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 1 
 
 2 
 
 3 
 
 1 
 
 2 
 
 3 
 
 4 
 
 5 
 
 6 
 
1. 1 Tirol 
 
 (Of th 
 Ice ted b}' 
 loiriiiiiiiri 
 
 Diahas 
 
 llllOU,<f|l 
 
 phyritica 
 and li.'ivc 
 ti-yslHls, 
 is ilmeiiil 
 ^•I'vstsillii 
 ■I ecu in po: 
 
 Marsh 
 
 Diabas 
 are, as u 
 the most 
 of glass. 
 
 Si 
 
 Diabat 
 ■locomjH) 
 
AIM'KNDIX V. 
 
 NOTKS ON TIIK 
 
 I.IT]rOLO(;iCAL OIIAKACTKKOF SOMK OF THK ROCKS COL- 
 LI^XTKD IN TinO YUKON ])I.STRICT AND ADJACENT 
 NOHTIIKHN PORTION OF BRITISH COLUMBIA. 
 
 By Mk. F. D. Adams. M.A.Se. 
 
 (Of the rocks describe*! below, Nos. I'i, 25, 2, i, 7 and 10 were rol- 
 Iccted by Mr. R. (i. Mc-Coiiiiell. "No. C.'" hy Mr. VV. Oirilvic, mid tli. 
 loniiiiiiin^ specirtKins by Dr. <>. M. Da\vs(jn.) 
 
 >7//,//if' Hirer, No. !<!. (Near month of Cloarwatei- K'iver. Sec ]>. .').'» b. 
 
 Diaha&i' Porphyritr. — A i-ocU consisting <»l'a line-gi-aincd groiindnias.^. 
 through which crystals of phigioclasc, angito and ii'oii-oro aio p.or- 
 phyritica'.j'distriliutcd. The j)lagioclase individuals are well twinned 
 and have gorxl crystalline foi-ms. Tlu! augile occurs in eight-side<l 
 '•rystals, both prinacoids being well developed, and the iron oie, which 
 s ilmenitc, partly decomposed to loucoxenc. Tlio groundmass is crypto- 
 lystalline and mierocrystalline. A gootl deal of chlorite anil othei 
 leconiposition prod-icts occurs disseminated tlirough the rock. 
 
 Marsh Lake. No. S(j. (Noi-th end of lake, neai- outlet. Si-e p. l(!l u,) 
 
 Diabase Porphyrite. — Resembles No. Id, but the porj)hyrilic cryslai> 
 are, as u general rule, smaller. The groundmass also, although foi 
 the most part mierocrystalline, is in some places isotropic, consisting 
 of glass. 
 
 IS 
 
 cr 
 
 Sti/:i}ie Rirer, No, 25. (Telegraph Cieek. 8eo p. 57 n. i 
 
 Diabase Tuff. — A somewhat fine-gi'aincil (dastic i-ock a good deal 
 ■locoin posed, mado up of irregular-shaped grains of plagioclase. p\'i'oxent- 
 
^HWft(. 
 
 2:it; I! 
 
 V fKii\ IM^IIMI I' AM' I!I!!TI>II ( til.r\|| i \. 
 
 mill tiliiiiic i 1 1)11 p|-i>. w iili a \i>,'v lit l It- |)\ lilc ana soinc lV;ii;iiiciit> uf ;, 
 tiiic Liiaiiio<l iM>i'|i|i_viilic i<>ck. Tlir luMJuiiiN .,!' ilu' ui'iiiii- air ].la:;ii. 
 « l:i>(', vhipwiiii;' [iip|\>\ hilici ir IwinniiiL:. a \v\v iiiilwiiincii rrl-nar l; 
 ai'c ;iIm) ]H'i'M'iil, m>iiic i>r wliich m:iy In' >';i li(ula-<'. 'I'ln' |>l;iL:'iti(|; 
 !i;ii>ii| (leal ilr( (.iii|M.->i'i|. in!iii\ l;■|•ilill^ (•'Mi'>i^iiiii:- aliiKi-i ciiliii- 
 
 
 \ "I 
 
 <Ty|)lnrr\ >ta!li, 
 
 o or ini<'roi'iy>i:illihc airni »'L:;:itc i>t' calcili-. Iva'ihi] an,] 
 
 other (li(,'ipiii|ii.vil idii prnilm l>. 'I'lic |i\ rMXrhc i-> clrar iiimI cpIhi 
 I'tiii^- a> a L^i iitTal I nil' |c>^ I 
 
