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if 
 
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 ^^ /fa^ 
 
 
 EIGHTH LECTURE, 
 PKOTESTART AHIAWCE, 
 
 
 •«- BlIOKEY, ESQ. 
 
 PRICE rOW-PENCE. •■'••- 
 
 
 U 
 
 ^J 
 
li 
 
 1 
 
jniOTEfiTANT_A1,I-IAN0K LKCTURES. 
 
 THE SPIRIT OF POPERY, 
 
 AMD 
 
 THE DUTY OF PEOTESTANTS 
 
 IN REfiARO TO PUBLIO EDUCATION. " 
 
 EieHTH LECTURE, 
 
 DELIVERED BEFORE THE TROTESTANT ALLIANCE, 
 
 OF WOVA SCOTIA. 
 
 kX TKUPEBANCB HALL. HALIFAX. ON FllIDAY EVENIKO 
 APRIL 8111, ma. VE«i«o. 
 
 »"y li««>V.'XTl**l-W' 
 
 HALIFAX, N. S: 
 
 PWNTBb AT THE WBSLBYAy CONFEftENCE STEAM PHE88. 
 
 18 5 
 

THE SPIRIT OF POPERY. 
 
 1»V M. II. RICIIEV, JCSQ. 
 
 Before I enter upon the topic of this evening's adaress, 
 pennit me, Mr. President, to indulge in the utterance of a 
 R^ntiment suggested by the character of this assemblage. 
 There are here hundreds of Nova Scotia's best and bravest 
 sons ; whose souls, eunobled by the principles of a Protestant 
 education, have prompted the formation of this Alliance to 
 resist the wicked aggressions of the Church of Rome; who 
 have constituted themselves, if I may so speak, a breastwork 
 again.st that swelling tide of Popery which no unfounded 
 apprehension, no exaggerated fancy, has led them to foresee 
 must, if unchecked, submerge the liberties which are our 
 hope and our inheritance. All honor to these! But to 
 another, and the foirer, portion of this audience I would 
 especially pay this evening the homage of my admiration. 
 How heartily have they espoused the Protestant cause! 
 
 Suffer me, ladies, to rejoice that you have como to cheer 
 by the smile of your approbation the advanced hosts of your 
 country's defenders. Moved by the spirit which inspired the 
 virtuous and brave Elizabeth, when from the throne of 
 England she surveyed the agonizing straggle of her subjects 
 with that spiritual despotism which through ages of dreary 
 darkness had repressed their eneriries and enslaved their 
 souls; the spirit which upheld her when, defying 'je Pojie, 
 
the princes of the earth, ami the powers of dnrknosa, sh(< 
 rose ill majesty to re)K!l an invi.sion intended to annihilate the 
 glory of England, and hnry in blood our holy religion, — an<l 
 trusting in tlio God of the Reformation intrepidly exctlaimed : 
 *• I know that I have but the weak and feeble ann of a 
 woman, but I have the heart of a King, and of a King of 
 England too ;" — animated, I say, by the same spirit that pre- 
 sided, in the morning of the Keformation, over the destinies 
 of England, in the person of Elizabeth, you are here to 
 attest your faith in the prin,ciples which guided her, your 
 allegiance to tlmt throne from which Victoria, lit successor 
 of the " Good (jueen Bess," now sways her sceptre over aiv 
 empire which has steadily expanded in proportions, and 
 advanced in prosperity, as the nurture of Protestantism con- 
 stituted the purpose of its kings. I rejoice in your firm 
 attachment to the Protestant faith, because llome is ever 
 insidiously seeking to win to her side the influence of woman. 
 Themistocles, I think it was, who said of his infant child that 
 he governed Greece ; because, he explained, "Athens gives 
 law to Greece, I command the Athenians, whilst I am ruled 
 by my wife, and the boy controls his mother." The Jesuits, 
 into whose hands the interests of the lloman Church appear 
 at present to be entirely surrendered, are constantly alert 
 to gain in the family the position of Themistocles' child ; 
 and while they seem to occupy it with the harmlcssness of 
 doves, they exert their peerless supremacy over the mind of 
 woman with the subtlety, and not without* the poison, of 
 the serpent. The exigencies of the hour preclude my enter- 
 ing now upon a delineation of the principles and practices of 
 the Jesuits in this sphere of education. They merit a 
 thorough exposure. I trust there is no one here destined ta 
 fall a prey to Jesuitical intrigue through her preference for 
 conventual instruction. But it is a time of danger to the 
 young. Let them be trained to emulate the Ladies of tUo 
 
nos8, slio 
 hilute tho 
 on, — and 
 sduimeil *. 
 anil uf a 
 
 King of 
 
 t tlmt pro- 
 
 I doKtiiiic» 
 
 lioro to 
 
 hor, your 
 
 Buccessor 
 re over an 
 ions, and 
 jtism con- 
 your firm 
 c is ever 
 )f woman, 
 child that 
 jcns gives 
 
 am ruled 
 10 Jesuits, 
 ch appear 
 intly alert 
 les' child ; 
 cssness of 
 10 mind of 
 poison, of 
 
 my enter- 
 ructiccs of 
 f merit a 
 iestined to 
 ference for 
 ger to tho 
 lies of tUo 
 
 lleformatitMi, and to mark tho ovidonccs of God's hand in 
 the luMtory of our empire. I have spoken of Elizabeth. 
 You know h(nv Gml was with her. You remember how that 
 terril,lo expedition the preparation of which had causoil 
 Europe to resound with the noise of nrtizans, exhausted her 
 granaries, aiul tilled with enthu.siasm the Papal world, spread 
 Its sails to tho favoring breeze and darkened the ot^eari as it 
 moved proudly towards it« destination.— Ami you remember 
 that when this invincible Armada drew near tha coiwts of 
 liritain, lie who sitteth in the Heavens laughed; Ho had the 
 lK)H.st.s and prowess of Philip in derision ; He spake unto the 
 cai)tainH „, His wrath and vexed them in His sore displea- 
 sure. Those huge ships were da.slied in pieces like a potter's 
 ve8.sel ; and the broken-hearted King of Spain could only gav 
 " I sent my fleets to combat tho English, not tho Almighty." 
 
 Is it not, my friends, an inspiring thought that the God 
 who fought for England then, is tho God of England now'' 
 that He is our God, and will be our Guide in every time of 
 peril to our country or our creed ? " 
 
 I would reverently enrjuire His will concerning those 
 nnmortal minds with which he has distinguished man. I 
 receive his reiily as it drops from the sacred lips of his 
 uicarnate Son : " Search the ScripturcH, for in them ye think 
 ye have eternal life, and they they which testify of me " 
 I see It inscribed ou the Holy i.t.o.ord by His Spirit with tho 
 l>en of Solomon : " Wisdom is the principal thing ; therefore 
 get Wisdom : and with all thy getting get understanding, 
 lake fast^ hold of instruction; let her not go: for she is 
 thy life." I recognise the language of His appointed 
 ambassador as V/isdora herself "puts forth her voice:" 
 "Blessed is the man that heareth me, watching daily at 
 my gates, waiting at the posts of my doors. Vor wbo.so 
 iind-th me nndoiii life, and shall obtain favor of the Lord 
 
1 "I*. II- m'-m:^'mm 
 
 ^^^^ 
 
 liiii 
 
 lint lio that Hiniieth against niu wroii^^tli Iiis own swA : ul) 
 thoy that hatu ino h>vo death." 
 
 Do wo noe<i a»iy further proof of Ood's design that man 
 nhouKl dcv«'h)j)0 atul iini)n)VO tho high faculties with which 
 he is endowed ? that iiwtead of siuking to n state of abject 
 ulavery of soul, and seeking affinity with •' tho spirit of the 
 beast that goeth downward to tlte earth," he shotdtl rise to- 
 tho dignity of beiug " but a little lower than tho angels, 
 crownoiJ with glory and honor, and having dominion over 
 all tho works of his Creator's howls " V 
 
 And i)OW shiill inau attain hi^ high prcrugativo hut 
 through u generouH o<hication, based on " the four of the 
 Ijord, which is the bogiuuing of wisdom"? What else ha» 
 given him tho |MiWor to triumph over tho obstacles of hi» 
 position as nn inluibitunt of Fdirtii ; to render all the elomentn 
 >iubservient to his i)ur|K)«eH, to transmit his thoughts from 
 ]K)le to pole with the velocity of Hghtuing, and trunspoit him 
 self from place to pla«!e with the certainty and sjKjed which, 
 steam ensures? What else luis elevated nations? raised 
 J"Jngland from being the prey of every invader to become the 
 arbiter and envy of surrounding kingdoms, the glory of the 
 world, and tho invincible guardian of the Protestant faith ; 
 or urged Anierica along a career of unprceedented expansion, 
 and enabled lier to wield, in working out lier great prosjwri- 
 ty, tho most discordant elements ? 
 
