s^^.. IMAGE EVALUATION TEST TARGET (MT-3) k A {./ ^ .^ 1^ m^. .^ i <.> 4, « ^ ^ 1.0 I.I 11.25 m u 1^ Hiotographic Sciences Corporation 33 Wnt MAIN STRUT WfMTIR.N.Y MSM (7U) ■/a-4>0) fM" MP. /V//y or infolefitly difobedient to Command, negligefit and fearful of Bufinefs and Adlion, and 7?jcapahle of Duty or Service ? -Nay fo greatly were our Men funk in their Strength and Courage, that we were become the Scoff of our Neighbours ; and our Rulers at Home had it echoed through the Nation that we were lofl and undone^ unable any longer to Jlrive or contend with the Enemy, and mufi jiibmit to France, Docs not every Body remember this Language, and this terrible State of Things among us? And muft the Return of it be brought on us again for the Sake of a trifling Addition to th Revenue? When it is fo greatly to the Diflike of all Men r And when the foor and the laborious themfelves defire the Temptation may not be oficTcd to them ? When IVuths fo interefting to the Welfare and Prof- perity of a Nation fland fo cftablifh'd, it is the Bufmcfs and the Duty of every honed Man to try to have them to be received, and to prevail. I have no Byals but that which tends to promote the Good of Britain and its Ap- pendages, mm 11 i( (( (( (( C 6 ] pcnJagcs, hilt that Byafs— I ftrongly feel the Iihpulie'ofj. and am by it excited to make fome Animadverfions on the AfllTtions and lleafonincrs of the Gin Diftillers and their Abettors. They tell us, 1. ^^ f(i)Thiit the Reformation Vv'ith regard to the Morals ot the Peo^/lc, would have been the lame had they drank Gin infiead of Rum [if J. —And that the Refor- mation is in part oweing to the Difperfion of many drunken People beyond Sea by Reafoix-.gf the War." — The firft of thefe Ail'crtions every Man's own Experience, mufl: have proved to him the Falilty ot ; and every Tongue will tell that Gin Sottiilmefs, with all its direful Train, flouriflied in every Fart of this City fo long as a Dram of it could be had for a Half-penny ; and that the firft Gleams which appeared of the Return of Sobriety and Induftry was when Gin was fupprefs'd, and not till then. — The laft afferted Caufe of the Reformation is not only as falfe as the firfl:, but reflects great Scandal and Reprehenfi- blcnefs on the Writer.— The Behaviour of both our Sailors and Soldiers fmce the Supprefllon of Gin deferves a better Treatment, and there is no Room to doubt but they will preferve the Rcftown they have gained^ if they have but tvood Leaders, and Gin is with-held from them. 2. '' (c) That Gin is as wholefomc, or as little prejudicial to drink, as Rum.— That the Eifeds ol Drunkennefs by Ciin are not different from thofe by Rum. — That Phyfi- " cians {a) Gin Qiicrift, and Partiirimt Monies. id) Hy Hum 1 always tnean a vSpii it mauc from the Juice of a Sugar-Cane. ('y Gin C^icrill, and Partiaiunt Mcnits. a n fions on the rs and their the Morals ■ had they the Refor- ^ of many c War."-., Experience, ■ly 1 ongue ^^ul Train, 1 Dram of the firil: 3riety and II then. — t only as prehenfi- •ur Sailors s a better they will pave but judicial nnefs by t PJiyfi. u Clans . , t 7 ] *' cians prcfcribe Gin in 'itiany Difeafcs, parliciilarly tlic "** Gravel ; — And that Gin is a neater, cleaner and kfs rank *' Spirit than. Rnni.'— -Since the Siippreflion ot Gin the Confumption ot Hum has bce.i very greatly increafed, and yet Dram Drunkennelsy v/ith all its dreadful ElTedts, has en- tirely ceafcd : Which Fac^l alone deftroys the Force, and proves the Falfhood, of the now quoted Afl'ertions.