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The following diagrams illustrate the method: Les cartes ou tes pianches trop grandes pour Stre reproduites en un seul clich6 sont film^es d partir de Tangle sup6rieure gauche, de gauche d droite et de haut en bas, en prenant le nombre d'images ndcessaire. Le diagramme suivant illustre la m6thode : 1 2 3 1 2 3 4 5 6 /VW -s.- — .1 I ■ — ,- / _ ■ C' VVU .; REFORM GOVERNMENT -»-«»^'»- EIGHT YEARS' REVIEW BY THE HON. ADAM CROOKS MINISTER OF EDUCATION, f*^,. ..d»ri, IN AN ADDRESS TO THE ELECTORS OP THE SOUTH RIDING OP OXFORD. PRINTED BY HUITTEK,?i^pi|;%. 25 WELLINGTON STREET, CANADA NATIONAL LIBRARY BIBLIOTHRQUE NATIONALE .' ^... EEFORM GOVERJ(MENT TN OlSTTAEIO. EIGHT YEARS' REVIEW BY THE HOIST. ADAM CEOOKS, MINISTIi^E. OF EDUCATION, m AN ADDRESS TO THE ELECTORS OF THE SOUTH , i RIDING OF OXFORD. TORONTO : PRINTED BY HONTER, ROSE & 00., 25 WELLINGTON STREET. 1879. ^^Oo/(^:, /), I :■ ^. i \ ' "i ■ ij li ■ ^ r^ r .1 1 r " ' .' . / 1 * ' , 'K '■ I '.■■ • f ; i>'\ /(}}uyi: \'\':}rMtB "v^i^'M^ij^m-: f"; TO THE ELECTORS OF THK SOUTH RIDING OF OXFORD, You will be called upon shortly to discharge the important duty of electing a Eepresentative to the Legislative Assembly of the Province. At the Convention of Reformers, held at Mount Elgin on the 24th day of April, 1878, for the express purpose of nominating Candidates for the Dominion Parliament and the Local Assembly, it was resolved that I should be nominated as fche Candidate for the Local Legislature. All parts of the Riding were fully represented at this Convention, as will appear from the list of delegates from each municipality. At the annual meeting of the Reform Association, held at Mount Elgin, on Monday, 30th February, 1879, it was resolved " that having "heard the letter of the Hon. Adam Crooks read, this meeting approves ** of the sentiments therein expressed, and begs to thank him for his ** services as Representative of this Riding, and as Reformers take this " opportunity of expressing thoir continued confidence in the honesty, " integrity and administrative ability of the Reform Government of On- "tario led by the Hon. Oliver Mowat, of which Mr. Crooks is a ** member." There was a large number of members in attendance, and the ma- jority of those present decided that no other Convention was necessary for nominating a Candidate for the Local Legislature than the one which had nominated Col. Skinner and myself on the 24:th day of April 1878. ' In accordance therefore with the nomination made on the 24th April, 1878, and the expression of confidence by the meeting of 30th Feb- ruary, 1879, I am again before you in the responsible position of your Candidate on the present occasion. . '>? 4 • ADDRESS. 1 will take an early opportunity of placing in your hands a full re- cord of the administration of the Hon. Mr. Mowat during the last four years, and that record will, 1 am sure, fully warrant you in sustaining his administration, and renewing my services as your Kepresentative. It will also be my duty at such times as may suit your convenience, to explain personally and in public discussion all the acts of the Reform Administration, as well as such as concern myself specially as your Representative. Recognising fully the honour of serving one of the constituencies of what has been justly called the " garden county of Ontario," ■ I have the honour to be, until I have the pleasure of meeting you personally, Your obedient servant. Education Department, Toronto, April 9th, 1879. ADAM CROOKS. I ' • ' i • ■* , . I 1 I REFORM GOVERNMENT IN ONTARIO. EIGHT YEARS' REVTKW. " It was on my progress through the Province of Ontario that I first leamt "to appreciate the good qualities of the Canadian people, their loyalty to the " Queen ana Mother Country, their self-reliance, their energy, and the *' mighty industry which has enabled them to convert what a century ago " was a vast wilderness, into a glorious group of rich, prosperous and well " cultivated English counties." — [Lord Ihtfferin's reply to the Address of the Legislative Assembly of Ontario, St. Petershurgh, March 2nd, 1879.^ IN August, 1875, 1 submitted for your consideration, in a concise form, a retrospect of four years of Reform Government in tins Province, since which there has been four more years of experience. I propose, therefore, to place before } on, in similar form, a review of this whole period, and invite the attention of the electors of the South Riding of Oxford to the record thus exhibited of the labours of the Reform Gov- ernment, in wnich throughout I have been a member. Under our system of Responsible Government, the opportunity is now given to every elector in the Province to express his individual opinion at the polls as to whether the Government can be said to have deserved well of the country so as to merit a cortinuance of its confi- dence. The fairest and only proper test of this, is an examination of the policy and principles, and the legislative and administrative acts consequent thereupon, during the period in which the duties and re- sponsibilities of Government were being discharged by Reformers. In order to ensure an intelligent consideration and judgment of these matters, it is necessary to understand the functions of a Provin- cial Government under the Constitution as defined by the British North America Act of 1867, and the first inquiry here is as to the nature and extent of the jurisdiction granted to the Provinces as distinguished from that of the Dominion of Canada. This has become especially important at the present time, when the party in power at Ottawa, under the stimulus of victory gained by no legitimate expression of a political principle is affecting to make light of our Provincial system in order to consolidate their power and to govern the whole Dominion with one Parliament and Ministry. Ever since the year 1791, when tj;ie Province of Upper Canada was first created 6 REFOHM GOVERNMENT IN ONTARIO. out of portions of the former French Province of Quebec, it enjoyed a Constitiition under the Imperial Act (31 Geo. III. chap. 31), by virtue of which the Crown, with tlie advice and consent of the Lej^ishitive Council and Assembly of the Province, had full power " to make laws, for the poacc, welfare and good government of the Province," the func- tions of the Crown being exercised by a Lieutenant-Governor for the time being appointed by the Crown, and the Legishitive Assembly being composed of members chosen b> the ({ualiiied electors from the differ- ent districts or counties of the Province. Wheu the Union Act of 1840, between Upper and Lower Canada, was jiassed by the Imperial Parliament (Srd^aud 4th Vic, chap. 35), Her Majesty was empowered, by and with the advice and consent of the Legislative Council and Assembly of the united provinces, " to make laws for the peace, welfare and good government thereof ; " and rejtresentation in the Legislative Assembly of these Provinces, was, through au equal num*" ';r of representatives for each Province, elected for the counties ana ridings therein mentioned. By the British North America Act, 1867 (30 & 31 Vic, cap. 3), it is recited that the diflfercnt Provinces had expressed their desire to be federally united into one Dominion under the Crown of