 Mia.Mal. aiip 
 
 of rxliln'tiuii on tl 
 
 k'coin|io-c.| ijian lln- lc|il-]i:i, 
 lio\\> I he n-^iial psroNcuc <lra\ ai^c-. wiili a lii: 
 
 li I- 
 
 11" ilii!o|iina<'oiil. w 
 
 liii-n in one ca^r rt'aclici 
 
 n ■ li i- >oiiu'! inic- iU'coni|io.,c'l to clij. uiir a fon-ii|crali|c i|iian'it\ 
 
 o|' tlii-^ niii.cral aUo oci in-rin"- -i-at 
 
 il!f!0 I iliroimli 111." V. 
 
 liitiil-- o|' t itanit irun on- aro I' '!■ i In- ino>i part ilcroinpo.-i'l loin 
 >lio\vin_i;- ilir riiai actt'ri>tic cro-v JiatclM'' I -^li iicliii'i'. Tiic tVa"iii 
 
 \> oV.^II, 
 
 rhi> (. 
 
 liliC-L;l'ailK t| 
 
 jiliyriiif I 
 
 ock al'ONc iiunl lonoi lia'.i- a tlni.'-ii-raiih 
 
 I ^iiaju'd ( 
 
 ^rollli(lnla^^. in w hidi aic imlioiMnl lall 
 
 chisr aiiil iTV-tal> ot' ai!:;'iii'. an'l aic a|ii>a: < iill\- oii 
 
 iy>tal 
 .1 
 
 ■MS['> 
 
 i'ci'> . )| a Mcci ihi iiii.>(N 
 
 'lialia><.- i»oi|)|iyi ii,.. Trax ir^iui;' tin.' M'clion arc .-c vera I han'!- o|- -ircak-, 
 i.MiK li liiur in uiain au'l .-liowinu' cataclastic ^i riu-liiri>. an^l wliirli \\o:r 
 (.'vi'ii jitly liiir- ofnio'.imi caiiM".! Ii\- rru-liini;'. 
 
 /'-'>'' A'//,,. .\''. S. (Alioiit i'i_;lil niiU- lV(iiii ln'a'l o| hike, wr-^t -lioic 
 
 ^I't' 
 
 I'. T>! I! ) 
 
 A 
 
 vi'i V tail' u'l aihi'i 
 
 \ illow iv|i.._.i (>cn ff'-k. with .--eiii-to.-t' -triii-;ii: 
 
 auij >oin(.\v|ial la!co-r .•i]i]M>araiii' 
 
 ii'ii'r I no niu'rovc()i)c n 
 
 ■II 1. 
 
 i'oit,-i-l of an ox 
 
 (■(■('I 
 
 iiiL;l\' till(••^•|•ail!l•ll ^'I'oiiii'l ii 
 
 ia--». almost oiiaii iif. ii. 
 
 It loii^ of caM'il. 
 
 \vlii«li aro a tew -ti in^s airi ir: ci^iiiar >haiici| -(•u-ici;; 
 
 ami a nunilirr of |ioi |i!iyrii ir iry>iaU of ]i\ roNfin'. I ihU'r a \i'r\ h 
 
 pourr. t lu' u'loiiiKlnias^ i.> -crn 
 
 lo I 
 
 !<• C'llllp 
 
 ar-fl\ of link. >hi( 
 
 of' a iiiicacc'oMs niinoial, prohal'ly M'licilf, wliich uvc approNiriialciv 
 jtaiaikl in po-iiion and uivc lo ihc mck an ajip> arancc ic-c ir.iiliiiL;' tl"\v 
 
 ructiirc. Willi ihi-. is a-sociatcl a -n 
 
 nalii'r (luantil \ o|' a i-o|,.i 
 
 miiicriil polaii/.iiiL'" ill 'hill iihii>Ii linl-^ ami u it h si ini'uhat uiiilii! 
 
