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Lea diagrammas suivants illustrent la mAthoda. f errata id to It \e pelure. 9on A 13 1 2 3 92X 1 2 3 4 5 6 ^<.. A y i,^ v^ *t-«* yC fi^C'X^ ' THE GAELIC OR CELTIC OF SCOTLAND, HV TIIOS, STRATTON, ORADl-ATE or TIJK LMVEHSITY OF KDINBCUCII. # TORONTO: PRIKTED By HUGH SCOBIE, WELLXNGTON BUllDINOS. 1840. «'.;; ', ^ .'' ; ' i (A v.*. J'my '. *.'idA T)^'^ l.'idA TO THE REV. DR. FORBES, I'ROFESSOR OF HUMANITY IN KING'S COLLEGE AND UNIVERSITY, ABERDEEN, THK FOLLOWING PAGES ARE RESPECTFULLY INSCKIBED RV THE AUTHOR. T>^' S'oT AFFINITY OF THK LATIN TO TIIK i;.\i:i,|( IHi .tuun,l.nn,l \Vo,tcr„ J>l..s .fSnhLl „;:•,:•''"', -''f' '"''"" .MMire. '"" ""'> "' •''" '""a^inge n.,, 1„, n-i^nvA u, u l„.||,.„i, .H:,:.t:-:iI;;i:;!;i;;,;S^,;:;;;i;r.rt;:;s;;V3:i, '"■"'-•■ niod.TM liMitsil„i\,.nMi.ns in Small Hril-Lin ,. Inn. I . !' "' '" '"""■ Nv„ r,.r,, ,|„. n H S, S 1 .1 '''• "'^^ ■"">'■•'-..•..*,, his p,.,.l.,.l.i|.,v .•o..';;:t;a^::r,r;;j;;;\:j:':j;;:::;-;;,';;;'' ,;!!■• »'-.• t.,. „.,,.,. ,..„. -..;.. .1.U, ,i... i.:.,i„ •„,:,. .i^„i.wn;'::;::;:;;:i^f^';';;''■^ !'•'-• 'i -" •■ ■ iMinii.!- ,V,-. liuv,. ilm -:iim,, s„ ,„,r„< .l„.i, ' ; , i:,. ' '•"■ 'V';.. and .loni.sti. ">'"- "I >l- nH.Mn,n,„s an.l riv ,^- " • , ! •7"^"l'""- ; .'""I tl.'.t rh- „„„„. .,1 l'."vn|...i r,„- tl , In,,,, .1-0 (^. i- w, I,-,) r„ 'r^' -„,l,,,..c„...,al,k. .i,.nva,i 'Or. Pan,. .I,.l,„s«„ ,„ „ |.„<.r u, Mr. W,.. |,r„.,„..,n,l-(„r,. I.y l!,.-w,]I V. I^'m.,.-;,l|lM,.,ryo( .M,„-;Wsl,.. honi™ |s:iT - 1' e AH'IM'l V (»!• TIIK LATIN TO THi; dAKl.lL Tin 111 il i|iji>»iiiiri inciitionfil obovii it m-Rntivtil by VaM» Ivcuiiicly ; "Uli lafe-unt U) till! '-'nd, I k 111 Ici ilu- lmll iiciw I'liior ill widt'u rfn uiid rontratt iho two vi"iit>ulnrii'-;— Alii'iio, fiii'ir, iurmidii, wuiidor. Almlii'iKi. If ('ill', urioihor. Aiicdd, tr iiii, i.'ui. Abripiii, li icul). tiinr. Aliiu'tiH, L' ai^lid. Alidicntii'i ^' dt'Ui'lid. Alii^i', t iii'lid. Abnimtio, p ioiil>. ti'nr. Al'-dmiVw, p iiniliuii, like. Absiiiicf, p wnnii, iiftsc. Ac, y Bgui, iiiiJ. Accipici, if do, to; K'll'lii li'l»>'' Accotido, f,' ('luiii, wliilo. Acclnmo, /,' do, to; «iiindli, call. Acclino, p claoii, iiiclino. Accnmmodo, p *\o, to; oo, lo'othor; iiiodb, iimnner. Accri'do, ;r do, to; croid, buliovu. Aocn.'sco, If (TO, ijiirili. Acculio, lii-cumbo, p cul), bend. Accumiiio, p do, to ; CO, togeiliur ; maul, a round object. AcciiKi, (,» cuiiitn, curi!. Actio, actor, actus, p aclid, do. Acc\i30, u ciiis, II cause. Acer, iiccrlius, uccsco, acotuni, } s ffgcuT, sharp. AoidufS, ucriinoriia, acritudo, Ad, p do, to. Addico, p doiudid, dictate. Adnctio, p udid. Addiviud, J,' Did/, God. Addo, if do, to. Ad — an intensive prefix, jP ath, a common inlensivo prefix, very. Adcdo, ^ atli, intcns. ; itii, oat. Adtniior, p do, to; mour, fingor. Admincoo, p ineasg, mix. Admodum, p modli, manner. Adniolior, p maol, a round object. Adinoiiuo, p mein, mind. Adoleo, adolcsco, odoloscelis, p ol, drink. Adoro, adoratio, g do, to; radii, speech. Adrepo, p crub, bend. Advonn, p aduan (obsolete) a stranger. Ailvolo, p ailo, air. Aer, aetliuruus, §■ alhar, air. • On llie Languages of Asia and Europt!, 4to— lioiidon, I8SJH. Ij 'Villi iCfUM i| tioni the II till- fnrlv ilii'(iin<'k, i|>ii'M', V gi'iir, iiliiir|>. Atjriiiiii". iii,'i'r, it iir, (ilmnjli, Aliiu, It I'ili', iiriiilhiT. Aliiiiilni, u (il, lirink. All.ilklo. If mil, very ; luiiulh, mnntiun, prnino. Alum-', iilci, ,' 'il, ilriiiU. Aim, u ti'i'iniiiiitiiin iii'iiilvnrbii al'^ilifyinK tinnnrr, \ ., r\('Mi|iii f',Miliu, cliiiii ex I't'lii giii'l. fit.iilli S^ "Ou", Alliiiiii-i, iiliiiic, ultiH, ullimi, ) .. , . I Allini.l.., iili... ^^ "'"• '"»"' AlllviiliiiM, ^r iiilt, liisli ; nili<, wlml. A — [iiiMitivn |)vi llx, in :,■■ tin' mime. Aiiu'114, iiinoiitiii ir n, |>i'l\. ; iiiriii, tiiiiul. AmiilH, 'j: iiiiiliiiiM, II risri'i lii'iii'o ninny rivciK in lirltaiii rccoivo tho nnmc of Avon. AinnicnIiiH, :; iiinnniii, livi r; cikiI, kiiiuII. Aniiiii;i!niirt, ;if luiiliuin ; fjiii, ln'j,'i'l. Ani'iiii, iiicyiilnn, iiM;;Ui<, iiniioim, !>; iMint; (uImuIdIu^ u yoar. Apprlli), !,' ill), to; liimill. Hiriko. Appiirto, If lio, lo; l)L'ii, ciiiiy. Appriinns, t^ nih, intciH. ; piiumli, fimt. Arntiii, arntor, i,' iir, plongli. Arcit, ari'od, arcanus, t; iiirc, a. sniiill chest. Arcuin, ^' iiiic ; ciml, small. ArduH!*, cr aril, high. Tho f.ntin in borrowing a word from tho Collie, somoiimo* drops initial t ox. i;rat. oideii fiom ? tior, and iniiiul/ as nrij from if foart. Aroo, ardeo, ardor, uiciin, p^ lior, dry. Argontuni, ff airgind, silver. Aroimin, if tior; cunl, small. Anna, ff airm, arms. Arniifer, jj- airni ; Ixnr, carry. Arreetus, nrrigor, if do, lo; ruig, reach. Arripio, /f do, to; rtnib, tear. Ars (..riginally power) tho gen^livo ) ^ „. art-is iH a nioro aneiont lorni,* J ' ' •' Arvali:*, arvum, r ar, plough. Ascribo, ff do, to; sgriobh, write. As — a prolix from ad, Hignifyini; to, c\. grat. aspiro, g do, to. As — a prolix from ex, Hignil'ying out of, ex. grat. asfielln, g as, out of. Atpollo, g-nn, ontof; buaill, strike. Assilio, g do, to ; ailt, high. .