the United Kingdom of Great Bri- tain and Ireland, witii a constitution similar in i)riiicij)le to that of the United Kingdom ; and this involved the continuance of the like |)owers which formerly existed in the Province of Upper Canada, and in the Pro- vince of Canada under the two former Constitutional Acts, as well as such further powers as were conferred by the Imperial Act ot 18G7, "in , " order to conduce to the welfare of the Provinces, and promote the in- " terests of the British Empire," Ontario thereby assumed again its former position of a separate Province, and Executive Governments and Dominion and Provincial Legislatures were constituted with the resjiective powers and authorities conferred by that Act. The nature and extent of the executive authority of each Government would in general be co-extensive with, and incidental to, the Legislative powers conferred on the respective Legislatures, and when these powers are as- certained, those of the Executive would necessarily follow. It will be seen by reference to particular sections of the Constitutional Act, as well as from its method of arrangement and general provisions, that the ])owers and authorities vested in the Executive Governments and TiCgislatures of the Dominion, and of each Province, are alto- gether sovereign in their nature, ai.l in no sense municipal or sub- ordinate to an )ther than the paramount authority of the Imperial Parliament, but on the contrary supreme within the limits of the subjects assigned to each respectively for the government of each' Province. "JDhe two systems combined together exercise complete sovereignty in all matters in Canada. But there is a distribution of the powers attached to each and the Act determines this by defin- ing the line of separation between the two jurisdictions through an enumeration of, classes of subjects, under which the Queen, by and with the advice and consent of the Senate and House of Commons of EIGHT YEARS REVIEW, Canada, and of the Legislative Assembly of the Provinces respectively, is PHHipowered to make laws for the peace, order and j^ood government of Canada, and, in matters exclusively assigned, of each Province. The classes of subjects by the Act assigned exclusively to the Legislatures of the provinces are expressly excepted from the jurisdiction of the Do- minion ; and the power of the Provincial Legislature in regard to such matters is declared to be the " exclusive " power of making laws. Within the category of subjects exclusively provincial, is found the power of direct taxation in order to raise a revenue for provincial pur- poses, and borrowing money on the credit of the province ; of managing and selling the public lunds, timber and minerals ; of establishing, maintaining, and aanaging all public and reformatory prisons and hos- [)itals, asylums, charities and the like institutions ; of regulating the whole municipal system, the licensing of shops, saloons, taverns, auctioneers, and other licenses for the raising of a revenue for Provincial, Local or Municipal purposes ; of constructing local works and undertakings of any kind, of incorporating companies for any object in the province ; aa to the solemnization of marriage and the whole system of property and civil rights, as well as the whole responsibility of the administration i)f justice, including the Constitution, maintenance and organization of Provincial Courts, both for civil and criminal jurisdiction, as woU as procedure in civil matters ; the power of punishment by fine, penalty, or imprisonment for the enforcement of any laws of the province ; and generally all matters of a provincial nature, as well as it ' n '■■•ii i«) :T in ONTARIO. The Fstimates of Expenditure for 1873 aubmittod by me as Provincial Treasurer amounted to $2,771, 0?8, the sum on Capit;vl Account for Public Buildings and Works being $5U9,388, of which -$232,674 was a revote of the unexpended amounts for the year 1872 and for Colonization Roads 1146,300, leaving, for current expenditure about $1,900,000. My estimate of the probable revenuj for 1873, was $3,090,391, (includ- ing cash in Banks, $352,991) and the actual receipta came to $3,315,307 (including this cash^balance). , ,, , , THIRD SESSION— SECOND PARLIAMENT. (January, 1874.) This session was also fruitful in important measures of legislation ; amongst these may be mentioned the extension of the franchise to income voters, and machinery for the revision of Voters' List at a moderate expense to each nmnicipality, while the principle of vot- ing by ballot was introduced ; the system of licenses as a pre- liminary to the lawful solemnization of marriage was made clear and all legal questions, both as to past and future marriages, removed, and the Provincial fee abolished \ the wages of mechanics under the sum of twenty-five dollars were exempted from attachment by garnish- ment. The Attorney-General took a further successful step in re- moving the anomalies between matters cognizable in law and in equity, and removed the great defect which had, up to this time, existed in our judicial system, by constituting a Court of Appeal as an independent Court, composed of four judges for this pur- pose. This measure was necessary, not only in the interest of suitors engaged in litigation, but in the cause of justice itself. It is sufficient to mention that the Court of Appeal, as it had existed from 1849, was composed of the three Judges of eacii of the Courts of Queen's Bench, Common Pleas and Chancery, making nine, and occa- sionally ten, with a retired Chief J ustice. No case thus brought to appeal could obtain the benefit of a review by independent minds, which is the essence of any appellate tribunal, truly so known. The instances were numerous of the dissatisfaction arising from this circumstance, and the consequent injustice to suitors. The delays incident to such appeals were also injurious. The Court of Appeal as reconstituted has proved its eflEiciency, and given general satisfaction. These Judges in sitting for the trial of cases at the Assizes, have also removed the former defi- ciency in the numerical strength of the Bench for this purpose. The law relating to Public i nd High Schools was consolidated under the supervision of the Attorney-General, and the experiment made of intro ducing elective members into the Council of Public Instruction. The advantage of general laws for iacorporating and conferring privileges upon associations of individuals for any proper or lawful object such as for benevolent and charitable purposes, or for any trade, business, or manufacture was also provided for by the Attorney-CJeneral in- EIGHT YEARS REVIEW. 17 troducing general Acl.s for these purposes, and a ready and inexpensive mode of securing legal incorj oration for such objects was established, and a great impetus consequently given to the aevelopment and pro- ffress of the various industries of the Province. The regulations of the liquor traffic wore iinprov^d by taking from Municipal Inspect! i-s the righr of granting licenses, and placing this under the control of the Police Commissioners in Cities, and the Muni- cipal Councils in other places, and giving the Government further powers for securing compliance with the law. The number of Acts passed during the session was 103, of which 37 had reference to public objects, and 29 to railways or their incorpora tion. The Government id.