 Ilo! \' 
 
 • •xtinction. whii- 
 
 ('^oiiii'li'> icI-iiar 
 
 hut 
 
 loc^ not ^ho\v aii\' iim's >'l 
 
 I'l !>-• .-ret ii ins a 1 1 
 
 twiiininij. 'llw iiyro.xoiio crystal- aic colniK'ss. ( 
 eiiiht-sich'ii. .-liowini;- tlio ili'Vclopnicnl ot' hoth prisiii ami pinacoiil- 
 n-illi clcrva^vs parallel to hoth jni'l eMineiion parallel to tlu' latk-i 
 it i- hiaxial, ami loiinitu-linal >«'itions >li<»\v a single set of clcavnuc- 
 •"Oinetinu's intersected \>y tranverce eia( k-. The extinetion direeiiei 
 inak-es an aii<;le witli tlii- eleava<;-e. whieli in one ease was a- hitili a> 
 • »4 . The ciystals aio ^hort and stout, and are occasi(»nally twinml 
 they i;-etierallv have i^ocxl ervstalliiie forms, hut arc sometimes hrok en 
 
 '^eiioral la 
 
 Tuft :~ 
 lioidini;- n 
 rliloriti'' II 
 i>pa(|iie hy 
 i'y thin \-( 
 iiKmaiel ie I 
 
,..] 
 
 AI'I'KNDI.N V 
 
 •>*! 
 
 57 IS 
 
 A li-w ^nuiis..!' pyiif,. mii.| a liilK- clilorlic j,iv also present in \\w r..cl<. 
 A^ woul.l l.c cxiMMle.! Irom the appcaraiicr of \hv liaii'l specimen, (lie 
 -rriiuii shows that th<' n)r|< l,;,s Uh'Ii Mihjecte.l to a i^ood (K-al of motion 
 :uu varieties oltlie lo.-k .lilleiin.i< somewhat in appearance, hein^' iiiv 
 iriilarly mi\e<l with onr another. It iv- pn.hahly .sow, A/V//,/y ,7/^vv7 
 l.i.sir i;/firn,i.< rur/: , the presence of the pyroxene <'rys(ais, retainit),<,^ as a 
 -eiieral nile, their crystalline torm, is howevei', soniewliat reniarl<ah!e. 
 
 T,i:/<./, /,//.<, X. !»;;. (\Vi„.ly .\,„i. .Ser p. 17I n. , 
 
 /•W.w^.— .Anexceclin-ly line ,i;-i-a inc. 1 rock, much crii^lied and altei cW. 
 Small ii-re-ular sh;ipe(i >e.^n n-at ions of eah'ite are M-.ittered ihroii-h 
 :lic rock, an.! here an<l iheiv little Ira.ii-ments ol pla-iocla.se cjiu ho s^en. 
 h is irnpovsihle hy means ,.f a >eetion alone to determine il> ori-inal 
 ■ li;naeler. Ketore the Mowpipe it fuses easily to ;i l,l;ie|< m.-i-icti'- 
 -I'diidc, and may pi .>\ isi,,ii:dl\- Ih" termed a fV/.-Vr. 
 
 'iiss'''ir Trail. Xo. I. ('J'oova | 
 
 liver, at tra'.l-e|(i>>ii|o-, .s,.,. |, 70 ,; - 
 
 Tiijf .'-~Au ("Neecdin^ly tine---iained, red, somewhat -chi-tose mek. 
 liMJdin-' numerous iru-ular-shaped eavilirs. iilU.,| wilii a h-hl '^\vvn 
 ' lil"iili'' mine/al, mixed with calcite. The s,.,liuii i> rendered lu.arlv 
 "paijue hy a dense impic-nal ion with ir.m oxide. Ii i^ nUo liaverM'd 
 ly thin Veins of eale,te. r.efore ihe hlowpipe th<' mek fii-es to a i>l;iek- 
 'ii;ii;"iiclic head. It is ].!..l.ahly an altei'cd tidf. 
 
 <il!AMTlc leirisS l|{o\| rilK ( 'o \ s I K'\\i;i;s, 
 
 W'riiiii/t'//. X': •_' I WranL^ell lsl;ind. See p. .") 1 n. ■ 
 
 /Ir^titr <!raii>t,\~\ la'Jicr fine ,i;-raii,ed uray -lanile. with \ ri\- 
 indistinct fuliaiiop. [l i> composed of .pi;. rtz ..1 ihoeLa-e. pla;:ioeJase. 
 '""t''*' •'!"' cj.nlote, wilh a wvy Hnall aniounl <d' ajialite ;n,d of ;ni 
 isotropic ndncral, li-hl hrown in color, with hi-h index ol' refract 
 lilt will 
 
 loiil -o.mI cry>tall'iie form, and which is prohaldv uar 
 
 lull, 
 net. 
 