\sgidoo, as.-iessor, assiJuilan, if do; suidh, »it. Aspicio, aspCRtus, g beuchd, vision. IKH * Jn^kd's Cieimaniadip Urapruiii; tier InteinJBcltfii iiiirnrlit mid ilfs r<^miM:li«ii volkes, UrcHlait, ^litS...... to AI'FIMIY OF THK LATIN TO THE GAKLIC. I- 1 ! ill Ml ( Aruspox, g athar, sky ; beuchd, viewing. If any one of ihn derivutiona given, prove i» stumbling block to the render's conviction, ho is requested to remember the observation of that great humanist. Lord Monboddo : — " Wo ought not to reject derivations of words from roots in other languages, though tho words do not agree in their consonants any more than in their vowels."* Aspiro, nspiratus, g spreod, incite from a lost Gielic root. Assimilo, assimulo, gdo, to; amhuil, like. Astiluo, asto, g steidhich, establish. Attenuo, g tnna, thin. Attribuo, g treubh, a tribe. Avius, g u, priv. ; llidhe, a way. \?^ \ prefixes from ad, g do, to. The Latin, in borrowing a word from the Celtic, drops initial s, ex. grat. ave from saobh. Ave, p saobh, well. Audio, g cisd, hear. « AvcUo, g peall, skin. Avoco, g a, priv. ; focal, p word from a lost Goilic root. Avolo, g a ; aile, air, wind. Au'{a, g athar, air. Auium, g or, gold. Axilla, g achlais, the axilla. — as, a termination of abstract nouns, > J — as, a common termination of abstract ex. grat. caritas (GwLcairdeas) J nouns. Alilumodi, g eile, another ; modh, manner. Allabens, g allabain, wandering. An, if g an, if. Ast, from at, g ach, but. Albania, the kingdom of Scotland, also a country of Asia, in Goelic^ Albain from g alp, high. Aminius, a river of Arcadia, g amhuin, a river. Albion, the island of Britain, g alp, high. Amanus, a mountain in Syria, g monadh, a hill. Alpes; g alp, high. Armorica, g air, upon ; muir, the sea. Arabriga, a city of Spain, Ara-briga,t g burg, a town. — at, ex. grat. sanitat, sanitas, a termination of ^g-achd, a common termination of abstract nouns derived from adjectives, J absiract nouns. — alio, a termination of nouns, ex. grat. notatio > in g adh, a common termination a notatus past part, of nolo, J ex. grat : — oibreachadli )a noun, Bg olbreachadh >pres. part, iar oibreachadh ) past part. Aventia, Avens, names of rivers, g amhuin a river. Antemna, Antenna, g amhuin. Aes-is, Ath-esis, Aes-arus, Api-usa, Ausar, names of rivers in Italy, g uisge,^ water (hence many rivers in Britain are called Esk.) Anio, a river flowing into the Tiber, g amhuin. Alburnus, a mountuitfj^Lucaniu, g alp, high ; bor, an eminence. — arius, a termination of adjectives, ex. J in g or, froin mhor, great, grat. boariuB, J termination of adjectives Ariminus, a river of Italy, g ard, a height; amhuin, river. a common * Origin and Progress t From Dr. Alexander I From Williams in Trans. Roy of Languaee, Vol. 1, p. 488, edit. Edinb. 1773. • Murray, European Lnngiiages, Vol. 1, p. 157. 'runs. Roy. Soc. Ed. Vol. Xlll. p. 494, 1837 % AFFINITY OF THE LATIN TO THE GAELIC. 11 Albis, a river of Germany, g alp ; uisge, water. Alba longa, Alba from being on the hill Albinus or versa vice, g alp, high. Albula, the ancient name of the Tiber from rising in the \ . hilld, alp; the Appenines, beEilin, Ga?l. for hill, ^S '"V' Augustobriga, a city of Spain, Augusto-briga, g burg,* a hill, a town. Astabri, a tribe in Spain, Asta-bri, g burg." The Latin in borrowing words from the Celtic, sometimes prefixes p as privo fromroub; piscis from iasg; pro from roi ; per fromro; plenus from Ian; change /' into p as porto from beir. Dacca, g boc, any round object. Uuccifcr, g boc ; beir, carry. Buccula, ^ hoc ; caol, small. Baculum, g bacholl, a stafl'. Uacillum, g' bacholl; caol. JBalista, balistarium, g buaill, throw. Baltcus, g bait, a belt. Bambalio, g° baoih, low; bcul, mouth. Baro, g baothair, a fool. Barbarus, g borbarra, wild. Bardus, bardaicus, g bard, a poet. Bat, g- baoth, low. Bcatus, a beo, g bith, existing ; bith, exiatence. Beatulus, g bith ; caol. Bellator, bellax, bcUum, g buaill, strike. Beo, g bith, everlasting. Bestia, g biast, a beast ; it is doubtful whether this Latin word is derived from the Giclic or versa vice. Bestiola, g biast; caol. Blaiide, blaiiidus, g blanda, courteous. Boans, boarite, boo, bos, g bo, ox, cow. Bracca, braccata, g briogais, breeches. Bolus, a throw, g buaill, throw. Bolus, a mass, g ball, a round object. Buccula, g boc, a round object ; caol, small. Bis — many of the compounds of bis are in part of Gaelic origin ex. grat. bidens, biduum, bimaris, biremis, etc. g deud, di, muir, ramh, etc. Bubulus, bubiiln, buceium, g