^o submitted to the Legislatur;^ which ratified the following Orders in Council in farther aid of railways : 1. Canada Southern Railway, St. Clair Branch. 2. Norfolk Railway, from Brantford to Port Burwell. 3. Wellington, Grey and Bruce Railway, from Palmerston to Wing- ham. 4. Toronto, Grey and Bruce Railway, additional amount of $1,000 per mile from Orangeville to Owen Sound. 5. Midland Railway, from O.illia to Midland Bay. 6. Hamilton and North Western Railway, from Hamilton to Barrie, and from Clarki^ville to CoUingwood. 7. Vicioria Railway, from Lindsay to the Bobcaygeon Road, The estimates for the year 1874 introduced by me amounted to 12,667,495, comprising the following : (1) Current expenditure for the year, $1,791,61*3 ; (2) On capital account, $613,740 ; (3) and for other purposes, $262,242. The revotes on capital account for Public Build- ings amounted to $197,788, and the new expenditure to $124,913, and for Public Works (including drainage) the revotes were $116,525, and and new votes $56,786. My estimate of probable revenue, including cash on hand, was $2,772,805, and the actual receipts for the year, including cash on hand, were $2,691,276. FOURTH OR LAlST SESSION OF THE SECOND PARLIAMENT. ' (November, 1874.) This session commenced on the 12th November, 1874, and, although the last of an expiring Parliament, presents an equally satisfactory re- cord of its labours, ninety-four Acts having been passed, thirty being for public objects — in providing for the increase of the representation of the Province by six additional members ; in imposing additional checks against bribery and corruption at elections, and facilitating the pro- cedure in election trials ; in making titles to land more secure, and sim- plifying the proof thereof by lessening ths time required to constitute title by possession ; the ballot was also extended to municipal elections, 2 ii I' 18 UEFOllM (jIOVKKiNMKNT IN ONTAK.O. and the c>iit*iivti()n of the Mtcluujics' Litii Act Iliads more com|tlolo. The House also itilifit'd twelve Orders in Cuuiuil respecting aid to railway conipaniea, vi/. : 1. Toronto, Grey and lirnce Railway, from Toronto to Weston, and 2. Extensions of time of completion to eleven companies. Sixty-four private Acts were passed, sixteen having reference to rail- ways or their incorporation. Tie Estimates introduced by me fori 875 amounted to -1^2,187,057 and com})rised the following' : (1) current expenditure $1,807,594; (2) on capital account .$270,700 ; .S) for other purposes 5?1 10,063; the sum of $132,370 being re-votes for amounts unexpended in 1874, and $39,330 being for new expenditures. Upon this record of four Sessions, the General Election was held in January, 1875, and that recoid was accepted by a large majority of the electors as not only satisfactory but as having (lemonstrated the wisdom of Confederation under which Provincial and local ([uestions had been committed to a Provincial Legislature. The Government was also fully vindicated in its discharge of the various duties and responsibilities entrusted to it on behalf of the Province ; such as the efficient adminis- tration of justice, civil and criminal, management of finances of the Pro- vince, the construction and maintenance of public buildings and works, the promotion of agriculture, science and art, the conduct of the several public institutions, the management of the public lands and revenue, all educational matters, including Public and High Schools and the Pro- vincial University, and generally all those matters of daily concern on which the welfare of each inhabitant of the Province depends. The financial exhibit as of the 30th September, 1874, showed a considerable improvement over that in December, 1871, the close of Mr. Sandfield Macdonald's Government. The then surplus invested was $3,637,979, but chargeable with $1,500,000 the amount of the Railway Aid Fund established by him, leaving thus $2,137,979, which was liable also to meet $764,694 of the unexpended aj)propriations for that year, of which $348,991 were for public works and bnildin;js, and which were not expended till the year 1873, thus leaving the true surplus $1,373,285 (o). The statement made by me on the 19th November, 1874, established that our surplus was $5,756,352. In this was included the amount of the municipal loan fund debt*, as reduced, and the special funds with the Dominion ; but against this was the additional charge of $400,000 added by Mr. Blake to the railway fund, $250,000 of the accrued rail- way subsidy payments, and $3,115,733 amount of surplus distribution. Th 3 surplus of revenue actually received over the expenditure under the appropriations for the years 1872 and 1873, and up to the 80th of September, 1874, amounted to $1,714,894, and supplied the ne.cessaiy funds to mieet the payments, as called for, to railways and municipalities without disturbing the investments. ,|, .f :-!jii«.i > (c) See note iii Appendix. KKiHT YKARS REVIEW. 19 On the saino occasion I explained the negotiation in Kngland (►f .£313,300 sterling, which represented debentures of municipal corpora- tions given in discharge of their reduced indebtedness to the Province. My explanations were accepted as satisfactv 'v by both sides of the House, but this was subsequently made the basis (jf a newspaper attack in connection with the general elections, but it was satisfactorily disposed of no leas by your verdict in August, 1875, than by that of a jury; and on the repetition of this charge in September, IH78, and another suit having been commenced by me the gravamen of the charge was entirely with- drawn. So far as the pecuniary results were concerned, the facta con- clusively showed that the Province had realized more from these de- bentures than was possible in any other ay. The rate of interest on the debentures was 5 per cent, and the discount allowed purchasers did not make their investment exceed 6| per cent In one of the tables also submitted by me to the House it will appear that no less than 1,110 miles of additional railway had been completed since 1st July, 1867, and that of 20 railways aided through the liberal administration by the Government of the railway fund, 18 had made considerable progress, and that of 852 miles of railway aided, more than one-half had, on that date, been completed. It further appeared that while the amount of banking capital in the province in 1867 was about 113,000,000, on the 13th September, 1874, it amounted to $16,197,250; and the deposits had increased from $14,000,000 in 1867 to $20,442,570 Ib September, 1874. During this Second Parliament, which had been elected under the auspices of Mr. Sandfield Macdonald's Government, in the total House of 82 members, the Government could rely upon a majority of 18 to 20 on all party divisions. The last Session was held in November, 1874, in order to allow the elections for the next Legislative Assembly to be held in January, 1875. FIRST SESSION OF THIRD PARLIAMENT— 1875-6. The Act of 1874 increased the number of members of the Legislative Assembly to 88, and the result of the elections was t» give Mr. Mowat's Administration the support of a larger majority