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Maps, plates, charts, etc., may be filmed at different reduction retios. Those too Isrge to be entirely included In one exposure are filmed beginning in the upper left hend corner, left to right and top to bottom, as many frames as required. The following diagrams illustrate the method: Les certes, planches, tableaux, etc.. peuvent Atre filmte * des taux de reduction diffirents. Lorsque le document est trop grand pour Atre reproduit en un seul cllch*, II est film* d partir de Tangle sup*rieur gauche, de gauche * droite, et de haut en bes, en prenant le nombre d'images n*cessaire. Les diagrammes suivants lllustrent la m*thode. 1 2 3 ! 1 2 3 4 5 6 ] l.t • ; WILHELM H./\UFF r* DAS KALTE HERZ EDITED, TOGETHER WITH SCHILLER'S BALLAD DER GANG NACH DEM EISENHAMMER ,a ^ WITH ENGLISH NOTES, GLOSSARY, AND GRAMMATICAL APPENDIX W. H. VAN DER SMISSEN, M.A. Lectmier on German in University College, Toronto; Editor op "Grimm's Marchbn." TORONTO: THE COPP, CLARK COMPANY, LIMITED, 9 FRONT STREET WEST. 1887. n .i' pr^ 9.9^.^5^0- .:„.r.-VK Entered acnordin;>^to the Act of rar!iaiueiit of Canada, in the year one thousand eight hundred and eighty -seven, by Tiih Copp, Clahic Company, Limitrd, in the Office of the Minister of Agriculture. • . * r- PREFACE. Hauff's tale '• Das Kalte Herz," perhaps the most delightful of all his tales, forms, together with Schil- ler's ballad, " Der Gang nach dem Eisenhammer," the work prescribed by the University of Toronto for Junior Matriculation for the years 1887 and 1889. Encouraged by the success which has attended the issue of Grimm's Tales, the present editor pre- sents this little tale in an edition in which the same principles are followed out which guided him in his previous work. The many kindly notices of the latter from teachers of German, not only in the Province of Ontario, but from all parts of the United States, is a proof, peculiarly grateful to an editor whose chief object has been the advancement of the study of the German language, that work has only to be thorough to be appreciated, and this appreciation is dear to him, however humble may be the par- ticular work which he has chosen. Nowhere are sound scholarship and minute accuracy more neces- sary than in a work destined for the hands of elemen- tary pupils ; and nowhere, it might almost be added, has such work been more rare hitherto in German school-books, at least on this continent. 81675 f-\ IV PRRFACE. \ The orthography adopted in the former work has been adhered to in the present one, the h being uni- formly rejected after t. The Latin characters, having been so generally welcomed, have also been retained. The special features of the Notes and Glossary, in respect to accentuation and fulness of grammatical information, have also been retained, and even ex- tended. With respect to the former point, much greater accuracy has been attained in the present work than in the former, in spite of the very great typographical difficulties which presented themselves. These have been successfully surmounted by the ex- ceptional skill of the printer, to whom it is but due that this slight acknowledgment of his ability and fidelity should be made. For pupils and teachers who have already used the former work, it is hoped that the questions (chiefly on construction) which we from time to time suggested, will prove acceptable. Occasional use has been made of Schlottmann's edition of *'Das Wirtshaus im Spessart," from which this tale is taken; but due acknowledgment is made in each case. To Mr. W. H. Fraser, B.A., of Upper Canada College, the editor's thanks are due for assistance in reading the proofs of the Glossary, and for many valuable hints. University College, Toronto, ^ August, 1886. \ . ^'l ■ • r^. \: EXPLANATION OF ABBREVIATIONS, ETC. Letters or syllables in ( ) may be omitted ; words in [ ] do not occur in the text ; grammatical and other remarks in [ ] contain information for the teacher or more advanced pupil (such as derivations, syno- nymes, etc.). A dash indicates that the word in question is to be supplied, as : Blume, pl.-n, means that the pi. of this word is Blumen; Diener, pi. — , means that the pi. is the same as the sing. The principal accent in a word is indicated by the acute accent ( ' ) ; the secondary by the grave C). When the word is repeated, the first letter only is given; thus, under anhaben, etwas a. = etwas anhaben. In the case of strong verbs, the principal parts are given in the fol- lowing order: impf. indie, past part., second sing, imper., second sing. pres. ind. ; the last two being given only when the radical vowel is changed. When other parts are given, they are named; for special reasons, the third sing. pres. ind, is sometimes also added. Verbs marked tr. (transitive) and intr. (intransitive) are conjugated viih haben ; verbs marked n. (neuter) with sein ; verbs marked tr. and rcfl. occur in both forms ; those marked tr. refl. in refl. form only, with pron. in ace. ; when the refl. pron. is in the diat., it is usually so stated, or the verb is marked intr. refl. ace, accusative. adj., adjective, adjectives, adjec- tival, adv., adverb, adverbial, adverbially. afBrm., aflirmative. Amer., American, Americanism, antec, antecedent. App., Appendix, appell., appellative, appos., apposition, art., article, attrib., attributive, aux., auxil., auxiliary, cap., capital (letter). \ VI EXPLANATION OF AHBKKVIATIONS, ETC. card., cardinal. cau8., causative. coll., collective. collocj., colloquial. comm., common. conip., compound, compounded, composition, compare. compd., compound. compar., comparative, comparison. compos., composition. conj., conjunction, conjugate. conn., connected, connection. cons., consonant. constr., construction. contr., contracted, contraction. coord., coordinate, coordinative. dat., dative. decl., declined, declinable, declen- sion. def. , definite. demonstr., demonstrative. dep., dependent. der., derived, derivative. deriv., derivative.' dial., dialectic. dim., dimin., diminutive. dir., direct. dist., distinguish, distinguished, distinct. Eng., Engl., English. ^.^., for example. esp., especially. exc, except, exception. f., fern., feminine. fig., figuratively. foil., following, followed. for., foreign. fr., from. Fr., French. fract., fractional. freq., frequentative, frequently. • fut., future. gen., genitive. Germ., German. Gloss., Glossary. gov., governs, governing, governed. /. e., that is. imp., impf., imperfect, imper., imperati^'- impers., imperi>uuui. V ind., indie, indicative. indecl., indeclinable. indef., indefinite. inaep., independent indir., ir^'irect. . ' ), inf., infinitive. insep., inseparable. instr., instrument. int., interj., interjection. intern, interrog., interrogative. introd., introducing, introduced, in- troduction. intr., intrans., intransitive. V irre^., irregular. 1., hne. Lat., Latin. lit, literal, literally. m., masc, masculine. metaphor., metaphorically, figura- tively. M. H. G., Middle High German. mult., multiplicative. n., neut., neuter. narr., narrative. neg., negative. num., numeral, number. obj., object. obs., observe. , oppos., opposition. ord., ordinal. orig., originally. p., page. part., particle, participle. partic, participial. pass., passive. perf., perfect. pers., person, personal. pi., plur., plural. plup., plupf., pluperfect. poss., possessive. prec, preceding. ijred., predicate, predicative. pref., prefix. prep., preposition. pres., present. princ, principal. pron., pronoun, pronominal ; pro- nounce, pronunciation. pronom., pronominal. prop., proper, properly. EXPLANATION OF AliliKKVIATIONS, ETC. Vll recipr., reciprocal. rcfl., rcHexive. rel., relative, relates, relating. s., subst., substantive. .Sch., Schiller's Hallad. Schl., Schlottmann's edition. sent., sentence. Sep., separable. sing., singular. str., strong (of verbs, etc.). subj., subiect. subj., subjunc, subjunctive. subord., subordinate, subordina- tive. subst., substantive, substantives, sup., supihe. super!., superlative. !; syll., syllable. syn., synonyme, synonymcs. \ term., termination, terminations, tranal., translate, translated, trans- lation. • trans., transitive, undecl., undeclined. untransl., untranslated, v., verb, var., variative. viz., namely, vow., vowel, vulg., vulgar, vulgarly, w., weak. =, equal, equivalent to. f t K r^N •'/ WILHELM HAUFF, DAS KALTE HERZ. Wer durch Schwaben reist, der sollte nie ver- gessen, auch ein wenig in den Schwarzwald hinein- zuschauen ; nicht der Baume wegen, obgleich man nicht iiberall solch* unermessliche Menge herrlich aufgeschossener Tannen findet, sondern wegen der s Leute, die sich von den andern Menschen rings umber merkwiirdig unterscheiden. Sie sind groszer als gewohnliche Menschen, breitschultrig, von star- ken Gliedern, und es ist, als ob der starkende Duft, der Morgens durch die Tannen stromt, ihnen von lo Jugend auf einen freieren Atem, ein klareres Auge und einen festeren, wenn auch rauheren Mut, als den Bewohnern der Stromtaler und Ebenen ge- geben hatte. Und nicht nur durch Haltung und Wuchs, auch durch ihre Sitten und Trachten son- 15 dern sie sich von den Leuten, die ausserhalb des Waldes wohnen, strerig ab. Am schonsten kleiden sich die Bewohner des badischen Schwarzwaldes ; die Manner lassen den Bart wachsen, wie er von Natur dem Mann urn's Kinn gegeben ist, ihre 20 schwarzen Wammser, ihre ungeheuren, enggefal- C WILHELM HAUFF. r ' V. 1 teten Pluderhosen, ihre roten Striimpfe und die spitzen Hiite, von einer weiten Scheibe umgeben, verleihen ihnen etwas Fremdartiges, aber etwas Ernstes, Ehrwurdiges. Dort beschaftigen sich die 5 Leute gewohnlich mit Glasmachen ; auch ver- fertigen sie Uhren und tragen sie in der halben Welt umber. Auf der andern Seite des Waldes wohnt ein Teil desselben Stammes, aber ihre Arbeiten haben lo ihnen andere Sitten und Gewohnheiten gegeben, als den Glasmachern. Sie handeln mit ihrem Wald ; sie fallen und behauen ihre Tannen, floszen sie durch die Nagold in den Neckar, und von dem obern Neckar den Rhein hinab, bis weit hinein 15 nach Holland, und am Meer kennt man die Schwarzwalder und ihre langen Flosze ; sie halten an jeder Stadt, die am Strom liegt, an, und erwar- ten stolz, ob man ihnen Balken und Bretter ab- kaufen werde ; ihre starksten und langsten Balken 20 aber verhandeln sie um schweres Geld an die Myn- heers, welche Schiffe daraus bauen. Diese Men- schen nun sind an ein rauhes, wanderndes Leben gewohnt. Ihre Freude ist, auf ihrem Holz die Strome hinabzufahren, ihr Leid, am Ufer wieder 25 heraufzuwandeln. Darum ist auch ihr Prachtanzug so verschieden von dem der Glasmanner im andern Teil des Schwarzwaldes. Sie tragen Wammser von dunkler Leinwand, einen handbreiten griinen Hosentrager iiber die breite Brust, Beinkleider von 30 schwarzem Leder, aus deren Tasche ein Zollstab von Messing wie ein Ehrenzeichen hervorschaut ; I-, DAS KAL TE HERZ. 3 • ihr Stolz und ihre Freude aber sind ihre Stiefeln, die groszten wahrscheinlich, welche auf irgend einem.v Teil der Erde Mode sind ; denn sie konnen zwei ' Spannen weit iiber das Knie hinaufgezogen werden, und die Flozer konnen damit in drei Schuh tiefem 5 Wasser umherwandeln, ohne sich die Fiisze nass - zu machen, Noch vor kurzer Zeit glaubten die Bewohner dieses Waldes an Waldgeister, und erst in neuerer Zeit hat man ihnen diesen torichten Aberglauben lo benehmen konnen. Sonderbar ist es aber, dass auch die Waldgeister, die der Sage nach im Schwarzwalde hausen, in diese verschiedenen Trachten sich geteilt haben. So hat man ver- sichert, dass das Glasmannlein, ein gutes Geist- 15 chen von vierthalb Fusz Hohe, sich nie anders ^ zeige, als in einem spitzen Hiitlein mit groszem * Rand, mit Wamms und Pluderhoschen und roten Striimpfchen. Der Hollander Michel aber, der auf der andern Seite des Waldes umgeht, soil ein 20 riesengroszer, breitschultriger Kerl in der Klei- dung der Flozer sein, und Mehrere, die ihn ge- sehen haben, wollen versichern, dass sie die Kal- ber nicht aus ihrem Beutel bezahlen mochten, deren Felle man zu seinen Stiefeln brauchen 25 wiirde. " So grosz, dass ein gewohnlicher Mann bis an den Hals hineinstehen konnte," sagten sie, und wollten nichts iibertrieben haben. Mit diesen Waldgeistern soil einmal ein junger Schwarzwalder eine sonderbare Geschichte gehabt 30 haben, die ich erzahlen will. Es lebte namlich im i\ TT^ WILHELM HAUFF. r I k I I 1 1 Schwarzwald eine Witt we, Frau Barbara Munkin ; ihr Gatte war Kohlenbrenner gewesen, unci nach seinem Tod hielt sie ihren sechzehnjahrigen Kna- ben nach und nach zu dem Geschaft an. Der 5 junge Peter Munk, ein schlauer Bursche, Hess es sich gefallen, well er es bei seinem Vater auch nicht anders gesehen hatte, die ganze Woche iiber am rauchenden Meiler zu sitzen, oder schwarz und beruszt und den Leuten ein Abscheu hinab in die lo Stadte zu fahren und seine Kohlen zu verkaufen. Aber ein Kohler hat viel Zeit zum Nachdenken iiber sich und Andere, und wenn Peter Munk an seinem Meiler sasz, stimmten die dunkeln Baume unher und die tiefe Waldesstille sein Herz zu 15 Tranen und unbewusster Sehnsucht. Es be- triibte ihn etwas, es argerte ihn etwas, er wusste nicht recht was. Endlich merkte er sich ab, was ihn argerte, und das war — sein Stand. "Ein schwarzer, einsamer Kohlenbrenner ! " sagte er 20 sich ; " es ist ein elend Leben. Wie angesehen sind die Glasmanner, die Uhrmacher, selb'st die Musikanten am Sonntag Abends ! Und wenn Peter Munk, rein gewaschen und geputzt, in des Vaters Ehrenwamms mit silbernen Knopfen und 25 mit nagelneuen roten Striimpfen erscheint, und wenn dann Einer hinter mir hergeht und denkt : wer ist w^hl der schlanke Bursche ? und lobt bei sich die Striimpfe und meinen stattlichen Gang, — sieh, wenn er voriibergeht und schaut sich um, 30 sagt er gewiss : * ach, es ist nur der Kohlenintmk- peter,* . * » .'in y.V.S" KAL TE HERZ. Auch die Floz^ auf der andern Seite waren ein Gegenstand seines Neides. Wenn diese Wald- riesen heriiberkamen, mit stattlichen Kleidern, und an Knopfen, Schnallen und Ketten einen halben Centner Silber auf dem Leib trugen, wenn 5 sie mit ausgespreizten Beinen und vornehmen Ge- sichtern dem Tanz zuschauten, hollandisch fluch- ten, und wie die vornehmsten Mynheers aus ellen- langen kolnischen Pfeifen rauchten, da stellte er sich als das vollendetste Bild eines gliicklichen 10 Menschen solch* einen Flozer vor. Und wenn diese Gliicklichen dann erst in die Taschen fuhren, ganze Hande voll groszer Taler herauslangten und um Sechsbatzner wiirfelten, fiinf Gulden hin, zehn her, so wollten ihm die Sinne vergehen, und er 15 schlich triibselig nach seiner Hiitte; denn an manchem Feiertagabend hatte er den einen oder den andern dieser Holzherren mehr verspielen sehen, als der arme Vater Munk in einem Jahr verdiente. Es waren vorzuglich drei dieser Man- 20 ner, von welchen er nicht wusste, welchen er am meisten bewundern sollte. Der Eine war ein dicker, groszer Mann mit rotem Gesicht, und gait fiir den reichsten Mann in der Runde. Man hiess ihn den dicken Ezechiel. Er reiste alle Jahre 25 zweimal mit Bauholz nach Amsterdam und hatte das Gliick, es immer um so viel teurer als Andere zu verkaufen, dass er, wenn die Uebrigen zu Fusz heimgiengen, stattlich herauffahren konnte. Der Andere war der langste und magerste Mensch im 30 ganzen Wald, man nannte ihn den langen Schlur- ,ir WILHELM HAUFF. r \ ker, und diesen beneidete Munk wegen seiner aus- nehmenden Kuhnheit ; er widersprach den ange- sehensten Leuten, brauchte, wenn man noch so ge- drangt im Wirtshaus sasz, mehr Platz, als vier der 5 dicksten, denn er stiitzte entweder beide Ellbogen auf den Tisch, oder zog eines seiner langen Beine zu sich auf die Bank, und doch wagte ihm Keiner zu widersprechen, denn er hatte unmenschlich viel Geld. Der Dritte aber war ein schoner, junger lo Mann, der am besten tanzte weit und breit, und daber den Namen Tanzbodenkonig hatte. Er war ein armer Mensch gewesen und hatte bei einem Holzherrn als Knecht gedient ; da wurde er auf einmal steinreich ; die Einen sagten, er habe unter 15 einer alteA Tanne einen Topf vol! Geld gefunden, die Andern behaupteten, er habe unweit Bingen im Rhein mit der Stechstange. womit die Flozer zuweilen nach den Fischen stechen, einen Pack mit Goldstiicken heraufgefischt, und der Pack ge- 20 hore zu dem groszen. Nibelungenhort, der dort ver- . graben liegt ; kurz, er war auf einmal reich ge- worden und wurde von Jung und Alt angesehen wie ein Prinz. An diese drei Manner dachte Kohlenmunkpeter 25 oft, wenn er einsam im Tannenwald sasz. Zwar batten alle Drei einen Hauptfehler, der sie bei den Leuten ve^hasst machte, es war dies ihr unmensch- licher Geiz, ihre Gefiihllosigkeit gegen S^huldner und Arme, denn die Schwarzwalder sind ein gut- 30 miitiges Volklein ; aber man weiss, wie es mit solchen Dingen geht ; waren sie auch wegen ihres DAS KAL TR HERZ. ner aus- Geizes verhasst, so standen sie doch wegen ihres Geldes in Ansehen ; denn wer konnte Taler weg- werfen, wie sie, als ob man das Geld von den Tan- nen schiittelte? "So geht es nicht mehr weiter," sagte Peter 5 eines Tages schmerzlich betriibt zu sich ; denn Tags zuvor war Feiertag gewesen und alles Volk in der Schenke ; " wenn ich nicht bald auf den griinen Zweig komme, so tu' ich mir etwas zu Leid' ; war* ich doch nur so angesehen und reich, 10 wie der dicke Ezechiel, oder so kuhn und so ge- waltig, wie der lange Schlurker, oder so beruhmt, und konnte den Musikanten Taler statt Kreuzer zuwerfen, wie der Tanzbodenkonig ! Wo nur der Bursche das Geld her hat? " Allerlei Mittel gieng 15 er durch, wie man sich Geld erwerben konne, aber keines woUte ihm gefallen ; endlich fielen ihm auch die Sagen von Leuten bei, die vor alten Zeiten durch den Hollander Michel und durch das Glasmannlein reich geworden waren. So lange 20 sein Vater noch lebte, kamen oft andere arme Leute zum Besuch, und da wurde lang und breit von reichen Menschen gesprochen und wie sie reich geworden ; da spielte nun oft das Glasmann- lein eine Rolle ; ja, wenn er recht nachsann, konnte 25 er sich beinahe noch des Versleins erinnern, das man am Tannenbiihl in der Mitte des Waldes sprechen musste, wenn es erscheinen sollte. Es fieng an : Schatzhauser im griinen Tannenwald, Bist schon viel bundert Jahre alt, Dir gehort all' Land, wo Tannen stehn — 30 TjWWUW gl 8 /• ' WILHRLM HAUFF, ■V i Aber er mochte sein Gedachtnis anstrengen, wie er wollte, weiter konnte er sich keines Verses mehr entsinnen. Er dachte oft, ob er nicht diesen Oder jenen alten Mann fragen sollte, wie das 5 Spruchlein heisse ; aber immer hielt ihn eine ge- wisse Scheu, seine Gedanken zu verraten, ab, auch schloss er, es miisse die Sage vom Glasmannlein nicht sehr bekannt sein und den Spruch miissten nur Wenige wissen, denn es gab nicht viele reiche lo Leute im Wald, und — warum hatten denn nicht sein Vater und die andern armen Leute ihr Gliick versucht ? Er brachte endlich einmal seine Mutter auf das Mannlein zu sprechen, und diese erzahlte ihm, was er schon wusste, kannte auch nur noch 15 die erste' Zeile von dem Spruch und sagte ihm endlich, nur Leuten, die an einem Sonntag zwi- schen elf und zwei Uhr geboren seien, zeige sich das Geistchen. Er selbst wiirde wohl dazu passen, wenn er nur das Spriichlein wusste, denn er sei 20 Sonntag Mittags zwolf Uhr geboren. Als dies der Kohlenmunkpeter horte, war er vor Freude und vor Begierde, dies Abenteuer zu unternehmen, beinahe ausser sich. Es schien ihm hinlanglich, einen Teil des Spriichleins zu wissen 25 und am Sonntag geboren zu sein, und Glasmann- lein musste sich ihm zeigen. Als er daher eines Tages seine Kohlen verkauft hatte, zundete er keinen neuen Meiler an, sondern zog seines Vaters Staatswamms und neue rote Striimpfe an, setzte 30 den Sonntagshut auf, fasste seinen fUnf Fusz hohen Schwarzdornstock in die Hand und nahm ,.(. DAS KAL TF. HERZ. 9 von dcr Mutter Abschicd : " Ich muss auf's Amt in die Stadt, denn wir werden bald spielen mussen, wer Soldat wird, und da will ich dem Amtmann nur noch einmal einscharfen, dass ihr Wittwe seid, und ich euer einziger Sohn." Die Mutter lobte 5 seinen Entschluss, er aber machte sich auf nach dem Tannenbiihl. Der Tannenbiihl liegt auf der hochsten Hohe des Schwarzwaldes und auf zwei Stunden im Umkreis stand damals kein Dorf, ja nicht einmal eine Hiitte, denn die aberglaubischen 10 Leute meinten, es sei dort unsicher. Man schlug auch, so hoch und prachtvoll dort die Tannen standen, ungern Holz in jenem Revier, denn oft waren den Holzhauern, wenn sie dort arbeiteten, die Axte vom Stiel gesprungen und in den Fusz 15 gefahren, oder die Baume waren schnell umge- sturzt und hatten die Manner mit umgerissen und beschadigt oder gar getotet ; auch hatte man die schonsten Baume von dorther nur zu Brennholz brauchen konnen, denn die Flossherren nahmen 20 nie einen Stamm aus dem Tannenbiihl unter ein Floss auf, weil die Sage gieng, dass Mann und Holz verunglucke, wenn ein Tannenbiihler mit im Wasser sei. Daher kam es, dass im Tannenbuhl die Baume so dicht und so hoch standen, dass es 25 am hellen Tag beinahe Nacht war, und Peter Munk • wurde es ganz schaurig dort zu Mut ; denn er horte keine Stimme, keinen Tritt als den seinigen, keine Axt ; selbst die Vogel schienen diese dichte Tannennacht zu vermeiden. -30 Kohlenmunkpeter hatte jetzt den hochsten r i Sjes*" lill lO wrr.mu.M iiaufk r ' \ Punkt des Tannenbiihls erreicht unci stand vor einer Tanne von ungeheurem Umfang, um die cin hollandischer Schiffsherr an Ort und Stelle viele hundert Gulden gegeben hatte. " Hier," dachte 5 er, "wird wohl der Schatzhauser wohnen," zog seinen groszen Sonntagshut, machte vor dem Baum eine tiefe Verbeugung, rausperte sich und sprach mit zitternder Stimme : " Wiinsche gluckseligen Abend, Herr Glasmann." Aber es erfolgte keine lo Antwort, und Alles umber war so still wie zuvor. '* Vielleicbt muss ich doch das Verslein sprechen," dachte er weiter und murmelte : 15 Schatzhauser im griinen Tannenwald, Bist schon viel hundert Jahre alt, Dir gehort all' Land, wo Tannen stehn — Indem er diese Worte sprach, sah er zu seinem groszen Schrecken eine ganz kleine, sonderbare Gestalt hinter der dicken Tanne hervorschauen ; es war ihm, als babe er das Glasmannlein gesehen, 20 wie man es beschrieben, das schwarze Wamms- chen, die roten Striimpfchen, das Hiitchen, Alles war so ; selbst das blasse, aber feine und kluge Gesichtchen, wovon man erzahlte, glaubte er ge- sehen zu haben. Aber ach, so schnell es hervor- 25 geschaut hatte, das Glasmannlein, so schnell war es auch wieder verschwunden ! " Herr Glasmann," rief nach einigem Zogern Peter Munk, " seid so gUtig und haltet mich nicht fiir'n Narren. — Herr Glasmann, wenn ihr meint, ich babe euch nicht 30 gesehen, so tauschet ihr euch sehr, ich sah euch wohl hinter dem Baum hervorgucken." — Immer DAS KAI. TR HEKZ. I I keinc Antwort, nur zuweilen glaubte er cin Iciscs, heiseres Kichern hinter dem Baum zii vernehmen. Endlich iiberwand seine Ungeduld die Furcht, die ihn bis jetzt noch abgehalten hatte. " Warte, du kleiner Bursche," rief er, "dich will ich bald 5 haben," sprang mit einem Satz hinter die Tanne, aber da war kein Schatzhauser im griinen Tannen- wald, und nur ein kleines zierliches Eichhornchen jagte an dem Baum hinauf. Peter Munk schiittelte den Kopf ; er sah ein, 10 dass er die Beschworung bis auf einen gewissen Grad gebracht habe, und dass ihm vielleicht nur noch ein Reim zu dem Spriichlein fehle, so konne er das Glasmannlein hervorlocken ; aber er sann hin, er sann her, und fand nichts. Das Eichhorn- 15 chen zeigte sich an den untersten Asten der Tanne und schien ihn aufzumuntern oder zu ver- spotten. Es putzte sich, es rollte den schonen Schweif, es schaute ihn mit klugen Augen an, aber endlich fiirchtete er sich doch beinahe, mit 20 diesem Tier allein zu sein : denn bald schien das Eichhornchen einen Menschenkopf zu haben und einen dreispitzigen Hut zu tragen, bald war es ganz wie ein anderes Eichhornchen und hatte nur an den Hinterfiiszen rote Striimpfe und schwarze 25 Schuhe. Kurz, es war ein lustiges Tier, aber den- noch graute Kohlenpeter, denn er meinte, es gehe nicht mit rechten Dingen zu. Mit schnelleren Schritten, als er gekommen war, zog Peter wieder ab. Das Dunkel des Tannenwaldes schien immer 30 schwarzer zu werden, die Baume standen immer i ^•w a il 13 /• i WII.mj.M r/AVFR \ (lichtcr, und ihn fieng an so zu graucn, class cr im Trah davon jagtc, und erst, als er in der Feme Hunde bellen horte und bald darauf zwischen den Baumen den Rauch einer Hiitte erblickte, wurde 5 er wieder ruhiger. Aber als er naher kam und die Tracht der Leute in der Hiitte erblickte, fand er, dass er aus Angst gerade die entgegengesetzte Richtung genommen und statt zu den Glasleuten zu den Flozern gekommen sei. Die Leute, die in lo der Hiitte wohnten, waren Holzfaller, ein alter Mann, sein Sohn, der Hauswirt, und einige er- wachsene Enkel. Sie nahmen Kohlenmunkpeter, der um ein Nachtlager bat, gut auf, ohne nach seinem Ijlamen und Wohnort zu fragen ; gaben 15 ihm Apfelwein zu trinken, und Abends wurde ein groszer Auerhahn, die beste Schwarzwaldspeise, aufgesetzt. Nach dem Nachtessen setzten sich die Hausfrau und ihre Tochter mit den Kunkeln um den groszen 20 Lichtspan, den die Jungen mit dem feinsten Tannenharz unterhielten, der Groszvater, der Gast und der Hauswirt rauchten und schauten den Weibern zu, die Bursche aber waren beschaftigt, Loffeln und Gabeln aus Holz zu schnitzeln. 25 Draussen im Wald heulte der Sturm und raste in den Tannen, man horte da und dort sehr heftige Schlage, und es schien oft, als ob ganze Baume ab- geknickt wiirden und zusammenkrachten. Die furchtlosen Jungen wollten hinaus in den Wald 30 laufen und dieses furchtbar schone Schauspiel mit ansehen, ihr Groszvater aber liielt sie mit strengem DAS KAT.TE TTERZ. 13 Wort unci Blick zuriick. " Teh will Kcincm ratcn, class er jctzt von der Tiir gcht," rief er ihnen zu ; "der kommt nimmermehr wieder ; denn der Hol- lander Michel haut sich heute Nacht ein neues G'stair (Flossgelenk) im Wald." 5 Die Kleinen staunten ihn an ; sie mochten von dcm Hollander Michel schon gehort haben, abcr sie baten jetzt den Ahii (Groszvater), einmal recht schon von Jcnem zu erzahlen. Auch Peter Munk, der vom Hollander Michel auf der andern 10 Seite des Waldes nur undeutlich hatte sprechen gehort, stimmte mit ein und fragte den Alten, wer und wo er sei. " Er ist der Herr dieses Waldes, und nach dem zu schliessen, dass ihr in eurem Alter dies noch nicht erfahren, miisst ihr driiben 15 iiber dem Tannenbiihl oder wohl gar noch weiter zu Hause sein. Vom Hollander Michel will ich euch aber erzahlen, was ich weiss und wie die Sage von ihm geht. Vor etwa hundert Jahren, so erzahlte es wenigstens mein Ahni, war weit und 20 breit kein ehrlicheres Volk auf Erden, als die Schwarzwalder. Jetzt, seit so viel Geld im Land ist, sind die Menschen unredlich und schlecht. Die jungen Burschen tanzen und johlen am Sonn- tag, und fluchen, dass es ein Schrecken ist ; da- 25 mals war es aber anders, und wenn er jetzt zum Fenster dort hereinschaute, so sag' ich's, und hab* es oft gesagt, der Hollander Michel ist schuld an air dieser Verderbniss. Es Icbte also vor hundert Jahren und driiber ein reicher Holzherr, der viel 30 Gesindc hatte ; er handelte bis weit den Rhein H IV /r. inn. yr ha uff. /" • ^. hinab, unci scin Gcschilft war gcscgnct, dcnn cr war cin frommcr Mann. Kommt eincs Abends ein Mann an seine Tiire, dergleichen cr noch nie gesehen. Seine Kleidung war wie der Schwarz- 5 walder l^urschen, aber er war einen guten Kopf hoher als Alle, und man hatte noch nie geglaubt, dass es einen soichen Riesen geben konne. Dieser bittet um Arbeit bei dem Holzherrn, und der Holz- herr, der ihm ansah, dass er stark und zu groszen lo Lasten tiichtig sei, rechnet mit ihrfi seinen Lohn, und sie schlagen ein. Der Michel war ein Ar- beiter, wie selbiger Holzherr noch keinen gehabt. Ikim Baumschlagen gait er fur Drei, und wcnn Sechs an einem End schleppten, trug er allein das 15 andere. Als er aber ein halb Jahr Holz geschla- gen, trat er eines Tags vor seinen Herrn und be- gehrte von ihm : "Hab* jetzt lang genug hier Holz gehackt, und so mocht* ich auch sehen, wohin meine Stamme kommen, und wie war* es, wenn ihr 20 mich auch'mal auf den Floss liesset?" Der Holzherr antwortete ; " Ich will dir nicht im Wege sein, Michel, wenn du ein wenig hinaus willst in die Welt ; zwar beim Holzf alien brauche ich Starke Leute wie du bist, auf dem Floss aber 25 kommt es auf Geschicklichkeit an, doch es sei fur diesmal." Und so war es ; der Floss mit dem "! rbg; aen sollte, hatte acht Glaich (Glieder), und waren im letzten von den groszten Zimmerbalken. Aber 30 was .^'■eschah ? Am Abend zuvor bringt der lange Mich' iioc'': acht j^alken an's Wasser, so dick und DAS A'.tr rr rtEKZ. 15 Lohn, ein Ar- gehabt. d wcnn lein das geschla- und be- er Holz wohin renn ihr ir nicht hinaus Drauche >ss aber 5 sei fiir hmg, als man kcincn jc sah, uml jerlen trug cr so Icicht auf dcr Schultcr, wic jine Flozcrstnnge, so class sich Alios cntsotztc Wo n sie gehaucn, wcisz bis hcute noch Niemantl. Dcm Holzherrn lachtc das Ilcrz, als er dies sah, Jenn er berech- 5 nete, was diese lialkcn kosten konnten ; Michel aber sagte : * So, die sind fiir mich zum Fahren, auf den kLtij' I 5'panendort kann ich nicht fortkommen;" soin Herr wollte ihm zum Dank ein Par Flozer- stieiJ schenken, aber er warf sie auf die Seite und lo brachte ein Par bervor, wie es sonst noch keine gab ; mein Groszvater hat versichert, sie batten hundert Pfund gewogen und seien fiinf Fusz lang gcwesen. Der Floss fuhr ab, und hattc dcr Michel friiher 15 die Holzhauer in Verwunderung gesetzt, so staun- tcn jetzt die Flozer; denn statt dass der Floss, wie man wegen der ungeheuren Balken geglaubt hatte, langsamer auf dem Fluss gieng, flog er, sobald sie in den Neckar kamen, wie ein Pfeil ; machte der 20 Neckar eine Wendung, und batten sonst die Flozer Miihe gehabt, den Floss in der Mitte zu halten und nicht auf Kies oder Sand zu stoszcn, so sprang jetzt Michel allemal in's Wasser, riickte mit einem Zug den Floss links oder rechts, so dass er ohne 25 Gefihr voriibcrglitt, und kam dann eine gerade Stelle, so lief er auf's erste G'stair vor, liess alle ihre Stangen beisetzen, steckte seinen ungeheuren Weberbauni in's Kies, und mit einem Druck flog der Floss dahin, dass das Land und Baume und 30 Dorfer vorbeizujagen schienen. So waren sie in \\\ r 5S lltlllP i! I6 r y IV/U/E/.Af IIAUFF. y dcr Halfte dcr Zeit, die man sonst hrauchte, nach Koln am Rhein gekommen, wo sie sonst ihre Ladung verkauft hatten ; aber hicr sprach Michel: " Ihr seid mir rechte Kaufleute und versteht euren 5 Nutzen ! Meint ihr denn, die Kolner brauchen all' dies Holz, das aus dem Schwarzwald kommt, fiir sich ? Nein, urn den halben Wert kaufen sie es ciich ab und verhandeln es teuer nach Holland. Lasset uns die kleinen Balken hier verkaufen, und ID mit den groszen nach Holland gehen ; was wir iiber den gewohnlichen Preis losen, ist unser eige- ner Profit." So sprach der arglistige Michel, und die Andern waren es zufrieden ; die Einen, weil sie gern 15 nach Holland gezogen waren, es zu sehen, die Andern des Geldes wegen. Nur ein Einziger war redlich und mahnte sie ab, das Gut ihres Herrn der Gefahr auszusetzen, oder ihn um den hoheren Preis zu betriigen, aber sie horten nicht auf ihn 20 und vergaszen seine Worte ; der Hollander Michel jedoch vergasz sie nicht. Sie fuhren auch mit dem Holz den Rhein hinab, Michel leitete den Floss und brachte sie schnell bis nach Rotterdam. Dort bot man ihnen das Vierfache von dem friiheren 25 Preis, und besonders die ungeheuren Balken des Michel wurden mit schwerem Geld bezahlt. Als die Schwarzwalder so viel Geld sahen, wussten sie sich vor Freude nicht zu fassen. Michel teilte ab, einen Teil dem Holzherrn, die drei andern unter 30 die Manner. Und nun setzten sie sich mit Ma- trosen und andercm schlechten Gesindel in die ill DAS h'ALTE HERZ. 17 10 Wirtshauser, verschlemmten und verspielten ihr Geld ; den braven Mann aber, der ihnen abgeraten, verkaufte der Hollander Michel an einen Seelen- verkaufer, und man hat nichts mehr von ihm ge- hort. Von da an war den Burschen im Schwarz- wald Holland das Paradies, und Hollander Michel ihr Konig ; die Holzherren erfuhren lange nichts von dem Handel, und unvermerkt kamen Geld, Fliiche, schlechtc Sitten, Trunk und Spiel aus Holland herauf. Der Hollander Michel war, als die Geschichte herauskam, nirgends zu finden ; aber tot ist er auch nicht ; seit hundert Jahren treibt er seinen Spuk im Wald, und man sagt, dass er schon Vielen behiilflich gewesen sei, reich zu werden, aber — 15 auf Kosten ihrer armen Seele, und mehr will ich nicht sagen. Aber soviel ist gewiss, dass er noch jetzt in solchen Sturmnachten im Tannenbiihl, wo man nicht hauen soil, iiberall die schonsten Tan- nen aussucht, und mein Vater hat ihn eine vier 20 Schuh dicke umbrechen sehen, wie ein Rohr. Mit diesen beschenkt er die, welche sich vom Rechten abwenden und zu ihm gehen ; um Mitternacht bringen sie dann die G'stair in's Wasser, und er rudert mit ihnen nach Holland. Aber ware ich 25 Herr und Konig in Holland, ich Hesse ihn mit Kartatschen in den Boden schmettern, denn alle Schiffe, die von dem Hollander Michel auch nur einen Balken haben, miissen untergehen. Daher kommt es, dass man von so vielen Schiffbriichcn 30 hort ; wie konnte denn sonst ein schones, starkcs i:;l 4 J f j'lil I ' i8 r I WILHELM HAUFF. Schiff, SO grosz als eine Kirche, zu Grunde gehen auf dem Wasser? Aber so oft Hollander Michel in einer Sturmnacht im Schwarzwald eine Tanne fallt, springt eine seiner alten aus den Fugen des 5 Schiffes ; das Wasser dringt ein, und das Schiff ist mit Mann und Maus verloren. Das ist die Sage vom Hollander Michel ; und wahr ist es, alles Bose im Schwarzwald schreibt sich von ihm her; — o! er kann Einen reich machen!" setzte ID der Greis geheimnissvoll hinzu, " aber ich mochte nichts von ihm haben ; ich mochte um keinen Preis in der Haut des dicken Ezechiel und des langen Schlurker stecken ; auch der Tanzboden- konig soil, sich ihm ergeben haben ! " 15 Der Sturm hatte sich wahrend der Erzahlung des Alten gelegt ; die Madchen ziindeten schiich- tern die Lampen an und giengen weg; die Manner aber legten Peter Munk einen Sack voU Laub als Kopfkissen auf die Ofenbank und wiinschten ihm 20 gute Nacht. Kohlenmunkpeter hatte noch nie so schwere Traume gehabt, wie in dieser Nacht ; bald glaubte er, der finstere riesige Hollander Michel reisse die Stubenfenster auf und reiche mit seinem unge- 25 heuer langen Arm einen Beutel voll Goldstiicke herein, die er untereinander schiittelte, dass es hell und lieblich klang ; bald sah er wieder das kleine freundliche Glasmannlein auf einer unge- heuren griinen Flasche im Zimmer umherreiten, 30 und er meinte das heisere Lachen wieder zu horen, Wi III I m DAS KAL TE HERZ. 19 wie im Tannenbiihl ; dann brummte es ihm wieder in's linke Ohr : / ■ " In Holland gibt's Gold, Kbnnet's haben, wenn ihr wollt Um geringen Sold, 5 Gold, Gold ! " Dann horte er wieder in sein rechtes Ohr das Liedchen vom Schatzhauser im griinen Tannen- wald, und eine zarte Stimme flusterte : " Dummer Kohlenpetef, dummer Peter Munk, kannst kein 10 Spriichlein reimen auf steken, und bist doch am Sonntag geboren Schlag zwolf Uhr. Reime, dum- mer Peter, reime ! " Er achzte, er stohnte im Schlaf, er miihte sich ab, einen Reim zu finden, aber da er in seinem 15 Leben noch keinen gemacht hatte, war seine Miihe im Traume vergebens. Als er aber mit dem ersten Friihrot erwachte, kam ihm doch sein Traum son- derbar vor ; er setzte sich mit verschrankten Ar- men hinter den Tisch und dachte iiber die Ein- 20 fliisterungen nach, die ihm noch immer im Ohr lagen : "reime, dummer Kohlenmunkpeter, reime," sprach er zu sich und pochte mit dem Finger an seine Stirne, aber es wollte kein Reim hervor- kommen. Als er noch so da sasz, triibe vor sich 25 hinschaute und an den Reim auf stehen dachte, da zogen drei Bursche vor dem Haus vorbei in den Wald, und Einer sang im Voriibergehen : " Am Berge tat ich stehen Und Schauta in das Tal, Da hab' ich sie gesehen Zum allerletztenmal." 30 > '! ''1 ■iSS I ;ii lljll !P li! i!i! 20 WILHELM HAUFF. y ' Das fuhr wic cin leuchtender Blitz durch Peters Ohr, und hastig raffte er sich auf, stiirzte aus dem Hans, weil er meinte, nicht recht gehort zu haben, sprang den drei Burschen nach und packte den 5 Sanger hastig und unsanft beim Arm. " Halt, F"reund," rief er, " was habt ihr da eben auf stehen gereimt ? Tut mir die Liebe, und sprecht, was ihr gesungen." " Was ficht's dich an, Bursche ? " entgegnete der lo Schwarzwalder ; "ich kann singen, was ich will, und lass gleich meinen Arm los, oder — " "Nein, sagen soUst du, was du gesungen hast ! " schrie Peter beinahe ausser sich und packte ihn noch festpr an ; die zwei Andern aber, als sie dies 15 sahen, zogerten nicht lange, sondern fielen mit derben Fausten iiber den armen Peter her und walkten ihn derb, bis er vor Schmerzen das Ge- wand des Dritten liess und ierschopft in die Knie sank. "Jetzt hast du dein Teil," sprachen sie 20 lachend, ** und merk' dir, toller Bursche, dass du Leute, wie wir sind, nimmer anfallst auf offenem Wege." " Ach, ich will mir es gewisslich merken ! " erwiderte Kohlenpeter seufzend ; " aber so ich die 35 Schlage habe, seid so gut und saget deutlich, was Jener gesungen." Da lachten sie auf's Neue und spotteten ihn aus ; aber der das Lied gesungen, sagte es ihm vor, und lachend und singend zogen sie weiter. 30 " Also sc/ic7t" sprach der arme Geschlagcnc, in- dem er sich muhsam aufrichtete ; '^ scheii auf DAS K'ALTE HERZ. 21 lO stclu'n^ jetzt, Glasniannlcin, wollen wir wieder ein Wort zusammen sprechen." Ergieng in die Hiitte, holte seinen Hut und den langen Stock, nahm Ab- schied von den Bewohnern der Hiitte und trat seinen Riickweg nach dem Tannenbiihl an. Er gieng langsam und sinnend seine Strasze, denn er niusste ja einen Vers ersinnen ; endlich, als er schon in dem Bereich des Tannenbiihls gieng, und die Tannen hoher und dichter wurden, hatte er auch seinen Vers gefunden und machte vor Freu- dcn einen Sprung in die Hohe. Da trat ein riesen- DAS KAL TE HERZ. 47 warst, hattest du Langeweile und schiebst jetzt Alles aiif dieses unschuldige Herz." Peter sah '" ein, dass Michel Recht habe, was den Miissiggang betrafe, und nahm sich vor, reich und immer reicher zu werden. Michel schenkte ihm noch ein- 5 mal hunderttausend Gulden und entliess ihn als seinen guten Freund. ^ Bald vernahm man im Schwarzwald die Mare, der Kohlenmunkpeter oder Spielpeter sei wieder da, und noch viel reicher, als zuvor. Es gieng 10 auch jetzt wie immer ; als er am Bettelstab warj wurde er in der Sonne zur TUre hinausgeworfen, und als er nun an einem Sonntag Nachmittag seinen ersten Einzug dort hielt, schiittelten sie ihm die K lobten sein Pferd, fragten nach 15 seiner Reioc, und als er wieder mit dem dicken Ezechiel um harte Taler spielte, stand er in der Achtung so boch, als je. Er trieb jetzt aber nicht mehr das Gla^handwerk, sondern den,. Holzhandel, aber nur zum Schein. Sein Hauptgeschaft war, 20 mit Korn und Geld zu handeln. Der halbe Schwarzwald wurde ihm nach und nach schuldig, aber er lieh Geld nur auf zehn Prozente aus, oder verkaufte Korn an die Armen, die nicht gleich zahlen konnten, um den dreifachen Wert. Mit dem 25 Amtmann stand er jetzt in enger Freundschaft, und wenn Einer Herrn Peter Munk nicht auf den Tag bezahlte, so ritt der Amtmann mit seinen Schergen hinaus, schatzte Haus und Hof, ver- kaufte es flugs, und trieb Vater, Mutter und Kind 30 m den Wald. Anfangs machte dies dem reichen I' Ml i \\- I- t ' \'- : i: '•iiii. j|i!!f 48 r I WILHELM HAUFF. Peter einige Unlust, denn die armen Ausgepfan- deten belagerten dann haufenweise seine Tiire, die Manner flehten urn Nachsicht, die Weiber suchten das steinp ne Her2 zu erwcichen, and die Kinder 5 winseltei um ein Stiicklein Brot. Aber alsersich ein par tiichtige Fleischerhunde angeschafft hatte, horte dicse Katzenmusik, wie er es nannte, bald auf. Er pfiff und h'^tzte, und die Bettelleute flogen schreiend auseinander. Am meisten Beschwerde 10 machte ihm das "alte Wc^b." Das war aber Nie- mand anders, als F rau Munkin, Peters Mutter. Sie war in Not und Elend geraten, als man ihr Haus und Hof verkauft hatte, und ihr Sohn, als er reich zuriickgekehrt war, hatte nicht mehr nach 15 ihr umgesehen. Da kam "sie nun zuweilen, alt, schwach und gebrechlich, an einem Stock vor das Haus. Hinein wagte,sie sich nicht mehr, denn er hatte sie einmal weggejagt ; aber es tat ihr wehe, von den Guttaten anderer Menschen leben 20 zu miissen, da der eigene Sohn ihr ein sorgenloses Alter hatte bereiten konnen. Aber das kalte Herz wurde nimmer geriihrt von dem Anblicke der bleichen, wohlbekannten Ziige, von den bittenden Blicken, von der welken, ausgestreckten Hand, von 25 der hinfalligen Gestalt. Miirrisch zog er, wenn sie Sonnabends an die Tiire pochte, einen Sechs- batzner hervor, schlug ihn in ein Papier und liess ihn hinausreichen durch einen Knecht. Er ver- nahm ihre zitternde Stimme, wenn sie dankte und 30 wiinschte, es moge ihm wohl gehen auf Erden ; er horte sie hiistelnd von der Tiire schleichen, aber er der If D4S KALTE HERZ. 49 dichte weiter nicht' mehr daran, als dass er wieder sechs Batzen umsonst ausgegeben. ' '"^^ Endlich kam Peter auf den Gedanken, zu hei- raten. Er wusste, dass im ganzen Schwarzwald jeder Vater ihm gerne seine Tochter geben wiirde; 5 aber er war schwierig in seiner Wahl, denn er wollte, dass man auch hierin sein Gliick und seinen Verstand preisen sollte ; daher ritt er umher im ganzen Wald, sghaute hier. schaute dort, und keine der schonen Schwarzwalderinnen dauchte ihm 10 schon genug. Endlich, nachdem er auf alien Tanzboden umsonst riach der Schonsten ausge- schaut hatte, horte er eines Tages, dic^ Schonste und Tugendsamste im ganzen Wald sei eines armen Holzhauers Tochter. Sie lebe still und fiir 15 sich, besorge geschickt und emsig ihres Vaters Haus, und lasse sich nie auf dem Tanzboden sehen, nicht einmal zu Pfingsten oder Kirchweih. Als Peter von diesem Wunder des Schwarzwaldes horte, beschloss er, um sie zu werben, und ritt nach der 20 Hiitte, die man ihm bezeichnet hatte. Der Va- ter der schonen Lisbet empfing den vornehmen Herrn mit Staunen und erstaunte noch mehr, als er horte, es sei dies der reiehe Herr Peter und er wolle sein Schwiegersohn werden. Er besann sich 25 auch nicht lange, denn er meinte, alle seine Soige und Armut werde nun ein Ende haben, sagte zu, ohne die schone Lisbet zu fragen, und das gute Kind war so folgsam, dass sie ohne Widerrede Frau Peter Munkin wurde. 