bo, cow. Buccrus, g bo, corn, horn. Bulla, bullo, buUio, g- ball, a round object. Bucolica, bucolicus, g bo, ox; coilleag, dialogue, Batillum, ^ bata, staiT; caol. Bedesis, a river of Italy, Bed-esis, g uisge, water. Britannia, g Breatunn, Britain. Bacchus, from lacchus, g* eigh, a shout. Bis, from the Greek , g da, two. Bicornis, g da ; corn, horn. Biclinium, g da ; claon, incline. Bicorpor, g- da ; corp, a body. Bicubitalis, g Ha; cub, bend. Biennis, g da ; eang (obsolete) a year. Bifer, g da ; heir, carry. Bifroiis, fions a ferendo. g'da; beir. Bimater, g da ; mathair, mother. Bimestris, g da; mios, a mouth. Bivius, g da ; Hidhe, a way. • 1 111 Murruj, op, cit. %.. AFFINITY OF THE LATIN TO TlIF, GAELIC. I If III H . The Latin, in borrowing a word from tiie Celtic, somotimos changes ^ to c as pcrcello, per-cello, from g' buaili. In the corrupt mndorn method Lutin c is pronounced soft before the small vowcU, in the Gn'lic as with tho ancient Iluinuns, it ia always hard. Caballus, g-capull, a iiorse. Calx, calcarius, calculator, calculus, g cailc. Calcndu?, from calo (obsolete) call, g caill, (obsolete) call. Calendio, from the Greek, g glaodh, shout. Calico, callidus, g caill, wisdom. Camelus, g camh-ol, a crooked horse.* Campeslor, campus, g cainip, a camp. To faciliiato reference to any particular word, I follow in general, the alphubeli- cal order which accounts for tho etymological order being nt times violated, as in campcstcr and campus. Camurus, g cam, crooked. Candela, cando, candor, ) „ „ , ., ^ ,. , ' i g cann, wluto. Cnndidntus, canco, y " Candefacio, g cana ; achd, do. Cannabis, g cainb, canvass. Canis, fi'cu; conn; caol, little. Canor, cantator, canto, cantus, inrcainnt, siMicrh. Canus, tr cann, white. Caper, capcratus, capero, g gabhar, a gout. Capcsso, capio, g gabh, take. Capra, caproa, g gabhar, a goat. Caproolus, g gabhar; caoh Capricornus, g gabhar, corn, horn. Captatio, captio, captiaSs, capto, ) g gabh, take ; Captura, captus, ^ gabhla, taken. Career, g carcair, a prison. Caritas, g car, a friend ; cairdeas, friendship. Carpentuni, g carbad, a chariot. Carpo, carpor, carptus, carpus, g crubadh, bending (as of the fingers.) Carptim, ^crubadh; modh, manner. Carrum, carrus, g car, a chariot. Cams, g car, dear. Cascus, caseale, g caise, cheese. Cateia, g gath, a javelin. Catellus, g cu ; caol, little. Caterta, g ccathearne, a multitude, band, &c.; this is the word cateran or freebooter; hence tho name of Loch Katrine, (Sir W. Scott.) Causa, cansor, g cuis, a cause. Causula, g cuis ; caol. Causidicus, g cuis ; deachd, dictate. Cathedra, through the Greek, g cathair, a seat. Celans, celator, celo, g cleidh, conceal. Centum, centurio, g ceud, a hundred. Centumviri, gceud; fir, man. Celeber, g clillf praise ; boir, bear. Cera, ceratus, cereus, g ceir, wax. Cerastes, ceratitis, g corn, a horn. Cerasus, a fcerasunte urbe, g- corn, a horn. Cerdo, g" ceard, a small trader; in Scottish, caird. Charitas, charus, g car, a friend. Chirogtaphium, §• coir (obsolete), the hand; grabh, write. * From the Diction. Scoto-Cellic, 4to. Edinb. 1898. AFFINITY OF THF LATIN TO Till' GAELIC. 13 r;eiiiw, ceiln, ccitamen, ceriio, \ y ceart, right. (.-'erniKi, ccrniuw, C'lioidii, f( cord, a cord. (^Iiorijs, If cor, in\isic. (Jinsfuliiiii, cingo, ciiiotura, ff coallgnl, a girdle. Circuni— many of tlio words with which circum is compoiindcd nro derived from the G;clic. Ciliiara, cilharizo, g ceathnr, u liarp. Cista, ciHteriiii, ff cist, a chest. (.'isliila, siiigli) dimitiiilivo, g cist ; caol. Gistciliilu, double iliiniiiiitivo, i^cist; caol; caol. CistifVr, cisloplionis, §■ cist ; heir, carry. Glades, "• claoidh, niist'ortitnn. C'i-iiii, a cpIo, n- cleiilh, conceal ; inodh, manner. Clamator, claniito, clamor, ff glaodh, call. Clathriis, olathro, lieve, Crypta, g crubadh, bending. Cubans, cubiculum, cubo, cubilo, g cub, bond Cuneo, cuneus, g goinne, a wedge. (funiculus, g goinne ; caol. Cura, curiosus, g curam, care. Curtus, curto, ff goirid, short. Currus, g car, a chariot. Curriculum, g car ; caol. Curvus, curvo, g car, a turn. Cyathus, g cuach, a cup or i|unich> Cynicus, g cu, conn, a dog. Cynodontes, through the Greek, g cu, cdWh ; deud, a Inoili. Cothurnus, g cueiCa)!, a buskin. Culex, g culag, a smalt fly. — culum, a termination of diminutives ) _ ^„, , „„,„ii ex. grat, curriculum, J ° — culum, a termination of adverbs signifying manner, ex. grat. ") g cleidh, conceal ; 13 3 4)3 31 clanculum, clam, fromcelo; celo from g- cleidh ; — am ^ modli, manner; caol, J little; niodh. manner from g modh ; — ul from "■ caol ; — um from g mudh, Catti, g gath, a dart ; cath, battle. Cebenna, a mountain of Gaul, g beann, a hill. Camicae Alpes, g cairn, a heap of stones; alp, high. Cylbiani, mountains of Phrygia, g beann, a hill. Caledonia, in 1839, Gaeltiichd is in common use and is applied to the Highlands of Scotland; Caledonia is from Ga;l-dun, the CtoI of the hills. — Macpherson. Celtte, in g coiilteach, may be derived from coillto, woods, coille, a wood. Claudia, Constantia, > „i„iJi, . „„. „,„». i.