— To iuppofe tliat Spirits arc equally good or vvholefomc is an Abfurdity proved by common Obfervation ; and every Man's Senfes prove alfo to himfelf, that Spirits, like other Liquors .of like Denominations, greatly difl'er faj. — Daily Expe- Tiencc and Obfervation' alfo prove to us, that the Senfation:^, Influences, and Effedls, which we have felt in ourfelves, or have feen in others, are widely different, when made have long ^^y for the /o ufed, to ibuted very • and to re- 5 thefe de- and Water Jrftking of this the that he -> or with Thing of the Spirit idds with the Brain les every C^bJivion, ft pinch- " ing [ 9 3 *' Ing Cares ; and, tcgctlKr with his Rcafun, all anxious '* Reflections on Brats, th.^t cry for Food, liard \\ inter *' FroAs, and liorrid empty Home/' — My ApothccaiA , who is liiidi in the Honours of the Plall, tells mc, tliat lor making eojiipoiiiul Waters and Tindiircs, Rum and Me- lafles Spiiit is always iifcd ; iinlefs where the Ingredients are fo rci'iiunis, denie, and eompadiled as to require a more fiibtle and penetrating Spirit to make them refolve and ycild up their Virtues ; and that then they mike Ufe ot Corn Spirit: Nor docs he know that it is otliervvife ufed in Medi- cine, except outwardly ; and he urges his own Conviction ol the great Dilierenec, there is, as to falutar) nefs, be- tween Rum and Gin, from the \ery different Appearanee raw rlelli makes when fufpended lor a Time feparately in them. — Theie Opinions, founded on Pracliec and l:xperi- ments, prove— that Gin is a Spirit too fiery, acrid, and in- flameing for iiiward Ufe— But that Rum is a Spirit fo mild, ballamic, and benign, that if its properly ufed and attem- pered it may be made Jiighly ufelul, both for the Relief and Regalement of Human Nature. It feems tliereforc liighly ineumbent on the Legillaturc to prohibit intirely the inward Ufe of the former ; and to fecurc to us tlij Benefit of the latter; by ordaining fuch Laws as will effec- tually guard againft any hurtful Ufe of it. As thefe Men cannot be fuf}ied:cd of Byafs or Partiality, and as they well know the Principles of Vegetables, and the Power and Eft'edts of Fermentation and Diftillation, their Opinions mufl be determining. B 3. "That I (C it tc u u i ( (( (< ? It is Bufincfs and Traffick, Exports and hiitabie Imports that raife to Power and Weakh, and the Encrcafe and Ex- tcnfion of thefe accompany one another. Our Co!o.iie;wiiul Settlements therefore, for our own fakes, defervc tlie crrcafcil Encouragement ; to fay, *' that as they are eniiciied \'. e " mud be beggared'' is a Problem no body but a (lin-Pa- triot could furely have devized ? Perhaps \i all our Colonies and Settlements wercconneded with Great-Brlta'm he would approve it, and think thereby the Strength of our Motlier- Country greatly encrcafed. But what would this argue him to be ? Our King indeed would be Sovereign over an im- menfe Track of Country, but would not He and his People be great Lofers by it ? The Diftance between our Mother- Country and lier Colonies and Settlements, is, fo long as we remain Mafters of the Sea, and vigoroufly pufli on Na- vigation, of the higheft Advantage to our Agriculture, our Manufadlories, and all the Employments and Occupations among us, and of confequence to the landed Intereft both of Great Britain and Ir eland. ^It makes our Pofleflions not only as big as the Number of Acres they contain, but to fpread as wide as our Colonies and Settlenients arc diftant from us : It makes us near Neighbours to every Quarter, and almoft every Part of the World ; and gives us a Con- fideration and Influence its fcarcc poflible for any coimeded I'erritory, of equal Dimenfions ever to have What the quoted Writers mean by 3 per Cent, and 1 5 per Cent. I do not underftand ; but were it not for fomc extraordinary Ad- B 2 vantages, / . [ X2 ] vantages, Vvlio would riiquc their PciTons and Propcrdes i.i fuch diftant unfriendly Climates, expofcd to frequent Lofl'es ly Hurricanes, and fo much to the Rifque of Enemies that 1 2 fcr Cent, per A/wum is often given to infurc their E dates. And every one knows — that howfoever great the Gains of the Planters may be in our