30 Aber es wurde der Armen nicht so gut, als sic ' [ fi I 50 WfLHELM HAUFF. r < k sich getraumt hatte. Sie glaubte ihr Huuswescti wohl zu verstehen, aber sie konnte Herrn Peter nichts zu Dank machen, sie hatte Mitleiden mit armen Leuten, und da ihr Eheherr reich war, 5 dachte sie, es sei keine Siinde, einem armen Bettel- weib ein'^ Pfennig, oder einem alten Manne einen Schnaps zu reichen ; aber als Herr Peter dies eines Tages merkte, sprach er mit zurnenden Blicken und rauher Stimme : " Warum verschleuderst du 10 mein Vermogen an Lumpen und Straszenlaufer? Hast du was mitgebracht in's Haus, das du weg- schenken konntest ? Mit deines Vaters Bettelstab kann man keine Suppe warm en, und du wirfst das Geld aus, wie eine Fiirstin. Noch einmal lass' 15 dich betreten, so sollst du meine Hand fuhlen ! " Die schone Lisbet weinte in ihrer Kammer iiber den harten Sinn ihres Mannes, und sie wiinschte oft lieber daheim zu sein in ihres Vaters armlicher Hiitte, als bei dem reichen, aber geizigen, hart- 20 herzigen. Peter zu hausen. Ach, hatte sie gewusst, dass er ein Herz von Marmor habe, und weder sie noch iigend einen Menschen lieben konne, so hatte sie sich wohl nicht gewundert. So oft sie aber jetzt unter der Tiirc sasz, und es gieng ein 25 Bettelmann voriiber und zog den Hut und hub seinen Spruch an, so driickte sie die Augen zu, das Elend nicht zu schauen, sie ballte die Hand fester, damit sie nicht unwillkiirlich in die Tasche fahrcj ein Kreuzerlein herauszulangen. So kam 30 es, dass die schone Lisbet im ganzen Wald ver- schrieen wurde, und es hiess, sie sei noch geiziger. % ' r ' DAS KALTE HERZ. 51 als Peter Munk. Aber cines Tages sasz Frau Lis- bet wieder vor dem Haus und spaim und murmelte ein Liedchen dazu ; denn sie war munter, well es schon Wetter und Herr Peter ausgeritten war iiber Feld. Da kommt ein altes Mannlein des Weges 5 daher, das tragt einen groszen, schweren Sack, und sie hort es schon von weitern keuchen. Teilneh- mend sieht ihm Frau Lisbet zu und denkt, einem so alten kleinen Mann sollte man nicht mehr so schwer aufladen. 10 Indess keuchte und wankte das Mannlein heran, und als es gegen iiber von Frau Lisbet war, brach es unter dem Sack beinahe zusammen. " Ach, habt die Barmherzigkeit, Frau, und reichet mir nur eincn Trunk Wasser," sprach da^. Mannlein ; " ich kann 15 nicht weiter, muss elen-^ versc'imachten." " Aber ihr solltet in ^-urem Alter nicht mehr so schwer tragen," sagte Frau Lisbet. "Ja, wenn ich nicht Boten gehen miisste, der Armut halber und um mein Leben zu fristen," 20 antwortete er ; " ach so eine reiche Frau, wie ihr, weiss nicht, wie wehe Armut tut, und wie wohl ein frischer Trunk bei solcher Hitze." Als sie dies horte, eilte sie in's Haus, nahm einen Krug vom Gesims und fiillte ihn mit Wasser; 25 doch, als sie zuriickkehrte und nur noch wenige Schritte von dem Mannlein war und sah, wie es so elend und verkiimmert auf dem Sack sasz, da fuhlte sie inniges Mitleid, bedachte, dass ja ihr Mann nicht zu Hause sei, und so stellte sie den 30 Wasserkrug bei Seite, nahm einen Becher und Hi m 5 I ill H r I 52 WfLIfELM FiAUFF, V \'-' I fullte ihn mit Wein, legte ein gutcs Roggenbrot darauf unci brachte es dem Alten. " So, und ein Schluck Wein mag euch besser frommen, als Was- ser, da ihr schon so gar alt seid," sprach sie ; 5 " aber trinket nicht so hastig und esset auch Brot dazu." Das Mannlein sah sie staunend an, bis grosze Tranen in seinen alten Augen standen, es trank und sprach dann : " Ich bin alt geworden, aber ich 10 hab' wenige Menschen gesehrn, die so mitleidig waren, und ihre Gaben so schon und herzig zu spenden wUssten, wie ihr, Frau Lisbet. Aber es vvird euch dafiir auch recht vvohl gehen auf Erden; solch ein He^z bleibt nicht unbelohnt." 15 " Nein, und den Lohn soil sie zur Stelle haben," schrie eine schreckliche Stimme. und als sie sich umsahen, war es Herr Peter mit blutrotem Gesicht. " Und sogar meinen Ehrenwein giessest du aus an Bettelleute, und meinen Mundbecher gibst du 20 an die Lippen der Straszenlauf er ? Da nimm dei- nen Lohn ! " ^rau Lisbet sturzte zu seinen Fiiszen und bat um Verzeihung, aber das steinerne Herz kannte kein Mitleid, er drehte die Peitsche um, die er in der Hand hielt, und schlug sie mit dem Hand- 25 griff von Ebenholz so heftig vor die schone Stirne, dass sie leblos dem alten Manne in die Arme sank. Als er dies sah.. war es doch, als rente ihn die Tat auf der Stelle ; er biickte sich herab, zu schauen, ob noch Leben in ihr sei ; aber das Mannlein 30 sprach mit wohlbekannter Stimme : " Gib dir keine Muhe, Kohlenpeter ; es war die schonste und lieb- DAS KAL TE HRRZ. S3 lichstc Blumo im Schwarzwald, aber du hast sie zertreten und nie mehr wird sie wieder bliihcn." Da wich alles Blut aus Peters Wangen und er sprach : "Also ihr seid es, Herr Schatzhauser? Nun, was geschehen ist, ist geschehen, und es hat 5 wohl so kommen miissen. Ich hoffe aber, ihr werdet mich nicht bei dem Gericht anzeigen als Morder ! " " Elender ! " erwiderte das Glasmannlein. " Was wiirde es mir frommen, wenn ich deine sterbliche 10 Hulle an den Galgen brachte? Nicht irdische Ge- richte sind es, die du zu fiirchten hast, sondern andere und strengere, denn du hast deine Seele an den Bosen verkauft." "Und hab* ich mein Herz verkauft," schric 15 Peter, " so ist Niemand daran schuld, als du, und deine betrugerischen Schatze; du tiickischer Geist hast mich in's Verderben gefiihrt, mich getrieben, dass ich bei einem Andern Hilfe suchte, und auf dir liegt die ganze Verantwortung." Aber kaum hatte 20 er dies gesagt, so wuchs und schwoU das Glas- mannlein und wurde hoch und breit, und seine Augen sollen so grosz gewesen sein, wie Suppen- teller, und sein Mund war wie ein geheizter Back- ofen, und Flammen blitzten daraus hervor. Peter 25 warf sich auf die Kniee, und sein steinernes Herz schiitzte ihn nicht, dass nicht seine Glieder zit- terten, wie eine Espe. Mit Geierskrallen packte ihn der Waldgeist im Nacken, drehte ihn um wre ein Wirbelwind diirres Laub, und warf ihn dann 30 zu Boden, dass ihm alle Rippen knackten. "Erden- I J-SU )l I ^Tt ■ > I m ■m I* h r I 54 WII.HEI.M HAUFh. wurm ! " ricf er mit ciner Stimme, die vvie dcr Donncr rollte ; " ich konnte dich zerschmettern, wenn ich Wolltc, dcnn du hast gegcn den Herrn des Waldos gefrevelt. Aber um dieses toten Wei- 5 bes willen, die mich gespeist und getriinkt, gebe ich dir acht Tage Frist. Bekehrst du dich nicht zum Guten, so komme ich und zermalme dein Ge- bein, und du fahrst hin in deinen Sunden." Es war schon Abend, als einige Manner, die lo vorbeigiengen, den reichen Peter Munk an der Erde liegen sahen. Sie wandtcn ihn hin und her und suchten, ob noch Atem in ihm sei, aber lange war ihr Suchen vergebens. Endlich gieng einer in das Haus^ und brachte Wasser herbei und be- 15 sprengte ihn. Da holte Peter tief Atem, stohnte und schlug die Augen auf, schaute lange um sich und fragte dann nach Frau Lisbet, aber Keiner . hatte sie gesehen. Er dankte den Mannern fur ihre Hilfe, schlich sich in sein Haus und suchte 20 iiberall, aber Frau Lisbet war weder im Keller noch auf dem Boden, und das, was er fur einen schrecklichen Traum gehalten, war bittere Wahr- heit. Wie er nun so ganz allein war, da kamen ihm sonderbare Gedanken ; er fiirchtete sich vor 25 nichts, denn sein H'erz war ja kalt ; aber wenn er an den Tod seiner Frau dachte, kam ihm sein eigenes Hinscheiden in den Sinn, und wie belastet er dahin fahren werde, schwer belastet mit Tranen der Armen, mit tausend ihrer Fliiche, die sein Herz 30 nicht erweichen konnten, mit dem Jammer der Elenden, auf die er seinen Hund gehetzt, belastet Mi;; • /• • DAS KAl.TE riF.KZ, 55 mit der stillen Vcrzwciflung seiner Mutter, mit deni Bliite der schoncn guten Lisbet ; und konnte er doch nicht einmal dem alten Manne, ihrem Vater, Rechenschaft geben, wenn er kame und fragte : " Wo ist meine Tochter, dein Weib?" wie 5 woUte er einem Andern Frage stehen, dem alle Walder, alle Seen, alle Berge gehoren, und die Leben der Menschen? Es qualte ihn auch Nachts im Traume, und alle Augenblicke wachte erauf an einer siiszen Stimme, 10 die ihm zurief : *' Peter, schaff' dir ein warmeres Herz ! " Und wenn er erwacbt war, schloss er doch schnell wieder die Augen, denn der Stimme nach musste es Frau Lisbet sein, die ihm dieseWar- ', nung zurief. Den andern Tag gieng er in's Wirts- 15 haus, um seine Gedanken zu zerstreuen, und dort traf er den dicken Ezechiel. Er setzte sich zu " ihm, sie sprachen Dies und Jenes, vom schonen Wetter, vom Krieg, von den Steuern und endlich auch vom Tod, und wie da und dort Einer so 20 schnell gestorben sei. Da fragte Peter den Dicken, was er denn vom Tod halte, und wie es nachher sein werde. Ezechiel antwortete ihm, dass man den Leib begrabe, die Seele aber fahre entweder auf zum Himmel oder hinab in die Holle. 1 «5 "Also begrabt man das Herz auch?" fragte Peter gespannt. " Ei freilich, das wird auch begraben." "Wenn aber Einer sein Herz nicht mehr hat?" fuhr Peter fort. 30 Ezechiel sah ihn bei diesen Worten schrecklich •' m 56 r ( WfLlIELM llAdFF. 1 \ li m 13. i \ ii'li an. "Was vvillst tlu damit sagcn ? Willst dii niich foppcn? Mcinst du, ich habe k(nn Ilcrz?" " O, Herz genug, so fcst wiu Stein," crwidcrte Peter. 5 Ezcchicl sah ihn verwundcrt an, schaute sich urn, ob es Nicmand gehiirt habe, und sprach dann : " Woher weisst du es ? Oder pocht vielleicht das deinige auch nicht mehr?" "Pocht nicht mehr, wenigstcns nicht hier in lo meiner Briist ! " antwortete Peter Munk. "Aber sag' mir, da du jetzt weisst was ich meine, wie wird es gehen mit wiser en Herzeni'' " Was kiimmert dich dies, Gesell ? " fragtc Eze- chiel lachen,d. " Hast ja auf Erden vollauf zu leben 15 und damit genug. Das ist ja gerade das Bequeme in unsern kalten Herzen, dass uns keine Furcht befallt vor solchen Gedanken." " Wohl wahr, aber man denkt doch daran, und wenn ich auch jetzt keine Furcht mehr kenne, so 20 weiss ich doch wohl noch, wie sehr ich mich vor der Holle gefiirchtet, als ich noch ein kleiner un- schuldiger Knabe war." "Nun — gut wird es uns gerade nicht gehen," sagte Ezechiel. " Hab' mal einen Schulmeister 25 dariiber gefragt, der sagte mir, dass nach dem Tode die Herzen gewogen werden, wie schwer sie sich versiindiget hatten. Die leichten steigen auf, die schweren sin ken hinab, und ich denke, unsere Steine werden ein gutes Gewicht haben." 30 " Ach freilich," erwiderte Peter, "und es ist mir oft selbst unbequem, dass mein Herz so teilnahm- ist mir inahm- /)AS h'Al.TE II EK/.. 57 los utid ganz glcichgiltig ist, wcnn ich an solche Dinge denke." - '" \So spiachcn sie ; aber in der nachsten Nacht hortc cr fiinf odcr sechs Mai die bckannte Stimme in sein Ohr lispcln : " Peter, schaff' dir ein war- 5 meres Herz ! " Er empfand keine Rene, dass er seine Frau getotet, aber wenn er dem Gesinde sagte, sie sei verreist, so dachte er immer dabei : *'Wohin mag sie wohl gereist sein?" Sechs Tage hatte er es so getrieben, und immer hdrte er lo Nachts diese Stimme, und immer dachte er an den Waldgeist und seine schreckliche Drohung ; aber am siebenten Morgen sprang er auf von sei- nem Lager und rief : "Nun ja, will sehen, ob ich mir ein warmeres schaff en kann, denn der i * gleichgiltige Stein in meiner Brust macht mir das Leben nur lawgweilig und ode." Er zog schnell seinen Sonntagsstaat an, setzte sich auf sein Pferd und ritt dem Tannenbiihl zu. Im Tannenbiihl, wo die Baume dichter standen, 20 sasz er ab, band sein Pferd an und gieng schnellen Schrittes dem Gipfel des Hiigels zu, und als er vor der dicken Tanne stand, hub er seinen Spr ;ch an : " Schatzhauser im griinen Tannenwald, Bist schon viel hundert Jahre alt. Dein ist all' Land, wo Tannen stehn, Lasst dich nur Sonntagskindern sehn." »5 Da kam das Glasmannlein hervor, aber nicht freundlich und traulich, wie sonst, sondern duster und traurig ; es hatte ein Rocklein an von schwar- 30 zem Glas, und ein langer Trauerflor flatterte herab t ; PRH 58 WILlfELM JfAUFF. r- 1 vom Hut, und Peter wusste wohl, um wen es traure. v^^ " Was will St du von mir, Peter Munk?" fragte es niit dumpfer Stimme. 5 "Ich hab' noch einen Wunsch, Herr Schatz- hauser," antwortete Peter mit niedergeschlagenen Augen. " Konnen Steinherzen noch wiinschen?" sagte Jener. " Du hast Alias, was du f iir deinen schlech- 10 ten Sinn bedarfst, und ich werde schwerlich deinen Wunsch erfuUen." " Aber ihr habt mir doch drei Wiinsche zuge- sagt; einen hab' ich immer noch iibrig." "Doch kann ich ihn versagen, wenn er toricht 15 ist," fuhr dirWaldgeist fort; "aber wohlan, ich will horen, was du willst?" "So nehmet mir den toten Stein heraus und gebet mir mein lebendiges Herz," sprach Peter. " Hab* ich den Handel mit dir gemacht ? " fragte 20 das Glasmannlein. " Bin ich der Hollander Michel, der Reichtum und kalte Herzen schenkt? Dort, bei ihm musst du dein Herz suchen." "Ach, er gibt es nimmer zuriick," antwortete Peter. 25 "Du dauerst mich, so schlecht du auch bist," sprach das Mannlein nach einigem Nachdenken. " Aber well dein Wunsch nicht toricht ist, so kann ich dir wenigstens meine Hilfe nicht versagen. So hore, dein Herz kannst du mit keiner Gewalt 30 mebr bekommen, wohl aber durch List, und es wird vielleicht nicht schwer halten, denn Michel DAS KAL TE IIERZ. 59 bleibt doch nur der diinimc Michel, obgleich cr sich ungemein king diinkt. So gehe denn geraden "^ Weges zu ihm bin und tue, wie ich dir heisse." Und nun unterrichtete er ihn in Allem und gab ihm ein Kreuzlein aus reinem Glas : " Am Leben 5 kann er dir nicht schaden, und er wird dich frei lassen, wenn du ihm dies vorhalten und dazu beten wirst. Und hast du dann, was du verlangt, erhal- ten, so komm wieder zu mir an diesen Ort." Peter Munk nahm das Kreuzlein, pragte sich 10 alle Worte in's Gedachtniss, und gieng weiter nach Hollander Michels Behausung. Er rief dreimal seinen Namen, und alsobald stand der Riese vor ihm. " Du hast dein Weib erschlagen ? " fragte er ihn mit schrecklichem Lachen. " Hatt* es auch 15 so gemacht, sie hat dein Vermogen an das Bettel- volk gebracht. Aber du wirst auf einige Zeit ausser Landes gehen mussen, denn es wird Larm machen, wenn man sie nicht findet ; und du brauchst wohl Geld und kommst, um es zu holen?" 20 "Du bast's erraten," erwiderte Peter, "und nur recht viel diesmal, denn nach Amerika ist's weit." Michel gieng voran und brachte ihn in seine , Hutte, dort schloss er eine Truhe auf, worin viel Geld lag, und langte ganze RoUen Goldes heraus. 25 Wahrend er es so auf den Tisch bin zahlte, sprach Peter : " Du bist ein loser Vogel, Michel, dass du mich belogen hast, ich hatte einen Stein in der Brust, und du habest mein Herz ! " "Und ist es denn nicht so?" fragte Michel 30 staunend. " Fiihlst du denn dein Herz? Ist es vmA K xm rt'- 6o WI LIT ELM IfAUFF. \ M iff nicht kalt wie Eis? Hast du Fiircht oder Gram, kann dich etwas reuen ? " "Du hast mein Herz nur stille stehen lassen, aber ich hab' es noch wie sonst in meiner Brust 5 und Ezechiel auch, der hat es mir gesagt, dass du uns angelogen hast. Du bist nicht der Mann dazli, der Einem das Herz so unbemerkt und ohne Ge- fahr aus der Brust reissen konnte ; da miisstest du zaubern konnen." lo "Aber ich versichere dich," rief Michel unmutig, " du und Ezechiel und alle reichen Leute, die es mit mir gehalten, haben solche kalte Herzen wie du, und ihre rechten Herzen habe ich hier in mei- ner Kammer." 15 ^ " Ei, wie*dir das Liigen von der Zunge geht ! " lachte Peter. " Das mach' du einem Andern weis. Meinst du, ich hab' auf meinen Reisen nicht solche Kunststucke zu Dutzenden gesehen ? Aus Wachs nachgeahmt sind deine Herzen hier in r^'^x Kam 20 mer. Du bist ein reicher Kerl, das gtb* ich zu, aber zaubern kannst du nicht." Da ergrimmte der Riese und riss die Kammer- tijre auf. "Komm herein und lies die Zettel alle, und jenes dort, schau, das ist Peter Munk's Herz ; 25 siehst du, wie es zuckt ? Kann man das auch aus Wachs machen ? " " Und doch ist es aus Wachs," antwortete Peter. " So schlagt ein rechtes Herz nicht ; ich habe das meinige noch in der Brust. Nein, zaubern kannst 30 du nichtij' *' Aber ich will es dir beweisen ! " rief Jener DAS KAL TE HEKZ. tl argerlich. " Du sollst es selbst fiihlen, dass dies dein ^ Herz ist." Er nahm es, riss Peters Wamms auf und holte einen Stein aus seiner Brust und zeigte ihn vor. Dann nahm er das Herz, hauchte es an, uiid setzte es behutsam an seine Stelle, und also- s bald fiihlte Peter, wie es pochte, und er konnte sich wieder dariiber freuen. " Wie ist es dir jetzt?" fragte Michel lachelnd. " Wahrhaftig, du hast doch Recht gehabt," ant- wortete Peter, indem er behutsam sein Kreuzlein lo aus der Tasche zog. •' Hatt' ich doch nicht ge- glaubt, dass man dergleichen tun konne! " " Nicht wahr ? Und zaubern kann ich, das siehst du ; aber komm, jetzt Vvill ich dir den Stein wieder hinein setzen." i$ " Gemach, Herr Michel ! " rief Peter, trat einen Schritt zuriick und hielt ihm das Kreuzlein ent- gegen. " Mit Speck fangt man Mause, und dies- mal bist du der Betrogene." Und zugleich fieng er an zu beten, was ihm nur beifiel. ' «o Da wurde Michel kleiner und immer kleiner, fiel nieder und wand sich hin und her wie ein Wurm, und achzte und stohnte, und alle Herzen umher fiengen an zu zucken und zu pochen, dass es tonte wie in der Werkstatt eines Uhrmachers. Peter 25 aber fUrchtete sich, es wurde ihm ganz unheimlich zu Mut, er rannte zur Kammer und zum Haus hin- aus und klimmte, von Angst getrieben, die Felsen- vvand hinan, denn er horte, dass Michel sich auf- raffte, stampfte und tobte, und ihm schreckliche 30 Fliiche nachschickte. Als er oben war, lief er dem *l , «. J .; f in 63 WILHELM HAUFF. Tannenbiihl zu; ein schreckliches Gewitter zog auf, Blitze fielen linKs und rechts an ihm nieder und zerschmetterten die Baume, aber er kam wohl- behalten in dem Revier des Glasmannleins an. 5 Sein Herz pochte treudig, und nur darum, well es pochte. Dann abe^ sah er mit Entsetzen auf sein Leben zuriick, wie auf das Gewitter, das hinter ihm rechts und links den schonen Wald zer- splitterte. Er dachte an Frau Lisbet, sein scho- lo nes, gutes Weib, das er aus Geiz gemordet, er kam sich selbst wie der Auswurf der Menschfen vor, und er weinte heftig, als er an Glasmannleins Hiigel kam. Schatzhakiser sasz unter dem Tannenbaum und 15 rauchte aus einer kleinen Pfeife, doch sah er mun- terer aus, als zuvor. " Warum weinst du, Kohlen- peter?" fragte er. "Hast du dein Herz nicht erhalten ? Liegt noch das kalte in deiner Brust ? " " Ach Herr!" seufzte Peter; "als ich noch das 20 kalte Steinherz trug, da weinte ich nie, meine Augen waren so trocken, als das Land im Juli ; jetzt aber will es mir beinahe das alte Herz zer- brechen, was ich getan ! Meine Schuldner habe ich in's Elend gejagt, auf Arme und Kranke die 25 Hunde gehetzt, und ihr wisst es ja selbst — wie meine Peitsche auf ihre schone Stirne fiel ! " " Peter ! Du warst ein groszer Sunder \ " spra':h das Mannlein ; " das Geld und der Miissiggang haben dich verderbt, bis dein Herz zu Stein wurde, 30 nicht Freud', nicht Leid, keine Reue, kein Mitleid mehr kannte. Aber Reue versohnt, und wenn ich DAS KALTE HERZ. 63 nur wiisste, dass dir dein Leben recht leid tut, so konnte ich schon noch etwas fiir dich tun." "Will nichts mehr," antwortete Peter und liess traurig sein Haupt sinken. " Mit mir ist es aus ; kann mich mein Lebtag nicht mehr freuen ; was 5 soil ich so allein auf der Welt tun ? Meine Mutter verzeiht mir nimmer, was ich ihr getan, und viel- leicht hab* ich sie unter den Boden gebracht, ich Ungeheuer ! Und Lisbet, meine Frau ! Schlaget mich lieber auch tot, Herr Schatzhauser, dann hat 10 mein elend Leben mit einmal ein Ende." " Gut," erwiderte das Mannlein, " wenn du nicht anders willst, so kannst du es haben ; meine Axt habe ich bei dcr Hand." Er nahm ganz ruhig sein Pfeiflein aus dem Mund, klopfte es aus und steckte 15 es ein. Dann stand er langsam auf und gieng hinter die Tannen. Peter aber setzte sich weinend in's Gras, sein Leben war ihm nichts mehr, und er er- wartete geduldig den Todesstreich. Nach einiger Zeit horte er leise Tritte hinter sich und dachte : 20 " Jetzt wird er kommen." " Schau c'ich noch einmal um, Pe t e r Munk ! " rief das Mannlein. Peter wischte sich die Tranen aus den Augen und schaute sich um, und sah — seine Mutter und Lisbet, seine Frau, dig, ihji ;ai5 fr^nndlirh RnMiffkt-^ Da sprang er freudig auf . " So bist du nicht tot, Lisbet ? Und auch ihr seid da, Mutter, und habt mir vergeben?" "Sie v/ollen dir verzeihen," sprach das Glas- mannlein, " weil du wahre Reue fiihlst, und Alles 3° soil vergessen sein. Zieh' jetzt heim in deines !|" 1:1 % • \ 64 WILHELM IIAUFF. Vaters Hutte und sei ein Kohler wie zuvor ; bist du brav und bieder, so vvirst du dein Handwerk ehren, und dsine Nachbarn warden dich mehr lie- ben und achten, als w >nn du zehn Tonnen Gol J^is S hattest." So sprach das Glasmannlein und nahoi Abschied von ihnen. Die drei lobten und segnetcn es und gieiigen heim. J Das prachtvolle Haus des reichen Peter stand lo tr'cht mehr ; der Blitz hattt es angeziindet und mit all seinen ^Schatzen niedergebrannt ; aber nach der vaterlichei^ Hiitte war es nicht weit ; dorthin gieng jctzt ihr We:*: uud der grosze Verlust bekiimmerte sie nicht^ ^ 15 Aber wie staunten sie, als sie an die Hutte kamen ! Sie war zu einem schonen Bauernhaus ge- wordon, und Alles darin war einfach, aber gut und reinlich. " Das hat das gute Glasmannlein getan ! " rief 20 Peter. " Wie schon ! " sagte Frau Lisbet. ** Und hier ist mir vie) heimlicher, als in dem groszen Haus mit deni vielen Gesinde." Von jetzt an wurde Peter Munk ein fleissiger 25 und wackerer Mann. Er war zufrieden mit dem, was er hatte, trieb seiu Handwerk unverdrossen, und so kam es, dass er durch eigene Kraft woh!- habend wurde und angesehen und beliebt ini gan- zen Wald. Er zankte nie mehr mit Frau Lisbet, 30 ehrte seine Matter und gab den Armen, uju an seine Tiire pocht' n. Als nach Jahr urd 7'?!^ /^rau V- ,'• ( rief gan- ,isbet, •v. an /^rau DAS KALTE IIEKZ. 65 Lisbet von einem schonen Knaben genas, gieng Peter nach clem Tannenbiihl unci sagte sein Spriich- lein. Aber das Glasmannlein zeigte sich nicht. "Herr Schatzhauser ! " rief er laut, "hort mich (loch, ich will ja nichts Anderes, als euch zu Ge- 5 vatter bitten bei meinem Sohnlein ! " Aber er gab keine Antwort ; nur ein kurzer Windstosz sauste durch die Tannen und warf einige Tannenzapfen herab in's Gras. " So will ich dies zum Andenken mitnehmen, weil ihr euch doch nicht sehen lassen 10 wollet," rief Peter, steckte die Zapfen in die Tasche und gieng nach Hause ; aber als er zu Hause das Sonntagswamms auszog und seine Mut- ter die Taschen umwandte und das Wamms in den Kasten legen wollte, da fielen vier stattliche Geld- 15 rollen heraus, und als man sie offnete, waren es lauter gute, neue badische Taler, und kein einziger falscher darunter. Und das war das Patenge- schenk des Mannleins im Tannenwald fiir den kleinen Peter. 20 So lebten sie still und unverdrossen fort, und noch oft nachher, als Peter Munk schon graue Hare hatte, sarte er : " Es ist doch besser, zu- . frieden zu sein mit Wenigem, als Gold und Giiter haben, und ein kaltes Herz^ 25 t * „y- WILHELM HAUFF - DAS KALTE .4ERZ. NOTES. P. I, I. r. Wer — der. The latter pron. is redundant, as we r = derjenige welcher, including both rel. and antecedent. See Gloss, under wer and welcher. der is demonst. prrn. here. — Schwabeti, Suabia, a former duchy of Southern Germany, including the present territories of Baden and Wiirtemberg. 1. 2. auch — hineinzuschauen, 'to take a peep into the Black Forest as well.' 1. 3. wegen may either follow its case, as here, or precede it, as in the next line. I. 5. findet. Why is this verb at the end of the sent. ? 1. 6, di^ sich — unterscheiden, 'who differ n x marked way from, etc' 1. 8. von starken Gliedern, ' strong of limb ; ' lit. ' of strong limbs.' 1. ID. Morgens, adv. gen. of time, 'in the morning;' also des Morgens. How does the constr. show wh^< kind of pron. the word immediately preceding is? — von Jugend auf, 'from youth up;' auf is adv., taken in conj. with the prep. von. 1. 14. nicht nur . . ., auch. The conj. sondern, 'but,' is omitted. 1. 15. sondern sie sich, etc., 'they are distinguished from, etc' Parse sondern here. 1. 17. ab. To what does this part, belong .-• — Am schSnsten, ' most handsomely of all ;' superl. rel. form of the adv. This form is also used for the superl. of the predicative adj., especially when dif- ferent objects are compared, auf's schdnste is the superl. absol, form of the adv., ' in the finest manner possible.' 1. 18. des badischen Schwarzwaldes, 'of the Baden side of the Black Forest.' 1. 19. wie e/— gegeben ist, 'as^s- its natural growth on a man's (67) •'i.< What does it replace before preps. ? (See Gloss.) 1. 26. GlasmSnner. Substantives comi^ with -mann have the pi. -mXnner when they express individual ciaaracter, or occupations of men only. 1. 30. deren. Parse. P. 3, 1. 5. drei Schuh tiffem may l>e taken as a comp. adj., like 'a ten-foot-long pole.' Schuh, as masc. noun of measure, does not vary in the pi. 1. 6. sich die FUsze == ihre Filsze, lat. of refl. pron. and art., for the poss. adj. See note ♦lo p. i, 1. 19, a )ve. 1. 9. neuerur. Distinguish betw. the two sylls. -er. '. 10. hat man — k5nnen, 'has it been possible t(j disabuse them JVOTFJ,. 69 of, etc' kbnnen is here iufin. for partic. according to the rule for the comj)oiiiul lenses of niixiliary verhs of mood, which replace the partic. by theinfin. after a governed infin. P'or their peculiar constr., see App. I., § 1 5, I. 12. der Sage nach. nach sometimes follows its case, when it means 'according to,' as here. 1. 13. in diese — geteilt haben, ' have divided these different cos- tumes between them;' lit., 'have divided themselves among (into) these costumes;' hence in gov. ace. 1. 16. vierthalb, 'jj,' lit. 'the 4th a half,' i.e., a quantity com- posed of four parts, of which three are whole numbers, while the fourth one is only a half. Compare the Greek rplrop fifiitru, 2J, lit. 'the 3d a half.' So fUnftehalb = 4^, etc. — Fusz. See note to p. 3, 1. 5, above. 1. 19. Der Hollitnder Michel aber; the conj.aber very frequent- ly is not at the l^eginning of the sent, in Germ. 1. 20. i^mgeht, 'walks, haunts,' said of ghosts and other spirits. — soil . . . sein, ' is said to be.' So also below, 1. 29. (See Gloss., ♦soUen.') 1. 23. woUen versichem, 'pretend to assert;' this use of woUen corresponds to that of soUen noticed above. 1. 24. nicht . . . mdchten, * wouldn't care to.' See Gloss., ' mflgen.' 1 25. brauchen wUrde. Why is the auxil. after the infin. } i. 27. hinoinstehen. The part, bin is used generally only with verbs of motion, but is here used with stehen, as though it were equivalent to sich hineinstellen. 1. 28. wollten. Compare note to I. 23, above. I 30. Geschichte here = 'adventure,* which is quite in accord- ance with its derivation from geschehen, to happen, * what has hap- pened.' P. 4, 1. I. Munkin. The term, -in is used after family names, in married women's names, particularly in Southern Germany, with or without Frau. Compare p. 49, 1. 30, below, where the husband'^i sur- name is given. 1. 3. hielt . . , an, ' kept him (at work) at, etc' 1. 5. Hess es sich gefallen . . . zu sitzen, ' put up with sitting, was content to sit.' 1. 8. Meiler, 'charcoal-heap,' where the logs of wood, covered with turf to exclude air, are converted into charcoal. 1. 9. hinab. Obs. the unusual separation of the part, from its in- ,m 70 DAS hAl.TK IfEKZ. \-k I ;'|t i ft 1. 1 6. dat. '7- 1. 20. 1, 22. hii. When is a sep. pari, scpaialcd from the vcrli .' Atiswo . In Miniplc tenses and ])rinci|)al sentei\ies. 1. 13. stimmten . . . sein Herz zu Tritnen, etc., 'disposed (lit. attuned) hi.s heart to tears, etc' Why is the verb stimmten beforo its 8ubj. ? .See App. I., § 10, (ss., ' Stunde.' 1. 9. ja, 'nay.' Compare above, p. 7, 1. 25. 1. II. Man schlug auch . . . ungern, 'people, too, were very chary of chopping.' 1. 12. so hoch, etc., 'however tall and magnificent were the pines that grew there;' supply auch. 1. 14. den Holzhauern . . .d e Axte, 'the woodmen's axes,' dat. for gen. Compare above, p. i, \ 19, note. 1. 1 5. unJ in den Fusz gefa'iiren, ' and (slipped into and) cut their foot.' 1. 17. mit, adv., 'along with them.' 1. iS. auch hStte — kdnnen, 'and then the finest trees from that (liiartcr could only have been used for firewood.' Parse kSnnen (see note to p. 3, 1. 10). I. 20. nahmcn . . . auf, 'admitted.' 1. 23. mit, adv., 'among the rest.' 1. 26. Peter Munk, dat. after wurde es — Mut, ' Peter Munk felt quite a shudder.' 1. 29. diese dichte Tannennacht, 'the dense darkness of these pines.' 1 31. Kohlenmunkpeter, 'Peter Munk the Charcoal-burner.' P. 10, 1. 3. an Ort und Stelle, 'on the spot, as it stood.' 1. 5. wird wohl . . . wohnen, 'no doubt lives,' the fut. expressing l>idl)ability. ^!!i^^ 1^1 J* »r rl 74 DAS KAL TE f/EKZ. 1. 8. Wtinsche Abend, ' (I) wish you a very good evenhig.' Obs. omission of pron., and compare p. 7, 1. 31, note. 1. II. doch, 'after all.' 1. 19. es war ihm, 'he felt;' supply zu Mute. — als habe; the conj. ob being omitted, the verb (habe) immediately follows als. See App. I., § 17. 1. 20. wie man es beschrieben ; supply habe (or hatte). The auxil. verbs haben and sein are often omitted in dep. sents. 1. 22. so, /. c, as he had heard it described. 1. 24. so schnell . . . so schnell — verschwunden, * the Glassman had vanished again as quickly as he had peeped forth;' lit., 'as quick- ly as he had peeped forth, the Glassman, so quickly, etc' This con- struction of two propositions compared with each other is common in Germ. Obs. also the insertion of the subj. (das G.) after the verb, with the pron. e's before; a frequent colloquial usage. 1. 27. rief. Why is the subj. after the verb .'' — seid so g^tig und, etc., 'be kind enough not to make a fool of me.' This use of und after an adj. preceded by so is common. 1. 28. fUr'n = tUr einen. 1. 31. hinter dem Baum hervor, 'from behind the tree.' P. II, 1. 6. haben, 'catch, get hold of.' 1. 13. so konne er, 'to enable him to, etc,;' obs. the peculiar con- struction. 1. 14. er sann — her, ' he turned it over and over in his thoughts;' lit., ' he thought to and fro.' Schiottman compares Spenser, Faerie Qtieene : 'Thus when they had treated to and fro.' 1. 15. und fand nichts, 'and (could) hit upon nothing.' 1. 18. roUte, 'curled up.' 1. 21. bald . . . bald, ' at one time ... at another,' or ' now . . . again.' 1 27. Kohlenpeter, dat. or ace, gov. by the impers. verb graute. — es gehe — zu, 'that there was something uncanny about it.' Why is gehe subj. ? Account for the constr. (See App., § 18.) 1. 30. immer schwSrzer, ' blacker and blacker.' P. 12, 1. 2, und erst, als, etc., 'and it was only when, etc' See Gloss., erst. 1. 3. bald darauf, 'soon afterwards.' 1. II. der Hausvv^irt, in appoK. to sein Sohn. 1. 12. Sie nahmen . . . gut auf, 'they gave (Peter) a good recep- tion, treated him well.' 1. 20. Lichtspan, a chip used as torch or candle, being fed witi' AZOTES. ;5 icsin to keep the Hamc bright. — Jungen, 'buys;' in this sense al- ways decl. as weak subst., der Junge, ein Junge. 1. 24. 2U schnitzeln, 'with carving;' supply damit before be- schSftigt. 1. 27. SchlSge, 'crashes.' 1. 29, hinaus. What is the proper position of this word? 1. 30. furchtbar, adv. modifying schSne. — mit ansehen, 'take a look at.' P. 13, 1. I. Ich will Keinem raten, ' I wouldn't advise anybody.' 1. 3. der kommt — wieder, ' he will never come back again ; ' pres. fur fut. ]. 5. Flossgelenk. Rafts are usually separated into several divis- ions, called in Canada 'drams,' which are joined together in the lakes or smooth part of the rivers, and separated when running the rapids. 1. 6. sie mochten . . . gehSrt haben, 'they had doubtless heard;' mdgen often ex])resses probability. 1. 8. Ahni, South Germ, dimin. from Ahn, ' ancestor, grandfather.' — einmal — erzShlen, 'just for once to tell them a nice story about ihat fellow.' 1. II. hatte sprechen geh^rt, generally hdren, according to the analogy of auxil. verbs of mood. See note to p. 3, 1. 10, 1. 12. stimmte mit ein, 'joined in the request.' 1. 14. nach dem — dass, 'to judge from the fact that.' 1. 15. mUsst ihr, etc. Why is the verb before the subj..^" 1. 16. wohl, 'perhaps.' 1. 19. geht, 'runs.' 1. 22. seit. What part of speech here } 1. 24. johlen, 'shout, bawl.' 1. 25. fluchen, dass, etc., ' swear enough to frighten one,' or 'swear frightfully.' 1. 27. so sag' ich's, ' I would still say so.' 1. 28. schuld, as pred. adj., should come last, according to the strict laws of constr. 1. 29. Es lebte, 'there lived.' What is the real sul)j. of lebte? 1. 30. und drilber, 'and more.' P. 14, 1. I. gesegnet, 'successful;' lit. 'blessed.' 1. 2. Kommt eines Abends, etc., "One evening there comes a man, etc' The verb is here first in an ordinary assertive sent., a constr. sometimes found in colloquial Germ. ; supply es or da betore llie vcrl). m-M 76 nAS KALTE HERZ. 1. J. dergleichen — gesehen, 'whose like he had never before seen;' dergleichen is indecl., being really a conipd. word, composed of der, rel. pron., agreeing in the gen. pi. with the subst. gleichen, which form should properly always precede the noun, as : derglei- chen Wein, lit. ' wine of those kinds,' When following the noun, it should agree in gender and number with the latter, and we should therefore expect here : ein Mann, desgleichen, etc., 'a man, whose like.' The form here used is ungrammaticai, and only admissible as a colloquialism in the mouth of an uneducated person. 1. 4. der SchwarzwSlder Burschen, gen. pi. gov. by the demon- str. die understood. SchwarzwSlder, i.ideci. adj. in -er, really gen. pi. of the subst. Compare Hamburger Rindfleisch, ' Hamburg beef,' i.e., 'beef of the H-.mburghers.' 1. 5. einen guten Kopf hSher, 'fully a head taller;' ace. of measure. 1. 7. dass es — kdnne, 'that there could be such a giant.' Obs. the constr., and see Gloss., geben. 1. 9. der ihnj ansah, 'who could tell by his looks,' by looking at him. Obs. the difference in tense from the other verbs (bittet, etc.), which are in the pres. tense. 1. II. sie schlagen ein, 'they struck a bargain,' historical pres. for past; supply die HSnde. The clasping of hands is significant of the closing of a bargain. 1. 12. wie — gehabt, 'such as this timber-merchant had never ye! had.' — selbiger, 'the same, this,' for the common form derselbe. 1. 13. gait er fUr drei, 'he was equal to three (men).' — wenn Sechs — schleppten, ' while it took six men to carry one end (of ;; log).' schleppen, to drag a heavy weight with difficulty, as opposed to tragen, expressing the ease with which the giant carried the othei end. 1. 16. trat er . . . vor seinen Herrn, ' he came into his master's presence ; ' vor with ace, indicating direction towards. 1. 17. Hab' jetzt. See note to p. 7, 1. 31. 1. 20. auch 'mal, 'just for once;' 'mal = einmal. 1. 22. hinauswillst; supply gehen. Where should the verb be? 1. 25. kommt es — an, ' dexterity is what is required;' lit., 'it (all) depends on dexterity.' — es sei fUr diesmal, 'for this once let it be (as you wish).' 1. 28. Glaich, dial., = Gleich. See note to p. 13, 1. 5. Gleich = ge-leich, i.e.^ 'limbs, parts,' (coll. subst.,) is of the same etymology XO TES. 77 5 master s as iiie adj. gleich. As neut. noun of measure, is not declined in plural. 1. 29. Zimmerbalken, ' beams for building.' Zimmer corresponds <() Engl, 'timber,' in its original meaning as well as inform (Eng. / — Ger. z). Prop.=' rafters, joists,' for which large logs are necessary. 1. 31. so dick — sah, 'thicker and longer than any that had ever vet been seen.' P. 15, 1. 3. Alles, 'everybody;' see Gloss. ]. 4. weiss. Give the object. What is the usual place of the subj. ill a sent, like this ? Conjugate wissen, and dist. between it and kennen. — Dem Holzherrn — Herz, lit., 'the timber - merchant's heart laughed,' /'. e., 'leaped for joy.' 1. 7. fUr mich zum Fahren, 'for me to ride on;' zu here ex- presses purpose. 1. II. wie es — gab, 'such as there were not the likes of.' I. 13. Pfund, Fusz. Obs. the m. and n. nouns of measure, ac- cording to rule, with sing, form ; also the use of the perf. tense (hat versichert, etc.) for definite time. 1. 15. und hatte ... so staunten, correlative sents., the condition foil, by the consequence. So also below : machte . . . und batten ... St. sprang. 1. 23. stoszen, ' run aground.' 1. 25. Zug, 'push;' Eng. 'tug.' Compare Zimmer and 'timber ' above. — er. To what does the pron. refer .'' 1. 2b. eine gerade Stelle, 'a clear stretch.' P. 16, 1. 4. Ihr seid mir, etc., ' fine merchants you are indeed.' mir is what is called the ethical dat. Its use is best illustrated by the Shakespearean phrase quoted by Schlottmann : ' he steps me to her trencher.' It is generally left untransl. 1. 8. teuer, 'at a high price,' adv. 1. II. I5sen, ' make ' as profit. 1. 14. waren es zufrieden, 'were content (with this),' /. ^., to do so ; cs is an old gen., though zufrieden is now used with the ace. of prons. — weil sie — gezogen wSren, ' because they wanted to go,' lit. 'would like '.: have gone.' 1. 17. mahnte sie ab . . . auszusetzen, ' dissuaded them from ex- jjosing;' supply davon before ab, and compare note to p. 12, 1. 24, 1. 21. Sie fuhren auch, etc., 'and so they did go down.' 1 .if'i. mit schwercm Geld, 'at a high i)rice.' P. 17, 1. 12. zu finden, 'to be found.' The supine is often passive ill Uerni. m r » 78 DAS h'ALTE HERZ. 1. 13. treibt er — Wald, 'he haunts the forest.' The word Spuk is Americanized as spook in Pennsylvania, through the Germ, colo- nists there ; perhaps also from the Dutch in New York. 1. 16. auf Kosten, 'at the expense of.' Kostert is always pi. in this sense ; in sing, (die Kost) it means ' fare, food.' 1. 26. ich liesse, etc., ' I would order him to be mowed down (to the ground) with grape-shot. What is unusual in the constr. ? P. 18, 1. 3. fart, from fallen. 1. 6. init Mann und Maus, ' with every soul on board.' An allit- erative phrase, such as is common in Germ. ; as : Geld und Gut, Haus und Hof, etc. 1. 8. schreibt sich von ihm her, ' dates from him.' 1. 9. Einen, used for the missing ace. of the indef. pron. man. 1. 12. Ezechiel. The proper name, being preceded by the art,, remains undecl. . 1. 18. Peter Munk. What case, and why ? 1. 26. untereinander schUttelte, 'shook up (together).' P. 19, 1. I. bi;uinmte es, 'something (or, a voice) kept humming.' 1. 5. Um geringen Sold, ' for slight pay, ' i.e., service; um ex- pressing vixlue. 1. 7. Dann hSrte, etc., ' Then again he heard (a voice singing) into his right ear.' Obs. the ellipsis. 1. 12. Schlag zwSlf Uhr, 'on the stroke of 12 o'clock;' ace. of time. 1. 26. an den Reim auf stehen, ' of the rhyme for stehen^ 1. 29. tat ich stehen = ich stand. This use of tun as auxil. of tense is colloquial and dialectic in Germ., and generally has the form tat (indie, not subj.). 1. 32. Zum allerletztenmal, 'for the very last time (of all).' P. 20, 1. 6. was habt — gereimt, ' what was the rhyme you made on stehen just now ? ' 1. 7. die Liebe, 'the favour.' So: Einem etwas zu Liebe tun. 1. 9. Was ficht's dich an, ' What concern is it of yours.' 1. 17. walkten ihn derb, 'gave him a good thrashing.' See Gloss., * walken.' 1. 18. Hess, 'let go;' supply gehen. 1. 19. dein Teil, ' your share,' /. t'., your due. Why neut. } 1. 21. nimmer, ' never again,' = nie mehr, which is the original form; in this sense it is now usually nimmermehr. 1. 24. so ich habe, 'seeing that 1 have got my beating.' 1 j ;i' t iir-'iii f^ NO 7V':S. 79 1. 30. Also sehen, ' se/wn then,' — der arme Qeschlagene, 'the poor beaten fellow.' 1. 31, sehen auf stehen, * se/ien and ste/ien,' as rhymes. I P. 21, 1. 7. ja, ' to be sure,' 'you know.' 1. u. in die.H5he, 'in the air;' lit., 'on high.' 1. 12. cine Stange, ace. absolute; supply habend. A common idiom. 1. 13. hinter den Tannen hervor, 'forth from behind the pines. Compare p. 10, 1. 18. 1. 19. wohl einen Kopf, 'a full head;' ace. of measure. 1. 30. Landsmann. Give the pi., and dist. betw. Landsmann and Landmann. See Ciloss. P. 22, 1. 2. zurlick ; supply gehen. 1. 6. Nun — nicht, 'well, not quite exactly;' or: 'not exactly straight through.' 1. 7. es macht . . . warm, colloquial for es ist warm. Compare the P>. idiom, il fait beau, ' it is a fine day.' — es wird. The verb is in the indie, as though he were quoting the very words of his thought. 1. 12. betteln sehen; sehen has here the constr. of an auxil. of mood {e.g., kOnnen) in the ccirip. tense. See note to p. 3, 1. 10. - bei dem Kleinen, ' of the little cVap,' /. «?., the Glassman. 1. 16. der wird — froh, 'has no enjoyment of life.' 1. 18. (du) dauerst mich, ' I pity you ; ' lit., ' you move me to pity.' See Gloss. 1. 19. was anfangen kdnnte, 'might do (lit. begin) something;' was for etwas. 1. 20. soUst, 'must, are compelled or condemned to.' 1. 21. aus dem Armel schiitteln, lit. 'shake out of their sleeves,' /.('., 'fling about, spend freely.' 1. 22. ein par Sechser, 'a couple of twopenny-bits,' lit. ' pieces of 6 (Kreuzer).' 1. 26. mir soil's — ankommen, 'I won't be so very particular.' es kommt darauf an = 'it depends,' Fr. cela depend. 1. 29. Sag* einmdl, 'just tell me ; ' accent on the last syll. 1. 30. fUr's Erste, 'to begin with.' P. 23, 1. 4. es wurde ihm, etc., ' he turned hot and cold.' 1. 5. wie wenn = als ob. 1. 7. Es fielen. Account foi the sing, proii. with the pi. verb. See (Iloss., ' es.' ■ •»' ^' \ H •* rin I'i i i!: I 80 /KtS KALTE NEK/., 1. 10. SchUn' Dank, 'many thanks, thank you kindly ;' for schtt- nen, ace, gov. h* sage (ich) understood. 1. II. zu schaften, ' to do.' See Gloss. 1. 12. was cr konnte, 'as fast as h" could run.' 1. 14. neben ihm her, ' along by his side ; ' her indicates the n\o- Won along with Peter. 1. 18. hOre, etc., *just listen to a single word in reason.' Obs. the omission of the adj. term. 1. 19. meine Grenze, 'my limit,' beyond which he could not go. 1. 23. am Ende, 'at la.st.' — untir, 'amid, with.' 1. 25. setzte, 'leaped.' 1. 26. mit seiner Stange ausholte, ' drew back (or lifted) his pole ' to strike at him. 1. 27. nieder^chmettern, ' come down with a crash.' 1. 31. zu Peter heriiber, ' over to Peter's side.' P. 24, 1. 5. dass es — hielt, 'that what he held in his hand was an immense snake.' Obs. the use of was, referring to n. j)r()n. es as antec. 1. 6. geifernd, ' venomous.' ^ 1. 10. immer naher, ' nearer and nearer.' 1. II. rauschte . . ,. nieder, 'came swooping down.' 1. 27. ISsst dich — sehen, 'you show yourself only to children born on a Sunday.' sehen has pass, signification, but gov. the dat. 1. 29. so soil es so hingehen, ' we will let it pass.' P. 25, 1.5. was sonderbar, etc., 'what was a curious sight;' lit., 'curious to look at.' What is the antec. of was ? 1. 13. Du hast . . • begegnet. This verb is gen. conj. with sein. 1. 14. indem er — hUstelte, 'giving a queer little cough between each word.' hiisteln is dimin. of husten. 1. 21. ihr seid wohl, etc., ' I suppose you were . Capercailzie (or cock-of-the-woods) that killed the snake with a bite.' Herr is used as a title of compliment. Obs. the omission of the auxil. verb of tense, and see note to p. 10, 1. 20, above. 1. 22. da — schonstens, 'so I thank you most kindly;' superb ab- solute of adv. 1. 23. um mich — bei euch, 'to get some advice from you.' The constr. is peculiar here. Rats is partitive gen. ; mich erholen seems to be refli. tr. v. The verb is also found with the dat. of the person, which seems the only natural grammatical constr. 1. 24. es geht — hinderlich, 'I am getting on very poorly and slowly.' ■<3t, NO'/F.S. 8i 1. 25. bringt es nicht weit, ' can't rise veiy high.' 1. 26. dMchte ich, etc., 'I should at Ica.st (doch) think, that I might rise to something better;' lit., 'something better might come of me.' C'omp. : was ist aus ihm "frtworden? 'Whp' has become of him?' was = etwas. Comp. abov^,, p. 22, 1. 19. Account for the position of the verb after its subj. her.., see App. I., § lo(fl). 1. 