than in the previous Legis- lature throughout this Third Parliament. Possessing this strength, the Government was able to make further advances in the way of remedial and necessary legislation on important subjects, as well as to exhibit a still more vigorous administration. This Session began on the 25th November, 1875, it being then held in order to comply with the Constitution, which requires at least one Session of the Legislature in each year ; and at its close, on the 10th February, 1876, 114 Acts were assented to b}' the Lieutenant-Gover- nor, 36 of these being for public objects, and 78 for private, 20 thereof being in respect of Railways, or for their incorporation. The public measures were for the following objects : — Vital statistics ; amendments to the municipal elections ; amendments to the law suggested by the r/> 20 REFOIIM GOVEKNMKNT IN ONTARIO. Statute Commissioners ; the privileges of IIh' TiOf^islativ*; Assembly ; as to corrupt practices at elections and trials ; Voters' lists ; ))ayment of witnesses 'u criminal cases; Circuits for County Court Judges ; in- crease of juri -diction and amendments to tne Division Court Act ; the Piducation Department composed of a Committee of the Executive Council substituted for the Council of Public Inatruction, and a respon sible Minister for the Chief Superintendent ; security of public officers to the Crown ; the regulation and licensing of Insurance Companies do- ing business in Ontario, also a uniform policy of fire insurance ; respect- ing permanent building societies ; legal reforms and simplification of titles. Further amendments were made in the law respecting the liquor traffic, so as to secure proper restraints and diminish its injurious effects, of which the following may be noticed: (1) in constituting, as a licensing body, a board of honorary commissioners, appointed annually, in lieu of the former Police Commissioners and Municipal Councils ; (2) in limiting the number of licenses according to a fixed ratio of population ; (3) in requiring that the accommodation for all taverns, without excep- tion, should include a well appointed and sufficient eating house, with proper appliances for serving meals ; (4) security from each tavern keeper for the observance of the law ; (6) the appointment by the Lieu- tenant-Governor in Council of the Inspectors of Licenses, and for their giving security ; (6) the character and repute of all applicants both for tavern and shop licenses were to be considered in granting licenses ; (7) the number of shop licenses to be limited by by-law of the Muni- cipal Council ; (8) increasedlicensefees were imposed, two-thirds thereof being payable to the Municipality ; (9) proof of sale and other proceed- ings for conviction were facilitated ; and (10) the License Commissioners were authorized to appoint officers to enforce the Act. The Railway Aid Fund and the Railway Subsidy Fund having been exhausted by the appropriations under the several Orders in Council which had been passed and approved of during the former Parliament, an Act was passed during this Session to grant further aid out of the Consolidated Revenue Fund to the following Companies, viz. : 1. The Lake Simcoe Junction Railway, from Stouffville to Lake Simcoe. 2. The Belleville and North Hastings Railway, from the Grand Junction Railway, 22 miles northerly. 3. Cobourg, Peterborough and Marmora Railway, from Harwood to Ashburnhara. 4. Credit Valley Railway, from Brock Road to IngersoU, and from Cataract to Elora. 5. Stratford and Ijake Huron Railway, from Stratford to Listowel. Additional aid was given to the following Companies, that is to say \ EIGHT years' review. SI 1. Victoria Railway, fr n Lindsay to Kinmoiint. 2. Montreal and City oi Ottawa Junction Railway, from the City of Ottawa to the Province bounlus Distribution Fund, and the further sum of $100,000 accrued in respect of the Railway Subsidy Fund. I also showed the financial operations of the Province since 1st July, 1867. From that date to the end of 1874, the receipts were in the aggregate $19,188,642, and expenditures $14,214,157, and no less than $1,714,894 were added to the cash surplus smee the end of 1871, in the two years, 1872 and 1873, or in as large a proportion as in the preceding four years. In 1874, the amount actually paid in excess c^ receipts was $425,144, but the payments included nearly $2,000,000 for surplus distribution, and $500,000 from the Railway Fund ; but against this about $800,000 was realized from the sales of Municipal Loan Fund Debentures. My figures thus showed a total of cash Receipts over Expenditures to the end of 1873 $5,525,859 and expenditure over receipts in 1874 of 425,144 Leaving at the end of 1874 excess of receipts $5,100,715 which then stood as follows : — ■■'.-•-' ■ • • • • • ■ • • • ' • ' , 1 • J ^T 22 REFORM GOVERNMENT IN ONTARIO. 1. Invested funds in Dominion Government se- curities • S2,747,805 2. Amount on special deposit, at interest in Banks, 3lst December, 1874 1,328,348 3. Railway Fund — special payments not included under expenditures in 1872 $372,786 Do do in 1873 426,642 799,428 4. Drainage Debentures 53,949 $4,929,530 Difference $171,185 Being exact cash balance in Bank to the credit of the Province, January 1st, 1875. I also showed that of this amount of total receipts since 1st January, 1867, $19,188,642 there would be found represented in the follow- ing, viz. : — Invested and at interest in Bank $4,076,153 Public Works and Buildings 2,448,179 Drainage Debentures 108,187 Drainage Rent Charges 174,813 Railway Aid Payments... 799,428 Railway Subsidy do 52,010 Municipal Surplus Distribution do 1,361,101 the sum of. .$9,019,871 leaving $10,168,768 as the expenditure for current maintenance and other subjects during this period of seven years ; or on a yearly average, less than $1,500,000 for the expenses of Civil Government, Legislation, Administration of Justice, Civil and Criminal, Education, Agriculture and Arts, Public Institutions, Hospitals and Charities, Colonization Roads, Management of Crown Lands and Revenues. I showed that, for these purposes (or as being expenditures on current account), the sum of $1,800,000 would probably be sufficient, or $2,000,000, when the increasing wants of the community and increasing population required more. Also, that under ordinary circumstancss, the annual revenue could be safely estimated at $2,500,000. The annual revenue to the end of 1874 was as Mlows : — In 1868 :... $2,260,176 . "18 9 2,625,179 ' " 1870 2.500,695 " 1871 2,333,179 "1872 3,060,747 " 1873 2,962,315 " 1874 3,446,047 f \ EfcmT YEARS FEVIEW. 28 But, as $799,525 were proceeds of sales of Municipal Loan Fund De- bentures, the normal receipts for this year were $2,616,872. The Estimates for 1876 called for ^2,135,245, of which the amount for current expenditure was .