 Almost e\'er\- ^rain of (juart/. exhdiil--j het 
 
 ween Cj'ovscil iiielioU, ;,i 
 
 Niie\ en extiiM'liiir , s 
 
 howin:;- ihat the ro(d< ha^ heeii suhmitled to | 
 
 i-c ai'i ^eiieralK- livsh. 
 
 i|-e- 
 
 Th 
 
 "•lire, I'.oth the orthoel;i-e and idaniix I 
 
 epidole. which is present in eonsidcahle amount, is e dorless, ^t ronejv 
 doiihly leiraeiiiij, and is almost always astsoeiated with the hioiite. 
 It occurs ill curiously eoi-rod.'d. soinewdiut elongated, |)rismalie cr\stals. 
 with jierle(d ejeavai^e parallel to the lon-'e^t axis, the plane. f the oj.tie 
 
-j;{8 I) 
 
 YIIK(»N DlSlllliT AMI DRITISII roMMHIA. 
 
 axc^ bciiii; at riirlil ani^Mos («» \\\\s cli'iivai^c Tlio inndc df <ic(iin,.|i( i 
 if llii-i cpi'lolf is vory "similar |(» that found in flu; mica dioriie iVoiii 
 ^Jfuiiy iViiiil. t»ii tlie HikUoii iJivcr, and di'sciitcd liy I>r. (icoiL'r 
 Williams i Amirican ./ourifil <>/ Sfimcf. .Iiiiu', ISSS). 
 
 Stil.ine li'iii'r. Xn. 4. (Near niuiitli nf rivir-. Si'o p. .'i I- ii. i 
 
 .1 Porphi/ritir Hiutit, Ifornhltun/c (Irtinitr. iijtjiiOiU-hin'j ii (^hhirl: Umritt' 
 •It rompi'S'tion. — A moilium-<;faiiiod sjji't'V rock, with mmu'i'ims i-niali 
 while ])()r|)hyi it ii' iiy.^tils. It is rnm|»i»s('d of <|iiarf/. |>Iai;i()cia-t', 
 ortliOflaso. Itii'tilc and honihiendf. The |>nrphyritii' crystals aic I'd 
 .■«l)ar, wliicji is almost invai'ialily pla^-iociasc. They pttsscss a /diial 
 -tiucturo. and contain numerous colorless in(dusions lieaped up lowail 
 the cciilies ot the crystals. Somcof tjiom aUo contain in( lusioii> n| 
 mii^covite, wliicli is priihal>ly a decomposition product. The (juart/ 
 i^onerally shows an uneven cxtinetion. owini;- to pressui-e. The plairin- 
 < lase propoinlerat»'> lai'i(ely ovei' tlie orthocla»»', l»nt sonic nntwinnf! 
 :frains have heen reforrod to the latter species. The biotito antl horii 
 bicndo are infcri^rown with ea(di other. Two or tlircc i>;rains >.howini: 
 :,^ranopliyr >tructurc arc also scon in this section. 
 
 Sti/iinc .Ji'fi'r. A'o. 7. (.Moraine of (!reat (Jlucier. See |». 51 ii. ) 
 
 Biotitr IJcrnlil'nd'' firanitc. — .V lathcr coar.se-<;raincd jxrcv «i;i'aiiiif. 
 Nvith very imlixtinct foliation, it is composed of (|uart/,, oi'lhocla^c, 
 plagioclasc. hiotite, hornhlentie, sphene and magnetite. The quai'fz 
 shows a somewhat uneven extinction. I'oth feldspars often show zonal 
 structure. The hornlilendc is about c(|ual to the mica in amount, anM 
 only small ipiantities of sphene and magnetite arc proent. The latt.r 
 is probably lilaniferous. 
 
 Stikinc River. No. 10. (Little Canon. See p. 51 n.) 
 
 Biotite dramti'. — A coarse-grained grey granite, poor in mica. 'I'lic 
 orthoclase. of which there is a very large amount, often shows an indis- 
 tinct /-(tiial structure. A small quantity of magnetite, or more probablv 
 ilmonite, with wiiich a little .'>pheno is associated, is also present. A 
 cr^'stal of zircon was observed in one of the mica grains. Althougli 
 <he rock has no foliation, it shows very distinct cataclastie .structure, 
 inducted by great pressure. The const itucrt minerals are seen to have 
 been much .scj^ueczcd and twisted, the lai-ger grains being often, around 
 ilieir edges, broken up into a very fine-grained mass. The mica als", 
 which is in part decomposed to chlorite, has been in many places 
 pulled apart into shreds. 
 