„;i„ ^ ^ . ,. is cleidn ; co; stat; bailci Constantinopohs, J* The Latin, in borrowing a word from the Celtic, sometimes changes g' to c as caper from g gabhar. De, of, g de, of. De — negative prefix ex. grat. dearmatus, g dith, di, want of. De — intensive prefix, ex. grat. debello, g dith, utterly. Dator, dato, g' do, do. ' Decem, decimo, decuma, denarius, g deich, ten. Decemviri, g deich ; fir, men, Dedico, g Dia, God ; do, to. Dedoleo, give over grieving, g dith, want; duilich, difficult. Dcdolco, grieve much, g dian and teth, intens. ; duilich, difficult. St 4 h' \ * veu mo, mo, iicr, iro, itia, rio- ■aol, iner i of son. Al'FINITY OF THE f.ATIN TO THE GAELIC 15 f)ili4lili>, pr.iUo IjIkIjIv, <>• tliiiii, warm; lim'ulli, iirnisf. llc'Xtor, ilnxti'rilas, if dens, ri^lit. Dpiii(iuo, ex di', novo ot (jiio, ij do, of; miudli, new. Dpiiiio, If do; nuudli. I)t!l|s, ;f dfiid, a tooth. Dosiiin, g'di, vvuiit; \s mi, I am. lK:iis, ilicutus, (lieu, if Diii, fiod. Uearmnlus mid tin; liillowing compounds nro dorivod niitirely from Girlie roots :— debollo, di'ciiiitc), doooriin, dpceiiio, dccipio, dci'lamo, dcclino, dccollo, de» fortico, di'ciL'tum, dccimibo, di;ffclus, dofuro, dctioio, dogenoro, d(?go, delator, domoiis, drmorjfo, deminu-i, doiiiiior, domolior, domorior, duiiomiiio, dqmsco, dopollo, dcpilutus, (ioporto, dcpnivo, dejiulso, dorcpo, deripio, dcrumpo, de- scribo, di'sidco, d(!:;idia, dosido, dosilio, dospicio, dcstillo, destitiio, dnaultoriug, di'ti'go, di'titUH), (lovius, dovoli), diniiiiiio, diiepo, dirigo, diripio, dirumpo,. deccjilio, dccrosco, dcerro, devolo, dovoiio. Dies, diiim, diurmis, if dia, a day. Divinalio, divinus, f; Dia. Dico, dicax, dictata, g doachd, dictuto. Dictator, diclio, dictum, g deachd. Do, dono, g do, to. Dolco, dolor, g duilich, difficult. Dubius, g da, two ; uidlio, u way. Duo, g da, two. DiSj^many of the compounds of dis uro of Giflic origin. ■ Dum, g an t'am, the time. Diirabilis, duro, g doirbli, hard. Duumvir, g da; fir, men. Decopolis, g doich, ten ; bailc, a town. Divona, name of u river, g amhuin, u liver.* Drueljtia, a. liver of Gaul, hodin Durance, g doir, water. Drun^a, a river of Gaul, hodie Droiiio, g doir (obsolete) water. Drinus, a river falling into the Danube, gdoir. Durius, a river of Spain, hodie Douro, g doir. Druidac, in Gie'lc Drulclheach from darach and doir, the oak. Dryadcs, through the Greek, g darach, doir, the oak. Dunax, a mountain of Thrace, g dun, a hill. '^ g duii, a hill and applied — dunuiii, a common termination of the names of towns 1 totownsus Dunkold, Dun- and places, as Tadinum, I'osidoniuin, Noviodu- f fcrmlinc, etc. nuni, etc. J E — an intiensivp prefix ox. grat. edurus, ?g ath, a common very hard, yii'^nsive prefix. E— from ex, a prefix signifying out, ? „ exemp . qr . edens, J » as, out ot . Ex, g as, out of. Edo, g ith, eat. Eheu, g och, alas. Eblandior and the following compounds are of Ga• bcnnn, a hill. Gi-j^iMM, a riiuiic (if ,\[ioll(i, Ik.mk'i! ilic ) ;;■ grian, the sun, iinmc (.f iln- t.m I, III" Gmiiuum. \ (Highl. Soc's Dict'y.) GInuc'j'i, u' fe'las, girv. GrnliaiiO|iolis, c "ladii; huili-. Mora, -s 'lair. liii:r, iin limir: no Ga-Iic word bcgim wilh h. Uumllis, '4' iMiiliail, iiiimljlo, Hoii, jf iiir, afier ; di, dov. lion T, lini.i'siu-^, !;■ onuii-, iioiior. Hydmphorii, ,? doir (i.b.solelo) wuier; beir, carry. Hjdiiw, hydra, iiyd|-i:i, i^' doir. Hesperus, Hpsprria, IJosppiides, (i- foasgor, evening. Hnle.-iiH, ii liver (if Asia .MiiKir, Ilal-esus, g uisge, water, Hernci, niouiitains in SiriK', g' ard. Injjii. Ilalys, a liver of Asia Minor, ;,' sal, salt. Haeinuina, the iiiouiitain..i;s ci.untry aflorvvards called Thessaly, g monadh, a hill. I (nt)oo), s; uidlio, a uiiy. In — piflix, ex. er. iiicipio, g nnn, in. Iff.—''—- 'in—. '"— . ii-. iiogaiivi-! prefix, fr nnd, a common negative prefix. — im, a leniinmtu.u uf adverbs sigmfyiiig inaiaior ex. gr. carptim, g modli, a manner. Inter, g eadnr, hcfween. Immerao and tlu5 following compounds will bo found under their simple forms derived IromGadic words:— imminiir), iminisceo, immortalis, immoderatus, immodes- tus, impnctus, unpaseo, inipcllo, imporlo, impulsor, inagitalus, inarmis, inardeo, maro, martilieialis, inauro, incandesco, iiicanesco, incunto, incelebris, iiicendianus, mcuntiv.is. incero, inringo, incino, incipio, inclamo, incline, mclu.lo, incolumis, ineommodo, incontinens, inconstan.s incorpoiens, incorrup- tus, iriciebo, ineiodibilis, incubo, imnimbo, incuria, incurvo. indico, indiiro, ineo, inc.pnlo, incimis, itierro, infero, infodio, ingenero, ingigno, inglorius. ingratus, mhonrslus, milium, iunovo, innumerus, insatiabilis, inscribo, in-cdatus