29. wenn ich nur . . . nehme, *just take,' lit. 'if I only take,' as exauiples. I. 30. Geld wie Heu, ' plenty of money.' Comp. the Eng. phrase : 'cheap as dirt.' P. 26, 1. 3. diesen, ' these fellows.' — Waa haben sie davon, ' What good docs it do them.' 1. 4. dem Schein nach, 'to (all) appearance.' nach foil, its case, as it often does in the sense of ' according 10.' 1. 8. getri.ben, 'followed.' — Ich will nicht hoffen, dass es . . . ist, ' I shoul I nope it was not.' 1. 14. MUs'^iggang — Anfang, a common (lerm. jiroverb, Kngl. 'idleness is the root of all evil.' 1. 15. das kSnnt, etc., 'you ca'i't blame me for that;' lit., 'you can't take that amiss from me.' 1. 17. ist halt — Geringes, 'is really such a very insignificant creat- ure.' halt is S. Cierm.' dial, jjart., = freilici., schon, or, as here, ja, ' you know .' 1. 25. was gilt's, ' I'll wager ; ' lit., ' what is it worth V — a form of offering a wager. 1. 27. stUnde dir . . . an, ' is what you would like.' — Dienst, 'ofifice, situation.' 1. 31. das sich — weiss, 'that can manage to lind his way to me.' 'vissen often has the meaning of 'knowing ho\v," and hence of ability. P. 27, 1. 7. und also darf ich. This being a conditional sent, with wenn omitted, the verb should properly come fii.-X. P. 28, 1. I. dazutun, 'add (to it).' 1. 7. gesunden Menschenverstand, ' soum: common sense.' 1. 10. auch so, 'in spite of all this;' lit., ven so (as matters stand now).' 1. 13. nShrt — Meister, 'will support a man, as well as anything else (auch).' Allit. phrase. Comp. Mann und Maus, p. 18, 1. 6. — hattest du . . . dazu mitnehmen konnen, 'yon might have taken iilong with it.' dazu, mit, redmulancy. 1. 15. wohl, 'no doubt;' would have been sure to come of their own accord. iH ■■ K- 82 DAS AALTI'l IfERZ. m 1. i8, 19. ja, *yoii know.' 1. 21. Nichts da, 'nothing of the kind, — not at all.' 1. 22. wo = worin (1 to VcrlegetiJuit) or 'when.' wo sunictimes in this way expresses t ne rather than place, and replaces the Eng. • when ' with rel. force. 1. 27. d&tnit genug, ' and that's an end of it.' — komtn mir, etc. mir is ethical dat. Conip. note to p. 16, 1. 4, above. 1. 29. So hab ich's gehalten, 'thi:> has been my custom.' P. 29, 1. I. Unterwald. 'the Lower Forest.' 1. 5. mit Rat und Tat, 'with word and deed; ' one of tho.se rhym- ing phrases which are as common in Germ, as alliterative ones, as Klang und Sang, etc. — an die Hand gehen, ' assist.' 1. 9. *8 hat noch, etc., ' it never yet did any man any good for any length of time (in the long run).' 1. 12. Beinglas, 'alabaster-glass;' glass made opaque by an ad- mixture of bones. 1. 20. nach — roch, 'smelt like genuine Dutch tobacco.' nach is used similarly with other verbs of sense ; as : es sieht danach aus, 'it looks like it ; ' ea schmeckt nach ZwAiebeln, ' it tastes like (or of) onions.' 1. 24. sehr in Sorgen, 'in a great state of anxiety.' — glaubte nicht anders, als, etc., 'was quite sure that; ' lit., ' believed not other- wise than that.' i.orup. Grimm, '■Sneewittchen^ p. 51, 1. 22: dachte nicht anders, a^^;;, w \c. 1. 25. rum FJojlatCTi ausgehoben, 'enlisted as a soldier.' 1. 31. schon— 'Jah-en, 'for the las* 30 years.' P. 30, 1. I. wohnte, 'had been living;' impf. for plupf. 1. 3. sobald ; supply wie, which is seldom expressed after an adj. or adv. prec. by so. 1. 7. bin ich — Bete, 'I am at least something better (lit. other, different) than neighbour Madge or Betty,' /. e., than common. Grete (dim. Gretchen) for Margarete ; Bete for Elisabet. Compare the Eng. expression: 'Tom, Dick, or Harry.' 1. 8. setze mich, pres. for fut. 1. 9. vornehin, etc., 'in the front (pews) of the church.' — rechte Leute, ' people of some account, respectable people.' 1. 10. wurde . . . Handels einig, 'struck a bargain;' lit., 'became agreed to (of) a trade.' Handels, gen. gov. by einig. 80 we read in Grimm, '■SnceT.oittchen^ p. 54, 1. i : des Kaufs einig. 1. 13. Anfangs, 'at first,' adv. gen. of time. ' i/j:: XO TF.S. 83 1. 16. die HUnde — gesteckt, 'his haiuU stuck in his pockets,' ace. abs. Compare p. 21, I. 12, and note. 1. 17. sprach dies und jenes, * made an occasional remark.' 1. 19. das Glas — sehen, * to see the glass-Mowing.' blasen is inf. with pass, force aftt • sehen. Compare lassen, in Gloss. 1. 20. machte — Arbeit, 'he set to work.' 1. 22. war — entleidet, ' he was tired of work.' 1. 25. alle zwei Tage, 'every second day-'- die Woche nur efn- leil. article is used in vei Taler die Elle, ; Dance, he was malf ' only once a week.' After numeral<- Germ. where we use in Eng. the indcf. 'two dollars a yard.' 1. 29. und wer, etc., ' and (as for) the already hopping about on the dancing-flooi P. 31, 1. 2. fuhr ... in die Tasche, 'put his ha ids in his pocket.' See above, p. 5, 1. 12, note. 1. 5. Auch in — drUckte es, ' in his legs, too, there was (he felt) a twitching and itching.' 1. 9. und sprang — Beine, ' and when he jumped three foot high, Peter leaped four, and when the other took curious and elegant steps, Peter twisted and turned his legs.' Obs. the use of so to introduce the princ. sents., after conditional sents. with conjunc. (wenn) omitted. 1. 21. ein gemachter Mann, 'a made man,' /. e., a man who has made his fortune, a successful man. 1. 22. Verspielte er, etc., 'Why (doch), on the very same evening, etc.* With the part, doch, the verb frequently occurs at the begin- ning of the sent., when a special emphasis is intended. 1. 27. vor here indicates the cause. 1. 29. wusste er doch, 'for indeed he knew, for he well knew.' 1. 31. wurden . . . zu Schanden, 'were put to shame, outshone.' P. 32, 1. 2. fUhrte, etc., ' now went by the name oi the Emperor of the Dance ; ' the titl of Emperor being of higher dignity than that of King. TanzbodenkSnig may be rendered ' top-dancer,' Tanz- kaiser * tip-top-dancer,' so as to retain this idea of relative excellence. 1. 6. Das verhielt, etc., ' now this agreed exactly with what he had demanded, etc' 1. 14. brachte er es . . . weiter, ' he became a greater adept ' 1. 24. Er wusste, etc., ' At last he didn't know what to do with the heap of glass.' 1. 25. Menge Glas ; the noun of measure and the thing measured in apposition, according to rule. See above, p. 5, 1. 4, note. % IMAGE EVALUATION TEST TARGET (MT-3) // ^^ .>^fe. 1.0 I.I |45 |28 ■ 50 "^" mm ^ m It t*o 2.5 2.2 2.0 1.8 1-25 1 1.4 1.6 ^= II == ^^ < » V] A '/ -<^ fliotographic Sciences Corporation 23 WEST MAIN STREET WEBSTER, N.Y. 14580 (716) 872-4503 ,.v :^" ^ .v^ y. i^o t' 84 DAS A'AL TE HRRZ. A' \\ P' 33» 1- 3- I^* geriet, etc., ' then he worked himself (got) into (a state of) anger and rage.' ;/: I..4. vermasz — teuer, ' protested by all that was sacred.' 1 1. 10. wann, ' when ;' rel. adv. in dep. question. - ^ w 1. II. pfSndet, 'distrains,' 'evicts;' to seize upon property as a pledge (Pfand) or security for the payment of a debt. 1. 13. So? 'Say you so?' 1. 16. Wer hiess dich auch, etc., 'Well (auch), who bade you, etc' — Ein Olasmann. The pred. subj. here precedes for emphasis. 1. 21. Was Verstand, etc., 'What (do you mean by) sense and cleverness!' or, interjectionally, 'What I Sense, etc' This was is properly partitive, and in the older stage of the language was followed by a gen., as : was Verstands, 'what sort of sense.' 1. 29. barte Taler, 'dollars in hard cash.' P. 34, 1. 8. der, demonstr. for pers. pron. emphasized to distin- guish it from the art. 1. II. und war, etc, 'and a queer example in arithmetic it was.' I. 13. angefahren. Obs. the place of the partic, and its use after kommen. Why do«s the prep, an after it gov. ace "i 1. 17. Mit dem Reichtum — machen, 'With Ma/ sort of wealth one could do well enough,' ' That kind of wealth is all very well,' ironically said, dem is again demonstr. and emphatic. 1. 21. zum Auspfdbiden, 'before evicting him,' zu expressing purpose. 1. 25. Nur herein; supply komm. The sep. part, often occurs with the ellipsis of the imper. of the verb. Compare in Eng. : ' On ! ' ' up and at them ! * P« 35i !• I- hin und her, 'by turns.' See p. 5, 1. 14, and note. 1. 10. den Satz — Gulden, 'at five florins a stake;' ace of price. See also p. 30, 1. 25, note. — denn niederer, 'for at a lower figure it is after all (doch) but child's play.' niederer, compar. of adv. nieder, which is sometimes also used as adj. 1. 14. erst, omit in transl. ; the force is: 'before he knew how much he had.* 1. 15. Satz fUr Satz, 'one stake after another.' 1. 16. Warf er . . . gleich warf, etc, 'no sooner did he throw doublets, than Peter, etc. J ' lit., 'when he threw doublets, at once Peter, etc' Obs. the constr. 1. 17. Pasch, doublets or triplets, /. e., when two or three of the dice turn up with the same number of spots. — gleich, immediately, = sogleich. NOTES. 85 1. i8. zwei Augen htther, * two points higher.' Augen, the spots on the dice. 1. 20. auch den noch, 'this stake too;' supply Satz. dex^ is de- monstr. and emphatic. i \ 1. 27. Pasch, here plainly 'triplets,' for which the proper term is Jungfem-Pasch. Ezekiel threw three fives, and Peter three sixes. P. 36, 1. 19. air das. All is not generally foil, by the art. 1. 20. nach Hause gewUnscht, ' sent home by enchantment,' i.e., by some magic wishing-spell. 1. 26. er wolle — verbrenne, ' he hoped to live, he said, to see him burnt.' erleben, ' to live to see, experience.' so etwas habe ich noch nie erlebt, ' I never experienced such a thing.' P. 37, 1. 2. Mit dir ist's aus, ' It is all over with you." 1. 6. Da — verachtet, ' So now you see what is gained by despis- ing, etc' - _. - ,.■■;• 1. 8. cfnmal, ' just for once.* 1. 12. bin ich . . . zu sprechen, 'I am to be seen, I shall be at home (to visitors) ; ' lit., 'I am to be spoken,' supine with passive force. A doctor's office-hours are called his Sprechstunden. 1. 14. es kam ihm ein Grauen an, ' a (feeling of) horror came over him;' the impers. verb ankommen, in this sense of 'attacking, coming upon or over,' gov. dat. or ace. 1. 18. die — sieht, * whom nobody cares to see.' 1. 20. Petem, dat. The term, -n with prop, names, though largely falling into disuse, is still not unknown, particularly in colloq. speech ; so: Goethen, Schillem, etc. 1. 25. Und macht, etc., ' And just cut it short, be quick about it' P. 38, 1. 2. hat mir, etc. Why is the verb first ? 1. 4. zu, may be taken as prep, after its case, or as sep. part, with lief- . ' ; 1. 8. als halte. Explain the constr. 1. 1 5. Haben sie . . . woUen, ' Were they going to ? ' Parse wollen. 1. 19. Separatist. See Gloss. 1. 24. Handels einig. See note to p. 30, 1. 10, above. 1. 26. an ihn verhandeln, ' sell (to) hira.' Obs. the prep, with ace. P. 39, 1. 4. wie ein Kirchturm. wie properly should have the same case (here ace.) after as before. 1. 9. an den Fingem, ' by the fingers ; ' an here Is the instrument. 1. 21. ai'f detn Schwarzwald, generally in dem. auf is used of mountains, etc., and the lilack Forest partakes of this character. 86 DAS KALTE FIERZ. r \ ■|;l 1. 24. als dadurch, etc., ' except by appearing solitary,' by its soli- tary air. Obs. the Germ, equivalent for the Eng. partic. subst. gov. by a prep. 1. 30. Er gods ein, ' He filled up (the glasses),' lit. ' poured in (the wine).' einschenken is similarly used. P. 40, 1. 3. bekommend, 'beginning to feel.' 1. 5. Wenn du . . . hattest, 'When you had,' indie; wenn du hottest (subjunc), ' if you had.' 1. 10. dergleichen, indecl. adj.; supply Dinge or Sachen; the der is here demonstr. Compare note to p. 14, 1. 3, and Gloss. 1. 24. ja, 'well, tell me.' 1. 26. hottest . . . gehalten, for hottest halten kOnnen. — Segen, interjectional : ' Blessing I a fine blessing indeed.' P. 41, 1. 5. angewOhnen, dass, etc., 'accustom one's self to have it otherwise.' 1. 10. dagegen, 'to help yourself.' 1. II. wie gut — hast, 'how comfortable (happy) you will be then.' 1. 16. Herren Chirurgen. Compare p. 25, line 21, and note. P. 4a, 1. 2. Herzen von, etc. von replaces the gen., because the nouns following are partitive, and can therefore not have the def. art. 1. 9. befinden — ^haben, ' and feel quite comfortable at having this restless guest out of the house/ /'. ^., at having got rid of it. 1. 21. doch, 'surely.* • * 1. 24. ein guter Kirschengeist, ' a good (glass of) cherry-brandy.' 1. 27. abktlhlt) ' cools you off,' trans. ; supply Einen. 1. 29. pocht an, etc., 'will knock at (against) such a heart,' ue.^ will affect a heart of this sort. P. 43, 1. 3. an — genug, ' a 100,000 florins would be enough to be- gin with (fur's Erste);' lit., 'you would have enough with (an), etc' 1. 5. limtreibst, 'invest,' lit. 'drive around, circulate.' 1. 9. wir werden, etc., 'we shall soon have done with one another.' What is irregular in the constr. ? 1. II. die Unruh', 'the balance* of a watch, no doubt with an al- lusion here to the unruhigen Qast of p. 42, 1. 10; GehSuse, ' the case.' He compares his body to the case, his heart to the balance of a watch. 1. 15. noch eins, 'one more (glass).' ' ' 1. 21. siehe da', ' behold I ' 1. 31. ausgemacht, 'settled.' P. 44, 1. 7. nur, 'even.' S^ NOTES. 87 I 1. 15. mit den Hunderttausenden, 'with regard to the hundred thousand (florins),' . , ^ ^^ 1. 18. von aller Art, wie, etc., ' of whatever kind he could wish for.' P. 45, 1. 8. Langeweile. See Gloss. - hie und da, * now and then.* 1. 20. verzog . . . den Mund, 'screwed up his mouth,' curled his lips, lit. 'distorted his mouth.' — aber — mit, 'but as to his heart — that did not join in the smile.* The dash is often used in Germ. tu call attention to what follows; hence its name of 'Qedanken- strich.' 1. 26. herUber, across the Rhine, over to this, the home side. 1. 31. fUhlte ... an sein Herz, ' put his hand to his heart,' to feel for it. P. 46, 1. 4. ja, 'to be sure,' as he might have known. I. 9. dummes Zeug, 'stuff and nonsense.' 1. 16. gebt mirlieber, 'you had better give me.' 1. 18. einen dummen Streich machte, ' played (me) a silly trick.' 1. 27. Doch, ' however.' This and the following word form an in- terjection, which is not part of the sent. 1. 28. wohl, ' it is true.* 1.29. Setze dich (nieder), ' settle down.' P. 47, 1. I. schiebst . . . Alles, 'you put all (the blame).' 1. 3. was — betrSfe, ' as far as idleness was concerned.* Why is betrilfe subjunc. ? 1. 8. MSre, 'news,' hence dim. Milrchen, 'fairy-tale;' MShre, ' mare.' '.II. am Bettelstab, 'reduced to beggary.* 1. 12. in der Sonne, etc., 'kicked out of doors at the " Sim " tav- ern.' The " Sun" was the shield and name of the tavern ; compare Sonnenwirt, p. 34, 1. 24, above. 1. 20. zum Schein, 'for appearance' sake.' 1. 23. auf zehn Prozente, 'at 10 per cent, interest.' Obs. the ace. after auf, and the unusual plur. form of the noun of number. 1. 27. auf den Tag, 'to the very day.' Obs. the use of the ace. after auf. 1. 29. Schergen. See Gloss. V - P. 48, 1. I. die armen Ausgepfitndeten, ' the poor evicted creat- ures.' - ■ . • , 1. 8. hetzte (die Hunde an), 'set (his dogs on them).' 1. 9. Am ineisten, adv. modifying the verbal phrase Beschwerde machen. 88 DAS h'AL TF. f/ERZ. r \ hadn't troubled himself any Why is hatte I. 14. hatte nicht umgesehen, more about her ; ' also retl. '• 1. 15. Da — nun, * so she came.' 1. 17. Hinein ; supply zu gehen. 1. 21. htttte bereiten ktinnen. Explain the constr. not last in the dep. sent. ? See App. L, § 1 5. 1. 30. auf Erden. Weak ferns, in -e frequently, wheii gov. by a prep, and without art., have the term, -n, which they all had origi nally in the oblique cases of the sing., as well as in the pi. So: zu Qnaden. , P. 49, I. 3. Endlich kam, etc., 'at last the idea occurred to Peter.' 1. 6. schwierig, 'hard to please.' 1.9. schaute — dort, 'looked about him everywhere.' 1. 10. dMuchte. See Gloss. 1. 17. lasse — sehen, 'never showed herself, appeared.' Why are the verbs in this sent, in the subjunc. ? 1. 18. zu Plingsten, ' on Whitsunday.' zu expresses the relation of time with the great festivals of the year. — Kirchweih, the anni- versary of the dedication of the parish church; then, generally, 'a fair ; ' also Kirwe, Kirmess. 1. 25. Er besann, etc., ' nor was he long in making up his mind.' I. 30. Frau Peter Munkin ; the husband's Christian name is here given to the wife ; compare Eng. : Mrs. John Smith. ^ < 1. 31. Aber es wiirde, etc., 'but the poor girl did not fare so well.' P. 50, 1. I. Hauswesen, 'domestic affairs.' 1. 2. konnte — machen, 'couldn't manage to please Master Peter.' 1. 6. einen Schnaps, 'a (glass of) grog.' 1. II. was = etwas. 1. 14. Noch einmal, etc., 'let (me) catch you once more, and you shall feel (the weight of) my hand.' 1. 20. hausen = wohnen. 1. 23. wohl nicht, ' hardly.' ' 1. 25. hub — an, ' began his tale.' 1. 31. es hiess, 'it was said, people said.' P. 51, 1. 4. sch0n. See App. II., Remark i. — ausgerif ten war, ' had gone for a ride. ' Obs. the position of the verb. 1. s- Da kommt — daher, ' then there came along that way a little old man;' the pres. for impf., often used in animated narrative. 1. 6. das trSgt, 'carrying.' A rel. sent, is often replaced by the Eng. part. self any ■\ ■ r is hSltte gov. by a had origi , So: zu i to Peter.' Why are he relation a, the anni- jnerally, 'a lis mind.' ime is here ire so well.' ster Peter.' re, and you NOTES. 89 ritten war, Iway a little lative. Iced by the 1. 9. sollte man, etc., 'ought not to have been so heavily laden.' 1. II. keuchte und wankte . . . herin, ' came up panting and tot tering.' 1. 12. gegenilber von. This prep, is also used with the dat. pre- ceding it. 1. 14. und reichet. Compare p. 10, 1. 27 : seid so gUti|f und haltet, etc. 1. 17. so schwer tragen, ' carry such a heavy load.' 1. 19. Boten gehen, 'go errands;' a sort of compound verb, like Schildwache stehen (Schlotttnann), 'to stand sentry.' Compare Eng. 'sentry go.' ''""''' ' 1. 22. wie wohl, etc., ' how pleasant (is), etc. ; ' supply tut. 1. 29. ja, ' as she knew.' P. 5a, 1. 3. mag — frommen, ' will no doubt do you more good; ' mOgen expressing probability. 1. II. wftren, subjunc. after the partitive wenige; so in Fr. : feu de gens qui soient (Schl.). 1. 1 5. 2ur Stelle, * on the spot, immediately.' Compare Fr. sur te champ ; and see below, auf der Stelle, with the same meaning. 1. 25. vor die schttne Stime, 'on her beautiful brow.' So: sich vor den Kopf schiessen, ' to shoot one's self through the head.' P' 53> ^- 5- ^s ^^^ — mUssen, ' no doubt it was fated to turn out so.' Parse mUssen. 1. II. HUlle, 'body,' lit. 'covering, veil;' compare Eng. ' hull ' of a ship. 1. 23. soUen . . . gewesen sein, 'are reported to have been;' see p. 3, 1. 20, note. 1. 27. schUtzte ihn nicht, dass nicht, etc., 'didn't prevent his limbs from trembling.' Verbs of forbidding, defending, etc., which themselves contain a neg. idea, are often followed by a neg. in Germ. 1. 31. dass here expresses consequence. , ,. P. 54, 1. 8. fShrst bin, ' will depart, die ;' pres. for fut. .' 1.27. belastet, ' guilt-laden,' = schuldbelastet. ., ,. P- 55» 1- 3- nicht einm^, ' not even.' 1. 6. einem Andem Frage stehen, ' answer to another Being.' Rede stehen is the more usual expression. ^ ^ ».;,:. 1. ID. an, ' at the sound of ;* the prep, here indicates fa«j^. 1. II. schaff dir, ' get yourself ; ' schaffen (weak) for verschaffen. See Gloss. 1 I iii 90 DAS h'AI. TE //F.N/. isi 1. 13. der Stimtne nach, 'to judge from the voice' nach fre- quently follows its nou:i in this sense. 1. 18. dies und jenes, ' of one thing and another.' 1. 21. den Dicken, 'the big man,' Kzekiel. \ 1. 22. nachher, in the next world, after death. \. 25. auf, for hinauf. Obs. the position of the particles. 1. 31. sah ihn . . . schrecklich an, 'gave him a terrible look.' P. 56, 1. 9. Pocht ; supply das or es. The omission of the i)ron. is less frequent in the 3cl pers. than in the 2d, but occurs, as here, in immediate rejoinders. 1. 14. Hast ja, ' have you not.' — vollauf zu leben, 'plenty to live on.' ...'.....i'...;:: ■• -, ,.,„. . •_.-, - ,-...,,'. • / ■. 1. 15. damit genug, 'and that's enough (for you).' . ^; ,. j , J 1. 18. doch, ' in spite of all.' 1. 26. wie schwer, etc., '(to find out) how grievous sins they ha,d committed.' . « P. 57, 1. 9. Wohin mag, etc., ' I wonder where she can have gone 1. 10. hattd getrieben, ' he had gone on in this way.' .4„.-iv; 1. C4. Nun ja, ' Well then ! ' / P. 58, 1. 12. doch, ' but then, you know.' ...... ...... 1. 14. doch here begins the sentence, and throws the subject after the verb. . , 1. 15. wohlan, 'go on;' an expression of encouragement. 1. 31. schwer halten, 'be a difficult matter; ' halten = se:n. P- 59» '• 5- Am Leben . . . schaden, 'do bodily harm;' an indi- cating the /«r/ affected. Compare an den Fingem, p. 39, 1. 9. 1. 16. hat . . . gebracht, 'gave away.' ' 1. 18. es wird LSrm machen, ' there will be a great noise made about it.' 1. 20. wohl, 'no doubt,' 'I suppose.' ,. „...£..,„ ! ' 1. 27. ein loser Vogel, 'a wanton wag;' lit., a loose bird. Com- pare Eng. : 'a queer bird,' i.e., creature, fellow. — dass du^ich hMtte, ' to have made me believe (by lying), that I had, etc' P. 60, 1. 6. Du bist — kSnnte, ' you are not the man, to be able (who could), etc. The part, dazu would naturally be followed by an infin. clause, or one introduced by dass, not by a rel. clause ; kfinnte is conditional, after the rel. preceded by a neg. Compare the Fr. : Vous n*ites pas Vhomme qui pourricz {Sclil-). 1. 8. da, 'for then,' to be able to do that. \ : I » NOTES. 91 [at noise made 1. II. die es — gehalten (haben), 'who have sided with me,' been my followers. 1. 15. Ei, wie, etc., ' Ah, how glibly lies come from your tongue I ' 1. 16. Das mach' du, etc., 'Try to make somebody else believe that.' See Gloss., weismachen. 1. 18. zu Dutzenden, ' by the dozen ; ' zu with num. indicates repetition. — Aus Wachs nachgeahmt, ' imitated in wax,' wax imi- tations. Obs. the partic. before the verb. 1. 27. doch, 'still,' in spite of all you say. P. 61, 1. II. HKtt' ich — geglaubt, 'Why, I never should have thought.' The part, doch frequently causes the verb to come first in a princ. sent.; see p. 31, line 22, note. 1. 13. Nicht wahc, * is it not so ? ' (I can do it), can't I ? This is a very common form for asking assent to a proposition made, as : Es ist sehr heiss, nicht wahr ? ' It's very hot, isn't it } ' nicht is often used alone interrogatively in the same way. _ L ,, . 1. i6. Oemach, 'gently, softly, not so fast.' 1. 18. Mit Speck, etc., ' with bacon one catches mice.' Compare the Eng. phrase : ' You can't catch an old bird with chaff.' 1. 20. was — beifiel, 'whatever he could think of,' lit. 'occurred to him.' P. 6a, 1. I. zog auf , ' was approaching.' 1. II. Auswurf der Menschen, 'scum (refuse) of mankind.' 1. 16. zuvor, ' on the last occasion.' , 1. 29. verderbt ; the trans, verb is weak or strong, the intrans. strong only. 1. 31. vers5hnt, 'makes atonement.' P. 63, 1. I. so kdnnt9, etc., ' I could no doubt, or perhaps (schon), still do something for you.' 1. 5. mein Lebtag, ' as long as I live.' 1. 6. so allein, ' alone as I am. ' 1. 8. unter den Boden gebracht, 'driven her into her grave,' lit. * under the ground.' — ich Ungeheuer, ' monster that I am.' 1. 15. steckte es ein, 'put it in (his pocket).' 1. 21. Jetzt wird er kommen, ' now I suppose he is coming;' fut. expressing probability. Compare note to p. 10, 1. 5. 1. 23. Parse sich. P. 64, 1. 22. ist mir viel heimlicher, ' I feel much more at home.' I 92 HAS KAr.TE ffF.RZ. r ' \ 1. 23. mit — Oesinde, 'with its numerous servants;' vi^l here ex- presses number^ and is therefore decl. P. 65, 1. I. genas, 'was delivered of.' 1. 4. htfrt thich doch, ' pray hear me ; ' doch is used with the im- per. to add emphasis. 1. 5. zu Oevatter— SOhnlein, ' invite you to be godfather to my little son ; ' su again expressing purpose. 1. 10. doch, ' in spite of (my request).' v !H*f 1. 22. noch ; omit in transl. -^ '•■-I ..■r "f ■ ^1- 1' \- _i ''''nj-. -,< ••'.■;,• ec - • 1'? ja4 i'""'V ..>!'.i>"^^ , .r y .v:>n!t ^;>/' -'o. '■'.;' :-^"o .-•■' i;j'/j" ,-> jj ■ ,4.' ■.iic, trJ'rf X.\ A ' ■ ■'-■."■;■?' <''vi<'i''7 .■.■■•-■■ i'.'V.'i . .iji-i '• : v^ ;■ 'iUoivi ^'^^i^' {''^i'^i .^'^I'^'v. ■i . 'V /; ■V^.';,^i 5 d) i n c r. 1,'."li- . •:<'f|^; ■• * Jf Vi r'.i' ■* ; ■; : .>;:> /i, jir?!*' :' ^VvJ , ..);>;'.?'"•-:: >■! 1 ■ ,/i:i\ -^^ ; !- r« '', >■ ■ -..ViCrV ^ 10 15 20 9et ttiiit0 ttnilr bem 0llfVitl|iiiitmer. ©in frommer ^nec^t iuar griboUn, : Unb ill ber gurrf)t bcig $errii (Srgcficn bcr ©ebictcrin, 2)er ©riifiii Don @dt)ern'. @ie luar |o fanft, fie war fo gut, ^oc^ aucl) ber Saunen flbermut .f>att' er geeifert ^n erfiillen, aWit greubigfeit, um ©ottei^miaen. grill) t)un beg ^ages erftem @d^ein, ©i^ fpfit bie SSeSper MI119, • Sebt' er nur i^rem 3)ienft aHein, . ^at nimmcr fic§ genug. Unb fprac^ bie ^ame : „Wa(i) bir'g leic^t !" 2)a njurb' it)m gieic^ bas; 5tuge feuc^t, Unb meinte, feiner $f(id)t jn fe^ten, ^urft' er fic^ nic^t im 5)ienfte qiiaien. ^rnm uor bent ganjen ©ienertrog ^ie C%dfin it)n er^ob, %\b} i^rem fc^finen SWunbe flojj Scin nnerfc^6|)ftc^ Sob. .JfUTiVV n\i7fli'7l '!■...' (93) "i'' ,' t\ '!i • li 94 ' \^ , ^djillfr, Sic ^iclt it)n nic^t alt) it)rcn ^md^t, '' ' (Sfii gnb jcin .f)crj it)m ^inbe^rcc^t, 3t)r flarcisi 9(ugc mit 9.^crgniigcn ^icnfl nil ben n)ut)lflcftaltcn 3"9f"' A< - ■ f -■ 'i -'^U^, /! ■ *\ J «S ^arob cntbrcnut in JWobcrt^ iBrnft, ' ^c« SagcriJ, flift'flcr %ol(, 4 3)em Iftnflft Don bOjcr ©rfiabcnluft Die fcf)tt)ar^e @ee(c frf)njofl. Unb trot jum ®rafen, rnfc^ jur Zat, 30' Unb offcrt bc^ S8erfat)rer^ 9kt, ;^,: ?(lisi einft tjom Sagcn l)cim fie famen, (Streuf il)m inS ^erj be^ ^(rgnjot)n«l Sumcn „^ic fcib it)r gliicflic^. eblcr C%af/' |)ub cr i)oU ^Irglift on, - , 35 ffSuc^ raubet nic^t ben flolbnen ©c^laf De5 3iueife(§ gift'ger 3tit)n ; ^r r 2)enn it)r befi^t ein eble^ Seib, @i^ giirtct ©c()am ben (eufd)en iJeib, '^k fromme ^veue jn beriidcn 40 3Sirb ninimer bcm 3^erfuc!^er gUicfen." Da roHt ber ®raf bie finftern ^rau'n : „5»a§ rcb'ft bu mir, ®efea ? ,, . . SBerb' icf) auf SScibe^tugenb bau'n, ©enjegtic^ njie bie aSeH' ? ^ , , . 45 fieidjt locfet fit be^ 8(()mcid)(er^ SWunb, ajJcin (SJlaubc ftel)t auf fcfterm ®vunb, fi ■it r !j i jlD f r (^ n u fl II n d) b r in (S t j nt I) a in iii t r. « ■vk > , V men , ' ia^ entmenfd)te $ar Wit rot)er §enfergluft. , ,,,'v: 2)enn fut)tto!§ toie bag Sifen n)ar a j^^- ^ag §erj in i^rer S3ruft. !■ m/ Unb frifc^er mit ber 95dlge §auci^ ;i @r()i^en fie beg Ofeng S3au(§, ,.„^-r u • Unb fd)tden fid^ mit 5}?orbl)er(angett 2)ag ^obegopfer 5U empfangen. j .;] ^rauf 9lo6ert jum ©efeHen fprid)t , > 9[Kit falfci^em $eu(i^el}cf)ein:Kjtf i,ir?'v,i^,^ „grifd) ouf, ®efeU, unb faume uid)t, ^er §err begej^ret bein." ^er §err, ber f priest ju gribotin : > J „9Ku§t g(eic§ gum @i{enl)ommer ^in, ,:- Unb frage mir bie itncd^te borten, Ob fie getan nac^ meinen SBorten ?" -, Unb jener fpric^t : „(£g foK gefd)c^rt !" Unb maci^t fic^ flugg bereit. ^od) finnenb bicibt cr pU>tUid) ftc()n; „0b fie mir ntdjtg gebcut?" ^^■. v,>'- 98 aTaaf bit 3)oinc ^on ©atjern' -^ ''^'' ■^' SSerfc^t mit fanftem ^on : „Xk I)eirgc SWeffe ^5rt' irf| gern," ; [ 2)oc5 (iegt mir !ran! ber @o()n ! @o ge()e bcmt, mein ^inb, unb fpridj Sn 5lnbad)t ein ®e(iet f iir mic^, Unb benfft hn reuig beincr 6unben, « i I J / 5 i , „^em ticben ®otte )uei^'nic()t aug, ginb'ft bu il)n auf bem 5lBcg !" — @r fprid^t'g unb tri't insg ®otte§t)au^, ^ein 2ant ift ^ier noc^ rcg'. !^enu urn bie ©rnte tuar'^, unb l)eift ' 3m gclbe qM)V ber ©c^nittcr gtcig, ■/ %. ^1 i|' '.f !Dcr ®ajtfl na^ bent Glfntfcf nttner. 2)ie SJ^effe funbig jit bebiencn. 99 '.fr ^ ' (Sntfcf)(offcn ift er a(fo6atb, Unb ntoc^ ben (Sacriftan. .55 „3)a§," fpri^ er, „ift!etn 9Sa§ fOrbert l)immelan." .•."',:* ^ie Stota unb bag ©ingutum §angt er bent $riefter bienenb urn, ^creitet t)urtig bie ©efSfee, 160 ®cf)ei(iget jum ^ienft ber Sfieffc. ji i'-.' o;:?/ 165 Unb a\^ er bie§ mtt gleig getan, Slritt er atg SUaniftrant '"'" ^ '"'' S)ein ^riefter jum ?l(tar uoran, ^aiS 9)?e6bucf) in ber §anb, Unb fnieet recf)tg unb !nieet linfs, Unb ift gert)drtig jebc^ SSinf^, Unb al§ beg @ a n c t u g SSorte famcn, ^a fc^eflt cr breimal bei bent 9?amcn. 'i\\\ ^■ik ■'9} ^rauf tt(g ber ^riefter fromm fic^ neigt 170 Unb, 511m 5Utar gctuaiibt, ^cn ®ott, ben gegeniucirt'gen, jcigt ^n l)od)ert)Qt)ner |)anb, ^a tiinbet eg ber ©acriftan 9J?it f)e(Icm @(5(f(ein llingenb an, 1:5 Unb ^nieg fniet unb fcftldgt bie 53rn|te, @ic^ fromm bctreujenb nor bcm Slirifte. /■ ' ^.^21^ ':,' ■.if' W M IQO ^ @d)lltcr. ^*r, ^"^ "t't <^^ Scbc^ pi'utftlid) ttu^ . . ' 9Kit frf)nell geiuanbtcm ©inn, I SBa5 ©rauc^ ift in bem ®ottc«l)an!S, i8o (Sr l)ot c« Mc« inn', Unb .n)irb nirf)t miibe bi^ jum Sc^Iufj, 93i^ bcim SSobi^cum 2)ominug '' \ 2)cr ^vicftcr jur ®cmein' ]\6) luenbet, 2)ie (icirge $anb(ung fegnenb enbet. '■ -', ' " • v ■'^- .■ •.-'., ..S, 185 %a fteUt er Sebeg njieberum Sn Drbnung fauberticf), @rft reinigt ev bod |)eiligtum, Unb bann entfernt er ficj), Ui^b eilt in bei8 ©eroiffend 9lul)' 190 ^en @ifent)ntten t)eiter ju, ©priest untemegg, bie ^a\)i 5U fiitfcn 3^*Jlf ^aternofter nod^ im ©tiltcn. Unb atd er rauc^en fie^t ben ©c^lot, Unb fiet)t bie Slned^te ftelin, 195 3)a riift er : „3Bad bcr @rof gebot, %\)x $tnerf)te, ift'd gefc^et)n ?" ^, , Unb grinfenb ^erren fie ben SD'Junb Unb beuten in bed Ofend ©d^tunb : „S)er ift beforgt nnb anfge^oben, 200 J)er ©raf tuirb feine Wiener lobcn." ^ I)ie ^(ntiuort Oringt cr fcinom .S^x'vrn ^n fd)ncHcm iianf ^uviicf. , . . . , r ' fU .Vt ),!":<;-. V . ^.' 205 ?)cr ©aiifl nad) bem eiient)ommer. 5((fii bcr il;n fommcu ficl)t Don font, Slaum traut cr feinem f&iid : „Un9lucf(irf)cr ! tuo fommft bu ^cr ?" — „9Som @ifcn()ammcr." — „9'2immermel)v ! @o I)aft bu bic^ im Sauf tocrfpatet ?" „|)err, ttur fo lang, bt« icf) gebetet. lOI 2IO 215 „^enn atg bon eurem 5lngefi(f)t ^c^ t)eute gicng, Der^cifit ! ^a fragt' ic^ erft, nac^ meiner ^ftic^t, SBci ber, bie mir gcbeut. 5)ie 9Reffe, §evr, befat)t fie mir 3u f)5ren ; gem ge^ord^t' ic^ \i)x, ■■ Unb fprad^ ber Sfiofenfrdnje biere giir euer §eil unb fiir \>a^ xf)xc." 220 ^n tiefe^ (Staunen finfet ^ier ^er ®raf , entf e^et fic§ : „Unb njetd^e ^Inttuort ftjurbe bir ?(m (Sifen^ammer ? fprid) !" — „§err, bunfet luor ber 9lebe @inn, 3um Of en tuieg man tad^enb^in: !5)er ift beforgt unb aufge^oben, ^er @raf njirb feine Wiener loben." 225 „Unb 9to6ert ?" faOt ber ®raf if)m ein, (£g uberltiuft it)n !att, „(SoHt' er bir nic^t begegnet fein ? ^cf) fanbt' i^n bo^ sum 328alb !" — 1 ; : ! i 1 02 BdtiHicv. 230 23s 240 „.^-)crr, ni(f|t im ^aih, \nd)i In bcr Shir . gaiib ic^ t)on 9?o()crt cine ©pur" — ;9?un," ruft bcr ®vaf unb ftel)t ocrnicfjtet, „(^ott feUift im ^immel l)ot gedrfitet !" i Unb giitig, mic er nie gcpffcgt, i^^"- ' 0Jimmt cr bc« ^icncr^ |)nnb, * < • Sringt \\)n ber ©attin, ticfbemcgt, ' .- ^ie ntc^tS bat)on Derftanb : ^ „2)ieg a^inb, fcin ©nget ift fo rein, i Safefg cuver §utb empfoi)(en fcin ! -'■' 9Sie fc^Hmm n)ir audi beraten marcn, Wit bcm ift ®ott unb fcine 8cf)arcn/ J-., //: '': V '■ 1! I i! i i./fi' DER GANG NACH DEM EISENHAMMER. ,jcw-' , ; ' I ^i) .' *:: NOTES The source from which Schiller drew thjs Ballad was an old French story dating from the 13th century. It consists of eight line stanzas, the first four lines of each rhyming alternately, the last four in couplets. The verses consist of eight syllables, except the last two, which have nine, with disyllabic rhyme. ' ' ' '' ' ' ; . ■ The reader will observe that in this Ballad, as in all poetic diction, the construction of sentences is far from rigidly following the rules laid down in the Appendix; with regard, however, to the cardinal point of the sentence, viz., the verb containing the assertion, the deviations are of very rare occurrence. Line 2. In der — ergeben, ' devoted in the fear of the Lord,' i. e., religiously, as a duty. Where would the part, be placed in prose ? — 1. 4. Sav6m', the German Zabern, in Alsace. Sch. uses the French form. In 1. 47, below, it is trisyllabic. — 1. 6. der Launen Uber- mut, ' the extravagance of caprice ' = ' extravagant caprice.' Com- pare Sch., 'Taucher,' 1. 10, *der Charybde Geheul' (= * die heulende Charybdis'''). The meaning is, that Fridolin would have striven, without hope of reward, and from a sense of religious duty, (the phrase um Gotteswillen includes both these ideas,) to fulfil the be- hests of his mistress, had she been extravagantly capricious, instead of • gentle and good ' (1. 5). 1. 10. die Vesper, the hour of evening-prayer, and the end of the day's work. — 1. 12, ' Never could rest satisfied,' lit, ' never satisfied himself that his duty was done. — 1. 13. sprach. Why before the subject? — mach' dir's leicht, 'toil not so;' lit., ' make it easy for thyself.' Compare Eng. 'take it easy.' — 1. 14. ihm . . . das Auge = sein Auge. Obs. use of dat. pers. pron. foil, by def. art. to replace (103) I04 DEN GANG NACH DEM EISEXHAMMEK. I the puss, adj., cumnion in (icrni. with parts of the body, dress, etc. I. 15. Pflicht, gen. after fehlen, as a verb of want ; others parse as dat. — 1. 16. ' If he was not allowed to toil (lit., torment himself) in her service;' '■ ''-"''-"-' „■!"■ .••>■'■-'■* V\-/ -i^'r :-'/ , -■ \ 1. 18. - erhob, as occurring in a princ. sent., should properly fol- low drum. The verb hieng is similarly out of its proper place, in 1. 24, below, vor, 1. 17, 'before,' either, = 'in preference to 'or 'in presence of.' — 1. 19. floss -Lob, 'his praises flowed unceasingly;' lit., ' his unexhausted praise, etc' — 1. 22. Bs gab. The es here rep- resents the real subj. (Herz) before the verb. See Gloss, under es. 1. 26. Des Jitgers, in apposition to Roberts ; in prose it would im- mediately follow that word. — 1. 27. Dem . . . die Seele, 'whose soul ;' compare note to 1. 14, above. — 1. 29. rasch, like offen in 1. 30, is pred. of Grafen ; the full constr. would require a rel. sent., ' (who was) rash of act.' — 1. 30. Rat. Parse. — 1. 32. Streut'. Obs. the omission of the conjunction. 1. 35. den goldnen Schlaf, 'your precious sleep;' golden is often used in this sense, as adj. denoting excellence. — 1. 38. Bs gUrtet, etc. ; see no t^to 22, above. II:. i 1. 41. rollt, ' knits, contracts. ' — 1. 43. Werd' ich, etc., ' (Think'st thou) I would build (rest my faith upon), etc' — 1. 44. beweglich, as in 1. 29, pred. adj. referring to Weibertugend ; usually a pred. adj. refers to the subject of a preceding sent. — 1. 45. sie refers to Weibertugend; but transl. 'them,' as though referring to Weiber, implied in this word. — locket = verlocket, ' allures, leads astray, seduces.' 1. 49. So denkt, etc., 'You say well;' lit., 'so you think right;' this way of thinking meets the villain's approval. — 1. 52. Bin sol- ches, etc., 'dares (to do) such a thing.' The constr. with this verb strictly requires the gen. ; but with neut. adjs. and prons. the ace. takes its place. Compare waren es zufrieden, p. 14, 1. 13, and note. — 1. 53. die ihm gebeut, 'whom he serves;' whose servant he is; lit., 'who commands him.' — 1. 54. Brhebt. What is the proper place of this verb? — der WUnsche Ltistemheit, 'his lustful de- sires;' lit., 'the lustfuiness of his desires;' compare der Launen Ubermut, 1. 6, above, and note. — 1. 55. bebet, ' quivers ' with rage. — 1. 56. der da. da is redundant ; this is common in colloquial and older usage. 1. 57. Ja doch, etc., ' Why, is it possible that what is on (lit. fills) everyone's lips should be hidden from my lord ?' The impf. subjunc, A-. \ JVO TF.S. 105 Iress, etc. rs parse as himself) in jroperly fol- jer place, in :e to ' or ' in inceasingly;' I es here rep- 3. under es. ; it would im- lelc, 'whose offen in 1. 30, . sent., ' (who It*. Obs. the jlden is often . Es gUrtct, tc, • (Think'st ^. beweglich, sually a pred. sie refers to g to Wciber, leads astray, think right;' 52. Ein 80I- dth this verb Irons, the ace. 13, and note, lervant he is; Is the proper lis lustful de- der Launen juivers ' with in colloquial on (lit. fills) tmpf. subjunc. is frequently used in this way to express a doubt of the statement made. 1. 59. mit Pleiss, 'purposely.' — 1. 61. des Todes. 'Thou art a dead man, (if thou) speak not.' See Gloss. — 1. 64. Nun ja, •Well then (if you must know).' — von dem Blonden, 'of the fair- haired (youth).' 1. 67. Indent's, etc., ' While the count turns hot and cold at this speech (word).' — 1. 69. Ihr saht. The question is put in the form of a statement, as is often done in conversational Germ., the interro- gation being marked merely by the rising inflexion of the voice. — 1. 71. eurer selbst, etc., 'pays no heed to you.' — 1. 72. An ihren, etc., '(but) languishes (as though) chained to her chair;' he waits only upon her, remaining stationed behind her chair. Obs. ace. after an. 1. 74. Und — gesteht, ' Confessing his passion,' 1. e.y wherein he confesses, etc. — 1. 77. sanft und weich, 'gentle and tender (as she is).' — 1. 78. wohl, 'no doubt.' — 1. 79. mich reuet; obs. the omis- sion of the subj.es when the pron. (object) precedes the verb. — 1. 80. befahren, 'fear,' = be8orgen. 3 1. 81. in — Wut, 'in his angry rage;' see note to 1. 6, above ; also I. 54. — 1.83. Wo ihm, etc., 'Where, in the heat of his lofty fur- naces, his iron-ore was melted (for him) ; ' ihm, ethical dat., see note to p. 16, 1. 4. — 1. 88. Als gait', etc., ' As if it were their task (gJUf es) to liquefy the rocks,' lit, 'turn the rocks to glass.' 1. 89. Des Wassers — bier; the force of the water is used to work the bellows. — 1. 90. VerbUndet ; obs. the unusual position of the partic. — 1. 92. UmwBlzt, etc. The prefix um is sep. in this verb; reconstruct in prose order. — 1. 95. bildsam, '(made) plastic;' pred. adj., relating to Eisen, below. — 1. 96. Muss selbst, etc., ' The very iron is forced to yield,' lit. ' to become soft.' 1. 98. Bedeutet, 'instructs.' — 1. 102. mir, ethical dat., as above, 1. 83, and below, 1. 119. — 1. 103. vergehe, 'be turned,' lit. 'pass away.' — 1. 104. weiter, ' again, ' = wieder or mehr. 1. 105. entmenscht, 'inhuman,' stripped of every vestige of hu- manity; mark the force of the prefix ent-. — 1. iii. schicken sich, ' prepare themselves ; ' = schicken sich an. 1. 113. Gesell, 'his comrade ;' = Genoss. — 1. 115. Frisch auf, 'haste thee.' — 1. 117. der spricht; the demonstr. pron. is redun- dant, and is used to draw attention to the subj. of the verb ; a com- mon usage in Eng. as well as in Germ. — 1. 118. Musst. Supply the subj., and see note to p. 7, 1. 31. -1. 120. Reconstruct this sent. H I of) DEK CAA'C \'ACU D/.A/ KlSENIfAMMKR. ly according to strict rufe, and supply the missing verb. (The auxs. of tense, haben and sein, may be omitted in any dep. sent.) 1. 123. ' Hut suddenly he stops (lit. remains standing) in thought.' — 1. 124. 'Has she (my lady) no commands for me?' The conj. ob depends on mich wundert or some such phrase understood; lit., '(I wonder) whether she has nothing to command me.' A question is frequently put in this indirect way in German. Or the ob may here be considered as depending on sinnend in prec. line. — 1. 125. Btellt er sich, ' he presents himself to the countess (and Kays) ;' obs. the ace. after vor. — 1. 1 28. Pfiichten, ' services,* lit. ' duties.' 1. 131. htfrt' ich gem, 'fain would I hear;' htfrt' is subjunc. with optative loxct (/. e., expressing desire). — \. 132. Obs. the use of the dat. mir. — 1. 135-6. ' And when thou thinkest in penitence (reuig) on thine own sins, then let me too find mercy : * pray for mercy on my behalf, while confessing thine own sins. 1. 138. im Flug = flugs, 1. 122, above. — 1. 139. Hat noch, etc., 'Not yet has he reached (/. e., before he reaches), etc., when there sounds, etc.' — 1. 140. in schnellem Lauf, 'with rapid pace.' — 1. 141. von dem Olockenstrang; lit., 'from the bell-rope,' «.^., from the bell as it is pulled by the rope. There is an ellipsis here. — 1. 142. Hellschlagend, 'with clear stroke;' pred. to Klang. — I. 143. Das alle, etc., 'which solemnly invites to the sacrament all sinners, (thus) highly privileged.' — hochbegnadet is pred. to SUnder; the mean- ing is, that the invitation to the sacrament (of the mass) confers a high religious privilege on all sinners thus invited. — 1. 144. festlich = feierlich. 1. 145. Dem lieben, etc., 'Turn not aside from thy God, when thou find'st on thy way.' Fridolin had intended to go to the forge first ; but, the church-bell summoning him to mass, he deems it his first duty to obey this summons, and at the same time fulfil his lady's behests. This becomes the means of his escape from the snare laid for him by the villain Robert. The lengthened description of the service of the mass which follows is introduced by the poet to convey to the reader the idea of a sufficient lapse of time for Robert's own visit to the forge, caused by his own diabolical impatience, and end- ing in his own destruction. The awful horror of his end is thus skil- fully kept in the background, and the action of the poem at the same time goes on uninterruptedly. — 1. 149. und heiss, etc., 'and in the field the toiling reapers, heated, glowed;' lit., ' and hotly in the field glowed the industry of the reapers.' — 1. 151. Chorgehilfe, which A'. k • • he aux». of n thought.* he conj. ob rstood; lit., A ciuestion the ob may ne. — 1. 125- Says);' obs. Lities.' ubjunc. with e use of the tence (reuig) mercy on my It noch, etc., ., when there ipid pace.' — ipe,'i.e.,irom here. — 1. 142- -1. 143- Das sinners, (thus) er ; the mean- lass) confers a 144. festlich ly God, when , to the forge deems it his ulfil his lady's ;he snare laid ription of the oet to convey Robert's own :nce, and end- Id is thus skil- im at the same 'and in the Itly in the field •chilfe, which .t V /VOTES. 107 proiMjrly nieanH 'chorister,' here -— Messdiener, Kng. 'acolyte,' .1 term designating the person who assists llie priest in the uHic^ of the mass. — I. 152, kundig, 'with due knowledge' .: ■ ... •. . 1. 154. Und macht, etc., 'and plays the part of sacristan (or aco- lyte) ' The priest was assisted sometimes by the sacristan (or sexton), sometimes by a chorister ; while so engaged he w.is called the ' acolyte.' — 1. 156. Was fOrdert, etc., 'which helps us heavenwards.' Obs. the irregular constr., and the u.se of was (not welches) after the n. pron. das. — 1. 157. die Stola (Greek), 'the stole,' a narrowband, passing over neck and shoulders, and hanging down in front, which was thrown over the alb, or white robe which the priest wore in per- forming the ceremony of the mass. — Cingulum, 'surcingle,' (Lat., --=■ girdle,) the belt of white linen which was tied around the waist over the alb. — 1. 158. dienend, 'with helping hand.' — 1. 160. Qe- heiligt, ' which are sacred,' pred. to Oefttsze, above ; compare note to 1. 29. 1. 161. mil Fleiss, 'assiduously.' — 1. 165. In his ministrations, the acolyte has to kneel at both sides of the altar by turns. — 1. 166. ist gewitrtig, ' is attentive to each hint ' of the priest as to what he is to do at each portion of the service. — 1. 167. des Sanctus Worte. The prayer which preceded the consecration of the wafer ended with the word Sanctus (Lat., = 'holy ') thrice repeated, the acolyte ringing the 1x11 at each repetition. 1. 171. den gegenwSrtigen, ' the Present Deity,' referring to the Real Presence, according to the Roman Catholic doctrine, of the Deity in the Host, which, after the act of consecration, is raised on high in the priest's hand, and so shown to the congregation for their adoration. The consummation of the change from bread and wine to body and blood is further announced by the ringing of the bell (lines 173.4- — 1- I74- klingend, 'ringing,' = klingelnd. — 1. 