quantity each year. The timber is chiefly poplar, of good quality and in quan- tities only sufficient for the use of settlers. The greater part of the townsliip is almost level prairie. The soil is a black loamy clay, full of vegetable and mineral de- posits. Running water is not plentiful within the township, but where it can be found it is of good quality. I'cnonmiip No. 11. — Is well adapted for settlement. The B, soil throughout l)eing of the best quality ; also the timber supply '* along the banks of the two rivers which traverse the township. The water of these rivers is not of tl:er twelve is excellent for agricultural pui-poses. I'ownnhip No. 13. — The southern portion of this township is excellent farming land, but towards the north it becomes stony and gravelly. The timber along "Stony Ridge" is small poplar A. B, and oak, affording abundance of good fencing material. The " stones are of the boulder character; these will prove useful for building purposes. The north-west quarter of the township is very good for agricultural purposes. B. Toionahip No. 14. — Is only suited for grazing and stock *' raising. The surface is very stony, and the water for the most part alkaline. There are extensive meadows along the margins of the great mjii-sh. B. Township No. 15. — Is a small fractional township lying to " the south-east of Lake Manitoba. C)n the shores of the Lake the land is wet and marshy. The dry lands are good prairie, bordered by hay lands. C. Towmhip No. 18. — This is also a fractional town^-hip east Keewatin of Lake Manitoba, the greater part of which is an extensive- marsh with lagoons and lakes. The rest of the township is good dry land, well adapted for settlement ; a mellow, rich soil, with few stones. The easterly tiers of sections are wooc'od with oak and poplar. Tomrtship iVo. 19. — Is on the easterly shore of Lake Mani- toba. There is an extensive marsh on the shore of the Lake. C. D. The easterly half is of splendid soil and is very well wooded with " oak and poplar, with extensive nrairies. There are .«pveral "imal) lakes affording a good supply of water. Tovmship No. 20. — The northern part is mostly wooded, part of which has been destroyed by lire. The soxithern part D. comp/i-ses hay swamps and sjutUl hogn ami iwuds, all cf»nnected '•' witii "Swan Creek/ «0 Kailwmy B«lt in ivhicii T*wi»hip« arec iltualvd KAKSKB WMT OF TBR IbT WUHOirAL MXSISIiJf. D. D. D Range VI. — West. Location al TowiMhips £. Township No. 1. — Is altogether t'oiiipristxl of the mountain Marquette range, and for the most part intersettetl with tleep ravines from '*'***■ one humlred to two hundred and fifty feet in depth, occasioned by the various small streams which take their rise from the low lands and marshes met with on the top of the mountains. It in along these streams and ravines that the greater part of the tim- l)er stands. It is composed of i)oi)lav, with some elm in the cen- tral and southern portions of the township. The timber on the iiorthern tier of s<'ctions is for the most part oak of fair dimen- sions. The south-west portion of the towii.ship is intersecte^ A belt of timber consisting of oalc, elm, and basswood, ex- tends along the river on each side, varying from) five to ten chains in width. There are also fsomc^poplars in the northern and western partw, but tlu! growth is small. There is a large amount of willow .lirush in!,the western part. Township No. 7. — Is timbered with a dense growth of wil- C. lows, with a sufficient quantity .of poplar and oak for settlement purposes. The water is good, and there is an abundance of hay The soil is of a black sandy nature and very fertile. Towimhip No. H. — Is well adapted for settlement, being C. well watered, with abundance of timber and hay. The soil is light but fertile. The timber is chiefly poplar and oak, of suf- ficient si/.e for building and fencing. Township No. 9. — Is not gooil either for agricultural or B, Ct lumbering purposes. The soil being of a very boggy nature with the exception of the sand liills and is liable to heavy floods in the spring. Township No. \0. — Is (composed of jidges^of, light, sandy B. soil, alternating with low lands which are flooded in the spring. The hills are covered withTsniall poplar, light brush and scrubby oak. The low lands are well timbered with oak,black ash and basswood, and are w(!ll ,wat(>red. Toionship No. 11. — This is a fiactionalll^township bounded B. by the parishes of Portage LaPrairie and High Blufl". It is well adapted. for settlement, beiiig exceedingly good soil, but the two westerly tiers of sections require draining. The tim- ber is large poplar, oak and elm. It is watered by a large creek. 'Township No. 12. — Tins township is almost entirely an open A. B. prairie. The soil is most excellcrt'; the _ surface gently undu- lates, and owing to the proximity of large blocks of heavy bush along the Assiniboine, it is a desirable location to settle on. Township No. 10 — This may be justly considered a most desirable' locality for settlement. There are numerous wooded groves toward the north part A. B. of the township, and the soil is everywhere most excellent for farming purposes. Abundan(!e of good water can be had at a depth of from six to eight feet in the low grounds, and from twelve to twenty feet in hi<>h <;rounds. Townsliip No. v.). — Is a small fractional township to the €■ D. east of Lake Manitoba, containing about three thousand acres and is all occupied. Township No. 20. — This to%vnship is also to the east of p. Lake Manitoba ; it is wooded with poplars, oak, elm and ash fit f(jr building timber. The surface is level and the .soil is a ifood black loam. Location ol Townihipu. Marquette West. Marquette West. Keewatin. ■> %m i»H^n>«w'«r m Rtitw^Y B«lt in which T«wjM>hip» arc ^ r (ItuMcd 42 lUVOlHi WKBT or THB IST MirNCITAI. MT.RIDIAW. Location of Townnhlji. Range VII.— West. Tmtn^hip No. 1.— The iiortl\«'m poiiiou oF tliistownHhip's E. nuich broken by the Pembina River and Vallev. r,lie latter hav- ing an average width of from 2 to a miles and being intersected by numeroiis small ravines, is so uneven as to be rendered almost totally unfit for settlement. The southeni portion of the township is the liest but the soil is light. Sufficient t imber exists for fuel though difficult of access, while the running water is good. Toiomhip No. 2.— About three-fourths of this township are E. undulating prairie. Soil, black loam. On the remainder there is poplar wood of average size- say eight inches. Sixty (fiO) timber lots have been laid off in the southern part. Pembina River runs through sections 4 and 5. The south-west comer is much broken by steep hills and deep gullies. Township No. 3.— Consists partly of prairie, and partly of timbered lands. The south-east portion is for the most part. D. prairie, the rest is covered with poplar and bii.sh. mixed in some places with oak. Sections U, 35 and 3G are intersected by a spur of the Pembina Mountains. They i,re unfit for acltl-ment as the surface is broken by deep ravines, with banks 100 feet high. At the bottoms of the ravines there are creeks contain- ing excellent water, all running in a south-ea.sterly direction. The north-westerly part of the township contains good land, well timbered with poplar and oak, but the prairie por- tion in the south-east of the township is of inferior quality. There are many marshes where wild hay and water can be procured. Township No. 4. — Is heavily timbered with oak and poplar. D. There are also some elm, ash, maple, and white birch. There is not one section of ]>rairie land in the township, but there are some clearings made by recent fires. The Pembina Mountains intersect it almost diagonally, and the surface is so much broken by ravines as to render one-third of tne area unfit for settlement. The rest of the township is well suited for farming. There are numerous creeks of good water running down the sides of these mountains. No fixed rocks are visible, but boulders may be met with occasionally. Toumship No. 5.— The soil and timber are generally of an D. inferior quality and the surface is very much broken. It is traversed by several branches of Tobacco Creek, the water of which is of an excellent quality. ^ _ Township No. 6.