insenesco, insideo, insmiulo, insinuo, insisto, inspicio, inspiio, instigo, inslillo insti.iio, insulsus, msi.lto, iasuper, insyncerus, intercipio, intercino, interdudo interdico, inlertodio, inteifor, interlateo, interluco, intermedium, inlerlunium, intcrmiscco, intermcjrior. internidl^co, internus, interpello, intnrrex, imbellis, interrumpo, mterscnbo, intestatus, invado, invius, invoco, inurgeo, inure, irrepo irrumpo. ° ' ' '^ ' Ingcnium, geanchain, brain. Inclytus, g ann, in; cliu, fame. Ignominia, g ana, not ; ainm, name. Illunis, g- ana, not; luan, moon. lUuceo, gana; Icus, light. Iniula, an island, perhaps anciently a small island, g innis, island ; eaol, small. Insh, SCOttlRh. I : I * I 18 AFFINITY OF THF, LATIN TO THF, (iAKLIC. Interim, g eadar, Lotwccn ; am, time. ltitu(Uii.4, cuvcui'd. p mill ; liijli, roof. , Jnti'olin, biiio, ff mill, nut ; lisjli, riiof. Iter (nb po), itio, itiM, q- iiidlic, u wuy. Iiiedi:), ff anil, in; di, dilli, wiiiit. Is, niiiiiu of 11 livir, if ui«;^(\ water. Italia, no culled fruin a'.ioiiiiding in rattle, (see Atil. ) Gell. lib. xi. cap. 1,) (|U(iti'd by Jii^kel, up. >!;• cudoil, cattle, cit) Itulicus, y Intcruniim, ff ciidur, between; nmbuin, u liver. Ilia — a terniiiiiiiiiin of diniiiiniive.s^ex. {rr. tiiaininiljn, "■ raid. — iculus, a termimiiioii n( (UmlAo dirninutivc8,<)|. grot, lusciculus from fuscis, g bhcag and cliuol, from iii; and id. Joccliiis, a siiriianii! of Uacchus I'rum the Grcek'to shout, g eigb, a shout. Jnfra, {>' ana, nut; bar, tup. Lacus, lacuna, lucunii, t,' lucli, a luko. Lamiiiu, g laiin, a swiird. Late, latitudo, latii:*, if breadth. Lateu, latoaco, jf liiidli, iiu. Lau4, laudo, ^ luaiilh, mention, praiao. Lima, limo, g liumh, a file. Literu, g liter, a letter. Lucifer, g leus, light; heir, carry. Leo, gen. leon-is, which is the iiioio ancient form, g leomlioh, a lion. Lingua, anciently (lingua, ligurii), lin^u, g- teanga, u tongue. Luceii, lucidus, lucubniliu, liicu;), lu.\, g leuj, liglit. Lucii9, a grove, a non lucendu, liiceo, g leuu. — Icnius, a termination of adjectives, ex. gr. luculentus, opolentus, g Ian, full. Latium, from lateu, g luidli, lie, Latiiius, Lutini, Lulini, Latialis, from Lntiimi, g luidh. Libanus, a mountain uf Syria, Li-banus, g beunn, a liill. Lepinus, a hill of Italy, g beaiin. Mammii, g mam, a round bill. Mammilla, g mam ; caol, small. Mttledictum, g mallochd, a curse, perhaps this word has been borrowed by the Gaelic from the Latin. Mare, margo, maritinius, marinus, g muir the sea, from mu, around, and tir, land. Mater, maternus, matrona, g mathair, a mother. Me (me), g mi, (I). Medius, medulla, g meadhon, middle. Mel, g mil, honey. Mellifer, g'mil, honey; heir, bear. Mellifico, g' mil; achd. Mens, g mein, the mind. Mensis, nienstruus, g mios, a mdhth. Meo, (ab eo), g uidhe, a way. Merces, mercor, mercenarius, g margadh, trading. Mergo, a mare, ? • ., Mer|us,mersoU^ ■"""•' 'l'^^'^"- Meridies, g meadhon, middle; di, day. Meus, mi, mihi, g mi, I. Miles, g mileadh, a soldier. Mille, g mile, a thousand. Minus, minor, minutus, minuo, minimus, g mean, amall. Misceo, miscellanea, g measg, mix. Mirus, mirabilis, g meur, finger. Mitis, mitigatio, mitesco, g maotli, soft. ^[•FINITY OF Tin: LATIN TO Tfll, GAKLIC. li) ICHg elii MdiIus, muliilu^, iiuwlostus, miKloior, g modh, manner. Mi>l;i, t,' ini'il, [;riiiil. .Moli.vi, iiiiili'^li.i, inoli)r, :;• niiol, a rniinil object. Miini'i), (iiiimm), iiiiiiiiliir, ir mcin, mind. Mm!m, iiiDiitiiiiiH, f! moniidli, ii hill. M(i>, iriiiriilii, a; riuiiili, rTiiiiirior. Monln-t, f( mil-, a liil ; ,?radh, speech. Us, gen. oris, y^ ' i Oraiiuncula, g radh, mean, little; caol, little. Oriens, g ear, tho east. Ovum, g ubh, an egg. Oi — , prefix as in ostcndo, y o* ceann, above, overhead; ceann, head. * from Prof. Alex. Hurray, op, cit. , 't 20 AFFINITY OF THE LATIN TO THE GAELIC. The Latin, in adopting a (iielic word, lometiinet dropi initiul b, ai ovo fiom hundli ; initial /, as orgia frum fuurg. I 'I I ff — nr, ft cnmmnn lorminalion of noun» frijiii four, II man.* Ovo, ovn'io, If liiift'lli, victory. Oi'({iii. ff t'i'iir;;, i'\i-iliMiicrit. Oitrndn, px ic'Mi'u, jf m; Icanri, fruc. — ur, II icriiiiiiiitiiiii ol' iiuiiiis, ex. ^I'ut. iir ilor, OptiUin, If ni'iiil, rijiit. Occiiiiii-'. p iii:,'riinii, llic rloop. 