175. schlSgt die BrUste, 'beat their breasts,' an act of humble penitence. — 1. 176. vor dem Christe, * before the Christ,' that is, the Host. The final -e is added for the sake of the rhyme. 1. 178. mit Sinn, 'with quick and ready wit.' - 1. 179. Was ■ inn', 'each custom in the House of God, he has them all by heart;' lit., 'what is the custom, etc' — Brauch = gebrSuchlich. Analyse this and the foil. line. - 1. 182. Vobiscum Dominus (Lat., 'the Lord be with you ') are the words of the closing benediction uttered by the priest. hi Ml I08 DKK GANG NACH HEM F.tSKNIfAAfAfKH. ^ I. 1S5. Jedes, ' iMch article,' the veHtnientH and vessels used in the Hcrvicc. I. 189. in Ruh', 'with a conscience at ease,' ■=-- mit ruhi- gem Oewiss^n. — 1. 191. die Zahl zu fUllen, Mo complete the count;' that is, twelve beads, each representing a prayer (Pater- noster, 1. 192), to finish the fourth rosary (compare below, I. 215). I. 194. Und sieht. The conj. connects this sent, with a dep. sent., and the proper i)lace of the verb is therefore at the end. — 1. 195. Was — geschehn. Compare the constr. in lines 179, 1 So, above. — 1- «97. grinsend, 'with horrid grin.' See (lloss. — 1. 199. '/Zris attended to and stowed away.' Obs. the use of der, not das, which at once shows the reader who has been so horribly disposed of. 1. 206. Nimmermehr, ' surely not ! ' — 1. 207. ' Then have you lin- gered on the way. ' 1. 209. Angesicht, 'presence.' — 1. 211. nach meiner Pflicht, 'as was my duty;' lit., 'according to my duty.' — 1. 215. Rosenkrtfnze. See note to 1. 191, above. 1. 218. entsetzet sich, ' (and) stands aghast,' at Robert's fate, of which he begin^ to have a foreboding. — 1. 221. dunkel — Sinn, 'dark (obscure) was the import of the reply.* — 1. 222. The colon at the end of this line shows that the two following lines are a quotation. ) 226. 'A cold shudder comes o'er him.' — 1. 227. ' Is it possible \-^L. you sure) that you did not meet him ?' - 1. 228. ' Yet I (certainly) sc;nt him, etc' Obs. the force of doch. — 1. 229. nicht .. . . nicht, ' neither . . . nor ; weder . . . noch. 1. 236. 'To whom it was all unintelligible.' — 1. 238. ' Let me com- mend him to your favour.' The count, convinced of the page's inno- cence, calls him, as the countess had done before (compare 1. 133, above), a child. — 1. 239. ' However ill we may have been advised.' '1 M::! 11 r' K ed in the nit nihi- iplcte the r (Pater- I. 215). clep. sent., — 1. '95 , aljove. — )9. • He is ia», which d of. ive you Un- Pflicht, • as BcnkrUnze. ert's fate, of Sinn, Mark n at the end ition. i it possible I (certainly) it ,, . . nicht, f^S r J . GLOSSARY •i(.) HAUPFS -DAS KALTE HERZ." A, the first letter of the alphabet, is always pron. like a in Engl./a- ther, never as in haty hate, Ml, or in any. A or Ac, M, is pron. like a in any when short ; like king at a ance; see ireceding), nee; [look, B, respeet, uential, re- ir., to gaze are at. pers. Sep., imp£. subj. to beeome, 1. 27, and r. = "hesi- refl. sep. w., self. I gen. -(e)s, interest ; an interest )• rat, getre- itt, to corn- ea journey, [\tr.J answer, Wort, n, tive jintwortete, iswer, reply wies, ge- 3point. w., to an zog, ge- put on (of Iress, clothe gen. -(e)8, |1, costume, advance ; im A. sein, to be approach- ing-] ^nzUnden, v.tr. sep. w., zUndete, fezUndet, to kindle, to set on , re, light (a candle, etc.). Apfei, s. m., gen. -s, pi. Aepfel, , apple. Apfelwein, s.comp. m., gen. -(e)s, , pi. -e, cider. Arbeit, s. f., pi. -en, labour, toil, work. (Syn., Werk = the work done.) ^rbeiten, v. intr. w., -etc, -et, to , labour, toil, work. Arbeiter, s. m., gen. -s, pi. — , workman. Arg, s. m.,indecl., suspicion; Arg haben, to be suspicious. arg, adj., comp. Mrger, bad. Arger, s. m., gen. -s, no pi., vexa- , tion, anger. argerlich,adj., angry, vexed ; adv., angrily, etc. argem, v. tr. (pers. and impers.), to vex, make angry; refl., to be , vexed, be angiy. Arglist, s. f. comp., pi. -en (rare), cunning, mali<:e. irglistig, adj., cunning, malicious ; , adv., malicioi'isly, etc. Argwohn, s. m. comp., gen. -(e)s, pi. -wtthne (rare), suspicion, dis- trust [= arger Wahn, evil sup- position, or supposition of evil]. Arm, s. m., gen. -(e)s, pi. -e, arm. arm, adj., comp. Srmer, poor; pi. ,, as subst., die Armen, the poor. Armel, s. m., gen. -s, pi. — , sleeve. armlich, adj., poor, miserable; , scanty; adv., scantily, poorly, etc. Armut, s. f., no pi., poverty. Art, s. f., pi. -en, manner, kind, species ; auf diese Art, in this manner. drtig, adj., good, well-behaved; [pretty.] Arzt, s. m., gen. -es, pi. Arzte, physician, doctor. Asche, s. f., no pi., ashes. Ast, s. ni., gen. -es, pi. Aste, branch, bough. Atem, s. m., gen. -s, no pi., breath. ^temlos, adj. comp., breathless; adv., breathlessly. auch, adv. and conj., too, also; besides ; even ; (after rel. prons. and advs.) ever. AUerhahn, s. m. comp., gen. -(e)s, pi. '^hShne, cock-of-the-woods. auf, adv., up ; auf und ab, up and down. auf, prep., gov. dat. and ace, (Engl, "up") ; With dat., on, upon (refers to anything resting upon or over a horizontal surface, in reference to place; used also of places that are on an eminence, as a castle, etc.) ; with ace., to, to the top of (see an) ; auf diese Art, Weise, "in this manner"; (of time) for (in reference to a future period of time), as: auf ihr Lebtag, "for life"; auf zwei Tage, "for two days (to come)." auf emmal, adv. phrase, at once, all at once, suddenly. iufbehalten, v. tr. sep., behielt, behalten, behSltst, beh^t, to keep in store for, reserve for (dat. of pers.). Aufenthalt, s. m. comp., gen. -(e)s, pi. -e (rare), detention, delay. duffahren, v. n. sep., fuhr, gefah- ren, fShrst, to start up; to fly into a passion.' duffordem, v. tr. sep. w., to sum- mon, demand, challenge, require (a pers. to do a thing ; gov. zu) ; invite, ask (a person to dance, etc.). dufgeben, v. tr. sep., g;ab, gege- ben, gib, gibst, to give up; to abandon. dufhalten, v. tr. sep., hielt, ge- halten, hSltst, hSlt, to hold up ; to detain. dufhSngen, v. tr. and intr. sep., bieng, gehangen, hSngst, or w., to hang up. dufheben, v. tr..sep., hob or hub, gehoben, to lift up, raise ; to do away with, annul, make of no /• I i^^ '^ k i .1 ;i-l 114 GLOSSARY'. effect; to have in safe-keeping, preserve. dufhfiren, v. intr. sep. w., to stop, cease, desist.' dufladen, v. tr. refl. sep., lud, ge- laden, lildst, iSdt, or w., to load on one's self, to take up. Aufmachen, v. tr. sep. w., to open (a door, etc.); v. refl. sich auf- machen (or auf dan Weg ma- chen), to set out. dufmuntem, v. tr. sep. w., to cheer up, encourage, dufnehmen, v. tr. sep., nahm, ge- nommen, nimm, nimmst, to take up ; to receive ; to admit (in this sense gov. unter with ace). dufraffen, v. tr. refl. w., to gather or pick one's self up quickly ; to rise. iiifreissen, v. tr. sep., riss, ge- rissen, to tear open, pull open. dufrichten, v. tr. teep. w., richtete, gerichtet, to raise up, set up, set upright; v. refl., to raise one's self up, sit upright. aufs, contr. for auf das. dufschiessen, v. n. sep., schoss, geschossen, to shoot up. dufschlagen, v. tr. sep., schlug, geschlagen, schlSgst, to cast up, raise, open (one s eyes). dufschliessen, v. tr. sep., schloss, eeschlossen, to unlock, open (a door, etc.). dufsetzen, v. tr. sep. w., to set on, upon, put on; to serve up (on the table), p. 12, 1. 17. ' dufspringen, v. n. sep., sprang, gesprungen, to jump up, spring up ; spring open, fly open (of a door). dufstehen, v. 11. sep., stand, ge- standen, to stand up, get up, rise (from bed) ; [of pers. ; auif- gehen, of the sun, etc.;] to stand open or ajar (of a door). dufsteigen, v. n. sep., stieg, ge- stiegen, to rise up, mount, ascend. dufwenden, v. tr. sej)., wendete or wandte, gewendet or ge- wandt, to spend, expend. dufziehen, v. n. sep., zog, gezo- gen, to come on ; to draw near, approach (of a storm, etc. See p. 62,1. i,¬e); V. tr.,topullup. Auge, s. n., gen. -s, pi. -n, eye; point or spot on the dice. See , p. 35, 1. 18. Augenblick, s. m. comp. (Auge, "eye," Blick, "glance"), gen. -(e)s, pi. -e, moment, minute (lit. "glance or flash of the eyes") ; alle A., every moment. aus, prep., gov. dat. only, out of, from (motion); from, through (cause); of (material); aus sein mit, to be at an end with, all over with. See p. 37, 1. 2. duseindnder, sep. part., asunder, apart (comp. from aus, "out of," and einander, indecl. re- cipr. pron., "one another, each other"). duseinanderfliegen, v. n. sep., flog, geflogen, to fly apart, fly open ; scatter, disperse. iusgeben, v. tr. sep., gab, gege- ben, gib, gibst, to spend (money, ,etc.). AusgppfSndete, partic. subst. pi., evicted people (from auspfSn- den, see below, and p. 48, 1. i. and note). dusgiessen, v. tr. sep., goss, ge- gossen, to pour out, shed. dusheben, v. tr. sep., hob or hub, gehoben, [to lift out;] to pick out, select ; hence : zum Solda- ten a., to draft as a soldier (by conscription). dusholen, v. intr. sep. w., to raise the arm, a stick, etc., for a blow ; to fetch a blow. dusklopfen, v. tr. sep. w., to knock out; [to dust (a coat, etc.);] die Pfeife a., to knock the ashes out of one's pipe. dusleihen, v. tr. sep., lieh, gelie- hen, to lend out, lend. dusmachen, v. tr. sep.w., [to make r I GLOSSARY. 115 or ge- d. g, gezo- raw nicar, jtc. See pull up. -n, eye; ice. See .. (Auge, e"), gen. t, minute he eyes"); t. ly, out of, , through aus sein 1 with, all 1.2. ., asunder, aus, "out indecl. re- Dther, each V. n. Sep., ly apart, fly Ise. ,ab, gcge- ;nd (money, subst. pi., ,. auspfSn- Ip. 48, 1. !• goss, ge- Ished. lob or hub, It;] to pick jum Solda- soldier (by . ■., to raiso fox a blow ; ;., to knock letc.);] die the ashes lieh, gelie- Lr., [to make out (an agreement, etc.) ;] to ar- range, settle; eine 4usgemachte Sache, a settled affak. dusnehmend, partic. adj., excep>- tional, remarkable; adv., excep- tionally ; particularly ; exceed- ingly; (from dusnehmen, "to pick out, to except.") ^uspfKnden, v. tr. sep. w., -ete, gepfSndet, to distrain (for rent), to evict; see note to p. 33, 1. 11. ^usreiten, v. n. sep., ritt, geritten, to ride out, ride forth, go for a ride. iusschauen, v. intr. sep. w., to look out, look about, look for; expect ; (gov. nach.) ^ussehen, v. intr. sep., sah, ge- sehen, sieh, siehst, to look out; to look, seem (with nach or wie); to look like; to re- semble, ausser, prep. gov. dat., bcoide, outside of ; except ; besides ; a. sich sein, to be beside one's self, out of one's senses ; a. Landes (with gen.) out of the country, [aus indicates motion from or out of, ausser, rest outside of, as : ich komme aus dem Hause, " I come out of the house;" ich wohne ausser der Stadt, " I live outside of the town."] dusserhalb, prep.comp., gov. gen., outside of, on the outside of. Aussetzen, v.tr.sep.w., to set out; to expose; etwras an jeman- dem auszusetzen haben, to , find some objection to a person. Aussicht, s. comp. f., pi. -en, view; outlook; [prospect.] iusspotten, v. tr. sep. w., -ete, ge- spottet, to mock, jeer at, make sport of, ridicule, dusspreizen, v. tr. sep. w., to spread out. dusstoszen, v. tr. sep., stiess, ge- stoszen, stOszest, stSszt, to thrust out, eject; utter (a cry, etc.). diisstrecken, v. tr. sep. w., to stretch out ; partic. adj., toage- 8tiet:kt, stretched out (at length). iussuchen, v. tr. sep. w., to seek . out, choose, select. AusUben, v. tr. sep. w., to practise, exercise. ^usweichen, v. n., to get out of any one's way, evade (dat. of pers. See SJch., 1. 145, and note). iuswerfen, v. tr. sep., warf, ge- worfen, wirf, wirfst, to throw , out ; to give forth, emit. Auswurf, s. comp. m., gen. -(e)s, pi. -wUrfe, outcast, scum. duszahlen, v. tr. sep. w., to pay out. iusziehen, v. tr. sep., zog, gezo- gen, to pull out, draw out ; to pull off, draw off (one's clothes, etc.) ; v. n., to march out, walk out, go forth, move oiit. Axt, subst. f., pi. Aexte, axe. B B, the second letter of the alpha- bet, is pron. as in Eng., except at the end of words or sylls., where it is pron. like p. backen, v. tr. and intr., buk (rare) or backte, ge backen or gebackt (rare), bMckst or backst, bake ; hence : B&ckofen, s. comp. m., gen. -s, pi. -tffen, (baking)-<)ven. [Bdden, s. prop, n., Baden, a grand- duchy in Southern Germany; hence :] b&disch, adj. prop., no com par., of or belongmg to Baden. bald, adv. of time ; comp. bSlder, superl. am ehesten, soon; al- most, nearly; b. — b., now — then. Bal|^, s. m., gen. -(e)s, pi. Billge, [hide, skin; hence (for Blase- balg) : ] bellows. B4lken, s. m., gen. -s, pi. — , beam; log. ballen, v. tr. w., to roll up (into a ball), clench (the fists). bang(e), adj., compar. -er and Si n li I ii6 GLOSSARY. i ii bMnger, timid, anxious, fearful timorous ; b. sein, to be fright- ened ; b. werden, to get fright- ened (also impers. with dat.). Bdngigkeit, s. f ., pi. -en, timidity ; anxiety. Bank, s. {., pi. Bifnke, bench, seat; [in the sense of money- bank, has pi. -en.] bar, adj., no compar., [bare; sheer; hence] (of money,) ready; -es Geld, ready money, cash ; adv., in cash, in ready money. [barmh^rzig, adj. comp., tender- hearted; pitiful, merciful, com- passionate ; hence :] Barmh^rzigkeit, s. f. comp., pi. -en, tender-heartedness, compas- sion, mercy. Bart, s. m., gen. -(e)s, pi. BMrte, beard; dim. B^rtchen, little beard. bat, impf. of bitten, " to beg." Batzen, s. m., gen. -s, pi. — , a small coin (value about a penny), penny. Bauch, s. m., gen. -(e)s, pi. BSu- che, [stomach, belly; hence] hollow body. Sch., I. i lo. bauen, v. tr. w., to build ; [also, to till ; hence :] [Bauer, s. m., gen. -n or -s, pi. -n, peasant, farmer, countryman.] B4uemhaus, s. n. comp., gen. -es, pi. -hSuser, peasant's house, farm-house. Biuholz, s. n. comp., gen. -es, pi. -htilzer (only in sense of differ- ent kinds of wood), wood for building, timber. Baum, s. m., gen. -(e)s, pi. Bourne, tree ; dim. BUumchen, -lein, n. [Eng. " beam."] bSumen, v. tr. refl. w., to rise up, rear. . B4umschlagen, s. n. comp. (infin.), felling trees, tree-cutting. beben, v. intr. w., to tremble, quiver. Becher, s. m., gen. -s, pi. — , gob- let, beaker, cup. bedduiken, v. tr. red. insep. w., tn return thanks. bed6nken, v. tr. insep. irreg., be- dachte, bedacht, to consider, reflect ; v. refl., to bethink one's self. bed6nklich, adj. (from prec), se- rious (needing consideration) ; dangerous. bedduten, v. tr. insep. w., -ete, -et, [to signify, mean, (with ace. of thing) ;] to instruct, inform, give orders to (w. ace. of pers.). Sch., 1.99. bedienen, v. tr. insep. w., [(of per- sons), to serve, attend upon;] (of things), to attend to, perform. bedurfen, v. tr. and intr. insep. irreg., bedurfte, bedurft, pres. indie, bedarf, bedarfst, bedarf, pi. bedUrfen, etc., to need, re- quire (with ace. or gen. of obj.). beeilen, v. tr. refl. msep. w., to hasten, make haste. bef&hren, v. tr. insep., befuhr, be- fahren, befShrst, [to travel over; navigate;] to fear (= befUrch- ten). Sch., 1. 80. bef&llen, v. tr. insep. impers., be- fiel, befallen, befSllst, to come over, come upon. [Bef6hl, s. m., gen. -(e)s, pi. -e, command, order.] bef^hlen, v. tr. insep. (from prec), befahl, befohlen, befiehl, be- fiehlst, to command, order (dat. of pers. ; [v. refl., to commend one's self.] befinden, v. tr. refl. insep., befand, befunden, to find one's self, to be (of place, or of health). befdlgen, v. tr. insep. w., to follow, obey (a command, etc.). beg^ben, v. tr. impers. refl. insep., begab, begeben, begib, be- gibst, to take place, happen, come to pass ; [v. tr. pers. refl., to betake one's self, go to (a place), gov. an with ace. ; or, with gen. of obj., to give up.] beg^gnen, v. n. tr. and intr. in- r t G/JXSSAh'Y. 117 sep. w., to irreg., bc- ) consider, think one's prec), se- iideration) ; ^, -etc, -et, with ace. o£ inform, give )ers.). Sch., w., [(of per- end upon;] to, perform, intr. insep. idurft, pres. rfst, bedarf, to need, re- en. of obj.). nsep. w., to , befuhr, be- travel over; (= befUrch- impers., be- ]lst, to come .(e)s, pi. -e, (from prec), Ibefiehi, be- , order (dat. [to commend ^ep., befand, jne's self, to ;alth). to follow, |tc.). refl. insep., begib, be- ice, happen, Ipers.refl., to to (a place), lor, with gen. and intr. in- sep. w., begeg^ete, begegnet, to meet ; impers. to happen (dat. of pers.). beg^hren, v. tr. and intr. insep. w., to desire, long for (gov. ace. or gen. of obj. ; or gov. nach). Begferde, s. f., pi. -n, desire, lust, longing. beginnen, v. tr. insep., begann, begonnen, to begin, go about a thing; v. intr. impers. to begin, commence. begleiten v. tr. insep. w., beglei- tete, begleitet {not beglitt ; has nothing to do with gleiten, "glide," but is deriv. ofgelei- ten), to accompany. begr&ben, v. tr. insep., begjub, begraben, begrSbst, to bury (from Grab, " grave "). beh^ten, v. tr. insep., behielt, be- halten, behaitst, behHlt, to keep, retain ; to remember. beh^uen, v. tr. insep., behieb, be- hauen, to hack at, hew at ; hew down, cut down. beh&upten, v. tr. insep. w., -etc, -et, to assert, maintain. Beh^usung, s. f., pi. -en, lodging, habitation, domicile ; shelter ; re- ceptacle. behUflich, adj., helpful ; b. sein, to help a person (gov. dat.). behiitsam, adj., careful, cautious; adv., carefully, etc. bei, prep., gov. dat. only, by, at, near; at the house of (Fr. f//rachte, ge- Ich. Igen. -es, no jl.-e;) dim. )8, pi. Bril- |nt, fracture ; |o hum, buzz; rrumble.] [ste, breast, Bube, s. HI., gen. -n, pi. -n, [boy;] scoundrel, villain; [in the latter sense = Spitzbube ; Eng. " boo- by." It is used almost universally instead of Knabe in Southern (lermany, Switzerland, and Aus- tria.] bUcken, v. tr. refl. w., to stoop, bend down. BUh[e]l, s. m., gen. -s, pi. -, hill, hillock. Bursch, s. m., gen. -en, pi. -e, or Bursche, gen. -n, j)!. -n ; fellow, lad; ^both forms are found in Ilauff.) C, the ^hird letter of the alphabet, never, or rarely, appears at the be-^ipning of German words, or indeed at all, except in the com- binations ch, ck, the latter stand- ing for kk. The words here oc- curring under this letter wi'I all be found to be of foreign origin. Pron. like k before a, o,, u; like ts (Germ, z) before e, i, fl, 0. Centner, s. m., gen. -s, pi. — , hun- dred-weight; (fig.) a heavy weight [fromLat centum, "hundred"]. Chinirg, s. m., gen. -en, pi. -en, surgeon [from the same Greek source as its Eng. equivalent, the older form of which is "chirur- ,i;;con "]. [Chor, s. m. and n., gen. -(e)8, pi. Ch5re, chorus; train, troop, crowd, circle ; choir (of a church) ; hence :] Ch6rgehilfe, s. m., gen. -n, pi -n, (priest's) assistant in the cl )ir; acolyte. Christ, s. m. prop, for., Christ. See Sch., 1. 76, and note. Cingulum, s. n. for., gen. -s, cin- uuluni (part of a priest's attire). D, the fourth letter of the alpha- bet, is pron. as in Eng., except at the end of words, or of syllables before a cons., where it is pron. like t. da, adv. of place, there ; used be- fore preps, that gov. dat. or ace, instead of the neut. pers. pron. when referring to things without life ; may also m this ca.se replace the m. or f. pers. pron., as dar- auf, thereon, on it, etc. da, rel. adv. of place, where; used also for rel. pron. referring to things (see was). da, adv. of time, then, thereupon; now; so, therefore; frequently redundant, e.g. Sch., 1. 56, after rel. pron. ; von da an, from thenceforth; hie und da, here and there. da, rel. adv. of time, when, where- on, whereupon. da, caus. conj., whereas, since, be- cause ; so. dabef, adv., near it, (close) by it (of position) ; at it, thereat ; at the same time ; withal. dachte, impf. ind. of denken, "think." daftir, adv., for it, in exchange for it ; in place of it ; instead. dag^gen, adv., against it ; on the contrary [ ; in return for it]. dahefm, adv. of place, at home. dah^r, adv., up, along (toward the speaker or spectator) ; adv. conj., thence, therefore. dah^rkommen^v. n. sep., kam,ge- kommen, kttmmst or kommst, to come along or up. dahfn, adv., along (away from or past speaker or spectator) [; gone (with gegangen understood)]. dahinfahren, v. n. sep., fuhr, ge- fahren, tShrst, to move along or away ; pass away ; to die (p. 54, 1. 27) ; to drive along (in a ve- hicle). dahinfliegen, v. n. sep., flog, ge- flogen, to fly along or past. d&mals, adv. of time, at that time; on that occasion ; then. % III I ■ i 122 GLOSSAh'Y. /• I \ DAme, s. f. for., il. -n, lady (from Kr. (iiitttt", the (icriii. woril J'niii is also used in this sense]. damU, adv., therewith, with it ; conj., in order that. Dank, s. in., gen. -(e)s, no pi., thanks ; reward ; schtfn' D., many thanks, thank you kindly (p. 23, 1. 10) ; Einem etwas zu D. machen, to do a thing to a person's satisfaction (p. 50, 1. 3). danken, v. intr. w., to thank, re- turn thanks for (gov. fUr) ; lr.,to owe (ace. of thing, dat. of pers.). dann, adv. of time, then (dist. fr. denn, conj., "for"). dar&n, thereto, to it, up to it (contr. dran). dar&uf, adv., thereon, thereupon, thereat, thereto ; on it, at it, to it (contr. drauf) ; adv. of time, thereupon, then ; bald d., soon afterward. dar&us, adv., out hi it, therefrom, from it (contr. draus). darben, v. intr. w., to be in need or want; to starve. darf, pres. ind. of dUrfen ; see below. darin, adv., therein, in it (contr. drin). da(r)nich, adv., thereafter, after that; afterward; according to that, accordingly. dar6b, adv., at that, because of that. Sch., 1. 25 [ob is an obso- lete prep., indicating cause]. dar6ber, adv., above it, over it; about or concerning it, at it (contr. drUber). danim, adv., for this or that rea- son, therefore, for it, about it (contr. drum). darijnter, adv., under it, beneath it (contr. drunter) ; among it or them. das, qeut. of der, def. art., de- monstr. and rel. pron. ; used be- fore the verb " to be " even when a m., f., or pi. subj. follows, the verb then agreeing with the subj. that follinvs in ninn1>c-r, f. v.. das Bind meine Schwestem, ** those are my sisters." dass, subord. conj., that. [Kx- presses fact, consecjuence (<•. g. after so>, ])urpose; when dass is omitted in indir. narr., the sent, has the constr. of a prin- cipal sent., and is nut in the subj. See App. I., § i8.] dttuchten, v. tr. and intr. impers., -e, gedSucht, |)res. es dUucht mir or mich, etc., methinks, or I think, etc. d&uern, v. intr. w., to last, endure. dAuem, V. tr. impers., to move to pity, f. .^., es dauert mich, I pity, am sorry for ; mich d. sem, I am sorry for him, pity him (gen. of obj.); v. pers., as: du dauerst mich, you move n.e to pity, I am sorry for you ; see [). 22, 1. 18, and 58, 1. 25. [In the atter constr. the olij. of pity is subj. of the verb, the pers. pity- ing direct obj.] Daumen, s. m., gen. -s, pi. — , thumb. dav6n, adv., thereof, of it; there- from, from it, by reason of this ; away, off ; see p. 26, 1. 3, note. dav6njagen, v. n. sep. w., to run away or off, rush away; v. tr., to chase away, chase off. dav6r, adv., before it, before that (time.order); at it, from it (cause). dazi^, adv., thereto, to it ; besides, in addition ; to accompany it, p. 51. 1- 3- dazutun, v. tr. sep. irreg., tat, ge- tan, to do something towards it; add to, put to; contribute to. dein, or deiner, jjers. pron., gen. of du, " thou;" hence : dein, deine, dein, poss. adj., sec- ond pers. sing., thine, your, denken, v. intr. w. irreg., dachte, gedacht, to think (gov. gen. 01 an with ace). denn, coord, conj., for (dist. from c ann, adv. " then "). /• I ULOSSAKY, 123 restern, t. [Kx- ce {e.g. en dass irr., the [ a prin- it in the i8.1 . impers., B daucht thinks, or t, endure. J niovc to mich, I mich d. him, pity pers., as : 1 move n.c ■ you ; sec 15. [In the . of pity is pers. pity- ,-s, pl. —. it; there- on of this; • 3. note. n w., to run ay; V. ti., off. before that it (cause), besides, panyit, p. ;., tat, ge- owards it ; bute to. ron., gen. L adj., sec- ] your. v., dachte, fov. gen. 01 l(dist. from d^nnoch, adv. conj., yet still, nev- ertheless, notwithstanding. der, die, das, def. art., the. der, die, das, demonstr. pron. (when used without subst., has gen. sing, dessen, deren, des- sen; gen. pi. deren, dat. pi. denen), this, that. der, die, das, rel. pron., decl. like prec. (interchangeable with welcher, which it always re- places in gen. sing. m. and n., and after a pers. pron.), who (of persons), which (of things), that (persons and things). ['Phe rel. pron. is never omitted m Germ. As demonstr. and rel. pron., der is emphasized more strongly than as def. art.] derb, adj., firm, solid; strong; coarse, rough, rude ; sturdy ; se- vere; adv., rudely, severely, etc. d^rgleichen, pron. indecl. de- monstr., of that sort, of the same kind or sort; rel., the like of whom or which ; see note to p. 14, 1. 3. [Really an adv. gen. pi. of manner.] ders^lbe, demonstr. pron. adj., the same [freq. used as a substitute for the pers. pron., to avoid repe- tition or ambiguity], d^sto, adv., the (before compar. degree; = je ; as, d. (or je) linger, d. (or je) besser, **the longer, the better "). d6swegen, adv., on that account, therefore. [The prep, wegen, gov. the gen., takes the gen. of the demonstr. pron. (des) instead of the adv. da, which precedes the other preps., and replaces the pers. pron. when referring to in- animate objects.] deuten, v. intr. and tr. w., -ete, gedeutet, to point (with the tinger) ; [to explain, interpret.] d^utlich, adj., plain, clear, dis- tinct ; adv., plainly, etc. dicht, adj. and adv., close, near (gov. bei) ; close together, thick, den.^e, tliicklv, etc. dick, adj. [thuk, dense;] stout, cuipiik>nt,fat ; der Dicke, subst., the t.< I or stout man, fat fellow, fat one. dienen, v. intr. w., to serve, do service (dat. of pers.) ; partic. adj. -d, as a servant, in service, ministering, obsccpilous; adv., ministering, subserviently. (Sch., 1.I57) Diener, s. m., gen. -s, pi. — , servant (from prec). Dfenertross, s. m. coll., gen. -es, no pi., troop of servants. Dienst, s. m., gen. -es, pi. -e, service ; place, situation, office (from dienen). dieser, -e, -es, (contr. dies,) de- monstr. pron., this, that (more common than jener) ; denotes the nearer of two objects, hence the latter, last mentioned, in op- pos. to jener. diesmal, adv., this time. Ding, s. n., gen. -(e)s, pi. -e, thmg [the pi. Dinger is used in speaking of children, etc., as " little things," or "creatures "] ; guter Dinge sein, "to be of good cheer, "be in a good hu- mour." See p. 29, 1. 26; also note to p. II, 1. 28. doch, coord, conj. and adv., still, yet, however, nevertheless, in- deed, at least. [When it begins the prin. sent., the verb comes immediately after it ; sometimes it causes the verb even to stand first ; it generally, however, fol- lows the verb. It is often very difficult to give the exact force of this particle in Eng. ; see the notes. With the imper. it means "pray, please, do," conveying emphasis.] Ddminus, s. m. for. (Lat.), Lord. .Sch., 1. 1S2, note. Donner, s. m., gen. -s, pi. — , thunder. 1 1 124 GLOSSARY. ) donnern, v. intr. w., to thunder; prcs.part. and adj.-d, thundering. [Dorn, s. m., gen.-(e)s, pi. -e, -er, and -en, thorn.] Porf, s. n. (Eng. "thorp" in prop, names), gen. -(e)s, pi. DBrfer, village. dSrren, v. tr. w., to dry up, wither [conn, with dUrr]. dort, dorten, adv. of place, there, in that place (more definite than ' da). dorth^r, thence ; von d., from thence, from that quarter. dorthin, adv. of place, to that place, thither (motion from speaker toward the place). drMngen, v. tr. w., to force, press, urge, push ; refi. (recipr.), to crowd or press one upon the other. [Trans, form of dringen.] drauf , contr. for darauf. draussen (for da-r-aussen), adv., outside, without. dr^hen, v. tr. and refl. w., to turn, twist, twirl. drei(e), card, num., three; ord. dritte, third. dreffach, mult. num. adj., three- fold, triple. dreimal, freq. num. adv., three times. drelspitzig, adj., three -pointed, three-cornered ; triangular. drefssig, card, num., thirty. dringen, v. n., drang, gedrungen, to penetrate (gov. dutch and in with ace.) ; in jemanden (ace.) d., to urge a person strongly; auf etwas (ace.) d., to insist upon something. drinnen (contr. for da-r-innen), adv., within. dritte (der, die, das ; ein diitter), ord. num., third (ord. of drei). drdhen, v. tr. and intr. w., to threatjsn, menace ; partic. adj. -d, threatening, menacing ; adv., menacingly, etc. (gov. dat. of pers., ace. of thing, as : ich drohe dir den Tod, " I threaten death," lit. "death to s. f., pi. -en, threat, pi. -e, you with you "). Drdhung, menace. drShnen, v. intr. w., to give forth a heavy, dul), droning sound; to resound; partic. adj., -d, dron- ing, humming, dull -sounding; deep (of the voice). [Conn, with Eng. and (ierin. drone (bee).] dntben, adv., on that side, on the other side. di liber, adv., contr. for daruber, .ibovc; more (p. 13, 1. 30). Druck, s. m., gen. -(e)s, pressure ; push ; shove. drticken, v. tr. w., to push, press ; shove; squeeze. See p. 31, 1. 5, and note. du, pers. pron. second pers. (gen. dein, dat. dir, ace. dich, pi. ihr, gen. euer, dat. ace. euch), thou, you (used in addressing any pers. with whom we do not use cere- mony, as the Deity, intimate friends, parents, children). Duft, s. m., gen. -es, pi. DUfte, odour, fragrance ; vapour. Dukdt, s. m. for., gen. -en, pi. -en, ducat (a coin). dumm, adj., compar. dUmmer, stupid. dumpf, adj. and adv., dull, hollow, dead (of sound, or fig. of pain). dUnkel, adj., compar. dunkler, dark; obscure. [Syn. finster, "dark, gloomy, melancholy."] Dunkel, s. n., gen. -s, no pi., dark- ness, obscurity. dUnken, v. tr. and intr. impers. w., to think. [Dat. or ace. of pers., as, es dilnkt mir, I think; com- pare Eng. "methinks."] durch, prep. (gov. ace. only), through, by means of (agency or instr.). durchdus, adv., by all means, in any case (emphatic). durchgehen, v. tr. sep., gieng, gegangen, to run over (in one s mind), pa.ss in review, p. 7, 1. 15; GLOSS A NY. 125 V. n., to run away (of a horse) ; original meaning: "togo through." durchrieseln, v. tr. impers. insep. w., to come over, run through (Sch., \. 68). di^rchsichtig, adj., transparent. dilrfen, v. tr. and intr. irreg. (pres. ind. darf, darfst, darf, pi. dUrfen, etc.; pres, subj. dUrfe; impf. ind. durfte ; impf. subj. dUrfte ; part. gedurft\ aux. v. of mood, to dare, be permitted, be allowed, may. [Indicates permission, pos- sibility, probability (in subjunc.) ; like the other verbs of this class, takes inf. for part, after another inf. in com p. tenses, e.g., er hat es tun dUrfen, he has been al- lowed to do it. In a subord. sent., the aux. of tense precedes the inf., as : er sagte, dass er es habe tun dUrfen, "he said he had been allowed to do it." SeeApp. I. §15.] dUrr, adj., dry, dried up, barren ; dead (of a tree, leaves, etc.). duster, adj., gloomy, melancholy. Diitzend, s. n., gen. -s, pi. — (as noun of number) or -e (when not followed by the subst. num- bered). E, the fifth letter of the alphabet, has five different pronunciations: (i) when long, like a in hate ; (2) when short, like e in hen ; (3) before r, almost like at in air, or rather like the French i onvert ; (4) in terminal and formative unaccented syllables followed by a consonant, almost mute, e.g., enden, pron.as though spelt endn; (5) in final unac- cented syllables, not followed by a consonant, like a short final a, as in Louisa, e. g., Ende, pron. endah, not etiday or eiidec. 6ben, adj., even ; adv., just, just now. Ebene, s. f., pi. -n, level ground, , plain. Ebenholz, s. n. (from Eben, " eb- ony," holz, " wood "), gen. -es, no pi., ebony, ebony-wood (a black, glossy substance). Ecke, s. f., pi. -n, corner. echt, adj., genuine, real. 6del, adj., noble [found in the , Saxon names Athelstan, etc.]. [Ehe, s. f., pi. -n, marriage, wed- , lock, matrimony; hence:] Eheherr, s. m., gen. -n, pi. -en, husband. 6he (or eh'), adv. and conj., before (often followed by the conj. dass). 6hemals, adv., formerly. ^hemMig, adj., former, prior. 6hre, s. f., pi. -n, honour. 6hren, v. tr. w., to honour, pay , honour to, esteem, regard. Ehrenmann, s. m., gen. -(e)s, pi. -leute and -mSnner, man of honour, honourable man. [The former pi. is used of the class^ , the latter of individuals.] Ehrenwamms, s. n., gen. -es, pi. -wammser, coat of honour, best , coat or jacket. Ehrenweln, s. m., gen. -(e)s, pi. -e, wine of honour, best wine, , choice wine. Ehrenzeichen, s. n., gen. -s, pi. — , mark of honour, distinction. ^hrlich, adj., honourable, honest; adv., honourably, etc. 6hrwUrd;g, adj., venerable, digni- fied (lit. " worthy of honour "). Eichhorn, s. n., gen. -(e)s, pi. -hOrner, squirrel ; dim. -hfim- chen. [Not conn, with Horn.] Elfer, s. m., gen. -s, no pi., zeal, enthusiasm. eifern, v. intr. w., to be zealous or enthusiastic. efgen, adj. (no compar.), belong- ing to a person, own ; [peculiar.] eigentlich, adj., real, actual; adv., really, actually, properly or strictly speaking. n 126 GLOSSARY. * : [Efle, s. f., no pi., haste, hurry.] eilen, v. intr. w., to hasten, make haste, hurry ; hence : eilends, adv. (adv. form of pres. part, of prec), in haste, hur- riedly. ein, adv. and sep. prefix, in, into (hence, as signifying motion, usually with her or hin, before verb of motion). ein, -e, ein, indef. art., a or an. Ein, Eine, Ein, or, when not fol- lowed by a subst., Einer, Eine, Eines, num. adj., one (often spelt with capital to dist. it from the art.); also used with def. art. der, die, das Eine, etc., with weak decl., "the one," as op- posed der andere, "the other ;" Einer, somebody (= jemand), one (= man, the oblique cases of which it replaces). ein&nder, recipf. pron. indecl. (dat. and ace), one another, each other. [Sometimes the two parts are separated, when each is decl., as : einer schlug den Andem, for sie schlugen einander.] efndringen, v. n. sep., drang, ge- drungen, to force one's way in- to, penetrate, enter (gov. in with ace). efnfach, adj., single; simple; plain, unpretentious. einfallen, v. n. impers. sep., fiel, gefallen, fMllst, to occur; v. pers., to interrupt (dat. of pers., Sch. 1. 55). EinflUsterung, s. f., pi. -en, in- sinuation, suggestion, prompt- ing [fr. flUstern, "whisper"]. efngiessen, v. tr. sep., goss, ge- gossen, to pour in ; pour (water, etc.) out (of a jug, etc., into a glass, etc.). einig, adj. (of several people), united, agreed upon anything (with gen. of thing); des Han- dels [or Kaufs] e. sein, to be agreed upon a purchase or bar- gain. einiger, -e, -es, pi. -e, indef. num. adj. and subst., some, any; pi., a few, several [used in sing, only with nouns of material or quan- tity]. efnladen.v. tr. sep., lud or ladete, geladen, iSdst or ladest, iSdt or ladet, to invite, bid. efnmal (often contr. 'mal in con- versation), num. adv., once; einm&l, once upon a time, on one occasion (see also einst); auf e., at once, suddenly; mit e., all at once, suddenly, at the same time ; [nicht emmal = "not once;" nicht einmdl (con- tr. nicht 'mal) = " not even "]. efnsam, adj., lonely, lonesome, solitary. einschSrfen, v. tr. sep. w., to en- join or impress upon ; call a per- son's attention to anything (dat. of pers., ace. of thing). efnschlagen, schlug, geschlagen, schlSgst, V. intr. sep., to agree, come to an agreement [lit. " to strike in," in allusion to the striking together of the palms of the hands of parties to a bar- gain, "to join hands;" v. n., to strike in, strike (as of light- ning)]. efnsehen, sah, gesehen, sieh, siehst, v. tr. sep., [to see into ; hence :] to see, understand, com- prehend, conceive ; get an in- sight into ; hence : Einsicht, s. f., pi. -en, insight, view, inspection ; judgment, knowledge, discernment. einst, adv., once upon a time (of past time) ; at some time, some day (of future time) ; [refers to an indef. point of time, past or fut.] einstecken, v. tr. sep. w., to put in (one's pocket), to pocket. einstimmen, mit e., v. intr. insep. w., to join in (a song, opinion, etc.) ; to agree. einstreichen, strich, gestrichen, V. tr. sep., to take in, sweep in i \ GLOSSARY. 127 def. num. any; pi-, sing, only I or quan- 3r ladete, lest, ladt al in con- /,, once; , time, on 50 einst); enly ; mit ilv, at the einmal = nmil (con- ot even "]. lonesome, . w., to en- ; call a per- ^thing (dat. 'eschlagen, I., to agree, ;nt [lit. "to ion to the he palms of s to a bar- s;" V. n., as of light- ^hen, sieh, to see into ; rstand, corn- get an in- fcn, insight, judgment, lent. a time (of time, some |[refers to an ■past or fut.] v., to put in Icket. , intr. insep. ig, opinion, Igestrichen, \, sweep in of money. V. tr. V. n., (to one's pocket ; etc.). einziehen, zog, gezogen, Sep., to pull in, draw in ; to move in. [efnzeln, adj. (no compar.), soli- tary, separate; standing alone, separate from others.] einzig, adj. (no compar.), sole ; only ; unique [of a thing which only occurs once, as: ihr ein- ziges Kind, "her only child," "tlie only child she had;" this and the preceding word are not always strictly dist.]. Einzug, s. m., gen. -(e)s, pi. -zUge, entry, entrance. Eis, s. n., gen. -es, no pi., ice. Efsen, s. n., gen. -s, no pi., iron. Eisenh^mmer, s. m., gen. -s, pi. -hSmtner, iron-works, forge. Efsenhutte, s. f., pi. -n, forge. Eisenstdfe, s. f., pi. -n, iron-ore. eitel, adj., vain; useless, idle; [also used as adv. of quantity, , "nothing but " (= lauter).] Elbogen, s. m., gen. -s, pi. — , , elbow. [Elend, s. n., gen. -(e)s, no pi., wretchedness, misery.] 61end, adj., wretched, miserable ; adv., wretchedly, etc. elf(e) [or eilf(e)], card, num., eleven; ord. elfte, eleventh. EUe, s. f., pi. -n, ell, yard (mea- sure of length). 611enlang, adj., no compar., an ell or yard long ; very long. emprangen, v.tr. insep., empfieng, empfangen, empfMngst, to re- ceive, psyn. erhalten, ** to re- ceive;" annehmen implies ac- ceptance on the part of the re- cipient.] empf6hlen, v. tr. insep., empfahl, empfohlen, empiiehl, em- piiehlst, to commend, recom- mend. empfiaden, v. tr. sep., empfand, empfunden, to feel. 6msig, adj., busy, industrious, assiduous ; adv., busily, etc. End(e), gen. -s, pi. -n, s. n., end, termination ; zu E., at an end ; to an end (after verb of motion); am E., in the end ; after all, at last. 6nden, v. tr. w., -etc, geendet, to end, bring to an end ; t. intr., to end, come to an end. 6ndlich, adv., at last, finally. eng(e), adj., narrow; close; adv., , narrowly, etc. Enkel, s.m., gen. -s, pi. — , grand- son; descendant. ent-, insep. pref., signifying depri- vation, loss, " away from," etc., = Eng. "un-" or "dis-", as: gehen, *' to go," entgehen, " to go away from, escape ; " decken, " to cover," entdecken, "to dis- cover " etc. entbr^nnen, v. n. insep. irreg., -brannte, -brannt, to catch fire ; kindle, be kindled. entfdhren, v. n. insep., -fuhr, -fahren, to escape from (gov. dat.; see Sch., 1. 79). entf^men, v. tr. and refl. insep. w., to withdraw, go away (to a dis- tance). entfi!lhren, v. tr. insep. w., to carry off ; bear away ; abduct ; deprive of (dat. of pers.). entgdgen, adv. and prep, (always follows the noun, gov. dat.), to- ward, towards ; against ; counter to. entg6genges^tzt, partic. adj., no compar., opposite. entg6genhiilten, v. tr. sep., hielt, gehalten, hSltst, halt, [to hold against or toward ;] to oppose, object to; to compare with (dat. of pers.). entg^gnen, v. tr. and intr. insep ''I f w., -ete, entgehen, -gangen, of pers.). entl&ssen. et, to reply, rejoin. V. n. insep., -gieng, to escape from (dat. !■ illil'i' ' I I V. tr. insep., -liess. i ■ \"'f I'! m i 128 GLOSSARY. i -lassen, to send away, dismiss, discharge. entleiden, v. tr. insep. w., -etc, -et, to disgust a pers. with a thing (dat. of pers., ace. of thing) ; es ist mir entleidet, I have lost taste or pleasure in it, am disgusted with it. entm^nscht, partic. adj., inhu- man. [entschliessen, v. tr. refl., ent- schloss, -schlossen, to resolve, conclude; hence:] entschldssen, partic. adj., re- solved ; resolute, determmed. Entschltisz, s. m., gen. -es, pi. -schlUsse, resolution, resolve, determination. Ents^tzen, s. n., gen. -s, no pi., horror, terror. ents6tzen, v. tr. refl. insep. w., to be startled, terrified (gov. Uber). ents^tzlich, adj., terrible, horrible^ dreadful, frightful; adv., terri- bly, etc. entsinnen, v. tr. refl. insep., -sann, -sonnen, to recollect, remember (gen. of thing). entw6der, con j., either; e. — oder, either — or. er, pers. pron. first sing. m. (gen. seiner, sein, dat. ihtn, ace. ihn, f. sie, n. es), he (of persons), it (of things, when referring to a masc. subst.). er-, insep. prefix. The force of this prefix is acquisitive, signify- ing the acquisition of a thing by the action implied in the verb, as jagen, " to chase," erjagen, "to acquire, get by chasing;" and hence, secondarily, success. Most verbs with this prefix are trans. [erbdrmen, v. tr. refl. insep. w., to have mercy on, take pity on (gen. of obj.).] erb&rmlich, adj., wretched, miser- able, pitiable ; adv., wretchedly ; unmercifully. erbitten, v. tr. insep., -bat, -be- ten, to beg for, get by begging or asking. erblicken, v. tr. insep. w., to catch , sight of, see, perceive. Erbschaft, s. f., pi. -en, inher- itance. Erde, s. f., pi. -n, earth ; auf Er- den, on earth (-n old weak dat. , term.). Erdenwurm, s. m., gen. -(e)s, pi. -wtirmer, earth-worm. erfdhren, v. tr. insep., -fuhr, -fahren, to learn, find out by experience. erf61gen, v. n. impers. insep. w., to follow. erfiillen, v. tr. insep. w., to fill, fill up (Sch., 1. 57); [to fulfil.] erg6ben, v. tr. refl. insep., -gab, -geben, -gib, -|^ibst, to give up, surrender ; v. impers. refl., to turn out, follow, result. ;erg6tzen (or ergOtzen), v. tr. and refl. insep. w., to delight. ergritnmen, v. n. insep. w., to be- come furious or enraged. erh&ben, adj., lofty, exalted. erh<en, v. tr. insep., erhielt, er- halten, erhSltst, erhillt, to keep, preserve ; to get, receive, obtain. [Syn. empfangen, annehmen; see empfangen.] erh^ben, v. tr. insep., erhob or er- hub, erhoben, to raise, lift up; to exalt ; refl. , to raise one's self, rise. [The old part, erhaben is now only used as adj., "exalted, lofty, sublime." See above.] erhftzen, v. tr. insep. w., to heat; v. refl., to grow heated or angry. erhdlen, v. tr. and intr. refl. insep. w., to fetch (for one's self), come for (with dat. or ace. of refl. pron. and gen. of obj. ; see note to p. 25, 1. 23); [to recover, regain strength, health, etc.; to amuse one's self, take recreation (with ace. of refl. pron.).] erlnnern, v. tr. insep. w., to bring to mind, remind (ace. or pers., and gen. of thing, or an with ii'M ■ \ ly begging ,, to catch ;n, inher- ; auf Er- [ weak dat. I. -(e)s, pi. p., -fuhr, ,nd out by nsep. w., to w., to fill, to fulfil.] Sep., -gab, St, to give )ers. reft., to lit. i), V. tr. and light. p. w., to be- Lged. alted. erhielt, er- iSlt.tokeep, ive, obtain. nnehmen ; ^rhob or er- jiise, lift up; |e one's self, erhaben is ., "exalted, above.] ., to heat; ;d or angry, refl. insep. self), come ►f refl. pron. (e note to p. rer, regain to amuse [ation (with GLOSSAFV. 