Cclonies and Settlements — - that they are fupplied from us with their Wants that their Children are educated among us— and that they themfelves are very eager to lay out their Money in this 3 per Cent, Land, and to live and dwell in this Mother Country. — But it the Exorbitancy oi their Gains is a Reafon for deftroying or cranipinjy their Trade ; what fliould be the Fate of Gin irom the unconfcionable Profits of the Diftillers of it? See- ing it is a Point agreed on by all Hands, that no one Set of Adventurers in Trade have— -irom fuch fmall Capitols with fuch little Rifque— at fo great Certainty— and in fo ilicrt a 1 ime, raifed fuch great Eftates as the Grain Diftil- lers are now known to polTefs ; and all this by making and \x*nding i. Liquor, which, on the Experience of many Years, is found to be productive of the worfl: of Ills and Mifchiefs that can happen to Society. 4. (a) '* That Malt Diftillery by the Confumption it " makes of Corn encourages Agriculture, and thereby has " made Grain cheaper for fifty Years part. That Malt- Diftillery is a Prcf.rvative againft I'aminc and thereby has can fed Grain to b^ cheaper for fifty Years part. That if Malt Spirits are l^iil prohibited Eftates will ftill " Icfl'en (rt) Gin Q^icriH, Tartnr'iunt AlofUcs. it (( cc :ill In " it'flen in Value.- C( (( [ '3 ] ■And that many Farmers, thoiigli pc nurious and laborious, are now incapable of paying thcir Rents, and will be morefo if Agriculture is difcouragcd." •So Malt Diftillery then it feems by confuming Corn en courages Agriculture, and fo makes Corn cheaper ; and alfo by being a Prefervative againft Famine makes Cera cheaper. Thefe Fads, though of fifty Years ftanding, 1 muft confefs my Ignorance of, nor can I conceive the Truth, Senfe, or confiflency of the Reafonings upon thcin. jMucli lefs can I comprehend that the Farmers or their Landlords have been fo greatly benefited by theDiftillation of Corn, as ir made it cheaper; and yet it is moft pofitively aflerted that the/ are all to a Man for it; and that at laft the Clergy, in order to blefs their Endeavours, and to afTift them in carrying on the good Work, have joined them But what degree of Truth thefe Aflertions, with their Confequences, have in them ; will be better underftood by obferving, Firfl:, that for the Space of thefe h\ft three Years, (the time Gin has been fuppreffed) every kind of Agriculture, to wit, of Corns and Grades, and Seeds of every Sort, lias flourifhed and cncreafed as much, nay more, than it was ever known to have done in any other three preceeding Years Se- condly, that notwithftanding the immenfe Expence of tlie prefent War, the Value of landed Eftates has not given way, but rather enereafed for thefe laft three Years, and do fo to this very Day. — And, Tliirdly, that for the fame Time no Farms have, or now do lye unoccupied for want of Tcn- nants ; but on the contrary there have been, and now art*, more C H ] I ivjre People ready to hire Farms than there are Farms to be let. The Encreafc of the Rents, lately on Farms in Gr:at Britain and Ireland ^ is to the Amoimt of no in- coiiildcrable Sum, and yet there never was a Time when Farmers in general paid their Rents fo well as at the pre- lent. So that its plain we can make Shift to go on, nay, to thrive, without any Diftillation of Corn. I'hree Years is a pretty fair Trial, and enough to fatisfy the Mind of any reafonable Enquirer. I juft now faid, that I did not un- derhand how the Confumption of Corn by Diftillation was a " Prefervative againft Famine," but I then forgot that, during the Reign of Gin, her Votaries cat no Bread, or fcarce any other Thing ; indeed when the Fire within became too fcorching and intolerable, it was no uncom- mon Pradice for them to fwallow down raw Oatmeal, with a little Water, in order to cool their Entrails. 