0*n, iiiirni' of II rivrr, n iii<{;i'. wntcr. Oiiriis » livi'r nl' .S.iini iilii, piMli:i|i-> f'nim g dnir, water. Olbi IH, u river of Arciidiii, ff iil|'. Iiigli Tlio Lntin snmrlimps prcfixr* ^ to word' in';cn finm tlie Gwlii", nn pnlor f.om niiiiiir, pliniH IVoin Inn, piivo frmn ri'nb, pro iVum roi, ptr I'roin ro, jiiiici* from iiKy; cljiinjjes It lo p, m porio iVoiu In'ir. riilln, s; pfiili, n sKin. I'liliiiliiin, 11 pasoii, piivi, g bo, a cow. Pni?, if piiiil, a piii-(. Pmli('ui:i, cpiiiii; ciiol, iitllo. Puicii*, pircnio, piiiio, piutiirio, pnt'lun, ii- heir, riirry. Pi'i- — , pi'l — . Q pic'lix, liiroii^li, llMniiiglily, g' troi, lliiou^li. Pi'l' — , a pri'lis, i|iiiroiii;lily. l;' ro, very, Poruccr, iiml iIk' I'lilluw ii a ininpimniU u ill Iip fi)iiiiii iindrr their simple forms, I'loiDllio fiielie: — pi'iii;;'!, perii^ro, peiiinlmi-, pernio, pen'min, pei peiripio, peri'iilo, perduro, peidnle*, peii'iio, peilieio, peifiif^i'o, ppiliK liii'ie.'o, p' riiiix. ]i('i'iiiiMii'i'o, |)eriiruliii, peipello, piii tieipiu, pei>!iUiis, pe peri'i'po, pi'i>ediMi, pei'«('i:lio, pi'r..idii, pcrsislo, pei>piiiiii-i, )iei-li', | jieripiio, perteiido, perlemiis, perliimeiH. perviiia, pervolgo, pervolo, perMili^o, iind inaiiy oilier words beginning wilh per. Pnscn, fiom bos; piisti.r. !f bo, a cow. Pello, q' bimill, strike, drive. Pelliii, pellio, g peiill, skin Piliiin, pilaiius, pilii, jiilutiis, g buaill, strike. Pilii, a ball, g bull, a round object. Pilo, pileus, pilosiis, g peull, skin. Pingo, a fing.-i, ex fiicio, g achd. Piscis, g iasg, a fisb. Plaga, g plaigh, a plague. Plenus, pleniludo, g Ian, full. Poena, poenalis, poeniienlia, g pian, pain. Politicus, through the Greek, g'baile, a town. Porto, g heir, carry, Portus, g port, a harbour, Prse, g' roi, before. PriE — , prefix, g roi, a common prefix. Prae — , intensive prefix, ex; gr. pnecarus, g ro, very. Peregre, quasi per iigros, g troi, through ; ar, plough. Pridie, g roi, before; di, day. Primus, g priomh, first. Primigenius, g priomh, first; gin, beget. Pro, before, g loi, before; Pravus, g; ro, very; baoth, bad. -* From Stewan'g Geelic Grammar, 3d txlit. Edinb. 181!. d'>rivrd l-clrhro, e", per- iriinipo, ei^iilto, pcruro, AFriNll V OK rill', I,AT1N lo THE (iAKI.IC 91 fiQai ouni ivrd liro, per- 'I'", ilto, uin, rrifcitio, utiil ilio I'cillowiiijj ui'(< IVdiii ilii' 'I'ii'lic: — |)nti:i[>i(>, iinrrluclo, prn'conceptui, jirinliu'iK, pni'ilii'd, luji'ii, iiiifCutin, |ini(rii)r, pnrui;,'iiiir, prirliK^no, pni'inuiirit, prii'i'i|iiii, jUii-niiMi, piii'-idi'd, piiisilii), piii^lu, pni-uldi, iini'tcndo. prirteniiis, prii'riiliM, pnii'liiiiiii, prurlinii, prui'it'o, prociilid. pidciiio, prcKico, priHlign, pro- (lii, pjul'iMi), prollcin, p^(P^l iiivK. pioiji'nc'iK, prDriiix^uii.-*, jii()riiiil){i>, piDpolIu, piiipiiilicMi, prdpi'iiiiMldiii, prii|iiil.H(i, pniiipio, piosrrilii., pio^ilio, prunpoctu*, priHto, pioU'gK, piovi'iliiiirn, piovideo, provim, piovulj;", «&c. Proh ! ;' Ml, v.'iy, I'hpi', ff biir {iili5, VHiy; cul, In'liiiid. I'lidiM), a; biiotli, vile. I'liolliif ;' bar, -(Mi; imupI, little. Piiliii, piil'o, 'j; biiiiill, Mttiko. Punici, i," pinn, |iiiiinliiiii'iit. Prom, priir.Mis, llirouali tliii (irrck, ff loi, boforo ; riiit'', run. I'miiHii, imiiio lit' a liviT, I'lid-usii, ^r nisijc, water. — Wiltiamt. I'eriodiH, periiidieiH, A' roi, lii'l'iire; iiidho, way. Priv;), piiviitiis, piiviM, piiviuio, a reiib, It'iir. ilppiive. J'ort, IVom ilie liiveli, in iir.iny iintuiice:* liie (irei^k in adiipiiiig a Celtic word, changos C tl) /(, g COJ, t'llDt. J'ntijjpuH, II iiioiintui'i of Tliraco, Pan-ga-us, sf beniin, a hill. I'nntelicijs, n hill dl' Attica, I'mi-ti^licus, ff hearin. PtMTanthirj, 11 bill of llpiiim, i'er-niiilbir<, 'j; bar, an omitionce. I'ioris, u iiKiiintuin uf .Macednnia, I'ii^-ris, f! bar. Pierus, u miiuiilain of 'I'besniily, Pieiin, v; bar. I'indasii!), a nujuntiiiii of Tions, Piri-dnsiis, if beaiiii. Pindu!*, a bill of 'I'licssaly and Diiiriis, '^ buanii. Pyrgi, a town of Dtruria, if burj;, a town. Pyrgis, ftirtilied plnci! of Kli:4, Pyry-ia, j^' hnrs, a hill, town. I'erga, n town of Painpliylia, ^ burg, u luwu. Por^ainU'f, a city of Mysia, i^ bnrg. Pyrcna'i niontes, p bar, an (Mninenco ; niotiadli, uhill. Pergiigniii, the cituUel of Troy and thcnco appliuJ to Troy it3olf, g burg. 4iia, if c'e, who. Wuadro, (piator, g ceatliar, four. , K riu)i;li, l'ire»\ Rotn, riiiuriiliiii, If null, ii vvln'cl, Ki'i'dici (ux rn tit |mriii, ti-.i.) , t( n ri'*, iiKitin, RiviiH, If I'liiili, I'liii, lliiw. • RiviiliiM, ifi'iiiili; riiol, ill cumpo»i, rlmiil iiiiil pronunnceil ul. Riim|iii, j; rciil), ti'nr, RiitlliH, ruliliiiH, nitili, ;' iiiuidli, rril, Rlii'tiir, tliiiiiixli till' (iiri'U, :; riiilli, itpiH'cll. Uliii, u river nl' Itiiritia, t; iiiitli, Ijuw. Rlii|iliii'i, iiiiiiiiiluiiiA III' Si'viiiiii, K ri'iil), tt'iir. lUiuiiiiH, 11 rivor lit' (icrmiiiiN. Kniii i* \Uii niiiiii' of many rivcm in |lic Tligliiontls* of Srolliuiil ; of (inn iiriir |)iiiiIm>Ii1 ; iiIhii Unit' (nlisultU',) ii inuuntiiiii lurrt'iit. Till' Kiitiii, ill iiilii|itin^ 11 (iii'lic won!, Huiiitiim'ri jii'i'fixt'n j«, im ximilis frum omliuil, stronuus from tiuua; iinterts t