 Against this cultivation of the soul, it is my purpose ta 
 show that Rome is arrayed in active and unappeasable hos- 
 tility. Instead of aiding to impel the human mitul in the 
 path of progress, her grand object is, in 3Iacaulay's words,. 
 to stunt its growth. '• '.fhroughout Christendom," that 
 learned authority asserts, "whatever advance has lieea 
 made in knowledge, in freedom, in wealth, and in tho arts 
 of life, has been made in spite of b^sr, and has everywhere 
 Jjcen in inverse projiortion to her power." 
 
I mm . „. ,.,.^1, ,„• t„ „„t„„„|„| I „ ,, 
 
 ;:;"'r' ° 7""" 'j^-y "-. ,i,„ i , „,,ri l"^ 
 
 assunicH to 1,0 Hi. V- ! I>ro«un,,,hmuK m.u. wh., 
 
 fi.^- ..™„ c.„,,.h .„„e«li„g ..go, „,.„,, f,„„,,, „, Xto^ 
 •"» 'f'-'o, the growth of |,„..,,„ j,,.,,^,,,, m'.^M v 
 
 ;..*.* .,„„,.,!: „p„7„„; ;;;t; ;;;:;^';;;>,-^ 
 
 last three centurie.s. They are uLL » "^ ""- 
 
 ^•.econtra^t which oU^Z Ltl "r:?;-'"?'" '" 
 tl.o energy, i„teI,igo„ee. h.ppi.:.; "w ^h Ti W^^^^ 
 -|tne. ana the i.u,o.ene^'ig„or;nce, :::!:J; 1^ ~ 
 oUhoM^wh^h^uwn allegiance to the See of jtme' ^' 
 
 were suill m,vv ,.o„,,uue the *• ,u try ic ^ f""' "-",»^"'y "''"""/ 
 round I'dinl.nrKli. w II l.o , l.le ,o ;.L. •*",'"" '"''' ^''« *'»""try 
 "^•"••y of ra,,al Nomina io'T/.r^:;:^;;!.'^^'"'^!" "'^ to there,;*: 
 ".'»o«'W monaithies. to tl.c lovvcst 1 /ir« -^ h|">"i, once the first 
 turn ii|II,.!!.,.,,i . '_7. "'!:'o**<">t'H'J»thsot (leLMudiitimi • fi.o -.1 
 
 '• *" ^'"" "' '"""> """«■•»' <ii^'uivantai,e;; to a p.,- itj;;;; 
 
^ 
 
 msss^ 
 
 1 
 
 
 Nor can I here forbear from suggesting to your minas 
 another contrast. Whence have sprung those powerful 
 intellects whose achievements in the realms of literature, or 
 whose triuu.phs on the fields of science and arts, have contri- 
 buted their glories to the civilization of the present day ? 
 Under what tuition expanded the minds which have given 
 us our Steamboats, our Railroads, and our Electric Tel- 
 egraphs V 
 
 From thus cursorily observing the consequences of the 
 opposition of Fopery to learning, let us proceed to notice 
 the evidences of its actual working supplied to us ni the 
 recent history of Britain and America. 
 
 I shall ask your aitention, first, to the course of the Roman 
 Catholic Priesthood in Ireland. There the educational 
 question has been pretty well tried out. The wisest minds 
 of the empire have, from time to time, concentrated their 
 cnerc^ies upon the task of securing to the pc^ople of that fan- 
 Isle die means of a liVeral education, in such a manner as 
 should preclude the fears and win the cooperation of the 
 Church of Rome. Nearly half a Century ago it was re- 
 solved to introduce into that country a system " from whicli," 
 in the language of the Commissioners, " should be banished 
 even the°surpicion of prosclytism, and which, admitting 
 children of all religious persuasions, should not interfere 
 with tlio religious tenets of any." Tlie only recognition 
 of religion was the reading of the Scri ptures in the Kmg 
 
 '^^'i^^^r^^Tc^^i^^^ HO smnll has ever reached, teaeh Jlic sarne 
 ?esBou Whoever im.aes, in Germany, from a lioma.i Cathohc o 
 Vrn?^stant Priaeipalitv ; in Switzerland, from a Roman Cathohc to a 
 rSeftS cZo^^^ Irchmd.from a Roman Cathohc to a Fro- 
 
 LrntCountr;linds that he lias passed from a lower to a higher 
 testanti.ouni.ju i^ Atlantic the same law 
 
 rretiS "t K;stl!;;s ort Umted states have left far belnnd 
 K the Roman Catholics of Mexico, I'eru, and Brazil. Iho 
 \l'""\..!'V^^.S. "of (^amula remain inert, while the whole continent 
 ronmi'ihem'isiiTafernientwithrrotestant activity and eulerpnso. 
 —Uistorii of Fiiflland, lol. l,p.4\. 
 
James' or the Douay version, without note or comment. 
 lint this was enough to stir tlie wrath of Home. Slio ever 
 trembles, as in the presence of her strongest foe, Ixifore tlio 
 simple Word of God. Ireland became a scene of intense 
 commotion. The waves of priestly turbulence ran high ; 
 and to still the tumult, Lord Stanley produce<l a scheme 
 which he thouglit would restore tranquillity, gratify the 
 priests, and at the same time educate the people, llefer- 
 ring to the previous system, under which the Bible had been 
 read without note or comment, he sai-' : " It seems to have 
 been overlooked that the princijJes . the Roman Catholic 
 Church were totally at variance with this principle, and that 
 the indiscriminate reading of the Holy Scriptures without 
 note or comment, by children, must be peculiarly obnoxious 
 to the Church which denies, even to adults, the right of 
 unaided private interpretation of the Sacred Volume with 
 respect to articles of religious belief." It was now, there- 
 fore, resolved to introduce a system which Lord Stanley 
 said " should afford, if possible, a combined literary and 
 separate religious education, and should bo capable of being 
 so far adapted to the religious persuasions wliich prevail in 
 Ireland as to render it in truth a national system for the 
 poorer classes of the comnmnity." From this idea sprang 
 the " National System " of Ireland : one on which the com- 
 mendations of intelligent men of different creeds were la- 
 vishly bestowed, and which seemed, to all such as were 
 prepared to subordinate their religious convictions, calculated 
 to confer ujwn Ireland the desiderated boon. The scheme 
 of secular instruction was comprehensive in character, and 
 beyond question beneficial in its operation. Religious in- 
 struction was left to the respective pastors of the pupils. 
 No Bibles were introduced to oftend by their simple 
 presentation of the Way of Truth. A series of books, 
 however, was compiled, with the sanction of the Roman 
 