5. " (b) That the Hogs fed in the Malt-Diftillery are as " good and wholefome as any other. That they are " cheaper. And that the Gentlemen of the Vidtualling- •* Office allow this to be true." But if this is true, the Learned are greatly miftaken when they tell us- — that both the Flefh and the Produdions of Animals, made for the Ufe of Man, are, in Goodnefs and Wholcfomenefs, as is their Food and Keeping. The Milk of Cows, its Butter, Cheefe, &'c, is better or worfe, richer or poorer, accord- ing as they are fed with Grains, Grafs, Hay, or other Foods ; and this alfo according to the Nature and Good- . . nefs ib) Gin Querift, Tarturiunt Montes, the is cer, rd- ler lefs C ^5 ] nefs of thefe feveral Foods. So the Milk of AfTes and Goats, when they are fed ch'efly on pedloral and vulnerary Plants, is found far more falutiferous to confumptive Peo- ple, than when they fed on any of the aforementioned Foods. All agree, that both in Mutton and Venifon the Difference is very great from the different feedings of Deer and Sheep. The fame is allowed to be true in all Kinds of Fowls ; and from thefe Inftances one would be inclined to conclude, that the Flefh of Hogs fittened with an /;/- toxicating JVapy which keeps them in a fliglit State of Drunkennefs, muft be, in every Refpcdl, greatly inicriour to that of fatted Hogs who have eat only Legumes or Corn, and drank only Milk or Water. ^ When Gin was fuppreffed it was loudly talked, that the Navy could not be fupply'd, fcarcely at any Rate, with Hogg Flefli, and fomethmg of the fame Sort is here touch'd at. But we have lived to fee, that both a greater Navy, and a greater Num- ber of Merchantmen, than ever Britain had on Foot, or employed, before, have been fupply'd with good Pork without any Advancement of Price ; and that, at the End of three Years, Pork is now as cheap as it has been for many Years part. 6. (c) " That fince the Prohibition of Gin, vaft Sums of " Money have been fcnt out of the Land to buy French " Brandy; which has greatly ftrengthened the Hands of " our Enemies. That before the Prohibition Africa was ** fupply'd with Britijh Corn Spirits ; but that, fince that " Prohibition, (f) Gin Querifl:. i (( (( (( L" i6 ] Prohibition, large Qiiantities of French and Dutch Spirits have been fcnt thither. And that the Government buy French and Dutch Spirits for our Sailors." In con- fidcring the prefent Difpute between Gin and Rum, I have omitted the Mention of French and Dut, h Spirits, as they, I think, ought to be entirely out of Ufe among us, and of Confequence quite out of the Queflion. Some People give to French Spirits a Power of Stypticity, which, if not peculiar to themfelves, far exceeds it in any other Spirit : But in this they feem to be miftaken, and there is no Doubt but Sugar Spirits do poffefs all the Qiiulitics which the Frejich Spirits do ; and if fo, as we can have an ample Supply made at Home of thefe for our Ufe, why are we to con fume French or Dutch Spirits, and purchafe them vvith Money } Its not likely, at prefent however, that Britain will have in Pofllffion too much Money ; and it therefore appears to me certain, that when Money is the Export, we are moft worfted when we have no Return at all for it, or rather when the Returns arc Honour and Glory :— And that the Returns for our Money in the next Degree moft hurtful to us, are thofe oi Fre?tch and Dutch Spirits. Why the Government fhould buy thefe for the Ufe of our Sailors, or why they ftiould permit them to be imported here, or fent to Africay I do not underftand the Right or Reafonablenefs of ; as we are not in any Want of Home made Spirits, equal, if not luperior, to any, even the beft of them. When the Wifdom of Government do not put an End to Evils, w hich the People think may eafily be ic even t do be ;[ 17 ] be prevented ; are not the People to confider themfclvc^ miftaken? Smugling jFr^/^^ and Z)^/c^ Spirits, India ^\\A other Goods, appear to the People to be a very great Evil ; but they think it an Evil eafy to be ftopt. And yet if Years pafs away, and this Evil remains and fpreads:— Is the Wifdom, Vigilance, or Integrity, of the Government to be liifpedted ? Or are our Rulers to be charged with Negled: or wilful In-attention to the Publick Good, and to ^e Health and Welfare of the People ? The Health, Vigour, Morals, Employments, and Amufements of the People, are, we liave been told, Objeds of the higheft Concernment to the publick Weal; and that, of all the various Orders of Men which compofe Societies, the ut- moft Care ought to be ufed, that the Proportion or Number of the lowejl Order ^ viz. the poor and laboriouSy be kept up full and compleat. — When a right Care xo thefe Objeds is wifely exerted, the People muft flour ifti and rife in Power and Wealth ; and they will be thereby difpofed and en- abled to preferve and defend their Acquiiitions ; but if they are negledted, all fickens and droops ; Wealth flies away, and the Power, even of Rulers and of Kings, finks into nothing. When one confiders our prefent vaft Engage- ments, Undertakings, and Bufinefs ; and how great a Share the poor, the laborious, and the bufy have in tlic Ex- ecution of them all ; fliould not all right and ufeful Me- thods be conftantly and faithfully made ufe of, to enable •them chearfully and ably to do their Bufinefs ; and to fuftain C the I* III.' [ i8 ] the Severities and Extremities of Heat and Cold, Wet and Drought ? Its allowed by all Hands that no Liquor fo well keeps up the Strength and Health of our Sailors, as fmall Beer ; and that when their Beer is drank up, and they have, inftead oi it, a certain Allowance of Spirits, they, in a very remarkable Manner, ficken, and lofe their Vigour and Alertnefs. Is it not then great Pity that fo brave, and fo ufeful a Set of Men fliould ever want fmall Beer ? And fhould not this Fadl naturally lead their Em- ployers to try how ftrong Beer would do with them by way of Cordial and Regale ? And whether a certain Allowance of that would not be far more wholefome and ufeful than a Dram ? We fee what ftrong Beer enables our Men to do on Shore ; and I doubt not but this fame Sort of Beer may be made to keep found in all Climates. But in thefe Opinions, and thefe Relations we may have been milin- formed 5 and by the Meafures and Language of our Rulers, muft be taught to allow and confefs ■ that if they think it a right Meafure to import Dutch and French Spirits; they muft be imported? If Smugling continues to be pradlifed, and no Body knows of it till its done : — The Wifdom of Man could not have pre- vented it ? — If they fay they will have for their Soldiers and Sailors, the moft inflaming and burning Spirits; — Is it not well judged to have their fighting Men fired to the iitnioft ? It is great Stupidity and Infolence — to anfwcr tliat the Health, Induftry, Bravery, and Governa- blcnefs re- to jto la- [ 19 ] blenefs of the poor, laborious, and bufy, are better pre- ferved and fupported by Sugar than Malt, Spirits, and by Beer than either of them : or to infift that the Revival of Gin drinking will greatly leflen the Confumption of Beer:— or to argue that if our Rulers will have Gin for their fight- ing Men they fliould be Diftillers of it, as they are now Brewers of Beer. In this Cafe the drinking of Gin would be confined to Sailors only, and that would caufe but little Confumption of Corn, and produce no Encreafe to the Revenue.— ;^To attain thefe pubHck fpirited Ends,— Gin muft be drank by the Populace, and a Dram of it fold at lefs Price than a Pint of Beer— then fhall we fee thefe in- viting Words glittering on Signs Drunk for Five Farthings, and dead drunk for Two-pence Hy\LF- PENNY, AND CLEAN StRAW FOR NOTHING. FINIS.