$1,831,824 on Capital Account 235,520 and f^)r other purposes 67.901 The estimate of receipts was $2,350,000 while the amount received, inchuiitiiL; $171,184, Ijnlance in Bank, and excluding $051,686 from Municipal Loan Fund Debentures, was $2,678,993 The total amount was, in fact, $2,784,446, in which, however, was included, from Municipal Loan Fund Debts, $113,444 and $190,113 cash on hand. I further showed that if the total oxptmditure for the four years from 1867 to 1871 inclusive, were considered with reference to the expenses of Civil Government, and tliose for 1872, 3, and 4 that the annual expense of mana, - ..;ent for the last three years would sliow much less in per- centage of cost than for the first four years ; the figures for this appear at page 21 of my statement. I also showed that in the: reduction of the Municipal Loan Fund debts the Legislation of 1858 had, by its opera- tion, caused a large reduction before these debts came under the control of the Province, inasmuch as by sec. 88 of chap. 83 of the Consolidated Statutes of Canada all of these debts were reduced by such a sum as would equal five cents in the dollar on the assessed yearly value of the property of the municipality, and that such limited sum should be levied instead of the payment which the municipality would oth n-wise be bound to make. The effect was to reduce these debts to the amounts which would represent the capitalized assessment of 1858 at five per cent., and so to reduce them in the aggregate to about three millions of dollars. After crediting the indebted municipalities with certain further allow- ances in aid o"^ railways the amount actually received in cash from the proceeds of the Municipal Debentures given for the reduced debts was more than $1,500,000; iu addition to the amount allowed the munici- palities of Bi'ockville, Lanark, and Renfrew, in oettlement of the decree obtained by the Canada Central Railway Company against the Province. SECOND SESSION OF THIRD PARLIAMENT— 1877. The work of this session ended on the 2nd March, 1877, and showed that 88 Acts had been passed of which 29 were public in their nature, and 59 private, 20 being in respect of railways, and the most important of the public Acts were upon the subjects following : — Escheats and forfeitures, s.-) as to vest the estates of intestates dying without heirs or next of kin in the Crown for the public u ;e3 of the Pro- 24 BEFOKM GOVERNMENT IN ONTARIO. i vince, and the constitutionality of which Act was latelj affirmed by Mr. Vice-ChanceUor Proudfoot, in the casa of the Attorney-General against O'Reilly, notwithstanding that the Dominion Government had pre- viously laid claim to the dift'erent subjects brought within this Act ; also, giving (ffcco to the Revised Statutes and incorporating therein amendments reported ui)un by the Commissioners ; the Franchise to Farmers' Sons ; application of voters's list to municipal elections ; needed amendments in the Acts respecting the Education Deparftnent, and Public and High Schools ; a new A"t for the encouragement of Agriculture, Horticulture, Arts and Manufactures, including Mechanics' Institutes, Ontario Society of Artists, the Fruit Growers' Association, the Entomological Society, and the Dairymen's Association ; further amendments to the law respecting the liquor traffic, with schedules of forms of procedure to enable prosecutions to be successfully conducted, and the law was thereby made nearly complete. Further grants were made from the Consolidated Revenue Fund to the following companies : — 1. Victoria Railwaj', from Kin mount to Haliburton. 2. Whitby and Port Periy Railway, from Port Perry to Lindsay. 3. Prinv'e Arthur's Landing and Kaministiquia Railway, from Prince Arthur's Landing to Fort William. 4. Kingston and Pembroke Railway, from the Mississippi to the Madawaska. 5. Credit Valley Railway, from Toronto to IngersoU, from Streets- ville to Alton, and from Cataract to Elora. 6. Montreal and City of Ottawa Junction Railway, from the City of Ottawa to the Provincial boundary near the Grand Trunk Railway. And by this Act the means of securing a Colonization Railway were provided, in setting apart a portion of the unsettled lands of the Pro- vince so as by the sale thereof to form a fund to recoup the Province in respect of any moneys granted in aid of railways, and by this Act ten miles in width on each side of the proposed line of the Victoria Railway were thereby set apart for the purpose. The Legislative Assembly approved of the mode of establishing the School of Practical Science so that it might become such a school in fact, and the school has since been elected and instruction commenced in Sep- tember last. It can now give scientific and practical training in mechanics, civil and mining engineering, mineralogy and geology, assaying and metallurgy, and chemistry as applied to the arts, with every advantage to youths in the Province who desire such instruction, while the cost to the Province has been most moderate, and the annual maintenance will not exceed $fi,500, while on the original plan of Mr. Sandfield Mac- donald for the like advantages the annual expenditure would have been not less than $25,000. The report of the Commissioner of Agriculture on the International Exhibition ut Philadelphia, in 1876, and the Special Report of the Edu- EIGHT YEARS REVIEW. 26 cation Exhibit liiereat, were amongst the important documents submitted during this session, from these it will be seen that the most gratifying success attended the efforts of Ontario at that exhibition. My last finan- cial statement was made on the 10th of January, 1877, having filled the position of Treasurer as well as Minister of Education, from February, 1876. The financial operations of 1876, as compared with my former statement to the 30th September, 1875, showed an excess of astsets over liabilities nearly as large as on the 30th September, 1875, for on the 30th December, 187G, the Province possessed a surplus of $4,873,203. The gross amount of assets on the Hist December, 1876, amounted to $6,858,811 the liabilities on the 30th September, 1875, were 2,<94,301 and on the 31st December, 1876 1,985,608 thus showing that the liabilities were reduced by about $700,000 not- withstanding an addition of $481,000 to railway grants by the Act of 1875-6. So that although the assets had been reduced by $900,000 the position had been improved by nearly $300,000. On the 31st December, 1876, the amounts still payable were (1) Railway Aid F nd ... $498,762 (2) Railway Subsidy Fund 198,356 (3) Surplus Distribution 443,682 Total $1,140,800 The actual receipts in 1876 were $2,579,980 being in excess of my estimate of 2,350,000 Excess $229,980 and estimated expenditure $2,360,317 while the actual expenditure was 2,237,145 Difference $123,172 Or showing a better result of the operations of 1876 than my estimate of $353,152 Amongst items of actual receipts which were larger than the estimate, Crown Lands and Woods and Forests were in excess The estimate for the services of 1877 asked for was ... being for current account $1,983,752 on capital account 432,927 and for other purposes 123,543 58,000 2,540,223 The increase asked for public buildings in 1877 over 1»76 was caused by the necessity of immediately increasing asylum accommodation, and my estimate of revenue was taken as a minimum at $2,370,000. The 26 IlKFOllM GOVEIINMENT 115 ONTARIO. I' actual revenue, however, for the year 1877 was $2,504,133, not includ- ing advance on Dominion stock amounting to $725,133. The expendi- tures under the appi-oi)riations for the year amounted to .