— About .sixty per cent of this township is fit for agricultural pui-poses. The Pembina Mountains traverse the southern and western portions, and the River aux lies de Bois and its tributaries flow through the northerly part of the township, affording a supply of good water. The soil is how- (J. D» ever rath-r sandy. The timber, which is mostly poplar and Marquette East. V . i^~ ' :ation of n-nnhlpi. rquett« East. in which Towiwhipt nr*i 43 HANAM W«»T or TWIt Irt miNCIPAL HRIUDIAN 0. V 0. B.C. B. A B. A. B B. E. oak, is not of hpavv growtli, nxcopton'thc banlcBof the Tmomhip No. 7. — The soil i.s of .second qnalitv boii Li>cailon of Town«hlr«. ftrqi Olt. the Htreams. quality l'oin;jf sandy but ini proven somewhat in tlio .soiithorly tier of 8(;ctions espec"- ially along thi- north brancli of the Kiviero aux Lsh't du Boi.s, a stream aViout three feet dcop and thirty feet wide, which flows in a .southeasterly direction acro.ss Sections G, 5 and 4. There are many marshes and .s»jve)-al patchf^s of prairie. The timlier Is poplar with willows aiul brush. Tlie poplar i.s generally so small as to be lit only lor fencing and fuel. Toxomhlp No. 8. — Flie soil tliroughout this township is a 8and3- clay and, except in a portion of the; south-west quarter, it is of second-class, and in some places it is .scarcely that. In the north-west (piarter the soil is sniuly loam ))artly first-class. Marquette In this (piarter the best timber is to be found, being prineipallv ^*''''' poplar in .some places mixed with oak, suitable tor building timber and saw-logs, while over a portion of the west half and in many portions of the eastern lialfthrn; are extensive tracts of timber suitable for fuel aild fencing. The surface of nearly the whole township is level, Tov^nship Noh. !) and 10. — Are low and marshy. The .soil being of a pa ndy and worthless nature and the tindW small and ** fit only for fuel and fencing. The.se town.ihips are quite unlit for settlement. Toit^mhip No. 11. — Is a very small fractional township con- taining about one section of dry land. The remainder is marshy •« with reeds and rushes. Toivnship No 12. — Is all excellent r.ollivg prairie. The soil is a fine, rich, black loam, with a slight raixtm-e of sand. The " sub-soil is clay. This town.ship, though well suited for farming, is without timber of any value, there being only a few clumps of poplar, willow and small oak. Township No. 13. — Is all land of a kind suited for.scttlemout; has a rich sod and undulating surface. <« There is hardly any wood in the township. Toumship No. 14. — Tnis township borders on Lake Mani- toba. It consists of very fine prairie land, well watered by several streams which discharge into the lake. There is veiy little timber in this towmship. Range VIII.— West. Torcnship No. 1. — The .soil is inclineal of this tind)er. Tlie south-west part is nearly all open prairie. Then; are a number of marshes which atlord a snp[>Iy of hay, suflReient for the wants ol* the (larly settler. There appeal' to be no fixed rocks hiu! J)ut few boulders throuf>hout the whole township. Tovmliip Xo. "). — The land is rolling' and hilly, and for the most part thickly timbered; on the eastern side the timber is of excellent (piality. Through the centre there is a belt al)out one mile wide lying north and south, covered with dense scrub, dry hazel and willow, with bluHs of poplar. The soil is good in the southern i)ortion, but to the north it is of inferior ([uality, it is however Avell supplied with wat No. \\. — 'PI,,' tiortli-oast mid iioitIi-\V(«Ht portions B. nrcin i^vnciiii well mlapfcil for fMrniiiij;. Tlio soil is ot* a, dark loamy naiun', ami well timlx red witli poplar and oak sullicicntly larijo for l»nildiii}r purp(»s(>s. Tiic north-east portion is opcii prairie occii pic 1 Ity settlers. 'I'he sontli-east and sontli-west portions are timbered willi small po|)lar, tliieU willows and lieavv windfalls. The soil heiiifi; lij^dit and sandy. Rat ( 'reek traversi's th . *, Locaitlos of TowDsbip> . lUUwftv Belt In wblch Tcwiubipt ar« aitukted. 47 RAN6E8 WEST OF TBB IST PRIlfCiyAI, MIRreiAW. B. A. B. A. B. B. B B C <( C. c. Township No. 11.— The soil of this township being chiefly black clay loam, is well adapted for agricultural pui-poses The Burtace is undulating, having a Jew small swamps, which, if drained, would preduce good hay; it also contains several small streams The remainder is covered with bush of small chiefly poplar and birch. size. Totcmhip No. 12.— The greater part of this township rpen, and a good deal prairie. In the southerly part of it there are a few poplar groves, but the timber is small in size, scar:ely any of it being lit for building purposes. A good deal of it could be used for fencinL'. In the west there aie many willows and thick bush. In tliis township there are a few good hay swamps. The soil, with the exception of that in a few sections, is very good, being chiefly black clay loam, and is well fitted for agriculture. Water can be easily ol)tained, except in the north-easterly part of the township, where it is necessary to dig for it. Township No. 13.— The White Mud River runs through the northern quarter of the township, and is bordered on its banks, at the south side, with oak chiefly, and on its northern side with oak and poplar forest, interspersed with willow. The soil of the north side of the White Mud River is of a light loamy character, most of it is covered with timber or brush. The south side, excepting about a half mile back, is wet, and without drainage can only be used in a very dry season. Township No. 14.--Thi8 township is well suited for agricul- tural purposes. The timber is chiefly small poplar, through which frequent fires have passed. It is in general valuable only for roofing houses and firewood ; but towards the north there is some fit for lumber. Township No. 15.— Lies on the western shore of Lake Manitoba. A deep marsh with reeds and rushes borders the lake. The remainder of the township is timbered with poplar and willows. The soil appears to be mixed with shale and gravel. Along The Big Gruds Marsh there is a large quantity of good hay lands. Township No. 16.— The soil although shallow is of very good quality, especially on the lake shore where tliere is some excellent hay-land. Along the southern and part of the west- ern outlines, first-class poplar is to be found in good quantity. The greater part of the resi of the township is covered with dead poplar, interwoven with willow brush, together with occasional bluffs of green poplar. In the west there are numerous very bad muskegs. Township No. 17. — Is similar to the proceeding township in soil and timber. Township No. 18.— Lies on the western shore of Lake Mani- toba. The soil and timber ai-e the same as in the two preceding townships. Lccaticn o( 'I'ownshlpc 18 Morquett* arqi W est. N-W T«- ritory I ♦ 48 Railway Belt in which Townships are : situated RANOES WEST OF THE IST PRINCIPAl, MERIDIAN. Location ot TowMhips CD. E. D. D. D. Towmhip No. 19 and 20 are iVactioiml townships on the wes- terly shore of Lake Manitoba. The soil and timber are similar to the foregoing townsliii)s. RAX(iK X— Wkst. ToicmUp No. 1.— The soil of this township is very good and the character of the country rolling prairie. There is no timber ^I*{^*^^J*« whatever in the township. (lood Avater is to be had in all the ponds and marshes. AVould be well adapted for settlement but for the absence of timber. ,^ Towmhip No. 2.— This township is slightly undulating prairie. Soil, black loam; excellent fanning land. There are several good hay swamps in this township, kit with the excep- tion of the swamps, there is no water. Toivmhip No. 3.— Is almost entirely open lu-airie, the sur- face undulating ; and there are some muskegs. The Pembina River flows through the north-easterly part. There is some tim- " ber on its banks, but the southern and western portions of the township are entirely destitute of tiud)er. The International Boundary Survey road passes about two miles to the south, and aifords easv access to the lands. Toicmhip No. 4. — The surface is very uneven, broken by numerous ravines. The Pembina River traverses it. The val- ley is about one mile and a (|uavter wide. The river is from " forty links to three chains in width ; the depth varying fnmi two to ten feet, and the banks aie very steep. The surface for the greater part of the townshi J) is covered with timber and brush; there are very few sections of open })rairie. Township No. 5. — With the exception of Sections 6. 