129 to bring ic. ot pers. V an with ace.) ; V. refl., to remember, rec- ollect (gov. gen. of obj., or an with ace). erk^nnen, v. tr. insep. irreg., er- kannte, erkannt, to recognize; to acknowledge. erklilren, v. tr, insep. w., to de- clare ; to announce. erkuhnen, v. tr. refl. insep. w., to make bold, dare, venture. erl6ben, v. tr. insep. w., to live to see, to witness. Ernst, s. m., gen. -es, no pi., se- riousness, gravity ; [E. machen, to be serious.] ernst, ^rnstlich, adj., serious, , grave; adv., gravely, etc. Ernte, s. f ., pi. -n, harvest ; crop. err^ten, v. tr. insep., -riet, -raten, -rStst, -rat, to guess. erreichen, v. tr.insep. w., to reach to, attain. erroten, v. n. insep. w., -etc, -tet, to blush, (turn red.) erscheinen, v. n. insep., -schien, -schienen, to appear, make one's appearance (not = "ap- pear" in the sense of "seem," which is rendered by the simple V. scheinen). erschldgen, v. tr. insep. , -schlug, -schlagen, -schiagst, to slay. erschopfen, v. tr. insep. w., to ex- haust; partic. adj., erschdpft, exhausted; tired out (physically). erschr^cken, v. n. insep., er- schrak, erschrocken, to be frightened, startled, terrified. [erschrocken, V. tr. insep. w., to frighten, startle, terrify.] erslnneh, v. tr. insep., ersahn, ersonnen, to think out, invent, imagine. erst (der, die, das erste), ord. num. adj., first (conn, with ehe, eher, before); fUr's Erste, for the present (compare zuerst, be- low) ; [der erste beste, the first that turns up, comes to hand.] erst, adv., only, not before, no sooner than (of time, as : erst morgen, not before to-morrow) ; sometimes used as = Orstens or Orstlich, first, at first, or in the first place; only, no more than (of number). erstdunen, v. n. insep. w., to won- der, to be astonished or sur- prised at (gov. iiber with ace.) ; partic. adj., -staunt, astonished, surprised. Erstdunen, s. n., gen. -s, no pi., (inf. of prec), wonder, astonish- ment, surprise. ertrdgen, v. tr. insep., -trug, -tragen, -tr^gst, to bear, en- dure. erwdchen, v. n. insep. w., to awake. [erwdchsen, v. n. insep , -wuchs, -wachsen, -wKchsest, to grow up.] erwdchsen, partic. adj. (part, of prec), grown up, adult. erwdrten, v. tr. insep. w., -ete, -et, to await, wait for ; expect. erwOhren, v. refl. insep. w., to de- fend one's self against, keep away, get rid of (gen. of obj. without prep.). erweichen, v. tr. insep. w,, to soften; v. refl., to be softened, melted. (Sch., 1. 96.) erw6rben, v. tr. insep., erwarb, erworben, erwirb, erwirbst, to earn, gain, procure. erwidem, v. tr. and intr. insep. w., to reply, rejoin; return (an af- fection, etc.). erziihlen, v. tr. insep. w., to tell, relate, narrate. erziehen, v. tr. insep., -zog, -zogen, to bring up, train, edu- cate. erzurnen, v. tr. insep. w., to en- rage, make angry; v. refl., to be angry. es, pers. pron. third neut. sing., gen. seiner, sein, dat. ihm, ace. es, it. [The gen. and dat., and the ace. gov. by a prep., are only used when referring to I't \ 1 I I •ll'ii K n !! ■lis 130 GLOSSARY'. persons (e. f^., MSdchen, etc.). . When referring to things, the gen. and dat. (without prep.) are replaced by the neut. demonstr. pron. das' or dasselbe; when gov. by a prep., both dat. and ace. are replaced by the adv. da (dar) before the prep., e.g., darauf, "on it;" dazu, "to it;" dafUr, "for it," etc., etc. Es before the verb " to be " re- presents the actual subj., and may be followed by a pi. verb, as: es sind meine BrUder, they are my brothers. For es ist, es sind, "there is, are," see under geben, es gibt, etc.] It also represents a preceding adj., as: Ich bin krank, aber mein Bruder ist es nicht, " I am ill, but my brother is not (so)." Espe, s. £., pi. -n, aspen (a tree, the leaves of which tremble to the slightest breeze). essen, v. tr., asz, gegessen, iss, issest, isst, to eat (of men ; fressen is used of beasts, or of excessive, bestial eating in men). Essen, s. n., gen. -s, no pi. (inf. of' prec), act of eating; meal, food. 6twa, indef. adv., about, nearly ; adv. conj., perhaps. 6twas, indef. num. pron. indecl., something, anything ["not any- thing " = nichts, not nicht et- wasj ; sometimes written was. euch, dat. and ace. of ihr, pers. pron. second pi. (also used as sing.), you. euer, gen. of prec, your. euer, eure, euer, poss. adj. from the same, your. Ex^mpel, s. n. for., gen. -s, pi. — , example [fr. Lat. exemplHni\. Ez6chiel, s. m. prop., Ezekiel ; der dicke E., big E. F, the sixth letter of the alphabet, pronounced as in Eng. It oc- curs in combination with p, as in Pferd, etc. In many words, Eng. / is represented by Germ. V, as Vater, Eng. "father." [Fach, s. n., pi. FScher, compart- ment, division ; department ; sphere.] fahren, v. n., fuhr, ^efahren, fShrst, to proceed ; drive ; jour- ney (in any sort of conveyance, as a wagon, ship, etc.) ; to dart, flash, see p. 20, 1. i ; to make a hasty motion, e.g., in die Ta- sche f., to put one's hand sud- denly into one's pocket (see p. 5, 1. 12; p. 31, 1. 2). Fahren, s. n., gen. -s, no pi., (inf. of prec.,) driving, riding (in a carriage or other conveyance). Fall, s. m., gen. -(e)s, pi. Fillle, [fall ;] case ; accident. fallen, v. n., fiel, gefallen, fUllst, to fall. fallen, V. tr. w. (caus. of prec), to fell (trees, etc.), cause to fall, cut down. falsch, adj., compar. fMlscher, false (of character), untruthful; spiteful, wicked ; false, counter- feit, bad (of coin, p. 65, 1. i8). Falte, s. f., pi. -n, fold. falten, v. tr. w., -ete, gefaltet, to fold, fangen, v. tr., fieng, gefangen, fSngst, to catch, capture. [F4rbe, s. f., pi. -ri, colour; hence:] fSrben, v. tr. and refl. w., to colour, dye (one's skin, etc.). fassen, v. tr. w., to grasp, seize; to comprehend; in die Hand f., to take in one's hand; v. refl., to compose one's self. Faust, s. f., pi. Fauste, the clenched hand, fist. );i, ji GLOSSARY. 131 fechten, v. intr., focht, gefochten, ficht, fichtst, ficht, to fight ; [to fence, properly with swords.] fehlen, v. intr. w., to be missing, wanting, absent, to lack ; impers., to be wanting ; to want, miss [in this sense the Eng. subj. (pers.) is dat. in Germ., the Eng*obj. is the obj. of the prep, an, as: es fehlt mir an Geld, " I want money, I have no money "] ; et- was fehlt mir, something ails me, is the matter with me; to miss, fall short of, be remiss in (gov. gen.); see Sch., 1. 15. Fehler, s. m., gen.-s, pi. — , fault, error, mistake. Feier, s. f., pi. -n, feast, festival; celebration, ceremonial. [feiem, v. tr. w., to celebrate, sol- emnize (a festival, wedding, etc.) ; V. intr., to have holidays, be free from work; hence :] Pefertag, s. m., gen. -(e)s, pi. -e, holiday (when no work is done), festival. Feiertag^bend, s. m., gen. -(e)s, pi. -e, eve of a holiday or fes- tival. fein, adj., fine, refined; adv., fine- ly, nicely. Feld, s. n., gen. -es, pi. -er, field ; Uber F., across field. Fell, s. n., gen. -(e)s, pi. -e, skin, hide, fur. F61s(en), s. m., gen. -en, -ens, dat. ace. -en, pi. en, rock; [com- jjare decl. of Glaube, etc.]. F61senw^d, s. f., pi. -wSnde, rock-wall, rocky wall. Funster, s.n. (from l^ai. fenestra), gen. -s, pi. — , window. fem(e), adv., distant, far off, in the distance ; compar. ferner, further, moreover, besides ; von f., from afar (off). F6me, s. f., pi. -n (rare), distance. F6rse, s. f., pi. -n, heel; [syn. Hacken.] fertig, adj., ready, done, finished, prepared. See p. 43, 1. 9, note. f^sseln, V. tr. w., to fetter, chain, bind. fest, adj., fast (not = "quick" but) tight, firm ; adv., fast, tight- ly, firmly. Fest, s.n., gen. -es, pi. -e, feast, festival. f^stlich, adj., festive, solemn ; adv., festively, etc. feucht, adj., damp, moist, dank. Feuer, s. n., gen. -s, pi. — , fire. Figiir, s. f. for., pi. -en, figure, form. finden, v. tr., fand, gefunden, to find; pers. refl., to find one's way, see p. 36, 1. 21 ; [impers. refl., to come about (of its own accord).] Finger, s. m., gen. -s, pi. — , finger. [Pron. Fing-er, as in "singer," not, as in Eng., "fing- ger."J finster, adj., dark, gloomy, sinis- ter ; [dunkel is used of physical gloom, finster also of character.] Fisch, s. m., gen. -es, pi. -e, fish. Flimme, s. f., pi. -n, flame. F14sche, s. f., pi. -n, flask, bottle. fl^ttern, v. intr. and n. w., to flutter. Fl^gel, s. m., gen. -s, pi. — , awk-. ward fellow, Door, lout. fl6hen, v. intr. w., to bfeg, entreat, pray. [Fleisch, s. n., gen. -es, no pi., flesh; meat; hence:] [Flefschor, s. m., gen. -s, pi. — , butcher; and:] Flefscherhiind, s. m., gen. -es, pi. -e, [butcher's dog;] cur. Fleiss, s. m., gen. -es, no pi., in- dustry, assiduity; mit F., on purpose, purposely ; industrious- ly, assiduously (Sch., 1. 161). fleissig, adj., industrious, assidu- ous ; adv., industriously. fliegen, v. n., fiog, gefiogen, to fly; [fiiehen = " flee."] fliessen, v. n., floss, gefiossen, to flow (of liquids). Flor, s. m., gen. -(e)s, pi. -e and Fl3re, gauze ; crape ; [also = i h ^ m n2 GLOSSARY. hlossom, nourishing condition, in which sense it has no pi ] Floss, s. m. and n., gen. -es, pi. FlBsze, floAt, raft ; [from flies- sen. J ~F16ssgeldnlc, s. n., gen. -(e)s, pi. -e, division of a raft ; dram. F16sshirr, s. m., gen. -n, pi. -en, raft-owner. flSszen [or fldzen], v. tr. w., to (loat (timber for a raft). Flazer, or Fltiszer, s. m., gen. -s, ])1. — , raftsman. Flozerkleidung, s. f., no pi., rafts- man's dress, rafting costume. Fldzerst&nge, s. f., pi. -n, rafts- man's ]K)le, pike-pole. Flozerstiefel, s. m., gen. -s, pi. \ - , raftsman's boots, water- > boots. Fluch, s. m., gen. -(ejs, pi. FlUche, curse; (pron. with long vowel.) [Eid = "oath, sworn pledge;" Flug = " flight."! fluchen, V. intr.w., to curse, swear, [u long; of profane swearing. Syn. schwfiren, "to take an oath," judicially or otherwise.] Flug, s. m., gen. -(e)s, pi. FlUge, flight ; im Fluge, in haste, fly- ing, quickly. flugs, adv. (gen. of prec), in haste, quickly, at once. Flur, s. f., pi. -en, [floor;] mead- ow, mead ; plain. Fluss, s. m., gen. -es, pi. FlUsse, river, stream. [fliissig, adj., liquid, fluid; hence:] Fltissigkeit, s. f., pi. -en, liquid. flijstem, V. intr. w., to whisper. Flut, s. f., pi. -en, flood, stream ; water. folgen, V. n. w., to follow; v. intr., to obey (gov. dat. of pens.). fdlgetid, partic. adj. from prec, no compar., following, subse- quent, next. fdlgsam, adj., obedient. foppen, V. tr. w., to tease, mock at, banter. fbrdern, v. tr. w., to ask, demand, insist on. fordem, v. tr. w., help on, promote. formen, v. tr. w., to form, shape. FBrster, s. m., gen. -s, pi. — , for- ester, ranger, game-keeper. fort, adv., away, off ; (of continu- "ance) on. f6rtfahren, v. intr. sep., fuhr, ge- fahren, fShrst, to go on, con- tinue; [v. n., to drive on, go on (with a journey, etc.) ; set off, depart.] fdrtkommen, v. n. sep., kam, ge- kommen, kSmmst or kommst. [to get away;] to get on (p. 15, 1. 8), to advance; to prosper. fdrtleben, v. intr. sep. w., to con- tinue living, live on. f6rtsetzen, v. tr. sep. w., [to set away, set aside, put away;] to continue, go on with. Fr4ge, s. f., pi. -n, question, que- ry; F. stehen, to answer any one's questions, give account to a pers. (dat. of pers.), [= Rede stehen.] fragen, v. tr., fragte or frug, ge- fragt, frSgst or fragest, friigt or fragt, to ask, inquire ; nach etwas f., to inquire about; to cal-e about, e.g., ich frage nichts danach, "I do not care for or about that." Frau, s. f., pi. -en, woman, lady, wife ; (as title before a proper name). Mistress, Mrs., Dame, as: F. Lisbet, Dame Elizabeth, p. 51, 1. 12, [more respectful than Weib. Dame, from Fr. datnc, = "lady."] frech, adj., bold, insolent; adv., boldly. frei, adj., free; adv., freely, mer- rily. freigeben, v. tr. sep., gab, gege- ben, gib, gibst, [to set free, set at liberty;] Einem etwas f., to allow a thing to a person, give him the choice of anything ; see p. 27, 1. 23. GLOSSARY. 133 ik, clemaiul, m, promote, rm, shape. 1)1. — , for- Lceper. (of contimi- y, fuhr, ge- go on, con- vc on, go on c); set off, p., kam, ge- or kommst. ret on (p. 1 5, ) prosper. 5. w., to con- I. 3. w., [to set ut away;] to h. [question, que- 3 answer any ,ve account to s.), [=Rede or fnig, ge- jragest, frSgt iquire; nach re about; to frage nichts t care for or [woman, lady, [ore a proper ^•s.. Dame, as: Elizabeth, p. tspectful than [om Fr. dame, Isolent ; adv., I, freely, mer- 1, gab, gege- set free, set etwas f., to J, person, give Inything; see freilassen, v. ir. sop., liess, ge- lassen, iSssest, the same as prcc. freilich, adv., to be sure ; of course. fremd, adj., strange, foreign; [der Fremde, "the stranger," ein Fremder, "a stranger " (m.).] fr^mdartig, adj., strange, foreign, outlandish; adv., strangely, etc. Freude, s. f., pi. -n, joy, delight, pleasure, gladness. [In the phrases, mit Freuden, "with pleasure," vor F., "for joy," (in which the noun is sing., not pi.,) the old weak term, of the dat. a])pears. See also Erde.] freudenlos,adj., joyless, unhappy, wretched, miserable. freiidig, adj., glad, joyful, delight- ed, pleased; adv., gladly, etc. Freudigkeit, s. f., no pi., joyous- ness, gladness, delight, pleasure. freuen, v. tr. refl., to be rejoiced, be glad, rejoice (gov. gen. or Uber with ace. of thing) ; v. tr. impers., to rejoice, to be glad (ace. of pers. corresponding to Eng. subj., as : es freut mich, I rejoice, am glad ; gov. gen. of thing, or tlber with ace). Freund, s. m., gen. -es, pi. -e, friend; fem. Freundin. freundlich, adj., friendly, kind; adv., kindly. Freundlichkeit,s.f., pl.-en, friend- liness, kindness, kindliness. [Fr6vel, s. m., gen. -s, pi. — , wrong, sin, crime.] fr^veln, v. intr. w., to sin, commit a crime, offend against (gov. gegen). Fridolin, s. m. prop., Fridolin (dim. form of Gottfried). Frieden, s. m., nom. Friede, -n ; gen. -n, -ns ; dat. accus. -n, no pi., peace. [Buchstabe, Fels, Glaube, Name, etc., have the same double forms of decl.] frisch, adj., fresh, lively, gay, 1)1 isk, cheerful, joyous ; frisch und gesund, sound and whole ; adv., freshly, briskly ; often used as interj., frisch ! frisc> auf! frisch zu ! courage ! cheer up ! look alive I onwards I Frist, s. f., pl.-en, (allotted space, of) time, time; (.set) term; res- pite ; delay ; hence : fristen, v. tr. w., -ete, gefristet, to respite, prolong, extend. F'ritz, s. m. prop., gen. -ens, Fred, Freddy; (shortened form of Friedrich.) froh, adj., glad, joyous, cheerful ; adv., gladly, etc. ; einer Sache (gen.) froh werden, to enjoy a thing; see p. 22, 1. 16, and note. frdhlich, adj. (from prec), joyous, merry,cheerf ul; adv., merrily, etc. fromm, adj., comp. frflmmer, pi- ous, good; kindly, affectionate; (of natural affection ; compare Lat. ////J.) frommen, v. impers. intr. w., to avail, be of use (dat. of pers.). Frdmmler, s. m., gen. -s, pi. — , person of pretended piety, hypo- crite ; [from frSmmeln, dim. v. fr. fromm, above.] frtih(e), adj., early; adv., early, soon ; mit dem frtihesten, adv. phrase, as early as possible, very early; morgen f., to-morrow morning. frtiher, adv. (compar. of prec), formerly, before. Fruhrot, s. n., gen. -(e)s, no pi., early dawn, dawn. [Fug, s. m., gen. -(e)s, no pi., right, authority ; mit F., rightly, by rights.] Fuge, s. f., pi. -n, joint; seam; mortise ; hence : fUgen, V. tr. w., to join, fit in, ac- commodate; V. refi., to accom- modate one's self to, submit to, acquiesce in (gov. in with ace). filhlen, v. tr. w., to feel, perceive ; see also note to p. 45, 1. 31. fuhllos, adj., unfeeling; adv., un- feelingly ; [= gefiihllos.] •■:.\ if. ■ j I lis ■ i ) i I'li'i ii ■I ! !| •34 C, LOSS A A' y. fUhren, v. tr. w., to lead, {jiiidc (cans, oi fahren) ; hear (a name, etc.). fiillen, V. tr. \v., to fill, replenish. fUnf(e), card, num., five; ord. fUnfte, fifth ; f. und zwanzig, twenty-five. |In derm, the units ahvays precede the tens in cartic. adj., -d, venomous, poi- sonous. Geist, s. m., gen. -es, i)l. -er, spir- it, sprite; [phantom, ghost;] dim. -chen, little s|)rite. Geiz, s. m., gen. -es, no pi., greed, avarice. geizig, adj., greedy, avaricious, mi.serly. Geliute, s. n. freq., gen. -s, no pi., ringing, pealing, peal (of bells). Geld, s. n., gen. -(e)s, i)l. -er, money. [Conn, with gelten, " to have value "]. G^ldmakler (or -makler), s. m., gen. -s, pi. — , money -broker, agent of exchange. G61drolle, s. f., pi. -n, roll of money. Gel^nk, s. n. limb, joint, part (as of gelenk). gelten, v. tr and intr., gait, gegol- ten, no imper., giltst, gilt, to 1)e worth, be of value ; was gilt's ? what will you wager? I'll wager (lit. what is it worth "i) ; [to have authority or influence;] fUr et- was g., to pass as (being worth) anythmg ; to be worth, to "^ gen. -(e)s, pi. -e, member; division, a raft; see Floss- be equal to (see p. 15, 1. 13); [(of money) to be current, genuine.] gem^ch, adv., soft, softly, gently ; interj., soft I gently! steady I gem^chlich, adj., comfortable; adv., comfortably, at ease. Gemefn(d)e, s. f., pl.-n, [commu- nity;] congregation. gen^sen, v. n. (sein), gends, ge- n^sen, to recover (from illness), get well, be convalescent ; to be delivered of (with von or gen.). genug, adv. of quant., enough, sufificient, sufficiently (generally follows its subst., and alway?^ the adj. it modifies). genugtun, v. intr. sep., tat, ge- tan, to do enough ; to satisfy ; crossARY. »37 mcorotis ; nous, pni- -er, spir- , ghost;! le. pi., greed, ivaricious, -8, no pi., (of bells). s, pi- -er. ;elten, " to cr), 8. m., ey- broker, n, roll of e)s, pi. -e, ; division, see Floss- ?alt, gegol- t, gilt, to be as gilt's? I'll wager ) ; [to have |e;] fur et- eing worth) rth, to be 1.13); [(5>^ genuine.] tly, gently ; steady I mfortable ; ease. , [commu- Igends, ge- |om illness), pent ; to be or gen.). , enough, (generally always the h, tat, ge- ito satisfy; V. rcfl., tt» satisfy one's self, be satisfied or content (dat of pers.). g(e)rad(e), adj., straight, upright; smooth, easy (p. 15, 1. 26); adv., just, just now; iust, exactly. gerAdeswigs, aiiv. gen. (fr. prec. and Weg), straightway, directly (of direction or time). [Do not translate "right off," or "right away," which are both bad Kng- lish.] ger&ten, v.n. insep., geriet, gera- ten, gerate, gertttst, gerKt, to get, come (to get into a particular position, situation, by accident or involuntarily; gov. in with ace. ; see also p. 33, 1. 3, note. [Qerit, s. n., gen. -(.c)s, pi. -e, tool ; hence:] Geritschaft, s. f., pi. -en, vessel, utensil, tool. Oericht, s. n., gen. -(e)8, pi. -e, judgment, sentence; court (from richten, " to judge ") ; [dish (of food), mess (from richten, "to prepare ").] Gerichtsdiener, s. m., gen. -s, pi. — , messenger of the court or of the law; bailiff; usher; tipstaff. gerfng, adj., slight, small; mean, base. gern(e), compar. lieber, superl. am liebsten, willingly, gladly; gerne tun, to be fond of doing, like to do; g. essen, trinken, to be fond of (eating, drinking). Ges4ng, s. m., gen. -(e)s, pi. Ge- sSnge, song (music, or words for singing) ; [in the latter sense. Lied is also used.] Geschaft, s. n., gen. -(e)s, pi. -e, business ; concern ; employment, occupation ; hence : geschaftig, adj., busy, occupied; adv., busily. gesch6hen, v. n. impers. in- sep., geschah, geschehen, no imper., geschieht, to happen, come to pass (with dat. of pers.) ; tu serve (as: es geschieht dir recht, "it serves you right"); take i)lacc, be done ; jetzt ist's um dich g., now it's all over, at an end, with you. Oesch^nk, s. n., gen. -(e)8, pi. -e, present, gift. Oeschfchte, s. f., pi. -n, history ; story; affair, concern; adven- ture [from geschehen, see above]. [Geschlck, s. n., gen. -(e)a, pi. -e, fate, lot, destiny; cleverness; adaptability; fitness; hence:] Geschfcklichkeit, s. f., no pi., skill, skilfulness, dexterity, clev- erness, adroitness. geschfckt, adj., skilful, clever, dexterous, adroit ; adv., skilfully, etc. Geschl^cht, s. n., gen. -es, pi. -er, race, stock ; sex. geschmefdig, adj., supple, flex- ible, pliant; [tractable.] geseenet, partic. adj. [blessed; ana hence :] successful, pros- perous; seep. 16,1. I. Ges n., gen. -s, pi. — , [moulding, cornice; sill; mantel- piece ;] shelf. Gesinde, s. n. coll., gen. -s, no pi., the servants (of a household, collectively). Gesindel, s.n. coll., gen.-s, no pi., rabble, mob ; rapscallions, raga- muffins, vagabonds. G(e)stafr, s. n., gen. -s, pi. — , part of a raft, dram (= Flossgelenk, see above). Gest^t, s. f., pi. -en, shape, form, figure (from stellen.) gest6hen, v. tr. irreg. insep., ge- stdnd, gest&nden, to confess, admit. Ihl; n \», ¥i} i3« GLOSSAh'V. g6stem, aclv, of time, yesterday. gesi^nd, adj., compar. gesUnder, sound, healthy. getdn, part, of tun, "to do." GevAtter, s. m., gen. -s, pi. — , godfather, sponsor [ ; gossip]. gewahren, v. tr. insep. w., to grant, allow (dat. of pers.) ; g. lassen, to let a person do as he pleases, leave him to himself, to his own devices. Gew<, s. f., pi. -en, power, might; violence. gewdltig, adj., powerful, mighty ; adv., powerfully ; mightily, very, very much. Gevsr&nd, s. n., gen. -(e)s, pi. Ge- wSnder, garment, robe. gew^ndt, partic. adj. (from wen- den, " to turn "), quick, clever, skilful ; mit schnell -em Sinn, with quick and apt sense. Sch. 1. 178. * gewartig, adj., expectant of, ex- pecting (gen. of obj.) ; g. sein, to expect. Gew6rbe, s. n., gen. -s, pi. — , [trade, craft, business, occupa- tion ;] business, property (see p. 29, 1. 3). gew6sen, part, of sein, " to be." Qewicht, s. n., gen. -(e)s, pi. -e, weight. Gewinn, s. m., gen. -(e)s, pi. -e, gain, earnings, winnings. gewinnen, v. tr. insep., gewann, gewonnen, to win, gain. gewiss, adj., sure, certain (like Eng. "certain," sometimes with indef. meaning) ; adv., surely, I certainly, doubtless, no doubt. Gewissen, s n., gen. -s, pi. — , con- science [from wissen ; compare • " conscience " fr. Lat. scire, " to know "]. gewisslich, adv., assuredly, cer- tainly. Gewitter, s. n., gen. -s, pi. — , thunder-storm, storm, tempest. gew6hnen, v. tr., to accustom ; v. refl., to accustom one's self, be- come accustomed, get used to (gov. an with ace.) ; partic. adj., -t, accustomed, used; usual, or- dinary [conn, with wohnen, "dwell"]. Gew6hnheit, s. £., pi. -en, custom, habit, usage, gewohnlich, adj., usual, common, customary, general ; adv. usually, ger erally, etc. gi(e)ng, impf. of gehen, "to go." giessen, v. tr., goss, gegossen, to pour. Gift, s.n. (sometimes m.), gen.-(e)s, pi. -e, poison, venom [f. = "gift," now hardly used exc. in comp. Mitgift "dowry;" both conn. with geben] ; hence : giftig, adj., poisonous, venomous; (metaphor.) spiteful, malicious, venomous. Gipfel, s. m., gen.-s, pi. — , top, summit. Glaich, s.n., gen. -(e)s, pi. -e (or, as subst. of measure, — ), member, part, link, dram (of a raft) [dial. for Gleich = Ge - leich ; see gleich, below]. glSnzen, V. intr. w., to shine, glitter, glanzend, adj. (part, of prec), shining, glittering, brilliant, bright. Glas, s. n., gen. -es, pi. GlSser, glass (the substance, or vessel of that substance). glisem, adj., of glass [; glassy]. Gl&sh^ndwerk, s. n., gen. -(e)s, no pi., glass-trade, glass-busi- ness, manufacture of glass. GldshUtte, s. f., pi. -n, glass-works. Gldsmachen, s. n. comp. (inf.), gen. -s, no pi., glass-making, manufacture of glass. Gldsmacher, s. m., gen. -s, pi. — , glass-maker, glass-blower. Gl^smann, s. m., gen. -(e)s, pi. -manner (of individuals), or -leute (of the class), glass-man ; glass-maker, glass-blower ; dim. -mMnnlein, (ilass-mannikin (as \no\i. name). f \ used to tic. adj., isual, or- wohnen, I, custom, common, •i. usually, "to go." ;ego88en, een.-(e)s, ;="gi£t," , in comp. loth conn. /enomous ; malicious, pi.—, top, ,l.-e(or,as ), member, \ raft) [dial, eich; see line, glitter, of prec), brilliant, Ipl. Giaser, or vessel ; glassy], gen. -(e)s, glass-busi- Iglass. ^lass-works. )mp. (inf). iss-making, |n.-s, pi.—, jwer. [i. -(e)8, pi. liduals), or glass-man ; lower; dim. lannikin (as / \ \ * GLOSSARY. 139 J "■ Gl^szwerg, s. m., gen. -(e)s, pi. -e, glass-dwarf, glass-mannikin. Gldube(n), s. m., gen. -n or -ns, dat. ace. -n, pi. -n, faith, belief [; compare decl. of Funke, Ge- danke, etc.] gUuben, v. tr. and intr., to believe, credit, dat. of pers. Gl^ubiger, s. m., gen. -s, pi. — , creditor. gleich, adj., no compar., equal, like, similar, the same; n. ein gleiches, the same (thing) ; adv. (of manner) equally ; (of time) at once (= sogleich). [See also obgleich; orig ge-leich, coll.; compare Glaich, above.] ^leCchgiltig, adj., indifferent, list- less, unconcerned. gleiten, v. n. ^litt, geglitten, to glide, slip, slide, Glied, s. n., gen.-(e)s, pi. -er, limb, member (of body, &c.). von starken G., strong of limb, p. i, 1. 8.; part, compartment, dram (of a raft) =: GeI6nk, Glaich [see above]. Glocke, s. f., pi. -n, bell ; dim., Gltfcklein. Gldckenstrang, s. m., gen. -(e)s, pi. -strMnge, bell-rope. GlUck, s. n., gen. -(e)s, no pi., luck, fortune ; happiness ; zum G., luckily, fortunately. glUcken, v. n. impers. w., to suc- ceed (dat. of jiers. succeeding, as : es glUckt mir, " I suc- ceed "). glulcklich, adj., happy; fortunate; lucky; adv. happily, luckily, &c. gluckselig, adj., happy, blissful. glUhen, V. intr. w., to glow, grow hot, get red hot. gluhend, adj. (part, of prec), glowing, red-hot. Glut, s. f ., pi. -en, glow, heat. Gnade, s. f., pi. -n, grace, mercy. [The pi. is used as a title of dis- tinction, as : Euer or Ihro Gna- den, "Your Honour."] gnadig, adj., gracious, merciful ; adv., mercifully. Gold, s. n., gen. -es, no pi., gold. [Pron. o short, as in Gott, not long, as in the Eng. equivalent.] golden [gulden], adj., no compar., golden, of gold, gold. GdtldstUck, s. n., gen. -(e)s, pi. -e, gold-piece, gold coin. Gott, s. m., gen. -es, pi. G6tter, (lod, divinity, deity; der liebe G., the good God, God who is good (a favorite appellation in Ger.) ; um Gotteswillen, for God's sake ; for nothing, gratis, gratuitously (Sch., 1. 9). Gdtteshaus, s. n., gen. -es, pi. -hMuser, God's house, house of God, church. Graben, s. m., gen. -s, pi. GrSben, ditch. graben, v. tr. and intr., grub, ge- graben, grSbst, to dig, delve. Grad, s. m., gen. -(e)s, pi. -e, step ; degree. grad(e) ; see g(e)rad(e). Graf, s. m., gen. -en, pi. -en, count, earl (title of nobility). Grifin, s. f., pi. -innen, countess. Gram, s. m., gen. -e(s), no pi., grief, sorrow. Gras, s.n., gen. -es, pi. GrSser, grass. grau, adj., no compar., gray. grauen, v. tr. and intr. impers. w., to shudder, feel horror, awe, or dread (dat. or ace. of pers., or with prep, vor gov. obj., e. g., mir graut vor ihm, I have a horror, I shudder at him) [conn, with prec] Grauen, s. n. (inf. of prec), -s, no pi,, horror, awe, terror. graulich, adj., [greyish;] horrible, awful, terrible, dreadful; adv. horribly, etc. gravitlitisch, adj. for., grave, digni- fied, solemn; pompous; adv., with dignity, with gravity, grave- ly, solenuily, pompously. wli r * m K ''IP i Hi 140 GLOSSARY. \V Greis, s. m., gen.-es, pi. -e, old man (lit. gray-haired), aged man. Grenze, s. f., pi. - n, boundary, limit. Gr6te, s. f. prop., Madge, Maggie (nickname for Margarete ; dim. Gretchen ; see p. 30, 1. 8, and note). Grimm, s. m., gen.-(e)8, no pi., rage, fury, anger ; hence : grfmmig, ad]., enraged, angry, furious, grim, savage, fierce ; adv., furiously, fiercely, etc. grinsen, v. intr. w., to make a grimace, distort the mouth [usu- ally of a horrible grimace, not comical, like Eng. "grin"; com- pare Milton's "grinned horrible a ghastly smile ' j ; part. adv. -d, with a grimace, or horrid grin, Sch. 1. 197. grob, adj., compar. grSber, coarse, rude; adv., coarsfely, etc. GroU, s. m., gen. -(e)s, pi. (rare) -e and GrOlIe, grudge, rancour, animosity, spite. grosz, adj., compar. grdszer, sup. gr{5szt, great, large, big, tall; gi and. Gr6szvater, s. m., gen. -s, pi. -vater, grandfather. grUn, adj., green. Gnind, s.m., gen.-(e)8, pl.GrUnde, ground, bottom ; foundation ; soil ; zu G. richten, to ruin, de- stroy (lit. *' run into the ground"); zu G. gehen, to go to destruc- tion, be destroyed ; go to the bot- tom. G'stair, s. n., see Gestair, above. gucken [or kucken], v. intr. w., to look, peep. Gtilden, s. m., gen. -s, pi. — , flo- rin (silver coin, formerly in com- mon circulation in Southern Ger- many, and still so in Austria). Gut, s. n., gen. -(e)s, pi, GUter, estate; property; possession. gut, adj., compar. besser, sup. best, good; kind; adv. well (see wohl); gut tun, impers.. to do good, be profitable (see p. 29, I. ID, and note) ; etwas zu gute tun, to confer a kindness, do a kindness, treat kindly (dat. of person) ; sich etwas zu g^t tun, to give one's self a treat; e» gut haben, to be well off, p. 41, 1. 12; wieder gut machen, to make up for a thing; gut sein (with dat. of pers.), to be fond of, to love ; s. n. , das Gute, what is good, the good part ; see p. 54, 1- 7- gfutig, adj., kind, kindly; adv., kindly. giitmUtig, adj., good-natured; adv., good-naturedly, etc. Giittat, s. f., pi. -en, good deed, benefit; charity. H H, the eighth letter of the alpha- bet, is never mute at the begin- ning of a word or syll. ; it is mute between two vowels, or be- fore a consonant. It occurs in combination with c, and in for- eign (Greek) words, with p. The orthography followed in this edi- tion rejects it entirely after t. Haar, see Har. Habe, s. f., no pi., property, goods ; Gut und H. =: •' goods and chat- • tels." haben, v. tr., aux.' of tense, irreg.^ hatte, gehabt, hast, hat, to have, possess [used as aux. with perf. and plupf. of all trans, and refl., and many intrans. verbs] ; inn(e) h., [to be possessed of;] to master, to know by heart or thoroughly (Sch., 1. i8o) ; es gut h., to be well off. hacken, V. tr. and intr. w., to hack, hew; pick (with a pick-axe). Hahn, s. m., gen. -(e)s, pi. HShne, cock. Hain, s. m., gen. -(e)s, pi. -e, grove, wood. r 1 H GLOSSARY. 141 : (see p. wras zu mdness, lly (dat. zu gut a treat; }\ off, p. nachen, ig; gut ,), to be as Gute, jart; see y; adv., -natured ; ;tc. )od deed. the alpha- the begin- yll. ; it is rels, or be- occurs in nd in for- ithp. The Tin this edi- after t. ■ty, goods ; Is and chat- Inse, irreg., , hat, to . aux. with trans, and ns. verbs] ; [essed of;] ly heart or |o) ; es gut ., to hack, ^k-axe). jl. Hahne, |)s, pl. -e. halb, adj. fract. num., half [like ganz, is not decl. before subst. not accompanied by the art., etc. (which always precedes it), as: halb Frankreich, das halbe Frankreich ; eine halbe Stun- de, half an hour]. hdlber [or -n], prep., on behalf of, on account of (gov. gen., and al- ways follows its case) ; [the form -n is used after the pers. prons., as meinethalben.] Haifte, s. f., pl. -n, half (one of two equal portions of a whole). Hals, s. m-, gen.-es, pl. HSlse, throat, neck [the front of the neck or throat; Nacken is the back of the neck, nape]. halt, adv., to be sure, certainly, you know (p. 26, 1. 17) [=freilichor ja; a very common colloquial form in South Germany]. halt ! inter]., hold I stop ! (impei . 01 foil.) halten, v. tr., hielt, gehalter h^tst, halt, to hold; to keep (p. 40, 1. 26); observe, keep (a custom, etc., p. 28, 1. 30, and note) ; to think (p. 55, 1. 22) ; es mit einem h., to adhere, stick to (p. 60, 1. 1 1, and note) ; h. ftir, to take for, esteem as; v. refi., to hold one's self, keep one's self (p. 29, 1. 3, and note) ; behave one's self; v. intr., to halt, stop ; V. intr. impers., to be, e. g., schwer h., to be difBcult, a mat- ter of difficulty (p. 58, 1. 31). H^tung, s. f., pl. -en, posture, carriage ; behaviour, conduct. Hdmmer, s. m., gen. -s, pl. Ham- mer, [hammer; ] forge (=Ei8en- hammer). Hand, s. £., pl. HSnde, hand; an die H., or zur H. gehen, to help, assist (dat. of pers.) ; bei der H. sein, to be on hand, at hand. hdndbreit, adj., no compar., as broad as a hand, of a hand's breadth. H^ndbreit(e), s. £., pl. -n, hand's- breadth. Hdndel, s. m., gen. -s, no pl., trade, commerce ; oargain ; Handels einig sein or werden, to make a bargain, be agreed, agree on a bargam; see p. 30, 1. 11. [The pl. HUndel means "a quarrel."] hdndeln, v. intr. w., to trade, make a bargain; deal in (gov. mit). Hdndgriff, s. m., gen. -(e)s, pl. -e, handle ; trick (of trade) ; dexter- ity; manipulation. Handler, s. m., gen. -s, pl. — , dea- ler, tradesman. H&ndlung, s. f., pl. -en, act, action (Sch., 1. 184); business, trade; hence : Htodlungsh^us, s. n., gen. -es, pl. -hSuser, commercial house, firm. Flindwerk, s. n. comp., gen. -(e)s, T '.-e, trade, mechanical occupa- ■- >n (lit. hand-work). ::irfngen, v. intr., hieng, eehan- gen, hitngst, to hang, be sus- pended. hSngen, v. tr. w., to hang up, sus- end. [This and the prec. are often interchanged.] H?., s. n., gen. -es, pl. -e, hair. h&rt, adj., compar. hSrter, hard; harsh. h&rtherzig, adj., hard-hearted, un- feeling. Harz, s. m., gen. -es, pl. -e, resin, pine-gum. [hassen, v. tr. w., to hate; hence:] h^sslich, adj., [hateful;] ugly. [Hast, s. f., no pl., haste, speed ; hence :] h&stig, adj., hasty, speedy, quick ; adv., hastily, etc. Hauch, s. m., gen. -(e)s, pl. -e, breath ; whiff, puff. hauchen, v. intr. w., to breawie. hauen, v. tr., hieb, gehauen, to hew, chop. Hauer, s. m., gen. -s, pl. — , hewer, chopper, axe-man. J' -I v. 1 ll ifl 142 GLOSSARY. r ' r) 1 1 [Haufe(n), s. m., gen. -ns or -n, dat. ace. -n, pi. -n, heap, pile ; hence:] h^ufenweise, adv. phrase, in heaps. Haupt, s. n., gen. -(e)s, pi. HSup- ter, head, chief; frequently used as prefix to substs., principal, chief. [Syn. Kopf. Haupt is used in choice or elevated lan- guage ; they are both of the same origin as Lat. caput, "head."] H&uptfehler, s. m., gen. -s, pi. — , principal or chief fault. H^uptgeschlift, s. n., gen. -(0)8, pi. -e, chief or principal business. Haus, s. n., gen. -es, pi. HUuser, house, abode, dwelling; dim. HSuschen, hut, 'cottage, hovel ; nach H., home (motion to) ; zu H., at home (rest in); H. urvd Hof , house and home ; see also note to p. 42, 1. 9. hdusen, v. intr. w., to dwell, live ; to haunt (gov. in with dat.) [; arg or libel h., to make sad havoc] Hdusfrau, s. f., pi. -en, housewife, mistress of the house. Hduswesen, s. n., gen. -s, pi. — , household, domestic affairs. Hduswirt, s.m., gen. -(e)s, pi. -e, host, master of the house [; land- lord]. Haut, s. f., pi. HSute, skin; hide. heben, v. t*-., hoj or hub, |feho- ben, to heave, raise, lift ; m die HOhe h., to raise up, lift up. h^ftig, adj., violent ; adv. violently. Heil, s. n., gen. -(e)s, no pi., sal- vation, rescue, saving; weal, good. [See foil.] [heil, adj., whole, sound ; healed ; conn, with Eng. "whole" and " heal, " " hale, " Scotch " haill ; " hence:] heilig, adj., holy, sacred. heiligen, v. tr. w., to make holy, sanctify, consecrate. Heiligtum, s. n., gen, -(e)s, |)1 -turner, sanctuary; holy place [or object]. heim, adv. of place, lioni(; (motion to), homeward [also used as subst. n. ; " at home "= daheim]. Hefmat, s. f., pi. -en, home, abode ; native place. hefmatlich, adj., of or belonging to home, homelike ; native. heir- j'ehen, v. n. sep., gieng, ge- g gen, to go home. heiinlich, adj. homely, homelike; adv., at home (see p. 64, 1. 22) [more frequently = "secret, con- ctaled"]. Heimweh, s. n., no pi , homesick- ness, longing lor home. heimziehen, v. n. sep., zog, ge- zogen, to go home, march home ; V. tr., to draw or attraci: home- wards. [Hefrat, s. f., pi. -en, marriage, wedlock; hence:] hefraten, v. tr. and intr. w., -etc, ge — et, to wed, marry. helsa! inter]., hurrah! heiser, adj., hoarse; adv., hoarsely. heiss, adj., hot; adv., hotly. heissen, v. intr., hiess, geheis- sen, to be called, named (thus : er heisst Karl, "his name is Charles"); impers., to be said, asserted (p. 50,1.31); v. tr., to name, call (a person by a name, etc.) ; to order, bid. heiter, adj., cheerful ; adv., cheer- fully. heizen, v. tr. w., to heat, warm; partic.adj.,ge-t, heated, warmed. helfen, v. intr. half, geholfen, hilf, hilfst, to help, assist (dat. of pers.). hell, adj., bright, light, clear (of sight) ; clear (of sound). Helle, s. f., no pi., brightness, clearness, light. Heller, s. m., gen. -s, pi. — , a small coin, farthing. h^Uschlagend, adj. and adv., with clear stroke (of a bell, Sch. 1. 142). Hanker, s. m., gen. -s, pi. — , hang- man, executioner. motion , sed as hcim]. abode ; longing re. ng, ge- melike ; 4, 1. 22) ret, con- GLOSSARY. 143 sick- ame !Og, ge- ;h home ; ci home- narriage, w., -etc, , hoarsely. 3tly. , geheis- led (thus: name is 5 be said, V. tr., to y a name, Iv., cheer- It, warm; , warmed, igeholfen, ssist (dat. clear (of brightness, pi.—, a J adv., with 111, Sch. 1. .— ,hang- H6nkerslust, s. f., no pi., hang- man's delight, brutal pleasure ; ferocity. (Sch., 1. io6.) her, adv., hither. [Indicates motion or direction toward the speaker or spectator. Nearly all verbs of mot'on, compounded with preps, or particles indicating di- rection, further indicate also the direction to or from by prefixing either her or hin (the latter meaning "hence," motion or di- rection from speaker or specta- tor). Thus, ausgehen simply " to go out," hinausgehen, " to go out from " (the house, etc.) ; aufgehen, "to rise " (of the sun, etc.) ; hinaufgehen, " to go up " (to a particular place), ;tc.]; hin und her, hither and thither, up and "down, to and fro, this way and that (p. 54, 1. 11.) herdbflattern, v. n. sep. w., to flutter down, come fluttering down. herdbkommen, v. n. sep., kam, ge- kommen, kcinimst or kommst, to come down (from above to- ward the speaker). her^brUcken, v. n. sep. w., to move down, slide down. herdbwerfen, v. tr. sep., warf, geworfen, wirf, wirfst, to throw down to (dat. of pers.). herdn, adv., up to, toward [=her- bei]. herdnkeuchen, v. n. sep. w., to come up panting. herdnwanken, v. n. sep. w., to approach with tottering steps, come tottering up. her^uf, adv., up to, toward [of up- ward motion, to an olij. above ; heran, of approach to an obj. on the same plane; comp. Gloss, under an and auf.] her^uffahren, v. n. sep., fuhr, ge- fahren, fShrst, to drive up to. herduffischen, v. tr. sep. w., to fish up. her&ufkommen, v. n. sep., kam, or to gekommen, kfimmst kommst, to come up. her&ufwandeln, v. n. sep. w walk up to, approach. her&ufziehen, v. tr., to pull up, draw jp; v. n., to move up, ap-" proach. herdus, adv., out to or toward. herAusfallen, v. n. sep., fiel, ge- fallen, fSllst, to fall out. her&uskommen, v. n. sep., kam, gekommen, k5mmst or kommst, to come out, issue, come forth. herduslangen, v. tr. w., to hand out [ ; V. intr., to reach out]. her^usnehmen, v. tr. sep., nahm, genommen, iiimm, nimmst, to take [ ; sich etwas h., to take a liberty, presume]. hei:&usziehen, v. tr. sep., zog, gezogen, to pull out, draw forth (out of one's pocket, etc.) [; v. n., to march forth, pass out]. herbei, adv., up to, close to [ = herdn.] herbeibnngen, v. tr. sep. irreg., br^chte, gebracht, to bring up, bring. herein, adv., in toward. hereinkommen, v. n. sep., kam, gekommen, k5mmst or kommst, to come in (toward a pers. within). hereinreichen, v. tr. sup. w., to reach in, hand in (at a window, etc.) ; v. intr., to reach into, ex- tend into. herefnschauen, v. intr. sep. w., to look in, gaze in (at a window, etc.). h6rfallen, v. n. sep., fiel, gefallen, fallst, to fall upon, attack, (gov. Uber with ace.) h^rgshen, v. n. sep., gieng, ge- gangen, to go along ; v. impers., to goon; es gieng hoch her, " there were great goings on." h6rkommen, v. n. sep., kam, ge- kommen, k5mmst or kommst, to come along (from a particular quarter). II :! 'i 144 GLOSSARY. r W ! hernAch, adv. of time, afterward, subsequently (= nachher). Herr, s. m., gen.-n, pi. -en, gen- tleman; master; lord; [as title = Mr.] h^rrlich, adj., glorious, splendid, magnificent, grand ; adv., grand- ly, etc. Htrrlichkeit, s. f., pi. -en, gran- deur, splendour, magnificence. h^rschreiben, v. refl. impers. sep., schrieb, geschrieben, to oe traced from, originate, date from (gov. von). h^rschreiten, v. n. sep., schritt, geschritten, to stride along, march along. ta^rsenden, v. tr. sep. irreg., -ete or sandte, ge — et or gesandt, to send hither (to a pers.). herilber, adv., over to, across (to the side on which the speaker is). \ herdberfahren, v. n. sep., fuhr, gefahren, fShrst, to drive over. heiilberfallen, v. n. sep., fiel, ge- fallen, fKllst, to fall over, fall across (on the side of the speaker or spectator). heruberkommen, v. n. sep., kam, gekommen, ktfmmst or kommst, to come over or across. herUm, adv., around, about; (of time) over, past, ended, (with gegangen understood.) herimziehen, v. n. sep., zog, ge- zogen, to move about, wander about; stroll about; partic adj., -d, strolling, vagabond [ ; v. tr., to pull or draw around]. herv6r, adv., forth. herv6rblitzen, v. intr. sep. w., to flash forth. herv6rbringen, v. tr. sep. irreg., brachte, gebracht, to bring forth, produce, utter, give vent to. herv6rgucken, v. intr. sep. w., to look forth, peep out. herv6rkcmmen, v. n. sep., kam, fekommen, ktfmmst or ommst, to come forth, issue. herv6rlocken, v. tr. sep. w. , to en- tice forth, draw forth. herv6rschauen, v. intr. sep. w., to look forth or out. herv6rtreten.. v. n. sep., trat, ge- treten, tritt, trittst, tritt, to »e forward or forth, ht.. .<• nshen, v. tr. sep., zog, ge- zogen, to draw forth, pull out. Herz, s. n., gen. -ens, dat.-en, pi -en, heart; (sich) etwas zu H. nehmen, to take a thing to heart. h^rzig, adj., acar, pretty, winning; adv., dearly, prettily, winningly. [dist. f r. -lich, " hearty, cordial. "] hetzen, v. tr. and intr. w., to set on, incite (dogs). Heu, s. n., gen.-(e)s, no pi., hay; wie H., like hay, /. e., plenty of it; see p. 25, 1. 31, Geld wie Heu; and compare Eng. "cheap as dirt." H^uchelschein, s. m., gen.-(e)s, no pi., hypocritical appearance, pretence, hypocrisy, heulen, v. intr. w., to howl. ' heut(e), adv. of time, to-day ; h. Nacht, to-night; h. Morgen, this morning, hieb, impf. of hauen. hielt, impf. of halten. hie, bier, adv. of place, here, in this place; hie(r) und da, here and there [the former is the older form], hierin, adv., herein, in liiis. Hilfe [or HUlfe], s. f., no pi., help, assistance, aid, succour. hilflos, adj., helpless. Himmel, s. m., gen. -s, pi. — , heaven, hfmmel^n, heavenward, hinj adv., hence (motion from the speaker or spectator. See her, of which it is the opposite) ; bin und her, hither and thither, up and down, to and fro; see also under her. iiil GLOSSARY. 145 hin4b,adv., down, downward; also used as postposition, as: den Berg h., down the mountain, hin&bfahren, v. n. sep., fuhr, ge- fahreo, filhrst, to go down, de- scend, hin&bflttszen, v. tr. sep. w., to flo<>,t down (in a raft). hin&bgehen, v. n. sep., gieng, ge- gangen, to go down, descend, hin&bsinken, v. n. sep., sank, ge- sunken, to sink down, fall down, go down, c' ;scend. hindbspringen, v. n. sep. , sprang, gesprungen, to jump down, leap down ; run down, hin^bsteigen, v. n. sep., stieg, gestiegen, to go down, descend, hindn, adv., up, up from (the speaker, etc.) ; upwards [opp. of hindb ; = hinduf]. hintogehen, v. n. sep., gieng, gegangen, to go up, ascend. hin4nklimmen, v.n.sep., [klumm, geklommen, or] w., to climb up, clamber up. hinduf, adv., up (from) ; upwards. hindufbSumen, v. refl. sep. w., to raise one's self up, rise erect (see p. 24, 1. 