-•••*a 
 
 10 
 
 Catholic ArchbiHhoi), Dr. 3Iurray, intended to convey some 
 knowledge of Scripture liifitory, and conUiining elements of 
 Ohristian morality. The provailinn; opinion regarding these 
 was thus enunciated in tl.e Edinhunih liencw: "The 
 Irish are essentially a Roman Catholic jKioplo ; they have 
 not only no particular predilection for the ipsissima verba 
 ofScripture, but they prefer being taught the substance of 
 what Scripture reveals, by the Priests, and through the 
 medium of books stamped with the Priest's approval. The 
 judicious men who concocted the Irish scheme and compiled 
 the text-books, which form an essential ingredient in it, 
 accomplished innnense good. They contrived to intersperses 
 among geographic and scientific details, extracts from Scrip- 
 ture, on^the whole faithfully and skilfully rendered ; every 
 one 9f which sets forth the excellency of moral virtue and 
 expresses not alone the depravity but the evil consequences 
 of vice " The Priests, it was thought, were pacified and 
 pleased. Years rolled on, and Roman Catholics attended 
 and reaped advantage from the National Schools. But, 
 alas for the want of foresight in those who had neglected 
 the imiwrtant maxim, "Ignorance is the mother of devo- 
 tion ! " under this system of tuition the faculties of the 
 Irish youth began rapidly to expand. They acquired a 
 degree of intellectual vigor, amazing, and even appalling 
 to their spiritual guides. They began to outstrip in know- 
 ledge the hedge-priest; to be not a whit inferior, to say the 
 least, in ctual learning to the graduate of Maynooth; and 
 to eclipse, I doubt not, in true philosophy Archbishop 
 Cullen lumselt— who cannot yet be persuaded that the 
 world turns round. The Priests perceived that the doom of 
 their system was sealed, should things continue as they 
 vere. They must, therefore, break up the National System, 
 or get it completely under theii' own control. They first 
 attacked the Scripture readings. It was the rule that ' an 
 
vcy 8om<? 
 cincnts of 
 ling tbcBO 
 !>; "Tho 
 they have 
 nut verba 
 bstanco of 
 loiigh tho 
 val. Tho 
 . compiled 
 ent in it, 
 intcrspcrsti 
 roni Scrip- 
 ed ; every 
 virtue and 
 nsecjuences 
 cified and 
 3 attended 
 •ols. But, 
 neglected 
 r of dov(H 
 ties of the 
 acquired a 
 I appalling 
 ip in know- 
 , to say tho 
 looth ; and 
 Archbishop 
 d that the 
 ihe doom of 
 uo as they 
 nal System, 
 
 'incy iirst 
 an 
 
 lie that ' 
 
 11 
 
 objection made on behalf of a single child should occasion 
 tho discontmuanco of these notwithstanding tho willingness 
 or oven the positive wish, of tho rest to pursue them.'-a 
 rule, the working of which is thus pathetically portrayed 
 by u recent reviewer:* '« Suppose a Committee, interested 
 m the welfare of the young, open a School in the midst of a 
 Protestant ])i.strict. and a hundred pupils attend-Episco- 
 palian. Presbyterian, and Dissenting. The Committee ar- 
 range that while no catechism or Church formulary shall 
 bo taught, the School shall be opened with praise, prayer, 
 and the readmg of a short portion of the Word of God 
 Ihey give to some of tho classes the Scripture Extracts 
 prepared and earnestly recommended by the Commissioners 
 hemselves and to another class tho volume of Sacred 
 octry. The scholars are receiving a vigorous secular edu- 
 cation, combmed with tho privileges of healthful, moral, and 
 rehgious influences.-two Roman Catholic children, from a 
 family just come to reside in the District, enter the School - 
 they object to prai«o and prayer, and henceforth the psalm' 
 must bo unsung and prayer unutten3d ; they object to tho 
 i-eadmg of the Bible, and it must bo instantly shut.-tho 
 i^hgious a^rvices. in which the young delighted, must ceaso 
 m the Public School, and about a hundred scholars, at tho 
 luddmg of two, must cither como an hour earlier to School 
 or reman, an hour later ;-they object to the Scripture Ex- 
 tracts, and they must at once be gathered up from every 
 httle scholar ;-they object to tho volume of Sacred Poetry 
 u^dm another class for tho ordinary purposes of instruc! 
 tion, and although neither of tho Roman Catholics has a 
 place in that class, or is called to read that simple and 
 fcvonte volume, it too must be cast aside. These two littlo 
 lads, objectmg on the part of their parents, can not only 
 

 «na the Bible out of ll-o I'ublio School ond sUcnco opontog 
 p„„. „„a pn.jer, but can gather up frojn the a,^ro.,t 
 cl«sc8 the Scripture fctracts and the volume of bacred 
 Poetry, and prohibit thoir public use." 
 
 Til pictuL was exceeded in sad reahly ^heu . Jglo 
 Ken n Catholic child was sent into one of tho Model 
 Schools for tho express purpose of putting an end to U«i 
 toipture Readings. Hero was a b.re.f«=ed tnck -an ou^ 
 „i«s sacrifice of the spirit to the letter ef the law.-b«t 
 ufuceeeded. When it was found that a system generou^y 
 framed by a Prot»stant Government in the spmt of «.m 
 pTn^se was thus shamefully perverted; that thoy who so 
 loudly ckmored Ibr e^ual civil and religious rights woro detor- 
 3 to make the ^.y concessions which ProtestanUsm had 
 Lrally accorded, an instrument for tyrannumg over tteu 
 Protestant fellow subjects; and when it was «««".^^*^ 
 . feeble «.d time-serving Oovemment possessed »o P«w^' »» 
 cheek such insolence and such abuses ;-men l.ko Archtohop 
 mat«ly, Chancellor Mackburn, and Baron «'«"«.*!»'• 
 Lents of tho Board, were driven t» rosip. : and w.th t„m 
 "^rted the genius of tho Irish National System. ItsMu™ 
 
 Jls, in tSe view of every one who has pattently studied the 
 successive developments of educational expenment .u Iroknd. 
 and marked the various concessions made to Boman Cathoue 
 ;^udiee, the impossibility of framing one wh.ch wdl seen 
 Thcne t coo,;^tion of the Priesthood and mamtam m 
 an, degree tho lil«rty of Protestants. That .t *«. s,g«ally 
 faild Taccomplish the groat purpose for wh.ch .t was de- 
 d^ed, that of Wording •• a oomhiued «'«'-? »»*7"»^ 
 Sigioi^ education," is clear from the recorded &c^^ ha 
 nearly five thousand National Schools are m operation, but the 
 number under the joint manageme... .f Ex,man Cathohcs and 
 "** V .^ ..Torimif " said lately the 
 Protestants is only fony-uignt. ^ - -. - - 
 
 M of Derby, it. founder, iu the House of Lords, I adnut 
 
13 
 
 dred, what else, suppose you. have they done? tT 
 have secured the National fiiml- f« *u ^ , ^'^^^ 
 
 =r:, j:r "^^^^^ 
 
 'he Bib.0 have a pirltg" IZC mL"" ^ '' 
 
 engine of Papal aggression on Protestant rights.* 
 
 I must, by way of illustratinff the snlrlf »i,- u • 
 tbo Papacy with reference to al7j !«? J:" T™'''" 
 ^race briefly the history of the Q^n s cll^^^^^^^^ 
 ^^^^^y^;^^^^ of ParliamentTn m^'lt 
 
 4cctrg"iirc^sXd°irfr 
 
 paper in the Z»«A/^ ^mi;' »!£"._^^S«l">' PA^gmphs to an ahK 
 2 
 
i V 
 
 M 
 
 w 
 
 ill 
 
 14 
 
 ten years had been spent by a Committee of the House of 
 Commons, consisting of thirty members, and -P-"g - J 
 men as the present Earl of Derby, Sir Robert Pee , Lord 
 Morp^h. SirWrt Inglis, and Mr. Wise, in most labonous 
 and^nltinizing inquiries into the F-^ion «nd wants o 
 public education in Ireland. There ^^^ ^^^'^^2 
 Cs situated respectively in the towns of Belfast. Cork. 
 
 verritv. No religious t<«t was required of Student or umee 
 ZZ WitUo the wJU of the Institution seouUr .»■ 
 ^7ion.lon.w»eon.n,m.ie.ted, but *».«'«;-,«fT 
 to of the studente was specially provided for by the 
 : ^i^tment of Deans of Mdenee. of the -™1 den™«- 
 inLns " whose duty it is to wateh over the students 
 J2 • .. the religious body whieh eaeh Dean ropresenta, 
 .T\o ^„m^ a supervision over the board. ng-houses m 
 
 «Z«d their willingness to e«,perate with the Govern- 
 ^erTih. advaneement of Aeademieal eduoatton; bu 
 CTodestly UBUted: "That a fair proport.on o the 
 
 fwTJappointed by. Board of Trustees of wh.ch the 
 STZ. C.So Prelates of the Province m wh,eh any 
 rf Tho», Colleges shall be erected shall be members 
 
 "St the Roman Catholic pupils could not ^tend U>. 
 lectures on History, Logic Metaphysics, Mora Phdosphy, 
 StZ, or An..™.y, without exposing thei, fa.th or morab 
 rrSent danger, unless a K«u,a„ Cathohc Professor w,ll 
 1m antointed for each of these Chairs. „ , . , „ 
 