7 and 18, the laud in which is r(jugh and broken, this township i.s ex- •' cellent for farming purposes. ♦ A belt of poplar timber of good quality runs along the south, east and north boundaries of tlie township. The coitral and western jKirtions are chiefly covered with dense oak and wil- low scrub. In the north-east corner there is a small brook of good fres ; water with several fine cold springs in its banks, and in the south-west a deep ravine with a creek which has its head about four miles from the Pembina River. In Sections 2 and 29 there are two small lakes, the water in which is salt and stagnant Water can be obtained at any place in the township at a depth of from eight to twenty feet. 'J'oirit.sJiip No. (}. — The oorth-west p(»rtion of this township is (juite hilly, too much so for (Uiltivation, eJicepthig very small portions, adjacent tt> muskegs, which are very numerous. The -'^^'^^^."g"*' remaining por(i(»n of ihe townsliip is well adapted to farming. The land is rolling ;ind the soil excellent. There is (ixcelient water, and a fair <|uaiUity of wood. This is almost entirely iioplar. There are a great iuimb(a' of hay Mats gi-t)wing an excellent quality of hay. Nearly every section has ()iUM)r more ol' these. 1 Location ol TowiMhipt lavquette West. >4 \ 5 ,l«llw»y rteli ,' in which '"•"nshlps are situat«d. MAXHKX WK.vr OF TIIK Ikt PniNO irAL HKniniAM c. B.C. B. B. A.B. A.B. B. Location Townshi) inonf' T u Tv ^' "-^^^^^'^'^^ ^^^h' i« well adapted for «...ttlo- C u- '''n'""' '^"-^ ^"^•^^'^ ''^''^ ^^^>'« ««^v.s throlU the north orn hnlt. Its valley is well adaptnlior grazing, ^e v« er n Toin,.>A/y> .Vo. 8.-T].e .surface is rolljui,^ Avithdeen rivine« along the Mater courses. Tlie soil isexeelletif ... i /i • \ ;i!;:T ,S'f!;«.i''« *""'-■ 'l-'l-'--) - »-■'•«. -k1 part oVu E VVe»t, -> ■•■'" Mav()iiette Wfst. B. B. 0. entv been killed bvliro. "" "'"'' ' '" "■"'"' '"•'' P^'^t of it ha^ Jmcnshf}, JVo y.-Consist.s of rolling land timbered with mail grey wdlow and underwood, with '.u.rnerou.< sma n m b^and mueh w.ndidl The tind>er is sn.all, and ah^ gX- (he townsh:,) presents lew attractions to the settler eith^ fb- agricultural or gra^ng pur,.o.ses. The soil is a li.ht .san iy Joa m lowmkip Ao. 10.— The soil i,s «indv loam, with olav sub- sod, which umy be mted a.s third-cla.ss. The north-east no,'" , IS covered with small p.plar and thick underwood of la/e an Tovmshlp No U U on tiie wh<.!e M-ell adapted for .ettle- njent. The land ,s only of .econd-class c.ualitv, but tJiefacil ies J) wood and water counter-balance in a gl-eat iu;nsure Si s W badv. Ihen.aui trad of the Waskntch.wan run,« throuo rt The suriace is genera ly level with small ridges. In the smith west quarter the wood i.« especially abundantTand in some X^ ot large growth. The water is good but hanl, and is Srabl^ ." nearly every spot by sinking a moderate depth. Then a'e im ledges of rock, but granite boulders may lie seen wl ' ^Jd TowmhipNo. 12.-The soil and ti.nber a,-e the same as in the foregoHig township. ^ ''*' '" rhJ'Zrl%^\ la-The north half is a large floating b,H, lie ou h halt although wet ni the spring is drvin the summer J he timber ,sn)osty poplar with a (ew oaks' and elms S water inbcpun-e Creek which Hows through the .south- ;estir]v jnnt.isvery good, and the land on ifsbanks is fertile * to tlie'Sl^er^' ^K ^i"'^^"' 'T"f *'' "'^''' ^'•^^* inducement. TO ine .settler. Its ,>.oil is in mo.st n aces a verv vinh o„,j i black mould, resting on a marl subsoil ' '"'^ ^'"'P There is j^leiity of tind^er for fencing and I'uel For builrl mg purposes, good poplar and oak timber mav be obtai„eup9arc lititmtad. nAVftKfi ^KHT OF THT. JhT rBtKOtrAl. MKKtDtAN. Kvuitixn ol 'rowiiKUijM uette eiit. Township No. 17. — Like the other townships in the vicinity is conn)Osed of bluflFs of green poplar and small patches of hay C, land and of poplar woods which were burnt over some few years Marc^i ago. To the west is the big grass marsh, alonLC the alge oF which is a large quantity of excellent hay land. Tlie soil, though perhaps not superior arable land, would bo well adapted for pasturage. C. Township Ko. 18. — Is covered with a donso marsh, broken iiiN-W Terri- plactts by large muskegs. The soil is shallow. There is a gootl tory. quantity of poplar timber. Township No. 19 — Is thickly wooded chiefly with poplar and some spruce and willows with thick underbrush. The land lies ^^ G. D. low and wet in places with frequent marshes, Tlie timber would be useful for fuel and fencing. The township is not adapted for agricultural purposes. Township No. 20. — This township lies to the west of liuke Manitoba, and for two or three miles inland the timber is ex(jell- ent; further to the west it consists more of good green bluffi, ^^ D. and the land, (which having been burnt over a few years ago) is now covered with dry poplar, brush and windfall. The soil is of a fair quality. Range XI — West. Township No. 1. — Is of a similar character to the previously ' \v2"^ E. mentioned township, viz., Township 1 in Range 10 AVest. Tovnuhip No. 2 — This township consists of rolling prairie ; E. excellent land Soil, black loam. Water none, except that on the surface. Township No. 3 — Thi.s township Is Avell suited for s ttlo- ment. It is nearly all rolling prairie, and the soil is in most places very fine. It grows in nearly every section good grass J> and hay. In most of the sloughs good water may be ha(i by digging. Settlers can be supplied with wood from the two adjacent " townships la the same block. Township No. 4. — Is principally woodland. There is a belt of poplar ana oak timber along the base line, about four miles long and from one to three miles wide. Portions of this have D. been destroyeawnship* Mft) •quette Weat. c. N-W Ttr- ritory Township No. 14. — It well suited for settlement. The soil is excellent Water is abundant and good. Timber is plenti- B. t'ul.and distributed i.s btilis and groves all through the town- ship. The White Mud River passes along the northern part of the Township. "A chain of small lakes, the water of which i.^ good, stretch along the southern part. Totvnahip No. 15. — Is well adapted for agricultural pur- B. poses, having excellent hay land. Portions of the; ground are covered with clumps of willow bushes and poplars. 2mcn4fhip No. 10. — The northern part of this township is mostly prairie — the southern part alternate dumps of willow, B. Ci poplars and patches of prairie. Soil good for agricultural purposes. About half of this township is a mar.sh, and if draineil would produce an immen'^t) quantity of hay land. Tmonship No. 17. — The easterly half lies in Big Grass Marsh. The southern part is beautiful prairie. The northerly is traversed by the Big Grass lliver whose banks are lined with thick oak, elm and maple, tS:c., providing a considerable quantity of wood for fuel and other purposes, and making the town.ship a desirable location for the intended settler. Totiynship No. 18. — Is principally covered with poplar and thick willow brush. The Big Grass River intersects the north- C. west corner, which is good, but the rest of the township cannot be recommended for settlement. The north-east part comprises some bad muskegs. Township No. 19. — (Jontains some large muskegs and a great many small ones, but the greater part is covered with fine spruce and poplar timber, much of which is large enough C. D. for sawlogs. The soil is fair quality, and at the edge of the " muskegs there is an amount of good hay land. Township No 20. — Is timbered with poplar and spruce, much of which is iit for manufacturing for the wants of the adjoining townships. There are many small uniskegs, on the D. borders of which there is a considerable (jnantity of hay land. " The soil is only of a medium quality. Range XII. — Weht. Township No. I.— The land in this township becomes more hilly than in those immediately to the east. The soil is very E. good with a few trees, on the banks of Cypress River in the Marquett* northern portion of the township. Well adapted for settlement. ^fni^ Township No. 2.