8). hindufjagen, [v. tr. sep. w., to chase up, hunt up;] v. n., to hasten up, run up, scamper up. hindufschauen, v. intr. sep. w., to look up, glance up. hin&ufziehen, v. tr. sep., zog, ge- zogen, to pull up, draw up; V. n., to move up, march up. hindus, adv., out, outward (from). hindusgehen, v. n. sep., gieng, gegangen, to go out or forth from a particular place ; aus- gehen means simply to go out for a walk, etc. hin&uslaufen, v. n. sep., lief, ge- laufen, ISufst, to run forth, run out. hiniusreichen, v. tr. and intr. sep. w., to reach forth, reach out. hin&usreiten, v. n. sep., ritt, ge- ritten, to ride forth or out. sep. irreg., to run out. hin&usrennen, v. n rannte, gerannt, rush out. hiniusweiTen, v. tr. sep., warf, geworfen, wirf, wirfst, to throw out, cast forth. hfnderlich, adj., hindering, ob- structive (from foil.); adv., with- out success, ill, see p. 57, 1. 24, and note. [hindem, v. tr. w., to hinder; arc- both conn, with hinter, be- hind.] hindiirch, adv., through, through- out; frequently used like a prep, after an ace. , as : den ganzen Tag hindurch, " the whole day long." hinefn, adv., into, inwards (when the speaker is without). hinefnfUhren, v. tr. sep. w., to lead in, bring in. hinefnschauen, v. intr. sep. w., to look into, gaze i"to. hineinsetzen, v. tr. sep. w., to set in, put in. hineinstehen, v itr. sep.. stand, gestanden, impf. subj., stUnde or stSnde, to stand in [hinefn is incorrectly used by Hauff with a verb implying rest, not motion ; see p. 3, 1. 27]. hineinwa^^en, v. refl. sep. w., to venture m. hinfahren, v. n. sep., fuhr, ge- fahren, fShrst, to drive or go away (to a remote place) ; go on, proceed, move along; depart (this life), die (p. 54, 1. 8). [hinfallen, v. n. sep., fiel, gefal- len, fiillst, to fall down, tumble ; hence:] hfnfSllig, adj., feeble, decrepit. hingehen, v. n. sep., gieng, ge- gangen, to go away (to a remote place), pass away; pass (p. 24, 1. 29) ; etwas h. lassen, to let a thing pass (without notice), pass it by, overlook it. hinianglich, adj., sufficient; adv., sufficiently, enough. ^!l 146 GLOSSARY. r\ hfnschauen, v. intr. sep. w., to luok away ; vor sich h., tu look down (to the ground). [hinscheiden, v. n. sep., schied, eeschieden, to depart ; to die.] Hinscheiden, .s. n. (inf. of prec), gen. -s, no pi., departure ; de- cease, death. hfnschielen, v. intr. sep. w., to look askance, squint (off in any direc- tion ; gov. nach). hinstrecken, v. tr., to stretch forth or out; V. n. sep. w., to stretch along, extend. hfnten, adv. of place, at the back, behind ; to be dist. from foil. hinter, prep. gov. dat. or ace, behind, after. Hinterfusz, s. m. comp., gen. -es, pi. -fUsze, hind-foot. hinw6g, adv., away, off. hinw^gblasen, v. tr. sep., blies, geblasen, blSsest, to blow away. hfnweisen, v. intr. sep., wies, ge- wiesen, to point to. hinzShlen, v. tr. sep. w., to count down, count out (to a person). hinzii, adv. of place, up to (a re- mote place). hinzi^setzen, v. tr. sep. w., to add to. Hitze, s. f., no pi., heat. hob (or hub), impf. of heben, "lift." hoch, adj.. compar. hOher, superl. hOchst; when in declension a vowel follows, c is dropped, as hohe, hohes, etc., high, lofty; adv., highly ; h. und teuer, see p. 34, and note. hdchbegn^det, partic. adj., highly favoured. hdcherhaben, adj., (highly) ex- alted, lofty. Hdchmut, s. m. comp. , gen.-(e)s, no pi., haughtiness, pride, arrogance; [an unpardonable pride ; Stolz may be a pardonable pride.] hochstens, superl. adv., absolute, at most; [h6chst = exceedingly, most : am htfchsten most highly.] Hof, s. m., gen. -(e)8, pi. HOfe, yard ; court (of a palace ; hence of a king or prince); fa^m-yard; Haus und H., house and land. hof fen, V. intr. w., to hope, hope for (gov. auf with ace. of thing). [h6flicn, adj., courtly, polite, cour- teous (fr. Hof, see above) ; hence:] Hoflichkeit, s. f., pi. -en, polite- ness, courtesy. Htfhe, s. f . , pl.-n, height ; in die H., up, on high ; einen Sprung in die H. machen, to (take a) leap into the air; p. 21, 1. 11. holen, V. tr. w., to fetch, bring. Hdlland, s. n. prop., gen. -s, no pi., Holland. Hdllknder, s. m. prop., gen. -s, pi. — , native of Holland, Dutch- man. hdllilndisch, adj. prop., of Hol- land, Dutch. HdUe, subst. f., no pi., hell (infer- nal world). Holz, s. n., gen. -es, pi. -e and Htfl- zer, wood; timber [= Biuholz] ; forest, wood [= Gehdlz]. holzem, adj., wooden, of wood. HdlzfSllen, s. n. (inf.), gen. -s, no pi., felling wood, chopping tim- ber or trees. Hdlzfailer, s. m., gen. -s, pi. — , hewci )f wood, axeman [== Holz- hauer, below]. H61zhandel, s. m., gen. -s, no pi., timber-trade. H61zhauer, s. m., gen. -s, pi. — , hewer of wood, wood-chopper, axeman [= H61zf3ller, above]. Hdlzherr, s. m., gen. -n, pi. -en, timber-merchant, timber-king. horchen, v. intr. w., to hearken, listen (gov. auf with ace. of obj.). hSren, v. tr. and intr. w., to hear (gov. ace, or auf with ace, in sense of ''hearkening to "). Horn, s. n., gen. -(e)s, pi. H5r- ner, horn. '' GLOSSARY. 147 [Hort, s. m., gen. -(e)s, pi. -e, treasure (in comp. Nibelungen- h., see below).] Hose, s. f., pi. -n, hose, breeches, trousers. H6sentrilger, s. m. pi., braces, sus- penders. hub (or hob), impf. ind. of heben. Hti^el, s. m., gen. -s, pi. — , hill, hillock. Huld, s. f., no pi., favour, grace; graciousness, benignity. HUlfe, hUlflos, see Hilfe, hilflos. Hillle, s. f., pi. -n, [cover, cover- ing ; cloak, veil, disguise ;] body (P- 53. 1- ")• Hund, s. m., gen. -(e)8, pi. -e, dog [Eng. "hound," used only for hunting-dogs] ; dim. HUndchen, -lein, n. hiindert, card, num., pi. -e, a hun- dred, one hundred [the num. (or art.) ein is seldom expressed in Germ.]. hiinderttilusend, card, num., pi. -e, a hundred thousand. hiirtig, adj., quick, nimble, hasty; adv., quickly, etc. hlisteln, V. intr. w., to cough ; to give a little dry cough ; dim. of hi^sten, to cough. Hut, s. m., gen. -(e)s, pi. HUte, hat ; dim. HUtchen, HUtlsin, n. ; dist. from foil. [Hut, s. f., no pi., heed, guard, pro- tection, ward ; auf der H. seir, to be on one's guard.] hviten, v. tr. w., -ate, ge — et (from prec), to watch over, protect, guard; v. refl., to be on one's guard (gov. vor with dat. of obj.). Hutte, s. f., pi. -n, hut, cot, cot- tage. I, the ninth letter of the alphabet and third vowel, has the sound of t'l' in /u'cl when long; of / in skin when short. ich, pers. pron., first pers. sing., gen. meiner or mein, dat. snir, ace. mich, pi. nom. wir, gen. unser, dat; ace. uns, I (not writ- ten with a capital letter, unless it begins a sent.). ihil, ace. sing, of er, pers. pron. third sing., him (direct obj.); it (of masc. inanimate obi.). ihnen, dat. pi., of all genders, third pers. pron. (nom. sic), to them, them (indirect obj.). ihr, pers. pron. second pi., gen. euer, dat. ace. eiich,ye, you (the pi. of du, used in addressing sev- eral persons, each of whom may be addressed as du ; also usea, in some parts of Germany, in ad- dressing single persons, either superiors or inferiors, like Eng "you," but not in common use) ihr, pers. pron. third sing, f., dat of sic, "she," to her, her (as in dir. obj.); to it, it (of fem. inanl mate ooj.). ihr (or ihrer), gen. sing of same, of her, her ; also gen. pi. third pers. all genders (nom. sie), of them, their ; hence : ihr, ihre, ihr, poss. adj. of third sing, fem., her ; its (of inanimate objects) ; also of third pi. of all genders, their : um ihretwillen, for her sake, for their sake. [When written with a capital letter, means "your."] ihrer, -e, -es, or ihre (der, die, das), or ihrige (der, die, das), poss. pron., hers ; theirs ; its (when used without subst.). im, contr. for in dem. immer, adv., always, on every occasion (neg. nimmer ; .see je); [comp. of ie (= je) and in8r (mehr), " evermore."] in, prep., (with dat.) in, within; (with ace.) into (motion or direc- tion to). [Not used as prefix with verbs; ein takes its place.] ind^m, ind6ss(enS adv., in the meanwhile (takes verb in second !^ ■ ! 148 GLOSSARY. /'•I place, throwing subj. after verb when it begins sent.); subord. conj., while, whilst (throws verb to end of sent ; indem is gener- ally conj.). inn(e), adv., used with haben ; inne haben, to know thorough- ly, know by heart; Sch., 1. 180. innig, adj., cordial, heartfelt, warm; adv., cordially, etc. ins, contr. for in das. irdisch, adj., of the earth, earthly; [from Erde, "the earth;" irden = "earthen."] frrend, adv., any, at all; [used before indef. art. in sing. ; or, without art., before pi. nouns, or nouns of material, etc., in sing., to render Eng. " some " or •• any " when = " some — or oth- er," "any at all."] (rgendwo, adv. of place, anywhere at all ; somewhere or other. iS8, imper. second sing., from essen, "to eat." isst, third sing. pres. ind. of same. ist, third sing. pres. ind. of sein, " to be." I J, the tenth letter of the alphabet, is the cons, form of I, and is pron. like the Eng. cons, y in yes, etc. ja, affirm, adv., yes; by all means (to emphasize an imper., etc.); you know, I'm sure; why (er hat es ja, "he has it, you know;" Si« wissen es ja, " I'm sure you know it;" da ist cr ja, *' why, there he is ") ; [ja nicht, by no mpans;] nay, indeed, even, (at beginning of sent., as a sort of conj. ; see p. 7, 1. 25.) jagen, v. tr. and n., to hunt, cnase ; pursue, drive. Jagen, s. n., (inf. of prec.,) gen. -s, no pi., hunting ; chase, hunt. Jahr, s. n., gen. -(e)s, pi. -e, year ; nach J. und Tag, after a year and a day, after a twelvemonth (with one day of grace) ; after a long time. J&mmer, s. m., gen. -s, no pi., misery, wretchedness ; grief, sor- row. je, indef. adv. of time, over, o-^ any occasion [= jemals. Enj, " ever " is sometmies used a.«. = ** always;" je is never thus used]; conj., je nachd6m, just as ; (before two comparatives) je (or desto) iSnger, je (or desto) lieber, the longer, thr l)ctter ; see p. 32, 1. 5. jeder, -e, -es, indef. pronom. adj., every, each ; sometimes prec. by indef. art., ein jeder, eines jeden, etc. j^dermann, indef. pronom. subst., gen. -s, no pi., every one, every person, everybody. jed6ch, adv. and adv. conj., still, nevertheless, however, notwith- standing. j^mand, indef. pronom. subst., . gen. -(e)s, dat. ace. — or -en, no pi., some or any one, some or any person, somebody, anybody [" not any one, etc." = niemana, not nicht jemand] ; irgend j., somebody or other. j6ner, -e, -es, that, yonder; the other ; the latter [correl. of die- ser, indicates the more remote of two persons; also like Lat. ille, = "that well-known per- son"]; Jener, pron. s. m., the other (man), p. 33, 1. 21. [j^nseit, prep. (gov. gen.), on the other side of.] j6nseits, adv., on the other side. jetzt, adv. of time, now, at the present time; von j. an, from henceforth; [formerly itzt, itzo or jetzo.] johlen, V. iatr. w., to shout, yell. Jligend, s. f., no pi., youth [time of life ; or of the collective youth of a country]. « ' GLOSSARY. 149 Jiili, s. 111. |)r(j)). iiulecl., July (the seventh month), [formerly Ju- lius.] jung, adj., compar. jUnger, young, youthful ; Jung und Alt, young and old. Junge, s. m., gen. -n, pi. -n, boy; youth. just, adv., just, exactly, precisely [French.] X K, the eleventh letter of the alpha- bet, is pron. as in English. When doubled, it is written ck, except when the two letters are divided between two different lines in printing, when they are written k-k. K&chelofen, s. m., gen. -s, pi. -Ofen, tile-stove (such as are in common use in Germany). Kaiser, s. m., gen. -s, pi. — , em- peror. [Lat. Caesar-I Kalb, s. n., gen. -es, pi. Ktflber, calf. kalt, adj., compar. ktflter, cold; es wurde ihm k., he began to feel cold (see p. 23, 1. 4). Kammer, s. f., pi. -n, room, cham- ber ; apartment ; [from Lat. ca- mera.] K^tnmertUre, s. £., pi. -n, cham- ber-door. kann, pres. indie, of kttnnen. Kart&tsche, s. f., pi. -n, grape- shot, canister, case-shot. [Fr. cartQucAe.] Karte, s. £., pi. -n, card ; playing- card. K^sten, s. m., gen. -s, pi. KKsten and — , box, chest. [Katze, s. f., pi. -n, cat; hence:] K&tzenmusik, s. f., no pi., cater- wauling; charivari; (lit. cats*- music. ) kaufen, v. tr. w., to buy, purchase. K^ufmann, s. m., gen. -(e)s, pi. -leute, merchant, trader. kaum, adv., scarcely, hardly; (of time) scarcely, hardly, but now; no sooner. kehren, v. tr., to turn; v. n., to return. kein, -e, — , (when before a subst.,) indef. num. adj., no, not any. keiner, -e, -es (when without a subst.), indef. num., none, not one, not any (person or thing). Keller, s. m., gen. -s, pi. — , cellar. kennen, v. tr. irreg., kannte, ge- kannt, to know, be acquainted with, [kennen (connected with Scotch " /:en ") = Fr. contMUrey is generally used of a knowledge of or acquaintance ytxiYi persons ; sometimes of an intimate knowl- edge of things, e. g. : wiseen Sie den Weg = " do y )u know the road (sutiticiently not to go astray), do you know which road to take;" kennen Sie den Weg, "are you familiar with the road."] Kerl, s. m., gen. -(e)8, pi. -e, fellow; churl. Kette, s. £., pi. -n, chain, fetter. keuchen, v. intr. w., to pant. keusch, adj., chaste, modest. kichern, v. intr. w., to titter, giggle. Kichem, s. il, (inf. of prec.,) geni -8, tittering, giggling. Kies, s. m., gen. -es, no pi., gravel. Kind, s. n., gen. -es, pi. -er, child. [Conn, with Eng. "kin" and "kind."] Kinderrecht, s. n., gen. -(e)B, pi. -e, right or privilege of a child. Kinderspiel, s. n., gen. -(c)8, pi. -e, child's-play; trifle. Kirche, s. £., pi. -n, church. Kirchturm, s. m., gen. -(e)8, pi. -tilrme, church-tower, steeple, spire. Kirchweih, s. f., pi. -en, fair (lit. "church dedication," /. e., the anniversary thereof, on which, in country parts, the village -fair \ i Wi r i» *. "V rV^^ 150 Cr.OSSARY was held, thus innkiii^ it the chief village-festival ui the year) ; zu K., at fair-time. [Kirsche, s. f., pi. -n, cherry ; hence:] Kirsch(en)geist, s. m., gen. -es, no pi., cherry-brandy. Kissen, s. n., gen. -s, pi. — , cushion, pillow. Klage, s. f., pl.-n, coinplaiut. klagen, v. intr. w., to C()m|)lain, lament ; (gov. Uber with ace.) Klang, s. m., gen. -(e)s, pi. Klilnge, sound, tone, kl&ppern, v. intr. w., to rattle; to click, to clack (as of the wheels of machinery, Sch., 1. 93). klar, adj., clear. kleben, v. intr. w., to cleave, stick, adhere. Kleid, s. n., gen.-es, pl.-er, dress, garment, robe, gown. [Conn. with Eng. "cloth."] kleiden, v. tr. w., -ete, ge — et, to clothe, dress ; v. refl., to clothe one's self, attire one's self, dress. Kleidung, s. £., pi. -en, clothing, garments. KleidungsstUck, s. n., gen. -(e)s, pi. -e, piece of clothing, article of attire, garment, klein, adj., small, little. klimmen, v. n. and intr., w. [and strong, klomm, geklommen], to climb, ascend. klingen, y. intr., klang, geklun- fen, to sound, resound; to tin- le (as a bell, etc.). klu^, adj., compar. klUger, clever, wise, knowing, shrewd. KMgheit, s. £., no pi., wisdom, cleverness, shrewdness. Knabe, s. m., gen. -n, pi. -n, boy [so Eng. knave orig. = "ser- vant "]. knacken, v. tr. and intr. w., to crack, snap. Knauser, s. m., gen. -s, pi. — , niggard, stingy fellow, miser. Knecht, s. m., gen.-(e)s, pi. -e, servant [hence Eng. " knight "]. knicken, v. tr. w., to snap utf, break off, break. Knie, s. n., gen. -(e)s, pi. -fe), knee ; in die K. sinken, to fall on one'.s knees. knie(e)n, v. intr. w., to kneel, lie on one's knees. [When spelt with one e, pron. as two syl- lables.] knocheln, v. intr. w., to throw the dice, play with dice [from Kno- chen, "a bone," the primitive dice being pieces of bone]. Knopf, s. m., gen. -(els, pi. Kn0- pfe, button. Kohle, s. f., pl.-n, coal (live coal); cinder (dead coal, of wood or other material) ; charcoal, car- bon. [Coal, as a mineral prod uct, = Steinkohle. Kohl, m., = "cabbage."] K6hlenbrennen, s. n.comp. (inf.), charcoal-burning. Kbhlenbrinner, s. m., gen. -s, pi. — , charcoal-burner. Kdhlenp^ter, s. m. comp. prop., f;en. -s, Peter the charcoal- jurncr; charcoal-Peter. Kohlenmiinkpeter, s. m. comp. prop., gen. -s, Peter Munk the charcoal-burner. KOhler, s. m., gen. -s, pi. - -, char- coal-burner. Kohlersbursch, s.m., gen. -en, pi. -en; or -e, gen. -n, pi. -n, char- coal-burner's boy. Kttln, s. n. prop., cen. -8, Cologne (a city on the Rhine). Kfilner, s. m. prop., gen. -s, pi. — , a native or inhabitant 01 Co- logne ; (also used as indecl. adj.) kolnisch, adj., of or belonging to Cologne. kommen, v. n., kam, gekommen, kSmmst or kommst, to come ; zu sich k., to come to one's self or senses, to return to conscious ness; zum Vorschein k., to make one's appearance, come forth. [When accompanied by another verb defining the motion, GI.OSSAh'Y. 151 it governs the past part., not thf prcs., as : er kam gelaufen, " he came running," etc.] Konig, s. ni., gen. -(e)8, pi. -e, king. ktfnnen, v. intr. irrcg., prcs. ind. kann, kannst, kann, kttnnen, etc. ; prcs. siihj. ktinne, ini|)t'. ind. konnte, impf. sul)j. ktfnnte, part, gekonnt; can, to ))e able, to l)e capable. [Indicates ability (generally physical) of persons, and possibility (»>£ things) ; hence, by a loose and incorrect usage (as in Eng.), permission, for which dtlrfen is the proper word. When indicating possibility, it is rendered by " may," as : es kann sein, " it may be.''] Kopf, s. m., gen. -es, pi. Kfipfe, head; dim. KUpfchen. [Syn. Haupt.] K6pfkissen, s. n. comp., gen.-s, pi. , pillow (lit. "head-cush- ion "]. Kom, s. n., gen. -(e)8, pi. Ktfrner, grain (single seed); grain (coll.), wheat, corn ; dim. Kdrnlein (in first sense). Kdrnwucherer, s. m., gen. -s, pi. — , grain-bioker (one who lays up corn, and enhances the price). Kfirper, s. m., gen. -s, pi. — , body [fr. Lat. corpus^ corporis]. Kost, s. f., no pi., food, fare, diet ; board. Kosten, s. pi., cost, expense ; costs, expenses; auf K., at the ex- pense of, p. 17, 1. 15. kosten, v. intr. w., -etc, ge— et, to cost (with ace. of price, and dat. or ace. of person). krachen, v. intr. w., to crack, crash. Kraft, s. f., pi. KrSfte, strength, power, might. [Used in the first place of physical strength, then of ability to do a thing ; Gewalt = " violence," Macht = "authority, power" (as an at- tribute of a ruler, etc.) ; kraft is usfd also as a SMCiilleil prop, with gen. (really a subst. in in- strumental ca.se) s= " bv virtue of. "J kr&ftig, adj., strong, vigorous, powerful ; adv., vigorously. Kragen, s. m., gen. -s, pi. KrUgen (rare) or — , collar. Kralle, s. f., pi. -n, claw, talon. [Krampf, s. m., gen. -(e)s, pi. Krilmpfe, cramp; convulsion; hence :) kr&mpfhaft,adj., convulsive ; adv., convulsively. krank, adj., compar. krUnker, ill, sick; der, die, das -e, ein -er, subst. (decl. as adj.), a sick per- son, patient. [krSnken, V. tr.w.,to hurt, offend, insult ; hence :] Krsinkung, s. f., pi. -en, offence. Insult, injury. Kranz, s. m., gen.-es, pi. KrSnze, wreath, garland. kratzen, v. tr. w., to scratch. krikuseln, v. tr. and refl. w., to curl [dim. verb from kraus, " curly, wavy"]. Kreuz, s. n., gen. -es, pi. -e, cross ; dim. -lein. Kr^uzer, s. m.f gen. -s, pi. — , farthing ; dim. -lein (small coi> per com used in Austria and formerly in all Southern Ger- many). Krieg, s. m., gen. -(e)8, pi. -e, war. kriegen, v. tr. w., to get, obtain [not used in elevated language ; syn. erhalten, etc. ; as v. intr. = " to make war" (from Krieg)]. Krone, s. f ., pi. -n, crown. Kr6nent^er, s. m., gen. -s, pi. — , dollar (with the figure of a crown stamped on it). Krug, s. m., gen. -(e)s, pi. Krilge, jug, ewer. kUhl, adj., cool ; chilly. kUhlen, v. tr. and intr. w., to cool, chill. kUhn, adj., bold, audacious, keen. I'l .4. I I /•ll 152 GLOSSARY. r: Ki^hnheit, s. f., pi. -en, boldness, audacity, keenness. kiimmem, v. tr. impers. w., to con- cern, trouble; ' was k — t das dich? what is that to you? p. 56, 1. 13; [v. tr. refl., to be con- cerned about (gov. um).] [kUnden, v. tr. w., to announce ; conn, with kennen.] kiindig, adj., knowing, expert, skil- ful ; adv., expertly, skilfully, with knowledge. (Sch.. 1. 142.) Kunigdnde, s. f. prop., ^en. -ns, Cunegonda (dat. ace. — or -n). Kiinkel, s. f., pi. -n, distaff. Kunst, s. f., pi. KUnste, art, arti- fice ; skill ; trick, sleight-of-hand ; magic. KiinstprUgel, s. m., gen. -s, pi. — , magic cudgel or club. KUnststUck, s. n., gen. -(e)s, pi. -e, piece of magic ; trick, sleight- of-hand. ' kurz, adj., compar. ktirzer, short, brief J adv., briefly, in short. L, the twelfth letter of the alpha- bet, pron. as in Eng. lachen, v. intr. w., to laugh. liicheln, v. intr. w., to smile (dim. of'prec). laden, v. tr., lud or ladete, gela- den, ladest or iSdst, ladet or ladt, to load ; to invite [= ein- laden. The weak impf. is rare. Both forms of the second and third sing. pres. ind. given are used without distinction. The two forms (weak and strong) were orig. from different roots, but are now fused into one]. Lager, s. n., gen.-s, pi. — , couch (from legen, liegen) [also means a place where anything is de- posited, a warehouse, magazine]. Lampe, s. f., pi. -n, lamp. Land, s. n., gen. -es, pi. -e or LSnder, land, country; [also country a» opposed to town, in which sense the prep, auf is used (with dat. = "in," and ace. = "into") to indicate locality, as opposed to in, used in the other sense. The pi. Lande is used in poetical language, or as indi- cating provinces, or small divi- sions of a larger country (e.g., die Niederlande, " the Nether- lands ").] L&ndsmanh, s. m., gen. -(e)s, pi. -leute, fellow-countryman, na- tive of the same country [L&nd- mann = " countryman, peas- ant "]. lang(e), adj., compar. linger, long (of time or space); tall, long-legged (of a pers.); adv., at length [not = "at last," but " at full length "] ; 1. und breit, fully, at full length, minutely, for a long time ; schon 1., for a long time past ; also used as a sort of postposition, as : eine Zeit lang (or Zeitlang, in one word), "for some time," eine Stunde lang, "for an hour;" superl. iSngst, long ago [= schon iSngst. Sch., 1. 27]. lan^^en, v. intr. w., to reach ; in die Tasche 1., to put one's hand into one's pocket; to last, hold out. lingsam, adj., slow; tedious ; adv., slowly. iSngst, adv., superl. of lang; see above. Lang(e)weile, s. f., no pi., te- dium, ennui, weariness [= lange Weile, "long time," when the time passes slowly from tedium; often written as two words]. l&ngweilig, adj., tedious, tiresome. LSrm, s. m., gen. -(e)s, no pi., noise, bustle, uproar; alarm; L. machen, make a stir, create a sensation (p. 59, 1. 18). lassen, v. tr., liess, gelassen, IMssest, iSsst, to let, permit, al- low; to have a thing done by *£i- /ll GLOSSARY. 153 own, in auf is ind ace. :ality, as he other is used as indi- lall divi- try {e. g., ! Nether- .(e)8, pi. nan, na- ^ [L4nd- m, peas- iSbiger, ce); tall, 5.); adv., last," but ind breit, iiutely, for for a long s a sort of Zeit lang /ord), "for nde lang, rl. langst, gst. Sch., reach; in one's hand last, hold ious ; adv., lang; see no pi., te- [= lange when the m tedium; ords]. tiresome. )s, no pi., alarm ; stir, create 8). gelassen, permit, al- ^g done by another; order a thing to l)e done ; to let go. release (= los 1.); to leave (= verlassen.) [Shares the peculiarities of auxil. verbs of mood as to construction and government, as: ich babe es tun lassen (tor gelassen), "I have had it done;" dass er es babe tun lassen, "that he may have had it done "] ; sich nicht zu lassen wissen, "not to know how to contain one's self." Last, s. £., pi. -en, load, burden. Laster, s. n., gen. -s, pi. — , vice, wickedness. Laub, o. n. coll., gen. -es, no p]., foliage, leaves. [Blatt = a sin- gle leaf.] Lauf, s. m., gen. -(e)s, pi. LSufe, run ; course, career. laufen, v. n. (sein),lief, gelaufen, Isiufst, iSuft, to run ; (colloq.) to walk, go on foot; zu Fusz 1., to go on foot, walk, [rennen = "to run at full speed, race;" rinnen (rann, geronnen), "to flow, run " (of liquids only).] Laune, s. f., pi. -n, mood, humour ; caprice. Laut, s. m., gen. -(e)s, pi. -e, sound, tone, laut, adj., loud. riauter, adj., pure, clear.] lauter, adv., merely, nothing but. [This and prec. to be dist. from the compar. of laut.] leben, v. intr. w., to live ; pres. part, and adj., -d, living, alive. L^ben, s. n. (inf. of prec.\ gen. -s, pi. — , life, leb^ndig, adj., alive, living. l^blos, adj., lifeless, without life. L6btag, s. n. indecl., generally used as neut. ace. of time, like Lebelang, life-long [= Leben, Lebenszeit]. Leder, s. leather. n., gen. -s, no pi., Lcderbeinkleider, s. pi., leather trousers or breeches (such as are used by raftsmen). legen, v. tr. w., to lay [caus. of liegen] ; v. refl., to lie down ; to subside (of a storm, p. 18, 1. 16). Lehre, s. f., pi. -n, teaching, in- struction ; doctrine ; precept. Leib, s. m., gen. -es, pi. -er, body, person ; [orig. also = " life."] leicht, adj., light (of weight); (see note to Sch., 1. 13) ; adv., lightly ; easily. Leid, s. n., gen. -es, no pi., sorrow, harm, injury; Einem etwas zu Leide tun, to do a person an injury. leid, adj., painful, disagreeable, un- pleasant (causing pain or sorrow); es tut mir 1., "I am sorry for it ' [also used in neut. as subst. with strong term. : Leid(e)s, " an injury," as : ErlkSnig hat mir ein Leids getan (Goethe) ; see also leider, below]. leiden, v. tr. and intr., litt, gelit- ten, to suffer, endure, bear, tol- erate. Leiden-, s. n. (inf. of prec.), gen. -s, pi. — , suffering, sorrow. leider, inter]., unfortunately, alas I [really compar. of leid; see above]. leihen, v. tr., lieh, gelichen, to lend ; [also = " to borrow."] Leinwand, s. f., no pi., linen; [also Leinen, n., and Linnen, n.] leise, adj., noiseless, soft, low (of sound ) ; adv., noiselessly, etc. leiten, v. tr. w., -ete, ge— et, to lead, gnide. lesen, v. tr., las, gelesen, lies, liesest, to pick, choose ; (hence the secondary meaning, to pick out letters) to read; [compare Lat. lego."] letzt, adj. superl., last; zuletzt, at last; last; finally; at the end. [Conn. \/ith lassen (and Eng. "let"), = "the one that is left."] i^i,: 11 w if ■ ill V. 154 G/.OSSAh'Y. r " J it , letzthin, adv., lately, the other day. leuchten, v. intr. w., -etc, ge et, to show a light, shine ; sparkle, flash ; partic. ' adj., -d, flashing, sparkling, bright, brilliant. Leute, s. pi. comm., people, per- sons; also used to form pi. of comp. nouns ending with -mann, as Kaufmann, etc. Licht, s. n., gen. -es, pi. -er (lights) and -e (candles), light ; candle; dim. -lein, n. [The pi. -er !s more common, and is also used in the latter meaning.] Llchtspan, s. m., gen. -(e)s, pi. -spitne, torch. lieb, adj., beloved, dear (of per- sons) ; agreeable, ])leasant (of thina[s) ; es ist mir 1., " I am glad'^of it." lieb, adv., dearly; the compar. lieber and super), am liebsten are used as corhi^ar. and superl. of gem ; see above, and ji. 46, 1. 16; 1. haben, to be fond of (with ace). Liebe, s. f., no pi., love, affection; favour (p. 20, 1. 7). lieben, v. tr. w., to love, be fond of. Ueblich, adj., lovely, beautiful; adv., beautifully. Lied, s. n., gen. -(e)s, pi. -er, song ; hymn ; dim. -chen, n. liegen. v. intr., lag, gelegen, to lie (be recumbent or situated), [le- gen = " to lay " (trans.) ; lUgen log, gelogen, ("to lie" (tell a falsehood); with the prep, an (meaning " to take an interest in"), it is conj. with sein; also when it indicates situation!\ link, adj., no com])ar., left (on the left hand) [opposed to recht, "right"]; die Linke (Hand), s. f., the left (hand) ; zur Linken (Hand), on the left (hand). links, adv. of place, on the left (hand). Lisbet, s. f. prop., Elizabeth, Liz- zie [vulg. corruption of Elisa- bet]. lispeln, V. tr. and intr. w., to 1' ;;\ stammer. List, s. f.. pi. -en, cunning, frauvl; wile, deceit, stratagem. Ifstig, adj., cunning, artful, deceit- ful, crafty, wily; adv., craftily, etc. Lob, s. n., gen.-(e)s, praise; no pi. [for the pi., the conuete fuiin Ldbeserh^bungen, " praises," must 1)e used, as signifying " ex- pressions of praise "]. loben, V. tr. w., to praise ; to ap- prove. locken, v. tr. w., to tempt, alluic. Loffsl, s. m., gen.-s, pi. — , spo):;; dim. Loffelein, n. Lohn, s. m. and n., gen. -(e)s, | !. L5hne, reward; wages, salary; [m. only in former sense ; m. or n. in latter.] Lo(o)s, s. n., gen. -es, pi. -e, lot; fate, destiny. los(e), adj., loose ; free; ein loser Vogel, a wanton wag; a loose fellow. lOsen, v.tr. w., to loosen, unfasten, untie; dissolve; to make juotit (see p. 16, 1. II, and note). Idslassen, v. tr. sep., liess, ge- lassen, ISssest, to let loose, set free, release. Idsreissen, v. tr. sep., riss, geris- sen, to tear loose ; v. refi., to tear one's self away. Luft, s. f., pi. LUfte, air, breeze. liigen, v. intr., log, gelogen, to lie, tell a lie or falsehood [dist. from liegen and legen ; see above]. Lump, s. m., gen. -s,-en, pi. -en, black; inrd, ragamuffin, mean, dirty, shabby fellow, [orig. = "rag.''] Lust, s. f., pi. LUste [lust]; pleas- ure, delight; desire, longing; Lust haben etwas zu tun, "to l.avc a mind to do anything." [Itistern, adj., covetous; lustful; hence ;] /■'I \. GLOSSARY. 155 ., to 1 .-;•, ng, friuul ; :ul, deceit- ., craftily, waisc; no cicic luilii "pia'.se;;," iying "ex- ise; to ap- ipt, allure. . — , spoov, ; n. -(e)s, 1 1. ^es, salary; ense ; m. or , pi. -e, lot; c ; ein loser ,ag; a loose en, unfasten, make piotit note). , liess, ge- let loose, set riss, geris- refl.,totear I air, breeze. .gelogen, to Isehood [dist. legen; see ,-en, pi. -en, Jiuffin, mean, l\v. [orig. = [lust] ; pleas- ure, longing; zu tun, ''t'» anything." lous; lustful; Lusternheit, s. f., no pi., covetous- ness, longing, desire ; lustfulness. lusti^, adj., merry, joyful, jolly, jovial ; adv., merrily, etc. M M, the thirteenth letter of the alphabet, pron. as in Eng. machen, v. tr. w., to make, per- form, manufacture, do; to play the part of, act (Sch., 1. 154); es m., sec p. 34, 1. 18, and note ; einem etwas zu i>ank m., to please a person (p. 50, 1. 3) ; v. refl., sich an etwas (ace.) m., to set to work at anything ; sich's leicht m., to take it easy, take one's ease; sich auf den Weg m., to set out on one's way; v. impers., es macht warm, it is warm (of the weather, dialectic and local) ; was m. Sie? How do you do? partic. adj., gc- macht, made, e.g., ein gemach- ter Mann, a man whose fortune is made. [Syn. tun, which is never used in the sense of "man- ufacturing," like machen.] [Macht, s. f., pi. MKchte, might, power. Syns., Kraft, Gewalt; see under Kraft; hence:] machtig, adj., mighty, powerful, strong. Madchen, s. n. dim., gen. -s, pi. - , girl, maid, maiden [dim. of Magd, which is now generally used for " maid-servant "]. mag, pres. ind. of mOgen. Magen, s. m., gen. -s, pi. - or Ms[gen (rare), stomach. mager, adj., lean, meagre, thin. mahnen, v. tr. w., to warn, remind ; to dun (for a debt). Mdkler, MSkler, s. m., gen. -s, pi. — , broker, exchange -mer- chant. [Mahre, s. f., pi. -n, mare, jade [correctly spelt with h ; dist. fr. MMrc, "news, story;" also f., of which MM(h)rchen is dim. form, and which is often incor- rectly spelt with h.] Mai, s. n. [gen. -(e)s, pi. — or -e, mole, mark (sometimes spelt Maal)]; generally used as indecl. subsl. wiiii a card, or ord. num., as : einmal, " once," zweimal, "twice;" das erste mal, "the first time," zum letzten mal, " for the last time," etc. ; 'mal is often used for einmal, " once." Also in the adv. gen., as : mehr- mals, "several times," einst- mals (or -malen), " once upon a time;" [Eng. " mole."] man, indef. indecl. pers. pron. (third pers., = Fr. on), one, they, people. [Einer is used to replace the oblique cases.] manch or mancher, -e, -es, pi. -e, many a, many, several (used of a number of objects consid- ered singly and individually). m&nchmal, adv., many a time, often, repeatedly; occasionally, at times. Mann, s. m., gen. -(e)s, pi. Man- ner, man, husband; dim.MSnn- lein, n., mannikin, little man; mit M. und Mauj, with every soul on board, with every moth- er's son, p. 18, 1. 6; Mann und Meister, see p. 28, I. 13, note. [Comp. substs. with this word as the second component, change M. in the pi. into Leute, when a class is spoken of, as : Kauf- mann, pi. -leute. The plural Mannen = "vassals," "men-at- arms." It is unchanged in pi. when used as noun of number, as: eine Armee von 50,000 Mann. Mensch = "human being " (male or female — Lat. homo) ; Mann, " the male human being" (Lat. z'/V) ; the latter is used when speaking respectful- ly; the former, when speaking iu;:
  • serve, notice ; v. refl., to take a note of (dat. of refl. pron.). [m6rkwUrdig, adj., worthy of note ; remarkable, strange ; hence :] Ni6rkwlirdigkeit, s. f., pi. -en, [remarkableness;] (object of) curiosity, remarkable thing or object. Messe, s. f., pi. -n, mass (religious ceremony) ; [also "fair, feast;" the latter meaning is derived from the fonner ] M6ssbuch, s. n., gen. -(e)s, pi. -bUcher, mass-book, missal. Massing, s n., gen. -i, no pi., brass. Michel, s. ni. prop., gen. -s, Mi- chael [corrupted fo-'ui of Mi r<> v< GLOSSAKY. 157 prun. ; (decl. . pron. a noun smei- intend \ relieve, , below. :.), adj., superl., le most — , mas- ! p. 28, 1. ;rowd (of y, mass , pi. -en, n. Wheu spectfully ;en. -(e)s, id, man's I m., gen iderstand nark, ol> to take a on.). ly of note ; ence :] pi. -en, bject of) thing or (religious lir, feast ;" U derived .(e s, pi- lissal. , no pi., len.-s, Mi- ]n» t>f Ml chael ; u.sed also for a stupid fellow, e. .i,--., p. 59, 1. I, der dumme M.]. Micne, s. f., pi. -n, mien, air, coun- tenance. [Millidn, s. f. for., pi. -en, million ; hence :] Millionar, s. m., gen. -(e)s, pi. -e, millionaire, person possessing a million of money. minder, adj. and adv., irreg. corn- par, of wenig, superl. mindest, less, least, [conn, with Lat. minus^. Ministr&nt, s. m., for., gen. -en, pi. -en, ministrant, acolyte (priest's assistant). mit, prep., gov. dat. only, with, along with; adv., along. [Indi- cates association, companion- ship; also the means or instr., with things (not with persons) ; see durch, von, and a good grammar for full distinction.] mltbringen, v. tr. sep. irreg., brachte, gebracht, to bring along, bring with one. mitgehen, v. n, sep., gieng, ge- gangen, to go along with, ac- company. mitlScheln, v. intr. sep. w., to smile with (another pers.) ; to smile at the same time (with others). Mitleid or Mitleiden, s. n., gen. -s, no pi., pity, compassion, sym- pathy. [Inf. of mitleiden, "to suffer with a person ; " compare the formation of the Lat. word compassio.'] mitleidig, adj., pitiful, compas- sionate; adv., compassionately, etc. mitnehmen, v. tr. sep., nahm, ge- nommen, nimm, nimmst, to take with one, take along. Mittag, s. m. comp., gen. -(e)s, pi. -e, mid-day, noon ; adv. gen. -s, at noon (from foil.). Mitte, s. f., no pi., middle, cen- tre. mitteilen, v. tr. sep. w., impart, communicate [lit. "share with (another) "]. Mittel, s. n., gen. -s, pi. — , means; remedy [from Mitte]. mitten, adv. of place, amidst, in the middle (foil, by in with dat., as : mitten im \Vinter, or prec. by in and foil, by gen., as: in mitten des Winters, in the mid- dle of winter). Mitternacht, s. f. comp., pi. -nSchte, midnight. Mode, s. f. for., pi. -n, fashion, mode (Fr.). m5gen, v. tr. and intr. irreg., aux. of mood, pres. ind. mag, magst, mag, pi. mtigen, etc. ; pres. subj. mfige, impf. ind. mocnte, impf. subj. mtichte, part, gemocht, no impf. ; like, may (in past tense " might ''), can. [The fundamen- tal r;;eaning is that of preference on the part ofHhe subj. of the verb; in the second and third pers. it may mean (like Eng. ** may ") permission ; and (of things) possibility. It shares the peculiarities of inflexion and constr. of the other auxs. of mood (see under dUrfen).] moglich, adj., possible; adv., pos- sioly. M6ntag, s. m., gen. -(e)s, pi. -e, Monday [o long]. M^rd, s. m., gen. -(e)s, pi. -e, iiiiijfder. morden, v. tr. w., -ete, ge — et, to murder. MSrder, &. m., gen.-s, A. — , mur- derer. Mbrdverl^ngen, s. n., gen. -s, no pi., desire for murder, murderous desire ; blood-thirstiness. Morgen, s. m., gen. -s, pi. — , morning, morn ; des Morgens or am M., ' in the morning." morgen, adv. of time, to-morrow ; m. friihe, to-morrow morning. mUde, adj., tired, weary, fa- tigued. ,11 I :ti •I 158 GLOSSARY MUhe, s. f., pi. -n, trouble, toil ; pains; difficulty; mit M., with difficuhy. mUhen, v. tr. refl., to take trouble or pains. [MUhle, s. f., pl.-n, mill; hence:] M&hlrad, s. n., gen. -(e)s, pi. -rSder, mill-wheel, muhsam, adj., toilsome, trouble- some, difficult ; adv., with diffi- culty. MUller, s. m., gen. -s, pi. — , miller; hence : f., pi MuUerin, wife. Mund, s. MUnde -nen, miiiers m., gen. -es, pi. -<:: or (both rare', ni()uJ> (hu- man), lips ; [mouth of beasts =- Maul.] Mi^ndbecher, s. m., gen. -s, pi. — , r:< ourite or private cup. Munk, s. comni. prop., ^Iinik (fam- ily iiarr.o). Mi^nkin, s. i prop. (fern, appell. of above), Dnnie Munk; see p. 4, 1. I, and nof^. munter, adj., [vnkeful, awake;] lively, vivacious. miirmeln, v. tr. and intr. \v., to murmur, mutter. [murren, v. intr., to mutter, grum- ble, murmur ; hence :] murrisch, adj., grumbling, cross, ill-humoured. Musik, s. f. for., no pi., music [Greek;] hentc: Musik^nt, s. m., gen. -en, pi. -en, musician, player. mUssen, v. intr., aux. of mood, ir- reg., pres. ind. muss, musst, muss, pi. miissen, etc. ; pres. subj. mUsse ; impf. Mid. musste ; impf. subj. mUsste ; oart. ge- musst; no imper.; mt' ;t, to be obliged. [Implies an obligation or necessity imposed by circum- stances rather than a moral obli- gation (which is expressed by scllen) ; shares the peculiarities of fher auxils. ol mood (see dUrfen).] mllssig, adj., idle ; adv., idly ; hence : Mtissiggang, s. m., gen. -(e)8, no pi., idleness. Mut, s. m., courage; disposition, feeling, st.'\tc or mind, mood; schlecht, wohl, etc , zu Mut.(e) sein or werden, " to feel .'U, well," etc.; (gen. -(eis, no pi.) Mutter, s. f., pi. Mutter, mother. Mynheer, s. m. for., gen. -a, pi. -s, Mynheer, Dutchmpn [Dutch for mein Herr]. N N, i\y'c foiirf."-nth letter of the al- phabe', is generally pron. as in Eng. ; i,\t when occurring with g betwj-t'i two vowels, one g only is heard ; as : Fin|f-er (as in tng. sing-er, not as m Fing- ger). The g in final -ng is often pron. like k, as Ring, pron. Rink or Ring, etc. nttch, prep., gov. dat. only, to, oward; after (of time and or- der); for (purpose); according to (consequence) ; often follows its case, esp. in last sense. [The Eng. prep, "to ''is rendered by nach before names of towns and couMtries, as : ich gehe nach Paris, nach Frankreich, " I am going to Paris, to France (not zu) ; so also with Haus, as nach Hause, "home."] It frequently takes zu after the obj., to indi- cate "in the d rection of," as: nach dem Hause zu, "in the direction of the house: " nach und nach (adv.), gradually, by degrees. (Compare Eng. "by and by.") ndchahtren, v. intr. w., to imitate, copy (dat of obj.). Ndchbar, s. ri., gen. -s or -n, pi. -n; f. -in, si. -innen, neighbour. GLOSSARY. 159 n&chdenken, v. iiitr. sep. irreg., dachte, gedacht, ti) think over, reflect I gov. liber with ace). NAchdenk^n, s. n. (inf. of prec), ^cn. -s, \iO )>!., reflection, thought. nachhdr, ac.v. of nine, afterwards r- - hernich]. N&ciiuuttafc;, s. jl, , en.-(e)s, pi. ^fvr.t. gen. -s, m the At'reeaoon, n^^chschicken, v. ♦r. sep. w., to ■icnd after (dat. of pets.). Nichsicht,s.f., pi. -en, indulgence, consideration- N. haben mit, to be induigf^iit [fi. n&chsehen Ml the sense oi overlooking (a faiil;, et' ^1. nich'c inner,, v. iiur. sep., sann, gesnnnen, to think over, reflect (gov. liber with ace). Niichsinnen, s. n. (inf. of prec), gen.-s, no pi., reflection, thought ; reverie, n^chspringen, v. n. sep., sprang, gesprungen, to run after. Nacht, s. f . , pi. NSchte, night ; adv. gen. Nachts, or des Nachts, by night. N^chtessen, s. n. (inf.), gen.-s, no p!., evening meal, supper. Nkchtlager, s. n., gen. -s, pi. — , couch, bed (for the night ). Nacken, s. m., gen. -s, pi. — , nape, neck. [See the syn. Hals, above.] N&gel, s. m., gen. -s, pi. NSgel, nail, ndgelneu, adj., brand-new {usually funkelnagelneu, "as new as a bright nail "). N^gold, s. f. prop., >I^agold (a river in the Black 1 uicst.) nah(e), adj., compar. nkher, su])erl. nSchst, near, next (with dat. of obj., or an, or bei) ; [conn, with prep, nach.] nHhren, v. tr. w., to nourish, foster, cherish; to support; v. refl., to 1;: 1' 1 or nourished, to live. Mar (n), s. m., gen. -ns (or rarely - 11), dat. ace. -n, pi. -n, name ! [coni|). decl. of Friede(n', Qlau- be(n), etc.]. ;.;■* namlich, adv., namely, to w't; for. Narr, s. m., gen. -en, pi. -en, fool [=Tor, m.]. nass, adj., compar. nSsser, wet, moist, damp. Natiir, s. f. for., pi. -en, nature. natilrlich, adj., natural ; adv., nat- urally, of course. n6ben, prep., gov. dat. and ace, near, alongside of, adjacent to [coincides with bei in this sense]. nebenh^r, adv., alongside of. N6ckar, s. m. prop., gen. -s, Neckar (tributary of the Rhine). nehmen, v. tr., nahm, genon.- men, nimm, nimmst, to take ; to take (as an example; p. 25, 1. 30); in Empfang n., to receive ; Teil nehmen [to take interest in], to share in (gov. an with dat.). Neid, s. m., gen. -es, no pi., envy, jealousy [the strict equivalent for the latter is Eifersucht]. neigen, v. tr. intr. and refl. w., to bow, bow down ; bend down, in- cline. [Hence the subst, Nei- gung = " inclination, affection."] nem, neg. adv., no. [" No," as adj. = kein.] nennen, v. tr. irreg., nannte, ge- nannt, to name, call. neu, adj., new; von neuem or auf s ueue, anew, again ; com- par. -er, newer, late, latter, modern (p. 3, 1. 9). n^ugierig, adj., curious, inquisi- tive; adv., curiously, etc. [lit. "greedy of something new."] Nibelung, s. m. prop., gen. -s, pi. -e, -en, Nibelung (heroic race of old Gem. ^[ythology ; see note to p. 6, 1. 20). Nibelungenh6rt, s. m., gen. -(e)s, no pi., treasure of the Nibe- I lings ; .see above. nicht, neg. adv., not. V— i6o /-'t \f GLOSSAKV. H '1 nichts, iiulef. neg. pron. indecl. n., nothing. nie, neg. adv. of time (past or fut.), never (= je with neg. pref. n-]. nieder, adv., downward, down ; low, low down ; compar. -cr, lower, p. 35, 1. 10. niederbrennen, v. tr. [and intr.] sep. irrcg., brannte, gebrannt, to burn down. nfederfallcn, v. n. sep., iiel, ge- fallen, fSllst, to fall down. nfedergeschlag^en, partic. adj., de- jected, low-spirited (part, of nie- derschlagen). nfederrauschen, v. n. sep. w., to rush down, pour down, come rushing down. nfederschmettern, v. tr. sep. w., to crush down ; destroy, annihi- late. nfemals, never, not on any occa- sion [= nie, but hiore explicit]. nfemand, gen. -(6)3, dat. -em or -en, ace. — or -en, indef. neg. pron., no one, nobody, no per- son, not any one, etc. ; n. anders [or sonst] (als), "no one else, no other person (than'." nimmer, adv., never, never again, nevermore ; properly of fut. time, but, p. 48, 1. 22, of past time [= nie mehr.] nimmermehr, adv. of time, [never- more, never again;] never (see Sch., 1. 206, and note). nirgends, adv., nowhere, not any- where. noch, adv., still, yet (of time or comparison); noch so, ever so; the Eng. "still, yet," when ad- vers. conj. (= "nevertheless ") are rendered by doch; noch heute = " while it is yet to-day, before to-day is over;" with nums. noch = "more," "an- other," as: noch zwei, "two more" nocYi eine Tasse, '^an- other cup. " ndchmals, once more, again [ = noch einmal]. Not, s. f., pi. N0te, need, neces- sity ; trouble ; [not tun, or sein, " to be necessary;" here not is adj. rather than subst. ; == ntttig ^sein.] notig, adj., necessary, needful. nu, nun, adv. of time and conj., now, at present ; well ; (paren- thetic) accordingly. nur, adv., only, just; even; (with rel. and interrog. prons. and advs.) ever, e. ^., wo nur, wher- ever; [used with imper. for em- phasis or encouragement, as : tun Sie es nur, "do it by all means, go on doing it " (compare Fr. toitjours).] nutzen or nUtzen, v. tr. and intr. impers. v, ., to be of use, to avail, profit; was ntltzt es mich (p. 22i ••4)> of what use 1 *o me.'' (dat. or ace. of pers'-...; Nutzen, s. m. (conn. i^i;*. pr./:.; use, profit, advantag". ndtzlich, adj., useful, pi olit: •->!;;, advantageous ; adv., usefully, etc. O, the fifteenth letter of the alpha- bet, pron. as Eng. o ; when it has the Umlaut (fi, O) it has no equivalent in Eng., being pron. much like the Fr. eu (as m Jeu), v'ith rounded and protruding lips. O ! interj., O ! oh I O weh ! alas ! (expressing pain). ob, conj., whether, if, e. g. : " ask him if (t. e,, whether) he will come," fragen Sie ihn ob (not wenn) er komtnen woUe; gen- erally with subjunc. mood [some- times ob = obgleich, "al- though;" still sometimes found as prep, with dat. = " on account of, over, about;" ob auch, al- though (= obgleich)]. 