$2,363,806. This year again showitig an excess of revenue over the estimate, and less expi'uditure than the iippropriations. With reference to the Railway policy, T showed that, while the Statute authorised a maximum of $4,000 per mile, none of the Orders introduced by Mr. Blake exceeded $3,000, and that the principle upon which the Railway Aid Fund and the Riilway Subsidy Fund had been dealt with, was to aid such railways when it was evidenced by the large amount raised by the Municipalities interested that they were not only required, but could be sucoossfully comph^ted with the addition of the proposed grunt from these funds. Tiic original creation of the fund for $1,500,000 ])y Mr. Sandfield Maclonald, to be dealt with by Orders in Council, excluded any consiileration of a defined system of railways which sliould ah)ne be entitleil to Provincial aid. Of the 22 railway companies aided up to end of 187G, eleven had completed the total mileage and received their grants, four had completed portions, and had recciived grants for such portions, six were in course of construc- tion, and only one, the Prince Edward Railway Company, had not then made a commencement, but it has since been placed under contract. Of these 22 railways, ten were comprisi^d in the Oi'ders in Council brought down by Mr. Blake in the Session of 1872, and seven of these have fully completed their works aiul received the Provincial grants. Upon an amount of payments, e(]ual to about ^2,280,000 from the Pro- vince, it has been computed that ten times that amount has been ex- pended upon the construction of Railways so aided, during the period from the first of January, 1872, to the 1st of January. 1879. THIRD SESSION, THIRD PARLIAMENT— 1878. This Session began on the 9th January, and at its close on the 7th March, 75 Acts were assented to by the Lieutenant-Governor, 25 of which were for public objects and 50 for private ; 4 being in respect of Railways. The more important public measures to be noticed are the following : to establish regulations for the public service of Ontario ; for more clearly defining the rights and powers of Justices of the Peace ; for th(^ winding up of Joint Stock Companies ; for confirming the Re- vised Statutes of Ontario as finally completed ; to establish a fund of $200,000 in aid of Tile Diainage opemtions ; to make the Mechanics' lien law more effectual, and to provide for the finality of the Voters' List. Aid was also given out of the Consolidated Revenue Fund to the following Companies, namely : 1. Hamilton and North- Western Railway from Jarvis to Dover. % Port Stanley, Strathroy and Port Franks Railway, from Strathroy : for a distance of 10 miles. ' 3. North Simeoe Railway, from Penetangui-^hene to the Northern Railwav. EIGHT YEARS REVIEW. 27 The Estimates for 1878 brought down by the HoiiourabU^ Mr. Wood (who became Provincial Treasurer after the close of the Session of 1877), asked for $2,542,353 for the service of 1878, being for current expen- diture $2,052, G53 ; on capital account $418,98(5, and for other purposes $70,713. His estimate of revenue was $2,451,069. His statement showed that the receipts for the year 1877 had been $2,452,077, and that the amount expended under the appropriations for that year was $83,762 less, and that there was a surplus of assets over liabilities as of the 1st January, 1878, of $4,752,798. This surplus was the result after providing for all the then liabilities of the Province. KailwayAid Fund $400,102 Railway Subsidy Fund 147,319 Railway Grants by Statute 393,308 Surplus Distiilnition, balance unpaid 202,234 Quebec's share of Common School Fund 270,052 Purchase of Rockvvood, Asylum 96,500 Total liabilities $1,509,570 My statement showed the surplus on the 1st January, 1877, to be $4,873,203, but there was a reduction during 1877 in the liabilities from $1,985,608 to $1,509,570, amount i)ayable to Quebec having also been ascertained at a less sum than a2»)>eared in my statement. FOURTH SESSION, THIRD PARLlAMENT-1879. Although this was the last Session of an expiring Parliament, it pre- sented for the consideration of the Legislature a hrger amount of busi- ness than during the previous Session, more than 148 Bills having been introduced, of which 94 became law, 39 being for public objects. The most importan t of the Public General Acts were the following : — To confirm the determination of the Northerly and Westei-ly boundaries of Ontario by the Arbitrators, and also to provide for the administra- tion of Justice therein ; in providing for the duration of the Legislative Assembly and matters connected with Voters' List and elections ; for protecting candidates when lawful and reasonable expenses are incurred on their behalf without any corrupt intent ; by adding $50,000 further to the Drainage Debenture Fund, and to extend the Tile Drainage Act to stone or timber drains ; to materially improve the system of select- ing jurors as well as to accomplish a great saving in expense ; to regu- late proceedings under power of sales in mortgages, and to preserve the right of dower to wives, notwithstanding any bar of the same, in any mortgage ; to facilitate Companies in supplying gas, heat, or steam ; for the inspection of Insurance Companies, but at the expense of such Companies. Further amendments were also made respecting Public, Separate, and High Schools. After only nine months' experience of our educational system I had been obliged to submit certain amend- ments in the Session of 1877 to remove many admitted difficulties, to 28 REFORM GOVERNMENT IN ONTARIO. provide a satisfactory system tor securing efficient teachers, and to meet other pressinj^ wants; and when in the interval other defects were ascertained and the needed remedies could no longer be postponed, these also liad to be dealt with. The mode of holding Public School elections in the cities, towns and villages (other than Toronto), had become a frequent source of liti<.!;ation, and so in Separate Schools. The power of School Boards to demand money on capital account from the ratepayers through the Municipal Councils had been in many in- stances exercised without due consiileration of the circumstances or re- sources of the ratepayers, and required some check so as to afford an opportunity for the position and wishes of the ratepayers being under- stood before bur28, or, instend of there being a deficit in the Provincial finances in any year since 1871, the cash rec» ipts have exceeded the expenditures under the annual ajjpropriations by no less an amimnt than $4,301,422. When, however, the payments for special objects, such as railways and surplus distribution, have also been met out of the revenues f(»r those years, and from the Municipal Loan Fund receipts, the cash sur- plus was necessarily reduced ; but with the large amount of assets still on hand as of the 1st of January, 1879, according to the Treasurer's statement, and including the i>um of $2,197,010 invested in Dominion 6 per cent, stock, and 5 per cent, debentures, and convertible into cash at any moment, where can any deficit be found 1 So far as any increases in the appropriations are concerned they have been shown to be clearly justifiable. The increase under Civil Govern- ment arises chiefly from an increase in the salaries of officials made in 1873 (all such having been appointed by the former Government), and from some additional clerks