^ — This township consists of a rolling prairie, having good soil. Crystal River, a small stream of _ the purest water, which flows through a large gully, ci'osses E, the townsliip in a south-easterly direction. The»e is .jome good timber in the northerly portion of the toAvnship, and also in some places in the gully. Touniship No. ^. — Offers great advantages to the settler. P, It cx>n8ists partly of woodland and partly of prairie. The soil '' I it ? ajr _ . in which I TawmMpg are : siciiatcd 63 RAN«EH WEST OF THK IST I1RINCIPAL MIRIDMN. D. CD. C. C. B.C. B. 18 good water ,s abundant and excellent, and timber is plenti- tul and oi good ciuahty. Hay and grass can also be obtained n abundance Pen.bina River and" its tributary brook pass through this township. "^ ^ TmmshipN-o. 4. -Is partly wood land and partly prairie. It IS abundantly supplied with good water and timber The atter consists tor the most part of small oak and poplar. On he banks of the Pembina River, which passes through this township, are some verv fine large sized elms The immediate valley of the Pembina River is from half a mile to a mile m widtli. The soil here is excellent UwmhipNo. >.— This township is nearly all covered with hi-ush, generally growing among fallen timber. The soil in most parts is good, excepting on the hills where it is slaty Ihe lakes are in most cases shallow, some being little more than marshes, fast filling up and becoming solid. There is some poplar tit for buihling and fencing. The most of the .sAvamps afford good hay. Cypress River runs through the north-east part ot the toMnisliij). Towmhip No. O.-The north-east portion .;f this township IS tor the most part rolling prairie. The remainder is covered vvith brush and fallen timber. The soil in the vallevs is a fine black loam slightly inclined to be sandy; on the hilltops it is either sandy or of a clay slate nature. ' ih\. . ^'•>'P/"?'^« I^iv*-'^- ™»« through the soutli-western part of tins township. The water is of good .juality. JmmisJiip No 7.~The land is generally undulating, and the sod .rood, with the exception of the northern tier of sec- tions where the sand hills begin. It is not well wooded. 1 here are only some small clu.nps of good poplar, and few oak and elm, and on the sand hills a growth of stunted spruce I lie Cypress river runs through the township ]ts water is excellent, there are some limestone boulders in the southern part but jio hxtKl rock. There are some good hav meadows Jowmhip ^0. 8.— Is quite unfit for ^cultivation, with tlu; exception ot the valley of the Assiniboine, being composed of sand hills covered with ])oplar, spruce, elm and eottonwood. the timber in the valley is good, but the spruce which grows on tJie saiid hills is worthless, being limbed down to the stump. IJK' land in the valley of the Assiniboine is a very nci. loam. There are some good mill sites on the Cypres^* .tiver which flows through the south-east part of the township inertMs no water to be found on the sand hills. Toivmh!p,s Nos. t) ami 10.~Are unfit for agricultural pur- poses, being all ,sand hills and swamps intervening. The tim- l)er is useless for manufaeturing purposes. ^hwfu!/,ip No. 1 1.— An abundant supply of good water and suitable timber for building as well as the quality of the soil in parts and its nioxirtrty to the great Saskatchewan trail will all eoiidiiee to the early settleim'jit of the townsl land is in the (jeotre lip. The best IiOcation or Townshl{» Marquette W«it. Rai\way Belt In which Townnhips are •Unaud. 64 BAXOSH WEST OF THJt IhT PUIMUI'AI. MKKiniAK. '• Tswtuihlps. A.B. A. B. B B C C. C. CD. E. P Toicmhip No. 12.— Almost the entire surface consists of low wet swamps, useless for settlement purposes until drained. There are, however, a few good quarter sections along the left ^^'^yj^*"* bank of Pine River which flows across the township. The timU-r consists chiefly of poplar, and the lower parts are tliickly grown over with willow and other scrub. Tmcmhip No. 13.— The soil is generally very good, being of a sandy loamy charact(;r. The entire surface is covered witli dense scrub with poplar in some parts. " Good water can be obtained in abundance, both by digging and from small creeks. The south-west is low and swampy. Several belts of low lands stretch in diflerent directions through the Township. Township No. 14.— This township is well adapted for set- '< tlemeut. The soil is a rich loam, mostly dry and arable. The White Mud River flows across the town.ship from west iio east Tiie water is excellent in quality. Timber is abundant— suitable for building and fen" "" '"!» <"• .KnolK numWrflX" °„l7;?l'r^ "'^■^'''"■'•' ■»" "-roareagreat wiuch . .jLSi: t-'^^iih-irsifaAT s?oti:r '-'-■ ^^Tr "-?[J-"t°"' »f nn-„eS,*„7a;ry L.I. series of brol^nhUhl^w tl r T" P?:*"'" «"'« t™l"P is a poplar. A^S „e aCaTtotrl'' "li"' '""^^ ""'' ™'' «■"' 36 29 and •?! Tl^? ""^ "'""'' '" sections 33, 34 25 and pJrfe • ^'"^ ™"'«™ P-"^'^ "■"■lo "P "f patches of « n.n a^iftoTvSf "'■* *"'""« ""'^ "^ ^""^ ^P""g »»<", ...ay "dTn t bi^j^d™'''"^™""-^-' ''"' '"»' "-<< '-., ,H"yXt'^^tiL'1L«„'X''4c'';roSi''''"'r "-' ^">- arge creek runs through the 3 of the l^^,^l"h™ T"""'- ■^'<- ...to a swamp at the n^rth, wSts „n r™ rf sorr'oT.?!'" A very Jarffe snrinrr «f «.«^j x • '"taui some i,^uu acres. lorner of tlie township ' "'^ south-east whioh^,w" ';r;lv"''"' "■" ^''"""'''" <"'*^' "" "- hill tops, ofpri>HH Creek- ivn^vir-huliijis ' » ^ .,^^.^^ n ,^!orth-ea^orlv d,veet.on-^---;t ;-^^^ ^^^^ ^,^^,,^.^. ,^. Humll irregular Inl k '-"^ ,;/''-?!,"; 'In Tuul lin.her on the As- -f ^y ^'iS;;;::;. 'li^l 12 tiro Jl northern part, are of ^>od :ir&^th^' the river is b.t.een three and s.x .eet. '^1 current oi' >^l;»'t^>--::^- /^.^'^^li^ists of .and hilh, To-ni,s/H/>i>o. ».---liu^ wc.t^^^^^ has.-on.iderahle oak ^ith buBh but no t"^^'-;. ,,^^ ;;^^ r and tan.arae, situated ..,,a:t;rtl^^'^vIr^Th remainder, tine prairie. ..th oak ,;d poplar seattx^red and meb^ajp ^^^^ ^^. ^^^^^ ^.^^^ ^, . ^ =1^: bip ue.il ;-;.-- -^^^^^^^ C^^^^'^'tn ;i:;;l:"avera,in, about seven inehe. u. diameter. TliesurraeeisvcrvhillyandtheH.il only of seeond-class q^'^^b^v ,1 ^^'^l^l^ ^ (^;^\,^a. The we.st. ^vit•h heavy poplar ^^'"« " ^^./^^ ,f aaudv land, with serub, ern part has a good '"f ^/I'^^^'f ^, f,. TL.th of <,n-ass. There and'iusomeplaee^nohu^brit^^i^^ ^^^^ ^^nth-ea^terly arc numerous nuiskegs. 1 c - '^^^ ^ ^^^.^^^ . ,,,,iley. partofthctuwr^h,p,ru.uun,^o^^^^ ^e u.a^^es. chiefly Township i\ 1 3.--1S, *" ^f,^f^^^^^^ ^^ ^^-oken bv lulls, and covered w»th good timber. J^^ "^' L.^enltural purposes. t.:ti^':;in^:Lk:!!v;^^^^ P^"''"':^e ^^> dit^n^lv'rrom ^vest to .ast, is very v. ,, wants of the settlei • Generally a li-bt sandy loam. ^ra tin mil^-- leJel A L gravel ridges run in a north-w.sterly^ir-tjon ac^^^^ considerable quantity ^^"^^^^e^h^SSd ^- { -s through section 6. It eon- tains alxabumdant supply of excellent water. tory. B. It' ({ « \( Railwty Belt In which TotviMhIpt ar*-: xiiuated. ar KAK0K8 WMT 0? THE 1»T PBIKCIfAL MHHIPUW B C C. c. CD. E. D. Lecs«inn •! Tovtiuhirt, Townnhip No. \(i. — The soil Ih <,'onera!Iy of an inferior ((uaJity, being ligiit sandy loam. In many plactvs in tlif north- Wiwt qiiartiTof tlic township the »oil does not exceed six incliesN-^ Tei-ri in depth, the sub-soil being eonipused of gravel and boulders The timber is of \(iy little value except for fuel. Fenc- ia*( and building timl)er can be procurtnl at the Hiding Moun- tain, some I .') miles distant. Tomittliip No. 17.