 Xt, as it is not contemplated that the Student, sha 
 be pmided with lodgings in the new Colleges there shal 
 t rlman Catholic Chaplain to ™I«''"'f ,. *! ™"'. 
 "*. .. ._ _. v-t--t-o- "f th« Roman Cathohc Students 
 'i;;rr^""^ fli- ^^gc^^ ibatthe.p,»in..ent 
 
IS 
 
 of such ChnploiiM, will, , suitable mUry shall 1« n,.^, 
 
 ^pSoirc^^^zjhtr::^.'"— - 
 
 «»». U.e C„ne^.aLrh/tiLr7r;7S: 
 A.COS app^ved b, the Chu,.h authorities JfoL^T 
 
 Visitors, . mp«„e court of appeal f„, the Univereitr B»t 
 here „ p,o„f ,b.. .„.ki„g ,/^^^^ ^"■™«^- But 
 
 of «. unreserved surrender to its dictaL lI^^T 
 IWu Catholic 8,„od a. Thurle, «Xed I lifhli' 
 
 ^t:t^rb:r.hr:rir^fp-iir 
 
 runders of A,..,, ^ensure haJStrJrCo ' 
 
 ucscnption m connection with tha ««™ n , "^ 
 
 - cier,,nen .i.o, .Ith-'l^ Zr^^LVS I" 
 
 ::^^thr:q;'' j;.':;:rr'' .'-r'"'^'^" •» 
 
 uijr irusf^, and exhorting the dutiful sous 
 
. ;-^i*; 
 
 16 
 
 ., ..Motte Church," «. ;- »",„^;, *ir™:fy 
 thought would prove a Wessin^. Qraco tho most 
 
 «-" :V"o:Sof tst "puh«„, p™.«^ 
 
 lovetend Br. >^>"1™' ' «„«_" Censured by the 
 
 Ireland, and Megnt« »f "» f^P» ^.^^„^ ^o 
 
 H»ly See. and -P-^^^^^^! root, nor permanently 
 Queen's CoUeges m\\ neyer ta ^^^^ .^^^. 
 
 aourUh, in thta Catl 3l.o ""T'^- J°™ ;„g „,igiou. doc- 
 ple of indifferentUm t» 'f S"""' ™* P';° J «i«aV"y. *"? 
 Le.. true «.d false, on *« -^J"^^" Jot Ireland, 
 ,ill never gain the confidence «« «•= J^^^ ;, t„t „„e 
 ,,oheUeve.hatthe« shut one Mh,^^ 4.^^^^^ ^^^,, 
 
 baptism and one God. L gi^jiicanoe, of that 
 
 n,»v be ready to assume that the concessions 
 Some persons may >» wf'y . i„i„„a from successive 
 estorttd by the Church -^Ro";^ 1 ^ ^^.^^ ,„aer 
 
 British Cabinets, wre d"" .«^ »' ^ population, and that 
 ler spiritual charge tlje »^ "^^'f,, °\£ms.ances of that 
 ^ claims v,hich.»^«J»£».„ „,,!„,, ,ero such as 
 
 country, the P^j"^^ /;'^„ ^ ^,„to tl«m from advancmg 
 Aeir o,n sense of rightv^u ^ ^ „„ 
 
 in countnes whero the rem r r- ^^^^^ ^^^ ^„,. 
 
 ^aCatholi.. 7" jrtm Wandtothe United States 
 grant subjects of the 1 ope iro ^ ^^^„,jy 
 
 '„, America, and .hat do « see^ !» ^^ jj^,, 
 
 ^bich has not yet learned, lUs^r^. P a«„guishing 
 but where no one rehgvons body r ^^^ j^_^ 
 
 regard. They find a system "f ^^""'^ ^ ,„,,/„„, decent 
 isectarian bias ; destitute '"f^^'g^'^scripluroB. The 
 except the simple readmg of the Boiy p 
 
17 
 
 Bible is daily road ; but no one anticipates tbo priest in his 
 office of interpreter. For him it is reserved to cultivate the 
 rebg.ous sense in the youthful mind, and the teacher appoint 
 ed by the State must restrict his instructions within the 
 sphere of secular knowledge. It is a Protestant countiy, 
 
 I w I l"":'";''"*''^"^ »nite 5° recognizing the Bible a. 
 the Word of God. and in desiring that its sacred truths may 
 be rendered familiar to their children. The Church of 
 Rome too, professes to receive it as a portion of the Word 
 of (xod. Here then, if anywhere, the Papacv will waive its 
 arro^nt pretensions, yield somewhat to the prepossessions of 
 a majority of the people, accept gracefully the boon which is 
 proffered by the State, and suffer her children to enjoy the 
 advantages which surround them for rising to an equality in 
 intelligence with the rest of the American people, whilst she 
 will strenuously strive to confim their allegiance to her, not 
 by the stem exercise of spiritual despotism but by the dulcet 
 voice of reason. It is all a mistake. On the soil of Ame- 
 nca Rome displays the same dread of the Bible, the same 
 antipathy to all invigorating culture of the intellect, which 
 we have seen characterizing her where she ruled supreme, 
 bhe has endeavored in New England to annul the regulation, 
 which has subsisted there from time immemorial, requiring the 
 reading of the Bible. This was long ago essayll by the 
 introduction to a school in Maine of a girl entitled to its 
 privileges, but whose parents refused permission for her to 
 read the authorized version of the Scriptures, and brought an 
 action damages because the rule was not dispensed with 
 More lately, even within the past month, the effort has been 
 renewed in Boston, and every reader of the newspapers must 
 have marked m the defiant rudeness-the open rebellion-of 
 the boys of the Elliot school, fresh evidence of Rome's 
 determmation to annihilate all authority, to root up erery 
 institution, which does not subserve her f^^sign of univerad 
 
18 
 
 supremacy. In New York, she has proceeded Btealtbily, 
 Btop by step, asserting her rights of conscience in the mutila- 
 tion of the ordinary school books, by expunging from thorn 
 all such offensive passages as contained historical allusions to 
 the worthies of the lleformation, or a record of facts in con- 
 flict with her dogmas, and now insolently demanding, in the 
 midst of a Protestant commonwealth, the entire removal of 
 the Bible from the schools. This demand has been nobly 
 resisted. The language of the people is condensed in the 
 exclamation of one,— "Banish the Bible from our schools ! 
 Never! so long as a piece of Plymouth l^k remains big 
 enough t« make a gun flint of." The law in New York 
 regarding Public Schools, one would have thought comprehen- 
 sive enough in its catholicity to meet the wishes of the most 
 insatiable advocates of the rights of conscience. It forbids 
 the teaching in the public schools of the religious doctrines 
 of any particular christian or other religious sect; prohibit* 
 the introduction of any book or books containing compositions 
 favorable or prejudicial to such doctrines or tenets ; provides 
 that the Board of Education shall not have power to exclude 
 the Holy Scriptures, without note or comment, or any selec- 
 tions therefrom, from any of the schools, but expressly 
 denies to them the right of deciding what version, if any, 
 shall be selected. The Roman Catholic may consult his con- 
 scientious convictions. The Protestant may do the same. 
 The only grievance is, that from Protestant schools the 
 Bomanist may not demand the removal of the Bible as an 
 act of homage to his caprice. This is the system, thus 
 liberally framed, against which the denunciations of the 
 Papacy, by its recognized organs, are sounded throughout 
 the Union. The Eoman Catholic bishop of New York 
 charges upon it the growth of crime, which in reality results 
 from the constant uniwgration of European paupers. The 
 Provincial Councils of Baltimoie have directed against it their 
 
stealthily, 
 he mutilu* 
 roni them 
 lusions to 
 eta in cori- 
 ng, in tho 
 removal of 
 een nobly 
 Hid in tho 
 ir schools ! 
 smains big 
 New York 
 Bompreben- 
 if tho most 
 
 It forbids 
 >s doctrines 
 
 ; prohibits 
 om positions 
 s; provides 
 
 to exclude 
 ' any selee- 
 t expressly 
 ion, if amjy 
 suit his con- 
 3 tho same. 
 
 schools the 
 Bible as an 
 ystem, thus 
 ions of the 
 
 throughout 
 
 New York 
 eality results 
 upers. The 
 
 fUlUSL XL tUTTiL 
 
 If) 
 
 heavily loaded canons. In the West the bishops concontrato 
 upon It all their dostructivo for.es. and demand that Catholic 
 schools shall be established and supjwrted by tho State. * 
 
 I hold it. then, to 1x3 sufficiently proved that nothing short 
 of unreserved admission of the Roman Catholic priesthood 
 to tho entire control of tho educational institutions of tho 
 country wdl meet their requirements. And need I add that 
 this po.s.tion gained, every element of useful, soul ennobUnc 
 knowlclge would be at once eliminated, and the pall of Intel- 
 lectual darkness be spread over the mind of the nation. 
 