r* quired since. Tiiis increase in salaries was approved of by Mr. M. C. Cameron and Mr. Stephen Richards, leaders of the Opposition, and the increase was necessary in the public interest. The public business has increased as will be apparent from the increased activity of this Government as compared with the former, and from the additional number of subjects under their charge. The causes of such increases were placed in full detail before the Legislature at its last ses- sion by the Provincial Treasurer, and the Oj»position were neither able to successfully object to this nor to gainsay his statement which showed the surplus of assets a* $4,430,993. A charge was specially made of an increase in Education of $200,000 in the expenditure of 1877 as compared with 1871. This was fully explained and justified by me, and its nature may be concisely stated here. The actual increase in 1877 after deducting increase of revenue was $176,344, comprising the following increases : — 1. Grant to Public and Separate Schools ... $66,059 2. Grant to Poor Schools 6,010 3. Grant to High Schools 5,713 4. Depository Stock 14,806 5. County Inspection 16,376 6. Superannuated teachers 20,247 7. County Model School, and travelling and other expenses of Normal School students 6,559 32 llEFOUM OOVKRNMKNT IN ONTAIUO. 8. High School Inspection 6,332 9. D ipartmorital Kxamiintions 5,977 10. Normal School, Toronto 5,027 11. do Ottawa (new) 14,082 12. Depository management 3,033 13. Education Department 5,500 14. Confidential printing. 1,110 1176,831 Thus showing that these increases went directly to the .schools them- selves, or to the m inicipality for school purposes, except in the increa.sed expense of management amounting to $8,533 in all, and being for the Education Department and Depository, while the volume of business had increased in a way to justify this. Full i)articulars will be found in the printed copy of my speech on that occasion which has now become a record of the Education Department. While the journals of the Assembly during these several Sessions present a record which conclusively establishes a claim on the inhabit- ants of this Province of every class, creed and condition irrespective of all political distinctions, upon which a Reform Government can confi- dently rely of having properly and fully discharged all the duties and responsibilities entrusted to them as a Provincial Government under our Constitution, they show an insignificant record of any efforts made by the Opposition which can be said to have been in the Provincial inter- ests. In the important measures of legislation involving so large a number of Public General Acts it cannot be said that the Opposition were at any time successful in any material amendments to such mea- sures, and the extent of the labours of the Opposition in introducing any remedial legislation will be known when the number of Acts intro- duced during these eight sessions would not exceed one per session. The Opposition for the first time and in this last session endeavoured to establish a reputation as economists against the Government, but the public is too familiar with the circumstances attending each particular vote in the direction of reduction (d) to believe that such efforts are either sincere or in the public interest ; and in the matter of the increase in the Ministers' salaries and the members' indemnity it has been proved that this was the result of the declared approval of the leaders of the Opposition, and of almost every member thereof, and also that ray motion in the session of 1876, when the House was in Committee to reduce the indemnity to $600 was lost, mainly owing to th« large num- ber of the Opposition who voted against it. So far as their present claims as economists are concerned the same record of the journals can best testify as to this. Their late attempt in he last Session would have accomplished so insignificant a result, having regard to the numerous opportunities which the annual discussions on (d) See note in Appendix. EIOHT years' REVFEW. 88 the Kstimalfis of each of tluim* oiglit Seft.nonH alfonicc], that th»'y arecon- flpicnoiisly nhown to he i^iioratit of the true principles of puhlic economy hy which th«^ atlministratioii of the people's affairs shoiiM ho ref^iilat«!(l ; and in a word tln^ whole condncL and course of the Opposition throu<:;h- out these eight Sessions have estahlisiied moi-e widely the separation hetween Conservative and Reform principhis. TIki only aim of the former is to ohtain control of the reins of governnu^nt, and to accom- plish this by entra]»pin,i; the electors with some plausible expedient, and at the pHisent time by their unserupulous outbid for place; while Reform- ers rely upon showing that they have been true to their principles of promoting good government ami thus securing the wellbeing of all. They know that this nec(^ssarily rtMpiires such progressive changes in government as from time to time may be developed; and it must be always true of Reformers in the veiy nature of things that they cannot cease going on with such further specific reforms as are hopeful of further public good. I will now end this eight years' review as I began it, with Lord Dutferin's eloquent description of our Province and its people, as was fitting in a rej)ly to the address of your representatives ; nrkl th. good qualities which he ascribes to us of loyalty to th(! Crown, self-reliance, energy and great industry, and which has enabled us to convert a wil- derness in less than a century into groups of rich and well cultivated counties, are mainly attributal)h! to the people of this Province having, during the whole of that period, l)een imbued with the strongest feelings for constitutional liberty ; and it has only been through constant strug- gles during the greater part of that ])eriod that, on the 1st July, 1867, local self-government, in which genuine liberty can only be found, was secured to us ; and if there is one county more than another of that glorious group described by Lord Dufferin, I mn,y be excused if I point to the County of Oxford and to the characteristics of its electors, as an illustration. I am further convinced that in the future, as well as always from the time it had its first representative in the Assembly of Upper Canada, it will continue to send r(^>r('sentatives who will preserve this invaluable possession of Provincial autonomy. ADAM CROOKS. Toronto, May 7th, 1879. 3 APPENDIX NoTK " A." — ShowiiKj ro.presentatloii of Ontario at Ottawa, in thr in'fxfint GabitMt (1879), and/onnur ('ahinnt (1877), in the foUoujiny oj/i.cfH : Office. 1879. ConHtitiiency. 1877. Conatittiency. Premier Nil Nil Nil Nil Nil Ijanibton Minintpr of Finance Jjcnnox. Ministerof Public Woi •ks Ijambt ''1. MiniHter of .Tustiee . . iSonth bruce. Minister of Interior . . Bothwell. The other offices being of less importance as to Ontario interests. In these Ontario is represented by the Members from Renfrew and North Hastings, and by -wo Senators. Note " B." — A Comparative Statement of Salaries and Contingencies in tJie Departments of Civil Government for tfie year 1879. 