— Tliesoi) is of light sandy loam. Tlie land, excepting two small gravel ridgCH, which run in a »,orth- weBterly (lircction acrosw it, w level. The marshes ,M^duce <:(hh1 liuy. TmcHHhlp No. 18. — Ooutains very little gooti farming land. The .soil, with the exception of that on the mai-shy land, is principally slight sandy loam. This town.ship being vei; low and level, is tlomled with the water froui the Ividing Mountain. Mearly one third of this township is n)arsh (»r hay land, and in the spring more than one-half of it is covered v,ith water. The timl)cr has been all killed by fire, and cou8e(|uentJy is of no value excej)t for fuel. Towmhip No 19. — Is, except the two tiers of sections next the .south line, unfit for st^ttlenjent. The soil is gravel even in the marshes, and the lumber cliiefly poplar. Towmhip No.2.0. — The soil Is stony and gravelly, and there are many groves of largo size jxjj)lur, spruce and red pine, and a young gnnvth of the same timber spread through the township. ()wingto the numerous marshes and gitivelly nature of the soil, it is not w<'ll adiii)ted for settlement. llAXOK XIV-Wkst. Towmhip No. '1. — IschieHy good rolling prairie. \ ravine about sixty feet in di.'pth runs through the western part of the township, in which pools of standing water are to be found. There is some good tind^er in the noi'th-east. Towmhip No. o. — The soil of this township is a dark loam, somewhat inclijjcd to Im- sandy. On the top of the, knoll» it bwomes gravelly. Oak, elm, po[>lar and ba.sswood are abundant along the shores of the lake, imd in the valley of the river. There Ls like- wise a large (jusmtity of timber in the southern part of the town- ship. The Pembina River, which empties into the lake, is a crook- ed sluggish streant. It averages abvUlow. No utone or indication of mineralH. Towntihip No, 5. — This township is rough rollirjij land. Hav swamps are numerouH. The water \» nearly all alkaline, N-W and the soil gravelly. At the north aue fomid in th(! south-west part of the township. The lowlands have a black loam soil, and the uplands a gravelly «oil. Tov'tMhip No. 7. — In the s( uth-east nuurters alx ut one-half the land is good black loam ; tlui remainder very wet swamps. In the south-west and small dead [x^plai'. The qucutcd j-.iad to Fort EU'u-v and l)ai-t of u n .i A9 Kelt u (• o,I (|ii!ility and .•an be i-asilv cmti- vat<H. \'.\ awl U.— The Hoil is of nn inlbrior qua ity. Tlio siiiliK-." partly prairio an«l pai-tlv tinihoml with N-W Per. pO|)Iai-and oak. in sonu" phur.s ofp.od (|na!ltv." Then-are n\any "^"''^ siwainps hut no Htreanis. Tainixhip Xo. \n.-^U cxcvlii-nt tannin;; land, with tlui ex- ception of that portion lyir^east oftho Bcautifnl Plain llidgo and seetioni^ H, 7 and IK. where the soil is a light sandy loam, The White Mnd River, vvjth .^everul other .Hmall .strearas imsing (ustward thiongh this t«.wnship, give an mdinutod suii- ply oi oxeclleut \\a(<'r. Tho marshy land along the str(>anis pro''' "■'*^'' ''"'^' '■'•" •^'^«' '"=M>lf' >iri' <"""'l skirting the banks ot the W hite Mnd River. Tliis, with a t'vw groves of poplar \n the oidy timber in this township available for building purposes TnirHHhip Xo. l(i.-.-\Vrst of the Beautiful Plain Ridge; thiii twynship is all (xeellent farming lank, and owing to its prox- imity to the Jtiding Ab.untain, where foneing and building tim- a her eun be proeurcd, is well .«;uited f,,r immediate settlement. This township is nearly all covered with willow and small poplar, the mo,«t of which has been destroyed bvfire. _ Towmlnp Ko. 1 7.— The westerly half of this township eoii- tains someexeellent farming lanrl. It is nearly all covered with rose and willow bushes and, small poplar. The ea.stern portion (»f the township is intersected with small gravel ridges. „ The soil is a light and sandy loam. This jKH'tioii of the township has no timber of any value * ex(,'ept for fu(>l. ' ' A large marsh is formed near the centre of the town.«»hip by the spreading out of the waters of two large streams flowing eastward from the Hiding Mountains. Those streams supply an abundance of exeell(>nt water, I'ortions of the marshy land produce an excellent srovvth of hay. "^ Building timl>er can be obtained at a distance of about two miles. Toirmlu'p JSo. IS.— Nearly one-fourth of thi.s town.ship i.-s marsh or hay laud. Tlie soil is a light sandy loam. Excepting .< a few grav(^l ridges in the west half of the township the land is very low and level. About one-half the township is flooded in the spring, the waters of several streams from the Riding Moun- tains passing throntrh it. A large portion of the marsliy land produces a rank o-rowth of hay. ' " The timber, except that in sections 6, 7 and 18. has been destroyed by iii'e. '^^^wm Kelt In wnlc:li Townships an ,- ■titimtcd flO RANSBSWIWT or TMR IsT PlllNCJI'AI, MKRIBIAN" CD. J). B.C. B. A. B. A.B. Tomwhif) No. Id. — The surfiu'o oonsists almost entirely of marslus and nuiskej^, exc/!|{tiuj? the tier of soi'tions adjoining the southern line. The hay in the.se marshes is of excel lent N quality and in great ahund'anee. There are ji^roves of g(x>d ]mp- liir scattered through the towjishipand also a few patches of veiy good oak. The soil is chietly srravelly, which, with the marslK^is, renders it almost altogether untit for agricultural purposets. Towmhip No. 20.~~One-half of the surface consists of swamps, the bottoms of which are gravelly an No. 22.— The soil, timlxT jind surface arc similar to those of the Jast mentioned township. R.woE XV— Wkst. 7b«Wi./yj JNy). 9.— Presents few attractions to the settler; the greater part consists of a mai*sh formed l>y Pine (,'reek, while the remainder is high sharp i^and hills, bare on the to]>s l)ut «>v- ered on the .sides with a dense send) of spruce, &e. Along the banksof Pine Creek there is some poplar and spruce tmiber suitable for sawing. rw/'jw/iv;^ iVV. 10.— Consists chiefly of sjuid hills and the soil IS of a very poor description. The' .south-wast portion is a deep swamp caused by Pine Creek. The timber consists of seat- t^^-reil poplar, oak, spruce and ,«crub. A small strip of prairie, runs parallel with Fine Creek abmit a mile distant therefrom. There is a small lake in sections 27 and 28. Tominhlp No. 11. —The .soil in the north and Avcst iiarts is of nrst-rate quality— a rich black clay loam. The south- westerly portion is n su(vession of s .arp 'sand-hills which arc (juite worthless for cidtivation. There are a few ponds in which tiie water is good. In the south-westerlv porticn there is .some go(jd timber, though the chief timber in the bluffs is poplar. Tovmhip No. .1 2.— The soil in the whole of the town.«hip is first-class— a rich black clay loam. There are a few good hav wamps. There is very little timber. Willow Creek flows dia- gonally across the township. ']'hc water in the streams and ponds is very good. Tmmship No. 1.3.~1^1»e surface is beautiful rolling prairie, with grovers of poplar. Tlie soil i,s of gooout one-half is well w()o<>s, covcnvrl with short N-W Ter- high willow, rose hush, Imzfl, and clumps of poplar. Th»^re are several ereeks orass, High a few scattered wliieh are dry ritorv. durinff the summer. The main cart-trail to the Saskatchewan counary crosses the centre of the township. Tnirmhlp No. 10. — The soil is a rich hlacU loam, Avith a s\iUstratinn of clay. The north-westerly part is situated at the eastern base of the Riding or Dauphint; Mountains, and is heavily wooded with large maple and poplar, tit for building purposes, with large gray willow, tamarack and st\inted oak, and a dense undergrowth ofe bushes. Tt is well watered by ma.iiy small brooks, and some large patches of good hay lands are to be found in the l)ottoms. Towiwhip No. 17. — 'J^he two easttnn tiei-s of sections are low— generally wet — cQvered with a dense thicket of alder and willow, the soil being rich and deep, in the tliird tier of .sections the Riding Mountains begin to rise at a steep in- cline for about half a mile, on the crest of which is a plateau, generally rising towards the we.st for about one mile and a half, where another steep incline occurs. The western part is intersected by tortuous and rugged ravines averaging from 400 to 000 feet deep ; at the bottom of which runs rapid and never failing streams of good water. The soil on the monnt- ains is very thin, not averaging more than lour inches in depth, being of a tine, rich, vegetable mould. The snbsoil is shale and gravel. The plateaus have a rolling surface, and are thickly timbered with valuable poplar, ash and oak. The township is, on the whole, l)etter s\iited for lumbering than agricultural pu rpo.se.s, Toirnxhip No. IS. — The soil, tiivd)er and surface ai'e simi- lar to those in the last mentioned township, Towmhip No. 19. — Is well wooded with cotton-wood, birch, spruce and willow. The south-westerly part (being the base of the Riding Mountains) is rough and bi-oken, cut up by many sn\all ravines, some of which are from 200 to .'