6ben, adv. of place (from prec), above, at the top [as prep. " above " = Uber]. GLOSSAh'Y. I6l obenin, adv., at the top. ober, acij , u|)per, above [compar. o£ prep, ob (see above) ; as l-'ng. , "upper " from " up "]. Oberftfrster, s. m., cen. -s, pi. — , head-ranger, chief forester or game-keeper. obgleich, subord. conj., although, tnouj:;h. [The two parts are ..soiiiL times separate.] Ode, s. f., no pi., desolation, soli- tude. ttde, adj., waste, desolate, solitary, deserted. oder, disj. coord, conj., or. Of en, s. m., gen. -s, pi. Of en, , stove; furnace [oven]. Ofenbank, s. f., pi. -bUnke, bench or seat behind the stove. offen, adj., open; adv., openly. Offizier, s. m. for., gen. -(e)s, pi. -e, (military) officer. [French.] Offnen, v. tr. w., Offnete, gefiffnet, to open. oft, adv., often, ofttimes, fre- quently. ohne, prep., with ace. only, with- out [not "outside," hut = " de- void of;" conn, with (»er. and , KiiR. pref. un-]. Ohnmacht, s. f. comp., pi. -en, faint, fainting-fit ; weakness, fee- bleness, powerlessness [= - Un- macht]. 6hnri5Jlichtig, adj. comp., fainting, unconscious ; [feeble, weak, powerless;] o. werden, to faint. Ohr, s. n., gen.-(e)8, pi. -en, ear (organ of hearing). operiren, v. tr. for. w., part, -t, to operate, perform an operation , on. Opfer, s. n., gen. -s, pi. - , sacri- , fice ; victim. Ordnung, s. f., no pi., arrange- ment, order ; in O. stellen, to set in order, arrange ; [not = " command," in which sense " order "-=Befehl.] Ort, s. m., gen. -(e)s, pi. -e, or C" Iter, place ; village, hamlet ; an O. und Stelle, in its proper place (see p. lo, 1. 3, and note). [The latter form of the pi. is more r'^mmon ; that in -e is used or i)laces collectively, or as localities ; so the adv. gen. pi. : aller Orten," everywhere," where a third pi. form occurs (in -en).] P, the sixteenth letter of the alpha- bet, ])ron. as in Eng. The Germ, aspirate pf replaces ph, which occurs only in foreign (Greek) words. Pack, s. m., gen.-(e)s, pi. PMcke, pack, bundle, packen, v. tr. w., to seize [; to pack (a trunk, etc.); v. refl., to be packing off, to decamp]. Papier, s. n. for., gen. -es, pi. -e, paper. Par, s. n., gen. -(e)s, pl.-e, pair, couple (two belonging together). As noun of num. does not change in pi., as : zwei P. Schuhe, " two pair of shoes." par, with small p, is really identi- cal with prec, but is frequently thus written, as though 't were an adv. of quant., and by an in- correct use means " a fevv." Paradies, s. n. for., gen -es, pi. -e, paradise [Greek]. Pasch, s. m., gen. -es, pi. -e, doub- lets or triplets [at dice ; see note to p. 35, 1. 17]. passen, v. intr. w., to fit, suit (gov. dat. of pers.). [Pate, s. m. [and f.], gen. -n, pi. -n, godfather, sponsor; hence:] P&tengeschdnk, s. u., gen. -(e)s, pi. -e, present from a sponsor; christening-gift. Patern6ster, s. n. for., gen. -s, pi. — , pater-noster, Lord's nrayer. [Lat'n.] Pettr '^^ III. prop., gen. -s, dat. ace. -•Of -n 'p. 37, 1. 20). .t 5 'f ri--\. -e, arrow, dart. Pfennig, s. m., gen. -U'is, pi. -e, penny. Pferd, s. n., gen. -es, pi. -e, horse [the most general word; of a noble, well-bred horse we genei ally use Ross ( Eng. " steed ") , Gaul = " nag"]. Pfingsten, s. n., gfen. -s, pi. Whitsunday. Whitsuntide; ^'en- tecost; zu P., at Whitsuntide; [der. fr. the same (ireek word as Eng. "Pentecost."] pflegen, v. tr. w., to cherish, nour- ish, foster, care for, nurse (gov. gen. or ace); v. intr., to be wont, be accustomed or used ; [the strong forms (pflog or pflag, gepflogen) are only used in the sense of attending to, practising (a business, trade, etc.)]. Pflicht, s. f., pi. -en, duty [Eng. " plight," as in " plighted troth "]. Pfund, s. n., pi. — or e, pound (weight or money; when foil, by a word expressing the substance weighed, etc., ren.ains unchanged in pi.) Platz, s. m., gen.-es, pi. PlStze, place [; square (of a town)]; P. nehmen, to take one's place, take a seat. pjotzlich, adj., sudden ; adv., sud- denly, all at once. Pliiderhosen, s. f. pi., trun':-hose (short, baggy knee-breeches); dim. -httschen, n. [fr. pludem, "to flap about."] pochen, v. intr. w., to knock, rap, stamp; to beat (of a heart); [to brag, i)oast, rely arrogantly on (gov. auf with c r.) ; J ^>artic. adj., -d, beating, palpitating. [Post, s f., ;!. -en, mail; post; hence | Pisthorn, s, n., gen. -(e)s, pi. -httrner, post-horn. Pricb:, s. f. [pi. -en, rare], aplen- d>.-ir, magnificence, grandeur, pomp. Fr&chtJinzug, s. m., gen.-(e)s, pi. -zUge, splendid or rich dress or ( iistume ; holiday dress. prdchtvoU, adj., splendid, magnifi- cent ; adv., splendidly, etc. pritgen, v. tr. w., to stamp (coin); to imprint, impress (gov. in with ace; see p. 59, 1. 10). Preis, s. m., gen.-es, pl.-e, price [prize ; praise ; in this last sig- nificctuon has no pi.]. preisen, v. tr., pries, geprie^en, to praise; to piize. pressen, v. tr. w., to press, squeeze. Priester, s.m., gen. -s, pi. — , priest [fr. Greek />resi>uferos, elder]. Prinz, s. m., gen. -en, pi. -en, prince [the for. word, used as title ; Flirst, the Ger. word, al- ways means a reigning sover- eign]. Proc6nt or Proz^nt, s. n. for., gen. -es, pi. -e or — , percent, , er- centage. [Lat.] Profit, s. m. for., gen. -(e)s, pi. -e, profit, gain. [Lat.] prtlfen, v. tr. w., to try, test, prove; to examine, make an examina- tion, investigate. Prilgel, s. m., gen. -s, pi. - -, cud- gel, stick; [in pi. general! means " heating, thrashing."]. Punkt, s. m., gen. -(e)s, ^1. -e, point [fr. Lat. /«;/^/«w] , icnce : pijnktlich, adj., punctua', exact; adv.. ))unctuallv; ininutclv, care fully. GLOSSA/^y. 163 putzen, V. tr. w., to clean, polish; (licss, bedeck; v. refl., to tiress, decorate one's self; clean one's self (p. II, 1. 18). Q, the seventeenth letter of the al- phabet, is rare in (ierm. words. It is always followed by u, and is pron. like i^ig. (/n in question. quillen, v. tr. w., to torment, tor- ture, tease ; v. refl., to torment one's self, work hard (see Sch., 1. 16, and note). R, the eighteenth letter of the al- phabet, is rolled much more strongly than in Eng., being formed by closing the mouth- tube by a slight pressure of the back of the tongue, ]ioint dmon- warJ t..e., conv( \ly),ag.iinst the palate. The letter is tf "refore guttural in Germ. In pri . Eng. r the point of the tongue is turned tipward (concavely), the tip touching the roots of the teeth ; the position is reversed in Germ. Rad, s. n., gen. -es, pi. RSder, wheel. Vaffen, v. tr. w., to snatch (rare exc. in comp.). Rand, s. m., gen. -es, pi. RSnder, edge, margin ; side (of a ship) ; rim; brim (of a hat) ; brink (of a precipice). rasch, adj., quick, rash; adv., quickly. lasen, v. intr. w., to rage, rave, be furious. risseln, v. intr. w., to rattle, clat- ter. Rat, s. m., gen. -(e)s, no pi., coun- sel, advice ; R. und Tat, advice and aid, aid and counsel [; coun- 1 cil; councillor; in the last sense, pi. Ritte ; in the first sense, pi. RatschlilKe]. raten, v. tr. and intr., riet, gera- ten, to advise, counsel (dat. of pers.) [ ; to guess, conjecture]. rauben, v. tr. w., to rob, deprive (ace. of thing, and dat. of pers.). Rauch, s. m., gen. -(e)8, no pi., smoke [Eng. "reek "]. rauchen, v. intr. w., to smoke, rf'ek ; ])artic. adj., -d, smoking. R&uchwolke, s. f., pi. -n, cloud of smoke. rauh, adj., rough, rude; adv., roughly, etc. rauschen, v. intr. w., to rush ; tc rustle (ref tirs to noise rather than motion). r^uspem, v. tr. refl. w., to cry hem, hem, clear the throat. Richeneximpel, s. n., gen. -s, pi. — , example in arithmetic. R6chenschaft, s. f., no pi., ac- count ; R. geben, to give ac- count. rechnen, v. intr. w., to reckon, ( .ilculate. recht, adj., no compar., right, cor- icct (moral rectitude or truth); genuine, real ; right, on the right hand (of position) ; zur Rechten (Hand), rechts, on the right (hand); adv., rightly, exactly, really (before veros); very (lie- fore adjs.). Recht, s. n., gen. -es, pi. -e, right, privilege, justice [; law]; R.ha- ben = •' to be right. " reden, v. intr. w., redete, %,^r''.' det, to speak, make a speech [used of more formal speech than sprechen]. r6dlich, adj., honest, upright; adv., honestly. rcg(e), adj., stirring, lively ; adv., astir, stirring (Sch., 1. 148). regcn, v. tr. refl. w., to stir, bestir one's self. Register, s. n. for., gen.-s, pi. — , register; list. [Lat.] lll:;ii ■ \ 1 ■ ' 1 64 GLOSSA/fY. m reich, adj., rich, wealthy [" rich in " = reich an]. Reich, s. n., gen. -(e)8, pi. -e, realm, empire, kingdutn [conn, with the Kng. suffix "-ric," as in "bishopric," etc.). reirhen, v. tr. and intr., to reach ; tw stretch out; to attain. refchlich, adj., plentiful, plenteous ; adv., pit ity, plentifully, abun- dantly. Rrichtum, 8. m., gen.-(e)8, pi. -turner, wealth, riches. [The sulifix -tuiii=Engl. suffix "-dom," as in "kingdom," etc. Nouns in -turn are n., exc. this one, and Irrtum ('* error ") ; Wachstum (growth) is m. or n.] Reim, s. m., gen. -(e)8, pi. -e, rhyme. reimen, v. tr. and intr. w., to rhyme. rein, adj., clean, deanly, pure; ax\v., cleanly, purely; [entirely.] reinigen, v. tr. w., to clean, cleanse, reinlich, adj., cleanly. Reise, s. f., pi. -n, journey, voy- age. reisen, v. n. and intr., to travel, go on a journey or voyage. [Conj. with sein when the destination is specified ; when the act only is specified, with haben ; e. g., " he has gone to Paris," er ist nach P. eereist; "he has travelled mucn," er hat viel gereist.] reissen, v. tr., riss, f erissen, to tear, pull ; carry ofTby violence. reiten, v. n. and infer., ritt, gerit- ten, to ride (on the back of an animal ; fahren is used of driv- ing, etc., in a veificle). [Takes haben when reiten = " to take riding exercise," and when no destination is mentioned.] rennen, v. n. and intr. irreg., rann- te, gerannt, to run (at speed), race. [Syns. laufep, rinnen, .see under laufen. Conj. with haben and sein; see under reisen.] Reue, s. f., no pi., repentance, penitence, remorse. reuen, v. impers. tr. w., to repent of, be sorry for ; es reut mich, " I am sorry for it." [The subj. of the I'.ngl. verb becomes obj. in (Jerm.] r6uig, adj., repentant, penitent; .idv., penitently. Revier, s. n., gen. -(e)8, i)l. -e, quarter, district; pron. the v as in Kng. Rhein, s. m. prop., gen. -(e>a, Rhine (river of Ocrniany). richten, v. tr. w., -etc, ge — et, to direct, guide; to jutlge; zu Qrunde r., to ruin. rfchtig, adj., right, correct; adv., correctly. Richtung, s. f., pi. -en, direction. riechen, v. tr., roch, gerochen, to smell; v. intr., to smell, be fra- grant. rfeseln, v. n. and intr. w., to rip- ple, run (of liquids). Riese, s. m., gen. -n, pi. -n, giant. riesengrosz, adj., no compar., gi- gantic, enormous, huge. rfesig, adj., no compar., gigantic, immense. [Ring, s. m., gen. -(e)8, pi. -e, ring, circle; hence :] rines (umher), adv. gen., round aoout (in a ring or circle). Rippe, s. f., pi. -n, rib. R6bert, s. m. prop., gen. -8, Robert. Rock, s. m., gen. -(e)s, pi. Rticke, coat [ ; gown ; garment] ; dim. Rttcklein, n. Roggen, s. m., gen. -s, no pi., rye ( kind of grain). Rdggenbrot, s. n., gen. -(e)s, no pi., rye-bread ; (pi. -e,) rye-loaf. roh, adj., [raw;] coarse, rude; adv., rudely, etc. Rohr, s. n., pi. -e or Rfihre, reed, cane ; tube, pipe. Rolle, s. f., pi. -n, roll (of money, etc.) [; role, part (in acting).] arossAnv. 165 rollfii, V. tr., to roll, roll u|>; to contract, knit (the bruw, Sch., 1.41)- [Rose, s. f., pi. -n, rose; hence :] R6senkranz, s. ni., gen. -es, pi. -krilnze, ro.sary, beads (used in reciting prayers), rot, adj., conipar. rtfter, red ; kein roter Heller, ** not a red cent " (vulg.), p. 36, 1. 9. R6tterdam, s. n. prop., gen. -s, HottcKlani (a city in ilollandj. rtlcken, v. n. ancl tr., to itiove ; to shove, push. RAckweg, 8. m., gen. -(e)8, pi. -e, way back, return, rilidern, v. intr. w., to row. rufen, v. tr. and intr., rief, geru- fen, to call ; to summon. [The w. form of inipf. (nifte) also oc- curs, but is now obsolete.] [Ruhe, s. f., no pi., rest, repose; peace; hence:] riihig, adj., quiet, calm, ruhrbar, adj., emotional, sensitive, easily touched, rtlhren, v. tr. and refl. w.,to move; V. tr., to touch (with emotion). Runde, s. f., pi. -n, round, circuit ; in der R., round about, in the neighbourhood. Rusz, s. m., gen. -es, no pi., soot, smut. rUszig, adj., sooty, smutty. S S, the nineteenth letter of the al- phabet, is generally pron. as in Eng., but at the beginning of a word or syll., pron. like z in zone; when final, it is always sharp (=jj). For ss we gener- ally write sz after a simple long vowel, ss after short vowel or diphthong. In the German char- acter sz is always used for ss when final, or before a cons., or after a long vowel or diphthong, sch = Kng. sh. Before p and t Ihc pronunciation of s af>prthuhcs that of sch, at the l>eginning of words only, in general practice, although the grammars protest against this pronunciation. Sack, s. m., gen.-(e)8, pi. SXcke, sack, bag. Sacrament, s. n. for., gen.-(e)8, pi. -e, sacrament. S&cristto, 8. m. for., gen. -(e)8, pi. -e, sacristan, sexton. Sage, H. f., pi. -n, tale, myth, le- gend; report. sagen, v. tr. and intr. w., to say, mention. Saine(n), s. m., gen. -n or -ns, dat. ace. -n, pl.-n, seed. [Compare decl. of Qlaube, etc.] [sammeln, v. tr. w., to gather, collect, assemble [conn, with sain(in)t, "together with"; hence :] SAmmlung, s. f., pi. -en, collec- tion. S4nctus, s. n. for. indecl., the Sanctus ; see note to Sch., 1. 167. Sand, s. m., gen. -(e)8, no pi., sand. sanft, adj., soft, gentle, quiet; adv., softly, etc. sasz, impf. ind. of sitzen, " to sit." Satz, s. m., gen. -es, pi. SKtze, leap, jump, bound ; stake, stakes (in gambling) ; [sentence, clause (from setzen).] [sauber,] s&uberlich, clean, neat, cleanly; adv., neatly. sausen, v. intr. w., to whistle, rush, shriek, howl (of the wind). Sausen, s. n. (inf.), gen. -s, no pi., rushing, whistling, howling ; blast. Sav6m(e), s. n. prop., Saverne (in Alsace) [the Fr. form of the Germ. Zdbern\. Schade(n), s. m., gen. -n or -ns, dat. ace. -n, pi. -n or Sch&den [compare decl. of Friede(n), Glaube(n), etc.] schaden, v. intr. w., -ete, ge — et, to harm, injure, do harm or in- \\\ I i66 GLOSSAKY. jury to (dat. note to p. 59, of 1. obj.); see also Schidenlust, s. f., no pi., mali- ciousness, malice [lit. "delight in (others') harm;" = Scha- denfreude]. schaffen, v. tr. w., to procure, (= . verschaffen) ; to have to do with a person (p. 23, 1. n), [dia- lectically (South German), "to work." The strong verb (schaf- fen, schuf, geschaffen) = " to create."] schallen, v. intr., schallte or scholl, geschallt or (rarely) ge- schollen, to sound, resound ; to boom. Scham, s.f., no pi., [shame;] mod- esty. schSmen, v. tr. refl., to be ashamed (ace. of pers. refl. pron., gen. of obj., or iiber with ace). Schande, s. £., plj -n, shame, dis- grace ; 2U -n werden, to be dis- graced, put to shame. Schar, s. f., pi. -en, crowd, multi- tude, host. Schatz, s. m.,gen.-es, pi. SchStze, treasure. schatzen, v. tr. w., [to esteem ;] to estimate; to assess, tax, value. Sch&tzhauser, s. m., gen. -s, pi. — , treasure-keeper. See p. 7, 1. 30, and note. schauen, v. tr. and intr., to look, gaze ; see, behold. [More expli- cit than its syn. sehen.] Schauer, s. m., gen. -s, pi. — , shudder, shiver, horror; [shower (in which sense it is also f. and n.) ; shed.] schau(e)rig, adj., horrible, horrid, gruesome. Sch&uspiel, s. n., gen. -(e)s, pi. -e, spectacle [hence also play, drama]. Schc'ibe, s. f., pi. -n, [slice; disk (of the moon, etc.) ; pane (of glass); target;] brim (of a hat, etc.). Schein, s. m., gen. -(e)s, pi. -e, light, sheen, brightness; dawn (of day. .Sch., 1. 9); appearance; zum S., for the sake of appear- ances ; bill (of exchange, money), note (money). scheinen, v. intr., schien, ge- schienen, to shine ; to seem, appear. schellen, v. tr. w., to ring (a bell) [conn, with schallen]. Schelm, s. m., gen. -(e)s, pi. -e, rogue, rascal. Schenke, s. f., pi. -n, tavern, inn. schenken, v. tr. w., to make a gift or present, give, present. Scherge, s. m., gen. -n, pi. -n, officer of the law; bailiff; con- stable [conn, with Eng. " ser- geant "]. Scherz, s. m., gen. -es, pi. -e, joke, jest. Scheu, s. f., no pi., shyness, ti- midity; awe. scheu, adj., shy, timid. scheuen, v. tr. w., to avoid; to fear ; [v. intr., to shy (of a horse).] schicken, v. tr. w., to send [syn. senden, "to send, despatch" (ambassadors, etc., of move im- portant messages than schick- en)]; v. refl., to behave, con- duct one's self; v. refl. impers., es schickt sich, "it is proper, becoming," etc. Schicksal, s. n., gen. ■•(e)s, pi. -e, fate, lot, destiny. [Syn. Ge- schick.] schieben, v. tr., schob, gescho- ben, to shove, push ; to put (the blame of a thing) on a pers. (gov. auf with ace. ; see p. 47, 1. i). schielen, v. intr. w., to look as kance, squint (gov. nach). schiessen, v. intr. and tr., schoss, gcschossen, to shoot. Schiff, s.n., gen.-(e)s, pi. -e, shij). sailing-vessel. Schiffbruch, s. m., gen. -(e)s, ])1. -briiche, shipwreck. Schiffsherr, s. m., gen. -n, i)l. -en, ship-owner. GLOSSAh'Y. 167 Schild, s. n., gen. -(e)s, \i\. -er, shield, sign (of an inn, shop, etc.) [; s. m., pi. -e, shield (armour)]. Schlaf, s. m., gen. -es, pi. SchlSfe (rare), sleep, slumber. schlafen, v. intr., schlief, geschla- fen, schlSfst, to sleep, slumber, be asleep. Schlae, s. m., gen. -(e)s, pi. SchTsge, blow ; stroke ; crash (p. 12, 1. 27) ; S. zwttlf Uhr, at the stroke of 12 (p. 19, 1. 12, and note) ; beat (of the heart) ; pi., beating, thrashing. schlagen, v. tr. and intr., schlug, geschlagen, schlMgst, to strike, beat ; to cut (timber), fell (trees) ; zu Boden s., to knock down (lit. to the ground), to wrap up (gov. in with ace, p. 48, 1. 27). Schlange, s. f., pi. -n, serpent, snake, schlank, adj., slim, slender, tall. schlau, adj., sly, cunning ; adv., slyly. schiecht, adj., bad, evil (of moral character) [conn, with Eng. " slight ;" schiecht (== schlicht) und recht, plainly and honest- ly]- schleichen, v. n. and intr. refl., schlich, geschlichen, to sneak, creep, crawl. [schleissen, v. tr., schliss, ge- schlissen, to slit; to strip; see verschleissen, below.] Schlemmen, s. n. (inf.), gen. -s, no pi., carousing ; guzzling ; dis- sipation. schleppen, v. tr., to drag (along the ground) ; drag with difficulty (see note to p. 14, 1. 14). schl6udern, v. tr. w., to hurl, fling. schUessen, v. tr. and refl., schloss, geschlossen, to lock, close, shut; v. intr., to conclude, infer, judge. schlimm, adj., bad (of character, morally, or of circumstances); adv., badly. Schloss, s. n., gen. -es, pi. Schlfis- ser, lock; castle. [Conn, with schliessen.] Schlot, s. m., gen. -(e)s, pl.-e and Schldte, chimney, flue. Schlucht, s. f., pi. -en, gorge, ra- vine, gully. Schluck, s. m., gen. -(e)s, pi. — (as noun of quantity), -e, or SchlUcke, gulp, draught. Schlund, s. m., gen. -(e)s, pi. SchlUnde, mouth ; opening ; depth. Schlurker, s. m. prop., Schlurker (family name), schmachten, v. intr. w., -ete, ge ^t, to languish, pine, [schmiicheln, v. intr. w., to flaner (dat. of pers.) ; hence :] Schmeichler, s. m., gen. -s, pi. — , flatterer. schmelzen, v. intr., schmolz, ge- schmolzen, schmilz, schmil- zest, to be melted, melt [ ; v. tr. w., to smelt, cause to melt, melt.] Schmerz, s. rn., gen. -es, pi. -en ; or -en, gen. -s, pi. — , pain. [Eng. " smart."] schmdrzhaft, j a fj., painful ; adv., schm^rzlich, ) painfully. schm6ttern, v. r. w., to dash, shatter; in den Boden s., to annihilate (see p. 17, 1. 26, and note) ; v. intr., to bray, blow (of a trumpet, etc.). Schm6ttern, s. n. (inf. of prec), gen. -s, no pi., blast, blowing, sound (of a horn, etc.). schmiegen, v. tr. and refl. w., to bend to, accommodate one's self to [gov. nach (as at p. 25, 1. 1 1), or an; with latter =" to fawn upon "]. Schndbel, s. m., gen. -s, pi. SchnKbel, beak, bill (of a bird). Schnalle, s. f., pi. -n, buckle. Schnaps, s. m., gen. -es, pi. -e and Schnitpse, ardent spirits, gin, grog ; a glass of grog (p. 50, 1. 6). [schneiden, v. tr., schnitt, ge- schnitten, to cut.] i68 GLOSSAh'V Bchnell, adj., quick, fast; adv., quickly, fast. Schnitter, s. m., gen. -s, pi. — , reaper (from schner'den). schnltzeln, v. tr., to carve, whittle (from schneiden). schon, adv., already, ever; as soon as ; [of very frequent occurrence ; meaning best illustrated by ex- amples ; schon heute, ''as early as to-day (no later) ; " ich werde es schon tun, " I shall be stire to do it;" often left untrans- lated]. schon, adj., fair, beautiful, pleas- ant, agreeable, fine ; adv., beau- tifully, etc. ; schSnstens, superl. adv., very much, exceedingly. Schreck, s. m., gen, -s, pi. -e (rare) ; or Schrecken, gen, -s, pi. — , fright, fear, terror. schr^cklich, adj., terrible, dread- ful ; adv., terribly^ etc. schreiben, v, tr, andintr., schrieb, geschrieben, to write. schreien, v. intr., schrie, ge- schrie(e)n, to cry out, scream, shout. schreiten, v. n, and intr., schritt, geschritten, to stride, step; [conj. with sein and haben ; see under reisen and reiten.] Schritt, s, m., gen, -(e)s, pi, -e, step, stride, Schiibfach, s, n., gen, -(e)s, pi. -facher, drawer [from schie- ben]. schuchtern, adj., timid, shy; ,-\dv., timidly, etc, Schuh, s. m., gen, -(e)s, pi. -e or — , shoe ; foot (measure of length ; in this sense, pi, — ), Schuld, s. f., pi, -en, guilt, fault; debt; es ist meine S., "it is my fault;" schuld sein, to be the cause of anything (gov, an with dat.). [schuld is here used like a pred. adj., and may be spelt with a small letter or cap.] schiildig, adj., guilty; owing, in- debted (dat, of pers. ; ace, of thing), as: ich bin ihm zehn Ta- ler s., " I owe him ten dollars ; " s. werden, to get into (anyone's) debt, become his debtor (dat. of pers,). Schiildner, s, m., gen, -s, pi. — , debtor, [Schule, s. f., pi, -n, school ; hence :] Schiilmcister, s, m., gen. -s, pi. — , schoolmaster. Schulter, s, f,, pi. -n, shoulder. schutteln, v. tr. and intr, w., to shake; v. refl., to shake one's self, shake, quake, fichUtzen, v, tr, w., to protect, de- fend, Schwaben, s, n, prop,, gen. -s, Suabia [a former duchy in S. Germany, comprising chiefly the present kingdom of Wiirtemberg and grand-duchy of Baden], schwach, adj., compar. schwSch- er, weak, feeble; adv., weakly, etc. schwanken, v. intr, w., to totter, waver; partic. adj., -d, [totter- ing, wavering,] nodding, vibrat- ing (see p, 24, 1, 10), schwarz, adj,, compar, schwSrzer, black; dark. Schw4rzdorn, s. m,, gen. -(e)s, no \>\., blackthorn, Schwirzdornstdck, s, m., gen, -(e)s, pi, -stScke, blackthorn stick or cudgel, SchwSrzwald, s, m, prop., gen. -(e)s, no pi., Black Forest [in Baden, in the South of Germany ; always decl. as one word, the latter component only being va- ried]. Schwirzwaider, s. m,, gen, -s, pi. — , Black Forester, inhabitant of the Black Forest; f,, -in, pi. -innen, woman of the Black Forest. schwfirzwaider, adj. indecl., of or belonging to the Black Forest (see p. II, 1, 4, and note). GLOSSARY. 169 in Ta- rsi's, yone's) [dat. of pi.—, school ; J, pi. —1 Ider. . w., to ke one's itect, de- gen, -s, hy in S. iiefly the rtemberg den]. chwSch- , weakly, to totter, i, [totter- g, vibrat- hwarzer, -(e)s, no m., gen. lackthorn op., gen. orest [in jermany ; ^vord, the being va- i\\. -s, pi. labitant of I, -in, pi- le Black led., of or Tk Forest |e). Schw&rzwaldspeise, s. f., ])l. -n. Black Forest food or dish. schwatzen (or schwJitzen), v. tr. w., to chat, chatter. Schweif, s. m., gen. -(e)s, pi. -e, tail. [Syn. Schwanz, which is of more frequent occurrence.] schweigen, v. intr., schwieg, ge- schwiegen, to be silent, keep silent. Schwelle, s. f., pi. -n, threshold. schwellen, v. n., schwoll, ee- schwollen, schwill, schwilTst, or w., to swell (the weak fornk is usually trans.). schwer, adj., heavy ; grave, griev- ous; difficult; adv., heavily, etc. schw6rlich, adv., hardly, scarcely. Schwiegersohn, s. m., gen. -(e)s, pl.-stJhne, son-in-law. schwierig, adj., hard, difficult; hard to please, nice, fastidious (p. 49, 1. 6). schwindeln, v. impers. tr., to be giddy [ " I am giddy " = mich schwindelt; the subj. in Eng. becoming obj. in Germ.; v. tr., to swindle]. schwdren, v. tr. and intr., schwor or schwur, geschworen, to swear, take an oath [not neces- sarily of profane swearing, like its syn. fluchen, "to curse;" see above]. schwUl, adj., sultry, close, oppres- sive (of the weather). sechs(e); card, num., six; ord. sechste, sixth (pron. " sex "). S^chsb£ltzner, s.m., gen.-s, pi. — , coin worth 6 Batzen ; sixpenny- piece, sixpence. Sechser, s. m., gen. -s, pi. — , same as prec. s^chzehn, card, num., sixteen. s6chzehnjlihrig, adj., sixteen-year- old. See, s. f., pi. -n, sea, ocean. [Syn. Meer.] [See, s. m., pi. -n, lake.] Seele, s. f., pi. -n, soul. Seelenverkaufer, s. n\., (;cr.. -s, pi. — , kidnapper ; crimp [one who kidnaps men for ships ; lit. " soul-seller"]. Segen, s. m., gen.-s, no pi., bless- ing; benediction. segpnen, v. tr. w., -ete, ge — et, to bless; partic. adj., ge — et, pros- perous; see p. 14, 1. 1. sehen, v. tr and intr., sah, ge- sehen, sieh, siehst, to see ; to behold; sich $. lassen, to show one's self, appear. [sehnen, v. tr. refi., to yearn, long for (gov. nach); hence:] S^hnsucht, s. f., no pi., yearning, longing, desire. sehr, adv., very, very much fScotch "sair," Eng. "sore," as m "sore afraid"]. sein, V. n., auxil. of tense, impf. ind. war, part, gewesen, pres. ind. bin, bist, 1st, sind, seid, sind ; pres. subj. sei, to be (used as copula in a sent, and as auxil. of perf., plupf., and fut. perf. with many neut. verbs, partic- ularly of motion); [formerly spelt seyn, to dist. from foil. ;J v. n. impers., to feel (gov. dat. with zu Mut understood). For dif- ference between es ist, es sind, " there is, there are," and es gibt, see under geben, above. sein or seiner, gen. third pers. pron. sing. m. (and n. when re- ferring to animate objects; see es), his; its (her, referring to fem. dim., as MSdchen; hence:) sein, -e, — , poss. adj., third pers. sing. m. (and n. of animate ob- jects), his; its (her). Properly only used when referring to the subj. of the sent., or of the prin- cipal sent. ; when referring to anything else, the posa. adj. of third person should be replaced by the gen. ci».se of the demonstr. (dessen, deren, dessen, or desselben, eic. ).] seit [or seitd6m], subord. conj., since (of time, not cause). )i r 'I •^ if. I': 3 T/O Cr.OSSARY seit, pre])., gov. flat., since; seit vielen Tagen, for many day.s l)ast. Seite, s. f., pi. -n, side; bei S., on one side. selber, see selbst, below. s61big, demonstr. adj., same [iisu- allv prec. by def. art., = der- selbe]. selbst, selber, pers. pron. of em- ])hasis, self [never v.sed by itself as a refl. pron., but always in conj. with a subst. or other pron., as: ich selber, "i myself-," ich sehe mich selbpt, *' I see myself (emphatic)] ; ?.ilv., even ; von s., of one's own ac'CKi. selten, [adj., rare, scarce;] adv., rarely, seldom, hardly ever. Separatist, s. m. for., gen. -en, pi. -en, dissenter, schismatic (see p. 38, 1. 19). ) setzen, v. tr. w. (caus. of sitzen), to set, place (in a sitting posi- tion) ; v. refl., to sit down ; to settle down; v. intr., to leap, jump (with liber and ace, p. 23, 1. 25). seufzen, v. intr. w., to sigh. sich, refl, pron. third pers., all genders, sing, and pi., dat. and ace. , himself, herself, itself, them- selves ; recipr. pron., each other. sicher, adj., secure, safe. sichtbar, adj., visible; adv., vis- ibly. sic, pers. pron. third sing, fem., gen. ihrer or ihr, dat. ihr, ace. sie, she, her; it (of inanimate objects). sie, pers. pron. third pi., all gen- ders, gen. ihrer or ihr, dat. ihnen, ace. sie, they, them. [When written with a capital let- ter, is used as pron. of address, instead of the second pers. sing, and pi., the verb agreeing with it in the third pers. pi.] sieben(e), card, num., seven; ord. siebente, seventh. Silber, s. n., gen.-s, no ]>1., silver. silbern, adj., no conipar., of silver, liiver; silvery. singen, v. tr. and intr., sang, ge- sungen, to sing. sinken, v. n., sank, gesunken, to sink; to fall (in die Kniee, on one's knees) ; s. lassen, to let fall, drop. Sinn, s. m., gen. -es, pi. -e [or ••en], sense; mind; disposition; meaning ; im S. haben, to have in mind, to intend; Einem in den S. kommen, to come into one's mind, occur to one. sinnen, v. intr., sann, gesonnen, to reflect, thiiil:; partic. adj., -d, thoughtful, pensive; in thought. Sitte, s. f., pi. -n, custom; man- ner ; ])1. morals. sitzen, v. intr., sasz, gesessen, to sit. so, adv., so, thus ; such (before adj.) ; conj., so (frequently to be left untranslated) ; it is very com- mon as introducing a princ sent, when preceded by a dep. sent. See App. I., § 10 (a), note; also p. 20, 1. 24, and note. It is of very frequent use in conversa- tion, and may indicate assent, dissent, surprise, etc., etc. Its nearest Eng. equivalent in this sense is " indeed "; see p. 33, 1. 13, and note; also p. 42, I. 17. [wie, " as, " the correlative of so, is freq. omitted, t'.g.^ after foil.] sobdld, conj., as soon as. sogdr, adv., even. Sohn, s. m., gen. -(e)s, pi. S6hne, son ; dim. SQhnlein [-chen], n. solcher, -e, -es, demonstr. adj., such, so; when foil, by indef. art. or adj., solch is not decl. Sold, s. m. gen. -es, pl.-e (rare). pay [fr. Italian soldo] ; hence ; Sold&t, s. m., gen. -en, pi. -en, soldier, sollen, V. intr., aux. of mood, pros. ind. soil, sollst, soil, sollen, etc.; prcs. subj. solle ; inij^f. ind. and subj. sollte ; i)art. ge- 'Ml /•il GLOSS A NY. 171 silver, ^g, ge- ken, to liee, on I, to let , _e [or ositiou ; to have in em in )me into isonnen, . adj-.-d, thought. ,m; man- essen, to h (before ntly to be very conv )rinc. sent, dep. sent, lote; also . It is of conversa- Lte assent, etc. Its ■nt in this lee p. 33» ^■ . 42, 1- I7- itive of so, iter foil.] Ipl. Sahne, ■Chen], 11 Instr. adj., by indef. lot decl. .-e (rare), hence : pi. -en, hiood, prcs. Ill, soUen, tile; imi'f. part, ge- Etollt; no impcr. ; shall, nuist ; to be compelled (p. 22, 1. 20); ich soil es tun, " I am to do it." [Indicates that the subj. of the verb is under the control of some other person ; of moral obligation rather than physical (see mUssen). "Shall," when mere aux. of fut. tense in Eng., is to be rendered by werden (see werden, wollen). • Shares the peculiarities of other auxs. of mood, as : er hUtte es tun sol- len, " he ought to have done it " (though the form er sollte es getan haben is also admissible), see dUrfen.] Er soil es getan haben, " He is said to have done it." See p. 3, 1. 20, etc. Sommer, s. m., gen. -s, pi. — , summer. sdnderbar, adj., strange, singular, peculiar; from foi^. s6ndem, v. tr. w., to separate ; v. refl., to be distingviished, differ (dist. from foil.). 36ndem, coord, cop. conj., but; used after a neg. when there is a correction of the whole or part of a previous statement ; hence "not only -but also" = nicht nur- sonde m auch; aber is always used after an affirmative proposition; also after a neg. sent, if introducing, not a correc- tion, but a limitation of, or an ad- dition to, a previous statement ; as: Er hat es noch nicht ge- tan, abererwird es tun, "He has not yet done it, but he will do it;" see also aber. [Conn, with besonders, sondevbar, and Kng. " asunder," hence the mean- ing-] S6nnabend, s. m., gen.-s, pi. -e, Saturday; -s, adv. gen., on Sat- urday [eve of Sunday; syn. S&mstag]. Sonne, s. f., pi. -n, sun. Sbnnenwirt, .s. m. jnop., gen. -(e^s. landlord of the Sun (tavern with the sign of the sun). Sdnntag, s. m., gen. -(e)s, pi. -e, Sunday; -s, adv. gen., on Sun- day, on Sundays. S6nntagshut, s. m., gen. -(e)s, pi. -hUte, Sunday-hat, best hat. Sdnntagskind, s. n., gen. -es, pi. -er, child born on Sunday, lucky child [according to the common belief to that effect]. Sbnntagsstaat, s. m., gen. -(e)3, no pi., Sunday clothes, best clothes, Sunday-best (vulg.). Sbnntagswamms, s. n., gen. -es, pi. -wSmmser, Sunday-jacket, best jacket. sonst, conj., otherwise, else ; adv., formerly, generally, usually; s. niemand, nobody else; sonst nichts, nothing else, u orge, s. f., pi. -n, care, anxiety (gov. um). sorgen, v. intr. w., to feel care, be anxious; take care of (gov. fUr or um). sdrgenlos, adj., careless, free from care. Span, s. m., gen. -(e)s, pi. SpSne, splint, splinter, chip. Spann, s. n., gen.-(e)s, pi. or -e, span (of horses, etc.), team; timbers of a ship. Spann, s. m., instep (of the human foot). Spanne, s. f., pi. -n, span (meas- ure of distance and time). spat, spat, adj. and adv., late [the latter form usually in the phrase : friih und spat, as in Sch., 1. 85.] Speck, s. m., gen. -(e)s, no pi., '^acon ; fat, lard. Speise, s. f., pi. -n, food; dish. speisen, v. tr. and intr. w. , to feed ; to eat. spenden, v. tr. w., -ete, ge et, to spend, expend; distribute, give av,ay. Spiel, s. n., gen. -(e)s, pi. -e, play, game, sport; gaming, gambling; i < i.'. :m! •' 172 GLOSSARY. \ K I' %' auf's S. setzen, to set at stake (as in gambling). spielen, v. intr. and tr. w., to play ; to gamble; to draw lots (=lo- sen, p. 9, 1. 2). Spielen, s. n. (inf. of prec), gen. -s, no pi., gambling, pjay. Spieler, s. m., gen. -s, pi. , player ; gambler, gamester. Spielpeter, s. m. prop., gen. -s, gambling Peter, Peter the gam- bler. Spinne, s. f., pl.-n, spider; hence: spinnen, v. tr. and int.. spann, gesponnen, to spin. Spinnenw^be, s. f., pi. -n, spider's web, cobweb, [al <> -i-ewebe, n.] spitz, adj., poiu) 'sharp. Spitze, s. f., r >•. point, sharp point [in the pi. iiso = " lace "]. Spott, s. m., geh. • f no pi., mockery, scorn; S mciben, to make fun of (gov. mit). spotter, V. intr. w., -etc, ge — et, to mock, jeer (gov. liber with ace). sprechen, v. intr., Sprach, ge- sprochen, sprich, sprichst, to speak [more general expression than reden or sagen] ; v. tr,, to utter, pronounce (judgment, sentence, etc.), to speak to a pers. (ace. of pers.), have an in- terview with (see p. y^, 1. 12, and notej. spreizen, v. tr. and refl. w., to spread. springen, V. n., sprang, gesprun- gen, to jump, leap; to run; to burst (= zerspringen). Spruch, s. m., gen. -(e)s, pi. SprUche, speech, saying ; magic spell; [proverb;] diin. SprUch- lein, n. [Conn, vith sprechen.] sprUhen, v. intr. w., to throw off sparks, sparkle, flash ; partic. adj., -d, sparkling, flashing. Sprung, s. m., gen. -(e)s, pi. SprUnge, leap, jump. Spuk, s. m., gen. -(e)s, pi. -e. ghost, spectre ; apparition [hence the Americanism " spook " = ghost, which comes from the Dutch and (lerm. settlers]. Spur, s. f., pi. -en, trace, track, sign, mark. Staat, s. m., gen. -(e)s, pi. -en, state (political); state, pomp, show; hence: best clothes, holi- day ap])a:el [no pi., except in first sense only]. St^atswamms, s. n., gen. -es, pi. -wMmmser, best jacket, holiday jacket. Stab, s. rn., gen. -(e)s, pi. StSbe, staff, stick, prop, support. Stadt, s. f., pi. Stadte (with long S), city, town ; dim. StSdtcben, n. Stall, s' m., gen. -(e s, pi. StSlle, stable, stall, sty. [Conn, with stellen and stelien.] Staixim, s. m., gen. -(e)s, pi. StSmme, stem, trunk (of a tree) ; log. stampfen, v. intr. v,., to stamp (the foot). Stand, s. m., gen. -es, pi. StSnde (place where one stands), stand- ing; position; rank; condition (of life) [conn, with stehen]. stand, impf. ind. of stehen, "to stand;" subj. stSnde or stUnde. st^ndhaft, adj., steadfast, firm; manly, courageous; adv., firmly, manfully. Stsnge, s. f., pi. -n> pole, stick, staff. stark, adj.,compai . starker, strong. stSrken, v. tr. w. (cans, from prec), to strengthen, make strong, invigorate; partic. adj., -d, strengthening, etc. [Statt, s. f., no pi., stead, p'ace, room; hence:] statt, prep., gov. gen., instead of, in place of [= an Statt, an- statt; as conj., foil, by dasz, as ; statt dasz der Floss . . . gieng, " instead of the raft's fin- ing " (p. 15, 1. 17); or sup., a.s: stati zu kommen, "instead of f 'I GLOSSARY. 173 f I [hence ok yea. the , track, pi. -en, pomp, les, holi- xcept in . -es, pi. , holiday )1. Stabe, )rt. with long itchen, n. pi. Staile, onn. with -(e)s, pi. (^of a tree) ; to stamp pi. Stande ids), stand- condition tehen]. ehen, "to or stUnde. fast, firm; dv., firmly, pole, stick, ker, strong. :aus. from len, make artic. adj., tead, p'ace, instead of, Statt, an- |ll. by dasz. Floss . • • Ihe raft's fo- lor svip., a^ = "instead t>t coming," to replace the Kng. partic. subst.; see also p. 12, 1.8, where the sup. zu kommen must be supplied]. stdttlich, adj., stately, handsome, grave ; adv., in state, grandly. staunen, v. intr. w., to wonder, to be astonished or surprised. Staunen, s.n., gen.-s, no pi. (inf. of prec), astonishment, surprise. stechen, v. tr., stach, gestochen, Btich, stichst, to stick, prick; V. intr., to spear (fish, with nach) ; partic. adj., -d, piercing. St^chstange, s. f., pi. -n, pike- pole (long pole with sharp iron point, used by raftsmen). stecken, v. n. and intr., stack or steckte, gestocken or gesteckt, i-t'ck or stecke, stickst or steckst, to stick fast, stick; to hide, be hidden, be concealed (see p. 18, 1. 14). [The weak forms of conjug. are in more general use ; and haben is the more usual aux.] Stecken, v. tr. w., to stick (a pin, etc., into a pers. or thing). Stehen, v. intr. irreg., stand (subj. stSnde or stUnde), gestanden, to stand ; v. impers., to suit, be- come, be becoming to (dat. of pers.); Frage (or Rede) s., to give account (p. 55, 1. 6). Steig, s. m., gen. ~(e)s, pi. -e, path, foot-path. steigen, v. n., stieg, gestiegen, to rise, ascend. steil, adj., steep, precipitous. Stein, s. m., gen. -(e)s, pi. -e, stone. stelnern, adj., no compar., of stone, stone, stony. Steinherz, s. n., gen. -ens, dat. -en, ace. , pi. -en, Ftone-heart, stony heart, heart of stone. stefnreich, adj., no compar., very rich, extremely rich [compare the Eng. "stone-blind"]. Stelle, s. f., pi. -11, (place where a thing is put,) place ; spot ; posi- tion ; an Ort und S., in its proper place; zur S., or auf der S., on the spot, instantly; zur S. also = to the spot, hither, stellen, v. tr. w. (caus. of stehen), to set upright, put to stand, place, set ; v. refl., to place one's self, take one's place. sterben, v. n., starb (subj. stikrbe), gestorben, stirb, stirbst, to die, expire, st^rblich, adj., no compar., mortal. Stem, s. m., gen. -(e)s, pi. -e, star. Steuer, s. f., pi. -n, tax [; s. n., pi. — , rudder]. Stiefel, s. m., gen. -s, pi. — or -n, boot. Stiel, s. m., gen. -(e)s, pi. -e, handle (of an axe, etc.). still(e), adj., still, silent, quiet; im Stillen, in silence, quietly; in secret, secretly. Stilie, s. f., no pi., quiet, silence, calm. stillschweigend, aoj. , silent ; adv., silently. Stimme, s. f., pi. -n, voice. stimmen, v. intr. w., to be in tune, accord with (gov. zu) ; v. tr., to tune; to attune (also gov. zu). Stime, s. f., pi. -n, brow, forehead, front. Stock, s. m.jgen. -(e)s, pi. Stcicke, stick, cane, stcjhnen, v. intr. w., to moan, groan. Stdla, s. f. for., no pi., stole (part of a priest's robes ; see note to Sch., 1. 157). Stolz, s. m., gen. -es, no pi., pride ; haughtiness, arrogance. [May be a justifiable pride, which Hochmut never is.] stolz, adj., compar. -er [or stdlzer], proud, haughty (of persons) ; magnificent, gorgeous (of things) ; adv., proudly. stopfen, V. tr. w., to stop up; stutf ; fill (a i)ipe ; p. 29, 1. 13) [darn (stockings, etc.)]. h -l^ 174 GLOSSARY. r i Stosz, s. ni., ficn.-es, pi. StOsze, blow, kiHick, |)u.sh. stoszen, v. li . and intr.. stiess, ge- stoszen, to knock against, push (gov. an or auf with ace.) ; to bump, jolt ; to come upon, stum- ble on (gov. auf with ace. ; see p. 44, I. 20) ; mit dem Fusze s., to kick. [Strang, s. m., gen. -(e)s, pi. StrSn- ge, string, cord, rope.] Str^szburg, s. n. prop., gen. -s, .Strasburg (capital of Alsace, on the Rhine). Strasze, s. f., \^\. -n, street, road, highway; seine S. gehen, to go one's way (p. 21, 1. 6, = seines Weges) [from Lat. stratum, " way laid down"]. StrSszenlSufer, s. m., gen.-s, pi. — , vagabond, stroller, tramp [hence, through the Pennsylva- nian (Jerman /«/*/>, the Amer. " loafer "]. strecken, v. tr. refl. and intr. w., to stretch, extend. Streich, s. m., gen. -(e)s, pi. -e, stroke, blow; trick. streichen, v. tr. and intr., strich, gestrichen, to stroke, smooth, brush. streng(e), adj., strict, stern, rigid [; rancid, strong (of butter, etc.).] streuen, v. tr.w., to strew, scatter. Strom, s. ni., gen. -(e)s, pi. Stroma, stream, river. Strdmtal, s. n., gen. -(e)s, pi. -taler, river-valley. stromen, v. intr. and n. (haben and sein; sec under reisenj w., to stream, ptnir. strotzen, v. intr. w., to be filled to bursting, to swell (p. 31, 1. 4). Strumpf, s. m., gen. -(e)s, pi. Striimpfe, stocking ; diminutive Strumpf chen, n. Stube, s. f., pl.-n, room, chand)er, a])artment; dim. Stubchen, n. Stubenfenster, s. n., gen. -s, ])). — , clKunber -window. Stuck, s. n., gen. -(ejs, pi. -e. |)iccc, bit, fragment ; dim. -chen and lein, n. [Stufe, f., pl.-n, step; ore (in comp. Jt£isenstufe ; see above). Stuhl, s. m., gen. -(e)s, pi, StUhle, chair [Eng. " stool "]. [stumpf, adj., compar. -er or stUmpfer, blunt, pointless ; dull ; stupid.] Stunde, s. £., pl.-n, hour (division of point of time); an hour's walk, league (measure of dis- tance; very common v,> Germ, in this sense). [Uhr = " clock, timepiece." Conn, with stehen, " the point at which time stands" Occurs in Eng. as " stound " in Gay cic] stiindenlang, adj. and adv., for hours. Sturm, s. m., gen. -(e)s, pi. Stiir- me, storm, tempest. Stiirmnacht, s. f., pi. -nSchte, stormy or tempestuous night, wild night. stUrzen, v. n. tr. and refl. w., to fall, tumble, fall headlong, pre- cipitate, rush, plunge, sink, over- turn. sttitzen, v. tr. w., to support, prop up. suchen, v. tr. w., to seek, search for (also gov. nach). Suchen, s. n., gen. -s, no pi., seek- ing, searching, search. Siinde, s. f., pi. -n, sin. Sunder, s. m., gen.-s, pi. — , sinner. Suppe, s. f., pl.-n, soup, broth. SUppentdller, s. m., gen. -s, pi. — , soup-plate. sUsz, adj., sweet. T, the twentieth letter of the al- phabet, is pron. as in En^. The combination th, as pron. m Eng., is unknown in Germ. Until late- ly, h was frequently inserted at the end of words and sylls. r GLOSSARY. 175 -chcn are (in )ove). ItUhle, er or ,; dull; livision hour's o£ dis- GeiTO- " clock, stehen, stands." und " in dv., for 5I. StUr- -nSlchte, a night, fl. w., to ong, pre- ink, over- )ort, prop |k, search pi, seek- -, sinner, broth, -s, pi.