AI'I'KNDIX V. 
 fiRANITH' IIOCKS KItOM TilK iNTEKfiiR I{,\N(1ES. 
 
 I'.'JO It 
 
 
 I'piicr Pfllij huei\ No. 01. (N"t';ir iiioutli (.(' i-ivor. See p. l.'i'J it.) 
 
 .Uuscorlte liiotite (,'ranite.—X inodiiun ^'raiiuMl nr,.oy gninile, witli 
 I'ly iiHlisliiK'l loliiiiiKM. It is coinposcvl of 4Uiirl/, <irtli()clii.sc, inicro- 
 iliiio, plii^^ioel.'iso. iniisc(»vile, l)i()(ito ami .•|.i.|<.le. \vi)li small amounts of 
 'j:iu-uvX, spliciio, pyril,. and calcitc 'I'ho plaiciodaso i> present in 
 ivlativt'ly smalliM- amount Uiiin iti tlio gi-anitos from tlic ("oa>t Jlangos. 
 Tiio muscovile is more picniil'ul than llic luolite. Tlie epidoto occurs 
 in n.lorlcss corroded crystals, and has Ihe a|)pearanco of* an ori^'imil 
 iMhsfiluonl of tho roclv. The ,<,nirnot is reddish, and occurs in a low 
 irreiruhir-shaped isotropic <rrainH, usually much cracked. The sphene 
 "ccurs in the usual wedge-siuipod (lysfals. The calcito is seen in the 
 x'ction in a few lar^^e ^rrains. The grains of quartz and orthoclaso are 
 -omowhal cracked and hroken, but beyond tiiis, no distinct evidence of 
 |u-essuro is exhil-ited by the section. 
 
 Upper Pdlij River, No. 57. (Granite Caiion. See p. KIO h.) 
 
 liiotite (ir.inHc. — A rather coarsegrained, much decomposed, mas- 
 Mve grey granite. The feldspars are so decomj)osed that it is difficult 
 lo determine their character, bnt a considerable amount of plagioclase 
 is |)resent, and probably a still larger amount of orthocluse. The 
 I'iotite is entirely dccompoHcd to chlorite and opidoto. A few small 
 -rains of harnatite are present in the section. The quartz grains are 
 much cracked, and show very uneven extinction, owing to the pressure 
 !•> which the rock has been subjected. 
 
 Pelbi or Yukon, " No. (V (Opposite Slewai't llivcr. See p. 34 n.) 
 
 i.hiartoze Jiiotitc (jneis.^.—A rather tine-grained rcil gneiss, showing 
 very distinct foliation. If is composed of quartz, (uthoclase, plagio- 
 clase, calcitc, chlorite, ilmenile and a little pyrito. The plagioclase is 
 present in rather small amount. The chlorite is a decomposition pro- 
 duct, probably of biotile, and the calcite, of which there is a consider- 
 able quantity, is also a decomposition product. The ilmenite is partly 
 altered to Icucoxene. The cataclasic structure is distinctly seen in the 
 ■-ection. 
 
 Upper Prlly Jiiver, No. 5.'!. (Nine miles above Macmillan. See p. 129 b.) 
 
 Jiiotite (iranite. — A rather coarse-grained, roddish-groy, massive 
 rock, composed of quartz, ortiioclaso, plagioclase and chlorite, with a 
 
•J40 H 
 
 YUKON l»I81Kf(T ANI» HUlTlHll (OlJJMniA. 
 
 littlo ilinoiiilc and pyrito. Hoth feUlHpiirs arc iiiufli (k'('(.m|u)M'<l, luit,. 
 in some ])Iar«'s nearly <)|»a«|iu'. The pla^'inclaso. whirh is not so pli'ii! - 
 liil as tho orlhoc-lasf, in ^rcniM-ally liottor cryhtulli/A'd, un.l frcciuoni ly 
 occurs in crystals lu'iu'tratint; tliis mineral, ''he ihnonilc is imrilv 
 decomposed to loucoxcne, and the chlorite is evidently a d<'Composii!..ii 
 product of hiolite. 'I'he section is traversed hya little very lino .-raiM.l 
 ^rnmitie vein, >ho\vin,ij; a handed strueturc parallel to its wall>. Tli' 
 .liiarl/. has heen much eracKcd, nearly every L'rain 8ht)win^' an un<'.. :. 
 t'Xtinction. 
 
Iti- 
 liy 
 tlV 
 ion 
 
 I- 1 11