?00 feet in depth. Good water can be had from inany small streams. In the westerly part the soil is very shallow ; more easterly, a sandy .soil prevails. Townsmip No. 20. — The soil is a sandy loam, with a few gravel ridges, and there are many streams of good water. It is well wooded with poplar, cotton- wood, spruce, elm and oak, also willow in abundance. Raxok XVI— Wkst. Tnirnxhip No. 0. — The west and south-west parts of thi.s township are mostly prairie with small clumps of poplar. The remainder consists of sand hills, generally covered with thick bi"u»li. Soil is of a v^ry inferior character. in »1,., Tawiuhips siku»te4. Melt hich HAXMKH WKS* OJ' THK ]ST are rKINdll'AI- MJCIUWAV, B. C. B. A. B. B. /■ / D. # B. A. B. A. B -^- HlmMtlon oi Townshij>«, /o»(W»v;iAo 10. --11ipr,,,ipp,,u's to 1.0 little Hrst-class innd m this township. The wh,)lo oF tho no.-th-oast part i.s compos.,>|l ol sn 1 , ^ 1 liilj.s geTierally covered 1 ,v el m.ips of spnice and poplar. A chain of small la;roons an'• cover.,,! with .leiise taniarac ami spruce, nearly all of which is dead and dry. Fur bearino- animals such as mink, otter, kc, abound in this township, as also moose and er Tou;,,,h;p Xo. I J. -The oreater ],art is i-oUing prairie, with poplar ami oak timber. The soil is sandy and of an interior (piality. There are no streams Tom^hip lYo. 1 2.— The soil is h'rst-clas.s ; the surface roll- ing praine, with much hay land and some swam])s, but no streams. * ' To>rrishl.p iVo. 1-1.-I.S clear i^ollin- prairie with one small blull of .stunted oak ,n the centre. The soil is a rich loam. Ihere are no runninu- streams, but water can beha.h!p ^-0. ]4.--The surface is rolling and the most part ot It clear prairie, except on the western side, where it is very well wooded with small poplar, cherry and willow, none 3 '''T^ ir?-. u'^^r^>-^'"'i'^'"''^- ^^'"^''^^ throug-hont is good. TheAVhit^.Mud lliver ruu.s throuo-h the nm-th-east sections. Tts Avater is excellent, and water can T)e had in any ot the sections by .li.orjrm.a: from three to six feet loicmhlp Xo -10.— U alto-ether unHt for settlem..nt, be- mg composed ot. — Is trading posts [crosses this township well wooded and! watered. The Little Saskatchewan River winding from its northern tt) its southern limit in a lovely valley. There are several beautiful small lakes ; the waters for the most part are good, although some few are alkaline. Also abundance of^ good hay land. The Saskatchewan trail crosses the centre of the township. Toxcniship No. 16. — Ls well adapted for settlement, ^the laud throughout being verj'' fertile and well wooded with pop- lar, willow and hazel. There are nimiurous small lakes''round V.'' ^"h there is good hay land. The little Saskatchewan River flows aci'oss the south-west quarter of the township and presents some good mill sites. ^4 Ranok X^X— West, B. A. B A. B. jS. Toiymhip No. 11. — The s )il is a good dark loam. There is no tindier, brush or scrub in tlie township, nor any surface water, but it can be obtained by sinking iibout ten feet. Town.khip No. 12. — Is prairie with islands of poplar and scrub. T'he soil is a good dark loam. Water is scai'ce, (though there are a few ponds) yet it can be easily obtained by sink- ing about eight feet ; the timber is Uu'ge enough for fencing purposes. Toicimhip No. 13. —The surface is undulating; the .soil good. The timber inferior, and swamps numerous, but small. The Little Saskatchewan River inins in a south-westerly direction across the north-western part of the township. The (iurrent is wvy rapiil : its witlth is about one chain, and dei)th about tiiree feet, and its valley about out mile wide. Toiviuihifj No. 14. — The surface is undulating ; tlie s(»il gooil, al.tout one-thiri] is covered with scrub and a few .small iuimerous. eetion througli tl»e eastern part. It hsus a rapid current, and is well ailapted fur mill sites. The valley of the river is about one mile iu width, enclosed by hills nearly 100 feet high. pojiUir biuijs. Sw.'uiip.s iiiui ,-sijiij.!l alkaline lakea are The Little Saskatchewan (lows in a southerly dir i< it ^ f^ «lMM-»M(fa9«ffl»iJ».-»WBJ58l*WS?««',3j«:«S,-«E: Rtilvitv Brit in wtileh Tawnships are^ situated 98 lUWOia W«M OF TK« IST PRiJfCI7At MKRIDIAN. Location • Township*. B. B.C. C. C. B. A.B. A. B. B. B. Towmkii^No. 15.— The surface, soil and timber are thesanio as the preceding township. There are two alkaline lakes in N-W tw this township. ritory. Totomhip No. 1(>.— The surface of the southern half is un- dulating, tlie soil good, witli fre(iuent small i>oplar bluflfe, lakes and swamps. The Little Saskatchewan liiver crosses the north- ^ erly part. Ite valley is swampy and liable to floods. To the north of the river the land is rough and hillv ; about one-fourth of it is timbered with small poplar. The remainder is covered with thick scrub and fallen timber. The Rapid River runs through the north-east corner. Until it enters the valley of the Little Saskatchewan it flows through a deep, narrow ravine, and has numerous mill sites. Towmhip No. 17.— Is well timbered with i>oplur, white birch, grey willow and a few spruce, averaging from four to fif- teen inches in diameter. The soil is good loam, with a subsoil of ^, clay. There are numerous lakes and muskegs. Whirlpool River flows through the easterly part, attbrding gmd mill siti\s. The water is fresh -and of good quality. Towmhip No. 18. — Is well watered by two large lakes several small ones ; Whirl ])ool River anil a few small M-ater coui-ses, and heavily timbered with jwpltu-, white birch and spruce and larch in the low lands The timber ranges from four to fif- teen mehes in diameter. IMie soil is good, being h)am on top with a yellow clay sub-soil. ; . Ran(jk XX— West. Towmhip No. 11. — The surface is uJululatiug prairie, the soil a rich dark loam. There is no timber of any value, although thei'eare some small ])atches of poplar along the batiks of the " Rapid River, which flows through the township, and affords some gof the northern and bv triKf i^ ^r}r''\- '^^'' -utlMustern partis broken by he Little baskat.^hewan River, which presents many good mill „te., as its current is very rapid, and it has a large suppfv of water. The soil on the banks of the river is verv stony but b the iu>rthem part of the township it is good ^Uvth of poplaTht fbr fuel and building pm-pases. The soil is first-ckss exipt on the hid and dry banks of the Little Saskatchewan Riv(.r' wh I S through thf. easterly part of the township. ""' Jouu,ihip Nj. J 5.— About one-fourth is partial prairie with small scrub willow, .^e., the «ther thn^e-fourths is e te red w large poplar in many places scorch, .1 by fire. There are .c ;• many fresh water lak^s in the northwest quartan- a.ul a Luf Ji clear watered and sandy be.iohestacle to the settlenient of tliis town- ship. The soil is a deep, dry loam, free from stories, and is in eve-ry respect well adapted for agricultural purposes. ToionshipHNofi. 13, 14, lo and lf>.— The soil is princiipuUy a rich, dark clay loam, Avith occasional gravel hills, the summits of which are thickly strewn with boulders. There arc several lakes of good water, and numei-ous islands of timber and underwood. These townships are well adapted for settlement. Raxgk XX V— Wkst. (( • Towmhip No. ri.— is rolling jnairie, brokta by sev.Ta! ravines, from 50 to 100 feet deep. In most of the ravines go(xl ^^^IJ^!"'" water (nui Iw had in ponds. The soil is a dark loam. There are a few islands oi" poplar in the northern part of the township, but the supply is very small. To.:whip No. 1 2.~The surface is rolling, partly pmirie and partly woods. The soil is good. Good water can be obtained any where by digging a little depth. TotimMpft No.H. l-S, 1+ and 15.— The surface is undulating prairie witb small blufts of poplar. The soil is good an(' there are many ponds ; and good frf^sh water may also be ha.l l>y sinking wells. Oak River crosses tbc north-east corner of township No. 14. Towmhip No. 16. — Tlie .soil is a black, .sandy loam, grav- elly in places. The surface is midulating, principally prairie. A. B. yr''>ih numerous .small clumps of brush and islands of poplar. Shoal and Haven Lakes, lie on the westerly part. The water of the.se lakes is good. A road to Riding Mountain House crosses the north-west corner of the township. Ranx(!eediiig live i inches ... cimnioter. [n the valley of the river there aiv ,son.e elm, oak ami poplar, with a few ash, not exceodiufr ,„„, foot in diameter. ,1 he soil in the valley ih a rich loam ; elsewhere it is slatv, with patches of loam. It has a rolliiifr .surface, jiieneiiillv prairie Towmhip jYo 13.~The soil is fair, and the to'wnship lit forN-W Teni settlement,^ l)einj.- watered at ArroM'head lliver and other small *"''>'• streaias. There are numerous hifjjli ^.