— . of the al- tn. in Eng., [until late inserted [and sylls. after t to indicate that the pre- ceding vowel was long, as in Muth ; but this h is now dropped (as Mut). It was also found at the beginning of words, to indi- cate the length of the foil, vowel, and is still in general use in many words (as thun, Thlire, etc.), but is omitted in this ed. ; words beg. with tha — , thu— , etc., should therefore be sought under ta, tu, etc. (as tat, tun, etc., for that, thun, etc.). T&bak (or TabAck), s. m., gen. -s, no pi., tobacco. Tact, see Takt. Tdfel, s. f., pi. -n, table [; slate, tablet; syn. Tisch ; the former generally of a table when spread with eatables, etc.]. Tag, s. m., gen.-(e)s, pl.-e, day; adv. gen.,des-s, in the day-time, by day; Tags zuvor, the day before. T^geshdle, s. f., no pi., bright- ness or light of day, daylight. Takt (or Tact), s. m., gen. -es, pi. -e, time, measure (in music, etc.) ; im T., in time, keeping time; [hence: tact, fine feeling.] Tal, s. n., gen. -(e)s, pi. TSler, valley, vale. Taler, s. m., gen. -8, pi. — , dollar [a coin; abbreviation of Joa- chimstaler, so called because first coined in the Joachims/^/, or Valley of Joachim, in Bohe- mia]. Fanne, s. f., pi. -n, fir, fir-tree; l)ine, pine-tree [syn. Fichte]. T^nnenbUhl, s. m., gen. -s, no pi., fir-tree hill, hill of pines. TdnnenbUhler, s. m., gen. -s, pi. — , iree from the " Tannonbiihl," or fir-hill, fir-hill trunk or log. Tdnnengeist, s. m., gen. -es, pi. -er, spirit of the fir-tree. T^nnenharz, s. m., gen. -es, no pi., pine-resin, nine-gum. Tiinnennacht, s. f., no pi., dark- ness or shadow of the pines. T^nnenwald, s. m., gen. -(e) 3, pi. -wilder, ])ine-foicst. T&nnenwipfel, s. ni., gen. -s, pi. , pine-top; nl., tops of the pines. Tiinnenzilpfe, ... i pi. -n, i)inc cone. Tanz, ."^ m., gen. -es, pi. TSnze, dance. T&nzboden, s. m., gen. -s, pi. -btiden, dancing-floor or hall. T&nzbodenk6nig, s. m., gen. -(e)s, pi. -e, king of the dance (see note to p. 32, 1. 2). tanzen, v. intr. w., to dance. Tanzer, s. m., gen. -s, pi. — , dancer, partner. Tjlnv'.er" 1, s. f., pi. -innen, dancer, r .'Ttner. Ti'- «kaiser, s. m., gen. -s, pi. — , e iiperor of the ilance (superior to a kiu^ of the dance ; see p. 32, 1.2, and note). Tasche, s. f., pl.-n, pocket, pouch. tat, imi)f. ind. of tun, to do ; some- times used as aux. of tense ; see tun. Tat, s. f., pi. -en, deed, act, action ; mit Rat und T., by word (lit. advice) and deed. tauschen, v. tr. and intr., to ex- change. [tSuschen = deceive.] t^usend, card, num., ])l.-e, a thou- sand (not generally used with the def. art. ; compare under hundert). Teil, s. m. and n., gen.-(e)s, pi. -e, part, share, portion (n. in the sense of "'allotted share or por- tion;" see p. 20, 1. 19); zu T. werden, to fall to the share of (dat. of jjers.) ; T. nehmen, to share in; take an interest in (gov. an with dat.) [; the dist. of gender and meaning given above is not always strictly ob- served]. teilen, v.tr.w., to divide; to share; V. refl. , to share, distribute among or between (gov. in with ace. u teilnehmen, v. intr. sep., nahm. 176 C/OSSAKY. genommen, nimm, nimmst, tu take a share in ; to take an interest in, interest one's self for or about (gov. an with dat.) ; partic. adj., -d, interested, sym- pathetic; adv., with interest, sympathetically. tefinahml6s,adj., uninterested, un- sympathetic, careless, indifferent ; adv., carelessly, etc. Teller, s. m., gen. -s, pi. — , plate, platter. teuer, adj., dear (of price and affection) ; adv., dear, dearly, at a high price ; sich hoch un J t. vermessen, to swear by all that is sacred (p. 23t ^' 4» *"" note). tha-, etc. For words beginning thus, see under ta-, etc. tief, adj., deep ; adv., deep, deeply. Tier, s. n., gen. -(e)s, pi. -e, ani- mal, beast; dim. -chen, -lein, n. Tisch, s. m., gen. -esj pi. -e, table ; dim. -lein, n. [art. of furniture. Syn. Tafel (see above)]. toben, V. intr. w., to rage, rave, be furious. Tochtei, s. f., pi. TBchter, daugh- ter. Tod, s. m., gen. -es, no pi., death ; des Todes sein, to be a dead man (lit. " belong to death ") [; for the pi. "deaths," i.e., '* cases of death," we must use the c Crete form TodesfSlle (conii)aie under Lob)]. T6desopfer. s. n., gen. -s, pi. — , victim. T6desstreich, s. m., gen. -(e'ls, pi. -e, death-blow, death-stroke. todt, see tot. toll, adj., mad, raving. tttnen, v. intr. w., to sound, re- sound. Tonne, s. f., pi. -n, [barrel, pun- cheon]; (measure,) ton. Topf, s. m., gen. -es, pi. Tflpfe, pot. Tor, s. m., gen. -en, pi. -en, fool. [Tor, n., gen. -es, pi. -e = "gate."] Tdrheit, s. f., i>l. -en, folly, fool- ishness. t6richt, adj., olish, silly; adv., foolishly. tot, adj., no i,ompar., dead, de- ceased [formerly spelt todtj. tbtbeissen, v. tr. sep.,biss, gebis- aen, to bite to death, kill with a bite. tttten, V. tr. w., ttttete, gettfiet, to kill, slay [formerly spelt tttdtenj. Tdtenglocke, s. f., pi. -n, bell for the dead or dying, death-bell, knell. tdtschlagen, v. tr. sep., schlu^, geschlagen, schlSgst, to kill with a blow, kill, slay, murder. Trab, s. m., gen.-(e)s, no pi., trot. Tracht, s. f., pi. -en, dress, cos- tume (conn, with foil.). tragen, tr., trug, getragen, trSgst, to bear; carry; endure; to wear (clothes, etc.). TrSne, s. f., v\. -n, tear. trMnken, v. \r. w., to give drink to ; to water (a horse) [caus. of trinken]. trauen, v. intr. w., to trust, confide in (Aa.{. of pers.) [; v. tr., to mar-yj. Tra::c:, s. f., no pi., mourning [; --oirow; grief, sadness]. Tx&xx&ti'or, s, m., gen. -(c)s, pi. -fiSre, crape, mourning-band. trduern, v. intr. w., to sorrow, mourn, grieve, tr&ulich, adj., familiar, intimate, cordial [= zutraulich]. Traum, s. m., gen. -(e)s, pi. TrUume, dream, ttSumen, v. intr, and refl. w., to dream (dat. of refi. pron.!. tr&urig, adj., sad, sorrowful (from Trauer). treffen, v. tr., traf, getroffen, triff, triffst, to hit, strike (a mark); to meet (a person, g;ov. ace). tr^fflich, adj., excellent, good; adv., excellently, well. treiben, v. tr., trieb, getrieben, to drive; to carry on, practise, GLOSSAA'V. U7 exercise (a i* Icssinn, trade, etc.; see also p. 59, 1. 10, and note). trennen, v. tr. w., to separate, Mvide. T:, - .0. rx ^ <«> %^ IMAGE EVALUATION TEST TARGET (MT-3) // 1.0 I.I 150 ""^ 2.5 iii 2£ 1.8 1.25 1.4 111 1.6 — — III— .4 6" ► V] <^ /] / '/ /A Photographic Sdences Corporation 23 WEST MAIN STREET WEBSTER, NY. 14580 (716) 872-4503 <> 178 GLOSSARY. w. libel, adj., compar. Ubler, superl. Ubelst, evil, bad. ubelnehmen, v. tr. sep., nahm, genommen, nimm, nimmst, to take amiss, take offence at (ace. of thing, dat. of pers.). Uber, prep., gov. dat. and ace, over, above, beyond; at, about, concerning (in the latter sense always with ace.) ; at the end of, after (of time, with ace. only), as : Uber ein Jahr, " at the end of a year; " heute Uber acht Tage, " a week from to-day ; " (of time) throughout (after its ease, as: den Tag Uber, throughout the day). [In comp. often insep.] Uberdll, adv., everywhere. Uberius, adv., exceedingly, ex- j, tremely, very. Uberdruss, s. m., gen. -es, no pi., satiety, weariness, disgust. Uberh^upt, adv., in general, gen- erally; altogether; on the whole (p. 46, 1. lo; ; at all. Uberl^ssen, v. tr. insep., -liess, -lassen, -iSssest, to leave (a thing to a pers.), give up, deliver up. [dberlassen, sep., = "to leave over."] Uberldufen, v. tr. impers. insep., -lief, -laufen, -iMuft, to over- , run; to run through, pervade; es U. ihn kalt, a cold shiver comes over him, Sch., 1. 225. ., [uberlaufen,sep.,='* run over."] Ubermut, s. m., gen. -(e)s, no pi., [insolence, arrogance;] caprice (see vSch., 1. 6, and note). ubernattirlich, adj., supernatural. Uberrdschen, v. tr. insep. w., to surprise, take by surprise. Ubertlluben, v. tr. insep. w., to deafen, drown, stifle (a sound or voice, as that of conscience). Ubertreiben, v. tr. insep. , -trieb, -trieben, to carry to excess ; to exaggerate. Uberwinden, v. tr. and intr. insep., -wand, -wunden, to conquer, overborne. Uberzdugen, v. tr. insep. w., to con' vinee ; v. refl., to be convinced. dbrig, adj., no compar., left over; remaining; die Ubrigen, the rest. Ufer, s. n., gen. -s, pi. — , shore, bank. yhr, s. f., pi. -en, [watch,] clock. Uhrmacher, s. m., gen. -s, pi. — , [watch-maker,] clock-maker. um, prep., gov. ace. only, about, round about, around (of place) ; at, about (of time, as : um zehn Uhr, "al ten o'clock"); for (of purpose); for (of value, etc.); concerning, about, in behalf of; by (before compar. degree ; p. 5, 1. 27, note). Is frequently used with the supine (or mf. with zu) to express purpose, the rest of the phrase coming between um and zu, as: er kam, um mir das Buch zu bringen, "he came in order to bring me the book;" also with the subst. Willen and a gen. (particularly of pers. prons., which then have a special form) between, as : um meinet-, ihret-, etc., willen, "for my, her, their, etc., sake;" um des Frie dens willen, "for the sake of peace;" with prons., um may also be omitted. In composition is often insep., and sometimes indicates change. dmbrechen, v. tr. sep., brach, ge- brochen, brich, brichst, to break down. Umdrehen, v. tr. and refl. sep. w., , to turn round; turn. Umfang, s. m., gen.-(e)s, no pi., extent, circumference. umg6ben, v. tr. insep., -gab, -ge- , ben, -gib, -gibst, to surround. Umgegend, s.f., no pi., surround- ing parts of the country, neigh- bourhood, suburbs, environs. limgehen, v. n. sep., gieng, ge- gangen, to go about, walk, haunt (of a ghost). [umg6hen, GLOSSARY. 179 V. tr. insep., = "to go round; circumvent ; deceive."] i^mhSngen, v. tr. sep, w.j to put on (of robes, etc., Sch,, 1. 158). umh6r, adv., round about (rings umher). umh^rfahren, v. n. sep., fuhr, ge- fahren, fShrst, to drive about, ride about, travel about. umh6rgehen, v. n. sep., gieng, gegangen, to go about, go around, umh^rlaufen, v. n. sep., lief, ge- laufen, laufst, to run about. umhdrreiten, v. n. sep., ritt, geritten, to ride about. umh^rtragen, v. tr. sep., trug, getragen, trSgst, to carry about, bear about. umh^rwandeln, v. n. sep. w., to walk about. litnkehren, v. tr. intr. and refl. , sep. w,, to turn round. Umkreis, s. m., gen. -es, pi. -e, circle, circumference, surround- ings ; neighbourliood (= Umge- gend). limreissen, v. tr. sep., riss, gerissen, to tear down, pull down, limschauen, v. intr. and refl. sep. w., to look about, glance around. i^msehen, v. intr. and refl. sej)., sah, gesehen, sieh, siehst, to look around, look about one ; look after, care for (gov. nach). umsdnst, adv., in vain, vainly; for nothing, gratis. limstUrzen, v. tr. sep. w., to knock down, overthrow. limtreiben, v. tr. sep., trieb, ge- trieben, to drive about ; to turn (money, property), turn to ac- count, increase, invest (p. 43, 1. 5, and p. 46, 1. 30). Umwaizen, v. tr. and refl. sep. w., to turn round, roll round (see Sch., 1. 92, and note). Umwenden, v. tr. and refl. sep. w. irrcg., -ete or wandte, ge — et or gewandt, to turn round. \in-, neg. ])rcf., un- [usually accent- ed, although the accent may, in most cases, vary according to the part of the word one desires to emphasize]. i^nbelohnt, partic.adj., unrewarded 'unbemerkt, partic. adj. and adv. unnoticed. i^nbequem, adj., uncomfortable inconvenient. tinbewusst, partic. adj., unwitting, unconscious ; adv., unwittingly, etc. und, coord, cop. conj., and. lindankbar, adj., ungrateful, thank less. Undtokbarkeit, s. f., no pi., un gratefulness, ingratitude. undeutlich, adj., indistinct; adv indistinctly. unerklirlich, adj., inexplicable. unerm^sslich, adj., immeasurable, immense ; adv., immensely, etc. Unerschtfpft, partic. adj., inex- haustible, unending, constant.. unerschr6cken, partic. adj., un- , terrified, undaunted. Ungeduld, s. f., no pi., impatience. ungeh6uer, adj., monstrous, enor- mous; adv., immensely, enor- , mously. Ungeheuer, s. n., gen. -s, pi. — , monster, brute. ungemefn, adj., uncommon, un- usual ; adv., uncommonly, etc. lingem, adv., unwillingly, grudg- . ingly- lingestUin, adj., violent, vehement, impetuous, boisterous ; adv., vio- , lently, etc. UnglUck, s. n., gen, -(e)s, no pi., ill-luck, misfortune, accident [; for pi. use UnglUcksfSlle ; compare under Tod, above.] unglUcklich, adj., unhappy, unfor- tunate, unlucky. tjnheimlich, adj., uncanny, un- , pleasant, weird. Unlust, s. f., no pi., ill-humour, displeasure, vexation. [= Un- mut, below.] 1 ' I r^ t8o GLOSSARY. K unm^nschlich, adj., [inhuman, cruel ; superhuman ; hence :] enormous, immense ; adv., enor- mously, etc.; u. viibl, an enor- mous Quantity (see p. 6, 1. 8 and . 27, ana notes). tinmut, s. ni., gen. -(e)s, no pi., ill-humour, displeasure [= Un- lust, above]. linmutig, adj., ill-humoured, dis- pleased, vexed ; adv., ill-humour- edly, angrily. unredlich, adj., dishonest, dishon- , ourable. ITnruhe, s. f., pi. -n, [unrest, rest- lessness ; restless thing or creat- ure ; hence :] balance (of a watch, see p. 43, 1. 11, and note). linruhig, adj., restless; adv., rest- lessly. Unsamt, adj., not gentle; rude, , rough ; adv., rougWy. Unschuld, s. f., nd pi., innocence. linschuldie, adj., innocent, guilt- less ; guileless ; adv., innocently, etc. [unser, gen. pi. first pers. pron., of us, our; hence:] unser, -e, — , poss. adj., our (decl. like ein; when used without subst., the form unsrer, e-, -es, or der, die, das unsrige or un- 8(e)re, is used). linsicher, adj., unsafe, insecure; uncanny. linsichtbar, adv., invisible; adv., invisibly. unten, aov., [down] below, down- stairs. unter, prep., gov. dat. and ace, under, beneath, below (of place) ; among, amidst (of number) ; amid, with (of manner, e. g., u. FlUchen, " with curses," p. 23, 1. 23). unterdrikcken, v. tr. insep. w., to suppress ; to oppress. linterein^nder, adv., together (u. schUtteln, to shake up together) ; confusedly. dntergehen, v. n. sep., gieng, ge- gangen, to go down, sink, sei (of the sun); to perish, unterh<en, v. tr. insep., -hielt, -halten, -haitst, -halt, to enter- tain, amuse; to support; to keep up (a fire, etc.); [tinterh. (sep.) =" hold under"]. Unterh<ung, s. f., pi. -en, enter tainment, amusement; support (no pi. in this sense). untem6hmen, v. tr. insep. , -nahm, -nommen, -nimtn, -nimmst, to undertake; partic. adj., -d, enterprising. unterrfchten, v.tr. insep. w., -ete, -et, to instruct, inform. unterscheiden, v. tr. insep., -schied, -schieden, to distin guish; v. refl., to be distin- guished; to differ. tinterst, adj., superl., lowest, bot- tom [from unter, "below"]. untersiichen, v. tr. insep. w., to , inquire into, examine, investigate. Unterwald, s. m. prop., gen. -(e)s, no pi., Lower Forest, unterw^gs, adv., on the way, on the road, by the way, unverdrdssen, partic. adj., undis- turbed (p. 65, 1. 21); unwearied, indefatigable; adv., indefatiga* bly, constantly (p. 64, 1. tinvermirkt, partic. adi one ticed, imperceptible; aa,., im- , perceptibly. Unverstand, s. m., gen. -(e)s, no pi., want of sense, stupidity. linweit, prep., not far from, near (gov. gen. oi von ; = unfem). linwillkurlich, adj., involuntary- ad v., involuntarily. V, the twenty-second letter of the alphabet, is pron. like Eng. f in all Germ, words. [In foreign words pron. as in Eng, It re- places Eng, f in many words, as, Vater, "father," veil, "full."] GLOSSARY. I8l ni., gen. -8, 1)1. Vater, Vater, s father. vaterlich, adj., fatherly, paternal. ver-, insep. prefix (opposite of) er-, signifies loss, " away from," etc. (compare Kng. "for-" in "for- get," "forgive," "forlorn". Thus geben= "give," verge- ben = " forgive " (properly "to give away, make a present of ") ; gehen = "go," vergehen = "pass away." ver^chten, v. tr. insep. w., -ete, -et, to despise. Ver&ntwortung, s. f., no pi., re- sponsibility. verb6rgen, v. tr. insep., -barg, -borgen, -birg, -birgst, to hide, conceal. [verb6ugen, v. tr. refl. insep. w., to bow ; hence :] Verb6ugung, s. f., pi. -en, bow (inclination of the head or body). verbr^nnen, v. n. insep. w. irreg., -brannte, -brannt, to be con- sumed with fire, be burnt, burn ; V. tr., to consume with fire, bmn. verbfindet, partic. adj., united, conjoined [; confederate]. verd^rben, [v. n. insep., -darb, -dorben, -dirb, -dirbst, to be spoiled or ruined, to spoil ;] v. tr. w., to spoil, ruin. Verd6rben, s. n., gen. -s, no pi. (inf. of prec), ruin, ruination, perdition. Verd6rbnis, s. f., no pi., ruin, de- cay, degeneracy; corruption. verdienen, v. tr. insep. w., to de- serve, earn. [verdriessen, v. tr. insep. w., -dross, -drossen, to vex, anger.] ver6hren, v. tr. insep. w., to es- teem, honour, venerate ; to make a present of, present (ace. of thing, dat. of person). VerfAll, s. m., gen. -(e)s, no pi., ruin, decay. verf&llen, v. n. insep., -fiel, -fal- len, -fallst, to fall into ruin, de- cay; to fall into the power of any one (dat. of pers.). verfdrtigen, v. tr. insep. w., to make, construct. verf61gen, v. tr. insep. w., to fol- low, follow up; to pursue; to persecute. [verfuhren, v. tr. insep. w., to lead astray, tempt, seduce ; hence :] Verfdbrer, s. m., gen.-s, pi. — , tempter, seducer. Vergtogenheit, s. f., no pi., past (time) [fr. vergehen, see below], [verg^ben, v. tr. insep., -gab, -geben, -gib, -gibst, to forgive (dat. of pers.); hence:] vergibens, adv., vainly, in vain, vergehen, v. n. insep., -gieag, -gangen, to pass away, pass by, pass (of time) ; to vanish ; to perish, die. verg^ssen, v. tr. insep., -gasz, -gessen, -giss, -gissest, -gisst, to forget. verglAsen, v. tr. insep. w., to turn into glass, glaze; liauefy, melt (see note to Sch., 1. 88). Vergnugen, s. n., gen. -s, no pi., pleasure, amusement [for the pi., the concrete form VergnUgua- gen is usedj. vergr^ben, v. tr. insep.,, -grub, -graben, -^rSbst, to bury. verhllten, -melt, -halten, -hlUtst, -halt, [v. tr. refl. insep., to con- duct one's self, behave;] v. im- pers., to be (of condition or situ- ation ; see p. 32, 1. 6, note). verhiindeln, y. tr. insep. w., to dis- pose of in trade, sell. verh&sst, partic. adj., hated, hate- ful, odious. verh61fen, v. intr. insep., -half, -holfen, -haf, -hilfst, to help (a pers. to get a thing; gov. zu with thing, and dat. of pers.). verhlillen, v. tr. insep. w., to veil, conceal, hide. verk&ufen, v. tr. insep. w. (-kaufst or -kSufst), to sell. fc! r 182 CrOSSAA'V. verkAitiniert,partii:. adj. .wretched, miserable, neglected. verl4ngen, v. tr. insep. w., to de- mancT, require, desire; v. intr., to desire, wish for (gov. nach). Verl^genheit, s. f.,])l.-en, embar- rassment. verleihen, v. tr. insep., -lieh, -lie- hen, to lend, give, bestow. verlieren, v. tr. insep., -lor, -loren, to lose; hence: Verliist, s. m., gen. -es, j)!. -e or -lUste, loss. vermeiden, v. tr. insep., -mied, -mieden, to avoid, evade. verm^ssen, v. tr. refl. insep., -masz, -messen, -miss, -miss- est, [to presume;] to swear, vow (see p. 2,2,, 1- 4. note). [vermogen, v. tr. insep. irreg. (conj. like mOgen), to be able ; hence:] ' Vermogen, s. n., gen. -s, no pi. (inf. of prec), [ability, capabi- lity, capacity ; hence :] property, estate. vern^hmen, v. tr. insep., -nahm, -nommen, -nimm, -nimmst, to hear, learn, perceive. verniichten, v.- tr. insep. w., -ete, -et, to annihilate, destroy utterly [froni nicht]. [Vemiinft, s. f., no pi., reason (from vernehmen) ; hence :] vemiinftig, adj., reasonable, ra- tional, intelligent. verrdten, v. tr. insep., -riet, -raten, to betray. verrefsen, v. n. insep. w., to go on a journey, set out on one's trav- els, depart. verrichten, v. tr. insep. w., -ete, -et, to perform, do, attend to. Vers, s. m., gen. -es, pi. -e, verse ; dim. -lein, n. [pron. v as/]. vers^gen, v. tr. insep. w., to refuse. versaumen, v. tr. insep. w., to neglect. verschieden, adj., different, va- rious ; several. verschlefssen, v. tr. insep,, -schliss, -schlissen, [to wear out, fray;] to sell, sell oft, dispose of. verschl^mmen, v. tr. insep. w., to waste (in guzzling or debauch- ery). verschl^udern, v. tr. insep. w., to cast away, throw away ; to waste ; partic. adj., -t, thrown away, wasted, lost. verschlingen, v. . tr. insep., -schlang, -schlungen. [to swal- low, devour;] to twist, entwine (p. 3t,I. II). verscnm4chten, v. n. insep. w., -ete, -et, to starve, languish. verschr&nken, v. tr. insep. w., to fold (the arms) ; partic. adj., -t, folded. verschreien, v. tr. insep., -schrie, -schrien, to cry down, decry, defame, discredit. verschw6ben, v. n. insep. w., to float away, vanish, disappear. verschwinden, v. n. insep., -schwand, -schwunden, to dis- appear, vanish. vers^hen, v. tr. insep., -sah, -sehen, -sieh, -siehst, to pro- vide, furnish [; to make a misr take]. vers6tzen, v. tr. insep. w., [to transfer;] to reply, rejoin. versichem, v. tr. insep. w., to assure [ace. of thing, ace. or dat. of pers. (the former only when the thing is not expressed)] ; partic. adj., -t, assuried, sure. versohnen, v. tr. insep. w., propitiate, reconcile, verspaten, v. tr. refl. insep. -ete, -et, to be late. verspielen, v. tr. insep. w. gamble away ; lose at play. verspdtten, v. tr. insep. w., -ete, -et, to mock at, jeer at, mock, deride. verspr6chen, v. tr. insep., -sprach, -sprochen, -sprich, -sprichst, to promise (dat. of pers.). to w., to r t Gf.OSSAKY. 183 inse]),, ^earoiit, ipose of. p. w., to iebauch- :p. w., to to waste ; n away, insep., [to swal- , entwine iisep. w., ^uish. ep. w., to . adj., -t, , -schrie, n, decry, ep. w., to ippear. insep., jn, to dis- sah, jt, to pro- Ike a mis-: ■ w., [to YiW. h. W., to :c. or dat. [nly when >ressed)] ; sure. ». w., to jnsep. \v., w., to [lay. -ete, It, mock, -sprach, jprichst, Verstind, s. m., gen.-(e)s, no pi,, understanding, reason, intellect (from verstehen). verst6hen, v. tr. insep., -stand (subj. -stUnde or -stSnde), -standen, to understand, com- prehend. versiichen, v. tr. insep. w., to try, attempt ; to tempt. Versiicher, s. m., gen. -s, pi. — , tempter. versdkndigen, v. tr. refl: insep. w., to commit a sin, to sin. verteidigen, v. tr. insep. w., to defend. veninglUcken, v. n. insep. w., to meet with an accident; to perish. verwtodeln, v. tr. and refl. insep. w., to change. verwefgem, v. tr. insep. w., to re- fuse, deny (dat. of pers.). [verwiindem, v. tr. refl. insep. w., to be astonished or surprised ; hence:] verwiindert, par tic. adj. and adv., astonished, surprised ; in aston- ishment or surprise. Verwunderung, s. f., no pi., as- tonishment, surprise. verzdgen, v. n. and intr. insep. w., to lose heart, be discouraged, despair (gov. an with dat.). verzeichnen, v. tr. insep. w., -ete, -et, to write or note down, reg- ister, rec6rd, mark; to make a list of, make a note of. verzeiheu, v. tr. and intr. insep., -zieh, -Ziehen, to pardon, for- give (dat. of pers.; syn. ver- geben). Verzeihung, s. f., no pi., pardon, forgiveness. verziehen, v. tr. insep., -zog, -zogen, to distort, draw down [ ; V. intr., to delay]. verzweffeln, v. n. and intr. insep. w., to despair; partic. adj., -t, desperate ; adv., desperately. Verzweifiung, s. f., no pi., despair. Vesper, s. f. for., no pi., vespers, evening (hour for evening prayer) [pron. V as in Kng., owing to its for. (Lat.) origin]. viel, -e, , or, when used without a subst., -er, -e, -es, pi. -e, adj. of cjuant., much, many; adv. (or mdecl. subst. n.) of quant., much; a large number. [Decl. in sing, and pi. when referring to number; not decl. when re- ferring to quant.] viellefcht, adv., perhaps, j^er- chance flit. " very easily "J. vielwillk^mmen, adj., highly wel- come, very welcome. vier[e], card, num., four; prd. vierte, fourth. vferfach, mult. num. adj., fourfold, quadruple; das -e, four-times the amount (p. 16, 1. 24). vfert(e)halb, fract. num. indecl., three-and-a-half (see note to p. 3, 1. 16). Vobfscum D6minus, Lat., the Lord (be) with you. (Lat. bene- diction, see Sch., 1. 182.) Vbgel, s. m., gen. -s, pi. V5gel, bird ; loser V., a loose fellow, wanton wag. [Eng. "fowl."] Volk, s. n. coll., gen. -(e)s, pi. Vaiker, nation; people, folk (no pi. in this sense) ; dim. V6lk- lein, n., folk (see p. 6, 1. 30, and note). voU, adj., full [gov. gen. and ace, and sometimes occurs, as pred., in the extended form voUer]. voU&uf, plenty, in plenty, in abun- dance. voll6ndet, partic. adj., complete, perfect. vom, conti. for von dem. von, prep., gov. dat. only ; of (after verbs; sometimes after substs., replacing the gen. of a subst. not used in that case; see also note to p. 42, 1. 2; also of ma- terial); from (place); by (with personal agent after pass, verbs, as : ich werde von meinen r 184 GLOSSARY. gieng, ge- front, pre- Eltern geliebt, " I am loved by my parents "). vor, prep., gov. dat. and ace, be- fore (of time or of preference, with dat. only; of place with dat. or ace); in front of, in presence of (place); for, on account of (cause, dat. only). vor An, adv., in front, in advance, ahead. vor&ngehen, v. n. sep. gangen, to go on in cede (dat. of pers.). vorintreten, v. n. sep., trat, ge- treten, tritt, trittst, tritt, to go in front of, precede (dat. of pers.). vorbef, adv., past (of place); past, gone (of time). vorbeigehen, v. n. sep., gieng, ge- gangen, go past, to pass by. vorbeijagen, v. n. sep. w., to rush past, rush by [ ; v. tr., to chase past]. ' vorbeirennen, v. n. sep. w. irreg., rannte, gerannt, to run past, race past. vorbeftanzen, v. n. sep. w., to dance past, pass in dancing. vorbefziehen, v. n. sep., zog, gezogen, to pass by, pass over. v6riinden, v. tr. sep., fand, ge- funden, to find at hand, nnd ready, come upon; v. refl., to find one's self, be found. v6rhalten, v. tr. sep., hielt, ge- halten, haltst, halt, to hold (a thing) before (a person), reproach (a person with a thing; ace. of thing, dat. of person) ; v. intr., to last, wear. v6rkonimen, v. n. sep. impers., kam, gekommen, no imper., kSmmst or kommst, to happen, occur; seem, appear (dat. of pers.). v6rlaufen, v. n. sep., lief, ge- laufen, iSufst, to run in front of, precede (dat. of pers.). vorn(e), -en, adv. of place, in front, at the front or head. v6rnehin, adv., t.) the front, in ihc front, in the front row (p. 30, 1.8). vdrnehm, adj., distii\guished, aris- tocratic; haughty, arrogant; adv., arrogantly, etc. v6Tnehmen, v. tr. sep., nahm, genommen, nimm, nimmst, to take before ; to take in hand ; V. refl., to determine, resolve (dat. of refl. pron.). v6rsagen, v. tr. sep. w., to repeat (a lesson, verses, etc., to a pers. ; ace, of thing, dat. of pers.). vbrschiessen, v. tr. sep., schoss, geschossen, to advance (money to a pers. ; ace. of thing, dat. of pers.), make an advance, lend. [Syn. vorstrecken, below.] v6rsehen, v. refl. sep., sah, ge- sehen, sieh, siehst, to take care, be careful or cautious [ ; to provide one's self]. v6rstellen, v. tr. sep. w., to set before ; to represent ; v. refl., to represent to one's self; to im- agine (ace. of thing, dat. of pers.). v6rstrecken, v. tr. sep. w., [to stretch forth;] to advance (mon- ey), make an advance, lend. voruber, adv., past ; over ; gone. vorttbergehen, v. n. sep., gieng, gegangen, to pass by (gov. an with dat. ) ; pass away ; im V. (subst. inf.), in passing. vorubergleiten, v. n. sep., glitt, geglitten, to glide past, pass by. v6rzeigen, v. tr. sep. w., to pro- duce, exhibit. [v6rziehen, v. tr. sep., zog, ge- zogen, to prefer; hence:] vorzuglich, adj., excellent; spe- cial, particular ; adv., excellently ; especially. W W, the twenty-third letter of the alphabet, is pron. like Eng. v, except after sch and z, when it is pron. like Eng. w. w GLOSSARY. 185 N (p. 30. hed, aris- irrogant; , nahm, nirnmst, in hand ; , resolve to repeat o a pers. ; rs.). .., schoss, iCe (money ig, dat. of nee, lend, low.] sah, ge- , to take itious [; to w., to set V. refl., to ;lf; to im- it.of pers.). 5p- w., [to ance (mon- lend. er; gone. ;p-. gieng, i>y (go^' ^^^ |ay; im V. Isep., gUtt, St, pass by. ., to pro- log, ge- ice:] llent; spe- kxcellently ; tter of the ce Eng. 7', z, when it Wachs, s. n., gen. -es, no pi., wax. wachsen, v. n., wuchs, gewach- sen, witchsest, to grow, wax, increase. wacker, adj., brave, stout, honest, excellent ; adv., stoutly, etc. wagen, v. tr. and intr. w., to ven- ture. Wagen, s. m., gen. -s, pi. , wagon, carriage ; dim. Wiigelchen, n. wttgen, V. tr., wog, gewogen, to ascertain the weight of, weigh; to consider [caus. and trans, form of wiegen, see below]. Wahl, s. f., pi. -en, choice ; elec- tion. wahr, adj., true; truthful; nicht w. ? interrog. phrase ; see note to p. 61, 1. 13. [Syn. treu, "faithful," see above.] [wXhren, v. intr. w., to last, en- dure; hence:] wihrend, prep., gov. gen. only, during, throughout [also found with dat.] ; subord. conj., while, whilst [pres. part, of prec.]. W&hrheit, s. f., pi. -en, truth. wahrscheinlich (or w4hrs.), adj., probable, likely ; adv., probably. Wald, 8. m., gen, -es, pi. WSlder, wood, forest. W&ldesstille, s. f., no pi., silence of the forest, silent forest. WAldgeist, s. ni., gen. -es, pi. -er, spirit of the woods, forest-sprite. wAldk5nig, s. m., gen.-(e)s, pi. -e, forest-king, monarch of the forest. Wdldmann, s. m., gen. -(e)s, pi. -mSnner, -leute (see under Eh- renmann, above), dweller in the forest, forester, woodman; dim. -mSnnlein, wood-mannikin. W^driese, s. m., gen. -n, pi. -n, forest-giant, wood-giant. Wdldsteig, s. m., gen. -(e)s, pi. -e, forest-path, path in the woods. walken, v. tr. w., to belabour, thrash, beat [lit. "to full (cloth)"; the Eng. " walk " is also used in the same sense]. wallen, v. n. and intr., to walk, move about. Wamms, s. n., gen. -es, pi. WSmmser, jacket; diminutive WSmmschen, n. Wand, s. f., pi. Wande, wall (of a room, partition-wall). [Syn. Mauer, see above.] wiindeln, v. n. and intr. (see under reisen), to walk, move. [Syn. wallen.] Mrdndern, v. n. and intr. (see un- der reisen), to wander, wander about; partic. adj., -d, wander- ing, roving. Wdnduhr, s. f., pi. -en, clock (to stand or hang against the wall), wall-clock, timepiece. Wange, s. f., pi. -n, cheek. [Syn. Backe.] wanken, v. n. and intr. (see under reisen), to totter, waver. warm, adj., compar. warmer, warm ; adv., warmly. WSrme, s. f., no pi., warmth. Wurmen, v. tr. w., to warm. [warnen, v. tr. w., to warn, ad- monish; hence:] W^rnung, s. f., pi. -en, warning, admonition. warten, v. intr. w., -ete, ge — et, to wait, tarry. wanim (for worum), interrog. adv., why? what for.? where- fore? was, pron. comp. rel. n. (of wer), gen. wessen, dat. wanting, ace. was, what, that which [not used when the antecedent is expressed, except when that antecedent is a n. adj. or pron., when it always replaces welches. Was is not used (either as rel. or interrog.) in dat. or ace. gov. by a prep., being replaced by wo- (before vow. wor-) before the prep., as : wofUr, for what, what for, for which ; worin, in what or which, wherein. The dat. is wanting, / t 186 aLOSSAh'V. and is replaced by wo with prep., as just said, being seldom required as indir. obj. (welcher replaces it in this case if neces- sary)]. was, pron. interrog. n. (see prcc), what? was, adv. interrog., how ? (=wie ?) [why? (^^ warum?)!. was! interj., see note top. 33, 1. 21. was, indef. num., for etwas, some- thing, anything. waschen, v. tr., wusch, gewa- schen, witschest, to wash. was fllr ein, -e, — , pi. was fUr, adj. interrog. comp., what kind or sort of [ein is omitted in sing. also before nouns of quantity, material, etc., and is not gov. by fUr, but agrees with the subst. foil.]. Wasser, s.n., gen. ■♦s, pi. (rare), water. Wdsserknig, s. m., gen. -(e)s, jil. -krUge, water-jug, pitcher. Weber, s. m., gen. -s, pi. — , weaver. W^berbaum, s. m., gen. -(e)s, pi. -bilume, weaver's beam, yarn- beam. weder, coord, disj. conj., neither (correl. noch, = "nor"). Weg, s. m., gen.-(e)s, pi. -e, way, road. weg, adv., away. wegen, prep., gov. gen., on ac- count of [often follows its case, espec. with pers. prons., which then have the term, -t, and form one word with it, as meinet- wegen, etc. ; sometimes also with dat.]. w^ggehen, v. n. sep., gieng, ge- gangen, to go away. w6gjagen, v. tr. sep. w., to chase away. w6gschenken, v. tr. sep. w., to give away (as a p. ). w6gwerfen, v. tr. sep., warf, ge- worfen, wirf, wirfst, to throw away, cast away. Weh, s. n., gen. -es, pi. -e, woe, grief, sorrow; hurt, injury; Weh! interj., alas! weh(e), adj., sore, injured, hurt; w. tun, to harm, hurt, injure. W6hmut, s. f., no pi., sadness, grief, melancholy [one of the fem. conipds. of Mut]. w^hmtltig, adj., sad, melancholy, (Iijccted; adv., sadly. Weib, s. n., gen. -(e)8, pi. -er, woman, wife (less respectful than Frau). Weibertiigend, s. f., pi. -en, wo- man's virtue, female virtue. weich, adj., soft, tender, gentle; weak. weichen, v. n., wich, gewichen, to yield, move; to leave, depart from (p. 53, 1. 3). [weigern, v. tr. and refl., to refuse.] Weihe, s. f., pi. -n, consecration. weil, subord. conj., because [while (rarely)]. Weile, s. f., pi. -n (rare), while, (space of) time ; lange W. or Langweile, tedium, ennui. Wain, s. m., gen. -es, pi. -e, wine. weinen, v. intr. w., to weep, shed tears. weise, adj., wise [from wissen, below]. weismachen, v. tr. sep. w., to im- pose on or delude a person with a thing (ace. of thing, dat. of pers.), to practise an imposition on a pers. (lit. " to make a thing known to a pers.," /. e., to make him' believe it; the prefix is conn, with weise and wissen, 1 ot with weiss, " white "). weit, adj., wide; far, distant; von Weitem, from afar off; adv., widely; far off; w. und breit, far and wide ; compar. -er, far- ther, farther on, onward; again (= wieder, Sch., 1. 104). weiterbringen, v. tr. sep. irreg., brachte, gebracht, to forward, help on. weiterg^hen, v. n. sep., gieng, r ' GLOSSARY. .87 -e, woe, injury ; !(l, hurt; njurc. sadness, 2 of the ;lanch()ly, , pi. -er, respectful .-en, wo- rt ue. ;r, gentle; jewichen, .ve, depart to refuse.] secration. because are), while, ige W. or nnui. 1. -e.wine. eep, shed (n wissen, w., to im- to go further, go on, lief, p., gieng, geganeen proceed. weherliufen, v. n. sep gelaufen, Itfufst, to run on. weUerziehen, v. n. sep., zog, gezogen, to go further, go on one's way. welcher, -e, -es, pi. -e, rel. pron., who (of pers.), which, that (of things). [Interchangeable with der as rel. pron., exc. after pers. prons. See werj welcher, -e, -es, pi. -e, interrog. pron. and adj., which (of two). welcher, -e, -es, pi. -e, or welch' (not decl.),demonstr. pron. num., what I [used with or without in- def. art. after it; in the former case not decl.]. welcher, -e, -es, pi. -e, indef. num. adj., some ; pi. several, a few. welk, adj., withered. Welle, s. f., pi. -n, wave, billow. Welt, s. f., pi. -en, world [orig. Werlt, Eng. " world "]. wenden, v. tr. and refl. w. and ir- reg., -ete or wandte, ge— et or gewandt, to turn. Vvendung, s. f., pi. -en, turn, turning. wenig (or -er, -e, -es, pl.-e), adj., little (of quantity), pi. few; adv., little, superl. -stens, at least [decl. when referring to number, not decl. when relatmg to quan- tity ; compare viel]. wenn, subord. conj., if (of condi- tion ; ob = " whether ") ; when (of time), used with pres., perf., fut., and fut. perf., also with impf. for habitual or repeated action ; als with impf. and plupf. ; wann is interrog. ; see also un- der als. wer, pron. pers. interrog., gen. wessen, dat. wetn, ace. wen, n. was, no pi., who.^ (Stands for both genders, and refers to pers. only.) wer, pron. pers. comp. rel. (he) who, (she) who, (they) who (= derjenige welcher; never has an antecedent, as it includes both rel. and antec. See was) ; wer nur, wer immer, wer auch == " whoever, whosoever." werben, v. tr. and intr., warb, ge- worben, wirb, wirbst, to sue for (anyone in marriage ; gov. um) ; levy, recruit (soldiers) ; hence : W6rb(e)offizier, s. m., gen.-(e)s, pi. -e, recruiting-officer, recruit- ing-sergeant. werden, v. n., ward or wurde (pi. warden, etc., not warden), ge- worden, werd'e, wirst, wird, to become, get, grow; aux. v. of tense (forms fut. and fut. perf., gov. inf.), shall, will ; aux. v. of voice (forms passive, gov. past part.), to be ; to turn mto (with zu), as : zu Stein w. ; v. impers., zu Teil w., to fall to the lot of (dat. of pers.) ; zu Mute w., see Mut (see also p. 49, 1. 31); v. impers. (with aus), to come of, become of (p. 25, 1. 27). [See woUen for examples of differ- ence between werden, sollen, and woUen.] werfen, v. tr., warf (subj. wtlrfe), geworfen, wirf, wirf st, to throw, cast. Werlr, s. m., gen. -(e)s, pi. -e, 'voik [the work done, rather than the labour ; syn. Arbeit = "labour"]; pi. -e, machinery (Sch.,1.93). W^rkstatt (or -stStte), s. f., pi. -stStten, work-shop, factory. W6rktag, s. m., gen. -(e)s, pi. -e, work-day, working-day, week- day. Wert, s. m., gen. -(e)s, pi. -e, worth, value. wert, adj., worth (gov. ace.) [; worthy; valuable]. Wf sen, s. n., gen. -s, pi. — , exist- ence ; being, creature ; nature [old inf. of sein]. I >■ I 188 GI.OSSAKY. against;" always wieder- Wetter, s. n., gen. -8, p!. — (rare), weather. wider, prep., gDV. ace. unly, against, in uiiposition [gegen also -^ "toward;" as orefix :=^ Kng. "with-" ill "withstand," etc., and is always inse]).]. Widerride, s. f., pi. -n, contradic- tion. wider»pr6chen, v. intr. insep., -sprach, -sprochen, to contra- dict (dat. of |)crs.). wie, interrog. adv., how ?; subord. conj. of comparison, as (compar. of c(iuality), than (compar. ot in- equality); when (of time, = als) ; as soon as* [see als]. wieder, adv., again [dist. from wider, prep., scp. in comp., exc. in h61en, " to repeat "]• wiederlcbmmen, Hr. n. sep., kam, gekommen, kfimmst or kommst, to come again, come back, return. wiederkriegen, v. tr. sep. w., to get back. w^derum, adv., again. [wiegen, v. tr. w., to rock, cradle.] wiegen, v. intr., wog, gewo{^en, wiegst, to have weight, weight (ace. of weight). [wUgen is the trans, form.] wild, adj., wild; savage. will, pres. ind. of wollen, "will." Wille(n), s. m., gen. -ns or -n (rare), .pi. — (rare), will, desire, volition; um gov. W. has gen. between jirep. and W. with pecu- liar forms or pers. pron., as: um ihretwillen, for her sake, etc.; compare wegen, and see um [the prep, may also be omitted]. willkbmmen, adj., welcome. Wind, s. m., gen. -(e,s, pi. -e, wind. winden, v. tr., wand, gewunden, to wind, twist. Windstosz, s. m., gen. -es, pi. -stSsze, puff of wind, blast. Wink, s. m., gen. -(e)s, pi. -e, e, host, pi. ■es iK'ck, nod, signal (not only with the eye, as in Kng.). winken, v. intr. w., to l)eckon. (.Sec prcc.) Winkfritz, s. j)rop. (family name). winseln, v. intr. w., to whine, whimper, moan, groan. Winter, s. m., gen. -8, pi. — , winter. Wipfel, 8. m., gen. -8, pi. — , top, tree-top. wir, pers. pron. first pi., gen. un- ser, dat. ace. un8, we. [Wirbcl, 8. m., gen. -s, pi. — , whirl, rapid rotation ; (crown of the head;) hence:] Wirbelwind, s. m., gen. -(e)8, pi. -e, whirlwind. Wirt, s. m., gen. -e8, pi. landlord. Wirtshaus, s. n., gen. -hSuser, tavern, inn. WirtshausUufen, s. n. comp., gen. -8, no pi. (inf.), tavern- going, frequenting of taverns. Wirtsstube, s. f., pi. -n, inn- parlour. wischen, v. tr. w., to wipe. wissen, v. tr. irreg., wusste, ge- wusst, imi)er. wisse, pres. ind. weiss, weisst, weiss, pi. wis- sen, etc., to know, know of, have knowledge of (of things, not of pers. See under kennen). Wittwe, s. f., pi. -n, widow. wo, adv. of place, interrog. and rel., where ; (sometimes of time) when ; [used before prep, instead of was (interrog. and rel.), and welcher (referring to inanimate obj. ; see was).] W6che, s. f., pi. -n, week. wohl, adv., well; as particle in very common use ; in questions expresses doubt, as : wird er w. kommen? ^^ do you think he will come.-"' in statements, ex- pects assent, as: er wird w. kommen, "«<> doubt he will come;" ja wohl, yes indeed: Sie haben es w. vergessen, G/.OSSAh'V. 189 r. and jjftime) instead .), and mimate tide in lestions yird er hink he its, ex- ird w. [he will iiidfcd : •essen, •• / suppose ynu have forgotten it;" perhaps (p. tj, 1. 16); fully ({). 21, I. 19, and nute). won^r, adv. interrog. and rel., whence, wherefrom (aometimes separated); see p. 7, 1. 14. wohfn, adv. interrog. and rel., whither, to what place. wohl, adj., well (of health). wohlin I interj. (of encouragement), very well ! well, then I courage ! wdhloehalten, partic. adj., well- preserved, safe and sound. w6hlbekannt, partic. adj., well- known. wdhlgestalt, partic. adj., well- shaped, shapely (contr. for wohl- restaltet). wohlhabend, partic. adj., wealthy, well-to-do. Wdhltat, s. f., pi. -en, benefit ; benefaction, charity. wdhltOnend, partic. adj., well- sounding, tuneful, musical. wohnen, v. intr. w., to dwell, live, reside (leben = " to be alive "). Wdhnort, s. m., gen. -{e)8, pi. -e, dwelling-place, nahitation. Wdhnung, s. f., pi. -en, dwelling, habitation, domicile. Wolke, s. f., pi. -n, cloud. woUen, V. intr. and tr., aux. of mood, impf. woUte (ind. and subi.), part, gewollt, pres. ind. will, willst, will, pi. woUen, etc. (subj. wolle), to be willing, will ; to be on the point of doing, etc., to be about to do, a thing. [In- dicates exertion of the will of the subject ; when Eng. " will " is mere aux. of fut. tense, it must be trans, by werden, as: ich WERDE ertrinken, und nie- mand wird mich retten == " I shall be drowned, and nobody will save me " (mere statement of future fact); but: ich will ertrinken, und niemand soi.i. mich retten = " I will be drowned, and nobody shall save me " (dt'terniinati., that , part containing the Assertion) in the Second place ; or in other words, the verb is the Second Idea (not necessarily the second word) in the Principal Sentence. {a) The normal sequence of words in the sentence is : Subject, Verb (containing the assertion). Predicate. Other words than the subject, however, frequently be- gin the sentence; {b) In Eng. the subject almost invariably precedes the Verb, and the Verb is therefore, when some other member of the sentence precedes the subject, in the M/V// place, as : To-morroiv I shall go. (r) In Germ., on the other hand, when any member of the sent, other than the subj. begins the sent, (which is more frequently the case than not), the Verb still re- tains its place as the Second Idea or Member, the subj. being in such cases thrown after the Verb, as : Morgan werde ich gehen ("To-morrow shall I go "). N.B. — This is the one fixed rule of German construe- G KA MM A TICAL A PPRNDIX. 195 ' be- tion which is departed from in very few cases, even in poetry ; all such cases, real or apparent, will be found explained or noticed in the notes. ^, , . . . Place of the Subject in Principal Sentences. § 6. The Subject (with its enlargements), when not the first member of the sent, usually follows immedi- ately after the Verb. Place of the Predicate in Principal Sentences. § 7. The Predicate may be included in the Verb, which is the case in simple tenses ( ■ Er gab zu, dass das Concert sehr schSn gewesen sei. He said that he would go out to-morro>v. Er sagte, dass er morgen ausgehen vvrerde. § 13. The Subject, in a Dependent Sentence, comes as early as possible in the sent. ; i.e., if not itself the word connecting the sent, with the sent, on which it depends, immediately after such connecting word, as : The man, who was here yesterday, came again to-day. Der Mann, welcher gestern hier v/ar, kam heute wieder. .. , . The man, whom I saw yesterday, came again to-day. Der Mann, den ich gestern sah, kam heute wieder. [Note. — In these two sentences the rel. clauses are mere enlarge- ments of the subj. (Mann) of the principal sent. ; hence the Verb kam is j^f<7«fOl