 It is time to tread upon Colonial ground. In Canada 
 there d.d seem reason to hope when Dr. Ilyerson laid tho 
 foundations of a Provincial system of education, that his 
 abonous and sagacious contrivances to render it acceptable 
 to tho Roman Catholic prelacy would ensure to him their 
 Hympathy and cordial support. The rules regarding religious 
 instruction and the books to be used in the schools, were a 
 
 must bp tau^rhc by every i.mtructoro' youth where 'er J S. inT° 
 physica or moral power of that Church to enforro T It w f, Z ^ 
 
 fmmmmm 
 
 rj'^!';^ fT°, ^'^ t« be turned directly against the whoi; .t-tem 5 
 coinsiua schois ; and ftgaii, they were deteated." ' ^ 
 
20 
 
 tranHcript of tho«o 08tabli«he<J by tho National Board of 
 p:>lucation in Ireland, mih tbo concurrence of tho Roman 
 Catholic ArchbiHliop Murray. No nehool book was sanction- 
 cd in which there wa« a paragraph to impugn the principles 
 of tho Woman Catholic faith. No Hchool authority i.a« per- 
 fitted to require tho attendance of any pupil at tho readmg 
 of any book, or the recital of any hymn or prayer, to winch 
 tho parents or guardians of such pupil should object. Ihe 
 printed forms and regulations, or the constitution and govern- 
 ment of tho schools in respect to religious instruction, were 
 eubmitted to the lloman Catholic bishop of tho day and 
 reoeivod his sanction. 'And when at the openmg of the 
 Normal School, His Excellency the Governor General said 
 " It is the principle of our Common School Educational 
 System, that its foundation is laid deep in the firm rock of 
 our common Christianity. While the varying views and 
 opinions of a mixed religious society are scrupulously respeet- 
 od-while every semblance of dictation is carefully avo.ded-- 
 it is desired.it is earnestly recommended, it is confidently 
 expected and hoped, that every child who attends our com- 
 raoa schools ohall leam that he is a being who has an interest 
 in eternity as well a^ in time.~I understand that upon the 
 broad and solid platform which is raised upon that good 
 foundation, we invite the ministers of religion of al den.Mni. 
 nations.-the de facto spiritual guides of the people o Vn 
 eouutrv.-to take their stand along with u8,"-Bishop Ouai-- 
 bonnel responded to Lord Elgin that -the Institution would 
 Ije i-< of the most glorious monuments of all that ttis 
 ExceL. -'3 liberal government had raised for the prospenty 
 
 **^It'vv'C 'it Ivng, however, before the priests developed 
 their .>acoi. 1. hostility J> the whole scheme of popular 
 ;..tr-tion in Canada. They denounced the schools as 
 "Godless," and yet would admit of no religious exercise 
 
m^ 
 
 91 
 
 which du\ not derive its solo authority from them. Tlio 
 foUowin- f'xtruot from a letter by Hi.shop CharlKJti.iol to Dr. 
 KyoreoD 8b;ill bo my vouchor for the stutemonts I make. 
 •M havo said." ho wrote in 1852, "that if the cutechism 
 wero Huliiciently taught in the family or by tho pastor, so rare 
 in this large diocese ; and if the mixed schools wcro ex- 
 clusively for secular instruction, and without danger to our 
 Catholics, in regard to masters, books, and companions, tho 
 Catholic Hierarchy might tolerate it, as I havo dono in 
 certain localities, after having made duo enquiry. Otherwise, 
 in default of these conditions, it is forbidden to our faithful 
 to send their children to these schools, m pain of the refusal 
 of the Sacraments ; because the soul and heaven are above 
 every thuig ; because the foot, tho hand, the eye, occasions 
 of sin, ought to be sacrificed to salvation ; because, finally, 
 Jesus Christ has confided this mission of instruction, which 
 has civilized the world, to no others than tho Apostles and 
 their successors to the end of time. It is their right so 
 sacred and inalienable, that every wise and paternal govern- 
 ment has made laws respecting instruction only in harmony 
 with the teaching Church— tho Bishops united to their su- 
 preme and universal Head ; and this right is so inviolable, 
 that of late, as well as in former times, in France, in Bel- 
 gium, in Prussia, in Austria, as in Ireland, the Bishops, 
 with the Pope, havo done everything to overthrow or modify 
 every School or University system opposed to the mission 
 given by Jesus Christ to his sacred College." 
 
 You appreciate, I hope, my Protestant friends, the cha- 
 racter and extent of these prelatical claims. Wo should 
 bo thankful to this Canadian bishop for having so broadly 
 asserted the principles upon which tho Pope and Bishops 
 proceed. It will save us much time and argument. If 
 elucidation be needed of ih(^ Kishnn a moonm™ ™i,«„ Un 
 requires the schools to bo " without danger to our Catholics, 
 
22 
 
 in regard to masters, books, and companions," it is supplied 
 by his own writings. No masters, we have seen, are 
 acceptable but those who are of tho "Sacred College." 
 Of the school Iwoks it was asserted in 1857 : " There is 
 not a single text book, even on natural sciences, arts, civil 
 polity, political economy, or any branch of natural history 
 and human industry, there is not a single Protestant 
 production of taste, literature, and imagination, but contains 
 more or less that is offensive to Catholics." And that the 
 compauiouship to which Catholic children are exposed should 
 be deprecated, is not cause of wonder when we find the 
 priest Bruyere asserting that " these sound Roman Catholics 
 educated in mixed schools, may be honorable men, honest 
 men, according to the Protestant sense of the word; but 
 practical, religious observers of the rules of their Church, 
 they are not. They are Catholics in name ; Protestant or 
 half heathen in practice. They are Protestant to all mtenta 
 and purposes." 
 
 To form an adequate estimate of the arrogancy and viru- 
 lence of the opposition to the system of public education in 
 Canada, we must remember that Roman Catholics were 
 under no obligations to send their children to the common 
 schools. The law of the land provided not only ample 
 protection, but generous assistance for them in their estab- 
 lishment and conduct of separate schools. It was enacted 
 that each such separate school should be entitled to share 
 in the school fund according to the average attendance of 
 pupils compared with that upon the common schools in the 
 Bame city, town, village, or township. And subsequently, 
 when tins arrraugement was found insufficient to meet the 
 wishes of the Roman Catholics, the principle was adopted 
 by the legislature of exempting them from all school taxes, 
 with a corresponding exclusion of their childreu fn»m all 
 public schools, leaving them perfectly free to establish 
 
23 
 
 their own schools at their own expense. Still greater 
 privileges were afterwards conferred.* But all in vain 
 The demands of the Roman Catholics were, that they should 
 have the sole, unsupervised, management of their sen«-te 
 schools, but that the state should put i„ motion its whole 
 machmery to maintain them, to the same extent that it does 
 to g|ve efficiency to the Common Schools established by 
 itself, and under the management of its own appointed offi- 
 cers. They required that whatever money was raised for 
 school purposes should constitute a general fund from which 
 the public and separate school was to be equally paid accord- 
 ing to attendance ; and that the same principle should be 
 can-ied out in appropriations for building, repairing, and 
 furmsJnng school houses. The exorbitant character of 
 hese demands is too patent to leave room for argument 
 One authenticated fact in connexion with them wHl f^llt 
 expose the^ design: the trustees of the Eoman Catholic 
 schools in Toi^nto claimed £1.500 for their schools, wh n 
 the net amount of the school tax was £1.800. of whi^h the 
 
 diaVASnt^traKn?^^^^^^^^^^^^ -^« ^^^ Co- 
 
 features by tlie efforts of fvi^nii'^'^"'^"' m«8t objectionable 
 Charhonn^ll as fav^s,1mUS"er En!!:'"' ^'^M'^!' V Bishop 
 "repealed the obligation frcathoiio/n^^^ '''^"'' '' <^«"fen-ec, 
 