-lavellv and stonv hills Towmhip No. H.—Th(> surface is undulating jiVairle, the soil good, and a line creek of gmMl water Hows through it. There " ai-e numerous bluffs of .scrub, but not much good timber. Towmhip No. lO.—There is a considerable nuantitv of pop- lar timlx-r and s<^rub in the northern half. The southern half is chiefly jn-airie. The soil i.s dark, .sandv lonm, of good qualitv. A dry i-ayine, about wventy feet deep, lies at the eaatern, and another about eiglity feet deep, in the western part of th«' town- ship. Towmhip No. KJ.—The soil is a dark sandv loam ; the surface undulating, principally })rairie, but having numerous patches of brush, small 8wami)s, and cluin|)s of jwplar and high willoAv. A road to Fort KUice croEses the northern part of the township. Towmhip No. ir.—The greater portion of this township consists of undulating prairie, with small bluffs of poplar and willow, and soil of first (juality, well adapted for settlement. Ihe greater part of secti(ms 3, .10, lo, 21 and west half of 22 are occupied by a deep marsh or morass, with Imd stagnant water, caused by the discharge of a small stream known as Arrow River," which flows through the north-east corner of the township, anti empties itself into the marsh in (]ue.sti(m. There is no building timber, and not enough for fuel in this township, but there is a suflicient quantity for all pur- po.ses m the valley of " Bird l^ail Creek," which flows throno-h the adjoining townships on the M'est. " Towmhip No. 18— Is unrhilating prairie, < of fine (nia- lity, and well adapted for settlement. Home small hay mai-shes and clumps of poplar and willow, >)ut no timber of any eon- sequence. There are tpiite a number of .settlers in the north- west portion of the township in the vicinity of Bird Tail Creek The main trail to Fort Pelly runs through this township from' the south-east to the north-w^est corner. The eastern tier of sections are imich Hooded by the overflow of " Arrow River " B. CI. B. R/iSiiK XXVt— Wkst. Townships No. sjuall |)atdies of willoAv hriisli. Tlie ft'st of the township is iin (kilatinj; prairie. Township lil'tccii is travorsed bv two ravines one ninety and the other lilty feet '-W. T«r Creek ninninj^f througli in n xouth-wi^sti'i-Iy (h'reetioii. The valley of the evec^k is some 2.')() feet Jeep, and three-(pjarters of a mile in width. The valley on west side is oeneially open and stony, hnt on the east slope t^* . ':.".; o'oo, otAvnship art;, an nndn*^ lating prairie, with poplar Muffs, chunps of willow, small ponds and hay marshes. Tlu' land is of good quality and lu^inr-' rapidly settled up. * " Tmrm/iip No. 18. — The eastern tier of sections is much broken by Bird Tail ('reek, which flows throu;;'.- u .i, op v.illev from 100 to 200 feet in depth, in a southerly direction. There is no timber of any value in this township, that on the east .side of Binl Tail Creak being of inferior (p\alitv. Howe\ er. timber may be easily obtained in the forests to the north and flooded down the creek during high water. The soil is rrene- rally of good quality and fit hut three and a hali' miles long, and half a mile wide, in the middle of tJu' township. litory. (( r ,j r A \ < m «jl]><^i{:n West of the 2nd Principal Meridi lan. ik: RANGES WEST OF THE 2nd PRINCIPAL MERIDIAN. ff liANOK XXV— Wjxr. fo«;njrA;> Xo. 46 -TIk- soil i.s gcHul, cveml with ponlar and willow -T { . ' ',*' '^''^ "''^^ ''■*" ''»^'*'' •••'wt'Vf r, todepc-iul for builiJinir timber upon iHlaiifls III tlu!.Sa,skat<'li«waii River. ^^x "pun The townshi,, i« divided into I,)t8 often chains wide, fronting upon the IrMUiaa •! TowMhlft. N-W T«ni t«ry. river. .n.n/''Tt''V^'','*V^'"'*''"^''''^'^^"*' 12 mile^ot'Prince Albert ^^^^^^^ ment and the Sankat^hewan niiis through the nouth-easterlv neetions. fh«. • r ■ '" f ""'; ^^'''' *''"'''^'* '« ^'^^ '^"'^^'^ <"'' f^'"»^^'"6 "nd fuel, and there isliay in abimdan<'e. Tbwn^Atyi Vo -l«._J,s well adaj)twl for settlement, having Ko«id soil and plenty <,t timber fitted for fuel/fencing and building. ^ ^ . lliercare several , settlers with extensive agricultural improvements locatetl u,K.n the right Umk of the North Sa.katehewan lliver. ^ '''^*''"*"** Kange XXVI— West. TowmhiM No. 46.— Is a l)roken town.^liip divided into lots of ten chainj wide frontnig iqwu the South Saskatchewan River. ihe soil 18 of .seeoiul quality thieklv covered with brush. rotvmhip No 40.— The land is goinl at tlie correction line and al.mg the Kiver Saskatchewan, but running east and west through the middle of ^the tx)wnship there is a depression much broken with small alkaline ponds meadows and swanijw ctwered with young timber. ' s ttl ^^*^^ quarter section has sufHcient Avheat land for the sustenance of a Toivmkip No. 47.— Is in (;lose proximity of the Prince Albert settle- ment, making it a desirable location for intended settlers. The soil is a good sandy loam, jK)plar sufficient for fencing, and fuel can be obtained on the north and south branches of the Saskatchewan River. Range XX VII-West. Toimuihip No. 45.— The surface of this township is broken by ridges and knolls. The soil is sandy in the northern .sections and near the River Saskatchewan, which crosses tlic .southern sections, but is rich in a belt of land running east and west through the middle of the township where there are fresh water lakes, ponds, marshes and m«»adowK vlnUli'n.r o>rr.oii..«* v The bank of the river is heavily timbered mth poj)hir and underbrush. TowmhipNo. 46.— This townshij) has a fine southern aspect, slightly undulating, with rich yellow soil. There is scarcely a section without -meadow lands, surrounded by bluffs of young poplar and willows K 74 BANOEH WEST OF THE IhT PBINCIPAL MKBIOUK. A fresh water creek ten or twelve feet wi» m RANGES WEST OF THE 3rd PRINCIPAL MERIDIAN. Range I — West. Location o< Township* , Township No. 45.— The soil is generally yellow smuI, covered witii a N-W. Ter- thin layer of vegetable mould, hut it is clay, covered with fifteen inches of "*°''y- mould, east of the Saskatchewan River, which runs through the south-east- erly sections. The township is well watered with sweet water lakes and creeks. The timber is principally in the easterly sections, poplar from five to fifteen inches diameter, and willow bush, but'in the westerly sections, spruce, tamarac and pitch pine with some j)op]ar and willow brush. Boulders of granite are jjiled up on both banks of the Saskatchewan River. Towmhip No. 46.— The soil is sandy, but in the two easterly tiers " loam covered with four or five inches of mould produces good crops of cereals and hay. The timber is poplar, pitch pine, spruce and tamarac, suitable for buddmg and fencing. Two streams in the north-easterly aiul south-east- erly sections flow into the South Saskatchewan. There are several sett'crs with (,'xcollent agricultural improvements in the ea.sterly part of the township. Tomiship No. 47.— The soil is loai7i with a good covering of " mould in the two east j s i a, lu ^/^^^^''^^ of twenty miles on either side of the railway, adioiuinp- Belt B to be called Belt : ^ .i >-, , 'I'l^l^A^i* ^^ twenty miles on either side of the railway, adioininu' Belt C to be called Belt D : and -^ j f- > i'b% F ^^^^ '^^^'^^^' ^^^^^^ ^^ ^'^^^^^ ^'^^^ *^^*^'^ railway, adjoining Belt D, to be 3- "The even-numbered sections in each township throuohout the several belts above described shall be open for entry as homesteads am! pre-emD^^'ons of 160 acres each respectfully. ^" * t- Ir. 1,™ "P'j od^-n'iraWed sections in each of sucli townehipn shall n«t be onen 'RanTay Land" ''"■'■'"'''"°"' *""* *"" ^ 'P'™"'' '^'"""l »d designate?" :„„ ,.!;, "^'i'' '^^J'^^B^.i"?"!? ^"""" "'" ■'"'™™' '»'*'■' s'l"!' b» sold at the follow- I a •' Tn Mt r'^« m- *' ','*:," ''?"'"■•■' P" "<=" ' '"■ ^"^ B, 84 (four dollar,) i^re n Mt F «Vf "^ i''^ t"""' '""' '"=''^' " '^'''* J^' *2 (two dollars) per *all'loa,folli '°"° 'n'^'^Pf^' .«:re; and the terms of xale of snch lands i^l'ro^SfaU-raS^nri'^^^ G, '• The Pre-emption Lands within the several belts shall be .sold for the prices and on the terms respectively as follows :_In the Belts A, B and C. at •I;; iJin :T.'f" f^^^^^ ""''''' '""^'^^ ^' ^^ ^^2 (two dollars) per v« nf r .' purchase uioney, together with interest on the latter at the of onf.^' ^f ""' P.