uftcr iniliul a, as utillo fruiii bii. Snc'i'urt, fr Biif, a sacli. Sugitta, K Haitflu'uii, an nrruWi Scuviu, ff KHolili, fierce. Sal, K nail, Halt. Solicituin, if 81'ili'iu'li, n willow. Salio, N»lax, Halobra, -lalco, i>ultu!i, v nilt, high. Sat, HuiiH, Hatio, saiiotas, g Rath, taticty. SutiMfacio, g sutli ; aclul. Satisilo, g sath ; do, to. Scariticu, g "gor, a ruvk, achil< Suribo, g Dgriobh, wriio, from agriob, a lino. Seil, ox sodeo*, g siiidli, sit. So, liinisolf, thomsL'lvos, g c^un, hitnsolf. Sl- — , prefix, apart, if i-siin, himaulf. Sccludu, g csaii ; cluidli, uuiicoul. Sojjirego, g osan ; grcigli, a liurd. Sunatus, sonnx, g soan, old. ' Sedatus, sodou, itcdos, scdu, sosior, side, g suidli, git. Snptom, g Bcachd ; seven. Scptemviri, g suachd ; fir, mon. Serra, if searr, a saw. Sox, g" St', six, Siccus, g seac, dry. Siniilis, g amhuil, jiko (from Stewart, op. cit.) Sine, ^ is o neo, it is not. Sinccrus, oy,8inc et cera, g coir, wax. Sistu, situs, Btutio, statim, status, sto, g stcidhich, establish ; stad, stop. Solus, solo, g lous, light. Solstitium, g leus ; stad. Spolio, g peal, skin. Stillo, g sil, a drop. Strenuus, g treun, bold. Spiro, ond the g spreod, incite, are from o lost Grclic root. Speciolis, species, specio, spuctaculum, ^ l i i ' ■ Spectator, specto, spectrum, spuculor. ^3''»oaciiu, vision. Succus, g sugh, juice. Sub — , many of the compounds of sub are of Gaelic origin. Sum, g is mi, I am. Super, supra, superbia, g os barr, above. * Fio» Datclay's Sttjuel to the DiveiBiona of Parley— page 81, Lonilon, 1826, i I VKh'INlTY OK TIlC LATIN TO TUF. flAELIC n III of frum SuiM'rncoomodii, iiml llio liilliiwiiii{ comiiuutiiU, (iro I'liiirply of Oii'lio origin !— in- ui>riiiltl>i, HU[H'rvi)lii, 4iir|it'nnrc'iii|i), itii|ii'rifiiliiii, mi|HtiM, iiU|Hiriuili'culi<, II Ki'iisnl, ryi'. Solmimti, ff Hiiliiin, I'liiiirort. (»Mi — , I'X. K>'<''' Huri'i'tUUH, I, <', i(U[)rarectuit, ^ on bnrr, abnvi>, Scalcii, K HKuilli, vomit. Stu^imni, )f slivlg, u pool. Saliil"', Saliniii, H.iluiii, < !f 9ai, Jiolt. Sulxritirii, Segoliiit-«i ariiynf Spoin, SoRO-brigii, If liurg, utowii. Suvo, SculU'iiim, riunu'n ol' rivi'i'ii, SiMill-t'iina, (f nmlmiii, a riv6f<— 'If »Wm»«II#. Silv'i, througli till' (iioolt, (f cuillc, u word. Si'lciiinuH, u river of \i'lmi,*-Sci-c'iniiu», i,' iinihiiiii, a river. Si.'iiimtm, 11 rivur of (iiiul, Soii-iiiia, K nmhuin.—MacjiLcrsoH. Tuurus, p tarlih, ii bull. TiMiuiH, loniui, ^' tiiiiii, lliiii. Ti'ctiim, U'fio, logii, If loacli ; tifih, Q bor«o. Teimx, ti.iido, loiiuu, tuaor, tomoiio, Uiiitorium, i^toonii tonw Tonua, J" ' Tor, If tri, throo. Torrii, ^ tir, uiirtli ; allied to iho if tior, dry. , Tero, K toirig, wustr. Testor, g luist, a witness, Timeo, litnidu!), /^ lioinii, afraid. Tonitrua, sf lorruiin, thuiidor. Tiirrco, torridus, f,' tior, dry. TraliB, ? tar, across. Xros, g troaa, third ; tri, throo. Trosviri. triumviri, g tri, tlireo; fir, moti. Triungulua, ff tri ; emig, a corner. Trirliliiuni. if tri; cliion, incline. Trido^s, If tri ; (loud, tooth. Trimostris, ff tri ; luios, mouth. Tranacribo, mid thu following compounds, are from the Goelic :^trangdo, tranioo, transforo, trunsfodio, traiisigo, transilio, tranamarinus, tronsmoo, traospectut, iransporto. Trimodia, ff tri; nuidh. Tribus, iribunus), tributio, ff treubh, a tribe. Triromis, ff tri, throo ; ramh, an our. TritU8, tritura, teror, ff teirig, consumo. Tristis, ff tuirsoach, iiitlancholy. Tumor, tumidus, tuber, lumultus, g torn, swell. Tu, tuu9, ff du, thou. Turn, g an I'm, the time. Turrua, ff tur, a tower. Trivium, trivialis, ff tri, three; uidhe, way. Tacitus, taceo, ff tacli, tsilonce. Tyrannus, through tho Greek, ff tighhearn, a lord. Taurus, a mountain of Asiu, g torr, a lull. Taurica, ff torr. Taurinum, ff torr, a hill; beami, a hill; mean, small. Tauromonon, g torr ; monadb, » hill. Ill m Scots. 21 AFFINITY OF THE LATIN TO THE GAELIC. 1 lipodonu!!, IlieodolUM, g ])k\, do. Trimontiuiu, g tri, three ; monadli, hill. Trivia, p; tii ; uidlie. Talnbrica, n city of Spai.,, hodio Taiavcra, Tala-brica, g bur- a town Taburnu., a lull of Campar.ia, g bar, un eminonro. "" loinaru,, a inoutUaiii of Ki.in.s, ^^' ton., a liill; nmv, groat. rridoiituia) Alpos, ir tri; duiid; alp. ^ TaniiP, a fountain of Lydia, y Joir (obsolete,) water larna?, a river of Acpiitania, n- (li)ir. Tarprtis moHs, g- toir, a liill ; bem.n, a hill ; monadh, n hill. Tarsus, a city of Cilicia, on tb(. Uiver Cydnus, «• doir larsuis, a river of Troas, g doir. Tarns, a river of Gaul, »• doir. Taiiri, Taurantes, <>• torr, a hill. Teams, a river of Thrace, g doir. Terins, a liver of Sicily, n- ,iui,.. Taunus, a mountain in (u'rniaiiy, g dun. a hill. Thorsus, a river of Sardinia, g doir. Thornax, a mountain of Aigolis, g torr, a liill. Tomiiniin, a moiinfiiii in IVlopenncsus, g