 authorized by pcrso s o ?nosc5 to «.nf «P1'«"I'"K t^ and of being 
 them.andevenLhavinianeleSoK? "'''^"'l ^?' establishing 
 of having a Separate sZo who •orPnfh'^ ' f'^l"'"'^ *''« inoa,,acity 
 School ; repealed the Sss tv of beh,^ „ f™ ,' ' n"'*'' ' '^"^ Common 
 
 being a trustee ; placedXTins e "of £S tho^"^^^^^^^^^ 
 footing as the Trustees of rommnn «*'f "^^^ Schools on the same 
 
 special nower of qualifying dSTu-hS^and "of /"""• ^^''"1 ^"^ 
 school f'unds for school pu%osel-™mfPrfl ;^»«Posing of all 
 
 taxes the tenant supportiLEarateSfolIr' ?"""?" S^''««» 
 etor;giventhetaxpaverareSiTforl,i,? 1 '■'^'' "* *''« P^pri. 
 porter of separate Sool^^ fife p"'.!'-"™*'?" *^^ 
 from being sufficient to apnease the «n^ •"A* 'V'^T''*^'"' ^'"^ ^r 
 They are still pressing. tbciWc "LI '5' ^?_°'""" . C«t''«''^ priesthood, 
 iect no opportunity" to "drive' the" hR,^«rJ5'"?u,"'''r' ""'^ "eg- 
 Canadian legislators '*'^*** P*>»«We bai^aia witli 
 
'■<skr«ii.-i^x'ti&mie^f^auMtim>iii>nm ■. 
 
 24 
 
 net proportion contributed by tbem was £156 lOs.* Om 
 fourth of t\ie population, paying one twelfth of tbe taxes, 
 deemed themselves entitled to t oarly two thirds of tbe scbool 
 fund. Anything short of a system which should provide for 
 the flocks of the Jesuit agitators such green pasturage, while 
 Protestants who owned the field might graze on the mountain 
 top, was to be denounced as the veriest proscription. To this 
 complexion education in Canada must come, or, in the 
 -wordsof Bishop Charbonnel, "the world of the 19th Cen- 
 tury will know that here, as elsewhere. Catholics, against the 
 Constitution of the country, against its best and most sacred • 
 interests, are persecuted by the most cruel hypocritical per- 
 secution." And that its advent might be accelerated, His 
 lordship took occasion to write : (and may we not accept 
 these words as written for our learning?) "Unlike our 
 neighbors, Catholics are not split up on any question of 
 vital hnportance. On the question of education, as well 
 as on any subject of equal weight, we are not divided into a 
 thousand factions. No: we are united in one compact 
 body, animated by the same feeling, guided by the same 
 views. I avail myself of this opportunity to inform the 
 worthy Superintendent of Education that I am but a feeble 
 echo of that mighty voice of 1,150,000 Roman Catholics, 
 ■which, thunder-like, resounds from Sandwich to Gaspe, from 
 the shores of our beautiful lake to the farthest northern 
 boundaries." f 
 
 In these Lower Provinces it may be assumed that intel- 
 ligent Protestants have observed for themselves the wily 
 
 * Report of the Free School Committee of the Board of Trustees 
 for the City of Toronto, dated 19th May 1852. 
 
 t My quotations in the foregoing paragraphs are from a pamphlet 
 ji^ublished in Toronto in 18.57, containing the correspondence between 
 Dr. Kyerson and Bishop Charbonnei and others ia the five years 
 preceeding. 
 
.* One 
 e taxes, 
 le school 
 ovide for 
 ye, while 
 nountain 
 
 To this 
 , in the 
 9th Cen- 
 ;ainst the 
 »st sacred 
 itical per- 
 ited, His 
 lOt accept 
 ilike our 
 lestion of 
 , as well 
 led into a 
 
 compact 
 the same 
 iform the 
 t a feeble 
 Catholics, 
 ispe, from 
 
 northern 
 
 that intel- 
 the wily 
 
 af Trustees 
 
 ft pamphlet 
 
 ice between 
 . £,.^ _„-_ 
 
 25 
 
 course of _ the Church of Komo. Here, the Jesuits have not 
 yet conspicuoasly essayed the same dominion over the mind 
 of tlie country that they have so boldly attempted to ex- 
 orcise elsewhere. _ But they have been not the less studiously 
 and surely prepanng the way for that ultiniate triumph which 
 ^oy hop to achieve The conflict between true heaited 
 I lotestants and their false brethren, under the leadership of 
 a Koman Cathohc bishop, which lately convulsed PrL 
 Edward_ Island, and produced, as its immediate result the 
 ignomnnous expulsion of God's Word from the schools, and 
 of a laborious Superintendent of Education from the country 
 but m Its ulterior efFects.-praise be unto Him who «' taketh 
 ho wise in their own craftiness, "-has swept from the 
 Counci s of that Colony the men who bent their necks to the 
 yoke of Rome, is surely sufficiently significant of the spirit 
 which lurks concealed under the fair phrases. " equal rights," 
 cm a„Jrehg,ous liberty." „ow so incessantfy upo^ the 
 ip« of those who have proved themselves in all ageV to be 
 ndeed the du.st foes of these exalted principle! How 
 often m Nova Sco.a have the effects of our legislature to 
 settle a scheme of general education been thwarted by 
 priestly mfluence? Has not the mandate recently gone 
 
 tathohcs of this province, to keep their children from mixed 
 schools, warning them that «« no education however bril- 
 hunt can compensate for the risk," endeavoring to incite 
 hatred towards Protestants, by the ungrounded charge that 
 hese are continually employed in tampering with the faith 
 of Catholic chiWren; and calling upon all Catholic parents 
 to never submit to the injustice by whicli the public 
 lands would be expended in a hateful proselytism or to the 
 tyranny which would force on. their children, under nro. 
 |onco or secular education, any books which are condemned 
 by the Catholic church,"-such books, be it remembered, 
 
2(5 
 
 «,s, not only our IJiblc, pronounced hy them to ha studiousty 
 corrupt, not only our catechisms and tracts, styled ivjidelf 
 but " every text book ; even on natural science, arts, civil 
 polity, political economy, or any branch of natural history 
 or human industry," every "Protestant production of taste, 
 literature, and imagination." * 
 
 I am avrare that it has been asserted that Catholics only 
 demand to be treated in these provinces as they act towards 
 Protestants vyhero their religion is predominant. I am aware 
 that the liberty of education in France, in Austria, and other 
 Catholic countries, has been iwentipned as an argument to 
 induce unbounded concession here. But I am not aware 
 that in any country where the will of the Pope is law, tho 
 State provides for its Catholic children an elaborate and ex- 
 pensive system of education ; and then addressing itself to its 
 Protestant subjects says, "All tho advantages which tho 
 Catholic Church possesses you too shall enjoy. The machi- 
 nery of Government is at your command. Build school- 
 houses, levy taxes, carry on your own schemes of education 
 in perfect independence of the state r instil what principles 
 you please ; train up the pliant mlnuS of your children in 
 liostility to the institutions of the country and disloyalty to 
 the crown, if you desire ; the state will collect for you tho 
 taxes you impose, and put forth tho energy of the govern- 
 ment you despise for your protection and support." Yet this 
 is nothing more than Roman Catholics demand from the states- 
 men of Britain and America. When Franco is referred to in 
 argument upon this (question, it should be remembered that 
 she is ruled by a man who bends to tl)e dictation of the Pope 
 only so far as his own interests prompt uim. We are not to 
 judge the spirit of Popery in France by the acts of Napoleon, 
 but by the conduct and language of those who are commission- 
 
27 
 
 «cl to interpret the will of Rome. The Bishop of Arras in 
 whose diocese are situated several of those towns to which 
 >.nghshmen ch.eflj resort, and in which many of them reside 
 condemns m.xc .hools, -accounts it " scandalous to mat 
 .rror walk by the side of truth, according to it the same 
 rights, pnvdeges. aud rewards;" and intimates that the 
 masters of such .schools should not be admitted to the sacra- 
 «s^_ "Nevertheless." he says, '' if the Protestant pupils 
 be subjected to the s.me exercises as the Roman Catholic. 
 It may be an advantage to them, without proving oov incon- 
 ve.,ence to the. co-disciples. It must tend thi/way; under 
 pam of bemg mexcusable. " * But why cite instances of 
 the opposition to freedom of education for P^testants ? It is 
 agamst all secular learning that the foremost minds of the 
 Ultramontamsts in France are arrayed. It has produced all 
 the evils, they say. which have afflicted Europe for the last 
 four centuries. It gave birth to the Reformation; it has 
 paganized society; and pea.e will never return until the 
 Oieek and Latm classics are supplanted by the Lives of the 
 faints and the writings of the Fathers f 
 
 What after all, is tl.e law regarding Protestant schools in 
 1 ranee i Simply that none can go into operation without a 
 previous authorizati<m; that the rector of the academy in 
 whose district the school is proposed .> be opened may impose 
 h.« veto upon ,t at will. What are th. very latest accounts 
 wo ha^^ respecting the toleration of Protestant schools in 
 
 ^ Wn M 'V' :;^^^-^''*^-« " -'^^ to the London Tin.es : 
 J^^^^^^^Umt^nh^rt has been engrossing the world's 
 
 * Pastoral Letter, 185G. 
 