^^^\^"»;"". to be paid at the end of three years from the date T-f r Z' ^^;f f'^^'^If tob^P'-^^-lin six equal instalments annually from and he nlh? ' '^'' "'^'^^' '''^''''^ *^^ ^^^^ '^'^ •'"^'^^ mentioned on such portions of the purchase money as may remain unpaid, to be paid with each instalment. in th!"sov'!:r J?f if^^K ^f 1 ^^"^^'''''y ^^"^'1^ ^^""^l ^1«" ^ov Pre-emption Lands, with- and ImfnpTof^r'r'TV''^''-^;"''''^ "*' ^'^'^-^^^Ption Lands shall inure to m nevs^iK 1 t"»'^±or railway purposes, in a similar manner to the moneys receiv kI m payinont of Kail way Lands. tries of 'HnrV"T^'''rp'^"'" he retroactive so far as relates to any and all en- tues o Hoinestc^d and Pre-emption Lands, or sales of Railway Lanc:s obtained or made under the Kegulations of the 0th of July, hereby supeiided • any pay S'tl-rchlanSr" ''''"'' '""'^ '-^"' ^'''''' be^crecLd on 'accounHf ,, ^^; ",yi\'' ^/•^l«y-".i-Couneil of the !)th November, LSV7, relatino- to the set- tlement ot the lands in Manitoba whi:h had been previously withdrawn for Raivvay purposes havong been cancelled, all claims of persons Who settled hi^vJoi aith on lands under the said Order-in-Council sliall be dealt with under tCse mr^Tsft'int. ^wr '' i^—^Pt--> according to the belt in which such land" may be s tuate. Where a person may have taken up two quarter-sections under the sa d prder-in-(.buncil, he may retain the quarter-section upon which he his settled, as a Homestead, ami the other quartei'-section as a pJ-e-emption, under hese provisions, irrespective of whether such Homestead and Pre-emption may be found to be upon an eveu-rnuubered se.-tion or otherwise. Any mon.ys paid by such person on account of the lands entered l>y him under the said Order-in- twJ m'ori n n" ''a^^'"^ '" ^"!^^ ^" ^^^f ^'"* •^^' ^^^^ Pre-emption purchase, under t ose p ovisions. A person who i«ay have taken up one quarter-section uider the Order-ui-Couneil mentioned will be allowed to i4tain the same a-s a Home- tead, and will I. ..ernutted to enter a secon.l cpiarter-section as a Prc-emptTon on^Zimf or'.,'i ;;''°"'^t ot the land previously entered to be credited to him on account oi :ucl< ' re-euiption. • J ^" '.' ^^} * J'^^'^^''^ ''** ^^'"^^^ •''^'^^1 ^•*^' «"t)jeet to the following provisions resnect- mg the right of way of the Canadian Pacitic Railway, or Sf^anrGoveinment colonization A'ailway connected therewith, viz:— vxjvcuunent «.;' in the case of the railway crossing land entered as a Hopir^sfpad ^^^'^ 'xlctVi'^ni^^^^^^^ ^^ ^"^^^'i^^d *"or station piir- poses, snail be tree to the Government. h. Where the railway crosses Pre-emptions or Railway lands, entered sub- sequent to the da^ hereof, the Government may take possession of such portion thereot as may be required for right of way or for station grounds or ballast pits, anu the owner shall only be entitled to claim payment for the land so taken, at the same rate per acre as he may have paid the Government for the same. c. In case, on the final location of the railway through lands unsurveyed or siir-yeyed but not entered lor at the time, a person is found in occupation of land Which It may be desirable m the public interest to retain, the Government re- serves the right to take possession of such land, paying the squatter the value of any improvements he may have made thereon. ,•« * ^\ " ^'^^""^ *^ ^".^^^^ -^'^"'^"^ ^fii^n^ from settlement after the date hereof m territory unsurreyed at the time of such settlement, and which may be cm- braced within the limits affected by the abo-.e policy, or by the ext.'nsion thereof L -^Z ""T ^'^'^'^'''''^\ territory, will be ultimately dealt with in accor- dance with the terms prescribed above for the lands in the particular belt in r.h«i? . T"*' T^^"; found to be situate, subject to the operation of sub-section c of section 11 ot these provisions. w«« ^x' " "^^^ ""mm *"' a*"ter the date hereof of unoccupied lands in the Saskatche- 3 t^^T^: ''I •*' ^^"•'^^^^r^'^^as provisional until the railway lin. through that part ot the territories has been located, after wiiich the same will be hnally dis- Hnnln I u ?'*^^^^7^{^«^ ^^tji thcsc provisions, as the same may apply to the par- the operation of sub-section c of section 11 of these provisions. 14. '' With a view to encouraging settlement by cheapening the cost of build- ing n,aterial,thM:i(n™mentresei^ef the ri;.ht to gra^^lSi^J^mu.^^leVeaZ 1 f th^' ^^"'""0" r.nnd. Act, 1870; to cut merchantable timber under Section mi ar,,r lo,. 1 -i i. ^''^^'"'V■, — ' •"•' -'i'--^, J oi ^', u'j cuL jiiercnautaDie timber unoZl « ; f 7 1 '''^l]']'\^t ''^^'"^' ^'^'^^'^ ^'^•='^'^' ^l««cribed, and any settlement timP C ^.a/^^l:^;v> "", the territory covered by such licenses, .hall for the time being be sub)ect to the operation of such licenses. spPtinn;i'7«nfo7''?-T'''""'''^'''^"',^*" ^«"rse,be understood, will rot affect B^Xpany s l!m?"' "^ ^"''" ^^^^^^"^ ''''''' "^ ^^"^^^ « ^^^ 26, Hudson's Bominfo^I aS!" Offif "* n;f '''" "^'^f «^^7 '^'^y be obtained on application at the JJomimon Lands Office, Ottawa, or from the agent of Dominion Lands, Winninec' or from any of the local agents m Manitoba or the Territories. ''"^^n^^h> By order of the Minister of the Interior, >*-' * Lindsay Ktjssell, Svji'veijor General. J. S. DENiNlS, ' Dejmti/ of the Minister of the Interior, .^"^;* r- (^Continued from, page 60.) RANGES WEST OF THE 1st PRINCIPAL MEEIDIAN. Eas«e XV— West. Location ot Township* . E. D. Township No. l.-Is better adapted for .^^^^^J^^^^^^^^^^^ n-W. Tor- M uwna,^ ^ pntirelv composed of prairie land ana ioia,uy =• £lf"Ser.''s:ngtn''e;'l/a».d;.oa,n. Good water ,,m euiily be obtoined ^y d'SK"* ,„„ „sed of prairie land ,.xeept in the vancy »-'^™|,™;t'Je valley of this stream, there " for grazing • townsliip is for the most part undu- ior.n.s/wj> 'Tn' W wherTS^^^ of a very gravelly nature, lating prairie, ihe land wiitre g , j "' g the water in There are numerous Lakes, pon s "^J J^" J^ ,,j^ i^^ and nearly every case ^^f^^^^/^S^f^^lip S din the south so^^^ blutts t^::^tt^lT^^^^ -n generally is of -'"S!lC^^^.-Ti^etwoea.e^^^^^ .. some excellent f.rmmg land | f ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^ ,i,,ost covered U,,rior .luUity - ^ -^S^^i^also in the south-west, with boulders i heie ih a nut fe .j,j j^ .ome timber ^S^^V^t^^al:^Sl!girp.ea. corner, otherwise this township isquite dmvul ot ^J'^^; ^^,^^^ ^^^^ chiefly rolling lown.fp No. ^rfl'^l^'X l-xccs mixed with heavy clay. C. prairie, with a fane rich »^' "'\ '; J j ' t,' .^rth part of the town- The Assinihoine River runs ^^^^^^^^^'^^ ^^V ^ 1 y^l tity of oak ship, and in its vicinity there ^^ ^ \» "^^^^^^^ ^ ,vater in the and spruce tjmbor, -^^>^^ ;;^^:;3;^;^1i;h such as pike, pick- river is fresh and good, ^"^l ;i;>^»"''';'. ;' .„„tored by Oak Creek, erel&c. The sout j^^o U,w^^^^^^^^^ ^._ ,, a stream of good iie^^h waui cu^ .„itable for fencing, also l.l""ty of tind«Mn 0,e uo u^^^^^ m^^^^^ ^^l, ,„,, Toiomhip No. «--ll'-- ""'",„ 'iiv Snfltfor cultivation, " C. hilly with a light «,udy f ' T' ^f h '''l," „f which, though «"'^^;"!',1f:oi;:hle'.rU:l; iumUr. The Assiniboi,,e C. D. w'>'ii^ luueh ottered, is mutable -^i™, Ij^t^nity^s^t;^ Tte remainder of tJie township has a light saady soil. E. £. / D. CD. C. 82 RANGES WEHT OF THE IsT PRINCII-AL MEKtl.IAN. Ranok XVI West. — Locatinn of IWnahipi, C. te,. narrow belte of »4terod oak ti,X U the t^h"? Long River, which flows through tlie t» wnslfl,, T. ? i ^^SJz^^C^-!^ *-- - -lor if ■:: £; t;:'?s^?^jftrr3;j'^ ■;l^tl>;s'.rr '-^ ''"'^■ the ridge brforo mentioned Ld th ake L'" f 'JS.tf ^T" ity, so.l of a fine sandy loam and well nm lied t I ' ." tresh water, and timber i,r fnel and fa cin"" in tl I ' ' """'' small lakes, but all of an alkaline nature ^" ' *^'''' west part and '■ Oak Creek " in the noHh-etr L th ? '""■'" ea« portion of the to,vn8hip there is a , alhln v rf , 'T (chiefly 8pn.ce). suitable for sawn Inn her and St?'' "'"»'""•. t.ty on the banks of the " Sonris lliZ " and" 0,^0"^ T" Rivert;Si^°„ii4:nitfsS;:;.« „i'''^^^'T''r>' ber, ami willow Ind pqflar sc™b iT h "<,'" ,1™ 'Z^;'"- are some lowsami hills covcrcd with - • L 1 1 '""' """" ber, nearly all of which wmdde I :' n' '"f '""' '"I''" '""" «on.th of fhe Assimtine trtd s ft " "e Ist'rrt 'r'";.-"'- Rivers,' which form al „"o, t '^^ff f„;^':;;;"''''V;f ""<^ «"""» and fuel seattere/tllugCte tlns^ ' '"" '""'"« iJiere are a few settles in the township. It \