torn, a hill. Trerus. a river in I.atiuin, ■,■• doir. Triton,^tlio name of a river in B.x.tia, of another in Africa, and a name for the Nile, Tritonis, a river of Africa, ff doir. Turias, a river of Spain, g doir. Turrns, a river of Italy, g doir. Tuniljtus, a river of Sarmatia, g doir. Tripolis, acity ofSyria, n-tii; bailo, . Inton the son of Neptune, g doir (obsolete), water. y.a^:^:;^^^zt''' "■■' """""" '"'' """' ^ ^ ''^^^'•'■°" ^'"- Vanus, g faoin, tain. Valens, valetudo, valeo, g fallain, strong. Va- ,-3, vaticinor, g faidh, a prophet v:lE;';t;i::dhf ad,r"'' "'""' ^'""^' ^'"""^' ^ '"'''''' '^ ""^^""s- Vollivolans, g feileadh ; ailc. Verbum, g briathar, a word. S Vesper, g feasgar, evening. Ve— , a prefix, signifying Tittle, ex. grat, vesanus,* g boag, small. Via, viaticum, g uidbe, a way. Viginti, g lichead, twenty. Villum" """fion ^'i no" ' " *"'*""'''°"'^ ""'* outiiouses are in Scotland called a town. Vir, g fear, a man.— Sf^ewar^, op. cit. * Vita, g beatha, life. Virtus, g feart, virtue. Vitium, g baoth, vile. Volans, volito, volo, g sale, air. Voium, voveo, g bold, a vow. Vocabulum. vocalis voco, vox, g focal, a word ; from a lost Galic root. Vocifero, g focal ; beir, carry. Viridis, g feur, grass. * Krom Williams i„ Trans, Roy. Soc. Ed.nb., vol. ;ini, part 1, pngo M ; im. ,: ill! AFFINITY OF THK LATIN TO TIIF, fiAKLlC. S» Scots. Nile, Vidoff, g beachd, vision; t'ttic, see. Vulgus, g boig, tlie bulk. Volvo, ir aill, n turn. Veresis, name of a river, Vor-osis, g uisge, water. Tlie Latin in ndopting a Oii-lio word sometimct drops initial f, at urgeo from foarg, uro from lior Ulna, g nilean, tho elbow. I'lulo, g iolacli, u shoui. — Ilia, a termination of diniinutivos, g caol, in coniposit. pronounced uL UmbilicKs, g iomlag, the navel. — 'nncula, a termination of double diminutives, g mean, mhean, an, gmall ; caol, chad, ol, little, llnnnimus, !;;• aon, one; anani, soul. llnctus, i!" ungodh, anointing. Unda, uiululatus, g onndh: a wave. Unguis, uncus, g loug, a nail. Ungula, g' iong; caol. IJndeceni, g aon ; do ; deicb. — um, a termination of adverbs, signifying ninnner, e%. grat. clanculum, g modh, manner. lUmuB. g aUm, tlic elm. Urgeo, g fearg, anger. Uro, g lior, dry. Uter, g radar, betwixt. I'nus, unitas, g aon, one. Uti, i^'sud, that. IJniqena, g aon ; gin, begot. Unifcorni.i, g aon ; corn, a liorii. aill. From the evidence now given it appears probable tbat the origin of the Latin Idiiguago and of the Roman j)eople was chiefly Celtic, the proof of their German origin ill the wmli of .la^kol being less in amount than what is given in the preceding piijU'i's; almost the only other source to which they can bo attributed, namely, the Gri'ok, fails in providing piinMitage for one half of the Latin tongue, and tho Greek niols (Voin which some liiivc dfrivud the other half, may, for the most part, be shewn to be from the Cdlic. The jiroofs of their Celtic origin would likely be made more numerous by intro- ducing examples from the Irish, AV'elsh, and other branches of Celtic, the instances given being taken from one of the dialects only of that ancient language. I have made similar researches regarding the Greek, and have found in it like- wise considerable resemblance to the Celtic. In retiring from the small stage of this short Essay, it becomes mo to acknow- ledge the external aid of which 1 have made use ; in the Dietionarium Scoto-Celticum compiled by Mr. Mackintosh, Dr. JMackay, of lliinoou, and others, I found a mine of comparative philology, though of some of the cognates I thought the relationship not proven ; Stewart's Gaelic Grammar gives eight or nine etymological references, and Archdeacon Williams has published in tho Trans. Roy. Soc. Ed., two learned and original papers, which I have often quoted. Besides tho application of philological inquiries to speak for the o-igin, descent and alliances of nations, when there is no other evidence in existence, and to prove to infidels, who will not receive the Mosaic testimony, that the whole huma.i race is dsflcended from Adam, grummaliro est ars, neccssaria pucris, Jucunda senibus, dtilcit it AFFINITY OF THE LATIN TO THF. GAELIC. «ecretorum como», et ijuiu vel sola omni siudiuruni gcnere j»lu» ImLet opuii^, quiiin ustcntatiun'u. Ne quia tttiiquutn parva fusiidiat grammatico?* clemenia quiii iiiteriui-u vclut sacri hujus adcuntibus apparubit niulta rerum subtiiitas, quop ii(in modo ucuero ingenia puerilia, sed oxercero altisBimam quoque eruditionem ac scienliam poisit.— Quintilian. Kingston, Upper Canada, July, 1840. : diru'i .-.-'-! .twwif •J; ■it '. I « ir I ■%> (!. /, -li- -ill, . •ill . <■>. :,'i<; .', ■'.';.- ■:•* .i'U.-: • lf.il •; 1 .■-lii'. "1 'ij .'(• ;' .,; Isiiti-^ i;\ . h '•, v( i , ,' l»l ■ , ».!, «Tf » .f ^. '\ I. I . I , I HU»l l l li J | M.n. i iM. t l | W