• 28 
 
 attention, and Sir Moses Mont«fiore has been talcing connseJ 
 with Sir Culling Eardley how to rescue a young Israelite 
 from th^ gripe of the Pope, the Prefet of the Haute Vienno 
 »r..'. 's Departmental Council ha \e come to the decision to 
 allowlno Protestant schools within their jurisdiction, to avoid 
 danger to public morals. In 1852 there were twelve flour- 
 ishing I*rotestant schools in the department of the Upper 
 Vienue : they had all been established for some years, and the- 
 inhabitants of the several ' communes ' a'-e ready to acknow- 
 ledge that whatever education worth the name they have 
 received, either for themselves or their children, they owe it 
 to the Protestant schools. No one but a priest or a Govern- 
 ment ofl&cial could have visited these admirable schools with- 
 out feeling grateful to the Evangelical Society of France for 
 introducing among a population sunk in ignorance and vice- 
 the civifising influences of Christianity and useful, knowledge. 
 Under the constitution of 1830 and 1848 those articles were 
 considered to be as legally constituted as any in France, but 
 all on a sudden the Academic Council of the department, 
 created by the education law of 1850, declared them to be 
 illegal, and by a positive decree issued by the said Council 
 in December, 1852, twelve schools were closed, and several 
 hundred children deprived of their education." The writer 
 goes on to narrate how tk-ough the seven intervening year& 
 the Protestants have sought in vain the restr/ation of their 
 rights; how, during that period, "the inhabitants of those 
 villages, with unshaken firmness, and a moral courage un- 
 known to the French character, have resisted the ecclesiastical 
 press-gang, and refused to sacrifice their children to the 
 religion of the state;" how the indefatigable tcacliers, "keep- 
 ing^within the law, have now for six years instructed tlm 
 chUdren of those poor peasants at their own houses, watched, 
 by the police, i-cady to pounce upon them if one child m^ 
 belonging to the family should be found at the domestio 
 
lesson;" ami how the ^Mc' of a Hnal effort after redress by 
 ■appeal to the Department Courtcil iias been a jud<rment 
 unanimously confirming, "far ihe sake of public morals^ 
 tho opposition made by the prefect to the opening of the 
 •schools. n,is is but one instance of tU many which mi-rht 
 be cited to prove what in reality is tho liberty of educatron 
 in France. 
 
 In Austria the whole education of the country is, by virtue 
 of the concordat between the Pope and Francis Joseph, 
 handed over to the bishojis and priests. The three millions 
 -of Protestants in Hungary and Transylvania are despoiled of 
 •rights secured to them two centuries and a half ago Their 
 schools are closed.-Year after year they fruitlessly petition 
 the Emperor to permit, in fulfilment of his oft-repeated pro- 
 ■mises, their asseml)Hng in synods to conserve the interests of 
 tiieir three thousand churches, and to grant them the super- 
 intendence of their own estublishme«ts f<,r public education. * 
 In one word I may assert that die only Roman Catholic 
 countries whore there is liberty, and liberality, of education 
 •are those in which the laity have risen up in opposition t^ 
 the clerical order and in defiance of allocutions from the 
 'Pope, and even the thunders of excommunication itself 
 achieved for themselves tliis noble boon. Belgium and 
 8anlima (Catholic countries) have wrought out indieir own 
 
80 
 
 l)elmlf, t() sonio extent, tliat indepcndenco of the priostlioocT 
 which I understand it to bo an object of your association to 
 obtain for our lloraan Catholic fellow subjects here. 
 
 . I have now endeavored by a simple narrative of undoubted 
 facts, to place succinctly before you some evidence of that spirit 
 of hostility towards public education whicli animates the 
 Church of Rome. With much solicitude I have striven so to 
 discharge the duty demanded of me as not to offer avoidable 
 offence to any Catholics who may bo present, and who natu- 
 rally cherish a strong affection for the system in whicli they 
 have been nurtured. I have no quarrel with those lloman 
 Catholics who conscientiously adhere to a Church wliidi they 
 believe to be founded upon the Apostles and Prophets, and 
 to offer the only means of eternal salvation. Them, as well 
 as Protestants, I regard as my brethren ; the children of the 
 mum Father who is in heaven ; placed here with the same 
 object of serving out in time a probation for eternity ; gifted 
 with the same powers of discriminating evil and good ; and 
 clothed with the same prerogative, — of which no power on 
 earth is entitled by force or cunning to deprive them — of 
 deciding for themselves upon all matters which come within 
 the ken of the human mind. Can greater liberality than 
 this be demanded of us V No. It is the very extent of 
 our concessions to the people, not to tlH3 priests, that offends 
 the Papacy. JT requires that we should deny the birthright 
 of the human mind ; refuse to the Roman Catholic the right 
 to investigate the Book of History, the Book of Nature, or 
 the Book of Life. This, by the grace of God, we will never 
 consent to do. Roman Catholics must be as free as Protest- 
 ants, under the British flag; as free to peruse the sacred 
 oracles of God, while none may challenge their right to accept 
 the Church of Rome as the interpreter of His will. As freo 
 a.s l*rotestant8 they must be to dive with Milkr into tha 
 
81 
 
 depths of tho Earth, or to scale with Newton the sublimities 
 of the universe. As free as Protestants, to trace the illus- 
 tnous records of England, Scotland, and Ireland, and to feel 
 thmr souls expand in tho light of the traditional glories 
 which ench-cle those lands. To secure to them this right is 
 the duty of their Protestant fellow subjects. To conserve 
 and protect it inviolate by the assaults of tho Papacy or 
 the schemes of tho Jesuits, is the sacred and responsible 
 trust of a Protestant Government. 
 
 T have so nearly reached tho limits conventionally estab- 
 lished for lectures from this stand, that I cannot pretend to 
 enter with any degree of minutenes. upon tho definition of 
 the duty of Protestants in regard to Public Education. Nor 
 could I attempt this without the greatest diffidence. A few 
 sentences will indicate such views a» I feel myself at liberty 
 to place before you. Waiving all argument upon the ques- 
 tion whether,- and how far, the State should interfere in the 
 education of its subjects,-! assume that when it does appro- 
 priate a portion of its revenues to this great work, the object 
 18 to advance its own prosperity by rendering its people in- 
 telUgent, industrious, and loyal ; and I contend that only on 
 schools which conduce to the accomplishment of this design 
 can public funds with any show of reason be bestowed. If 
 there be institutions of learning (so called) where teachers 
 sedulously conceal from those entrusted to their care the 
 riches of philosophy, the discoveries of science, the truths of 
 history, and God's revelation of His will to man ;-imbue 
 the youthful mind with principles totally at variance with 
 those on which the Constitution reposes for its security — 
 and seek to centre its affections on a foreign and unfriendly 
 potentate, as the source of all authority and the true object 
 ot undivided allegiance: to such institutions, I say, it is 
 suicidal in the State to contribute support. And as pro- 
 