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 Department at Ottawa. ! Govemor-Generars Office . . . . Privy Council Justice Secretary of State and Regis- trar Auditor General Inland Revenue Finance Treasury Poard Agriculture and Immigration Public Works Salaries of six Ministers at $7,000 each Contingencies for whole ser- vice under Civil Govern- ment, being estimated en bloc la* 10,800 15,730 ) 12,800 [ 32,550 20,050^ 28,105 I 49,930 2,650 31,150 53,830 42,000 Coi responding Office in Ontario. 299,595 $149,750 Lieutenant-Governor Executive Council and At- torney-General Provincial Secretary, Refjis- trar and Registrar-Gene- ral, License and Adminis- tration of Justice accounts Treasury Department, Ag- riculture, Immigration and Public Institutions "to CO o fl o , Ag-) jnand > Public Works Salaries of 5 Ministers, 1 at $5,000, and 4 at $4,000.... Contingencies, including sta- tionery, printing, postage, &c., for all Departments under head of Civil Go- vernment 2,400 13,380 22,000 22,850 17,672 21,000 100,202 $10,425 36 APPENDIX. Note " Q:'~Statement of Surplus of Cask Receipts, and aA*. of Assets over Liabilities for the folhwiiKj yeai ITS . ExcesH of Revenue over Exi)«idituie ^^^^' iukIlt ApiJi-opriatioiis. J867 $ 126,229 1868 1,007,819 1869 1,180,570 1870 920,0:?2 1871 510,312 1872 1,212,791 1873 502,103 15,525,856 There was paid out of this in 1872 on account of Rail- way Aid Fund and in 1873 ''..!".'*.!!"'.!.'"'.'." for Drainage Debentures CashinBank 1372,786 420,042 63,949 277,948 $1,131,325 The balance invested being equal to. $4 394 534 and the investments being in Dominion 6 per cent, bonds and stock, and 5 per cent. Debentures equal $2 747 805 The balance of 1,646,729 being on special deposit with interest at 5 per cent, in 10 banks Such was the actual position of the .cash surplus possessed by the Pro- vince on the first day of January, 1874, when this Government be<^an to distribute more than three millions of dollars to the municipalities in connection with the settlement of the Municipal Loan Fund indebted- ness. It became necessary, therefore, for the Treasurer from this time in order that the true financial position of the Province should be ascer- tained to take into account all the liabilities as well as the assets of the Province, and so to present a correct statement. The first statement of this kind was ma(!e by me on ' \ the 30th of September, 1874, showing a sur- ^ P^^^^f- - $5,T56,.352 Second " 1875 5,0<)6,376 Third, 31st December, 1876 4 873 203 Fourth by Treasurer Wood, 1877 4^52798 " ..-.;. ^ 1878 ,..;■ 4;i30;993 Fifth (( APPENDIX. „y pu2>0Hui. by the Opposition in these eight sessions. I. — '"Salaries : — 1. Session of 1871-2. 1. Salary of Speaker, .... st^f^n r • ^ ' ^^00, division, 18 to 51 2. Session of 1873. 1. Clerk of Executive Council.. 1800 . ,, ,^ ,, '- S-- ''' ;; 10 to 47 4. Inspector of Asylums eT ■■< ?? ^"^ *^ ^- Ibid. ■■ pft., , 21 to 44 6. Clerk to Inspector .... Tonn » oJ ^° ^^ 7. Secretary of Immigration (al- ^^ ^"^ ^^ together) ... ^ , ^^^ 3. Secretary of PubYic Works".: 300 " f, l' !J 9. Inspector of Division Courts ^^ ^^'^ *^ (altogether) j^q^ . 10 Htr^i^'ifTPr'' •• 900 I " 19 to 36 i". High School Inspector /to ) 3 p,v fP''''^''^^^^'^^"«P«^tors only) 2000 i " jg to 41 ^. *irst session of 1874. -' Nb reduction in salaries proposed. *• becond session of 1874. :^o reduction in salaries proposed 5. Session of 1875-6. P^"P"sea. No reduction in salaries proposed ' ' D Session of 1877. 1. Inspector of Division Courts 1 (altogether). .. "' 1400 ^. . . travelling expenses".::; gg. M^^^^^^n 34 to 45 7. Session of 1878. • •• oou; 1. Inspector of Division Courts salary and travellin<' ex- . • . ' Penses ° .o^,^ ^^ 2. Scjiool of Agriculture. IW ^^ ^« ^1 8. Session of 1879.^^^ ^^^ " 30 to 46 1. Lieutenant-Governor's Secre- " ' ' 1 tary ; 2. Atty'.-General's Salary |500 "-a ' ' ' 33 to 51 , ^ Deputy $500; 10 percent.'/ ott oj all salaries over $800, [ " 31 to 47 equalto$220 ) "••!•'* '^-i- 38 APPENDIX. 3. Treasurer's salary, $500, 10 pei'ccMt. oft", of all salaries over $800, equal to $G50 division, 30 to 47. 4. Provincial Secretary's salary, $500, 10 per cent, off, of all salaries over $800, equal $870, 5. Commissioner of Public Works' salary, $500, 10 per cent, oft, of all salaries over $800, equal $902. G. Inspector of Asylums, $500. 7. Commissioner of Crown Lands' salary, $500; Assistant Com- missioner, $300, 10 per cent, off, of all salaries over $800, equal $3,128. 8. Inspector of Division Courts, salary and expenses, $1,800. The above were lost on divisions, showing from 31 to 33, as against 45, 46 and 47. 0. Motion of Mr. Clarke, seconded by Mr. MacMalion, to reduce the salary of the Inspector of Registry Offices by $500, was carried on a division of 43 to 35. 10. Speaker's salary, amount proposed by Provincial Treasurer, $250, division 35 to 49, but carried at $1,250, by the una- nimous vote of 83. 1 1. Court of Chancery, 10 per cent, off, of all salaries over $800, equal $1,540. 12. Court of Queen's Bench, 10 per cent, off, of all salaries over $800, equal $690 ; also, lerk in Process' Office, $700. 13. Court of Common Pleas, 10 per cent, off, of all salaries over $800, equal $490. 14. Criminal Justice, detectives' salary, $1,500, division 32 to 48. 15. Police Magistrate at Clifton, $1, 000,' *' do. 16. Stipendiary Magistrate, Parry Sound, $400, '' 30 to 45 17. Inspector of High Schools, 1 equal $2,000, " 26 to 38 18. Depository (Education Department), 10 per cent, off, of all salaries over $800, equal $240, division, 24 to 41. 19. Minister of Education, salary, $500 ; Deputy Minister, $500, 10 per cent, off, of all salaries over $800, equal $620, division, 26 to 41. 20. Asylum London. Third physician's salary, $600, division, 26 to 39. 21. Central Prison, Warden, salary $400, division, 26 to 38. 22. School of Agriculture, President's salary, $400 ; Professor of Agriculture, $400 ; proposed item for an Assistant Master, $500, division, 26 to 41. Total proposed reduction in 1879, by specific sums $16,050 « " " " 10 per cent 9,350 Total proposed reduction in 1879 $25,400 APPENDIX. 89 II. Contingencies : 1. Session of 1871-2. Nil. 2. Session of 1873. Nil. 3. 1st Session of 1874. Nil. 4. 2n(l Session of 1874. 1. Crown Land Department, no reduction, hut regret that the expenditure had exceeded the appropriation. Motion in amendment that it was justifiable. Carried, 35 to 8. 5. Session of 1875-6. Nil. 6. Session of 1877. Nil. 7. Session of 1878. Nil. 8. Session of 1879. 1. Lieutenant-Governor's Otfice, $450. (Division 33 to 51.) Total proposed reduction in the Eight Sessions, in Contingencies, i$450. Comparative Statement of Expenditure foi' Civil Government, from 1873 to 1879. 11 t 1873. 1874. 1875. 1876. 1877. 1878. 1879. 156,640 156,6.57 1.52,450 156,565 159,99() 158,721 155,847 EHtimated. It will be seen from the foregoing that when the salaries and con- tingencies were increased in 1873, there were no objections urged by the Opposition, and that there has been no substantial increase in those since, notwithstanding the increase in Minister's salaries; also, when the wholesale reductions were proposed as to salaries, in 1879, there was only one motion for reduction in the amount of Contingencie.s, viz., in the Lieutenant-Governor's office, also that the reduction by the Govern- ment in the indemnity from .|800 to $600 was acquiesced in by the whole House. ADAM CROOKS. May 7, 1879.