ciscly such is tho clmracter of the scmiiiavios which tho 
 Jesuits establish in the British possessions, I c;ninot help 
 declaring the firm conviction tliat all such seminaries (if not 
 suppressed " in the interest of public moMh " !) should bo 
 left to pursue their tortious course unaided by tho offerings 
 of Protestants. Far be it from mo to affirm that if tho 
 Government adopt the plan, which prevails in England, of 
 grants in aid to the educational institutions of tho difficront 
 religious bodies, leaving each at liberty to inculcate its dis* 
 tinctivo doctrines, but subjecting them all to inspection in re- 
 gard to the course of secular instruction pursued, — a school 
 should not receive a grant if i taught and attended by Koman 
 Catholics. On tho contrary, I would wish to sco tho efforts 
 of Catholics to impart, or to gain, instruction, furthered and 
 accelerated by all the means at tho disposal of the Staw\ 
 Above all others, they are tlie very class of our population 
 in whose mental enlightenment we have the directest interest. 
 But I would require of the masters, negatively, that they 
 should not inflame tho minds of their pupils with hatred 
 to the government under which they live ; that no copy 
 books headed " Hurrah for Repeal ! " * should daily lie 
 beneath the eye of the scholar ; tliat the morals taught shftuld 
 not be such as the text books of Jlaynooth enjoin,— imbuing 
 tho minds of Catholic subjects of a Protestant prince with 
 the belief that "they are freed from the debt of fidelity and 
 of all obedience ; " f or instilling such views of duty between 
 man and man as "that he who owes anything to a heretic 
 by means of purchase, promise, exchange, pledge, deposit, 
 loan, or any other contract, is ipso facto free from the 
 obligation, and is not bound to keep his promise, bargain, or 
 
 * Minutes of I'>idence before Commissioners of Education. 
 
 t Corims Juris Canonici.— Decretal, Greg. IX., Lib. V., Cap. XVI 
 AbsoUdus : quoted by Ilcittbnstuci, u Ktuiubifd aruhurity iu Jrlaynootli 
 College, in tiie fifth boolv of his Decretals til. 7, de Hereticis. 
 
 >th 
 
iili 
 
 rontrnct, or his plighted fnifh, even though .worn, to a 
 imouc; * or asserting that "as the forgers of money 
 and other malefactors are immediately delivered by secular 
 pnnces to death, much more heretics, fr.,m the time they 
 are convicted of their heresy, cannot only ho excommunicated 
 but justly slain." f I wouM require of them, positively, as 
 of all other schools, a faithful adherence to a curriculum of 
 secular instruction, having the sanction of the Inspector 
 appointed by Government; because for this they receive tho 
 moneys of the State; and as one of their own writers hag 
 said,? that "It IS a melancholy but an incontrovertible fact 
 that since the Sixteenth Century precisely those nations which 
 have been nurtured in the Bible, notwithstanding the variety 
 of sects prevailing among them, have continued to be funda- 
 rnentally religious ; whilst among those nations where tho 
 iiib e has not been read, all that has been lost to Roman 
 Catholicism has been lost to Christianity, and has been re- 
 placed by atheism, materialism, and a brutal indifference to 
 the concerns of tho soul, "-I would, - in the interest of 
 morals, require that tho truths of the Bible, (with what 
 doctrinal comments and interpretations they please,) be daily 
 taught. "^ 
 
 If, on tho other hand, the legislature determine to estab- 
 lish a National, or Provincial, system of common schools, it 
 seems only fair that they should be studiously freed from the 
 slightest semblance of sectarianism. Although concurring 
 m the verdict p.s.sed by Councils of the Roman Catholic 
 Church upon "Godless Schools" as "dangerous to faith 
 and morals," and accepting the wisdom qf Washington's 
 dying charge , " Never allow education to be divorced from 
 
 * Corpus Juns Canonici. 
 
 nvm uiM. ,^,,th iu bo nio Dost system of Ethics to be tbund." 
 
 t In tho Revue de Deux Mondcs. 
 
a4 
 
 religion," ono cnnnnt avoid poroolvino; tlmt to mnturo n Hys- 
 toiu (losigricd for Imth Protestants and Roman Catliolios, souio 
 Hacrifiwvs must l)o made. IJut thero is a point beyond which 
 the consistent and conscientious Protestant ]kiton cannot "-o 
 in the way of concession to tho Papacy ; u point beyond 
 which, let mo add, no Catholic should go in submission to 
 the Pope. Wo cannot sacrifice the truths of history ; and 
 wo cannot surrender tho Hiblo. As our Catholic ancestors 
 once sternly replied to a sununons from tho Pope : "We will 
 not change the laws of England," Protestants must now 
 declare, Wo cannot alter the histoiy of England. In the 
 spirit in which the sturdy C|atholic barons extorted from King 
 John, and maintained in defiance of Papal bulles, and ex- 
 communication, the Great Charter of our civil liberties, must 
 Protestants now maintain and exalt the charter of their 
 spiritual freedom. 
 
 Perhaps wo only need to take this stand and Catholics 
 themselves will rally to our side. It is btit an act of justice 
 to acknowledge that the extreme demands which I have in 
 part recounted to-night, have not sprung from the Roman 
 Catholic laity, nor been incited or approved by the whole 
 body of Romanist clergy. They are among the evidences 
 of the ascendency of the Jesuits once more in the Coun- 
 cils of Rome. That electric shock of the revolutionary spirit 
 which vibl-ated through Europe in 1848, making the Vatican 
 tremble, and unseating the Pope, acted upon Rome as a 
 signal for again placing her interests in the hands of the tried 
 order of Jesuits. A change of tactics was at once ap 
 parent in every part of Cin-istendom. In many things, in- 
 deed, the Jesuits seemed to miscalculate their strength, both 
 in Protestant and Papal lands. Belgium and Piedmont 
 refused to have the cords of spiritual despotism drawn more 
 tightly round them. The Papal aggression,— in England 
 roused to unequalled intensity the Protestant feeling of tho 
 
35 
 
 to bo soon whotlxM- uh\ I ? '"""^"''0. It remains yet 
 
 to J-opisl, inau°„J IT '"""■'''K''™. I>»s succumbed 
 ln.str„ .ion/ J Xa ,, " f^"'-""y„-'"'''M-<l "^^'eu, of 
 
 guidance. Wo fi^ J t ."'''''''>'-''"'^" J"'"''!-^ 
 
 ••*ui,,,„d,..k„t;: jrti ™:^ °" ,■■-■-"«- 
 
 «"Iur knowledge, but, „|,„t i»T ' ^ ^" ^ '" '""P"" 
 
 out the spirit of wide ,1T T° '"''""■'"»'' '^ ™' 
 
 .■aetertsHe'of I'lZt ^1 '• '"'""'''° ""''"'"P'"" » «'- 
 
 .ouuino cathoiiet: * ::i::,r^^ '"■'"'"'■" "-' 
 
 of submission and defcrenee to7h l f ^ " " *I""' 
 
 Oouueil, as suitable for 1 *^. T'TT f "'° ^"^ 
 
 rankest doetrines of P„„"v 7 , ™'^ '«''°'' ">° 
 
 Planing up to veto a eb! f ' "' T "°" "^'' J"™"^ 
 donUniveWvbealtt '''°''''P''"'''°P''^'» "o W 
 
 tbatp^Jd^^^^ «uld diirer fi.. 
 
 '' t s1"r T ^'f'"''''^" 'o'- January: 1859""' ^ "^" ^^^^«l'"l'erJ as 
 T bee Bulwark as jil.ove. * 
 
36 
 
 It is high time, my fellow Protestants, for us to assume in 
 our own defence, and in belialf of our Catholic fellow subjects, 
 a position of firm and fearless antagonism to the encroach- 
 ments of the Papacy. And where can we better seek the 
 rock of our stability than in that blesssd Book of Books to 
 which we owe the revival of our faith, the conservation of 
 our language, the refinement of our literature, the mainte- 
 nance of our liberties, and the melioration of our laws ? 
 
 "The glory of the Catholic Church," says Montalerabert, 
 " is to bend herself with an indefatigable Jlexibility to the 
 institutions, the manners, the ideas of all countries and of 
 all ages." Let us watch 'well her sinuous advances. And 
 let us evince to her that our glorying is not in the " wisdom 
 of this world," but in an unwearied and unbending resolve 
 to bring all institutions, all customs, all ideas, to the test of 
 the Gospel of the Son of God. 
 
10 in 
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 oach- 
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 of 
 
 on 
 
 lintc- 
 
 bert, 
 3 the 
 id of 
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 isolve 
 !st of